REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
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48,352 | Ozone production during an urban air stagnation episode over Nashville, Tennessee | Valente, RJ; Imhoff, RE; Tanner, RL; Meagher, JF; Daum, PH; Hardesty, RM; Banta, RM; Alvarez, RJ; Mcnider, RT; Gillani, NV | 1,998 | The highest O3 levels observed during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study in middle Tennessee occurred during a period of air stagnation from July 11 through July 15. Extensive airborne (two fixed wing and one helicopter) and ground-based measurements of the chemistry and meteorology of this episode near Nashville, Tennes... | 0 |
29,781 | Modeling the effects of meteorology on ozone in Houston using cluster analysis and generalized additive models | Davis, JM; Eder, BK; Nychka, D; Yang, Q | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 0 |
30,341 | Response of plant metabolism to air pollution and global change - impact on agriculture | Schnug, E | 1,998 | N/A. | 0 |
87,221 | Multidisciplinary rehabilitation management of depression in the carbon monoxide injured patient | Ultmann, MH; Geller, TJ; Chilakamairi, JK; Kaplan, SL | 1,998 | Carbon monoxide (CO) is one of the common inhaled intoxicants used in attempting suicide. This case report describes the multidisciplinary rehabilitation management of suicidal CO poisoning in a 13-year-old initially comatose male patient. Despite the prevalence of self-inflicted CO poisoning, this is the first detaile... | 0 |
53,332 | Hummingbird foraging at experimental patches of flowers: evidence for weak risk-aversion | Waser, NM; McRobert, JA | 1,998 | Hummingbirds foraging for nectar in mountains of the western USA encounter spatially-variable rewards under energetically-demanding environmental conditions. Previous workers have found that hummingbirds respond quickly to the average quantity and quality of reward; in addition, one might expect a response to reward va... | 0 |
48,204 | A comparison of airborne and surface trace gas measurements during the Southern Oxidants Study (SOS) | Luke, WT; Watson, TB; Olszyna, KJ; Gunter, RL; Mcmillen, RT; Wellman, DL; Wilkison, SW | 1,998 | The NOAA Twin Otter conducted more than a dozen overflights of ground-level air quality monitoring stations during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study (SOS) Nashville/Middle Tennessee Ozone Project Field Intensive. Surface and aircraft observations of ozone and ozone precursors were examined to identify systematic samplin... | 0 |
9,735 | Asthma epidemiology: principles and methods | Pearce, N; Beasley, R; Burgess, C; Crane, J | 1,998 | null | 0 |
86,108 | Cytokine mediation of ozone-induced pulmonary adaptation | Dreher, K; Jaskot, R; McKinney, W | 1,998 | null | 0 |
37,891 | Kinetics of the gas-phase reactions of OH and NO3 radicals and O3 with the monoterpene reaction products pinonaldehyde, caronaldehyde, and sabinaketone | Alvarado, A; Arey, J; Atkinson, R | 1,998 | Using a relative rate method, rate constants have been measured for the gas-phase reactions of OH and NO3 radicals with pinonaldehyde, caronaldehyde and sabinaketone at 296 ? 2 K. The OH radical reaction rate constants obtained are (in units of 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1): pinonaldehyde, 48 ? 8; caronaldehyde, 48 ? 8; an... | 0 |
15,439 | Effect of exposure to low levels of ozone on the response to inhaled allergen in allergic asthmatic patients | Hanania, NA; Tarlo, SM; Silverman, F; Urch, B; Senathirajah, N; Zamel, N; Corey, P | 1,998 | Fisons Canada, Inc. #STUDY OBJECTIVES: In a previous study published by our group, six out of nine subjects with mild allergic asthma were shown to have an enhanced response to allergen challenge following a 1-h exposure in an 0.8-m3 exposure chamber (modified from a body plethysmograph) to an average of 120 parts per ... | 0 |
57,491 | Simultaneous comparison of the personal UV exposure of two human groups at different altitudes | Kimlin, MG; Wong, JCF; Parisi, AV | 1,998 | A simultaneous comparison of human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation at two locations was performed to study the effect of environmental factors and human attitudes on personal ultraviolet exposure. The study took place on 29 October 1996 in Toowoomba (27.5 degrees S, 151.9 degrees E) and Brisbane (27.4 degrees S... | 0 |
47,153 | The Boston Residential Nitrogen Dioxide Characterization Study: classification and prediction of indoor NO2 exposure | Lee, K; Levy, JI; Yanagisawa, Y; Spengler, JD; Billick, IH | 1,998 | Gas Research Institute. Many epidemiological studies have used house characteristics associated with indoor sources as simplified proxies for personal nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) exposure. Stove type and presence of a pilot light have often been used as the two key characteristics, but significant overlaps have remained in... | 0 |
47,145 | Childhood asthma along the United States/Mexico border: hospitalizations and air quality in two California counties | English, PB; Von Behren, J; Harnly, M; Neutra, RR | 1,998 | Since the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement in 1993, there has been an increasing need to monitor environmental health trends that may be related to the rapid industrialization of the United States/Mexico border. We studied two counties on the California/Baja California border to obtain baseline data o... | 0 |
41,535 | Air pollution, forest condition and forest decline in Southern Europe | Bussotti, F; Ferretti, M | 1,998 | Over the last decades much of the work on the impact of air pollution on forests in Europe has concentrated on central and northern countries. The southern part of Europe has received far less attention, although air pollutants--especially the photochemical ones--can reach concentrations likely to have adverse effects ... | 0 |
81,467 | Formation mechanisms and chemical characteristics of elevated photochemical layers over the northeast United States | Berkowitz, CM; Fast, JD; Sprinston, SR; Larsen, RJ; Spicer, CW; Doskey, PV; Hubbe, JM; Plastridge, R | 1,998 | The chemical composition of layers of trace gas mixtures within the lower troposphere and their relationship to surface trace gas concentrations are investigated using airborne chemistry and meteorological measurements made over eastern Connecticut and central Massachusetts. Layers of photochemically aged material were... | 1 |
48,890 | Long-term concentrations of ambient air pollutants and incident lung cancer in California adults: Results from the AHSMOG study | Beeson, WL; Abbey, DE; Knutsen, SF | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; American Cancer Society. #The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of long-term concentrations of ambient air pollutants and risk of incident lung cancer in nonsmoking California adults. A cohort study of 6,338 ... | 0 |
48,366 | Nitric oxide production by simulated lightning: Dependence on current, energy, and pressure | Wang, Y; Desilva, AW; Goldenbaum, GC; Dickerson, RR | 1,998 | The production of NO has been studied by means of arc discharges in the laboratory which simulate natural lightning in current waveform and amplitude ([perspective to] 30 kA). Observations are compared to the results of a computational model that includes the dynamics of energy deposition and channel expansion, combine... | 0 |
15,493 | Neuropeptides mediate the ozone-induced increase in the permeability of the tracheal mucosa in guinea pigs | Nishiyama, H; Ikeda, H; Kaneko, T; Fu, L; Kudo, M; Ito, T; Okubo, T | 1,998 | We examined the effects of acute exposure to ozone on the permeability of the tracheal mucosa and the contribution of neural pathways to the effects of ozone using horseradish peroxidase (HRP; mol wt 40,000) as a marker of lumen-to- blood transfer of a macromolecule in guinea pigs in vivo. Each guinea pig was anestheti... | 1 |
87,203 | Relationship of inhaled ozone concentration to acute tracheobronchial epithelial injury, site-specific ozone dose and glutathione depletion in rhesus monkeys | Plopper, CG; Hatch, GE; Wong, V; Duan, X; Weir, AJ; Tarkington, BK; Devlin, RB; Becker, S; Buckpitt, AR | 1,998 | #Acute pulmonary epithelial injury produced by short-term exposure to ozone varies by site within the tracheobronchial tree. To test whether this variability is related to the local dose of ozone at the tissue site or to local concentrations of glutathione, we exposed adult male rhesus monkeys for 2 h to filtered air o... | 1 |
25,495 | A study of the suitability of KI denuders for O3 removal during carbonyl measurements | Parmar, SS; De Vera, V; Parmar, P; Hossain, M; Cawyer, J | 1,998 | Carbonyls in ambient air play a critical role in atmospheric chemistry, including ozone formation and photochemical smog. Recently mandated requirements to report ambient levels of aldehydes and ketones as a part of nationwide PAMS monitoring program underlines the importance of obtaining reliable, interference free da... | 0 |
48,310 | Emissions lifetimes and ozone formation in power plant plumes | Ryerson, TB; Buhr, MP; Frost, GJ; Goldan, PD; Holloway, JS; Hubler, G; Jobson, BT; Kuster, WC; Mckeen, SA; Parrish, DD; Roberts, JM; Sueper, DT; Trainer, M; Williams, J; Fehsenfeld, FC | 1,998 | The concept of ozone production efficiency (OPE) per unit NOx is based on photochemical models and provides a tool with which to assess potential regional tropospheric ozone control strategies involving NOx emissions reductions. An aircraft study provided data from which power plant emissions removal rates and measurem... | 1 |
193,812 | Intrauterine growth restriction: Definition and etiology | Wollmann, HA | 1,998 | Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a frequent cause of perinatal morbidity as well as of impaired growth during childhood. Therefore, a clearcut definition of IUGR to identify those babies at risk is essential: The label IUGR generally should be assigned only to those infants with birth weight and/or birth lengt... | 1 |
44,010 | Empirical evidence of growth decline related to visible ozone injury | Somers, GL; Chappelka, AH; Rosseau, P; Renfro, JR | 1,998 | #Differences in radial growth at breast height of yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and black cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) were tested between individual trees with a history of visible foliar ozone injury and those not expressing foliar injury to ozone at three sites in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, ... | 1 |
86,757 | Association between hospital emergency visits for asthma and air pollution in Valencia, Spain | Tenias, JM; Ballester, F; Rivera, ML | 1,998 | Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias.Objective - To assess the short term effect of concentrations of black smoke, sulphur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone(O3) in ambient air on emergency room visits for asthma in the city of Valencia, Spain during the period 1994-5. Methods - Ecological study with time s... | 0 |
18,352 | Atmospheric chemistry and physics: From air pollution to climate change | Seinfeld, JH; Pandis, SN | 1,998 | null | 1 |
44,104 | Comparison of the response of red oak (Quercus rubra) seedlings and mature trees to ozone exposure using simulation modeling | Weinstein, DA; Samuelson, LJ; Arthur, MA | 1,998 | #Field studies have determined that the photosynthetic rates of mature northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) trees are sensitive to ozone exposure whereas those of seedlings are not. We used a model of tree physiology to determine the consequences of these differences in photosynthetic response to carbon allocation and t... | 0 |
47,743 | Trends of ozone in the troposphere | Oltmans, SJ; Lefohn, AS; Scheel, HE; Harris, JM; Levy H, II; Galbally, IE; Brunke, EG; Meyer, CP; Lathrop, JA; Johnson, BJ; Shadwick, DS; Cuevas, E; Schmidlin, FJ; Tarasick, DW; Claude, H; Kerr, JB; Uchino, O; Mohnen, V | 1,998 | #Using a set of selected surface ozone (nine stations) and ozone vertical profile measurements (from six stations), we have documented changes in tropospheric ozone at a number of locations. From two stations at high northern hemisphere (NH) latitudes there has been a significant decline in ozone amounts throughout the... | 0 |
90,230 | Nitrogen deposition: a component of global change analyses | Norby, RJ | 1,998 | The global cycles of carbon and nitrogen are being perturbed by human activities that increase the transfer' from large pools of non-reactive forms of the elements to reactive forms that are essential to the functioning of the terrestrial biosphere. The cycles are closely linked at all scales, and global change analyse... | 0 |
41,831 | Stress-physiological investigations and chromosomal analyses on cloned Norway spruce trees exposed to various levels of ozone in open-top chambers | Wonisch, A; Muller, M; Tausz, M; Soja, G; Grill, D | 1,998 | #Antioxidants and pigments in needles as well as chromosomal aberrations in root tip meristems of young clonal Picea abies trees were investigated after exposure to different ozone concentrations (charcoal filtered, non-filtered, non-filtered +25ppb, non-filtered +50ppb) in open-top chambers for three months. The same ... | 0 |
85,593 | Health-related quality of life and activity limitation--eight states, 1995 | null | 1,998 | null | 0 |
7,686 | Bartenders' respiratory health after establishment of smoke-free bars and taverns | Eisner, MD; Smith, AK; Blanc, PD | 1,998 | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institutes of Health. CONTEXT. The association between environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and respiratory symptoms has not been well established in adults. OBJECTIVE. To study the respiratory health of bartenders before and after legislative prohibition of smo... | 0 |
80,109 | Time-series analysis of air pollution and cause-specific mortality | Zmirou, D; Schwartz, J; Saez, M; Zanobetti, A; Wojtyniak, B; Touloumi, G; Spix, C; Ponce de Leon, A; Le Moullec, Y; Bacharova, L; Schouten, J; Ponka, A; Katsouyanni, K | 1,998 | European Union Environment Research Programme. #Ten large European cities provided data on daily air pollution as well as mortality from respiratory and cardiovascular mortality. We used Poisson autoregressive models that controlled for trend, season, influenza epidemics, and meteorologic influences to assess the short... | 0 |
15,332 | Genes and ozone | null | 1,998 | New research suggests that whether or not a person reacts to toxic levels of ozone in the air depends upon their genes. If the animal studies that support this association are confirmed in humans, this newest example of the interaction between genes and the environment could have untold implications for industry, insur... | 0 |
11,983 | IL-8 is one of the major chemokines produced by monkey airway epithelium after ozone-induced injury | Chang, MM; Wu, R; Plopper, CG; Hyde, DM | 1,998 | A rhesus monkey interleukin (IL)-8 cDNA clone with >94% homology to the human IL-8 gene was isolated by differential hybridization from a cDNA library of distal airways after ozone inhalation. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry showed increased IL-8 mRNA and protein levels in epithelial cells at 1 h but not... | 1 |
26,922 | Impacts of incorporating land exchanges between forestry and agriculture in sector models | Mccarl, BA; Alig, R; Adams, DM | 1,998 | The forest and agriculture sectors are linked by having a portion of their land bases suitable for use in either sector. A substantial part of the southern land base is suitable for either forestry or agriculture use, with most of forestation on U.S. agriculture land in the South. We examine bow land exchanges between ... | 0 |
1,219 | Report from Workshop on Research Needs to Assess the Effects of Ozone on Crop, Forest, and Natural Ecosystems | Heck, WW; Furiness, CS; Cowling, EB; Sims, CK | 1,998 | Co-Sponsored by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Offices of Research and Development and Air Quality Planning and Standards, Research Triangle Park, NC and Southern Oxidants Study, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC | 0 |
52,385 | The dry stratosphere: a limit on cometary water influx | Hannegan, B; Olsen, S; Prather, M; Zhu, X; Rind, D; Lerner, J | 1,998 | The stratosphere accumulates the bulk of meteoric and cometary material that impacts the Earth and provides a measure of that flux. Recent models and measurements of the effective age of stratospheric air demonstrate our ability to simulate this buildup. Current observations of H2 0 in the stratosphere and mesosphere a... | 0 |
47,546 | Comparisons of airborne lidar measurements of ozone with airborne in situ measurements during the 1995 Southern Oxidants study | Alvarez, RJ; Senff, CJ; Hardesty, RM; Parrish, DD; Luke, WT; Watson, TB; Daum, PH; Gillani, N | 1,998 | As part of the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study (SOS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration airborne ozone lidar was deployed during June and July to provide detailed three-dimensional lower tropospheric ozone distribution information in the Nashville, Tennessee, area. The airborne portion of the study inclu... | 0 |
53,003 | Ectomycorrhizae of young and mature Scots pine trees in industrial regions in Poland | Kieliszewska-Rokicka, B; Rudawska, M; Leski, T | 1,998 | Ectomycorrhizae of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees grown inforests influenced by different levels ofair pollutants were investigated. Total numbers of mycorrhizal root tips in the soil horizons and the frequency of mycorrhizal morphotypes were compared as indicators of ectomycorrhizal status. The studies were co... | 0 |
47,115 | Human health effects of air pollution from mobile sources in Europe | Viegi, G; Enarson, DA | 1,998 | INTODUCTION Lung disease is an inordinately important contributor to the total burden of ill-health globally,7 being the leading cause of death in young children (acute respiratory infections) and the most important cause of death from a single agent in young adults (due to tuberculosis). In addition, the increasing... | 0 |
94,233 | Impact of ozone on the reproductive biology of Brassica campestris L and Plantago major L. | Stewart, CA | 1,998 | null | 1 |
4,596 | The regional NOx SIP call & reduced atmospheric deposition of nitrogen: benefits to selected estuaries | null | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Excess nutrient loads, especially that of nitrogen, are responsible for a variety of adverse consequences to the health of estuarine and coastal waters. These effects include toxic and/or noxious algal blooms such as brown and red tides, low (hypoxic) or zero (anoxic) concentration... | 0 |
84,898 | Multiple pollutants' spatio-temporal exposure characterization errors | Ito, K; Thurston, GD; Nadas, A; Lippmann, M | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Among the five widely measured National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) air pollutants (particulate matter, or PM, ozone, SO2, NO2, and CO), PM indices have most often been studied and associated with the health outcomes in past epidemiological studies. However, when multiple ... | 0 |
86,365 | Acute effects of ambient ozone on asthmatic, wheezy, and healthy children | Avol, EL; Navidi, WC; Rappaport, EB; Peters, JM | 1,998 | Health Effects Institute. Southern California children participated in a study to assess the potential acute respiratory effects of ambient ozone (O3). Asthmatic wheezy and healthy children completed a four-day protocol, once in spring and again in summer, that included the use of daily activity and symptom diaries, he... | 1 |
52,223 | Model correlations for ozone, reactive nitrogen, and peroxides for Nashville in comparison with measurements: implications for O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry | Sillman, S; He, D; Pippin, MR; Daum, PH; Imre, DG; Kleinman, LI; Lee, JH; Weinstein-Lloyd, J | 1,998 | We present an analysis of correlations between O3 , NOx reaction products (NOz), and peroxides in photochemical models for polluted environments in comparison with measurements in the vicinity of Nashville, Tennessee. This analysis is associated with the use of O3 /NOz , H2O2 /NOz , and similar ratios as indicators for... | 1 |
53,052 | Multidisciplinary study of ozone, acidic deposition and climatic effects on a mixed conifer forest in California, USA | Miller, PR; Bytnerowicz, A; Fenn, M; Poth, M; Temple, P; Schilling, S; Jones, D; Johnson, D; Chow, J; Watson, J | 1,998 | Effects of ozone, dry and wet acidic deposition and climate were studied on tree species and nutrient cycling in a southern California mixed conifer forest from 1991 to 1994 at a location within the plume of photochemical oxidant pollutants transported from the Los Angeles region to the San Bernardino mountains. Ozone ... | 0 |
87,292 | Air pollution and hospital admissions in Sydney, Australia, 1990 to 1994 | Morgan, G; Corbett, S; Wlodarczyk, J | 1,998 | OBJECTIVES: This study examined the effects of outdoor air pollutants on daily hospital admissions in Sydney, Australia.
METHODS: A time-series analysis of counts of daily hospital admissions and outdoor air pollutants (1990 to 1994) was performed, by means of Poisson regression that allowed for overdispersion and aut... | 1 |
26,724 | Effects of ozone on reproduction of two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetrannychidae) on white clover | Hummel, RL; Brandenburg, RL; Heagle, AS; Arellano, C | 1,998 | Twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is a significant pest of peanut, Arachis hypogeae L., that continues to present problems as an induced pest despite recent widespread implementation of IPM practices. Effects of ozone (O3) on reproduction of twospotted spider mites feeding on an O3-sensitive clone and a... | 0 |
87,110 | Acute effects of inhaled urban particles and ozone: lung morphology, macrophage activity, and plasma endothelin-1 | Bouthillier, L; Vincent, R; Goegan, P; Adamson, IYR; Bjarnason, S; Stewart, M; Guenette, J; Potvin, M; Kumarathasan, P | 1,998 | Health Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.#We studied acute responses of rat lungs to inhalation of urban particulate matter and ozone. Exposure to particles (40 mg/m3 for 4 hours; mass median aero-dynamic diameter, 4 to 5 "mu"m; Ottawa urban dust, EHC-93), followed by 20 hours in clean... | 0 |
16,411 | Ozone depletion and increased UV-B radiation: is there a real threat to photosynthesis? | Allen, DJ; Nogues, S; Baker, NR | 1,998 | This critical review of recent literature questions earlier predictions that photosynthetic productivity of higher plants is vulnerable to increased ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation as a result of stratospheric ozone (O3) depletion. Direct UV-B-induced inhibition of photosynthetic competence is observed only at high UV-B... | 0 |
52,413 | Ozone as a function of local wind speed and direction: Evidence of local and regional transport | Husar, RB; Renard, WP | 1,998 | Atmospheric conditions can exert a powerful influence on the distribution of pollutant concentrations in space and time. Low wind speeds lead to the buildup of high local pollutant concentrations. Strong ventilation with high wind speeds prevents the local build-up near the sources, but contributes to long-range transp... | 1 |
625,133 | Susceptibility of natural killer (NK) cells to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their restoration by the mimics of superoxide dismutase (SOD) | Nakamura, K; Matsunaga, K | 1,998 | Natural killer (NK) cells are susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lose the activity by the effects of ROS. Cancer bearing hosts usually suffer from oxidative stress (OS), and the NK-activity decreases to a significantly lower level than normal controls. Superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimicking substances, suc... | 1 |
28,176 | Interactive effects of ozone and root-knot nematode on tomato | Khan, MR; Khan, MW | 1,998 | Single and combined effects of ozone (O3) and root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita race 1) were examined on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Pusa Ruby) in closed-top chambers, using sequential and concomitant inoculation exposure treatments in 1989 and 1990. The plants were exposed to O3 for 7 h/day every... | 0 |
48,313 | Airborne lidar characterization of power plant plumes during the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study | Senff, CJ; Hardesty, RM; Alvarez RJ, II; Mayor, SD | 1,998 | One of the objectives of the 1995 Southern Oxidants Study was to assess the extent to which fossil fuel power plants contribute to high ozone episodes that often occur in the Nashville area during summer. Among other instruments, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration airborne ozone and aerosol lidar was u... | 0 |
30,106 | Elevated carbon dioxide ameliorates the effects of ozone on photosynthesis and growth: species respond similarly regardless of photosynthetic pathway or plant functional group | Volin, JC; Reich, PB; Givnish, TJ | 1,998 | Due to their different physiological effects, elevated carbon dioxide and elevated ozone might have interactive impacts on plants, and differentially so on plants differing in photosynthetic pathway and growth rate. To test several hypotheses related to these issues, we examined the physiological, morphological and gro... | 0 |
51,294 | Heterogeneous reaction of N2O5 on sodium nitrate aerosol | Wahner, A; Mentel, TF; Sohn, M; Stier, J | 1,998 | The heterogeneous reactive uptake coefficients of N2 O5 on metastable and deliquescent aerosols were determined in a large aerosol chamber at different humidities to 0.0018 plus or minus 0.0004, 0.0032 plus or minus 0.0006, and 0.023 plus or minus 0.005 at 48, 62, and 88% relative humidity and 293 plus or minus 2 K. Th... | 0 |
57,066 | Ventilation-perfusion relationships: clinical implications | Santak, B; Calzia, E; Radermacher, P | 1,998 | null | 0 |
15,429 | Regulation of alveolar macrophage and type II cell DNA synthesis: effects of ozone inhalation | Prokhorova, S; Patel, N; Laskin, DL | 1,998 | A characteristic reaction of the lung to inhaled ozone is an increase in the number of type II epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages (AMs). In the present study, we analyzed mechanisms regulating this response. Acute exposure of rats to ozone (2 parts/million, 3 h) induced expression of proliferating cell nuclear a... | 0 |
70,638 | Antioxidants and air pollution in relation to indicators of asthma and COPD | Grievink, L | 1,998 | null | 0 |
89,772 | Air pollution in the Latrobe Valley and its impact upon respiratory morbidity | Voigt, T; Bailey, M; Abramson, M | 1,998 | #OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between air pollution and respiratory morbidity. DESIGN: An ecological study of the daily hospital admissions abstracted for the 1988 calendar year. Air quality data, including nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3) and particulates, were obtained from the relev... | 0 |
86,339 | Methods development for epidemiologic investigations of the health effects of prolonged ozone exposure Part III: an approach to retrospective estimation of lifetime ozone exposure using a questionnaire and ambient monitoring data (US sites) | Kinney, PL; Aggarwal, M; Nikiforov, SV; Nadas, A | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. | 0 |
29,721 | Comprehensive characterization of aerosols in a subtropical urban atmosphere: particle size distribution and correlation with gaseous pollutants | Morawska, L; Thomas, S; Bofinger, N; Wainwright, D; Neale, D | 1,998 | Queensland Department of the Environment (Australia).#This paper presents results of two years of monitoring and research on urban particulates with a focus on submicrometer particles, conducted as a part of an ongoing program on comprehensive characterization of fine airborne particulates and their effect on environme... | 0 |
52,218 | Air quality index reporting | null | 1,998 | EPA proposes to change the uniform air quality index used by States for daily air quality reporting to the general public in accordance with section 319 of the Clean Air Act (Act). These proposed changes include the addition of the following elements: a new category described as ``unhealthy for sensitive groups,' new b... | 0 |
37,958 | Direct observation of OH production from the ozonolysis of olefins | Donahue, NM; Kroll, JH; Anderson, JG | 1,998 | Ozone olefin reactions may be a significant source of OH in the urban atmosphere, but current evidence for OH production is indirect and contested. We report the first direct observation of OH radicals from the reaction of ozone with a series of olefins (ethene, isoprene, trans-2- butene and 2,3 dimethyl-2-butene) in 4... | 0 |
11,192 | Mortalidad diaria en Santiago y su relacion con la contaminacion del aire [Daily mortality in Santiago and its relationship with air pollution] | Sanhueza, P; Vargas, C; Jimenez, J | 1,998 | BACKGROUND: Santiago de Chile, due to meteorological and topographic factors, is one the most polluted cities in the world. The adverse effects of contamination on health are relatively well known, but they may be overvalued. AIM: To evaluate the short term effects of exposure to air pollution on mortality of people ov... | 0 |
36,365 | Induction of genes for the stress proteins PR-10 and PAL in relation to growth, visible injuries and stomatal conductance in birch (Betula pendula) clones exposed to ozone and/or drought | Paakkonen, E; Seppanen, S; Holopainen, T; Kokko, H; Karenlampi, S; Karenlampi, L; Kangasjarvi, J | 1,998 | Well watered (WW) or drought-stressed (DS) saplings of ozone-sensitive and ozone-tolerant (less sensitive) birch (Betula pendula Roth) clones were exposed for 43 d to 0 nl 1-1 or 100 nl 1-1 ozone. Relative growth rates of leaves, stem, and roots, leaf discolouration, stomatal conductance and induction of genes encoding... | 0 |
17,331 | Pollutant transport during a regional O3 episode in the mid-Atlantic states | Ryan, WF; Doddridge, BG; Dickerson, RR; Morales, RM; Hallock, KA; Roberts, PT; Blumenthal, DL; Anderson, JA; Civerolo, K | 1,998 | Maryland Department of the Environment; National Science Foundation; National Park Service; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Electric Power Research Institute. Ozone (O3 ) concentrations in the Baltimore-Washington (B-W) metropolitan area frequently exceed the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQ... | 0 |
13,217 | Gas-phase ozone oxidation of monoterpenes: gaseous and particulate products | Yu, J; Cocker DR III; Griffin, RJ; Flagan | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; the Coordinating Research Council; the Chevron Corporation; the National Science Foundation. Atmospheric oxidation of monoterpenes contributes to formation of tropospheric ozone and secondary organic aerosol, but their products are poorly characterized. In this work, we report a se... | 0 |
38,015 | Case study of UV-B modification during episodes of urban air pollution | Repapis, CC; Mantis, HT; Paliatsos, AG; Philandras, CM; Bais, AF; Meleti, C | 1,998 | #Examination of the record of solar ultraviolet measurements made during the MEDCAPHOT study of air pollution in the Athens basin revealed a substantial reduction of UV-B on days with high levels of pollution. The magnitude of this relation is illustrated by a comparison of the UV on two days of a pollution episode wit... | 0 |
51,874 | Some aspects of measurement error in explanatory variables for continuous and binary regression models | Reeves, GK; Cox, DR; Darby, SC; Whitley, E | 1,998 | A simple form of measurement error model for explanatory variables is studied incorporating classical and Berkson cases as particular forms, and allowing for either additive or multiplicative errors. The work is motivated by epidemiological problems, and therefore consideration is given not only to continuous response ... | 0 |
37,996 | Atmospheric degradation of glycidaldehyde: photolysis and reaction with OH radicals | Ma, S; Barnes, I; Becker, KH | 1,998 | Epoxide aldehydes have recently been detected among the oxidation products of aromatic hydrocarbons. Many epoxides are toxic and very little is known about their atmospheric fate. The products and kinetics of the atmospheric oxidation, OH radical reaction, and photolysis of glycidaldehyde have been investigated in a la... | 0 |
53,321 | Air pollution fades the plumage of the Great Tit | Eeva, T; Lehikoinen, E; Ronka, M | 1,998 | Summary
1. Great Tits (Parus major) derive the carotenoid pigments for their yellow plumage via the prey items in their diet. Air pollution is known to affect the abundance of many forest insects, e.g. green caterpillars, which are an important source of food and pigments for tits. This study investigates whether air p... | 0 |
7,047 | Ozonolysis at vegetation surfaces: asource of acetone, 4-oxopentanal, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, and geranyl acetone in the troposphere | Fruekilde, P; Hjorth, J; Jensen, NR; Kotzias, D; Larsen, B | 1,998 | null | 0 |
76,702 | Factors affecting the detection of trends: statistical considerations and applications to environmental data | Weatherhead, EC; Reinsel, GC; Tiao, GC; Meng, XL; Choi, DS; Cheang, WK; Keller, T; DeLuisi, J; Wuebbles, DJ; Kerr, JB; Oltmans, SJ; Frederick, JE | 1,998 | Become an AGU Member
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JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 103, NO. D14, PAGES 17,149u17,162, 1998
Factors affecting the detection of trends: Statistical considerations and applications to environmental data
El... | 0 |
861 | Immunotoxicologic effects of inhaled chromium: role of particle solubility and co-exposure to ozone | Cohen, MD; Zelikoff, JT; Chen, LC; Schlesinger, RB | 1,998 | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Soluble and insoluble hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) agents are concomitantly released with ozone (O3) during welding. Although pulmonary/immunologic implications from exposure to each agent individually have been investigated, the effects from simultaneous exposure, as... | 0 |
30,114 | Nociceptive mechanisms modulate ozone-induced human lung function decrements | Passannante, AN; Hazucha, MJ; Bromberg, PA; Seal, E; Folinsbee, L; Koch, G | 1,998 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.We have previously suggested that ozone (O3)-induced pain-related symptoms and inhibition of maximal inspiration are due to stimulation of airway C fibers (M. J. Hazucha, D. V. Bates, and P. A. Bromberg. J. Appl. Physiol. 67: 1535u1541, 1989). If this were so, pain suppression or in... | 1 |
11,999 | Taurine protects rat bronchioles from acute ozone exposure: a freeze fracture and electron microscopic study | Gordon, RE; Park, E; Laskin, D; Schuller-Levis, GB | 1,998 | Dietary taurine has been shown to protect rat and hamster lung epithelia from acute oxidant injury. One of the earliest morphologic criteria of oxidant injury is the alteration of tight junctions of the peripheral lung airways. In the present study, we have used this criteria to evaluate whether taurine was capable of ... | 0 |
12,438 | IPCC Special Report on The Regional Impacts of Climate Change: An Assessment of Vulnerability | null | 1,998 | United Nations. This report has been prepared at the request of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and its subsidiary bodies (specifically, the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice-SBSTA). The special report provides, on a regional basi... | 0 |
51,406 | Symptoms in pediatric asthmatics and air pollution: differences in effects by symptom severity, anti-inflammatory medication use and particulate averaging time | Delfino, RJ; Zeiger, RS; Seltzer, JM; Street, DH | 1,998 | National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. #Experimental research in humans and animals points to the importance of adverse respiratory effects from short-term particle exposures and to the importance of proinflammatory effects of air pollutants, particularly O3. However, particle averaging time has not bee... | 0 |
47,608 | Science features in Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality System | Ching, JKS; Byun, D; Young, J; Binkowski, FS; Pleim, J; Roselle, S; Godowitch, J; Benjey, W; Gipson, G | 1,998 | INTODUCTION Air quality simulation models are important tools for use by regulatory, policy and research communities. The Clean Air Act provides a societal mandate to assess and to manage air pollution levels to protect human health and the environment. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has establ... | 0 |
697,259 | Anthropogenic forcing on tropospheric ozone and OH since preindustrial times | Wang, Y; Jacob, DJ | 1,998 | A global three-dimensional model of tropospheric chemistry is used to investigate the changes in tropospheric O-3 and OH since preindustrial times as a result of fuel combustion and industry, biomass burning, and growth in atmospheric CH4. Model results indicate a 63% increase of the global tropospheric O-3 burden from... | 0 |
56,306 | Comparison of calculated and measured peroxide data collected in marine air to investigate prominent features of the annual cycle of ozone in the troposphere | Penkett, SA; Reeves, CE; Bandy, BJ; Kent, JM; Richer, HR | 1,998 | Large amounts of data on the concentration of peroxides have been collected in vertical profiles over the North Atlantic Ocean by a Hercules aircraft. The measured peroxide concentrations have been compared with concentrations calculated by a simple algorithm derived assuming that the standing peroxide concentration is... | 0 |
42,805 | Guidelines for ecological risk assessment | null | 1,998 | These Agency-wide guidelines are provided to improve the quality and consistency of EPA's ecological risk assessments. As a next step in a continuing process of ecological risk guidance development, the guidelines draw from a wide range of source documents including peer-reviewed issue papers and case studies previousl... | 0 |
80,420 | Photochemical oxidants: uptake and detoxification mechanisms | Polle, A | 1,998 | null | 0 |
37,931 | Kinetics and mechanism of the reactions of 2,3-butadione with F and Cl atoms, UV absorption spectra of CH3C(O)C(O)CH2 and CH3C(O)C(O)CH2O2 radicals, and atmospheric fate of CH3C(O)C(O)CH2O radicals | Christiansen, LK; Sehested, J; Nielsen, OJ; Wallington, TJ; Guschin, A; Hurley, MD | 1,998 | FTIR-smog chamber techniques were used to determine rate constants for the gas-phase reaction of Cl and F atoms with CH3C(O)C(O)CH3 and --> atoms with CH3C(O)F of (4.0 +/- 0.5) x 10-13, (4.9 +/- 0.7) x 10-11, and (3.6 +/- 0.4) x 10-12 cm3 molecule-1 s-1, respectively. Two pathways for the reaction of Cl and --> atoms w... | 0 |
77,732 | Reducing the risk of accidental death due to vehicle-related carbon monoxide poisoning | Marr, LC; Morrison, GC; Nazaroff, WW; Harley, RA | 1,998 | National Science Foundation. Emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) from motor vehicles cause several hundred accidental fatal poisonings annually in the United States. The circumstances that could lead to fatal poisonings in residential settings with motor vehicles as the source of CO were explored. The risk of death in a ... | 0 |
36,601 | Flight thermogenesis and energy conservation in hovering hummingbirds | Chai, P; Chang, AC; Dudley, R | 1,998 | As the smallest homeotherms, hummingbirds suffer from low thermal inertia and high heat loss. Flapping flight is energetically expensive, and convective cooling due to wing and air movements could further exacerbate energy drain. Energy conservation during flight is thus profoundly important for hummingbirds. The prese... | 0 |
38,371 | Ozone: an abiotic elicitor of plant defence reactions | Sandermann, H, Jr; Ernst, D; Heller, W; Langebartels, C | 1,998 | The air pollutant ozone has recently been found to resemble fungal elicitors - it can induce plant signal molecules such as ethylene and salicylic acid, as well as certain genes and biosynthetic pathways associated with pathogen and oxidative defence. The action of ambient ozone on the plant defence system may predispo... | 0 |
25,402 | Long-term trends in ground level ozone over the contiguous United States, 1980-1995 | Fiore, AM; Jacob, DJ; Logan, JA; Yin, JH | 1,998 | Long-term trends of median and 90th percentile summer afternoon 03 concentrations were examined at 549 sites across the United States for the 1980-1995 period. Daily temperature data were used to account for the variability in 03 concentrations associated with temperature. Both before and after segregating the 03 data ... | 0 |
47,133 | News from the Interamerican Association of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology II IAPO's congress, Sao Paulo, Brazil, September 1997: presidential address: on pollution | Sih, T | 1,998 | N/A. | 0 |
1,146 | Ozone enhances excitabilities of pulmonary C fibers to chemical and mechanical stimuli in anesthetized rat | Ho, CY; Lee, LY | 1,998 | National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; National Science Council.Acute exposure to ozone (O3) enhances pulmonary chemoreflex response to capsaicin, and an increased sensitivity of bronchopulmonary C-fiber afferent endings maybe involved. The present study was aimed at determining the effect of O3 on the responses of ... | 0 |
7,927 | Responses of plant metabolism to air pollution and global change | null | 1,998 | null | 0 |
90,052 | Indoor climate and air quality Review of current and future topics in the field of ISB study group 10 | Hoppe, P; Martinac, I | 1,998 | In industrialized countries about 90% of the time is spent indoors. The ambient parameters affecting indoor thermal comfort are air temperature and humidity, air velocity, and radiant heat exchange within an enclosure. In assessing the thermal environment, one needs to consider all ambient parameters, the insulating pr... | 0 |
47,289 | Vertical evolution of photochemical ozone over greater Ravenna | Orciari, R; Georgiadis, T; Fortezza, F; Alberti, L; Leoncini, G; Venieri, L; Gnani, V; Montanari, T; Rambelli, E | 1,998 | BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. Measurements of photochemical ozone were carried out by a plane during the 1996 summer season over a coastal area of Northern Italy (Ravenna) in order to describe the daily vertical evolution of this pollutant. Results confirmed the presence of well marked layers in which ozone concentrati... | 0 |
21,811 | Field exposure in indoor environments as a basis for the development of a classification system for atmospheric corrosivity | Johansson, E; Rendahl, B; Kucera, V | 1,998 | Many companies today place sensitive material and equipment in environments which may cause serious technical problems and high economic losses. Three main areas are of particular concern: electrical and electronic equipment in a number of different applications, for example computers and control equipment in the proce... | 0 |
50,459 | Indoor air quality impacts of ventilation ducts: ozone removal and emissions of volatile organic compounds | Morrison, GC; Nazaroff, WW; Cano-Ruiz, JA; Hodgson, AT; Modera, MP | 1,998 | The concentrations of contaminants in the supply air of mechanically ventilated buildings may be altered by pollutant emissions from and interactions with duct materials. We measured the emission rate of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aldehydes from materials typically found in ventilation ducts. The emission ra... | 0 |
50,458 | Oxidative stress and antioxidants at biosurfaces: plants, skin, and respiratory tract surfaces | Cross, CE; Van Der Vliet, A; Louie, S; Thiele, JJ; Halliwell, B | 1,998 | Atmospheric pollutants represent an important source of oxidative and nitrosative stress to both terrestrial plants and to animals. The exposed biosurfaces of plants and animals are directly exposed to these pollutant stresses. Not surprisingly, living organisms have developed complex integrated extracellular and intra... | 0 |
86,753 | Statistical analysis of PM10 measurements in Cordoba City, Argentina | Olcese, LE; Toselli, BM | 1,998 | Daily sampling of atmospheric PM10 particulate was carried out using a continuously weighing, Tapered Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) equipped with a PM10 size selective inlet. The TEOM collects PM10 on a small filter interfaced with an inertial mass transducer, which allows near continuous weighing of the filt... | 0 |
17,268 | Carbon monoxide, ozone, and hydrocarbons in the Baltimore metropolitan area | Morales-Morales, R | 1,998 | Tropospheric ozone is one of the worst air pollution problems faced by the Baltimore area. Aircraft measurements of trace gases and meteorological variables showed that downwind ozone (O3) and carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios were the highest at the surface and decreased with altitude. Ozone, in contrast, exhibited i... | 0 |
31,688 | Photochemistry of ozone: Surprises and recent lessons | Ravishankara, AR; Hancock, G; Kawasaki, M; Matsumi, Y | 1,998 | BIOSIS COPYRIGHT: BIOL ABS. RRM JOURNAL ARTICLE METHODSFINDER ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES POLLUTION OZONE PHOTOCHEMISTRY HYDROXYL RADICAL POLLUTANT OXIDANT CARBON MONOXIDE POLLUTANT CHLORINE BROMINE NITRATES NITRATE RADICALS FORMALDEHYDE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY | 0 |
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