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80763c70-a602-4354-82d8-8e61d4002d7f | A 25 year old man presented with diabetes for the past 1 year that is well controlled on oral hypoglycaemic agents. He also has a family history of diabetes in young. The diagnosis is:- | Type 1 Diabetes mellitus | Type 2 Diabetes mellitus | Maturity Onset Diabetes in Young (MODY) | Type A insulin resistance | 2c | single | → Maturity Onset Diabetes in Young is well controlled on oral agents, while Type 1 DM requires Insulin for control.
→ These occur before the age of 25 years and are characterised by impaired insulin secretion with no defect in insulin action. They are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
MODY 1 .chromosome 20... | Medicine | null |
056565d5-2821-4aa7-8d93-eb864fdde4c6 | Corneal dystrophies are : | Macular | Granular | Lattice | All | 3d | multi | A. i.e. Macular; B. i.e. Granular; C. i.e. Lattice | Ophthalmology | null |
66d924f9-8ae5-4c57-8029-1a19ffb267a2 | A 32-week, 1400g neonate is born to a primigravida. The baby did not require resuscitation and showed stable vitals. The baby was transferred to the NICU. How will you manage the feeding of the patient? | Sta total enteral feeding & IV nutrition not required | Sta IV nutrition with minimal enteral feeding | Sta IV nutrition and introduce feeds on 2nd day of life | Sta parenteral nutrition and institute oral feeding on 2nd day of life | 0a | single | Feeding of preterm neonate Gestational age Preferred initial mode of feeding <28 weeks IV Fluids +/- TPN (TPN: Total parental nutrition) 28-31 weeks Orogastric tube feeding 32-34 weeks Katori spoon feeding or Paladai feeding >34 weeks Direct breast feeding As the neonate in the question is born at 32 weeks and is vital... | Pediatrics | IUGR and Feeding of Preterm Neonate |
26edebc8-e221-411e-b675-1a521e57ed4d | Severe disability in primary osteoarthritis of hip is best managed by - | Arthrodesis | Arthroplasty | Mc Murray's osteotomy | Intra-articular hydrocortisone and physiotherapy | 1b | single | The primary aim of surgery is relief of pain, while secondary aim is to restore movements, increase stability deformity correction.
In early stage when a fair amount of hip movements is still present, osteotomy may be used.
However, in severe arthritis with functional disability, arthroplasty provides best results and ... | Orthopaedics | null |
496ee96f-286c-4796-8490-20abc3e6f333 | Continuous murmur is present in | cardiomyopathy | MS | PDA | cardiac tamponade | 2c | single | A continuous murmur is predicated on a pressure gradient that persists between two cardiac chambers or blood vessels across systole and diastole.The murmurs
typically begin in systole, envelop the second heart sound (S 2 ), and continue through some portion of diastole.
They can often be difficult to distinguish from i... | Medicine | null |
73501312-a2f8-472a-95a4-39654b1927ae | A man loses his right hand in a farm accident, four years later, he has episodes of severe pain in the missing hand (phantom limb pain). A detailed PET scan study of his cerebral cortex might be expected to show | Expansion of the right hand area in his right somatic sensory area I (SI) | Expansion of the right hand area in his left SI | Projection of fibre from neighboring sensory areas into the right hand area of his right SI. | Projection of fibers from neighbouring sensory areas into the right hand area of his left SI | 3d | single | (Projection of fibres from neighbouring sensory areas in to the right hand area of his left SI)(125- Ganong 22nd) (176- Ganong 23rd)Projection - cortical stimulation experiments during neurosurgical procedures on conscious patients illustrate low of projection phenomenoneg. (i) Amputees - some of these patients may com... | Physiology | Nervous System |
6443a6ba-0532-49df-a7ab-dd04115087a8 | Danazol is: September 2006 | Anabolic steroid | Androgens agonist | Antiandrogens | 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor | 2c | single | Ans. C: Antiandrogens Danazol is a derivative of the synthetic steroid ethisterone, a modified testosterone. (It is also known as 17alpha-ethinyl testosterone). Though labeled as an impeded/attenuated androgen, because it binds to the androgen receptor and induces some androgen specific mRNA production, the most promin... | Pharmacology | null |
dbc3c190-1406-46cc-a5bf-d91d4a4fb320 | Not a feature of Hartnup's disease: | Pellagroid skin lesion | Cerebellar ataxia | Mental retardation | Psychological disturbances | 2c | single | c. Mental retardation(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 636-642, Ghai 8/e p 653-655)Clinical features of Hartnup disease:Most children with Hartnup defect remain asymptomaticMajor clinical manifestation in symptomatic patient is cutaneous photosensitivity: pellagra-like rash on sun exposureSome patients may have intermittent ataxia... | Pediatrics | Inborn Errors of Metabolism |
c2000acd-cb47-478d-8d12-d4d770e61450 | Ceruloplasmin binds | Iron | Copper | Zinc | Manganese | 1b | single | Ceruloplasmin -Transpo of copper(table no32-6).(REF: GANONG'S REVIEW OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY 23rd EDITION page no.532) | Physiology | General physiology |
50c97ff3-fbd2-47ec-9a07-1ed6d744fe44 | In a alloy which is primarily responsible for corrosion resistance | Gold | Silver | Mercury | Zinc | 0a | multi | Gold is primarily responsible for producing corrosion resistance, but it also is relatively soft and requires other alloying element additions to solution-harden the composition. Copper is the primary alloying element that increases the hardness of the material. However, copper also tends to make the color less yellow ... | Dental | null |
14be9c9a-3db7-497a-ba43-13fcf003040b | A one year old boy presented with hepatosplenomegaly and delayed milestones. The liver biopsy and bone marrow biopsy revealed presence of histiocytes with PAS-positive Diastase- resistant material in the cytoplasm. Electron- microscopic examination of these histiocytes is most likely to reveal the presence of; | Birbeck granules in the cytoplasm | Myelin figures in the cytoplasm | Parallel rays of tubular structures in lysosomes | Electron dense deposit in the mitochondria | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Parallel rays of tubular structure in lysosomeRef.: Robbin 6th/e p158, Oxford medicine 3rd/e p1927, Oxford Patho 5th/e p 1361First about PAS staining -PAS stain - It is a widely used stain to demonstrate polysaccharide in cells. So cells containing glycogen are strongly positive with PAS. However PAS a... | Unknown | null |
3dfb1095-7d16-4f4e-94fb-c4c1f89a11b2 | " Polychromatic luster" is a feature of | Nuclear cataract | Cortical cataract | Zonular cataract | Complicated cataract | 3d | single | Ans. d (Complicated cataract) (Ref. Basak's ophthalmology 2nd ed., 181)COMPLICATED CATARACTS# It is a complication of any protracted intraocular inflammation, especially heterochromia, chronic iridocyclitis, retinal vasculitis, and retinitis pigmentosa.# Complicated cataract results from a disturbance of the lens metab... | Ophthalmology | Lens |
bb3761dd-88b6-4e12-aef2-67ca712cddac | 'School of fish' appearance under microscope is seen in: | Cholera | Chancroid | Syphilis | Diphtheria | 1b | single | The causative agent of chancroid / soft sore is H. ducreyi. When examined by Gram stain, organisms from culture often clump in long parallel strands, producing a so-called "school of fish" or "railroad track" appearance. This morphology can occasionally be seen in Gram-stained smears from clinical specimens Chancroid i... | Microbiology | Systemic Bacteriology (Haemophilus, Yersinia, Spirochaetes, Ricketssia, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma and Miscellaneous Bacteria) |
0eec8c9a-f522-40ba-808f-dccf918bc7fe | The primary site of action of triameterene and spironolactone is the - | Proximal tubule | Distal tubule | Ascending Loop of Henle | Descending Loop of Henle | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Distal tubule o Potassium sparing diuretics (Sprionolactone and triameterene) act on late distal tubule and collecting duct. | Pharmacology | null |
f4c4b6a0-8935-4f76-8800-fce01c0ac9bc | All of the following drugs are commonly used in regimens against H. pylori except - | Oxytetracycline | Amoxicillin | Bismuth subcitrate | Omeprazole | 0a | multi | <p>Davidson&;s principles and practice of medicine 22nd edition. *Drugs used amoxicillin,clarithromycin,metronidazole for 7 days. *Amoxicillin ,omeprazole,bismuth subcitrate and tetracycline.</p > | Medicine | G.I.T |
8c22093d-6862-4cdd-bab6-6173deb0eea6 | Most dominant colonic bacteria is | Escherichia coli | Bacteroides | Clostridium | Veilonella | 1b | single | Bacteroids are the normal inhabitants of the intestine, respiratory, female genital tract. the normal flora of adult colon contains 96 to99% of anaerobes and only 1 to 4% of aerobes. Anaerobes - Bacteroides species, bifidobacteria, anaerobic lactobacilli, anaerobic streptococci. Ref: Baveja textbook of microbiology; 4t... | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
979d93b6-1739-4525-be6c-f72be84a1f5d | Widmark's formulae are used for estimation of | Cyanides | Alcohol | D.D.T. | Teeth | 1b | single | B i.e. Alcohol | Forensic Medicine | null |
e6190358-85bb-4dad-ac5c-083a8c3098d5 | Ghon’s focus is found in | Leprosy | Pulmonary tuberculosis | Sarcoidosis | Asbestosis | 1b | single | Ghon’s focus
In primary tuberculosis when inhaled tubercule bacilli implanted in the distal air spaces of the lower part of an upper lobe or upper part of the lower lobe, close to the pleura. This area is about 1 to 1.5 cm with caseating necrosis known as Ghon’s focus.
Ghon’s focus is one of the components of Ghon’s c... | Pathology | null |
eb5bba58-b818-47fb-8a24-07bcfe31b5e8 | MC cause of maternal moality is: | Post-paum hemorrhage | Aboion | Sepsis | Obstruction | 0a | single | Post-paum hemorrhage | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
a0ec95d2-f77b-4aa4-8655-74f8e328b12f | A primigravida female presented with erythematous skin changes and lesions with multiple pus lakes. Which of the following should be the most appropriate – | Corticosteroids | Atretinin | Psorolen + PUVA | PUVA | 0a | single | Multiple pus lakes and erythematous skin changes in pregnancy suggests the diagnosis of Impetigo herpetiformis (generalized pustular psoriasis of pregnancy or pustular dermatoses of pregnancy).
Impetigo herpetiformis can usually be successfully treated with topical and systemic corticosteroids. | Dental | null |
1553c8b1-0500-4a8d-9594-80810594c19e | Which of the following drug is contraindicated in liver disease? | Sitagliptin | Saxagliptin | Vildagliptin | Alogliptin | 2c | single | Viidagliptin is a DPP - 4 inhibitor which can lead to hepatotoxicity. | Pharmacology | null |
6e1c3752-3ae7-4f52-acc5-94a2057360ad | Most common tumor of liver found incidentally in healthy individuals is - | Hemangioma | Adenoma | Lymphoma | Hamartoma | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hemangioma [Ref: Clinical hepatology: principles and practice of hepatology, volume 1 by* Hemangiomas are the most common benign liver tumors and occur two to six times more commonly in women.* Most of the hemangiomas of liver are found incidentally in asymptomatic individuals. | Surgery | Liver |
ae684419-1915-4241-9ab9-17afae58970d | A patient with long standing multinodular goitre develops hoarseness of voice; also, the swelling undergoes sudden increase in size. Likely diagnosis is | Follicular ca | Papillary ca | Medullary ca | Anaplastic ca | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Follicular Ca History of sudden growth in a long standing goiter and hoarseness are suggestive of malignant change. Most common carcinoma to develop in developing in long standing multinodular goiter is Follicular carcinoma. | Surgery | null |
2e1c5de6-ee96-47b4-aa7b-1495480526cc | Different mutations in the same genetic locus causing similar or identical phenotype is? | Phenotypic heterogeneity | Allelic heterogeneity | Locus heterogeneity | Non-allelic heterogeneity | 1b | multi | Allelic heterogeneity Different mutations in the same genetic locus can cause an identical or similar phenotype. eg- different mutations of the b-globin locus- b-thalassemia Phenotypic Heterogeneity When more than one phenotype is caused by allelic mutations e.g. Identical mutations in the FGFR2 gene- Crouzon syndrome ... | Pediatrics | Types of Genetic Disorders |
4f4ac24a-6f3a-4adc-a347-2fde996cae72 | Not a cause of Roth spots? | Leukemia | Severe anemia | SLE | Hypersensitivity pneumonitis | 3d | single | Roth spots Round retinal hemorrhages with white centers Seen in : Infective endocarditis SLE Serum sickness Polyaeritis nodosa Severe anemia Leukemia Prolonged anesthesia | Medicine | Rheumatic Hea disease & infective endocarditis |
12c6d67e-a358-44fc-bb70-46135e301cc3 | Most common cause of mortality in blunt thoracic trauma is: | Tension pneumothorax | Tracheo-bronchial injury | Hemothorax | Flail chest | 1b | single | Most common cause of mortality:-
In blunt thoracic trauma: Tracheobronchial injury.
In penetrating throracic trauma: Hemothorax. | Surgery | null |
edf1fec6-8e5a-4790-896b-aaf240415701 | Trisomy 21 is - | Down's syndrome | Turner syndrome | Kleinfelter syndrome | Edward syndrome | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dow n's syndrome Trisomy 21 is synonymous with down's syndrome and is the most common of the chromosomal disorders o Down's syndrome - Trisomy 21 o Edwards syndrome - Trisomy 18 o Patau syndrome - Trisomy 13 o Kleinfelter syndrome - 47XXY o Turner syndrome - 45 XO | Pathology | Cytogenetic Disorders |
fa9e9afc-1e44-4126-88b4-adddb29fd9ec | The most commonly employed method for superficial, minimally invasive nodular Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)? | Topical 5-fluorouracil | Cryosurgery | Electro-desiccation and curettage | Mohs micrographic surgery | 2c | multi | All given options are used for Rx of BCC, but Electro-desiccation and curettage (ED&C) is most commonly employed method for superficial, minimally invasive nodular BCCs and low-risk tumors. Wide local excision is selected for invasive, ill-defined, and more aggressive sub types of tumors, or for cosmetic reasons. Mohs ... | Dental | Tumours of skin |
07a1d641-bf5b-4417-9dd1-cc2ddcc5e6b4 | The harm to which of the following is not Injury as per 44 IPC | Mind | Body | Soul | Propey | 2c | single | Injury: Any harm, whatever illegally, caused to any person in body, mind, reputation or propey (Sec. 44 IPC) Sec. 319 IPC: Whoever causes bodily pain, disease or infirmity to any person is said to cause hu. | Forensic Medicine | Indian Legal system, Legal sections & Cou procedures |
aae706dd-5b25-4649-b6f6-1a655489980e | Soft exudates deposits seen in which layer of retina? | Outer plexiform layer | Inner nuclear layer | Ganglionic layer | Rods and cones cell layer | 2c | single | Soft Exudates (SE) - aka "Cotton Wool Spots" - these lesions appear as white, feathery, fluffy or "cottony" spots. SE's physically represent infarcts, or closures of capillaries, within the retina; however the physical locations of these lesions are in the very exterior layer of theretina (in the nerve fiber layer). Re... | Ophthalmology | Vitreous and retina |
806dc5fa-a6e0-4826-8b3f-729c31cd6a5a | Commonest type of mesenteric cyst is ? | Enterogenous | Chylolymphatic | Dermoid | Urogenital remnant | 1b | single | The most common non-neoplastic cysts are termed as mesothelial cysts or chylolymphatic cyst because it contains chyle. These cysts usually occur in adults with a mean age of 45 years. Reference : Sabiston Textbook of Surgery, 19th Edition, page no = 1104. | Surgery | G.I.T |
d287ad5b-74b5-43fa-b87f-46c5d6613d86 | Beta blockers that can be used in renal failure are all except: | Propranolol | Pindolol | Sotalol | Oxprenolol | 2c | multi | Ans. (C) Sotalol(Ref: KDT 8th/e p162)Lipid insoluble b-blockers like sotalol, atenolol, nadolol etc are excreted by the kidney and should be avoided in renal failure. Beta blockers contraindicated in renal failure are:A-AtenololN-NadololS-Sotalol | Pharmacology | Adrenergic System |
f6790774-4324-435f-94bf-53769d4918f1 | A 12-year-old child presents with 4 lesions of leprosy on back and four lesions on left arm. What should be the treatment of this child? | once monthly and daily | Rifampicin 600 mg once monthly + Dapsone 100 mg daily | once monthly + Dapsone 50 mg daily + Clofazimine 50 mg alternate day | Rifampicin 450 mg once monthly + Dapsone 50 mg daily | 2c | single | Ans. (C) (Rifampicin 450 mg + Clofazimine 150 mg) once monthly + Dapsone 50 mg daily + Clofazimine 50 mg alternate day(Ref: National Leprosy Eradication programme)This is a case of multibacillary leprosy. The multi drug therapy for in adults (15 years or above) is Rifampicin 600 mg plus clofazimine 300 mg once monthly ... | Pharmacology | Chemotherapy: General Principles |
a898b84e-6b36-4657-8cd4-86222a4c6323 | Keratomalacia includes the following except: | Night blindness | Severe pain in the eye | Xerosis of the cornea | Perforation of cornea | 1b | multi | Ans. Severe pain in the eye | Ophthalmology | null |
547cfe20-e116-4ba3-813d-1da6ded78283 | Nerve root of pudendal nerve is ? | SIS,S, | S,S3S, | S3-S, | S2-S3 | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., S2S3S4 NerveRoot valveSiatic nerveL 4, 5 S 1,2,3 L Tibial nerve4, 5 S 1,2,3 Common peroneal nerveL4,5 S 1,2Superior gluteal nerveL 4,5 S 1Inferior gluteal nerveL 5 S 1,2Nerve to quadratus femorisL 4,5 S 1Nerve to obturatus internusL 5 S 1,2Superior gemellus L 4,5 S 1Infeior gemellusL 4,5 S 1,2 S Poste... | Anatomy | null |
8a73f55d-6219-43d6-9d17-a0d9f3a5edc4 | All are complications of hyperemesis gravidarum, EXCEPT? | Mallory weiss tears | Wernickes encephalopathy | Renal Failure | Hiatus hernia | 3d | multi | Complications of hyperemesis gravidarum are: Neurological Others Wernickes encephalopathy Gastric ulcers Korsakoff psychosis Mallory Weiss tears Retinal hemorrhages Liver damage Pontine myelinosis Renal failure Convulsions Coagulopathy Coma | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Vomiting in pregnancy |
48c2abe7-dcfd-4b5c-bff9-8e10d8b23668 | Muscle NOT supplied by cranial nerve III: | Superior oblique | Superior rectus | Inferior oblique | Medial rectus | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Superior ObliqueRef.-.BDC 6th ed. Vol-III/360-62* Again remember the mnemonics LR6 S04 and all other by CN III* Superior oblique is supplied by CN IV (trochlear nerve).* Refer to above answer for more detailed explanation. | Anatomy | Orbit |
6cb437d0-825a-48aa-91e0-d5059ff85f2e | A 22-year-old woman has an abnormal cervical Pap smear. A biopsy is obtained from a suspicious area on the cervix. The pathology report says, "There is a loss of the normal orientation of the squamous cells. Atypical cells with wrinkled nuclei and perinuclear halos involve the full thickness of the squamous epithelium.... | Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) I with koilocytic atypia | CIN II with koilocytic atypia | CIN III with koilocytic atypia | Inflammatory atypia secondary to colposcopy ar¬tifact | 2c | single | The patient has cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III with koilocytic atypia secondary to the human papillomavirus. The designation CIN III encompasses both severe dysplasia and carcinoma in situ.
Cervical dysplasia is a precursor lesion of cervical squamous cancer. Most cases of cervical dysplasia occur in wom... | Unknown | null |
5c2aaf5f-e104-48ab-b1b2-248edfc329b3 | Drugs used topically for dermatophvtes - | Econazole | Cyclopirox oleamine | Terbinafine | All of the above | 3d | multi | Econazole is an antifungal medication related to fluconazole (Diflucan), ketoconazole (Nizoral), itraconazole (Sporanox), and clotrimazole (Lotrimin, Mycelex). Econazole prevents fungal organisms from producing vital substances required for growth and function * Ciclopirox olamine (CPO) is a hydroxypyridone derivative ... | Dental | Fungal infections, Scabies, Pediculosis |
888dc2a3-b439-4f3a-b0e2-02b38634678e | The completed family size may be estimated by: | Bih rate | Death rate | Total feility rate | Age specific feility rate | 2c | single | The total feility rate gives the approximate estimation of completed family size. It represents the average number of children a woman would have if she were to pass through her reproductive years bearing children at the same rates as the women now in each age group. TOTAL FEILITY RATE = (SUM OF THE AGE SPECIFIC FEILIT... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7553dabe-8911-41c0-81f3-6ee3e35b3017 | What is Felanga? | Torture method of slapping over ears | Suspension by ankles | Tying plastic bag and cause suffocation | Beating over the soles | 3d | single | Felanga is a method of torture in which rods or sticks are used to beat on foot. | Forensic Medicine | null |
6d8023fe-7a66-445c-9c74-8f012d3a027e | In a patient of unilateral loss of vision, the patient had injury to opposite eye leading to corneal opacification. The patient was operated by corneal grafting, he could see clearly again with one eye. The injury is said to be | Simple | Grievous | Dangerous | Hazardous | 0a | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Grievous This patient had permanent vision loss as it was corrected by surgery (corneal transplant). Permanent loss of sight of either eye is grievous hu. Injuries can be classified as 1. A simple injury is one which is neither extensive nor serious, and which would heal rapidly without leaving any pe... | Forensic Medicine | null |
52208617-c3a7-4e5d-97f5-e0e47cd31a5d | Which of the following nerves are affected after spinal anaesthetic block – | Motor and sensory only | Sensory and autonomic nerve only | Sensory nerves only | Sensory, autonomic and motor nerves | 3d | single | Local anesthetics block generation and conduction of nerve impulse at all part of neuron where they come in contact, without causing structural damage. Thus not only sensory but motor impulses and autonomic control is also interrupted. | Anaesthesia | null |
44d93ee0-64e7-4a5a-91e2-03c05c78dc93 | The following statements regarding methylxanthines are true except: | It enhances the receptor - mediated actions of adenosine | It can enhance water and electrolyte excretion | It can relax bronchial smooth muscles | Long-term ingestion can produce tolerance and physical dependence | 0a | multi | Methyl xanthines inhibit cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and can antagonize receptor-mediated actions of adenosine.
Long-term ingestion of methyl xanthines can produce tolerance and physical dependence.
It can relax various smooth muscles including the bronchial muscles.
It increases glomerular filtration rate and ... | Pharmacology | null |
c54e031d-80ce-45e4-9ffa-af1e98cc4367 | True statement about Esmolol is/are: | It is an alpha blocker | It has a long half life | It is not cardioselective | It is used in LV decompensation | 3d | multi | Ref: KD Tripathi pharmacology 7th edition (page.no: 148) esmolol is a selective beta1 blocker. so it is a cardioselective It is an ultrasho-acting beta 1 blocker Uses are LV decompensation, Supraventricular tachycardia, Atrial fibrillation or flutter | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
3142188d-5af0-4ba5-a66e-cb4a1a259690 | Aspergillus causes all except ? | Bronchopulmonary allergy | Otomycosis | Dermatophytosis | Allergic sinusitis | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dermatophytosis | Microbiology | null |
0f8e07d8-74a7-4053-8c6d-aa07e2aa7ef0 | Most common mode of transmission of Pasturella multocida is - | Animal bites or scratches | Aerosols or dust | Contaminated tissue | Human to human | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Animal bites or scratches | Microbiology | null |
91f11aee-d509-4f72-a733-c51f99efc355 | The first sign of Vitamin A deficiency is | Conjunctival xerosis | Corneal ulcer | Keratomalacia | Bitot's spot | 0a | single | Modified classification WHO (Xerophthalmia) XN: Night blindnessXIA: Conjunctival xerosis XIB: Bitot's spotsX2: Corneal xerosisX3A: Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia less than 1/3rd corneal surfaceX3B: Corneal ulceration/keratomalacia equal to or more than 1/3rd corneal surface XS: Corneal scarXF: Xerophthalmia fundus. | Microbiology | All India exam |
61200085-29d1-4b4d-8df9-35092ab0d131 | In collagen synthesis, hydroxyproline is formed from | Proline | Lysine | Hydroxylysine | None of the above | 0a | multi | Collagen is initially synthesized as a larger precursor polypeptide, pro-collagen. Numerous prolyl and lysyl residues of pro-collagen are hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase, enzymes that require ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Hydroxy-prolyl and hydroxy-lysyl residues provide additional hydrogen bondin... | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein |
329f1be6-ba5d-4223-91ab-df95b50e0645 | 4-day-old newborn baby having icterus involving sole, bilirubin level (mg/dl) - | 12 | 8 | 6 | 15 | 3d | single | Dermal staining of bilirubin Described by Kramer
Jaundice progress in cephalocaudal direcon o Divided in 5 zone Zone Bilirubin
4-6 mg/dl - Face
6-8 mg/dl - Trun k & upper abdomen
8-12 mg/dl - Lower abdomen & thign
12-14 mg/dl - Arm & leg 5) > 15 mg/dl - Palm & sol | Pediatrics | null |
c2465b3f-93c6-4e41-af60-ff4bf8a8bdb0 | All are parts of anterior segment of eye except | Lens | Cornea | Vitreous | None | 2c | multi | o The eyeball is divided into two segments : -
A. Anterior segment
Part of eyeball anterior to posterior border of lens is called anterior segment.
It consists of lens, and structures anterior to it, i.e., cornea, iris and two aqueous humor-filled spaces, i.e., anterior and posterior chambers.
i. Anterior chambers :... | Ophthalmology | null |
9a7ba331-ff55-4562-bed1-ccb197f5da2d | All are common causes of maternal moality except? | Post-paum hemorrhage | Infection | Cardiac failure | Anaemia | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cardiac failure | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
e4e3a793-22c9-4e91-bc45-a5bf7cd70496 | Lowest threshold for excitation in a motor neuron is at- | Dendrites | Body | Axon hillock | Terminal buttons | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Axon hillocko Neuron is the functional unit (basic unit of nervous tissue). It is specialized for the function of reception, integration and transmission of information in the body.o The basic structure of neuron is best studied in a spinal motor neuron. This cell has a 'cell body (soma)' with 5-7 sma... | Physiology | Nerve Physiology |
06fc6089-7e65-4752-8fb1-6c2fe817c466 | A 55-year-old hypeensive patient has a standing BP 190/100 and sitting BP-180/100. He also has irregularly irregular rhythm, double apical impulse, and bilateral basal crepitations. But no murmurs could be auscultated and hea rate could not be determined. What is the likely cause? | Left Atrial Myxoma | Mitral regurgitation | Cor Pulmonale | Left ventricular hyperophy | 3d | single | Condition Features Left atrial Myxoma More common in a young female with symptoms of myxoma platypnea and low cardiac output since the tumor limits the blood flow into the left ventricle. Mitral regurgitation Ruled out as no murmur was auscultated in the patient Cor pulmonale Ruled out as primary lung disease or findin... | Medicine | ECG and Arrhythmia 2 |
0f0691da-78ff-4054-ae1a-4515a9760ce1 | Most effective contraceptive for a healthy newly married couple is: | OCP | Progesterone only pills | IUCD | Condoms | 0a | single | Combined OCP are best contraceptive for a newly married couple to delay first child bih as much as possoible | Social & Preventive Medicine | Natural Methods, Barrier Methods, IUDs, OCPs |
541c4f1c-069b-4436-937e-3ac809e8ea28 | Leiden factor is - | Factor VI | Factor VIII | Factor IV | Factor V | 3d | single | Approximately 2% to 15% of whites carry a specific factor V mutation (called the Leiden mutation, after the Dutch city where it was first described). The mutation alters an amino acid residue in factor V and renders it resistant to protein C. Thus, an impoant antithrombotic counter-regulatory mechanism is lost. Heteroz... | Pathology | General pathology |
a2416775-9869-4134-a6dc-1168d8e7527e | Regarding phenytoin all are true except | Potent microsomal enzyme inducer | Highly protein bound | At lower concentration it follows zero order kinetics | With increasing dose, the T 1/2 increases | 2c | multi | At lower concentration it follows zero order kinetics A child with respiratory infection and membrane over peritonsillar area is suspected of having Diptheria. Both Blood Tellurite media & Loeffler serum slope can be used for culture but Diptheria is one emergency so the media in which it can be cultured quickly is use... | Pharmacology | null |
50622588-2b18-4d06-a139-5625301302e4 | Most common cause of surgically treatable male infeility is - | Varicocele | Cryptorchidism | Stricture urethra | Epidydimitis | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Varicocele | Surgery | null |
4f791288-7b77-4536-8e48-8f54532144bb | CAMP test is positive for? | Group A streptococcus | Group B streptococcus | Group C streptococcus | Group D streptococcus | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Group B streptococcus | Microbiology | null |
5f8f8709-607d-41c4-9e12-17986fb6b5d7 | Which of the following would be least affected by injections of TSH? | Uptake of Iodine by Thyroid | Synthesis of thyroglobulin | cGMP in Thyroid cells | Production of TSH | 0a | single | Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, TSH, or hTSH for human TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body. It is a glycoprotein hormone syn... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
ced09271-454f-4fad-bdb2-a13f11b5936a | Commonly used route of administration for general anaesthesia is – | Inhalational | Intravenous | Intra-arterial | Subcutaneous | 1b | single | This question is a bit confusing one because of the following two facts :-
"For the induction of anaesthesia, intravenous anaesthetics are used mostly".
"For the maintenance of anaesthesia, inhalational agents are used most commonly".
But following statement will clear the doubts.
"Now a day, most of the minor surgi... | Anaesthesia | null |
f7dcd9d0-c95c-4a71-81db-b490fd4a4e56 | NARP syndrome is seen in: | Mitochondrial diseases | Glycogen storage diseases | Lysosomal storage diseases | Lipid storage diseases | 0a | single | NARP syndrome (Neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa), is a condition related to changes in mitochondrial DNA. | Pathology | Miscellaneous |
421b5004-52ba-48bb-9ccd-e2abfd9a0ac5 | Tensilon test is used for? | Botulism | Arsenic | Iron | Phenol | 0a | single | TENSILON TEST : edrophonium is used to differentiate botulism from myasthenia gravis. Botulism Tensilon test Arsenic Marsh Test Iron Desferrioxamine colour test Phenol Ferric chloride test | Forensic Medicine | Toxicology - 3 |
8e12a3be-fa6b-4e4c-af9b-536cb9da2693 | Atypical pneumonia can be caused by the following microbial agents except ? | Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Legionella peumophila | Human corona virus | Klebsiella pneumoniae | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Kleibsella pneumoniae Atypical pneumonia is interstial pneumonia, while Kleibsella causes airspace pneumona. Kleibsella pneumonia presents as a typical 'air space' pneumonia with cough productive of purulent sputum. Causes of Atypical pneumonias Mycoplasma pneumonias Viral pneumonias -4 Influenza, RSV... | Pathology | null |
643e2b63-bdea-426d-b93b-c68c7be359ff | Which of the following does not result in the release of nitric oxide | Fenoldopam | Hydralizine | Nitroprusside | Nitroglycerin | 0a | single | Refer katzung 11e 180-181 nitric oxide donors include Sodium nitroprusside organic nitrates nitrates Hydralazine Propofol Nebivolol | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
b332056f-8e56-4acf-898c-bdbf84f46d3b | Ring scotoma is seen in –a) Retinitis pigmentosa b) Glaucomac) Cataractd) Retinal detachment | ab | a | ad | bc | 0a | single | Ring scotoma is seen in retinitis pigmentosa, high myopia, POAG, aphakic spectacle correction and after panretinal photocoagulation. | Ophthalmology | null |
bd0e7dda-2f75-4c00-bea7-29ec1c582ec3 | Paneth cells cotain | Zinc | Copper | Molybdenum | Selenium | 0a | single | Refer Robbins page no Pg 804 Paneth cell contains zinc along with lysozyme.they ate involved in gut defence | Anatomy | G.I.T |
0f021f1b-160f-4983-8686-7728cf8db0f3 | Inability to adduct the thumb is due to the injury of:March 2009 | Median nerve | Ulnar nerve | Radial nerve | Musculocutaneous nerve | 1b | single | Ans. B: Ulnar NerveUlnar NerveI. Lesion at the elbowThe term cubital tunnel syndrome is often used for ulnar nerve compression at the elbow.Total paralysis of the nerve, including those branches of the nerve serving the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor carpi ulnaris muscles, causes wasting along medial side of for... | Surgery | null |
a24c00fa-4767-49b2-be04-40ebabc88f9c | A patient presents with symptoms of hypoglycemia. Investigations reveal decreased blood glucose and increased insulin levels. C-peptide assay is done which shows normal levels of C-peptide. The most likely diagnosis is - | Insulinoma | Accidental sulfonylurea ingestion | Accidental exogenous insulin administration | Accidental metformin ingestion | 2c | single | Answer is option 3- accidental exogenous insulin administration. Normal /reduced levels of C-peptide in the presence of increased insulin suggests a diagnosis of exogenous insulin administration as the cause of hypoglycemia. In patients with hypoglycemia and increased insulin, measure C-peptide - - - - - - increased C-... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
847e1581-1d8a-405a-9112-0b295915ec22 | All of the following are taken into consideration in Kuppuswamy scale EXCEPT- | Education status | Occupational status | Living/Housing conditions | Per capita Income | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Living/Housing conditions | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
399b025d-6b6a-4006-b896-9e3ec19c806d | Anaerobic streptococci; which is the most effective - | Penicillin | Clindamycin | Vancomycin | Erythromycin | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Clindamycin Amongst the given options, clindamycin is most active against anaerobes. | Pharmacology | null |
5085490e-fbf3-4d47-8bc1-d519ec32cf00 | Copper containing enzyme is ? | Cytochrome oxidase | Catalase | LDH | None | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Cytochrome oxidase Copper containing enzymes are cytochrome oxidase, tyrosinase, lysyl oxidase, ferroxidase (ceruloplasmin), Ascorbic acid oxidase, and superoxide dismutase. | Biochemistry | null |
26c9d98f-d399-4488-b452-c5bfabfa62f6 | Elemental iron supplementation in Iron deficiency anemia is - | 300-400 mg | 150-200 mg | 100-150 mg | <100 mg | 2c | single | One tablet of iron containing 100mg of elemental iron is given daily. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 594 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Nutrition and health |
5bdaa275-8f3d-42a5-8dd1-60c2798105dc | Cherry red spot is seen in the following except ? | Hunter syndrome | Hallervordenspatz disease | Goldberg's disease | Multiple aromatase deficiency | 3d | multi | Ans. is `d' i.e., Multiple aromatase deficiency | Ophthalmology | null |
8271427a-c84b-4a66-9d87-a5ce283db354 | Which one of the following stromal dystrophy is a recessive condition ? | Lattice dystrophy | Granular dystrophy | Macular dystrophy | Fleck dystrophy | 2c | single | It is an autosomal recessive dystrophy characterised by appearance of dense grey opacity in the central cornea. The condition results due to accumulation of mucopolysaccharides owing to a local enzyme deficiency. It occurs in childhood (5 to 10 years) and leads to marked defective vision in early life, which usually re... | Ophthalmology | Cornea and sclera |
6acc1633-9473-4431-89c8-56cf69d8f30f | A person hearing two different tones in left and right ears when presented with a single tone. This condition is called. | Diplacusis | Paracusis | Presbycusis | Hyperacusis | 0a | multi | (a) Diplacusis(Ref. Cummings, 6th ed., 2556)Paracusis Willisii is paradoxical hearing better in noisy surroundings and is a feature of otosclerosisPresbycusis is age related hearing lossHyperacusis is normal sounds appearing louder and is a feature of facial nerve palsy | ENT | Ear |
1b93d171-aabf-4d11-a454-6c121d7307d0 | Hassal corpuscles are seen in: (Repeat) | Thymus | Thyroid | Parathyroid | Spleen | 0a | single | Ans: A (Thymus) Ref: Gray's Anatomy, 40th Ed, Pg 939Explanation:Hassal's corpusclesThese are whorls of flattened, concentrically layered medullary epithelial cells, and are characteristic features of the thymic medulla.They start to form before birth and their numbers increase throughout life.Their function is not clea... | Anatomy | Histology |
cea5fb4c-1464-44ff-ae9f-b9c4e5be97fd | A 21-year-old woman is in the third trimester of an uncomplicated pregnancy. She has noted an enlarging nodule in her mouth for the past 2 weeks. On physical examination, there is a 1-cm red nodule on the left lateral gingiva below the first molar. The nodule regresses the following delivery. What is this nodule most l... | Bacillary angiomatosis | Capillary hemangioma | Cavernous lymphangioma | Glomus tumor | 1b | single | A so-called pyogenic granuloma is described. Half of them are related to trauma and represent an exuberant repair reaction with granulation tissue. They can ulcerate and bleed. Bacillary angiomatosis represents a vascular proliferation that occurs in immunocompromised patients infected with Bartonella organisms. Cavern... | Pathology | Blood Vessels |
7d5f556b-69ab-47a6-a8b3-a8bb47661ecc | Amacrine cells are seen in | Cornea | Retina | Lens | Iris | 1b | single | (B) Retina > 4 type of cells: bipolar cells, ganglion cells, horizontal cells & amacrine cells are present in retina. | Physiology | Special Senses: Vision and its Elements |
8fffa0c4-ab46-4f69-b02b-ee6dfb8ca23a | In a male after laparoscopic cholecystectomy specimen is sent for histopathology which shows carcinoma gallbladder stage T la. Appropriate management is: | Conservative and follow up. | Extended cholecystectomy | Excision of all po sites | Radiotherapy | 2c | multi | Excision of all po sites Repeat from Nov 08 The appropriate management for gallbladder cancer depends on the stage of cancer. Let's first see the TNM staging for gallbladder cancer. TNM staging of Gallbladder cancer Primary tumor (T) TO No evidence of primary tumor Tis Carcinoma in situ T1 Tumor invades lamina propria ... | Surgery | null |
e8395b92-ecf9-4496-90f7-2231fab5499a | A 28-year-old man who is a singer/songwriter has been experiencing hard times for the past 3 years. He has played at a couple of clubs a night to earn enough to avoid homelessness. He comes to the free clinic because he has noticed that his voice quality has become progressively hoarser over the past year. On physical ... | Croup | Epiglottitis | Reactive nodule | Squamous cell carcinoma | 2c | single | Reactive nodules (vocal cord polyps, or singer's nodules) occur most often in men who are heavy smokers or who strain their vocal cords. The nodules are generally only a few millimeters in size and have a fibrovascular core covered by hyperplastic and hyperkeratotic squamous epithelium. They are not premalignant. Croup... | Pathology | Head & Neck |
510ed3b5-e357-4670-9b6d-8c9d19954e28 | Most common cause of pseudopancreatic cyst: (Repeat) | Acute pancreatitis | Abdomen trauma | Post pancreatic surgery | Pancreatic Carcinoma | 0a | single | Ans: A (Acute Pancreatitis) Ref: Sabiston Textbook of Surgen: 19th Edition, Pg 1524-25 & Schwartz's Principles of Surgery. 9th EditionExplanation:"Pancreatic pseadocysts occur usually as a complication of pancreatitis, although sonic occur after trauma" {Ref: Schwartz}.Pancreatic PseudocystsPancreatic pseudocysts occur... | Surgery | Pathophysiology - Acute Pancreatitis |
ab9ea2c3-33ee-4cb8-aa9e-cf6f7ad9ec3f | Which of the following is not true about acute retropharyngeal abscess | Dysphagia | Swelling on posterior wall of pharynx | Toicollis | Caries of cervical spine is usually a common cause | 3d | multi | CLINICAL FEATURES 1. Dysphagia and difficulty in breathing are prominent symptoms as the abscess obstructs the air and food passages. 2. Stridor and croupy cough may be present. 3. Toicollis. The neck becomes stiff and the head is kept extended. 4. The bulge in the posterior pharyngeal wall. Usually seen on one side of... | ENT | Pharynx |
8f58cb05-3be4-42ee-b018-2fc8a2c56fe1 | In Bing test, on alternately compressing and releasing the external acoustic meatus, the sound increases and decreases. What does this indicate? | Otosclerosis | Sensorineural deafness | Adhesive otitis media | Chronic suppurative otitis media | 1b | single | Bing test It is a test of bone conduction which examines the effect of occlusion of the ear canal and the hearing. A vibrating tuning fork is placed on the mastoid while the examiner alternately closes and opens the ear canal by pressing on the tragus inwards. A normal person / one with sensorineural hearing loss hears... | ENT | null |
a18654e2-2ffd-4f95-9014-989c649f4f98 | Recommended level of fluoride in drinking water? | 0.2-0.5 mg/L | 0-5-0.8 mg/L | 0.8-1.2 mg/L | 1.2-2.0 mg/L | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., 0.5 - 0.8 mg/L The recommended level of fluoride in drinking water in the country is accepted as 0.5 to 0.8 mg/ Liter. -Park Maximum permissible limit is 1.5 mg/Lit. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
01fecab4-5d70-48c9-8b0e-ae2aa2a370d8 | The time taken for the cell to divide and pass through the entire epithelium is known as: | Differentiation. | Turn over time. | Desquamation. | Maturation. | 1b | single | Differentiation – After mictosis, during its migration, a keratinocyte becomes committed to biochemical & morphologic changes.
Desquamation – Process of shedding of surface epithelial cells.
Maturation – Process of cell migration from the basal layer to the surface.
Turnover time / rate – The time taken for the cell to... | Dental | null |
0836cb7c-a052-4446-bf71-58221167ccaa | Which of the following two muscles contract together while climbing a tree? | Latissimus dorsi and trapezius | Teres major and minor | Teres major and pectoralis major | Latissimus dorsi and Pectorals major | 3d | single | Latissimus dorsi action: Adduction, extension, and medial rotation of the shoulder as in swimming rowing, climbing, pulling, folding Pectoralis Major: Helps in climbingRef: BD Chaurasia; Volume 1; 6th edition; Table: 3.2 and 5.2 | Anatomy | Upper limb |
fcb50961-37f2-42a1-b8bb-16f12a058481 | Muir toyre syndrome shows- | Sebaceous keratomas | Lisch nodules | Intestinal polyp | Hvperelastic joints | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sebaceous keratomasMuir - Torre syndrome is an autosomal skin condition of genetic origin characterized bv tumours of the sebaceous stand or keratoacanthoma that are associated with visceral malienant disease.Muir - Torre syndromeCutaneous characteristicVisceral malignant disease* Adenomao Colorectal*... | Medicine | G.I.T. |
ca909d67-d25e-46fb-8dd5-094d1cbc0a96 | Allograft rejection is an example of which type of hypersensitivity reaction - | Immediate hypersensitivity | Delayed hypersensitivity | Swazmans reaction | GVHD | 1b | multi | . Delayed hypersensitivity | Pathology | null |
3a9a6b32-089c-40b0-ab20-98e28c4672ca | How many superadded teeth appear in each jaw? | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 2c | single | An;. is 'c' i.e.,6 Temporary teeth, (milk teeth or deciduous teeth) sta appearing at about 6 months, are 20 in number: being 4 incisors, 2 canines and 4 molars in each jaw. They sta shedding at about 6 years, when permanent teeth sta appearing. | Forensic Medicine | null |
7c0f2f69-c8d7-48af-92f0-2b207319b063 | All of the following features about generalized (diffuse) systemic sclerosis are true, Except: | Raynaud's phenomenon seen years before skin changes | Trunk involvement | Anti centromere antibodies are characteristic | Frequent systemic symptoms | 2c | multi | Answer is C (Anticentromere antibodies are characteristic): Antitopoisomerase antibodies (Scl 70) are characteristic of diffuse systemic sclerosis and not Anticentromere antibodies. Subsets of systemic sclerosis (SSC): Limited cutaneous SSC versus diffuse cutaneous: Features Limited cutaneous SSc Diffuse cutaneous SSc ... | Medicine | null |
9d9fdfe0-ee83-4738-a210-597fcfb15c8c | Medical treatment for paraphillia includes ? | SSRIs | Benzodiazepines | Opioids | Barbiturates | 0a | single | Ans. A. SSRIsMedical treatment for paraphillia -Antidepressants, such as lithium and various selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)Long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormones (ie, medical castration), such as leuprolide acetate and triptorelinAntiandrogens (to lower sex drive)' such as medroxyprogesteroneaceta... | Psychiatry | null |
d6afe0aa-dd89-4cff-b9c3-e06dd75f5181 | A female patient was treated with antibiotics for chlamydia induced UTI, suddenly presents again with itching/pruritus, vaginal discharge, burning micturition. Which drug should be given? | Ceftriaxone | Azithromycin | Moxifloxacin | Amphotericin B | 1b | single | Ref: Goodman & Gillman 13th ed. P 1017* The patient in the given case has chlamydia induced UTI. The agent that can be preferred for management of such condition is fluroquinolones (FQ).* Books state: "FQs are more efficacious than trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole or oral B-Lactams". Moxifloxacin doesn't accumulate in ur... | Pharmacology | Anti Microbial |
421cdad6-1b11-416f-bede-39f50092cd9f | A 40 year old man presented with a flat 1 cm x 1 cm scaly, itchy clack mole on the front of thigh. Examination did reveal any inguinal lymphadenopathy. The best course of management would be | FNAC of the lesion | Incision biopsy | Exicisional biopsy | Wide excision with inguinal lymphadenectomy | 2c | single | Lymphangiomas are dilated dermal lymphatics that 'blister' onto the skin surface. The fluid is usually clear but may be blood-stained. In the long term, lymphangiomas thrombose and fibrose, forming hard nodules that may raise concerns about malignancy. If lymphangiomas are <5cm across, they are termed lymphangioma circ... | Surgery | Vascular surgery |
d1286fb8-4c88-4825-a83f-890ba52999e9 | A x ray film of skull is given, what is the diagnosis? | Osteoblastoma | Osteoma | Sinusitis | Multiple myeloma | 1b | single | Multiple paranasal osteomas are found in Gardner's syndrome. Multiple osteoma of the mandible and maxilla, along with the frontal, sphenoid and ethmoid sinuses, rarely the long bones or phalanges. Cutaneous and soft tissue tumors. Association between colonic Polyps With a predilection to malignant degeneration. Ref :Da... | Radiology | All India exam |
3084893e-7990-4e79-82a6-8a7a71ec6543 | Absolute contraindication for IVP is: | Idiosyncrasy to iodine | Multiple myeloma | Raised blood urea | All of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. Idiosyncrasy to iodine | Radiology | null |
c873914e-bb91-4b2a-ada4-9d37eeadcdf2 | What is the slogan of WHO for year 2018? | Universal health coverage: everyone, everywhere. | Depression: Let's Talk | Health for All | Diabetes:Scale up prevention, strengthen care, and enhance surveillance | 2c | multi | Slogan for 2018 is Health for all Theme for 2018 is Universal health coverage: everyone, everywhere NOTE Similar question was asked in NEET exam for 2019 exams the information should be gathered for current year. | Dental | null |
b99d964e-4a39-48ee-a1df-0fbeef048c77 | Which of the following statements about polycystic kidney disease is true | Polycystic kidney disease is n autosomal recessive disorder linked to a causative gene on the short arm of chromosome 16 | Erythropoietin levels are often low due to progressive renal failure. | Colonic diverticular disorder is a rare finding | Nephrotic range proteinuria is an uncommon finding | 3d | multi | Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is one of the most common hereditary disorders. Spontaneous mutations occur but account for only 10% or fewer of all cases. The majority of cases are linked to a causative gene located on the short arm of chromosome 16, referred to as ADPKD1. A second causative gene (ADPKD2)... | Unknown | null |
1a683d1c-f8b6-4dcc-9c1f-dea03eb5fcd2 | Mainlining is seen in which of the following drug abuse in which the patient will inject drug into main veins | Heroin | Cannabis | Cocaine | Morphine | 3d | single | Mainlining(SHIFT from peripheral to central vein injections) and skin popping(injecting SC) are seen in abuse of opioids opiod use is not a medical emergency like alcohol but opiod withdrawl is one of the ourite questions for examiners the famous quote that is used for describing opiod withdrawl is ALL ORIFICES BLEED W... | Psychiatry | Substance abuse |
053e9672-345c-4540-a86d-19dc10e84344 | Child criteria includes | Nutritional status | Serum bilirubin | Serum creatinine | Acid phosphate | 1b | single | Child - Turcotte-pugh(CTP) score CTP score is a measure to assess hepatic function in many liver diseases It was initially devised to classify patients into risk groups prior to undergoing Poo-systemic shunt surgeries It is used to assess prognosis in cirrhosis and many liver disease Divided into 3 classes Class A- 5-6... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
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