choices
dict
question_type
stringclasses
2 values
id
stringlengths
12
14
answer
stringlengths
1
40
youtube_url
stringlengths
42
92
metadata
dict
video
stringlengths
75
102
question
stringlengths
26
432
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stringlengths
16
43
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_400
dry unit weight
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MN7E4QeJGW4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_compaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geotechnical_engineering" ], "rationale": "The compaction achieved by the worker in the video is assessed by measuring the soil's dry unit weight. Compaction involves densifying soil by removing air, and the d...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/10.mp4
To assess the quality of the workers' work in the video, it can be measured by determining the soil's **__________**.
videos/Civil_Engineering/10.mp4
{ "A": "Inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking by binding to penicillin-binding proteins", "B": "Inhibition of the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA", "C": "Inhibition of DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II), preventing DNA replication", "D": "Inhibition of the 30S ribosomal subunit cau...
multiple-choice
validation_401
D
https://youtu.be/hSVsffyPHQw?si=nGYK6rU-UwG4RX_l
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryotic_small_ribosomal_subunit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streptomycin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanism_of_action" ], "rationale": "In th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/12.mp4
Which of the following is the mechanism of action of the most appropriate initial antibiotic treatment for this patient?
videos/Pharmacy/12.mp4
{ "A": "Production of pyrogenic exotoxin causing massive cytokine release", "B": "Hemolysin-mediated destruction of red blood cells", "C": "Neurotoxin-mediated inhibition of acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions", "D": "Antiphagocytic capsule composed of F1 antigen preventing host immune response", ...
multiple-choice
validation_402
D
https://youtu.be/hSVsffyPHQw?si=nGYK6rU-UwG4RX_l
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yersinia_pestis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubonic_plague", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_plague", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virulence_factor" ], "rationale": "The video first shows two types of mice, then displays the shape of...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/12.mp4
Based on the video, which of the following virulence factors is most responsible for the severe symptoms associated with the disease shown in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_403
2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Z6uc5gwMrI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strongly_connected_component", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjoint-set_data_structure" ], "rationale": "In the \"find(2)\" operation using the union-find data structure, the parent pointer traversal starts at element \"2\". The sequence follows: 2 -> 1 -...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/19.mp4
How many parent pointers must be followed during the `find(2)` operation to reach its representative?
videos/Computer_Science/19.mp4
{ "A": "backtracking", "B": "dynamic programming", "C": "greedy", "D": "parallel", "E": "branch and bound" }
multiple-choice
validation_404
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbveibMDHfg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimization_problem", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_programming", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursion_(computer_science)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_sequence" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/20.mp4
What kind of idea of algorithm is used in the showed video below?
videos/Computer_Science/20.mp4
{ "A": "The time complexity is O(n), because each Fibonacci number up to n is computed exactly once due to memoization.", "B": "The time complexity is O(2^n), because the recursive computation without memoization would generate an exponential number of calls.", "C": "The time complexity is O(n^2), because storing...
multiple-choice
validation_405
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbveibMDHfg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_programming", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recursion_(computer_science)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_sequence" ], "rationale": "...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/20.mp4
Which of the following statements correctly describes the time complexity of this algorithm?
videos/Computer_Science/20.mp4
{ "A": "The algorithm has a space complexity of O(1) because it only needs to store the last two computed Fibonacci numbers.", "B": "The algorithm's recursive calls form a binary tree of height O(log n), which reduces the space complexity to O(log n).", "C": "The algorithm uses top-down dynamic programming with m...
multiple-choice
validation_406
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbveibMDHfg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_programming", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_information_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bottom%E2%80%93up_and_top%E2%80%93down_design", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/20.mp4
Which of the following statements about the shown algorithm is correct?
videos/Computer_Science/20.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_407
heteronormativity
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyCTuONeBf0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heteronormativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_and_geography", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pride_(LGBTQ_culture)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_identity" ], "rationale": "The pride parade in the video exemplifies how groups c...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/8.mp4
Events in the video illustrate how groups challenge the dominant assumption of **_____**.
videos/Geography/8.mp4
{ "A": "Differences in the political environment in various places", "B": "Different levels of education", "C": "The level of economic development", "D": "The perfection of transportation infrastructure", "E": "The coverage rate of social media" }
multiple-choice
validation_408
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyCTuONeBf0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pride_parade", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_sociology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_ecology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Region" ], "rationale": "Let's analyze each option: Option...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/8.mp4
In different cities, the form of expression and participation of the this movement in video vary greatly. What factors are mainly affected by this difference?
videos/Geography/8.mp4
{ "A": "Functional Organizational Structure, with specialized departments and a clear chain of command.", "B": "Divisional Organizational Structure, organized around products, markets, or geographical regions.", "C": "Flatarchy Organizational Structure, combining flat structure and hierarchy to promote flexibilit...
multiple-choice
validation_409
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icvYU19KfDA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_organization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture" ], "rationale": "The company's modern office design with glass walls, casual attire, and employee autonomy suggests a Fla...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/6.mp4
Based on the video description, which of the following organisational structures is most likely to be embodied by the company?
videos/Management/6.mp4
{ "A": "Hierarchy Culture, emphasizing formal structure and control.", "B": "Market Culture, focusing on competitiveness and achieving goals.", "C": "Clan Culture, promoting a family-like workplace with emphasis on collaboration.", "D": "Mechanistic Culture, characterized by rigid procedures and centralization....
multiple-choice
validation_410
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=icvYU19KfDA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_culture" ], "rationale": "The company's environment, characterized by modern office design with glass walls, open visibility, and casual attire, reflects a Clan Culture. This culture emphasizes collaboration, transparency, and a friendly atmospher...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/6.mp4
Based on the video description, which of the following organizational cultures is most likely reflected by the company's environment?
videos/Management/6.mp4
{ "A": "The ball is connected to an external power supply and its speed increases under the influence of magnetic force.", "B": "The thermal energy of the ball is converted into kinetic energy, causing the speed to increase.", "C": "The speed of the ball increases due to the force of gravity.", "D": "The speed ...
multiple-choice
validation_411
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIF5TTlsl_k&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=13
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_energy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction" ], "rationale": "The initially injected steel ball moves in the magnetic fiel...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/21.mp4
Why is the final ball faster than the initial ball?
videos/Electromagnetism/21.mp4
{ "A": "The magnetic field exerts a force on the moving balls due to their motion, causing them to speed up, resulting in greater kinetic energy transfer.", "B": "Electromagnetic forces between the colliding balls repel them before contact, reducing the energy loss during the collision.", "C": "Electromagnetic in...
multiple-choice
validation_412
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIF5TTlsl_k&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=13
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday%27s_law_of_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elastic_collision" ], "rationale": "In the described experimental setup, five metal balls are restin...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/21.mp4
Which of the following best explains how electromagnetic effects influence the behavior of the metal balls?
videos/Electromagnetism/21.mp4
{ "A": "The magnetic field induces eddy currents in the moving balls that create opposing magnetic fields, significantly damping their motion and reducing the efficiency of momentum transfer during collisions.", "B": "The conductive balls, moving through the magnetic field, experience Lorentz forces that accelerate...
multiple-choice
validation_413
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BIF5TTlsl_k&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=13
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorentz_force", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenz%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction" ], "rationale": "In the described experiment, five conductive metal balls are aligne...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/21.mp4
Which of the following statement about the video is true?
videos/Electromagnetism/21.mp4
{ "A": "Hooke's Law", "B": "Newton's Laws", "C": "Bernoulli's Law", "D": "Archimedes' Law", "E": "Joule's Law" }
multiple-choice
validation_414
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq3xUc3cLrM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acceleration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of pulling a cart in motion with a certain force, and the cart is moving because the weight is pu...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/18.mp4
Which law does the experiment show in the video?
videos/Mechanics/18.mp4
{ "A": "Separation", "B": "Crystallization", "C": "Gelation", "D": "Gel dissolution", "E": "Melting" }
multiple-choice
validation_415
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4qH0oSfwvQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_chemistry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-link", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_covalent_bonding" ], "rationale": "Gelation (gel transit...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/8.mp4
What reaction is reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/8.mp4
{ "A": "Magnetic attraction due to ferromagnetic properties of the particles.", "B": "Thermal convection currents causing upward movement of particles.", "C": "Electrostatic forces causing attraction between the charged balloon and the particles.", "D": "Capillary action drawing the powder upward through liquid...
multiple-choice
validation_416
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4qH0oSfwvQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_electricity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrospinning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelatin" ], "rationale": "In the video, a red balloon is lowered towards a mound of gelatin powder o...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/8.mp4
Which phenomenon best explains the phenomenon shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/8.mp4
{ "A": "Decrease the viscosity of the polymer solution by reducing polymer concentration.", "B": "Lower the applied voltage between the spinneret (needle) and the collector.", "C": "Increase the electrical conductivity of the polymer by adding ionic salts.", "D": "Shorten the distance between the spinneret and ...
multiple-choice
validation_417
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c4qH0oSfwvQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrospinning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_resistivity_and_conductivity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanofiber" ], "rationale": "To produce finer nanofibers in electrospinning, increasing the electrical conductivity of the polymer by...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/8.mp4
Which of the following modifications to the process in the video would be most effective?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_418
NaOH
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1YKXVHTtE0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzymatic_hydrolysis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_hydroxide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ], "rationale": "After acid hydrolysis with sulfuric acid, the pH of the solution is adj...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
After acid hydrolysis with sulfuric acid, the pH of the solution in the video is adjusted using ______ .
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
{ "A": "Physical reaction", "B": "Hydrolysis reaction", "C": "Enzymatic reaction", "D": "Inorganic reaction", "E": "Physical adsorption" }
multiple-choice
validation_419
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1YKXVHTtE0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_wall", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulose", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ], "rationale": "Cellulosic, in which chains of polysa...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
What reaction process is reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
{ "A": "Extracting oils from the biomass for biodiesel production.", "B": "Enhancing the protein content of the biomass for animal feed supplements.", "C": "Converting complex polysaccharides into simple fermentable sugars for ethanol fermentation.", "D": "Synthesizing bioplastics by polymerizing monomers deriv...
multiple-choice
validation_420
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1YKXVHTtE0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignocellulosic_biomass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulosic_ethanol", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fermentation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ], "rationale": "In video, v...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
Which of the following techniques can the operations in the video be applied to?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
{ "A": "To prevent the hydrolysis of hemicellulose at inappropriate pH levels.", "B": "To effectively inactivate residual acid that could oxidize and damage the biomass.", "C": "To facilitate the precipitation of lignin components from the solution.", "D": "To optimize the pH for maximal enzymatic activity of c...
multiple-choice
validation_421
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1YKXVHTtE0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lignocellulosic_biomass", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_assay", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ], "rationale": "In the video, lignocellulosic biomasses like Moso Bamboo, Corn Stover, and ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
Which of the following best explains why precise pH adjustments are performed?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/9.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_422
frequency modulation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscilloscope" ], "rationale": "The video shows the waveform changes displayed on the oscilloscope scre...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/11.mp4
Based on the observed changes in the waveform in the video, where the frequency changes while the envelope remains constant, the modulation technique being demonstrated is **______**.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/11.mp4
{ "A": "no correct answer", "B": "peak", "C": "mean", "D": "amplitude", "E": "envelope" }
multiple-choice
validation_423
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GXLPaAxuBkU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Envelope_(waves)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude_modulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/11.mp4
What characteristic does the signal maintain during the operation?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_424
Roughness
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1qg6g3gMEA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retaining_wall", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shear_force" ], "rationale": "To enhance shear forces between a retaining wall and its backfill, the wall should have a high surface roughness. Using wooden planks as forms creates a rougher texture on the conc...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/11.mp4
To enhance the stability of the structure shown in the video, the wall should have a high surface ______.
videos/Civil_Engineering/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_425
rockfall
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNC6-8zJwAE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomorphology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion_control", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockfall", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_wasting" ], "rationale": "The large gray rocks at the base of the steep mountainside in the video are likel...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/12.mp4
Based on the scenes and environment shown in the video, the most likely geological hazard these vehicles may encounter is ______.
videos/Civil_Engineering/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_426
Act of God
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aj8Rmp8Tvv4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_disaster", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_of_God", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tort" ], "rationale": "In legal terms, natural disasters like tsunamis are classified as 'Acts of God'. This classification may limit liability under force maje...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/5.mp4
In legal terms, incidents like the condition depicted in the video are classified as an '____'.
videos/Law/5.mp4
{ "A": "No", "B": "Liability may vary depending on jurisdictional views on force majeure.", "C": "The party must prove due diligence to avoid liability.", "D": "It depends on the specific articles of the contract.", "E": "The party can be exempted from liability in some events in the video, but not in other e...
multiple-choice
validation_427
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aj8Rmp8Tvv4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_liability_insurance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure" ], "rationale": "The video showcases relatively severe natural disasters, which meet the criteria for force majeure. As a result, t...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/5.mp4
If the contractual obligations cannot be fulfilled due to the events showed in the video, whether the party need to bear the responsibility?
videos/Law/5.mp4
{ "A": "Arguing that the doctrine of reasonable expectations dictates that the policy should cover the damage shown in the video.", "B": "Asserting that Oceanic Insurance engaged in bad faith by denying the claim without proper investigation.", "C": "Contending that ambiguities in the policy language should be co...
multiple-choice
validation_428
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aj8Rmp8Tvv4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contra_proferentem", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurance_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurance_policy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "Option C is the stronge...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/5.mp4
Based on principles of insurance law and contract interpretation, which of the following arguments is most likely to support Seaside Enterprises in obtaining coverage for its loss under the circumstances in the video?
videos/Law/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_429
mastery
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhyAInK4Ozs&t=1371s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastery_learning" ], "rationale": "The boy riding off into the sunset presupposes that he has achieved mastery over riding his bike. This implies he has become proficient and confident in his ability to ride, as demonstrated by the symbolic action of riding off ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/3.mp4
At the end of the video, the boy reaches ______ in cycling.
videos/Literature/3.mp4
{ "A": "Persistence in the face of adversity leads to personal growth.", "B": "The power of competition among peers drives success.", "C": "The pursuit of knowledge without guidance leads to failure.", "D": "The inevitability of destiny shapes one's path.", "E": "The struggle between individual desires and so...
multiple-choice
validation_430
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhyAInK4Ozs&t=1371s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedagogy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_development" ], "rationale": "The narrative highlights the theme of persistence in the face of adversity leading to personal growth. The boy's determination to learn to ride his bike, despite failures, and h...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/3.mp4
Based on the narrative described in the video, which of the following themes is most prominently illustrated?
videos/Literature/3.mp4
{ "A": "Trust vs. Mistrust", "B": "Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt", "C": "Initiative vs. Guilt", "D": "Industry vs. Inferiority", "E": "Identity vs. Role Confusion" }
multiple-choice
validation_431
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uhyAInK4Ozs&t=1371s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_development_stages", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erik_Erikson", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erikson%27s_stages_of_psychosocial_development" ], "rationale": "The boy's experience of learning to ride a bike best illustrates Erik Erikson's 'Indu...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/3.mp4
Based on the video narrative, which stage of Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is most prominently illustrated?
videos/Literature/3.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_432
geomembrane
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dtm8iH2Rbhg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomembrane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosion_control" ], "rationale": "The fabric in the video is used to block groundwater, suggesting ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/13.mp4
Based on the video, considering its application and effectiveness, the material used is most likely a ______.
videos/Civil_Engineering/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_433
flow net
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4FkpTiamBLU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_net", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irrigation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwater_flow" ], "rationale": "The practice of adj...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Civil_Engineering/14.mp4
In the practice of managing irrigation as shown in the video, the adjustment of water flow paths through soil channels between crops resembles the civil engineering concept of **___**.
videos/Civil_Engineering/14.mp4
{ "A": "Recommend boiling of drinking water to prevent giardiasis transmission", "B": "Administer post-exposure prophylaxis to individuals potentially exposed to the dog", "C": "Initiate vector control measures to reduce mosquito populations in the area", "D": "Conduct mass screening for brucellosis among lives...
multiple-choice
validation_434
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTCUNn56Fpo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-exposure_prophylaxis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies_virus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies_vaccine" ], "rationale": "The dog in the video is confined in a cage and appears very excited and ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/7.mp4
Based on the scenario depicted in the video, which of the following public health interventions is most critical?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/7.mp4
{ "A": "Demyelination of central nervous system neurons due to an autoimmune response triggered by a DNA virus", "B": "Exotoxin-mediated inhibition of acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions", "C": "Retrograde axonal transport of an RNA virus leading to encephalitis", "D": "Ingestion of prion-contamina...
multiple-choice
validation_435
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTCUNn56Fpo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies_in_animals", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies_virus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies" ], "rationale": "The dog in the video is confined in a cage and appears very excited and restless. The most likely disease being described in the vid...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/7.mp4
Which of the following best explains the pathogenesis of disease?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/7.mp4
{ "A": "Market price fluctuations caused by imbalance between supply and demand", "B": "Pressure from rising labor costs", "C": "Monetary policy changes affecting investment stability", "D": "Inflationary trends due to excessive currency issuance", "E": "Financial risks and lack of supervision" }
multiple-choice
validation_436
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfJK3EJP4Yc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-estate_bubble", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_regulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Korea", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis" ], "rationale...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/4.mp4
What problem in economics does the crisis shown in the video mainly reflect?
videos/Economics/4.mp4
{ "A": "An increase in housing supply due to aggressive government construction projects.", "B": "A demographic shift leading to a decreased population and lower housing demand.", "C": "A significant increase in unemployment rates affecting consumers' purchasing power.", "D": "A tightening of monetary policy re...
multiple-choice
validation_437
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfJK3EJP4Yc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Household_debt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_rate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_bubble", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_policy" ], "rationale": "Based on the ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/4.mp4
Which of the following economic factors most likely contributed to these trends?
videos/Economics/4.mp4
{ "A": "Excess liquidity due to increased household savings.", "B": "Increased interest expenses due to higher deposit rates.", "C": "Increased competition from foreign banks entering the market.", "D": "Higher demand for corporate loans offsetting declines in housing loans.", "E": "Increased credit risk from...
multiple-choice
validation_438
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EfJK3EJP4Yc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Housing_bubble", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_services_in_South_Korea", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subprime_mortgage_crisis" ], "rationale": "Given the observed decline in the South Korea H...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/4.mp4
Which of the following is the most likely risk or challenge for the bank as a consequence of these trends shown in the video?
videos/Economics/4.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_439
VII
https://youtu.be/4zQ0aiaMA7U?si=0b8Nn7v4_xHt8Jp5
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrinolysis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiplatelet_drug", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factor_VII", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coagulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant" ], "rationale": "1. **Warfarin Mechanism:** W...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/13.mp4
Based on the video, among these factors, Factor ____ has the shortest half-life .
videos/Pharmacy/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_440
sodium-potassium pump
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%E2%80%93potassium_pump", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_transport", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrochemical_gradient", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_potential" ], ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/16.mp4
In the video, the structure on the cell membrane represents the _____.
videos/Neurobiology/16.mp4
{ "A": "K+", "B": "Cl-", "C": "Na+", "D": "H+", "E": "Ca2+" }
multiple-choice
validation_441
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yaZWMRgUVLg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmission", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium%E2%80%93potassium_pump", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resting_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage-gated_ion_channel" ], "...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/16.mp4
If this video shows an action potential of a neuron, what kind of ions are the blue dots represent for?
videos/Neurobiology/16.mp4
{ "A": "Because the plastic rod is charged, after direct contact with the iron pieces, the iron pieces acquire opposite charges, causing them to attract each other.", "B": "Because the plastic rod is charged and is not in direct contact with the iron pieces, the iron pieces are inductively charged and carry the sam...
multiple-choice
validation_442
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmDSDnAjWIE&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=1
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Static_electricity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_charge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triboelectric_effect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%27s_law" ], "rationale": "...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/16.mp4
What is the explanation of the shown phenomenon?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/16.mp4
{ "A": "The dielectric gas reduces the electric field inside the electroscope, decreasing the induced charge separation and resulting in less divergence of the leaves.", "B": "The dielectric gas increases the capacitance of the electroscope, allowing it to accumulate more net charge, which causes greater divergence...
multiple-choice
validation_443
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OmDSDnAjWIE&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=1
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroscope", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitance" ], "rationale": "The introduction of the dielectric gas increases the capacitance of the electrosco...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/16.mp4
Which of the following best explains how the introduction of the dielectric gas affects the final divergence of the leaves of the electroscope?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/16.mp4
{ "A": "Reverse transcriptase", "B": "Integrase", "C": "Protease", "D": "RNA polymerase II", "E": "DNA polymerase delta" }
multiple-choice
validation_444
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzXgCW9YcNg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_transcriptase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV/AIDS" ], "rationale": "In the context of the video depiction and HIV replication, the printer symbolizing the production of viral particles (spiked balls) cor...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/9.mp4
Based on the video depiction, which of the following enzymes is primarily responsible for the process symbolized by the printer?
videos/Basic_Medicine/9.mp4
{ "A": "diversification", "B": "vertical integration", "C": "horizontal integration", "D": "outsourcing", "E": "speculation" }
multiple-choice
validation_445
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdgzwMOVz-Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_integration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_integration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speculation", "https://en.wiki...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/2.mp4
For the company shown in the video, what is one of the method to handle the risk associated with ?
videos/Management/2.mp4
{ "A": "nonlinear vibration", "B": "Damping vibration", "C": "Harmonic vibration", "D": "Forced vibration", "E": "None of the above" }
multiple-choice
validation_446
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVqA40Itlkg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_resonance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_harmonic_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscillation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonic_oscillator" ], "rationale": "From the video, we can see clearly that as the experiment...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/19.mp4
What might the video describe?
videos/Mechanics/19.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_447
invitation to treat
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUft-XCuzV0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invitation_to_treat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "In the auction at Christie's in Hong Kong, the wooden chair displayed is le...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/6.mp4
In a video context, the items displayed are legally considered **_______**.
videos/Law/6.mp4
{ "A": "The protagonist's call for bids is an **invitation to treat**, and each bid from the bidders is an **offer**.", "B": "The protagonist's call for bids is an **offer**, and each bid from the bidders is an **acceptance**.", "C": "The protagonist's starting price constitutes a **firm offer** that cannot be re...
multiple-choice
validation_448
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MUft-XCuzV0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auction_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invitation_to_treat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "The auctioneer's call for bids is an invitation to treat, and each b...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/6.mp4
Which of the following statements best describes the legal nature of the video protagonist's behavior under the principles of contract law?
videos/Law/6.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_449
hypothalamus
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyponatremia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_water", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmoreceptor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin" ], "rationale": "According to the animation shown i...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
The phenomenon described in the video may lead to severe neurological symptoms. To maintain homeostasis and prevent this condition, receptors in the ______ detect changes in the body and adjust hormone secretion accordingly.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "Renin-angiotensin system", "B": "Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis", "C": "Adrenaline and norepinephrine", "D": "Melatonin secretion", "E": "Kallikrein-kinin system" }
multiple-choice
validation_450
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melatonin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_water", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%E2%80%93angiotensin_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
When the phenomenon in the video occurs, which of the following options is the most important to adjust?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "Activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to increase sodium reabsorption", "B": "Suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis to reduce metabolic rate", "C": "Administration of adrenaline and norepinephrine to elevate blood pressure", "D": "Decrease in vasopressin (antidiuretic h...
multiple-choice
validation_451
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrenaline", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_intoxication", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%E2%80%93angiotensin_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93thyr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
Based on the phenomenon depicted in the video, which physiological adjustment is most critical to preventing further deterioration of the patient’s nervous system?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "Administration of thiazide diuretics to reduce sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule", "B": "Administration of aldosterone antagonists to promote sodium excretion", "C": "Administration of vasopressin receptor antagonists to induce water diuresis", "D": "Administration of isotonic saline to replace l...
multiple-choice
validation_452
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ezDJ1GSXl4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineralocorticoid_receptor_antagonist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasopressin_receptor_antagonist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmopressin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyponatremia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saline_(medicine)", ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
Based on the physiological processes depicted in the video, which of the following pharmacological interventions is most appropriate?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/2.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_453
endothelium
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8C_HB2pIWY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endothelium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atheroma", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atherosclerosis" ], "rationale": "The analysis highlights that the injury to the endothelium, the innermost layer...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/10.mp4
The accumulation of substances in the arterial wall as shown in the video begins with injury to the **________** of the artery.
videos/Basic_Medicine/10.mp4
{ "A": "right", "B": "up", "C": "diagonally down-left", "D": "down", "E": "left" }
multiple-choice
validation_454
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMtclXllkbA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refractive_index", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snell%27s_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction" ], "rationale": "In the video, the first object is a glass, the fifth object is water, and the sixth object is a piece of paper with a left-point...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
If we put the first object and the fifth object together in front of the sixth object, which direction will the arrow point we see?
videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
{ "A": "refraction", "B": "reflection", "C": "polarization", "D": "interference", "E": "diffraction" }
multiple-choice
validation_455
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMtclXllkbA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_interference", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflection_(ph...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
Based on the objects shown in the video, you decide to conduct an experiment demonstrating an optical concept. Based on the experimental tools displayed in the video, which optical phenomenon is most likely to be demonstrated?
videos/Modern_Physics/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_456
Cirrhosis
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=of1rOVG-Bhk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholic_liver_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatty_liver_disease" ], "rationale": "The progression of liver pathology in the video moves from steatosis to NASH to fibrosis. The final stage is marked ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/11.mp4
The last process of the disease shown in the video is known as **_______**.
videos/Basic_Medicine/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_457
human-machine interface
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MKp2TYKNEzU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guided_vehicle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joystick", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_interface", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation" ], "rationale": "The joystick con...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/17.mp4
Fill in the blank: The joystick control used in the video is an example of a ________ that allows the operator to interact with the AGV.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/17.mp4
{ "A": "Implementing snail control programs to eliminate the intermediate host", "B": "Distributing insecticide-treated bed nets to prevent vector bites", "C": "Providing widespread vaccination against the parasite", "D": "Promoting proper cooking of fish to eliminate larval forms", "E": "Encouraging the use ...
multiple-choice
validation_458
A
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthocephala", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obligate_parasite", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preventive_healthcare" ], "rationale": "The video shows the infection process of schistosomiasis. When...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
Which of the following public health interventions is most effective in reducing the incidence of the disease shown in the video?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
{ "A": "Viral Cirrhosis", "B": "Alcoholic Cirrhosis", "C": "Symmers pipestem fibrosis", "D": "Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH)", "E": "Cardiac Cirrhosis" }
multiple-choice
validation_459
C
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibrosis" ], "rationale": "The video shows the infection process of schistosomiasis. When humans come into contact with water infected by schistosomes, the cercar...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
Which type of liver cirrhosis might the disease shown in the video cause?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
{ "A": "Microcytic anemia due to chronic intestinal blood loss", "B": "Progressive muscle weakness leading to flaccid paralysis", "C": "Hematuria and increased risk of bladder cancer", "D": "Portal hypertension resulting from periportal fibrosis", "E": "Malabsorption leading to steatorrhea and weight loss" }
multiple-choice
validation_460
D
https://youtu.be/Hx-Ly-A2y44?si=sDFrE2OyYPBLvXWb
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal_hypertension", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosomiasis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitic_worm" ], "rationale": "To determine the most likely clinical finding in chronically infected individuals based on the parasite's life cycle de...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
Which of the following clinical findings is most likely to develop in chronically infected individuals in certain regions?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_461
Cu²⁺
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8UtR7akNec
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(II)_chloride", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordination_complex" ], "rationale": "The teal color in the solution is due to the presence of Cu²⁺ ions. ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
What ionic causes the color observed in the solution after the reaction?
videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "Cu + Pb(NO3)2 → Cu(NO3)2 + Pb", "B": "Cu + 2AgNO3 → Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag", "C": "Cu + FeSO4 → CuSO4 + Fe", "D": "Cu(NO3)2 + Na2S → CuS + 2NaNO3", "E": "CuCl2 + Na2SO4 → CuSO4 + 2NaCl" }
multiple-choice
validation_462
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8UtR7akNec
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precipitation_(chemistry)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nitrate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper(II)_nitrate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be observed that a solid is plac...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
If the solution in the video is a salt solution, what is the most likely chemical reaction equation that would occur in the test tube?
videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "Iron wire immersed in magnesium sulfate solution: Fe(s) + MgSO₄(aq) → FeSO₄(aq) + Mg(s)", "B": "Copper wire immersed in silver nitrate solution: Cu(s) + 2AgNO₃(aq) → Cu(NO₃)₂(aq) + 2Ag(s)", "C": "Silver wire immersed in copper(II) sulfate solution: Ag(s) + CuSO₄(aq) → Ag₂SO₄(aq) + Cu(s)", "D": "Zinc wir...
multiple-choice
validation_463
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8UtR7akNec
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redox", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_displacement_reaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_nitrate" ], "rationale": "Option B is correct: Copper wire in silver nitrate solution. Copp...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
Which balanced chemical equation correctly represents the reaction occurring in the test tube?
videos/Chemistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_464
Faraday cage
https://youtu.be/oAYSPVQoVU8?feature=shared
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faraday_cage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_shielding", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightning_rod" ], "rationale": "The extreme weather shown in the video is a thunderstorm. Airplanes can safely continue flying after being struck by ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/17.mp4
In the extreme weather conditions shown in the video, the airplane can still fly safely. This phenomenon demonstrated in the video is due to the ______ effect.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/17.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_465
1/2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYl6uLNT9vc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_quantum_number", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_moment" ], "rationa...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
In the experiment shown in the video, the spin quantum number of the particle is ____.
videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
{ "A": "3", "B": "0", "C": "1", "D": "4", "E": "2" }
multiple-choice
validation_466
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYl6uLNT9vc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_moment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin%E2%80%93orbit_interaction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment" ], "rationale": "After passing the magnet, there are 5 ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
What is the difference number between the spin up and spin down electron?
videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
{ "A": "s' = s", "B": "s' = s/2", "C": "s' = s/sqrt{2}", "D": "s' = 2s", "E": "s' = s*sqrt{2}" }
multiple-choice
validation_467
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lYl6uLNT9vc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_moment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stern%E2%80%93Gerlach_experiment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" ], "rationale": "In the Stern-Gerlach experiment, increasing electro...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
In the experiment shown in the video, suppose the distance between the two rows of balls is s. If the speed of the balls v increases to sqrt(2) times the original speed, how will the distance between the two rows of balls, s’, change?
videos/Modern_Physics/6.mp4
{ "A": "35mm f8", "B": "35mm f1.8", "C": "350mm f1.8", "D": "300mm f8", "E": "600mm f8" }
multiple-choice
validation_468
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth_of_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-angle_lens", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel" ], "rationale": "An excerpt from the movie “The Grand Budapest Hotel�is shown in ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/6.mp4
What kind of len is best fit for the movie showed in the image
videos/Art/6.mp4
{ "A": "Stanley Kubrick", "B": "Tim Burton", "C": "Steven Spielberg", "D": "Quentin Tarantino", "E": "Wes Anderson" }
multiple-choice
validation_469
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_6dOxV0HjUA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_composition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grand_Budapest_Hotel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wes_Anderson" ], "rationale": "The video shows a scene from The Grand Budapest Hotel, featuring grand architecture, vibrant colors, symmet...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Art/6.mp4
Based on the detailed description of the hotel lobby scene, which director's stylistic trademarks are most evident in this scene?
videos/Art/6.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_470
4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth-first_search" ], "rationale": "Dur...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
During the implementation of the algorithm, after visiting node "1", the next node visited is node **___**.
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "sequential search", "B": "iterative deepening search", "C": "binary search", "D": "breadth first search", "E": "depth first search" }
multiple-choice
validation_471
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory" ], "rationale": "Pre-order traversal visits the root node first, then the left subtr...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
What kind of search algorithm is used in the video of binary search tree?
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "Stack", "B": "Priority Queue", "C": "Hash Table", "D": "Queue", "E": "Linked List" }
multiple-choice
validation_472
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIFO_(computing_and_electronics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queue_(abstract_data_type)" ], ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
To efficiently implement the algorithm in the video, which of the following data structures is essential?
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "In-order traversal", "B": "Post-order traversal", "C": "Reverse in-order traversal", "D": "Breadth-first traversal", "E": "Pre-order traversal" }
multiple-choice
validation_473
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_mdF7LKKeI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree" ], "rationale": "The depth-first traversal sequence aligns with Pre-or...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
Which traversal method is demonstrated in the video?
videos/Computer_Science/21.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_474
pralidoxime
https://youtu.be/bsOb0LEi63Q?si=gpFwHuSeYvqoAEyx
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase_inhibitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pralidoxime", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate_poisoning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_crisis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropine" ], "rationale": ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/14.mp4
For the patient in the video, if the goal is detoxification and the restoration of normal function in the damaged structures, the most appropriate antidote is __________.
videos/Pharmacy/14.mp4
{ "A": "Hydrocortisone", "B": "Diphenhydramine", "C": "Loratadine", "D": "Lorazepam", "E": "Atropine" }
multiple-choice
validation_475
E
https://youtu.be/bsOb0LEi63Q?si=gpFwHuSeYvqoAEyx
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticholinergic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate_poisoning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_crisis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atropine" ], "rationale": "Atropine can...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/14.mp4
Based on the content of the video, which of the following medications can be used for the emergency treatment of the symptoms exhibited by the individual in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/14.mp4
{ "A": "EGF", "B": "VEGF", "C": "CD2AP", "D": "IL-6", "E": "PDGF" }
multiple-choice
validation_476
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qBu1kQMxiJo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_6", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wound_healing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidermal_growth_factor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytokine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_factor" ], "rationale": "According to the vide...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/12.mp4
Which of the following growth factors/cytokines is NOT involved in the process in the vedio?
videos/Basic_Medicine/12.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_477
Affiliation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4X23LHu0IpY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_behavior", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Need_for_affiliation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Need_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Managerial_psychology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_Dynamics" ], "rationale": "The...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/7.mp4
According to McClelland's Needs Theory, the scenario in the video indicates a high need for **______**.
videos/Management/7.mp4
{ "A": "20Hz,50-70Hz", "B": "250Hz,400-650Hz", "C": "2Hz,5-7Hz", "D": "150Hz,300-450Hz", "E": "200Hz,500-700Hz" }
multiple-choice
validation_478
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=51IWqAWPjNI&t=811s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band-stop_filter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filter_(signal_processing)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency_response", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bandwidth_(signal_processing)" ], "rationale": "The bandwidth of the filter is the diffe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/18.mp4
What is the bandwidth of the filter in the video? What is the wavelength range that the filter can pass through?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/18.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_479
lower
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNRkZ3N73kk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node_of_Ranvier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltatory_conduction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience" ], "rationale": "Saltatory conduction r...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/17.mp4
The video shows an animation of biological signals propagating through neurons. Between the two neurons (upper and lower one), the _______ neuron demonstrates more efficient action potential conduction.
videos/Neurobiology/17.mp4
{ "A": "Saltatory conduction", "B": "Segmental conduction", "C": "Complex conduction", "D": "Continuous conduction", "E": "Passive conduction" }
multiple-choice
validation_480
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WNRkZ3N73kk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Node_of_Ranvier", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saltatory_conduction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Action_potential", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelin" ], "rationale": "According to the video content...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/17.mp4
How does the action potential propagate along the axon of the left neuron in this video?
videos/Neurobiology/17.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_481
void
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x4lbNF8N1UI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossibility_of_performance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_majeure" ], "rationale": "If goods are destroyed by an unforeseen event like a storm before the risk of loss transfers to the buyer, the seller ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/7.mp4
Under the seller's obligations, the contract is **(__________)** if the goods are subject to video before sale.
videos/Law/7.mp4
{ "A": "The broad and low-lying coastal plains of the region, which allowed tsunami waves to travel far inland", "B": "The steep mountainous terrain immediately adjacent to the coastline, which funneled waves into narrow valleys", "C": "The dense urban infrastructure along the coast, which amplified the tsunami's...
multiple-choice
validation_482
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJ7uUw1Jx5Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sendai", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coastal_flooding" ], "rationale": "The broad and low-lying coastal plains of the Sendai region most significantly contributed to the extent o...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/9.mp4
Which of the following geographic factors most significantly contributed to the extent of inland flooding observed during the event?
videos/Geography/9.mp4
{ "A": "The area was protected by a series of offshore barriers that absorbed the tsunami's energy before it reached the shore.", "B": "The region was already submerged underwater before the tsunami, so no additional inundation was observed.", "C": "The area consists of high-elevation mountainous terrain that was...
multiple-choice
validation_483
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJ7uUw1Jx5Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mountain_ranges" ], "rationale": "The unchanged grayscale area in the northeast corner of the map during the tsunami event is best e...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/9.mp4
Which of the following best explains why the grayscale area in the northeast corner of the map remained unchanged during the event?
videos/Geography/9.mp4
{ "A": "Translation risk", "B": "Economic risk", "C": "Supply chain risk", "D": "Transaction risk", "E": "All of the above" }
multiple-choice
validation_484
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m30bUKaNfhY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinational_corporation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_risk", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risk_analysis_(business)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain_risk_management" ], "rationale": "According to the video, the com...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Economics/5.mp4
For the company shown in the video, what kind of risk should it pay special attention to when trading?
videos/Economics/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_485
four
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KO5qGt3Pq5g
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glockenspiel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinematics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotic_arm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degrees_of_freedom_(mechanics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation" ], "rationale": "During the task, t...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/18.mp4
The robot uses _______ degrees of freedom to complete the task.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/18.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_486
8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=46HwsWfZbRU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sorting_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_sort", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_complexity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubble_sort" ], "rationale": "To sort the sequence [5, 1, 4, 8, 0, 6] using bubble sort, a total of 8...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/22.mp4
The total number of swap operations required to sort the sequence from the initial setting in the video is _____. (including the swaps not yet demonstrated in the video)
videos/Computer_Science/22.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_487
Oculomotor nerve
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BfeJR38PRR8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculomotor_nerve", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinger%E2%80%93Westphal_nucleus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pupillary_light_reflex", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_ganglion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasympathetic_nervous_syst...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Neurobiology/18.mp4
The test in the video activates the phenomenon of human reflexes caused by ______ nerves.
videos/Neurobiology/18.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_488
thermal radiation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f2HY4HmSzg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_radiation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crookes_radiometer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics" ], "rationale": "The experiment showcases thermal radiation as the driving force for...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
In the described experiment, the rotation of the vanes is primarily caused by the thermal phenomenon known as **______**.
videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
{ "A": "Thermal radiation. Heat is transferred from the paper to the outside world.", "B": "Thermal convection. Heat is transferred from the outside to the paper.", "C": "Heat conduction. Heat is transferred from the paper to the outside world.", "D": "Thermal radiation. Heat is transferred from the outside to ...
multiple-choice
validation_489
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f2HY4HmSzg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_radiation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conduction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermodynamics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_(heat_transfer)" ], "rationale": "Acc...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
What kind of heat transfer phenomenon occurs in the video?
videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
{ "A": "The device will not rotate", "B": "View from above, the device will rotate clockwise at a faster speed", "C": "View from above, the device will rotate clockwise at a slower speed", "D": "View from above, the device will rotate counterclockwise at a faster speed", "E": "View from above, the device will...
multiple-choice
validation_490
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f2HY4HmSzg
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_pressure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crookes_radiometer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_transpiration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_transfer" ], "rationale": "If the silver page is painted black, the temperature differ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
In the video, what phenomenon would occur if the silver side of the blade is painted black?
videos/Thermodynamics/4.mp4
{ "A": "The proximity of the metal rod induces opposite charges on the near side of the sphere, neutralizing its net charge locally, preventing further discharges.", "B": "The metal rod causes a redistribution of charges on the sphere's surface, increasing the electric field between the rod and sphere, which ionize...
multiple-choice
validation_491
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mDvcfj2TMG4&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=18
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrostatic_induction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corona_discharge", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_density" ], "rationale": ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electromagnetism/22.mp4
Which of the following best explains the phenomenon in the video?
videos/Electromagnetism/22.mp4
{ "A": "The speed increment is the same each time.", "B": "The speed increments get smaller and smaller each time.", "C": "Each speed increment first increases and then decreases.", "D": "The speed increments get bigger each time.", "E": "Each speed increment first decreases and then increases." }
multiple-choice
validation_492
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zL0IuRI_2Aw&list=PL_R7YJHCNd4eSlkX9YX0V4_UcWYCeMpk7&index=10
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_energy" ], "rationale": "The distance between each magnet in the video is consistent, and the increase in the bead's kinetic energy remains constant ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/19.mp4
How does the increment in the bead's velocity change with each collision with the next magnet?
videos/Electrical_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "Ca+H2O->Ca(OH)2+H2", "B": "Ba+H2O->Ba(OH)2+H2", "C": "Na+H2O->NaOH+H2", "D": "K+H2O->KOH+H2", "E": "Mg+H2O->Mg(OH)2+H2" }
multiple-choice
validation_493
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmcfsEEogxs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium_hydroxide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction" ], "rationale": "From the video, it can be seen that the solid reacted vigorously when added to...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
Which of the following chemical reactions is most likely occurring when the solid is added to the solution in the video?
videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
{ "A": "Sodium (Na), an alkali metal in Group 1 with one valence electron", "B": "Magnesium (Mg), an alkaline earth metal in Group 2 with two valence electrons", "C": "Aluminum (Al), a post-transition metal in Group 13 with three valence electrons", "D": "Carbon (C), a nonmetal in Group 14 with four valence ele...
multiple-choice
validation_494
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dmcfsEEogxs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali_metal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenolphthalein" ], "rationale": "Considering its position in the periodic table and its chemical reactivity with water, the silver-colored pellet is likely Sodium (Na)...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
Based on the observations described in the video, which of the following elements most likely corresponds to the substance added to the water?
videos/Chemistry/6.mp4
{ "A": "Insertion into an AVL Tree", "B": "Breadth-First Search (BFS) traversal of a binary tree", "C": "Construction of a Complete Binary Heap", "D": "Depth-First Search (DFS) traversal of a binary tree", "E": "Insertion into a Red-Black Tree" }
multiple-choice
validation_495
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKkEC-x5xas
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rotation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_tree" ], "rat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
Which of the following operations or data structures is most accurately being depicted in the animation?
videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
{ "A": "The tree is a complete binary tree.", "B": "The tree is a perfect binary tree.", "C": "The tree is a binary search tree.", "D": "The tree is a red-black tree maintaining balanced black-heights.", "E": "The tree is an AVL tree." }
multiple-choice
validation_496
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKkEC-x5xas
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Introduction_to_Algorithms", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rotation" ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
Which of the following properties does the resulting tree satisfy?
videos/Computer_Science/23.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_497
stepper motor
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9NzlfX5X_W8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stepper_motor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_robot", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_actuator", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automation" ], "rationale": "The delta robot, used for precise ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/19.mp4
The type of motor most likely used at the top of the robot is a **________**.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/19.mp4
{ "A": "Oxidative degradation", "B": "Molecular chain polymerization", "C": "Enzymatic degradation", "D": "Hydrolysis", "E": "Bulk degradation" }
multiple-choice
validation_498
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEVMeCMtw9Y
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_chemistry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carboxylic_acid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_polymer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis" ], "rationale": "Hydrolysis is the most ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/10.mp4
What chemical process is reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/10.mp4
{ "A": "Angular momentum", "B": "Linear momentum", "C": "Acceleration", "D": "Support force", "E": "Gravity" }
multiple-choice
validation_499
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WwczA-Q1knY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_mechanics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angular_momentum", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation" ], "rationale": "As you can see from the video, the wheel itself, which is rotating, does not fall and lose balance immediately after one end...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanics/20.mp4
What is the most likely experiment the video is conducting
videos/Mechanics/20.mp4