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8d9a9100-31de-4735-bd40-479d139c0e63 | Characteristic feature of Goodpasture's syndrome | Lumpy-bumpy deposits on immunofluorescence | Serum antibodies against alpha 3 NC1 domain of collagen - IV | Serum antibodies against alpha 1 NCI domain of collagen III | Anti DNAse antibodies positive | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Serum antibodies against alpha 3 NC1 domain of collagen - IV(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 912-913)Goodpasture syndromeIt is type 1 RPGN & a type II hypersensitivity reaction.It is characterized by serum antibodies against alpha 3 NC1 domain of collagen - IV.This shows linear GBM fluorescence, while all other Glomerulon... | Pathology | Kidney |
372a754e-08b4-448e-8de6-16dd013941cd | Puppe's rule is associated with? | Sexual assault | Multiple impact injuries | Chemical injuries | Percentage of burns | 1b | single | Puppe's rule is associated with multiple impact injuries. PUPPE'S RULE It states that when two fracture lines intersect each other, the second fracture line never crosses the first one. It tells us the sequence of shots when multiple bullets have struck the skull, and it is also applicable to the multiple blunt impacts... | Forensic Medicine | Mechanical Injuries |
e1761ffa-a0f4-4815-9981-b5bcca82b757 | If the 4% of thymine residues in DNA is 28% what is the % of cystosine | 28% | 44% | 36% | 22% | 3d | single | this is solved acc to chargaff rules = A+T+G+C=100% REF : LIPINCOTT BIOCHEMISTRY | Biochemistry | All India exam |
8482818b-12da-4982-9922-57934754518b | Which one of the following phenomenon is closely associated with slow wave sleep - | Dreaming | Sleep walking | Atonia | Irregular heart rate | 1b | single | Slow wave sleep (stage 3 & 4 of NREM sleep) disorders:- Sleepwalking (somnambulism), night tenor (sleep terror or pavomoctumus), Nocturnal enuresis, Bruxism (teeth grinding), and sleep talking (somniloquy).
REM sleep events/disorder :- Nightmares, nocturnal penile tumescence, Narcolepsy. | Psychiatry | null |
0aed7f16-45cf-467b-b7d9-d01d0e8914c3 | Which of the following signs of congestive cardiac failure constitute a major risk to the surgical patient undergoing anaesthesia ? | Jugular venous distention and third heart sound | Cardiomegaly | Pedal oedema | Basal crepitations on auscultation | 0a | single | Higher perioperative risk is seen with :- Systemic hypertension, elevated jugular venous pressure, pulmonary rales, the presence of third heart sound, murmurs suggestive of significant valvular disease, and vascular bruits. | Anaesthesia | null |
ad131fed-6354-4ad7-be5e-7d95e26f499a | All are true about treatment of migraine EXCEPT: | Naratriptan acts longer than sumatryptan | Sumatryptan is used in acute attack of migraine | Sumatryptan acts on 5HT. B/D receptors in great vessels | Sumatryptan is used for chronic migraine | 3d | multi | ANSWER: (D) Sumatryptan is used for chronic migraineREF: Harrison's 17th ed chapter 15"By chronic migraine the examiner means to say prevention of migraine and sumatryptan is not used in prevention of migraine, but in acute attackNaratriptan, administered orally, reaches its peak plasma concentration in 2-3 hours and h... | Medicine | C.N.S. |
b9752b65-8408-4f4d-8830-9002806bcd9e | Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of d-Tubocurarine? | Competitive, non-depolarising block at Nm cholinergic receptors | Competitive , depolarising block at Nm cholinergic receptors | Non-competitive, non-depolarising block at Nm cholinergic receptors | Non-competitive, depolarising block at Nm cholinergic receptors | 0a | single | D-tubocurarine is the prototype Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agents that causes a Competitive, non-depolarising block at Nicotinic (Nm) cholinergic receptors. Mechanism of Action of d-Tubocurarine and other Non-Depolarising Competitive Blockers: At low doses (Competitive Block) At high doses (Complete Blocka... | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
132fa187-9ec5-43d6-bfaf-55d5910655c7 | A patient of CSOM with cholesteatoma present with acute onset of veigo. Treatment is: | Immediate exploration | Antibiotics + steroids | Labyrinthine sedatives + antibiotics | Labyrinthine sedatives only | 0a | single | Ans. A CSOM with cholesteatoma is the most common cause of labyrinthus, presents with transient veigo often induced by pressure on tragus, cleaning the ear or while performing val salva monoeuure * Coical mastoidectomy (in acute mastoiditis) or modified radical mastoidectomy (in chronic middle ear infection or choleste... | ENT | null |
41aa38be-7a52-43aa-99e6-26e9ecc87a21 | The sensory supply of the palate is through all of the following, except | Facial nerve | Hypoglossal nerve | Glossopharyngeal nerve | Maxillary division of trigeminal nerve | 1b | multi | . | Anatomy | All India exam |
83dcf2bd-6d11-425a-895d-68b24f4ff9db | Keratomalacia is due to - | Vit-A deficiency | Keratoconus | Vitamin E deficiency | Also seen in retinitis pigmentosa | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Vit-A deficiency o Keratomalacia It is a common condition in developing countries and is due to deficiency of vitamin A.o The condition is usually bilateral.o In keratomalacia, the cornea becomes dull and insensitive, hazy and yellow infiltrates form until finally the whole tissue undergoes necrosis a... | Ophthalmology | Cornea |
a15ab624-2911-4cd9-9e79-291b349a1d9a | Yersinia enterocolitica, formerly a Pasteurella, has more than 50 sero-types that can be isolated from rodents, sheep, cattle, swine, dogs, and cats and water contaminated by them, and is best described by which of the following? | Commonly inhabits the canine respiratory tract and is an occasional pathogen for humans; strongly urease-positive | Gram-negative bipolar stained bacilli that cause diarrhea by means of a heat-stable enterotoxin, with abdominal pain that may be mistaken for appendicitis | Pits agar, grows both in carbon dioxide and under anaerobic conditions, and is part of the normal oral cavity flora | Typically infects cattle, requires 5% to 10% carbon dioxide for growth, and is inhibited by the dye thionine | 1b | multi | All the organisms are short, ovoid, gram-negative rods. For the most part, they are nutritionally fastidious and require blood or blood products for growth. These and related organisms are unique among bacteria in that, though they have an animal reservoir, they can be transmitted to humans. Humans become infected by a... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
83eeacb4-9bce-4af3-b4c0-5ba9911c8140 | In pterygium, which layer of cornea is involved most often - | Epithelium | Endothelium | Bowman's layer | Descemet's membrane | 2c | single | Pterygium is a growth from conjunctiva, In cornea, it involves Bowman&;s layer. Reference : Yanoff & Duker 3rd edition ,page :712 | Ophthalmology | Conjunctiva |
9a3e2aa9-a4b3-4745-850f-b113a6ec519f | Anticoagulant of choice for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patient with cancer surgery is:- | Heparin sulfate | Protamine sulfate | Low molecular weight heparin | Warfarin | 2c | single | Venous Thromboembolism- precipitating factor -estrogen in females PREVENTION OF Venous Thromboembolism AMONG HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS Condition Prophylaxis High risk non - ohopedic surgery Unfractionated heparin Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) Cancer surgery(associated thromboembolism ) LMWH Major ohopedic surgery War... | Pharmacology | Hematology |
8927a11d-2af1-47e2-9275-1f2fe6a68be8 | In MCH programme the sampling is done by which method- | Systemic | Stratified | Group | Cluster-30 | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Cluster-30 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9b67ab79-55ec-4005-91e0-9874ad934308 | A 60-year-old male, chronic smoker, presented with fatigue and chest pain. On examination, there was inset left eyeball with drooping upper left eyelid and reduced left pupil size. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis in this condition? | Squamous cell carcinoma involving the apex of his left lung | Adenocarcinoma involving left mainstem bronchus | A small-cell carcinoma involving the hilum of his left lung | Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma involving the left lower lobe | 0a | multi | Most tumors of the apex of the lung are adenocarcinomas Pancoast tumors - apical lung tumors in the superior pulmonary sulcus tend to invade the neural structures around the trachea, including the cervical sympathetic plexus. Involvement of sympathetic fibers gives rise to severe pain in the distribution of the ulnar n... | Pathology | Lung Tumor |
f70683c6-b7ae-4d6d-9001-28746e4a5615 | Bleeding that follows paial or complete placental separation and dilation of the cervical os in first 20 weeks is termed as | Threatened aboion | Complete aboion | Incomplete aboion | Preterm labor | 2c | single | Incomplete Aboion: Bleeding that follows paial or complete placental separation and dilation of the cervical os is termed incomplete aboion. The fetus and the placenta may remain entirely within the uterus or paially extrude through the dilated os. Management options of incomplete aboion include curettage, medical aboi... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | All India exam |
c8385127-dbcd-4a33-b308-768c0e02b178 | Drug with both antidepressant and antipsychotic propeies is? | Buspirone | Amoxapine | Trazodone | Minaserine | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Amoxapine o Amoxapine is the only antidepressant which blocks D2 receptors along with inhibition of NA reuptake --> has mixed antidepressant + neurolepic propey. | Pharmacology | null |
524bc02e-c750-4342-bf19-f9fa01a6879e | All of the following are products of oxygenase pathway, EXCEPT: | PGE2 | PGD2 | PGF2 | LT6 | 3d | multi | Arachidonate, which may be obtained from the diet, but is usually derived from the 2 position of phospholipids in the plasma membrane by the action of phospholipase A2,is the substrate for the synthesis of the PG2, TX2 series (prostanoids) by the cyclooxygenase pathway, or the LT4 and LX4 series by the lipoxygenase pat... | Biochemistry | null |
e181fa74-7b41-40c5-a13a-879082db3c2d | Long term complications of bronchopulmonary dysplasia are all except : | Decreased FRC | Small airway disease | Large airway disease | Interstitial lung disease | 2c | multi | Large airway disease Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is clinically diagnosed in neonate <32 weeks of gestation who requires at least 28 days of oxygen therapy. It is now infrequent in infants> 1200 gm of bih weight & gestation >30 wks. Histology : * Airway epithelial hyperplasia * Squamous metaplasia * Alveolar wall thicken... | Surgery | null |
b24deff0-d5f3-4ea1-93a4-ea7dddc5ce97 | A 31-year-old male patient complains of fatigue, yeast infection in his mouth, and enlarged lymph nodes under his arms. He said that he was involved in "high-risk" behavior 6 years ago while on a trip to eastern and southern Africa. He also indicated that his "HIV test" was negative. Which one of the following options ... | Initiate treatment for HIV disease | Order a test for human T cell leukemia virus (HTLV) | Repeat the test for HIV-1 | Order an HIV test which would include antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2 | 3d | multi | HIV-2 is present in Africa, the Far East, and some pas of the Caribbean area. Many of the screening tests for HIV-1 will not detect antibodies to HIV-2. Either a separate HIV-2 antibody test or a combination HIV-1/2 is necessary. While HTLV disease is also seen in the same geographic areas, the symptoms are more akin t... | Microbiology | Immunology |
b53aa4ed-4123-45cd-a8b9-f89c95aeb67e | How many lactiferous ducts open into nipple | 0-10 | 15-20 | 25-50 | 50-75 | 1b | single | The gland consists of 15 to 20 lobes.Each lobe is a cluster of alveoli,and is drained by a lactiferous duct.The lactiferous ducts converge towards the nipple and open on it.Near it's termination each duct has a dilatation called a lactiferous sinus. Ref.B D Chaurasia's human anatomy.vol.1 | Anatomy | Thorax |
e0db3f09-26f1-487d-99ae-0c083a6983bd | Maximum chances of ABO isoimmunization is seen in? | O+VE Mother to A+VE child | O+VE mother to B+VE child | A+VE mother to 0+VE child | B+VE mother to O+VE child | 0a | single | TEXT BOOK OF PATHOLOGY HARSHMOHAN 6THEDITION PG NO 341 HDN due to ABO incompatibility. About 20% pregnancies with ABO incompatibility between the mother and the foetus develop the HDN. Naturally-occurring anti-A and anti-B antibodies' which are usually of IgM class do not cross the placenta, while immune anti-A and ant... | Pathology | General pathology |
317b43be-4ce9-471b-b249-a574ccee541a | Pancreaticoduodenectomy is not indicated in: | Multiple cyst and calcifications in head of the pancreas | Duodenal cancer | Failed drainage procedure for chronic pancreatitis | Ampullary carcinoma with secondaries in peritoneum | 3d | single | Pancreaticoduodenectomy Indications Contraindications Carcinoma head of pancreas & Ampullary carcinoma Cystic tumors of pancreas Chronic pancreatitis Duodenal carcinoma Common bile duct cancer(Cholangiocarcinoma) Mucinous cystadenoma Pancreatic trauma Metastatic disease in abdominal cavity or nearby organ | Surgery | Pancreas |
d86bd3e3-b804-4f5c-beed-448ed7291e6f | Pain in endometriosis correlates with: | Depth of invasion | Multiple sites | CA 125 | Stage of disease | 0a | single | Ans. is a, i.e. Depth of invasionRef: Leon Speroff, 8/ed, pl230-1231"The intensity of pain associated with deeply infiltrating endometriosis relates to the depth of penetration and to the proximity or direct invasion of nerves". - Ref: Leon Speroff, 8th/ed, pl230"However there is no relationship between stage, site or ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Endometriosis |
db2ce0cd-6c51-4430-975e-349167aa2a91 | The dibucaine number refers to | Ach cholinesterase activity derangement | Potency of muscle relaxants | Potency of general anaesthetics | None | 0a | multi | Dibucaine number: Dibucaine (a local anaesthetic) inhibits 80% of normal pseudocholinesterase and 205 of atypical (non-functional) pseudocholinesterase. Therefore normal dibucaine number is 70-80%. The dibucaine number is used to measure the activity of atypical pseudocholinesterase.(Refer: stoelting's pharmacology and... | Anaesthesia | All India exam |
df5a4187-8358-415b-a0e1-a26978635007 | NADPH used in which pathway- | Fatty acid synthesis | Gluconeogenesis | Beta oxidation | Glycogenolysis | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fatty acid synthesisUses of NADPH:* Reductive biosynthesis of lipids# Fatty acid synthesis# Cholesterol synthesis# Steroid hormone synthesis# Fatty acid elongation# Bileacid synthesis | Biochemistry | Carbohydrates |
fba17273-bad2-4239-898c-4d5e17ec1820 | Enzyme activated by decrease in Insulin: glucagon ratio: | Glucokinase | Hexokinase | PFK | Glucose 6 phosphatase | 3d | single | Low Insulin: Glucagon ratio means=Catabolicstate (Aslow insulinmeansFasting stateor catabolic state).Insulinis released in Fed state. So, in fasting stateglucose-6-phosphatasewill be active as this enzyme is involved ingluconeogenesis,which occurs duringfasting. OTHER OPTIONS OPTION A: Glucokinase phosphorylates glucos... | Biochemistry | NEET Jan 2020 |
14f13ea0-4aa2-4611-9c1a-8f4013e24401 | Vigorous treatment of nephritis in SLE is indicated in: | Class I & II | Class III & IV | Class IV & V | Class V & VI | 1b | single | Renal Biopsy in SLE: The pattern and severity of injury are impoant in diagnosis and selecting the best therapy. Aggressive immunosuppressive treatment is indicated in : Class III and IV disease Class V accompanied by III or IV disease Treatment for lupus nephritis is not recommended in class I or II disease or with ex... | Medicine | null |
725ce302-c9cd-45b6-a8ee-6f58b878c6c5 | Which of the following is not an example of pure gold restorative material? | E-Z gold | Electralloy | Goldent | Mat gold | 1b | multi | Direct gold restorations are the only type of restorations that use pure metal, namely gold, with the exception of one type of direct gold, i.e., electralloy. Direct gold materials can be classified into two main categories: precipitated gold and gold foil.
Electralloy is an actual alloy of gold and calcium, with the c... | Dental | null |
f62c6bf3-2a91-4ea1-bd4e-d4dbc475fa86 | About foreign body in a child true statement is: | unilateral fetid discharge | Presents with unilateral nasal obstruction | Has torrential epistaxis | Inanimate is more common than animate | 1b | multi | A,B and D Foreign Bodies in children cAn be Animate-larvae,maggots,beetles; Inanimate-peas,beans,dried pulses,nuts,paoee,cotton wool and pieces of pencil. Ref Dhingra 6/e,p 161;Turber 10/e,p 62. | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
708e5fd6-3ef0-48cd-a8e5-2f853102204b | HPV is associated with ? | Carcinoma lung | Carcinoma brain | Carcinoma kidney | Carcinoma head neck | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Carcinoma head neck Cancers associated with HPV are :?Cervical carcinomaAnal carcinomaVulvar carcinomaPenile carcinomaVaginal carcinomaOropharyngeal carcinoma (soft palate, base of tongue, tonsils). | Microbiology | null |
6e420333-def7-481d-8f85-c6dbb047e4bb | Congenital pyloric stenosis causes: 1. Bilious vomiting 2. Non- bilious vomiting 3. Projectile vomiting 4. Non projectile vomiting 5. Forceful | 1,2 & 4 | 2,3,4 & 5 | 1,3 & 4 | All are seen | 1b | multi | The vomiting in pyloric stenosis may or may not be projectile, however non bilious vomiting after feed is the characteristic feature. In about 10-15% of infants vomiting may contain blood. This bleeding is due to reflux esophagitis, a common association with hyperophic pyloric stenosis. Also know: Associated anomalies ... | Surgery | null |
2d639973-c053-4510-997f-8653a7814c04 | Coagulation defects a/w ↑ed coagulation is seen in:
A) ↑ Protein C
B) ↑ Protein B
C) ↑ Anti Thrombin HE
D) Protein C resistance
E) Dysflbrtnogenemia | AC | BC | AB | DE | 3d | single | Surgery
Orthopedic, thoracic, abdominal andgenitourinary procedures
Neoplasms
Pancreas, lung, ovary, testes, urinary tract, breast, stomach
Trauma
Fractures of spine, pelvis, femur, or tibia; spinal cord injuries
Immobilization
Acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure,stroke,postoperative convalescence pre... | Pathology | null |
eaa6cc79-6101-4062-a663-9cf53fb1d1c7 | Vegans are those who - | Eat both dairy products and eggs | Eat dairy products but not eggs | Eat eggs but not dairy products | Neither eat dairy products nor eggs | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Neither eat dairy products nor eggs Vegetarionso Vegetarions are divided into three groups -A) Vegans (Vegan vegetarians)# Vegans do not eat any animal or dairy products like meat, fish, cheese or leather.# The get all the proteins from cereals, nuts and seeds.B) Lacto Vegetarians# These people eat da... | Social & Preventive Medicine | General |
ccdc8188-563f-4acc-bcea-18372a5b8476 | Most common chronic arthritis seen in children – | JRA | Rheumatic arthritis | Rheumatic fever | Sepsis | 0a | single | Amongst the given option only JRA causes chronic arthritis in children.
Arthritis
Arthritis in children is diagnosed if -
A) There is swelling or effusion in a joint
B) There are any 2 of the following features -
Decreased ROM
Pain
Tenderness
Increased local temperature
Differential diagnosis of arthritis
Acu... | Pediatrics | null |
eecb4b1e-db37-4a60-b8cf-293535497338 | Most common organ involved in retroperitoneal fibrosis is - | Aorta | Ureter | Inferior vena cava | Sympathetic nerve plexus | 1b | single | The most important clinical aspect of retroperitoneal fibrosis is that the fibrotic process frequently entraps and constricts the ureters thereby causing obstructive uropathy.
Retroperitoneal fibrosis -
It is a nonspecific, nonsuppurative inflammation of fibro-adipose tissue of unknown cause that produces symptoms by ... | Surgery | null |
42d6390f-2c22-40fc-b328-91ce816c247c | Which of the following is the MOST common type of female pelvis? | Gynecoid | Anthropoid | Android | Platypelloid | 0a | single | Gynecoid is the most common type of female pelvis. In this type of pelvis the inlet is oval or round. In the midpelvis, sides of the pelvis are straight and the spines are not prominent. At the outlet the pubic arch is wide and the sacrum is neither inclined anteriorly nor posteriorly. The configuration of this type of... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
344d849d-fe32-41d8-853f-b02b41028d71 | A 35 years old male comes with complain of baldness. On examination, well-defined bald patches were seen with no scarring. Small broken hairs were seen in the surrounding area. What is the likely diagnosis? | Androgenetic alopecia | Alopecia areata | Anagen effluvium | Telogen Effluvium | 1b | multi | Ans: B. Alopecia areata(Ref Rooks 8/e p66.13, Fitzpatrick 6/e p732)Findings are highly suggestive of alopecia areata.The scalp appears normal in alopecia areata.In affected areas, anagen is abruptly terminated prematurely and affected hairs move prematurely into telogen, with resultant often precipitous hair shedding.T... | Skin | null |
3c1f53d2-1eff-4a95-b61d-648a67c9e993 | Antiepileptic of choice in post diabetic peripheral neuropathy? | Pregabalin | Amitryptyline | Carbamazepine | Duloxetine | 0a | single | Ans. (a) PregabalinRef: Harrison's Internal Medicine 18/e, chapter 344, p 2984 | Medicine | Seizures and Epilepsy |
e7eb4966-860c-4cda-9f09-698e382b6be9 | A patient has small, oval multiple ulcers in oral cavity with red erythematous margins. The diagnosis is ? | Carcinoma | Aphthous ulcer | Tubercular ulcer | Syphilitic ulcer | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Aphthous ulcer Aphthous ulcers They are painful, recurrent, superficial ulcers, usually involving movable mucosa, i.e. inner surfaces of lips buccal mucosa, tongue, floor of mouth and soft palate while sparing mucosa of the hard palate and gingivae. It has 2 forms - minor & major In the minor form, wh... | Surgery | null |
852a8a3d-d0eb-40c1-9c02-73bee8178aa5 | Uterine-cervix ratio upto 10 years is: | 2:01 | 1:02 | 3:01 | 3:02 | 1b | single | Explanation: Age Uterus:cervix ratio Before pubey 1:2 At pubey 2:1 Adults in reproductive age 3:1 to 4:1 After menopause Generalised atrophy Ref: ANATOMY Shaw 15th edition page: 8. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
25343dd1-4569-4074-8725-88011983a38d | 'Marchiaa-Bignami' syndrome is | Also called hospital addiction | Related to alcoholism | Congenital | Related to opium withdrawal | 1b | multi | It is a complication of alcoholism Marchiaa-Bignami disease is a progressive neurological disease characterized by corpus Callosum demyelination and necrosis and subsequent atrophy. Ref - Harrison 20th edition pg3112 | Medicine | All India exam |
329edf54-1279-45d3-863f-625cb64001aa | An 81-year-old female falls and presents to the emergency department. What injury to this tissue or structure causes lower leg extremities to be externally rotated? | Sacroiliac joint | Neck of femur | Lateral meniscus | Intertrochanteric | 2c | multi | Both subcapital and intertrochanteric fractures present with external rotation of the lower extremity. The lateral rotators are attached to the bone distal to the fracture line to cause this typical clinical sign. Trochanteric fractures have a better prognosis because the blood supply to the proximal segment remains in... | Surgery | Trauma |
6555d05a-081c-4e90-b801-61bb89c95cec | Reinke's layer seen in: | Vocal cord | Tympanic membrane | Cochlea | Reissner's membrane | 0a | single | Reinke's edema is the build-up of a gelatinous substance in the layer right underneath the surface lining of the vocal folds (superficial lamina propria orReinke's space). It may occur in one or both vocal folds. The superficial lamina propria, or Reinke's space, is not an empty space. | ENT | null |
9f9b323d-577d-410b-b1c5-1e72d4541a43 | 'Row of tombstones' appearance is seen in : | Irritant dermatitis | Pemphigus | Pemphigoid | Harpes zoster | 1b | single | B. i.e. Pemphigus | Skin | null |
54aefb9f-0060-4922-86d5-4e9e65fdfbea | The absolute indications for dialysis include the following except - | Persistent Hyperkalaemia | Congestive cardiac failure | Pulmonary edema | Hyperphosphatemia | 3d | multi | Answer- D. HyperphosphatemiaPericarditis or pleuritis (urgent indication).Progressive uremic encephalopathy or neuropathyPersistent metabolic disturbancesFluid overload refractory to diuretics.Hypeension poorly responsive to antihypeensive medications.Persistent nausea and vomiting. | Medicine | null |
edde6c70-edc4-41f9-bd2a-c96a2a2397b1 | Apocrine mode of secretion is classically seen in _______ glands? | Mammary | Sebaceous | Parotid | Meibomian gland | 0a | multi | Apocrine mode of secretion is seen in Mammary gland Modes of Secretion of exocrine glands can be classified as - Merocrine Apocrine Holocrine | Dental | Disorders of sebaceous and sweat glands |
9cfaf46e-8735-4c37-8570-d127e17812aa | CongenitalA-V fistulas in the thigh will be associated with all except - | Increased cardiac output | Increased skin temperature | Gigantism of limb | Superficial venous engorgement | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Increased skin temperature | Surgery | null |
a4b1e523-853a-405f-9935-d9abd23dc1ea | Treatment of Acute lymphangitis requires ? | Antibiotic and rest | Immediate lymphangiography | Immediate multiple incisions | No special treatment | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Antibiotic and rest | Surgery | null |
afb2ec17-ea70-4bed-b791-3edb0d5e7579 | Gastric tetany is due to - | Increased intestinal acidity | Vagal Hyperactivity | Increased Calcium Sequestration | Decreased Calcium absorption | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Decreased Calcium absorption I could not find the answer but here is what I know Gastric tetanv is tetany due to disorders of stomach, especially with loss of HC1 by vomiting. | Surgery | null |
3965fdc8-7a09-4ffe-88d2-88bd402e63e5 | Breast Ca is not a/w - | BRCA 1 & BRCA 2 | Apocrine metaplasia | Atypical ductal hyperplasia | All | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Apocrine metaplasiao Apocrine metaplasia and fibroadenoma (without atypical features) do not increase the risk of breast cancer.o Atypical epithelial hyperplasia moderately increases the risk and moderate to florid epithelial hyperplasia slightlyincreases the risk for breast carcinoma.o Mutations in B... | Pathology | null |
70db1adc-1b39-4f5a-a757-0815dbff2df2 | Rapid Reduction of blood pressure is indicated in : | Acute Aoic Dissection | Hypeensive Encephalopathy | Intracercbral haemorrhage | All of the above | 3d | multi | Answer is D (All of the above) Acute Aoic Dissection, Hypeensive Encephalopathy and Intracerbral haemorrhage are all hypeensive emergenices that require rapid reduction of blood pressure Indications for rapid reduction of BP Rapid reduction of blood pressure is indicated in hypeensive emergencies and hypeensive urgenci... | Medicine | null |
c46e998b-1bb0-4452-a79a-e45eecec57a8 | Fibrinogen degradation products help in detection of | DIC | Hemophilia | TTP | ITP | 0a | single | DIC - Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Multiple coagulation factors are consumed and are therefore deficient
Plasminogen bound to platelet-fibrin thrombi is converted to plasmin by plasminogen activators
Plasmin cleaves fibrinogen as well as fibrin to generate fibrin degradation products. | Pathology | null |
809f995e-7ab5-4f85-9b8b-09c2e54fd982 | Who propounded the germ theory of disease - | Leeuwenhoek | Robert koch | Ambroise Pare | Louis Pasteur | 3d | single | Louis Pasteur (1822-1895) demonstrated by the presence of bacteria in the air, thereby disproving the theory of “spontaneous generation” and proposed “germ theory of disease” | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
8ab72111-a3e3-4d1b-8c0b-84169ef1ae1d | Which of the following will cause Lathyrism | Kesari dhal | Mung dhal | chana dhal | Udardhal | 0a | single | Ans) a (Kesari dhal) Ret Park 20th Edn P 558, 559Toxic principle is Beta oxalyl amino alanirie the diet containing over 30% of this dhal if taken over a period of 2-6 month will result in neurolathyrism.The disease mainly affects young males and manifests itself in stages.Interventions* Vitamin C prophylaxis* Banning t... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and Health |
bb9f545c-d992-4fbf-8a46-413fb4db6b5c | TRUE statement about achalasia cardia is: | Achalasia is a common disorder | Loss of ganglion cells within the esophageal myenteric plexus | Excess LES relaxation is the major pathology | Latent infection with rubella virus is responsible for it | 1b | multi | Achalasia is a rare disease It is caused by loss of the ganglion cells within the esophageal myenteric plexus With long-standing disease, viual aganglionosis is noted. Pathology: Impaired deglutitive LES relaxation and absent peristalsis. It is believed that cause of ganglion cell degeneration in achalasia is an autoim... | Medicine | null |
d5a5b0d8-36da-48ea-8a01-c197d4652ffc | A 48-yrs-old male alcoholic with cirrhosis has bilateral gynecomastia. Which physical findings has the same pathogenesis as gynecomastia? | Caput medusae | Asterixis | Ascites | Spider angioma | 3d | single | Gynecomastia in male cirrhotics is caused by hyperestrinism secondaty to the inability of the liver to metabolize estrogens. Hyperestrinism results in the development of female secondary sex characteristics, palmar erythema, spider angioma, and testicular atrophy caused by decreased testosterone. | Unknown | null |
e6d3571a-d5e6-4daf-8949-fafb06981f51 | Skin and facia of great toe drains into | Veical group of superficial inguinal lymph node | Horizontal group of superficial inguinal lymph node | Obturator lymph nodes | Deep inguinal lymph nodes | 0a | single | The superficial inguinal lymph nodes form a chain immediately below the inguinal ligament. They lie deep to Camper&;s fascia which overlies the femoral vessels at medial aspect of the thigh. They are found in the triangle bounded by the inguinal ligament superiorly, the border of the saorius muscle laterally, and the a... | Anatomy | Lower limb |
8775df43-990f-4483-a7c4-4a115796c2a3 | Obesity in a child of age 2 years is defined as: | Weight for height more than double of expected | Weight for age more than double of expected | BMI >30 | BMI >95th percentile | 3d | single | d. BMI >95th percentile(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 307-315, Ghai 8/e p 528-529)Obesity in children is defined as BMI >95th percentile; Body mass index (BMI) is equal to weight/height2 (in kg/m2). | Pediatrics | Endocrinology |
208c1491-3637-4305-8944-226459887ef3 | Propoion of area from middle of curve to +1 standard detion- | 0.68 | 0.17 | 0.12 | 0.34 | 3d | single | Ref:Parks 23rd edition pg 849. 1SD : confidence limit = 68% 2SD : confidence limit = 95% 3SD : confidence limit = 99.7% +/- 1SD: includes 68% of values, so +1SD will include half of it = 34% | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
fc4f7069-ccbb-4b83-9ae6-4ae512ed6eaf | Red keratic precipitates are seen in - | Granulomatous uveits | Hemorrhagic uveitis | Old healed uveitis | Acute anterior uveitis | 1b | single | Red KPs: These are formed when in addition to inflammatory cells, RBCs also take pa in composition. They may be seen in haemorrhagic uveitis. | Ophthalmology | Uveal tract |
c6748709-6298-4e73-853d-8b1fee7f991d | In right middle ear pathology, Weber's test will be: | Normal | Centralised | Lateralised to right side | Lateralised to left side | 2c | single | In Weber's test, tuning fork is placed on the forehead or vertex in the midline. Sound is conducted equally to both ears through bone vibration. In a normal person, the sound is centralised as it is heard equally in both ears.In conductive deafness, sound is localised to the affected ear (in this case right ear) becaus... | ENT | Ear |
802b2d8d-6422-48ab-8413-b6aa4af426c3 | Which of the following statements about GLUT is false? | GLUT-2 is needed in brain | GLUT-3 is present in placenta | GLUT-4 is present in adipose tissue | GLUT-3 is present in both intestine and testis | 0a | multi | GluT2 present in the serosal surface of intestinal cells, liver, beta cells of the pancreas. GluT3 present in neurons, and brainRef: DM Vasudevan, 7th edition, page no: 106 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of carbohydrate |
4e0bffa5-ef60-4b1b-9755-389e4e93809c | Nerve supply to musculature of urinary bladder is ? | Symphathetic | Parasympathetic | Both | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., BothParasympathetic supply is motor to detrusor muscle and inhibitory to sphinchter vesicae. Sympathetic supply is motor to sphincter vesicae and inhibitory to detrusor muscle.Nerve supply of bladderBladder is supplied by both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers.Parasympathetic : Preganglionic fibe... | Anatomy | null |
681ba8a4-9b92-47f2-8820-efb59a6c9ced | A 45-year-old chronic alcoholic male is brought to the emergency department with an alleged history of assaulting his neighbor. On examination, he is found to have irrelevant talk. He had not consumed alcohol for the past 4 days. He is diagnosed as a case of delirium tremens. In this condition, the person is: | Criminally responsible for his act | Partially responsible for his act | Has diminished responsibility of his act | Not responsible for his act under section 84, IPC | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Not responsible for his act tinder section 84, IPC (Ref: Reddy 33/e p493, 29/e p432)"Delirium tremens is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal that involves sudden and severe mental or nervous system changes. It is considered as unsoundness of mind and not of intoxication. Thus if delirium tremens can be proved, ... | Forensic Medicine | Law & Medicine, Identification, Autopsy & Burn |
a04e1a1f-4c4c-493d-b153-82313b5addd7 | Loss of hetrozygosity associated with ? | Acute myeloid leukemia | ALL | Retinoblastoma | Promyelocitic leukemia | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Retinoblastoma Retinoblastoma is a prime example of a tumour which is associated with loss of heterozygosity. This term is mostly used in the context of oncogenesis. o The mutations required to produce retinoblastomes involves the RB gene located on chromosome 13 q14. o RB gene is a tumour suppressor ... | Pathology | null |
5a02ed5c-f452-4fd5-82f5-b775f2b3ab9a | A 40-year female has to undergo incisional surgery under general anesthesia. She complains of awaken during her past cesarean section. Which of the following monitoring techniques can be used to prevent such awareness? | Color Doppler | Bispectral index monitoring | Transesophageal echocardiography | Pulse plethysmography | 1b | single | Ans. b. Bispectral index monitoring (Ref: Morgan 4/144-146; Lee's 12/e p146, 286, 447)Use of the bispectral index (BIS), developed front a processed electroencephalogram, has been reported to decrease the incidence of anesthesia awareness when the BIS value is maintained below 60.Bispectral Index Scale (BIS)It is based... | Anaesthesia | Miscellaneous General Anesthesia |
42e9a245-8a62-42b4-9bc1-4c3bf7f5b64b | The kebab treatment is used for treatment of which of the following conditions | Paget's disease | Osteoahritis | Myositis ossificans | Osteogenesis imperfecta | 3d | single | Osteogenesis imperfecta is characterized by multiple fractures and multiple deformities and one of the surgical treatment devised is the kebab treatment which consists of multiple osteotomies and threading of the multiple fragments over an intramedullary implant, thus a fanciful resemblance to the delicacy. | Pathology | All India exam |
7011e887-803e-439e-9b20-37ea7dca95bd | A patient comes to hospital with a history of sore throat, diarrhea and sexual contact 2 weeks before. The best investigation to rule out HIV is - | p24 antigen assay | ELISA | Western blot | Lymph node biopsy | 0a | single | The p24 antigen can be detected during window period, during which antibodies are not demonstrated in the serum. So, used for early detection. The p24 antigen appears within 2 weeks (average 16 days) after infection. So, it is the best investigation to rule out HIV among the options given above. Note: Nucleic acid test... | Microbiology | Virology Pa-2 (RNA Virus Pa-1,2 & Miscellaneous Viruses) |
69b1b147-ad35-4899-bec8-ffd8b30c4e8f | Lesion in the optic chiasma causes | Bitemporal hemianopia | Upper nasal | Lower nasal | Upper temporal | 0a | single | A i.e. Bitemporal hemianopia | Ophthalmology | null |
8a82f9e4-b38f-43f6-9d8d-4ef8a6a4bcbf | 40-year male patient who was a known smoker presents in AIIMS OPD with fever, latigue, jaundice, yellow colored urine with clay colored stools. For the past few days he had developed aversion to cigarette smoking. On examination scleral icterus was present. LFT are:Total Bill18.5Direct Bill7.5SGOT723SGPT812What investi... | HBsAg, IgM antiHBC, AntiHCV AntiHEV | AntiHAV, HBsAg, IgM antiHBc, AntiHCV | HBsAg, IgM antiHBC,AntiHDV AntiHCV AntiHEV | AntiHAV IgMantiHBC, AntiHCV, AntiHEV. | 1b | single | Ans: B. AntiHAV, HBsAg, IgM antiHBc, AntiHCVRef: Harrison, I8't' ed., pg. 328, 2549-2552, 2550t, 2551tHB- sAgIgM Anti- HAVIgM Anti- HBcAnti-HCVDiagnostic Interpretation+ + Acute hepatitis B Chronic hepatitis B++ Acute hepatitis A superim? posed on chronic hepatitis B+++ Acute hepatitis A and B--+ Acute hepatitis A--++ ... | Medicine | null |
9d63a551-761a-4db0-b8f5-fb9bfe7fe449 | Parathormone increases calcium absorption by acting at ? | PCT | DCT | Loop of henle | Collecting duct | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., DCT ParatharmoneParatharmone is 84 aminoacid polypeptide hormone secreted from parathyroid glands.Its secretion is regulated by plasma Ca++ concentration -- fall in Ca++ concentration increases the secretion of paratharmone.ActionsPTH increases resorption of calcium from bone - most prominant action.P... | Physiology | null |
e65fe6c0-a2e9-4267-812e-45f7ceb3b4b6 | Not seen in serotonin withdrawal is? | Nausea | Irritability | Vivid dreams | Flushing | 1b | single | Flushing REF: Harrison 17th ed t-e-35-4 "Flushing is seen in serotonin toxicity and not withdrawal" Serotonin withdrawal: Symptoms described as "brain zaps", "brain shocks", "brain shivers", "head shocks", or "cranial zings" are a withdrawal symptom experienced during discontinuation (or reduction of dose) of antidepre... | Surgery | null |
ab5375ef-8f5d-4f38-8a8c-91c0da6ac2dc | In which of the following rigor mois is not seen? | Well built male | Well built female | Old patient> 80 years | Fetus <7 months | 3d | single | Rigor mois is not seen in fetus less than 7 months. It develops slowly and is marked in healthy adults. It is feeble and rapid in infants. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 27 th edition pg. 80. | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
c122415e-cc6a-48cf-a112-0dc7369dca9d | Maximum absorption of short chain fatty acids produced by bacteria occurs in the | Colon | Duodenum | Jejunum | Ileum | 0a | single | A. (Colon) (475. Ganong 22nd) / (458 - Ganong 23rd)Short-chain Fatty Acids in the colon (SCFAs) are produced in the colon and absorbed from it *** ** Absorption of long chain FA is greatest in the upper parts of the small intestine* Average normal concentration of about 80 mmol/ L in the lumen* About 60% of this total ... | Physiology | G.I.T. |
0096fa6d-65d0-4de9-bbf7-57a73b0df7ba | According to 'Biomedical concept' health is? | Relative absence of pain and discomfo | Absence of disease | A sound mind in sound body, in a sound family, in sound environment | None | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Absence of disease | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9f48500a-add3-4668-a297-3bb69833c8a1 | Following gene when mutated, protects tumor cells from Apoptosis | BCL-2 | BRCA | RB | TGF-b | 0a | single | Ans. (a) BCL-2(Ref: Robbins 9th/pg 594-595)BCL2 antagonizes apoptosis and promotes survival of follicular lymphoma cells.BCL stands for 'B Cell Lymphoma' | Pathology | Misc. (W.B.C) |
5a726423-4ba5-4d5d-8e8c-2e7d7ea1ce04 | Method to represent qualitative data - | Histogram | Comulative frequency curve | Frequency polygon | Bar Chart | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Bar Chart DataScaleGraph/DiagramQuantitativeInterval scale Ratio scaleHistogram Frequency polygon frequency curves line chart scatter diagram Cumulative frequency Curve Line Chart graphQualitativeNominal scale Ordinal scaleBar diagram Pie chart PictogramMap diagram or spot map | Social & Preventive Medicine | Data Variables |
e744b2f1-a8d7-46ad-95d8-b8a357747e8b | A 15-year-old female presents with primary amenorrhea. Her breasts are Tanner 4 but she has no axillary or pubic hair. The most likely diagnosis is: | Turner's syndrome | Mullerian agenesis | Testicular feminization syndrome | Premature ovarian failure | 2c | single | Ans. is c, i.e. Testicular feminization syndromeRef: Novak 14th/ed, p1037-1038When a female comes with complain of primary amenorrhea the first thing to do is see her secondary sexual characteristics:* In Turner's Syndrome all secondary sexual characteristics are absent where as in the question the female has proper br... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Sex Intersexuality |
17946f81-1176-46f2-a290-6491c147abc8 | Which of the following tumor causes polycythemia due to increased erythropoietin production? | Cerebellar hemangioblastoma | Medulloblastoma | Ependymoma | Oligodendroglioma | 0a | single | Secondary erythrocytosis involves increased erythropoietin (EPO) signalling in the bone marrow. Several types of neoplasm are known to produce excess EPO, including renal cell carcinoma, uterine fibroids, hemangioblastoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. EPO production can also be increased following renal transplant Ref... | Pathology | null |
0ba29c66-1d9d-42f7-8b9e-c80710d430f5 | What is false regarding dentate line: | Glands of Morgagni open below the line | Anal glands open at the line | Dentate line lies 2 cms above the anal verge | Transitional epithelium lies above the dentate line | 3d | multi | D. i.e. Transitional epithelium lies above the dentate line | Anatomy | null |
a8463c94-e7de-4e87-b3e2-b9c71d34a14f | Griffith experiment was done on ? | Streptococcus | Pneumococcus | Enterococcus | Staphylococcus | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Pneumococcus In 1928, Frederick Griffith's experiment first demonstrated transformation in streptococcus pneumoniae.Frederick Griffith's experiment on pneumococcus (streptococcus pneumoniae) proved that genetic characters are transmitted from one generation to the other through transformation. | Microbiology | null |
eb5772d5-41a2-40b1-973c-e31eddb16f88 | Corynebacterium diphtheriae can be grown within 6-8 hour on | Potassiu, tellurite media with iron | McConkey's agar | Dorset egg medium | Loeffler's serum slope | 3d | single | The usual media employed for the cultivation of diphtheria bacilli are Loeffler's serum slope and Tellurite blood agar. Loeffler's serum slope: Diphtheria bacilli grow on Loeffler's serum slope very rapidly and colonies can be seen in 6-8 hours, long before other bacteria grow. Colonies are first small, circular white ... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
c4488314-fa71-4f95-badd-13ecf7d3fdd3 | Not a baby friendly hospital recommendation ? | Breast feeding with half-hour of bih | Breast feeding on demand | Use of aificial teats when required | No oral feed other than breast milk | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Use of aificial teats when required Baby friendly hospital initiatives Baby friendly hospital initiative (BFHI) was launched for promotion, protection and suppo of breastfeeding. It was launched by WHO and UNICEF. BFHI has listed following ten steps, which the hospital must fulfill. Have a written bre... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
63f483c7-82cf-472e-a85b-f619da9ed415 | What is the COMMONEST cause of primary amenorrhea with ambiguous genitalia in a female with 46XX chromosome? | 21 hydroxylase def | 17 hydroxylase def | 11 hydroxylase def | Desmolase hydrolase def | 0a | single | 21 hydroxylase deficiency is the most common cause of androgenization in chromosomal 46 XX females. In this condition there is a block in the synthesis of glucocoicoid and mineralocoicoid and increase in the level of 17 hydroxyprogesterone. Increased androgen synthesis in utero causes androgenization of the female fetu... | Physiology | null |
61d7eb22-8729-4e4a-8523-e13c7559ff93 | All of the following changes are seen in dysplasia of squamo-columnar junction, except : | Breaking of basement membrane | Change of epithelium | Hyperchromatic nuclei | Increased mitotic figure | 0a | multi | Ans. is a i.e. Breaking of basement membrane Friends before discussing the answer to this question lets first have a look at some impoant terms and their meaning i. Cervical metaplasia :The cervix is composed of columnar epithelium which lines the Endocervix and squamous epithelium which covers the Ectocervix. The poin... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0df81e0b-355e-4585-82d4-f563f43d2988 | Most common cause of unilateral proptosis in adults is - | Thyroid ophthalmopathy | Rhabdomyosarcoma | Orbital blow out fracture | Orbital cellulitis | 0a | single | Ans. is a i.e., Thyroid ophthalmopathy * The most common cause of unilateral proptosis in children is orbital cellulitis* The most common cause of unilateral proptosis in adults is thyroid ophthalmopathy.* Most common cause of bilateral proptosis in children ->> Neuroblastoma (me), Leukemia (Chloroma)* Most common caus... | Ophthalmology | Orbit |
62c16db5-644f-44fc-b389-11480a18dfa4 | A method of strangulation of neck by the bend of elbow is called | Mugging | Garroting | Bansdola | Throttling | 0a | multi | Refer the byte "Hanging and Strangulation". | Forensic Medicine | null |
0391e13d-48ee-4b9e-b03b-dbe593e929e7 | Muscles derived from visceral splanchnic lateral plate mesoderm is- | myoepitheliocytes of skin glands | iris muscles | smooth muscles of gut tube | detrusor | 2c | single | Lateral plate mesoderm:- somatic mesoderm (dorsal) ventral visceral mesoderm SOMATIC MESODERM VISCERAL MESODERM parietal layers of pleura, peritoneum, pericardium visceral layers of pleura, peritoneum, pericardium visceral muscles- cardiac muscles of CV tube, smooth muscles of gut tube, respiratory tube EXCEPTIONS- myo... | Anatomy | General Embryology 2 |
5eaf4b28-096e-4e29-8d8f-e81bc46e456a | NADPH oxidase deficiency causes: | Chedickhigasi syndrome | Chronic granulomatous disease | Leucocyte adhesion defect type 1 | Leucocyte adhesion defect type 2 | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) Chronic granulomatous diseaseREF: Medical biochemistry at a glance J. G. Salway page 47, The Metabolic basis of inherited disease John Bruton Stanbury page 1971Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare, X-linked deficiency of NADPH oxidase activity which drastically impairs the ability of macrophages and neut... | Biochemistry | Miscellaneous (Bio-Chemistry) |
dc8193fb-e33a-4a5d-ac28-8fa87b52401b | Which among the following is not a branch of Arch of Aorta? | Brachiocephalic | Right common carotid | Left common carotid | Left Subclavian | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) Right common carotidREF: Keith L. Moore 4th edition page 103The branches of the arch of the aorta are:Brachiocephalic trunk.Left common carotid artery.Left subclavian artery.The brachiocephalic trunk, the first and largest branch of the arch, arises posterior to the manubrium, where it lies anterior to the ... | Anatomy | Blood Vessels of Thorax |
e3b5fcf8-7303-4b48-9382-a123cc4676e0 | Not seen in cushing's syndrome: March 2009 | Hypeension | Weight gain | Hirsutism | Hypoglycemia | 3d | single | Ans. D: Hypoglycemia Symptoms of Cushing's syndrome include rapid weight gain, paicularly of the trunk and face with sparing of the limbs (central obesity). A common sign is the growth of fat pads along the collar bone and on the back of the neck (buffalo hump) and a round face often referred to as a "moon face". Other... | Medicine | null |
d26e15bd-2d51-4211-9fa5-bb591a1c4a5d | If a 95% confidence Interval for prevalence of cancer smokers aged > 65 years is 56% to 76%, the chance that the prevalance could be less than 56% is ? | Nil | 44% | 2.50% | 5% | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 2.5% In this questions: 56 to 76 confidence interval covers 95% (2SD) of values. That means 5% of values will fall outside the range of 56-76 --4 2.5% values will be below 56 and 2.5% values will be above 76. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
1d3d342b-c8c8-4b75-9188-a13c5d0165ea | Minimal reabsorption from kidney is of - | Na+ | Glucose | HCO3- | Urea | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Urea Renal handling of various plasma constrituents in a normal adult human on an average diet. Per 24 Hours SubstanceFitteredReabsorbedSecretedExcretedPercentage ReabsorbedNa+ (mEq)26,00025,850 15099.4K+(mEq)600560a5029093.3C1- (mEq)18,00017,850 15099.2HCO3-mEq)4,9004,900 0100Urea (mmol)870460 b 4105... | Physiology | Renal Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion |
2605967e-d4d7-465c-964d-68bda01ebfaa | Prerenal and renal azotemia is differentiated on the basis of: | Creatinine clearance | Serum creatinine level | Sodium fraction excretion | Urine bicarbonate level | 2c | single | Answer is C (Sodium Fraction Excretion): | Medicine | null |
da593547-dcce-4f8d-9517-9cfbb34f20c3 | Primary Membranous Nephropathy has antibodies against ? | Phospholipase Al receptor | Phospholipase A2 receptor | Phospholipase A3 receptor | Phospholipase A4 receptor | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Phospholipase A2 receptorPrimary Membranous NephropathyPrimary (also called idiopathic) membranous nephropathy is considered to be an autoimmune disease linked to ceain HLA alleles such as HLA-DQA1 and caused in most cases by antibodies to a renal autoantigen.In many adult cases the autoantigen is the... | Pathology | null |
78321c6d-8d6f-458e-ba35-fabf54a20e05 | Which of the following should be considered as the cause of generalized convulsions 20 minutes postoperatively? | Halothane | Enflurane | Isoflurance | Sevoflurane | 1b | single | Enflurane can precipitate seizures in epileptic patients and hence is usually avoided in them. Whereas the rest of the given drugs do not provoke seizures. From padmaja 4th edition Page no 190,191 | Pharmacology | Anesthesia |
da845024-bc4b-4c3f-b874-db4c4d0790e1 | False about acute tubular necrosis | BUN/Creat>20 | Una > 40 | FeNa > 2% | Ucr/Pcr<40 | 0a | multi | BUN/Creat < 20 in ATN.
BUN/Creat > 20 in pre-renal failure. | Medicine | null |
59ae6373-0497-4761-994f-1cd60fc5503c | Cyclic GMP act on : | Insulin | Thyroxin | Atrial natriuretic peptide | Growth harmone | 2c | single | C i.e. Atrial natriuretic peptide | Physiology | null |
e969f78d-9c58-47a6-86f8-9939c855aa2f | A patient with dermatomyositis repos improvement of symptoms on steroids for last 6 months. Labs did today show Creatine kinase of 1300 Units/L. What is the next step in the management? | Continue the same dose of steroids | Raise dose of steroids | Sta mycophenolate | Perform muscle biopsy | 0a | multi | The main objective of treatment in dermatomyositis is to improve muscle strength and reduce extra-muscular symptoms. Serum CK levels are monitored however dose adjustment of Steroids and other immuno-therapies are primarily based on the clinical examination and not CK levels. When no response is noted after adequate ph... | Medicine | Channelopathies and Neuropathies |
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