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1adfd4f1-b7bd-4d8c-ba21-e10c3ed9a37a | All except one are true for hepatitis B: | Veical transmission is more impoant than horizontal | Age of onset determines prognosis | Period of communicability lasts several months | Virus can be found in blood one month before | 0a | multi | Ans. a. Veical transmission is more impoant than horizontal "According to American journal of gastroenterology, the most common mode of transmission of hepatitis B in the world is horizontal transmission Hepatitis B Virus The mode of transmission of HBV depends upon the prevalence of hepatitis B in the region. Only ser... | Medicine | null |
6d217260-2da1-4db2-9078-5ecad573c06f | A 3-year-old girl is brought by her parents into the pediatrician for an urgent evaluation. The child recently started running a high fever in addition to refusing to eat or drink anything. She appears uncomfortable on her mom's lap, leaning very far forward. She is also drooling a fair amount. A cervical radiograph is... | Thumb sign | Batwing sign | Air-fluid levels | Honeycombing | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Thumb sign.Epiglottitis is an infection of the epiglottis which can lead to upper airway obstruction. It is most commonly seen in ages 3 to 6 years, and is most commonly caused by Haemophilus influenza B (HIB). The incidence has decreased 90% since the introduction of the HIB vaccine. Children present with fev... | Surgery | E.N.T. |
644e1330-7835-474e-b2b3-ecdd06c2e6e2 | Whiplash injury is caused due to - | A fall from a height | Acute hyperextension of the spine | A blow on top to head | Acute hyperflexion of the spine | 1b | multi | Whiplash injury results from acute hyperextension of the cervical spine in the region of C4-C6 vertebrae.
Note: Both hyperflexion and hyperextension (i.e. flexion followed by hyperextension) are involved in the mechanism of whiplash injury. But it is hyperextension which causes damage to the spinal cord. | Forensic Medicine | null |
7da4aec9-ba4e-4605-9e49-1605be614076 | Dysthyroid ophthalmopathy ,all are true except | Proptosis | Myopathy | Exophthalmous | Optic neuritis | 3d | multi | Optic nerve involvement in thyroid disease is compression optic neuropathy and not optic neuritis Refer khurana 6/e | Anatomy | General anatomy |
aafc5e06-f6d6-4e57-9613-0ba83ae67e93 | Which is MC genetic cause of Mental Retardation | Tuberous sclerosis | Cri-du-chat syndrome | Fragile-x-syndrome | Angle's syndrome | 2c | single | Most common cause of MR is fragile X syndrome. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a genetic disorder. FXS is caused by changes in a gene that scientists called the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene when it was first discovered. The FMR1 gene usually makes a protein called fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). ... | Pediatrics | Central Nervous system |
eea85ca4-d892-48a5-99c2-90ba29581479 | Agent used for sterilization - | Ethylene oxide | Ionizing radiation | 2% gluteraldehyde | Formaldehyde with low pressure steam | 0a | single | All are disinfectants but ethylene oxide is used for sterilizing hea-lung machines ,respiratory sutures ,dental equipments books and clothings. it is unsuitable for fumigating rooms because of its explosive propey. it has been successfully used to sterilise a wide range of materials such as glass metal and paper surfac... | Microbiology | general microbiology |
d3beda05-92f6-4af3-9661-86beea16442e | Which of the following reflexes is not present at bih- | Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex | Moro's Reflex | Symmetric tonic neck reflex | Crossed extensor reflex | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Symmetric Tonic neck reflexes Neonatal reflexes o A number of primitive neonatal reflexes can be elicited in healthy term neonate. o These disappear as the child grows ---> These reflexes are inhibited by frontal lobes as child grows. o Absence of reflex responses indicates dysfunction of central or p... | Pediatrics | null |
e56699d6-9c16-4ccb-ac35-2ab572afc182 | A witness, who after taking oath, willfully makes a statement which he knows or believes to be false is guilty of offence under section | 190 IPC | 191 IPC | 192 IPC | 193 IPC | 3d | multi | 193 IPC: Punishment for false evidence Whoever intentionally gives false evidence in any of a judicial proceeding, or fabricates false evidence for the purpose of being used in any stage of a judicial proceeding, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and s... | Forensic Medicine | Medico legal procedures |
b806c08d-02ae-45d6-a4a8-a2b8d4396fe2 | A 20-year-old man presents with dysuria, urgency, and urethral discharge. Physical examination shows suppurative urethritis, with redness and swelling at the urethral meatus. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of urethritis in this patient? | Borrelia recurrentis | Chlamydia trachomatis | Haemophilus ducreyi | Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 3d | single | Urethritis is the most common manifestation of sexually transmitted diseases in men, in whom it typically presents with urethral discharge. Both gonococcal and nongonococcal urethritis have an acute onset and are related to recent sexual intercourse. The infection manifests with urethral discharge, typically purulent a... | Pathology | Male Genital Tract |
a7b00cd7-2fd2-4000-8098-65a47b76dded | Watson and Crick are associated with | Discovery of helical structure of DNA | Association of Helicobacter pylori with chronic gastritis | Discovery of HIV virus | None of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) Discovery of helical structure of DNA(Ref: Emery genetics)Francis Harry Compton Crick, James Dewey Watson and Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins were awarded the 'Nobel Prize' in 1962 "for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living ... | Pathology | Genetics |
c32ba701-cefd-4a4b-a22e-b630303a5c41 | Which of the following neurotransmitter has an inhibitory control over the GnRH neurons before the onset of pubey? | Glycine | Glutamate | Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) | Beta-endorphin | 2c | single | Before the onset of pubey, the GnRH neurons are under the inhibitory control of GABA. Gamma amino butyric acid is a dominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the hypothalamus. Inhibition of GnRH neurons by GABA is mediated Glutamergic neurons. A reciprocal innervations between GABAergic and Glutamergic neurons are found.... | Physiology | null |
b5c330b2-5f0e-4c60-bf50-4853f40b1496 | Fluoroquinolones act on - | DNA histone proteins | DNA gyrase | Camp | mRNA polymerise | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., DNA gyrase o Fluoroquinolones (including ciprofloxacin) inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. For gram negative bacteria, the primary target is DNA gyrase, while topoisomerase IV is inhibited in gram positive bacteria. | Pharmacology | null |
511d43a1-27e9-4d74-9564-91eb23024678 | Iron absorption occurs from | Ileum | Small intestine and jejunum | Stomach | Oesophagus | 1b | multi | Almost all iron absorption occur in duodenum & upper jejunum (proximal small intestine). Absorption of the majority of nutrients takes place in the jejunum, with the following notable exceptions: Vitamin B12 and bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Water and lipids are absorbed by passive diffusion throughout... | Physiology | null |
b84b30d2-1291-488e-a469-c59c5aa923f3 | All of the following are functions of CD4 helper cells except: | Immunogenic memory | Produce Immunoglobulins | Activate macrophages | Activate cytotoxic cells. | 1b | multi | Immunoglobulins are secreted from the B lymphocytes. however, T helper cells helps the B cells, by activating it and produce into plasma cells. These plasma cells secrete the immunoglobulins. Thus, T helper cells indirectly helps in secretion of immunoglobulins. Ref: Andrew E. Williams, "The immune system", In the book... | Microbiology | null |
38e42502-c480-451b-9b45-dbc12a797c6c | All are the features of carcinoid syndrome except: September 2007 | Wheezing | Diarrhea | Acute appendicitis | Flushing | 2c | multi | Ans. C: Acute appendicitis The most common (and often earliest) sign is an uncomfoable flushing, typically of the head and neck, often precipitated by emotional stress or the ingestion of food, hot beverages, or alcohol. Striking skin color changes may occur, ranging from pallor or erythema to a violaceous hue. Abdomin... | Medicine | null |
61211b17-cf83-4d59-8f0a-45926cd926f3 | Which antigen of rabies virus stimulates antibody production ? | Lipoprotein | Glycoprotein | Phosphoprotein | Intranuclear protein | 1b | single | Ans. is 'B' i.e., GlycoproteinThere are following antigenic structures in rabies virus :?1) Glycoprotein G (on surface spikes)It is impoant in virulence, pathogenesis and immunity.It is serotype specific.It induces protective antibodies(D""), mediates binding of virus to Ach receptors and stimulates cytotoxic T-cells.2... | Microbiology | null |
1212034e-8731-428b-bf55-d9ed1dc4cbe2 | Air pressure of atmosphere at sea level (pound/square inch): March 2013 (g) | 3-Feb | 7-May | 11-Sep | 13-15 | 3d | single | Ans. D i.e. 13-15 | Medicine | null |
4eaeb732-b4bf-4128-9e4f-f12b4af7461b | In "three glass test" shreds are presents in first glass only. The most probable diagnosis is: | Prostatitis | Cystitis | Urethritis | Renal pathology | 2c | single | Three-glass test is a test to determine the location of an infection affecting the male urinary system. The bladder is emptied by passing urine into a series of 3-ounce test tubes, and the contents of the first and the last are examined; The first tube contains the washings from the anterior urethra, The second, materi... | Surgery | Urinary bladder |
ab31c61c-7d7b-4768-af4e-a76d569ba12d | Method of sterilization which is least effective is - | Pomeroys technique | Laparascopy | Vaginal fimbriectomy | Hysteroscopic tubal occlusion | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' Hysteroscopic tubal occlusion Hysteroscopic tubal occlusion is done by 2 methods and both these methods have high failure rates.Due to high failure rate this method is obsolete nowPomeroy's method has failure rate of 0.4%Laparoscopic sterilization has failure rate 0.6%Fimbriectomy - Permanent sterilization | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Female Sterilization |
727efe5e-9b4f-4f4a-95c3-51b405e73c6a | The red velvety appearance of stomach mucosa is seen in the poisoning of | Lead | Arsenic | Copper | Mercury | 1b | single | (Refer: Rajesh Bardale - Principle of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, 1 st edition, pg no: 430) | Anatomy | All India exam |
d77edfcc-8984-42cc-97f2-682507eeb943 | NOT a feature of Horner's syndrome | Exophthalmos | Ptosis of upper eyelid | Miosis | Anhydrosis | 0a | single | (A) Exophthalmos # HORNER'S SYNDROME:> Enophthalmos, Ptosis, Miosis, & Ipsilateral loss of sweating (Anhydrosis)> Malignant pleural effusion often leads to dyspnea.> Pancoast's (or superior sulcus tumor) syndrome results from local extension of a tumor growing in the apex of the lung with involvement of the eighth cerv... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
dcadf283-345d-4e54-b250-9a2de42ee073 | Which is not seen in iron deficiency anaemia ? | Hyper-segmented neutrophils | Microcytosis preceeds hypochromia | MCHC < 50 % | Commonest cause of anaemia in India | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hypersegmented neutrophills | Pathology | null |
9041c2c4-1931-4a19-bb99-900ed88b136b | All of the following form the ligamentous extensions of the hypogastric sheath, EXCEPT: | Uterosacral ligament | Mackenrodt's ligament | Lateral true ligaments of bladder | Broad ligament | 3d | multi | Broad ligament is a false ligament of the uterus. It is a large double fold of peritoneum extending from the body of the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall. The Hypogastric sheath is formed by the fibrous, condensed poions of the endopelvic fascia which lies between, and is continuous with, both the visceral and parieta... | Anatomy | null |
1e0a4833-c273-448a-b231-87b0e814f308 | A 40-year old diabetic patient presents with proptosis of one eye and black eschar over palate. The likely organism is: | Pseudomonas | Candida | E. coli | Mucor | 3d | single | Mucormycosis can affect the upper respiratory, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, and central nervous systems. The clinical manifestation of the condition is headache with nasal discharge and sinus pain. Infection quickly spreads from the sinuses to contiguous structures. Ocular involvement manifests as proptosis,... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
a1671ae7-e8f1-4d3c-a7d9-cd3492ef2093 | Investigation of choice for varicose veins: March 2012, March 2013 | Duplex ultrasound imaging | Standard Doppler examination | Varicography | Venography | 0a | single | Ans: A i.e. Duplex ultrasound imaging Investigation of varicose veins Many now believe that all patients with varicose veins should undergo an assessment by duplex scan Standard Doppler examination is not an accurate method of establishing incompetence of the lesser saphenous incompetence. In all cases of sho saphenous... | Surgery | null |
d939fa7c-b0ef-4987-bd06-cae31bd335fc | The reference protein is ? | Fish | Egg | Rice | Lemon | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Egg Eggs are used in nutrition studies as a "reference protein" as eggs proteins are considered to be the best among food proteins because of their high biological value and digestibility. So NPU is also high because it is the product of biological value and digestibility cofficient divided by 100. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
83f99b80-482a-4964-9f5e-cf1b52a49b09 | Inferior thyroid aery arises from which of these vessels | Thyrocervical trunk | Branchiocephalic trunk | Internal carotid aery | External carotid aery | 0a | single | Inferior thyroid aery is a branch of the thyrocervical trunk which arises from the subclan aery.Notes: It runs first upwards, then medially and finally downwards to reach the lower pole of the thyroid gland.Ref: BD Chaurasia; volume 3; 6th edition; pg 143 | Anatomy | Head and neck |
9355f323-6c2b-4849-baeb-b02606adf4cb | A patient presents with a penetrating chest wound associated with intrathoracic haemorrhage. A thoracotomy is done by taking an incision in the 41h/51h intercostals space staing 1 cm away from the lateral margin of the sternum. This is done to avoid injury to the | Pleura | Intercostal aery | Internal thoracic aery | Intercostal nerve | 2c | single | C i.e. Internal thoracic aeryIntercostal (external, internal & innermost) muscles (not transverses thoracic) are pierced in pleural taping in mild axillary line.Latissimus dorsi, serratus anterior, rhomboidus major & intercostal muscles are cut in posterolateral thoracotomy whereas pectoralis is cut in anterior & anter... | Anatomy | null |
b15b6c95-a13b-4d95-9f0d-cb28060144b4 | Which of the following will have the highest magnitude of the increased Alveolar aeriolar gradient at rest? | Interstitial lung disease | Massive Pulmonary embolism | Acute severe asthma | FB leading to upper airway obstruction | 1b | single | Normal alveolar aeriolar gradient is 5-15 mm Hg. In interstitial lung disease, diffusion effect is present but PO2 can be normal and decreases in exercise. Hence in ILD A-a gradient is normal at rest and increases in exercise Massive pulmonary embolism, the increased dead space leads to very low PO2 and an increase of ... | Medicine | COPD and Asthma |
70a28913-d0dc-4eac-ab0e-18cc8c5d4d56 | Middle meningeal aery is a direct branch of: AI 06; Odisha 09; Punjab 12 | External carotid aery | Internal maxillary aery | Superficial temporal aery | Middle cerebral aery | 1b | single | Ans. Internal maxillary aery | Forensic Medicine | null |
14ecc5fe-cc26-40ff-bbce-a884d0182cb6 | What will be the staging of a squamous cell carcinoma if it T3N2Mo? | Stage II | Stage III | Stage IV | Stage I | 2c | single | Squamous cell carcinoma is classified as stage IV when:(i). Regional nodal metastases are N2 or N3 .N2 , node is more than 3 cm but less than 6 cm. It may be a single ipsilateral node, contralateral node or one node in a group of nodes. N3 means node size is longer than 6 cm.(ii). When primary growth is T4 with or with... | ENT | Facial Nerve And Its Disorders |
358f0eb6-4297-4386-b31b-e47ff7fefcfa | A newborn presenting with intestinal obstruction showed on X-ray multiple air fluid levels are seen. The diagnosis is most likely to be? | Pyloric obstruction | Duodenal atresia | Ileal atresia | Ladd's bands | 2c | single | Ans. CMultiple air-fluid levels indicate a more distal site of obstruction along the bowel-hence llieal atresia in the newborn. It is associated with cystic fibrosis. Plain radiograph shows multiple air fluid levels and dilated loops of proximal bowel. Barium enema shows microcolon. On antenatal USG it is often discove... | Radiology | G.I.T. |
59d4556e-ea0b-4b7c-8dd5-d7f02333ae84 | Drug of choice for Treponema Pallidum is? | Penicillin G | Tetracycline | Azithromycin | Doxycycline | 0a | multi | ANSWER: (A) Penicillin GREF: Microbiology, Volume 2; Volume 9, Part 2 edited by E. Edward Bittar, Neville Bittar p; 241See APPENDIX-65 for "SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES""Parenteral penicillin G remains the treatment of choice for syphilis (Treponema pallidu and resistance to penicillin has not been reported" | Pharmacology | D.O.C |
da3fb5aa-01f7-4997-8a15-a33ebc332167 | Ulnar paradox is seen in - | High ulnar nerve palsy | Low ulnar nerve palsy | Combined median and ulnar nerve palsy | Guyons Canal entrapment of ulnar nerve | 0a | single | Ans. is 'A' i.e.,Ulnar paradoxo Ulnar claw hand is seen in lower ulnar nerve palsy, not in high ulnar nerve palsy. It is called the ulnar paradoxo This is because in higher lesions long finger flexors (FDP of 3rd & 4th finger) are also paralyzed - IP joint flexion does not occur and therefore claw hand deformity is not... | Unknown | null |
8b35dc02-872a-4c9c-aa61-0083eb861491 | All are true about ansverse fracture of temporal bone except: | Facial nerve commonly involved | Sensorinueral deafness | Conductive deafness | These fractures are less common | 2c | multi | Transverse fracture of temporal bone
facial nerve palsies (disruption of fallopian canal containing the facial nerve)
sensorineural hearing loss (disruptionof vestibulocochlear nerve)
vertigo
injury to the internal carotid artery and/or jugular vein
fracture through the tegmen tympani results in CSF otorrhoea | Unknown | null |
d06ebe6a-cc58-4fdc-9502-017fc7185e02 | False regarding eating disorder is: | Neurohumoral related | Hereditary 80% | Starvation increases symptom | Penetrance is 50% | 3d | multi | D i.e. Penetrance is 50%Ref: Biological Psychiatry (edited by Hugo A. H. D'haenen, Johan A. Den Boer, Paul Willner) and Yilmaz Z, Hardaway Ja, Bulik Cm. Genetics and of Eating Disorders.Advances in Genomics and Genetics page 131-150Explanation:Pathological problems associated with eating are many, like pica, overeating... | Psychiatry | Mood Disorders |
29882704-8cd6-44f9-bd00-1ee152492e73 | Discharge from Baroreceptors causes inhibition of | Caudal Ventrolateral Medulla | Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla | Nucleus ambiguous | Nucleus tractus solitarus | 1b | single | B i.e. Rostral Ventrolateral Medulla | Physiology | null |
310bb630-b733-485a-bb37-42d0692fe53f | Hyperophic pyloric stenosis presents after how many months of bih : | One | Two | Three | Six | 0a | single | Pyloric stenosis is the most common surgical disorder producing emesis in infancy. It results from hyperophy of the circular and longitudinal muscularis of the pylorus and the distal antrum of the stomach with progressive narrowing of the pyloric canal. The cause is not known. The male-to-female incidence is 4:1.It pre... | Surgery | null |
7d7b26a3-c5e2-4dcb-a094-dfcfe67c5b57 | Integrin binds to? | Fibronectin | Vitronectin | Collagen | Laminin | 3d | single | Ans. (d) Laminin > FibronectinIntegrins localised in the plasma membrane are the major adhesion receptors connecting cells with components of the extracellular matrix. Integrins interact directly with laminin, fibronectin present in the basal lamina and intracellularly contact actin through intermediate proteins, such ... | Pathology | Cellular Pathology |
97c29203-f3dc-413f-b203-87c9b9667a5f | Nitric acid in synthesized from | L-arginine | L-citrulline | Lysine | Trptophan | 0a | single | Ref-Sathyanarayana 4/e p387 Dietary supplements containing L-arginine have been marketed with the purpose of increasing vasodilatation, and thus, blood and oxygen supply to the exercising muscle. The present study evaluated the acute effect of L-arginine supplementation on indicators of NO production, nitrite (NO2-) + ... | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids |
d1f589a8-5765-48a6-85e0-3fe0fee222fc | Percentage of Normal dead space is:- | 50-70 | 20-Oct | 30-40 | 80-90 | 2c | single | Dead space - Some of the air a person breathes never reaches the gas exchange areas but simply fills respiratory passages where gas exchange does not occur, such as the nose, pharynx & trachea. - The air is called 'dead space air' because its not useful for gas exchange. - Normal tidal volume = 500 m - Normal dead spac... | Physiology | Respiratory System Pa 1 |
3c040c19-a9a7-4eef-b930-3468fb6086c8 | tRNAf met would recognize: | AUG | UGC | GUG | GCU | 0a | single | A i.e. AUG | Biochemistry | null |
7a30aedb-4189-4bf5-8415-0a11fe1c0e11 | Early strict toilet training can result in- | Nocturnal enuresis | Encopresis | Night terror | Temper tantrums | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Encopresis | Pediatrics | null |
9b4fe9ae-b184-4743-b48a-8cb753d0c74d | A patient sustained blunt trauma to eye after that the developed sudden loss of vision with deep anterior chamber, Most likely cause is - | Lens dislocation | Berlin's oedema | Retinal haemorrhage | Recession of angle of AC | 0a | single | Amongst the given options only two can cause deep anterior chamber :-
Angle recession
Dislocation of the lens
In angle recession, glaucoma develops many years after the trauma and there is no sudden loss of vision.
Dislocation of lens can cause sudden loss of vision immediately. | Ophthalmology | null |
23f7f85f-7a92-4da7-b86f-d2fb6ef64bd0 | Maximum oogonia can be seen in ovaries at : | 5 th month of IUL | 7 th month of IUL | At bih | At pubey | 0a | single | Maximum number of oogonia are seen at 20 weeks - 6-7 million At bih number is 2 million At pubey - 3-5 lakhs Out of which 400-500 are destined to ovulate Ref: Datta textbook of Obstetrics -9e pg16. | Anatomy | General obstetrics |
2f6c9f94-2f05-4780-9803-ce73e093e667 | The health status of children between 0 and 4 years in a community will be adversely affected by all except- | Malnutrition | Bih weight of less than 2.5 Kg | Maternal hemoglobin 12 gm/dL | Infections | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Maternal hemoglobin 12gm/dL o Maternal health is a major determinant of nutritional status of children. Child's status is adversely affected if : Mother is malnourished (Anemic) Mother is - too young (under 18 years) Mother is - too old (over 35 years) Last child was born too close (Last child born le... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
2bd0d0c3-9956-47e2-961b-ef7d6a4f6ee8 | Magendie foramen or the median apeure drains CSF from which of the following structures to the cisterna magna? | Lateral ventricle | 3rd ventricle | 4th ventricle | Interpeduncular fossa | 2c | single | The median apeure ("Foramen of Magendie") drains CSF from the fouh ventricle into the cisterna magna. Cisterna magna occupies the interval between inferior surface of cerebellum and posterior aspect of medulla oblongata. The two lateral apeures (foramina of Luschka), one on the left and one on the right, are the primar... | Anatomy | null |
d88a58f2-f092-48bf-8677-90fd47872ce2 | The power house of the cell is | Nucleus | Cell membrane | Mitochondria | Lysosomes | 2c | single | Aerobic organisms are able to capture a far greater propoion of the available free energy of respiratory substrates than anaerobic organisms. Most of this takes place inside mitochondria, which have been termed the "powerhouses" of the cell. Respiration is coupled to the generation of the high-energy intermediate, ATP,... | Biochemistry | Respiratory chain |
38ad1077-2ba5-439f-b17b-c7681abbe4f7 | In high spinal anaesthesia what is seen – | Hypotension & Bradycardia | Hypotension & Tachycardia | Hypertension & Bradycardia | Hypertension & Tachycardia | 0a | single | Spinal anesthesia ascending into the cervical levels (high spinal anesthesia) causes severe hypotension, bradycardia and respiratory insufficiency. | Anaesthesia | null |
05887181-4537-4491-ae5b-f65e6123b349 | Absolute CONTRAINDICATION to lithium therapy is: March 2004 | Pregnancy | Angioma | Glaucoma | Epilepsy | 0a | single | Ans. A i.e. Pregnancy | Psychiatry | null |
aede1d22-b740-45ac-88ff-d5fb3dbc7f0e | Anatomical snuff box contains: | Axillary nerve | Radial artery | Brachial artery | Ulnar artery | 1b | single | Ans. B Radial arteryRef: BDC, 6th ed. vol. I pg. 22, 5th ed. pg. 102* The anatomical snuffbox is formed by the tendons of extensor polloicis longus and brevis, and abductor pollicis longus.* It has the radial artery running in the floor of the snuffbox, and the radial nerve passing to the dorsum of the hand.* Boundarie... | Anatomy | Hand |
e9c0aa11-efe2-4bc0-b074-bee9f77c91e0 | Complications of Hemithyroidectomy include all of the following except | Hypocalcemia | Wound hematoma | Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy | External branch of superior laryngeal nerve palsy | 0a | multi | Hypocalcemia doesnot occur in hemithyroidectomy as the parathyroids in contralateral side are fully intact. Source : Sabiston 20th edition Pg :919 | Surgery | Endocrinology and breast |
b6d3b624-9652-44ec-87aa-9d19405b1fc2 | Most common supratentorial tumour in children is - | Craniopharyngioma | Astrocytoma | Glioma | Meningioma | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Craniopharyngioma Most common supratentorial tumours in children is - Craniopharyngioma. | Pediatrics | null |
6d25553f-2ac2-4da6-8b8c-01e5e8c58988 | All of the following are involved in sperm pathway, except - | Efferent tubule | Afferent tubule | Rete testes | Epididymis | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Afferent tubule o The correct sequence of sperm movement from within testis to urethra isSeminiferous tubule - Straight tubule (Tubulirecti) - Rete testes - Efferent tubule - Epididymis - Vas (ductus) deferens - Ejaculatory duct - Prostatic urethrao Testis consists of 200-300 lobules. Each lobules con... | Anatomy | Male Genital System |
01b1eb17-697b-4532-8493-f3c0682e8891 | Horrok's apparatus determines Chloride which has to have a holding level of - | 0.1 mg/L | 1 mg/L | 0.01 mg | 0.5 mg/L | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., 0.5 mg/L Horrock's apparatus is used to find out the dose of bleaching powder required for disinfection of water by chlorination. o The principle in chlorination is to ensure a free residual chlorine o10.5 mg/litre at the end of one hour contact. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
bdec0602-52fb-459f-bf9c-d586a102899a | Which is not a branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery - | Cavernous branch | Inferior hypophyseal | Meningeal artery | Ophthalmic artery | 3d | single | Branches of cavernous part of ICA are meningeal branch, hypophyseal branches and cavernous branch. | Anatomy | null |
d0dc2871-4e13-4e18-9e0a-7f37d4c372c3 | Commonest hypospadias is: | Penile | Glanular | Scrotal | Subcoronal | 0a | single | Commonest is glanular Types of hypospadias Glanular Coronal Subcoronal Penile Penoscrotal Scrotal Perineal | Surgery | Urethra and penis |
e20802e4-38bb-440e-9ae6-3f65f2d3cf48 | The drug treatment in a female with complaints of occasional amenorrhea and milk ejection 5yrs after her last baby is born | Cabergoline | Atosiban | Methysergide | Ergotamine | 0a | single | Cabergoline,pergolide,bromocriptine(Dopamine agonists) are used for hyperprolactinomaRef: KDT 6th ed P 236 | Pharmacology | Endocrinology |
fd93e0ca-6efd-4bb6-b211-d804c7760bdb | Commonest site of Ivory osteoma is | Frontal-Ethmodial region | Mandible | Maxilla | Spheroid | 0a | single | Osteoma: They are most commonly seen in the frontal sinus followed in turn by those of ethmoid and maxillary. They may remain asymptomatic, being discovered incidentally on X-rays. Ref: Textbook of ENT, Dhingra; 6th edition; Pg no: 205 ref img | ENT | Miscellaneous ENT |
a7a32e45-d70e-48d4-b474-fd80e9624488 | Risk factor for bladder carcinoma is - | Clonorcis sinensis | Schistosoma hematobium | Plasmodium | None | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Schistosoma hematobium Risk factors for ca of BladderCigarette smoking is the main etiological factor and accounts for about 50% of bladder cancers.Occupational exposures to chemicalso The following compounds mav be carcinogenic # 2 naphthylamine-combustion gases and soot from coal# 4-aminobiphenyl-ch... | Surgery | Bladder Cancer |
512e9824-55a9-42b6-989a-17fc92a4ccfc | The aery most commonly responsible for bleeding in massive hemoptysis is | Bronchial | Pulmonary | Intercostal | Intersegmental | 0a | single | . | Anatomy | All India exam |
d6cd6dea-cff1-4202-95b7-bcc387db9675 | Most common organism responsible for, pseudomembranous colitis is: | Clostridium difficile | Clostridium botulism | Clostridium histolyticum | Clostridium butyricum | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Clostridium difficile(Ref: Harrison, 19th/e, p. 1091, 1092 and 17th/e, p. 819, 820; Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 265 and 8th/e, p. 263)* Pseudomembranous colitis is the advanced form of Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD).* Pseudomembranous colitis is diagnosed by detection of one or both C d... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
9fa866c3-7f06-4992-ad26-147a0e8fd233 | The most severe form of respiratory complication in influenza virus infection is: | Primary viral pneumonia | Secondary pseudomonal pneumonia | Acute pneumatocele | Bilateral pleural effusion | 0a | single | Primary influenza viral pneumonia is the least common but most severe of the pneumonic complications. The most common bacterial pathogens causing secondary bacterial pneumonia are Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Haemophilus influenzae. Ref:Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Pa... | Medicine | null |
ffc37c4f-6c0f-4cb2-8cf2-abd2349316d0 | Blood supply of stomach is/are: | Left gastric aery | Sho gastric aery | Lt gastroepiploic aery | All | 3d | multi | A. i.e. Left gastric aery; B. i.e. Sho gastric aery; C. i.e. Left gastroepiploic aery | Anatomy | null |
58ceda76-b5e1-47ce-b1cf-8f7fb06115a2 | ADH is secreted by? | Supraoptic nucleus | Paraventricular nucleus | Neurohypophysis | Adenohypophysis | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) Supraoptic nucleusREF: Ganongs 22nd ed p. 243, Handbook of Human Physiology by Vidya Ratan page 302The hormones of posterior pituitary gland (vasipressin St oxytocin) are secreted by neurosecretory cells (in hypothalamus) of supraoptic nucleus (secretes vasopressin AKA- ADH) and paraventricular nucleus (sec... | Physiology | Pituitary |
6095a0a0-47ca-443b-a918-7fcab76ae039 | Buprenorphine is classified as:- | Agonist and antagonist at mu receptors | Antagonist at mu receptors | Full agonist at mu receptors | Paial agonist at mu receptors | 3d | single | Buprenorphine is paial agonist at mu receptor with kappa and delta antagonistic propey. It is useful as an analgesic and as an alternative to methadone for the management of opioid withdrawal. Nalbuphine, pentazocine and dezocine are k agonists and m receptor antagonists. These drugs can produce psychomimetic effects w... | Pharmacology | Opioids and Alcohols |
129da013-c4fd-45d7-be76-5a09e3861176 | Highly selective proteinuria is seen in | Minimal change | Mesangial proliferative nephritis | Membranous glomerulonephritis | Focal glomerulosclerosis | 0a | single | Loss of glomerular basement membrane (GBM) polyanion has been proposed as a cause of the selective proteinuria in minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS).The exact role of charge selectivity in the pathogenesis of nephrotic proteinuria remains controversial Proteinuria that is more than 85% albumin is selective protei... | Medicine | Kidney |
cdb83f7f-d27f-4620-9dab-98d792419a40 | Foam based fluoride solution has the following advantage EXCEPT- | Minimize the risk of fluoride over dosage | It is much lighter than a conventional gel | The surfactant in the foaming agent has a cleansing action by increasing the surface tension | Used in patients where saliva evacuation may not be feasible. | 2c | multi | Foam based agents were developed in an attempt to minimize the risk of fluoride over dosage as well as to maintain the efficacy of topical fluoride treatment. The advantages of foam - based APF agents are :
1. It is much lighter than a conventional gel and therefore only a small amount of the agent is needed for topica... | Dental | null |
8fd1fa0c-adca-4e9f-b5f4-fa94af374688 | "Potter's syndrome" is associated with | Renal anomalies | Severe oligohydramnio's | Flattened nose | All of the above | 3d | multi | JCDR - Potter's Syndrome, oligohydramnios, Potter's facies, pulmonary hypoplasia. Potter's Syndrome is a rare congenital disorder which is diagnosed at birth. It refers to a group of findings which are associated with the lack of amniotic fluid due to renal failure in an unborn infant. | Pediatrics | null |
1f034f37-1169-460b-b588-3f9f4001284f | In cotrimoxazole, sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim are in ratio of: | 2:01 | 1:01 | 5:01 | 4:05 | 2c | single | 5:01 | Pharmacology | null |
93064199-7ca1-4827-8342-408e56fb367a | The lymphatic drainage of cervix is as follows except : | Glands of parametrium | Hypogastric gland | Glands of cloquet | Lateral sacral group | 2c | multi | Glands of cloquet | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1e4d05ac-cdfc-4db7-a3db-b35a2218b255 | Detonator cap situated at : | Top of the bullet | Side of the bullet case | Base of the rim | None of them | 2c | multi | C i.e. Base of rim | Forensic Medicine | null |
b00a5749-8bdd-475e-b429-e55cf18ef0e7 | Valve of Rosenmuller is located at | Cystic duct | Opening of nasolacrimal duct | Junction of lacrimal sac and canaliculus | Ampulla of vater | 2c | single | A fold of mucous membrane found at the junction between the common canaliculus and the lacrimal sac. It is not strictly a valve because fluids can be blown back to emerge at the puncta. It is not always fully developed. ref -medscape.com | Anatomy | Head and neck |
1aedc7eb-6769-4e92-9324-cdc550f32331 | A 50 year old man has presented with pain in back, lack of interest in recreational activities, low mood, lethargy, decreased sleep and appetite for two months. There was no history suggestive of delusions or hallucinations. He did not suffer from any chronic medical illness. There was no fami-ly history of psychiatric... | Haloparidol | Seraline | Alprazolam | Olanzapine | 1b | multi | B i.e. Seraline | Psychiatry | null |
bf82a213-4557-4e87-8664-a2b34287a2f5 | All true regarding Retrobulbar block except? | Can be given in patients with bleeding disorders | Risk of Perforation of the globe | Injected behind the eye into the cone formed by the extraocular muscles | M/C complication is Retrobulbar hemorrhage | 0a | multi | In this technique, local anesthetic is injected behind the eye into the cone formed by the extraocular muscles and a facial nerveblock is utilized to prevent blinking A successful retrobulbar block is accompanied by anesthesia, akinesia, and abolishment of the oculocephalic reflex. Complications Retrobulbar hemorrhage(... | Anaesthesia | Regional Anesthesia |
89b9b985-47c2-4f52-b0d5-901c19fc22fa | All are impoant laboratory features of hereditary spherocytosis, EXCEPT: | Reduced MCHC | Normocytic anemia | Positive pink test | Normal WBC count | 0a | multi | Laboratory diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis The anemia is usually normocytic. Increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)- (The only condition in which an increased MCHC is seen.) The diagnosis is on the basis of red cell morphology and osmotic fragility, a modified version called the pink test. R... | Medicine | null |
580fc693-8ba7-4326-94fe-3218481428bb | True statement about glycolysis is: | Occurs in mitochondria | Complete breakdown of glucose | Conversion of glucose to 3C units | 3 ATPs are used in anaerobic pathway | 2c | multi | Option 1. Glycolysis occur in cytosol.
Option 2. Complete breakdown of glucose happens when pyruvate formed by glycolysis undergo pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction, followed by TCA Cycle.
Option 4. In anaerobic glycolysis.
Number of ATPs produced is 4.
Number of ATPs used is 2.
Net ATP yield by anaerobic glycolysis is 2... | Biochemistry | null |
621951f7-71e2-4c2e-ad71-457e0fcb6944 | Normal CSF protein measured at basal cistern is | 0-- 10 mg/dL | 20 -- 50 mg/dL | 10 -- 25mg/dL | More than 100 mg/dL | 1b | single | (B) 20-50 mg/dL CEREBROSPINAL FLUIDConstituentReference RangeSI UnitsConventional UnitsOsmolarity292-297 mmol/kg water292-297 mOsm/LElectrolytes * Sodium137-145 mmol/L137-145 meq/L* Potassium2.7-3.9 mmol/L2.7-3.9 meq/L* Calcium1.0-1.5 mmol/L2.1-3.0 meq/L* Magnesium1.0-1.2 mmol/L2.0-2.5 meq/L* Chloride116-122 mmol/L116-... | Physiology | Misc. |
9a5cc08f-cb0c-4163-9c0a-4d1a0578f71c | Pigmentation and icthyosis are side effects of ? | Clofazamine | Rifampicin | Dapsone | Ethionamide | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Clofazamine Clofazimine Clofazimine is a leprostatic drug. It acts by interfering the template function of DNA. Adverse effects of clofazimine | Pharmacology | null |
6bfe17a2-c94f-467f-9c37-1c03f8c43b6f | Prader villi syndrome is an example of? | Digenic inheritance | Translocation | Genomic imprinting | Trisomy | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Genomic imprinting Genomic imprinting* A person inherits two copies of their genes, one from mother and one from father. Usually both alleles of gene are active in cells. However, in some cases, one of the allele (either maternal or paternal) is silenced and only the counterpart remains active.* Thus ... | Pathology | Genetics |
f610102e-f97e-42ef-93c3-38d5700b1df4 | Most common risk factor for breech presentation is: | Prematurity | Post-maturity | DM | Osteomalacia | 0a | single | Risk factors for Breech presentation - Prematurity (Most common Risk factor) Increased amniotic fluid volume Multifetal gestation Hydrocephaly Anencephaly Uterine anomalies Placenta pre Fundal placental implantation Pelvic tumors High parity with uterine relaxation Prior breech delivery | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Labour - normal, abnormal, malposition, malpresentation and their management |
f12ace64-2538-49ea-8132-3493b641f355 | Most characteristic of megaloblastic anemia ? | Target cell | Macrocyte | Microovalocyte | Macroovalocyte | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Macroovalocyte | Pathology | null |
00b8b78d-49a1-4547-827c-75c10aa2f2b5 | In acute anterior uveitis, pupil is - | Oval | Circular | Small, irregular | Any of the above | 2c | multi | Pupillary signs 1. Narrow pupil: It occurs in acute attack of iridocyclitis due to irritation of sphincter pupillae by toxins. Iris oedema and engorged radial vessels of iris also contribute in making the pupil narrow. 2. Irregular pupil shape: It results from segmental posterior synechiae formation. Dilatation of pupi... | Ophthalmology | Uveal tract |
1271d8d9-1141-4943-8cdb-6c0227b2be57 | Inactive precursors of enzymes are known as: | Apo enzymes | Coenzymes | Proenzymes | Holoenzymes | 2c | single | Ans. C. ProenzymesProenzymes or zymogens are inactive enzymes which undergo irreversible covalent activation by the breakdown of one or more peptide bonds. For example, Chymotrypsin, pepsinogen and plasminogen are proenzymes that are converted to active enzymes chymotrypsin, pepsin and plasmin respectively. | Biochemistry | Enzymes |
e25efeca-817c-4a7b-bcf6-33abe87848b5 | Maxillary sinus incision is known as? | Lynch Howrath incision | Weber Ferguson incision | Crile's Y incision | Schobinger's incision | 1b | single | ANSWER: (B) Weber Ferguson incisionREF: Atlas of head & neck surgery - otolaryngology 2nd edition by Byron J. Baileypage 26Repeat ENT 2013 Session 1, June 2009 | ENT | Operative Surgery |
29b67df8-c8e0-4768-86db-8abe0ef6824a | One of your staff nurse had a deep prick from the needle used to inject an HIV positive individual. What is the treatment regime that should be staed in her/him? Note that drug resistance was suspected in the HIV patient. \r\n | 2 NIs for 3 months | 1 NI and 1 NtI for 28 days | 2 NIs + 1 protease inhibitor for 28 days | 2 protease inhibitor + 2 NtIs for 3 months | 2c | single | In this scenario ARVs should be initiated as soon as possible and no later than 72 hours. It should include 2 NI drugs. If drug resistance is suspected a protease inhibitor should also be added. The duration of treatment is 28 days. If the blood sample drawn from the exposed person is HIV negative at the time of exposu... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
0d2add3d-c264-4bb5-99bd-b5a219f988a0 | FNAC is contraindicated in | Disseminated malignancy | Bleeding disorders | Lymph node malignancy | Liver disorders | 1b | single | (Bleeding disorders): (214-Baily & Love 26th edition; 467-690- H18th)FNAC - generally obtains only a suspension of cells from within a mass* This procedure is minimally invasive, and if positive or cancer it may allow inception of systemic treatment when metastatic disease is evident or it can provide a basis for plann... | Surgery | Neoplasia |
185eabeb-a945-4e11-b99c-8e6e57f25146 | Which of the following pathways is activated by insulin? | Ketone body synthesis | Gluconeogenesis | Glycolysis | β oxidation | 1b | single | Insulin activates all anabolic pathways and also Glycolysis and PDH complex reaction. Insulinacts by dephosphorylation. Glycagon acts by phosphorylation. | Biochemistry | null |
48c061d9-ac28-4083-9ad6-5d6e970eab2c | With regards to hereditary spherocytosis, which of the following is false - | Usually has autosomal dominant inheritance | Caused by mutations in genes for proteins such as spectrin, ankrin or band 3 | Red blood cells are destroyed in the spleen | Aplastic crises are common | 3d | multi | Ans, is 'd' i.e., Aplastic Crisis are common o Aplastic crisis are a rare/uncommon complication of Hereditary Spherocytosis typically caused bv virailv induced bone marrow suppression.The most common aetiological agent that induces Aplastic Crisis in patients with Hereditary Spherocytosis is Parvovirus B19o Hereditary ... | Medicine | Anemia and RBC Disorders |
b41ed9f3-2147-4763-9cd0-2a5838b563b7 | Common location of thoracic pheochromocytoma:- | Anterior mediastinum | Posterior mediastinum | Middle mediastinum | Superior mediastinum | 1b | single | "The posterior mediastinum is the usual site of intrathoracic pheochromocytoma. They have also rarely been repoed to occur in the middle mediastinum, with involvement of the left atrial wall or interatrial septum and aoic arch" | Surgery | Thorax And Mediastinum |
4282a8dc-7387-4f7c-add1-049b218e228d | Gamekeepers thumb is | Thumb metacarpophalangeal joint ulnar collateral ligament rupture | Thumb metacarpophalangeal joint radial collateral ligament rupture | Thumb interphalangeal joint ulnar collateral ligament rupture | Thumb interphalangeal joint radial collateral ligament rupture | 0a | single | Injury to the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint ulnar collateral ligament is commonly referred to as gamekeeper thumb or skier's thumb, although the original "gamekeeper" description (Campbell, 1955) referred to an attritional ulnar collate-earl ligament injurySnow skiing accidents and falls on an outstretched hand with ... | Orthopaedics | All India exam |
3dd80f28-d2ff-46c3-bc89-dd8f1e92cfe0 | Type IIa GIC is used for: | Luting crowns, bridges and orthodontic brackets | Esthetic restorative cements | Reinforced restorative cements | Lining cements | 1b | single | Type I: Luting crowns, bridges, and orthodontic brackets.
Type IIa: Esthetic restorative cements.
Type IIb: Reinforced restorative cements.
Type III: Lining cements, base.
Ref: Phillip’s Science of Dental Materials ed 12 pg 320 | Dental | null |
afc3e0ac-26cc-4e2f-8314-550bc09da5a7 | Unilateral elevation of diaphragm is commonly due to – a) Obesityb) Large liverc) Scoliosisd) Congenital causes | a | c | bc | ad | 2c | single | Scoliosis can cause unilateral elevation of hemidiaphragm.
Obesity and hepatomegaly cause bilateral elevation of hemidiaphragm.
Option 'b' requires specific mention here :-
Hepatomegaly (large liver) causes bilateral elevation of hemidiaphragm because normal liver is under both the dome of diaphragms. Therefore, enlar... | Radiology | null |
e5756ed7-63b1-4d38-ac65-14ccf1b619b4 | When do you operate for prolapsed disc ? | Busy executive needs quick surgery | Only with weakness no pain | Severe pain interfering with activity and not relieved by rest and treatment of 8 weeks | Patient of PID with difficulty in ambulation | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Severe pain interfering with activity and not relieved by rest and treatment of 8 weeks Indications for surgery in cases of Prolapsed interveebral disc are :- i) Failure of conservative treatment (even after 8 weeks of treatment). ii) Progressive neurological deficit. iii) Cauda - equina syndrome. iv)... | Surgery | null |
287be8fe-d5d5-4094-911c-7256ff5949aa | Drug of choice for Restless leg syndrome | Febuxostat | Diazepam | Ropinirole | Baclofen | 2c | single | Ropinirole which is a dopamine agonist is the drug of choice for Restless leg syndrome. | Psychiatry | null |
923a44c4-84ec-4b3d-996a-8051a6194399 | Pulmonary fibrosis is associated with the use of which of the following drugs? | Bleomycin | Cisplatin | Methotrexate | Actinomycin D | 0a | single | Out of all the options given bleomycin and methotrexate can cause pulmonary toxicity. But pulmonary fibrosis is the most feared complication of Bleomycin. Ref: Harrison's 16th Edition, Page 471 (table 70-2); Drug-Induced Diseases: Prevention, Detection, and Management, By James E. Tisdale, Douglas A. Miller, Page 360, ... | Medicine | null |
f01b598b-9449-48b3-b412-caed20921a96 | Which of this is NOT a sexual disorder? | Trafficking | Voyeurism | Adultery | Sexual harassment | 0a | single | (A) Trafficking# HUMAN TRAFFICKING> It is the trade of humans, most commonly for the purpose of forced labour, sexual slavery, or commercial sexual exploitation for the trafficker or others.> May encompass providing a spouse in the context of forced marriage, or the extraction of organs or tissues, including for surrog... | Forensic Medicine | Misc. |
1e15b4c7-03d7-4ff0-95fe-53c7621cdc4a | Concentration of adrenaline used with lidocaine is? | 0.180555556 | 1.430555556 | 1:20000 | 1:200000 | 3d | single | (334) 1 in 200000 REF: Miller 6th ed p. 589 USES AND DOSES OF ADRENALINE: USE DOSE Anaphylaxis SC or IM injection is 0.3-0.5 mg 1:1,000 Croup Racemic adrenaline is a 1:1 mixture of the dextrototary (d) and levorotatory (1) isomers of adrenaline Local anesthetics 1 in 200000 | Anaesthesia | null |
3ca0f1ea-1401-49a8-8b07-b469c882e328 | Which of the following is not seen in Alpo's disease ? | Hematuria | Lenticonus | AR inferitance | Massive proteinuria | 3d | single | mild proteinuria is seen in alpos syndrome <1-2g/24hrs,appears late in the course of disease. Other features are:hematuria lenticonus, sensorineural deafness x-linked AR, AD inheritance are seen. Ref:Harrison 20th edition | Medicine | Kidney |
c29c5879-3c24-4c77-a264-4fe138d628e7 | Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are not used in | Anticholinergic poisoning | Carbamate poisoning | Cobra bite | Glaucoma | 1b | single | Carbamate and OP compounds are acetylcholinesterases. Oximes are used in op poisioning where as in carbamates poisioning oximes are not effective. Ref: KDT 6th ed pg 105 | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
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