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1,546 | First Complete Genome Sequence of a French Bovine coronavirus Strain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5477389/
SHA: eef0ecf5b8e7b179dadaef967e65f2ab68f021e1
Authors: Kin, Nathalie; Guerard, Pauline; Diancourt, Laure; Caro, Valérie; Vabret, Astrid; Ar Gouilh, Meriadeg
Date: 2017-05-25
DOI: 10.1128/genomea... | What is the size of bovine coronavirus? | false | 917 | {
"text": [
"31 kb"
],
"answer_start": [
840
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} |
1,597 | Efficient generation of recombinant RNA viruses using targeted recombination-mediated mutagenesis of bacterial artificial chromosomes containing full-length cDNA
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3840674/
SHA: ef38ed2f4cc96e16ce011623cc5d15d2d8ca58c3
Authors: Rasmussen, Thomas Bruun; Risager, Peter Christ... | The BAC differed from the parental cDNA sequence by what amino acid substitutions? | false | 5,246 | {
"text": [
"aa"
],
"answer_start": [
26501
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} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What is the lower airway the site of? | false | 3,876 | {
"text": [
"dysregulated inflammation in most chronic airway inflammatory diseases"
],
"answer_start": [
5246
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} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What were the VRPs derived from VEE developed for? | false | 1,572 | {
"text": [
"as candidate vaccines for cytomegalovirus (CMV)"
],
"answer_start": [
18710
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} |
1,554 | Multimodal Imaging in an Unusual Cluster of Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5444036/
SHA: ee3cc22161595e877450737882a52950fd179672
Authors: Gal-Or, Orly; Priel, Ethan; Rosenblatt, Irit; Shulman, Shiri; Kramer, Michal
Date: 2017-05-11
DOI: 10.1155/2017/7535320
Licen... | What type of clinical test can differentiate multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) from optic neuritis? | false | 584 | {
"text": [
"multimodal imaging"
],
"answer_start": [
13925
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} |
1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | When does generally MERS infection does not trigger a detectable immune response? | false | 4,242 | {
"text": [
"if only mild disease or asymptomatic infection results"
],
"answer_start": [
21425
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} |
1,576 | Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/
SHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27
Authors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; Zhu, Guangj... | What type of coronavirus was detected in R. affinis and R. sinicus species? | false | 3,683 | {
"text": [
"BtCoV/Rh/YN2012"
],
"answer_start": [
11997
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} |
2,459 | No credible evidence supporting claims of the laboratory engineering of SARS-CoV-2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054935/
SHA: 5a9154aee79901dd8fecd58b7bcd9b7351102d24
Authors: Liu, Shan-Lu; Saif, Linda J.; Weiss, Susan R.; Su, Lishan
Date: 2020-02-26
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1733440
License: cc-by
... | Why is it highly unlikely that RaTG13 CoV is the immediate source of SARS-CoV-2. | false | 3,596 | {
"text": [
"are distributed throughout the genome in a naturally occurring pattern following the evolutionary characteristics typical of CoVs"
],
"answer_start": [
1737
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} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is the advantage of AAV vector? | false | 1,559 | {
"text": [
"Like rAd vectors, rAAV have broad tropism infecting a variety of hosts, tissues, and proliferating and non-proliferating cell types"
],
"answer_start": [
13644
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} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What is the threshold sensitivity of Real time PCR? | false | 3,640 | {
"text": [
"10 genome equivalents per reaction"
],
"answer_start": [
10010
]
} |
1,627 | Regulation and Maintenance of an Adoptive T-Cell Dependent Memory B Cell Pool
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5120830/
SHA: f4a82ad66962355ffb09e4d1b57fde3e94f0ec53
Authors: Anson, Marie; Amado, Inês; Mailhé, Marie-Pierre; Donnadieu, Emmanuel; Garcia, Sylvie; Huetz, François; Freitas, Antonio A.
Date: 2... | What is required to establish a secondary immune response to a viral infection? | false | 4,255 | {
"text": [
"the generation of antigen-specific \"memory\" B and T lymphocytes"
],
"answer_start": [
1972
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} |
2,432 | Factors Associated With Mental Health Outcomes Among Health Care Workers Exposed to Coronavirus Disease 2019
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7090843/
SHA: 0a08fddd9dcee1b1254a05b49113521bbc423ccd
Authors: Lai, Jianbo; Ma, Simeng; Wang, Ying; Cai, Zhongxiang; Hu, Jianbo; Wei, Ning; Wu, Jiang; Du, Hui; Ch... | What are the conclusions of this study? | false | 3,468 | {
"text": [
"In this survey of heath care workers in hospitals equipped with fever clinics or wards for patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan and other regions in China, participants reported experiencing psychological burden, especially nurses, women, those in Wuhan, and frontline health care workers directly engaged ... |
1,661 | Neutralization Interfering Antibodies: A “Novel” Example of Humoral Immune Dysfunction Facilitating Viral Escape?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499828/
SHA: f4f75af02b7226c5b2363de1a75821a4b9b20412
Authors: Nicasio, Mancini; Sautto, Giuseppe; Clementi, Nicola; Diotti, Roberta A.; Criscuolo, Elena; Ca... | Why has it been difficult to develop a therapy for the Hepatitis C virus? | false | 5,167 | {
"text": [
"high mutation rate"
],
"answer_start": [
6483
]
} |
1,623 | Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses from Sentinel Network Practitioners in Réunion Island, 2011-2012
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5031398/
SHA: f5ff89ebfdd0375d034c112c6c1c7e163fa69a0c
Authors: Brottet, Elise; Jaffar-Bandjee, Marie-Christine; Li-Pat-Yuen, Ghislaine; Filleul, Laurent
Date: 2016-09-21... | What are the objectives of the study? | false | 4,100 | {
"text": [
"to characterize respiratory pathogens responsible for ILI consultations in sentinel GPs in 2011 and 2012. Secondary objectives were to highlight seasonal trends on respiratory pathogens circulation and to describe occurrence of co-infections, especially during the flu season."
],
"answer_start": ... |
1,571 | Community-acquired pneumonia in children — a changing spectrum of disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608782/
SHA: eecb946b106a94f26a79a964f0160e8e16f79f42
Authors: le Roux, David M.; Zar, Heather J.
Date: 2017-09-21
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3827-8
License: cc-by
Abstract: Pneumonia remains the lea... | Which is the best method to identify pneumonia in a person? | false | 518 | {
"text": [
"Chest radiologic changes have been considered the gold standard for defining a pneumonia event"
],
"answer_start": [
5040
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} |
1,686 | Nucleolar Protein Trafficking in Response to HIV-1 Tat: Rewiring the Nucleolus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499507/
SHA: efa871aeaf22cbd0ce30e8bd1cb3d1afff2a98f9
Authors: Jarboui, Mohamed Ali; Bidoia, Carlo; Woods, Elena; Roe, Barbara; Wynne, Kieran; Elia, Giuliano; Hall, William W.; Gautier, Virgin... | How many proteins displayed a significant fold change? | false | 5,147 | {
"text": [
"49"
],
"answer_start": [
34212
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} |
1,660 | Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185593/
SHA: efe13a8d42b60ef9f7387ea539a1b2eeb5f80101
Authors: Hjelle, Brian; Torres-Pérez, Fernando
Date: 2010-11-25
DOI: 10.3390/v2122559
License: cc-by
Abstract: The continued emergence and re-emergenc... | What was identified as the reservoir of SNV? | false | 4,461 | {
"text": [
"the rodent Peromyscus maniculatus (deer mouse)"
],
"answer_start": [
3391
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} |
1,548 | The First Detection of Equine Coronavirus in Adult Horses and Foals in Ireland
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6832964/
SHA: eee5a9068ade4c6776f189045115a90a5785e983
Authors: Nemoto, Manabu; Schofield, Warren; Cullinane, Ann
Date: 2019-10-14
DOI: 10.3390/v11100946
License: cc-by
Abstract: The objective... | What suggests that Irish equine coronaviruses may have a low genetic diversity? | false | 2,127 | {
"text": [
"high level of homology between viruses"
],
"answer_start": [
10276
]
} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is the advantage of oral capsule and intranasal deliveries? | false | 1,512 | {
"text": [
"induce robust mucosal immune responses and may bypass preexisting vector immunity"
],
"answer_start": [
9070
]
} |
1,687 | Interactome analysis of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein in infected cells reveals ATPase Na(+)/K(+) transporting subunit Alpha 1 and prohibitin as host-cell factors involved in the life cycle of mammarenaviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5834214/
SHA: efbd0dfc426da5dd25ce29411d... | What type of vaccine is JUNV, Candid#1? | false | 5,152 | {
"text": [
"live attenuated"
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
1,620 | A missense mutation in Katnal1 underlies behavioural, neurological and ciliary anomalies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5761721/
SHA: f4cebabd74b16e710fb41a737d8ef84b7d565d8d
Authors: Banks, G; Lassi, G; Hoerder-Suabedissen, A; Tinarelli, F; Simon, M M; Wilcox, A; Lau, P; Lawson, T N; Johnson, S; Rutma... | What CNS functions are changed by mutations in the KATNAL1 gene? | false | 932 | {
"text": [
"circadian rhythms, sleep and behaviour"
],
"answer_start": [
20200
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} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What enhancements to the molecular tests were looked at? | false | 3,639 | {
"text": [
"Studies looked at using nested PCR to include a pre-amplification step or incorporating N gene as an additional sensitive molecular marker to improve on the sensitivity"
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
1,545 | Species‐specific clinical characteristics of human coronavirus infection among otherwise healthy adolescents and adults
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5820427/
SHA: edfe02a438fa9b667313da8f03614303fc2a4a14
Authors: Bouvier, Monique; Chen, Wei‐Ju; Arnold, John C.; Fairchok, Mary P.; Danaher, Patrick J.;... | What causes the outbreak of SARS and MERS. | false | 1,717 | {
"text": [
"Highly virulent species of HCoV"
],
"answer_start": [
1276
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} |
1,601 | Pandemic Influenza Due to pH1N1/2009 Virus: Estimation of Infection Burden in Reunion Island through a Prospective Serosurvey, Austral Winter 2009
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3183080/
SHA: ee6d70a53e3262cea6f85bd8b226f6b4c8b5f64b
Authors: Dellagi, Koussay; Rollot, Olivier; Temmam, Sarah; Salez, Nico... | What is the classical cutoff value for antibody titers? | false | 5,257 | {
"text": [
"1/40"
],
"answer_start": [
22699
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} |
188 | The Battle Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Emergency Management
and Infection Control in a Radiology Department
https://www.jacr.org/article/S1546-1440(20)30285-4/pdf
Journal Pre-proof
Zixing Huang, Shuang Zhao, Zhenlin Li, Weixia Chen, Lihong Zhao, Lipeng Deng, Bin
Song
PII: S1546-1440(20)30285-4
DOI: htt... | What must be done to assist in recognition of the disease on images and to allow accurate reporting
of these findings? | false | 2,459 | {
"text": [
"All typical and atypical imaging features of the disease should be made known to\nall radiologists"
],
"answer_start": [
22369
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} |
1,560 | Relationship between hepcidin and oxidant/antioxidant status in calves with suspected neonatal septicemia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5146304/
SHA: efcd7d171bb51acf2ef0a631901900497957a3be
Authors: Erkilic, E. E.; Erdogan, H. M.; Ogun, M.; Kirmizigul, A. H.; Gokce, E.; Kuru, M.; Kukurt, A.
Date: 201... | How does hepcidin affect macrophages? | false | 2,138 | {
"text": [
"regulation of Fe release"
],
"answer_start": [
3372
]
} |
1,660 | Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185593/
SHA: efe13a8d42b60ef9f7387ea539a1b2eeb5f80101
Authors: Hjelle, Brian; Torres-Pérez, Fernando
Date: 2010-11-25
DOI: 10.3390/v2122559
License: cc-by
Abstract: The continued emergence and re-emergenc... | What is a dominant negative inhibitor? | false | 4,507 | {
"text": [
"dynamitin"
],
"answer_start": [
14082
]
} |
1,573 | Epidemiology of HBoV1 infection and relationship with meteorological conditions in hospitalized pediatric patients with acute respiratory illness: a 7-year study in a subtropical region
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6048719/
SHA: f2f78c95ab378a31bd35dc1de84e0ec75eb7ce1b
Authors: Liu, Wen-Kuan; Liu, Qi... | When was HBoV1 first identified? | false | 3,270 | {
"text": [
"2005"
],
"answer_start": [
2361
]
} |
2,669 | Frontiers in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1115
SHA: facbfdfa7189ca9ff83dc30e5d241ab22e962dbf
Authors: Heaton, Steven M
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1115
License: cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Globally, recent decades have witnessed a growing disjunction, a 'Valley of Death' 1,2 no l... | What can be done with the 'brake' on the immune system? | false | 4,150 | {
"text": [
"may ultimately be toggled therapeutically"
],
"answer_start": [
4724
]
} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | How were the assays selected ? | false | 3,672 | {
"text": [
"based on the match against 2019-nCoV upon inspection of the sequence alignment."
],
"answer_start": [
21000
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} |
1,596 | Glycyrrhizin Exerts Antioxidative Effects in H5N1 Influenza A Virus-Infected Cells and Inhibits Virus Replication and Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3096629/
SHA: f3b7f4469ac01f1ce916d24172570c43c537627e
Authors: Michaelis, Martin; Geiler, Janina; Naczk, Patrizia; Sithi... | What is the effect of Glycyrrhizin in viral infections? | false | 5,238 | {
"text": [
"interfere with replication and/or cytopathogenic effect (CPE) induction of many viruses"
],
"answer_start": [
3437
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} |
1,656 | Improved Pharmacological and Structural Properties of HIV Fusion Inhibitor AP3 over Enfuvirtide: Highlighting Advantages of Artificial Peptide Strategy
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4541410/
SHA: f2fcc16391f946c99717b63ec9a24e5384aac381
Authors: Zhu, Xiaojie; Zhu, Yun; Ye, Sheng; Wang, Qian; Xu, Wei; ... | What figure shows that AP3 exhibited higher inhibitory activities on infection by HIV-1 IIIB and HIV-1 Bal strains? | false | 2,259 | {
"text": [
"Fig. 1b"
],
"answer_start": [
5177
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} |
1,603 | Genome Sequences of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus: In Vivo and In Vitro Phenotypes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4056290/
SHA: f6d6d7efc1686a7d219ecfc55f9a48ce72d4fb00
Authors: Lawrence, Paulraj K.; Bumgardner, Eric; Bey, Russell F.; Stine, Douglas; Bumgarner, Roger E.
Date: 2014-06-12
DOI: 10.1128/... | How does PEDV spread? | false | 5,266 | {
"text": [
"fecal-oral contact"
],
"answer_start": [
1335
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} |
2,642 | First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7068164/
SHA: ce358c18aac69fc83c7b2e9a7dca4a43b0f60e2e
Authors: Spiteri, Gianfranco; Fielding, James; Diercke, Michaela; Campese, Christine; Enouf, Vincent; Gayma... | In how many cases the symptoms at diagnosis were consistent with the case definition for acute respiratory infection? | false | 3,822 | {
"text": [
"In 16 of 29 symptomatic cases"
],
"answer_start": [
7578
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} |
2,642 | First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7068164/
SHA: ce358c18aac69fc83c7b2e9a7dca4a43b0f60e2e
Authors: Spiteri, Gianfranco; Fielding, James; Diercke, Michaela; Campese, Christine; Enouf, Vincent; Gayma... | Why is understanding the infection-severity critical ? | false | 3,841 | {
"text": [
"to help plan for the impact on the healthcare system and the wider population."
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What did the trial on SAB-301 demonstrate? | false | 3,691 | {
"text": [
"to be safe and well-tolerated at single doses."
],
"answer_start": [
16296
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} |
1,671 | Host resilience to emerging coronaviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079962/
SHA: f7cfc37ea164f16393d7f4f3f2b32214dea1ded4
Authors: Jamieson, Amanda M
Date: 2016-07-01
DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0060
License: cc-by
Abstract: Recently, two coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus an... | What was the reservoir for SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV? | false | 1,258 | {
"text": [
"animal reservoirs"
],
"answer_start": [
1990
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} |
1,551 | Demographic Variations of MERS-CoV Infection among Suspected and Confirmed Cases: An Epidemiological Analysis of Laboratory-Based Data from Riyadh Regional Laboratory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049846/
SHA: edee452881f826fb72c58ee68a982789b12aa99d
Authors: Altamimi, Asmaa; Abu-Saris, Raghib; El-Me... | Which is the source animal for the MERS-COV? | false | 560 | {
"text": [
"Dromedary camels are the major animal source of MERS-CoV transmission to humans."
],
"answer_start": [
3322
]
} |
1,604 | Emergent severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by adenovirus type 55 in immunocompetent adults in 2013: a prospective observational study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4243941/
SHA: f5b706d0529bfcf7e2d1dfc037df5b6f95fc5ec0
Authors: Sun, Bing; He, Hangyong; Wang, Zheng; Qu, Jiuxin; Li, Xuya... | What are the most common clinical manifestations of severe human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) induced ARDS? | false | 3,254 | {
"text": [
"Persistent high fever, dyspnea and rapid progression to respiratory failure within 2 weeks, together with bilateral consolidations and infiltrates at the same time, are the most frequent clinical manifestations"
],
"answer_start": [
13068
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} |
2,463 | SARS to novel coronavirus – old lessons and new lessons
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7026896/
SHA: 5d254ed178c092d3639ce70ae9653593acc471f9
Authors: McCloskey, Brian; Heymann, David L.
Date: 2020-02-05
DOI: 10.1017/s0950268820000254
License: cc-by
Abstract: The response to the novel coronavirus outb... | Who is at risk when health workers fail to wash their hands? | false | 1,215 | {
"text": [
"the health worker, but also for their families and the communities in which they live"
],
"answer_start": [
8967
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} |
1,629 | The Intranasal Application of Zanamivir and Carrageenan Is Synergistically Active against Influenza A Virus in the Murine Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4459876/
SHA: f0b1fa4036434b57c8307d43c39a4193f7e8053a
Authors: Morokutti-Kurz, Martina; König-Schuster, Marielle; Koller, Christiane; Graf, Chr... | What is the anti-influenza benefit of carageenan? | false | 2,159 | {
"text": [
"anti-influenza activity was shown by subgroup analysis of 49 influenza infected patients who benefited from a 3.3 days faster recovery from symptoms"
],
"answer_start": [
6351
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} |
2,668 | 2019-nCoV: The Identify-Isolate-Inform (3I) Tool Applied to a Novel Emerging Coronavirus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7081861/
SHA: f323af9a07cc54faf9bdbabadaacb0e8b46f99a2
Authors: Koenig, Kristi L.; Beÿ, Christian K.; McDonald, Eric C.
Date: 2020-01-31
DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2020.1.46760
License: cc-... | How long is the incubation time for COVID19? | false | 2,196 | {
"text": [
"between 2 and 14 days"
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"answer_start": [
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1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What is the appealing quality of the NDV vector? | false | 1,585 | {
"text": [
"pathogenicity of NDV is largely determined by features of the fusion protein enabling ready attenuation of the vaccine vector"
],
"answer_start": [
23396
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1,571 | Community-acquired pneumonia in children — a changing spectrum of disease
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5608782/
SHA: eecb946b106a94f26a79a964f0160e8e16f79f42
Authors: le Roux, David M.; Zar, Heather J.
Date: 2017-09-21
DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3827-8
License: cc-by
Abstract: Pneumonia remains the lea... | How have the incidence Empyema been reduced? | false | 532 | {
"text": [
"These trends have been reversed since the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination-13. Data from the United States suggest that empyema decreased by 50% in children younger than 5 years"
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
2,642 | First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7068164/
SHA: ce358c18aac69fc83c7b2e9a7dca4a43b0f60e2e
Authors: Spiteri, Gianfranco; Fielding, James; Diercke, Michaela; Campese, Christine; Enouf, Vincent; Gayma... | What was common to all imported cases? | false | 3,838 | {
"text": [
"had a history of travel to China"
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1,652 | Deep sequencing of primary human lung epithelial cells challenged with H5N1 influenza virus reveals a proviral role for CEACAM1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6195505/
SHA: ef58c6e981a08c85d2c0efb80e5b32b075f660b4
Authors: Ye, Siying; Cowled, Christopher J.; Yap, Cheng-Hon; Stambas, John
Date: 2018-10-... | How many influenza-related deaths are reported each year? | false | 1,940 | {
"text": [
"over 250 000"
],
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} |
2,643 | Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in complex humanitarian crises
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085188/
SHA: d013e42811c6442b184da3b9bbfd9e334031a975
Authors: Poole, Danielle N.; Escudero, Daniel J.; Gostin, Lawrence O.; Leblang, David; Talbot, Elizabeth A.
Date: 2020-03-21
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-0... | For whom does the SARS-COV-2 pose a great threat? | false | 1,910 | {
"text": [
"those in complex humanitarian crises, which lack the infrastructure, support, and health systems to mount a comprehensive response."
],
"answer_start": [
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} |
1,698 | Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064339/
SHA: f2cc0d63ff2c4aaa127c4caae21d8f3a0067e3d5
Authors: Brook, Cara E; Boots, Mike; Chandran, Kartik; Dobson, Andrew P; Drosten, Christian; Graham, Andrea L; Grenfell, Bryan T; ... | What cells demonstrate idiosyncratic interferon response? | false | 2,737 | {
"text": [
"RoNi/7.1 (Rousettus aegyptiacus) cells"
],
"answer_start": [
9498
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} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What happens upon infection? | false | 3,941 | {
"text": [
"viruses evoke an inflammatory response as a means of counteracting the infection."
],
"answer_start": [
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]
} |
185 | CDC Summary 21 MAR 2020,
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/summary.html
This is a rapidly evolving situation and CDC will provide updated information and guidance as it becomes available.
Updated March 21, 2020
CDC is responding to a pandemic of respiratory disease spreading from person-to-pers... | What kind of test can diagnose COVID-19? | false | 238 | {
"text": [
"rRT-PCR test"
],
"answer_start": [
13059
]
} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | In how many days do the symptoms arise? | false | 2,496 | {
"text": [
"4-7"
],
"answer_start": [
5481
]
} |
776 | It is Unlikely That Influenza Viruses Will Cause a Pandemic Again Like What Happened in 1918 and 1919
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019839/
Song, Liting
2014-05-07
DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00039
License:cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Influenza and influenza viruses are wellknown popular topics to medical p... | What problems were faced by medical staff during the 1918 epidemic? | false | 291 | {
"text": [
"in 1918 and 1919, physicians and nurses almost had nothing in their hands to help individuals who were infected by influenza viruses. T"
],
"answer_start": [
3392
]
} |
2,526 | Epidemiological research priorities for public health control of the ongoing global novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7029449/
SHA: 90de2d957e1960b948b8c38c9877f9eca983f9eb
Authors: Cowling, Benjamin J; Leung, Gabriel M
Date: 2020-02-13
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es.2020... | What, beyond the assessment of severity, is important? | false | 2,986 | {
"text": [
"to determine high risk groups."
],
"answer_start": [
7896
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} |
1,589 | Controlled efficacy trial confirming toltrazuril resistance in a field isolate of ovine Eimeria spp.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034276/
SHA: ef000d8cdab3895e2321286f16cce2b8aea458d1
Authors: Odden, Ane; Enemark, Heidi L.; Ruiz, Antonio; Robertson, Lucy J.; Ersdal, Cecilie; Nes, Silje K.; Tømmerber... | What test can detect reduced anticoccidial efficacy in the field? | false | 593 | {
"text": [
"faecal oocyst count reduction test (FOCRT)"
],
"answer_start": [
3349
]
} |
1,674 | Beyond phage display: non-traditional applications of the filamentous bacteriophage as a vaccine carrier, therapeutic biologic, and bioconjugation scaffold
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523942/
SHA: f00f183d0bce0091a02349ec1eab44a76dad9bc4
Authors: Henry, Kevin A.; Arbabi-Ghahroudi, Mehdi; Scott, Jam... | How may the display be achieved? | false | 1,735 | {
"text": [
"by fusing DNA encoding a polypeptide of interest directly to the gene encoding a coat protein within the phage genome (type 8 display on pVIII, type 3 display on pIII, etc.)"
],
"answer_start": [
5775
]
} |
1,607 | A Schiff Base-Derived Copper (II) Complex Is a Potent Inducer of Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells by Activating the Intrinsic Pathway
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3967396/
SHA: f1f24521928f5d8565a15a17bd7f79239a3d4116
Authors: Hajrezaie, Maryam; Paydar, Mohammadjavad; Zorofchian Moghadamtousi, Soheil;... | What was the focus of this study? | false | 5,277 | {
"text": [
"the antiproliferative effect of a copper (II) complex on HT-29 colon cancer cells"
],
"answer_start": [
856
]
} |
2,643 | Responding to the COVID-19 pandemic in complex humanitarian crises
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7085188/
SHA: d013e42811c6442b184da3b9bbfd9e334031a975
Authors: Poole, Danielle N.; Escudero, Daniel J.; Gostin, Lawrence O.; Leblang, David; Talbot, Elizabeth A.
Date: 2020-03-21
DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-0... | What has been demonstrated to be effective for prevention? | false | 1,922 | {
"text": [
"hand hygiene, safe cough practice, and social distancing ["
],
"answer_start": [
3558
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} |
1,674 | Beyond phage display: non-traditional applications of the filamentous bacteriophage as a vaccine carrier, therapeutic biologic, and bioconjugation scaffold
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4523942/
SHA: f00f183d0bce0091a02349ec1eab44a76dad9bc4
Authors: Henry, Kevin A.; Arbabi-Ghahroudi, Mehdi; Scott, Jam... | What themes are common in the applications of filamentous phage? | false | 1,732 | {
"text": [
"unique biological, immunological, and physicochemical properties of the phage, its ability to display a variety of biomolecules in modular fashion, and its relative simplicity and ease of manipulation"
],
"answer_start": [
5210
]
} |
1,660 | Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185593/
SHA: efe13a8d42b60ef9f7387ea539a1b2eeb5f80101
Authors: Hjelle, Brian; Torres-Pérez, Fernando
Date: 2010-11-25
DOI: 10.3390/v2122559
License: cc-by
Abstract: The continued emergence and re-emergenc... | What led to a great increase in their study among virologists worldwide? | false | 4,442 | {
"text": [
"an outbreak in 1993–94 in the southwestern United States"
],
"answer_start": [
533
]
} |
1,671 | Host resilience to emerging coronaviruses
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079962/
SHA: f7cfc37ea164f16393d7f4f3f2b32214dea1ded4
Authors: Jamieson, Amanda M
Date: 2016-07-01
DOI: 10.2217/fvl-2016-0060
License: cc-by
Abstract: Recently, two coronaviruses, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus an... | What is disease resilience? | false | 1,249 | {
"text": [
"the ability of a given host to tolerate an infection, and to return to a state of health"
],
"answer_start": [
738
]
} |
1,591 | Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/
SHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df
Authors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; Nokes, D. Ja... | What diseases are caused by HMPV? | false | 4,062 | {
"text": [
"mild upper respiratory infection to bronchiolitis and pneumonia"
],
"answer_start": [
1911
]
} |
1,623 | Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses from Sentinel Network Practitioners in Réunion Island, 2011-2012
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5031398/
SHA: f5ff89ebfdd0375d034c112c6c1c7e163fa69a0c
Authors: Brottet, Elise; Jaffar-Bandjee, Marie-Christine; Li-Pat-Yuen, Ghislaine; Filleul, Laurent
Date: 2016-09-21... | How were the swabs analyzed? | false | 4,035 | {
"text": [
"by multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) including research of 18 viruses and 4 bacteria."
],
"answer_start": [
796
]
} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | What is the dysregulation of inflammation can be further compounded by? | false | 4,003 | {
"text": [
"modulation of miRNAs and epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation and histone modifications that promote dysregulation in inflammation"
],
"answer_start": [
26257
]
} |
1,551 | Demographic Variations of MERS-CoV Infection among Suspected and Confirmed Cases: An Epidemiological Analysis of Laboratory-Based Data from Riyadh Regional Laboratory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7049846/
SHA: edee452881f826fb72c58ee68a982789b12aa99d
Authors: Altamimi, Asmaa; Abu-Saris, Raghib; El-Me... | What is the treatment for MERS-COV? | false | 564 | {
"text": [
"ere is no specific treatment for MERS-CoV. Like most viral infections, the treatment options are supportive and symptomatic"
],
"answer_start": [
4155
]
} |
1,590 | In Vitro Antiviral Activity of Circular Triple Helix Forming Oligonucleotide RNA towards Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Replication
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3950953/
SHA: f5ad2323eb387f6e271e2842bb2cc4a33504fde3
Authors: Choong, Oi Kuan; Mehrbod, Parvaneh; Tejo, Bimo Ario; Omar, Abdul Rahman... | How is FECV detected in cats? | false | 4,053 | {
"text": [
"shedding in their faeces"
],
"answer_start": [
2578
]
} |
1,660 | Hantaviruses in the Americas and Their Role as Emerging Pathogens
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185593/
SHA: efe13a8d42b60ef9f7387ea539a1b2eeb5f80101
Authors: Hjelle, Brian; Torres-Pérez, Fernando
Date: 2010-11-25
DOI: 10.3390/v2122559
License: cc-by
Abstract: The continued emergence and re-emergenc... | What have confocal microscopy and biochemical-inhibitor studies shown on what N tracks? | false | 4,504 | {
"text": [
"not with actin filaments"
],
"answer_start": [
13801
]
} |
2,486 | Potential Rapid Diagnostics, Vaccine and Therapeutics for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A Systematic Review
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
SHA: 9b0c87f808b1b66f2937d7a7acb524a756b6113b
Authors: Pang, Junxiong; Wang, Min Xian; Ang, Ian Yi Han; Tan, Sharon Hui Xuan; Lewis, Ruth Frances; Chen, Jacinta I. Pei;... | What is te safety of the vaccines? | false | 3,646 | {
"text": [
"All vaccine candidates for SARS and MERS were reported to be safe,"
],
"answer_start": [
12005
]
} |
2,668 | 2019-nCoV: The Identify-Isolate-Inform (3I) Tool Applied to a Novel Emerging Coronavirus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7081861/
SHA: f323af9a07cc54faf9bdbabadaacb0e8b46f99a2
Authors: Koenig, Kristi L.; Beÿ, Christian K.; McDonald, Eric C.
Date: 2020-01-31
DOI: 10.5811/westjem.2020.1.46760
License: cc-... | What are the most common symptoms of COVID19? | false | 2,193 | {
"text": [
"Fever and cough"
],
"answer_start": [
6790
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} |
1,579 | Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Adult Patients Attending Outpatient and Emergency Departments, Taiwan, 2012–2013: A PCR/Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4635751/
SHA: ef6361c7bffb9e92f397d7004bfb3a9c804d7c6a
Authors: Shih, Hsin-I; Wang, Hsuan-Chen; Su... | What was the prevalence of coinfection? | false | 4,079 | {
"text": [
"4.1% of cases"
],
"answer_start": [
1941
]
} |
1,595 | Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Viroporin 3a Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6361828/
SHA: f02d0c1e8b0109648e578662dc250abe349a033c
Authors: Chen, I-Yin; Moriyama, Miyu; Chang, Ming-Fu; Ichinohe, Takeshi
Date: 2019-01-29
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00050
Licens... | Is the SARS coronavirus enveloped? | false | 285 | {
"text": [
"enveloped"
],
"answer_start": [
1778
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} |
1,591 | Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of human metapneumovirus strains from Kenya and Zambia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6941262/
SHA: f5ae3f66face323615df39d838e056ab5fcc98df
Authors: Kamau, Everlyn; Oketch, John W.; de Laurent, Zaydah R.; Phan, My V. T.; Agoti, Charles N.; Nokes, D. Ja... | What does this study describe? | false | 4,068 | {
"text": [
"a whole genome sequencing (WGS) approach for HMPV"
],
"answer_start": [
5474
]
} |
2,669 | Frontiers in antiviral therapy and immunotherapy
https://doi.org/10.1002/cti2.1115
SHA: facbfdfa7189ca9ff83dc30e5d241ab22e962dbf
Authors: Heaton, Steven M
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1115
License: cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Globally, recent decades have witnessed a growing disjunction, a 'Valley of Death' 1,2 no l... | How do many viruses resolve this ? | false | 4,129 | {
"text": [
"by manipulating multifunctional or multitasking host cell proteins (MMHPs), thereby maximising host subversion and viral infectivity at minimal informational cost."
],
"answer_start": [
2492
]
} |
2,466 | Critical care response to a hospital outbreak of the 2019-nCoV infection in Shenzhen, China
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-2786-x
SHA: 6a93283b499ae5bc6aaf29f14e701dc8f25138ea
Authors: Liu, Yong; Li, Jinxiu; Feng, Yongwen
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-2786-x
License: cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: The main cha... | Why early identification of COVID-19 patients can be difficult? | false | 642 | {
"text": [
"Early identification of 2019-nCoV infection presents a major challenge"
],
"answer_start": [
1104
]
} |
2,440 | Optimization Method for Forecasting Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 in China
https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030674
SHA: 1d7f8850c5244fdc9b387038e7eeae9bcbbde6d2
Authors: Al-Qaness, Mohammed A. A.; Ewees, Ahmed A.; Fan, Hong; Abd El Aziz, Mohamed
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030674
License: cc-by
Abstract: In December 2019,... | What is the number of confirmed cases reached on 8 February 2020? | false | 4,394 | {
"text": [
"34,598"
],
"answer_start": [
531
]
} |
1,576 | Characterization of a New Member of Alphacoronavirus with Unique Genomic Features in Rhinolophus Bats
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6521148/
SHA: ee14de143337eec0e9708f8139bfac2b7b8fdd27
Authors: Wang, Ning; Luo, Chuming; Liu, Haizhou; Yang, Xinglou; Hu, Ben; Zhang, Wei; Li, Bei; Zhu, Yan; Zhu, Guangj... | What is a natural reservoir of coronavirus? | false | 3,675 | {
"text": [
"Bats"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} |
1,557 | Changes in pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence: evidence from the 2010 population survey in a populous province of China
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3890533/
SHA: eef61bdfa49b8652fd660b5b8b7e74cf51922505
Authors: Wei, Xiaolin; Zhang, Xiulei; Yin, Jia; Walley, John; Beanland, Rachel; Zou, Guanyang; Zha... | What is the population of Shandong province? | false | 3,015 | {
"text": [
"94 million"
],
"answer_start": [
2484
]
} |
1,623 | Etiology of Influenza-Like Illnesses from Sentinel Network Practitioners in Réunion Island, 2011-2012
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5031398/
SHA: f5ff89ebfdd0375d034c112c6c1c7e163fa69a0c
Authors: Brottet, Elise; Jaffar-Bandjee, Marie-Christine; Li-Pat-Yuen, Ghislaine; Filleul, Laurent
Date: 2016-09-21... | Respiratory viral pathogens were present in what percentage of samples? | false | 4,111 | {
"text": [
"76.1"
],
"answer_start": [
9941
]
} |
2,461 | Mucosal immune responses induced by oral administration recombinant Bacillus subtilis expressing the COE antigen of PEDV in newborn piglets
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6418403/
SHA: 5caced13bcb8a42cca41369c5a71ae7df5381ca8
Authors: Wang, Jialu; Huang, Lulu; Mou, Chunxiao; Zhang, En; Wang, Yongheng; ... | What kind of immune responses are most effective in preventing PED virus? | false | 604 | {
"text": [
"mucosal"
],
"answer_start": [
2438
]
} |
1,633 | The vacuolar-type ATPase inhibitor archazolid increases tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells by accumulating extracellular collagen
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6133348/
SHA: f1b81916fac1ca3d50dde774df2e1bb26bf0fb39
Authors: Luong, Betty; Schwenk, Rebecca; Bräutigam, Jacqueline; Müller, Rolf; Men... | What is the role of v-ATPase in the plasma membrane of osteoclasts and renal epithelial cells? | false | 5,304 | {
"text": [
"they pump protons into the extracellular space"
],
"answer_start": [
3039
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} |
1,560 | Relationship between hepcidin and oxidant/antioxidant status in calves with suspected neonatal septicemia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5146304/
SHA: efcd7d171bb51acf2ef0a631901900497957a3be
Authors: Erkilic, E. E.; Erdogan, H. M.; Ogun, M.; Kirmizigul, A. H.; Gokce, E.; Kuru, M.; Kukurt, A.
Date: 201... | What is the main cause of death in the neonatal period of calves? | false | 2,129 | {
"text": [
"Calf septicemia"
],
"answer_start": [
1971
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} |
2,634 | Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7067204/
SHA: c097a8a9a543d69c34f10e5c3fd78019e560026a
Authors: Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo; Kok, Kin-Hang; Zhu, Zheng; Chu, Hin; To, Kelv... | What genome sequence was available for this study? | false | 3,707 | {
"text": [
"2019-nCoV HKU-SZ-005b was available at GenBank (accession no. MN975262)"
],
"answer_start": [
5038
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} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | Which baculovirus vaccine has been approved for
human use? | false | 1,575 | {
"text": [
"baculovirus-derived recombinant HA vaccine was approved for human use and was first available for use in the United States for the 2013-2014 influenza season"
],
"answer_start": [
19506
]
} |
1,719 | Virus-Vectored Influenza Virus Vaccines
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147686/
SHA: f6d2afb2ec44d8656972ea79f8a833143bbeb42b
Authors: Tripp, Ralph A.; Tompkins, S. Mark
Date: 2014-08-07
DOI: 10.3390/v6083055
License: cc-by
Abstract: Despite the availability of an inactivated vaccine that has been lic... | What did the first report on the NDV vector test conclude? | false | 1,586 | {
"text": [
"it induced a robust serum antibody response and protected against homologous influenza virus challenge in a murine model of infection"
],
"answer_start": [
24174
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} |
2,437 | Screening of FDA-Approved Drugs for Inhibitors of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5640845/
SHA: 1bd2f6497996fc0fccd8dffd7f84846d3d36f964
Authors: Wang, Shaobo; Liu, Yang; Guo, Jiao; Wang, Peilin; Zhang, Leike; Xiao, Gengfu; Wang, Wei
Date: 2017-10-13
DOI: 10.1128/jv... | What is the structure of a recombiant viral particle? | false | 1,233 | {
"text": [
"a natural virus-like envelope on the outside and a replicon on the inside"
],
"answer_start": [
7484
]
} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | how long Ae. aegypti been established in North America? | false | 2,519 | {
"text": [
"for over 300"
],
"answer_start": [
9392
]
} |
2,504 | Respiratory Viral Infections in Exacerbation of Chronic Airway Inflammatory Diseases: Novel Mechanisms and Insights From the Upper Airway Epithelium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052386/
SHA: 45a566c71056ba4faab425b4f7e9edee6320e4a4
Authors: Tan, Kai Sen; Lim, Rachel Liyu; Liu, Jing; Ong, Hsiao Hui; ... | For what purpose animal based models aare developed for? | false | 4,030 | {
"text": [
"to identify systemic mechanisms of acute exacerbation"
],
"answer_start": [
34551
]
} |
1,741 | MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4687373/
SHA: f6fcf1a99cbd073c5821d1c4ffa3f2c6daf8ae29
Authors: Mackay, Ian M.; Arden, Katherine E.
Date: 2015-12-22
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5
License: cc-by
Abstract: The first known cases of Middle East ... | What is usual in serology testing? | false | 4,235 | {
"text": [
"to detect a viral footprint, in the form of antibodies"
],
"answer_start": [
14326
]
} |
2,592 | A mathematical model for simulating the phase-based transmissibility of a novel coronavirus
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
SHA: 018269476cd191365d6b8bed046078aea07c8c01
Authors: Yin, Tian-Mu Chen; Jia, Rui; Qiu-Peng, Wang; Ze-Yu, Zhao; Jing-An, Cui; Ling
Date: 2020
DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00640-3
License... | What was the value of R0 in other researches? | false | 2,772 | {
"text": [
"R 0 of SARS was about 2.1 in Hong Kong, China, 2.7 in Singapore, and 3.8 in Beijing, China"
],
"answer_start": [
15112
]
} |
1,570 | Identification and characterisation of the CD40-ligand of Sigmodon hispidus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6063397/
SHA: edf2997357501734a93c1b7e16d44e86a7d20853
Authors: Russell, Marsha S.; Muralidharan, Abenaya; Larocque, Louise; Cao, Jingxin; Deschambault, Yvon; Varga, Jessie; Thulasi Raman, Sathya ... | What is the structure of the CD40 Ligand? | false | 1,632 | {
"text": [
"a sandwiched extracellular structure composed of a β-sheet, α-helix loop, and a β-sheet"
],
"answer_start": [
4149
]
} |
2,459 | No credible evidence supporting claims of the laboratory engineering of SARS-CoV-2
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7054935/
SHA: 5a9154aee79901dd8fecd58b7bcd9b7351102d24
Authors: Liu, Shan-Lu; Saif, Linda J.; Weiss, Susan R.; Su, Lishan
Date: 2020-02-26
DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1733440
License: cc-by
... | What happened to the report with initial claims? | false | 3,613 | {
"text": [
"Because of the many concerns raised by the international community, the authors who made the initial claim have already withdrawn this report."
],
"answer_start": [
6365
]
} |
1,698 | Accelerated viral dynamics in bat cell lines, with implications for zoonotic emergence
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7064339/
SHA: f2cc0d63ff2c4aaa127c4caae21d8f3a0067e3d5
Authors: Brook, Cara E; Boots, Mike; Chandran, Kartik; Dobson, Andrew P; Drosten, Christian; Graham, Andrea L; Grenfell, Bryan T; ... | Which cells are IFN-defective and therefore limited in antiviral capacity? | false | 2,736 | {
"text": [
"demonstrate idiosyncratic induced interferon responses upon viral challenge"
],
"answer_start": [
9543
]
} |
1,686 | Nucleolar Protein Trafficking in Response to HIV-1 Tat: Rewiring the Nucleolus
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499507/
SHA: efa871aeaf22cbd0ce30e8bd1cb3d1afff2a98f9
Authors: Jarboui, Mohamed Ali; Bidoia, Carlo; Woods, Elena; Roe, Barbara; Wynne, Kieran; Elia, Giuliano; Hall, William W.; Gautier, Virgin... | How many cells were harvested from each culture? | false | 5,140 | {
"text": [
"85 million"
],
"answer_start": [
9799
]
} |
2,653 | Molecular and serological investigation of 2019-nCoV infected patients: implication of multiple shedding routes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7048229/
SHA: da81f0d3a12ab7faa09148acb6564271474e9e02
Authors: Zhang, Wei; Du, Rong-Hui; Li, Bei; Zheng, Xiao-Shuang; Yang, Xing-Lou; Hu, Ben; Wang, Yan-Yi; Xi... | Is oral swab for detecting 2019-nCOV infection, sufficient? | false | 883 | {
"text": [
"the current strategy for the detection of viral RNA in oral swabs used for 2019-nCoV diagnosis is not perfect. The virus may be present in anal swabs or blood of patients when oral swabs detection negative."
],
"answer_start": [
9634
]
} |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | What is Chikungunya virus? | false | 2,474 | {
"text": [
"a mosquito-borne pathogen listed by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) as a Category C Priority Pathogen that causes Chikungunya fever (CHIKF)"
],
"answer_start": [
1219
]
} |
776 | It is Unlikely That Influenza Viruses Will Cause a Pandemic Again Like What Happened in 1918 and 1919
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4019839/
Song, Liting
2014-05-07
DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2014.00039
License:cc-by
Abstract: nan
Text: Influenza and influenza viruses are wellknown popular topics to medical p... | How has the mortality rate due to influenza declined in USA over past decades? | false | 297 | {
"text": [
"in the United States of America, the influenza classed mortality rate declined from 10.2/100,000 in the 1940s to 0.56/100,000 in the 1990s; and the classed mortality rates of 1957-1958 and 1968-1969 influenza pandemics were not remarkably different from the non-pandemic seasons"
],
"answer_start"... |
1,689 | Chikungunya: A Potentially Emerging Epidemic?
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2860491/
SHA: f7c3160bef4169d29e2a8bdd79dd6e9056d4774c
Authors: Thiboutot, Michelle M.; Kannan, Senthil; Kawalekar, Omkar U.; Shedlock, Devon J.; Khan, Amir S.; Sarangan, Gopalsamy; Srikanth, Padma; Weiner, David B.; Muthumani... | What is a conclusion of this report? | false | 2,527 | {
"text": [
"Vaccines are literally a critical component of CHIKV disease control and therefore research in this area is highly encouraged."
],
"answer_start": [
24421
]
} |
2,684 | 1918 Influenza: the Mother of All Pandemics
Jeffery K. Taubenberger" and David M. Morens1-
The “Spanish" influenza pandemic of 1918—1919,
which caused :50 million deaths worldwide, remains an
ominous warning to public health. Many questions about its
origins, its unusual epidemiologic features, and the basis of
its p... | Is the origin and epidemiology of the 1918 swine flu (Spanish Influenza) known? | false | 1,075 | {
"text": [
"ongoing studies to map Virulence\nfactors are yielding interesting results. The 1918 sequence\ndata, however, leave unanswered questions about the ori-\ngin of the Virus (19) and about the epidemiology of the\npandemic."
],
"answer_start": [
5741
]
} |
185 | CDC Summary 21 MAR 2020,
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/cases-updates/summary.html
This is a rapidly evolving situation and CDC will provide updated information and guidance as it becomes available.
Updated March 21, 2020
CDC is responding to a pandemic of respiratory disease spreading from person-to-pers... | At which phase does the peak of the pandemic occur? | false | 234 | {
"text": [
"at the end of the acceleration phase"
],
"answer_start": [
7365
]
} |
1,633 | The vacuolar-type ATPase inhibitor archazolid increases tumor cell adhesion to endothelial cells by accumulating extracellular collagen
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6133348/
SHA: f1b81916fac1ca3d50dde774df2e1bb26bf0fb39
Authors: Luong, Betty; Schwenk, Rebecca; Bräutigam, Jacqueline; Müller, Rolf; Men... | How were untreated MDA-MB-231 cells labeled? | false | 5,306 | {
"text": [
"CellTracker Green CMFDA Dye"
],
"answer_start": [
10518
]
} |
1,552 | One step closer to an experimental infection system for Hepatitis B Virus? --- the identification of sodium taurocholate cotransporting peptide as a viral receptor
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3562259/
SHA: f4f36a8e9fee64d59ccf22b724c7dab345102658
Authors: Chen, Pei-Jer; Wu, T-C
Date: 2013-01-11
DOI:... | Why is NTCP thought to not be sufficient for HBV infection? | false | 3,002 | {
"text": [
"the majority of HepaRG cells were found to express NPCT but not to be infected"
],
"answer_start": [
5054
]
} |
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