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ee3eaa23-1df8-4e37-8892-368b42e3b691 | Cervical carcinoma arises from | Squamocolumnar junction | Isthmus | Cervical anterior lip | Internal os | 0a | single | Carcinoma of cervix arise from the Squamocolumnar juction Vagina and Ectocervix are covered by stratified squamous epithelium and the endocervix is covered by columnar epithelium. The two meet at squamocolumnar junction which is dynamic. Reference : Textbook of Gynaecology; Sheila balakrishnan; 2nd edition; Pg no:257 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
f2c922a9-fee8-4f30-8111-d1748567e8ab | Ciprofloxacin should not be given to an asthmatic using theophylline because: | Ciprofloxacin inhibits theophylline metabolism | Theophylline inhibits ciprofloxacin metabolism | Ciprofloxacin decreases effect of theophylline | Theophylline induces metabolism of ciprofloxacin | 0a | single | Ans. (A) Ciprofloxacin inhibits theophylline metabolism(Ref: KDT 8/e p761)Theophylline has a narrow margin of safety (low therapeutic index) Ciprofloxacin inhibits theophylline metabolism and increases its plasma level leading to toxicity. Thus, ciprofloxacin should not be given to an asthmatic using theophylline. | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy: General Principles |
62a878bd-9713-4806-a13e-e4232ad1ee59 | Prominent eosinophilic secretory granules are seen in the paneth cells of the intestinal crypts. What is secreted from the cells? | Mucus | Antibacterial like lysozyme | Alkaline fluid | Acidic fluid | 1b | single | Paneth cells (zymogen cells) are found only in the deeper pas of the intestinal crypts. They contain prominent eosinophilic secretory granules. On examination, they are seen to contain considerable rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) with other organelles and some irregular microvilli. The cells are rich in zinc. They are... | Physiology | null |
6d47b330-3bd9-4e7c-95b6-3e53d8359882 | Lateral medullary syndrome is due to? | Posterior inferior cerebellar aery | Anterior inferior cerebellar aery | Basilar aery | Veebral aery | 3d | single | Veebral aery REF: Harrison's Internal Medicine 17th ed Chapter 364. Cerebrovascular Diseases, Brainstem disorders by Peter P Urban, Louis R Caplan page 205-207. See previous question for table of Brainstem syndromes Embolic occlusion or thrombosis of a V4 segment causes ischemia of the lateral medulla. The constellatio... | Surgery | null |
f11c80b3-1cbf-4200-b3b8-3f7a5b9f8586 | In the walking bleach technique: | It uses a heat treatment | It requires the patient to report in 24 hours | Can be done with 35 percent hydrogen peroxide | It uses a mixture of sodium perborate and hydrogen peroxide | 3d | single | Hydrogen Peroxide can be used alone or mixed with sodium perborate into a paste for use in the “walking bleach technique”.
Ref :Grossman’s endodontics,13th edition, pg no:504 | Dental | null |
3a93cf2a-6426-4a69-afa2-614234074ff1 | Mechanism of action of cyanide poisoning: September 2010 | Inhibits protein breakdown | Inhibits DNA synthesis | Inhibits protein syntheisi | Blocks Cytochrome enzyme P- 450 | 3d | single | Ans. D: Blocks Cytochrome enzyme P- 450 Cyanide poisoning occurs when a living organism is exposed to a compound that produces cyanide ions (CN-) when dissolved in water. Common poisonous cyanide compounds include hydrogen cyanide gas and the crystalline solids potassium cyanide and sodium cyanide. The cyanide ion halt... | Forensic Medicine | null |
77fac512-342e-4bd2-a8b0-184ac257a2ac | Migration motor complex is due to which of the following? | Gastrin | CCK | Motilin | VIP | 2c | single | The migrating motor complex is a distinct pattern of electromechanical activity observed in gastrointestinal smooth muscle during the periods between meals. It is thought to serve a "housekeeping" role and sweep residual undigested material through the digestive tube Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology ... | Physiology | G.I.T |
363e9fd8-c24a-4794-8880-1d75f89da04a | In a toddler few drops of blood was noticed per rectally. What can be the most probable diagnosis among the conditions given below? | Adenomatous polyposis coli | Juvenile Rectal polyp | Rectal ulcer | Piles | 1b | multi | This child is most likely suffering from juvenile polyp. Adenomatous polyposis coli, rectal ulcer and piles are diseases of the adults. Juvenile polyp is a benign, pedunculated and solitary lesion occuring mainly in the rectosigmoid colon. t is usually seen in children between 3 to 5 years of age, and is rare before 1 ... | Surgery | null |
1ded65c9-c557-4c3f-9fab-dcb6aec845c5 | The triad of 'saturnine gout' + hypeension + renal failure is seen in? | Diabetic nephropathy with hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism | Lead nephropathy | Sickle cell nephropathy | Aristolochic acid nephropathy | 1b | single | Saturnine gout Cause - Lead toxicity Symptoms - Symptoms of lead toxicity precede the development of gout. Hence patient will have anemia, basophilic stippling of RBC, abdominal pain and nerve palsy The damage to kidney will lead to hypeension and progressive renal malfunction. Knee joint involvement is more common tha... | Medicine | Chronic Kidney Disease & Diabetic Nephropathy |
33560010-3545-48e2-b9ba-8856d4767bc6 | Which is the most common syndrome associated with focal seizures with dyscognitive features in adults? | Lennox Gastaut syndrome | Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy | Rolandic epilepsy | Epilepsia Paialis Continua | 1b | single | M/C syndrome associated with focal seizures with dyscognitive features is Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. * Febrile convulsion * Focal seizures with impaired awareness "Automatism" * EEG - Temporal (U/L or B/L) spikes *MRI - Hippocampal sclerosis * Lennox Gastaut syndrome is seen in children and presents with multiple s... | Medicine | Epilepsy and EEG |
523195d4-2b03-4e4f-89d1-9052e180d46a | Fatal dose of arsenic trioxide in adults: AIIMS 14 | 20-30 mg | 50-60 mg | 60-80 mg | 120-200 mg | 3d | single | Ans. 120-200 mg | Forensic Medicine | null |
a5b886d2-5756-4d86-ac2c-1ddbb188602a | Proprioception is carried by which fibers- | Fasciculus cuneatus and fasciculus gracilis | Anterior spinothalamic tract | Lateral spinothalamic tract | Spinocerebellar tract | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Fasciculus cuneatus and fasciculus gracilis Posterior column (Dorsal column) (Fasciculus Gracilis and Fasciculus Cuneatus) carries* Proprioception (Position of body or limb, position of joint)* Vibration* Fine touch (two point discrimination, topognosis, stereognosis)* Kinesthesia | Anatomy | Neuroanatomy |
330425f2-8670-428a-a005-de13911d821c | Lucio reaction is seen in - | TB | Leprosy | Syphillis | LGV | 1b | single | Ans is 'b' i.e., Leprosy Lucio reaction/phenomenono Seen in untreated cases of lepromatous leprosy (LL).o Patients develop recurrent crops of large, sharply marginated, ulcerative lesions, particularly on lower extremities,o It is due to heavy parasitism of endothelial cells, endothelial proliferation and thrombus form... | Skin | C. Mycobacteria |
75b50a89-939c-4746-92bf-e1c30d91f634 | Corticosteroids cause which ty pe of cataract - | Cortical | Nuclear | Posteriorsubcapsular | Anteriorsubcapsular | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Posterior subcapsular o Corticosteroid induced cataract is posterior subcapsular cataract.Types of CataractCausesPosterior subcapsularMyotoic dystrophy, Wilson's disease, DM, Atopic dermatitis, Down's syndrome, Corticosteroids, Busulfan, Chloroquine, Trauma, Ionizing radiation , Galactosemia, Senile c... | Ophthalmology | Acquired Cataract |
7b4425c5-cae4-4fe8-8966-4e463075f3cf | ECT is contraindicated in: | Intracranial SOL | Pregnancy | Cardiac disease | Psychosis | 0a | single | Intracranial SOL | Psychiatry | null |
71b71f4f-e726-4620-aa72-aaf1bfd63001 | In which of the following condition does oxygen dissociation curve shifts to right? | Hyperkalemia | Hypokalemia | Metabolic alkalosis | Anemia | 3d | single | Shift of oxygen dissociation curve to the right is caused by factors that decrease the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. This is advantageous in the tissues because the blood offloads more oxygen. Conditions which decreases oxygen availability as in anemia and hypoxia the levels of 2,3 DPG increases and shifts the cur... | Physiology | null |
1e238c55-0e8f-4ec3-b4b8-bf4e6d12b80b | A pregnant lady complaints of headache, feeling of excessive tiredness and drowsiness whenever she lies down in supine position. Her symptoms are relieved on sitting up and while lying on her side. What is the most likely diagnosis? | IVC compression | Compression on sympathetic chain | Raised intra abdominal pressure | Decreased blood supply to placenta | 0a | single | Patient is showing features of supine hypotensive syndrome caused by the compression of inferior vena cava by the weight of a pregnant female's uterus, fetus, placenta and amniotic fluids while lying in the supine position. This condition can develop as early as the second trimester but is maximal during the third trim... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f1880fe5-9b87-4b6e-999f-85f7ace650fc | The site where myosin heads bind to actin in skeletal muscles are covered by | Tropomyosin | Troponin | Ca | Calmodulin | 0a | single | Tropomyosin Molecules: The actin filament also contains tropomyosin. Each molecule of tropomyosin has a molecular weight of 70,000 and a length of 40 nanometers. These molecules are wrapped spirally around the sides of the F-actin helix. In the resting state, the tropomyosin molecules lie on top of the active sites of ... | Physiology | General physiology |
de04988b-a977-44a1-9951-014dc9e3c631 | Kawasaki disease is associated with all except - | Thrombocytopenia | Cervical lymphadenopathy | Red eye | Rash | 0a | multi | In Kawasaki disease, there is thrombocytosis. | Pathology | null |
94eb2c5c-47e3-498b-b844-6d662014c143 | Snowstorm appearance of knee joint with multiple loose bodies is seen in? | chondromalacia patellae | Ewings sarcoma of knee joint | Fracture involving articular surface | Synovial chondromatosis | 3d | single | ANSWER: (D) Synovial chondromatosisREF: The Journal of bone and joint surgery: British volume: Volume 71, Pages 549-912, http:// www.springerlink.com/content/17m54n357304205m/Snowstorm knee:Seen in Synovial chondromatosisTraumatic etiologyJoint effusionNumerous brilliant white rice-grain size free bodies in arthroscopy... | Orthopaedics | Synovial Chondromatosis |
0bb3f860-056f-4622-a477-f428a7e3df96 | Spermatogenesis is maintained by which hormones (s) | Testosterone | FSH | LH | Prolactin | 0a | single | Spermatogenesis defined as the entire process by which spermatogonial stem cells divide and differentiate into sperms. The process has three phases: spermatocytogenesis, meiosis, and spermiogenesis.Ref: Ganong&;s review of medical physiology; 24th edition; page no:-420 | Physiology | Endocrinology |
3dd94a16-45d4-44cb-9b04-f826177ea01a | Fibromuscular wall is seen in: | Gall bladder | Duodenum | Jejunum | ileum | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Gall bladder o The extrahepatic biliary tree and gallbladder share a similar microscopic anatomy, consisting of a fibro muscular wall lived by mucin producing columnar epithelium similar to that seen in intrahepatic bile ducts.Gall bladder (review)o Gall bladder is a pear-shaped small sac attached to ... | Anatomy | Hepatobiliary System |
47ffef5f-7b42-43a9-9f26-b695665f3785 | A man eats a low-carbohydrate meal that is rich in proteins containing the amino acids that stimulate insulin secretion. Which response accounts for the absence of hypoglycemia? | Suppression of GH | Suppression of somatomedin C secretion | Stimulation of coisol secretion | Stimulation of glucagon secretion | 3d | single | Consumption of amino acids stimulates both GH and glucagon secretion. Increased glucagon secretion tends to increase blood glucose concentration and thus opposes the effects of insulin to cause hypoglycaemia | Physiology | Endocrine System |
9a81ea72-a99e-4c43-b656-d27e9a3d4eb3 | Which of the following is the clinical feature of intermittent claudication? | Pain in leg | Pain in leg on rest | Pain in leg only on exercise | Cyanosis of leg | 2c | single | Intermittent claudication refers to pain in muscles of the lower extremity associated with walking and relieved by rest. The pain is a deep-seated ache usually in the calf muscle, which gradually progresses until the patient is compelled to stop walking. Relief of symptoms is not dependent upon sitting or other positio... | Surgery | null |
4a7f8d4d-4e45-46c9-816c-93ae7f74f371 | Increased levels of alanine in serum after fasting suggest | Increased release of alanine from muscle | Reduced amino acid utilisation for gluconeogenesis | Break in continuity of plasma membrane resulting in leakage of amino acids | Decreased uptake of alanine by liver | 0a | single | During starvation, muscle proteins are degraded to serve amino acids (especially alanine) as substrates for gluconeogenesis.
Alanine also arises from transamination of pyruvate in the muscles.
Alanine is transported to liver for gluconeogenesis. | Biochemistry | null |
73f55e19-eef0-461e-9a6c-1c260df58680 | Vasculitis not commonly seen in adults | Kawasaki disease | Henoch schonlein purpura | Temporal aeritis | PAN | 0a | single | Kawasaki's disease is an acute, febrile, multisystem disease of children. Some 80% of cases occur prior to the age of 5, with the peak incidence occurring at <=2 years. It is characterized by nonsuppurative cervical adenitis and changes in the skin and mucous membranes such as edema; congested conjunctivae; erythema of... | Medicine | Immune system |
97ca9d92-4c02-4184-97ef-813e662c1aaa | All of the following are complications of an undescended testis EXCEPT: March 2013 (a, e, g) | Torsion | Hydrocoele | Trauma | Malignant change | 1b | multi | Ans. B i.e. Hydrocoele Incomplete descent of testes Complication: Malignant change (even if the testes have been brought down surgically), Best time to operate: 9-15 months of age | Surgery | null |
88fc3aaf-b13a-472f-86a9-5bc62031a59b | Life threatening complications of diabetes mellitus are all except : | >Malignant otitis externa | >Rhinocerebral mucormycosis | >Emphysematous pyelonephritis | >Emphysematous appendicitis | 3d | multi | emphysematous appendicitis Malignant otitis externa (Harrison 16th/e p 189) "Invasive otitis externa also known as malignant or necrotizing otitis externa is an aggressive and potentially Ilk threatening disease that occurs predominantly in elderly diabetics and other inummocompromised patients" Rhinocerebral mucormyco... | Surgery | null |
d23d4f91-617f-4f10-b32d-192e8cf52507 | Simian crease is seen in which syndrome? | Reye's syndrome | Cat eye syndrome | Down's syndrome | Patau syndrome | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Down's syndrome * Single palmar crease (simian crease) is seen in Down's syndromeClinical features of Down's syndrome* Most striking feature in the neonate is hypotonia and although the diagnosis is usually evident at this time, it may sometimes be missed if the baby is very premature or his facial fe... | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders |
e2b0382b-4730-4c6a-bb8a-f84c847ba833 | Waste water from kitchen is called as | Refuge | Garbage | Sullage | Sewage | 2c | multi | Sewage is wastewater from a community, containing solid and liquid excreta, derived from houses, street and yard washings, factories and industries.Resemble diy water with an unpleasant smell.The term &;sullage&; is applied to wastewater which does not contain human excreta, ex: wastewater from kitchens and bathroomsPa... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health |
d751d032-8623-4b7d-8469-f68aaed4280a | Accelerated hypeension leads to? | Metabolic acidosis | Metabolic alkalosis | Respiratory acidosis | Respiratory alkalosis | 1b | single | Accelerated HTN - || RAAS | | Aldosterone | Hypokalemic Metabolic Alkalosis DOC for Accelerated Hypeension - Spironolactone , ACE Inhibitors DOC for Malignant HTN- Nitroprusside. | Medicine | Electrolyte Imbalance |
eac11180-1b84-406c-ad5e-621a6e55751b | Clutton's joint is seen in ? | Primary syphilis | Secondary syphilis | Teiory syphilis | Congenital syphilis | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Congenital syphilis Syphilic ahritis Syphilic ahritis may be seen in congenital or acquired syphilis. Congenital syphilis The joint may be affected early or late : ? Early congenital syphilis : - Osteochondritis in juxta-epiphyseal region results in breakdown of the bone and cailage. Late congenital s... | Surgery | null |
518990ea-fd20-47ec-a683-e9eba6001e24 | In a woman with polyuria of6L/day, which are the 2 most impoant investigations to be done - | Water deprivation test | Water loading | Plasma and urine osmolality | Plasma osmolality | 0a | single | fluid deprivation test to differentiate which type of DI. If it is not significant administration of desmopressin required ( Harrison 17 pg 2219) | Medicine | Endocrinology |
6e5d7f66-8b56-4859-b589-88d4a72d410c | Rim sign in IVP is seen in – | Polycystic kidney | Hydronephrosis | Chronic pyelonephritis | Hypemephroma | 1b | single | Two most important causes of rim sign on nephrogram are -
(i) Hydronephrosis (chronic obstruction), and
(ii) Renal artery occulusion. | Radiology | null |
487cda77-7826-44ee-ad72-bc7c73c74426 | Punishment for issuing a false ceificate is | 4 years | 5 years | 6 years | 7 years | 3d | multi | Section 197 IPC: Issuing or signing the false ceificate: Classification of Offence: Punishment: The same as for giving or fabricating false evidence. Cognizable or Non-cognizable :Non-cognizable Bailable or Non-bailable :Bailable. By Which Cou Triable: Cou by which offence of giving false evidence is triable. Whoever i... | Forensic Medicine | Medical Jurisprudence |
fa6656e4-97cd-44a2-b6d3-9a58e02f79f8 | Coronary cabal fistula is | Inokuchi | Warren's | Eck's fistula | Shamik | 0a | single | Inokuchi shunt Interpostion of vein graft between the left gastric (coronary) vein and the IVC Also known as coronary-cabal fistula Choice (TIPS or shunt) is based on the predicted time to transplantation Ref:Sabiston 20th edition Pgno : 1440 | Anatomy | G.I.T |
2d2ca3b5-10bd-4bdd-9940-05bec011097f | Which of the following anticancer drug can cross blood brain barrier? | Cisplatin | Nitrosourea | Vincristine | Vinblastine | 1b | single | Cisplati n It is a platinum coordination complex that is hydrolysed intracellularly to produce a highly reactive moiety which causes cross linking ofDNA. Theoured siteis N&;ofguanineresidue. It can also react with -SH groups in proteins and has radiomimetic propey. It is bound to plasma proteins, enters tissues and is ... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
12b4c4c4-80ff-4148-b8e4-78b0b46c3ff1 | Gguardian of the genome"? | p53 | Mdm2 | pl4 | ATM | 0a | single | . p53 | Pathology | null |
e51069d4-099f-4584-b6b2-168f04c9e236 | True regarding Kaposi's sarcoma? | Can occur even when CD4 is normal | HHV 8 is etiological agent | Koebner's phenomenon may be observed with it | All are true | 3d | multi | Ans. d (All are true) (Ref. Harrison 18th/ p 695)KAPOSI'S SARCOMA# Human herpes virus type 8 is believed to be the cause of most cases of Kaposi's sarcoma.# There are at least four distinct epidemiologic forms of KS:- The classic form that occurs in older men of predominantly Mediterranean or eastern European Jewish ba... | Skin | Skin Cancer |
f9dc66b2-4529-477e-92d3-818eb6d8728f | Waves seen in EEG during stage 4- NREM period of sleep is: | Alpha | Beta | Delta | Theta | 2c | single | - REM sleep shows - b waves - so, called as paradoxical sleep. (because even though the person is asleep, the waves of ale wakefulness-b waves are recorded)- NREM sleep - 4 stages* Stage I - Superficial stage - eyes closed & person is in sleep latency - a waves are seen* Stage II - Sleep spindles & large K - complexes ... | Physiology | JIPMER 2019 |
ecbd6ecb-cb8e-416f-afea-97b5e74ea9c4 | Most common cardiac anomaly in Turner's syndrome is? | Coarctation of aorta | Bicuspid aortic valve | Ventricular septal defect | Atrial septal defect | 1b | single | b. Bicuspid aortic valve(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2189-2191, Ghai 8/e p 413-414)Most common heart defects in Turner syndrome are bicuspid aortic valves, coarctation of aorta and aortic stenosis. | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
af0b76c7-ab71-403f-bd2f-afece47f9931 | Physiological locking is - | Internal rotation of femur over stabilized tibia | Internal rotation of tibia over stabilized femur | External rotation of tibia over stabilized tibia | External rotation of femur over stabilized tibia | 0a | single | During last stages of extension, femur rotates medially on tibia due to quadriceps femoris to lock the knee joint. | Anatomy | null |
77c68d11-a3b4-42ee-974e-372f5c1a5e1c | Enzyme raised in myopathies is | CPK | SGOT | SGPT | AST | 0a | single | Ans. a (CPK), (Ref. Harrison, Principles of Medicine, 18th/Chapter 246.)# CPK is raised in many myopathies and in AMI. | Medicine | Disorder of Metabolism & Connective Tissue |
1f1e5f07-e5d7-4584-acf1-bae008833729 | Initial resuscitation of a trauma patient is best done by administration of which of the following? | D5W | D5W and 0.45% normal saline | Ringer's lactate solution | 5% plasma protein solution | 2c | single | - Initial resuscitation of a trauma patient is best done by administering Ringer's lactate, because it is isotonic, and it is similar to plasma in electrolyte composition. - There is no conclusive evidence that colloid solutions (albumin, plasma protein solution, or hydroxyethyl starch solution) improve the rate of res... | Surgery | Trauma |
5bfdb48e-4ff6-41fd-9f09-6c96ed3dd6bd | Diagnostic criteria of SLE Is/are | ANA | Anti ds-DNA | Proteinuria> 500 mg/day | All | 3d | multi | Ref - Davidsons 23e p1036 | Medicine | Immune system |
3367b0d7-2ff5-49ba-83b8-6b7e2e8946d3 | Major Mineral of the bone is: | Calcium chloride | Hydroxyapatite | Calcium oxide | Calcium carbonate | 1b | single | Inorganic component of bone is consists of mineral phase which is principally composed of calcium and phosphate, mostly in the form of hydroxyapatite . | Orthopaedics | Fracture Management |
f8a1cf45-534c-4d3c-9cc8-06716187a69b | Subependymal calcified nodules are seen in - | Sturge Weber syndrome | Tuberous sclerosis | Neurofibromatosis 2 | Von Hippel Lindau syndrome | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tuberous sclerosis | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
20083af4-29d6-4267-9dfc-ac6ccc7db1ff | A patient complains of muscle weakness it was reversed on administration of neostigmine, because | It blocks the action of acetylcholine | It interfere with the action of monoamine oxidase | It interfere with the action of carbonic anhydrase | It interfere with action of acetylcholine esterases | 3d | single | Refer katzung 11e p 105 neostigmine acts by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesteresis This enzyme is involved in the degradation of acetylcholine, consequential neostigmine increases the synaptic level of acetylcholine. Muscle weakness can be improved with the stimulation of Nm receptors at muscle endplate due to inc... | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
a5aaaa04-7f87-4440-84a2-a783e9bca1ed | Vidian neurectomy is done for | Allergic rhinitis | Atrophic rhinitis | Vasomotor rhinitis | Chronic hyperophic rhinitis | 2c | multi | Surgical treatment of vasomotor rhinitis - Vidian neurectomy which is sectioning of parasympathetic secretomotor fibres of nose | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
395619df-1194-4026-915f-0ac58d437f12 | Most common cause of dysentery in adults is? | Crypto parvum | Giardia | Strongoloides | Entamoeba histolytica | 3d | single | ANSWER: (D) EntamoebaREF: VariousThis was a difficult one and quite a nagging question, because no book gives a perfect answer.However after consulting various websites. CMDT, Harrison I reached the conclusion that most common cause of dysentery is bacterial > parasitic.Robbin's states that shighella is the prominent c... | Microbiology | Protozoa |
10ec80bb-af04-4f94-9686-91b8752dc3d1 | What is the Goal of Prudent diet for prevention of Coronary hea disease? | Cholesterol: HDL ratio <3.5 | Cholesterol; HDL ratio <6.5 | Cholesterol: HDL ratio >3.5 | Cholesterol: HDL ratio >6.5 | 0a | single | Goal of WHO Prudent diet is to Reduce Cholesterol: HDL ratio <3.5 Prudent diet: Dietary modification is the principle preventive strategy in the prevention of CHD. WHO recommended changes: Reduction of fat intake to <20-30% of total energy intake Consumption of saturated fats <7% of total energy intake Reduction in cho... | Social & Preventive Medicine | NCDs: CHD, HTN, DM, RF, Cancers, Obesity, Blindness |
4fbc81f3-a5f6-42ac-8836-f78b64ed5261 | Following acute pharyngitis, a patient was on broad spectrum antibiotics. One week later he developed watery diarrhoea with a foul odour and abdominal cramps. Antibiotic induced colitis is confirmed. What is the most common cause of antibiotic induced colitis? | Esch. coli | Clostridium difficile | Salmonella | Campylobacter jejuni | 1b | single | Clostridium difficile is the major known cause of nosocomial antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis. The organism elaborates at least four toxins, including toxin A (an enterotoxin) and toxin B (a cytotoxin). Symptoms and signs include diarrhea, which is usually watery, occasionally bloody, and has a characteristic... | Microbiology | null |
96496220-7225-4e72-9947-d733034aefe0 | A 41 year old male presents with a weak flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus of the index finger. The nerve inxolved could be - | Ulnar nerve | Median nerve | Posterior interosseus nerve | Radial nerve | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Median nerve * The various muscles supplied by median nerve are : -1) In the forearm# All the flexor muscles of the forearm, except the flexor carpi ulnaris and the medial half of flexor digitorum profundus to the ulnar two fingers.These muscles are: -i) Pronater teresiv) Flexor digitorum superficialv... | Anatomy | Upper Extremity |
a226688c-5e09-4be7-be0a-47b91e423fc4 | Gout can be precipitated by: | Calcium channel blockers | Omeprazole | Thiazide diuretics | Digitalis | 2c | single | Answer is C (Thiazide Diuretics): Hyperuricemic Syndromes: Pathophysiology and Therapy (Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers, 2005)/ 9 | Medicine | null |
6b6e4dbc-f265-423f-a614-59ba8a3eb3bf | Inulin is a homopolymer of ? | Fructose | Glucose | Mannose | Galactose | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., FructoseInulin is a homopolymer made up of fructose. | Biochemistry | null |
71d31f23-541d-437f-ad96-7a8054356792 | Wire hardening at a low temperature of orthodontic wire would enhance all EXCEPT: | Stiffness | Resiliency | Brittleness | Ductility | 3d | multi | Strain hardening—The increase in strength and hardness and decrease in ductility of a metal that is caused by plastic deformation below its recrystallization temperature; also called work hardening.
A wire can be fractured by bending it back and forth repeatedly. During each bend, the wire is cold worked, which require... | Dental | null |
7ea90ccb-4bd3-4a90-a70b-991325124ecb | Term Psychiatry was coined by | Moral | Johann reil | Eugen Bleuler | Phillipe Pinel | 1b | single | Reil, Johann Christian (1759-1820) : Coined the Term Psychiatry Special Mention- Founded the 1st psychiatric journal Ref: A Sho Textbook of Psychiatry, Niraj Ahuja, 7th Edition, pg. no.244 | Psychiatry | Cognitive development and defence mechanism |
8892c22b-7aca-4e2d-a3f7-7ca720b9808c | A new born presents with deepening cyanosis at bih, with congestive hea failure and normal first hea sound. X-ray reveals cardiomegaly diagnosis is - | Tetralogy of fallot's | Ebstein anomally | Transposition of great vessels | Tricuspid atresia | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Transposition of great vessels | Pediatrics | null |
1e349612-2fe4-4ef0-805b-8972e73dd62f | Moality statistics are taken into account while calculating | GER | NRR | TFR | GMFR | 1b | single | Net reproduction rate is defined as the number of daughters a newborn girl will bear during her life time assuming fixed age specific feility and moality rates NRR is a demographic indicator NRR of 1 is equivalent to attaining approximately the 2 child norm Reference : Park&;s textbook of preventive and social medicine... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning |
b7590b12-cca5-4da8-beb3-d347a2f360d2 | Antihypeensive which can not be given in pregnancy ? | Labetolol | Propranolol | Esmolol | Hydralazine | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Propranolol | Pharmacology | null |
83833809-6359-4f6c-86ca-f55c32571d90 | Pain sensations from the ethmoidal sinus are carried by: | Supraorbital nerve | Lacrimal Nerve | Nasociliary Nerve | Infraorbital Nerve | 2c | single | (c) Nasociliary Nerve(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 476)SinusMaxillaryFrontalEthmoidsSphenoidOpeningInfundibulum of middle meatusBy Fronto-nasal recess into middle meatusAnterior ethmoids - middle meatusPosterior ethmoids - superior meatusSpheno-ethmoidal recess above the superior turbinateAt birthPresentSize increases with ... | ENT | Congenital Lesions and Stridor |
01b3afc6-89f6-44cb-ac2d-a7e1ad507e80 | Oral anticoagulants given to pregnant women cause | Long bones limb defect | Craniofacial malformation | CVS malformation | Costochondro dysplasia | 1b | single | Contradi's syndrome (Skeletal and facial anomalies optic atrophy, microcephaly, chondrodysplasia punctate. Warfarin given in early pregnancy increases bih defects, specially skeletal abnormality foetal warfarin syndrome - hypoplasia of nose, eye socket hand bones, growth retardation. Given later in pregnancy - it can c... | Pharmacology | All India exam |
8c94eed5-e1f9-4ab6-8bb0-31273e0d9345 | All are secreted in the stomach except? | Secretin | Hcl | Intrinsic factor | Mucous | 0a | multi | Gastrin produced by G cells in the pyloric gland is absorbed into the blood and carried to the oxyntic glands where it stimulates the parietal cells strongly to secrete hcl. And secretin is synthesized and secreted by S cells of duodenum (GANONG'S REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY) | Physiology | General physiology |
c7192eea-2a32-460a-a071-13bc5c005fe4 | Foramen of Morgagni refers to an opening in? | The brain | The lesser omentum | The skull | The diaphragm | 3d | single | The sinus of Morgagni or ventricle of the larynx is a narrow fusiform cleft between the vestibular and vocal folds. the anterior pa of the sinus is prolonged upwards as diveiculum between the vestibular fold and the lamina of the thyroid cailage .this extension is known as the saccule of the larynx. The saccule contain... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
13a40883-8759-4422-957e-effbb1be73a2 | Telaprevir is used in the treatment of: | Acute hepatitis B | Acute hepatitis C | Chronic hepatitis B | Chronic hepatitis C | 3d | single | Telaprevir and Boceprevir are used to treat chronic HCV. Must know: Chronic hepatitis B is treated with agents like: IFN-Alpha, PEG IFN-Alpha, lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, telbivudine and tenofovir. Chronic hepatitis C can be treated with: PEG IFN-Alpha, ribavirin, Telaprevir and Boceprevir Chronic hepatitis D is t... | Medicine | null |
b209973e-13ed-46af-8f09-de72171c497d | Wrong abour continuous murmur | Seen with coarctation of aoa | Peaks at S2 | Heard both in systole and diastole | Increase on squatting | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Increase on squatting A continuous murmur is defined as one that begins in systole and extends through S2 into pa or all of diastole. It need not occupy the entire cardiac cycle. Continuous murmurs are not affected by dynamic auscultation maneuvers like squatting etc. They can oftern be difficult to d... | Medicine | null |
f2dc05d1-3748-40e2-9ede-3bbb2315d569 | Inclusion body of CMV is - | Cowdry type A | Cowdry type B | Intranuclear | Cytoplasmic | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Intranuclear Cytomegalovirus (CMV)* Also known as salivary gland virus* CMV is the largest virus amongst herpes viruses* They are characterized by enlargment of infected cells (cytomegalic cells) and intranuclear inclusions.* Intranuclear inclusion is eccentrically placed and is surrounded by a halo -... | Microbiology | Virology |
be111f87-e693-4152-b6da-b7e995485f1e | Which organ is the primary site of hematopoiesis in the fetus before midpregnancy | Bone | Liver | Spleen | Lung | 1b | single | Primary site of gematopoesis in fetus before mid pregnancy is liver. Reference : Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition, p.no:330 | Pediatrics | Hematology |
813329e2-047a-487a-86ba-dffd43e3f86f | All are true about Huntington's disease except: | Chorea | Behavioral disturbance | Early onset of memory loss | Cog-wheel rigidity. | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Early onset memory loss): 'Memory loss is frequently not impaired until late in the disease' Memory loss is frequently not impaired until late in the disease, although attention judgement & executive functions may be seriously deficient at an early stage. Involvement of extrapyramidal system (caudate nucle... | Medicine | null |
29778bfa-e282-4fca-afd2-8a04c968a951 | TT splint was not used for ? | Injuries around knee joint | Knee dislocation | Infective ahritis of knee | Fracture femur | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Infective ahritis of knee Thomas splint (TT splint) can be used - Fracture shaft femur Subtrachetric femur fracture Injuries around knee (including after reduction of dislocation). Thomas splint is not indicated in cases of infective ahritis of knee | Surgery | null |
53992cc3-3882-45b0-a669-85b9b71abb48 | A 16-year-old boy is rushed to the emergency room after sustaining a stab wound to the chest during a fight. Physical examination reveals a 1-cm entry wound at the right 5th intercostal space in the midclavicular line. His temperature is 37degC (98.6degF), respirations are 35 per minute and blood pressure is 90/50 mm H... | Atelectasis | Chylothorax | Diffuse alveolar damage | Pyothorax | 0a | single | Pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air in the pleural cavity, may be due to traumatic perforation of the pleura or may be spontaneous. Traumatic causes include penetrating wounds of the chest wall (e.g., stab wound or a rib fracture). Pneumothorax causes collapse of a previously expanded lung, a condition that ... | Pathology | Respiratory Distress Syndrome |
385e6386-94ff-46b0-bcee-68c80ca220a5 | Plasmid? | Involved in multidrug resistance transfer | Involved capsule formation | Impas capsule formation | Impas pili formation | 0a | single | Plasmids are circular DNA molecule present in the cytoplasm of bacteria, capable of autonomous replication (independent replicons). By their ability to transfer genes from one cells to another , plasmids have become impoant vectors in genetic engineering . Plasmids may also be seen in yeasts, which are eukaryotes . pla... | Microbiology | general microbiology |
52ecb9fd-5813-4f6e-83d2-e426363777b8 | Drug of choice for warfarin toxicity: | Protamine sulfate | Vitamin K | Dipyridamole | Ticlopidine | 1b | single | Ans. B. Vitamin KWarfarin is oral anticoagulant which inhibit the vitamin K dependent clotting factors. Bleeding is the adverse effect seen with overdose of warfarin. Fresh frozen plasma can be given to supply the clotting factors but specific antidote is vitamin K. It is usually prescribed when INR is between 5-9. | Pharmacology | Hematology |
10ab2efb-e7bd-4512-bec5-aed5b65f2dfa | Which of the following statements is true about diaphragm? | Left side pushed down by hea | Left side lower than right side | Right side lower than left side | Hernia common on right side | 2c | multi | The Diaphragm This thin fibromuscular paition between thoracic and abdominal cavities is an impoant muscle of respiration.When it contracts,it increases the veical extend of thoracic cavity by paially flatenning its dome and displacingthe abdominal contents downwards.The firous,central pa of the diapgragm(central tendo... | Anatomy | Thorax |
ed2f988a-d7a7-421d-a8f7-086378e488be | Tactile hallucination seen in abuse with ? | Heroine | Cocaine | Cannabis | Alcohol | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cocaine Magnan's symptoms is tactile hallucination (formication) i.e. feeling of bugs crawling under the skin is seen with cocaine abuse/ poisoning. Cocaine Cocaine is an alkaloid derived from the Coca bush, Erythrexylum CoCa. It was the first local anaesthetic which was used clinically. Toxicity of c... | Forensic Medicine | null |
e0d440a5-25b2-446e-834e-7d37ceffbbc8 | A wide and notched P wave is ty pically seen in - | Mitral stenosis | Cor-Pulmonale | COPD | Pulmonary embolism | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Mitral stenosis o Mitral stenosis is typically associated with a Wide and Notched P wave from Left Atrial Enlargement (LAE).o Cor-Pulmonate, COPD and Pulmonary embolism are all associated with Right Atrial Enlargement resulting in a Tall P wave (not a wide p wave).o P wave becomes "tall" in RA enlarge... | Medicine | Electrocardiography |
3532cfb8-81ca-4317-a6ff-1794555894c9 | Ba test is:- | HCG + AFP + Placental alk.Phosphatase | AFP + Uric acid + LDH | HCG + AFP + Unconjugated Estriol | HCG + AFP + PAPP-A | 2c | single | Ba test is also known as Triple marker test It is combined biochemical test which includes MSAFP , hCG & UE3. In an affected pregnancy , level of MSAFP and UE3 tend to be low while hCG is high | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Obstetrics |
7f61f554-87ff-43e3-9d31-edadaea518b8 | Dense calcification is found in -a) Osteosarcomab) Chondroblastomac) Synovial sarcomad) Osteoblastoma | abd | bcd | abc | ab | 0a | single | Dense, homogenous mineralization (calcification) is typical of osteoid matrix, formed by benign and malignant bone -forming lesions:However, osteoid matrix is not always mineralized.
Calcified rings and arcs, dense punctate calcification, and flocculent calcification (small, loosely aggregated masses) are pattern of mi... | Orthopaedics | null |
aa630a6b-699a-4750-8710-02107f8762ce | An eleven year old boy is having tinea capitis on his scalp. The most appropriate line of treatment is: | Oral griseofulvin therapy | Topical griseofulvin therapy | Shaving of the scalp | Selenium sulphide shampoo | 0a | single | A i.e. Oral griseofulvin Tenia capitis is most commonly caused by Microsporum canis > Trichophyton tonsurans; and never caused by Epidermophyton as it does not involve hair. It presents with localized non-cicatrial (mostly) alopecia, itching, scaling with or without boggy swelling of scalp & easily pluckable hair. Tini... | Skin | null |
aa92023b-fd15-467e-b404-ca951dbd57cf | Dural hemorrhage seen in | Brain | Kidney | Hea | Lung | 0a | single | *dural hemorrhage occur due to rupture of cerebral veins in the dural space . An intracranial hematoma is a collection of blood within the skull, most commonly caused by rupture of a blood vessel within the brain or from trauma such as a car accident or fall. The blood collection can be within the brain ptissue or unde... | Medicine | C.N.S |
b451a763-925a-450b-b345-37630d18e2c3 | A woman with major depressive disorder underwent electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Which of the following increases on ECT? | 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid | Dopamine | Serotonin | Brain derived neurotrophic factor | 3d | single | Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) also increases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor (tyrosine kinase receptor B) in hippocampus and dentate gyrus, a process associated with neurogenesis and increased neural plasticity. Ref: Principles and Practice of Psychopharmacotherapy By Philip G. Ja... | Psychiatry | null |
f6d19b13-85db-4154-959b-1cf50fd51b86 | 24 yr old woman walking up experiences pain in heel which decreases on walking down. X-ray shows bone spur. Diagnosis - | Plantar fasciitis | Calcaneal exostosis | Osteomyelitis of calcaneum | Achillis tendinitis | 3d | single | ACHILLES TENDINITIS Athletes, joggers and hikers often develop pain and swelling around the tendo Achillis, due to local irritation of the tendon sheath or the paratenon. PATHOLOGY :The condition usually affects the 'watershed' area about 4 cm above the inseion of the tendon, an area where the blood supply to the tendo... | Orthopaedics | Bony dysplasia and soft tissue affection |
fc04f4e2-8cfc-45cc-b81c-f2536131ec24 | Ovarian aery is a branch of : | Abdominal aoa | Anterior iliac aery | Common iliac aery | Posterior iliac aery | 0a | single | A. i.e. Abdominal aoa | Anatomy | null |
bd3993c6-d978-4dcc-b5cf-32da83b0cf4e | Goodpasture's disease is characterized by all except: | Glomerulonephritis | Leukocytoclastic vasculitis | Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage | Presence of antibodies to BM | 1b | multi | Ans. i.e., b Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Goodpasture Syndrome -It is diffuse pulmonary hemorrhage syndrome Q characterized by presence of circulating autoantibodies targeted against the basement membrane of the kidney and lung. The antibodies initiate an inflammatory destruction of the basement membrane in kidney glome... | Medicine | Glomerular Diseases |
781dabd7-9df7-44da-8542-6cc8d5e77027 | Most rapid test for diagnosis of malaria is ? | Thick blood smear | HRP-2 antigen | Thin blood smear | PCR | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., HRP-2 antigen Rapid diagnostic tests are simple and the procedure can be performed on the spot in field conditions. These tests use finger-stick or venous blood, the completed test takes a total of 15-20 minutes, and a laboratory is not needed.Rapid diagnostic tests are antigen based and directed agai... | Microbiology | null |
c4e3b5c3-f05e-433f-93f9-5ffc6bf2028f | Earliest radiological change in RA: | Decreased joint space | Aicular erosion | Periaicular osteopenia | Subchondral cyst | 2c | single | Radiological features of RA Evidence of soft tissue swelling and joint effusion Symmetrical involvement Juxta-aicular osteopenia (within weeks) Loss of aicular cailage and bone erosions (after months) Narrowing of joint space Aicular destruction and joint deformity, e.g. subluxation of atlantoaxial and cervical joints ... | Medicine | Rheumatoid Ahritis |
a6dd231e-fc70-4d0a-b50b-02f2a42d1930 | A 3 year old child presents with four days history of puffiness of face, fever and tea coloured urine. During the course of his disease, he can have any of the complications except- | Hypokalemia | Hypeensive encephalopathy | Acute renal failure | Acidosis | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hypokalemia It is a case of acute nephritic syndrome which can result in ARF. In ARF there is hyperkalemia (not hypokalemia) and acidosis. Acute nephritic syndrome is also characterized by hypeension, So hypeensive encephalopathy may also occur. | Pediatrics | null |
87a02c61-c5cf-43e0-adc0-24727e98e5db | Choose the Non motile organism from the following- | E. coli | Vibrio cholera | Proteus mirabilis | Shigella dysentery | 3d | single | Shigella are sho Gram negative rods , they are non motile non sporing and non capsulated . Fimbriae may be present The given image proves shigella is less motile and therefore does not show turbidity through out the medium Ref: Ananthanarayan & panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition page no 285 | Microbiology | general microbiology |
de7f0b46-699f-48bd-9093-85d74fc3ae1b | A dense renogram is obtained by | Dehydrating the patient | Increasing the dose of contrast media | Rapid (Bolus) injection of dye | Using non ionic media | 2c | single | C i.e. Rapid (Bolus) injection of dye Dense nephrogram or intensified renal images are obtained (iatrogenically) by - - Rapid/bolus injection of same contrast dose concentration (preferred method)(2. - Increased contrast concentration is less preferred than rapid injection method. The quantity that can be used safely d... | Radiology | null |
2fb10eb6-7899-4770-ae74-fd810d176a22 | A 34 year old female comes to psychiatrist with complaints of ' always feeling worried'. She repos that she always feels anxious and irritable and that her sleep is worsening gradually. What is the likely diagnosis- | Agoraphobia | Generalised anxiety disorder | Major depression | Dysthymia | 1b | multi | Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive, uncontrolled, and irrational worry about everyday things that is out of propoion to the actual source of the worry. The worry impairs function, as the patient typically catastrophizes and becomes overly concerned with normal issues of health, money, work... | Psychiatry | Neurotic, Stress Related and Somatoform Disorders |
a0c34843-540e-48f0-abfa-7e24d33f4c00 | DNA repair defect is seen in: | Xeroderma pigmentosum | Li-fraumani syndrome | Retinoblastoma | None | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) Xeroderma pigmentosumRef: Harper's Biochemistry, 30th ed. pg. 389-90, 28th ed.pg. 330-32* Xeroderma pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive genetic disease which arises due to defect in DNA repair particularly of thymidine dimers.Examples of Conditions Arising due to DNA Repair Defects:* Xeroderma pigmentosa* At... | Biochemistry | Proteins and Amino Acids |
0034a9e9-5e18-4940-ab09-7f4355b1505a | Lack of insight is not a feature of: | Panic disorder. | Schizophrenia. | Mania. | Reactive Psychosis. | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' panic disorder Impairment of insight is a feature of psychotic disorders.Panic disorder is not a Psychotic disorder, it is a neurotic disease.Go through the following differences between psychotic & neurotic diseases :Psychotic diseasesNeurotic diseasesGross impairment in contact with reality Marked disturb... | Psychiatry | Schizophreniform Disorder |
9001321f-6ed3-4c40-b2c7-bd83f40f0956 | A 64-year-old man is having difficulty getting out of a chair. He has lost 15 lb and feels tired all the time. On examination, there is a blue purple rash on his eyelids and knuckles, and muscle strength in his proximal muscles is rated 4 out of 5. His creatinine kinase (CK) level is elevated and he is started on predn... | testing of muscle strength | sedimentation rates | urine transaminase enzymes | EMG | 0a | multi | The course of muscle necrosis in dermatomyositis can be best followed by repeated CK determinations. Repeated muscle biopsies are rarely required. However, the goal of therapy is to increase muscle strength and function, so following muscle strength is the key clinical assessment of response to therapy. | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
792338b9-6b39-4bd6-b07d-b54dd60cdf1a | Botulism is most commonly due to - | Egg | Milk | Meat | Canned vegetables | 3d | single | The most common food associated with botulism are home preserved foods such as home canned vegetables, smoked or pickled fish, home made cheese and similar low acid food
Ref: Apurba Sastry’s Essentials of Medical Microbiology 1/e p264, Park 22/e p217 | Microbiology | null |
498cdf2d-77ed-4333-9e3b-e392d76e376d | Urinary bladder develops from ? | Preallantoic hind gut | Proctodeum | Cloaca | None | 2c | multi | Postallantoic pa of hind gut is the dilated endodermal cloaca, which is separated from the surface by cloacal mambrane.Urorectal septum divides endodermal cloacae into :-i) Anterior pa, known as primitive urogenital sinus, which develops into urinary bladder and urethra.ii) Posterior pa, known as primitive rectum, whic... | Anatomy | null |
c1bd2def-7d08-4b0a-ac4a-e8e9eb290875 | Which of the following anti-cancer drugs is cell cycle specific? | Ifosfamide | Melphalan | Vinblastine | Cyclophosphamide | 2c | single | Cell cycle specific Kill only actively dividing cells. Their toxicity is generally expressed in S phase. However, these drugs may show considerable phase selectivity eg VINCA ALKALOIDS These are mitotic inhibitors, bind to microtubular protein-'tubulin', prevent its polymerization and assembly of microtubules, cause di... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy |
a22ba2d1-ceb3-4742-a67f-4d8d0e4e2c3e | Drug that is safe in G6PD deficiency: | Primaquine | Acetanilide | Quinidine | Dapsone | 2c | single | c. Quinidine(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2335, Ghai 8/e p 339)Quinidine does not carry risk of hemolysis in persons with G-6-PD deficiency. | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
66fa5045-ab71-4e3f-9829-66fd6247cd3e | Commonest complication of chronic gastric ulcer is which of the following? | Adenocarcinoma | Perforation | Lymphoma | Haematenesis | 3d | single | GI bleed is the commonest complication of acute or chronic gastric ulcer. Outlet obstruction is the least commonest complication. | Surgery | null |
3ee95dcb-082f-42df-a56c-b7557b4519e6 | Type 1 thyroplasty is for | Vocal cord shoening | Vocal cord lengthening | Vocal cord medialization | Vocal cord lateralization | 2c | single | Thyroplasty types Type I: It is medial displacement of vocal cord as in achieved in Teflon paste injection. Type II: It is lateral displacement of the vocal cord and is used to improve the airway. Type III: It is used to shoen the vocal cord. Relaxation of vocal cord lowers the pitch. This procedure is done in mutation... | ENT | Larynx |
9e963daa-10bf-4fdb-a9c5-4900aea72455 | Pharmacokinetic characteristics of propranolol include Vd = 300 L/70 kg, C1 = 700 mL/min, and oral bioavailability f = 0.25. What is the dose needed to achieve a plasma level equivalent to a steady state level of 20 mg/L? | 4 mg | 12 mg | 24 mg | 48 mg | 2c | single | LD = 300L x 20 mg/L / 0.25 = 6000 mg/0.25 = 24,000 mg or 24 mg Ref:- kd tripathi; pg num:-33 | Pharmacology | General pharmacology |
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