REFERENCE_ID int64 273 7.3M | TITLE stringlengths 4 390 | AUTHORS stringlengths 5 1.43k ⌀ | YEAR int64 1.85k 2.02k ⌀ | ABSTRACT stringlengths 1 18.4k ⌀ | CITED int64 0 1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
52,768 | Impacts of ozone on Plantago major: apoplastic and symplastic antioxidant status | Lyons, T; Ollerenshaw, JH; Barnes, JD | 1,999 | The aim of this work was to examine the correspondence between apoplastic/symplastic antioxidant status and previously reported giant age-related shifts in the ozone (O-3) resistance of Plantago major L. Seed-grown plants were fumigated in duplicate controlled environment chambers with charcoal/Purafil(R)-filtered air ... | 0 |
11,874 | Accumulation and depletion of base cations in forest floors in the northeastern United States | Yanai, RD; Siccama, TG; Arthur, MA; Federer, CA; Friedland, AJ | 1,999 | Loss of base cations from forest soils can be accelerated by acid rain, by forest regrowth following harvest removals, and by declining inputs of base cations from atmospheric deposition. Calcium losses from forest floors have been reported at several sites in the northeastern United States. To test for loss of base ca... | 0 |
87,295 | Ozone measurement with passive samplers: validation and use for ozone pollution assessment in Montpellier, France | Bernard, NL; Gerber, MJ; Astre, CM; Saintot, MJ | 1,999 | The objective of this pilot study was to determine a way of assessing personal exposure to ozone (O3) for use in a study of O3 effects on health. Passive samplers (Passam, AG) were used to measure pollution levels in Montpellier, France. They were standardized using an O3 analyzer. Blanks and duplicates were tested to ... | 0 |
48,205 | The evolution of photochemical smog in a power plant plume | Luria, M; Valente, RJ; Tanner, RL; Gillani, NV; Imhoff, RE; Mueller, SF; Olszyna, KJ; Meagher, JF | 1,999 | The evolution of photochemical smog in a plant plume was investigated with the aid of an instrumented helicopter. Air samples were taken in the plume of the Cumberland Power Plant, located in central Tennessee, during the afternoon of 16 July 1995 as part of the Southern Oxidants Study - Nashville Middle Tennessee Ozon... | 0 |
30,100 | Vegetation, fire regimes, and forest dynamics | Minnich, RA | 1,999 | The San Bernardino Mountains (SBM) have remarkably diverse shrubland and conifer forest communities in association with climatic gradients produced by large elevational relief. Wildland fire also plays a vital role affecting species composition, vegetation structure, and biogeography. In evaluating the effects of air p... | 0 |
55,044 | Detection of mineral dust over the North Atlantic Ocean and Africa with the Nimbus 7 TOMS | Chiapello, I; Prospero, JM; Herman, JR; Hsu, NC | 1,999 | It has recently been found that the ultraviolet measurements obtained with the Nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) instrument can be used to retrieve information on the distribution of aerosols over oceanic and continental surfaces. Here we examine the use of the derived TOMS aerosol index (AT) for the det... | 0 |
2,876 | Modeling the episodic transport of air pollutants from Asia to North America | Hanna, A; Mathur, R; Alapaty, K; Pinto, J | 1,999 | Introduction. Recent attention has focused on the effects of emissions in Asia as a possible source of POPs (persistent organic pollutants) and other pollutants in North America. High levels of POPs measured in northwestern Canada were found to be associated with backward trajectories which had spent the most time over... | 0 |
26,742 | Influence of air pollution on seed quality of picea obovata | Fedorkov, A | 1,999 | SUMMARY.The status of Siberian spruce seeds along a transect near the Monchegorsk nickel smelter (Kola Peninsula, Russia) was evaluated using the X-ray method. The viability of seeds was significantly reduced under severe deposition of sulphur dioxide and heavy metals. | 0 |
41,855 | Growth of mature beech in relation to ozone and nitrogen deposition: an epidemiological approach | Braun, S; Rihm, B; Schindler, C; Fluckiger, W | 1,999 | Stem increment of mature Fagus aylvatteci L from 57 plots in Switzerland was aitalysed with respect to environmental factors using multilinear regression. Nitrogen (N) deposition was positively correlated with stem growth, with an increase by 41.8% (confidence interval 38.9-44.2) per 10 kg N ha-1 a-1. There was a negat... | 0 |
26,490 | Atmospheric ozone concentration and the colour vision of insect pollinators | Dyer, AG | 1,999 | Using a theoretical model of honeybee colour vision, and considering direct and diffuse illumination conditions, it is shown that a large reduction in atmospheric ozone concentration would have a minimal effect on bee colour vision over the whole of their colour space. | 0 |
55,452 | The cost of crop damage caused by ozone air pollution from motor vehicles | Murphy, JJ; Deluki, MA; Mccubbin, DR; Kim, HJ | 1,999 | The effects of ozone air pollution on the agricultural sector are an important environmental challenge facing policy makers. Most studies of the economic impact of air pollution on agriculture have found that a 25% reduction in ambient ozone would provide benefits of at least $1-2 billion annually in the United States.... | 0 |
37,995 | Atmospheric photochemical degradation of 1,4-unsaturated dicarbonyls | Liu, X; Jeffries, HE; Sexton, KG | 1,999 | To better understand fates of aromatics hydrocarbon species in the atmosphere, we have investigated the transformation chemistry of butenedial (CHOCH=CHCHO), 4-oxo-2-pentenal (CH3COCH=CHCHO), and 3-hexene-2, 5-dione (CH3COCH=CHCOCH3). These 1,4-unsaturated dicarbonyls are known to be products of aromatic photochemical ... | 0 |
53,484 | Correction to "The pH of deliquesced sea-salt aerosol in polluted marine air" | Keene, WC; Savoie, DL | 1,999 | null | 0 |
3,421,572 | Air quality criteria for particulate matter, vol 3 [1st external review draft] | null | 1,999 | null | 0 |
55,512 | The effects of sodium erythorbate and ethylenediurea on photosynthetic function of ozone-exposed loblolly pine seedlings | Kuehler, EA; Flagler, RB | 1,999 | In an open-top chamber study in east Texas, ozone-sensitive loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) seedlings were treated with either the antioxidant Ozoban (74.5% sodium erythorbate active ingredient (a.i.)) at 0, 1030, or 2060 mg liter-1 or ethylenediurea (EDU 50% a.i.) at 0, 150, or 300 ppm every 2 weeks while being subject... | 0 |
40,348 | New directions: will a new European vegetation ozone standard be fair to all european countries? | De Santis, F | 1,999 | null | 0 |
87,306 | Formation of strong airway irritants in a model mixture of (+)-"alpha"-pinene/ozone | Wolkoff, P; Clausen, PA; Wilkins, CK; Hougaard, KS; Nielsen, GD | 1,999 | Center for Indoor Air Research. #The airway irritation of (+)-"alpha"-pinene, ozone, mixtures thereof, and formaldehyde was evaluated by a mouse bioassay, in which sensory irritation, bronchoconstriction, and pulmonary irritation were measured. The effects are distinguished by analysis of the respiratory parameters. S... | 0 |
52,428 | A textbook example of long-range transport: simultaneous observation of ozone maxima of stratospheric and North American origin in the free troposphere of Europe | Stohl, A; Trickl, T | 1,999 | We describe an episode of a stratospheric intrusion into the free troposphere over Europe followed by a long-range transport of ozone from the North American boundary layer. Observational data showed the presence of a thin tongue of stratospheric air in the free troposphere for at least 36 hours. This filament was foun... | 0 |
53,374 | Chloride and bromide loss from sea-salt particles in the southern ocean air | Ayers, GP; Gillett, RW; Cainey, JM; Dick, AL | 1,999 | Datasets on aerosol composition in Southern Ocean air at Cape Grim and Macquarie Island, and rainwater composition at Cape Grim, have been analysed for sea-salt components in order to test the validity of the multiphase autocatalytic halogen activation process proposed initially by Sander and Crutzen (1996) and develop... | 0 |
26,447 | Growth response of grassland species to ozone in relation to soil moisture and plant strategy | Bungener, P; Nussbaum, S; Grub, A; Fuhrer, J | 1,999 | Plant species typical of semi-natural grasslands were tested for their sensitivity to long-term ozone effects on growth under two irrigation regimes, and the relationship between ozone sensitivity, relative growth rate, and plant strategy was analysed. Individuals of 24 grasses, herbs and legumes were grown in pots and... | 0 |
11,283 | Atmospheric chemistry of methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl: photolysis, reaction with hydroxyl radicals and ozone | Wallington, TJ; Sokolov, O; Hurley, MD; Tyndall, GS; Orlando, JJ; Barnes, I; Becker, KH; Vogt, R | 1,999 | #The atmospheric fate of MMT has been studied using laboratory smog chamber systems. MMT absorbs strongly in the UV-visible region from 210 to 400 nm with (333 nm) = (1.9 ? 0.2) I 10-18 cm2 molecule-1 and undergoes photolysis at a rate estimated to be (1.3 ? 0.1) I 10-2 s-1 for a typical summer day at a latitude of 40... | 0 |
9,780 | Influence of NOx emissions from ships on tropospheric photochemistry and climate | Lawrence, MG; Crutzen, PJ | 1,999 | European Union SINDICATE project. Emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx, the sum of NO and NO2) from fossil-fuel burning dominate the NOx burden of the lower troposphere in many regions. These emissions increase tropospheric ozone and hydroxyl-radical concentrations over their natural 'background' levels, thereby increasin... | 0 |
11,522 | Aldehydes (nonanal and hexanal) in rat and human bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after ozone exposure | Frampton, MW; Pryor, WA; Cueto, R; Cox, C; Morrow, PE; Utell, MJ | 1,999 | Health Effects Institute.We hypothesized that exposure of healthy humans to ozone at concentrations found in ambient air causes both ozonation and peroxidation of lipids in lung epithelial lining fluid. Smokers (12) and nonsmokers (15) were exposed once to air and twice to 0.22 ppm ozone for four hours with exercise in... | 0 |
38,003 | The rate and mechanism of the gas-phase oxidation of hydroxyacetone | Orlando, JJ; Tyndall, GS; Fracheboud, JM; Estupinan, EG; Haberkorn, S; Zimmer, A | 1,999 | #The rate and mechanism for gas-phase destruction of hydroxyacetone, CH3C(O)CH2OH, by reaction with OH, Cl-atoms, and by photolysis have been determined. The first quantitative UV absorption spectrum of hydroxyacetone is reported over the wavelength range 235 to 340 nm; the spectrum is blue-shifted by about 15 nm relat... | 0 |
156,829 | Sectoral emission inventories of greenhouse gases for 1990 on a per country basis as well as on 1?? 1? | Olivier, JGJ; Bouwman, AF; Berdowski, JJM; Veldt, C; Bloos, JPJ; Visschedijk, AJH; van der Maas, CWM; Zandveld, PYJ | 1,999 | A set of global greenhouse gas emission inventories has been compiled per source category for the 1990 annual emissions of the direct greenhouse gases CO2, CH4 and N2O, as well as of the indirect greenhouse gases (ozone precursors) CO, NOx and NMVOC, and of SO2. The inventories are available by sector, both on a per co... | 0 |
52,952 | Mature black cherry used as a bioindicator of ozone injury | Chappelka, A; Skelly, J; Somers, G; Renfro, J; Hildebrand, E | 1,999 | Incidence and severity of foliar symptoms due to ambient ozone exposures were documented on mature black cherry (Prunus serotina) in two National Parks [Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) and Shenandoah National Park (SHEN)] in the Appalachian Mountains of the eastern USA during the summer of 1991-1993. Three p... | 1 |
631,185 | Tropical tropospheric ozone (TTO) maps from Nimbus 7 and Earth Probe TOMS by the modified-residual method: Evaluation with sondes, ENSO signals, and trends from Atlantic regional time series | Thompson, AM; Hudson, RD | 1,999 | The modified-residual (MR) method for retrieving time-averaged stratospheric ozone and tropospheric ozone column amounts from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) is applied to the 14 complete calendar years of Nimbus 7 observations (1979?1992). These are available as digital data at http://metosrv2.umd.edu/ ~tr... | 1 |
17,592 | Street level versus rooftop concentrations of submicron aerosol particles and gaseous pollutants in an urban street canyon | Vakeva, M; Hameri, K; Kulmala, M; Lahdes, R; Ruuskanen, J; Laitinen, T | 1,999 | Maj and Tor Nessling Foundation. | 0 |
47,918 | Radiative forcing from tropospheric ozone calculated with a unified chemistry-climate model | Mickley, LJ; Murti, PP; Jacob, DJ; Logan, JA; Koch, DM; Rind, D | 1,999 | We have developed a global model for the study of chemistry-climate interactions by incorporating a detailed simulation of tropospheric ozone-NO(x) -hydrocarbon chemistry within a general circulation model (GCM). We present a first application of the model to the calculation of radiative forcing from tropospheric ozone... | 1 |
37,975 | Effects of aerosols on tropospheric photolysis rates in clear and cloudy atmospheres | Liao, H; Yung, YL; Seinfeld, JH | 1,999 | The effect of aerosols on 14 tropospheric photolysis reactions is examined under noncloudy and cloudy sky conditions by using a detailed one-dimensional radiative transfer model. Pure (NH sub(4) ) sub(2) SO sub(4) , pure soot, and internal and external mixtures of the two aerosols, as well as mineral dust aerosol, are ... | 0 |
52,929 | Influence of ozone on cold acclimation in sugar maple seedlings | Bertrand, A; Robitaille, G; Nadeau, P; Castonguay, Y | 1,999 | Summary During summer 1994, sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) seedlings were grown in open-top chambers supplied with air containing near ambient ozone concentration (control, low O3) or three times the ambient ozone concentration (high O3). The rate of CO2 assimilation was significantly reduced by chronic exposure ... | 0 |
12,658 | Asthma guidelines: an assessment of physician understanding and practice | Doerschug, KC; Peterson, MW; Dayton, CS; Kline, JN | 1,999 | In 1997 the NHLBI updated guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. We hypothesized that not all components of the updated guidelines are well understood by the physicians who care for asthmatics. To develop appropriate educational interventions that address areas of physician misunderstanding, it is impor... | 0 |
52,389 | Assimilation of total ozone satellite measurements in a three-dimensional tracer transport model | Jeuken, ABM; Eskes, HJ; Van Velthoven, PFJ; Kelder, HM; Holm, EV | 1,999 | The optimal-interpolation data-assimilation technique is used to combine TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder total-ozone columns with the three- dimensional tracer transport model TM3. An ozone chemistry parametrization and dry deposition of ozone are added to the model to give it the ability to simulate realistic ozone... | 0 |
52,390 | The relative roles of climate and emissions changes on future tropospheric oxidant concentrations | Johnson, CE; Collins, WJ; Stevenson, DS; Derwent, RG | 1,999 | A Lagrangian chemistry-transport model (STOCHEM) was driven with meteorology derived from a slab ocean general circulation model for conditions appropriate to the present-day and at double 002, and with emission scenarios appropriate for present day conditions and for the year 2075. The results show conclusively that t... | 1 |
11,180 | Spatial-temporal models for ambient hourly PM10 in Vancouver | Li, KH; Le, ND; Sun, L; Zidek, JV | 1,999 | In this article we develop and compare several space-time models for hourly ambient PM10 collected in the Vancouver area. The models consist of a deterministic trend plus stochastic residuals. We find that the ambient PM10 field over the area has an essentially constant temporal pattern across its monitoring sites; the... | 0 |
47,917 | Climate forcing due to tropospheric and stratospheric ozone | Kiehl, JT; Schneider, TL; Portmann, RW; Solomon, S | 1,999 | Radiative forcings, preindustrial to present, are presented due to changes in both tropospheric and total ozone. Unlike previous studies, we use a combination of present-day satellite data, ozonsondes, and a chemistry model to produce a hybrid monthly mean ozone data set from 1870 to 1990. We calculate the radiative fo... | 1 |
48,382 | The role of vertical mixing in the temporal evolution of ground-level ozone concentrations | Zhang, JS; Rao, ST | 1,999 | Aircraft measurements taken during the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone-Northeast field study reveal the presence of ozone concentration levels in excess of 80 ppb on a regional scale in the nocturnal residual layer during ozone episodes. The air mass containing increased concentrations of ozone ... | 0 |
53,066 | Tree responses to rising CO2 in field experiments: implications for the future forest | Norby, RJ; Wullschleger, SD; Gunderson, CA; Johnson, DW; Ceulemans, R | 1,999 | ABSTRACT The need to assess the role of forests in the global cycling of carbon and how that role will change as the atmospheric concentration of CO2 increases has spawned many experiments over a range of scales. Experiments using open-top chambers have been established at many sites to test whether the short-term re... | 0 |
79,199 | Effects of chronic ozone and elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations on ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate in soybean (Glycine max) | Reid, CD; Fiscus, EL; Burkey, KO | 1,999 | Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) pool size was determined at regular intervals during the growing season to understand the effects of tropospheric ozone concentrations, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and their interactions on the photosynthetic limitation by RuBP regeneration. Soybean (Glycine max [... | 0 |
93,689 | Role of carbon dioxide in modifying the plant response to ozone | Polle, A; Pell, EJ | 1,999 | INTRO.The tropospheric concentrations of CO2 and ozone (O3), have increased from preindustrial levels of about 280 ppm and 0.005-0.01 ppm, respectively, to current concentrations of about 365 ppm and 0.015-0.030 ppm, respectively (Enquete Commission, 1995 | 1 |
2,828 | Characteristics and significance of atmospheric carbon monoxide consumption by soils | King, GM | 1,999 | National Science Foundation. | 1 |
55,442 | Impacts of increased climate variability on the profitability of Midwest agriculture | Dixon, BL; Segerson, K | 1,999 | Approximate profit functions are estimated using time-series, cross-sectional, county level data for 12 midwest states. Measures of climate variability are included in the profit functions. Simulated impacts of climate changes on profits are derived. Results show that inclusion of measures of climate variation are impo... | 0 |
195,290 | Preparation and study of epoxidized natural rubber | Heping, Y; Sidong, L; Zheng, P | 1,999 | Epoxidized natural rubbers (ENRs) with different extents of epoxidation (B) were prepared under various reaction conditions. The effects of the amount of H2O2 and the reaction time on B are discussed. The glass transition temperature T-g, the thermal degradation temperature and the activation energy of thermal degradat... | 0 |
52,381 | Export of pollutants from eastern Asia: A simulation of the PEM-West (B) aircraft mission using a 3-D model driven by assimilated meteorological fields | Bey, I; Yantosca, RM; Jacob, DJ | 1,999 | null | 0 |
15,038 | Studies on the biological effects of ozone: 10 Release of factors from ozonated human platelets | Valacchi, G; Bocci, V | 1,999 | In a previous work we have shown that heparin, in the presence of ozone (O3), promotes a dose-dependent platelet aggregation, while after Ca2+ chelation with citrate, platelet aggregation is almost negligible. These results led us to think that aggregation may enhance the release of platelet components. We have here sh... | 0 |
3,421,569 | Air quality criteria for particulate matter, vol 1 [1st external review draft] | null | 1,999 | null | 0 |
12,275 | Bayesian model averaging: A tutorial | Hoeting, JA; Madigan, D; Raftery, AE; Volinsky, CT | 1,999 | Standard statistical practice ignores model uncertainty. Data analysts typically select a model from some class of models and then proceed as if the selected model had generated the data. This approach ignores the uncertainty in model selection, leading to over-confident inferences and decisions that are more risky tha... | 0 |
53,394 | Ozone in the remote marine boundary layer: A possible role for halogens | Dickerson, RR; Rhoads, KP; Carsey, TP; Oltmans, SJ; Burrows, JP; Crutzen, PJ | 1,999 | On the spring 1995 cruise of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration research vessel Malcolm Baldrige, we measured very large diurnal variations in ozone concentrations in the marine boundary layer. Average diurnal variations of about 32% of the mean were observed over the tropical Indian Ocean. We simulate... | 1 |
13,091 | Development of nonflammable, environmentally compliant fluoroiodocarbon (FIC) solvents Phase II final report, Aug 1995-Dec 1998 | Glass, S; McCullough, E; Dhooge, P; Olson, K; Nimitz, JS | 1,999 | A new class of high-performance, nonflammable, clean-evaporating, low-toxicity, non-ozone-depleting, extremely low global warming solvents has been developed. This project identified and validated optimal solvents containing fluoroiodocarbons (FICs) as Freon 113 replacements in cleaning operations. The characteristics ... | 0 |
52,935 | Wet and dry pollutant deposition to the mixed conifer forest | Bytnerowicz, A; Fenn, ME; Miller, PR; Arbaugh, MJ | 1,999 | The Mediterranean climate in southern California regulates wet and dry deposition characteristics in the San Bernardino Mountains (SBM). Long dry periods in combination with the large air pollution emissions from mobile and stationary sources in the greater Los Angeles area lead to elevated concentrations of ozone and ... | 0 |
24,811 | Indoor ozone/terpene reactions as a source of indoor particles | Weschler, CJ; Shields, HC | 1,999 | #This paper reports effects of reactions between ozone and selected terpenes on the concentrations and size distributions of airborne particles in a typical indoor setting. The studies were conducted in adjacent, identical offices. In the first set of experiments, known concentrations of ozone and a selected terpene (e... | 0 |
23,419 | Differential responses to nitrogen fertilization in native shrubs and exotic annuals common to Mediterranean coastal sage scrub of California | Padgett, P; Allen, EB | 1,999 | This study examined the growth responses of exotic annuals and native shrubs to elevated N levels to test the hypothesis that increased N availability favors nitrophilous annuals over the slower-growing shrubs. The vegetation structure of the coastal sage scrub ecosystems in southern California is shifting from shrubla... | 0 |
79,171 | Influence of daily carbon dioxide exposure duration and root environment on soybean resonse to elevated carbon dioxide | Heagle, AS; Booker, FL; Miller, JE; Pursley, WA; Stefanski, LA | 1,999 | null | 0 |
48,231 | The effect of O2 and NO2 on the ring retaining products of the reaction of toluene with hydroxyl radicals | Moschonas, N; Danalatos, D; Glavas, S | 1,999 | #The reaction of toluene with hydroxyl radicals produces ring retaining products either from H-atom abstraction from the methyl group: benzaldehyde and benzylalcohol or from the addition of the hydroxyl radical to the aromatic ring: o-, m+p-cresol. The yields obtained in experiments carried out in nitrogen and in air... | 0 |
16,972 | On measurement error adjustment methods in Poisson regression | Fung, KY; Krewski, D | 1,999 | This paper echoes the familiar warning that additive measurement error and multicollinearity in the explanatory variables can mislead investigators in multiple Poisson regression analysis. Often, a causal variable measured with error may be overlooked and its significance transferred to another covariate. Two measureme... | 0 |
80,116 | Observations and model simulaions link stomatal inhibition to impaired hydraulic conductance following ozone exposure in cotton | Grantz, DA; Zhang, X; Carlson, T | 1,999 | null | 0 |
16,369 | Effects of rural area VOC and NOx emissions on tropospheric ozone concentrations | Sung, HM; Wyles, T; Otwell, L | 1,999 | Most pulp and paper mills and many wood product facilities are major sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and significant sources of nitrogen oxides (NOx). VOCs and NOx are both precursors to the formation of tropospheric ozone. However, mitigation of the impact of these two pollutants on the formation of ozone... | 0 |
47,920 | Radiative forcing and climate sensitivity: The ozone experience | Christiansen, B | 1,999 | The climatic impact of ozone perturbations is studied with a general-circulation model by considering both the radiative forcing at the tropopause and the change in the near-surface temperature. In particular, we focus on the vertical sensitivity by imposing the perturbations in different vertical layers. The simulatio... | 1 |
26,401 | Marssonina leafspot disease of poplar under elevated ozone: pre-fumigated host and in vitro studies | Beare, JA; Archer, SA; Bell, JNB | 1,999 | The effects of O3 on leafspot disease of poplar were assessed for the pathogen (Marssonina tremulae Lib.) in isolation and combined with the host Populus trichocarpa T&GxPopulus balsamifera Duroi non L. in enclosed chamber fumigation experiments. O3 exposure of 150 nl l-1, 8 h day-1, for 7 days and 200 nl l-1, for 8 h,... | 0 |
688,834 | Free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) in global change research: A review | Mcleod, AR; Long, SP | 1,999 | There have been many experimental studies to evaluate the response of vegetation to the effect of increases in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (p CO2) that are expected to occur during the next century. This knowledge is important for the future protection of food supplies, for understanding ch... | 1 |
35,307 | Effects of tropospheric ozone on trembling aspen and interaction with CO2: Results from an O3-gradient and a FACE experiment | Karnosky, DF; Mankovska, B; Percy, K; Dickson, RE; Podila, GK; Sober, J; Noormets, A; Hendrey, G; Coleman, MD; Kubiske, M; Pregitzer, KS; Isebrands, JG | 1,999 | Over the years, a series of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones differing in 0(3) sensitivity have been identified from OTC studies. Three clones (216 and 271[(O(3) tolerant] and 259 [O(3) sensitive]) have been characterized for O(3) sensitivity by growth and biomass responses, foliar symptoms, gas exc... | 1 |
35,271 | Simulation of growth and development processes of spring wheat in response to CO2 and ozone for different sites and years in Europe using mechanistic crop simulation models | Ewart, F; Van Oijen, M; Porter, JR | 1,999 | The response of crop growth and yield to CO2 and ozone is known to depend on climatic conditions and is difficult to quantify due to the complexity of the processes involved. Two modified mechanistic crop simulation models (AFRCWHEAT2-O3 and LINTULCC), which differ in the levels of mechanistic detail, were used to simu... | 0 |
53,390 | Laser-induced fluorescence detection of atmospheric NO2 at parts per trillion mixing ratios: implications for nitrogen oxide photochemistry in the stratosphere and troposphere [abstract] | Cohen, RC | 1,999 | Tropospheric NO2 mixing ratios vary from 10's of parts per billion (ppb) in cities to below 10 parts per trillion (ppt) in remote regions of the atmosphere. We describe a laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) instru- ment designed for accurate (+/-5%, 1'omega'), continuous, autonomous, in situ observations of NO2 in any of ... | 0 |
51,290 | Fractionation of inorganic nitrates in winter Arctic troposphere: coarse aerosol particles containing inorganic nitrates | Hara, K; Osada, K; Hayashi, M; Matsunaga, K; Shibata, T; Iwasaka, Y; Furuya, K | 1,999 | Atmospheric aerosol particles and acidic gases were collected at Ny-Alesund, Norwegian high Arctic, in winter (December - March) of 1994/1995, 1995/1996 and 1996/1997 to understand the sink processes of atmospheric inorganic nitrate and reactive nitrogen oxides. Atmospheric inorganic nitrates were mostly present as par... | 0 |
41,860 | Visible ozone injury on forest trees in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA | Chappelka, A; Somers, G; Renfro, J | 1,999 | During the summer of 1991 ozone injury trend plots in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA, consisting of mature black cherry, sassafras and yellow-poplar were established near three ozone monitors, ranging in elevation from 597-1265 m. Beginning in mid-August 1991-1993, three exposed branches each from the upper-a... | 1 |
869 | Surveillance for morbidity and mortality among older adults--United States, 1995-1996 | Desai, MM; Zhang, P; Hennessy, CH | 1,999 | null | 0 |
91,122 | Introduction to atmospheric chemistry | Jacob, DJ | 1,999 | null | 1 |
47,419 | Fate of long-lived trace species near the Northern Hemispheric tropopause: carbon dioxide, methane, ozone, and sulfur hexafluoride | Zahn, A; Neubert, R; Maiss, M; Platt, U | 1,999 | The mixing ratios of CO2, CH 4, O3, and SF6 were measured in 118 whole air samples collected onboard a Transall C-160 aircraft around the NH extratropical tropopause in the winters 1993-1994 and 1994-1995. The samples originate mainly from the upper troposphere ( similar to 7 km) and partly from the lowermost stratosph... | 0 |
26,452 | Effects of elevated ozone on CO2 uptake and leaf structure in sugar maple under two light environments | Back, J; Vanderklein, DW; Topa, MA | 1,999 | The interactive effects of ozone and light on leaf structure, carbon dioxide uptake and short-term carbon allocation of sugar maple (Acer saccharumn Marsh.) seedlings were examined using gas exchange measurements and 14C-macroautoradiographic techniques. Two-year-old sugar maple seedlings were fumigated from budbreak... | 0 |
11,421 | Ozone patterns for three metropolitan statistical areas in North Carolina, USA | Aneja, VP; Oommen, RG; Riordan, AJ; Arya, SP; Wayland, RJ; Murray, GC | 1,999 | null | 0 |
53,050 | Impact of oxidant air pollutants on forest succession in the mixed conifer forests of the San Bernardino Mountains | McBride, JR; Laven, RD | 1,999 | Chronic air pollution is an anthropogenic disturbance that may be influencing plant succession in the San Bernardino Mountains. Westman (1979, 1981) suggested that air pollution induced successional changes that were occurring in the coastal sage scrub communities of southern California. Air pollution differentially af... | 1 |
30,303 | Response of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to ozone in relation to plant age and light conditions during exposure | Sild, E; Pleijel, H; Sellden, G | 1,999 | Potted subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) plants of different ages were exposed to 70 n1(-1) ozone for 6 h, either during the light or during the dark period in a laboratory-based climate chamber. There was limited visible leaf iniury on plants which were 14-20 and 28-34 d old and no significant decrease in b... | 0 |
48,217 | Remotely sensed specific humidity: development of a derived product from the GOES Imager Channel 3 | Moody, JL; Wimmers, AJ; Davenport, JC | 1,999 | #The analytic expression relating GOES-E/W chan nel 3 water-vapor radiance to relative humidity is used along with upper-troposphere temperature observations to derive a high horizontal resolution brightness temperature product that correlates well with measured specific humidity. Moisture information in raw water-vapo... | 0 |
53,941 | Photoformation of hydroxyl radical in sea salt particles | Anastasio, C; Newberg, JT; Williams, DK; Chu, GB; Matthew, BM | 1,999 | null | 0 |
15,340 | Effects of low ozone-oxygen concentrations on the acetylcholine release at the mouse neuromuscular junction | Re, L; Valli, A; Barocci, S; Giammarchi, V; Se | 1,999 | The use of a mixture of low concentrations of ozone (O3) with oxygen (O2) have been proved to be useful in different human pathological conditions. Owing to a lack of both pharmacological and epidemiological basic studies, the scientific consideration of this therapeutic potential is still inappropriate. Here, we start... | 0 |
25,479 | Atmospheric formic and acetic acids: an overview | Khare, P; Kumar, N; Kumari, KM; Srivastava, SS | 1,999 | Interest in the role of organic acids as chemical constituents in troposphere has been growing rapidly over the past couple of decades. In addition to their presence in the atmosphere in a variety of phases, organic acids are important constituents of the global troposphere and contribute a large fraction (~25%) to the... | 0 |
672,964 | Growth of Arabidopsis flavonoid mutants under solar radiation and UV filters | Fiscus, EL; Philbeck, R; Britt, AM; Booker, FL | 1,999 | Growth of the chalcone isomerase defective tt-5 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana and its Landsberg erecta progenitor were compared under a variety of full spectrum solar radiation conditions to determine if the tt-5 mutant could serve as an adequate subject for studies of the mechanisms of damage by UV-B radiation. An ex... | 1 |
1,272 | Inhibition of ozone-induced lung neutrophilia and nuclear factor-kappaB binding activity by vitamin A in rat | Hisada, T; Adcock, IM; Nasuhara, Y; Salmon, M; Huang, TJ; Barnes, PJ; Chung, KF | 1,999 | Vitamin A binds to retinoic acid receptors, which in turn may interact with other transcription factors. We determined its effect (2500 and 5000IU/kg) on nuclear factor-kappa B binding activity in the lung, airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in rats exposed to ozone. Ozone (3 ppm, 3 h) caused neutrop... | 0 |
36,369 | Differential response of four tree species to ozone-induced acceleration of foliar senescence | Pell, EJ; Sinn, JP; Brendley, BW; Samuelson, L; Vinten-Johansen, C; Tien, M; Skillman, J | 1,999 | Ozone (O3)-induced accelerated senescence of leaves was measured in four tree species: black cherry (Prunus serotina), hybrid poplar (Populus maximowiczii X trichocarpa, clone 245), northern red oak (Quercus rubra) and sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Seedlings or ramets of the four species were subjected to chronic O3 ex... | 1 |
81,489 | Impact of California reformulated gasoline on motor vehicle emissions 2 Volatile organic compound speciation and reactivity | Kirchstetter, TW; Singer, BC; Harley, RA; Kendall, GR; Hesson, JM | 1,999 | This paper addresses the impact of California phase 2 reformulated gasoline (RFG) on the composition and reactivity of motor vehicle exhaust and evaporative emissions. Significant changes to gasoline properties that occurred in the first half of 1996 included an increase in oxygen content; decreases in alkene, aromatic... | 0 |
9,778 | An enhanced ozone forecasting model using air mass trajectory analysis | Cobourn, WG; Hubbard, MC | 1,999 | Air Pollution Control District of Jefferson County (?); LGE Energy Corporation; University of Louisville Research Foundation. | 0 |
87,300 | Simplified model for the prediction of ozone generation in polluted urban areas with continuous precursor species emissions | Trevino, C; Mendez, F | 1,999 | CONACyT, Mexico. #In this paper we study the transient ozone generation process in polluted urban areas, using a simplifed set of chemical reactions for the NOx and hydrocarbon photolysis. We obtained a reduced kinetic mechanism and it is solved using the boundary layer theory due to the appearance of two time scales ... | 0 |
53,080 | Insects and pathogens in a pollution-stressed forest | Pronos, J; Merrill, L; Dahlsten, D | 1,999 | A healthy forest is comprised of trees and the plant, animal, and microbial communities with which they are normally associated. Native insect herbivores and pathogens of forest trees perform important functions in natural ecosystems, killing decadent trees, recycling nutrients, and creating gaps for regeneration. Thes... | 0 |
53,461 | Referenzspektren reaktiver halogenverbindungen fur DOAS-messungen | Honninger, G | 1,999 | null | 0 |
16,196 | Interactions between cytochrome P-450 activities and ozone-induced modulatory effects on endothelial permeability in rabbit lungs: influence of gender | Delaunois, A; Florquin, S; Segura, P; Montano, LM; Vargas mH; Gustin, P | 1,999 | The effects of rabbit exposure to ozone (O(3)) (0.4 ppm for 4 h) on two different cytochrome P-450 (CYP450)-dependent activities were investigated. In turn, the role of CYP450 in the inhibitory effect of O(3) on acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked increase in endothelial permeability was also assessed. Immediately after the per... | 0 |
37,912 | Nighttime tropospheric chemistry: kinetics and product studies in the reaction of 4-alkyl- and 4-alkoxytoluenes with NO3 in gas phase | Bolzacchini, E; Meinardi, S; Orlandi, M; Rindone, B; Hjorth, J; Restelli, G | 1,999 | Alkylbenzenes are important constituents of gasoline and industrial solvents and contribute to the formation of tropospheric ozone. The removal of these compounds from the troposphere is due to reaction with OH during the day and with NO[sub 3] during the night. Five para-substituted toluene are reacted with the nitrat... | 0 |
87,298 | Structural analysis and flux associations of CO2, H2O, heat and ozone over cotton and grape canopies | Mitic, CM; Massman, WJ; Schuepp, PH; Collett, JL, Jr | 1,999 | California Air Research Board; Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. International Journal of Remote Sensing 11 (2),
237?251.#Micrometeorological tower data, collected over grape and cotton canopies as part of the California ozone deposition experiment (CODE) during the summer of 1991, are used to... | 0 |
157,053 | Compound Identification in Organic Aerosols Using Temperature-Programmed Thermal Desorption Particle Beam Mass Spectrometry | Tobias, HJ; Ziemann, PJ | 1,999 | Identification of organic compounds in multicomponent organic aerosols is demonstrated using temperature-programmed thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometry. Aerosol particles are efficiently sampled into a high-vacuum chamber using aerodynamic focusing techniques followed by impaction onto a cold metal foil.... | 0 |
15,328 | Burnt by the sun down under | Brown KS | 1,999 | Researchers should have plenty of time to study possible effects in New Zealand and elsewhere. The 1987 Montreal Protocol and its amendments, which restrict the use of ozone-destroying chemicals, have stemmed the flood of damaging pollutants reaching the stratosphere. But it will take decades for the ozone layer to rec... | 0 |
87,301 | Demonstrating attainment in Atlanta using urban airshed model simulations: impact of boundary conditions and alternative forms of the NAAQS | Saylor, RD; Chameides, WL; Chang, ME | 1,999 | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Georgia Department of Natural Resources. #Urban Airshed Model-Version IV (UAM-IV) simulations on 7-8 July, 1988 for the Atlanta, Georgia, nonattainment area are used to investigate how recent changes in the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) and changes in boundary conc... | 0 |
91,632 | Seasonal sulfate deposition and export patterns for a small Appalachian watershed | Edwards, PJ; Gregory, JD; Allen, HI | 1,999 | Sulfate deposition and exports from 1988u92 were analyzed for a small headwater catchment in north-centralWest Virginia.Annual sulfate inputs, estimated by applying throughfall-adjusted ratios to bulk deposition values, and outputs were approximately equal for the five years. Annual mean throughfall-adjusted deposition... | 0 |
4,152 | A framework for an ecosystem integrity report card | Harwell, MA; Myers, V; Young, T; Bartuska, A; Gassman, N; Gentile, JH; Harwell, CC; Appelbaum, S; Barko, J; Causey, B; Johnson, C; McLean, A; Smola, R; Templet, P; Tosini, S | 1,999 | U.S. Department of State; U.S. Army Corps. of Engineers; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. #Ecosystem management is a structured process for society to define what ecological condition is desired at each part of a region and to develop and implement management policies designed to achieve that mosaic of ... | 0 |
13,263 | Biomonitoring using accessible human cells for exposure and health risk assessment | Salama, SA; Serrana, M; Au, WW | 1,999 | #A major goal for genetic toxicologist is to provide precise information on exposure and health risk assessment for effective prevention of health problems. A frequently used approach for population study has been to utilize readily available blood cells (lymphocytes and red blood cells) as sentinel cell types to detec... | 0 |
12,002 | Ozone exposure at a construction site | Hall, RM; Page, E | 1,999 | Conclusion. Ozone samples collected at area sample location A2 indicate that there was a potential for workers to be exposed to ozone concentrations above established occupational exposure criteria. Many of the symptoms reported by the workers at the construction site (i.e., irritating odor, irritation of the eyes and ... | 0 |
11,425 | Does pollution increase or decrease tropospheric ozone in winter-spring? | Parrish, DD; Ryerson, TB; Holloway, JS; Trainer, M; Fehsenfeld, FC | 1,999 | null | 0 |
47,165 | Factors influencing ozone chemistry in subsonic aircraft plumes | Das Moulik, M; Milford, JB | 1,999 | This study investigates several factors that could influence ozone chemistry occurring in subsonic aircraft plumes in the upper troposphere. The study focuses on uncertainties in gas-phase rate parameters, but also examines the influence of selected heterogeneous reactions, the rate of expansion of the plume, ambient a... | 0 |
41,499 | The European critical levels for ozone: improving their usage | Grunhage, L; Jager, HJ; Haenel, HD; Lopmeier, FJ; Hanewald, K | 1,999 | The European critical levels (CLs) for ozone (O3) to protect crops, natural and semi-natural vegetation, as well as forest trees, are expressed as an Accumulated exposure Over a Threshold of 40 ppb (AOT40). In principle, this exposure index should represent the O3 concentrations at the upper boundary of the quasi-lamin... | 0 |
57,504 | Sun exposure at school | Moise, AF; Buttner, PG; Harrison, SL | 1,999 | null | 0 |
55,069 | Calculation of daily tropospheric ozone residuals using TOMS and empirically improved SBUV measurements: application to an ozone pollution episode over the eastern United States | Fishman, J; Balok, AE | 1,999 | A new technique for determining the integrated amount of ozone in the troposphere using concurrent observations from solar backscattered ultraviolet (SBUV) and Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) data has been developed and is compared with various data sets. The technique makes use of the SBUV observations in the ... | 0 |
7,611 | Modelling NOx from lightning and its impact on global chemical fields | Stockwell, DZ; Giannakopoulos, C; Plantevin, PH; Carver, GD; Chipperfield, MP; Law, KS; Pyle, JA; Shallcross, DE; Wang, KY | 1,999 | We have used a three-dimensional off-line chemical transport model (CTM) to assess the impact of lightning emissions in the free troposphere both on NOx itself and on other chemical species such as O-3 and OH. We have investigated these effects using two lightning emission scenarios. In the first, lightning emissions a... | 0 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.