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e4efef18-8cf1-4100-84c7-69358b660026 | What is oligospermia? | Sperm count < 20 million/ c.mm | Absence of sperms | Absence of semen | Decreased spermatogenesis | 0a | single | Ans: a (Sperm count <20 million/c.mm) Ref: Bailey, 24th ed,p. 1416; Shaw, 13th ed,p. 202Oligospermia (Oligozoospermia)- Mild - 10 - 20 million/ c.mm- Moderate -5-10 million/ c.mm- Severe - <5 million/ c.mmAspermia -no semen.(anejaculation)Azoospermia -no sperm in semenAsthenospermia -no motile sperm or diminished motil... | Surgery | Testis & Scrotum |
e62886e0-0814-434e-8a86-2e11bc4f52a8 | Anatomical dead space is | 1/3rd of tidal volume | 2/5th of tidal volume | 10 ml/kg of body weight | 15 ml/kg of body weight | 0a | single | Dead space is the volume of air that is inhaled that does not take pa in the gas exchange, because it either remains in the conducting airways or reaches alveoli that are not perfused or poorly perfused. In other words, not all the air in each breath is available for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide Ref: guyto... | Physiology | Respiratory system |
db67fcb2-cf67-49c8-89b2-74a359de7732 | Hind milk is richer in – | Carbohydrate | Protein | Fat | Minerals | 2c | single | The composition of breastmilk varies at different stages after birth to suit the needs of the baby.
According to the postnatal period the breast milk is divided into -
1. Clostrum
Is the milk secreted during the first three days after delivery.
It is yellow and thick.
It contains more antibodies and cells and high am... | Pediatrics | null |
b4f70709-a7d5-415d-b952-c7239f501d64 | A primigravida came with 6 cm cervical dilatation with contraction rate of 3/10 min. Which stage of labour is she in: | First stage | Second stage | Third stage | Fouh stage | 0a | single | Stages of labour First stage From onset of true labour pains to full dilatation Second stage Full dilatation to delivery of the baby Third stage Delivery of baby to placental delivery Fouh stage Observation for 1 hr after delivery of placenta - In the question above cervical dilatation is 6 cm = therefore ; it is 1st s... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Labour - III |
4e770d24-c09d-4c8e-b183-ba54af84844a | Which number blade is useful for Crevicular incision : | 10 | 11 | 12 | 15 | 2c | single | Crevicular incision is also known as Second incision for which 12 number blade is used. | Dental | null |
3bec9792-8ad2-4368-a65e-e86fff905631 | Pain during injection occurs with all Except | Propofol | Thiopentone | Ketamine | Etomidate | 2c | multi | Ketamine is the only intravenous inducing agent that does not cause pain on injectionAgentPain on iv injectionThiopentoneMethohexitonePropofolEtomidateKetamine+/0++++++0 | Anaesthesia | All India exam |
8bcef866-67f3-4b2c-9777-c35157a7e48a | Most common psychiatry disorder is | Dementia | Schizophrenia | Depression | Paronia | 2c | single | C i.e. Depression | Psychiatry | null |
2ce6fc9d-2c16-48df-b436-b9c350d07b7c | Which of the following not pierced during pleural taping? | Parietal pleura | Visceral pleura | Internal intercostal muscle | External intercostal muscle | 1b | single | Ans. b. Visceral pleuraTHORACENTESIS (PLEURACENTESIS OR PLEURALTAP)It is surgical procedure to collect pleural effusion for analysis. A needle or tube is inserted through thoracic wall into the pleural cavity posterior to the midaxillary line one or two intercostal spaces below.The ideal site is seventh, eight, or nint... | Anatomy | Embryology |
0952010f-8ad3-4970-958b-2ddc3d733514 | Immune hydrops is associated with: | Thalassemia | Rh incompatibility | Hereditary spherocvtosis | Sickle cell anemia | 1b | single | Hydrops fetalis is a condition when there is accumulation of fluid in at least two fetal compaments: ascites, pericardial effusion, pleural effusion or anasarca. Immune hydrops (erythroblastosis fetalis) is where hydrops occurs secondary to mother's immunity causing fetal RBC hemolysis and is almost always due to Rh in... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | RH Incompatibility |
ebbebcea-40e5-4371-aea2-063bf5cff0c7 | A post partial gastrectomy patient presents with neurological symptoms. Most probable diagnosis is: | Folic acid deficiency | Thiame deficiency | Vitamin B12 de fid ency | Iron deficiency | 2c | single | Ref: Bailey unci Love's Short Practice of Surgery 25th EditionExplanation:Postoperative complications of gastrectomyLeakage of the oesophagojejunostomy.Leakage from the duodenal stumpParaduodenal collectionsBiliary peritonitisThe presence of septic collections along with a very radical vascular dissection may lead to c... | Surgery | Postgastrectomy Complications |
741a0f2f-c98e-4942-bb3f-d1fe0f73dc29 | What is the approximate Total fetal cardiac output? | 300 ml/kg/min | 450 ml/kg/min | 600 ml/kg/min | 150 ml/kg/min | 1b | single | b. 450ml/kg/min(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2161)Total fetal cardiac output, i.e. combined output of both left and right ventricles--is 450mL/kg/min.65% of descending aortic blood flow returns to the placenta and remaining 35% perfuses the fetal organs and tissues. | Pediatrics | C.V.S. |
54b7e7d3-8932-4737-a821-3625a771d272 | Preoperative medication of thyrotoxicosis are all except? | PTU | Carbimazole | Propranolol | None of the above | 3d | multi | Prevention of thyroid storm should be started add. | Surgery | null |
26fdcf33-afeb-4699-a81f-5ecd35dd3576 | A 45-year-old tall, thin, male has acute onset of chest pain radiating into the back. In the emergency room his right radial pulse is bounding but his femoral pluses are absent. The most likely diagnosis is? SELECT ONE. | Aortic insufficiency | Aortic dissection | Ventricular fibrillation | Mitral insufficiency | 1b | multi | Aortic dissection. This describes a patient with Marfan syndrome, who are typically at risk for aortic dissection. With dissection you may preserve right radial pulse but lose femoral pulses. | Surgery | Heart & Pericardium |
ac77446d-6432-4aba-af22-351f365060aa | A 10 years old boy is so restless all the time. In the school, the rest of the class is unable to concentrate because of him. He is hardly ever in his seat be it at home or school. He has difficulty in playing quietly. He does not listen to his mother at all.T he most likely diagnosis is? | Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder | Conduct disorder | Depressive disorder | Schizophrenia | 0a | multi | • This child has: (i) Restlessness, (ii) Interrupting others (the class is unable to concentrate), (iii) Difficulty in playing quietly, (iv) Often leaves the seat and roams around.
• All are features of ADHD.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
• ADHD is one of the most common psychiatric problems in the school-ag... | Psychiatry | null |
703b4b31-a028-4a33-a0fc-c044009f45f1 | True regarding Mc Naughten rule is/are | Concerned with brain dysfunction and criminal responsibility | Not accepted in India | A psychiatric not a legal concept | Judges delusions as real | 3d | multi | D i.e. Judges delusions as real | Forensic Medicine | null |
a9aa5355-e6a4-4220-aa35-7262e5f439d4 | Cryoprecipitate contain all except | Fibrinogen | Factor 8 | Von willebrand factor | Antithrombin | 3d | multi | Refer Harsh mohan6th edition 340 | Anatomy | General anatomy |
2143fbf5-50fd-4bc5-adb5-ada3e435caef | All of the following organs may be involved in Leprosy except - | Uterus | Ovary | Testes | Eye | 0a | multi | leprosy mainly affects peripheral nerves.it also affects skin,muscles,eyes,bones,testis and internal organs park edition 23 page 314 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
af197e5b-9d96-43dc-884d-820450b53b72 | Which of the following is not pa of epithalamus? | Trigonum Habenulae | Geniculate bodies | Pineal body | Posterior commissure | 1b | single | EPITHALAMUS:It occupies the caudal pa of the roof of the diencephalon and consists of 1.The right and left habenular nuclei,each situated beneath the floor of the corresponding habenular trigone. 2.The pineal body or epiphysis cerebri 3.The habenular commissure 4.The posterior commissure REF.B D Chaurasia's human anato... | Anatomy | Brain |
30fbca4a-07bd-416e-863b-e13feec2d04f | Boutonneuse fever is caused by - | Rickettsia japonica | Rickettsia conorii | Rickettsiasibirica | Rickettsiaaustralis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Rickettsia conorii Tick borne fevers caused by RickettsieOrganismFever causedR. conoriiMediterranean spotted fever (boutonneuse fever)Kenya tick typhusIndian tick typhusSouth African tick typhusIsraeli spotted feverAstrakhan spotted feverR. rickettsiiRocky mountain spotted feverR. AfircaeAfrican tick-... | Microbiology | Bacteria |
5c6f64c3-1b86-49bd-8b4e-2c80fe4e0c62 | Which of the following immunohistochemical markers would be expected to be positive in biopsies of Ewings Sarcoma? | CD3 | CD21 | Myogenin | S-100 | 3d | single | S-100 protein and neuron-specific enolase, both of which are markers for tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation, are usually positive in Ewing sarcoma. The tumor also usually contains glycogen, which can be helpful in the distinction with other "small blue cell tumors" (including lymphomas, neuroblastoma, and Wilms... | Surgery | null |
827d6296-eafe-411d-acbc-ec3fb4edc65f | The most reliable criteria in G uastaf son method of age estimation is: | Attrition | Secondary dentin deposition | Transparency of root | Cementum apposition | 2c | single | C i.e. Transparency of root | Forensic Medicine | null |
fb2f60a9-4d44-4eeb-8b21-f4e7ac146e91 | Virchow's triad includes all except | Vessel wall endothelial injury | Thrombus formation | Local blood stasis | Intimal tear | 3d | multi | Ans. d (Intimal tear). (Ref. Robbin, Pathologic Basis of Disease, 6th ed., 124)Three primary influences predispose to thrombus formation, the so-called Virchow's triad;# Endothelial injury (single most vital factor)# Stasis or turbulence of blood flow# Blood hypercoagulability | Pathology | Blood |
feb8573f-f524-4eec-98d1-4bac1abe25dd | The following test is useful for diagnosis of | Unsafe CSOM | Meniere's disease | Gradenigo syndrome | Cholesteatoma | 1b | single | Ans. (b) Meniere's disease.* The image shows performance of the caloric stimulation test.* Irrigation of the external meatus with water 7deg above and later 7deg below body temperature sets up convection currents of the endolymph in the semi-circular canals.* This causes nystagmus, and the duration of the nystagmus giv... | ENT | Diagnostic & Operative ENT |
4fdeafa3-4d6a-407a-8801-9f96ce91435a | A girl for chronic ear discharge, pain on ocular movements and veigo underwent mastoidectomy. There was no relief post-operatively and continuous purulent ear discharge was seen. Patient also had sensorineural hearing loss. The most probable diagnosis would he: | Suppurative labyrinthitis | Apical petrositis | Serous labyrinthitis | Lateral sinus thrombophlebitis | 1b | single | Ans. b. Apical petrositis | ENT | null |
f4914312-7501-4119-98ac-c21c427d4621 | Sheathed microfilaria is/are -a) W. bancroftib) Loa-loac) M. perstansd) B. malayi | acd | abd | abc | ab | 3d | single | Sheathed microfilaria is covered by hyaline sheath, in which larva moves backwards and forwards within the sheath, e.g. Wuchereria, Brugia and Loa loa | Microbiology | null |
604d659c-8bd4-41a1-98a1-28e539b87cb7 | Which of the following is a zoonotic disease ? | Hydatid cyst | Malaria | Filariasis | dengue fever | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hydatid cyst Impoant zoonoses I. Bacterial -4 Anthrax, Brucellosis, Ornithoses, Q-fever, Leptospirosis, TB, Plague, Tularemia, Salmonellosis. 2. Viral --> Cowpox, Monkeypox, Easternequine, encephalitis, Ross river fever, Yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis, Lassa fever, Rabies. 3. Protozoal ---> Leish... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
1a713d89-50fc-4617-9790-eb1e31af1e20 | Demographic Gap attains its maximum limit in | Early stage I | Late stage II | Late stage III | Early stage IV | 1b | single | Demographic cycle Demographic cycle is closely related to : Socio-economic progress of a country There are 5 stages (Phases) of demographic cycle through which a nation passes Stages Phases CBR CDR Stage I High Stationary High high Stage II Early expanding High Stas declining Stage III Late expanding Stas declining Con... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning |
430f5693-2826-4318-b546-19082867551a | Gestational sac can be seen using ultrasonography at the earliest by: Gujarat 07 | 3rd week | 4th week | 5th week | 8th week | 2c | single | Ans. 5th week | Forensic Medicine | null |
97bbb543-5287-410f-8829-79833dd2f0c1 | A 12 year-old boy develops intermittent shoness of breath over the past 6 months. He is not on any medications and has no significant family history. The vitals are within normal limits and the lungs are clear to auscultation. Lung function tests reveal a FEV1/FVC ratio of 82%. Which of the following would be most help... | Absence of peripheral blood eosinophilia | Negative allergy skin tests | Negative methacholine challenge | Normal total serum IgE level | 2c | multi | In pts with asthma the airways are Hyper-responsive and administration of methacholine causes more spasm- METHACHOLINE CHALLENGE TEST. If patient has asthma, it will fuher cause deterioration. So this test is useful for diagnosis. | Pathology | Obstructive Lung Disease |
dfa7e88e-21a6-4791-a641-c29bef782352 | Feeling of unceainty and excessive sense of responsi!bility is seen in: | Obsessive compulsive disorder | Phobia | Personality disorder | Generalized anxiety disorder | 0a | single | Ans: A. Obsessive compulsive disorder(Ref Kaplan and Sadock 11/e p390; Nirai Ahuia 7/e p90)OCD - Symptoms:Pathological doubts (feeling of unceainty) & excessive sense or responsibility are both. | Psychiatry | null |
566353c6-e5e9-481a-b179-19b79e391add | The vanity of mesencephalic brain vesicle is | Lateral ventricle | Third ventricle | Fouh ventricle | Cerebral aqueduct | 3d | single | The cerebral aqueduct, (aqueductus mesencephali, mesencephalic duct, syln aqueduct, or aqueduct of Sylvius), is within the midbrain. It contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and connects the third ventricle to the fouh ventricle, located dorsal to the pons and ventral to the cerebellum Ref: guyton and hall textbook of me... | Physiology | Nervous system |
a9d08ed3-d7a4-41f5-85c5-4a5584babe09 | Reversible Dementia Is a feature of ? | Hyperparathyroidism | Hypothyroidism | Hyperthyroidism | Cushing's disease | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Hypothyroidism Causes of reversible dementiao Hypothyroidismo Normal pressure hydrocephaluso Depressiono Drugso Alcoholo Vitamin B12 deficiency | Medicine | Psychiatry |
13002cb8-942b-42bd-98b0-a85886c94c07 | Mechanism of action of sildenafil is | Inhibits PDE 2 | Inhibits PDE 4 | Inhibits PDE 5 | Inhibits PDE 3 | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Inhibits PDE 5 * Sildenafil (Viagra) acts to increase cGMP by inhibiting its breakdown by phosphodiesterase isoform 5 (PDE-5). | Pharmacology | Miscellaneous (Pharmacology) |
f3bfd1ab-04f6-4254-93ad-cd18b7fa5897 | Sex worker with discharging ulcer, gram-negative diplococci & growth on modified
Thayer Martin media. Diagnosis | N. gonococci | Syphilis | LGV | Chancroid | 0a | single | Information in this question are -
i. Gram negative diplococci.
ii. Growth on modified Thayer-Martin media.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a gram negative diplococci and Thayer-Martin medium is the selective medium for gonococci. | Dental | null |
b24d16a5-ec0f-4ec4-87f2-8bc8cf845887 | In sickle cell trait, number of bands found in Hb – | 2 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 0a | single | In hemoglobin electrophoresis, various types of hemoglobin move at varying speed.
In sickle cell trait (heterozygous state), there are two types of hemoglobin - HbS (40%) and HbA (60%). So, on electrophoresis, two different bands are produced.
In Homozygous state, almost all hemoglobin is HbS. So, a single band is prod... | Pediatrics | null |
914a281f-788c-4be4-bedf-f9941114ef15 | A 51-year-old male is admitted to the hospital with severe dyspnea. Radiographic examination reveals a tension pneumothorax. Adequate local anesthesia of the chest wall prior to insertion of a chest tube is necessary for pain control. Of the following layers, which is the deepest that must be infiltrated with the local... | Endothoracic fascia | Intercostal muscles | Parietal pleura | Subcutaneous fat | 2c | multi | The parietal pleura is innervated by the intercostal nerves and is very sensitive to pain, in this case being somatic innervation. Therefore, the parietal pleura is the deepest layer that must be anesthetized to reduce pain during aspiration or chest tube placement. | Anatomy | Thorax |
1af2ea19-5174-4d46-9f7b-fb09a939af57 | For the following statements, select whether it is applicable to metoprolol and/or captopril.The effects on the heart result in a prominent negative inotropic effect | true of metoprolol but not captopril | true of captopril but not metoprolol | true of both captopril and metoprolol | true of neither captopril nor metoprolol | 0a | multi | Beta-blockers have a negative inotropic effect on the heart. Despite this they improve survival in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and heart failure. | Medicine | C.V.S. |
f99f85d2-2077-4413-9943-1b2b318d5255 | Percentage of glutaraldehvde used - | 1% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i,e., 2% Gluteraldehvdeo 2% Glutaradehyde (cidex) is an aldehyde disinfectant with a broad spectrum of action against bacteria, fungi, viruses, as well as spores (slow action)o It is most often used for equipment such as endoscopes that cannot be sterilized or disinfected by heat (cytoscopes/bronch oscopes)... | Microbiology | General |
040d2775-05eb-4087-b0a7-2cb6c7775fa2 | Problem village if water is in depth more than? | 5 mts | 10 mts | 15 mts | 20 mts | 2c | single | A “problem Village” has been defined as one where :
No source of safe water is available within a distance of 1.6 km OR
Water source has excess salinity, iron, fluorides &other toxic elements OR
Water is exposed to the risk of cholera
Water is available at a depth of more than 15 mts OR | Unknown | null |
51fb9555-6f48-4cd7-b9fa-8ee0d5082f14 | Microbial killing below MIC is known as: | Adverse effect | Post antibiotic effect | Both | None | 1b | multi | Ans. is. 'b' i. e., Post antibiotic effect | Microbiology | null |
d99c40cc-dedf-4767-a272-cbfc8f492fca | All age groups are included in numerator of dependency ratio except - | 0-5 years | 5-10 years | 20-60 years | > 65 years | 2c | multi | Numerator in dependency ratio includes:-
i) 0-14 years (option a & b)
ii) > 65 years (option d) | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9b0bec46-792b-4995-befa-e3c458c0af86 | Suture present between parietal & occipital bones is | Lambdoid suture | Saggital suture | Coronal suture | Metopian suture | 0a | single | The lambdoid suture lies between the occipital bone and the two parietal bones. Sutural bones are common along this suture. Lambdoid sutures are usually visible clearly. The lambdoid suture traverses the posteriormost pa of the skull. Ref: BD Chaurasia's HUMAN ANATOMY, Volume 3, 4th edition. | Anatomy | Head and neck |
d21289d3-b038-4baa-be17-be956e204c07 | A hypertensive patient with BP 160/90 mm of Hg presents with increased level of Lipoprotein a. Which Hypolipidemic drug will you prescribe? | Fenofibrate | Pitavastatin | Niacin | Ezetimibe | 2c | single | Ans: (c) NiacinRef: SN Narasingan, Newer Lipid Guidelines: Interpretation and Applications for Indians. ttp://www.apiindia.org/pdf/medicine_update_2017/mu_155.pdfNiacin is the only drug that lowers lipoprotein (a).So, niacin may be preferable for individuals with lipoprotein (a) elevations.It causes maximum HDL increas... | Pharmacology | Hypolipidemic |
cf353e27-2e2e-461d-8363-12879ca4c683 | Vascular invasion is a prominent feature of | Cryptococcus | Mucor | Candida | Rhinosporidium | 1b | single | Vascular invasion is a feature of Mucormycosis causing thrombosis, infarction. | Microbiology | null |
d27fcb75-fb47-4d0f-b223-7476f4665b34 | Which of the following best explains why Lignocaine has a higher fetal-to-maternal plasma ratio when compared with bupivacaine? | Bupivacaine has low molecular weight | Lignocaine has higher protein-binding | Bupivacaine has a lower dissociation constant (pKa) | Lignocaine is less protein bound | 3d | single | Lignocaine is less protein bound than bupivacaine. Unbound form of drug thus easily gets transferred across placenta. | Anaesthesia | null |
01c2e93f-70e6-417c-b779-c037ee975bff | Release of synaptic vesicle from presynaptic terminal is inhibited by | Inhibition of conduction of nerve impulse | Prevention of sodium influx | Prevention of calcium influx | Prevention of depolarization of nerve terminal | 2c | single | Answer- C (Prevention of calcium influx)-The release of the synaptic vesicles from the presynaptic terminal is inhibited by the prevention of Ca2+ influx. | Physiology | null |
04ace39b-cb34-4c16-9522-7fae2bd419db | 90% of Brain growth is achieved by the ___________ | 2nd year | 3rd year | 5th year | 15th year | 1b | single | Total brain volume at age 1 mo is approximately 36% of adult volume but by age 1 yr is approximately 72% (83% by 2 y).90% by 3 years of age. Ref.nelson 20th edition pg 65 | Pediatrics | Growth and development |
86171a11-5793-4d64-916a-7305e7291302 | Goblet cells are present in | Trachea | Jejunum | Epididymis | Ileum | 0a | single | The lumen of the trachea is lined with mucous membrane that consists of a lining epithelium and an underlying layer of connective tissue. The lining epithelium is pseudostratified ciliated columnar. It contains numerous goblet cells and basal cells that lie next to the basement membrane.Ref: Inderbir Singh&;s Textbook ... | Anatomy | General anatomy |
14969734-f97b-4674-b633-a643455f4654 | Which of the following debts is least likely to required dosage reaction in Renal dysfunction | Amikacin | Ciprofloxain | Clindamycin | Vancomycin | 2c | single | Ref-KDT 6/e p731,732 Clindamycin is excreted by biliary route and therefore can be used safely in renal dysfunction, Other drugs excreted in bile are: Ampicillin Nafcillin Chloramphenicol Novobiocin Rifampicin Doxycycline | Anatomy | Other topics and Adverse effects |
4a166dc8-7ca3-45cb-bf6d-cda4b6d27612 | A 47-year old male, Kishore exhibited signs and symptoms of acromegaly. Radiologic studies showed the presence of a large pituitary tumor. Surgical treatment of the tumor was only paially effective in controlling the disease. At this point, which of the following drugs is most likely to be used as pharmacological thera... | Desmopressin | Nafarelin | Octreotide | Somatropin | 2c | multi | Drugs useful in acromegaly are: * Bromocriptine and cabergoline * Octreotide (long acting somatostatin analogue) * Pegvisomant (growth hormone receptor antagonist) Nafarelin is a GnRH agonist. It has no role in acromegaly. | Pharmacology | Endocrine |
b594c14b-36d7-442c-b17b-a98f4df0be3e | All are mononuclear-macrophages except - | Histiocytes | Microglia | Kupfer cells | B-cells | 3d | multi | Macrophages take various forms (with various names) throughout the body (e.g., histiocytes, Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, microglia, and others), but all are pa of the mononuclear phagocyte system Reff: Ananthanarayan & Panikers textbook of microbiology 9th edition pg: 137 | Microbiology | Immunology |
a92f3126-b066-41b5-a6ba-adeafe94dad3 | Necrotizing pappillitis may be seen in all of the following conditions except : | Sickle cell disease | Tuberculous pyelonephritis | Diabetis Mellitus | Analgesic nephropathy | 1b | multi | Answer is B (Tuberculous Pyelonephritis) ruberculosis is the least impoant/common cause of necrotizing papillitis amongst the options provided. Causes of Renal Papillary Necrosis /Necrotizing Papillitis Analgesic Abuse Nephropathy (NSA1Ds) Diabetes Mellitus Sickle cell Disease Obstruction in association with infection ... | Medicine | null |
fb2d5f89-35dc-4add-ae6c-da6bc4e8bce9 | A six months old girl is having recurrent UTI. Ultrasound abdomen shows bilateral hydronephrosis. MCU (Micturating cysto urethrogram) shows bilateral Grade IV vesicoureteral reflux. The treatment of choice is - | Endoscopic injection ofpolyteflon at ureteric orifices | Ureteric re-implantation | Bilateral Ureterostomy | Prophylactic antibiotics | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Prophylactic antibiotics | Pediatrics | null |
41b183ca-366c-4d66-8fbb-734d6ecc57af | Rapid antigen test for meningitis organisms in a child can be done on the following specimens EXCEPT– | Blood | CSF | Urine | Throat swab | 3d | multi | All books have mentioned CSF as a specimen for the detection of antigen.
No book has mentioned urine or blood.
But, amongst the given options, best answer is throat swab because other three are body fluids in which antigens can be detected. | Pediatrics | null |
4125d594-0304-4a75-903f-d5a5dbaec5ec | All are features seen in Chronic Pancreatitis except ? | Chronic persistent pain | Diarrhoea, Steatorrhoea | Calcification | Paralytic ileus | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Paralytic ileus | Surgery | null |
12edcccf-2bf7-4c92-915d-10a1f8d36fda | Pitryiasis versicolor is caused by: | Candida | Rhinosdporodium | Malsezzia | Tinea | 2c | single | Malsezzia | Skin | null |
f83cf785-4402-41c3-8854-59081bfa9d2c | All are true about Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK) except: | Free diet to mother during hospital stay | Free delivery | Free transpo from home to hospital and back | Free treatment of children up to 18 years age | 3d | multi | Pregnant women components in janani shishu suraksha karyakram: Free deliveries in public health institutions. Free drug and consumables. Free diet. Free diagnostics. Free blood transfusion. Free transpo from home to institution. Child health components in Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram: - Initially meant for upto 30 ... | Social & Preventive Medicine | NPEP, NHM |
c1ff9dbf-0b57-409c-a0f0-af45b22d3877 | Juvenile is a girl who has NOT attained the age of: September 2003 | 12 years | 14 years | 16 years | 18 years | 3d | single | Ans. D i.e. 18 years | Forensic Medicine | null |
94334499-a6b2-4393-b3cc-f07406aa6bb9 | Most common cause of epidural abscess | Staphylococcus | Streptococcus | Gram negative bacilli | Microanerophilic anaerobic streptococci | 0a | single | Harrison's principles of internal medicine. * Staphylococci or gram negative organisms are the usual cause of an epidural abscess | Medicine | C.N.S |
95bd1d6c-a5c6-40e7-9b5b-66a7dc4a04e2 | A 30 year old male was dignosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma and was staed on Bleomycin . Which of the following is false regarding Bleomycin? | It can cause pulmonary fibrosis | It can cause flagellated pigmentation of skin | It is metabolized by hydrolase enzyme | It has high risk of causing bone marrow suppression | 3d | multi | Most Anticancer drugs cause bone marrow suppression. However, these drugs are marrow sparing: Vincristine Bleomycin Asparaginase Bleomycin is metabolized by bleomycin hydrolase. Later is deficient in skin and lungs. Therefore these organs are at high risk of toxicity (flagellated skin pigmentation and pulmonary fibrosi... | Pharmacology | Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs |
4e3d2eba-60ca-45ad-9718-7bf1305ff66b | During the course of evaluation of a case of polycythemia following investigation may be required to establish the cause EXCEPT - | Ervthropoietin level | Aerial blood gas analysis | Bone marrow examination | Serum iron profile | 3d | multi | <p>In secondary polycythemia,erythropoietin levels are raised. Bone marrow examination shows erythroid hyperplasia . Aerial blood gas analysis to look for oxygen saturation .</p><p>Reference :Harsh mohan textbook of pathologysixth edition pg no 359.</p> | Medicine | Haematology |
cfc6ba19-4de9-43a1-9b88-38fb85f56ac5 | Unique characteristic of attached gingiva in children: | Interdental clefts. | Retrocuspid papilla. | Both. | Stillman's cleft. | 2c | multi | The two unique characteristics of the attached gingiva in children are interdental clefts and the retrocuspid papilla.
The inter dental clefts are normal anatomic features found in the interradicular zones underlying the saddle areas.
The retrocuspid papilla is found approximately 1mm below the free gingiva on the atta... | Dental | null |
de026c8d-f887-48c0-95ab-c4c237c6b3b8 | Superfecundation is | Fertilisation of two ova discharged within same menstrual cycle, by two different acts of coitus | Fertilisation of two ova discharged from ovary at different periods of ovulation | Both of the above | None of the above | 0a | multi | Optios b is superfetation. | Forensic Medicine | null |
22dacf21-f365-4936-a3ce-dbd100e4afa3 | All the following are seen in myasthenia gravis except: | Ptosis | Muscle fatigability | Absent DTRs | Normal pupillary reflex | 2c | multi | Answer- C. Absent DTRsDeep tendon reflexes (DTRs) are present in patients of Myasthenia gravis."The limb weakness in myasthenia gravis (MG) is often proximal and may be asymmetric. Despite the muscle weakness, deep tendon reflexes are preserved. | Medicine | null |
eadda54f-0185-405d-b685-605a570a52df | Vibration sense is carried by which pathway? | Ventral spinothalamic | Lateral spinothalamic | Dorsal columns | Anterolateral pathway | 2c | single | (C) Dorsal columns > A pattern of rhythmic pressure stimuli is interpreted as vibration.> The impulses responsible for the vibrating sensation are carried in the dorsal columns.> Degeneration of this part of the spinal cord occurs in poorly controlled diabetes, pernicious anemia, some vitamin deficiencies and occasiona... | Physiology | Nervous System |
b9d181d9-b12c-4892-9254-9c5eb00ec6c1 | Concurrent list includes | Census collection | International health relations | Vital statistics | Immigration | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Vital statistics | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
4e33072f-0e29-4b8e-98df-6c383e5d14c4 | Cicatrising alopecia with perifollicular blue–gray patches is most commonly associated with – | Pitting of nails | Whitish lesions in the buccal mucosa | Arthritis | Discoid plaques in the face | 1b | single | Cicatricial alopecia with perifollicular blue-grey patches indicates in favour of lichen planus.
Whitish lesion in buccal mucosa (Lacey pathern) is characteristic of lichen planus | Dental | null |
0599e0f3-c3b1-4c46-b53c-b3812157b478 | Digitalis acts in atrial fibrillation by ? | Increasing AV node refractoriness | Decreasing atrial contractility | Inhibiting Na+ K+ ATPase pump | Inhibiting Na+ H+ ATPase pump | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Increase in A.V. node refractoriness Digitalis in arrhvthma o Digitalis is the drug of choice for controlling ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation (AF) with hea failure. o Digitalis reduces the ventricular rate in AF by decreasing the number of impulses that are able to pass down the A-V node and b... | Pharmacology | null |
b5ecfaf0-5391-490f-8042-69a9ceaa822a | Regarding parotid neoplasms, the false statement is | FNA has low sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing parotid neoplasms | Pain may be a pointer for malignancy | Superficial lobe tumors can present with trismus as early presentation | Enucleation leads to recurrence | 2c | multi | Ans. (c) Superficial lobe tumors can present with trismus as early presentationRef: Sabiston Textbook of surgery 20th Edition Page 807* Salivary gland tumors are usually slow growing and well circumscribed.* Patients with a mass and findings of rapid growth, pain, paresthesias, and facial nerve weakness are at increase... | Surgery | Salivary Gland |
06bfe426-a2ab-41ef-a2a1-cff9277708b7 | 33 years old alcoholic on ATT presents with increased serum iron & increased transferrin saturation. Diagnosis ? | Iron deficiency anemia | Sideroblastic anemia | Megaloblastic anemia | Anemia of chronic disease | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sideroblastic anemia This patient is taking anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) which includes INH. o INH can cause pyridoxine deficiency which can result in sideroblastic anemia. o In sideroblastic anemia, serum ferritin, serum iron and transferrin saturation are increased. | Pathology | null |
d4fc5cf1-7d90-44ee-b23a-d0710f9894bd | True of the given attitude: | Flexion at hip and knee | Not seen in extensive burns | Seen in rigor mois | Seen in antemoem burns only | 0a | multi | The above image shows PUGILISTIC ATTITUDE* Also known as (boxing, fencing or defense attitude/ heat stiffening) Mechanism: Due to coagulation of muscle protein. Attitude: - The legs are flexed at the hips and knees, - The arms are flexed at the elbows and held out in front of the body and - The fingers are hooked like ... | Forensic Medicine | Thermal injuries |
7864a1a6-96f5-4759-bedf-72a2ba0ab48d | CMV belongs to which family of DNA viruses ? | Poxviridae | Herpesviridae | Papovaviridae | Paravoviridae | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Herpesviridae | Microbiology | null |
f9070d2e-2bf1-41fb-a08d-a5873794b06f | Most common cause of pneumonia in children less than 2 years is ? | RSV | Streptococcus aureus | Staphylococcus aureus | Klebsiella | 0a | single | Respiratory syncytial virus is the most impoant cause of pneumonia in children less than 2 years of age.At other ages ,influenza, parainfluenza, adeno virus are common. Bacteria causing pneumonia are klebsiella, S.pneumonia, E.coli, H.influenza, staphylococci, Atypical organisms like Mycoplasma and Pneumocystis carinii... | Pediatrics | Respiratory system |
4a80bede-c226-4630-99ba-8279ffaeefb9 | True about Leiomyoma is all except | Fibroids are most common is obese females | Smoking is protective for leiomyomas | Most common in multi parous women | Fibroids are more common is African - american females. | 2c | multi | Fibroid is most common in Nulliparous females. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
f05185ed-6beb-4d51-8415-9c2bede9dd72 | Presence of >10% plasma cells with no lytic lesion and M protein in serum is seen in? | Smoldering myeloma | Multiple myeloma | Monoclonal Gammopathy of unknown significance | Non secretory Myeloma | 0a | single | Ans. (a) Smoldering myelomaRef: Harrison 19th ed./715Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple MyelomaMONOCLONAL Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance is defined by the presence of three criteria:* Serum monoclonal M protein (M-protein) concentration < 3g/dL* Bone marrow plasma cell concentration < 10%* No evidence of end org... | Pathology | Multiple Myeloma |
2bf10fc4-da44-41ec-b1ca-82a80c0bb613 | Tamoxifen predisposes to : | Endometrial cancer | Ovarian cancer | Cervical cancer | Vaginal cancer | 0a | single | In Breast Cancer although tamoxifen improves the survival period, it causes endometrial hyperplasia and cancer, and requires regular monitoring with ultrasound study of endometrium and endometrial biopsy. Reference: Shaw's Textbook of Gynaecology 16th edition page no 540 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Gynaecological oncology |
f0c581bd-03e1-4fb6-b99f-dc21e4eb344b | One of the following in high doses can cause convulsions ? | Penicillin | Aminoglycosides | Erythromycin | All | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Penicillin Drugs causing seizures o Lactam antibiotics o Local anaesthetics o Quinolones o Cyclosporine o Acyclovir & Ganciclovir o OKT3 o Isoniazid o Tacrolimus o Meperidine o Interferons o Tramadol o Antidepressants o Antipsychotics o Lithium o Theophylline o Alcohol withdrawl o Barbiturate withdraw... | Pharmacology | null |
42ecd3f1-2c1a-42f8-8b8d-6092fecc444b | All are true about horners syndrome except: | Enophthalmos | Ipsilateral hypohydration | Dilated pupil | Ptosis | 2c | multi | Ans: c (Dilated pupil)Ref: Harrison's, 16th ed, p 508,17th ed, p. 192Dilated pupil is not a feature of Homer syndrome. In Homer syndrome constricted pupil is seen.Horner syndromeHomer syndrome is due to involvement of sympathetic pathways to the eyes.Clinical featuresPtosisConstricted pupilEnophthalmosIpsilateral loss ... | Medicine | C.N.S. |
f7ae4eb8-e70f-40fe-b7b4-1c741718c2c3 | 15 million sperm/ml of semen with total 15% motile sperm signifies | Aspermia | Asthenozoospermia | Oligozoospermia | Oligoasthenozoospermia | 3d | single | Aspermia - Lack of secretion or expulsion of semen following ejaculation.Asthenozoospermia - Loss or reduction of mobility of sperms, frequently associated with infeility. Oligozoospermia - low spermatozoon countOligoasthenozoospermia is a combination of:Asthenozoospermia (reduced sperm motility)Oligozoospermia (low sp... | Physiology | Endocrinology |
b27493f1-7824-4af3-ae4b-51ba7ff35526 | Disease of sweat gland ? | Fordyce's spot | Acne vulgaris | Fox-Fordyce's disease | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Fox-Fordyce's disease | Skin | null |
61ce9276-0524-4749-b2a8-fcda98807ab4 | Both hyperplasia and hyperophy is found inaEUR' | Pregnancy uterus | Cardiac muscle in cardiomegaly | Skeletal muscle in athelete | Breast development in lactation | 0a | multi | Pregnant uterus ?? There are some confusion because of the changes in 881/e Robbin's Bobbin's 7th/e clearly states that (p7) The massive physiologic growth of uterus during pregnancy is a good example of hormone induced increase in the size of an organ that results from both hyperophy and hyperplasia But Robbin 8thie s... | Pathology | null |
31731f2d-9bc6-481d-a703-c01908b85dda | Popcorn cells are seen in which variety of hodgkin's disease ? | Nodular sclerosis | Mixed cellularity | Lymphocyte predominant | Lymphocyte depletion | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lymphocyte predominant Popcorn cells are found in lymphocytic predominant type of Hodgkin's Lymphoma. | Pathology | null |
d8ff3acb-7b8a-4031-b8ae-15479968d17d | A pregnant woman is found to have an excessive accumulation of amniotic fluid. Such polyhydramnios is likely to be associated with all of the following conditions except | Sacrococcygeal teratoma | Anencephaly | Oesophageal atresia | Bilateral renal agenesis | 3d | multi | Fetal congenital anomalies associated with Polyhydramnios CNS anomalies 1.Anencephaly 2.Hydranencephaly 3.Holoprosencephaly Neuromuscular disorders Myotonic dystrophy Obstruction of the fetal upper gastrointestinal tract 4.Esophageal atresia 5.Duodenal atresia Other obstructive causes 6.Clefts 7.Micrognathia 8.Congenit... | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics |
29b42e04-37c4-4557-a3fb-4deffde8488a | Stapes foot plate covers: | Round window | Oval window | Sinus tympani | Pyramid | 1b | single | The Oval window is covered by the footplate of stapes. The Round window is covered by secondary tympanic membrane. | ENT | Anatomy of Middle Ear |
b92ae3d7-d08a-4b5b-b84f-7b8c04b5a634 | All are true about cephalosporins, except: | Ceftazidime is a 3rd generation cephalosporin. | Cefoperazone has got antipseudomonal effect. | Cefoxitin has got no activity against anaerobes. | Cephalosporins act by inhibiting cell wall synthesis. | 2c | multi | SECOND GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS
These were developed subsequent to the first generation compounds and are more active against gram-negative organisms with wider coverage, including some strains resistant to first generation compounds. Few members, i.e. cefoxitin are active against anaerobes as well, but none inhibits... | Pharmacology | null |
b3aa7129-6f39-4123-b680-2182b15b6748 | Which is the Nucleus of masseteric reflex? | Superior sensory nucleus of trigeminal nerve | Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve | Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve | Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve | 2c | single | The jaw jerk reflex or the masseteric reflex is a stretch reflex used to test the status of a patient&;s trigeminal nerve (CN V)Cell bodies of neurons carrying proprioceptive sensations from muscles of mastication, TMJ teeth and tongue are in the Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve.(Ref: Vishram Singh textbook of... | Anatomy | Brain |
3a60d418-1566-4639-9396-6ed299ce6150 | Slowest conduction is seen in the following pa of the cardiac conducting system: | SA node | Purkinje fibres | AV node | Bundle of his | 2c | single | Depolarization initiated in the SA node spreads radially through the atria, then converges on the AV node. Atrial depolarization is complete in about 0.1 s. Because conduction in the AV node is slow, a delay of about 0.1 s (AV nodal delay) occurs before excitation spreads to the ventricles. This delay is shoened by sti... | Physiology | null |
35460f1d-b643-48f4-961c-79bfece2e380 | True regarding fibromuscular dysplasia are all except | Medium size vessels | OCPS predispose | Aneurysm may occur | Irregular hyperplasia | 1b | multi | OCPS predispose Fibromuscular dysplasia affects mainly medium and large aeries. Sometimes alteration of the normal normal structure of the aerial wall gives rise to true aneurysms. There is also associated irregular hyperplasia. Muir's Textbook of pathology Edited by JR Anderson, 12 th edition, page no 14.36 Answer is ... | Pathology | Breast |
32f28cb5-4d9d-4934-a604-79e7a11332c2 | While walking or standing, posture is maintain by - | Basal ganglia | Hypothalamus | Cerebellum | Amygdala | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Cerebellum o Cerebellum, through its connection with the red nucleus influences the activity of brainstem reticular formation and thereby gamma motor neuron activity.o Through its connections with the vestibular nucleus and vestibulospinal tract, cerebellum influnences the activity of alpha motor neur... | Physiology | Cerebellum and Brainstem |
101ffce9-309d-44b3-9728-cc577aa81302 | All of the following are used for monitoring air pollution except | SO2 | Soiling index | Coefficient of haze | E. coli | 3d | multi | Indicator for air pollution Remarks Sulphur dioxide Best Smoke and soiling index Air filtered through white paper and stained is measured under photoelectric meter Grit and dust measurement Deposit gauzes collect grit dust and others solid Coefficient of haze Amount of smoke and other aerosol in the air Air pollution i... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment |
e1e1e8d3-9a40-4995-a177-df84d95fd3c5 | Local anaesthetic agent which has antimuscarinic action on hea muscle receptors is | Procaine | Cocaine | Chloroprocaine | None of the above | 1b | multi | Cocaine is a sympathomimetic (and thus antimuscarinic) local anaesthetic and thus adrenaline should not be added to it. | Pharmacology | All India exam |
83178ec9-08aa-4a57-b915-41de68c82baa | Blood Samples for DNA fingerprinting should be transpoed in? | Normal saline | EDTA | NaF | Thymol | 1b | single | EDTA REF: Ginya Bomjen, Anupuma Raina, Irshad M Sulaiman, Seyed E Hasnain & TD Dogra (1996) Effect of storage of blood samples on DNA yield, quality and fingerprinting: A forensic approach. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology;34:384-386, methodscollectionpreservationdna.htm DNA Fingerprinting technique, introduced b... | Forensic Medicine | null |
ccb12696-1819-4b54-abcc-07743d5cff32 | Which of the following structures is related to the esophagus 22.5cm from the incisor teeth? | Arch of aorta | Right principal broncus | Thoracic Duct | Azygous Vein | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Arch of aorta * 2nd constriction is at T4 level where arch of aorta crosses esophagus.Esophageal constrictionsNumberDistance from incisorBony levelAnatomical landmark1st15 cm (6 inches)C6At its beginning (pharyngo-esophageal junction)2nd22.5 cm (9 inches)T4Crossing of aortic arch3rd27.5 cm (11 inches)... | Anatomy | Thorax |
150c4f1d-505e-4003-a39d-5e43be92235b | not true about bacterial vaginosis: | pH < 4.5 | Clue cells present | With KOH gives amine smell | white,milky discharge | 0a | multi | white milky,non viscous discharge adherent to vaginal wall
ph >4.5
fishy odour when mixed with 10% KOH
Clue cells present | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
1c57a192-77ef-4699-ad1c-9028c8c655e4 | Hemochromatosis affects all of the following organs except: | Liver | Pancreas | Hea | Salivary gland | 3d | multi | Deposition of hemosiderin in the following organs (in decreasing order of severity):- Liver cirrhosis Pancreas fibrosis Myocardium Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Thyroid -Skin pigmentation is paially attributable to hemosiderin deposition in dermal macrophages and fibroblasts, most of the pigmentation results from incre... | Pathology | Bilirubin Metabolism |
d817735f-9335-4dab-8f36-07a4fa3ebfc5 | Filgrastim is used in treatment of: | Anemia | Neutropenia | Malaria | Filarial | 1b | single | Filgrastim is a recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) which is a 175 - aminoacid glyco-protein. It differs from the natural granulocyte stimulating factor due to its lack in glycosylation and the presence of an extra N-terminal methionine. It has proved to be effective in the treatment of seve... | Pharmacology | null |
610bc09a-c6ea-438c-8b09-e1c47268b8ca | Biochemical oxygen demand is determined by | Oranic matter and bacteria | Oxygen content | Alage content in water | Agriculture fertiliser content in water. | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' . Organic matter & Bacteria. "The strength of sewage is expressed in terms ofBiochemical oxygen demandChemical oxygen demandsSuspended solids demand""Biochemical Oxygen demand -It is the most important test done on sewage. It is defined as the amount of oxygen absorbed by a sample of sewage during a specifi... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and Health |
7f9f27bb-82e7-44fa-8b88-a1bedc5618bf | A 43-year-old woman has had a headache and fever for the past 2 weeks following a severe respiratory tract infection accompanying bronchiectasis. On physical examination, her temperature is 38.3degC. There is no papilledema. She has no loss of sensation or motor function, but there is decreased vision in the left half ... | Cerebral abscess | Glioblastoma | Metastatic carcinoma | Multiple sclerosis | 0a | single | A cerebral abscess is most often a complication of an infection, such as pneumonia or endocarditis, with onset days to weeks earlier. The bacteria spread hematogenously. As the abscess organizes, it is ringed by fibroblasts that deposit collagen; this feature is characteristic of an abscess in the CNS. A neoplasm occas... | Pathology | Central Nervous System |
6be7b0a9-a170-49d8-8cf4-2bd76e05c9c9 | Penile growth occurs during SMR stage | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 2c | single | In males, the first visible sign of pubey and the hallmark of SMR2 is the testicular enlargement. Penile growth occurs during stage 3.Reference: Nelson Textbook of Paediatrics; 20th edition | Pediatrics | Adolescence |
e6479d2b-eb60-4a44-8d5a-bee58ddcd479 | The first cell to migrate into a wound due to chemotaxis to start the process of wound healing is - | Lymphocyte | Macrophage | Platelet | Neutrophil | 3d | single | Ans-D | Unknown | null |
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