REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
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625,183 | Inflammation in childhood asthma and other wheezing disorders | Lemanske, RF, Jr | 2,002 | It has become clear in the last few decades that the primary underlying pathology of asthma is airway tissue inflammation. In asthma, airway remodeling occurs during chronic inflammation, even in very young children. One of the key goals in treating asthma is to identify those young children with an asthmatic phenotype... | 0 |
25,518 | Epidemiological evidence of increased bone mineral density in habitual tea drinkers | Wu, CH; Yang, YC; Yao, WJ; Lu, FH; Wu; | 2,002 | #Background: Researchers have hypothesized that bone mineral density (BMD) may be influenced by chemical compounds such as caffeine, phytoestrogen, fluoride, and many compounds that are contained in tea extracts. Hence, the relationship between habitual tea consumption and BMD is an interesting issue. Methods: Based ... | 0 |
53,058 | Growth of ponderosa pine seedlings as affected by air pollution | Momen, B; Anderson, PD; Houpis, JLJ; Helms, JA | 2,002 | #The effect of air pollution on seedling survival and competitive ability is important to natural and artificial regeneration of forest trees. Although biochemical and physiological processes are sensitive indicators of pollution stress, the cumulative effects of air pollutants on seedling vigor and competitive ability... | 0 |
80,419 | Tree- and needle-age dependent variations in antioxidants and photoprotective pigments in Norway spruce needles at the alpine timberline | Tegischer, K; Tausz, M; Wieser, G; Grill, D | 2,002 | null | 0 |
38,342 | Ozone-induced ethylene production is dependent on salicylic acid, and both salicylic acid and ethylene act in concert to regulate ozone-induced cell death | Rao, MV; Lee, HI; Davis, KR | 2,002 | Ethylene is known to influence plant defense responses including cell death in response to both biotic and abiotic stress factors. However, whether ethylene acts alone or in conjunction with other signaling pathways is not clearly understood. Ethylene overproducer mutants, eto1 and eto3, produced high levels of ethylen... | 0 |
36,674 | Ozone critical levels and effects on plants in Italy | De Marco, A; Fagnano Ml; Gelgiovine, N; Capogna, F; Daffina, R; De Bonfils, A; Fiorini, R; Forlani, A; Fumagalli, I; Gianni, MA; Manes, F; Martignon, G; Merola, G; Mignanego, L; Piccolo, R; Postiglione, L; Racalbuto, S; Vialetto, G; Vitale, M | 2,002 | Tropospheric ozone is the pollutant that has attracted most attention in the last few years due both to its increasing concentrations and to its phytotoxic effects. In the context of UN/ECE the hourly concentration of 40 ppb was proposed as threshold for vegetation and the value of the AOT40, was used to identify the o... | 0 |
42,574 | Setting ambient air quality standards for particulate matter | Mcclellan, RO | 2,002 | Ambient air particulate matter (PM), unspecified as to chemical composition, is of concern because of its health effects. Air quality standards for PM have been established in many countries. The earliest standards were based on threshold models and use of a margin of safety. Initially, standards were based on the mass... | 0 |
38,160 | Ozone-induced oxidation of Rubisco: from an ELISA quantification of carbonyls to putative pathways leading to oxidizing mechanisms | Kanoun, M; Goulas, P; Basseres, A; Biolley, JP | 2,002 | In an attempt to detect a possible relationship between protein oxidation and ozone (O3) atmospheric concentration, we used a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for measuring carbonyl formation in amino acid residues that constitute Rubisco (EC 4.1.1.39) small subunit (Rubisco-SSU). Using open-t... | 0 |
57,183 | UV index experimental values during the years 2000 and 2001 from the Spanish broadband UV-B radiometric network | Martinez-Lozano, JA; Marin, MJ; Tena, F; Utrillas, MP; Sanchez-Muniosguren, L; Gonzalez-Frias, C; Cuevas, E; Redondas, A; Lorente, J; De Cabo, X; Cachorro, V; Vergaz, R; De Frutos, A; Diaz, JP; Exposito, FJ; De La Morena, B; Vilaplana, JM | 2,002 | An analysis is made of experimental ultraviolet erythemal solar radiation data measured during the years 2000 and 2001 by the Spanish UV-B radiation evaluation and prediction network. This network consists of 16 Robertson-Berger type pyranometers for evaluating solar erythemal radiation and five Brewer spectroradiomete... | 0 |
41,768 | Microbial community composition and function beneath temperate trees exposed to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide and ozone | Phillips, RL; Zak, DR; Holmes, WE; White, DC | 2,002 | We hypothesized that changes in plant growth resulting from atmospheric CO2 and O3 enrichment would alter the flow of C through soil food webs and that this effect would vary with tree species. To test this idea, we traced the course of C through the soil microbial community using soils from the free-air CO2 and O3 enr... | 1 |
35,322 | Modification of plant response by environmental conditions | Mills, G | 2,002 | The growth, development and reproductive potential of a plant are closely coupled to the environmental conditions in which it lives. Where one or more of the essential conditions for growth (light, water, nutrients etc.) are in short supply or in excess, the plant may exhibit a 'stress' response such as anthocyanin pig... | 1 |
53,439 | Atmosphere-biosphere trace gas exchanges simulated with a single-column model | Ganzeveld, L; Lelieveld, J; Dentener, FJ; Krol, MC; Roelofs, GJ | 2,002 | The exchange of oxidized nitrogen species (NOx) between the biosphere and atmosphere is controlled by complex interactions between emissions, dry deposition, (photochemical) chemical transformations, and turbulent exchanges, all varying with height within the canopy. We have developed a multilayer atmosphere-biosphere ... | 0 |
49,177 | Climate forcings in Goddard Institute for Space Studies S12000 simulations | Hansen, J; Sato, M; Mazarenko, L; Ruedy, R; Lacis, A; Koch, D; Tegen, I; Hall, T; Shindell, D; Santer, B; Stone, P; Novakov, T; Thomason, L; Wang, R; Wang, Y; Jacob, D; Hollandsworth, S; Bishop, L; Logan, J; Thompson, A; Stolarski, R; Lean, J; Willson, R; Levitus, S; Antonov, J; Rayner, N; Parker, D; Christy, J | 2,002 | We define the radiative forcings used in climate simulations with the SI2000 version of the Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) global climate model. These include temporal variations of well-mixed greenhouse gases, stratospheric aerosols, solar irradiance, ozone, stratospheric water vapor, and tropospheric aero... | 0 |
41,504 | Assessment of effects of ozone on forest resources in the southern Appalachian mountains | Weinstein, DA; Woodbury, PB; Gollands, B; King, P; Lepak, L; Pendleton, D | 2,002 | N/A. | 0 |
195,259 | A study on the reaction between N-substituted p-phenylenediamines and ozone: experimental results and theoretical aspects in relation to their antiozonant activity | Cataldo, F | 2,002 | The following p-phenylenediamines (PPD): N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPPD), N,N'-dimethylbutyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), N,N'-diaryl-p-phenylenediamine (DPPD), tris-(N-dimethylpentyl-p-phenylenediamine)-N',N',N'-1,3,5-triazine (6PPDTZ), have been oxidized under the action of O-3 in diluted solutions. In... | 0 |
52,473 | An on-road motor vehicle emissions inventory for Denver: An efficient alternative to modeling | Pokharel, SS; Bishop, GA; Stedman, DH | 2,002 | #Emission inventories from mobile sources have traditionally been obtained through computational modeling. This method, however, has intrinsic shortcomings in that the factors used incorporate only a limited amount of real-world observations. The agreement between model predictions and measurements has often been po... | 1 |
80,395 | Urban air pollution and forests: resources at risk in the Mexico City air basin | Fenn, ME; De Bauer, LI; Hernandez-Tejeda, T | 2,002 | null | 0 |
78,040 | Production of OH radicals from the reactions of C4-C6 internal alkenes and styrenes with ozone in the gas phase | Orzechowska, GE; Paulson, SE | 2,002 | #OH formation from the ozonolysis reactions of seven internal alkenes with 4-6 carbons, styrene, trans-beta-methyl styrene, and alpha-methyl styrene was studied using complementary techniques. A small-ratio relative-rate technique in which small quantities of OH tracers are added to monitor OH formation yields provided... | 0 |
36,421 | Acute orogastric administration of alpha-tocopherol protects from ozone-induced changes in rat striatal catecholamine levels | Gonzalez-Pina, R; Alfaro-Rodriguez, A; Castorena-Maldonado, A; Morales Martinez, JJ | 2,002 | N/A. | 0 |
52,472 | Decadal change in carbon monoxide to nitrogen oxide ratio in US vehicular emissions | Parrish, DD; Trainer, M; Hereid, D; Williams, EJ; Olszyna, KJ; Harley, RA; Meagher, JF; Fehsenfeld, FC | 2,002 | Accurate emission inventories and their temporal trends must be incorporated into pollutant inventories to allow for reliable modeling of the country's past, present, and future air quality. Measured carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentrations from two urban areas show that the CO/NOx vehicular emissio... | 0 |
47,806 | A variable-resolution stretched-grid general circulation model and data assimilation system with multiple areas of interest: studying the anomalous regional climate events of 1998 | Fox-Rabinovitz, MS; Takacs, LL; Govindaraju, RC | 2,002 | The new stretched-grid (SG) design with multiple (four) areas of interest, one at each global quadrant, is implemented into both a SG general circulation model (GCM) and a SG data assimilation system (DAS). The four areas of interest include the United States/northern Mexico, the El Ni?o area/central South America, Ind... | 0 |
52,321 | Simulation of the ozone formation in the northern part of the Po Valley | Martilli, A; Neftel, A; Favaro, G; Kirchner, F; Sillman, S; Clappier, A | 2,002 | The formation of photooxidants and aerosols in the Milan area (Po Valley, Italy) has been simulated for 13 May 1998 with an Eulerian model. The high-pressure conditions and the weak synoptic circulation favor the formation of strongly enhanced photooxidants and aerosol levels downwind of the metropolitan area of Milan.... | 0 |
40,061 | Particulate matter and lung function growth in children: a 3-yr follow-up study in Austrian schoolchildren [author response] | Horak, F, Jr; Studnicka, M; Gartner, C; Spengler, JD; Tauber, E; Urbanek, R; Veiter, A; Frischer, T | 2,002 | N/A. | 0 |
51,137 | Grassland responses to global environmental changes suppressed by elevated CO2 | Shaw, MR; Zavaleta, ES; Chiariello, NR; Cleland, EE; Mooney, HA; Field, CB | 2,002 | Simulated global changes, including warming, increased precipitation, and nitrogen deposition, alone and in concert, increased net primary production (NPP) in the third year of ecosystem-scale manipulations in a California annual grassland. Elevated carbon dioxide also increased NPP, but only as a single-factor treatme... | 0 |
94,333 | Solar ultraviolet irradiance for clear sky days incident at Rosario, Argentina: measurements and model calculations | Piacentini, RD; Alfano, OM; Albizzati, ED; Luccini, EA; Herman, JR | 2,002 | Results of measurements are presented of clear-sky day solar UV irradiance (295-385 nm) in the August 1995 to June 1999 period at the Observatorio Astronomico de Rosario, Argentina, a place typical of the most populated Humid Pampa region of the country. The data give a detailed description of UV variation as a functio... | 0 |
48,344 | Export of NOy from the North American boundary layer during 1996 and 1997 North Atlantic Regional Experiments | Stohl, A; Trainer, M; Ryerson, TB; Holloway, JS; Parrish, DD | 2,002 | This paper studies the removal timescales of the NOy originating from surface emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and studies what fraction of the emissions reaches the free troposphere. These are important questions because NOx, which limits ozone production in the free troposphere, can be recycled from NOy after the p... | 0 |
80,718 | Comparison of ultraviolet and chemiluminescent ozonometers | Arshinov, MY; Belan, BD; Krasnov, OA; Kovalevskii, VK; Pirogov, VA; Plotnikov, AP; Tolmachev, GN; Fofonov, AV | 2,002 | null | 1 |
35,303 | Interacting elevated CO2 and tropospheric O3 predisposes aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx) to infection by rust (Melampsora medusae f sp tremuloidae) | Karnosky, DF; Percy, KE; Xiang, B; Callan, B; Noormets, A; Mankovska, B; Hopkin, A; Sober, J; Jones, W; Dickson, RE; Isebrands, JG | 2,002 | We investigated the interaction of elevated CO(2) and/or (Ozone) O(3) on the occurrence and severity of aspen leaf rust (Melampsora medusae Thuem. f. sp. tremuloidae) on trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Furthermore, we examined the role of changes in leaf surface properties induced by elevated CO(2) and/or... | 0 |
180,189 | Interactive effects of nitrogen deposition, tropospheric ozone, elevated CO2 and land use history on the carbon dynamics of northern hardwood forests | Ollinger, SV; Aber, JD; Reich, PB; Freuder, RJ | 2,002 | Temperate forests are affected by a wide variety of environmental factors that stem from human industrial and agricultural activities. In the north-eastern US, important change agents include tropospheric ozone, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, elevated CO2 , and historical human land use. Although each of these has re... | 1 |
57,167 | Ultraviolet radiation-induced erythema in human skin | Harrison, GI; Young, AR | 2,002 | We have evaluated UVR-induced erythema in previously unexposed buttock skin of volunteers of skin types I, II, III, and IV. Studies were done with solar-simulated radiation (SSR), UVB, and UVAI and we determined the just perceptible minimal erythema dose (MED) and, in some cases, quantified erythema with a reflectance ... | 0 |
95,639 | Ethylene synthesis regulated by biphasic induction of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase genes is required for hydrogen peroxide accumulation and cell death in ozone-exposed tomato | Moeder, W; Barry, CS; Tauriainen, AA; Betz, C; Tuomainen, J; Ultrainen, M; Grierson, D; Sandermann, H; Langebartels, C; Kangasjarvi, J | 2,002 | We show that above a certain threshold concentration, ozone leads to leaf injury in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Ozone-induced leaf damage was preceded by a rapid increase in 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase activity, ACC content, and ethylene emission. Changes in mRNA levels of specific ACC sy... | 0 |
39,427 | Atmospheric particles from organic vapours | O'Dowd, CD; Aalto, P; Hameri, K; Kulmala, M; Hoffmann, T | 2,002 | null | 0 |
35,283 | O3 uptake and drought stress effects on carbon acquisition of ponderosa pine in natural stands | Grulke, NE; Preisler, HK; Rose, C; Kirsch, J; Balduman, L | 2,002 | The effect of O3 exposure or uptake on carbon acquisition (net assimilation (A) or gross photosynthesis (Pg)). with and without drought stress, is reported here in 40-yr-old-ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) trees.
Maximum daily gas exchange was measured monthly for 12 trees at four sites differing in pollutant exposure... | 1 |
80,432 | Calcium signalling in stomatal responses to pollutants | Mcainsh, MR; Evans, NH; Montgomery, LT; North, KA | 2,002 | Stomatal responses to air pollutants are complex, varying among species and with concentration, environmental conditions and age. In general, short-term exposure to sulphur dioxide (SO2) promotes stomatal opening, whereas longer-term exposure can cause partial stomatal closure. By contrast, the effects of oxides of nit... | 1 |
52,934 | Physiological/ecological interactions between ozone and nitrogen deposition in forest ecosystems | Bytnerowicz, A | 2,002 | Ozone (O3) is considered as the main factor in the air pollution-related decline of forests in North America and Europe. Decline of ponderosa and Jeffrey pines in the San Bernardino Mountains of southern California and pronounced foliar injury of these species in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of central California are we... | 0 |
93,798 | Association of air pollution with school absenteeism due to illness | Park, H; Lee, B; Ha, EH; Lee, JT; Kim, H; Hong, YC | 2,002 | OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of air pollution and school absenteeism among elementary students. DESIGN: Time-series analysis of air pollution and school absenteeism data with controlling for long-term trends, seasonality, day of the week, and holiday as well as meteorologic variables. SETTING: School absenteeis... | 0 |
626,806 | Summary of air pollution impacts on forests in the Mexico City air basin | Fenn, ME; de Bauer, LI; Hernandez-Tejeda, T | 2,002 | Oxidant air pollution symptoms were first reported in bioindicator plants in the Mexico City Air Basin (MCAB) in 1971 (de Bauer 1972). Classic injury symptoms on well-known bioindicator plants strongly supported the presumption that symptoms were caused by photochemical oxidants, of which ozone (O3) is the primary poll... | 1 |
35,205 | Regional differences in hospitalizations for asthma in the United States, 1988-1996 | Homa, DM; Mannino, DM; Redd, SC | 2,002 | Hospitalization rates for asthma are higher in the Northeast United States than in other regions, despite similar regional prevalence rates. Whether these higher rates reflect differences in asthma presentation or severity or else general differences in hospitalizations is unclear. We examined regional differences in a... | 0 |
40,284 | Cardiorespiratory and all-cause mortality after restrictions on sulphur content of fuel in Hong Kong: an intervention study | Hedley, AJ; Wong, CM; Thach, TQ; Ma, S; Lam, TH; Anderson, HR | 2,002 | Background In July, 1990, a restriction was introduced over one weekend that required all power plants and road vehicles in Hong Kong to use fuel oil with a sulphur content of not more than 0A5% by weight. This intervention led to an immediate fall in ambient sulphur dioxide (SO2). We assessed the effect of this interv... | 0 |
42,750 | Effects of air pollution on adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Desqueyroux, H; Pujet, JC; Prosper, M; Le Moullec, Y; Momas, I | 2,002 | Few studies have been conducted on the effects of air pollution on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). During a 14-mo period, 39 Parisian adults with severe COPD were monitored by their physicians. Daily levels of 4 air pollutants were provided by an urban air-quality network. Exacerbation of CO... | 0 |
52,427 | Secondary ozone maxima in a very stable nocturnal boundary layer: observations from the Lower Fraser Valley, BC | Salmond, JA; Mckendry, IG | 2,002 | #The relationship between near-surface ozone concentration and the structure of the nocturnal boundary layer was investigated during a field campaign conducted in 1998 in the Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia Canada. Despite the spatial and temporal variation in frequency and morphology, secondary nocturnal o... | 0 |
57,059 | Northeast states for coordinated air use management indoor/outdoor school air monitoring pilot project | Treadwell, M; Green, S; Nightingale, KM; Pistenmaa, C; Weeks, J | 2,002 | null | 0 |
90,294 | Examination of traffic pollution distribution in a street canyon using the Nantes'99 experimental data and comparison with model results | Berkowicz, R; Ketzel, M; Vachon, G; Louka, P; Rosant, JM; Mestayer, PG; Sini, JF | 2,002 | During the Nantes'99 experiment, pollution concentrations, temperature, flow and turbulence conditions were measured at several locations in Rue de Strasbourg, Nantes, France. Traffic was measured by vehicle counters at different places within the street. Traffic speed was monitored as well. The measuring campaign was ... | 0 |
54,068 | Variation of marine aerosol acidity with particle size | Keene, WC; Pszenny, AAP; Maben, JR; Sander, R | 2,002 | [i] pHs were measured in minimally diluted extracts of size-segregated aerosols sampled under moderately polluted conditions at Bermuda during spring 1997. Extrapolation to aerosol liquid water contents yielded ambient pHs for most super-Am diameter size fractions in the upper 3s to upper 4s. Aerosols within this size ... | 0 |
55,878 | Temperature and mortality in 11 cities of the eastern United States | Curriero, FC; Heiner, KS; Samet, JM; Zeger, SL; Strug, L; Patz, JA | 2,002 | Episodes of extremely hot or cold temperatures are associated with increased mortality. Time-series analyses show an association between temperature and mortality across a range of less extreme temperatures. In this paper, the authors describe the temperature-mortality association for 11 large eastern US cities in 1973... | 0 |
36,660 | Introducing response modifying factors into a risk assessment for ozone effects on crops in Europe | Mills, G; Holland, M; Buse, A; Cinderby, S; Hayes, F; Emberson, L; Cambridge, H; Ashmore, M; Terry, A | 2,002 | In this study, we sought to improve knowledge of the crops most at risk from ozone pollution in Europe, and the regions of Europe in which those crops are at risk. Following a comprehensive review of the literature, AOT40(1)-yield response functions were derived for 19 crops and used to derive critical levels for a 5% ... | 0 |
672,967 | Effects of oxidants at the whole plant and community level | Ashmore, MR | 2,002 | null | 1 |
53,440 | Global soil-biogenic NOx emissions and the role of canopy processes | Ganzeveld, L; Lelieveld, J; Dentener, FJ; Krol, MC; Bouwman, AJ; Roelofs, GJ | 2,002 | Soils are an important though uncertain source of oxidized nitrogen (NOx) to the atmosphere. One of the main uncertainties in the source estimates is the role of the canopy interactions between NOx emissions, dry deposition, turbulence, and chemistry. Previous studies, in which only dry deposition has been considered,... | 0 |
36,310 | Respiratory effects of air pollutants among asthmatics in central Taiwan | Kuo, HW; Lai, JS; Lee, MC; Tai, RC; Lee, MC | 2,002 | The authors investigated the relationship between respiratory effects and air pollutants among asthmatics in central Taiwan. A total of 12,926 subjects were selected from 8 junior high schools. Data about monthly hospital admissions for respiratory illnesses were collected over a period of 1 yr from the National Insura... | 1 |
46,108 | The kinetics and mechanism of SO2 oxidation by O3 on mineral dust | Ullerstam, M; Vogt, R; Langer, S; Ljungstrom, E | 2,002 | The oxidation of SO2 by O3 on mineral dust was studied using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Formation of sulfate was observed on the surface. A two-step mechanism that involves physisorbed SO2 followed by oxidation is presented. The formation rate was determined to be first order ... | 0 |
53,382 | Spatial and temporal impacts of chlorine chemistry on ozone formation in southeastern Texas | Chang, S; Mcdonand-Buller, EC; Kimura, Y; Russell, MM; Tanaka, PL; Allen, DT | 2,002 | null | 0 |
52,333 | Fast-response airborne in-situ measurements of HNO3 during the Texas 2000 Air Quality Study | Neuman, JA; Huey, LG; Dissly, RW; Fehsenfeld, FC; Flocke, F; Holecek, JC; Holloway, JS; Hubler, G; Jakoubek, R; Nicks, DK, Jr; Parrish, DD; Ryerson, TB; Sueper, DT; Weinheimer, AJ | 2,002 | Nitric acid (HNO3) was measured from an aircraft in the planetary boundary layer and free troposphere up to 7 km on 14 flights during the Texas Air Quality Study in August and September 2000. HNO3 mixing ratios were measured at 1 Hz using a fast-response chemical ionization mass spectrometer with SiF5- reagent ions. H... | 0 |
52,980 | CO2 and ozone effects on canopy development of potato crops across Europe | Hacour, A; Craigon, J; Vandermeiren, K; Ojanpera, K; Pleijel, H; Danielsson, H; Hogy, P; Finnan, J; Bindi, M | 2,002 | This paper describes the effects of elevated CO2 (550 and 680 A11-1) and O3 (60 nl l-1 O3 as an 8 h mean), alone or in combination, on canopy development and senescence in potato (Solanum tuberosum L. cv Bintje) across a range of European agro-climatic conditions. The assessments were made within the European CHIP proj... | 0 |
35,461 | Genotoxic effect of ozone in human peripheral blood leukocytes | Diaz-Llera, S; Gonzalez-Hernandez, Y; Prieto-Gonzalez, EA; Azoy, A | 2,002 | The genotoxic effect of ozone was studied in human leukocytes in vitro, using the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay. Cell treatment for 1 h at 37 ?C with 0.9-5.3 mM O3 resulted in a dose-dependent increase of DNA damage, comparable to that induced by 4-40 mM of H2O2, used as a positive control. This effect o... | 0 |
47,292 | Atmospheric formation of OH radicals and H2O2 from alkene ozonolysis under humid conditions | Anglada, JM; Aplincourt, P; Bofill, JM; Cremer, D | 2,002 | N/A. | 0 |
51,237 | Sources of tropospheric ozone along the Asian Pacific Rim: an analysis of ozonesonde observations | Liu, H; Jacob, DJ; Chan, LY; Oltmans, SJ; Bey, I; Yantosca, RM; Harris, JM; Duncan, BN; Martin, RV | 2,002 | The sources contributing to tropospheric ozone over the Asian Pacific Rim in different seasons are quantified by analysis of Hong Kong and Japanese ozonesonde observations with a global three-dimensional (3-D) chemical transport model (GEOS-CHEM) driven by assimilated meteorological observations. Particular focus is pl... | 0 |
52,871 | Plant physiology | Taiz, L; Zeiger, E | 2,002 | N/A. | 0 |
53,037 | Photosynthetic and stomatal responses of potatoes grown under elevated CO2 and/or O3--results from the European CHIP-programme | Vandermeiren, K; Black, C; Lawson, T; Casanova, MA; Ojanpera, K | 2,002 | #The physiological effects of elevated CO2 and/or O3 on Solanum tuberosum cv. Bintje were examined in Open-Top Chambers during 1998 and 1999 at experimental sites across Europe as part of the EU `Changing Climate and Potential Impacts on Potato Yield and Quality' programme (CHIP). At tuber initiation (20 days after eme... | 0 |
51,221 | Linking ozone pollution and climate change: The case for controlling methane | Fiore, AM; Jacob, DJ; Field, BD; Streets, DG; Fernandes, SD; Jang, C | 2,002 | Introduction [2] There is growing interest in linking air quality and climate change mitigation objectives in the design of emission control strategies. Tropospheric O3 deserves par- ticular attention as both the primary constituent of smog [National Research Council (NRC), 1991] and a significant greenhouse gas [P... | 1 |
34,731 | Environmental and genetic influences on flight metabolic rate in the honey bee, Apis mellifera | Harrison, J; Fewell, J | 2,002 | Flying honey bees demonstrate highly variable metabolic rates. The lowest reported values (approximately 0.3 Wg(-1)) occur in tethered bees generating the minimum lift to support their body weight, free-flying 2-day old bees, winter bees, or bees flying at high air temperatures (45 degrees C). The highest values (appro... | 0 |
50,096 | Growth and yield responses of snap bean to mixtures of carbon dioxide and ozone | Heagle, AS; Miller, JE; Burkey, KO; Eason, G; Pursley, WA | 2,002 | Elevated CO2 concentrations expected in the 21st century can stimulate plant growth and yield, whereas tropospheric 03 suppresses plant growth and yield in many areas of the world. Recent experiments showed that elevated CO2 often protects plants from 03 stress, but this has not been tested for many important crop sp... | 0 |
57,465 | Use of sunscreens in families living in Switzerland | Berret, J; Liardet, S; Scaletta, C; Panizzon, R; Hohlfeld, P; Applegate, LA | 2,002 | Background: The hazards due to sun exposure are well known. Many recent studies have emphasized the protection against the harmful effects of the sun by the use of sunscreens and, moreover, by staying in the shade and wearing long-sleeved shirts, hats and sunglasses. Switzerland has one of the highest rates of skin can... | 0 |
47,027 | Advancing environmental justice through community-based participatory research | Shepard, PM; Northridge, ME; Prakash, S; Stover, G | 2,002 | null | 0 |
41,774 | Root-shoot relations: optimality in acclimation and adaptation or the "Emperor's New Clothes"? | Reich, PB | 2,002 | null | 0 |
138,128 | Dry deposition of ozone on building materials Chamber measurements and modelling of the time-dependent deposition | Grontoft, T | 2,002 | Tests of the dry deposition of ozone to the surfaces of a concrete floor tile and an activated carbon cloth (ACC) sample were performed in a deposition chamber. The time-dependent deposition of ozone to the material surfaces was modelled with an adsorption, desorption, reaction model. This made it possible to find depo... | 0 |
47,612 | Trace gas composition of mid-latitude cyclones over the western North Atlantic Ocean: a seasonal comparison of O3 and CO | Cooper, OR; Moody, JL; Parrish, DD; Trainer, M; Holloway, JS; Hubler, G; Fehsenfeld, FC; Oltmans, SJ; Evans, MJ | 2,002 | The regional- to synoptic-scale transport of trace gases from North America to the western North Atlantic Ocean (WNAO) is largely controlled by midlatitude cyclones. The four primary airstreams that compose these cyclones, the warm conveyor belt (WCB), cold conveyor belt (CCB), dry airstream (DA), and post cold front (... | 0 |
42,749 | Effect of ozone and aeroallergens on the respiratory health of asthmatics | Ross, MA; Persky, VW; Scheff, PA; Chung, J; Curtis, L; Ramakrishnan, V; Wadden, RA; Hryhorczuk, DO | 2,002 | The effect of ambient air pollutants, pollens, and mold spores on respiratory health was studied in an area with low concentrations of chemical pollutants and abundant aeroallergens. A panel of 40 asthmatic subjects living near East Moline, Illinois, recorded peak expiratory flow rates (PEFRs), respiratory symptoms, fr... | 1 |
55,441 | Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002, Pub. L. No. 107-171 | null | 2,002 | null | 0 |
52,946 | Reproductive development of blackberry (Rubus cuneifolius) as influenced by ozone | Chappelka, AH | 2,002 | The effects of ozone on reproductive development of blackberry (Rubus cuneifolius) in situ are reported here and, in particular, changes over time of flower and fruit production, and the size and time to maturity of fruits produced.
Blackberry, a common associate in early successional communities in the southern USA, ... | 1 |
35,575 | Effect of ozone prenatal exposure on postnatal development of cerebellum | Romero-Velazquez, RM; Alfaro-Rodriguez, A; Gonzalez-Pina, R; Gonzalez-Maciel, A | 2,002 | Ozone (O3) is a powerful oxidant, and in many urban centers it is a major atmospheric pollutant. It is phytotoxic and an important cause of lung dysfunction. The lungs are the most important barrier that the organism has against ozone exposure. They act as a defense mechanism by the production of superoxide dismutase, ... | 1 |
625,700 | Suramin inhibits oxidant signalling in tobacco suspension-cultured cells | Miles, GP; Samuel, MA; Ellis, BE | 2,002 | Plant cells respond to ultraviolet radiation and other oxidant-generating agents by mobilizing cellular defences, but the signal network linking perception of redox perturbation with defence remains unknown. Irradiation of tobacco suspension-cultured cells with UVC was found to induce the activation of a specific MAPK4... | 0 |
94,345 | A case study on the possible link between surface ozone photochemistry and total ozone column during the PAUR II experiment at Crete: comparison of observations with box model calculations | Zanis, P; Kourtidis, K; Rapenglueck, B; Zerefos, C; Melas, D; Balis, D; Schmitt, R; Rapsomanikis, S; Fabian, P | 2,002 | A variety of surface chemical measurements, including surface ozone, NO, NO2, NOx, peroxyacetyl nitrate, and nonmethane hydrocarbon, were carried out at a rural coastal site, Nopigia, Crete, and at a rural elevated site, Prases, Crete, within the framework of the Photochemical Activity and Ultraviolet Radiation (PAUR) ... | 0 |
42,751 | The role of pollutants in allergic sensitization and the development of asthma | Parnia, S; Brown, JL; Frew, AJ | 2,002 | null | 0 |
34,733 | Role of inhibition for temporal and spatial odor representation in olfactory output neurons: a calcium imaging study | Sachse, S; Galizia, CG | 2,002 | The primary olfactory brain center, the antennal lobe (AL) in insects or the olfactory bulb in vertebrates, is a notable example of a neural network for sensory processing. While physiological properties of the input, the olfactory receptor neurons, have become clearer, the operation of the network itself remains crypt... | 0 |
42,788 | The cause of decreased pan evaporation over the past 50 years | Roderick, ML; Farquhar, GD | 2,002 | Changes in the global water cycle can cause major environmental and socioeconomic impacts. As the average global temperature increases, it is generally expected that the air will become drier and that evaporation from terrestrial water bodies will increase. Paradoxically, terrestrial observations over the past 50 years... | 0 |
42,577 | Exposure misclassification and threshold concentrations in time series analyses of air pollution health effects | Brauer, M; Brumm, J; Vedal, S; Petkau, AJ | 2,002 | Linear, no-threshold relationships are typically reported for time series studies of air pollution and mortality. Since regulatory standards and economic valuations typically assume some threshold level, we evaluated the fundamental question of the impact of exposure misclassification on the persistence of underlying p... | 1 |
52,516 | Evaluation of modeled spatially and temporarily highly resolved emission inventories of photosmog precursors for the city of Augsburg: the experiment EVA and its major results | Slemr, F; Baumbach, G; Blank, P; Corsmeier, U; Fiedler, F; Friedrich, R; Habram, M; Kalthoff, N; Klemp, D; Kuhlwein, J; Mannschreck, K; Mollmann-Coers, M; Nester, K; Panitz, HJ; Rabl, P; Slemr, J; Vogt, U; Wickert, B | 2,002 | Emission inventories of NOx, CO, and individual volatile organic compounds (VOC), highly resolved in space and time, belong to the most important input parameters for chemistry and transport models (CTM) used for ozone prediction. Because of the decisive influence of the input quality on the outcome of CTM simulations,... | 0 |
80,045 | Mapping ozone critical levels for vegetation in central Italy | Nali, C; Pucciariello, C; Lorenzini, G | 2,002 | Within the framework of the UN-ECE Convention on Long-Range Trans-boundary Air Pollution, critical ozone levels for forest trees and crops have been determined. This paper shows the mapping results of short and long-term threshold exceedances in an area of Central Italy. Eighty-thousand hourly mean ozone concentrations... | 0 |
55,440 | Environmental dynamics and human exposure to copper Volume I: environmental dynamics and human exposure issues | Georgopoulos, P; Yonone-Lioy, MJ; Opeikum, RE; Lioy, P | 2,002 | null | 0 |
26,013 | Association between air pollution and lung function growth in southern California children: results from a second cohort | Gauderman, WJ; Gilliland, GF; Vora, H; Avol, E; Stram, D; McConnell, R; Thomas, D; Lurmann, F; Margolis, HG; Rappaport, EB; Berhane, K; Peters, JM | 2,002 | A cohort of 1,678 Southern California children, enrolled as fourth graders in 1996, was followed for 4 years to determine whether the growth in lung function of the children was associated with their exposure to ambient air pollutants. These subjects comprised the second cohort of fourth grade children participating in... | 0 |
47,883 | Radiative forcing due to reactive gas emissions | Wigley, TML; Smith, SJ; Prather, MJ | 2,002 | Reactive gas emissions (CO, NOx, VOC) have indirect radiative forcing effects through their influences on tropospheric ozone and on the lifetimes of methane and hydrogenated halocarbons. These effects are quantified here for the full set of emissions scenarios developed in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change ... | 0 |
54,088 | The origin, composition and rates of organic nitrogen deposition: a missing piece of the nitrogen cycle? | Neff, JC; Holland, EA; Dentener, FJ; Mcdowell, WH; Russell, KM | 2,002 | #Organic forms of nitrogen are widespread in the atmosphere and their deposition may constitute a substantive input of atmospheric N to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Recent studies have expanded the pool of available measurements and our awareness of their potential significance. Here, we use these measurements t... | 0 |
26,079 | Enhancement of nasal inflammatory and epithelial responses after ozone and allergen coexposure in brown Norway rats | Wagner, JG; Hotchkiss, JA; Harkema, JR | 2,002 | Repeated exposures to ozone cause inflammation and mucous cell metaplasia (MCM) in the nasal mucosa of laboratory animals. Similar cellular responses occur in humans during allergic rhinitis. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to ozone will enhance the inflammatory and epithelial responses associated with allergic ... | 1 |
34,838 | The rate of ozone uptake on carpet: mathematical modeling | Morrison, GC; Nazaroff, WW | 2,002 | #To better understand the factors that control indoor pollutant concentrations, we developed a model describing mass transport and uptake of reactive gases on carpeting. First, an existing model of particle deposition from turbulent flow to indoor surfaces was extended to include surface resistance to the uptake of rea... | 0 |
625,821 | pH in expired breath condensate of patients with inflammatory airway diseases | Kostikas, K; Papatheodorou, G; Ganas, K; Psathakis, K; Panagou, P; Loukides, S | 2,002 | Endogenous airway acidification, as assessed by pH in expired breath condensate, has been implicated in asthma pathophysiology. We measured pH in breath condensate of patients with inflammatory airway diseases in stable condition and examined its relationship with the inflammatory process (as assessed by differential c... | 1 |
46,913 | Heterogeneous and catalytic uptake of ozone on mineral oxides and dusts: a Knudsen cell investigation | Michel, AE; Usher, CR; Grassian, VH | 2,002 | #The uptake of ozone on various mineral powders has been studied using a Knudsen cell apparatus at T = 296 K. Samples included [alpha]-Al2O3, [alpha]-Fe2O3, SiO2, China loess and Saharan sand. Reactive uptake coefficients, [gamma]BET, were measured for the various particles and found to be 8 ? 5 I 10-5 for [alpha]-Al2O... | 0 |
195,900 | The use of "photogrammetry-GIS" (P-GIS) for the analysis of changes in the Tatra Mountains' natural environment | Wezyk, P; Guzik, M | 2,002 | null | 0 |
52,354 | Chemical indicators of sulfate sensitivity to nitrogen oxides an volatile organic compounds | Stein, AF; Lamb, D | 2,002 | null | 0 |
53,095 | Antioxidant status of Pinus jeffreyi needles from mesic and xeric microsites in early and late summer | Tausz, M; Herbinger, K; Posch, S; Grulke, NE | 2,002 | SUMMARY The antioxidants ascorbate, glutathione, tocopherol, protective carotenoids, and water relation parameters were investigated in previous year's needles of Pinus jeffreyi growing in mesic and xeric microsites at Sequoia National Park, California, USA. Samples were taken before (June) and within (August) the su... | 0 |
37,763 | Respiratory health among bleachery workers exposed to ozone and chlorine dioxide | Olin, AC; Granung, G; Hagberg, S; Adriansson, M; Brisman, J; Dalander, O; Karlsson, B; Toren, K | 2,002 | OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the possibility of occupational exposure to ozone increasing the risk of obstructive airway disease among bleachery workers. : Bleachery workers (N = 129) from two Swedish pulp mills using ozone for bleaching were studied together with referents (N = 80) from adjacent paper mills. Th... | 0 |
34,736 | Effects of acute sublethal exposure to coumaphos or diazinon on aquisition and discrimination of odor stimuli in the honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) | Weick, J; Thorn, RS | 2,002 | Two organophosphate compounds, coumaphos and diazinon, were examined for effects of sublethal exposure on odor learning and generalization in honey bees, Apis mellifera L. Using proboscis extension response training as a measure of odor learning and discrimination, a series of two experiments tested whether these compo... | 0 |
90,341 | Preparing to measure the effects of the NOx SIP call--methods for ambient air monitoring of NO, NO2, NOy, and individual NOz species | McClenny, WA; Williams, EJ; Cohen, RC; Stutz, J | 2,002 | The capping of stationary source emissions of NOx in 22 states and the District of Columbia is federally mandated by the NOx SIP Call legislation with the intended purpose of reducing downwind O3 concentrations. Monitors for NO, NO2, and the reactive oxides of nitrogen into which these two compounds are converted will ... | 0 |
775,194 | Free-air fumigation of mature trees: A novel system for controlled ozone enrichment in grown-up beech and spruce canopies | Werner, H; Fabian, P | 2,002 | A novel system for continuous and controlled free-air fumigation of mature tree canopies with ozone is described. Ozone generated from oxygen is diluted with air in a pressurized tank and conducted into the canopies by a system of 100 PTFE tubes hanging down from a grid fixed above the crowns. With 45 calibrated outlet... | 0 |
52,358 | Sensitivity of ozone production derived from field measurements in the Italian Po basin | Thielman, A; Prevot, ASH; Staelhelin, J | 2,002 | Ozone, nitric oxides, and total reactive nitrogen, measured at two stations in the vicinity of Milan, Italy, are used to infer information on the reactive organic gas (ROG) versus NOx sensitivity of ozone production. At the rural station, ozone production per Nox consumed is less efficient when the advected air masses ... | 0 |
30,471 | Evaluation of UV-radiation induced singlet oxygen generation potential of selected drugs | Pandey, R; Mehrotra, S; Ray, RS; Joshi, PC; Hans, RK | 2,002 | #Photosensitization reaction of drugs leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species under ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can cause tissue injury, resulting in damage to various cellular macromolecules. The aim of this study was to determine the singlet oxygen generation potential of some commonly used antibiotics so... | 0 |
30,622 | Ozone differentially modulates airway responsiveness in atopic versus nonatopic guinea pigs | Schlesinger, RB; Cohen, MD; Gordon, T; Nadziejko, C; Zelikoff, JT; Sisco, M; Regal, JF; Menache, MG | 2,002 | While acute exposures to ozone (O3) can alter airway responsiveness, effects from long-term exposures at low concentrations are less clear. This study assessed whether such exposures could induce nonspecific hyperresponsiveness in nonatopic (nonsensitized) guinea pigs and/or could exacerbate the pre-existing hyperrespo... | 0 |
24,699 | Stroke of inspiration: researchers implicate air pollution | Weinhold, B | 2,002 | null | 0 |
47,691 | Compendium of Canadian forestry statistics web site | null | 2,002 | null | 0 |
46,178 | Chemical reactions of nitrogen oxides on the surface of oxide, carbonate, soot, and mineral dust particles: implications for the chemical balance of the troposphere | Grassian, VH | 2,002 | Particles present in the Earth's atmosphere provide reactive surfaces for potentially important chemistry. The role of heterogeneous reactions of trace atmospheric gases on solid aerosol surfaces present in the troposphere is not well understood. Laboratory investigations can provide a basis for understanding the detai... | 0 |
34,792 | Particulate matter and lung function growth in children: a 3-yr follow-up study in Austrian schoolchildren | Horak, F, Jr; Studnicka, M; Gartner, C; Spengler, JD; Tauber, E; Urbanek, R; Veiter, A; Frischer, T | 2,002 | The effects of particulate matter <10 Am in diameter (PM10) and other air pollutants on lung function were assessed in 975 schoolchildren, from eight communities in Lower Austria between 1994-1997. In each community, air pollution data were collected. Spirometry was performed twice a year. PMIO concentration (mean conc... | 0 |
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