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3535a947ddbdeb757f9bce3df37e72fe | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jesse-Lasky | Jesse Lasky | Jesse Lasky
With his brother-in-law Jesse Lasky, then a vaudeville producer, he cofounded the Jesse Lasky Feature Play Company. Their initial release was Cecil B. deMille’s Squaw Man (1913), one of the first full-length feature films made in Hollywood. In 1917 the company merged with Adolph Zukor’s Famous Players Film…... |
07b0f33591490fd559fdccb07dfb8e56 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jesse-Ramsden | Jesse Ramsden | Jesse Ramsden
Jesse Ramsden, (born Oct. 6, 1735, Halifax, Yorkshire, Eng.—died Nov. 5, 1800, Brighton, Sussex), British pioneer in the design of precision tools.
Ramsden was apprenticed as a boy to a cloth worker, but in 1758 he apprenticed himself to a mathematical instrument maker. He went into business for himself... |
e27a4ec6d917aca561f1e96c3e06a26e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jessica-Mitford | Jessica Mitford | Jessica Mitford
Jessica Mitford, in full Jessica Lucy Mitford, (born Sept. 11, 1917, Gloucestershire, England—died July 23, 1996, Oakland, Calif., U.S.), English-born writer and journalist noted for her witty and irreverent investigations of various aspects of American society.
The fifth daughter of the 2nd Baron Red... |
0b8bfd1644e089add4e0c61f7c5c34ff | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jesus | Jesus | Jesus
Jesus, also called Jesus Christ, Jesus of Galilee, or Jesus of Nazareth, (born c. 6–4 bce, Bethlehem—died c. 30 ce, Jerusalem), religious leader revered in Christianity, one of the world’s major religions. He is regarded by most Christians as the Incarnation of God. The history of Christian reflection on the tea... |
6265b9bbb0433e0313224b8f8c42f4e0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jethro-Tull | Jethro Tull | Jethro Tull
Jethro Tull, (born 1674, Basildon, Berkshire, Eng.—died Feb. 21, 1741, Prosperous Farm, near Hungerford, Berkshire), English agronomist, agriculturist, writer, and inventor whose ideas helped form the basis of modern British agriculture.
Tull trained for the bar, to which he was called in 1699. But for t... |
52dfdcb6b8b9a887bdf97e9d329cd649 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jiancheng | Jiancheng | Jiancheng
…army under the crown prince Jiancheng at the beginning of 623. The prolonged resistance in Hebei and the comparatively harsh Tang conquest of the region were the beginning of resistance and hostility in the northeast that continued to some degree throughout the Tang dynasty.
…the succession: the crown prince... |
eb168c1bf4c16d2259e85b7ecb6d4f6c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jiang-Zemin | Jiang Zemin | Jiang Zemin
Jiang Zemin, Wade-Giles romanization Chiang Tse-min, (born August 17, 1926, Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, China), Chinese official who was general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP; 1989–2002) and president of China (1993–2003).
Jiang joined the CCP in 1946 and graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong U... |
e27372fcd3d3d6b5e8c3c2d96f57d8bc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jianwen | Jianwen | Jianwen
Jianwen, Wade-Giles romanization Chien-wen, personal name (xingming) Zhu Yunwen, posthumous name (shi) Huidi, (born Dec. 5, 1377, China—died July 13, 1402?, Nanjing), reign name (nianhao) of the second emperor of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644), under whose brief reign (1398–1402) a civil war nearly destroyed the... |
1dc5c0ae12244786295e26084cf90d70 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jigme-Khesar-Namgyal-Wangchuk | Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuk | Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuk
…throne to his Oxford-educated son, Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuk. This event catalyzed the country’s transition to a fully democratic government. Over the next year the public was trained in the democratic process through a mock vote, and the country’s first official elections—for seats i... |
b158a268ee40a225e0b64c051b2ab538 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jill-Abramson | Jill Abramson | Jill Abramson
Jill Abramson, in full Jill Ellen Abramson, (born March 19, 1954, New York City, New York, U.S.), American journalist who was the first female executive editor (2011–14) of The New York Times.
Abramson was raised in Manhattan, the daughter of a textile importer and his wife. She attended Harvard Universi... |
2233e9f4387159f8dc2cf29ca2cd59b9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jill-Ker-Conway | Jill Ker Conway | Jill Ker Conway
Jill Ker Conway, née Jill Ker, (born October 9, 1934, Hillston, New South Wales, Australia—died June 1, 2018, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.), Australian-born American scholar, the first woman president of Smith College (1975–85), whose research as a historian focused on the role of feminism in American h... |
e1c27e0eaaa4fe00ecf910e47efaff59 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Bakker | Jim Bakker | Jim Bakker
…Swaggart publicly accused fellow televangelist Jim Bakker of immoral sexual behaviour. This denunciation, which some saw as a move by Swaggart to take over Bakker’s empire, precipitated a closer look at Swaggart’s own life, leading to the revelation that he had performed voyeuristic acts with a female prost... |
711d0207e90a035ef6aebe5d53e261e7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Craig | Jim Craig | Jim Craig
Jim Craig, byname of James Downey Craig, (born May 31, 1957, North Easton, Massachusetts, U.S.), American ice hockey goaltender who was part of the U.S. hockey team that won the gold medal at the 1980 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, New York, U.S. The American victory in the hockey tournament, known as the “... |
60d9392be3c7658651b426dec48052c4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-DeMint | Jim DeMint | Jim DeMint
When James DeMint resigned in 2013, South Carolina Gov. Nikki Haley appointed Scott to fill his Senate seat. Scott won a special election in 2014 to complete the term.
Jim DeMint of South Carolina supported Tea Party candidates from within the Republican establishment. The diffuse collection of groups and in... |
98b20fbdbb37ce3a75e9469ba1b1110e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Inhofe | Jim Inhofe | Jim Inhofe
Jim Inhofe, in full James Mountain Inhofe, (born November 17, 1934, Des Moines, Iowa, U.S.), American politician who was elected as a Republican to the U.S. Senate in 1994 and began representing Oklahoma in that body later that year. He previously served as mayor of Tulsa, Oklahoma (1978–84), and as a membe... |
a7fed60ec3619cc30e27a97c1a84fd0b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Jarmusch | Jim Jarmusch | Jim Jarmusch
Jim Jarmusch, (born January 22, 1953, Akron, Ohio, U.S.), American director and screenwriter whose darkly humorous tone and transcendence of genre conventions established him as a major independent filmmaker.
Jarmusch studied at Columbia University and at New York University Film School, where he directed... |
41ae1f6a7c44cd2f716bb9956f0a6e45 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Kelly | Jim Kelly | Jim Kelly
The Bills drafted quarterback Jim Kelly in the first round of the 1983 NFL draft. Kelly instead signed to play in the upstart United States Football League (USFL), and Buffalo posted league-worst 2–14 records in both 1984 and 1985. After the USFL folded in 1986, Kelly joined the Bills,…
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40d63fa07b5704b01e36a78c5708276d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Lovell | Jim Lovell | Jim Lovell
Jim Lovell, byname of James Arthur Lovell, Jr., (born March 25, 1928, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.), U.S. astronaut of the Gemini and Apollo space programs, commander of the nearly disastrous Apollo 13 flight to the Moon in 1970.
Lovell, a graduate (1952) of the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, became a te... |
353f8a29d61001dc55b855d9ef78d997 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-McCarty | Jim McCarty | Jim McCarty
November 11, 1946, London), drummer Jim McCarty (b. July 25, 1943, Liverpool, Merseyside), bassist Paul Samwell-Smith (b. May 8, 1943, London), and guitarist Anthony (“Top”) Topham (b., England). Later members were Jeff Beck (b. June 24, 1944, Wallington, Surrey) and Jimmy Page (b. January 9, 1944, Heston, ... |
a7209a55830008243db7bdcbcf671839 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Steranko | Jim Steranko | Jim Steranko
In 1967 Jim Steranko began to write and draw stories featuring secret agent Nick Fury in the anthology book Strange Tales. Steranko was influenced in his work by James Bond films and the psychedelic and Op art movements, and the resulting stories melded groundbreaking visuals with equally…
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4053bfcf4c64f53e561327298360ed8c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jim-Thorpe-American-athlete | Jim Thorpe | Jim Thorpe
Jim Thorpe, byname of James Francis Thorpe, (born May 28, 1888, near Prague, Indian Territory [now in Oklahoma], U.S.—died March 28, 1953, Lomita, California), one of the most accomplished all-around athletes in history who in 1950 was selected by American sportswriters and broadcasters as the greatest Amer... |
62fe4e7a83b05decfd9024f985a2755f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jimi-Hendrix | Jimi Hendrix | Jimi Hendrix
Jimi Hendrix, byname of James Marshall Hendrix, originally John Allen Hendrix, (born November 27, 1942, Seattle, Washington, U.S.—died September 18, 1970, London, England), American rock guitarist, singer, and composer who fused American traditions of blues, jazz, rock, and soul with techniques of British... |
619354a6452011a149c9d8ce0af2113f | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jimmy-Blanton | Jimmy Blanton | Jimmy Blanton
Jimmy Blanton, byname of James Blanton, (born October 1918, Chattanooga, Tennessee, U.S.—died July 30, 1942, Monrovia, California), American jazz musician whose innovative string bass techniques and concepts, displayed during his two years in the Duke Ellington band, made him by far the major influence... |
5e036721949cf6d487254f85db5a7dad | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jimmy-Connors | Jimmy Connors | Jimmy Connors
Jimmy Connors, byname of James Scott Connors, (born September 2, 1952, East St. Louis, Illinois, U.S.), American professional tennis player who was one of the leading competitors in the 1970s and early ’80s and was known for his intensity and aggressive play. During his career he won 109 singles champion... |
fc0d5bbaa8846859c7876e5fe23a3dda | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jimmy-Hoffa | Jimmy Hoffa | Jimmy Hoffa
Jimmy Hoffa, in full James Riddle Hoffa, (born February 14, 1913, Brazil, Indiana, U.S.—disappeared July 30, 1975, Bloomfield Hills, near Detroit, Michigan), American labour leader who served as president of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters from 1957 to 1971 and was one of the most controversial ... |
8a6da81fbf13c323cc019ce9c024cf74 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jimmy-Swaggart | Jimmy Swaggart | Jimmy Swaggart
Jimmy Swaggart, in full Jimmy Lee Swaggart, (born March 15, 1935, Ferriday, Louisiana, U.S.), American televangelist and gospel music performer. He was defrocked by the Assemblies of God in 1988 after a sex scandal involving prostitutes.
Swaggart’s father was a sharecropper before becoming a Pentecostal... |
32296068bd99c6bf052e334a10c1cc22 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jingtai | Jingtai | Jingtai
Jingtai, Wade-Giles romanization Ching-t’ai, personal name (xingming) Zhu Qiyu, posthumous name (shi) Chengliwang, (born 1428, China—died 1457, Beijing), reign name (nianhao) of the seventh emperor (reigned 1449–57) of the Ming dynasty. He ascended to the throne after his brother, the Zhengtong emperor, was ca... |
cb9153fe25f93f0d17939dfb98f5e4e4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jivatram-Bhagwandas-Kripalani | Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani | Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani
Jivatram Bhagwandas Kripalani, also called Acharya Kripalani, (born November 11, 1888, Hyderabad, India [now in Pakistan]—died March 19, 1982, Ahmadabad), prominent Indian educator, social activist, and politician in both pre- and post-independence India, who was a close associate of Moha... |
a89316bca5b5e5bcd489da7f2af63996 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jo-van-Ammers-Kuller | Jo van Ammers-Küller | Jo van Ammers-Küller
Jo van Ammers-Küller, in full Johanna Van Ammers-küller, (born Aug. 13, 1884, Noordeloos, Neth.—died Jan. 23, 1966, Bakel), Dutch writer best known for her historical novels.
Van Ammers-Küller began her writing career as a playwright. Her first successful novels, Het huis der vreugden (1922; The ... |
c89fe02a4890917971cbf8fdd488573b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joachim-I-Nestor | Joachim I Nestor | Joachim I Nestor
Joachim I Nestor, (born Feb. 24, 1484—died July 11, 1535, Kölln an der Spree, Brandenburg), elector of Brandenburg, an opponent of the Habsburg emperors, yet a devout Roman Catholic who prevented the spread of Protestantism in his lands during his lifetime.
Joachim at first supported Francis I of Fr... |
aca0ecd49bcba4673abdb8cfa8eca202 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Bennett | Joan Bennett | Joan Bennett
Joan Bennett, in full Joan Geraldine Bennett, (born Feb. 27, 1910, Palisades, N.J., U.S.—died Dec. 7, 1990, Scarsdale, N.Y.), versatile American film actress.
The daughter of actor Richard Bennett and sister of actresses Constance and Barbara Bennett, Joan Bennett began her film career at the age of 19. A... |
5d190975aef1eba29e584299662ee388 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Maragall-i-Gorina | Joan Maragall i Gorina | Joan Maragall i Gorina
In Joan Maragall i Gorina, Catalonia found its first great modern poet who, in spiritual quality, exerted a powerful influence on later poets.
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ec3573612e231381cee5a1e4a14dad9e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Morris | Joan Morris | Joan Morris
…Bolcom and his wife, mezzo-soprano Joan Morris, performed concerts of 19th- and 20th-century American popular songs. He was also active as a writer and editor. He coedited The New Grove Gospel, Blues, and Jazz (1986), cowrote with Robert Kimball the book Reminiscing with Sissle and Blake (1973), and edited... |
9323d50fa83f90dfe51fee42848ccae1 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-of-Boulogne | Joan of Boulogne | Joan of Boulogne
His mother, Joan of Boulogne, who subsequently married the king of France, John II, ruled Philip’s lands during his minority, but after her death in 1360 he was declared of age. Though he married at the age of 12, he died without heirs, and his domains were…
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97361688283faacf146bc319112fbd67 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-of-England | Joan of England | Joan of England
…imprisoned the late king’s wife, Joan of England (Richard’s sister), and denied her possession of her dower. By the Treaty of Messina Richard obtained for Joan her release and her dower, acknowledged Tancred as king of Sicily, declared Arthur of Brittany (Richard’s nephew) to be his own heir, and provi... |
0becf1e8af785ee6052bcd02dc5b00f5 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Rivers | Joan Rivers | Joan Rivers
Joan Rivers, original name Joan Alexandra Molinsky, (born June 8, 1933, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.—died September 4, 2014, New York, New York), American entertainer who launched her career in show business in the 1960s as a raspy-voiced no-holds-barred nightclub and television comic and who was especially kn... |
a0d8435930232b331c8434fe26bb924d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Spanish-infanta | Joan | Joan
…the legitimacy of the infanta Joan, who they declared was the child of the queen and of the king’s most recent favourite, Beltrán de la Cueva. Because of that account, the young girl was derided as “La Beltraneja.” Henry IV repudiated her and recognized his sister Isabella as heir to…
…against those of his daught... |
c107b894bc6e4154e39a0580a6e9ae2c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-Tower | Joan Tower | Joan Tower
Joan Tower, (born September 6, 1938, New Rochelle, New York, U.S.), American composer, pianist, and conductor who was chiefly known for her colourful and often whimsical orchestral compositions.
Tower studied piano as a child, attended Bennington College, and completed her music studies at Columbia Universi... |
03e3ae69584e375583b2e5c363d8ca5e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joanne-Simpson | Joanne Simpson | Joanne Simpson
This approach was employed by Joanne Simpson of the U.S. Environmental Science Services Administration and others to test the effects of heavy doses of silver iodide on cumulonimbus clouds. She found that the effects of ice nuclei on large convective clouds conformed closely with theoretical predictions.... |
10a5fd413a17052cf3792aee004c7941 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joao-Cabral-de-Melo-Neto | João Cabral de Melo Neto | João Cabral de Melo Neto
João Cabral de Melo Neto, (born January 6, 1920, Recife, Brazil—died October 9, 1999, Rio de Janeiro), Brazilian poet and diplomat, one of the last great figures of the golden age of Brazilian poetry.
Melo Neto was born to a distinguished family of landowners. He had a brief stint as a public ... |
7e580f3448c70f3b4dcaa64f70180470 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joao-Cafe-Filho | João Café Filho | João Café Filho
Vice President João Café Filho served out most of the remainder of Vargas’s term and carried out preparations for the presidential election of October 1955. The major political parties did not unite behind a single candidate; rather, three strong contenders emerged: former Minas Gerais state governor Ju... |
8b021671d9236309a893f6f13d15ce41 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joao-Fernandes-Vieira | João Fernandes Vieira | João Fernandes Vieira
João Fernandes Vieira, a wealthy plantation owner, subsequently launched a rebellion that steadily gained ground against John Maurice’s incompetent successors. The Brazilians, acting without Portuguese aid, defeated and expelled the Dutch in 1654, an achievement that helped spark Brazilian nationa... |
1bac45357c219adec78fa751f5cecfb4 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joao-Guimaraes-Rosa | João Guimarães Rosa | João Guimarães Rosa
João Guimarães Rosa, (born June 27, 1908, Cordisburgo, Brazil—died November 19, 1967, Rio de Janeiro), novelist and short-story writer whose innovative prose style, derived from the oral tradition of the sertão (hinterland of Brazil), revitalized Brazilian fiction in the mid-20th century. His portr... |
97acd52396f6fad19339c613edfe750d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joao-Lourenco | João Lourenço | João Lourenço
…name came to the fore: João Lourenço, a longtime member of the MPLA who was serving as vice president of the party and as the country’s minister of defense. In February 2017 Lourenço was confirmed as the party’s presidential candidate in the general election scheduled for August of that year.
…2016 there... |
3ff1d5627c5e24a2c2efb13e16fd0b60 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joaquim-Chissano | Joaquim Chissano | Joaquim Chissano
Joaquim Chissano) and being named Africa’s third most powerful woman by Forbes magazine in 2011.
Joaquim Chissano, who became leader of Frelimo in 1986 after the death of Machel, was the first elected president of the country.
Several years later Joaquim Chissano, who had become Mozambique’s president ... |
830820247610513810dd6e045de617cf | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joaquim-Maria-Machado-de-Assis | Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis | Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis
Joaquim Maria Machado de Assis, (born June 21, 1839, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil—died September 29, 1908, Rio de Janeiro), Brazilian poet, novelist, and short-story writer, a classic master of Brazilian literature, whose art is rooted in the traditions of European culture and transcends the i... |
0fa3a1cf2ed02cbbe14d06dd72a7eb53 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joaquin-Costa | Joaquín Costa | Joaquín Costa
Joaquín Costa, Ángel Ganivet, and Miguel de Unamuno are generally considered precursors of the Generation of 1898, but many literary historians consider Ganivet and, usually, Unamuno as members of the group proper. Other outstanding figures are Azorín himself, the philosopher and critic José Ortega y…
Joa... |
1963108356e43d7472c46403e5786cd5 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joaquin-Murrieta | Joaquín Murrieta | Joaquín Murrieta
Joaquín Murrieta, Murrieta also spelled Murieta, (baptized 1830, Alamos, Sonora, Mexico?—died 1853, California, U.S.?), legendary bandit who became a hero of the Mexican-Americans in California. Facts of his life are few and elusive, and much of what is widely known about him is derived from evolving ... |
ead2287b7eae067c0dbb95788bd450cc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jocelyn-Bell-Burnell | Jocelyn Bell Burnell | Jocelyn Bell Burnell
Jocelyn Bell Burnell, née Susan Jocelyn Bell, (born July 15, 1943, Belfast, Northern Ireland), British astronomer who discovered pulsars, the cosmic sources of peculiar radio pulses.
She attended the University of Glasgow, where she received a bachelor’s degree (1965) in physics. She proceeded to ... |
8a0db6b7c5eddbc53db32ff992040acc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Jochi | Jöchi | Jöchi
Jöchi, also spelled Juchi, (died February 1227), Mongol prince, the eldest of Genghis Khan’s four sons and, until the final years of his life, a participant in his father’s military campaigns.
Jöchi, like his brothers, received his own ulus (vassal kingdom to command), a yurt (a domain for his ulus), and an inju... |
642490e49c464700d10922aa92ba91b3 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Cocker | Joe Cocker | Joe Cocker
…the San Francisco Bay area), Joe Cocker (then new to American audiences), and Hendrix, the festival left its promoters virtually bankrupt. They had, however, held onto the film and recording rights and more than made their money back when Michael Wadleigh’s documentary film Woodstock (1970) became a smash h... |
38aa31847dc8bcead0b4112834ddd704 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-E-Brown | Joe E. Brown | Joe E. Brown
…Sailor, a solid vehicle for Joe E. Brown, rounded out 1933 for Bacon.
…drama, and Top Speed, a Joe E. Brown musical comedy. Then came Little Caesar (1931), the film that made LeRoy’s reputation, with Edward G. Robinson as a Capone-like crime czar. It stands as one of the seminal gangster pictures, along w... |
76a75a46920a580e2d337ded60c0118a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Frazier | Joe Frazier | Joe Frazier
Joe Frazier, byname Smokin’ Joe, (born January 12, 1944, Beaufort, South Carolina, U.S.—died November 7, 2011, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), American world heavyweight boxing champion from February 16, 1970, when he knocked out Jimmy Ellis in five rounds in New York City, until January 22, 1973, when he w... |
0234605d6549f96fe752b9680b1f4ffc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Montana | Joe Montana | Joe Montana
Joe Montana, in full Joseph Clifford Montana, bynames Joe Cool and the Comeback Kid, (born June 11, 1956, New Eagle, Pennsylvania, U.S.), American gridiron football player who was one of the greatest quarterbacks in the history of the National Football League (NFL). Montana led the San Francisco 49ers to f... |
85b4492cc67dfcc2f3811dfca1b5ae0c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Namath | Joe Namath | Joe Namath
Joe Namath, byname of Joseph William Namath, also called Joe Willie or Broadway Joe, (born May 31, 1943, Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, U.S.), American collegiate and professional gridiron football quarterback who was one of the best passers in football and a cultural sports icon of the 1960s.
Namath excelled ... |
9e5a8b325b2d30d16070edb9e2debdcc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Shuster | Joe Shuster | Joe Shuster
…Siegel (scenario or text) and Joe Shuster (art); it was soon syndicated and transposed to other media. The Superman formula of the hero who transcends all physical and social laws to punish the wicked was widely imitated. The animated cartoon animals of Walt Disney also took root in the comic…
Superman cre... |
1d9087f4a4a908cccedd5cbd327df069 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Simon | Joe Simon | Joe Simon
…teaming up with fellow artist Joe Simon in 1941. Working for Timely (later Marvel) Comics, the pair created Captain America, a star-spangled super-soldier who quickly became the publisher’s most popular character. Kirby and Simon collaborated on a number of titles over the following years, exploring the crim... |
dd8148a9395ed88ea53be732cb264d42 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joe-Walsh | Joe Walsh | Joe Walsh
…such performers as Jimi Hendrix, Joe Walsh, Stevie Ray Vaughan, and Eric Clapton. King toured extensively and made acclaimed appearances at the Montreux Jazz Festival in the 1970s. The following decade he captured a new generation of fans with the albums San Francisco ’83 (1983), Laundromat Blues (1984), and... |
8050c453bb64c4dead83b987ecd22c9b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joel-Lehtonen | Joel Lehtonen | Joel Lehtonen
Joel Lehtonen, (born November 27, 1881, Sääminki, Finland—died 1934, Helsinki), Finnish novelist in the naturalistic tradition of Émile Zola and Maxim Gorky.
The first stage of Lehtonen’s career was characterized by the Neoromanticism of the turn of the century, and his first novel, Paholaisen viula (190... |
2dc6264ca9f192a8d83c4a7ff4ab9598 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joey-Bishop | Joey Bishop | Joey Bishop
…their own late-night shows—including The Joey Bishop Show (ABC, 1967–69), The Dick Cavett Show (ABC, 1968–75), and The Merv Griffin Show (CBS, 1969–72)—but none could compete with The Tonight Show. In 1973 NBC introduced The Midnight Special (1973–81), a rock music variety show that ran from 1:00 am to 2:3... |
7b1592b34d4244b84d5e0d1a3f1898db | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joey-Giardello | Joey Giardello | Joey Giardello
…a 15-round decision to American Joey Giardello (Carmen Orlando Telleli). On October 21, 1965, Tiger regained the championship by defeating Giardello in a 15-round decision. He lost the title again on April 25, 1966, when Emile Griffith of the U.S. Virgin Islands, the world welterweight (147 pounds) cham... |
9b1104716a582ad6beded815ae6b902b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joey-Maxim | Joey Maxim | Joey Maxim
…clever and far more experienced Joey Maxim, a former light-heavyweight champion.
…1952 he narrowly missed defeating Joey Maxim for the light-heavyweight (175-pound) crown and a few months later retired.
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cbc1a4ff3be9a1836f6a5a8ee3b6bc06 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Baner | Johan Banér | Johan Banér
Johan Banér, (born July 3 [June 23, Old Style], 1596, Djursholm Castle, Sweden—died May 20 [May 10], 1641, Halberstadt, Magdeburg [Germany]), Swedish field marshal who was one of the foremost soldiers in the Thirty Years’ War.
His father, Gustaf Banér, a member of the King’s Council, was executed in 1600 ... |
aa0e5f01482e163888b14f260f9dd2a7 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Bjornsson-Printz | Johan Björnsson Printz | Johan Björnsson Printz
Johan Björnsson Printz, (born July 20, 1592, Bottnaryd, Swed.—died May 3, 1663, Gunillaberg Manor, Swed.), Swedish military officer and colonial governor of New Sweden on the Delaware River.
Printz, the son of a Lutheran pastor, received his early education in Sweden before he departed in 1618 ... |
281cc777efd829299595b72cf41a6a0a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Borgen | Johan Borgen | Johan Borgen
Johan Borgen, in full Johan Collet Müller Borgen, (born April 28, 1902, Kristiania [now Oslo], Norway—died October 16, 1979, Hvaler), Norwegian novelist, short-story writer, dramatist, and essayist, one of 20th-century Norway’s most important and versatile writers.
Borgen was born into a bourgeois family,... |
7bb22f6475a59c7fdd6cd40c208d10cc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Gottlieb-Gahn | Johan Gottlieb Gahn | Johan Gottlieb Gahn
Johan Gottlieb Gahn, (born Aug. 19, 1745, Voxna, near Söderhamn, Swed.—died Dec. 8, 1818, Stockholm), Swedish mineralogist and crystallographer who discovered manganese in 1774. His failure to win fame may be related to the fact that he published little. He saved the notes, papers, and letters of ... |
6fa782e0f051c688099249ee9548ff98 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Herman-Lie-Vogt | Johan Herman Lie Vogt | Johan Herman Lie Vogt
Johan Herman Lie Vogt, (born Oct. 14, 1858, Tvedestrand, Nor.—died Jan. 3, 1932, Trondheim), Norwegian geologist and petrologist who pioneered in the use of physical-chemical methods in the study of the origin of igneous rocks and ores.
Vogt was appointed professor of metallurgy at the Universit... |
2d84d8133b08fac307a90acdb65eaddc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Ludvig-Heiberg | Johan Ludvig Heiberg | Johan Ludvig Heiberg
Johan Ludvig Heiberg, (born December 14, 1791, Copenhagen, Denmark—died August 25, 1860, Bonderup), playwright, poet, literary historian, and critic whose romantic idealism in a sense epitomized the Danish Romantic school, which he helped bring to an end when he established a new era of topical, s... |
80d7a99c24e01cfa62b36c230f12a220 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johan-Vilhelm-Snellman | Johan Vilhelm Snellman | Johan Vilhelm Snellman
Johan Vilhelm Snellman, (born May 12, 1806, Stockholm, Swed.—died July 4, 1881, Kirkkonummi, Fin.), Finnish nationalist philosopher and statesman who was an important figure in the movement to establish Finnish as a national language.
In 1835, when Snellman became a philosophy instructor at the... |
5b07f6e12b91485a6c87fddd6e1d69aa | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Agricola | Johann Agricola | Johann Agricola
Johann Agricola, original name Johann Schneider, Schneider also spelled Schnitter, Latin Sartor, (born April 20, 1494, Eisleben, Saxony—died Sept. 22, 1566, Berlin), Lutheran Reformer, friend of Martin Luther, and advocate of antinomianism, a view asserting that Christians are freed by grace from the... |
f91132eee012a05dd49a6ecf2c307b6c | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-August-Eberhard | Johann August Eberhard | Johann August Eberhard
Johann August Eberhard, (born Aug. 31, 1739, Halberstadt, Brandenburg [Germany]—died Jan. 6, 1809, Halle, Westphalia), German philosopher and lexicographer who defended the views of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz against those of Immanuel Kant and compiled a dictionary of the German language that re... |
2295f4f91d67ebd238649caa9a441ead | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Baptist-Cramer | Johann Baptist Cramer | Johann Baptist Cramer
Johann Baptist Cramer, (born Feb. 24, 1771, Mannheim, Rhenish Palatinate [Germany]—died April 16, 1858, London), one of the leading pianists of the period of transition from Classicism to Romanticism, composer, and founder (1824) of the London music publishing firm Cramer & Company.
Cramer was t... |
64f6d21d8625a52548659563648161d8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Bernhard-Basedow | Johann Bernhard Basedow | Johann Bernhard Basedow
Johann Bernhard Basedow, (born Sept. 11, 1724, Hamburg [Germany]—died July 25, 1790, Magdeburg, Brandenburg), influential German educational reformer who advocated the use of realistic teaching methods and the introduction of nature study, physical education, and manual training into the schoo... |
34d3332cd4c47354cf0357ffb7d6dc13 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Christoph-Freiherr-von-Bartenstein | Johann Christoph, baron von Bartenstein | Johann Christoph, baron von Bartenstein
Johann Christoph, baron von Bartenstein, (born October 23, 1689, Strasbourg, Alsace—died August 6, 1767, Vienna), Austrian statesman and trusted counsellor of Emperor Charles VI. He created the political system that was based upon the Pragmatic Sanction; it was intended to guara... |
2840eae13e73c7903dcce6b9e3960f83 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Clauberg | Johann Clauberg | Johann Clauberg
Johann Clauberg, (born Feb. 24, 1622, Solingen, duchy of Berg [Germany]—died Jan. 31, 1665, Duisburg, Brandenburg), philosopher and theologian who became the foremost German proponent of the thought of the French philosopher René Descartes.
After study at Bremen and in the Netherlands at Groningen an... |
5efecc47f3699d003943228f6b67278e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Deisenhofer | Johann Deisenhofer | Johann Deisenhofer
Johann Deisenhofer, (born September 30, 1943, Zusamaltheim, Germany), German American biochemist who, along with Hartmut Michel and Robert Huber, received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1988 for their determination of the structure of certain proteins that are essential to photosynthesis.
Deisenho... |
29a9973037d278c4ebf8777dad5333e8 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Ferdinand-Portia | Johann Ferdinand Portia | Johann Ferdinand Portia
…among whom the cultured count Johann Ferdinand Portia was the leading personality. Made lord high steward by his pupil, Portia retained his influence with Leopold until his death in 1665. From an early age Leopold showed an inclination toward learning. He learned easily and became fluent in Lat... |
f523a3d53c54da8eaba325dede0b2071 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Friedrich-Bohmer | Johann Friedrich Böhmer | Johann Friedrich Böhmer
Johann Friedrich Böhmer, (born April 22, 1795, Frankfurt am Main [Germany]—died Oct. 22, 1863, Frankfurt am Main), historian known for his Regesta, an annotated collection of charters and imperial documents of medieval Germany.
After studying at the universities of Göttingen and Heidelberg, Bö... |
dac314f7e3d107fb4f6f11f74510f71d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Friedrich-Herbart | Johann Friedrich Herbart | Johann Friedrich Herbart
Johann Friedrich Herbart, (born May 4, 1776, Oldenburg—died Aug. 14, 1841, Göttingen, Hanover), German philosopher and educator, who led the renewed 19th-century interest in Realism and is considered among the founders of modern scientific pedagogy.
After studying under Johann Gottlieb Fichte... |
d1ac206ce927d39e0615528f433d26ba | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Fust | Johann Fust | Johann Fust
Johann Fust, (born c. 1400, Mainz [Germany]—died Oct. 30, 1466, Paris, France), early German printer, financial backer of Johann Gutenberg (the inventor of printing in Europe), and founder, with Peter Schoeffer, of the first commercially successful printing firm.
Fust, a prominent goldsmith, lent Gutenber... |
fa6ad75f7a36e4e8af6c0f0142d79db9 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Georg-Bodmer | Johann Georg Bodmer | Johann Georg Bodmer
Johann Georg Bodmer, (born Dec. 6, 1786, Zürich, Switz.—died May 30, 1864, Zürich), Swiss mechanic and prolific inventor of machine tools and textile-making machinery.
Information on Bodmer’s life is scanty, but it is known that he lived in Switzerland, England, France, and Austria. Because many o... |
0d6e6002ae5025354f2a09c872ecb8ce | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Gottfried-Galle | Johann Gottfried Galle | Johann Gottfried Galle
Johann Gottfried Galle, (born June 9, 1812, near Gräfenhainichen, Prussian Saxony—died July 10, 1910, Potsdam, Ger.), German astronomer who on Sept. 23, 1846, was the first to observe the planet Neptune.
Galle joined the staff of the Berlin Observatory, where he served as assistant director und... |
698c1fe10b4ea9429762e04628c78d00 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Gottfried-Walther | Johann Gottfried Walther | Johann Gottfried Walther
Johann Gottfried Walther, (born September 18, 1684, Erfurt, Mainz [Germany]—died March 23, 1748, Weimar), German organist and composer who was one of the first musical lexicographers.
Walther grew up in Erfurt, where as a child he studied the organ and took singing lessons. In 1702 he became a... |
c86189543e2c4fc4c44bacd08c55fb55 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Gottfried-Wetzstein | Johann Gottfried Wetzstein | Johann Gottfried Wetzstein
Johann Gottfried Wetzstein, (born Feb. 19, 1815, Oelsnitz, Saxony—died Jan. 18, 1905, Berlin), Orientalist who propounded (1873) a “literal” interpretation of the Song of Solomon, which, despite its presence in the Old Testament, he read as an anthology of love songs having no religious or ... |
ec56d5b18e8bfe8644f8a0e1320fd193 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Gottlieb-Fichte | Johann Gottlieb Fichte | Johann Gottlieb Fichte
Johann Gottlieb Fichte, (born May 19, 1762, Rammenau, Upper Lusatia, Saxony [now in Germany]—died Jan. 27, 1814, Berlin), German philosopher and patriot, one of the great transcendental idealists.
Fichte was the son of a ribbon weaver. Educated at the Pforta school (1774–80) and at the universi... |
b4df0d4578d7b8dc0b8584bd1bc3d23d | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Gottlob-Lehmann | Johann Gottlob Lehmann | Johann Gottlob Lehmann
Johann Gottlob Lehmann, (born Aug. 4, 1719, Langenhennersdorf, near Pirna, Saxony [Germany]—died Jan. 22, 1767, St. Petersburg, Russia), German geologist who contributed to the development of stratigraphy, the scientific study of order and sequence in bedded sedimentary rocks.
Lehmann received ... |
8aa9953ed79081b98a773275a58e491a | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Graf-Diebitsch | Hans Karl von Diebitsch | Hans Karl von Diebitsch
Hans Karl von Diebitsch, German in full Hans Karl Friedrich Anton, Graf Diebitsch, Russian in full Ivan Ivanovich Dibich-Zabalkansky, (born May 13, 1785, Grossleipe, Silesia, Prussia—died June 10, 1831, Kleczewo, near Pułtusk, Poland), military officer whose Balkan campaigns determined the Russ... |
106db6c2b2804818839b7b7c720eb696 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Hinrich-Wichern | Johann Hinrich Wichern | Johann Hinrich Wichern
Johann Hinrich Wichern proclaimed, “There is a Christian Socialism,” at the Kirchentag Church Convention in Wittenberg [Germany] in 1848, the year of the publication of the Communist Manifesto and a wave of revolutions across Europe, and created the “Inner Mission” in order to address “works…
In ... |
80b60580805c13f180d42f6bb6cc4d3b | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Jakob-Balmer | Johann Jakob Balmer | Johann Jakob Balmer
Johann Jakob Balmer, (born May 1, 1825, Lausanne, Switz.—died March 12, 1898, Basel), Swiss mathematician who discovered a formula basic to the development of atomic theory and the field of atomic spectroscopy.
A secondary-school teacher in Basel from 1859 until his death, Balmer also lectured (18... |
7646e80b394a3d41de63097a5ec68ffc | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Kalb | Johann Kalb | Johann Kalb
Johann Kalb, byname Baron de Kalb, (born June 29, 1721, Hüttendorf, near Erlangen [Germany]—died August 19, 1780, Camden, South Carolina, U.S.), prominent German officer who fought for the Continental Army in the American Revolution.
Of peasant antecedents, Kalb was schooled at Kriegenbronn and left home ... |
3263ae462d5ffcc1e220a159faec51a6 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Kunckel-von-Lowenstjern | Johann Kunckel von Löwenstjern | Johann Kunckel von Löwenstjern
Johann Kunckel von Löwenstjern, Kunckel also spelled Kunkel, (born 1630, Rendsburg, Ger.—died March 20, 1702/03, near Parnu), German chemist who, about 1678, duplicated Hennig Brand’s isolation of phosphorus. A court chemist and apothecary, he later directed the laboratory and glasswork... |
7fd3271b70167d0b5a997667ba3aad6e | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Lorenz-von-Mosheim | Johann Lorenz von Mosheim | Johann Lorenz von Mosheim
Johann Lorenz von Mosheim, (born Oct. 9, 1694, Lübeck—died Sept. 9, 1755, Göttingen, Hanover), German Lutheran theologian who founded the pragmatic school of church historians, which insisted on objective, critical treatment of original sources. In 1723 Mosheim became professor at Helmstedt a... |
e6e0db88f2761cabc0addd34a02e8861 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Ludwig-Krapf | Johann Ludwig Krapf | Johann Ludwig Krapf
Johann Ludwig Krapf and Johannes Rebmann of the Church Missionary Society, who had worked inland from Mombasa and had, in the 1840s and ’50s, journeyed to the foothills of Mount Kenya and Kilimanjaro, were followed by a British Methodist mission. Roman Catholic missionaries reached Zanzibar…
…of the... |
9874c6c1801f8291abf5d9bdaed6d4b5 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Martin-Lappenberg | Johann Martin Lappenberg | Johann Martin Lappenberg
Johann Martin Lappenberg, (born July 30, 1794, Hamburg [Germany]—died Nov. 28, 1865, Hamburg), German archivist who was also a prolific scholar of German and English history.
Lappenberg was intended for his father’s profession, medicine, and studied in Edinburgh and London, where he conceived... |
ee3aa4553118648e19f1a66260a5b659 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Martin-Miller | Johann Martin Miller | Johann Martin Miller
Johann Martin Miller, (born Dec. 3, 1750, Imperial City of Ulm [Germany]—died June 21, 1814, Ulm, Württemberg), German poet, novelist, and preacher known for moralizing, sentimental novels and folk song-like poems.
Miller studied theology at Göttingen where, in 1772, he and other students establi... |
367c564194329c00dbac20390e920e27 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Mayrhofer | Johann Mayrhofer | Johann Mayrhofer
…introduced him to the poet Johann Mayrhofer. He also induced the young and brilliant Franz von Schober to visit Schubert. Late in 1815 Schober went to the schoolhouse in the Säulengasse, found Schubert in front of a class with his manuscripts piled about him, and inflamed the young composer, a…
|
38ab3f5238425c37b296ce89efbe1c70 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Melchior-Dinglinger | Johann Melchior Dinglinger | Johann Melchior Dinglinger
…II the Strong established under Johann Melchior Dinglinger a court workshop that produced jewels and enamelled goldwork unequalled since the Renaissance; and the gold snuffboxes made by Johann Christian Neuber rivalled those of the Parisian goldsmiths.
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f6b29989df33cc67b137d4ffc64ff2d0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Michael-Moscherosch | Johann Michael Moscherosch | Johann Michael Moscherosch
Johann Michael Moscherosch, pseudonym Philander Von Sittewald, (born March 5, 1601, Willstädt, near Strassburg [now in Germany]—died April 4, 1669, Worms), German Lutheran satirist whose bitterly brilliant but partisan writings graphically describe life in a Germany ravaged by the Thirty Ye... |
bb0774b662d9868989980723918a1619 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Michael-Rottmayr | Johann Michael Rottmayr | Johann Michael Rottmayr
The frescoes by Johann Michael Rottmayr in the castle of Vranov in Moravia (1695) and in Breslau (now Wrocław; 1704–06) constitute a prelude to the great development of Baroque painting in the Habsburg domains. There the vigorous and extremely colourful frescoes are closely integrated with the a... |
0429688cab407683351cba82666511a0 | https://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Rudolf-Glauber | Johann Rudolf Glauber | Johann Rudolf Glauber
Johann Rudolf Glauber, (born 1604, Karlstadt, Bavaria [now in Germany]—died March 10, 1668, Amsterdam, Neth.), German-Dutch chemist, sometimes called the German Boyle; i.e., the father of chemistry.
Settling in Holland, Glauber made his living chiefly by the sale of secret chemicals and medicin... |
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