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2e40a876-43fa-45fb-b019-1a66195a0a34 | All of the following are DNA viruses Except | Parvo virus | Paramyxo virus | Herpes virus | Pox virus | 1b | multi | Some of the impoant DNA Viruses1. Adenovirus2. Hepatitis B3. Herpesviridae 4. HPV5. Parvovirus B196. Polyomaviridae 7. Poxviridae Ref: Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology; Twenty-Seventh Edition; Selected Medically Impoant Microorganisms | Microbiology | Virology |
d9a72083-4c81-425f-b551-6ecc6a63d5b5 | If a patient with Raynaud's disease puts his hand in cold water, the hand appears: | Red | Yellow | White | Blue | 2c | single | Raynaud's phenomenon is due to intense vasospasm of peripheral arteries that results in change in colour of fingertips as a response to cold or emotion. It is seen in scleroderma and L.E.
One variant of systemic sclerosis is the CREST syndrome, an acronym of the five major findings: calcinosis cutis, Raynaud's phenomeno... | Pathology | null |
25de866a-d4ac-4849-8969-a84fc435eee8 | The hormone responsible for lactation is | Prolactin | FSH | LH | Progesterone | 0a | single | (Prolactin): Ref: 63-D, 4/4-K. Sembulingeum 3rdEndocrine control of lactation can be divided in to following stage(a) Preparation of breast (mammogenesis)(b) Synthesis and secretion of milk by breast alveoli (lactogenesis)(c) Ejection of milk (galactokinesis)(d) aintenance of lactation (galactopoiesis)* Immediately aft... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) |
2825e7d6-6284-4830-9bc2-29596605a6e4 | Most common mental health disorder is | Anxiety | Depression | Phobia | Schizophrenia | 1b | single | Tourette's disorder(Gilles de la Tourette) - combined vocal and multiple motor tic disorder. presence of both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics (>1 year) Onset <18 years involuntary, spasmodic, stereotyped movement of small groups of muscles; seen most predominantly in moments of stress or anxiety Ex: Nose twit... | Psychiatry | All India exam |
bdf73dcb-c2e3-40c6-b9e4-4dc7d76310a5 | Chronological order of lochia is - | Rubra, serosa ,alba | Alba , rubra, serosa | Serosa, alba, rubra | Rubra, alba, seosa | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rubra, serosa, alba NameColorTiming (days)Contents1. Lochia rubraRed1-4Blood, decidua, fetal membranes, vernix, lanugo, and meconium2. Lochia serosaYellowish, pink, and brownish5-9Leucocytes, cervical mucus, and organisms3. Lochial albaPale white10-15Decidua, cells, leucocytes, mucin, cholesterin crys... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Normal Puerperium |
657ea43f-d62f-4231-b123-42b4d299e836 | Which is the most likely to cause pulp necrosis? | Subluxation | Extrusion | Avulsion | Concussion | 2c | single | To have pulp space infection, the pulp must first become necrotic. This will occur in a fairly serious injury in which displacement of the tooth results in severing of the apical blood vessels. | Dental | null |
988eb25b-9a5d-4b79-8e8a-53ad32917ec0 | Reiter's syndrome is due to - | Chlamydia | Nisseria | Myoplasma | Herpes virus | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Chlamydia . Reiter syndrome is caused by --> Chlamydia trachomatis ureaplasma urelyticum, Salmonella Spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Campylobactor Spp. | Microbiology | null |
953e7a3e-3b5f-4dc6-aad0-d05a2ed95db1 | Which of the following is the most effective buffer for pH of 7.4? | Carbonic acid buffer with pKA-6.1 | Phosphate buffer with pKA of 6.9 | Glutamate buffer with pKA-8.7 | Acetate buffer with pKa 4.5 | 1b | single | Blood pH - 7.4 Buffer is most effective when pH = pKA +- 1 Therefore the most effective buffer for pH- 7.4 will be the one whose pKA +- 1 will cover this pH. Out of given options pKA +- 1 of phosphate buffer (5.9 to 7.9) covers pH 7.4. So most effective buffer for blood will be Phosphate buffer with pKA of 6.9. | Biochemistry | JIPMER 2018 |
7d437337-3b07-470c-9c3c-15111bc1117a | Most potent antigen presenting cell is? | B cells | Dendritic cells | T cells | NK cells | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Dendritic cells * Important antigen presenting cells are macrophages, B-cells, dendritic cells and Langherhans cell, Dendritic cells are the most potent and effective antigen presenting cells.* Dendritic cells are the most potent and effective antigen presenting cells. | Pathology | Immunity |
e09e47be-f3c3-4f28-a37f-74491907588e | Transmitters mainly involved in OCN is | GABA | NE | Dopamine | Serotonin | 3d | single | D i.e. SerotoninOCN involves Serotonin (5-HT) system, so fluoxetine (SSRI) is DOC.DiseaseRelated NeurotransmitterAlzheimer'sdisease- Acetyl cholineQ & Nor epinephrine are hypoactive- So anticholine-esterase - TacrineQ is used in treatment.DepressionNorepinephrine, Serotonin (5-HT)Q & Dopamine are reducedOCNSerotonin (5... | Psychiatry | null |
fc242d58-17a5-452d-bf1d-a0f3b19cd8ea | Cystic supratentorial tumor is? | Craniopharyngioma | Ependymoma | Medulloblastoma | None of the above | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Craniopharyngioma * Craniopharyngioma is supratentorial slow growing cystic tumor.Other options* Ependymoma can both supra and infratentorial.* Medulloblastoma is an infratentorial tumor. | Pathology | Central Nervous System |
0337f8e2-e9fb-4b34-b6f6-2a21de14f8b9 | True statement regarding hyperophic scar: | Usually occurs across the flexural areas | Does not improve with time | Overgrows its boundaries | Develops months after surgery | 0a | multi | Feature Hyperophic Scar Keloid Genetic Not Familial May be familial Race Not race related Black > white Sex Female = male Female > male Age Children 10-30 years Border Remains within wound Outgrows wound area Natural history Subsides with time Rarely subsides Site Flexor surfaces Stemum (MC ), shoulder, face Etiology R... | Surgery | JIPMER 2018 |
1e9446d1-a37c-4e78-833d-ce6302fa35a6 | The Syndrome which represent subset of the Carney complex is: | NAME syndrome | Leopard syndrome | MERRF syndrome | Wilkie's syndrome | 0a | single | NAME syndrome and LAMB syndrome represents the subsets of carney's complex. Approximately 90% of myxomas are sporadic; the remainder are familial with autosomal dominant transmission. The familial variety often occurs as pa of a syndrome complex (Carney complex) that includes (1) myxomas (cardiac, skin, and/or breast),... | Medicine | null |
d0aaea50-8928-4b40-ad20-7161f679bbc0 | Which of the following marked muscles is Involved in Opening of jaw? | A | B | C | D | 0a | single | Depression of Mandible done by Lateral Pterygoid Mylohyoid Anterior belly of digastric muscle *In the image Marker A - Lateral Pterygoid Marker B - Lateral to mandible bone - Masseter Marker C - TowardsTemporal region - Temporalis (retraction of Mandible) Marker D - Subcutaneous Muscle - Buccinator (Cheek muscle - Acce... | Anatomy | AIIMS 2017 |
7ea22ebe-46aa-4c11-8a7d-11c475535b35 | Sympathetic Stimulation causes all of the following, except | Increase in heart rate | Increase in blood pressure | Increase in total peripheral resistance | Increase in venous capacitance | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) Increase in venous capacitanceRef.: Ganong's physiology, 23rd ed, chapter 17SYMPATHETIC STIMULATIONBeta 1 Receptor -* SA node: increase in heart rate* AV node: increase in conduction velocity* HIS Purkinje system: increase in conduction velocity* Atria: increase in contractility and conduction velocity* Ventri... | Physiology | Autonomic Nervous System |
252e2c38-1f19-4425-bfc0-a6e11ab4a0d8 | Gastric emptying is mainly regulated by | neural reflexes | Enteric reflexes | Local hormones in stomach | Local hormones in duodenum | 1b | single | Gastric emptying is mainly regulated by enteric reflexes. Regulation of gastric emptying is mainly by the inhibitory feedback signals from the duodenum that includes enterogastric reflex and hormonal feedback by cholecystokinin. Enterogastric reflex: When food enters the duodenum , multiple nervous reflexes are inititi... | Physiology | G.I.T |
063d0a6f-c3e9-407f-9b83-ca334c6279f1 | Radio isotope used in both Teletherapy and brachy therapy | Radium-226 | Gold-198 | Cesium-137 | Iodine-125 | 2c | multi | Co-60 and Cs-137 are used in both Teletherapy and brachytherapy. | Radiology | null |
698b75ee-9299-433f-ac10-8cf95488a061 | A 30 year old woman with a bad obstetric history presents with fever. The blood culture from the patient grows gram--positive small to medium coccobacilli that are pleomorphic, occurring in sho chains. Direct wet mount from the culture shows tumbling motility. The most likely organism is: | Listera monocytogenes | Corynebacterium sp. | Enterococcus sp. | Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | 0a | multi | Listeria are small gram positive coccobacilli with characteristic tumbling motility. They are non motile at 38 degree Celsius as the flagellae are produced optimally at 20-30 degree Celsius. Reference: Ananthanarayan and Paniker&;s Textbook of Microbiology Tenth edition | Microbiology | Bacteriology |
39eea8ce-c86a-4277-96ef-a44c7023a526 | The Haversian system is found in - | Diaphysis of long bones | Cancellous bone | Epiphysis | Spongy bones of children | 0a | single | Shaft (diaphysis) of a long bone is made up of cortical (compact) bone which consists of Haversian system. | Anatomy | null |
e195b174-9418-437c-9825-ab806ea0cd7d | Which of the following is seen in obstructive jaundice- | Excess of urobilinogen in urine | Excess of unconjugated serum bilirubin | Excess of bile salts in the urine | All of the above | 2c | multi | Ans-C | Unknown | null |
86a2d58a-8186-41ec-a742-ff98c92682b6 | True statement about first order kinetics is | A constant amount of a drug is eliminated in unit time | The half-life increases with an increase in dose | The rate of elimination is constant | The rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma concentration | 3d | multi | Ans. (D) The rate of elimination is proportional to the plasma concentration (Ref: KDT 8th/e p38)Drugs may follow zero order or first order kinetics. It depends on the following formula:Rate of Elimination a {PlasmaConcentration}order* Thus, if a drug follows zero order kinetics, {PlasmaConcentration}0 is equal to one,... | Pharmacology | General Pharmacology |
a8cebb7b-f159-41a5-9867-5cf9c93617a9 | A 5 year old male child has multiple hyper pigmented macules over the trunk, on rubbing the lesion with the rounded end of a pen. He developed uicarial wheal, confined to the border of the lesion. The most likely diagnosis is | Fixed drug eruption | Licken planus | Uicaria pigmentosa | Uicarial vasculitis | 2c | single | Uicaria pigmentosa Uicaria is characterized by large, irregularly shaped pruritic, erythematous wheels Special forms of uicaria have special features (Dermographism, cholinergic uicaria, solar uicaria, or cold uritcaria) Most incidents are acute and self-limited over a period of 1-2 weeks Chronic uicaria (episodes last... | Surgery | null |
63903110-99a0-489d-9161-c31d85ca9976 | A person developed seizures on the railway station while waiting for the train. A wristband was found showing that he is a patient of epilepsy and has a medicine in his pocket. What will you do next? | Put a handkerchief in his mouth and restrain him by holding hands and legs | Take him away from the train, give him medicine with small sips of water and wait for seizure to resolve | Take him away from the train, give him medicine with small sips of water and raise his legs and wait for seizure to resolve | Take him away from the train, make him lie down and refer to the hospita | 2c | multi | Ans. c. Take him away from the train, give him medicine with small sips of water and raise his legs and wait for seizure to resolve | Medicine | null |
f61d36a7-c03e-404d-b7d7-b15da3c094cf | Serum ACE levels are reduced in | Sarcoidosis | COPD | DM | Hisoplasmosis | 1b | single | (B) COPD# Elevated levels of ACE are found in sarcoidosis, and are used in diagnosing and monitoring this disease.> Elevated levels of ACE are also found in leprosy, hyperthyroidism, acute hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus, multiple myeloma, osteoarthritis, amyloidosis, Gaucher disease, pneumoconi... | Medicine | Miscellaneous |
43336655-02f9-4489-96c1-fb984fdb23b7 | Sebaceous cyst is seen in all of the following sites EXCEPT | Scalp | Face | Palm & Soles | Scrotum | 2c | multi | (C) Palm & Soles # Sebaceous Cyst is a cyst of the sebaceous gland due to blockage of the duct of this gland which opens mostly into the hair follicle.> The gland becomes distended by its own secretion.> Obviously it contains sebum.> It is commonly seen in young adults, though no age is exempt.> It may occur any where ... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
4a72a511-3999-4230-b94f-153e8a6841d0 | All of the following statements about Lymphoepethelioma are true, Except | Parotid gland is the most common site of Lymphoepethelioma in the Head & Neck region | It is associated with EBV infection | It is highly radiosensitive | It is a type of squammous cell carcinoma | 0a | multi | Ans is A i.e. Parotid gland is the most common site of Lymphoepithelioma in the Head & Neck region "Lymphoepithelioma is a carcinoma with a lymphoid stroma and occurs in the nasopharynx, tonsillar fossa, and base of tongue; it may also occur in the salivary glands. In the spindle cell variant, found in 2% to 5% of uppe... | Surgery | null |
748461e9-65da-4b17-809f-b7ca49a0b3b6 | A 35 year old male cannot adduct his left eye while looking to the right. The lesion is in - | Abducens | Oculomotor nerve | Trochlear nerve | Trigeminal Nerve | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e. Oculomotor nerve Features of 3rd (occulomotor) nerve palsyo Paralysis of superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus and inferior oblique. Eye is down and out due to unopposed action of superior oblique and lateral rectus. Medial & upward gaze is not possibleo Paralysis of sphinctor pupillae - Loss... | Ophthalmology | Ocular Motility |
5ed90de5-efaa-42e0-96a1-35cd95cc80c2 | Disscociated vertical deviation seen in | Vertical on looking up | Horizontal on looking in | Vertical on looking down | Horizontal on looking out | 2c | single | Diplopia—seeing double—is a symptom with many potential causes, both neurological and .
This group of patients may also describe palinopsia—multiple images .
However, other causes of an apparent superior oblique palsy such as .
The optokinetic system cannot be properly assessed at bedside because the OKN | Ophthalmology | null |
4c758f04-40af-42a2-a14b-873e427dc444 | Fluorescein dye study is done to detect | Assess retinal function of babies | Retinal vascular pathology | Macular pathology | Posterior segment of eye | 1b | single | A fluorescein angiography is a medical procedure in which a fluorescent dye is injected into the bloodstream. The dye highlights the blood vessels in the back of theeye so they can be photographed.Retinal vascular disorders e.g., diabetic retinopathy and central retinal vein occlusion Reference : A K KHURANA Comprehens... | Ophthalmology | Anatomy, Development and clinical examination |
5c70eac8-05f1-47de-9611-4958b7b3d1e3 | After agreeing to have no more children, a man and his wife decided he should have a vasectomy. What structure would then be surgically ligated? | Ductus deferens | Ejaculatory duct | Epididymis | Fossa navicularis | 0a | multi | In a vasectomy, the ductus deferens is ligated or excised. This means that the fluid that is then ejaculated from the seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands has no sperm. The sperm simply degenerate in the epididymis and the proximal ductus deferens. It would not be a good idea to ligate the ejaculatory d... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
0f2d95be-08a3-4b47-bec8-79211b2fbc79 | All of the following are features of metoprolol in comparison to propanolol EXCEPT: | It is ineffective in suppressing muscle tremor | It is relatively safer in diabetics | It is less likely to cause bradycardia | It is less likely to worsen Raynaud's disease | 2c | multi | Cardioselective b blockers (metoprolol, atenolol, acebutolol, bisoprolol, nebivolol). More potent in blocking cardiac (b1 ) than bronchial (b2) receptors.Their features are: 1. Lower propensity to cause bronchoconstriction 2. Less interference with carbohydrate metabolism and less inhibition of glycogenolysis during hy... | Pharmacology | Sympathetic System |
37a8992e-156f-4f48-b144-f1f3b8d762fd | Green color in triage denotes- | Dead patients | Ambulatory patients | Medium priority | High priority | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ambulatory patients * The most common triage classification system used international is four colour code system.1. Red - High priority treatment or transfer2. Yellow - Medium priority3. Green - Ambulatory patients4. Black - Dead or moribund patients | Social & Preventive Medicine | Hospital waste, disaster management and occupational health |
fad9bbeb-7d85-4df3-82a8-91b7f7fd239a | Conn&;s syndrome it characterised by all except - | Polyuria | Polydipsia | Weakness | Anasarca | 3d | multi | Conn syndrome is characterused by primary hyperaldosteronism by a aldosterone producing adenoma(APA). The clinical hallmark of mineralocoicoid excess is hypokalemic hypeension; serum sodium tends to be normal due to the concurrent fluid retention, which in some cases can lead to peripheral edema.and in severe cases, it... | Medicine | Endocrinology |
5fff0c20-e12f-49c4-91d7-1bbed3d26618 | Neonatal meningitis is caused by all except? | N. meningitis | E. coli | Listeria | Group B streptococci | 0a | multi | a. N. meningitidis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2936-2948, Ghai 8/e p 563-565)Common causes of Neonatal meningitis include E.coli, Listeria and Gr B Streptococci | Pediatrics | Central Nervous System |
aae29d05-d901-46e9-8704-61e2fdbb0000 | Lung abscess is least likely a complication of | Lobar pneumonia | Bronchopneumonia | Malignancy | Bronchiectasis | 1b | single | Lung abscess can be divided on acute (less than 6 weeks) and chronic (more than 6 weeks). It can be called primary as a result of aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions (dental/periodontal infection, para nasal sinusitis, disturbance states of consciousness, swelling disorders, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, freque... | Medicine | Respiratory system |
5b399597-9652-4958-8e90-3d218c133b7f | which of the following is a tri cyclic antidepressant | amitryptilline | fluoxetine | trazadone | bupropion | 0a | single | knowlede about the classes of antidepressents is very impoant as they are frequently asked in examinations amitriptilline is a tri cyclic antidepressent Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inibitor trazadone is a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI) Bupropion is a Noradrenaline and Dopamine reupt... | Anatomy | Pharmacotherapy in psychiatry |
babe116f-4ed1-46c2-8530-de773d828d52 | Chassarmoir surgery is done in | Uterine inversion | Vesicovaginal fistula repair | Ureterovesical fistula repair | Retroveed uterus | 1b | single | Chassarmoir technique Used for repair of vesicovaginal Fistula Technique: Flap splitting method Bladder and vaginal are widely separated and sutured in two layers Ref: SHAW&;S TEXTBOOK OF GYNECOLOGY; 15th edition; Pg no:187 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological diagnosis and operative surgery |
d7ee80f5-17d8-4498-ae54-d51b37c9d01b | During normal quite breathing, maximum work is done in which of the following? | To overcome chest and lung elastic recoil | To overcome airway resistance during inspiration | To overcome airway resistance during expiration | To overcome tissue resistance | 0a | single | Ans. a. To overcome chest and lung elastic recoil. (Ref. Guyton & Hall's Textbook of Medical Physiology 1 l,h/pg. 471; Fig. 37-1).During normal quiet breathing, all respiratory muscle contraction occurs during inspiration; expiration is almost entirely a passive process caused by elastic recoil of the lungs and chest c... | Physiology | Respiratory System |
fa7b9ed5-7774-4036-93b2-b1a4a4c5295b | Symptom of opioid withdrawal is: | Piloerection | Dry Skin | Bradycardia | Pupillary construction | 0a | single | Ans. A. PiloerectionOpioid Withdrawal* With long-term use of opioids down regulation of dynorphins, endogenous endorphins and opioid receptors takes place.* Abrupt cessation of opioid use does not allow time for upregulation of receptors It results in elevated neuronal firing and the opioid withdrawal syndrome.* Opioid... | Psychiatry | Substance Abuse |
6455f1b0-0aee-4ff5-8448-7b4f1ecdb05a | Ligament of Cooper, used in the surgery for femoral hernia repair, is formed by which of the extentions of inguinal ligament? | Lacunar ligament | Pectineal ligament | Ilioinguinal ligament | Reflected pa of inguinal ligament | 0a | single | Answer-A. Lacunar ligamentIt is also called Gimbernat's ligament.From the medial end, deep fibres curve horizontally backward to the medial side of pectin pubis forming lacunar ligament.This ligament is trainagular in shape, with the apex attached to the pubic tubercle.Its sharp lateral edge forms the medial boundary o... | Surgery | null |
8f434b52-2ebc-46df-883d-dd0d6fb2ff27 | Levamisole is used as all except - | Single dose in ascariasis | Immunostimulant | Paralysis of worms by depolarisation | Immunodepressant in high doses | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Immunodepressant in high doses Levamisol o Levamisole is an immunomodulator - restores depressed T cell function -3 Immunostimulant (not immunodepressant). o Single dose of levamisol can be used in ascariasis. Other uses --> A. duodenal (less active against N. americana). o It causes tonic paralysis (... | Pharmacology | null |
6a8741b3-a1f7-433d-98be-6a768ed87f08 | All are manifestations of tuberous sclerosis, EXCEPT: | Retinal hamaomas | Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis | Posterior embryotoxon | Renal angiomyolipomas | 2c | multi | Internal manifestations of tuberous sclerosis include seizures, mental retardation, central nervous system (CNS) and retinal hamaomas, pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (women), renal angiomyolipomas, and cardiac rhabdomyomas. Ref:Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 410 | Medicine | null |
76815149-bab2-434e-9175-f8f48551ee3f | Study time, place, and person of a disease is ________________ study- | Descriptive | Analytic | Association | Comparison | 0a | single | .DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES are usually the first phase of epidemiological investigation.these studies are concerned with observing the distribution of disease or healthrelated charecteristics in human populations.procedures in descriptive epidsemiology mainly includes,defining the population to be studied,defining the diseas... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology |
044005f2-40c4-4851-8392-05c51acb1148 | Heberden node denotes involvement of - | Distal inetrphalangeal joint | Proximal interpbalangel joint | Metacarpophalangeal joint | Metatarsophalangeal joint | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Distal inetrphalangeal joint o In osteoarthritis of hand : Distal interphalangeal joint Heberden s nodeProximal interphalangeal joint Bouchard's node | Orthopaedics | Rheumatoid Arthritis |
af949bf4-d8a2-4fc6-95f3-6b33323f75da | Opsonization takes place through - | C3a | C3b | C5a | C5b | 1b | single | The process of phagocytosis is fuher enhanced when microorganisms are coated with specific proteins, opsonins from the serum. Opsonins establish a bond between bacteria and bacteria and the membrane of the phagocytic cell. C3b is opsonin generated by activation of the implement pathway. RefReference: rush Mohan textboo... | Microbiology | Immunology |
b8ce7e8a-a9dd-4e26-a80b-7bf42ab14bac | Submucosal plexus is ? | Myenteric plexus | Auerbach's plexus | Meissner's plexus | Tympanic plexus | 2c | single | Innervation of GITThe gastrointestinal tract has a nervous system all its own called the enteric nervous system. It lies entirely in the wall of the gut, begining in the esophagus and extending all the way to the anus. The enteric nervous system is composed mainly of two plexus : -i) Myenteric plexus orAuerbach's plexu... | Anatomy | null |
34dc2919-bc11-47f1-a406-7ec314929ec6 | A patient of Chronic Kidney disease is having protracted vomiting. ABG repo is pH= 7.4, pCO2 =40 mm Hg, HCO3= 25 meq, Na= 145 meq and Chloride s 100 meq. Diagnosis is? | Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis | High anion gap metabolic acidosis | No acid base abnormality | High anion gap metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis | 3d | single | CKD leads to metabolic acidosis while vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis. The key to the answer is anion gap which is elevated to 25 implying unmeasured anions. (Normal average of 10 meq). It points to mixed etiology of metabolic acidosis and alkalosis. Normal values of pH, pCO2 and HCO3 does not ensure absence of a... | Medicine | Electrolyte Imbalance |
922e3802-d32f-40a8-8c08-82910187116d | DOC for Listeria monocytogenes | Penicillin G | Nitrofurantoin | Ampicillin | Ofloxacin | 2c | single | Aminopenicillins Ampicillin It is active against all organisms sensitive to PnG. In addition, many gram-negative bacilli, e.g. H. influenzae, E. coli, Proteus, Salmonella Shigella and Helicobacter pylori are inhibited. Ampicillin is more active than PnG for Strep. viridans, enterococci and Listeria monocytogenes; equal... | Pharmacology | Antibiotics |
40f17be2-53be-4c75-ab68-c73c73d37e19 | Maximum number of mucosal folds are found in which pa of fallopian tube | Infundibulum | Ampula | Isthmus | Interstitial pa | 1b | multi | Mucosa of fallopian tube Mucosa of fallopian tube is folded to form numerous longitudinal folds which project into the lumen. Maximum numbers of these folds are present in the ampulla. The mucosa is covered by simple columnar epithelium. The epithelium has two types of cells :? Ciliated cells Non-ciliated secretory cel... | Anatomy | null |
0b317318-27d5-430c-9c39-7dc0b463dc3a | Strawberry berry gallbladder' is seen in | Porcelain gall bladder | Cholesterosis | Necrosis of gall bladder | Gall bladder carcinoma | 1b | multi | the strawberry gallbladder is seen in cholesterosis,i.e.abnormal deposition of cholestrol in gallbladder.In the freshstate,the interior of the gallbladder looks something like a strawberry,the yellow specks (submucous aggregations of cholesterol crystals and cholesterol esters )correspond to the seeds. It may be associ... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
d1a88eca-e1f3-4286-b5f7-b0dbd1f76e4d | A 51-year-old man is seen in clinic because he feels chronically ill. Physical examination is notable for a palpable, nodular liver. Serum studies for hepatitis virus markers are positive for anti-HCV and negative for HbsAg and HBcAg. Core biopsy of the liver is performed to evaluate the extent of his disease, and demo... | Autoantibody production | Complement protein synthesis | HLA antigen expression | T-lymphocyte activity | 3d | multi | We are presently undergoing a hidden epidemic of hepatitis C infection in this country. While many individuals may have very slowly progressive courses with good health for decades, some develop cirrhosis relatively earlier in their disease process. These individuals are increasingly becoming candidates for liver trans... | Microbiology | null |
2bdab4d3-c580-464f-b2d1-7a3015276446 | A diabetic patient is undergoing dialysis . aspiration done around the knee joint would show | A beta 2 microglobulin | AA | AL | Lactoferrin | 0a | single | Ref Robbins 9/e p262 b2-Microglobulin, a component of MHC class I mole- cules and a normal serum protein, has been identified as the amyloid fibril subunit (Ab2m) in amyloidosis that com- plicates the course of patients on long-term hemodialysis. Ab2m fibers are structurally similar to normal b2m protein. This protein ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
eedb9591-24b8-40dc-a350-62ae424d1257 | Colposcopy is used to visualize all except: March 2005 | Upper 2/3rd endocervix | Lower 1/3rd endoCervix | Lateral fornix | Vault of vagina | 0a | multi | Ans. A: Upper 2/3rd endocervix Colposcopy is used to identify or rule out the existence of any precancerous conditions in the cervical tissue. If a Pap test shows abnormal cell growth, colposcopy is usually the first follow-up test performed. Colposcopy may also be performed if the cervix looks abnormal during a routin... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
4fc02d80-d663-4daa-a75e-e8efb73124bf | A young male presented with X-linked recessive disorder with hyperuricemia and mild retardation develops | Bronch chain amino acids metabolites deficiency | Hemogentisate oxidase defective enzymes | Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency | Phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency | 2c | single | The X linked inherited disorder is Lesch Nyhan Syndrome. This is due to the deficiency of HGPase.The rate of Salvage Pathway of Purine is reduced.Ref: DM Vasudevan - Textbook of Biochemistry, 7th edition, page no: 568 | Biochemistry | Metabolism of protein and amino acid |
6246b6c0-a31b-48cf-82a6-e6183cb635a0 | Which of the following is an autosomal recessive condition | A. Ataxia telangectasia | B. Peutz jiggers syndrome | C. Neurofibromatosis | D. Tuberous sclerosis | 0a | single | Ataxia telangectasia is an autosomal recessive condition Patients have increased sensitivity to x rays induced chromosome abnormalities Characterized by an ataxic dyskinetic syndrome beginning in early childhood ,caused by neural degeneration predominantly in the cerebellum, the subsequent development of telangectasia ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
4dfc6a95-25c6-4ca7-b544-c87d953d8ae9 | In a village having population of 1000, we found patients with ceain disease. The results of a new diagnostic test on that disease are also follows: Test Result: Disease Present Present + 180 400 - 20 400 What is the percent prevalence of disease? | 0.2 | 2 | 18 | 20 | 3d | single | Village population = 1000 Total disease person = 180+20 = 200 In this 180 true positive so 20(200-180) false negative by test. But we want only percentage prevalence of disease only. Prevalence = (200/1000) x 100 = 20% Prevalence of disease is 20% in village % prevalence of disease by using diagnostic test used = (180/... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
11e545d9-739c-48c1-879d-85fdb1a0f836 | Which immunoglobulin is found scarce in human serum? | IgG | IgM | IgE | IgA | 2c | single | There are five classes of immunoglobulin (Ig): IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE.
In normal serum, about 80% is IgG, 15% is IgA, 5% is IgM, 0.2% is IgD and a trace is IgE.
IgE is mainly produced in the linings of respiratory and intestinal tracts. Serum contains only traces (a few nanograms per ml).
It is mostly distributed ... | Microbiology | null |
7e4ca7b7-ba8e-455c-8e9c-08ae31a86bbd | Most common cause of death after anaesthesia | Hypothermia | Hypotension | Cardiac arrest | Atelectasis | 2c | single | (C) (Cardiac arrest) (131- Ajay Yadav 5th)More than 80% of cardiac arrest occurs at the time of inductionHypotension -may occurs in intraoperative and post ooperatve period due to effect of anaesthatic drugs, inadequate fluid infusion, excessive loss, cardiac arrhythmiasHypothermia - is the most common thermal pertubat... | Surgery | Miscellaneous |
5f506534-e946-4f5c-a61e-e454420fb6e0 | True about Borrelia recurrentis are all except: March 2007 | Causes epidemic relapsing fever | It is transmitted by ixodes tick | No other known animal reservoir of B. recurrentis exists | It infects the person mucous membranes | 1b | multi | Ans. B: It is transmitted by ixodes tick Diseases caused by Borrelia are: 1. Lyme Borreliosis The major Borrelia species causing Lyme disease are Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii and Borrelia valaisiana. Lyme disease/ borreliosis is transmitted by ticks. 2. Relapsing fever Borrelia recurrentis c... | Microbiology | null |
3c33405f-f621-499a-96da-f6301e522aac | Index of potency of general anaesthesia - | Minimum alveolar concentration | Diffusion coefficient | Dead space concentration | Alveolar blood concentration | 0a | single | Minimum alveolar concentration is defined as the alveolar concentration of an inhaled anesthetic agent that prevents movement in 50% of patients in response to a standardized surgical stimulus. The MAC of a volatile substance is inversely propoional to its lipid solubility (oil: gas coefficient), in most cases. This is... | Anaesthesia | General anaesthesia |
ec8b1d4b-64bf-4e3c-8458-24bfdcecd3f4 | Tolvaptan is approved for use in- | High Na | High K | High Ca | Low Na | 3d | single | Tolvaptan is a vasopressor receptor antagonist used to correct hyponatremia in the treatment of syndrome of inappropriate water excretion or SIADH :-
Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH is caused due to excesive secretion of antiduretic hormone.
Antidiuertic hormone (ADH) or arginine vasopressin is synthesized b... | Medicine | null |
c48b4020-0fb5-4d52-a910-d3bd22026173 | The most common organism amongst the following that causes acute meningitis in an AIDS patients is - | Streptococcus pneumoniae | Streptococcus agalactiae | Cryptococcus neoformans | Listeria monocytogenes | 2c | single | the typical CNS oppounistic infections are toxoplasmosis and cryptococcosis REF:ANANTHANARAYANAN TEXT BOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9EDITION PGNO.576 | Microbiology | Virology |
18ca6871-57f9-4ebf-ae8a-3a2397c5e41d | Manifestation of uretero vaginal fistula is : | Overflow incontinence | Hydronephrosis | Continuous incontinence | Stress incontinence | 2c | single | Continuous incontinence | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
187ce8c0-a157-4b23-8642-4d26b59a316d | Acid Labile penicillin is- | Cloxacillin | Flucloxacillin | Methicillin | Phenoxy Methyl penicillin | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Methicillin o Gastric acid destroyes the penicillins and decreases their bioavailibility. o All penicillins are acid labile accept phenoxymethyl penicillin (penicillin V), Cloxacillin, Flucloxacillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin, ampicillin. Note - Cloxacillin, flucloxacillin, oxacillin, and dicloxacilli... | Pharmacology | null |
08958bd9-ccd0-473d-b34c-cc6f2ead9b83 | This manouver helps to | Decrease risk of aspiration | Improve laryngoscopic view | Open the airway | Stabilize ET tube position | 1b | single | This is BURP manouver . here thyroid cartilage is pushed back up with right pressure to improve laryngoscopic view. | Anaesthesia | null |
4b363206-77aa-41ea-8445-a5057853b1f3 | Investigation of choice for valvular heart disease- | 2 D- Echocardiography | Precordial Doppler | MR] | Nuclear Cardiac imaging | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 2 D- Echocardiography o Investigation of choice for valvular heart disease - 2D-echocardiography.o 2 D-echo is the investigation of choice for pericardial effusion.Investigationso Investiation of choice to identify individual cardiac chamber enlargement - 2D echocardiography.o Investigation of choice ... | Radiology | Cardiac and Pericardiac Imaging |
3e7df0d0-09bd-4fd2-8729-391b7df49d04 | The most impoant clinical finding in a case of head injury is - | Pupillary dilatation | Level of consciousness | Focal neurological deficit | Fracture skull | 1b | single | Ans. is `b' i.e., Level of consciousness | Surgery | null |
48511016-0553-4c52-aabf-2c94192f8032 | Positive Kehrs sign is - | Haemopeionium | Acute cholecystitis | Acute pancreatitis | Amoebic abscess | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Haemoperitoneum | Surgery | null |
a586633d-67fb-44c1-bae4-32dc6f740db4 | Sparrow foot marks are associated with which type of injury | Motor cyclist's fracture | Under-running or tail gating | Steering wheel impact | Wind screen impact | 3d | single | Sparrow foot marks
Multiple punctate lacerations of face of the occupants of vehicle.
Due to impact of shattered windscreen.
The side of the injuries helps in determining whether the victim was driver or front passenger. | Forensic Medicine | null |
a3b2da3c-d280-473c-9406-57c731c6ed22 | Short acting mydriatic used in fundoscopy is | Atropine | Homatropine | Cyclopentolate | Tropicamide | 3d | single | (Tropicamide) (98 - KDT) (111-KDT6th)Tropicamide - It has the quickest (20 - 40 min) and briefest (2-6 hours) action, but it is a relatively unreliable cyclopegic* However it is satisfactory for refraction testing in adults and as short acting mydriatic for fundoscopy | Pharmacology | A.N.S. |
eaa24bdc-cbf1-4238-b77a-ef4b63fe8cc7 | Treatment of choice in intracran al ALL is: | A. Intrathecal methotrexate | Vincristine and prednisolone | Intrathecal vincristine | Prednisolone | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Intrathecal methotrexate) Intrathecal ,methotrexate is the chemotherapy of choice for intracranial manifestation of Acute Leukemia Treatment of choice for intracranial ALL Combination of intrathecal methotrexate and cranial irradiation. Agents used for Intrathecal chemotherapy Methotrexate Cytarabine Thiot... | Medicine | null |
627827e3-e25a-4f8b-8bba-037fa416e8ec | Which of the following has an intracapsular origin? | Plantaris | Soleus | Gastronemius | Popliteus | 3d | single | Popliteus - origin - Lateral surface of condyle of femur; origin is intracapsular. Outer margin of lateral meniscus of the knee joint. Ref : B D Chaurasia 's Human Anatomy , seventh edition , volume 2 , pg. no., 118 ( fig. no., 2.15 ) | Anatomy | Lower limb |
b1d8b144-0262-40c8-a11e-48a76672e93e | An ideal root-canal filling material should satisfy all of the following except which one? | The material should be well tolerated by periradicular tissues | The material should be easily placed | The material should be absorbable | The material should be visible radiographically | 2c | multi | Grossman's Requirements for an Ideal Root Canal Filling Material
The material should be easily introduced into the root canal.
It should seal the canal laterally as well as apically.
It should not shrink after being inserted.
It should set slowly.
It should be impervious to moisture.
It should be bactericidal or, at ... | Dental | null |
04addb87-66a6-4e8b-a3e2-865a978b1e70 | Which of the following statements regarding transfer of drugs across placenta is FALSE ? | Transfer across placenta is lesser in early pregnancy | All drugs to some extent can cross the placenta except heparin and insulin | Ion trapping of acidic drugs occur in the placenta | P–glycoprotein is present in placenta | 2c | multi | Heparin and insulin are anticoagulant and antidiabetic drugs of choice, respectively in pregnancy becasue these have minimum entry across placenta
Fetal plasma is slightly more acidic than that of mother (pH 7.0 as compared to 7.4 of mother), so ion trapping of basic drugs occur.
Placenta contain P-glycoprotein that ca... | Pharmacology | null |
52aebe13-3432-46ac-be9f-423072f541cc | True about MEN-Ia) ↑ VMA in urineb) ↑ Calcitoninc) Hypergastrinemiad) Hyperprolactinaemiae) ↓ Ca2+ | abc | ad | bc | acd | 3d | multi | ↑ VMA is seen in → pheochromocytoma
Hypergastrinemia seen in → Pancreatic islet cell hyperplasia or adenoma (Gastrinoma)
Hyperprolactinemia is seen d/t → Pituitary adenoma (Prolactinoma) | Surgery | null |
fdd0a3f4-0da5-40cc-a358-3184211479aa | All are true about pre eclampsia except: | Cerebral hemorrhage | Pulmonary edema | ARF | DVT | 3d | multi | Severe complications of Preeclampsia:
Pulmonary edema
It is a common complication of severe preeclampsia and eclampsia affecting ~3% of patients.
Most cases are a result of aggressive use of crystalloid solutions, for intravascular volume expansion
It usually occurs in the post partum period and is characterized by ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
9597c6e7-e8d8-485f-b625-ba70e1ecbfcd | Potassium secretion is decreased by action on late distal tubule by? | Spironolactone | Thiazide | Furosemide | Acetazolamide | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Spironolactone Potassium sparing diuretics* These drugs act in late DCT and CD. Examples:1) Aldosterone antagonists* Examples in this group are spironolactone, canrenone, prorenone, mexrenone and eplerenone.* Aldosterone acts on the late DT and CD cells by combining with an intracellular mineralocorti... | Pharmacology | Diuretic |
8d71d440-d1c5-4da8-b539-963e19b9f170 | About otic ganglion true statement (s) is/are | Lesser petrosal nerve forms parasympathetic root | Secomotor to parotid gland | Topographically connected to maxillary division of trigeminal nerve | Nerve to medial pterygoid connected to the ganglion | 0a | multi | The sensory root is by the auriculotemporal nerve Sympathetic root is by the sympathetic plexus around the middle meningeal aery Secretomotor root is by the lesser petrosal nerve from the tympanic plexus formed by tympanic branch of cranial nerve IX.Fibres of lesser petrosal nerve relay in the otic ganglion.Postganglio... | Anatomy | Head and neck |
84a75dd0-0a64-4156-b555-b3fbf7df44f4 | A 2-year-old child, fed on milk diet, presents with persistent diarrhea, acidic stools (pH of stools less than 5.5) on two separate occassions and presence of 1% of reducing substances in the fresh stools. What is the most probable diagnosis: September 2012 | Cystic fibrosis | Lactose intolerance | Rotavirus induced diarrhoea | Intestinal tuberculosis | 1b | single | Ans. B i.e. Lactose intolerance | Pediatrics | null |
20cf6534-563e-44b4-ac13-9ea12b0379fe | All are features of hemolytic uremic syndrome, EXCEPT: | Thrombocytopenia | Anemia | Renal dysfunction | Neuro-psychiatric disturbances | 3d | multi | Neuro-psychiatric disturbances are not a feature of hemolytic uremic syndrome, but may be seen in TTP. HUS: Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) is a common cause of community acquired acute kidney injury in young children characterised by a triad of Microangiopathic Hemolytic anemia Thrombocytopenia Renal dysfunction In HU... | Pediatrics | Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease |
8179150b-25c9-4a40-9dd7-1a069a4e2ecf | Elements of primary health care include all of the following except – | Adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation | Providing essential drugs | Sound referral system | Health Education | 2c | multi | Elements of Primary health care -
Education concerning prevailing health problems and the methods of preventing and controlling them
Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition
An adequate supply of safe water and basic sanitation
Maternal and child healths care including family planning.
Immunization against major ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
54976a78-ce71-465d-8e85-86a21e63ebd6 | Open reduction internal fixation is definitely required in a child with | Fracture femur shaft | Fracture tibia shift | Lateral condylar fracture of humerus | Fracture of both bones of forearm | 2c | multi | Refer Maheshwari 5th/e p 103 An absolute indication for open reductiin6 internal fixation of a fracture is an intra aicular extension, to restore the joint cingruity and reduce the chances of post traumatic ahritis, Out of the options given fracture of lateral condyles of humerus is an intra aicular fracture and thus w... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
0fd1da8e-d0cd-4509-85ea-5bb1be32d779 | During active labour cervical dilatation per hour, in primi is : | 1.2 cms | 1.5 cms d. | 1.7 cms | cms | 0a | single | Ans. is a i.e. 1.2 cms Labour is said to active when : Cervix is dilated to at least 3 -- 4 cms.deg Regular uterine contractions are present.deg Rate of dilatation is at least 1.2 cm/hrdeg for nulliparous and 1.5 cm/hrdeg for parous women. The pattern of cervical dilatation during the latent and active phase of normal ... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6f5572d0-f3da-407c-8bb2-94dae37236b0 | Least chances of cord prolapse are seen with | Frank breech | Complete breech | Footling | Knee | 0a | single | Maximum chances of cord prolapse seen in breech are in footling where as min chances in frank frank breech | Anatomy | Abnormal labor |
cb364c09-5708-4280-8491-fcd785e4f67b | A 65 -year-old man with metastatic lung cancer sees his physician because of progressive dysahria. On examination, his tongue detes to left when he protrudes it. Which of the following structures is most likely to be damaged, assuming this is a lower motor neuron lesion? | Left Hypoglossal nerve | Right Hypoglossal nerve | Left Facial nerve | Right Facial nerve | 0a | single | Whenever there is LMN lesion of 12th nerve, tongue detes always on the same side i.e ipsilateral manifestation Medial Medullary syndrome there is ipsilateral detion of tongue d/t same side lesion of Hypoglossal nerve | Medicine | CNS |
6f6d9dec-4a29-4bc2-864a-bdc8d604e8cd | Which of the following surgical incisions is associated with the highest risk of postoperative pulmonary complications ? | Vertical laparotomy | Horizontal laparotomy | Lateral thoracotomy | Median sternotomy | 0a | single | Incidence of pulmonary complications (in decreasing order) :- Upper abdominal incision (maximum) > Lateral thoracotomy = Subcostal incision > Median sternotomies > Lower abdominal incision.
Vertical incision has more pulmonary complications than horizontal incision.
So, high abdominal laprotomy with vertical incision w... | Anaesthesia | null |
afabcdac-2872-45b6-8dd1-ed3703503d11 | Embryonic structure, identified earliest on USG, for confirmation of pregnancy is: March 2011, March 2013 | Fetal pole | Fetal Hea activity | Gestation sac | Fetal skeleton | 2c | single | Ans. C: Gestation sac Gestation sac and embryonic yolk sac is identified at menstrual age of 5 weeks Fetal pole and cardiac activity is identified on USG at menstrual age of 6 weeks Lower limb buds, upper limb buds and spine at 7, 8 and 9 weeks respectively Remember: Total duration of pregnancy: 280 days Earliest detec... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
44320083-aada-479c-afa0-27655d4f2dc3 | Normal inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) is - | 500ml | 1200ml | 3000 ml | 4900 ml | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., 3000 ml o Normal IRV is 3000ml.Respiratory Volumes and Capacities for an Average Young Adult MaleMeasurementTypical valueDefinition Respiratory volumes1. Tidal volume (TV)500 mlAmount of air inhaled or exhaled in one breath during relaxed, quiet breathing2. Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)3000 mlAmoun... | Physiology | Functional Anatomy - Respiratory System |
90a067d5-c072-490f-9cca-4c3e4e289090 | Negative Rinne's test for 256 Hz tuning fork indicates a minimum air-bone gap of | 10dB | 15dB | 20dB | 25dB | 1b | single | Rinne's test: Is named after Adolf Rinne of Gottingen, who described this test in 1855 It compares the patient ability to hear a tone conducted air and bone - the mastoid process. The base of a vibrating tuning fork is first placed on the mastoid process and then after the sound is no longer appreciated the vibrating t... | ENT | null |
9acb7b28-c290-4077-bb48-5c8ae25a0bb1 | Which is not a deep heat therapy- | Short wave diathermy | Ultrasound therapy | Infrared therapy | Microwave therapy | 2c | single | Heat therapy
Heat therapy is a form of physiotherapy used in many painful conditions eg. arthritis, sprains, muscle spasms etc.
It is of 2 types depending on the penetration of heat
Superficial heat therapy
Deep heat therapy
A) Superficial heat therapy
Only the skin and subcutaneous tissues are heated
Superficia... | Orthopaedics | null |
cc672a28-f116-4fa5-ad2d-a0da3f319829 | The preferred material for repair of fractured denture base is: | Chemically cured resin | Heat cured resin | Light cured resin | Vinyl resin | 0a | multi | REPAIR OF ACRYLIC RESIN DENTURES
An acrylic denture fractured in service can be repaired. Repair resins maybe:
Heat cure (OR)
Self cure
Heat cured resin
These resins are cured at 74oC for 8 hours or more. The use of a heat-cured resin will tend to warp the denture during processing.
Self-cured resin
Although the repa... | Dental | null |
c75a431e-b141-48a2-8433-0a99eb9e61fa | The investigation of choice for extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma | CT | MRI | X-ray | MIBG scan | 0a | single | MIBG scan is useful for extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma but IOC is MRI even for extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma | Physiology | All India exam |
025cd337-062a-46f1-98f7-73de0e6c9995 | A 66-year-old woman collapses while shopping and expires suddenly of cardiac arrest. Her past medical history is significant for long-standing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Her relatives note that she had complained of chest heaviness and shortness of breath for the past 2 weeks. Sterile fibrinous pericarditis and pericard... | Endocardial fibroelastosis | Marantic endocarditis | Mitral valve prolapse | Myocardial infarct | 3d | single | Fibrinous pericarditis may develop 2 to 10 weeks after a transmural myocardial infarction. Patients with long-standing diabetes mellitus are particularly susceptible to coronary atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction. One fourth to one half of all nonfatal myocardial infarctions are asymptomatic. In such patients, s... | Pathology | C.V.S |
4580d738-eb68-4c78-a23f-3310daa775ea | Foamy liver is seen as - | Adipocere | Putrefaction | Mummification | Drowning | 1b | single | In putrefaction liver becomes soft and later studded with blisters due to production of gas by Cl.welchii. Initially the gas appears as yellowish grey dendritic figures in parenchyma. Later bubbles develop and gives liver a honeycomb or foamy appearance. Later liver turns coal black. Dr. Narayana Reddys Synopsis of For... | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
569ad690-23ba-4c92-9278-2c1bd2fefc2d | Best site to demonstrate capillary filling in infants – | Nail bed | Sternum | Ear lobule | Great toe | 1b | single | The state of microcirculation can be assessed by capillary filling time (CFT)
Firm pressure is applied over sternum or forehead by a ball of the thumb for 5 seconds. This leads to blanching.
On removal of pressure color returns. The time taken for complete return of color is designated as capillary filling time, the no... | Pediatrics | null |
e56e7d66-fbb5-431c-a842-f6212d057267 | Which of the following ILD is not associated with smoking? | Cryptogenic Organising pneumonia | Desquamative interstitial pneumonia | Respiratory bronchiolitis | Pulmonary Langerhans cell Histiocytosis | 0a | single | Cryptogenic Organising pneumonia has unknown etiology and has a predilection for lower lobe of the lung. There are three ILD which are associated with cigarette smoking. 1. DIP (Desquamative interstitial pneumonia) shows the response to smoking cessation and histologically characterized by the accumulation of macrophag... | Medicine | Interstitial Lung Disease |
07e6b5b8-5a42-402a-a0d4-22d9ae4f9259 | FAST USG focuses on all of the following areas except | Splenic | Hepatic | Pleura | Pelvic | 2c | multi | Answer- C. PleuraFAST focus only on four areas : -Subxiphoid area (pericardium)Right upper quadrant (liver)Left upper quadrant (spleen)Pelvis | Surgery | null |
822c972a-37f2-4e93-8df1-c154ff2a9097 | A 28-year-old man presents to the clinic for evaluation of painful urination and cloudy-color penile discharge. The symptoms started 2 days ago and are not associated with any other symptoms. His past medical history is not significant and he is not on any medications.His physical examination is completely normal excep... | intramuscular ceftriaxone plus oral doxycycline | oral penicillin G | intramuscular penicillin V | intramuscular ampicillin and oral penicillin V | 0a | multi | This patient has gonorrhea, and since 1986, increasing penicillin resistance has meant that penicillin/ampicillin are no longer drugs of choice. Alternatives to ceftriaxone include ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, or cefixime given orally, with 7 days of doxycycline, or a single 1 g dose of azithromycin in case of coinfection... | Medicine | Infection |
96952c56-c9f6-43f2-a638-122711492aa0 | Which is not an aryl phosphate - | Parathion | TIK-20 | Malathion | Paraoxon | 2c | single | Organophosphate poisoning is the most common poisoning in India followed by aluminium phosphide. Organophosphorus compounds are classified as 1. Alkyl compounds -- such as tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP), hexa ethyl tetraphosphate (HETP), octa methyl pyrophosphate (OMPA), malathion etc. 2. Aryl compounds -- such as par... | Forensic Medicine | Poisoning |
6485c86d-5b66-4c4b-9229-63e5cd6d0261 | In a young female of reproductive age an absolute contraindication for prescribing OCP&;s is | Diabetes | Hypeension | Obesity | Impaired liver function | 3d | single | OCP act by - causing atropic changes of endometrium preventing nidation - Thickening cervical mucus - Increasing the tubal motility. The hormones of the OCP are metabolized in the liver. Hence, chronic liver diseases and liver failure are absolute CI of OCP. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Contraception |
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