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pair_32981036 | There is a well-established bidirectional, negative association between couple satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Yet, a family systems perspective emphasizes the role of the therapist in interrupting this recursive cycle between couple satisfaction and depressive symptoms. The current study utilized longitudinal da... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Hay una asociación bidireccional y negativa firmemente establecida entre la satisfacción en la pareja y los síntomas depresivos. Sin embargo, la perspectiva de sistemas familiares enfatiza el papel que desempeña el terapeuta en la interrupción de este ciclo recurrente entre la satisfacción en la pareja y los síntomas d... | es |
pair_32981083 | Refugee families experience uncertainty and stress when residing in countries of first asylum, such as Malaysia, and may benefit from supportive parenting interventions. In the greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia area we piloted an eight-week parenting program with 79 Rohingya and Afghan mothers in nine separate groups. Par... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 难民家庭在马来西亚等第一庇护国居住时会经历不确定性和压力，并可能受益于起到支持作用的父母养育干预措施。在马来西亚的大吉隆坡地区，我们对79名罗兴亚和阿富汗母亲进行了为期8周的育儿项目试验。他们被分成9个独立的小组。参与者被随机分为干预组和候补对照组，他们全都完成了为期3个月的随访评估。项目内容涉及积正向管教、加强家庭关系、适应新环境以及改善健康和情绪健康。评估量表包括《儿童适应和父母效能量表》中的儿童强度和父母自我效能感;阿拉巴马养育问题问卷简表包括如下方面：积极的教育，不稳定的教养和不合格的监管;《家庭功能量表》中的家庭亲密和家庭冲突，以及《难民健康筛查-15》中的情感健康。参与干预后，治疗组在儿童强度、家长养育自我效能感、家庭亲... | zh-cn |
pair_32981083 | Refugee families experience uncertainty and stress when residing in countries of first asylum, such as Malaysia, and may benefit from supportive parenting interventions. In the greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia area we piloted an eight-week parenting program with 79 Rohingya and Afghan mothers in nine separate groups. Par... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Las familias refugiadas sienten incertidumbre y estrés cuando viven en países de primer asilo, como Malasia, por eso, pueden beneficiarse de intervenciones de apoyo para la crianza. En el área metropolitana de Kuala Lumpur, en la zona de Malasia, hicimos una prueba piloto de un programa de ocho semanas sobre la crianza... | es |
pair_32981098 | Communal coping occurs when relationship partners view a stressful health problem as 'ours,' rather than yours or mine, and take collaborative action to deal with it. Although research employing linguistic (we-talk) and other measures of communal coping demonstrates relevance to a variety of chronic illnesses, the lite... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 当关系中的伴侣将压力性健康问题视为 '我们的'，而不是你或我的，并采取合作行动来处理它时，就会出现共同应对。虽然采用语言学（有关我们的用语）和其他公共应对措施的研究表明与各种慢性疾病相关，但文献中很少读到关于临床医生如何积极促进“咱们”和团队合作，以帮助患者及其伴侣实现这似乎能带来的健康益处。本文重点介绍了一种叙事干预的临床和支持性科学特征，这种干预的目的是促进伴侣双方在其中一方患有慢性疾病时的共同应对。本文所举例的疾病是糖尿病，但经过修改后的方案也适用于其他慢性疾病。基于问题维持和变化的系统和叙述模式，共同应对干预代表了几十年来家庭咨询的研究和临床经验的提炼。与更多的指导性和教育性方法相比，该干预措施完全由问题组成，没有直接建议或... | zh-cn |
pair_32981098 | Communal coping occurs when relationship partners view a stressful health problem as 'ours,' rather than yours or mine, and take collaborative action to deal with it. Although research employing linguistic (we-talk) and other measures of communal coping demonstrates relevance to a variety of chronic illnesses, the lite... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | El afrontamiento comunitario ocurre cuando las parejas de una relación ven un problema de salud estresante como nuestro, en lugar de tuyo o mío, y toman medidas colaborativas para resolverlo. Aunque las investigaciones que emplean medidas lingüísticas (uso de nosotros al hablar) y otras medidas de afrontamiento comunit... | es |
pair_32981234 | This study aimed to explore the relationship of thyroid function and glucose metabolism and to investigate the changes in thyroid function after National Metabolic Management Center (MMC) management in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM). A total of 2000 euthyroid participants from MMC in Shanghai General Hospital and a co... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 目的: 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者甲状腺功能与糖代谢的关系, 进一步研究T2DM患者经国家代谢管理中心(MMC)管理后甲状腺功能的变化。 方法: 研究纳入上海市第一人民医院MMC甲状腺功能正常人群及社区健康体检人群共2000例, 分为4组:糖耐量正常组(n=132), 糖尿病前期组(n=147), 糖尿病控制良好组(T2DM糖化血红蛋白≤7%, n=505), 糖尿病控制不良组(T2DM糖化血红蛋白>7%, n=1216), 比较各组间相关代谢指标, 并进一步观察糖尿病控制不良组经MMC随访前后甲状腺功能的变化。 结果: 四组间游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)和游离甲状腺素(FT4)水平差异显著。FT3, FT4水平与HbA1c水... | zh-cn |
pair_32985686 | Research demonstrates the central role of mother-child relationships in child socioemotional development; however, families are complex systems and the unique roles of multiple family subsystems in early infant development have received less attention. In the present study, we investigated the role of multiple family r... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 研究证明了母子关系在儿童社会情感发展中的中心作用; 然而，家庭是一个复杂的系统，多个家庭子系统在幼儿早期发育中的独特作用却没有得到足够的重视。在本研究中，我们调查了多种家庭关系(父母间、母亲-婴儿、父亲-婴儿)在怀孕期间和分娩后的第一个月，以及在婴儿6个月的社会情感功能中的作用。我们对父母在怀孕期间进行半结构化访谈，以评估父母间关系的多重品质。在产后1个月，父母完成关于他们对婴儿的感觉和态度的报告，以评估受损的关系。在6个月大时，父母提供关于孩子社会情感功能的报告。在控制产前父母关系质量的前提下，母子关系和父婴关系受损与婴儿社会情感受损有着独特的联系。此外，父母间关系的多个维度(即如冲突管理质量差、对父亲的支持不足、对母亲的尊重程度... | zh-cn |
pair_32985686 | Research demonstrates the central role of mother-child relationships in child socioemotional development; however, families are complex systems and the unique roles of multiple family subsystems in early infant development have received less attention. In the present study, we investigated the role of multiple family r... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Las investigaciones demuestran el papel fundamental que desempeñan las relaciones entre madre e hijo en el desarrollo socioemocional del niño; sin embargo, las familias son sistemas complejos, y los papeles únicos que desempeñan los múltiples subsistemas familiares en el desarrollo temprano del bebé han recibido menos ... | es |
pair_32985703 | The COVID-19 outbreak imposed to Italian families many changes in their daily life increasing the risk of developing psychological problems. The present study explored risk factors associated with parenting stress and implications for children's emotion regulation in families with different socioeconomic risks. Parents... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 新冠肺炎疫情给意大利家庭的日常生活带来许多变化，增加了出现心理问题的风险。本研究探讨不同社会经济风险家庭中，与父母压力相关的风险因素及它们对儿童情绪调节的影响。2至14岁儿童的父母完成了一项调查，报告了由于禁闭、家庭混乱程度、父母压力、父母参与儿童日常生活和儿童情绪调节能力所经历的困境。与意大利标准相比，养育压力和儿童情绪调节能力的一般平均水平没有达到临床水平。家庭混乱预示着更高程度的父母压力，反过来，通过父母参与的中介作用，孩子的情绪调节能力更低。父母压力越大，参与孩子活动就越少，孩子有效情绪调节能力就越弱。只有对没有社会经济地位风险的家庭来说，禁闭才会增加养育子女的压力。在有社会经济地位风险的家庭中，父母的压力和参与对儿童调节策... | zh-cn |
pair_32985703 | The COVID-19 outbreak imposed to Italian families many changes in their daily life increasing the risk of developing psychological problems. The present study explored risk factors associated with parenting stress and implications for children's emotion regulation in families with different socioeconomic risks. Parents... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | El brote de la COVID-19 impuso a las familias italianas muchos cambios en su vida cotidiana, los cuales aumentaron el riesgo de desarrollar problemas psicológicos. El presente estudio analizó los factores de riesgo asociados con el estrés de la crianza y las consecuencias para la regulación emocional de los hijos en fa... | es |
pair_32985732 | The aim of this study was to compare serum interleukin (IL)-31 concentrations in dogs with lymphoma and mast cell tumours (MCT) without pruritus to those of healthy dogs. To determine if IL-31 plays a role in tumour pathogenesis and if IL-31 could be a biological marker for disease progression. Forty-eight healthy dogs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 背景: 本研究的目的是比较无瘙痒的淋巴瘤和肥大细胞瘤(MCT)患犬与健康犬的血清白介素(IL)-31浓度。 假设/目的: 确定IL-31是否在肿瘤发病机制中发挥作用，以及IL-31是否可作为疾病发生的生物学标志物。 动物: 48只健康犬和36只肿瘤犬[多中心淋巴瘤(14)、MCT(15)和皮肤淋巴瘤(7)]被纳入研究。 方法和材料: 将患瘤犬分配至三个不同组。第1组为多中心淋巴瘤患犬，经细胞学、组织病理学和克隆检查确诊。经细胞学和组织病理学结果确诊的皮肤淋巴瘤病患，纳入第2组，胸部x线片、腹腔超声检查、肝脾细针穿刺确定淋巴瘤分期。经细胞学和组织病理学结果确诊的MCT病患，纳入第3组。在通过Simoa超灵敏、全自动两步免疫测定法测定I... | zh-cn |
pair_32985732 | The aim of this study was to compare serum interleukin (IL)-31 concentrations in dogs with lymphoma and mast cell tumours (MCT) without pruritus to those of healthy dogs. To determine if IL-31 plays a role in tumour pathogenesis and if IL-31 could be a biological marker for disease progression. Forty-eight healthy dogs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Le but de cette étude est de comparer les concentrations d’interleukine (IL)-31 sériques chez les chiens avec lymphome et mastocytome (MCT) sans prurit à celles de chiens sains. HYPOTHÈSES/OBJECTIFS: Déterminer si l’IL-31 joue un rôle dans la pathogénie des tumeurs et si l’IL-31 pourrait être un marqueur biologique de ... | fr |
pair_32985732 | The aim of this study was to compare serum interleukin (IL)-31 concentrations in dogs with lymphoma and mast cell tumours (MCT) without pruritus to those of healthy dogs. To determine if IL-31 plays a role in tumour pathogenesis and if IL-31 could be a biological marker for disease progression. Forty-eight healthy dogs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Das Ziel dieser Studie war ein Vergleich von Serum Interleukin (IL)-31 Konzentrationen bei Hunden mit Lymphomen und Mastzelltumoren (MCT) ohne Juckreiz mit jenen von gesunden Hunden. Das Ziel war es festzustellen, ob IL-31 bei der Pathogenese von Tumoren eine Rolle spielt und ob IL-31 ein biologischer Marker für den Fo... | de |
pair_32985732 | The aim of this study was to compare serum interleukin (IL)-31 concentrations in dogs with lymphoma and mast cell tumours (MCT) without pruritus to those of healthy dogs. To determine if IL-31 plays a role in tumour pathogenesis and if IL-31 could be a biological marker for disease progression. Forty-eight healthy dogs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as concentrações séricas de interleucina (IL) -31 em cães com linfoma e mastocitoma (MCT) sem prurido com as de cães saudáveis. HIPÓTESE/OBJETIVOS: Determinar se a IL-31 desempenha um papel na patogênese tumoral e se a IL-31 pode ser um marcador biológico para a progressão da doença... | pt |
pair_32985732 | The aim of this study was to compare serum interleukin (IL)-31 concentrations in dogs with lymphoma and mast cell tumours (MCT) without pruritus to those of healthy dogs. To determine if IL-31 plays a role in tumour pathogenesis and if IL-31 could be a biological marker for disease progression. Forty-eight healthy dogs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | el objetivo de este estudio fue comparar las concentraciones séricas de interleuquina (IL) -31 en perros con linfoma y mastocitomas (MCT) sin prurito con los de perros sanos. HIPÓTESIS/OBJETIVOS: determinar si IL-31 juega un papel en la patogénesis tumoral y si IL-31 podría ser un marcador biológico para evaluar la pro... | es |
pair_32987453 | Previous work based on molecular evidence has shown that most socially monogamous birds follow a genetic polyandrous mating system. However, our knowledge about avian mating systems is heavily biased toward the north temperate zone, with data on tropical birds remaining relatively scarce. This uneven distribution of bo... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 先前基于分子生物学证据的研究表明，大多数社会性单配制的鸟类在遗传上呈现出一妻多夫的婚配制度。然而，我们对鸟类婚配制度的了解很大程度上来自于北半球的研究案例，而有关热带鸟类的研究资料则相对匮乏。这种在系统发育和空间采样上的不均匀性妨碍了我们对鸟类婚配制度的理解和解释。该研究探讨了华南地区黄腹山鹪莺（ <i>Prinia flaviventris</i>）的广西热带种群的婚外父权的比率。对24巢129个个体（83只雏鸟和46只亲鸟）进行取样，83只雏鸟中有12只为婚外子代（占比14.46%），隶属于7巢。对雏鸟数据完整的13巢进行分析发现，56只雏鸟中仅5只为婚外子代（占比8.93%）。黄腹山鹪莺的婚外父权比率低于莺科其它种类的平均比率... | zh-cn |
pair_32987454 | Accumulating studies have been conducted to identify risk genes and relevant biological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder (MDD). In particular, transcriptomic analyses in brain regions engaged in cognitive and emotional processes, e.g., the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), have provided essential i... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 近年来，累积研究针对抑郁症风险基因与相关生物学机制展开了探索，其中，利用抑郁症有关认知和情感调控相关脑区（例如背外侧前额叶皮层）转录组数据开展的测序分析提供了大量重要信息。该研究基于三个相互独立的背外侧前额叶皮层脑组织RNA测序数据（79例抑郁症患者及75例健康对照），采用两种不同的方法分析了在抑郁症患者大脑中相对健康个体显著差异表达的基因。同时，本研究亦针对受到慢性可变压力或慢性社会失败压力刺激的小鼠大脑转录组进行了分析，寻找它们脑中相对无刺激处理小鼠或压力抗性小鼠差异表达的基因。最终，我们鉴定到12个通过两种方法均证实在抑郁症患者脑中相对健康个体显著差异表达的基因，且其中的大部分基因在压力刺激小鼠脑中也出现了相对无刺激处理小鼠或... | zh-cn |
pair_32987477 | The Chinese Invasive Fungal Infection Working Group published the first edition of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of IFD in patients with hematological disorders and cancers in 2005, and has been revised several editions thereafter. Recently, new treatments such as targeted therapy have emerged in the field... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 中国侵袭性真菌感染工作组在2005年首次制定了血液病/恶性肿瘤患者侵袭性真菌病（IFD）的诊断标准及治疗原则，并先后经历多次修订。近年来, 血液肿瘤领域出现了很多新治疗手段（如靶向治疗等），使得IFD的高危人群、IFD的流行病学、IFD诊治策略都发生了一些变化；同时IFD的诊断方法累积了更多的临床研究数据。基于这些变化，中国侵袭性真菌感染工作组经反复讨论，参照欧洲癌症研究和治疗组织-感染性疾病协作组（EORTC-IDG）和美国真菌病研究组（MSG）标准、美国抗感染学会（IDSA）指南及欧洲白血病抗感染委员会（ECIL）指南对我国原有IFD的诊断标准与治疗原则进行了再次修订。本版诊治原则对流行病学部分进行了相应修订；诊断体系上保留了确... | zh-cn |
pair_32987478 | There are a large number of patients with mental and psychological problems in the cardiology department. The purpose of this consensus was issued for cardiologists to improve their ability to identify and deal with mental and psychological problems and the quality of medical services for the patients. | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 在心内科就诊的患者中许多存在精神心理问题，本共识为《在心血管科就诊患者的心理处方中国专家共识2013版》的更新版，旨在提高心血管医生的医疗服务质量，帮助心血管医生提高精神心理问题的识别能力和基本处理能力。. | zh-cn |
pair_32987479 | In recent years, the clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been constantly updated. Among the general principles, it is particularly emphasized that, in order to improve the ratio of treat to target(T2T) of RA, doctors and patients should work together to negotiate the de... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 近年来类风湿关节炎（RA）临床专家诊治指南不断更新，在总体原则中特别强调，为提高RA临床达标率，需医患携手共同协商诊疗过程中的细节。因此，患者对疾病的认识、对专家诊治指南的理解及配合医生共同做好各项诊疗工作非常重要。本指南从患者关切的问题出发，按照国际规范流程，组成RA患者实践指南工作组，提出RA患者实践指南推荐意见16条。. | zh-cn |
pair_32987480 | Prone position ventilation (PPV) is an effective treatment for patients with moderate/sever acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which can improve oxygenation and reduce mortality. Due to the uneven distribution of medical resources in China, the compliance of PPV is quite low. Standardized protocol of PPV is st... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 俯卧位通气是中、重度急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）患者重要的治疗措施之一，可有效改善患者氧合，降低病死率。但我国重症医学医疗资源分布极不均衡，俯卧位通气治疗依从性不高且缺乏规范化的治疗流程。中华医学会重症医学分会重症呼吸学组制定了ARDS患者俯卧位通气治疗的规范化流程，旨在促进ARDS患者俯卧位通气规范化实施与管理，推动俯卧位通气治疗的同质化。. | zh-cn |
pair_32988149 | The Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have represented a major breakthrough in the field of malignant tumor treatment. However, due to the mechanism of this novel therapy, some special forms of response modes, such as pseudoprogression and hyperprogression, have arisen, which bring difficulties and challenges to the ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)是恶性肿瘤治疗领域的重大突破，但由于其作用机制使然，出现了假性进展、超进展等特殊肿瘤应答模式，对临床治疗决策和疗效评价带来了困难与挑战。2017年，欧洲核医学年会根据已公布的临床试验数据，报道了应用(18)F-FDG PET/CT评价肿瘤免疫治疗反应、判读免疫相关不良反应的优势。在中国，自2013年正式开始ICIs的临床研究以来，已有大量的研究数据产生，如何在肿瘤ICIs治疗中合理、规范地应用PET/CT成为亟待解决的临床和科学问题。鉴于此，由中华医学会核医学分会PET学组牵头，针对PET/CT检查规范、ICIs治疗后PET/CT图像解读、疗效评价标准等内容，在结合文献、专家经验和委员会成员内部讨论的基础... | zh-cn |
pair_32988151 | Lung cancer is currently the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world, and the main type is non-small cell lung cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitor is a landmark discovery in the history of cancer treatment, which rewrites the history of cancer treatment, and improves the medical treatment ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 肺癌是目前世界上发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤，其中主要的类型是非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)。免疫检查点抑制剂是恶性肿瘤治疗发展史上里程碑式的发现，给很多恶性肿瘤患者提供了新的治疗选择。文章总结了免疫检查点抑制剂在NSCLC临床诊疗中的研究进展，探讨了药物作用的原理、不同临床分期NSCLC的诊疗差别以及未来的研究方向，为临床医师在治疗过程中使用免疫检查点抑制剂提供参考。. | zh-cn |
pair_28592052 | A 54-year-old man was admitted to the Department of Rheumatology in Peking Union Medical College Hospital due to polyarthritis, back pain and multiple subcutaneous masses. He had symmetrical polyarthritis at onset, which was diagnosed as rheumatoid arthritis. His follow-up and treatment were irregular. Back pain and mu... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 患者男性，54岁。因多关节肿痛、腰背痛、全身多发包块就诊于北京协和医院风湿免疫科。以对称性多关节肿痛起病，诊断类风湿关节炎，治疗不规律，后出现腰背痛及全身多发包块。ESR、超敏C反应蛋白升高明显，类风湿因子和抗环瓜氨酸多肽抗体阳性，无任何感染及肿瘤证据。胸部CT示肺间质病变，胸锁关节及胸骨破坏。脊髓MRI示椎体改变伴周边软组织影，皮下软组织见不规则异常信号。椎管内占位组织活检病理见类风湿结节。最终诊断类风湿关节炎，多发滑囊囊肿。经甲泼尼龙(40 mg/d)和环磷酰胺(0.4 g/周)治疗后，症状明显缓解，复查ESR 6 mm/1 h，超敏C反应蛋白1.22 mg/L，甲泼尼龙规律减量，6个月随诊时病情稳定，未复发。. | zh-cn |
pair_28592070 | Malignant tumor is the most heterogeneous human disease, and it has been gradually reached the consensus in clinical oncology that the personalized treatment of tumor patients should be directed by molecular diagnostics. However, the ever-changing characteristic of tumor in heterogeneity and the fact that tissue sample... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 恶性肿瘤是异质性最明显的人类疾病，通过分子诊断指导患者个体化的精准治疗，已逐渐成为肿瘤临床治疗的共识。然而，肿瘤在时间和空间上的异质性及组织标本不易获取的现实使液体活检的作用和价值越来越凸显。可用于液体活检的材料主要有循环肿瘤DNA、循环肿瘤细胞及细胞外囊泡等，它们各具优缺点，可以互为补充，准确、全面地反映肿瘤的特性，更好地指导患者的个体化精准治疗。本文将详述液体活检领域的研究进展，并以此阐明液体活检在肿瘤精准医疗中的重要作用。. | zh-cn |
pair_28592071 | At present, several clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of osteoarthritis have been developed by institutes or societies. The ultimate purpose of developing clinical practice guidelines is to formulate the process in the treatment of osteoarthritis effectively. However, the methodologies used in developing c... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | None | zh-cn |
pair_28592084 | Developmental dislocation of the hip(DDH) is one of the most serious hip diseases. Patients with unilateral DDH are prone to secondary osteoarthritis, low back pain, gait disturbance and compensatory scoliosis because of the leg length discrepancy. Total hip arthroplasty(THA) is the highly effective treatment for patie... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 发育性髋关节脱位是严重的髋关节疾病之一。对于单侧髋关节脱位患者，双下肢不等长明显，不及时干预可继发骨关节炎、下腰部疼痛及脊柱侧凸等严重问题，最终需行人工全髋关节置换术；对于活动需求大的青少年患者，其假体寿命缩短，失败率高，髋关节翻修术数量相应增加。关节囊成形术使关节囊完整包裹于股骨头，并在髋臼成形后复位股骨头，可推迟或避免关节置换，且股骨头复位至真臼，降低了将来髋关节置换术的手术难度。早期关节囊成形术后股骨头坏死、关节僵硬、关节炎等并发症发生率高，该手术方式逐渐被放弃。近年来，通过结合髋关节外科脱位技术进行改良，并强调术后康复重要性，大大降低了并发症发生率，改良关节囊成形术在青少年单侧髋关节脱位患者保髋治疗中的地位越来越突出。为提高... | zh-cn |
pair_28592106 | Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), which have both great properties of flame retardation and plasticization, are currently widely used as additive flame retardants. Due to the restriction and phase-out of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), the market demand for OPFRs as excellent alternatives of BFRs has been r... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 随着溴系阻燃剂（BFR）在全球范围内的限制使用，有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs）作为其优秀替代品，需求量和使用量正快速增长。然而，OPFRs也会在生产和使用过程中向周围环境释放，且具有一定的环境持留性。部分OPFRs被证实具有神经、生殖、致癌等毒性。目前，OPFRs已在各种环境介质中广泛存在，并可能通过各种途径进入人体，对人体健康造成潜在危害。本文综述了OPFRs在空气、灰尘、饮用水、膳食等与人体暴露途径相关的环境介质中的残留水平和组成特征，及其人体暴露研究进展，并对该研究内容未来的研究方向进行了展望。. | zh-cn |
pair_28603306 | To determine whether periodic supportive supervision after a training course improved the quality of paediatric hospital care in Kyrgyzstan, where inappropriate care was common but in-hospital postnatal mortality was low. In a cluster, randomized, parallel-group trial, 10 public hospitals were allocated to a 4-day Worl... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 目的 旨在确定培训课程结束后开展定期支持性监督是否能够改善吉尔吉斯斯坦儿童医院护理的质量。在吉尔吉斯斯坦,护理不当很常见,但住院产后死亡率较低。方法 在一项整群随机平行组试验中,安排 10 家公立医院开展为期 4 天的世界卫生组织 (WHO) 儿童医院护理课程,随后由儿科医生进行为期 1 年的定期支持性监督,在此期间,不对 10 家医院进行任何干预。 按照 WHO 指南的说明,我们对不当儿科病历管理的 10 项关键指标进行了预期性评估。 主要指标为以下三项指标的组合: 不必要的住院治疗、医源性风险增加以及不必要的痛苦疗程。 一个独立团队对整体护理质量进行了评估。结果 我们预先审查了 4626 名 2 个月至 60 个月大住院儿童的医... | zh-cn |
pair_28603306 | To determine whether periodic supportive supervision after a training course improved the quality of paediatric hospital care in Kyrgyzstan, where inappropriate care was common but in-hospital postnatal mortality was low. In a cluster, randomized, parallel-group trial, 10 public hospitals were allocated to a 4-day Worl... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Déterminer si un encadrement périodique adapté suite à un cours de formation a permis d'améliorer la qualité des soins hospitaliers pédiatriques au Kirghizistan, où il était courant que les soins soient inappropriés, mais où la mortalité postnatale en milieu hospitalier était faible. Dans le cadre d'un essai en groupes... | fr |
pair_28603306 | To determine whether periodic supportive supervision after a training course improved the quality of paediatric hospital care in Kyrgyzstan, where inappropriate care was common but in-hospital postnatal mortality was low. In a cluster, randomized, parallel-group trial, 10 public hospitals were allocated to a 4-day Worl... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Determinar si la supervisión de apoyo periódica tras un curso de formación mejoró la calidad de la asistencia hospitalaria pediátrica en Kirguistán, donde era común una asistencia poco apropiada pero la mortalidad postnatal hospitalaria era baja. En un ensayo aleatorizado por conglomerados paralelos, se asignó a 10 hos... | es |
pair_28603306 | To determine whether periodic supportive supervision after a training course improved the quality of paediatric hospital care in Kyrgyzstan, where inappropriate care was common but in-hospital postnatal mortality was low. In a cluster, randomized, parallel-group trial, 10 public hospitals were allocated to a 4-day Worl... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Определить, способствует ли периодический дополнительный надзор после проведения обучающего курса повышению качества оказания стационарной педиатрической помощи в Кыргызстане, где среднестатистический уровень качества оказания медицинской помощи был невысоким, но уровень внутристационарной постнатальной смертности был ... | ru |
pair_28603307 | To analyse factors affecting variations in the observed quality of antenatal and sick-child care in primary-care facilities in seven African countries. We pooled nationally representative data from service provision assessment surveys of health facilities in Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda and the Unite... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 旨在分析影响七个非洲国家初级医疗机构中所观测的产前及患儿护理质量的变化的因素。. 我们通过肯尼亚、卢旺达、马拉维、纳米比亚、塞内加尔、坦桑尼亚联合共和国和乌干达的卫生设施服务提供评估调查收集了具有全国代表性的数据(调查年份: 2006–2014)。 根据世界卫生组织协议,我们创建了产前护理(初诊)及患儿就诊流程的质量指标。 我们通过各服务质量的独立多级回归模型对可阐明护理质量变化的全国性、设施、提供者及患者因素进行了评估。. 数据分别适用于 2594 及 11 402 份产前护理及患儿临床咨询的观测报告。 总体来说,在所观测的就诊期间,八项推荐产前护理行为中,62.2% (四分差,IQR: 50.0 至 75.0)由医疗护理提供者开... | zh-cn |
pair_28603307 | To analyse factors affecting variations in the observed quality of antenatal and sick-child care in primary-care facilities in seven African countries. We pooled nationally representative data from service provision assessment surveys of health facilities in Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda and the Unite... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Analyser les facteurs qui affectent les variations de qualité observées concernant les soins prénatals et aux enfants malades dans des établissements de soins primaires de sept pays africains. Nous avons rassemblé des données représentatives à l'échelle nationale provenant d'enquêtes évaluant la qualité des services fo... | fr |
pair_28603307 | To analyse factors affecting variations in the observed quality of antenatal and sick-child care in primary-care facilities in seven African countries. We pooled nationally representative data from service provision assessment surveys of health facilities in Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda and the Unite... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Analizar los factores que afectan a las variaciones de la calidad observada en la atención prenatal y a niños enfermos en centros de atención primaria de siete países africanos. Se recopilaron datos representativos a nivel nacional de encuestas de evaluación sobre prestación de servicios de centros sanitarios de Kenya,... | es |
pair_28603307 | To analyse factors affecting variations in the observed quality of antenatal and sick-child care in primary-care facilities in seven African countries. We pooled nationally representative data from service provision assessment surveys of health facilities in Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Rwanda, Senegal, Uganda and the Unite... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Проанализировать факторы, обуславливающие различия в качестве дородового наблюдения и ухода за больными детьми в учреждениях первичной медико-санитарной помощи в семи африканских странах. Авторы объединили репрезентативные на национальном уровне данные обзорных исследований по оценке предоставления услуг в медицинских ... | ru |
pair_28603308 | To evaluate the quality of essential care during normal labour and childbirth in maternity facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India. Between 26 May and 8 July 2015, we used clinical observations to assess care provision for 275 mother-neonate pairs at 26 hospitals. Data on 42 items of care were collected, summarized into 17 ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 旨在评估印度北方邦地区妇产机构的顺产及正常分娩期基本护理质量。. 2015 年 5 月 26 日至 7 月 8 日，我们采用临床观察法对为 26 家医院的 275 对母婴提供的护理进行了评估。期间采集了 42 项护理数据、总结出 17 项临床实践和三项综合得分，然后加权计算出基于人口的估计值。我们审查了公立和私立机构之间护理质量的未调整差异。然后采用多级线性混合效应模型来根据接生员、机构以及产妇特征进行调整。. 我们观察到的私立和公立机构的护理质量均普遍较差；每位产妇完成基础临床护理的平均比例为 35.7%。加权估计值表明，公立和私立机构由不具备资格的人员提供护理的母婴对比例分别为 73.0% 和 27.0%；私立机构提供的产妇、新... | zh-cn |
pair_28603308 | To evaluate the quality of essential care during normal labour and childbirth in maternity facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India. Between 26 May and 8 July 2015, we used clinical observations to assess care provision for 275 mother-neonate pairs at 26 hospitals. Data on 42 items of care were collected, summarized into 17 ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Évaluer la qualité des soins essentiels dispensés lors des accouchements et des naissances sans complications, dans des centres de maternité de l'Uttar Pradesh, en Inde. Entre le 26 mai et le 8 juillet 2015, nous avons réalisé des observations cliniques pour évaluer les soins dispensés à 275 paires mère/nouveau-né, dan... | fr |
pair_28603308 | To evaluate the quality of essential care during normal labour and childbirth in maternity facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India. Between 26 May and 8 July 2015, we used clinical observations to assess care provision for 275 mother-neonate pairs at 26 hospitals. Data on 42 items of care were collected, summarized into 17 ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Evaluar la calidad de la atención esencial durante partos y nacimientos normales en maternidades de Uttar Pradesh, India. Entre el 26 de mayo y el 8 de julio de 2015, se utilizaron observaciones clínicas para evaluar la prestación de asistencia a 275 pares madre-neonato en 26 hospitales. Se recopiló información sobre 4... | es |
pair_28603308 | To evaluate the quality of essential care during normal labour and childbirth in maternity facilities in Uttar Pradesh, India. Between 26 May and 8 July 2015, we used clinical observations to assess care provision for 275 mother-neonate pairs at 26 hospitals. Data on 42 items of care were collected, summarized into 17 ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Оценить качество оказания основной медицинской помощи при нормальных родах в родовспомогательных учреждениях штата Уттар-Прадеш, Индия. Для оценки оказания медицинской помощи авторы использовали клинические наблюдения 275 пар «мать-новорожденный», проведенные в период с 26 мая по 8 июля 2015 года в 26 больницах. Были с... | ru |
pair_28603309 | To assess the characteristics and incidence of medical litigation in China and the potential usefulness of the records of such litigation as an indicator of health-care quality. We investigated 13 620 cases of medical malpractice litigation that ended between 2010 and 2015 and were reported to China's Supreme Court. We... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 旨在评估中国医疗诉讼的特征和发生率以及使用此类诉讼的记录作为医疗护理质量指标的潜在作用。. 我们调查了在 2010 至 2015 年间结案并呈报给中国最高法院的 13 620 件医疗事故诉讼案例。 我们根据法院所在地、诉讼结案年份、涉及的医疗规范、呈报损害的严重程度、原告提起的指控类型（包括接受的医疗护理中被指控的任何不足）以及诉讼结果对各案件进行了分类。. 医疗事故诉讼的年发生率由 2010 的 75 例增加到 2014 年的 6947 例。大多数案例与普通外科（1350 例）、内科（3500 例）、产科及妇科（1251 例）以及骨科（1283 例）有关。 大多数呈报损害的程度为轻微（1358 件）或致命（4111 件）。 最常见... | zh-cn |
pair_28603309 | To assess the characteristics and incidence of medical litigation in China and the potential usefulness of the records of such litigation as an indicator of health-care quality. We investigated 13 620 cases of medical malpractice litigation that ended between 2010 and 2015 and were reported to China's Supreme Court. We... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Évaluer les caractéristiques et l'incidence des litiges médicaux en Chine et l'utilité potentielle des données disponibles sur ces litiges en tant qu'indicateurs de la qualité des soins de santé. Nous avons étudié 13 620 actions en justice liées à de mauvaises pratiques médicales, qui se sont terminées entre 2010 et 20... | fr |
pair_28603309 | To assess the characteristics and incidence of medical litigation in China and the potential usefulness of the records of such litigation as an indicator of health-care quality. We investigated 13 620 cases of medical malpractice litigation that ended between 2010 and 2015 and were reported to China's Supreme Court. We... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Evaluar las características y la incidencia de litigios médicos en China y la posible utilidad de los registros de dichos litigios como un indicador de la calidad de la atención sanitaria. Se investigaron 13 620 casos de litigios por negligencias médicas que acabaron entre 2010 y 2015 y se enviaron al Tribunal Supremo ... | es |
pair_28603309 | To assess the characteristics and incidence of medical litigation in China and the potential usefulness of the records of such litigation as an indicator of health-care quality. We investigated 13 620 cases of medical malpractice litigation that ended between 2010 and 2015 and were reported to China's Supreme Court. We... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Дать оценку характерным особенностям и частоте инициирования судебных разбирательств по медицинским делам в Китае и потенциальной применимости записей о таких судебных разбирательствах в качестве показателя качества медико-санитарного обслуживания. Авторы изучили 13 620 случаев судебных разбирательств по делам о недобр... | ru |
pair_28603310 | To assess the consistent availability of basic surgical resources at selected facilities in seven countries. In 2010-2014, we used a situational analysis tool to collect data at district and regional hospitals in Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 14), the Plurinational State of Bolivia (<i>n</i> = 18), Ethiopia (<i>n</i> = 19), G... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 旨在评估七个国家选定机构持续提供基本外科资源的能力。. 在 2010 年到 2014 年期间,我们使用情景分析工具收集了埃塞俄比亚 (<i>n</i> = 19)、多民族玻利维亚国 (<i>n</i> = 18)、老挝人民民主共和国 (<i>n</i> = 12)、利比里亚 (<i>n</i> = 12)、卢旺达 (<i>n</i> = 25)、孟加拉国 (<i>n</i> = 14) 以及危地马拉 (<i>n</i> = 20) 的地方和地区医疗机构的数据。我们通过务实的抽样方法选择医疗机构。然后使用一个在线数据可视化平台对数据进行地理编码和分析。我们将每家医院的服务范围人口定义为到达医院车程不超过 2 小时的人口。具有持续提供基... | zh-cn |
pair_28603310 | To assess the consistent availability of basic surgical resources at selected facilities in seven countries. In 2010-2014, we used a situational analysis tool to collect data at district and regional hospitals in Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 14), the Plurinational State of Bolivia (<i>n</i> = 18), Ethiopia (<i>n</i> = 19), G... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Évaluer la disponibilité constante des ressources chirurgicales de base dans certains établissements de sept pays. En 2010–2014, nous avons utilisé un outil d'analyse de situation pour recueillir des données dans des hôpitaux régionaux et de district au Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 14), dans l'État plurinational de Bolivie (... | fr |
pair_28603310 | To assess the consistent availability of basic surgical resources at selected facilities in seven countries. In 2010-2014, we used a situational analysis tool to collect data at district and regional hospitals in Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 14), the Plurinational State of Bolivia (<i>n</i> = 18), Ethiopia (<i>n</i> = 19), G... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Evaluar la disponibilidad coherente de recursos quirúrgicos básicos en centros seleccionados de siete países. En 2010–2014, se utilizó una herramienta de análisis situacional para recopilar datos en hospitales de distrito y regionales de Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 14), el Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia (<i>n</i> = 18), Et... | es |
pair_28603310 | To assess the consistent availability of basic surgical resources at selected facilities in seven countries. In 2010-2014, we used a situational analysis tool to collect data at district and regional hospitals in Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 14), the Plurinational State of Bolivia (<i>n</i> = 18), Ethiopia (<i>n</i> = 19), G... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Оценить постоянную доступность основных хирургических ресурсов в отдельных медицинских учреждениях в семи странах. В 2010–2014 годах мы использовали инструмент ситуационного анализа для сбора данных в районных и областных больницах в Бангладеш (<i>n</i> = 14), Боливии (Многонациональное государство) (<i>n</i> = 18), Гв... | ru |
pair_28603311 | To assess the feasibility of applying the World Health Organization's proposed 15 indicators of quality of care for maternal and newborn health at health-facility level in low- and middle-income settings. Six of the indicators are about maternal health, five are for newborn health and four are general cross-cutting ind... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 旨在评估在中低收入国家卫生机构实施世界卫生组织提出的 15 个孕产妇和新生儿健康质量指标的可行性。. 其中六个指标与孕产妇健康相关，五个与新生儿健康相关，四个是一般性综合指标。 我们使用定期从医疗机构登记处收集的数据，以及从 10 个亚非国家 963 个专门提供孕产服务的医疗机构中获取的数据作为机构评估的一部分。 我们对数据的可用性以及指标定义的清晰度进行了可行性评估，同时明确了将所提议指标应用于现实环境所需的其他信息和数据收集流程。. 在评估的指标中，10 个定义明确，其中，4 个可直接应用到实际中，6 个需要修订以便于实施。 其他五个指标需要进一步制定，其中一个可通过使用登记处的现有信息投入实施，另外四个在部署之前，需要增添一些... | zh-cn |
pair_28603311 | To assess the feasibility of applying the World Health Organization's proposed 15 indicators of quality of care for maternal and newborn health at health-facility level in low- and middle-income settings. Six of the indicators are about maternal health, five are for newborn health and four are general cross-cutting ind... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Évaluer s'il est faisable d'appliquer les 15 indicateurs proposés par l'Organisation mondiale de la Santé relatifs à la qualité des soins de santé maternelle et néonatale dans des centres de santé de régions à revenu faible et intermédiaire. Six indicateurs portent sur la santé maternelle, cinq sur la santé néonatale e... | fr |
pair_28603311 | To assess the feasibility of applying the World Health Organization's proposed 15 indicators of quality of care for maternal and newborn health at health-facility level in low- and middle-income settings. Six of the indicators are about maternal health, five are for newborn health and four are general cross-cutting ind... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Evaluar la viabilidad de aplicar los 15 indicadores de calidad de atención sanitaria materna y obstétrica propuestos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud en centros sanitarios de entornos con ingresos bajos y medios. Seis de los indicadores tratan sobre salud materna, cinco sobre salud obstétrica y cuatro son indica... | es |
pair_28603311 | To assess the feasibility of applying the World Health Organization's proposed 15 indicators of quality of care for maternal and newborn health at health-facility level in low- and middle-income settings. Six of the indicators are about maternal health, five are for newborn health and four are general cross-cutting ind... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Дать оценку практической возможности применения 15 предложенных Всемирной организацией здравоохранения показателей качества ухода за матерью и новорожденным ребенком в медицинских учреждениях в условиях с низким и средним уровнем доходов. Шесть показателей из них относятся к охране здоровья матери, пять — к охране здор... | ru |
pair_28603312 | To analyse the impact of community approaches to improving newborn health and survival in low-resource countries. We updated previous meta-analyses of published cluster randomized trials of community-based interventions for neonatal survival. For each study we extracted baseline data on the context: geographical area; ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | ： 旨在分析改善新生儿健康和存活率的社区方法在资源匮乏国家的影响。. 我们更新了之前对公布的基于社区的新生儿存活率干预的群体随机试验数据的元分析。 提取了各项研究在以下方面的基准数据： 地理区域；适用医院和人员；直接母乳喂养和住院分娩；以及新生儿死亡率。 我们还提取了干预（直接母乳喂养和住院分娩方面的改变）的主要成果（新生儿存活率）和间接成果。 我们采用了森林图和汇总亚组分析，以找出效应量与干预背景或类型（基于家庭的指导或产妇分组）之间的关联模式。. ： 我们纳入了 2001 年到 2013 年间的 17 项试验。汇总在每 1000 名活产婴儿中有 44 例或更多例死亡的地区开展的六项研究数据之后，我们发现新生儿死亡率降低了 25%... | zh-cn |
pair_28603312 | To analyse the impact of community approaches to improving newborn health and survival in low-resource countries. We updated previous meta-analyses of published cluster randomized trials of community-based interventions for neonatal survival. For each study we extracted baseline data on the context: geographical area; ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Analyser l'impact des approches communautaires dans l'amélioration de la survie et de la santé des nouveau-nés dans des régions à faibles ressources. Nous avons actualisé d'anciennes méta-analyses d'essais randomisés en grappes publiés, portant sur des interventions communautaires visant à améliorer la survie néonatale... | fr |
pair_28603312 | To analyse the impact of community approaches to improving newborn health and survival in low-resource countries. We updated previous meta-analyses of published cluster randomized trials of community-based interventions for neonatal survival. For each study we extracted baseline data on the context: geographical area; ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Analizar el impacto de enfoques comunitarios para mejorar la salud y la supervivencia de los neonatos en países con escasos recursos. Se actualizaron metaanálisis anteriores de ensayos aleatorizados de conglomerados publicados de intervenciones comunitarias de supervivencia de los neonatos. Para cada estudio, se extraj... | es |
pair_28603312 | To analyse the impact of community approaches to improving newborn health and survival in low-resource countries. We updated previous meta-analyses of published cluster randomized trials of community-based interventions for neonatal survival. For each study we extracted baseline data on the context: geographical area; ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Провести анализ влияния общинных подходов, направленных на улучшение здоровья и повышение выживаемости новорожденных в странах с низким уровнем ресурсообеспеченности. Авторы обновили предыдущие метаанализы опубликованных кластерных рандомизированных исследований вмешательств, подразумевающих широкое участие местного на... | ru |
pair_28603313 | The quality of care provided by health systems contributes towards efforts to reach sustainable development goal 3 on health and well-being. There is growing evidence that the impact of health interventions is undermined by poor quality of care in lower-income countries. Quality of care will also be crucial to the succ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 由卫生系统提供的护理质量影响健康与幸福方面的可持续发展目标 3 的实现。 越来越多证据表明，卫生干预措施的影响受到了低收入国家较差护理质量的破坏。 护理质量对于全民卫生覆盖活动的成功同样至关重要；对普及服务的质量及范围不满的市民不可能支持公共医疗保健融资。 此外，道德推力的存在将确保所有人（包括最贫困人员）均可获得可有效改善健康的最低质量标准的护理。 然而，中低收入国家现今的质量衡量结果仍不足以完成该任务。 卫生信息系统提供不完整且通常不可靠的数据，机构调查采集过多用途不确定的指标，专注在有限的服务上并且很快就会过期。 现有量具无法准确收集护理流程及患者体验的数据。 几乎很少收集对医疗保健实践敏感的患者效果，而这一指标是高收入国家质... | zh-cn |
pair_28603313 | The quality of care provided by health systems contributes towards efforts to reach sustainable development goal 3 on health and well-being. There is growing evidence that the impact of health interventions is undermined by poor quality of care in lower-income countries. Quality of care will also be crucial to the succ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La qualité des soins dispensés par les systèmes de santé contribue aux efforts qui visent à atteindre l'objectif de développement durable n°3 sur la santé et le bien-être. De plus en plus d'éléments indiquent que l'impact des interventions dans le domaine de la santé est compromis par une mauvaise qualité des soins dan... | fr |
pair_28603313 | The quality of care provided by health systems contributes towards efforts to reach sustainable development goal 3 on health and well-being. There is growing evidence that the impact of health interventions is undermined by poor quality of care in lower-income countries. Quality of care will also be crucial to the succ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La calidad de la atención proporcionada por los sistemas sanitarios contribuye a los esfuerzos para alcanzar el objetivo 3 de desarrollo sostenible en salud y bienestar. Cada vez existen más pruebas de que el impacto de las intervenciones sanitarias se ve desvirtuado por la mala calidad de la atención en países con ing... | es |
pair_28603313 | The quality of care provided by health systems contributes towards efforts to reach sustainable development goal 3 on health and well-being. There is growing evidence that the impact of health interventions is undermined by poor quality of care in lower-income countries. Quality of care will also be crucial to the succ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Качество медицинской помощи, обеспечиваемое системами здравоохранения, вносит свой вклад в усилия по достижению цели 3 в области устойчивого развития, направленной на улучшение здоровья и благополучия. Все больше фактов свидетельствуют о том, что эффект проведения мероприятий в области здравоохранения нивелируется плох... | ru |
pair_28603314 | Maternal and neonatal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries, with poor quality of intrapartum care as a barrier to further progress. We developed and tested a method of measuring the quality of maternal and neonatal care that could be embedded in a larger national performance management initiative.... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 由于分娩护理质量较差、阻碍进一步发展，导致中低收入国家的孕产妇及新生儿死亡率仍然居高不下。. 我们制定并测试了一个衡量孕产妇及新生儿护理质量的方法，该方法可被纳入大型国家绩效管理举措中。该方法采用直接观察与医疗记录审查对九大分娩护理领域的质量进行评分。我们通过拜访 18 家负责在埃塞俄比亚医院集群内部推进并协调质量改进工作的领头医院，试行并评估了该方法。在基础评估至后续评估期间，由国家质量协作组的工作人员提供与产程及分娩服务相关的院内培训。. 埃塞俄比亚已投资医院质量改进十余年，且此方法已整合入领头医院的现有质量改进机制，并可能推广至所有政府医院。. 我们发现目标医院在基础评估（2015 年 6-7 月）至后续评估（2016 年 2... | zh-cn |
pair_28603314 | Maternal and neonatal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries, with poor quality of intrapartum care as a barrier to further progress. We developed and tested a method of measuring the quality of maternal and neonatal care that could be embedded in a larger national performance management initiative.... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La mortalité maternelle et la mortalité néonatale restent élevées dans les pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire, où la qualité insuffisante des soins pratiqués pendant l'accouchement constitue un frein à la progression dans ce domaine. Nous avons conçu et testé une méthode pour évaluer la qualité des soins dispensés a... | fr |
pair_28603314 | Maternal and neonatal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries, with poor quality of intrapartum care as a barrier to further progress. We developed and tested a method of measuring the quality of maternal and neonatal care that could be embedded in a larger national performance management initiative.... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | La mortalidad materna y neonatal sigue siendo alta en países con ingresos bajos y medios, siendo la escasa calidad de atención durante el parto un impedimento para hacer progresos. Se desarrolló y probó un método de cálculo de la calidad de la atención materna y neonatal que podría aplicarse en una gran iniciativa naci... | es |
pair_28603314 | Maternal and neonatal mortality remains high in low- and middle-income countries, with poor quality of intrapartum care as a barrier to further progress. We developed and tested a method of measuring the quality of maternal and neonatal care that could be embedded in a larger national performance management initiative.... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | Материнская и неонатальная смертность в странах с низким и средним уровнем доходов остается высокой, а низкое качество интранатального медицинского обслуживания препятствует дальнейшему прогрессу. Мы разработали и опробовали метод измерения качества медицинского обслуживания для матерей и новорожденных, который можно б... | ru |
pair_28606259 | Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common autoimmune syndrome affecting the thyroid and orbit. It can result in the fibrosis of extraoular muscles and hyperplasia of adipose tissue. The mechanism of TAO is not clear and there was few effective treatment. Recently, orbital decompression was performed on more a... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | TAO是以眼外肌肥厚或纤维化以及眼眶脂肪增生水肿为眼部特征的累及甲状腺和眼眶的自身免疫性疾病。发病机制尚不明确，导致临床治疗手段匮乏。近年来，眼眶减压术用于治疗越来越多的甲状腺相关眼病患者，其可有效改善患者外观，并减轻患者高眶压引起的不适症状。本文将围绕眼眶减压术的实施原则、术式的差异以及相关影响因素，进一步探讨眼眶减压术的临床价值，规范手术适应证，使其能够在临床发挥更大的作用。<i>（中华眼科杂志，2017，53：401-403）</i>. | zh-cn |
pair_28606260 | Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the orbital tissue, hyaluronan deposition and tissue remodeling due to a skewed production of preadipocytic fibroblasts and increased adipogenesis in the late stage. Its progression is strongly related to the functional s... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | TAO是一种以眼眶软组织炎性反应、黏多糖沉积及后期组织重塑为特征的自身免疫性疾病，其与甲状腺功能的关系密切。TAO临床表现多变，治疗手段多样，目前国内外缺乏统一的诊断分期和治疗标准，而准确判断病情并制定相应的个体化治疗方案，对TAO患者的预后尤为重要，因此TAO诊治规范化是眼科临床亟待解决的问题。<i>（中华眼科杂志，2017，53：404-407）</i>. | zh-cn |
pair_28606261 | TAO is a common autoimmune orbital disease. 20% to 30% patients in active phase of moderate to severe TAO have no reponse to treatment or relapse after treatment, which become a difficult problem in clinical treatment. In this paper, the necessity of the treatment, etiology, treatment difficulties and treatment measure... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | TAO是临床常见的自身免疫性眼眶疾病。20%~30％活动期中重度TAO患者对于糖皮质激素、眼眶减压术、眼眶放射和免疫靶向治疗无效或治愈后复发，成为临床治疗的难题。本文从疾病治疗的必要性以及病因、治疗难点及措施等方面进行深入探讨，以期尽最大努力解决临床难题，救治此类患者。<i>（中华眼科杂志，2017，53：408-412）</i>. | zh-cn |
pair_28606271 | Thyroid-associated opthalmopathy(TAO) is a common autoimmune syndrome affecting the thyroid and orbit, which can result in the fibrosis of extraoular muscles and hyperplasia of adipose tissue. Advanced TAO patients could even lose vision caused by cornea ulcer and congestion of optic nerve from expansion of the extraoc... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | TAO是一种累及甲状腺和眼眶的自身免疫性疾病，眼部主要病理学改变为眼外肌纤维化和眶内脂肪组织增生。患者的主要临床症状为眶压升高、眼球突出，严重者因视神经受到挤压或角膜溃疡可导致失明。由于缺乏必要的细胞分子学机制依据，所以临床尚无有效的治疗方法。近期研究发现骨髓来源的一种干细胞特征纤维细胞可能参与TAO的发病机制及病理过程。本文就TAO的研究进展及其与骨髓来源纤维细胞的具体关系进行总结和综述。<i>（中华眼科杂志，2017，53：470-473）</i>. | zh-cn |
pair_28606272 | Thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common complication of Graves' disease (GD). The clinical manifestations are mainly swelling and retracted eyelid, protopsis and limited eye movements, and optic neuropathy can be seen in severe cases. The mechanism of TAO is not yet clear. A large number of studies have fou... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | TAO又称Graves眼病，是Graves病最常见的甲状腺外表现，临床主要表现为眼睑肿胀、眼睑退缩、眼球突出、眼球运动障碍等，严重者可致视神经病变。TAO的发病机制尚未明确，大量研究发现自身免疫功能异常在TAO的发病过程中发挥重要作用，遗传、氧化应激、吸烟等因素也参与了TAO的发生过程。本文将从免疫功能异常、遗传易感性、氧化应激及吸烟4个方面，总结和阐述TAO发生的可能机制，以期为临床相关研究提供参考。<i>（中华眼科杂志，2017，53：474-480）</i>. | zh-cn |
pair_28613052 | President Xi presented an important address in the National Health and Wellness Conference and the high strategic priority for promoting people's health in China was emphasized. Thereafter, a number of documents of state policy on health and wellness were issued successively. These documents covered important contents ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 习近平总书记在全国卫生与健康大会上发表重要讲话，强调要把人民健康放在优先发展的战略地位。国家先后发布了多个包含口腔卫生和健康方面的政策文件，体现了党和国家对于口腔卫生与健康的高度重视。本文从国家口腔卫生政策出台背景和内容进行详细解读，并就当前问题提出建议。国家近期的一系列文件将口腔健康融入到各项重大政策中，对口腔卫生与健康事业的发展具有重要意义。这些重大文件的发布为口腔健康搭建好第一道关口，以共同危险因素策略防治口腔疾病，采取全人群和重点人群相结合的策略，为以健康为中心发展口腔大健康产业等方面提供了有力的政策支撑。. | zh-cn |
pair_28613063 | At present, three-dimensional (3D) printing has been applied in many aspects in the field of prosthodontics, such as dental models, wax patterns, guide plates, dental restoration and customized implants. The common forming principles include light curing, sintering and melting-condensation, the materials include pure w... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 目前，三维打印已应用于口腔修复领域内的诸多方面，可制作模型、蜡型、导板、修复体和个性化种植体，常见成形原理包括光固化成形、烧结成形、熔凝成形，打印材料包括纯蜡、树脂基复合材料、金属和陶瓷，但打印精度及多种材料一体化打印制品的强度有待提高。三维打印制作口腔修复体的优势在于定制功能化的仿生结构，但相关研究尚处于起步阶段。现简要总结口腔修复领域常用三维打印工艺，并详述三维打印在国内外口腔修复临床的应用现状与评价，为临床决策及进一步研发提供参考。. | zh-cn |
pair_28613064 | At present, it has been regarded that oral disease was one of the most prevalent problems for people's general health around the world. Oral disease burden study focuses on the pressure and effect of oral diseases to the whole social economy and people's health. Oral disease burden, as a public health problem, needs to... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 口腔疾病目前已成为世界上大部分人群的健康问题之一。口腔疾病负担研究是对口腔疾病造成的社会经济和人群健康压力与影响的研究，是国内外各个国家地区需要重视的公共卫生问题。本文通过文献回顾的方法，总结了口腔疾病负担在国内外的研究进展，通过患病率、龋均、伤残调整寿命年、伤残权重等指标对口腔疾病的流行病学负担进行比较，并通过一些数据说明口腔疾病的经济负担现状。结果表明口腔疾病在国内外大部分国家、地区均为明显的疾病负担，而我国对口腔疾病负担的研究尚不成熟，以龋病、牙周病、失牙为主的口腔疾病在我国患病率高，社会大众的就诊率低，且医疗费用自付比例高，相对而言，我国口腔疾病的流行病学和经济负担较重。. | zh-cn |
pair_28613065 | Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common oral mucosal disease. The etiology of OLP is not clear. The treatment of OLP is difficult as some of the OLP patients have little effects to the conventional mucosal treatments. In recent years, laser therapy has been adopted to treat patients with OLP. The CO(2) laser therapy has d... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 口腔扁平苔藓（oral lichen planus，OLP ）是常见的口腔黏膜病，其病因不明，治疗较困难，传统疗法对部分患者无效。近年来激光疗法在治疗OLP上取得一定的效果，其中CO(2)激光因其较好的疗效得到国内外医师和学者的关注。本文主要探讨CO(2)激光治疗OLP的原理、疗效及新进展。. | zh-cn |
pair_29732753 | In order to determine how the diameter class length distribution (DCLD) of fine roots of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) would be affected by soil warming, nitrogen addition and their interaction, a factorial experiment of soil warming (ambient, +5 ℃) and nitrogen addition (ambient, +4 and +8 g N·m<sup>-2</sup>·a... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 通过在福建省三明市陈大林业国有林场内开展土壤增温(增温5 ℃、不增温)和氮添加(不添加、4、8 g N·m<sup>-2</sup>·a<sup>-1</sup>)的交互试验(共6个处理),研究土壤增温、氮添加及二者交互作用对杉木细根径级根长分布的影响,用扩展模型可很好地拟合6个处理的径级根长分布(<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>=0.97).结果表明: 增温使杉木细根总根长变小,但对细根直径影响不显著;氮添加使杉木细根总根长和直径均变小;增温和氮添加的交互作用对细根总根长有显著影响,但对细根直径无显著影响.6个处理细根径级根长分布均能用极值函数模型较好地拟合(<i>R</i><sup>2</sup>>0.98).相关分析显... | zh-cn |
pair_29732757 | By performing a pot experiment, the study compared leaf and litter element concentration between the dry-red soil and vertisols, and analyzed the interactive effects of soil types and species on leaf nutrient concentration and nutrient resorption efficiency. The results showed that the soil type significantly affected ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 采用盆栽试验,研究元谋干热河谷燥红土和变性土上生长的植物叶片以及凋落叶营养元素含量,并分析养分重吸收效率对土壤类型与物种互作的响应.结果表明: 土壤类型对叶片N、P、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、N∶P以及凋落叶N、P、Mn、N∶P均有显著影响;燥红土植物叶片与凋落叶N、Mn含量和N∶P显著高于变性土,而燥红土植物叶片P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Zn和凋落叶P含量显著低于变性土.燥红土植物叶片N含量较变性土高34.8%,而P含量低40.0%;在叶片凋落时,N、P、K表现为重吸收,而其他元素呈富集状态.燥红土凋落叶Ca、Mg、Mn富集系数显著高于变性土.物种仅对叶片N含量有显著影响,物种与土壤交互作用对植物叶片和凋落叶元素含量影响不显... | zh-cn |
pair_29732758 | A pot experiment including five treatments, i.e., CK (neither fertilizer nor super absorbent polymers), U (urea alone), S [super absorbent polymers (SAP) alone], SUM (SAP mixed with urea) and SUG (gel made of SAP and urea) was conducted to evaluate their effects on fine root morphological characteristics, fine root abs... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 在盆栽试验条件下,研究不施肥和保水剂(CK)、单施尿素(U)、单施保水剂(S)、保水剂-尿素混施(SUM)和保水剂-尿素凝胶(SUG)处理对侧柏裸根苗细根的形态特征、吸收面积、氮代谢及氮素利用率的影响.结果表明:与U处理相比,SUG处理显著增加细根的生物量、长度、比根长、表面积和体积,并明显扩大细根的总吸收面积和根尖吸收面积;SUG处理比根长分别较CK、U、S和SUM处理显著增加34.7%、37.9%、41.1%和12.4%,细根的硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺合成酶、谷氨酸合成酶和谷氨酸脱氢酶活性分别较U处理提高41.2%、76.6%、30.7%和125.8%,而GS/GDH(谷氨酰胺合成酶/谷氨酸脱氢酶)下降.SUG处理显著促进侧柏裸根苗... | zh-cn |
pair_29732761 | Imperviousness in watershed is a key index to measure urbanization status which exerts an important impact on both eco-hydrological process and spatio-temporal pattern. Taking Yuqiao Reservoir Watershed as a case study area, based on the ENVI 5.1 software, the basic impervious surface information was extracted from rem... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | None | zh-cn |
pair_29732760 | In high water table level area, saline water irrigation in crucial drought periods has been confirmed to have a positive effect to increase crop yield while it may cause soil salt accumulation to have a potential negative effect on next season crop growth. It was supposed that eliminating or reducing this kind of negat... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 高水位地区作物生长关键期采用微咸水或咸水灌溉被证明在一定条件下可以起到增产正效应，但同时却存在着土体盐分积累及其对下茬或次年种植影响的生态负效应.为探讨消除或抑制微咸水或咸水灌溉对土壤盐分积累的生态负效应，保证作物种植增产的正效应，本文在河北近滨海高水位盐碱区开展了为期2年的试验研究，探讨了旱季微咸水或咸水灌溉带来的盐分异位积累与离子分布变化特征，分析了雨季关键期暗管适时排盐对土壤盐分的立体调控生态效应.结果表明：旱季咸水灌溉后土壤经历“积盐-脱盐-二次积盐”3个阶段；灌溉初期，1 g·L<sup>-1</sup>咸水灌溉处理下0～50 cm土体脱盐，土壤含盐量随土壤深度增加而增加，HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</su... | zh-cn |
pair_29732762 | This paper studied the spatial-temporal characteristics and rules of land use change in Jiangsu Province using theories and methods of geo-spectrum. Based on the land use data translated from remote sensing images of 1990, 2000 and 2010, we synthesized the geo-spectrum of the mode of arable land use change and that of ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 基于地学信息图谱理论与方法,运用ArcGIS 10.0软件,以江苏省1990、2000和2010年3期遥感解译数据为空间数据源合成江苏省1990—2000和2000—2010年两个10年阶段的土地利用变化图谱以及耕地利用变化模式图谱,据此揭示江苏省土地利用变化时空特征及规律.结果表明: 1990—2000年,江苏省土地利用变化以耕地与城乡建设用地、耕地与水域以及耕地与林草地的图谱单元互换为主要特征,尤其是以“耕地→城乡建设用地”、“耕地→水域”最为显著,耕地数量减少、空间分布集中.2000—2010年,江苏省土地利用变化最显著的仍是“耕地→城乡建设用地”图谱单元;同时,“草地→水域”、“城乡建设用地→水域”图谱类型分布集中且扩大趋势... | zh-cn |
pair_29732763 | China is advocating ecological civilization construction nowadays. Further researches on the relation between ecosystem service and humanity well-being are full of theoretical and practical significance. Combining related researches, this paper defined the concept and connotation of ecological well-being based on ecosy... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 当前中国积极倡导生态文明建设,深入研究生态系统服务与人类福祉的关系具有理论和实践意义.本文界定了基于生态系统服务理论的生态福祉概念及其内涵,参考有关国民经济核算理论及相关研究成果构建了生态福祉供给与消费的评价指标,借鉴区位熵理论提出了区域生态福祉红线的刻画方法,在此基础上以2012年中国大陆省区生态福祉评价为例进行实证.结果表明: 2012年,中国大陆地区耕地、林地、牧草地、湿地、水域以及未利用地等6类生态系统生产净值分别为14819.25、81948.06、41762.77、42457.60、31770.84和1337.62亿元;省际生态系统生产净值的空间异质性明显;从供给水平来看,东部和中部省区林地、牧草地、湿地、耕地以及未利用... | zh-cn |
pair_29732765 | By using stable isotope techniques, we analyzed the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios of Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye and its potential feed materials in Liaodong Bay of Bohai Sea, aiming to identify potential food sources and trophic levels of R. esculentum . The results showed that the δ<sup>13</sup>C and ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 应用稳定同位素技术分析了渤海辽东湾海蜇及其可能摄食饵料生物的碳、氮稳定同位素比值，对其食物组成和营养级进行了研究.结果表明： 辽东湾海蜇的δ<sup>13</sup>C值范围是-20.27‰～-23.06‰，跨度为2.79‰，平均值为-21.33‰；δ<sup>15</sup>N值范围是6.82‰～10.03‰，跨度为3.21‰，平均值为8.25‰.海蜇的饵料生物主要包括悬浮物、浮游植物、鱼卵、≤1000 μm 浮游动物、1000～1500 μm 浮游动物和＞1500 μm 浮游动物，其中以≤1000 μm 浮游动物为主，贡献率高达71%～88%；其他饵料生物的重要性由高到低依次为>1500 μm浮游动物、1000～1500 μm浮... | zh-cn |
pair_29732767 | The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of recalcitrant components during foliar litter decomposition under edge effects of forest gap in Pinus massoniana plantations in the low hilly land, Sichuan basin. A field litterbag experiment was conducted in seven forest gaps with different sizes (100, 225, 400... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 采用凋落物分解袋, 以四川低山丘陵区马尾松人工林人工砍伐形成的7个不同面积的林窗边缘(100、225、400、625、900、1225、1600 m<sup>2</sup>)为研究对象, 以林下为对照, 研究了2种乡土树种——樟和红椿凋落叶难降解物质(木质素、纤维素、总酚、缩合单宁)在不同大小林窗边缘的降解动态特征.结果表明:马尾松人工林林下与不同大小林窗边缘相比较,红椿凋落叶中除纤维素外,其余难降解物质的降解率以及樟凋落叶木质素降解率均显著高于林下.在全年分解过程中, 2种凋落叶4种难降解物质的降解率总体均呈现持续上升的趋势.其中,缩合单宁降解最快,其次是总酚和纤维素,而木质素降解最慢.随林窗面积的增大, 红椿凋落叶除纤维素外,其... | zh-cn |
pair_29732773 | A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of nitrogen application on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of rapeseed under post anthesis waterlogging condition. Two high nitrogen use efficiency rapeseed genotypes 'Monty' and 'Xiangyou 15' and two low nitrogen use efficiency rapeseed genotypes 'R2... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 温室盆栽试验条件下,设置渍水和对照2个水分处理,每个水分处理下设置3个施氮水平(0.05、0.2、0.3 g N·kg<sup>-1</sup>土),研究了花后渍水逆境下氮素营养对两个氮高效基因型‘Monty’、‘湘油15’和两个氮低效基因型‘R210’、‘Bin270’油菜产量、产量性能及氮肥利用效率的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,花后渍水处理显著降低了油菜的单株角果数、千粒重、每角粒数和籽粒产量.在适宜水分条件下,增施氮肥显著增加了油菜籽粒产量,而在渍水逆境处理下,增施氮肥对油菜籽粒产量的形成贡献不大.氮高效基因型较氮低效基因型对花后渍水逆境下的籽粒灌浆充实具有一定的促进作用.在同一水分处理下,花后渍水明显降低了油菜氮肥利用率、氮... | zh-cn |
pair_29732777 | In this study, the spatial distribution of fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) of vegetation in Beijing during 2010-2012 was analyzed based on the MODIS-FPAR data with a resolution of 1 km and the functional classification of vegetation. The yearly dynamics of FPAR of different vegetation ty... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 利用MODIS产品中分辨率为1 km的光合有效辐射吸收比例(FPAR)数据,结合植被功能型分类,分析2010—2012年北京植被FPAR的空间分布特征,以及各种植被类型FPAR的多年变化,并进一步探讨了FPAR与叶面积指数(LAI)之间的相关性.结果表明: 研究期间,北京植被的FPAR空间分布均呈现出东北部、西南部高,并向中心城区逐渐递减的分布特征.通过FPAR的叠加分析还发现,各种植被类型FPAR年平均值的波动均较小,针叶树、阔叶树、草地、作物FPAR的年均值波动范围仅分别在0.42～0.44、0.38～0.39、0.32～0.33、0.21～0.22,但各种植被类型FPAR的年内变化范围均较大.各种植被类型的FPAR与LAI也具... | zh-cn |
pair_29732780 | The vulnerability and influence factors of agro-household livelihood in Haiyuan County, Ningxia were empirically analyzed utilizing set pair analysis and obstacle degree model, based on field survey data of impoverished agro-households in 2014. Results showed that vulnerability of agro-household livelihood in Haiyuan C... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | None | zh-cn |
pair_29732781 | The climatic suitability distribution of flue-cured tobacco planting in Yunnan will be profoundly affected by climate change. According to three key factors influencing climatic suitability of flue-cured tobacco planting in Yunnan, namely, average temperature in July, sunshine duration from July to August, precipitatio... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 云南烤烟种植的气候适宜性分布将受到气候变化的深刻影响.根据云南烤烟种植气候适宜性的3个决定因子(7月平均气温、7—8月日照时数、4—9月降水量),利用1981—2060年的气候模拟数据及1986—2005年的气象台站实测数据,分析了1986—2005年及RCP 4.5和RCP8.5气候情景下2021—2040年、2041—2060年云南烤烟种植气候适宜性分布的变化.结果表明: 未来气候情景下,云南烤烟种植气候适宜分布呈现北抬东扩的趋势,未来云南烤烟可种植区域将呈逐渐增加的趋势,且2041—2060年增幅大于2021—2040年、RCP8.5情景的增幅大于RCP4.5情景,其中,烤烟的最适宜区域、次适宜区域增幅均较大,适宜区域则变化不... | zh-cn |
pair_29732782 | In order to effectively evaluate the influence of human activities on the resource and environment, this paper constructed an resource and environment pressure evaluation system based on footprint family, and calculated the ecological footprint, carbon footprint, water footprint, and resource and environment pressure i... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 为了系统评估人类活动对环境的影响,基于足迹家族构建了资源环境压力评价体系,对青海省的生态足迹、碳足迹、水足迹及资源环境压力作了测评.结果表明: 1990—2013年,青海省人均生态足迹由1.32 hm<sup>2</sup>增为3.32 hm<sup>2</sup>,人均生物承载力由2.33 hm<sup>2</sup>降至2.07 hm<sup>2</sup>,2006年后出现生态赤字且不断增高,但1990年以来始终存在生物质盈余;人均碳足迹由5.82 t增至15.85 t,目前已超过应对气候变化目标的7.93倍;人均水足迹从967.67 m<sup>3</sup>降低到732.05 m<sup>3</sup>.1990年以来生态... | zh-cn |
pair_29732784 | Land consolidation has become a main means of achieving the intensive use of land resources, which ensures the dynamic equilibrium and requisition-compensation balance of the total cultivated land in China. However, the intensive disturbance during the land consolidation may affect the soil quality. In order to investi... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 土地整理保证了我国耕地总量的动态平衡和占补平衡,已成为实现国土资源集约利用的主要手段,但整治过程中的强度扰动会对土壤质量产生一定的影响.为了解土地整理对土壤微生物多样性的影响,采用PLFA法研究了土地整理1年(Z1a)、4年(Z4a)后土壤微生物群落多样性的变化.结果表明: 与未整理(Z0)相比,土地整理1年后,土壤pH值提高了14.6%,土壤有机碳质量分数降低了65.4%;各菌群磷脂脂肪酸PLFAs含量和相对丰度均显著下降(P<0.05),下降幅度达43.4%～63.7%和25.2%～53.9%;真菌/细菌(F/B)显著下降(P<0.05),降低了35.9%,而革兰氏阳性菌/革兰氏阴性菌(G<sup>+</sup>/G<sup>-... | zh-cn |
pair_29732786 | The high-risk invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata has greatly threatened the agriculture, ecosystem integrity and public health. In order to provide scientific evidence for effective prevention and control of P. canaliculata, a most suitable ecological niche model was selected to predict the potential suitable di... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 高危性外来入侵种福寿螺严重危害我国的农业生产、生态系统完整性和人体健康.为制定有效的防控策略提供科学依据,本研究通过选取最适的生态位模型以预测福寿螺在我国的潜在适生区.结合福寿螺在我国的337条分布记录和年均温、年降水量等19个生物气候变量数据,本文采用MaxEnt、GARP、BIOCLIM和DOMAIN等4种生态位模型分别模拟预测了福寿螺在我国的潜在适生区,并利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)和Kappa统计量分析比较不同模型的预测效果.结果表明: 4种模型均能较好地模拟福寿螺在我国的分布,其中MaxEnt模型的模拟准确度最高(受试者工作特征曲线下的面积AUC=0.955±0.004,Kappa=0.845±0.017),其次是GA... | zh-cn |
pair_29732785 | In this study, the cyanobacterium Phormidium was grown under six different nutrient concentrations, ranging from standard AA medium to a 600× dilutions of that media. After incubation at 25 ℃ and 2000 lx for 8 months, the growth curve for each treatment was measured by direct counting of cell numbers. Additionally, the... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本试验设计了从正常的AA培养基(CK组)到N和P含量只有正常AA培养基1/600的6种培养基.在25 ℃、2000 lx条件下将宿主席藻在6种培养基中培养8个月后,用显微直接计数法测定了席藻的生长曲线以及噬藻体PP感染宿主席藻的裂解周期与致死率,用离心法测定了噬藻体PP对宿主席藻的吸附率,用一步生长曲线法测定了噬藻体PP的释放量和裂解周期.结果表明: 提高N和P含量会促进宿主席藻的生长,统计分析也显示,在对数中期(第6天),高营养盐浓度中细胞密度显著高于低营养盐浓度中的密度;提高营养盐浓度噬藻体PP的吸附率会显著增高,主要表现为在AA中噬藻体PP的吸附率极显著高于其他组;同时6种培养基条件下噬藻体PP对席藻的致死率变化不大;随着营养... | zh-cn |
pair_29732787 | Based on the measured daily flow prototype sequence of five hydrologic stations in the three outfalls of Chingjiang River from 1990 to 2014, its hydrological characteristics and its changing trend was analyzed by using the Mann-Kendall statistical test and the cumulative anomaly method, while the effect of the operatio... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 基于1990—2014年荆南三口五站实测原型日流量水文序列,采用Mann-Kendall法、累积距平法检验分析其水文特征与变化趋势,并应用生态水文变化指标体系和变化范围法评估分析了三峡水库运行对荆南三口河流33项生态水文指标变化的影响.结果表明:1990—2014年,三口年平均流量呈现显著减少趋势(<i>P</i><0.05),减小率为19%,拐点年份出现在2003年,2003年前荆南三口年平均流量为1981.1 m<sup>3</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>,2003年以后的年平均流量为1603.25m<sup>3</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>,前后相差377.85 m<sup>3</sup>·s<sup>-... | zh-cn |
pair_29732788 | Increase of nitrogen (N) availability can greatly affect the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Fine root is critical to belowground ecological processes, thus its response to elevated N availability has become a focus of ecological researches. This article reviewed the trend and under-lying mechanism of fine... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 氮(N)有效性增加对森林生态系统结构和功能有重要影响.细根作为树木地下最为活跃的组分,其对N有效性增加的响应已成为森林生态学研究的热点.本文对N有效性增加条件下细根解剖构造、形态和菌根侵染的响应趋势及潜在机制进行了综述.N有效性增加导致细根皮层厚度、皮层层数和皮层细胞直径下降,外皮层上通道细胞数量减少,而中柱和木质部横截面积,以及导管(或管胞)直径、数量和壁厚度均增加,根解剖构造的响应与植物激素浓度变化有关;N有效性增加后菌根侵染率下降,比根长(单位根干质量的长度)在外生菌根树种中普遍下降,而在内生菌根树种中增加;根直径和组织密度的变化趋势则表现出较大的种间差异.这些个体根和树种水平上的结果对于理解森林生态系统水平上的碳和养分循环具... | zh-cn |
pair_29732789 | This paper introduced the concepts of organic agriculture as defined by different international organizations, origin and theoretical development of organic agriculture, as well as its developing trajectory in China (i.e. a late start followed by rapid growth compared to developed countries). The differences between do... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 本文介绍了不同国际组织为有机农业下的定义、有机农业的起源及理论发展过程,以及我国有机农业的发展轨迹:我国有机农业较发达国家起步晚,但发展迅速.通过详细叙述国内外有机农业发展规模、种植作物种类、有机农业生产标准、投入品及有机种植技术,比较了我国有机农业发展与国外存在的差异.从有机农业标准、生产技术、产品市场、有机认证、企业信誉、自然环境污染、国家政策支持力度等方面详细分析了我国有机农业发展的制约因素,提出了我国有机农业健康发展的方向及对策. | zh-cn |
pair_29732791 | Greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission from arable field is a hot topic recently, adopting appropriate cropping systems is an effective way to reduce GHGs emission. This paper reviewed the impacts and mechanisms of intercropping on soil CO<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>O emissions in upland field. Rational intercropping syste... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 农田温室气体排放是近年来科学界的研究热点,采用合适的种植模式是减少农田温室气体排放的有效途径之一.本文综述了作物间作对旱地土壤CO<sub>2</sub>和N<sub>2</sub>O排放的影响及机理.合理间作能够提高土壤有机碳(SOC)含量、促进不同作物秸秆向SOC转化、降低SOC矿化速率,从而减少CO<sub>2</sub>排放.禾本科与豆科作物间作能够在维持作物产量的情况下,减少化学氮肥投入、土壤有效氮残留及还田秸秆产生的无机氮,降低N<sub>2</sub>O排放.间作作物的互作、田间小气候环境的改善也是影响土壤温室气体排放的重要因素.今后,要增加土壤温室气体监测时长并对影响因子进行综合、全面的分析,尤其是从分子水平探究间作... | zh-cn |
pair_29732792 | Black and odorous (BO) water body reflects very typical serious water pollution related to organic pollution, sediment re-suspension and thermal pollution. Also, the insufficiency of water cycle is one of the most important hydrodynamic factors for formatting BO water body. The blackening substances mainly include susp... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 黑臭水体是水体污染的一种极端现象.造成黑臭水体的主要污染源包括有机污染物、底泥再悬浮以及水体热污染,城市水循环条件不足是引起黑臭水体的水动力学因素.从黑臭形成化学机理看,致黑物质主要包括悬浮物、Fe、S元素及其化合物FeS;致臭物质主要包括H<sub>2</sub>S、NH<sub>3</sub>等小分子气体以及硫醚类(VOSCs)、乔司脒和2-二甲基异莰醇等化合物.本文重点从黑臭评价指标、黑臭指数法、多元线性回归模型以及综合评价法4个方面对黑臭水体评价方法进行对比与总结,并对未来城市黑臭水体研究进行展望,旨在进一步明确城市黑臭水体判别技术,为城市水环境治理和水生态维护提供依据. | zh-cn |
pair_29732793 | To reveal the radial growth trends of Pinus koraiensis and the differences in their responses to climate factors among different latitudes, and to assess the dynamic characteristics, adaptabi-lity and sensitivity of P. koraiensis under the influence of climate change, dendrochronological techniques were used to study t... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 运用树木年轮气候学方法,研究了不同纬度阔叶红松林红松径向生长趋势及其与气候因子的关系,以期揭示不同纬度红松径向生长对气候因子响应的差异以及气候变化影响下红松的动态特征、适应性及敏感性.结果表明: 不同纬度红松径向生长对当地气候因子的响应存在差异,最南部的白石砬子自然保护区红松径向生长与生长季的平均相对湿度呈显著正相关,与平均最高气温呈显著负相关.中部的长白山自然保护区的低海拔区域红松径向生长与生长季的水分因子(降水、相对湿度和帕尔默干旱指数PDSI)呈显著正相关,而与平均最高气温呈显著负相关;凉水自然保护区红松径向生长与生长季的水分因子(相对湿度和PDSI)呈显著正相关,与气温因子(平均气温和平均最高气温)呈显著负相关.而最北部的胜... | zh-cn |
pair_29732795 | We investigated the fire impacts on nutrients in litter and soil, and their C:N:P stoichio-metry in forests of Great Xing'an Mountains. The studied sites differed in their burning year (post-fire 4, 14, 40, 70 years and unburned within 120 years) and had different topographic locations (sloped land and flat land). The ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 测定大兴安岭林区不同火烧年限(火后4、14、40、70和120年内未火烧)、不同坡度(坡地、平地)凋落物和土壤C、N、P含量及其化学计量比,分析火烧对凋落物和土壤养分的长期影响及两者之间的关系.结果表明: 不同火烧年限凋落物和土壤C、N、P化学计量特征差异显著,凋落物C含量变化不大.凋落物N、P含量随火烧年限的增加而增加,在火后4和14年较低,在火后40年恢复到对照(未火烧)水平.凋落物C∶N和C∶P值随火烧年限增加而下降,N∶P值则呈上升趋势.土壤C、N、P含量及其比值随土层深度增加而降低.坡地土壤C含量随火烧年限增加而增加,在火后70年显著高于对照,在平地差异不显著.火烧年限和坡度的交互作用影响土壤P含量和C∶P值.坡地土壤P含... | zh-cn |
pair_29732796 | In order to detect the effects of simulated nitrogen deposition on litter decomposition and degradation of lignin and cellulose, a one-year field experiment of simulated nitrogen deposition has been conducted using litter bag method from November 2013 to November 2014 in an evergreen broad-leaved forest, Rainy Area of ... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 从2013年11月至2014年11月,采用尼龙网袋法对华西雨屏区天然常绿阔叶林凋落物进行原位分解试验,模拟N(NH<sub>4</sub>NO<sub>3</sub>)沉降水平分别为对照(0 g N·m<sup>-2</sup>·a<sup>-1</sup>)、低氮沉降(5 g N·m<sup>-2</sup>·a<sup>-1</sup>)、中氮沉降(15 g N·m<sup>-2</sup>·a<sup>-1</sup>)和高氮沉降(30 g N·m<sup>-2</sup>·a<sup>-1</sup>),研究了N沉降对常绿阔叶林凋落物分解及其木质素和纤维素降解的影响.结果表明:华西雨屏区天然常绿阔叶林凋落物在夏季分解较快,明... | zh-cn |
pair_29732797 | The data of valuation of forest ecosystem service function (FESF) in 101 primary case studies of China were collected and obtained based on Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China (LY/T 1721-2008). FESF was then analyzed synthetically in terms of value coefficient. The results showed that th... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 基于《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T 1721—2008),搜集得到全国101个案例点的森林生态系统服务功能价值评估数据,并依据价值系数对森林生态系统服务功能进行综合分析.结果表明:中国森林生态系统服务功能单位面积总价值为6.11万元·hm<sup>-2</sup>,各项服务功能单位面积价值高低排序为涵养水源(2.44万元·hm<sup>-2</sup>)>保育土壤(1.15万元·hm<sup>-2</sup>)>生物多样性保护(1.00万元·hm<sup>-2</sup>)>固碳释氧(0.98万元·hm<sup>-2</sup>)>净化大气环境(0.28万元·hm<sup>-2</sup>)>森林游憩(0.23万元·hm... | zh-cn |
pair_29732806 | An incubation test was conducted to study the bioavailability and fractionations of exogenous arsenite [As(3)] during the aging period in three soils originated from different parent materials, including quaternary red clay, purple sandy shale and granite. The results indicated that the exogenous arsenite As(3) were to... | en | lexi-ml/wmt_22_dataset_en_zh-cn | train | text | 应用模拟试验方法,研究了外源As(Ⅲ)在第四纪红土、紫色砂页岩和花岗岩3种母质发育土壤中的老化过程,并分析了该过程中砷的有效性、结合态等的变化.结果表明: 经过120 d老化后,3种土壤中均只能检测到As(Ⅴ)的存在;伴随老化过程的进行,土壤中有效态砷的含量均呈下降趋势,且下降幅度为:紫色砂页岩发育土壤(RS<sub>2</sub>)>花岗岩发育土壤(RS<sub>3</sub>)>第四纪红土发育土壤(RS<sub>1</sub>).应用准二级动力学方程可以较好地模拟3种土壤中有效态砷含量的变化(<i>P</i>＜0.05),土壤pH、有机质及铁铝锰氧化物是影响砷老化的主要因素,且锰氧化物的影响大于铁铝氧化物(<i>P</i>＜0.... | zh-cn |
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