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135
f7d240c7-081a-4e8d-824f-73a340889397
Nerve which lies in association to Whaon's duct is?
Hypoglossal
Lingual
Facial
Spinal acessory
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Lingual
Surgery
null
b16fd092-ca87-46cc-8c12-7a754e870db3
Ewing's sarcoma arises from
Endothelial cells
Osteocytes
Mesoderm
Primitive neuroectodermal cells
3d
single
Ans. d (Primitive neuroectodermal cells). (Ref. Robbin, Pathologic Basis of Diseases 5th/833)PNETs# Ewing's Sarcoma is the highly malignant primary bone neoplasm having specific cytogenetic analysis i.e. t (11,12), characterized by small round cells (pseudo-rossets) and is thought to be a primitive neuroectodermal tumo...
Pathology
Osteology
782df7be-7ac0-45b5-93de-ec4fe701a858
Peroneal tubercle is seen in which bone
Cuboid
Talus
Fibula
Calcaneum
3d
single
CALCANEUM:- Largest tarsal bone. Anterior surface- concavoconvex aicular facet for cuboid.Medial surface- shelf like projection- sustentaculum tali. Lateral surface- rough and flat.it presents in it's anterior pa , a small elevation termed the peroneal trochlea/ tubercle. Peroneal tubercle lies between tendons of Peron...
Anatomy
Lower limb
5505189a-748b-4a7b-ba33-5caf296640b2
Hyperacute rejection is due to -
Preformed antibodies
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte medicated injury
Circulating macrophage mediated injury
Endothelitis caused by donor antibodies
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Preformed antibodies
Pathology
null
8ab75507-bfe8-4ee2-a3fd-fa3b0ecb2aae
A chromosomal aberration that results in a disturbance in the normal gene balance is termed
Non-disjunction
Euploidy
Aneuploidy
Breakage
0a
single
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate properly during cell division. There are three forms of nondisjunction: failure of a pair of homologous chromosomes to separate in meiosis I, failure of sister chromatids to separate during meiosis II, and failure of sister chromat...
Pathology
General pathology
0ba3932a-a8be-484c-809f-7e72fa31b880
A 30-year old female complains of lower abdominal pain and purulent vaginal discharge. Her pulse rate is 98/min, temperature is 101oF, WBC and ESR are raised. Per vaginal examination reveals lower abdominal tenderness and cervical motion tenderness. What is the best treatment option for her?
Single IM injection of Ceftriaxone with oral doxycycline and oral metronidazole for 14 days
Single dose of Ceftriaxone injection with oral Azithromycin for 14 days
Oral Metranidazole for 14 days
Oral Oflaxacin and oral Metronidazole for 14 days
0a
multi
The best treatment is single IM injection of Ceftrixone with oral Doxycycline and oral metronidazole for 14 days. The diagnosis is pelvic inflammatory disease. Sexually transmitted organisms especially N.gonorrhoeae and C.trachomatis are implicated in many cases. The best treatment for OPD management of PID is: Inj. Ce...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Infections of the genital tract
fd81433f-4976-4ee8-8757-ccb277acd85a
HPV (Human papilloma virus) vaccine is the following type:
Monovalent
Bivalent
Quadrivalent
Bivalent and Quadrivalent
3d
single
To date, one quadrivalent product containing HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 and one bivalent product containing HPV types 16 and 18 have been licensed. HPV types 6 and 11 cause 90% of anogenital was, whereas types 16 and 18 are responsible for 70% of cervical cancers. Both vaccines are highly immunogenic, as measured by s...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
5bc52428-6f2d-41a5-bb25-bf48a6fda2f6
A child with cramping pain and current jelly stools. Diagnosis is
Volvulus
Intussupection
Dysentery
Umbilical hernia
1b
single
.Intussusception Clinical Features * Common in males (3:2). * Common in 6-9 months. But can also occur at later age grouped children. * Common in spring and winter, coinciding with the gastroenteritis and respiratory infections in respective periods. * Commonest cause of intestinal obstruction in infancy. * Initial col...
Surgery
G.I.T
8d5e9c3d-88f5-499b-8514-7335e8a42f0e
The site of action of addictive drugs is:
Nucleus raphe magnus
Nucleus accumbens
Kolliker-Fusenucleus
Nucleus parabrachialis
1b
single
Nucleus accumbens has a very high population of dopaminergic neurons that act D3 receptors. This area is found to be associated with reward and addictive behavior. Pneumotaxic center is located in the nucleus parabrachialis and Kolliker-Fuse nucleus in upper pons. Nucleus raphe magnus (medulla) has high density of sero...
Physiology
Higher Functions
0601d64a-a8b5-4f4b-9661-96473d2e3491
True about calcium in kidney is
Most reabsorption occurs in DCT
Major regulating factor is parathormone
Parathormone decreases calcium absorption
Increased plasma phosphate decreases calcium resorption
1b
multi
Parathormone secreted by parathyroid glands regulates the blood calcium level. Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 495,496,497
Physiology
Renal physiology
7c138375-fbb4-48c2-acdf-e148f17a66f2
4 year old child with severe wasting and voracious apetite without pedal edema -
Kwashiorkar
Marasmus
Both
None
1b
multi
Ans. is 'b' i.e,, Marasmus o See explanation of previous question.
Pediatrics
Nutrition
0a775daf-aaef-4f26-9f39-28255d82d1f4
Characteristics of BENIGN tumour of lung in X-ray is
Size > 5 cms diameter
Cavitation
Peripheral location
Concentric dense calcification
3d
single
Central, concentric, laminar, popcorn or homogeneous (diffuse) calcification is seen in benign lesions.
Radiology
null
03596924-87f8-477d-8b0b-546a95950c39
The electrical potential difference necessary for a single ion to be at equilibrium across a membrane is best described by the
Goldman equation
van't Hoff equation
Fick's law
Nernst equation
3d
single
At normal body temperature (37degC), the electrical difference that will balance a given concentration difference of univalent ions--such as Na+ ions--can be determined from the following formula, called the Nernst equation.Ref: Guyton; 13th edition; Chapter 4 Transpo of Substances Through Cell Membranes
Physiology
General physiology
9c0aee66-1cbf-484e-b2b9-333ec407c3c7
30 year old female comes with visual defects, breast engorgement and Amenorrhea. Investigation of choice is
CT brain
Serum prolactin
Biopsy
Mr angiography
1b
single
This is likely to be a case of pituitary adenoma. The most common pituitary adenoma causing the symptoms is prolactinoma.
Medicine
null
3edaee3f-fccb-4d69-a782-b73063436af4
Commonest side effect of antihistaminics is?
Sedation
Tinnitus
Euphoria
Lassitude
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Sedation o Sedation, diminished aleness, concentration, light headedness, motor in coordination, fatigue and tendency to fall asleep are the most common side effects.
Pharmacology
null
472eb096-9bce-4e96-8cc2-67a5727f7920
Peptic ulcer is associated with all except:
Hyperparathyroidism
Pernicious anaemia
Cirrhosis
Zollinger Ellison Syndrome
1b
multi
Peptic ulcer is seen in Zollinger Ellison Syndrome, Cirrhosis and Hyperparathyroidism.
Medicine
null
d4f16bf1-8fc6-4dfd-a0db-02fb35b352d6
Seminoma correspond to
Choriocarcinoma
Dysgermonoma
Granulosa tumor
Luteal cyst
1b
single
Seminoma corresponds to dysgerminoma in ovaries.
Surgery
null
4b2f2c50-b4a2-468a-92c0-9aafa39fbd9a
Who introduced cocaine in psychiatry :(
Freud
Jung
Milar
Stanley
0a
single
A. i.e. Freud
Psychiatry
null
a4f34be1-8dd9-46d3-855d-74284df5f9da
Pharmacoepidemiology is this phase of clinical trial:
Phase 0
Phase II
Phase IV
Phase V
3d
single
(Ref: Goodman & Gillman 13th ed. P 6)Clinical Trials and its characteristicsPhase I first in humanPhase II first in patientPhase III multisite trialPhase IV post marketing surveillance10-100 participants50-500 participantsA few hundred to a few thousand participantsMany thousands of participantsUsually healthy voluntee...
Pharmacology
General Pharmacology
1dc770ac-a9aa-4deb-a6e4-f9894a29f598
Rorschach test measures
Intelligence
Creativity
Personality
Neuraticism
2c
single
this is Rorschach Test. it was given by Herman Rorschach, a Swiss psychiatrist. it was developed 1910. The Rorschach test is the most frequently used projective personality instrument. it has in total of 10 cards 5 cards are black and white as mentioned in the image 2 cards are black and red and 3 cards are multicolour...
Psychiatry
Symptoms and signs in psychiatry and classification
814eb5ab-fd48-460c-a791-53501fcd2259
All of the following can cause methemoglobinemia except-
Prilocaine
Benzocaine
Nitroglycerine
Bupivacaine
3d
multi
Methemoglobinemia is a rare but potentially life - threatening complication that may follow theadministration of ceain drugs that causes oxidation of hemoglobin to Methemoglobin. Drugs whichcause this - prilocaine benzocaine, rarely Lignocaine, nitroglycerine, Phenytoin sulphonamide.
Anaesthesia
Regional Anesthesia
21eec76b-718a-4c47-a782-67d116b11e9c
Which of the following is used in Brachytherapy:
Rd
Id -125
Ir
All of the above
3d
multi
Brachytherapy:  Rd, Id – 125, Cs, Ir, Au used. P-32, Strontium -89, Samarium-153, (NOT iridium -192) are used in systemic radionucluide P-32 emits B-rays
Radiology
null
716b8727-cc4d-41b9-b5f7-e39c41277372
Dhatura seeds resemble -
Risinus communis
Capsicum
Opium
None
1b
multi
Features Datura seeds Chili seeds On section Embryo curves outward Embryo curve inward towards hilum Taste Bitter Pungent Smell Odorless Pungent Surface Pitted Smooth Colo,Size Brownish, Bigger Yellowish, Smaller Shape Kidney shaped Round REF;THE SYNOPSIS OF FORENSIC MEDICINE:KS NARAYANA REDDY;28th EDITION;PAGE NO 345
Forensic Medicine
Poisoning
e5b8cca1-52dc-483c-9d0e-947cefffad02
Which of the following statement is true about left phrenic nerve?
Lies anterior to anterior scalenus muscle
Posterior to brachial plexus
Posterior to subclan aery
Posterior to hilum left lung
0a
multi
The phrenic nerve arises from the neck from the anterior rami of the 3rd, 4th and 5th cervical nerves. It is formed at the lateral border of the scalenus anterior, opposite the middle of the sternocleidomastoid at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cailage. Phrenic nerve (C3-C5) courses veically along the ant...
Anatomy
null
39ea2c88-1fd1-414f-867b-bd0c1ff1c302
Renal scan should be done in which position:
Supine
Prone
Sitting
Left lateral
1b
single
Ans. Prone
Radiology
null
1b171056-b281-416d-89b8-f06b00f4ae62
An athelete came to casuality with 3 days history of passing red colour urine.most propable cause of red colour urine in this condition is-
Hemoglobinuria
Myoglobinuria
Hematuria
Hemosiderinuria
1b
single
Both hemoglobin and myoglobin give red colour to urine. Here the patient is athelete, due to strenous activity , myoglobin may be excreted in urine ,which is giving red colour to urine . Ref:physiology and pathology of urine by john dixon ,pg no. 49
Anatomy
General anatomy
8112d770-523d-4866-bcb7-08324cdca5e9
A serious adverse effect seen with zoledronate is?
Anterior uveitis
Ventricular fibrillation
Peptic ulcer
Acute renal failure
3d
single
Zoledronate Intravenous 3rd generation bisphosphonateseffective in the management of hypercalcemia Rapid normalization of S. Ca2+ S/E - Severe hypocalcemia Renal toxicity, Osteonecrosis of the jaw
Pharmacology
Osteoporosis, Sex Hormones and OCPs
98d0bc1b-a735-40e4-be68-ae46894a3da2
In the cou of law, the act of witness giving false evidence after taking oath is punishable under:
191 IPC
192 IPC
193 IPC
197 IPC
2c
multi
Following IPCs: 191Deals with false evidence and is based upon recognition of decline of moral values and erosion of sanctity of oath. 192Fabricating false evidence. The wording of this Section is so general as to cover any species of crime that consists in the endeavour to injure another by supplying false data. 193 P...
Forensic Medicine
NEET Jan 2020
9143889e-1a86-4b77-b916-14fbba8efdfe
A patient presents with respiratory symptoms i.e. cough, hemoptysis and glomerulonephritis. His C-ANCA levels in serum were found to be raised. The most likely diagnosis is –
Goodpasteur’s syndrome
Classic polyarteritisnodosa
Wegener’s granulomatosis
Kawasaki syndrome
2c
single
Renal and pulmonary symptoms with positive c-ANCA suggest the diagnosis of wegner’sglomerulonepritis Clinical syndrome of wegner granulomatosis may be very similar to classical PAN or microscopic polyangitis.
Unknown
null
41ace6f5-aa0e-4b77-b112-8d71b7056e21
Rokitansky Protuberance is associated with -
Seminoma
Leomyoma
Dermoid cyst
Choriocarcinoma
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Dermoid cyst Rokitansky protuberanceo The inner lining of every mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) contains single or multiple white shiny masses projecting from the wall toward the center of the cysts. When hair, other dermal appendages, bone and teeth are present, they usually arise from this pro...
Pathology
Characteristics and Epidemiology of Neoplasia
98b0d2f8-32dc-432b-8fc3-e6980d2d8a79
What is the full form of CBNAAT?
Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification test
Cell based nucleic acid amplification test
Cartridge based New allele test
Cartridge based Newer Amino Acid test
0a
multi
Ans. A. Cartridge based nucleic acid amplification testCartridge based Nucleic Acid amplification test. It is newer diagnostic modality for diagnosis of tuberculosis. It is a genotypic test Results of this are available within 2 hours. It not only reports detection of Mycobacterium but also detects resistance against R...
Pediatrics
Miscellaneous
311d8a40-0cff-464f-9d40-7c5dfa8c5bf7
Kimmesteil wilson lesion is:
Hyaline arteriosclerosis
Nodular glomerulosclerosis
Renal Amyloid deposits
Renal Glycogen deposits
1b
single
Ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, 8th editionExplanation:Diabetic NephropathyThe term diabetic nephropathy is applied to the conglomerate of lesions that occur in the diabetic kidney.Most common lesions involve the glomeruli and are associated clinically with three glomerular syndromes:Non-nephrotic proteinuria...
Pathology
Miscellaneous (Urinary Tract)
d2142a28-b3e7-4d03-a234-9c86de1ca042
Exposure to 90 db and 4000Hz noise results in -
Auditory fatigue
Temporary hearing loss
Permanent hearing loss
Rupture of tympanic membrane
0a
single
Auditory fatigue is an effect of noise exposure. It appears in 90dB region and greatest at 4000Hz. May be associated with whistling and buzzing in ears. Other effects are deafness(temporary at 4000 to 6000 Hz), interference with speech, annoyance, reduced efficiency. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 2...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
19fade9c-58ca-4c5e-afd4-1227a07a47a5
According to CDC recommendations, HIV screening of pregnant women is:
Opt in testing
Opt out testing
Compulsory
Symptomatic
1b
single
Ans is 'b' .e. Opt out testing "The Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommended adoption of the opt-out protocol into routine prenatal care."- Williams obstetrics 22/e p1312There are two different forms of routine screen testing: opt-out and opt-in.Opt-outOpt-out testing means that all women receive an HIV te...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health Programmes in India
df998794-07bd-4595-ba6a-6036f38eb318
Smith Noguchi's media is used for
Salmonella
Klebsiella
Spirochetes
Bacillus
2c
single
Smith-Noguchi Medium (by using living tissue) - Anaerobic media. Used for Cultivation of nonpathogenic treponemes E.g. Reiter strain of Treponema phagedenis - Spirochetes) Salmonella - Wilson and Blair bismuth sulphite medium is best selective medium Klebsiella - On MacConkey Agar, these are lactose fermentors Bacillus...
Microbiology
General Microbiology Pa 1 (History, Microscopy, Stains and Structure and Physiology of Bacteria)
5699e4fd-c484-4c21-8c9f-94f971140334
Colour of Entonox cylinder is
Black body, white shoulder
Grey body, black and white shoulder
Black body, brown and white shoulder
Blue body, white shoulder
3d
single
Entonox cylinder has blue body and white shoulder.
Anaesthesia
null
67921870-caad-4f84-922e-8801c5466140
In Browne's classification of placenta pre, the placenta covers the internal os when closed but not when fully dilated is:
Type 1
Type 2
Type 3
Type 4
2c
single
Browne's classification for placenta pre: Type 1 lateral Placenta dipping into the lower segment but reached upto the os Type 2 marginal Placenta edge reached the internal os Type 3 The placenta covers the internal os when closed but not when fully dilated Type 4 The placenta covers the internal os even fully dilated
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
4d49d2e2-6077-4a8f-9683-c90052a28d98
The criteria for diagnosing GTN are all
Persistently increasing p-hCG for 3 weeks
Plateau levels of p-hCG for 4 weeks
Theca lutein cyst > 6 cm
Histological criteria for choriocarcinoma
2c
multi
Theca lutein cysts may be felt in the ovaries in about 50%.These cysts are due to over stimulation of luteal elements by large amount of circulating hCG secreted by the proliferating trophoblast.Larger moles are more likely to be associated with cysts.Persistent trophoblastic disease is more likely in women with Theca ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
General obstetrics
11b60744-da05-41de-82cf-3ac4deecbc4b
All are liver function test alterations in bacterial sepsis, EXCEPT:
Elevation of bilirubin with normal liver enzymes
LFT alteration is due to the endotoxemia
Endotoxemia impairs transpo of anions, resulting in impaired bile flow
Jaundice is always associated with leukocytes
3d
multi
JAUNDICE IN BACTERIAL SEPSIS (1) Dispropoionate increase in serum bilirubin compared to aminotransferase and ALP (2) It can appear even without fever / hypotension, Leukocytosis (3) Mechanisms : Endotoxin mediated cytokine activation (4) It impairs transpo of anions in both sinusoidal and canalicular membranes resultin...
Medicine
null
3502dd69-6c6a-4529-9795-b45ed1823e20
Most common orthopaedic manifestation of Neurofibromatosis is:
Scoliosis
Sphenoid dysplasia
Pseudoarthrosis of tibia and thinning of cortex of long bones
Atlanto- axial instability
0a
single
Ref: 1. http://www.orthobullets.com/pediatrics/40547 neurofibromatosis 2. Campbells Operative Orthopaedics by S. Terry Canale & James H. Beaty - section on unusual causes of scoliosis - NeurofibromatosisExplanation:Orthopedic manifestations in NeurofibromatosisScoliosis is the most common osseous defect associated with...
Orthopaedics
Spinal Injuries
a0bf4929-c6eb-4dea-81f0-59792d1fb371
Active drug transpo true is all except ?
Energy dependent
Make use of specific transpoer protein
Carrier transpo is nonsaturable
Carries the drug against the concentration gradient
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Carrier transpo is nonsaturable Active transpo As the name suggests active transpo is active pumping of drug molecules through a membrane against concentration gradient by a molecular pump (carrier mediated), which requires energy to function. So, active transpo has following characteristics: Movement...
Pharmacology
null
a58b6711-3652-4902-93ac-4bb07c4ecd4d
Stress incontinence is a common symptom in :
Prolapse uterus
Fibroid
Adenomyosis
VVF
0a
single
Prolapse uterus
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
43d187bd-ef8f-4020-8f7d-894e3cbacf60
All of the following are true about Juvenile Mycoclonic epilepsy, except:
Focal seizures
Generalized seizures
Myoclonus
Responses to sodium valproate
0a
multi
Answer is A (Focal seizures): Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy is a generalized seizure disorder and not a focal seizure disorder
Medicine
null
1fc26923-64ca-41a9-ab3a-f5ac6eab081a
Side-effects of corneal microdeposits is seen most commonly with which of the following drugs
Esmolol
Amiodarone
Adenosine
Bretylium
1b
single
Refer kDT 7/e p534 More common side effects The most common side effects that can occur with amiodarone oral tablet include: nausea vomiting fatigue tremor lack of coordination constipation insomnia headache stomach pain decreased sex drive or performance uncontrollable or unusual movements of the body If these effects...
Pharmacology
Cardiovascular system
ad43d812-dcd8-4365-af21-00ddbc9bf57b
Which statements are true regarding VENTOSE (Vaccum Extractor)
Minor scalp abrasions and subgaleal hematomas in new born are more frequent than forceps
Can be applied when the fetal head is above the level of the ischial spine
Maternal trauma is more frequent than forceps
Cannot be used when fetal head is not fully rotated
0a
multi
Ans-A i.e. Minor scalp abrasions and subgaleal hematomas in the newborn are more frequent than forceps Conditions to be fulfilledHere is a comparison between Ventouse and ForcepsForcepsVentouseCervix is fully dilated and effacedMembrane must be rupturedThe head must be engagedThere should not be undue obstruction (bony...
Unknown
null
71f8a396-c203-4b04-b299-5282d6f415d8
A 45 day old infant developed icterus and two days later symptoms and signs of acute liver failure appeared. Child was found to be positive for HbsAg. The mother was also HBsAg carrier. The mother's hepatitis B serological profile is likely to be:
HbsAg positive
HbsAg and HbeAg positivity
HbsAg and anti-Hbe antibody positivity
Mother infected with mutant HBV
1b
single
Most impoant risk factor that determines perinatal transmission of Hepatitis B is HBeAg HBsAg carrier mothers who are HBe Ag positive almost invariably (> 90%) transfer infection to their offspring.
Pediatrics
Liver disorders
12a219b3-cdd5-4969-b720-8546b9cc1dfe
A child seven weeks of age presents with cough, RR-48/min, otherwise normal child false is
No role of antibiotics
Child has pneumonia
Child does not need resusciation
Fever should be treated
1b
multi
According to Acute respiratory diseases control programme,pneumonia is charecterised by respiratory rate(RR/min) 60 or more -<2 months age 50 or more - 2-12months 40 or more -1-5 years. in the given case child is less than 2 months and respiaratory rate is45/min.so we cannot say child has pneumonia. Ref : ESSENTIAL PED...
Pediatrics
Respiratory system
4d2440f3-a2d2-443b-8e74-02ce93ff8016
A neonate born at 36 weeks' gestation manifests severe hydrops fetalis, hepatosplenomegaly, generalized icterus, and scattered ecchymoses of the skin. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin concentration of 9.4 g/dL and platelet count of 67,000/mm3. Ultrasound of the head shows ventricular enlargement. Death occurs 14 da...
Cytomegalovirus
Herpes simplex virus
HIV
Parvovirus
0a
single
About 10% of cytomegalovirus-infected neonates have extensive infection with inclusions found in many organs. Severe anemia and myocardial injury cause hydrops, and the brain is often involved. The renal tubular epithelium can be infected, and large cells with inclusions can be seen with urine microscopic examination i...
Pathology
Disease of Infancy & Childhood
a1534adc-a1cf-4fc0-91a3-3d04b3466186
All of the following structures pierce the buccinator muscle Except:
Parotid duct
Molar glands of the cheek
Buccal branch of facial nerve
Buccal branch of the mandibular nerve
3d
multi
buccal branch of the mandibular nerve Buccinator is the muscle of the cheek. It is a thin quadrilateral muscle which occupies the interval between the maxilla and the mandible. Its upper and lower boundaries are attached to the outer surfaces of the alveolar processes of the maxilla and mandible respectively opposite t...
Anatomy
null
836a051f-c068-4f8e-aee7-94ba4a5b4a22
Subepidermal lesion are
Bullous pemphigoid
Pemphigus vulgaris
Hailey-Hailey disease
Darier's disease
0a
single
A i.e. Bullous pemphigoid
Skin
null
62ef7333-9fb0-4988-a7e7-9dccd56f784c
RNA primer is synthesized by -
Topoisomerase
Helicase
DNA primase
DNA ligase
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., DNA primase ProteinFunctionDNA polymerasesDeoxynucleotide polymerizationHelicasesProcessive unwinding of DNATopoisomerasesRelieve torsional strain that results from helicase-induced unwindingDNA primaseInitiates synthesis of RNA primersSingle-strand binding proteinsPrevent premature reannealling of ds...
Biochemistry
Transcription
790e2a7d-4101-4e6a-9723-ac99ea0a9fc4
Time interval betwen inoculation of infection to maximum infectivity is -
Lead time
Median incubation period
Generation time
Serial inverval
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Generation time * Generation time - Period from receipt of infection to maximal infectivity.* Incubation period is the time interval between invasion by an infectious agent and appearnace of the first sign and symptom. 'Median incubation period' is the time required for 50% cases to occur following ex...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of Health and Disease
8156512f-8a11-47f3-8c3f-edfb0de612aa
A patient presents with LMP 8 weeks ago. She has history of delayed cycles in the past. Which of the following is the most accurate way of dating the pregnancy?
Determination of uterine size on pelvic examination
Quantitative serum HCG level
Crown-rump length on abdominal or vaginal ultrasound
Determination of progesterone level along with serum HCG level
2c
single
CRL is the best USG parameter to determine gestational age in first trimester Crown rump length - it is the longest straight line measurement of the embryo from the other margin of cephalic pole to rump mid-sagittal plane with fetus in neutral , non fixed position - Best seen on TVS - Overall best USG parameter to asse...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Diagnosis of Pregnancy
21c29863-6bee-4a45-b42a-347707341d60
In which pa of Henle loop is tubular fluid hypotonic with plasma/GFR?
Thin descending limb
Thin ascending segment/limb.
Thick ascending segment/limb.
Thick descending segment/limb.
2c
single
Thick ascending segment/limb.REABSORPTION IN THICK ASCENDING LIMB:Water reabsorption:Totally impermeable to water.Ascending segment also referred "Diluting" segment:Due to sodium & solute absorption without water.Resulting in tubular fluid dilution.Hence, Tubular fluid is hypotonic.Sodium, Potassium & Chloride reabsorp...
Physiology
null
19617a71-00fd-48c7-b06d-b8d7492f2722
Which of the following drug is preferred in acute attack of asthma during labour
Salbutamol
Formeterol
Ipratropium
Zafirleukast
2c
single
Ipratropium is a M3-antagonist used in acute attack of asthma during labour, as Beta 2-agonists are avoided because of tocolytic action.
Pharmacology
null
34dc2ab5-22cc-42ac-96b1-4a9fe065fc9e
All are features of BAD syndrome except:
Bell's palsy
Corneal anaesthesia
Dry eye
Exposure keratitis
0a
multi
Ans) a (Bell's palsy) Ref The facial nerve By Mark MayBAD syndrome consists of lack of bells phenomenon, which may lead to poor corneal coverage and lack of tear distribution; corneal anesthesia, due to exposure or fifth nerve deficit, as may occur in resection of a large posterior fossa tumour and dryness, due to loss...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Obs)
f9fee086-7249-4b47-ad35-22453cc89df8
Causative microorganism of chromoblastomycosis is
Cladosporium
Blastomyces
Sporothrix
Histoplasma capsulatum
0a
single
Chromoblastomycosis or verrucous dermatitis is caused by cladophialophora, phialophora, exophiala, F.pedrosoi, F.compacta. Histoplasma causes histoplasmosis. Sporothrix causes sporotrichosis. Blastomyces causes blastomycosis. Ref: Textbook of Microbiology, Ananthanarayan and Paniker; 9th edition .
Microbiology
mycology
5466be63-5582-48a5-99d3-a61dba99ba56
Indicator used in autoclave is ?
Clostridium tetani
Bacillus stereothermophilus
Bacillus pumilis
Bacillus subtilis Var Niger
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Bacillus stereothermophilus Biological indicators . Biological indicators are standardised preparations of microorganisms used to assess the effectiveness of a sterilization process. . They usually consist of a population of bacterial spores placed on an ine carrier, for example a strip of filter pape...
Microbiology
null
b3889807-cc49-4332-8af4-957092100bef
The voice is not affected in
Unilateral abductor palsy
Unilateral adductor palsy
Paial abductor palsy
Total adductor palsy
0a
single
Unilateral injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve results in ipsilateral paralysis of all the intrinsic muscles except the cricothyroid. The vocal cord thus assumes a median or paramedian position and does not move laterally on deep inspiration. Unilateral recurrent laryngeal paralysis may pass undetected as about one-thi...
ENT
Larynx
f3d36824-dde2-4bb4-8f28-dd1c7cc035a0
WHICH OF TH EFOLLOWING IS CONTRAINDICATED DURING THIS PROCEDURE ?
NECK FLEXION AT ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL JOINT
INTRODUCTION OF BLADE TOWARDS THE RIGHT SIDE OF OROPHARYNX
HEAD ELEVATION
PREOXYGENATION WITH 100% OXYGEN
0a
single
THE PROCEDURE SHOW IS TH ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION IN THIS TECHNIQUE OF INTUBATION INCLUDES : PATIENT SHOULD BE SUPINE AND THERE SHOULD BE EXTENSION AT ATLANTOOCCIPITAL JOINT AND FLEXION AT CERVICAL SPINE Indications of endotracheal intubation : For suppoing ventilation in patient with :- Upper airway obstruction Respira...
Anaesthesia
All India exam
51a6a224-9c2d-47a1-9f0b-e0611395ff11
Lactose intolerance in a suspected patient is diagnosed by giving an oral load of lactose and measuring concentration of:
CO2
H2
One/two carbon compounds
N2
1b
single
b. H2 (Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2870, Ghai 8/e p 297)Breath hydrogen tests can be used to determine a specific carbohydrate malabsorption.It can be used to diagnose bacterial overgrowth or lactose/fructose malabsorption.
Pediatrics
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
e507b42b-225b-450c-90fc-5c173f62a091
Laser uvulopharyngopalatoplasty is the surgery done for which of the following?
Snoring
Recurrent pharyngotonsilitis
Cleft palate
Stammering
0a
single
Snoring : Noisy breathing, a rough, rattling inspiratory noise produced by vibration of pendulous soft palate or occasionally of vocal cords, during sleep. Snoring indicates some obstruction in upper airway and represents a continum of the similar pathology as of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), where snoring is on one e...
ENT
null
9ff808a7-4e6b-490c-85a0-fd8603fad951
Best uterine relaxation is seen with:
Chloroform
Nitrous oxide
Ether
Halothane
3d
single
Halothane inhibit intestinal and uterine contractions. This propey is used for facilitating external or internal version during late pregnancy. However it&;s use during labour can prolong delivery bad increase postpaal blood loss. Muscle relaxation is minimal with nitrous oxide. Rest of the drugs donot have uterine con...
Pharmacology
Anesthesia
9de20b36-96a0-469c-a94d-89a3e73dc07c
Cylindroma is:
Appendage tumor
Acinic cell carcinoma
Pleomorphic adenoma
Wahin's tumor
0a
single
Cylindroma A malignant epithelial tumour also known as Turban tumor Known as cylindroma because of histological appearance
Surgery
Plastic Surgery and Skin Lesions
c67e1b88-6673-434f-925e-01b7cddc5e42
"Endemic" typhus is transmitted by:
Rickettsia prowazeki
Ricketssia mooseri
Ricketssia burnetti
Ehrilichia chafeensis
1b
single
Ricketssia mooseri
Microbiology
null
a41242a3-9e56-4b83-8b5c-755995d5c0bc
Oxygen dissociation curve shifts to right in:
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis
Anemia
3d
single
Anemia
Physiology
null
1e443065-2424-4e6f-86b7-624ea91e845a
Type of anemia seen in Rheumatoid ahritis is:
Microcytic hypochromic anaemia
Macrocytic hypochromic anaemia
Normocytic hypochromic anaemia
Normocytic normochromic anaemia
3d
single
Answer is D (Normocytic normochromic anaemia): Wormoehromic, normoepie anaemia k frequently present in Rheumatoid ahritis. It is thought to reflect ineffective erythropoesis, large stores of iron are found in the bone marrow'-
Medicine
null
00b6bd07-5d35-48f6-9d5c-062e9cde5fd9
The eponymus Trisomy 18 is
Cri du chat syndrome
Patau's syndrome
Down's syndrome
Edward's syndrome
3d
single
(D) Edward's syndrome EXAMPLES OF CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERSChromosomesResult2n (46, XX)Normal female2n (46, XY)Normal maleNUMERICAL ABNORMALITIESTriploidy (3n), tetraploidy (4n)Spontaneous abortionParthenogenesis (2n from same parent)Spontaneous abortionAneuploidy (2n + specific chromosome) Trisomy 21 (47, XY,+21)Down's sy...
Psychiatry
Miscellaneous
b48fff09-6da1-4298-8425-e408b7230e8e
Which pulse is felt to check for return of pulse in CPCR:-
Carotid pulse
Femoral pulse
Brachial pulse
Any pulse
0a
single
Carotid pulse is felt for not more than 10 sec. In pediatric - carotid pulse or femoral pulse can also is felt. in infant - only brachial pulse is felt
Anaesthesia
Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation
2f7a5fc1-0003-41d2-8623-f3d066eb668a
Pain in varicose vein is due to all except
Increased venous wall tension
Increased capillary permeability
Hyperviscosity of RBCs
Hypoxia of tunica media of venous wall
1b
multi
In varicose veins, there is decreased capillary permeability causing capillary functional disorder.
Surgery
null
c8f5da00-b1d6-47b1-894d-244cc2c400b4
Which of the following is false about sideropenic dysphagia?
Pre malignant
Pre cricoid webs
Anemia
Common in peri menopausal women
1b
multi
Sideropenic dysphagia or plummer vinson syndrome has post cricoid webs. Triad is IDA, chelitis and koilonychia.
Surgery
null
54fa6d1a-7726-49b0-be3d-5acf084a6871
Drugs used in treatment of acute gout -
Allopurinol
Colchicine
Pamidronate
Methotrexate
1b
multi
Management of Acute Gout Management should focus on first dealing with the acute attack and then giving prophylaxis to lower SUA and prevent fuher attacks. Oral colchicine given in doses of 0.5 mg twice or 3 times daily is the treatment of first choice in acute gout. It works by inhibiting microtubule assembly in neutr...
Medicine
Immune system
2ab16d15-f237-4e0e-9e61-d77c2368e6cd
Rare orbit sign is seen in:
NF I
NF II
Sturge weber syndrome
Tuberous sclerosis
0a
single
Ans. NF I
Radiology
null
6ed3f57a-2a14-4b68-a0c4-5a04418f7306
Vandematram Scheme is included in -
RCH
ICDS
IMCI
NRHS
0a
single
Vandemataram scheme is included in reproductive and child health programme. This is a voluntary scheme wherein any obstretic and gynaec specialist, maternity home, nursing home, lady doctor/MBBS doctor can volunteer themselves for providing safe motherhood services. Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICI...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health programmes in India
4429d82c-a733-4050-b1ad-2f06acb3da94
Longest diameter of fetal skull is?
Occipito frontal
Submentobregmatic
Suboccipito frontal
Mento vertical
3d
single
Ans. (d) Mento verticalRef : D.C. Dutta 8th ed. / 94-97DIAMETERS OF SKULL* The antero-posterior diameters of the head which may engage are:DiametersMeasurment (In Cm)PresentationSuboccipito-bregmatic9.5 cmVertexSuboccipito-frontal10 cmVertexOccipito - frontal11.5 cmVertexMento-vertical: extend from mid-point of chin to...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Fetal Skull and Maternal Pelvis
cabc9178-7f7c-4156-bbce-e0e922d6195b
All of the following statements are true except?
Microglial cells are modified macrophages in Brain
Hofbauer cells are modified macrophages in placenta
Stellate cells are modified macrophages in Liver
Osteoclasts are modified macrophages
2c
multi
Kupffer cells are modified macrophages in Liver.
Pathology
null
7075cdc4-d587-4888-8c80-02769a0a22db
A patient present painful vesicles in the ear, and tongue. He is also complaining of facial weakness and hearing loss. Diagnosis is -
Fungal infection
Chicken pox
Ramsay hunt syndrome
None
2c
multi
Ramsay Hunt syndrome It is lower motor neuron type of facial palsy due to Varicella (herpes) zoster. Pain is often a prominent feature and vesicles are seen in the ipsilateral ear, on the hard palate and/or on anterior two third of the tongue. It may involve other cranial nerves-V, VIII, IX and X and cervical branche...
Dental
null
98d27a6b-8d37-4adc-9c0e-418021c55806
A 58 year old lady is diagnosed to have carcinoma stomach. CT scan of abdomen showed a mass measuring 4 cm mass in the antrum with involvement of serosa. What is the treatment?
Total gastrectomy
Subtotal gastrectomy
Palliative
Chemotherapy
1b
multi
For tumours distally placed in the stomach, it appears unnecessary to remove the whole stomach. Distal gastrectomy is choiceFor proximal tumours total gastrectomy is done.Palliative, chemotherapy are choice in non operable cancers.Non operabilityHaematogenous metastases,Involvement of the distant peritoneum, N4 nodal d...
Surgery
G.I.T
c2b92bd3-f89c-429e-be8d-25d2d6c5806e
What does forward scatter in flow cytometry used to assess?
Cell death
Cell size
Cell granules
Cell fluorescence
1b
single
Ans: B. Cell sizeFlow cytometry:Technique for counting, examining & soing microscopic paicles suspended in a stream of fluid.Allows simultaneous multi-parametric analysis of physical and/or chemical characteristics of single cells flowing through an optical and/or electronic detection apparatus.Measures optical & fluor...
Biochemistry
null
26348ad5-c80f-4eb3-b72f-fbac4c97fed5
Direct immunofluorescence(DIF) is negative in:
Bullous Pemphigoid
Cicatricial pemphigoid
Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica
Pemphigus Folaceous
2c
single
All of the above are autoimmune disorders except Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica which is because of defective collagen.7 in dermis and hence DIF is negative.
Dental
null
b4816029-73d3-4c73-af3a-df1cddbe4fa5
An anganwadi worker is trained for -
3 months
4 months
5 months
6 months
1b
single
-under ICDS Scheme, there is an anganwadi worker for a population of 400-800. - anganwadi worker is selected from the community itself - undergoes a training in various aspects of health, nutrition and child development for 4 months. Reference : Park's textbook of preventive and social medicine, 23rd edition, pg no:903...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Health education & planning
adcea677-f5f7-4121-b914-2c2dfec185a0
The most common cause of acute cor-pulmonale is
Pneumonia
Pulmonary thromboembolism
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Primary spontaneous pneumothorax
1b
single
Anticoagulation The main principle of treatment for PE is anticoagulation Thrombolytic and surgical therapy Thrombolysis is indicated in any patient presenting with acute massive PE accompanied by cardiogenic shock. In the absence of shock, the benefits are less clear but thrombolysis may be considered in those present...
Medicine
Respiratory system
9c623f35-7930-46de-b9ad-285d7fc8050f
Size of microfilled composite ranges from:
0.1-1micron
0.01-0.1 micron
0.001-0.01 micron
0.005-0.02 micron
1b
single
Microfilled composites are agglomerates of 0.01- to 0.1-µm inorganic colloidal silica particles embedded in 5- to 50-µm resin filler particles. Classification of Reinforcing Filler Particles by Size Range
Dental
null
7dda38e3-853f-43b2-8975-d2d244084280
Tongue muscles are derived from -
Occipital somites
Pharyngeal pouch
Hypobranchial emminence
Neural crest Palate
0a
single
Musculature of the tongue is mainly derived from myoblasts originating in the occipital somites. Thus, the tongue musculature is innervated by hypoglossal nerve.
Anatomy
null
b231abc5-bcfd-4882-8e18-c95a1fa6f3d1
Miner's cramp are due to ?
Heat collaps
Heat cramps
Sunstroke
Heat exhaustion
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Heat cramps Exposure to high atmospheric temperatures causes three clinical conditions :? 1. Heat cramps/Miner's cramps/Stoker's cramp/Firemen's cramp These are painful spasm of voluntary muscles which follow sternous work in a hot atmosphere. These are caused by loss of water and salt in profuse pres...
Forensic Medicine
null
fe045f6d-871d-4c2a-91d5-444c244bb716
A patient presents with diarrhea. analysis of stool on wet mount shows mobile protozoa without RBCs and pus cells. The diagnosis is
Balantidium coli
Giardiasis
Trichomonas hominis
Entamoeba histolytica
1b
single
Mobile protozoa with the absence of RBC's and pus cells in stools in a patient with diarrhoea suggests giardiasis. In balantidium coli and entamoeba histolytica infections, pus cells and RBC's will be present in stools. Trichomonas hominis is considered as non-pathogenic
Microbiology
null
7dd7a5a5-1008-4e0c-b85c-53fd60bd2e41
Suprameatal triangle externally represents:
Transverse sinus
Promontory of middle car
Internal acoustic meatus
Mastoid antrum
3d
multi
Suprameatal triangle, also known as MacEwen's triangle, is seen in temporal bone of skull, in  norma lateralis view. It is a small area/depression present posterior and superior to external acoustic meatus. It forms the lateral wall of mastoid antrum. It is of importance to surgeons performing cortical mastoidectomy. ...
Anatomy
null
a675f50c-a1ba-4ab3-b9cb-dcb422a71130
Corneal endothelial cell count is done by -
Specular microscopy
Keratometry
Gonioscopy
Slit lamp
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Specular microscopy o Specular microcopy is used for corneal endothelial density.Important corneal examinationsCsed foro Keratometry. Comeal topographyCurvature of corneao Specular microscopyCorneal endothelial densityo Slit lampCorneal opacityo PachymeterThickness of corneao Placido's discCorneal she...
Ophthalmology
Techniques of Ocular Examination and Diagnostic Tests
98c796ff-c37e-4434-a735-9b8d3588b0f7
1st extensor compartment of wrist contains -
EPL
EPB
ECRL
ECRB
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., EPB CompartentContentsIAbductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevisIIExtensor carpi radialis longus and brevisIIIExtensor pollicis longusIVExtensor digitorum, extensor indicis, posterior interosseus nerve, anterior interosseus arteryVExtensor digiti minimiVIExtensor carpi ulnaris
Anatomy
Hand
173775f1-3bd3-4679-a87a-a4fcf1b61ebf
Which of the following is NOT TRUE regarding PROPOFOL?
It is used in day care anesthesia
It is contraindicated in porphyria
Commercial preparation contains egg extract
It does not cause airway irritation
1b
multi
Propofol is a drug of choice in porphyria as it does not have any role in enzymatic pathways related to it. Sodium thiopental is contraindicated in porphyria as it is an enzyme inducer. Barbiturates promote aminolevulinic acid synthetase, which stimulates the formation of porphyrin (an intermediary in heme synthesis). ...
Anaesthesia
General anaesthesia
5494a8d4-4fca-4cf6-9639-602d548879d4
Keisselbach's plexus is present at ?
Medial wall of nasopharynx
Lateral wall of nasal cavity
Anteroinferior pa of nasal septum
Posterior pa of the nasal cavity
2c
multi
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Anteroinferior pa of nasal septum
Anatomy
null
362c70ed-9bc0-4266-8462-4c8302d7ef52
Which of the following stain is used for diagnosis of Granular dystrophy of cornea?
Colloidal iron
Congo red
PAS
Masson trichrome
3d
single
Ans: D. Masson trichrome(Ref: Kanski 7/e p212-224; Parson :s 22/e p212-214, 21/e p207-209; Yanoff and Duker 4/e p261).Masson trichrome stain - Used for granular corneal dystrophy diagnosis.Granular dystrophy:AD inheritance with gene locus on 5q31Onset: First decade with recurrent erosionsSigns (in chronological order):...
Ophthalmology
null
c35a9af4-05ce-4ef5-aa31-fd9f8fdc8dd9
Which diagram represents the changes (after osmotic equilibrium) in extracellular and intracellular fluid volumes and osmolarities after the infusion of 3% NaCl?
A
B
C
D
2c
single
A 3% solution of NaCl is hypeonic, and when infused into the extracellular fluid, it would raise osmolarity, thereby causing water to flow out of the cells into the extracellular fluid until osmotic equilibrium is achieved. In the steady state, extracellular fluid volume would increase, intracellular fluid volume would...
Physiology
Body fluid compaments
ac783158-17ba-4945-a4dc-f82c997bf9b5
Papillary necrosis features are all except:
Egg in cup
Hyperdense nephrogram
Calyceal horns
"Ring shadows"
1b
multi
B i.e. Hyperdense nephrogram Characteritic IVP features of papillary necrosis include ball in cup or egg in cup configuration, signet ring sing or ring shadow of papilla, lobster clew sign, club shaped (saccular) calyxQ, amputated calyces, multiple cavities, nonopaque filling defects and diminished density of contrast ...
Radiology
null
ae768e6a-d046-4b51-b79e-900fa8f3a469
Which of teh following statements about recommended daily allowance is false -
The RDA is decided by a panel of expes and is based on scientific research
The RDA caters to the dietry requirement of all people
The RDA is often higher than the recommended minimum requirement
The RDA is based on the estimated average requirement (EAR)
1b
multi
BALANCED DIET A diet may be defined as the kinds of food on which a person or group lives. A balanced diet is defined as one which contains a variety of foods in such quantities and propoions that the need for energy, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, fats, carbohydrate and other nutrients is adequately met for maintain...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Nutrition and health
a4f94942-2b95-40d5-8dbc-d17832ddfa27
A neonate presents with colicky pain and vomiting with sausage -shaped lump in the abdomen, Diagnosis is
Enterocolitis
Perforation of the abdomen
Intussusception
Acute appendicitis
2c
single
C. i.e. (Intussusception) (80-B & L 25th)INTUSSUSCEPTION* Typically causes a strangulating bowel obstruction, which can progress to gangrene and perforation* Commonest site is ileocolic** (80%)* Majority of affected infants - intussusception is caused by (Hypertrophy of Peyer's patches) hyperplasia of gut lymphoid tiss...
Surgery
Small & Large Intestine
f3f5d552-65b8-49a5-b573-cfaef7f9eee9
What presentation is most likely to accompany this angiographic finding?
Binocular visual loss
Hemineglect
Paratonic rigidity
Urinary incontinence
0a
single
Answer A. Binocular visual lossThe patient developed vertigo and binocular visual loss during cardiac catheterization. Cerebral angiography revealed total occlusion of the distal basilar artery consistent with cardioembolic stroke. All neurological abnormalities resolved following selective intraarterial thrombolysis.
Medicine
C.N.S.
5f14ba19-846a-473e-a11f-49186c4206ab
Most common site of fertilisation is:
Interstitiuin
Isthumus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
2c
single
Ans: C (Ampulla) Ref: Dutta: Textbook of Obstetrics 7th ed pg 21. 22Explanation:FERTILISATIONProcess of fusion of sperm with ovum forming zygote.Fertilisation occurs in the ampullary end of the tube.From ovulation to implantation* Complete dissolution of corona radiata occurs by chemical action of hyaluronidase liberat...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Tubal Pregnancy
54453e21-9a33-4875-a53d-6768486a0210
Pain in absolute glaucoma is best relieved by: March 2004
Retrobulbar injection of alcohol
Analgesics
Trabeculectomy
Miotics
0a
single
Ans. A i.e. Retrobulbar injection of steroid
Ophthalmology
null
8a4fa741-4898-40bb-bd11-8cedb1b2dd09
Most common secondary tumor with Retinoblastoma is
Neuroblastoma
Pineoblastoma
Osteochondroma
Osteosarcoma
3d
single
Most common secondary tumor with Retinoblastoma Osteosarcoma, Soft tissue sarcoma and malignant melanoma.
Pediatrics
null