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Parco in Festa
domenica 26 maggio 2013
Biciclettata in compagnia
nel Parco del Roccolo
per apprezzare le bellezze naturali e culturali
del nostro territorio.
PROGRAMMA
Partenza alle ore 10.00 da:
- Busto Garolfo: Parco Comunale Via Mazzini
- Canegrate: Centro Sportivo Via Terni
- Casorezzo: Campo Sportivo Via della Repubblica
- Arluno: Sede del Parco del Roccolo Via 8 ottobre 2001
- Nerviano: Parco del Comune Via Marzorati
- Parabiago: Piazza Paolo VI (Ravello)
Percorso di circa 15 km principalmente su strade sterrate, con destinazione finale il "Laghetto Cantone" a Nerviano
Pranzo al sacco o presso lo stand gastronomico con servizio al tavolo.
Dalle ore 15.00 musica, animazione per bambini, esposizione trattori d'epoca e mostra mercato di prodotti agricoli locali.
In caso di maltempo la biciclettata sarà posticipata alla domenica successiva
In collaborazione con
Radici nel Cielo
Legambiente
Salviamo il Paesaggio
La Libreria che non c'è
In collaborazione con Comitato Radici nel Cielo di Busto Garolfo, Circoli Legambiente di Arluno, Canegrate, Nerviano, Parabiago, associazione "Libreria che non c'è"
Si ringraziano le Protezioni Civili e le Guardie Ecologiche Volontarie del Parco del Roccolo per il servizio d'ordine durante la manifestazione.
Il Parco del Roccolo declina ogni responsabilità per danni o incidenti che potrebbero verificarsi durante la manifestazione. | <urn:uuid:aa18e6ad-6c9b-469a-89ac-e36589480d89> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 1,396 |
Addenbrooke House Ironmasters Way Telford TF3 4NT
COUNCIL CONSTITUTION COMMITTEE
Enquiries Regarding this Agenda
Democratic Services Jayne Clarke/ Rhys Attwell
01952 383205/ 01952
382195
Media Enquiries
Corporate Communications
01952 382406
Lead Officer
Anthea Lowe, Associate Director: Policy &
Governance
01952 383200
Committee Membership: Councillors V A Fletcher, I T W Fletcher, C F Smith (Vice-Chair), M J Smith
(Chair), B J Thompson, W L Tomlinson and D R W White
AGENDA
1. Apologies for Absence
2. Declarations of Interest
3. Minutes of the Previous Meeting
To confirm the minutes of the previous meeting.
4.
Administrative Changes to current Constitution
To receive a verbal update.
5. Constitution Review
3 - 4
To Follow | <urn:uuid:1dd6b5b9-3348-44e5-b7a8-0c2744cebbe2> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 760 |
UCLPartners Board
Tuesday 22 nd April 2014, 4:00-6:00pm
UCLPartners Boardroom
3 rd Floor 170 Tottenham Court Road
AGENDA
Formal Items
1. Minutes from January Board
2. Apologies
3. Matters Arising
Standing Items
4. Managing Directors Report: UCLPartners report to NHS England Chief Executive
5. Finance and Corporate Update
Strategic Item
6. Tackling the global problem of Dementia | <urn:uuid:2ef9b42a-f67d-43bb-9dbd-5617b70915d3> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 390 |
Technical Data Sheet Primax Regal Weather Care
Product description
Primax Regal Weather Care is a 100% pure acrylic based paint specially formulated to with stand the harsh, hot and humid climate of subcontinent. The special acrylic binder gives a durable and long lasting matt finish with low dirt pickup. Primax Weather Care's special formulation will also protect against concrete carbonation. It is ideal for decorating and protecting exterior surfaces and specially suited as a maintenance product.
Recommended use
For use on most exterior surfaces onto concrete and cement plaster. Can also be used as topcoat on other emulsion based paints and as a topcoat for textured, rough textured and Graffitto systems.
Film thickness and spreading rate
Physical properties
Colour Refer to the Primax Weather Care Shade Card.
Solids (vol %)*
34 ± 2
*
Measured according to ISO 3233:1998 (E)
Surface preparation
The substrate must be sound, clean, dry, free from dust, oil, grease and laitance etc. All traces of release agents must be removed. On chalky and dusty surfaces, all loose material must be removed by stiff bristle brushing.
Other surfaces
The coating may be used on other substrates.
Application methods
Spray Use airless spray or conventional spray
Brush Recommended
Roller Recommended
Application data
Thinner/CleanerWater
Guiding data airless spray
Pressure at nozzle140 - 190 kg./cm² (2100 p.s.i.)
Nozzle tip0.021" - 0.027"
Spray angle65° - 80°
Note Check to ensure that filters are clean.
Drying time
Drying times are generally related to air circulation, temperature, film thickness and number of coats, and will be affected correspondingly. The figures given in the table are typical with:
* Good ventilation (Outdoor exposure or free circulation of air)
* Typical film thickness
* One coat on top of inert substrate
* Relative humidity 70%
Substrate temperature
10°C 23°C 40°C
Surface dry
12 h 6 h 2 h
Through dry
16 h 8 h 4 h
Dry to recoat, minimum 1
12 h 6 h 2 h
Dry to recoat, maximum 2,3
1. Recommended data given for recoating with the same generic type of paint.
2. In case of multi-coat application, drying times will be influenced by the number and sequence and by the total thickness of previous coats applied – reference is made to the corresponding system data sheet.
3. The surface should be dry and free from any contamination prior to application of the subsequent coat.
The given data must be considered as guidelines only. The actual drying time/times before recoating may be shorter or longer, depending on film thickness, ventilation, humidity, underlying paint system, requirement for early handling and mechanical strength etc. A complete system can be described on a system sheet, where all parameters and special conditions could be included.
Typical paint system
Primax Exterior Primer 1 coat
Primax Exterior Wall putty 1-2 Coats
Primax Weather Care 2-3 coats
Other systems may be specified, depending on area of use
Storage
The product must be stored in accordance with national regulations. Storage conditions are to keep the containers in a dry, cool, well ventilated space and away from source of heat and ignition. Containers must be kept tightly closed.
Handling
Handle with care. Stir well before use.
Packing size
1 Ltrs, 4 Ltrs. G and 16 Ltrs.
Health and safety
Please observe the precautionary notices displayed on the container. Use under well ventilated conditions. Do not breathe or inhale mist. Avoid skin contact. Spillage on the skin should immediately be removed with suitable cleanser, soap and water. Eyes should be well flushed with water and medical attention sought immediately.
For detailed information on the health and safety hazards and precautions for use of this product, we refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet.
DISCLAIMER
The information in this data sheet is given to the best of our knowledge based on laboratory testing and practical experience. However, as the product is often used under conditions beyond our control, we cannot guarantee anything but the quality of the product itself. We reserve the right to change the given data without notice. | <urn:uuid:836c9068-2a3d-493a-ad6a-2fd72fcc230b> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 4,243 |
Mediavine, founded in 2004, now exclusively represents 10,000 publisher partners and is a Comscore Top 20 property.
**THE CHALLENGE**
Mediavine launched its OpenRTB-based native solution in late 2020 to diversify demand for existing ad placements.
This was a great alternative to the standard 300x250 banner, offering advertisers and users an engaging ad experience to combat “banner blindness.” Building their own OpenRTB native solution allowed Mediavine to control the look and feel of native ads. However, Mediavine still faced challenges in driving more native demand.
**THE SOLUTION: PUBMATIC'S SCALE & SPEED**
PubMatic’s OpenRTB native support and scaled DSP portfolio enabled a smooth integration, seamless launch, and expedited ramp-up.
After only two months live, PubMatic had risen to become Mediavine’s number-two OpenRTB native partner. Since launching native with PubMatic, Mediavine has achieved a 24% increase in monthly native revenue.
**SUCCESS BY THE NUMBERS**
By partnering with PubMatic, Mediavine saw a significant uplift in monetized impressions, average CTR, and revenue.
- **26% Average impression lift**
- **65% Average CTR lift**
- **24% Average lift in revenue**
---
1. Average lift in impressions from native OpenRTB inventory via PubMatic
2. Average lift in CTR based on the last 30 days of data via PubMatic inventory
3. Average lift in revenue from native OpenRTB inventory via PubMatic
---
©2023 PubMatic, Inc. PubMatic is a registered trademark of PubMatic, Inc., U.S. Pat. & Tm. Off. and other countries. Other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. | 7d671454-4fb5-4beb-8c5b-bf4930fbe0a7 | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 1,616 |
Con fecha de efectos 28 de Marzo de 2017, la Sra. Ana Sastre Pérez presentó su dimisión como Presidenta de la Federación Española de Petanca.
Por lo cual, producida vacante sobrevenida en la Presidencia, se iniciarán nuevas Elecciones a Presidente en los términos establecidos en el Capítulo 3 del Reglamento electoral de la Federación Española de Petanca. Lo que se comunicará convenientemente.
Mario GONZÁLEZ GOZALBES
SECRETARIO GENERAL FEP | <urn:uuid:9ccd4322-3e64-411e-b952-9e04a139fa83> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train | finepdfs | spa_Latn | 445 |
PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT NO. 1 of Whatcom County
Contact: Ann Grimm, Commission Clerk (360)384-4288 ext. 27
NOTICE OF SPECIAL COMMISSION MEETING FOR PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT NO. 1 OF WHATCOM COUNTY
Notice is hereby given that the Board of Commissioners of Public Utility District No. 1 of Whatcom County (District) will hold a Special Meeting on Monday, September 11, 2023 from 3:00 PM to 4:30 PM in-person (only) at the District Administration Office, located at 1705 Trigg Road, Ferndale, WA.
The purpose of the Special Meeting will be to present an informational work shop on rates. The agenda shall be:
1. Call to Order; 2. Rate Study Presentation; 3. Adjourn. No formal action is expected during this meeting. The special meeting is anticipated to last ninety (90) minutes. No public comment will be taken. All Commissioners will participate in-person.
DRAFT
PUBLIC UTILITY DISTRICT NO. 1 of Whatcom County
Agenda for the Special Meeting of September 11, 2023 3:00 p.m. at the District Office 1705 Trigg Road, Ferndale, WA 98248
(In-person only)
1. Call to Order
2. Presentation of Rate Study
3. Adjourn (4:30 PM - estimated)
Next Commission Meeting
September 12, 2023 |8:15 a.m.| Regular Meeting – District Office 1705 Trigg Road, Ferndale, WA 98248
Contact: Ann Grimm, Commission Clerk at (360) 384-4288 x 27 • www.pudwhatcom.org
2023 BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
ATUL DESHMANE, PRESIDENT CHRISTINE GRANT, VICE PRESIDENT JAIME ARNETT, SECRETARY | <urn:uuid:ec9597fc-3083-4d82-b768-08ecfd652f67> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 1,465 |
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Copyright code : 6bdfe05acab11b6e3ed0c6a531d10e77 | <urn:uuid:8915cb54-5d03-4dbe-88ae-62d0e34762f1> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 8,484 |
China Falls Homeowner's Association (CFHA)
Annual Meeting, February 1st, 2006 Meeting Minutes
Attending: Doug Blik (DB), Ann Jewett (AJ), Lisa Vold, (LV), Alex Malesis (AM) and residents of China Falls
1. Introduction of current Board members.
3. ACC committee information was discussed. Another committee was also formed to help for the summer BBQ. The volunteers for that committee included Darren Watson, lot 30, Alan Brown, lot 77, Tammy Merrill, lot 28, and Susan Marashi lot 50.
2. Board took control in March, and now it is time to review the Budget for the upcoming 2006 budget. Budget was discussed, and there was a motion to ratify the 2006 budget, the motion was seconded, and there was unanimous approval of the budget.
4. Neighborhood Issues were discussed. Parking was discussed, and it was explained that there were notices left on individual cars regarding those cars being left for extended periods of time on the street, which is a violation of the CCR's. It was also discussed that there will be fines levied on problem vehicles. Animals were discussed, and one resident brought up that owners need to be more respectful in cleaning up their dogs' feces and not letting dogs urinate on resident's properties.
5.1. Question on the area to the north of China Falls, and why it is being cleared. Board does not know what is going on in there yet.
5. The floor was opened for questions and suggestions for our neighborhood from the residents that attended the meeting:
5.2. Question on lot 38 and what is happening with that lot. Board discussed that lot 38 is development that will occur far in the future. No plans have been discussed with Board for any immediate action for that area by the developer (John Dulcich).
5.4. Question on why there are still trees laying around that the city felled to clear, but that the city has not come back to clean up their mess. Board needs to follow up to get city to clean up what they cut.
5.3. Question on who to contact for the water issue which is ongoing for lot 61. Board recommended resident contact Roger Kirkendahl to follow up.
5.5. Question about getting a stop sign between lot 77 and 30 for safety issues, and especially for the safety issue of children being in that area for the nearby neighborhood park. Board needs to follow up with city planners on getting a stop sign in that area.
5.7. Question on the individual lamp posts that are in the front of each home, and that 22 of them are currently not operating. Board needs to send a reminder to homes to check that the lamps are working, and to remind them to change bulbs or the fuses that run the lamps. It was suggested that the Board should send out
5.6. Question on beautifying the area between lot 13 and 14 which is now currently just a barricade until the road is continued. Same idea for area between lot 37 and 39. Board will follow up on these ideas.
directions on how to operate the sensor that is on the side of the house that makes these lamps run. The lamps need to operate not only for the ascetics of the neighborhood, but for the safety of residents walking in the area and for emergency workers to be able to see house numbers and walk safely in those situations.
6. The floor was opened for volunteers for Board positions. 5 volunteers were nominated and voted to be approved as members of the Board for 2006. Doug Blik, Ann Jewett, Fred Henning, Lisa Vold, and Alex Malesis were all approved to continue their positions on the 2006 Board.
5.8. The website was discussed, and that the Board is looking to upgrade the website in the near future. It was discussed that the CCR's are on the website, and that the minutes will be updated as soon as the Board has chosen a website company to operate the site.
Next Meeting: March 1st, 2006
Meeting adjourned. | <urn:uuid:378a4412-06df-4860-86ac-edc7dfdfdccf> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 3,823 |
ΔΕΛΤΙΟ ΤΥΠΟΥ
Ο πρώην Υπουργός Εξωτερικών της Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας κ. Ιωάννης Κασουλίδης εντάσσεται στην EuroAfrica Interconnector Πρόεδρος του Συμβουλίου Στρατηγικής
Λευκωσία, 04 Απρίλη 2018 – To EuroAfrica Interconnector, ο φορέας υλοποίησης της Ηλεκτρικής Διασύνδεσης χωρητικότητας 2000 μεγαβάτ που διασυνδέει τα ηλεκτρικά δίκτυα της Αιγύπτου, της Κύπρου, της Κρήτης-Αττικής στην Ελλάδα και της Ευρώπης, έχει την τιμή να ανακοινώσει ότι ο πρώην Υπουργός Εξωτερικών της Κύπρου κ. Ιωάννης Κασουλίδης έχει ενταχθεί στην EuroAfrica Interconnector αναλαμβάνοντας τη θέση του Πρόεδρου του Στρατηγικού Συμβουλίου.
«Εκφράζομε την μεγάλη μας χαρά και τιμή για το γεγονός ότι ο Δρ. Ιωάννης Κασουλίδης έχει ενταχθεί στην EuroAfrica Interconnector. Η
πρωτοφανής σταδιοδρομία του και η εντυπωσιακή του παρουσία στα διεθνή πολιτικά δρώμενα είναι μεγάλης σημασία για το έργο EuroAfrica Interconnector. Ένα έργο που κτίζει γέφυρες μεταξύ ηπείρων και συμβάλλει στην οικονομική και κοινωνική ευημερία όλων των πολιτών των εμπλεκόμενων χωρών,» δήλωσε ο Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος κ. Νάσος Κτωρίδης.
Ο Δρ. Κασουλίδης υπηρέτησε ως Υπουργός Εξωτερικών από το 1997 έως το 2003 υπό τον Πρόεδρο Γλαύκο Κληρίδη και από το 2013 έως την 1η Μαρτίου 2018 υπό τον Πρόεδρο Νίκο Αναστασιάδη. Το 2003, ως Υπουργός Εξωτερικών, ο κ. Κασουλίδης επέβλεψε τη διαδικασία ένταξης της Κύπρου στην ΕΕ. Υπήρξε ακόμη, μέλος της Κυπριακής Βουλής των Αντιπροσώπων, Κυβερνητικός Εκπρόσωπος και μέλος του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου από το 2004 έως το 2013, όπου κατείχε διάφορες θέσεις σε επιτροπές συμπεριλμβανομένου του προέδρου της Ομάδας Εργασίας Εξωτερικών Υποθέσεων.
Ο Ιωάννης Κασουλίδης έχει δεχτεί μια σειρά από τιμητικές παρασημοφορήσεις. Μεταξύ άλλων έχει παρασημοφορηθεί ως Ταξιάρχης του Τάγματος του Φοίνικα της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Ταξιάρχης του Τάγματος της Τιμής της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας και Ταξιάρχης του Τάγματος της Ξίρκα της Μάλτας.
Με την ανώτατη διάκριση του Πατριαρχείου Αλεξανδρείας, τον Μεγαλόσταυρο του Αποστόλου Μάρκου, παρασημοφόρησε τον απερχόμενο Υπουργό Εξωτερικών, Ιωάννη Κασουλίδη, ο Πατριάρχης Αλεξανδρείας και πάσης Αφρικής, Θεόδωρος Β' στις 23 Φεβρουαρίου 2018. Τον τίμησε για την πολύχρονη προσφορά του στην πατρίδα και την εκκλησία και τον χαρακτήρισε «γίγαντα της διπλωματίας».
Για περισσότερες πληροφορίες, παρακαλώ επικοινωνήστε με:
Γραφείο Τύπου
κ. Μασίς Ντερ Παρτόγ
++35722792100, Ext. 123
firstname.lastname@example.org | <urn:uuid:54d645ca-ef94-41f3-8abc-26b219776870> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ell_Grek/train | finepdfs | ell_Grek | 2,422 |
A NOTE FROM THE GOOD NEWS TEAM
We are very excited to present the members of The Good News Team: Claudia Iannelli (co-chair), Cecilia Aguirre Villagomez (co-chair), Shannon McWilliams (good news author), Kristen Raymond (copy editor/staff spotlight), Aileen Norton (copy editor), Shaleeta Pearson (member), Kimberly Slavsky (member) and Melissa Sinclair (member). Please visit our submission page where you can share questions, comments, shout outs or ideas for a future article. You can also indicate if you wish to join The Good News Team and specify how you want to help!
Click on this box to be directed to our submission page!
Telemedicine Poised to Improve Clinical Care, Research and Administration
As the department continues to further its mission, “Brain health for all, for life,” Telemedicine Programming is gearing up for major advancements in the near future. Over the past 20 years, Dr. Jay Shore has focused on the use of technology in his practice in psychiatry and mental health. As the Director of DOPsych Telemedicine Programming, Dr. Shore has plans to create a world-class service, improving access to high quality psychiatric and psychological care for patients and communities. When asked why “telemedicine” instead of telepsychiatry, he explained that this technology will promote collaboration across medical specialties and will encompass much more than traditional psychiatric care. Furthermore, he foresees Telemedicine Programming impacting all aspects of departmental services, including research and administration—not just clinical care.
As technology expands, the necessity to utilize technology in medicine rises. As our world continues to become increasingly digital, we are likely to have what Dr. Shore called “hybrid relationships”—relationships maintained over multiple platforms. In other words, we now easily communicate with those around us in various ways. On any given day, we may communicate with one person via telephone, email, text, apps and video calls in addition to in-person interactions.
Dr. Shore expects telemedicine to improve the experience of clinical patients and research participants in terms of convenience, privacy/confidentiality, and access. Telemedicine can be more convenient for patients and study participants because it can lower the time burden required for consistent care, decrease travel time and allow visits to proceed even if travel to the office is not possible. Due to the stigma which unfortunately can still surround mental healthcare, some people do not feel comfortable sitting in a waiting room at a clinic.
Telemedicine may be a viable option for these patients, increasing the instances of seeking and maintaining treatment. It also serves a clinical function because providers can observe people in their home environment, lending to more robust treatment methods. Finally, communities with traditionally poor access will now have increased options for care, including integrated care services. For example, DOPsych will grow its partnership with the Department of Family Medicine and the Helen and Arthur E. Johnson Depression Center through the Telemedicine Program, to introduce psychiatric care in the primary care setting. While currently serving one location, the intention is to make care accessible to all 50,000 patients served at all seven Family Medicine outpatient clinics.
With regard to the plan for more general roll-out of telemedicine services for the department at large, Dr. Shore explains several steps are required first. Plans include hiring a program manager as well as creating policies and training for implementation of the technology. Taking the time up front to bring more uniform protocols and standards for things like scheduling, billing and tech requirements will allow for a smooth roll-out. Dr. Shore believes it will also be imperative for trainees and new staff to work with the technology hands on, as opposed to just hearing about it in lectures. Therefore, it will also be important to build use of the new services into our training programs. Of course, not every patient will benefit, but Dr. Shore believes telemedicine is a tool all our providers should have at their disposal and it should always be an option for the plan of care, based on patient decision and provider discretion. The DOPsych is excited to be on the forefront of mental healthcare advancement!
Research from a team led by Camille Hoffman, MD, Sharon Hunter PhD, and Robert Freedman MD, was ranked one of the top 10 Breakthroughs for 2019 by the Brain & Behavior Research Foundation!
Researchers have obtained further evidence that during pregnancy, the presence of adequate levels of choline—an essential nutrient in the mother’s system—has a protective role in the development of the fetal brain and on behavior in children following birth. The new evidence bolsters the case for choline supplementation during pregnancy, a measure now advised by the American Medical Association but which is not yet common practice in this country or worldwide. Noting that their study supported the case for prenatal maternal choline supplementation, the team highlighted that prenatal vitamins currently contain as little as 10mg. This is a small fraction of the 900mg their research recommends in addition to the dietary intake of 550mg. Infections during pregnancy, including the flu and respiratory illness, can happen to any woman, and these infections predispose the offspring to future mental illness. Choline supplementation offers a way for mothers to protect their unborn children from this unforeseeable and often unpreventable risk.
Click here to read more
TEAM SPOTLIGHT
GARRETT LATIMER
Garrett's nominators said, "Garrett is such an important member of the DOPsych family who impacts such a wide variety of faculty and staff across the department. We appreciate that he is always smiling and positive, even though technology issues can be stressful. We also appreciate all of the help he has given us in getting new PRAs up and running and upgrading to Windows 10 before the deadline."
Please enjoy his Q&A below!
❓ When did you start working for the DOPsych at Anschutz?
I started working at CU Anschutz for the Department of Psychiatry in June 2018.
❓ What accomplishment are you most proud of to date?
Not work related, but in 2017 I completed the Great Divide Mountain Bike Route which is 2,800 miles from Canada to Mexico. I would like to do another similar trip sometime soon.
❓ What is your professional area of interest?
I have a degree in IT, I have been an IT Tech for a while now, and I would like to stay in IT. At this point I am just focused on gaining as much knowledge as I can and working my way up the ranks in the IT world.
❓ What’s your biggest professional goal?
Work hard and retire early!
❓ What was your very first job?
I was a stock boy at a local grocery store in my hometown.
❓ What is your favorite Colorado activity?
Sitting in hours of I-70 traffic every weekend in order to enjoy our amazing Rocky Mountains.
❓ What is your favorite season of the year and why?
Winter, I love snow.
❓ What’s your dream vacation spot or trip?
Everywhere, I love to travel and would like to see as many different places as I can.
Is there something you love about working in the DOPsych? Click here to share your answer and see it featured in the February issue of The Good Newsletter!
988 NATIONAL SUICIDE PREVENTION HOTLINE ONE STEP CLOSER TO REALITY!
Michael Allen, MD, has been working on the idea with stakeholders nationwide for years. “Part of the desire is not just to create a simpler number but to develop a better system,” Allen told FOX31.
Click here to read the article.
APPLICATIONS FOR THE 2020 PSYCHIATRY UNDERGRADUATE RESEARCH PROGRAM AND LEARNING EXPERIENCE (PURPLE) ARE NOW OPEN!
Applications are due no later than March 16th at 12:00 a.m. MST
CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION.
CONGRATULATIONS TO ALL OF OUR TRAINEES WHO PASSED THEIR INITIAL AMERICAN BOARD OF PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY CERTIFICATION IN PSYCHIATRY!
Ahmad Adi, MBBS - Forensic
Jana Bhuiyan, MD - Child
Dan Defrancisco, MD - Forensic
Jesse Hinckley, MD, PhD - Child
Allison Hoff, MD - Child
Suzanne Huberty, MD - Child
Anastasia Klott, MD - Child
John Knox, DO - Forensic
Helena Winston, MD - Consult Liaison
Shout Outs and In the News!
Congratulations Dr. Heru!
Alison Heru, MD received the Pioneer Award at the 2020 University of Colorado Hospital Medical Staff Annual Awards!
Jason Williams, PsyD was interviewed by The Denver Post
In 2018, Children’s Hospital of Colorado saw the most psychiatric emergency visits — about 4,100 — in a 10-year period. The number has decreased slightly, with the facility estimating it will have 3,700 visits this year, said Jason Williams.
Click here for the full article.
Audrey Dumas, MD was interviewed by 9News!
Emergency doctors at Denver Health have noticed the age of their patients has been dropping over the last six months. DOPsych Assistant Professor Audrey Dumas, who works in the Psychiatric Emergency Department at Denver Health, said they’re seeing young children come through the hospital emergency doors every day.
Click here to read the full story.
Published!
The following list represents some of our faculty with recent publications!
Clare Paterson, Brooke Cumming, and Amanda Law
Devika Bhatia, Susan K. Mikulich-Gilbertson and Joseph T. Sakai
Click the article graphics to be redirected to the full-text papers!
Steve Berkowitz, MD was featured by USA Today!
In an opinion column, Dr. Berkowitz said, “As these children and parents arrive at our doorstep seeking asylum, as is their legal right, it is wrong for this administration to knowingly place them in dangerous environments when safe alternatives exist and their presence in the United States has no negative impact on our society. It is our duty to protect them.”
Click here to read the column.
Devika Bhatia, MD was awarded the NIDA-AACAP Resident Training Award in Substance Use Disorders. This award enrolls her in a year long program with AACAP and provides her about $10k in research related support. Devika is a first year child psychiatry fellow at Children’s Hospital of Colorado and is interested in pursuing post-doctoral research training and then an academic career after completing clinical training.
She was also interviewed by Doctor’s Lounge about how providers should recognize opioid use by teens can be a red flag for other dangers.
Click here to read the article.
Our new Children’s Colorado Health Pavilion is open. Located in the heart of some of Aurora’s oldest neighborhoods, it’s home to a network of community health providers and partners ready to provide comprehensive care for kids!
Christian Hopfer, MD was featured in 5280 Magazine!
Dr. Hopfer, a substance abuse expert, says “When people quit using [drugs or alcohol], they often find they have a lot of time on their hands. You have to fill it doing something else, and it has to be rewarding.”
Click here to read more.
Give it up for Jim Pavlik!
Jim Pavlik, MA, CTTS, sought to answer the burning question on everyone’s mind relative to nicotine addiction: can electronic nicotine delivery systems, called ENDS, really help people quit smoking? According to Pavlik, that’s the wrong question. “It’s more important as providers that we recognize that people ARE using them to quit or reduce smoking. We also know that some adults have been successful using ENDS this way. The question we need answered is, ‘what do we do now?’”
Click here to read the full article.
Congratulations to the following faculty who passed their American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology re-certification!
Neill Epperson, MD
Steve Berkowitz, MD
Kim Kelsay, MD
This month, we celebrate the life of Martin Luther King Jr. and his fight for civil rights. Dr. King reminds us all to fight darkness with light; to fight hate with love. He believed that life’s most persistent question is, “What are you doing for others?” We are uniquely poised in the DOPsych to be able to live in his spirit everyday in the way we treat our patients, our colleagues and our communities. May we all strive to follow his most important example.
Department Diversity Potluck
On January 24th, many members of the DOPsych family came together to share food from their heritage in a communal meal!
Faculty and staff enjoyed traditional dishes from many cultures including American South, Italian, Jewish, Indonesian, German, Palestinian and Korean!
Beginning in February, every month we will be featuring a lab or research program within the DOPsych! Featured labs will share their faculty and staff, research trials and areas of impact! Click here to be directed to our submission page to nominate a lab for next month! | c56cb9dc-652b-4ee5-a91b-bbe321f53fce | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 12,826 |
Le talent de la polyvalence
Polyvalent et modulaire, Bel répond à toutes les idées, souhaits et exigences en matière d’aménagement. Et leur donne vie avec légèreté et style. Avec ses facettes multiples, sa simplicité et sa fraîcheur, Bel est le meilleur allié de votre salle de bain.
L’ensemble composé du plan de toilette avec un meuble sous vasque et d’une armoire de toilette ainsi qu’une grande colonne propose une invitation au calme, de la légèreté et des rangements. À l’intérieur des meubles : des compartiments pratiques pour optimiser l’espace. Des détails élégants comme le miroir grossissant intégré, un miroir dans la porte intérieure ou bien encore le réglage de l’intensité de la lumière sur l’armoire de toilette.
SURFACES
Vous trouverez plus de matériaux, de couleurs et de motifs avec lesquels personnaliser les surfaces de vos meubles de salle de bain Bel, dans l’annexe de produits à partir de la page 133.
JOLIMENT CUVRÉ !
Le cuivre est la nouvelle star parmi les accessoires d’ameublement. Avec une couleur et une brillance incroyablement chaleureuses, la corbeille et le plateau sont des objets tendance pour lesquels on craque sans hésiter.
UN VÉRITABLE CHARME
Après la douche ou le bain, on se laisse volontiers envelopper dans des serviettes de bain douces et épaisses ainsi que des serviettes pour les mains dans des couleurs naturelles douces et contrastées.
UN PARFUM EN(V)IVRANT
Les jolis diffuseurs en porcelaine décorés d’une fleur en papier diffusent un doux parfum qui se répand dans la salle de bain pour offrir un sentiment de bien-être.
Salle de bain ou vacances ? Bel offre toute la fraîcheur et la légèreté de vacances relaxantes dans sa propre salle de bain. Avec des façades claires aux motifs en chêne, le meuble avec le plan de toilette en céramique, l’armoire de toilette éclairée avec un miroir sur les côtés, la jolie commode ainsi que la colonne miroir porte-coffre créent une ambiance scandinave et apportent de la gaieté.
1. Armoire de toilette avec éclairage LED SPM1080 / 64 x 16,5 x 90,8 cm
2. Commode USB1080 / 35,2 x 49,5 x 81,8 cm
3. Grand miroir avec éclairage LED et porte à coulisse
4. Commode USB1080 / 25,2 x 48,7 x 80 cm
(Dimensions : Hauteur x Profondeur x Largeur)
Façade : Chêne décor Pannele Nr. F2171 / Piste de main
Bel excelle en matière d’optimisation de l’espace. Et montre la nouvelle classe compacte en réunissant un plan harmonieux, un miroir éclairé et une micolonne offrant un coin maquillage en hauteur avec le panier à linge en bas. Le tout dans un décor en chêne-cachemire esthétique.
Comme une brise légère, Bel apporte de la pureté et de la clarté dans la salle de bain avec le plan de toilette et sa vasque en pierre de synthèse, le meuble sous vasque laqué d’aspect brillant et le grand miroir mural rectangulaire avec un éclairage asymétrique. Rien ne vient distraire l’utilisateur de la salle de bain de son moment de détente.
Bel a de multiples facettes, déclinables à l'infini. Avec des façades allant du blanc au noir, mat ou encore brillant, passant par le bois. En pierre de synthèse, en céramique ou en verre. Pour un style élégant, clair, suave, frais, vivant, extravagant, naturel : Bel satisfait toutes les exigences, quels que soient vos goûts. Simple, fascinant et modulable.
1 Miroir avec éclairage LED SIGGI20 / 60x3.2x120 cm
2 Plan de toilette en verre avec meuble sous-vaisselle SIGGI20 / 80x45x120 cm
(Dimensions : Hauteur x Profondeur x Largeur)
Façade : Hacienda noir Nr. F0580 / Prise de main chromé
Bel
Détails des produits
La simplicité comme principe, le système Bel permet une créativité sans limite. 3 formes de plans de toilette, 3 formes de façades et un grand nombre de finitions vous permettent des combinaisons adaptées à tous les goûts et tous les besoins.
Miroir éclairé, plan de toilette en pierre de synthèse avec meuble sous-vasque
Armoires de toilette
Armoires de toilette avec éclairage LED du plan de toilette / *Armoires de toilette avec éclairage LED du plan de toilette et variateur de température de couleur
Miroirs éclairés
Grands miroirs vertical
Plans de toilette en céramique avec meuble sous-vasque
Plans de toilette en pierre de synthèse avec meuble sous-vasque
Bel
Vasques à poser en pierre de synthèse / Meubles sous-vasque
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| MBAO030 | 105 x 400 x 400 |
| MBAO050 | 196 x 630 x 440 |
| MBAO060 | 287 x 695 x 400 |
| MBAO010 | 142 x 770 x 450 |
| MBAO020 | 196 x 800 x 400 |
| MBAO070 | 128 x 405 x 405 |
| MWAV051 | 128 x 405 x 405 |
| MWAV071 | 287 x 910 x 405 |
| MWAV091 | 142 x 910 x 345 |
| MWXC91 | 128 x 405 x 405 |
| WUEO80 | 1200 x 487 x 480 |
| WULE120 | 1200 x 487 x 480 |
Plans de toilette en verre avec meuble sous-vasque
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| SEJH082 | 820 x 480 x 490 |
| SEMO82 | 820 x 480 x 490 |
| SEUg82 | 820 x 480 x 490 |
| SELH122 | 1220 x 480 x 490 |
| SELU122 | 1220 x 480 x 490 |
| SELJ122 | 1220 x 480 x 490 |
Colonnas / Muec columnas
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| HSBO4D / HSBK040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
| HSBL040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
| HSGU040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
| UHHC040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
| UHBQ040 / UHBH040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
| UHBD040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
Meubles hauts / Meubles bas
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| OSBA040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
| USAX040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USAY040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USAZ040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBA040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBB040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBC040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USDD040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBE040 | 400 x 140 x 170 |
Commodes / Étagères / Élement bas avec roulettes / Tablettes murales
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| USBF080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBG040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBK040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| USBR040 / 080 / 120 | 400 x 890 x 1200 |
| RCAG050 | 400 x 487 x 480 |
| WAAI040 / 080 / 120 | 35 x 400 x 1200 |
Lave mains
Miroirs éclairés / **Miroirs éclairés avec variateur de température de couleur
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| SHDO40 | 400 x 38 |
| SIEF040* | 400 x 38 |
| SGG040 | 400 x 38 |
Plans de toilette en céramique avec meuble sous-vasque / Plans de toilette en pierre de synthèse avec meuble sous-vasque* / Plans de toilette en verre avec meuble sous-vasque**
| Model | Dimensions |
|-------|------------|
| SFAM043 | 430 x 270 |
| SEDR042* | 430 x 270 |
| SELE042** | 430 x 270 |
Bel
Finitions
Faucade mélamine avec prise de main / façade mélamine avec poignée | Casson : mélaminé
| Blanc mat avec bords laser F2059/F2062 |
| Gris basse mat avec bords laser F1774/F1775 |
| Chêne décor merino F2809/F2757 |
| Hacienda crème F0935/F0936 |
| Chêne décor cachemire F2168/F2170 |
| Chêne décor florentie F2167/F2169 |
| Trameau décor Cappuccino F3168/F3167 |
| Noyer décor velours F2818/F2756 |
| Olivagre F1733/F1734 |
| Hacienda noir F0580/F0583 |
Faucade thermofaçonnée avec prise de main / Façade thermofaçonnée avec poignée | Casson : mélaminé
| Blanc mat F2055 / F1264 |
| Gris basse mat F2066 / F2073 |
| Lin gris brillant F3161 / F3167 |
| Chêne décor merino F2811 / F2759 |
| Hacienda crème F2068 / F2075 |
| Chêne décor cachemire F2172 / F2174 |
| Chêne décor florentie F2171 / F2173 |
| Trameau décor Cappuccino F3182 / F3181 |
| Noyer décor velours F2810 / F2758 |
| Olivagre F2070 / F1737 |
| Hacienda noir F2072 / F1738 |
Faucade laquée mate avec prise de main | Coté extérieur de caisson: laque / Façade laquée mat avec poignée | Coté extérieur de caisson: laque
| Blanc mat F2077 / F2088 |
| Champagne mat F2076 / F2089 |
| Sable mat F2079 / F2090 |
| Merle mat F2100 / F2103 |
| Vieux rose mat F2101 / F2104 |
| Rouge vif mat F2102 / F2105 |
| Aubergine mat F2081 / F2092 |
| Roseau mat F2082 / F2091 |
| Gris tournesol mat F2084 / F2095 |
| Gris mat F2082 / F2093 |
| Gris foncé mat F2083 / F2094 |
| Anthracite mat F2085 / F2096 |
De légères différences de couleur sont possibles, dues aux matériaux utilisés. Pour des raisons techniques il n’est pas possible d’obtenir le verrouillage dans le même sens, en contre.
Finitions
Faucade laque brillante avec prise de main | Coté extérieur de caisson: laque / Façade laque brillante avec poignée | Coté extérieur de caisson: laque
| Blanc brillant F0590 / F0596 |
| Champagne brillant F1219 / F1225 |
| Sable brillant F1220 / F1226 |
| Merle brillant F2107 / F2110 |
| Vieux rose brillant F2108 / F2111 |
| Rouge vif brillant F0594 / F0600 |
| Aubergine brillant F1221 / F1227 |
| Roseau brillant F0591 / F0597 |
| Gris tournesol brillant F1223 / F1229 |
| Gris brillant F0592 / F0598 |
| Gris foncé brillant F1222 / F1228 |
| Anthracite brillant F0593 / F0594 |
Poignées
Poignée chromée
Poignée de main pour façades thermofaçonnées
Poignée de main pour façades laquées
Poignée chromée | <urn:uuid:6a3ba761-d9ef-4c3e-942d-f53368e64ee4> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fra_Latn/train | finepdfs | fra_Latn | 8,923 |
STICHTING ROTTERDAM
Hofstee Stichting
Evangelisch-Lutherse Gemeente Amsterdam
Maatschappij van Welstand
Protestantse Kerk Amsterdam
Stichting het R.C. Maagdenhuis
RCOAK
Rooms Katholiek Oude Armen Kantoor
Bisdom Haarlem-Amsterdam
KSBW
Katholieke Stichting ter Bevordering van Welzijnswerk
KNR
Kansfonds geven om een ander
Hvoquerido
EN ANDERE ANONIEME FONDSEN EN GIFTEN
Protestantse Gemeente Amstelveen-Buitenveldert | <urn:uuid:9456ad38-c041-455e-bb9a-5ab57681ebdc> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/nld_Latn/train | finepdfs | nld_Latn | 428 |
Tanév taneszközigény
reál tantárgyak
Valamennyi évfolyamon, valamennyi tantárgyból
* Kék toll
* Zöld ceruza
* Grafitceruza
* Vonalzó
Technika / Rajz
- kisméretű négyzetrácsos füzet
- 20 db félfamentes rajzlap
- 20 db famentes (műszaki) rajzlap
- 1db dosszié
- 1 cs. színes géppapír (pl.: Lidl, Aldi, Müllerben)
- 20 db fénymásoló papír
- 1 doboz natúr gyurma
- 1 db A2 méretű két oldalán színes karton
- 10 db hurkapálca
- 2 db A4 méretű két oldalán színes karton
- 5 cs. origami papír
- 3 db A3 méretű famentes (műszaki) rajzlap
- színes ceruza
- olló
- zsírkréta
- 2 cs. facsipesz
- 2 db stiftes ragasztó
- 1 cs. színes és natúr kisebb fa spatula
- 1db 2B grafit ceruza
- 1db 3B grafit ceruza
- 1db HB grafit ceruza
- ecsetek:2, 4, 6, 10-es
- rongy
- ecsettál
- vízfesték
- filctoll
Egy-egy órára szükséges lehet egyéb apróbb felszerelésekre, modellekre, de azok beszerzésére legalább 1 hét áll rendelkezésre.
Tornatermi órákhoz:
Udvari órákhoz:
- Tornacipő
- Fehér zokni
- Sárga sugársulis póló
- Fekete alsórész
- Lányoknak hajgumi
- Tisztálkodószerek
- Melegítő
- Sárga sugársulis póló
- Tornacipő (váltó, de nem benti)
- Fehér zokni
- Tisztálkodószerek
- Fekete alsórész
- Lányoknak hajgumi
Testnevelés
Természetismeret
Tankönyv Munkafüzet
Tankönyv Munkafüzet
Kisméretű vonalas füzet, 2 csomag írólap Színes ceruzák | <urn:uuid:a423b9b1-9324-4563-94c4-6e6dff8f4a82> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/hun_Latn/train | finepdfs | hun_Latn | 1,335 |
COCKTAIL CELEBRATION
With our Cocktail Celebration you can tie the knot in our Tiffany's chapel, gazebo or garden, then you and your guests will enjoy a 3-course roaming dining experience in our beautifully styled reception room. Sip on your two favourite cocktails as part of the 4-hour beverage package.
PRICING
INCLUSIONS
MINIMUM SPEND REQUIREMENTS
MAXIMUM OF 120 GUESTS PERMITTED
PLEASE NOTE: Minimum spend requirements must be met with your guest numbers for your chosen Collection. Only one (1) Collection may be chosen per Contract. Guest transport to and from Tiffany's via bus is required (additional cost) if guest numbers are above 70. All flowers are to be exclusively designed and purchased in -house through Tiffany's Flowers.
Available Thursday – Sunday.
Please refer to the Terms & Conditions in the Wedding Confirmation Contract for limitations and terms of use. | <urn:uuid:20f1567c-f85e-4b21-8c8a-9ce0034734f8> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 887 |
Mercoledì 11 aprile
UNA MONTAGNA DI EMOZIONI
Serata di proiezioni in multivisione
sul tema della montagna, natura e viaggio
a cura di: Merlino Multivisioni
UN PIANETA CHIAMATO CASA
fotografia naturalistica 22 minuti
Presentazione dei 285 migliori scatti del Fotofestival Asferico 2010 attraverso la biodiversità che contraddistingue il nostro Pianeta e gli occhi attenti e pazienti di foto naturalisti provenienti dai cinque continenti.
ATTRAVERSO L’ 8C
arrampicata sportiva 11 minuti
E’ una storia di boulder, l’arrampicata a pochi metri dal suolo, che consente a Marco Sterni di realizzare una traversata di straordinaria difficoltà sulle pareti della Napoleonica in una sfida costante con le leggi di gravità.
DOLOMITI, MOMENTI DI LUCE
fotografia di paesaggio 8 minuti
Le prime luci dell’alba ed i colori del tramonto esaltano la bellezza di una delle più belle catene montuose del mondo: le Dolomiti rappresentate sulle note del concerto n. 5 di Ludwig van Beethoven.
2011
avventura 16 minuti
La straordinaria la Montagna sperimentato in esperienza di tre generazioni di alpinisti, nonno, figlio e nipote legati dall’esuberante entusiasmo di un indissolubile rapporto con tutte le sue forme.
SURVIVORS
reportage di viaggio 16 minuti
Un viaggio a ritorno nel tempo alla ricerca di un passato comune al complesso mosaico di popoli che abitano la bassa Valle dell’Omo, nel profondo sud dell’Etiopia.
Merlino Multivisioni è composto da Cristina e Franco Toso di Trieste. L’idea nasce da Franco Toso, alpinista e fotomastro appassionato di viaggio e natura che assieme alla moglie Cristina si è via via fatto coinvolgere sempre più dalla multivisione. Cristina è una grande appassionata di musica mentre Franco è un alpinista ed un innamorato della fotografia. Assieme condividono da anni la passione per la natura ed i viaggi in vari paesi del mondo per documentarne usi e costumi.
www.merlinomultivisioni.it
prof. SILVIA METZELTIN
Giovedì 15 marzo, ore 14-16
Eco-storia come visione globale / le Alpi modello di studio / Ruolo pionieristico della cultura alpina
Venerdì 16 marzo, ore 14-16
Dalle Alpi alle montagne del mondo / Le montagne d’Italia e il Mediterraneo
Giovedì 22 marzo, ore 14-16
Oscillazioni climatiche e glaciazioni / Archivi geomorfologici
Venerdì 23 marzo, ore 14-16
Dai miti alla Storia / Archivi geo-archeologici. Etno conoscenza e “memoria verde” / Cartografia e Toponomastica montane
Giovedì 29 marzo, ore 14-16
Analisi e discussione di Piccola storia del paesaggio
Venerdì 30 marzo, ore 14-16
Determinismo geografico e vicende storiche / Regioni – Popolazioni – Minoranze
Giovedì 12 aprile, ore 14-16
Analisi e discussione di “Geografia e Storia nel destino delle Alpi”
Venerdì 14 aprile, ore 14-16
Eco-storia e processi partecipativi / Risorse e limiti dello sviluppo in aree montane
prof. EZIO VACCARI
Giovedì 10 maggio, ore 14-16
Geografia e storia delle comunità alpine
Venerdì 11 maggio, ore 14-16
Economia ed insediamenti sulle Alpi
Giovedì 17 maggio, ore 14-16
Struttura sociale delle comunità alpine
Venerdì 18 maggio, ore 14-16
Sfruttamento delle risorse naturali in area alpina e prealpina
Giovedì 24 maggio, ore 14-16
Demografia, emigrazione e immigrazione nelle Alpi
Venerdì 25 maggio, ore 14-16
La comunicazione in montagna: problemi e prospettive
Giovedì 31 maggio, ore 14-16
Alpinismo, associazionismo e turismo montano
Venerdì 1 giugno, ore 14-16
Le ‘immagini’ del montanaro
Giovedì 7 giugno, ore 14-16
Sviluppo storico della ricerca naturalistica in montagna
Venerdì 8 giugno, ore 14-16
Viaggi e scienza sulle Alpi
Giovedì 13 giugno, ore 14-16
Cultura materiale e valorizzazione del territorio montano
Venerdì 14 giugno, ore 14-16
La storia della montagna come laboratorio multidisciplinare
Testi di riferimento
Paul GUICHONNET, Geografia e storia nel destino delle Alpi. Riflessioni sulla geopolitica delle Alpi, in Le trasformazioni del paesaggio alpino, Atti 92-94, Belluno, Fondazione Angelini – Centro Studi sulla Montagna, pp. 31-46
Hansjörg KÜSTER, Piccola storia del paesaggio. Uomo, mondo, rappresentazione, Roma, Donzelli, 2010, pp. 134.
Pier Paolo Viazzo, Comunità Alpine. Ambiente, Popolazione, struttura sociale nelle Alpi dal XVI secolo ad oggi, Roma, Carocci, 2001, pp. 416.
I corsi sono liberi ed accessibili a tutti
Una grande opportunità per chi vuole mettere la MONTAGNA non solo “sotto i piedi”
Il film dei soci del IV° Martedì
Martedì 24 aprile
Montanaia Sogno di Pietra
di Gligio Gregorio
Il Campanile di Val Montanaia più che una montagna si può considerare un simbolo, un sogno. Mauro Corona con il giovane Luca, salgono insieme in cordata alla scoperta del più bel campanile del mondo. L’avvicinamento tra la nebbia rende quasi magica la sua apparizione: storia e scalata si fondono. Il superamento dei primi camini, l’arrivo al pulpito e ancora lungo la fessura Cozzi, punto chiave della salita, per giungere infine alla parete ovest e, per il camino Glanvell, al ballatoio e alla vetta.
A seguito delle votazioni per il rinnovo dei consiglieri in scadenza e dei delegati presso la sede centrale nel corso dell’assemblea ordinaria dei Soci del 23 marzo 2012, sono stati eletti consiglieri: Colli Andrea, Rigamonti Fabio, Pallaro Sergio, Brugnoni Luigi, Eumei Piera.
**NUOVO CONSIGLIO DIRETTIVO SEZIONE**
Presidente: ZANETTI PIER LUIGI
| CONSIGLIERI | DELEGATI PRESSO LA SEDE CENTRALE |
|-------------|----------------------------------|
| ANTONINI VITTORIO | BISTOLETTI VALERIANO |
| BRUGNONI LUIGI | CARABELLI MARIO |
| DE AMBROGI ANNIBALE | TROMBETTA ELIGIO |
| MACCHI PIETRO | ZANETTI PIER LUIGI |
| RIGAMONTI FABIO | VERRENGIA EDOARDO |
Porgiamo un caloroso benvenuto ai neo eletti e ringraziamo i consiglieri uscenti certi della continuità del loro impegno e contributo a supporto della vita della Sezione.
In ricordo di
Walter Bonatti
Alpinista
Esploratore
Uomo di cultura
Trasmettiamo a tutti i Soci che hanno onorato con la loro presenza il convegno organizzato dall’Università dell’Insubria e dalla nostra Sezione in ricordo di Walter Bonatti, il particolare ringraziamento della signora Rossana Podestà
A Lei, a tutti i relatori ed al comitato organizzatore, la Sezione di Varese del Club Alpino Italiano, rivolge un caloroso GRAZIE per il disinteressato impegno e per il valore delle testimonianze portate. Tutti gli interventi saranno raccolti e pubblicati nei relativi atti del convegno.
Cari Soci, ricordiamo che è possibile sostenere la nostra Sezione del CAI manifestando il proprio consenso alla destinazione del “cinque per mille” a favore delle Associazioni di Volontariato, con l’indicazione negli apposti spazi previsti del CUD, del 730 o dell’Unico. A tale fine è indispensabile indicare il Codice Fiscale della Sezione CAI Varese: 80008820120 ed apportare la propria firma. La destinazione del sostegno ricevuto sarà a favore delle nostre attività, dei corsi, dei progetti che nel complesso hanno lo scopo di stimolare l’interesse per la conoscenza e la tutela dell’ambiente montano favorendone la frequenzazione.
DOMENICA 1^ aprile 2012
SENTIERO DEL VIANDANTE
da Varenna a Dervio o Dorio (LC)
Ritrovo e partenza: piazzale Foresio ore 7,00 Viaggio in pullman. Quote partecipazione: soci € 17,00 non soci € 24,00 Informazioni e iscrizioni presso:
Piera Martignoni e Pinucchio Spino
Attrezzatura : da escursionismo a bassa quota.
DOMENICA 15 aprile 2012
RIFUGIO ALPETTO in traversata da Dirinella m. 197 a Zenna m. 197 (VA)
Ritrovo e partenza: piazzale Foresio ore 7,00 Viaggio in pullman. Quote partecipazione: soci € 16,00, non soci € 23,00 Informazioni e iscrizioni presso:
Franco Broggni
Attrezzatura : da escursionismo a bassa quota.
DOMENICA 29 aprile 2012
Traversata SANTA MARGHERITA-PORTOFINO-CAMOGLI (GE)
Ritrovo e partenza: piazzale Foresio ore 6,00 Viaggio in pullman. Quote partecipazione: soci € 23,00, non soci € 30 Informazioni e iscrizioni presso: Vittorio Antonini
La sosta “merenda” avverrà a San Fruttuoso da dove eventualmente per chi lo desiderasse vi è la possibilità di proseguire in battello. Attrezzatura : da escursionismo a bassa quota.
Descrizione itinerario
“ZENNA, ALPETTO DI CAVIANO, DIRINELLA”
La nostra escursione sulla sponda orientale del lago Maggiore, sponda Lombarda, partirà dall’abitato di Zenna (zona dogana) mt. 220 e percorrendo una comoda strada forestale che si inerpica sul ripido pendio della montagna raggiungerà le località di Bersona, L’alpe Tabia ed i Monti di Pino mt. 886 dove potremo effettuare una buona sosta per riposare e ristorarci ammirando l’alpe, il panorama , Il Monte Cadrigna mt..1300 e la Forcora mt. 1200 . Dopo la sosta riprenderemo il viaggio, su comoda mulattiera raggiungendo rispettivamente l’Alpe Curtiggia mt. 1000, l’Alpe di Piero mt. 1150, l’Alpe Nove Fontane mt. 1211; da qui, su sentiero ben segnalato, affronteremo l’ultimo strappo della giornata che in quindici minuti ci porterà al Pan della Rognà mt. 1329 (confine di Stato) poi, con una rapida discesa si raggiungeremo il Rifugio “Alpetto di Caviano” mt 1255. Tempo complessivo in salita, compreso soste ore 3,30 / 4,00 - dislivello mt. 1100
Sosta per pranzo sullo spazio antistante il Rifugio (il rifugio è aperto da inizio Maggio a fine Ottobre) ammirando il panorama sul lago sottostante e sulle catene dei monti piemontesi; Limidario, Zeda, Faieren, ecc. ecc.
La discesa, tutta in territorio Elvetico ci porterà velocemente ai Monti di Caviano mt. 695 ed a Dirinella sulla sponda del lago Maggiore mt. 220. Tempo complessivo in discesa ore 2,00 - dislivello mt. 1030
Descrizione itinerario
TRaversata S. Margherita Ligure-S. Fruttuoso-Camogli
partenza: S. Margherita Ligure dislivello salita : 250 m + 450 m tempo percorrenza: ore 5.
L’itinerario inizia a S. Margherita nella zona del Porto. Percorrendo una stretta stradina che passa nelle vicinanze di un forno, aperto anche di domenica per permettere agli intenditori di gustare la vera focaccia ligure, si raggiunge in breve l’inizio dell’escursione; un sentiero con comodi gradini e splendide visioni sul golfo del Tigullio, conduce a Nozarego m 150.
Dopo pochi metri su una rotabile asfaltata, si sale a destra per una comoda mulattiera, si supera con un ponte una zona franata e si arriva a Gave, un casolare in posizione panoramica, dove si svolta a destra in direzione S. Anna e Molini, altri casolari in parte ancora tenacemente abitati. Attraversato un bosco si raggiunge un’ampia mulattiera che sale da Portofino. Su-bito dopo si lascia questa via e ci si dirige verso S. Fruttuoso. Il viottolo si sviluppa in falsopiano tra ulivi e poi tra pini marittimi sempre con splendidi panorami di scorgere a picco sul mare; superata la Base (m 250), inizia una lenta discesa che tra pini marittimi e sottobosco mediterraneo, porta ad un fitto bosco di lecci.
Con qualche tornante, il sentiero scende rapidamente a S. Fruttuoso.
In una piccola ed incantevole insenatura l’abbazia Benedettina di S. Fruttuoso di Capodimonte domina un villaggio di pescatori, lo storico complesso, ora di proprietà del Fondo per l’Ambiente Italiano, che ne ha curato il restauro, comprende l’abbazia edificata per volontà dei Doria nel secolo XIII, la chiesa del secolo X, piccolo chiosco romanico ed il sepolcreto dei Doria (1275-1305).
Da S. Fruttuoso un sentiero ripido, ma sempre ben agevole, porta rapidamente al valico Pietra Strete m 452. La mulattiera scende poi lentamente verso il versante NE del monte Portofino; il panorama cambia completamente: scompare la macchia mediterranea si attraversa un bosco di castagni, carpinii e roverie. Prima di arrivare al famoso Grand’Hotel di Portofino Vetta, si devia a sinistra e, passando dalla Sella Gaixella, ci si sposta sul versante ovest del monte di Portofino. Il sentiero scende attraverso un bosco di castagni, poi un uliveto, costeggia una via Crucis, sorpassa delle case sparse sul pendio con magnifiche visuali sul mare e giunge a S. Rocco m 221, frazione di Camogli, ubicata in splendida posizione dominante sul golfo Paradiso. Da qui un viottolo scende piuttosto ripido in una valletta incassata ed arriva rapidamente a Camogli. I meno allenati potranno usufruire del servizio di battelli da S. Fruttuoso a Camogli.
Incontri di avvicinamento alla montagna
XXVIII corso
aprile-giugno 2012
direttore: Francesco Scomazzon
vice direttrice: Piera Martignoni
Programma
Serata di presentazione
Venerdì 30 marzo h. 21.15
Lezioni teoriche h. 21.15
Martedì 17 aprile abbigliamento e materiali
Lunedì 23 aprile alimentazione e primo soccorso
Mercoledì 2 maggio nozioni di topografia
Giovedì 10 maggio meteorologia
Martedì 15 maggio attrezzatura per ferrata
Mercoledì 23 maggio tutela ambiente montano
Mercoledì 30 maggio flora e fauna
Martedì 5 giugno geologia e glaciologia
Martedì 19 giugno attrezzatura per ghiacciaio
Martedì 10 luglio serata finale
Uscite in montagna
Domenica 22 aprile uscita introduttiva
Domenica 6 maggio topografia e orientamento
Sabato 19 maggio esercitazione ferrata
Domenica 20 maggio ferrata
Domenica 3 giugno ambiente montano e cultura alpina
Sab-dom. 16-17 giugno media montagna
Domenica 24 giugno esercitazione ghiacciaio
Sab-dom. 30 giugno-1°luglio uscita ghiacciaio
Sab-dom. 15-16 settembre uscita autunnale
alpinismo giovanile
Ciao ragazzi,
purtroppo Marzo pazzarello ci ha giocato un brutto scherzo per l’uscita del 18 scorso, peccato… ma… la riproponiamo per l’autunno. Per questo mese di aprile la proposta è per la Valsassina, alle grotte del Ghiaccio Fossile per i più grandi e alla Porta o Arco di Prada per i nuovi. Gita bellissima in un ambiente carsico veramente favoloso, vedi locandina .Approfittando dello spazio del notiziario vorrei portare gli auguri di una Felice Pasqua a voi ed ai vostri genitori a nome di tutti gli accompagnatori di Alpinismo Giovanile della Sezione.
Ritrovo in Piazzale Foresio ore 6.15, partenza ore 6.30, rientro previsto per le 18
Gita in pullman
Il Moncodeno è il versante nord della Grigna settentrionale. Il paesaggio è notevolmente carsificato e sono presenti centinaia di grotte, alcune delle quali molto importanti. Tra tutte ricordiamo il complesso dell’Alto Releccio, che, con i suoi 1190 m di profondità, rappresenta una delle più profonde grotte in Italia, e la “ghiacciaia di Moncodeno”, una grotta, visitata anche da Leonardo da Vinci che conserva il ghiaccio e una temperatura ridotta anche in piena estate. L’Arco di Prada è una singolare scultura naturale creata dall’erosione nel calcare.
Occorrente: Scarponi, abbigliamento adatto alla stagione, zaino, colazione al sacco, cambio da lasciare in pullman
Costo: Giovani Euro 10 NON SOCI +7 euro Assicurazione CAI
Adulti:soci Euro18 NON SOCI + 7 euro Assicurazione CAI
IMPORTANTE!! Per i NON soci comunicare nominativo e data di nascita
Tel: 0332 289267 Martedì e venerdì sera, mail: firstname.lastname@example.org
CHIUSURA ISCRIZIONI MARTEDÌ 17 APRILE.
Con riserva di modifica per motivi di sicurezza e/o meteo
7° GITA – Giovedì 6 aprile
Monte Sette Termini da Cremenaga
Ritrovo: Piazzale Foresio ore 8.15; partenza ore 8.30. Fermata: Cimitero di Belforte Mezzo di trasporto: auto proprie Difficoltà: E Tempo di percorrenza: ore 5.00 Dislivello: salita e discesa 830 m. Rientro previsto: ore 18.00 Equipaggiamento: di media montagna, necessari scarponi, consigliati i bastoncini.
Accompagnatori: Walter Castoldi – Gianbattista Cassani. Quote: 4.00 €
Peculiarità: Questo itinerario ci porta a conoscere una parte delle fortificazioni della Linea Cadorna sul M. Sette Termini (o Bedeloni per la presenza di numerose betulle). Con la Linea Cadorna, si identifica il sistema di fortificazioni costruito lungo il confine italo-svizzero tra l’estate del 1915 e la primavera del 1918. Lo scopo era quello di difendere il territorio nel timore che attraverso i valichi alpini delle Alpi centrali svizzere, le truppe austro-tedesche potessero invadere l’Italia. Con la fine della guerra le fortificazioni furono dismesse. Solamente per breve tempo, durante il secondo conflitto mondiale la Linea Cadorna, fu utilizzata dai partigiani, tra il 19 settembre-15 novembre 1943 lungo il M. San Martino (VA), e tra il 12-21 ottobre per l’Ossola.
Descrizione itinerario
Percorso stradale, Varese – Valganna – Ponte Tresa – Cremenaga. Arrivati a Cremenaga si segue l’indicazione Cimitero – Campo sportivo. Il parcheggio, in accordo alla vigilanza del paese, è riservato nell’area interna del Campo sportivo. Itinerario: Imboccata via Valentini (sul lato di un piccolo campo sportivo a ridosso della chiesa parrocchiale), si attraversa la parte alta del paese fino alla via Vallone dove un cartello di divieto di transito per moto indica l’inizio del percorso. Si percorre una larga mulattiera sterrata che risale a risvolti il versante settentrionale del M. Sette Termini compreso tra la Valle Cugnolaccio e il vallone Val Cognolo. La vegetazione arborea prevalente è costituita da querce, castagni, faggi e noccioli. Giunti al bivio di q. 760 m. circa, si tralascia a destra il Sentiero Italia (che verrà percorso durante il rientro) e si prosegue a sinistra per raggiungere il Colle della Nave. Questo tratto di percorso è disseminato di gallerie, camminamenti e trincee. Giunti al Colle della Nave (799 m), si svolta a destra (cartelli indicatori) per risalire le pendici sud-orientali del M. Sette Termini dove si incontrano ponti militari, osservatori e camminamenti. Giunti alla sommità bei prati con betulle accolgono l’escursionista. La discesa avviene lungo il versante nord-occidentale (segnavia 3V Variante) verso Creva. Giunti a q. 650 m. si abbandona la 3V e si imbocca a destra il Sentiero Italia che percorre il versante settentrionale del M. Sette Termini fino al bivio di q. 760 m. Da qui la discesa si effettua lungo il percorso fatto in salita.
- Nel Notiziario di marzo, quale 7° gita era stata inizialmente prevista la gita “Varigotti - Punta Fanale - Noli”, che è stata spostata al 26 aprile.
8° GITA – Giovedì 12 aprile
S. Messa di Pasqua e Festa di Primavera
Ritrovo: Chiesa di San Cassiano (Velate) ore 11.00 Difficoltà: Tutti
Descrizione
Tradizionale manifestazione del Gruppo Senior che quest’anno si svolgerà presso la bellissima chiesa di San Cassiano di Velate. La chiesa, dedicata a S. Cassiano e Ippolito, ha un campanile romanico che risale a prima del mille. Sulla facciata, intonacata a calce, è distinguibile un antico affresco raffigurante S. Cristoforo, mentre sul fianco vi sono pitture quattrocentesche tra cui una Vergine in trono e S. Antonio Abate. All’interno sono visibili le decorazioni di stile bizantino e l’altare secentesco del presbiterio, in legno di noce dorato. Sovrastante la chiesa, e a poca distanza, c’è la torre medievale (XII secolo), di cui rimane oggi una porzione dell’altezza di 33 m, in cui si distinguono cinque piani scanditi da eleganti finestre monofore a doppia strombatura.
9° GITA – Giovedì 19 aprile
Lavertezzo - Sonogno (Sentierone della Valle Verzasca)
Ritrovo: Piazzale Foresio ore 7.00; partenza ore 7.15. Fermata: Cimitero Belforte ore 7.30 Rientro previsto: ore 19.00 Mezzo di trasporto: Pullman. Difficoltà: T1 Dislivello: 395 m. Tempo di percorrenza: ore 4.35 Accompagnatori: Sergio Pallaro – Binda Franco Quota: 14,00 € Percorso: Lavertezzo (Q545) - Motta (Q615) - Brione (Q740) - Gerra (Q803) - Lorentino (Q813) - Frasco (Q885) - Sonogno (Q940) Splendida valle Verzasca: valle dai molti volti, e un’anima rustica e forte. Stretta quasi a soffocarti nella parte bassa, con le vette che si innalzano praticamente in verticale, e gli alpeggi lassù, che ti rompi le gambe per arrivarci, e appena un po’ più larga in alto, giusto quel tanto da farti fiatare. Chiussa tra la Leventina e la valle Maggia, diverse vallette laterali, misteriose, che ti chiedi dove ti portino. La roccia domina il paesaggio, sia quello naturale che quello lavorato dall’uomo. Poco
legno, poca terra, valle di fame e di emigrazione. Ma le acque del fiume... Uno smeraldo intenso e trasparente, cantano lungo tutto il percorso. È un fiume splendido, sassi lavorati e levigati, nivei e candidi. Un fiume che ti attrae per un tuffo, ma che esige rispetto, cautela e prudenza. Forti correnti ti portano via, e ogni anno l'elenco dei bagnanti morti in queste acque si allunga tragicamente.
**Itinerario**
Punto di partenza è il "Ponte dei Salti" di Lavertezzo, elegante ponte medioevale a doppia arca-ta, impropriamente detto Ponte Romano (da ammirare). Mezz'ora e si arriva di fronte a Motta, dove incombe la ripida parete del "Poncione d'Alnasca". Poco oltre, uno degli splendidi spettacoli offerti da questa valle: due cascate poste a poca distanza tra di loro, che si rompono su di una piccola ganna, creando giochi d'acqua come una fontana rinascimentale. (Foto spettaculari, solo questa meraviglia vale lo sforzo di tutta l'escur-sione). Passato Gana in un attimo si arriva al ponte. Qui, dal sentiero si svolta a destra per attraversarlo. Non molto largo, senza marciapiede, curva stretta senza visibilità dall'altra parte, con le auto che escono da un riparo per valan-ghe (prestare molta attenzione). Terminata la salita, il sentiero ci riconduce all'altezza del fiume, che ora è largo e molto più tranquillo. Di fronte Brione... "Capannina di Alnasca". In pochi minuti arriviamo ad Alnasca, splendido inse-dilamento. Poi l'ultima capannina, la "Froda". Ultima saltellata prima di scendere nei campi di Lorentino. Si arriva al ponte pedonale di Frasco. Da qui il percorso è sostanzialmente in piano. In una ventina di minuti si arriva a Sono-gno.
**Descrizione itinerario**
*Percorso stradale*: Varese – Autostrada – Varigotti. (SV).
Tra Varigotti e Noli, borghi marinari di grande fascino, si erge il promontorio di Capo Noli con le sue spettacolari fa-le-sie calcaree ospitanti specie animali e vegetali rare e protette. La traversata, con la vista del limpido mare sottostan-te, da Varigotti, antico paese utilizzato come rifugio dai Saraceni, dei quali rimangono alcune tracce architettoniche nel vecchio borgo e nella piccola frazione di Ca' dei Mori, fino a Noli, con le sua mura, torri, chiese, rovine del castello, memorie del suo antico passato di Repubblica Marinara, è un'emo-zione irrinunciabile. Il nome di questo angolo intatto di Liguria è in via di cambiamento, da Costa delle Balene a quello di Tre Terre, per sottolineare come non abbia niente da invidiare alle rinomate Cinque Terre: sabbia, silenzio, gite in barca e passeggiate nel verde. L'itinerario, altamente suggestivo, si svolge lungo un sentiero immerso nella macchia mediterranea, ma ricco di finestre panoramiche con scorci fra i più belli della riviera di Ponente, con un tratto finale a picco sulla scogliera di Capo Noli.
**dal coordinatore uscente...**
Martedì 13 marzo
ha avuto luogo l'annuale assemblea dei Soci del Gruppo Senior. Nel corso dell'assemblea c'è stata la relazione dell'attività 2011, la presentazione del pro-gramma 2012 e l'elezione dei due Consiglieri Pallaro Sergio e Sarrica Giulio che entrano a far parte del nuovo Consiglio del Gruppo Senior, al quale spetta la nomina del nuovo coordinatore, che al momento della stampa del Notiziario non è ancora stato nomi-nato.
**10° GITA** – Giovedì 26 aprile
*Varigotti - Punta Fanale - Noli*
*Ritrovo*: Piazzale Foresio ore 5.45; par-tenza ore 6.00. *Fermata*: Cimitero di Azzate ore 6.10. *Mezzo di trasporto*: Pullman *Difficoltà*: E. *Dislivello*: 300 m. *Tempo di percorrenza*: ore 4.00 complessive. *Rientro previsto*: ore 20.30
*Accompagnatore*: Gigi Zanetti. Quota: 22 €
**11° GITA** – Giovedì 3 maggio
*Domodossola (Monte Calvario) - Bognanco*
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**Cicloescursionismo detto MTB**
Domenica 15 Aprile
5° Settetermini Bike Tour
Ritrovo: a Germignaga presso il nuovo parcheggio del lungo lago in via Bodmer dalle ore 7.00
Partenza: ore 08.15 in mountain bike. Ritrovo giro breve: registrazioni a Montegrino in via Pineta dalle 07.30, partenza ore 8.45
Info tecniche: Dal ritrovo di Germignaga : 38,6 km con 1350m di dislivello (difficoltà tecnica MC-/BC) Dal ritrovo di Montegrino V.: 22 km con 950m di dislivello (difficoltà tecnica MC/BC)
Maggiori info ed iscrizione online su www.setteterminimtb.it
Organizzazione: CAI Germignaga
Domenica 29 Aprile
Granfondo Omegna (Verbania)
Giro tecnico e panoramico del lato ovest del lago d'Orta, tra Pella e Omegna. Distanza: 29 km, Dislivello: 1032 m. Quota massima: 606 m, Difficoltà tecnica: MC/BC Durata: 5h30min Capogita: Mauro (CAI Varese)
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Direttamente dal gruppo escursionismo: Diego e Antonella
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EcoHimal Italia Onlus, il Club Alpino Italiano sezione di Varese l’Istituto Alberghiero De Filippi presentano:
CENA HIMALAYANA
UNA SERATA PER LA COOPERAZIONE E LO SVILUPPO
Venerdì 27 aprile
EcoHimal Italia Onlus, il Club Alpino Italiano sezione di Varese l’Istituto Alberghiero De Filippi presentano una serata dai sapori e colori himalayani: la possibilità di gustare una cena Nepalese partecipando ad un progetto di cooperazione e sviluppo in Nepal, nella regione del Solu.
Alle ore 19.00 la nostra socia Maria Antonia ‘Tona’ Sironi, presenterà il romanzo “tibetano” La Principessa di Gungtang. Ci mostrerà una serie di immagini raccolte nelle vallate himalayane con Kurt e Hildegard Diemberger, attraverso le vicende che hanno portato alla scoperta dell’antico manoscritto da cui è tratto il romanzo. Al suo fianco ci sarà Ngima Sherpa, nepalese doc, che illustrerà il progetto Diamo l’acqua a Damar, villaggio del Solu (Nepal), volto a sostenere e aiutare il suo villaggio di origine.
Alle ore 20.00 gusteremo i piatti tipici nepalesi in una ‘Cena Himalayana’, attraverso una ricca varietà di portate. Fra una pietanza e l’altra Ngima illustrerà ciò che degusteremo, ne spiegherà l’origine e l’uso, accompagnato da una danzatrice nepalese in abiti tradizionali che si esibirà su musiche tipiche. Tona aiuterà Ngima nella traduzione e nella presentazione del progetto, grazie all’organizzazione ed all’ospitalità dei dirigenti e degli alunni dell’Istituto De Filippi.
Parte del ricavato della serata sarà destinato a sostenere il progetto di Damar, che sarà supervisionato da EcoHimal Italia Onlus e CAI Varese.
Per ragioni organizzative si richiede la prenotazione entro il giorno
23 Aprile 2012.
Per le prenotazioni rivolgersi a: De Filippi, Via Brambilla n. 15, 21100 Varese
Tel: 0332.238004; email: email@example.com
Il menù prevede:
*Antipasto
Momos alle verdure (ravioli alle verdure)
Samosa (fagottini speziati di verdure)
Gurkha Jinga (gamberetti saltati con spezie)
Chapatti / Naan (2 varietà di ‘pane’ tradizionale nepalese)
*Primo piatto
Nepali Dal (zuppa di lenticchie speziata, il piatto nazionale Nepalese)
Chapatti / Naan (2 varietà di ‘pane’ tradizionale Nepalese)
*Secondo piatto
Choyla d’agnello (agnello ai ferri speziato)
Pollo Tarkari (pollo al curry Nepalese con verdure) e riso
*Dessert
Selroti (ciambelle al riso)
Gelato di mango
Anarasa (biscotti tradizionali alla farina riso)
*Bevande:
The, acqua, birra e vino.
Il costo per persona: € 32,00 | 7607a25b-d47b-4675-9a99-c763e18df466 | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 27,131 |
people will later go on to develop AIDS (Acquired Immune Hep C – Is a particularly virulent form of Hepatitis. Many people will have no symptoms, while others may feel tired, nauseous and experience abdominal pains. For every 100 people infected by the virus 80 will become carriers. Of these 20 will go on to develop long term inflammation of
HIV/AIDS & Hep C Information HIV – The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) attacks the immune system – the body's defence against disease. People who have the virus are said to be HIV positive. Because HIV can live in the body for years without obvious effects, many people with HIV remain feeling healthy. Some Deficiency Syndrome).
Ensure your health – never share any injecting equipment. Always practice safe passed on are through the sharing of needles and syringes,
Hep C is primarily spread by infected blood passing from person to person through blood borne activities such as, sharing of needles and syringes, razors and toothbrushes, or unsafe tattooing practices. There is little evidence of sexual transmission of the virus HIV (the AIDS virus) is spread by semen (cum), vaginal fluids or blood passing from a person with HIV into the bloodstream of another person. The major ways HIV is suffer cirrhosis of the liver and/or liver cancer. How the viruses are transmitted. | <urn:uuid:51497ba2-f91a-4e1b-9b73-adb0bf60723d> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 1,334 |
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Aplicación de la Medicina tradicional y natural en las urgencias de prótesis estomatológicas
Applications of natural and traditional medicine in stomatological prosthesis emergencies
Dr. Kadir Argelio Santana Fernández; Dra. Yusleine Rey Ferrales; Dr. Emilio Rodríguez Ricardo; Dra. María Elena Silva Colomé; MsC. Armelis Mailyn Rodríguez Hung
Policlínico Camilo Torres Restrepo. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
RESUMEN
Introducción: en los momentos actuales y en contraposición con los avances alcanzados en la creación de nuevos medicamentos en el mundo, la utilización de la medicina natural, cobra cada vez más defensores y ejecutores.
Objetivo: describir la aplicación de la medicina tradicional y natural en las urgencias de prótesis estomatológicas.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos médicas (Scielo, PubMed, EBSCO, Hinari) de 25 materiales escritos en idioma español e inglés. De estos, 14 correspondieron a artículos científicos y el resto libros publicados entre 1997 y 2013.
Desarrollo: se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre el uso de la medicina tradicional y natural en las urgencias de prótesis estomatológicas, ya que con los paradigmas anteriores se creía que las urgencias de prótesis solo eran de absoluto tratamiento por parte de los especialistas de prótesis. Con el surgimiento de la Estomatología General Integral, en las guardias estomatológicas acuden pacientes con alguna dolencia de esta índole y se debe estar preparado para satisfacer a las necesidades del paciente a través de los tratamientos que la medicina tradicional y natural puede brindar.
Conclusiones: la medicina natural tiene infinidad de aplicaciones en la especialidad de estomatología y se comprobó cómo puede dar solución a múltiples urgencias de prótesis estomatológicas.
DeCS: MEDICINA TRADICIONAL; PRÓTESIS DENTAL; MEDICINA ORAL; TERAPÉUTICA; LITERATURA DE REVISIÓN COMO ASUNTO.
_____________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT
Introduction: now adays, and contrary to the advances achieved in the creation of new medicaments in the world, the use of natural medicine has more and more users and defenders.
Objective: to describe the application of natural and traditional medicine in stomatological prosthesis emergencies.
Methods: a bibliographic review of 25 materials in Spanish and English w as made in the main medical data bases (SciELO, PubMed, EBSCO, Hinari). Of these documents, 14 were scientific articles and the rest were books published between 1997 and 2013.
Development: a bibliographic review about the use of natural and traditional medicine in stomatological prosthesis emergencies was made. With the previous paradigms, it was believed that prosthesis emergencies were only treated by prosthesis specialists; nevertheless, with the emergence of Comprehensive General Stomatology, patients with any of these complaints come during the stomatological shifts and it is important to be prepared to satisfy the patients' needs and provide a service of excellence knowing the variety of treatments of natural and traditional medicine.
Conclusions: natural and traditional medicine has countless applications in Stomatology. It w as proved how it can give solution to multiple stomatological prosthesis emergencies.
DeCS: MEDICINE, TRADITIONAL; DENTAL PROSTHESIS; ORAL MEDICINE; THERAPEUTICS; REVIEW LITERATURE AS TOPIC.
______________________________________________________________________________________
INTRODUCCIÓN
En Cuba se han aplicado múltiples tratamientos naturales en afecciones comunes de la población, pero se hace necesaria la valoración científica de los resultados obtenidos en las diferentes terapias y la incorporación del personal médico y estomatológico a este campo. 1
La medicina natural y tradicional (MNT), tienen el objetivo de prevenir y tratar las enfermedades, a través de la activación de los recursos biológicos naturales con que cuenta el organismo de salud, al mismo tiempo que armoniza con la naturaleza; de ahí la utilización de ejercicios, dietas, plantas, etc.
Existen diferentes técnicas y procederes en la utilización de la medicina natural y tradicional, entre ellas se encuentra: la homeopatía, la fitoterapia, la acupuntura, la ozonoterapia, la apiterapia, etc. El
amplio número de métodos, técnicas y procedimientos que abarcan la medicina tradicional y natural, hacen extremadamente rica sus acciones sobre el hombre sano y el enfermo, y le concede un lugar importante en el arsenal terapéutico del paciente en estomatología. 2
Es importante destacar el valor que representa el dominio y la aplicación, en particular de la acupuntura, como una forma más dentro del tratamiento de las diferentes afecciones estomatológicas, así como enfatizar en sus aplicaciones, ventajas y la necesidad de profundizar en sus fundamentos teóricos y prácticos, lo que permitirá favorecer el desarrollo de las habilidades necesarias para su empleo adecuado. Esto adquiere mayor importancia en la docencia del pregrado y posgrado, en la ayuda internacionalista y colaboraciones con otros países; además, en los momentos actuales, donde hay crisis económica social mundial, desastres naturales y conflictos bélicos, urge la necesidad de disponer de medidas terapéuticas que resulten económicas y asequibles para aquellos casos con afecciones estomatológicas que así lo requieran, tanto en Cuba como en otros países. 3
La homeopatía tiene como antecedente el postulado hipocrático: similla similibus curentur (tres siglos y medio antes de Cristo) donde se expresa la relación de analogía entre los síntomas del enfermo y la acción del medicamento, no obstante, poco caso se hizo de esta enseñanza hipocrática hasta que en 1790 cuando el médico alemán Samuel Cristhian Federico Hahnemann, por su propia observación descubrió como lo semejante cura a lo semejante y enunció la Ley de la similitud. 4-6
La búsqueda de una terapéutica eficaz para el alivio del dolor ha sido amplia, la incorporación de la terapia láser en el tratamiento de esta afección ha permitido contar con un método altamente efectivo y sencillo, se basa en el poder analgésico antinflamatorio y bio-estimulante de la luz láser. La luz láser de baja potencia estimula los puntos de acu- puntura. El láser-puntura consiste en el empleo del láser en sustitución de las técnicas acupunturales. La luz láser tendría la ventaja, como estímulo acupuntural, por ser un método no invasivo, por su rapidez y la ausencia de estrés por parte del paciente. 7
En la bibliografía médica se indica que los fitofármacos más empleados por los facultativos son: la guayaba, la manzanilla y el llantén, los cuales a su vez, son los más utilizados por la población para tratar enfermedades bucofaríngeas, según datos obtenidos en encuestas etnobotánicas acerca de la utilización de plantas medicinales en Cuba. 8
Los odontólogos aplican otros fitofármacos menos comunes, pues tienden a preferir los tres mencionados con anterioridad, lo cual reafirma que solo se emplea un reducido grupo de estos medicamentos. Resulta representativo que algunas drogas naturales como la caléndula, con propiedades antiinflamatoria, cicatrizante, analgésica y antimicrobiana, no aparezca en la relación de plantas más usadas en la enfermedad periodontal.
Se ha considerado que otras plantas pudieran ser aprovechadas con mayor periodicidad por los profesionales de la salud, debido a su abundancia en la naturaleza cubana, entre ellas: la menta, el toronjil de menta, el orégano, la caña santa, el tomillo, el pino, la salvia, la naranja, la mandarina, el caisimón de anís, el quita dolor (o menta americana), la albahaca, entre otras; pues son ricas en carvacrol, cíneol, tuyona, timol, trementina, citronelol y citral (algunos de los terpenos que poseen cada una de ellas); así como en sustancias polifenólicas, con acción antimicrobiana, comprobadas como elemento primario para tratar afecciones periodontales. Por otra parte, el ajo posee la allicina antimicrobiana natural como componente activo, sin embargo, solo se usa su propiedad analgésica.
Es interesante que la verbena también sea utilizada para sanar afecciones en la cavidad bucal sin
que existan estudios científicos al respecto, o que el propóleos, un producto agrícola, se tenga concebido como fitofármaco. Igualmente, llama la atención que se desconozca el efecto protector como farmacológico, pues las plantas como el llantén y la altea deben sus resultados beneficiosos fundamentalmente a la presencia de mucílagos que protegen la mucosa al evitar daños posteriores y asegurar la curación.
Muchos estomatólogos desconocen que estas plantas, además, tienen propiedades antioxidante y que, según criterios actuales, puede ser usada para prevenir el cáncer y otras afecciones en la cavidad bucal; entre los productos naturales con tal efecto se encuentra el Vimang ® que se obtiene del mango, el cual posee propiedades analgésicas y antiinflamatorias, dado el contenido de manguiferina, polifenoles y otras sustancias que posee dicho preparado; también se ha descrito que esta fruta, así como el té hecho de ella, constituyen agentes anti placas bacterianas, pues al restregar la planta directamente sobre el diente o hacer colutorios de su decocción, se evita la formación de la placa dentobacteriana y, consecuentemente, se preven las enfermedades periodontales. 9
En la provincia de Santiago de Cuba son muy comunes las urgencias de prótesis y las mismas son atendidas con regularidad los servicios de urgencia, donde es el especialista de Estomatología General Integral quién brinda este servicio. La medicina tradicional y natural cobra fuerzas por su eficiencia, eficacia y efectividad. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la aplicación de la medicina tradicional y natural en las urgencias de prótesis.
MÉTODOS
Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en el Centro Provincial de Información de Santiago de Cuba, tanto en Infomed como en Internet, en las principales bases de datos médicas (Scielo, PubMed,
EBSCO, Hinari) de materiales de los cuales fueron escogidos 25 por ajustarse al tema, escritos en idioma español e inglés. De estos, 14 correspondieron a artículos científicos y el resto libros publicados entre el año 1997 y el 2013.
DESARROLLO
En los momentos actuales y en contraposición con los avances alcanzados en la creación de nuevos medicamentos en el mundo, la utilización de la medicina natural, cobra cada vez más defensores y ejecutores, debido fundamentalmente a las formas naturales de curación y a la carencia de efectos secundarios de estas terapias. El principal problema para lograr una mayor incorporación del personal especializado, en la práctica de las diferentes terapias naturales, es la falta de orientación específica que propicie el conocimiento mínimo indispensable para su utilización. La estomatitis subprótesis, el bruxismo y la bisfunción temporomandibular son alteraciones tratadas con la terapéutica abordada.
Estomatitis subprótesis
La estomatitis subprótesis es un término que hace referencia a cambios inflamatorios intrabucales, restringidos a la mucosa que cubre una prótesis dental, afecta con una alta prevalencia a sujetos portadores de prótesis acrílicas removible. Existen numerosos estudios donde se ha demostrado la eficacia de la medicina natural y tradicional.
En el tratamiento de dicha inflamación debe contemplarse la retirada del aparato protésico, la eliminación de los factores locales y la utilización de medicamentos que favorezcan la resolución del cuadro clínico, por lo que se recomiendan cepillar las prótesis, utilizar enjuagatorios bucales y una terapia con antifúngicos. Últimamente se han ensayado otras terapias como la miel de abeja, el láser, la sábila y el ozono con buenos resultados. 10
-13
Las materias médicas homeopáticas consultadas refieren que la acción de la homeopatía es antiséptica, antiinflamatoria y analgésica, por lo que se indica en la curación de procesos sépticos, dolorosos e inflamatorios, es una terapia inocua, de acción segura al no presentar reacciones adversas, económicas, accesibles y aplicables a toda persona. Dadas estas propiedades se puede considerar su utilización como tratamiento en la estomatitis subprótesis para remitir los síntomas en el menor tiempo. 14
Los tratamientos empleados convencionales y tradicionales en las alteraciones bucales asociadas con el uso de prótesis dental son diversos, pues estos constituyen trastornos de alta prevalencia que resultan cada vez más preocupantes para las autoridades sanitarias encargadas de la salud en la comunidad. El tratamiento convencional de esta afección es efectivo cuando el paciente cumple correctamente las indicaciones como la retirada del aparato protésico, enjuagatorios de agua fría, vitaminoterapias, aunque en muchos casos fracasa el tratamiento, pues el paciente no admite un desdentamiento prolongado, por lo que el personal de salud debe emprender su tarea para dar solución a los males que afectan la salud bucal con la utilización de terapias alternativas como fitoterapia, laserterapia, apiterapia y otras técnicas.
Basados en la premisa de sanar al paciente se investigan otras técnicas que respondan a las preocupaciones de los mismos. Por esto se emprendió la tarea de emplear la terapia antinflamatoria del extracto de Vimang en enjuagatorios mediante su infusión, por ser un producto de eficacia comprobada y de muy baja frecuencia de efectos adversos con más de 25 años de evidencia práctica efectiva en la mejoría de las enfermedades. 15
El aceite ozonizado (oleozón) es una nueva opción terapéutica para los pacientes que padecen estomatitis subprótesis, tópicamente favorece la formación de tejido de granulación, con gran efectividad en la terapia ulcerativa. Se le confieren propieda- des germicidas además de favorecer el crecimiento del tejido afectado, permite que las heridas no se infecten, éstas constituyen un pasaje directo al interior del organismo para los agentes biológicos. 16
Dentro de los fitofármacos de demostrada efectividad en diversas afecciones de la cavidad bucal de origen inflamatorio, se encuentra la crema de aloe al 25 %, producto que se presenta en forma de extracto acuoso Aloe vera Linne o Barbadencis mill, cuya actividad farmacológica se realiza por el efecto conjunto de algunas sustancias químicas que la componen. Su acción terapéutica consiste en ser promotora de la granulación, epitelización y regeneración de la piel, lo que produce un efecto estimulante y debilita los fenómenos inflamatorios secundarios; su efecto biológico sobre las lesiones mucosas está dado por los principios activos que entran en su composición, de los cuales los más importantes son los glicósidos antraquinónicos. 17
Bruxismo
El bruxismo ha recibido múltiples definiciones, pero todas incluyen su carácter no funcional, habitual y persistente. Se plantea que es el rechinamiento o apretamiento y movimiento de trituración de los dientes sin propósitos funcionales.
La importancia del bruxismo es la gran influencia que puede ejercer sobre los tejidos periodontales, músculos masticatorios y adyacentes, la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), la iniciación de jaqueca e irritabilidad del SNC.
En ocasiones los pacientes acuden preocupados por el desgaste dental por lo que el estomatólogo general básico e integral tienen que ser capaces de asumir la conducta indicada en estos casos, por otra parte pueden asistir aquejados de cansancio y dolor muscular, en especial en las primeras horas de la mañana y es importante la preparación del profesional para brindar la terapia de apoyo para el alivio de los síntomas de estos pacientes.
El tratamiento integral según las guías prácticas consiste en:
1.- Acupuntura: Ig4, VG20, C7, P6
2.- Auriculopuntura: Shen men, ansiolítico
3.- Técnicas eléctricas: terapia TENS, electroestimulación con agujas.
4.- Homeopatía: Nux vómica, Phitoloca, China y repertorización para continuar el tratamiento.
5.- Interconsulta con psicólogo y médico de familia para evaluar conducta terapéutica.
6.- Terapia física para eliminar dolor y lograr relajación. 18
Disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular
Los trastornos funcionales del aparato masticatorio incluyen cualquier alteración en las relaciones de los dientes con sus estructuras, tales como: los maxilares, la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), los músculos, así como la inervación y vascularización de los tejidos.
El síndrome de disfunción temporomandibular se caracteriza por evolucionar con variados síntomas, algunos considerados típicos como el dolor provocado por las alteraciones de la ATM o de la musculatura masticatoria, otros consistentes en espasmo muscular, incapacidad para abrir la boca, ruidos articulares (chasquido o crepitación) y desviación mandibular, entre otras.
Okeson, et al, 17 lo definen como un extenso grupo de trastornos o enfermedades músculo esqueléticas derivadas de las estructuras masticatorias. Estas estructuras serán los maxilares, la articulación temporomandibular (ATM), los músculos y el paquete vasculonervioso.
Estas alteraciones de los músculos masticatorios pueden ir desde el grado I hasta el grado VI, donde se encuentra la co-contracción muscular, el do- lor muscular local, dolor miofacial, mioespasmos, miositis y fibromialgias. Básicamente existen cuatro tipos de tratamientos que, en función del diagnóstico, pueden aplicarse: tratamiento físico, tratamiento farmacológico tratamiento psicológico, aparatos intraorales, o placa de descarga. Sin embargo, la Sociedad de Disfunción Craneomandibular y Dolor Orofacial (SEDCYDO), incluye además de estos, otros tipos de tratamiento, los cuales están en dependencia de la actuación de los profesionales que forman el equipo multidisciplinario, responsables del tratamiento de la disfunción. Al ser múltiples causas dentro de la misma patología, ellos incluyen además, el tratamiento ortodóncico, (si es necesario corregir la mordida) u odontológico (para tratamiento dental como podría ser el tallado selectivo de las cúspides dentarias) la fisioterapia y la cirugía. 19
Una alternativa para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad es la magnetoterapia o terapia por imanes, estudios recientes han demostrado que esta técnica puede ser aplicada en estomatología en afecciones como hiperestesia, celulitis, regeneración ósea, gingivitis rebeldes, abscesos periodontales y en tratamiento de la ATM, en artritis, artrosis, trismo y síndrome dolor disfunción. 20
Este tema es y ha sido muy controvertido a través del tiempo, pues existe gran diversidad de criterios en relación con su denominación y uso, así como con su diagnóstico y tratamiento.
En 1955 se utilizaba el término de síndrome dolor disfunción de la ATM. 21 Luego, apareció el término alteraciones funcionales de la ATM por Major M y Ash J. 20 Algunos términos describían los factores etiológicos sugeridos, como es el caso de trastorno oclusomandibular y mioartropía de la ATM. Otros resaltaban el dolor, como el síndrome de dolor disfunción y el síndrome de dolor disfunción temporomandibular.
La disfunción temporomandibular (TMD) o síndrome de Costen, es una enfermedad relacionada con
problemas funcionales de la ATM (TMJ) y de los músculos que mueven la mandíbula (músculos masticatorios).
Dado que los síntomas no siempre están limitados a la ATM, algunos autores creen que estos términos son demasiado restrictivos, y que debe utilizarse una denominación más amplia, como la de trastorno craneomandibular. Se sugirió más tarde el término trastorno temporomandibular, que ha ido ganando popularidad. Esta denominación no sugiere simplemente problemas limitados a la ATM, sino que incluye todos los trastornos asociados con la función del sistema masticatorio. 22-24
El tratamiento en la atención primaria parte de un correcto diagnóstico e interconsulta con el nivel secundario de atención para su remisión y atención, y la cooperación con el tratamiento de apoyo y definitivo.
El tratamiento de apoyo contempla lo siguiente:
-. Reposo mandibular
-. Dieta blanda
-. Relajación muscular con masajes y calor
-. Terapia física y farmacológica para dolor y relajación
-. Educación al paciente en cuanto a limitación de los movimientos de apertura y forma de cerrar y abrir la boca.
-. Laserterapia 24
-. Acupuntura: Ig4, Tr21, Id18 y 19, Vb2, E6 y 7.
-. Digitopuntura (en esos mismos puntos).
-. Auriculopuntura (Shen Men auricular, ansiolítico, mandíbula y ATM)
-. Técnicas eléctricas: Electromagnetoterapia y terapia TENS (Electroestimulación aplicada con agujas)
-. Homeopatía: Para la mialgia y contracción muscular de acuerdo a la individualidad de cada paciente se pueden usar actea racemosa, rhus toxocodendron, crocus, lachesis.
-. Sugestión e hipnosis. 18
Todavía hoy en día no se conoce perfectamente el mecanismo de acción del láser pero se cree que modula el comportamiento celular sin incrementar significativamente la temperatura tisular. De este modo, su actividad sobre los tejidos no obedece a efectos térmicos, sino a la interacción de las ondas electromagnéticas de esta radiación con las células. La energía es absorbida donde la concentración de fluidos es mayor; por lo tanto habrá una mayor absorción en los tejidos inflamados y edematosos, lo que estimula las numerosas reacciones biológicas relacionadas con el proceso de reparación de las heridas.
Se produce una interacción entre las células y los fotones irradiados (reacción fotoquímica); la célula absorbe la energía del fotón y ésta es transferida a las distintas biomoléculas, que a su vez estimulan otras biomoléculas. La energía transferida, que dependerá del poder de penetración del haz de energía, provoca un aumento de la energía cinética activando o desactivando enzimas u otras propiedades físicas o químicas de otras macromoléculas principales. Los mecanismos exactos que fundamentan este proceso aún son desconocidos y actualmente son motivo de estudio por parte de la comunidad científica; por este motivo, para algunos autores su uso es muy empírico y sujeto a observación.
Como se ha comentado ampliamente, el láser de baja potencia es utilizado para disminuir el dolor y la inflamación. En este sentido y dentro de la patología disfuncional de la ATM, autores como Jiménez, 22 han utilizado esta tecnología para contrarrestar la sintomatología álgica y disminuir el trismo con el que pueden cursar estas enfermedades
nosológicas, y sus resultados son muy prometedores.
De igual forma, Kulekcioglu, et al, 23 confirman estos resultados y concluyen que el uso del láser blando en la disfunción craneomandibular es un buen método alternativo ya que reduce el dolor y aumenta la apertura bucal y las lateralidades mandibulares.
En esta misma línea, Pinheiro, et al, 24,25 concluyen que el uso del láser de baja potencia es un método efectivo y beneficioso en el tratamiento de gran cantidad de alteraciones de la región maxilofacial como el dolor articular, la neuralgia del trigémino y el dolor muscular entre otros. 26
CONCLUSIONES
La medicina natural tiene infinidad de aplicaciones en la especialidad de estomatología y se comprobó cómo puede dar solución a múltiples urgencias. Es por ello que se insiste en su uso racional y en el incremento de los conocimientos sobre esta ciencia en ascenso.
REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
1. Bellón Leyva S, Aldama Bellón Y, Echarry Cano O. Actualización terapéutica en la aplicación de la Medicina Natural y Tradicional en Estomatología [Internet]. La Habana: Policlínico Universitario Vedado" Literatura para Estudiantes de Estomatología. Página Docencia; 2007 [citado 14 Dic. 2013] Disponible en: http://www.sld.cu/ galerias/pdf/sitios/pdvedado/ actualizmntestomat.pdf
2. Moreno Montoya A, Cañada Rodríguez A, Antúnez Coca J, Díaz Montes de Oca CI, Pineda AM. Uso de la fitoterapia en 3 clínicas estomatológicas de Santiago de Cuba. MEDISAN [Internet]. Abr 2011 [citado 16 Dic 2013];15(4):[aprox.
12 p.]. Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/ revistas/san/vol_15_4_11/san13411.htm
3. Acosta Navarro ME, Trujillo Alayón A, Travisas Herrera EM, Delgado Fernández R. La acupuntura y su aplicación en estomatología. Rev Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. Jun 2012 [citado 2 Feb 2014];49(2):[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php? script=sci_arttext&pid=S003475072012000200009&lng=es
4. Puig Capote EI, Rodríguez Gutiérrez GMI, Tan Suárez N, Espeso Nápoles N, Barciela Calderón J. La terapia homeopática y su aplicación en la Estomatología. AMC [Internet]. Feb 2009 [citado 9 Dic 2013];13(1):[aprox. 11 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php? script=sci_arttext&pid=S102502552009000100019&lng=es
5. Diéguez Pérez AR, Vinent Garbey JF, Abreu Correa JM, Abreu Correa M. Homeopatía para las afecciones bucales. REMIJ [Internet]. 2012 [citado 9 Dic 2013];13(1):[aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.remij.sld.cu/index.php/ remij/article/view/30/68
6. Rosales Álvarez Z, Rodríguez Cabrera KM, Díaz Cruz CE. Laserterapia y láserpuntura: alternativa de tratamiento en la pericoronitis. RCM de Pinar del Río. [Internet]. 2011 [citado 9 Dic 2013];15(3):[aprox. 9 p.]. Disponible en: http://publicaciones.pri.sld.cu/index.php/ publicaciones/article/view/796/1502
7. Miguel A, Morales S. En las raíces está el futuro. Fitomedicina y fitoterapia. Anuario de Chile 2003/2004. Santiago de Chile: Ediciones Universidad de Chile; 2004.
8. Carreira Piloto V, Almagro Urrutia Z. Efectividad del oleozón en el tratamiento de la estomatitis subprótesis. Rev Cubana Estomatol. 2000;37(3):140-5.
9. Campo J, Serrano C. Candidiasis oral: clínica y tratamiento. Gac Dental. Ene 2000;(104):7684.
10. Nápoles González I, Hidalgo Hidalgo S, Milanés Santana R, Fernández Franch N, Echemendía Guzmán O. Aplicación de un colutorio de aloe en el tratamiento de la estomatitis subprótesis. AMC [Internet]. 2003 [citado 14 Ene 2013];7(5):[aprox. 11 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.amc.sld.cu/amc/2003/ v7supl1/674.htm
11. Camps Mullines I, Corona Carpio MH, Medina Magluen C, Bruzón Varona C, Ibáñez Castillo MC. Eficacia de la crema de aloe al 25 % en la estomatitis subprotésica grado II. Rev Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. 2007 [citado 21 Ene 2013];44(3):[aprox. 12 p.]. Disponible en http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php? scrip=sci_arttext&pid=S003475072007000300 009&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es
12. Tan Suárez N, Hidalgo García CR, Tan Suárez NT, Rodríguez Gutiérrez GM, Mulet García M. Eficacia del tratamiento homeopático en la alveolitis dental. Arch Med Camagüey [Internet]. 2007 [citado 14 Dic 2013];11(2):[aprox. 23 p.]. Disponible en: http//www.sld.cu/amc/ v7n2/ 672. htm
13. Corona Carpio M H, González Rodríguez W, Lao Salas N, Camps Mullines I. El Vimang en la estomatitis subprotésica grado I: Presentación de un caso. Rev. Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. Sep 2007 [citado 2 Feb 2014]; 44(3):[aprox. 12 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/ scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S003475072007000300014&lng=es
14. Ley Sifontes L, Silva Martínez Y, Martín Reyes O, Paz Latorre EI, Landrián Díaz C. Eficacia del aceite de girasol ozonizado en el tratamiento de la estomatitis subprótesis grado I y II. AMC [Internet]. Jun 2008 [citado 2 Feb 2014];12
(3):[aprox. 9 p.]. Disponible en: http:// scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php? script=sci_arttext&pid=S102502552008000300005&lng=es
15. Camps Mullines I, Corona Carpio M H, Medina Magluen C, Bruzón Varona C, Ibáñez Castillo M C. Eficacia de la crema de aloe al 25 % en la estomatitis subprotésica grado II. Rev Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. Sep 2007 [citado 2 Feb 2014];44(3):[aprox. 23 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/ scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S003475072007000300009&lng=es
16. Colectivo de autores. Guías prácticas. Ciudad de La Habana: Editorial Ciencias Médicas; 2007.
17. Okeson JP, De Leeuw R. Differential diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders and other orofacial pain disorders. Dent Clin of North Am. Jan 2011;55(1):105-120.
18. Rodríguez Betancourt MC, Mursulí Sosa M, Díaz Batista R, Rodríguez Navia TC. Magnetoterapia en el dolor miofacial. Presentación de casos. Gac Méd Espirit [Internet]. 2011 [citado 12 Ene 2014];13(3):[aprox. 8 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.bvs.sld.cu/revistas/gme/pub/ vol.13.(3)_09/p9.html
19. Matos Frómeta K."Ventajas de la ultrasonoterapia en pacientes con disfunción de la articulación temporomandibular. Medisan [Internet]. 2012 [citado 12 Ene 2014];16(5):[aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/ scielo.php?pid=S102930192012000500002&script=sci_arttext&tlng= pt
20. Major M, Ash J. Filosofía oclusal: pasado y presente. Labor Dent Clin. 2001;2(1):16-8.
21. Grau León I, Fernández Lima K, Osorio Núñez M. Algunas consideraciones sobre los trastornos temporomandibulares. Rev Cubana Estomatol [Internet]. Dic 2005 [citado 3 Feb 2014];42(3):[aprox. 3 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php? script=sci_arttext&pid=S003475072005000300005&lng=es
22. Jiménez López V. El láser en el tratamiento de las disfunciones de la ATM. Rev. Actual Estomatol España. Abr 1986;46(355):35-40.
23. Kulekcioglu S, Sivrioglu K, Ozcan O, Parlak M. Effectiveness of low level laser therapy in temporomandibular disorder. Scand J Rheumatol. 2003;32:114-8.
24. Pinheiro AL, Cavalcanti ET, Pinheiro TI, Alves MJ, Manzi CT. Low level laser therapy in the management of disorders of the maxillofacial region. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1997 Apr;15 (4):181-3. Doi:10.1089/clm.1997.15.181.
25. Pinheiro AL, Cavalcanti ET, Pinheiro TI, Alves MJ, Miranda ER, De Quevedo AS, et al. Low level laser therapy is an important tool to treat disorders of the maxillofacial region.
J Clin Laser Med Surg. 1998 Apr;16(4):223-6. Doi:10.1089/clm.1998.16.223. Oltra-Arimon D, España-Tost AJ, Berini-Aytés L, Gay-Escoda C. Aplicaciones del láser de baja potencia en Odontología. RCOE [Internet]. Oct 2004 [citado 3 Feb 2014];9(5):[aprox. 7 p.]. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext &pid=S1138-123X2004000500003&lng=es
Recibido: 15 de febrero de 2015
Aprobado: 27 de mayo de 2015
Dr. Kadir Argelio Santana Fernández. Especialista de II Grado en Estomatología General Integral. Profesor Asistente. Policlínico Camilo Torres Restrepo. Santiago de Cuba, Cuba. Email: email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:7599fc40-2c64-4aa4-a937-2ac285653fb4> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train | finepdfs | spa_Latn | 30,487 |
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CITY OF FITCHBURG
HILLSIDE HEIGHTS
STORMWATER SOLUTIONS
Cory Horton, PE, CFM, CPESC
Senior Project Manager
email@example.com
(608) 421-5310
AGENDA
• Discuss the problem
• Discuss current findings
• Background / history
• Obtain input from the neighborhood on the problem/solutions
• Discuss potential solutions
• Create a prioritized roadmap for implementation
What are trying to address?????
• Structural damage to property
• High groundwater (basement/sump pumps/septic)
• Nuisance water on property
• Ancillary impacts (park water, issues mowing, etc.)
• Others??
Recent significant rainfalls
• 2018 (August) 6.25” rainfall (9 hours)
• 2018 (June) 4.6” rainfall after 2.1” rainfall
• 2018 (February) Frozen ground/thaw, release of frozen pipe under Fish Hatchery Road
• 2008 (June) Wettest June on record
• Others?
Cumulative Precipitation: MADISON 2018
Data as of 21-Aug-18
Wisconsin State Climatology Office
1955 Aerial
• 1960 Aerial
2017 Aerial
Depth to groundwater
- RED – Less than 6”
- YELLOW – 24”-40”
- GREEN – 40”-80”
- BLUE - >80”
- Water is close to surface
Hydrologic Soil Group
- Soils around pond are clay. Slow to soak into ground.
- Confirmed with previous dredging.
2.6 Acres
126.3 Acres
10.2 Acres
11.8 Acres
17.2 Acres
29.7 Acres
16.2 Acres
20.5 Acres
25.5 Acres
Irish Lane Drainage Map
Legend
- Storm Manhole
- Outfall
- Inlet
- Stormsewer
- Basin
Dog Park Pond
Created by: City of Fitchburg Public Works Department 5/2018.
This map, geospatial data, and any associated metadata is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, including but not limited to its completeness, fitness for a particular use, or accuracy of its content, positional or otherwise.
Findings from modeling
• Little runoff (and ponding) is generated for rainfalls less than 2-inches
• Pond infiltration (based on soils) is very low and has minimal effect on flood height
• The drainage area ratio to pond area is 55:1.
• Excavating the pond as much as possible only increases live pond volume by 8%
• A gravity outlet is very flat and requires a significant distance to outfall. Capacity is therefore very low and does not lower flood height significantly.
• 2008 Fish Hatchery Road (CTH D) culverts have potential to significantly impact Hillside Heights.
• Evaluated many alternatives that we will discuss on following slides.
2 ft. contour
Rainfall elevation 6/19/18
~ 1008 feet
Discussion / Roadmap to implementation
• What options would you like to see implemented?
• What order makes the most sense?
Potential Solutions
• Add valve to control water from Fish Hatchery Road
• Pump when necessary
• Add storage around Hillside Heights pond
• Dog park pond - repair infiltration
• Lower overtop elevation to east
• Add gravity pipe outlet to drain higher flows east
• Flood proof homes/property
• Improve infiltration in Hillside Heights depression
• Others?
| IMPROVEMENTS | 100-year Flood Improvement (FEET) | 10-Year Flood Improvement (FEET) | 1-Year Flood Improvement (FEET) | Cost Low | Cost High | Notes |
|-------------------------------------|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------|---------------------------------|----------|-----------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Valve FHR | 2.96 | 0.33 | 0 | $10,000 | $15,000 | |
| Add Storage | 0.19 | 0.44 | 0 | $40,000 | $50,000 | Could be done by City Crews |
| Pump | 0.38 | * | * | $20,000 | $75,000 | Helps to lower pond quickly after events |
| Infiltration at Dog Park | 0 | 0 | Slight | * | * | *Will be completed with other budgets |
| 12” Culvert | 0.76 | 0.3 | 0 | $134,000 | $150,000 | Could cause wetland impact and downstream impacts |
| 3-15” Culverts | 3.6 | 0.52 | 0 | $450,000 | $500,000 | Could cause wetland impact and downstream impacts |
| 15” Culvert, Storage, and Valve | 3.78 | 0.55 | 0 | $185,000 | $220,000 | Could cause wetland impact and downstream impacts |
| Lower Overtop to East | 2.48 | 0.55 | 0 | | | Work on private property - not feasible |
| Divert South Farm Field | 0 | 0.06 | 0.06 | | | Causes downstream impacts – not feasible |
| Increase Infiltration in Pond | | | | | | Could cause wetland impact – not feasible |
Add Valve to Control Water from Fish Hatchery Road
• Adding a valve would reduce the amount of water able to move from Fish Hatchery Road to Hillside Heights pond.
• City would still be able to open valve during large rainfall events to reduce flooding on Fish Hatchery Road when it would not cause damages to Hillside Heights.
• Benefits large rain events and slightly improves small events.
• Cost Estimate: ≈$10,000
Irish Lane Drainage Map
Legend
- Storm Manhole
- Outfall
- Inlet
- Stormsewer
- Basin
LOCATION OF PROPOSED VALVE
Created By: City of Fitchburg Public Works Department 8/25/19.
This map is for informational purposes only and is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, including but not limited to its completeness, fitness for a particular use, or accuracy of its content, positional or otherwise.
Pump
• Continue to pump when necessary
• Could be a permanent setup/temporary setup with permanent intake/temporary setup
• Estimated Cost to buy and install a pump: ≈$20,000-$75,000 (depends on what method the City chooses)
• Cost of pump rental has been roughly $3,000 per event
• Permitting would depend on wetland impact/level of intake
• Could be implemented quickly
Excavation Around Hillside Heights Pond
• Excavate land to the north and south of Hillside Heights Pond
• Have 4 by 1 grading to provide maximum amount of storage in area
• About 1 acre-foot of additional storage would be created
• Cost Estimate: ≈ $40,000 to $50,000
Wetland delineation
1 ft. contour
5 ft. contour
Proposed contours
Dog Park Site
• Repair infiltration pond.
• Compost was not incorporated into sand and had a lot of clay.
• Make pond bigger in dog park.
• Drainage area is less than 5 acres
• Not much water to store (unless pumped from downstream)
• Pumping water to the dog park site would ultimately drain back into the Hillside Heights Pond and could raise groundwater levels.
Lower Overtop Elevation to East
• Lower berm elevation to east of Hillside Heights Pond
• Allow for easier flow of water out of Hillside Heights depression
• Would need to be lowered quite significantly to have a real effect
• Would require work on private property and could increase downstream flooding
Culvert from Hillside Heights Pond
• Add an outfall to Hillside Heights pond
• Would need to be nearly 3,000 feet long in order to drain water away from pond
• Issues
• Flooding downstream
• Rights of way
• May need to dig on private land
• Cost Estimate: ≈$134,000-$500,000
• Depends on size/capacity
Potential downstream impacts from additional downstream flow from new culverts
Improve Infiltration in Hillside Heights Depression
• Previous dredging in the area revealed dense blue clay and boulders in soil around Hillside Heights Pond (confirms soil survey)
• Likely would need to excavate very deep to reach sandy soils
• Would need extensive geotechnical investigation
• Could adversely increase groundwater levels
• Would be a permitting issue as this would drain wetland
Farm Field South of Pond
• Drain farm field to the east
• Small drainage area directly contributes to Hillside Heights Pond
• Redirecting this runoff would decrease flood heights less than 0.1-foot
• Would be challenging to make water flow another direction because it is surrounded by higher elevations in every other direction
• Could cause flooding elsewhere
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Analyzing Hogwild Parallel Gaussian Gibbs Sampling
Matthew J. Johnson
EECS, MIT
firstname.lastname@example.org
James Saunderson
EECS, MIT
email@example.com
Alan S. Willsky
EECS, MIT
firstname.lastname@example.org
Abstract
Sampling inference methods are computationally difficult to scale for many models in part because global dependencies can reduce opportunities for parallel computation. Without strict conditional independence structure among variables, standard Gibbs sampling theory requires sample updates to be performed sequentially, even if dependence between most variables is not strong. Empirical work has shown that some models can be sampled effectively by going “Hogwild” and simply running Gibbs updates in parallel with only periodic global communication, but the successes and limitations of such a strategy are not well understood.
As a step towards such an understanding, we study the Hogwild Gibbs sampling strategy in the context of Gaussian distributions. We develop a framework which provides convergence conditions and error bounds along with simple proofs and connections to methods in numerical linear algebra. In particular, we show that if the Gaussian precision matrix is generalized diagonally dominant, then any Hogwild Gibbs sampler, with any update schedule or allocation of variables to processors, yields a stable sampling process with the correct sample mean.
1 Introduction
Scaling probabilistic inference algorithms to large datasets and parallel computing architectures is a challenge of great importance and considerable current research interest, and great strides have been made in designing parallelizable algorithms. Along with the powerful and sometimes complex new algorithms, a very simple strategy has proven to be surprisingly successful in some situations: running Gibbs sampling updates, derived only for the sequential setting, in parallel without globally synchronizing the sampler state after each update. Concretely, the strategy is to apply an algorithm like Algorithm 1. We refer to this strategy as “Hogwild Gibbs sampling” in reference to recent work [1] in which sequential computations for computing gradient steps were applied in parallel (without global coordination) to great beneficial effect.
This Hogwild Gibbs sampling strategy has long been considered a useful hack, perhaps for preparing decent initial states for a proper serial Gibbs sampler, but extensive empirical work on Approximate Distributed Latent Dirichlet Allocation (AD-LDA) [2, 3, 4, 5, 6], which applies the strategy to generate samples from a collapsed LDA model, has demonstrated its effectiveness in sampling LDA models with the same predictive performance as those generated by standard serial Gibbs [2, Figure 3]. However, the results are largely empirical and so it is difficult to understand how model properties and algorithm parameters might affect performance, or whether similar success can be expected for any other models. There have been recent advances in understanding some of the particular structure of AD-LDA [6], but a thorough theoretical explanation for the effectiveness and limitations of Hogwild Gibbs sampling is far from complete.
Sampling inference algorithms for complex Bayesian models have notoriously resisted theoretical analysis, so to begin an analysis of Hogwild Gibbs sampling we consider a restricted class of models that is especially tractable for analysis: Gaussians. Gaussian distributions and algorithms are tractable because of their deep connection with linear algebra. Further, Gaussian sampling is of
Algorithm 1 Hogwild Gibbs Sampling
Require: Samplers $G_i(\bar{x}_{-i})$ which sample $p(x_i | x_{-i} = \bar{x}_{-i})$, a partition $\{\mathcal{I}_1, \mathcal{I}_2, \ldots, \mathcal{I}_K\}$ of $\{1, 2, \ldots, n\}$, and an inner iteration schedule $q(k, \ell) \geq 0$
1: Initialize $\bar{x}^{(1)}$
2: for $\ell = 1, 2, \ldots$ until convergence do ▷ global iterations/synchronizations
3: for $k = 1, 2, \ldots, K$ in parallel do ▷ for each of $K$ parallel processors
4: $y_{\mathcal{I}_k}^{(1)} \leftarrow \bar{x}_{\mathcal{I}_k}^{\ell}$
5: for $j = 1, 2, \ldots, q(k, \ell)$ do ▷ run local Gibbs steps with old
6: for $i \in \mathcal{I}_k$ do ▷ statistics from other processors
7: $\bar{y}_i^{(j)} \leftarrow G_i(\bar{x}_{\mathcal{I}_1}^{(\ell)}, \ldots, \bar{y}_{\mathcal{I}_k}^{(j)}, \ldots, \bar{x}_{\mathcal{I}_K}^{(\ell)})$
8: $\bar{x}^{(\ell+1)} \leftarrow (\bar{y}_{\mathcal{I}_1}^{(q(1,\ell))}, \ldots, \bar{y}_{\mathcal{I}_K}^{(q(K,\ell))})$ ▷ globally synchronize statistics
great interest in its own right, and there is active research in developing powerful Gaussian samplers [7, 8, 9, 10]. Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling could be used in conjunction with those methods to allow greater parallelization and scalability, given an understanding of its applicability and tradeoffs.
Toward the goal of understanding Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling, the main contribution of this paper is a linear algebraic framework for analyzing the stability and errors in Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling. Our framework yields several results, including a simple proof for a sufficient condition for all Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling processes to be stable and yield the correct asymptotic mean no matter the allocation of variables to processors or number of sub-iterations (Proposition 1, Theorem 1), as well as an analysis of errors introduced in the process variance.
Code to regenerate our plots is available at https://github.com/mattjj/gaussian-hogwild-gibbs.
2 Related Work
There has been significant work on constructing parallel Gibbs sampling algorithms, and the contributions are too numerous to list here. One recent body of work [11] provides exact parallel Gibbs samplers which exploit graphical model structure for parallelism. The algorithms are supported by the standard Gibbs sampling analysis, and the authors point out that while heuristic parallel samplers such as the AD-LDA sampler offer easier implementation and often greater parallelism, they are currently not supported by much theoretical analysis.
The parallel sampling work that is most relevant to the proposed Hogwild Gibbs sampling analysis is the thorough empirical demonstration of AD-LDA [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] and its extensions. The AD-LDA sampling algorithm is an instance of the strategy we have named Hogwild Gibbs, and Bekkerman et al. [5, Chapter 11] suggests applying the strategy to other latent variable models.
The work of Ihler et al. [6] provides some understanding of the effectiveness of a variant of AD-LDA by bounding in terms of run-time quantities the one-step error probability induced by proceeding with sampling steps in parallel, thereby allowing an AD-LDA user to inspect the computed error bound after inference [6, Section 4.2]. In experiments, the authors empirically demonstrate very small upper bounds on these one-step error probabilities, e.g. a value of their parameter $\varepsilon = 10^{-4}$ meaning that at least 99.99% of samples are expected to be drawn just as if they were sampled sequentially. However, this per-sample error does not necessarily provide a direct understanding of the effectiveness of the overall algorithm because errors might accumulate over sampling steps; indeed, understanding this potential error accumulation is of critical importance in iterative systems. Furthermore, the bound is in terms of empirical run-time quantities, and thus it does not provide guidance regarding on which other models the Hogwild strategy may be effective. Ihler et al. [6, Section 4.3] also provides approximate scaling analysis by estimating the order of the one-step bound in terms of a Gaussian approximation and some distributional assumptions.
Finally, Niu et al. [1] provides both a motivation for Hogwild Gibbs sampling as well as the Hogwild name. The authors present “a lock-free approach to parallelizing stochastic gradient descent” (SGD) by providing analysis that shows, for certain common problem structures, that the locking
and synchronization needed to run a stochastic gradient descent algorithm “correctly” on a multi-core architecture are unnecessary, and in fact the robustness of the SGD algorithm compensates for the uncertainty introduced by allowing processors to perform updates without locking their shared memory.
3 Background
In this section we fix notation for Gaussian distributions and describe known connections between Gaussian sampling and a class of stationary iterative linear system solvers which are useful in analyzing the behavior of Hogwild Gibbs sampling.
The density of a Gaussian distribution on $n$ variables with mean vector $\mu$ and positive definite\footnote{Assume models are non-degenerate: matrix parameters are of full rank and densities are finite everywhere.} covariance matrix $\Sigma \succ 0$ has the form
$$p(x) \propto \exp \left\{ -\frac{1}{2}(x - \mu)^{\top} \Sigma^{-1}(x - \mu) \right\} \propto \exp \left\{ -\frac{1}{2} x^{\top} J x + h^{\top} x \right\}$$ (1)
where we have written the information parameters $J := \Sigma^{-1}$ and $h := J \mu$. The matrix $J$ is often called the precision matrix or information matrix, and it has a natural interpretation in the context of Gaussian graphical models: its entries are the coefficients on pairwise log potentials and its sparsity pattern is exactly the sparsity pattern of a graphical model. Similarly $h$, also called the potential vector, encodes node potentials and evidence.
In many problems [12] one has access to the pair $(J, h)$ and must compute or estimate the moment parameters $\mu$ and $\Sigma$ (or just the diagonal) or generate samples from $\mathcal{N}(\mu, \Sigma)$. Sampling provides both a means for estimating the moment parameters and a subroutine for other algorithms. Computing $\mu$ from $(J, h)$ is equivalent to solving the linear system $J \mu = h$ for $\mu$.
One way to generate samples is via Gibbs sampling, in which one iterates sampling each $x_i$ conditioned on all other variables to construct a Markov chain for which the invariant distribution is the target $\mathcal{N}(\mu, \Sigma)$. The conditional distributions for Gibbs sampling steps are $p(x_i | x_{-i} = \bar{x}_{-i}) \propto \exp \left\{ -\frac{1}{2} v_{ii} x_i^2 + (h_i - J_{i-i} \bar{x}_{-i}) x_i \right\}$. That is, we update each $x_i$ via $x_i \leftarrow \frac{1}{J_{ii}} (h_i - J_{i-i} \bar{x}_{-i}) + v_i$ where $v_i \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \mathcal{N}(0, \frac{1}{J_{ii}})$.
Since each variable update is a linear function of other variables with added Gaussian noise, we can collect one scan for $i = 1, 2, \ldots, n$ into a matrix equation relating the sampler state at $t$ and $t+1$:
$$x^{(t+1)} = -D^{-1} L x^{(t+1)} - D^{-1} L^{\top} x^{(t)} + D^{-1} h + D^{-\frac{1}{2}} \tilde{v}^{(t)}, \quad \tilde{v}^{(t)} \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \mathcal{N}(0, I),$$
where we have split $J = L + D + L^{\top}$ into its strictly lower-triangular, diagonal, and strictly upper-triangular parts, respectively. Note that $x^{(t+1)}$ appears on both sides of the equation, and that the sparsity patterns of $L$ and $L^{\top}$ ensure that each entry of $x^{(t+1)}$ depends on the appropriate entries of $x^{(t)}$ and $x^{(t+1)}$. We can re-arrange the equation into an update expression:
$$x^{(t+1)} = -(D + L)^{-1} L^{\top} x^{(t)} + (D + L)^{-1} h + (D + L)^{-1} \tilde{v}^{(t)}, \quad \tilde{v}^{(t)} \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \mathcal{N}(0, D).$$
The expectation of this update is exactly the Gauss-Seidel iterative linear system solver update [13, Section 7.3] applied to $J \mu = h$, i.e. $x^{(t+1)} = -(D + L)^{-1} L^{\top} x^{(t)} + (D + L)^{-1} h$. Therefore a Gaussian Gibbs sampling process can be interpreted as Gauss-Seidel iterates on the system $J \mu = h$ with appropriately-shaped noise injected at each iteration.
Gauss-Seidel is one instance of a stationary iterative linear solver based on a matrix splitting. In general, one can construct a stationary iterative linear solver for any splitting $J = M - N$ where $M$ is invertible, and similarly one can construct iterative Gaussian samplers via
$$x^{(t+1)} = (M^{-1} N) x^{(t)} + M^{-1} h + M^{-1} v^{(t)}, \quad v^{(t)} \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \mathcal{N}(0, M^{\top} + N)$$ (2)
with the constraint that $M^{\top} + N \succeq 0$ (i.e. that the splitting is P-regular [14]). For an iterative process like (2) to be stable or convergent for any initialization we require the eigenvalues of its
update map to lie in the interior of the complex unit disk, i.e. \( \rho(M^{-1}N) := \max_i |\lambda_i(M^{-1}N)| < 1 \) [13, Lemma 7.3.6]. The Gauss-Seidel solver (and Gibbs sampling) correspond to choosing \( M \) to be the lower-triangular part of \( J \) and \( N \) to be the negative of the strict upper-triangle of \( J \). \( J \succeq 0 \) is a sufficient condition for Gauss-Seidel to be convergent [13, Theorem 7.5.41] [15], and the connection to Gibbs sampling provides an independent proof.
For solving linear systems with splitting-based algorithms, the complexity of solving linear systems in \( M \) directly affects the computational cost per iteration. For the Gauss-Seidel splitting (and hence Gibbs sampling), \( M \) is chosen to be lower-triangular so that the corresponding linear system can be solved efficiently via backsubstitution. In the sampling context, the per-iteration computational complexity is also determined by the covariance of the injected noise process \( v^{(t)} \), because at each iteration one must sample from a Gaussian distribution with covariance \( M^T + N \).
We highlight one other standard stationary iterative linear solver that is relevant to analyzing Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling: Jacobi iterations, in which one splits \( J = D - A \) where \( D \) is the diagonal part of \( J \) and \( A \) is the negative of the off-diagonal part. Due to the choice of a diagonal \( M \), each coordinate update depends only on the previous sweep’s output, and thus the Jacobi update sweep can be performed in parallel. A sufficient condition for the convergence of Jacobi iterates is for \( J \) to be a generalized diagonally dominant matrix (i.e. an H-matrix) [13, Definition 5.13]. A simple proof\(^2\) due to Ruozzi et al. [16], is to consider Gauss-Seidel iterations on a lifted \( 2n \times 2n \) system:
\[
\begin{pmatrix}
D & -A \\
-A & D
\end{pmatrix}
\xrightarrow{\text{G-S update}}
\begin{pmatrix}
D^{-1} & 0 \\
D^{-1}AD^{-1} & D^{-1}
\end{pmatrix}
\begin{pmatrix}
0 & A \\
0 & 0
\end{pmatrix}
= \begin{pmatrix}
0 & D^{-1}A \\
0 & (D^{-1}A)^2
\end{pmatrix}.
\]
Therefore one iteration of Gauss-Seidel on the lifted system is exactly two applications of the Jacobi update \( D^{-1}A \) to the second half of the state vector, so Jacobi iterations converge if Gauss-Seidel on the lifted system converges. Furthermore, a sufficient condition for Gauss-Seidel to converge on the lifted system is for it to be positive semi-definite, and by taking Schur complements we require \( D - AD^{-1}A \succeq 0 \) or \( J = (D^{-\frac{1}{2}}AD^{-\frac{1}{2}})(D^{-\frac{1}{2}}AD^{-\frac{1}{2}}) \succeq 0 \), which is equivalent to requiring generalized diagonal dominance [13, Theorem 5.14].
### 4 Gaussian Hogwild Analysis
Given that Gibbs sampling iterations and Jacobi solver iterations, which can be computed in parallel, can each be written as iterations of a stochastic linear dynamical system (LDS), it is not surprising that Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling can also be expressed as an LDS by appropriately composing these ideas. In this section we describe the LDS corresponding to Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling and provide convergence and error analysis, along with a connection to a class of linear solvers.
For the majority of this section, we assume that the number of inner iterations performed on each processor is constant across time and processor index; that is, we have a single number \( q = q(k, \ell) \) of sub-iterations per processor for each outer iteration. We describe how to relax the assumption at the end of this subsection.
Given a joint Gaussian distribution of dimension \( n \) represented by a pair \( (J, h) \) as in (1), we represent an allocation of the \( n \) scalar variables to local processors by a partition of \( \{1, 2, \ldots, n\} \), where we assume partition elements are contiguous without loss of generality. Consider a block-Jacobi splitting of \( J \) into its block diagonal and block off-diagonal components, \( J = D_{\text{block}} - A \), according to the partition. \( A \) includes the cross-processor potentials, and this block-Jacobi splitting will model the outer iterations in Algorithm 1. We further perform a Gauss-Seidel splitting on \( D_{\text{block}} \) into (block-diagonal) lower-triangular and strictly upper-triangular parts, \( D_{\text{block}} = B - C \); these processor-local Gauss-Seidel splittings model the inner Gibbs sampling steps in Algorithm 1. We refer to this splitting \( J = B - C - A \) as the Hogwild splitting; see Figure 1a for an example.
For each outer iteration of the Hogwild Gibbs sampler we perform \( q \) processor-local Gibbs steps, effectively applying the block-diagonal update \( B^{-1}C \) repeatedly using \( Ax^{(k)} + h \) as a potential
---
\(^2\) When \( J \) is symmetric one can arrive at the same condition by applying a similarity transform as in Proposition 5. We use the lifting argument here because we extend the idea in our other proofs.
vector that includes out-of-date statistics from the other processors. The resulting update operator for one outer iteration of the Hogwild Gibbs sampling process can be written as
\[
x^{(t+1)} = (B^{-1}C)^q x^{(t)} + \sum_{j=0}^{q-1} (B^{-1}C)^j B^{-1} \left( Ax^{(t)} + h + v^{(t,j)} \right), \quad v^{(t,j)} \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \mathcal{N}(0, D)
\]
where \(D\) is the diagonal of \(J\). Note that we shape the noise diagonally because in Hogwild Gibbs sampling we simply apply standard Gibbs updates in the inner loop.
As mentioned previously, the update in (4) is written so that the number of sub-iterations is homogeneous, but the expression can easily be adapted to model any numbers of sub-iterations by writing a separate sum over \(j\) for each block row of the output and a separate matrix power for each block in the first \(B^{-1}C\) term. The proofs and arguments in the following subsections can also be extended with extra bookkeeping, so we focus on the homogeneous \(q\) case for convenience.
### 4.1 Convergence and Correctness of Means
Because the Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling iterates form a Gaussian linear dynamical system, the process is stable (i.e. its iterates converge in distribution) if and only if [13, Lemma 7.3.6] the deterministic part of the update map (4) has spectral radius less than unity, i.e.
\[
T := (B^{-1}C)^q + \sum_{j=0}^{q-1} (B^{-1}C)^j B^{-1} A = (B^{-1}C)^q + (I - (B^{-1}C)^q)(B - C)^{-1} A
\]
satisfies \(\rho(T) < 1\). We can write \(T = T^q_{\text{ind}} + (I - T^q_{\text{ind}})T_{\text{block}}\) where \(T_{\text{ind}}\) is the purely Gauss-Seidel update when \(A = 0\) and \(T_{\text{block}}\) for the block Jacobi update, which corresponds to solving the processor-local linear systems exactly at each outer iteration. The update (5) falls into the class of two-stage splitting methods [14, 17, 18], and the next proposition is equivalent to such two-stage solvers having the correct fixed point.
**Proposition 1.** If a Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs process is stable, the asymptotic mean is correct.
**Proof.** If the process is stable the mean process has a unique fixed point, and from (4) and (5) we can write the fixed-point equation for the process mean \(\mu_{\text{hog}}\) as \((I - T)\mu_{\text{hog}} = (I - T_{\text{ind}})(I - T_{\text{block}})\mu_{\text{hog}} = (I - T_{\text{ind}})(B - C)^{-1}h\), hence \((I - (B - C)^{-1}A)\mu_{\text{hog}} = (B - C)^{-1}h\) and \(\mu_{\text{hog}} = (B - C - A)^{-1}h\).
The behavior of the spectral radius of the update map can be very complicated, even generically over simple ensembles. In Figure 1b, we compare \(\rho(T)\) for \(q = 1\) and \(q = \infty\) (corresponding to \(T = T_{\text{block}}\)) with models sampled from a natural random ensemble; we see that there is no general relationship between stability at \(q = 1\) and at \(q = \infty\).
Despite the complexity of the update map’s stability, in the next subsection we give a simple argument that identifies its convergence with the convergence of Gauss-Seidel iterates on a larger, non-symmetric linear system. Given that relationship we then prove a condition on the entries of \(J\) that ensures the convergence of the Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling process for any choice of partition or sub-iteration count.
#### 4.1.1 A lifting argument and sufficient condition
First observe that we can write multiple steps of Gauss-Seidel as a single step of Gauss-Seidel on a larger system: given \(J = L - U\) where \(L\) is lower-triangular (including the diagonal, unlike the notation of Section 3) and \(U\) is strictly upper-triangular, consider applying Gauss-Seidel to a larger block \(k \times k\) system:
\[
\begin{pmatrix}
L & -U \\
-U & L \\
\ddots & \ddots \\
-\hat{U} & L
\end{pmatrix}
\overset{\text{G-S}}{\longrightarrow}
\begin{pmatrix}
L^{-1} & L^{-1} \\
L^{-1}UL^{-1} & L^{-1} \\
\vdots & \ddots \\
(L^{-1}U)^{k-1}L^{-1} & \cdots & L^{-1}UL^{-1} & L^{-1}
\end{pmatrix}
\begin{pmatrix}
U \\
\vdots \\
(L^{-1}U)^k
\end{pmatrix}
= \begin{pmatrix}
L^{-1}U \\
\vdots \\
(L^{-1}U)^k
\end{pmatrix}
\]
Therefore one step of Gauss-Seidel on the larger system corresponds to \(k\) applications of the Gauss-Seidel update \(L^{-1}U\) from the original system to the last block element of the lifted state vector.
Now we provide a lifting on which Gauss-Seidel corresponds to Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs iterations.
Figure 1: (a) visualization of the Hogwild splitting; (b) Hogwild stability for generic models; (c) and (d) typical plots of $\|\Pi(\Sigma - \Sigma_{\text{hog}})\|_{\text{Fro}}$. In (b) each point corresponds to a sampled model $J = QQ^T + nrI$ with $Q_{i,j} \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \mathcal{N}(0, 1)$, $r \overset{\text{iid}}{\sim} \text{Uniform}[0.5, 1]$, $n = 24$ with an even partition of size 4. In (c) and (d), models are $J = B - C - tA$ where $B - C - A = QQ^T$, $n = 150$ with an even partition of size 3. The plots can be generated with `python figures.py -seed=0`.
**Proposition 2.** Two applications of the Hogwild update $T$ of (5) are equivalent to the update to the last block element of the state vector in one Gauss-Seidel iteration on the $(2qn) \times (2qn)$ system
$$
\begin{pmatrix}
E & -F \\
-F & E
\end{pmatrix}
\tilde{x} =
\begin{pmatrix}
h \\
\vdots \\
h
\end{pmatrix}
\text{with }
E =
\begin{pmatrix}
B & B \\
-C & B \\
\ddots & \ddots \\
-C & B
\end{pmatrix},
\quad F =
\begin{pmatrix}
A+C \\
A \\
\vdots \\
A
\end{pmatrix}.
$$
(7)
**Proof.** By comparing to the block update in (3), it suffices to consider $E^{-1}F$. Furthermore, since the claim concerns the last block entry, we need only consider the last block row of $E^{-1}F$. $E$ is block lower-bidiagonal as the matrix that is inverted in (6), so $E^{-1}$ has the same lower-triangular form as in (6) and the product of the last block row of $E^{-1}$ with the last block column of $F$ yields $(B^{-1}C)^q + \sum_{j=0}^{q-1} (B^{-1}C)^j B^{-1}A = T$. □
**Proposition 3.** Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling is convergent if Gauss-Seidel converges on (7).
Unfortunately the lifting is not symmetric and so we cannot impose positive semi-definiteness on the lifted system; however, another sufficient condition for Gauss-Seidel stability can be applied:
**Theorem 1.** If $J$ is generalized diagonally dominant (i.e. an H-matrix, see Berman et al. [13, Definition 5.13, Theorem 5.14]) then Hogwild Gibbs sampling is convergent for any variable partition and any number of sub-iterations.
**Proof.** If $J$ is generalized diagonally dominant then there exists a diagonal scaling matrix $R$ such that $\tilde{J} := JR$ is row diagonally dominant, i.e. $\tilde{J}_{ii} \geq \sum_{j \neq i} |\tilde{J}_{ij}|$. Since each scalar row of the coefficient matrix in (7) contains only entries from one row of $J$ and zeros, it is generalized diagonally dominant with a scaling matrix that consists of $2q$ copies of $R$ along the diagonal. Finally, Gauss-Seidel iterations on generalized diagonally dominant systems are convergent [13, Theorem 5.14], so by Proposition 3 the corresponding Hogwild Gibbs iterations are convergent. □
In terms of Gaussian graphical models, generalized diagonally dominant models include tree models and latent tree models (since H-matrices are closed under Schur complements), in which the density of the distribution can be written as a tree-structured set of pairwise potentials over the model variables and a set of latent variables. Latent tree models are useful in modeling data with hierarchical or multi-scaled relationships, and this connection to latent tree structure is evocative of many hierarchical Bayesian models. More broadly, diagonally dominant systems are well-known for their tractability and applicability in many other settings [19], and Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs provides another example of their utility.
Because of the connection to linear system solvers based on two-stage multisplittings, this result can be identified with [18, Theorem 2.3], which shows that if the coefficient matrix is an H-matrix then the two-stage iterative solver is convergent. Indeed, by the connection between solvers and samplers one can prove our Theorem 1 as a corollary to [18, Theorem 2.3] (or vice-versa), though our proof technique is much simpler. The other results on two-stage multisplittings [18, 14], can also be applied immediately for results on the convergence of Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling.
The sufficient condition provided by Theorem 1 is coarse in that it provides convergence for any partition or update schedule. However, given the complexity of the processes, as exhibited in Figure 1b, it is difficult to provide general conditions without taking into account some model structure.
### 4.1.2 Exact local block samples
Convergence analysis simplifies greatly in the case where exact block samples are drawn at each processor because $q$ is sufficiently large or because another exact sampler [9, 10] is used on each processor. This regime of Hogwild Gibbs sampling is particularly interesting because it minimizes communication between processors.
In (4), we see that as $q \to \infty$ we have $T \to T_{\text{block}}$; that is, the deterministic part of the update becomes the block Jacobi update map, which admits a natural sufficient condition for convergence:
**Proposition 4.** If $(B - C)^{-\frac{1}{2}} A (B - C)^{-\frac{1}{2}})^2 \prec I$, then block Hogwild Gibbs sampling converges.
**Proof.** Since similarity transformations preserve eigenvalues, with $\tilde{A} := (B - C)^{-\frac{1}{2}} A (B - C)^{-\frac{1}{2}}$ we have $\rho(T_{\text{block}}) = \rho((B - C)^{\frac{1}{2}} (B - C)^{-1} A (B - C)^{-\frac{1}{2}}) = \rho(\tilde{A})$ and since $\tilde{A}$ is symmetric $\tilde{A}^2 \prec I \Rightarrow \rho(\tilde{A}) < 1 \Rightarrow \rho(T_{\text{block}}) < 1$. □
### 4.2 Variances
Since we can analyze Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling as a linear dynamical system, we can write an expression for the steady-state covariance $\Sigma_{\text{hog}}$ of the process when it is stable. For a general stable LDS of the form $x^{(t+1)} = Tx^{(t)} + v^{(t)}$ with $v^{(t)} \sim \mathcal{N}(0, \Sigma_{\text{inj}})$ the steady-state covariance is given by the series $\sum_{t=0}^{\infty} T^t \Sigma_{\text{inj}} T^{t\top}$, which is the solution to the linear discrete-time Lyapunov equation $\Sigma = T \Sigma T^\top = \Sigma_{\text{inj}}$ in $\Sigma$.
The injected noise for the outer loop of the Hogwild iterations is generated by the inner loop, which itself has injected noise with covariance $D$, the diagonal of $J$, so for Hogwild sampling we have $\Sigma_{\text{inj}} = \sum_{j=0}^{q-1} (B^{-1}C)^j B^{-1} D B^{-\top} (B^{-1}C)^j \top$. The target covariance is $J^{-1} = (B - C - A)^{-1}$.
Composing these expressions we see that the Hogwild covariance is complicated, but we can analyze some salient properties in at least two regimes: when $A$ is small and when local processors draw exact block samples (e.g. when $q \to \infty$).
#### 4.2.1 First-order effects in $A$
Intuitively, the Hogwild strategy works best when cross-processor interactions are small, and so it is natural to analyze the case when $A$ is small and we can discard terms that include powers of $A$ beyond first order.
When $A = 0$, the model is independent across processors and both the exact covariance and the Hogwild steady-state covariance for any $q$ is $(B - C)^{-1}$. For small nonzero $A$, we consider $\Sigma_{\text{hog}}(A)$
to be a function of $A$ and linearize around $A = 0$ to write $\Sigma_{\text{hog}}(A) \approx (B - C)^{-1} + [D_0 \Sigma_{\text{hog}}](A)$, where the derivative $[D_0 \Sigma_{\text{hog}}](A)$ is a matrix determined by the linear equation
$$[D_0 \Sigma_{\text{hog}}](A) - S[D_0 \Sigma_{\text{hog}}](A)S^T = \widetilde{A} - S\widetilde{A}S^T - (I - S)\widetilde{A}(I - S)^T$$
where $\widetilde{A} := (B - C)^{-1}A(B - C)^{-1}$ and $S := (B^{-1}C)^q$. See the supplementary materials. We can compare this linear approximation to the linear approximation for the exact covariance:
$$J^{-1} = [I + (B - C)^{-1}A + ((B - C)^{-1}A)^2 + \cdots](B - C)^{-1} \approx (B - C)^{-1} + \widetilde{A}. \quad (8)$$
Since $\widetilde{A}$ has zero block-diagonal and $S$ is block-diagonal, we see that to first order $A$ has no effect on the block-diagonal of either the exact covariance or the Hogwild covariance. As shown in Figure 1c, in numerical experiments higher-order terms improve the Hogwild covariance on the block diagonal relative to the $A = 0$ approximation, and the improvements increase with local mixing rates.
The off-block-diagonal first-order term in the Hogwild covariance is nonzero and it depends on the local mixing performed by $S$. In particular, if global synchronization happens infrequently relative to the speed of local sampler mixing (e.g. if $q$ is large), $S \approx 0$ and $D_0 \Sigma_{\text{hog}} \approx 0$, so $\Sigma_{\text{hog}} \approx (B - C)^{-1}$ (to first order in $A$) and cross-processor interactions are ignored (though they are still used to compute the correct mean, as per Proposition 1). However, when there are directions in which $S$ is slow to mix, $D_0 \Sigma_{\text{hog}}$ picks up some parts of the correct covariance’s first-order term, $\widetilde{A}$. Figure 1d shows the off-block-diagonal error increasing with faster local mixing for small $A$.
Intuitively, more local mixing, and hence relatively less frequent global synchronization, degrades the Hogwild approximation of the cross-processor covariances. Such an effect may be undesirable because increased local mixing reflects greater parallelism (or an application of more powerful local samplers [9, 10]). In the next subsection we show that this case admits a special analysis and even an inexpensive correction to recover asymptotically unbiased estimates for the full covariance matrix.
### 4.2.2 Exact local block samples
As local mixing increases, e.g. as $q \to \infty$ or if we use an exact block local sampler between global synchronizations, we are effectively sampling in the lifted model of Eq. (3) and therefore we can use the lifting construction to analyze the error in variances:
**Proposition 5.** When local block samples are exact, the Hogwild sampled covariance $\Sigma_{\text{Hog}}$ satisfies
$$\Sigma = (I + (B - C)^{-1}A)\Sigma_{\text{Hog}} \quad \text{and} \quad ||\Sigma - \Sigma_{\text{Hog}}|| \leq ||(B - C)^{-1}A|| ||\Sigma_{\text{Hog}}||$$
where $\Sigma = J^{-1}$ is the exact target covariance and $||\cdot||$ is any submultiplicative matrix norm.
**Proof.** Using the lifting in (3), the Hogwild process steady-state covariance is the marginal covariance of half of the lifted state vector, so using Schur complements we can write $\Sigma_{\text{Hog}} = ((B - C) - A(B - C)^{-1}A)^{-1} = [I + ((B - C)^{-1}A)^2 + \cdots](B - C)^{-1}$. We can compare this series to the exact expansion in (8) to see that $\Sigma_{\text{Hog}}$ includes exactly the even powers (due to the block-bipartite lifting), so therefore $\Sigma - \Sigma_{\text{Hog}} = [(B - C)^{-1}A + ((B - C)^{-1}A)^3 + \cdots](B - C)^{-1} = (B - C)^{-1}A\Sigma_{\text{Hog}}$. □
## 5 Conclusion
We have introduced a framework for understanding Gaussian Hogwild Gibbs sampling and shown some results on the stability and errors of the algorithm, including (1) quantitative descriptions for when a Gaussian model is not “too dependent” to cause Hogwild sampling to be unstable (Proposition 2, Theorem 1, Proposition 4); (2) given stability, the asymptotic Hogwild mean is always correct (Proposition 1); (3) in the linearized regime with small cross-processor interactions, there is a trade-off between local mixing and error in Hogwild cross-processor covariances (Section 4.2.1); and (4) when local samplers are run to convergence we can bound the error in the Hogwild variances and even efficiently correct estimates of the full covariance (Proposition 5). We hope these ideas may be extended to provide further insight into Hogwild Gibbs sampling, in the Gaussian case and beyond.
## 6 Acknowledgements
This research was supported in part under AFOSR Grant FA9550-12-1-0287.
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Regional Economic Development Plan – Dehcho
Prepared for the GNWT Department of Industry, Tourism and Investment
August 9, 2023
# CONTENTS
1. **INTRODUCTION**
- 1.1 Purpose of the Regional Economic Development Plan
- 1.2 How the Plan Was Developed
- 1.3 Structure of the Plan
2. **SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE REGION**
- 2.1 Regional Overview
- 2.2 Population and Demographics
- 2.3 Economic Sectors
- 2.4 Employment, Income, and Labour Market
3. **STRENGTHS, CONSTRAINTS, DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES, AND PRIORITIES FOR ACTION**
- 3.1 Economic Strengths
- 3.2 Constraints to Development
- 3.3 Opportunities
- 3.4 Priorities for Action
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN
The mandate of the Minister of Industry, Tourism, and Investment (ITI) is to promote economic self-sufficiency through funding, support, and marketing initiatives designed to foster a positive economic environment in the Northwest Territories (NWT). ITI is working with various stakeholders and Governments throughout the territory to help diversify regional economies and to increase employment opportunities in the communities.
The purpose of this project, led by ITI, is to identify economic opportunities in each of the administrative Regions in the NWT and develop six Regional Economic Development Plans (REDPs). The development of REDPs is a mandate item under the 19th Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories as the Government of the Northwest Territories (GNWT) continues to work towards diversifying the economy of the NWT.
More specifically, this project entailed:
- Developing a list of engagement participants for the Region in association with local facilitators and ITI;
- Engaging with key regional stakeholders, Governments, and participants through surveys, interviews, and group sessions;
- Increasing the understanding of the importance of economic development;
- Identifying economic strengths, constraints, and development opportunities, in the Region; and
- Identifying priorities for action as identified by respondents to take advantage of strengths and opportunities, and to address constraints.
The REDP includes:
- A socio-economic profile of the Region;
- A summary of regional strengths, constraints, and development opportunities; and
- A summary of key economic development priorities for the Region reflecting the results of our research and consultation with key regional stakeholders, Indigenous Governments, Community/Municipal Governments, and participants.
The NWT consists of five administrative regions including the Dehcho, South Slave, Beaufort Delta, Sahtu, and North Slave Regions. A sixth REDP was developed for the communities covered under the Tłı̨chǫ Land Claims and Self-Government Agreement. The map in Figure 1 highlights the boundaries and communities located in each region.
The Dehcho Region is in the southwestern corner of the NWT, bordering the Yukon to the west, the Sahtu Region to the north, the North Slave and South Slave Regions to the east, and British Columbia and Alberta to the south.
1.2 HOW THE PLAN WAS DEVELOPED
This plan was developed through extensive engagement with key stakeholders and Governments as well as an in-depth review of the relevant statistics, reports, and existing local and sectoral strategies. The engagement process included:
• **A survey of regional stakeholders and other key informants.** The survey was posted online using the "Have Your Say" portal, the GNWT's public engagement website, and was designed to obtain input on identifying opportunities and mitigating challenges and threats to economic growth and gather recommendations for actions that could be taken to promote development.
• **In-person discussions and focus group in Fort Simpson.** The purpose of the sessions was to obtain input on developing the economy, and identify the opportunities and constraints to development, and identify priorities for action as identified by respondents.
• **Interviews with key stakeholders and Governments.** The purpose of the key stakeholder interviews was to give those with interest, expertise, and knowledge applicable to the regional economy the opportunity to share their opinions on the opportunities for development.
As demonstrated in the following table, 57 key stakeholders were engaged in the process of developing the plan for the Dehcho Region, including four key stakeholders who participated in interviews, 19 community representatives who were engaged in focus group discussions, nine regional stakeholders, and 25 sectoral and territorial representatives who participated in the survey.
**Table 1: Engagement Activities in the Dehcho Region**
| Engagement Method | Number of participants |
|-------------------------------------------------------|------------------------|
| Interviews with regional representatives | 4 |
| Focus groups | 19 |
| Surveys with regional stakeholders | 9 |
| Survey of sectoral or territorial representatives | 25 |
| **Total** | **57** |
In preparing the plan, we have also conducted a review of research reports, plans, strategies, profiles, and other documents relevant to the Dehcho Region and more generally, the NWT.
We used inclusive engagement approaches to increase participation by stakeholders from different backgrounds. Participants were provided multiple ways to participate including online surveys, phone or in-person interviews and group discussions. Multiple phone or email reminders were sent to stakeholders to encourage their participation. We hired a local facilitator in the Region who assisted with identifying local stakeholders, organized group discussions, recruited participants, promoted the engagements through social media, advertisements, and e-blasts. For example, the in-person group discussion in Fort Simpson was promoted through e-blasts, social media posts, and multiple phone and email reminders. The engagement was also promoted by the GNWT through the ITI website, social media, and emails. The group discussion was organized in the evening (6.00pm to 9.00pm) to facilitate attendance from the public.
1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE PLAN
Chapter 2 provides an overview of current economic conditions and presents a socio-economic profile of the Region. Chapter 3 summarizes the results of the engagement process regarding the economic outlook, the economic strengths on which the Region can build, constraints to development, development opportunities, and finally key priorities for action as identified by respondents.
2. SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF THE REGION
2.1 REGIONAL OVERVIEW
The Dehcho Region is in the south-western corner of the Northwest Territories, bordering the Yukon to the west, the Sahtu Region to the north, the North Slave and South Slave Regions to the east, and British Columbia and Alberta to the south. The Dehcho is comprised of a diverse array of geographical landscapes which includes the Mackenzie Mountains, the Liard and Mackenzie Rivers, Virginia Falls, wetlands, and boreal forests.
The Dehcho Region is comprised of six communities: Sambaa K’e, Wrigley, Nahanni Butte, Fort Simpson, Fort Liard, and Jean Marie River. The population of the Region is 2,169, with most of the population declaring to be of Indigenous descent. The communities in the Region range in size from the smallest, Jean Marie River with a population of 92 people, to the largest, Fort Simpson with a population of 1,230 people. Fort Simpson is the main administrative and transportation hub for the Region.
2.2 POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHICS
As of 2022, there were an estimated 45,605 people living in the NWT. Of these, approximately 5% lived in the communities of the Dehcho Region. As indicated in Table 2, residents are heavily concentrated in Fort Simpson, home to 57% of the Region’s population, and Fort Liard which accounts for another 24%.
Table 2: Dehcho Region Population, 2022
| Region and Communities | Population | % of Dehcho Region Population | % of NWT Population |
|---------------------------------|------------|-------------------------------|---------------------|
| Fort Liard | 523 | 24% | 1% |
| Fort Simpson | 1,230 | 57% | 3% |
| Jean Marie River | 92 | 4% | 0.2% |
| Nahanni Butte | 101 | 5% | 0.2% |
| Sambaa K’e (Trout Lake) | 97 | 4% | 0.2% |
| Wrigley | 126 | 6% | 0.3% |
| **Dehcho** | **2,169** | **100%** | **5%** |
| **Northwest Territories** | **45,605** | | **100%** |
Source: NWT Bureau of Statistics
Between 2009 and 2022, the Dehcho Region experienced a small decrease in population of 2%, while the NWT grew in population by 5%. This decrease was driven primarily by 3% and 7% population declines in Fort Simpson and Fort Liard, respectively. The greatest population decline was observed in Wrigley and Nahanni Butte (-8%), while Jean Marie River experienced growth of 26%.
Table 3: Dehcho Communities Population Change, 2009-2022
| Region/Community | 2022 Population | 2009 Population | % Change |
|---------------------------|-----------------|-----------------|----------|
| Fort Liard | 523 | 564 | -7% |
| Fort Simpson | 1,230 | 1,270 | -3% |
| Jean Marie River | 92 | 73 | 26% |
| Nahanni Butte | 101 | 110 | -8% |
| Sambaa K'e (Trout Lake) | 97 | 99 | -2% |
| Wrigley | 126 | 137 | -8% |
| **Dehcho** | **2,169** | **2,253** | **-2%** |
Source: NWT Bureau of Statistics
Chart 1 shows that the population of the Dehcho steadily declined from 2015 to 2022, with a minor increase in population in 2018.
In 2019, the NWT Bureau of Statistics developed population projections for the territory to 2035. According to these projections, the population of the Dehcho Region is forecasted to shrink by approximately 10%, from 2,224 in 2018 to 2,003 by 2035. During this same period, the population of the NWT overall is forecasted to grow from 44,541 in 2018 to 45,676 (an increase of 1,353 residents), which represents an increase of 2.5% (equal to 0.1% per year which is well below the national average of 1.2%).
84% of the Dehcho Region’s population identifies as Indigenous, well above the territorial average of 51%. As seen in the following table, the percentage of the population who are Indigenous is relatively consistent at 89 -100% across the Region’s smaller communities, while Fort Simpson sits at 72%.
### Table 5: Indigenous Representation
| Location | Indigenous Population | % of Indigenous language speakers |
|---------------------------|-----------------------|----------------------------------|
| NWT | 51% | 33% |
| Dehcho | 84% | 51% |
| Fort Liard | 89% | 62% |
| Fort Simpson | 72% | 38% |
| Jean Marie River | -- | 47% |
| Nahanni Butte | 91% | 66% |
| Sambaa K’e (Trout Lake) | -- | 77% |
| Wrigley | 100% | 59% |
Source: NWT Bureau of Statistics
The population of the Dehcho Region is slightly older than the territorial population, with 74% being over the age of 25 compared to 68% of the NWT as a whole and 65% of the Dehcho Region’s population is of working age\(^1\), which is equal to the NWT average.
---
\(^1\) Working age is defined as those between the ages of 15 and 59.
According to the 2021 Census, the median age in the Dehcho Region is higher than that of the NWT at 40.0 and 35.6, respectively, while both are lower than the median age of the Canadian population at 41.6. The distribution of average ages shows a similar trend, where the Dehcho Region sits at 40.2 relative to the territorial average of 36.4.
The percentage of the Dehcho population with a high school diploma or higher education increased gradually in most communities from 1991 to 2021, but remains low relative to the territorial average of 74% in 2021.
| Location | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
|-------------------|------|------|------|------|
| NWT | 60% | 65% | 69% | 74% |
| Dehcho | 41% | 45% | 49% | 55% |
| Fort Liard | 32% | 33% | 31% | 39% |
| Fort Simpson | 52% | 62% | 60% | 69% |
| Jean Marie River | 57% | 0% | 56% | 70% |
| Nahanni Butte | 46% | .. | 36% | 38% |
| Sambaa K'e (Trout Lake) | 60% | 17% | 40% | .. |
| Wrigley | 33% | 39% | 25% | 42% |
Source: NWT Bureau of Statistics
2.3 Economic Sectors
The economic sectors that have historically dominated the Dehcho economy include the public sector, construction, retail, and education. In addition, there are emerging sectors that have potential for growth, including: tourism, mining, agriculture and country food, manufacturing, forestry, and the traditional economy.
2.4 Employment, Income, and Labour Market
Employment
As demonstrated in Table 9, employment, income, and education levels in Dehcho Region communities fall short of the territorial average. While Fort Simpson outperforms the Region’s smaller communities in these indicators, it still exhibits lower income and higher unemployment relative to the NWT.
Table 9: Selected Regional Statistics, 2021\(^2\)
| Selected Characteristics | Fort Liard | Fort Simpson | Sambaa K'e | Jean Marie River | Nahanni Butte | Wrigley | NWT |
|--------------------------|-----------|--------------|------------|-----------------|---------------|---------|-----|
| Employment rate (2021) | 39% | 58% | - | 50% | 50% | 42% | 65% |
| Unemployment (2021) | 15% | 11% | - | 0% | 36% | 22% | 9% |
| Average income (2020) | $38,750 | $63,235 | - | - | - | - | $69,802 |
| Average family income (2020) | $79,536 | $136,929 | - | - | - | - | $149,197 |
| % with high school diploma (2021) | 39% | 69% | - | 70% | 38% | 42% | 74% |
Source: NWT Bureau of Statistics
Table 10 provides labour market participation rates for all communities in the Dehcho Region. As demonstrated in the table, in 2021, of the 1,650 people in the Region 15 years of age or older, 830 (50%) were employed, 135 (8%) were unemployed, and 680 (41%) were not in the labour force. The percentage of those employed was the highest in Fort Simpson (58%) and ranged from 39% - 50% in the rest of the communities.
\(^2\) No data was available for Sambaa K'e (Trout Lake)
As indicated in Table 11, among those employed the percentage of those who had full-time jobs ranged from 83% in Fort Simpson to 37% in Jean Marie River, while the other communities all fall in the range of 53-74%. In line with trends across the territory, large employment gaps exist across education levels and between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people. The territorial average employment rate for those without a high school diploma was only 38%, while the employment rate of those with a high school diploma or higher education is 77%. A similar discrepancy exists across most communities in the Dehcho Region.
Table 11: Employment Data by Characteristic, 2019
| Employment Profile (2019) | Fort Liard | Fort Simpson | Jean Marie River | Nahanni Butte | Sambaa K'e (Trout Lake) | Wrigley | NWT |
|---------------------------|------------|--------------|------------------|---------------|------------------------|---------|-----|
| **Employment Full/Part Time** | | | | | | | |
| % Full-Time | 74% | 83% | 37% | 58% | 53% | 62% | 83% |
| % Part-Time | 26% | 17% | 63% | 42% | 47% | 38% | 17% |
| **Education Level and Employment** | | | | | | | |
| Employment Rates for Those with Less than High School Diploma | 23% | 34% | 32% | 42% | 39% | 40% | 38% |
| Employment Rates for Those with High School Diploma or Greater | 54% | 76% | 52% | 74% | 54% | 42% | 77% |
| **Gender and Employment** | | | | | | | |
| Males | 31% | 64% | 30% | 51% | 50% | 49% | 66% |
| Females | 37% | 60% | 50% | 47% | 40% | 29% | 65% |
| **Indigenous Background and Employment** | | | | | | | |
| Indigenous | 29% | 50% | 37% | 50% | 43% | 38% | 50% |
| Non-Indigenous | 63% | 88% | 100% | 46% | 100% | 100% | 80% |
Source: NWT Bureau of Statistics
---
3 No data was available for Sambaa K'e (Trout Lake)
The Dehcho Region’s labour market is dominated by the public sector, with 27.6% of the workforce being employed by the public sector – approximately five times the national average according to the 2021 Census. Other major employment industries include construction, health care and social assistance, retail trade, and educational services.
Table 12: Labour Force by Industry, 2021
| North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) | Dehcho | NWT | Canada |
|------------------------------------------------------|--------|-----|-------|
| 91 Public administration | 27.6% | 27.4% | 6.2% |
| 23 Construction | 10.2% | 6.1% | 7.6% |
| 62 Health care and social assistance | 8.4% | 10.8% | 12.7% |
| 61 Educational services | 6.9% | 8.1% | 7.3% |
| 44-45 Retail trade | 7.6% | 9.0% | 11.1% |
| 72 Accommodation and food services | 5.8% | 4.7% | 5.6% |
| 48-49 Transportation and warehousing | 5.1% | 5.9% | 5.1% |
| 56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services | 2.9% | 3.3% | 4.1% |
| 21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 2.5% | 4.3% | 1.2% |
| 54 Professional, scientific and technical services | 2.2% | 4.3% | 8.1% |
| 71 Arts, entertainment and recreation | 2.2% | 1.8% | 1.8% |
| 22 Utilities | 1.8% | 1.4% | 0.8% |
| 11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting | 1.5% | 0.8% | 2.3% |
| 53 Real estate and rental and leasing | 1.5% | 1.2% | 1.8% |
| 41 Wholesale trade | 0.7% | 1.3% | 3.2% |
| 51 Information and cultural industries | 0.7% | 1.6% | 2.1% |
| 52 Finance and insurance | 0.7% | 1.2% | 4.2% |
Source: Statistics Canada Census 2021
The NWT Bureau of Statistics projects future labour demand across the NWT and its Regions using the NWT Occupational Demand Model, which estimates future demand for 140 occupations using three-digit National Occupation Classification (NOC) codes. As seen in the following table, the NWT is anticipated to have 13,700 job openings between 2021 and 2030. However, those job openings are not evenly distributed across regions with the majority (61%) expected to occur in Yellowknife and only 7% (or 950 jobs) is expected to occur in the Dehcho Region.
Replacement demand is expected to represent most job openings as current jobs are vacated due to retirement, deaths, or emigration. With a decline in diamond mining expected to reduce employment levels in the coming years, job growth in the territory is expected to be minimal.
**Cost of Living**
The NWT Bureau of Statistics uses Federal Isolated Post Living Differentials to determine the relative cost of living across communities in the NWT. The differentials are benchmarked to the cost of living in Edmonton (Index=100). In 2018, communities of the Dehcho Region, where measurement was possible, received differentials ranging from 132.5 in Fort Liard to 147.5 in Nahanni Butte, indicating an inflated cost of living. Yellowknife, by contrast, sits at an index value of 122.5.
| Community | Cost of Living Index (Edmonton = 100) |
|-----------------|--------------------------------------|
| Fort Liard | 132.5 |
| Fort Simpson | 142.5 |
| Nahanni Butte | 147.5 |
The rate of families that are considered low income decreased in the Dehcho Region from 23% in 2011 to 9% in 2020, which was higher compared to the territorial average of 6% of all NWT families in 2020. By comparison, Statistics Canada reported that 6% of Canadian families were considered low-income in 2020, considerably lower in comparison to the 15% reported in 2011.\(^5\) The data from 2020 was impacted by government support provided in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
---
\(^4\) The data should be interpreted with caution. The numbers provided for Dehcho Region represent communities of Fort Liard, Fort Providence, Fort Simpson, Hay River Dene 1, Jean Marie River, Kakisa, Nahanni Butte, Trout Lake, and Wrigley. Two of these communities (Fort Province and Hay River Dene 1) fall outside of the Dehcho Region, but were included in the Dehcho Region report by the NWT Bureau of Statistics.
\(^5\) Distribution of total income by census family type and age of older partner, parent or individual. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/cv.action?pid=1110001201
Across the Dehcho Region, food prices were significantly higher than the reference point in Yellowknife, averaging an additional 47%. Moreover, the percentage of those who reported difficulties in making ends meet ranged from 18% in Fort Simpson to 38% in Nahanni Butte, relative to a baseline of 16% in Yellowknife. The share of homes in these communities with internet access ranged from 34-51%, apart from Fort Simpson which was 72%.
**Table 15: Cost of Living**
| Community | 2019 Food Price Index (YK = 100) | % of Homes with Internet | Difficulty Making Ends Meet (2018) |
|--------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------|-----------------------------------|
| Fort Liard | 145.4 | 36% | 28% |
| Fort Simpson | 147.6 | 72% | 18% |
| Jean Marie River | -- | 44% | 20% |
| Nahanni Butte | 168.8 | 35% | 38% |
| Sambaa K’e (Trout Lake) | 169.7 | 51% | 33% |
| Wrigley | -- | 34% | 35% |
3. STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES, AND PRIORITIES FOR ACTION
During the interviews, focus groups, and survey involving residents, participants tended to be optimistic regarding the economic outlook for the Dehcho Region. Of the nine representatives who were surveyed, eight viewed the outlook as positive including three who viewed it as very positive. In comparison, only 7 of the 27 sectoral or territorial representatives who were surveyed viewed the economic outlook for their sector or the NWT overall as positive over the next five years.
Table 16: Perceived Economic Outlook
| Looking forward over the next five years, do you think the economic outlook for this region is? | Regional | Sectoral or Territorial |
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------|-------------------------|
| | # | % | # | % |
| Very positive | 3 | 33% | 0 | 0% |
| Somewhat positive | 5 | 56% | 7 | 2% |
| Neither positive nor negative | 0 | 0% | 4 | 16% |
| Somewhat negative | 0 | 0% | 11 | 44% |
| Very negative | 1 | 11% | 2 | 8% |
| Not sure | 0 | 0% | 1 | 4% |
| Total Participants | 9 | 100% | 25 | 100% |
Local representatives see significant opportunities associated with tourism (e.g., through Nahanni National Park and opportunities for fishing, sight-seeing, and touring), infrastructure development (e.g., major infrastructure developments and possible opening of the Prairie Creek mine), and other economic drivers. That was tempered, to some degree, by concerns about the pace of investment, unsettled land claims, and the regulatory environment.
### 3.1 Economic Strengths
Some of the strengths on which the economy of the Dehcho Region can build include:
- **Transportation infrastructure.** The Dehcho Region is connected to southern Canada by Highway 1, the Mackenzie Highway, which runs from the Alberta border to Wrigley; and by Highway 7, the Liard Trail which is a gravel road that runs from the British Columbia border north through the Dehcho Region, following the Liard River and connects with Highway 1. The proposed $700 million, 321-km Mackenzie Valley Highway project has been proposed to further extend Highway 1 north from Wrigley, connecting to Tulita and Norman Wells with an all-season gravel road. Work to advance an environmental assessment for the Mackenzie Valley Highway project continues and includes extensive community and public engagement.
- **Progress made towards a modern and comprehensive treaty.** There are two modern comprehensive treaties currently in negotiations in the Dehcho Region. The Dehcho Process began negotiations in 1999 on both a Framework Agreement and an Interim Measures Agreement (IMA). In 2001, the parties signed the IMA and the Framework Agreement, which set out the subjects for negotiations to conclude a Lands and Resources Agreement-in-Principle and a Final Agreement. In 2019 it was decided to put the land and resources discussions aside to focus on self-government negotiations. Once finalized, the agreement will protect the rights of both First Nations and Métis people within the Dehcho Region.
For their Final Land and Resources Agreement, the Acho Dene Koe First Nation (ADK) in Fort
Liard signed a Framework Agreement in 2008 and an Agreement-in-Principle (AIP) in 2014. The Framework Agreement committed the parties to a two-phased negotiation approach: Phase One focuses on lands and resources, and Phase Two focuses on self-government.
- **Diverse natural resources across the Region.** The Region has significant mineral, petroleum, forestry, and commercial and recreational fishing resources. Proven mineral reserves include zinc, lead, silver, tungsten, and diamonds. The most advanced mineral project in the Dehcho is NorZinc’s Prairie Creek Lead/Zinc/Silver Project. If this Project were to enter the production phase, the economic impacts for the Region would be significant.
- **Outstanding natural landscape and scenery.** The Dehcho Region has beautiful topography, including three Territorial Parks (Blackstone Territorial Park, Fort Simpson Territorial Park, and Sambaa Deh Falls Territorial Park) and one National Park (Nahanni National Park Reserve, encompassing more than 30,000 square kilometers and is a designated UNESCO world heritage site), abundant wildlife, three world-renowned rivers (the Mackenzie, Liard, and Nahanni), and the Mackenzie Mountains. The Region offers activities ranging from Aurora viewing and visiting fossil deposits to recreational sports such as snowmobiling, cross-country skiing, snow shoeing, and mountaineering. Visitors can also experience river tours, paddling excursions, and take part in authentic Indigenous cultural events.
- **The high level of government employment provides for greater economic stability.** The GNWT is the leading single employer within the Region, with nearly 400 employees.\(^6\) Under the funding arrangement between Canada and the GNWT, the budget is affected in part by the population of the NWT. As such, the public administration sector serves as somewhat of a steadying force for the economy, to the extent that any economic downturn does not result in a decline in population.
- **The cultural and traditional knowledge held by Indigenous people.** The cultures and traditional knowledge held by Indigenous people within the Region could be combined with western science in decision making and could lead to partnerships and opportunities to work with research centres and academia in areas of climate research, sub-arctic regions, and boreal forests.
\(^6\) GNWT, Public Service Annual Report 2021/2022
3.2 CONSTRAINTS TO DEVELOPMENT
The regional and sector/territorial representatives who were surveyed were asked to rate the extent to which various issues constrain economic development in the Dehcho Region, on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is not at all, 3 is somewhat and 5 is to a great deal. The results are summarized below.
Table 17: Constraints to Development
| On a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is no constraint at all, 3 is somewhat of a constraint, and 5 is a major constraint, how much of a constraint to development are the following issues? | Regional | Sectoral / Territorial |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Respondents | 9 | 25 |
| Cost of business operations | 4.6 | 4.2 |
| Access to land and resources | 4.6 | 3.9 |
| Access to skilled workers | 4.3 | 4.6 |
| Cost of living (e.g., housing, food, energy) | 4.2 | 4.4 |
| Access to markets | 4.2 | 3.8 |
| Access to capital | 3.8 | 3.4 |
| Access to business support | 3.3 | 3.0 |
| Energy infrastructure | 3.2 | 4.2 |
| Development processes, permitting issues and other regulatory issues | 3.2 | 4.1 |
| Transportation access | 3.2 | 3.9 |
| Internet connectivity | 2.9 | 3.6 |
Major constraints identified in the survey, interviews, and focus groups included:
- **High cost of living and doing business.** Expenditures on food, shelter, transportation, and utilities are significantly higher than the Canadian average. The high cost of transporting raw materials, supplies, and products to the Region, as well as shipping products out by road or air has a major impact on local businesses relative to other jurisdictions.
- **Access to land and resources.** Two modern, comprehensive treaties are currently under negotiation in the Dehcho Region. In the late 1950s and the early 2000s, oil and gas exploration and production were major contributors to the Region’s economy but all activity and production in the Region has since ceased. It is anticipated that, once concluded, the treaties will enhance collaboration and decision-making, open opportunities for development, and increase access to resources.
- **Access to markets.** The small size of local markets, combined with the costs of transporting goods to other markets, affect all aspects of business development and economic growth.
---
7 Sectoral and territorial representatives were responding for the sector which they represent (e.g., tourism) and/or for the NWT rather than specifically for the Dehcho Region.
• **Limited access to, participation in, and effectiveness of education and training.** According to focus group participants, high school graduation rates are low and create major challenges to long-term prosperity. Low graduation rates were attributed to a mismatch between the needs of the education system and the needs of the local workforce, and a shortage of qualified instructors. According to stakeholders, to fully participate in the labour market, local youth need access to technical or trade training. However, a local training facility was recently closed due to a lack of instructors. The challenge is not only finding ways to attract instructors but being able to retain them over the medium term. Participants suggested that the Region put more of an emphasis on educating and training instructors locally. There are concerns that youth traveling outside of their local areas to access education and training may not return once finished.
• **Access to capital and business support services.** Focus group participants indicated that, through sources such as Community Futures, the Métis-Dene Development Fund, ITI, the NWT Business Development and Investment Corporation, and the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency, small businesses have access to capital. The challenge is that entrepreneurs need more support in researching and developing viable businesses that will be able to attract and repay that capital.
• **Development processes, permitting issues, and other regulatory issues.** When asked about existing regulations and processes, participants noted:
▪ The government should take a more community-centred approach. Some concern was expressed that government officials in Yellowknife may not understand on-the ground realities associated with developing and operating businesses in communities. Rather than working with communities to find ways to make a proposed economic development initiative work, there is a tendency just for proposals to be turned down.
▪ There is a need to update community plans.
▪ Applications for grants and other funding can be cumbersome and the processing time can be long with little communication from the government in the interim. There is a need to streamline processes, given that smaller communities have limited capacity to navigate their way through complicated procedures. Some requirements for funding (e.g., that land be purchased for development) may not be consistent with Indigenous customs, traditions, and ways of life.
▪ It is not always clear which regulations are in place or that their impact on communities has been adequately considered. Examples that were cited in the focus group included situating the polytechnic university primarily in Yellowknife instead of spreading campuses across multiple communities, prioritizing large infrastructure projects that serve the interests of Yellowknife, and the government’s initial opposition to the construction of the Łı́dlı́į Kų́į First Nation Regional Building in Fort Simpson.
▪ Participants highlighted a need to strengthen trust between people in communities and the GNWT in Yellowknife and ensure that communities feel that they are the driving force in major decisions.
• **Climate change.** Climate change is rapidly affecting the Region and is expected to accelerate changes in the growing and hunting seasons. According to participants, animal harvesting, produce farming, fishing, and general access to a winter road are all dependent on the climate,
and these practices are becoming more unpredictable due to climate change. Climate change has also led to milder winters in the North and an increase in average temperatures. This has led to melting of the permafrost, and this has had negative impacts on existing infrastructure including roads, bridges, and houses and buildings. As a result, costs to maintain, repair, and replace infrastructure are likely to increase in the future.
- **Underdeveloped infrastructure**. Some of the examples that were cited as constraining development in the Region included a lack of all-weather roads and bridges, a lack of tourism facilities, services, and infrastructure (e.g., new boat ramps), and internet connectivity issues. While improvements are being made, communities in the Region still report experiencing connectivity issues and the speed of internet is generally slow and has higher costs compared to other regions. A lack of community facilities and support services was identified as one reason some people choose to move to Yellowknife.
### 3.3 Opportunities
The surveyed representatives were asked to rate how much of a priority the government and others should place on promoting various sectors on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is no priority at all, 3 is some priority, and 5 is a major priority. The average ratings of regional representatives as well as the sector and territorial representatives are provided in the table below. As indicated, tourism, small business development, arts and culture, and renewable or alternative energy were the sectors rated the highest.
#### Table 18: Priority Sectors for Development
| Given the opportunities available in this region, on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 is no priority at all, 3 is some priority, and 5 is a major priority, how much of a priority do you think government and others should place on promoting the following sectors: | Regional | Sectoral / Territorial |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Respondents | 9 | 25 |
| Tourism | 4.7 | 3.7 |
| Small business development | 4.4 | 3.4 |
| Arts and culture sector | 4.4 | 3.0 |
| Renewable or alternative energy | 4.3 | 3.1 |
| Education and training services | 4.0 | 3.9 |
| Other renewable resources | 4.0 | 2.9 |
| Remediation and site reclamation | 3.8 | 3.6 |
| Traditional economy | 3.6 | 3.0 |
| The tech sector and innovation | 3.4 | 2.8 |
| Country foods | 3.2 | 4.0 |
| Mineral exploration and mine development | 3.2 | 3.3 |
| Agriculture | 3.1 | 3.5 |
| Film Sector | 3.1 | 2.7 |
| Scientific research | 3.0 | 3.8 |
| Commercial fisheries | 3.0 | 3.3 |
| Manufacturing | 2.9 | 3.9 |
| Oil & gas exploration and development | 2.9 | 3.8 |
In depth discussions of the sectors that were identified in the focus groups, interviews, and surveys are provided below:
- **Tourism.** Given that there is ground access from British Columbia and Alberta, tourism already plays a significant role in the economy of the Dehcho Region and the potential for further growth is significant. Expectations are high as the sector emerges from the pandemic. Parks provide varying levels of service to visitors, from access to running water and electricity to bare camping essentials. Two segments identified for growth include:
- **Outdoor adventure activities:** in the summer include camping, sightseeing, wildlife viewing, cycling, boating, fishing, hunting, photography, hiking, and visiting historic sites. Winter offers opportunities for Aurora viewing, snow sports such as: snowshoeing, cross country skiing, snowmobile tours and dogsledding. It was also mentioned that the Region might be promoted as a holiday destination for tourists from Asian countries.
- **Cultural tourism:** Many individuals who visit the Region would like to have an authentic experience of the north. As such, there is a unique opportunity to develop Indigenous arts and crafts, showcase heritage sites, and host cultural festivals or events that will attract tourists and increase their local spending. Examples of cultural tourism activities mentioned included the creation of a local arts and crafts store, events around Indigenous storytelling, conducting boat tours along local rivers, and other land-based activities.
A major constraint to the development of the tourism sector is the lack of supporting infrastructure and the cost of travel to the Region. For example, most tourists who visit the NWT for Aurora viewing choose to stay in Yellowknife due to the availability of hotels and the lower cost in comparison to other locations within the territory. It could cost $4,000 to $6,000 in airfare for a small family to travel from Yellowknife to Fort Simpson for several days. The sector would benefit from leveraging the Region’s proximity to the Nahanni National Park and from more development of hotels, campgrounds, boat ramps, roads, and other infrastructure.
- **Small business development.** The development of infrastructure and bolstering the regional economy creates opportunities for small business development. Representatives noted that much more could be done to create awareness of potential development opportunities among businesses and entrepreneurs, incentivize small businesses to undertake more significant projects, create more of an entrepreneurial culture, and build an environment that is more supportive of businesses (e.g., provide infrastructure, access to financing, training and professional development resources, and other programs).
- **Arts and crafts.** Local artists and artisans are active in the Region, selling their work online, locally through word of mouth, or to tourists. While there is potential to grow this sector, participants noted that support is needed to help artists access raw materials, technology, equipment, training (e.g., on operating machines), and market their creations more effectively online.
• **Agriculture and country foods.** The Dehcho Region has excellent soil, a good climate for production, and vast amounts of arable land. Currently, there are two major producers and six community and school gardens in the Region. The community gardens in the Dehcho region, especially the Sambaa K’e Community Garden, and a few other home-based agricultural businesses have been growing in the Region over the years. Some of the factors that are constraining growth are the lack of commercial production, issues related to access to land (unsettled land claims), outdated regulations regarding agriculture and farming, and a general lack of agriculture expertise. Participants also highlighted hydroponic gardens and cannabis production as potential areas for development.
• **Manufacturing.** According to participants, there is a need to explore the feasibility of creating more value-added businesses in the Region. There may be opportunities to produce a range of value-added products, including those from locally grown natural resources such as food, beverages (e.g., teas), and forest products. Items produced in the Region could take advantage of market perceptions of the north as “exotic” and coming from the “pristine” or “untouched environment” of the north and sold at a premium. It was suggested that even apparel and arts and crafts (e.g., those made in the style of Indigenous communities of the north) can be sold as luxury items if branded and promoted properly.
• **Research.** Participants noted that there exists an opportunity to build research facilities in the Region and nurture partnerships with research centres and universities across Canada to focus on research related to the sub-arctic region, permafrost, and boreal forests. These partnerships have the potential to bring new investments, create job opportunities, and contribute to the training and uplifting of local youth.
• **Social enterprises.** A few representatives also noted there are opportunities to encourage the development of social enterprises, which are businesses that pursue a social mission through an entrepreneurial approach. The Region experiences many issues, including the lack of social programs, higher instances of health and addiction-related emergencies, and educational attainment-related struggles which can be addressed and mitigated through the growth of social enterprises. Recently, the federal government and municipal governments across Canada have introduced social procurement frameworks, policies, and programs designed to support social entrepreneurship by developing social enterprise policies, providing grants and contributions, offering business development support services, promoting the use of community benefit agreements, and incorporating social clauses and associated requirements into procurement and development permits.
• **Oil & Gas.** Until the early 2000s, oil and gas exploration and production were major contributors to the Region’s economy. While all activity and production in the Region has since ceased, the Region still has significant hydrocarbon deposits. According to participants, there is also significant potential to develop natural gas fields. Natural gas is environmentally friendly when compared to other fossil fuels (e.g., coal), which may appeal more to environmentally conscious consumers.
• **Mineral development.** The Dehcho Region has significant mineral deposits including gold, zinc, tungsten, copper, lead, silver, diamonds, and possibly graphite. The Region is host to the Prairie Creek mine, a zinc-lead-silver advanced project owned by NorZinc (formerly Canadian
Zinc) situated in the Nahanni National Park Reserve, which is anticipated to open by the end of 2025. The Prairie Creek Mine has significant potential to bring economic activity to the Region and create employment opportunities for residents. The past producing CanTung tungsten mine is currently on care and maintenance and is beginning the closure process. The CanTung Mine is under the responsibility of the Government of Canada. Finally, Olivut Resources Ltd. has found 29 kimberlites and diamonds at its HOAM Project.
- **Construction and major infrastructure development.** The Mackenzie Valley Highway would help create economic activity for the Region. Private sector investments and Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation funding can be leveraged to address housing shortages and support the development of the construction sector. As the major hub for the Region, Fort Simpson has the potential to undertake more housing and infrastructure development projects. Building multi-family units and single-family units can benefit the community in its efforts to become a major hub.
- **Forestry.** The Dehcho Region has abundant forestry resources that could be utilized locally or shipped to other Regions of the NWT and southern Canada. In the past, many communities had their own sawmills and harvested trees to meet local demand. There is a growing market for wood pellets used for home and commercial building heating. However, factors such as the availability of workers, costs, and the distance to markets have made establishing commercial operations a challenge. Some participants recommended working with large mills outside of the NWT that would be able to establish operations in the Region to harvest the forests. Wood could be trucked to southern Canada and transported north via winter roads and by barge in the summer.
- **Remediation and site reclamation.** It is estimated that there are over 500 sites in the NWT that require or will require assessment, remediation, clean up, and monitoring, and it is estimated that remediation activities in the NWT would be worth approximately $4.8B over the next 30 years with just under 90% of spending likely to occur in the next 15 years. The annual spend is estimated to be roughly $291M per year for the next 15 years, generating approximately $151M per year in Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to the NWT in that timeframe.
In the Dehcho, the past producing Cameron Hills project is currently under care and maintenance and will eventually need to be remediated. The sour gas field consists of 50 well sites, winter roads, summer all-terrain vehicle trails, a gas and oil gathering system, a central battery, temporary and permanent camps, airstrips, borrow pits and bridges. Strategic Oil and Gas was previously a federal responsibility, the GNWT assumed responsibility over the site under the Devolution Agreement on April 1, 2014 but there was no approved closure plan and no reclamation liability estimate to properly calculate financial security. Production from the project stopped in February 2015 due to economic conditions and commodity prices. Currently the field is in the closure phase. The remediation of this project could provide significant opportunities for companies in the Region when the work takes place.
3.4 PRIORITIES FOR ACTION
Dehcho regional representatives who were surveyed, as well as representatives who were surveyed about sectors or the NWT overall, were asked to select, from a list, up to ten actions that should be a high priority for the government and others in promoting economic development. As indicated in Table 20, the most identified priorities were to increase access to business support services, attract more tourists to the Region, improve transportation access and infrastructure, further incorporate Indigenous traditional and local knowledge into education programs, and increase access to business mentorship programs and related small business education and training for entrepreneurs and businesses.
Other possible priorities that were identified by the focus group, through interviews, and by survey included:
• Improve the level of collaboration between different communities and stakeholder groups. One option would be to create regional working groups who would research local issues and needs and develop joint funding proposals.
• Develop unique education models which would be better tailored to how individuals learn and built upon the interests of youth and their areas of strength.
• Take steps to protect the environment and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
• Better incorporate traditional knowledge into development plans.
Table 20: Recommendations Regarding Economic Development Priorities for the Government and Others
| Recognizing that government and others can focus on only so many priorities, which of the following potential actions would you consider to be a high priority for your respective region? (Please select your top 10 choices) | Regional | Sectoral / Territorial |
|---|---|---|
| Number of Respondents | 9 | 25 |
| Increase access to business support services | 78% | 8% |
| Attract more tourists to the region | 67% | 48% |
| Improve transportation access | 67% | 44% |
| Further incorporate Indigenous traditional and local knowledge into education programs | 67% | 32% |
| Increase access to business mentorship programs and related small business education and training for entrepreneurs and businesses | 67% | 28% |
| Help grow local and regional markets for products | 56% | 40% |
| Improve pathfinding services linking businesses to funding programs and support | 56% | 32% |
| Increase access to early-stage capital | 56% | 32% |
| Facilitate e-marketing and use of digital platforms and social media to market products and services from the NWT | 44% | 32% |
| Implement business and investment attraction initiatives/business incentives | 44% | 20% |
| Further develop energy infrastructure | 33% | 72% |
| Increase access to loan financing | 33% | 16% |
| Increase access to fast reliable and affordable internet | 22% | 64% |
| Increase access to post-secondary education and training programs | 22% | 40% |
| Attract workers and residents from outside of Canada | 22% | 36% |
| Make more strategic use of government procurement to promote economic development | 22% | 32% |
| Encourage development of strong industry associations and sector partnerships | 22% | 24% |
| Stage events and other mechanisms that provide opportunities for networking | 22% | 4% |
| Address regulatory issues | 11% | 72% |
| Attract workers and residents from other parts of Canada | 11% | 44% |
| Increase access to youth entrepreneurship training | 11% | 32% |
| Invest in coworking spaces makerspaces arts & craft centres and incubators | 11% | 24% |
| Strengthen connections between education and business | - | 60% |
| Transform Aurora College into a polytechnic university | - | 24% |
Representatives were then asked, given the priorities that they had identified, what are the three most important actions that the government could take to support economic development in the Dehcho Region were. The most common recommendations were to:
• Focus on the development of small businesses. This could involve increasing access to:
o Business mentorship and entrepreneurship development programs;
o Start-up capital, loans, and grants;
o Business contracts and tenders; and
o Support for social media and marketing strategy development and execution.
• Accelerate infrastructure development (e.g., tourism facilities including accommodations, all-weather roads, a bridge to Nahanni Butte, housing and temporary lodging, and the completion of Highways 1 and 7).
• Attract tourists, skilled workers, entrepreneurs, and investors to the Region.
• Review and update existing government regulations, processes and policies, and include Indigenous governments in all permitting and licensing processes for the Region.
• Improve access to, and reduce the cost of, air transportation.
Participants then provided a range of recommendations and comments on how the economic development of the Region can be better supported. These included:
• **Focus on educational attainment**: The most important priority for the Region is to improve educational outcomes, graduation rates, and the skills and knowledge of community members.
• **Emphasize economic diversification**. Achieving sustainable economic growth across a range of businesses and sectors will ensure economic resilience in the future.
• **Housing**: Addressing the massive housing shortage should be a priority. One option is to better utilize existing housing stock. Some of the housing shortage could be alleviated through the restoration and renovation of existing housing that is vacant. Many housing units in Fort Simpson owned by the federal government are empty (possibly due to contamination) and could be renovated and made available to community members.
• **Tourism**: Improving roadways will increase tourist inflows, particularly by those travelling by ground from British Columbia, Alberta, Yukon, and Alaska. Creating more tourist attractions based on local nature and culture will help attract people to the regional tourism centre/facility.
• **Prevention and mitigation**. Investments in infrastructure are needed to prevent ecological catastrophes such as flooding. The economy of Fort Simpson is still recovering from the impact of the 2021 flooding, when residents had to be evacuated when waters from the Liard River rose to historic heights. Reducing the likelihood of these types of events should be a priority.
• **Mental health and wellness**. Addressing social problems should be considered a part of economic development. Empowered families are more likely to take care of themselves; investment in mitigating social issues produces results slowly and gradually, but they are effective and necessary long-term.
• **Reduce business costs**. Wages are the highest cost for most businesses in the Region, particularly those in the tourism sector. Wage subsidies for local businesses to hire qualified employees could be an effective approach to help the local economy.
• **Create a business-friendly regulatory framework.** The challenge is to ensure that the regulatory environment supports, rather than constrains, the growth of local businesses. Policies and regulations should be created with local needs in mind. This may require decentralizing the decision-making process and providing more decision-making power to the Regions and communities themselves.
• **Attract residents to the Region.** The Region is projected to experience a decline in population, while Canada is projected to receive 500,000 new immigrants over the next few years. With proper policies and programs, some of these immigrants can be encouraged to make their homes in the Dehcho Region. | 611b374b-955d-4ff9-b1cc-0e3fe3a16f68 | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 57,785 |
ŽUPANIJA MEĐIMURSKA
PROGRAM RASPOLAGANJA POLJOPRIVREDNIM ZEMLJIŠTEM U VLASNIŠTVU REPUBLIKE HRVATSKE
ZA OPĆINU KOTORIBA
08. svibnja 2018.
Na području općine KOTORIBA ukupno je 518,47 ha poljoprivrednog zemljišta u vlasništvu Republike Hrvatske.
PODACI O DOSADAŠNJEM RASPOLAGANJU
| REDNI BROJ | VRSTA UGOVORA | UKUPAN BROJ UGOVORA |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | zakup | 5 |
| 2. | dugogodišnji zakup | 1 |
| 3. | koncesija | 0 |
| 4. | privremeno korištenje | 2 |
| 5. | prodaja s obročnom otplatom | 16 |
SADRŽAJ PROGRAMA
| OBLIK RASPOLAGANJA | POVRŠINA u ha |
|---|---|
| površine određene za povrat | / |
| površine određene za prodaju - jednokratno, maksimalno do 25% | 5,20 |
| površine određene za zakup | 513,27 |
| površine određene za zakup za ribnjake | / |
| površine određene za zakup zajedničkih pašnjaka | / |
| površine određene za ostale namjene - jednokratno, maksimalno do 5% | / |
MAKSIMALNA POVRŠINA ZA ZAKUP iznosi: _5 _ ha.
NAPOMENA/OBRAZLOŽENJE (određene specifičnosti za područje jedinice lokalne samouprave):
Raspolaganje glavninom i najvrednijim dijelom državnoga zemljišta na području Općine Kotoriba već je riješeno kroz dugogodišnji zakup, odnosno zakup prema prethodnim zakonima o poljoprivrednom zemljištu. Ovim oblicima raspolaganja obuhvaćeno je 480 ha ili 93% državne zemlje na području Općine. Pritom se veći dio navedenih površina (308 ha ili 64%) nalazi u dugogodišnjem zakupu (do 2061.), dok se 172 ha ili 36% nalazi u zakupu do 2032. g. Time na području Općine za „novo" raspolaganje, odnosno zakup ostaje oko 30 ha državnog poljoprivrednog zemljišta.
U tom kontekstu, postavlja se pitanje utvrđivanja maksimalne površine za zakup, proizašlog iz činjenice da Zakonodavac nije pobliže regulirao problematiku maksimalnih zakupa (npr. maksimumi za male OPG-e, odnosno za tvrtke, i sl.). Malo dostupnih površina podrazumijeva i nizak maksimum, međutim to onda nominalno može značiti, ili „na terenu" biti tumačeno da su veliki zakupnici, tj. najveći dio zakupnika na području Općine Kotoriba u posjedu površina drastično neusklađenih s važećim Programom raspolaganja.
Imajući u vidu dugoročnost aktivnih i važećih zakupa, ovdje se predlaže postavljanje maksimuma s obzirom na preostale površine (spomenutih 30-ak ha), njihov oblik i veličinu. Dakle, manji maksimum za koji treba naglasiti da ni na koji način ne dovodi u pitanje valjanost postojećih aktivnih zakupa.
Za raspolaganje prodajom Programom je predviđeno 5 ha malenih i raštrkanih čestica, najvećim dijelom u porječnom pojasu uz rijeku Muru. Ovisno o primjedbama nositelja raspolaganja i dionika s terena, one prije konačnog usvajanja Programa mogu dijelom ili u potpunosti biti raspoređene i u kvotu za zakup, osobito s obzirom na činjenicu da bi mogle biti obuhvaćene ograničavajućim budućim očitovanjima vezanima za utjecaj na okoliš (mreža Natura 2000). Navedena moguća ograničenja odnose se i na dio ostalih površina ovim Prijedlogom predviđenih za zakup, što potencijalni interesenti trebaju imati u vidu.
Na području Općine postoji i mogućnost raspolaganja putem zakupa za ribnjake (kč. 4503, površine 4 ha). Međutim, realizaciji ovog oblika raspolaganja morat će prethoditi postupci u smislu rješavanja imovinsko-pravnih odnosa, počevši od eventualnog pokretanja postupka ometanja posjeda, a potom i sređivanja zemljišno-knjižnog stanja (iako u naravi ribnjak, čestica se katastarski vodi kao trstik).
Na sljedećoj stranici: TABLICA POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA PO POJEDINIM OBLICIMA RASPOLAGANJA (* tablice se popunjavaju u excel formatu):
r.br
Županija
Općina
Katastarska općina naziv
OPĆINA KOTORIBA: PRIKAZ RASPOLAGANJA PO KATASTARSKIM ČESTICAMA I OBLICIMA RASPOLAGANJA
Katastarska
Katastarska
Katastarska čestica
Katastarska čestica općina brojčana
oznaka
Katastarska čestica broj
čestica površina m2
način uporabe/katastarska
kultura predviđeni oblik
raspolaganja
Katastarska čestica specifičnosti
Katastarska čestica dosadašnji oblik
raspolaganja
Katastarska čestica trajanje
raspolaganja (do
NAPOMENA
datuma)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
| 1. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 531 | 6759 | LIVADA | ZAKUP | P1 | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1799 | 4161 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1; Obraslo | | | |
| 3 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1809 | 45340 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1; Nesređeno ZK stanje | PRIVREMENO KORIŠTENJE POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 30.09.2021. | teret: Centar za soc rad |
| 4 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1814 | 2105 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1; Obraslo | | | |
| 5 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1820 | 1124 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1; Obraslo | | | |
| 6 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1834 | 24261 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. | |
| 7 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1835 | 27106 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. | |
| 8 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1836 | 49418 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. | |
| 9 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1837 | 5641 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | | |
| 10 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 1852 | 3538 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1; Obraslo | | | |
| 11 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2044 | 1323 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | 1/8 RH |
| 12 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2048/2 | 59 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 13 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2049 | 162 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 14 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2050 | 336 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 15 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2051 | 382 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 16 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2052 | 262 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 17 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2234 | 391 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | RH 1/8 |
| 18 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2288 | 3975 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK stanje | | | u PL RH 1/9 u ZK 1/8 |
| 19 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2368/1 | 65 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 20 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2394 | 33 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Nesređeno ZK stanje | | | u ZK šuma |
| 21 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2395 | 53 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Nesređeno ZK stanje | | | u ZK šuma |
| 22 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2422 | 132 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 23 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2423 | 165 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 24 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2587 | 1183 | LIVADA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 25 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2741 | 53 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 26 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2748 | 624 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 27 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2749 | 379 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 28 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2870 | 1336 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 29 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2871 | 1336 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 30 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2877 | 1054 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 31 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2880 | 1307 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 32 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2884 | 588 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 33 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2888 | 1035 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 34 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2893 | 444 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 35 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2909 | 673 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 36 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2911 | 722 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 37 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2912 | 757 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 38 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2914 | 2717 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 39 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2917 | 668 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK stanje | | | u PL HŠ u ZK fiz. Osoba |
| 40 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2922 | 1415 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 41 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2939 | 3006 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 42 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2940 | 1397 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 43 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2942 | 1571 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 44 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2943 | 2670 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | |
| 45 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2945 | 1470 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | | u pl RH u ZK fiz. Osoba |
| 46 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2968 | 2925 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | | u PL HŠ u ZK fiz. Osobe |
| 47 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2974 | 15420 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | | u PL HŠ U zk 3/8 RH |
| 48 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2975 | 5187 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | | u PL HŠ u ZK fiz. Osobe |
| 49 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2980 | 6542 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | | u PL HŠ u ZK fiz. Osoba |
| 50 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 2981 | 3065 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | | u PL HŠ u ZK fiz. Osobe |
| 51 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3000 | 18350 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 52 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3001 | 433312 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 53 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3015 | 293508 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 54 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3016 | 100900 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 55 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3017 | 213276 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 56 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3017 | 213277 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 57 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3018 | 326226 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. | |
| 58 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3023/4 | 8056 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | PRIVREMENO KORIŠTENJE POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 14.09.2021. | |
| 59 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3250 | 1849 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | | |
| 60 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3342 | 5600 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | | |
| 61 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3372 | 1641 | OSTALO | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 62 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3389 | 410 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 63 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3393 | 1584 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 64 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3398 | 78 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 65 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3417/1 | 1555 | LIVADA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 66 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3418 | 242 | LIVADA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 67 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3420 | 841 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 68 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3449 | 665 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 69 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3451 | 1589 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 70 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3476 | 328 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 71 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3558 | 1092 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 72 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3615 | 184 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 73 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3622 | 656 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 74 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3626 | 810 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | | | | SUVLASNIŠTVO 1/2 |
| 75 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3658/1 | 254 | LIVADA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 76 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3848 | 206 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 77 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3850 | 337 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | | |
| 78 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3865 | 39 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 79 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3866 | 51 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 80 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3867 | 323 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
| 81 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 3895 | 433 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | Obraslo | | | |
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
XX MEĐIMURSKA
XX MEĐIMURSKA
XX MEĐIMURSKA
XX MEĐIMURSKA
XX MEĐIMURSKA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
KOTORIBA
303160
303160
303160
303160
303160
3923
3929
3998
4219
4264
1396
1938
688
176
2250
LIVADA
LIVADA
LIVADA
ORANICA
PAŠNJAK
PRODAJA
PRODAJA
PRODAJA
PRODAJA
PRODAJA
| 88. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4264 | 828 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 89 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4267 | 3782 | PAŠNJAK | PRODAJA | | | |
| 90 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4419 | 5681 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK stanje; obraslo | | |
| 91 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4419 | 1165 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | | | |
| 92 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4503 | 40133 | TRSTIK | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK | | |
| 93 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4577/1 | 162874 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 94 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4577/3 | 184190 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 95 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4577/5 | 22828 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 96 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4577/6 | 118164 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 97 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4606 | 834 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 98 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4671 | 134279 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 99 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4675 | 108037 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 100 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4676 | 63304 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 101 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4677 | 81625 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 102 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4678 | 91686 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 103 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4679 | 74545 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 104 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4680 | 51189 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 105 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4681 | 49402 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 106 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4682 | 69382 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 107 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4683 | 192071 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 108 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4684 | 166475 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 109 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4685 | 109395 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 110 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4686 | 87027 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 111 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4687 | 64763 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 112 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4688 | 37299 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 113 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4690 | 69095 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 114 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4691 | 69315 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 115 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4692 | 69355 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 116 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4693 | 69284 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 117 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4694 | 69144 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | DUGOGODIŠNJI ZAKUP POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 16.05.2061. |
| 118 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4696 | 485 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK; P1 | | |
| 119 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4696 | 484 | PAŠNJAK | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK; P1 | | |
| 120 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4737 | 2304 | PAŠNJAK | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK; P1 | | |
| 121 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4744/1 | 54982 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 122 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4744/2 | 1434 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 123 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4811 | 31270 | PAŠNJAK | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 124 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4828 | 2158 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 125 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 4953 | 13596 | PAŠNJAK | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 126 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5161 | 681 | LIVADA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 127 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5162 | 968 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | PRIVREMENO KORIŠTENJE POLJOPRIVREDNOG ZEMLJIŠTA U VLASNIŠTVU RH | 14.09.2021. |
| 128 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5169 | 343 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 129 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5184 | 246 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 130 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5214 | 218 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 131 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5234 | 1051 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK; P1 | | |
| 132 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5244 | 701 | ŠUMA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK; P1 | | |
| 133 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5244 | 2102 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | Nesređeno ZK; P1 | | |
| 134 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5276 | 356 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 135 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5291 | 1084 | LIVADA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 136 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5436 | 1662 | PAŠNJAK | PRODAJA | Nesređeno Zk; obraslo; P1 | | |
| 137 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5476 | 1830 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 138 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5509 | 749 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 139 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5549/2 | 6440 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 140 | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5577/2 | 4474 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
Obraslo
| 141. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5628 | 75462 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 142. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5669/10 | 350488 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 143. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5669/6 | 48063 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 144. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5669/8 | 238146 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 145. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5673/1 | 76081 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 146. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5674/1 | 114859 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | ZAKUP | 14.02.2032. |
| 147. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5824/1 | 286 | ORANICA | PRODAJA | P1 | | |
| 148. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5873/1 | 5299 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| 149. | XX MEĐIMURSKA | KOTORIBA | KOTORIBA | 303160 | 5873/3 | 8034 | ORANICA | ZAKUP | P1 | | |
| ukupno | | | | | | 5184727 | | | | | | | <urn:uuid:5642e399-b19b-477b-8104-ca50aaa0034e> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/hrv_Latn/train | finepdfs | hrv_Latn | 21,846 |
DNS COMPLIANCE
Fred Baker
Internet Systems Consortium
Background - 2014
ISC was in the process of adding DNS COOKIE (RFC 7873) to BIND and we wanted to see how many servers would mishandle DNS COOKIE options and in which ways as they would be sent with every query unlike other EDNS options that are only occasionally sent.
If we were going to measure how many servers would mishandle DNS COOKIE options we may as well measure how servers mishandle all EDNS extension mechanisms and track that over time.
Initially we used an experimental EDNS option while DNS COOKIE was finalised. This was introduced in BIND 9.10.0 with a configure option to turn on sending the EDNS option on unix based machines and it was on by default in the Windows builds.
When DNS COOKIE was allocated a code point we updated the code to use that in BIND 9.10.3.
DNS COOKIE support is on by default for all builds as of BIND 9.11.0.
We published our results at http://ednscomp.isc.org and wrote a tool to allow anyone to test their own servers at https://ednscomp.isc.org/ednscomp.
We have also been working on a RFC to report on this issue which can be found by searching for draft-ietf-dnsop-no-response-issue.
Testing Method
- A series of queries for the SOA/DNSKEY RR-set at the zone’s apex which tested specific aspects of EDNS behaviour.
- The responses were then examined to see if they matched the expected behaviour of a server that implements EDNS correctly.
We tested both individual extension mechanism and extension mechanisms in combination (e.g. EDNS version 1 with a EDNS option).
This talk doesn't show the combinational response errors.
Type Testing
https://ednscomp.isc.org/compliance/tld-typereport.txt
- @2001:7fd::1 (k.root-servers.net.): all ok
- @22.214.171.124 (l.root-servers.net.): URI=notimp
- @2001:500:9f::42 (l.root-servers.net.): all ok
- @126.96.36.199 (m.root-servers.net.): all ok
- @2001:dc3::35 (m.root-servers.net.): all ok
We also have been testing TLD servers for how they handle allocated and unknown type codes.
This is a small snippet of the report. In this case it shows l.root-servers.net returning NOTIMP to a URI test query.
On the whole TLD servers are well behaved.
Other DNS testing.
https://ednscomp.isc.org/compliance/tld-fullreport.txt
. @2001:503:ba3e::2:30 (a.root-servers.net.): dns=ok aa=ok ad=ok cd=ok ra=ok rd=ok tc=ok zflag=ok opcode=ok opcodeflg=reset type666=ok tcp=ok edns=ok edns1=ok edns@512=ok ednsopt=ok edns1opt=ok do=ok edns1do=ok ednsflags=ok optlist=ok ednsnsid=ok ednscookie=ok ednsexpire=ok ednssubnet=ok edns1nsid=ok edns1cookie=ok edns1expire=ok edns1subnet=ok signed=ok, yes ednstcp=ok
. @188.8.131.52 (b.root-servers.net.): dns=ok aa=ok ad=ok cd=ok ra=ok rd=ok tc=ok zflag=ok opcode=ok opcodeflg=rd, cd type666=ok tcp=ok edns=ok edns1=ok edns@512=ok ednsopt=ok edns1opt=ok do=ok edns1do=ok ednsflags=ok optlist=ok, nsid ednsnsid=ok, nsid ednscookie=ok ednsexpire=ok ednssubnet=ok edns1nsid=ok edns1cookie=ok edns1expire=ok edns1subnet=ok signed=ok, yes ednstcp=ok
We also have been testing servers to see how they respond to having other attributes set in the query.
Some like zflag and opcode because we expect that these will be used at some point in the future and having a understanding of which servers mishandle them will be useful.
Others like AD and CD to determine which servers are currently broken. There are servers that drop queries with these flags set.
Aims of talk
• To show the current state of EDNS compliance
• To show the impact of what will happen when different EDNS extension mechanism are used without taking proactive steps to fix the current issues
When we started we found was that DNSSEC was reasonably well supported but that unknown EDNS options and unknown EDNS flags were not well supported, and that unknown EDNS versions were very poorly supported. This was despite RFC specifying how to handle unknown EDNS options and unknown EDNS versions.
Today the behaviour is better for some of the sample sets and worse for others.
The 5 grouping are the name servers listed in the root zone. The name servers for the Top and Bottom 100 names in the Alexa Top 1 million names. The name servers for .GOV and .AU names in the Alexa Top 1M.
These were chosen to see if there was a difference between either end. .GOV names were chose because US Federal .GOV zones are supposed to be DNSSEC signed. .AU names were chosen because the researcher is Australian.
The blue columns are EDNS version 0 queries with no EDNS options or flags present for the SOA record at the zone's apex.
The gaps here are servers that do not respond to EDNS queries with EDNS responses unless `DO=1` is set in the request or a NSID EDNS option is present in the request.
This is unspecified EDNS behaviour but is mostly benign as most clients no longer issue queries like this and this behaviour has no impact on DNSSEC validation.
EDNS(0) with no extensions over time.
The servers for bottom 1000 of the Alex top 1 million have a high level of content change which results in a noisy measurement.
The step jump in October 2015 was when we started measuring which servers supported NSID, EXPIRE, ECS and DNS COOKIE options. This exposed servers that are EDNS aware but were not answering the existing EDNS compliance tests with a EDNS response.
This slide shows EDNS Version 0 mishandling. All the servers that respond here nominally support EDNS as they gave an EDNS response to one or more of the test queries.
The yellow line shows servers that only respond to EDNS queries if DO=1, NSID or ECS option is present in the query.
The green line shows typical packet losses. Only servers that responded to at least one of the test queries are counted.
The orange columns show DNSKEY query responses to a EDNS query with an EDNS UDP buffer size set to 512 bytes in an attempt to trigger a truncated UDP response from the server.
The response should have a response code of NOERROR and if EDNS is supported include an OPT record. If the zone is signed, there is a high probability that the response will be truncated.
The test reports the mishandling of unsupported/unknown query types, and if the zone is signed, the mishandling of truncated responses. As there is no way to force a truncated response, the levels of misbehaviour are under reported.
Percentage of EDNS aware servers that returned OPT record in truncated EDNS(0) response
- Root and TLD Servers
- Alexa Top 1000 Servers
- Alexa Bottom 1000 Servers
- Alexa .GOV Servers
- Alexa AU Servers
Date: Jun 2015, Jul 2015, Jan 2016, Jul 2016, Jan 2017
Y-axis: Percentage
X-axis: Date
This slide shows how servers mis-generate truncated responses. The error rates will be under reported as the test does not always generate a truncated response.
The yellow line shows the number of responses without a OPT record present. It is about 1% higher than other data sets. This risks resolvers misclassifying a server as not supporting EDNS when it gets back a truncated response. Knowing whether a server supports EDNS or not helps in determining whether a lack of response is due to packet loss or not.
This graph also shows malformed responses (the green line) and NOTIMP responses to the DNSKEY query. All those NOTIMP responses should be NOERROR no-data. The later is a negative response which can be cached.
The yellow columns show EDNS aware servers that do not mishandle DO=1 (DNSSEC) queries.
Percentage of EDNS aware servers that passed EDNS(0) + DO=1 check
- Root and TLD Servers
- Alexa Top 1000 Servers
- Alexa Bottom 1000 Servers
- Alexa .GOV Servers
- Alexa .AU Servers
This is a breakdown of how EDNS DO=1 (DNSSEC) queries are mishandled.
The blue line shows DNSSEC aware servers that do not set DO=1 in the response despite returning RRSIG records which indicate that they theoretically support DNSSEC.
The yellow line is servers which don't return an EDNS response to DO=1 queries despite returning an EDNS response to other types of queries. Usually this is a query with an EDNS NSID option present.
Packet loss is also slightly higher than non DO=1 queries. This will be due to equipment that drops fragmented responses or servers that fail to do PMTUD properly.
The green columns are servers which handle unknown EDNS options correctly. Unknown EDNS options are supposed to be ignored by EDNS aware servers.
Percentage of EDNS aware servers that handle unknown EDNS(0) options correctly
- Root and TLD Servers
- Alexa Top 1000 Servers
- Alexa Bottom 1000 Servers
- Alexa .GOV Servers
- Alexa AU Servers
Date Range: Jun 2015 to Jan 2017
This is a breakdown of how unknown EDNS options are mishandled. This graph is taken from .GOV Alexa top 1 Million servers.
Most of the mishandling is improving with the exception of unknown EDNS options being echoed back to the client.
The three marked lines indicate servers that cause DNS resolution failures with BIND today when validating if they also serve a signed zone.
BIND treats FORMERR and BADVERS responses as an indication that the server does not support EDNS and retries the query using plain DNS which is incompatible with getting a DNSSEC response.
Similarly BIND works around servers that do not respond to EDNS queries by sending plain DNS queries. Again this results in DNSSEC validation failures.
The green marked line indicates servers that incorrectly echo unknown EDNS option. Servers that do this are one of the reasons that EDNS Client Subnet is only supposed to be sent to white listed servers.
The presence of servers like these impact on how future EDNS options are designed.
The blue columns are correct responses to queries with unknown EDNS flags present. These are supposed to be ignored by EDNS servers.
Percentage of EDNS aware servers that handle unknown EDNS(0) flags correctly
- Root and TLD Servers
- Alexa Top 1000 Servers
- Alexa Bottom 1000 Servers
- Alexa .GOV Servers
- Alexa AU Servers
Date: Jun 2015 to Jan 2017
Unknown flags are mishandled in two ways.
The flag is echoed back rather than being ignored by the server, and firewalls block queries with unknown flags.
The echoing back of unknown flags means that you can't trust the presence of the flag in the response to mean anything. AD suffers from this at present.
Blocking queries with an unknown flag will impact on DNSSEC validation as the resolver cannot determine if the query is being blocked because of the flag being present, if it is because the query is an EDNS query or because of packet loss.
The red columns are servers that correctly answered EDNS(1) queries. Queries with unsupported EDNS versions are supposed to be responded to with rcode BADVERS and the version field set to the highest EDNS version supported by the server.
Percentage of EDNS aware servers that passed plain EDNS(1) check
- Root and TLD Servers
- Alexa Top 1000 Servers
- Alexa Bottom 1000 Servers
- Alexa .GOV Servers
- Alexa AU Servers
Date: Jun 2015, Jul 2015, Jan 2016, Jul 2016, Jan 2017
Alexa .GOV Servers EDNS(1) Failure Reasons
- timeout
- noerror, noopt, soa
- noerror
- badversion, soa
- formerr, version-not-zero
- noerror, badversion
- noerror, noopt
- badversion
- servfail, noopt
- noerror, badversion
- version-not-zero
- malformed
The step changes in the blue timeout line and the red no OPT record line show a large DNS hoster turning off the firewall in front of the DNS servers exposing the mishandling of EDNS queries by them. They then enabled IPv6 on those servers which is visible in the four step jumps as each region in turn was on.
These three lines show responses that would result in named being unable to validate secure zones served by these servers successfully if there was ever a reason to send EDNS version 1 queries other than for testing purposes.
Plain DNS responses are incompatible with DNSSEC and are indistinguishable from those sent by servers that don't support EDNS at all.
Timeout and FORMERR will cause the server to retry using plain DNS which is incompatible with DNSSEC.
This purple line represents servers that incorrectly return responses that could be interpreted as NOERROR NODATA unless the EDNS version field and rcode field are sanity checked. The vendor of these servers has been informed of the issue.
The green columns show servers which correctly responded to all EDNS extension mechanisms.
Percentage of EDNS aware servers that passed all EDNS compliance tests
- Root and TLD Servers
- Alexa Top 1000 Servers
- Alexa Bottom 1000 Servers
- Alexa .GOV Servers
- Alexa AU Servers
Date: Jun 2015 to Jan 2017
Fixing Non-compliance
• Fix the DNS server implementations
• Fix firewall implementations
• Have agreed tests for non-compliance
• Introduce policy to say that non-compliant servers are not permitted.
• Introduce the new policy with grace period for existing servers
• Regularly test for compliance and remove delegations with non-complying servers
Fixing Non-compliance
• Fix the DNS server implementations
• Fix firewall implementations
• Have agreed tests for non-compliance
• Introduce policy to say than non-compliant servers are not permitted.
• Introduce the new policy with grace periods for existing servers and initially warnings for new servers
• Regularly test for compliance and remove delegations with non-complying servers
More Information
https://ednscomp.isc.org/
Test your own servers
https://ednscomp.isc.org/ednscomp
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Theatre Cohen 9th Edition
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written by Cohen, issues of theater publications, and a film reel of John M. Whiteley. Guide to the Robert Cohen Papers MS.P.069 MS.P.069 3 Collection Arrangement This collection is arranged into 3 series: Series 1. Production books, 1966-2007 Series 2. Subject files, 1966-2010 Series 3. Textbooks and journals, 1970-2011
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April 17 – July 4. Toronto, Canada. Exhibit at the Osborne collection: "We're All Mad Here": This special exhibit, honouring the Lewis Carroll centenary, was held at the Osborne Collection of Early Children's Books, Toronto Public Library, from April 17 to July 4, 1998.All the gems from the Osborne Collection's substantial Carroll holdings were on display, from letters to an ...
Centenary Events – Lewis Carroll Society of North America
The Art of Theatre : Then and Now 4th. Edition: 4th Published: 2017 Format: Paperback 496 pages Author: William Missouri Downs;
Theatre Books - Print, and eBook : Direct Textbook
Paperback, Ninth Edition, 327 pages Published June 23rd 2010 by McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages (first published January 1st 1983) More Details...
Theatre: Brief Version by Robert Cohen
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Robert Cohen's Theatre Brief, 10th Edition continues to provide an insiders guide to the world of theatre, where students are given a front-row seat. This lively introduction to theatre offers equal measures of appreciation of theatrical arts and descriptions of the collaborative theatrical crafts. Coverage of design, acting, and directing, as well as photo essays, provide a behind-the-scenes ...
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Vorstellung des Themenportals
Glasobjekte im höfischen Kontext. Produktion, Nutzung und Wirkung in der Frühen Neuzeit (1500–1800). Eine Veranstaltung des Forschungsprojekts „Glas in Thüringen 1600 bis 1800" (gefördert durch das BMBF) und des Rudolstädter Arbeitskreises zur Residenzkultur e. V., 21.–23.11.2019 in Schloss Heidecksburg Rudolstadt (Susanne Evers: „‚Glas Cammer' und ‚Gläser Spinde'. Fürstliche Glassammlungen und ihre Präsentation in den brandenburgisch-preußischen Schlössern 1670 bis 1740"; Verena Wasmuth: „Champagnerflöten am preußischen Hof. Tafelkultur und Luxusgläser im 18. Jahrhundert")
Herbstsitzung des Fachausschusses V „Glasgeschichte und Glasgestaltung" der Deutschen Glastechnischen Gesellschaft e. V. (DGG), 20.–22.09.2019 im Schlesischen Museum zu Görlitz (Uta Kaiser, Verena Wasmuth: „Von Barockblumen und Früchtekindern. Verbindungen im Glas aus Brandenburg und Schlesien im 17. und 18. Jahrhundert auf www.museum-digital.de")
Informationstag Brandenburg.digital. Kooperationen, 11.09.2019, Fachhochschule Potsdam (Susanne Evers, Uta Kaiser, Verena Wasmuth: „Brandenburgisches Glas")
Beiträge über das Themenportal
Eine Bild- und Forschungsdatenbank zum brandenburgischen Glas, in: Der Glasfreund. Zeitschrift für altes und neues Glas, 23. Jg., Nr. 67, Mai 2018, S. 19
Internet-Portal zu Gläsern aus der Mark, in: Märkische Allgemeine Zeitung, 18.12.2018
Preußische Schlösserstiftung startet Online-Portal über Glaskunst, in: Tagesspiegel, 18.12.2019
Stiftung will Glasgeschichte erforschen. Gemeinsames Onlineportal mit Potsdam Museum, in: Potsdamer Neueste Nachrichten, 18.12.2018
Evers, Susanne/ Kaiser, Uta/ Wasmuth, Verena: Themenportal „Brandenburgisches Glas. Produktionsvielfalt vom 16. bis zum 18. Jahrhundert, publiziert am 05.06.2019, in: museum-digital:blog, Link: https://bit.ly/2PtgPVb (16.12.2019)
Evers, Susanne/ Kaiser, Uta/ Wasmuth, Verena: Zerbrechliche Kostbarkeiten. Themenportal „Brandenburgisches Glas" ist online, SPSG, publiziert am 28.12.2018, in: Pressglas-Korrespondenz, 20181/65, Link: https://www.pressglas-korrespondenz.de/aktuelles/artikel-2018.htm (16.12.2019)
Wasmuth, Verena: Glasgewerbe, publiziert am 06.11.2019, in: Historisches Lexikon Brandenburgs, URL: http://www.brandenburgikon.de (16.12.2019)
Themenportal: https://bit.ly/2ti5bDH
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Domoljubni radio
Portal domoljubnog radija
I dalje bez novooboljelih
Antun Brađašević · Saturday, May 16th, 2020
BRODSKO-POSAVSKA ŽUPANIJA BEZ NOVOOBOLJELIH OSOBA PRIOPĆENJE ZA JAVNOST STOŽERA CZ BRODSKO-POSAVSKE ŽUPANIJE
(16.05.2020.)
U posljednja 24 sata na području Brodsko-posavske županije nema novooboljelih osoba od COVID-19. Nalazi svih 87 testiranih osoba bili su negativni, ali tijekom dana očekuju se još rezultati dijela briseva uzetih tijekom jučerašnjeg dana. Ukupan broj oboljelih osoba na području Brodsko-posavske županije i dalje iznosi 32, ozdravilo je 15 osoba, a uz 1 ranije preminulu osobu, još je 16 aktivnih oboljelih osoba. Tijekom vikenda pojačani su nadzori od strane lokalnih stožera civilne zaštite u cilju kontrole provođenja mjera za pokretanje gospodarskih aktivnosti, u posljednja 24 sata izvršeno je 945 kontrola, a za 11 utvrđenih nepravilnosti izdana su upozorenja radi otklanjanja istih.
NAČELNIK STOŽERA CIVILNE ZAŠTITE BRODSKO-POSAVSKE ŽUPANIJE Stjepan Bošnjaković, dipl. ing.
This entry was posted on Saturday, May 16th, 2020 at 10:59 am and is filed under Aktualno, Grad i okolica You can follow any responses to this entry through the Comments (RSS) feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site.
Domoljubni radio
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Guía de Trabajo: Números Racionales
Descripción: Esta guía de trabajo tiene 25 preguntas, cada una con 5 opciones señaladas con las letras A, B, C, D y E, de las cuales una sola es la respuesta correcta. Resuelva el ejercicio indicando su desarrollo y posteriormente seleccione la opción que considera correcta. Al finalizar contraste su trabajo con las Claves de las preguntas.
5. Si 𝒏 es un numero entero negativo distinto de – 1, ¿Cuál de las siguientes fracciones es la menor?
6. En un triángulo rectángulo isósceles, ambos ángulos interiores agudos disminuyen en un tercio su medida. Entonces la medida del tercer ángulo interior del triángulo resultante debe:
11. En un grupo de personas, 1 5 de ellas no tienen hijos, un tercio tiene mellizos y las 35 personas restantes tienen solo un hijo. ¿Cuántas personas forman el grupo?
12. En un curso, un día faltaron a clases 2 9 de los estudiantes. Si ese día asistieron 35 estudiantes, ¿Cuántos alumnos componen el curso?
| 2 13. ¿Qué precio tiene una mercadería si los de 3 2 los de ella equivalen a $5.600? 5 A. $15.000 B. $18.000 C. $21.000 D. $28.000 E. $42.000 | 3 14. Se tienen 13 botellas de L, de las cuales 7 4 están llenas y 6 a la mitad. ¿Cuántas botellas de 1 L se necesitan para envasar la misma cantidad 2 de litros? A. 9 botellas. B. 12 botellas. C. 14 botellas. D. 15 botellas. E. 18 botellas. |
|---|---|
| 1 15. Una persona compró cuatro séptimos de 3 2 docenas de naranjas. ¿Cuántas naranjas compró? A. 2 docenas de naranjas. 1 B. 1 docenas de naranjas. 4 1 . C. 1 docenas de naranjas. 2 D. 1 docena de naranjas. E. 16 naranjas. | 16. Si a cuatro enteros dos quintos se le suma el producto de cuatro sextos por tres medios, se obtiene: 15 A. 1 17 3 B. 4 5 4 C. 4 5 2 D. 5 5 3 E. 5 5 |
𝑥= 17. Si
78
1 2 3 3
132
76
110
13
22
; 𝑦=; 𝑧= , ¿Qué alternativa 18. Los números racionales , , , ordenados
| 3 19. ¿Cuántos paquetes de kg de azúcar se 4 pueden formar con 4 sacos de 30 kg cada uno? A. 90 paquetes. B. 120 paquetes. C. 160 paquetes. D. 180 paquetes. E. 210 paquetes. | 20. ¿Cuál es la expresión truncada a la décima del número 94,177? A. 94 B. 94.1 C. 94.2 D. 94.17 E. 94.18 |
|---|---|
| 1 2 3+ 4− 21. 3: 3 es igual a: 2 2 2− 2+ 3 3 25 A. 8 5 B. 4 1 C. 2 5 D. 2 E. 2 | 22. ¿Cuánto es la tercera parte del inverso multiplicativo del número 5? 1 A. 5 1 B. 8 3 C. 5 1 D. 15 5 E. 3 |
2 3 4 5
23. Si 𝑥= 2 5 y 𝑧= 5 8 , entonces, de las siguientes expresiones, ¿Cuál(es) resulta(n) un número entero?
$$I. (𝑥−𝑧)(𝑥+ 𝑧) II. 4𝑥𝑧 III. 25𝑥 16𝑧$$
A. Solo I
B. Solo II
. C. Solo III
D. Solo II y III
E. Solo I y II
24. Un basquetbolista practica lanzamientos convierte 𝒎 y falla 𝒏. ¿Qué fracción del total de lanzamientos falla?
A.
𝑚
𝑛
B.
𝑛
𝑚
. C.
𝑛
𝑛+𝑚
D.
𝑚
𝑚+𝑛
E.
𝑛 𝑛⋅𝑚
25. El resultado de 3 5 − 3 4 5 4 + 4 5 es:
A. −
3
41
B. −
123
400
C.
3
20
D. 0
E. −
3
20
CLAVES
| 1. C | 2. E | 3. A | 4. D | 5. A | 6. B | 7. D | 8. C | 9. A |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11. D | 12. D | 13. C | 14. D | 15. A | 16. D | 17. C | 18. C | 19. C |
| 21. E | 22. D | 23. D | 24. C | 25. A | | | | | | <urn:uuid:ba2ef035-d1c5-4c03-8b2a-f000cb6d7bb6> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train | finepdfs | spa_Latn | 3,112 |
## Benchrest Team Div 2 RD10
| Teams | Score | X Bulls | PTS | Total Pts | Total Scores | Total X Bulls |
|----------------|-------|---------|-----|-----------|--------------|---------------|
| Havant C | 393 | 12 | 4 | 39 | 3911 | 81 |
| Ports Railway B| 389 | 5 | 3 | 24 | 3845 | 63 |
| Bournemouth A | 372 | 1 | 2 | 20 | 3804 | 39 |
| Chichester A | 286 | 3 | 1 | 17 | 3692 | 30 |
### Ports Railway B
| Name | Score | X Bulls |
|----------------|-------|---------|
| A Barnes sub | 97 | 1 |
| J Stockham | 98 | 2 |
| I Marshall | 96 | 2 |
| A Robinson | 98 | 0 |
| **Total** | 389 | 5 |
### Bournemouth A
| Name | Score | X Bulls |
|---------------|-------|---------|
| T Watson | 96 | 0 |
| C Hutton | 95 | 0 |
| W Temple | 88 | 0 |
| J Peters | 93 | 1 |
| **Total** | 372 | 1 |
### Chichester A
| Name | Score | X Bulls |
|------------------|-------|---------|
| W Williamson | 95 | 1 |
| A Christofi | 98 | 1 |
| C Hedgecock | 93 | 1 |
| G Hawker | 0 | 0 |
| **Total** | 286 | 3 |
### Havant C
| Name | Score | X Bulls |
|-----------------------|-------|---------|
| T Rutherford-James | 99 | 3 |
| Z Law | 97 | 2 |
| R Grudnik | 100 | 5 |
| J Spence | 97 | 2 |
| **Total** | 393 | 12 | | <urn:uuid:bbe2b9fc-13b0-47c9-8c59-d55d2b29d9c9> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 1,713 |
The Rooftop Beekeeper A Scrappy Guide To Keeping Urban Honeybees
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Form I: OSU School of Applied Health and Educational Psychology
Student Handbook Verification
All students in the Counseling Psychology program are expected to familiarize themselves with the contents of their program handbook and to ask their advisors and/or other program faculty about any issues that are unclear to them. This form is used to provide verification to the program that our students have (a) received the appropriate handbook, (b) have familiarized themselves with it and with the program and policies it covers, and (c) have been advised and encouraged to consult with their advisors and /or other program faculty for clarification on program policies and related issues.
My signature below indicates that I have received and read the student handbook for my graduate program, have asked questions about any issues that are unclear to me, and know that I may ask additional questions as they may arise.
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I give the OSU CPSY program/ Training Director permission to send my annual evaluations electronically. By giving my signature below I am indicating my consent.
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The Role of a Governor at Airedale NHS Foundation Trust
Welcome to Airedale NHS
Thank you for taking the time to find out about being a Governor of Airedale NHS Foundation Trust. This guide has been produced to provide you with further information about the role and the work of the Trust.
If you've any questions which aren't answered in this booklet, please contact the Membership office:
Email: firstname.lastname@example.org
Telephone: 01535 294540
About Airedale NHS Foundation Trust
Airedale NHS Foundation Trust is an award winning NHS hospital and community services trust. It provides high quality, personalised, acute, elective, specialist and community care for a population of over 200,000 people from a widespread area covering 700 square miles within Yorkshire and Lancashire – stretching as far as the Yorkshire Dales and the National Park in North Yorkshire, reaching areas of North Bradford and Guiseley in West Yorkshire and extending into Colne and Pendle in the East of Lancashire.
The Board of Directors
The Trust is run by a Board of Directors which makes decisions about the Trust's strategies and plans.
Governors do not have a role in running the Trust but they do inform the Board's decisionmaking by telling Board members what local people think about the Trust's services and plans.
Governors
There are three different types of Governors:
1. Public Governors: elected by our Public members and required to represent the views of local people;
2. Staff Governors: employed by the Trust, elected by our staff and required to represent the views of staff working at the Trust; and
3. Appointed Governors: a selection of key partners who nominate someone from their organisation to attend Council of Governor meetings.
Governor Role:
Time Commitment
The amount of time spent on Governor related activities will vary from one Governor to another depending on their personal circumstances. The table below details the activities Governors undertake most often. Governors are also invited to take part in other ad hoc activities and events taking place at the Trust but are not required to do so.
Being a Governor – the benefits
As a Governor, you will:
- Meet new people including members, the public and senior people at the Trust
- Enhance your CV by writing about the sort of activities undertaken
- Increase your knowledge about NHS services and health and wellbeing matters
- Learn new skills
- Help to make your local hospital better by providing feedback from local people about the Trust's services.
Do Governors get paid?
The role of a Governor is voluntary. Whilst Governors don't get paid, they can claim for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred whilst undertaking Governor related activities (such as bus and train fares).
Support available to Governors
The Membership office provides information and administrative support for Governors. This includes booking venues for Governor meetings and distributing Governor meeting papers.
Restrictions on becoming a Governor
You cannot be elected or continue as a Governor if you:
X Are under 16
X Are not a member of the Trust
X Have been made bankrupt and this has not been discharged
X Are a Director of the Trust, or a Governor or Director of another NHS body
X
Have been subject to a sex offender order
X Have, within the last two years, been dismissed (other than through redundancy) from any paid employment with an NHS body
X Have, within the last five years, been convicted of any offence which has resulted in a sentence of imprisonment (whether suspended or not) of more than three months.
Further stipulations and information are contained in the Trust's constitution which is available from the Membership office.
Applying to Become a Governor:
Step 1:
Keep an eye on the Trust's website to find out when the elections are due to occur as you can only stand for the role of a Governor during the election process.
Step 2:
Ensure you are a member of the Trust as you must be a member to stand for election.
Please note:
- Membership is free
- If you're a member of staff, you don't need to complete a membership form as you will already be a member of the Trust.
- If you're not a member already, don't worry. Please complete our online membership form which is available on our website at http://www.airedale-trust.nhs.uk/about-us/membership If you don't have access to the internet, please contact the Membership office on 01535 294815 to request a paper copy.
- Members don't need to have any qualifications or experience to become a Governor – the Trust will provide training and support as required.
Step 3: Please complete and return your nomination form
Please note:
- The nomination form will be posted to all members when the elections start.
- If you haven't received a nomination form because you weren't a member when these were mailed out, then please contact the Membership office to find out what you need to do in order to nominate yourself. | <urn:uuid:451523ca-ba7c-42b8-a5da-8a28b5b847ee> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 4,994 |
RÉSUMÉ :
Les avancées des recherches cytogénétiques et moléculaires concernant le syndrome de Turner et l’accumulation de données en neuro-imagerie permettent d’analyser de façon plus fine l’influence du chromosome X et du manque d’hormones ovariennes sur l’organisation cérébrale et en particulier la maturation des bases neurales du langage.
La présente étude de cas d’une pré-adolescente âgée de 12 ans 7 mois atteinte d’un Syndrome de Turner de forme mosaïque a pour objectif 1) de discuter, par le biais d’une exploration neuropsychologique approfondie, l’idée communément admise d’une dissociation plus ou moins complète des fonctions langagières et visuo-spatiales dans ce syndrome et 2) de spécifier le statut (primaire ou secondaire) des éventuelles défauts langagières observés en regard du dysfonctionnement affectant notamment les fonctions visuo-spatiales, sensori-motrices et exécutives.
Les données obtenues mettent en évidence des difficultés dans les aspects formels du langage et le lexique orthographique. L’analyse des résultats plaide en faveur de l’hypothèse d’un déficit secondaire et non primaire, qui pourrait résulter à la fois du dysfonctionnement visuo-spatial et sensori-moteur et de l’instabilité des fonctions exécutives.
MOTS CLÉS :
Neuropsychologie - Syndrome de Turner - Maladie génétique - Développement - Langage - Fonctions visuo-spatiales, sensori-motrices et exécutives.
ALTÉRATION SECONDAIRE DE CERTAINES CAPACITÉS LANGAGIÈRES DANS UN CAS DE SYNDROME DE TURNER
par Patricia DUBOIS-MURAT, Brigitte BERGER, Monique PLAZA
SUMMARY : Secondary impairment of particular language skills in a case of Turner Syndrome
The refinement of the molecular/ and cytogenetic studies in TS and the accumulating anatomical and functional neuroimaging data which have evidenced cerebral volumetric, microstructural and activation modifications suggest that TS could provide the opportunity to clarify the influence of the X chromosome and the lack of gonadal hormones exposition on brain organization and processing and particularly on the maturation of the neural bases of Language.
The present study of a 12-year-7 month-old girl with mosaic Turner syndrome was initiated with two objectives: 1) to explore, using extensive neuropsychological examination, the supposed complete dissociation of efficient verbal abilities versus impaired visual-spatial processing and other cognitive skills in this disorder and 2) to determine whether the eventual observed linguistic impairment should be considered as correlates or consequences of the other dysfunctions. We did observe language difficulties and our data favor the hypothesis of a secondary, not primary impairment. The failure evidenced in some formal linguistic aspects and in orthographic lexicon could result from the primary visual-spatial, sensori-motor and executive dysfunctions.
KEY WORDS :
Neuropsychology - Turner Syndrome - Genetics - Development - Language - Visual-spatial, sensory-motor and executive processing.
INTRODUCTION
Le Syndrome de Turner (ST) qui fait partie des pathologies associées à des anomalies des chromosomes sexuels, découle d'une perte totale ou partielle de l'un des chromosomes X chez un sujet de phénotype féminin. Sa fréquence est de 1/2000 à 2500 nouveaux nés de sexe féminin. Trois cas de figure principaux sont répertoriés :
(a) une forme 45, X observée dans 53 % des cas (un chromosome X est totalement absent),
(b) une forme 46, X, i, (Xq) observée dans 10 % des cas, où l'un des chromosomes X est remanié [délétion partielle par perte du bras court remplacé par une duplication du bras long],
(c) des formes dites « mosaïques » observées dans 25 % des cas (coexistence de cellules haplo X (45, X) avec des cellules normales 46, XX ou avec des cellules à chromosome remanié*. Dans l'anomalie 45, X, qui est prédominante, la fréquence de troubles d'ordre médical, cognitif ou comportemental est plus grande que chez les enfants « mosaïques », dont le phénotype présente une grande variabilité, et dont les caractéristiques neurocognitives apparaissent plus hétérogènes*.
Trois composantes cognitives sont altérées dans le ST : les fonctions visuo-spatiales, les capacités numériques, les fonctions exécutives et la mémoire de travail*, auxquelles s'associent parfois des troubles d'ordre psychosocial. A ces dysfonctionnements, est censée s'opposer l'intégrité plus ou moins complète des fonctions langagières. En effet, la discordance constatée chez les ST à l'échelle du WISC entre le QI verbal (préservé) et le QI performance (altéré) a été interprétée comme reflétant une dissociation entre le langage et les capacités visuo-spatiales, supposée recouper une opposition hémisphère droit/hémisphère gauche. Schaffer* avait mis en évidence dans le profil du WISC des ST une différence significative entre un facteur de « compréhension » (épreuves Information, Compréhension, Similitudes et Vocabulaire) bien développé, un facteur d'« organisation spatiale » (épreuves Cubes, Assemblages d'objets) fortement altéré, et un facteur « distractibilité » (épreuves Arithmétique, Code, Empan de chiffres) également altéré.
En fait, le caractère massif du déficit visuo-spatial et l'accent mis sur la dyscalculie dans le ST* ont eu pour conséquence un relatif désintérêt à l'égard des fonctions langagières, que traduit le petit nombre de publications portant sur ce domaine**.
Cependant, compte tenu des nouvelles données acquises en génétique chromosomique et moléculaire dans le ST***, et l'accumulation progressive de données de neuroimagerie anatomiques et fonctionnelles mettant en évidence des modifications tant volumiques que micro-structurales de la substance blanche et grise ainsi que des déficits d'activation*, des études plus approfondies du langage s'avèrent nécessaires. En effet, dans ce contexte, le ST apparaît comme un analyseur privilégié de l'influence du chromosome X et du manque d'hormones ovariennes sur l'organisation architecturale et fonctionnelle du cerveau, et sur la maturation des bases anatomiques impliquées dans l'acquisition et le développement des fonctions langagières.
L'observation que nous rapportons d'une préadolescente âgée de 12 ans 7 mois atteinte de ST répond à deux objectifs principaux.
1) Dans la mesure où tous les registres linguistiques n'ont pas été explorés dans les études publiées à ce jour, nous avons cherché des indicateurs de troubles du langage qui témoigneraient de dissociations au sein des fonctions langagières, telles qu'elles ont été mises en évidence au sein même des fonctions visuo-spatiales et des fonctions exécutives*.
2) Nous avons tenté de répondre à la question du statut qu'il convient d'accorder aux difficultés langagières dans le ST. Sont-elles l'expression d'une même difficulté primaire* à traiter et configurer les aspects globaux de l'information visuelle et verbale, ou sont-elles des conséquences secondaires* du dysfonctionnement visuo-spatial, attentionnel, sensori-moteur ou exécutif ?
*Turner, 1938 ; Ford, 1959 ; Thompson, McInnes, Willard, 1991
*Temple et Carney, 1993
*Buchanan et coll., 1998
*1962
*Braudet et coll., 2004; Molko et coll., 2004
** Temple et Carney, 1996 ; Weber, 1979 ; Temple et coll., 1996; Murphy et coll., 1994 ; Temple, 2002 ; Temple et Carney, 1995 ; Inozemtseva et coll., 2002 ; Hepworth et Rovet, 2000
*** Kesler et coll., 2003
*Good et coll., 2003; Brown et coll., 2004; Kesler et coll., 2004; Molko et coll., 2003, 2004
*Van Hout et Meljac, 2001
*Hepworth et Rovet 2000
*Inozemtseva et coll., 2002, Temple, 2002
MÉTHODE
Le sujet
LM est une jeune fille de 12 ans 7 mois, droitière, de langue maternelle française, présentant un ST avec un caryotype $45,X/46,X,i(x)(q10)$, c'est-à-dire une forme mosaïque, diagnostiquée à l'âge de 5 ans. Elle est scolarisée en Suisse dans une école publique en 6ème. LM a été rencontrée dans le cadre d'une activité privée de remédiation pour enfants en difficulté scolaire. Sa mère et elle ont accepté de participer à cette étude.
LM, issue d'un milieu familial de niveau socioculturel élevé, est la deuxième enfant d'une fratrie de quatre sœurs (âgées respectivement de 14, 7 et 6 ans). La grossesse, menée à terme, et l'accouchement se sont déroulés sans complication. Le développement dans la petite enfance a été normal. On ne signale aucun antécédent familial de nature neurogénétique. En raison de troubles articulo-phonatoires persistants à l'âge de 4 ans et d'une lenteur dans les apprentissages élémentaires, évidents lors de la première scolarisation (jeux de balle et de construction, apprentissage du vélo, activités graphomotrices), la mère suspecte une anomalie. Le caryotype anormal est détecté à l'occasion d'une consultation en pédiatrie à l'HUG de Genève. LM est suivie dès lors tous les six mois par un pédiatre, spécialiste en endocrinologie. Un bilan psychologique effectué à l'âge de 6 ans ne révèle aucune anomalie du développement cognitif. LM présente un strabisme opéré à 5 ans, actuellement corrigé par des lunettes, qui devrait être résorbé vers l'âge de 16 ans. Des otites à répétition durant la petite enfance ont motivé la pose de drains trans-tympaniques. La mère signale que sa fille est peu sensible à la douleur ; une otite ou une sinusite peuvent passer inaperçues.
LM a été admise tardivement en scolarité primaire (7 ans). Du fait de difficultés d'apprentissage du langage écrit, elle a redoublé le CE1, au terme duquel elle a acquis la lecture. La mère l'a beaucoup épaulée dans ses premiers apprentissages scolaires tout en privilégiant l'autonomie et la prise en charge personnelle pour les devoirs à domicile. Actuellement, LM suit tant bien que mal le programme scolaire. Elle n'aime pas lire, l'écriture la fatigue beaucoup. Elle travaille énormément et obtient peu de résultats, ce qui conduit à des frustrations.
Suite à une évaluation neuropsychologique, effectuée en janvier 2003 en milieu hospitalier, un soutien spécifique a été préconisé en raison de troubles des fonctions visuo-spatiales retentissant sur le langage écrit (« dysorthographie à prédominance phonologique »), et d'une « tendance à la dyscalculie ». En revanche, sa mère l'ayant poussée à être autonome dans ses déplacements en ville et à prendre les transports en commun, elle s'oriente sans difficulté alors qu'auparavant elle se perdait facilement. LM a deux bonnes camarades de classe. Dans ses loisirs, elle aime promener son chien et se rend volontiers seule à la piscine. Elle fait de la danse et du théâtre.
PROCÉDURE
La procédure d'évaluation neuropsychologique a été fondée sur : le WISC-III*, la NEPSY*, la CMS**, le WSCT***, le Test de Stroop****. Nous avons en outre utilisé une épreuve expérimentale de mémoire de travail auditivo-verbale et cinq épreuves expérimentales de dénomination rapide.
L'évaluation du domaine langagier a reposé sur l'ECOSSE*, Le Bilan de Lecture Informatisé*, l'épreuve de l'Alouette**, la L2MA***, la BELEC****, ainsi que des sub-tests du Stroop, du WISC III et de la NEPSY.
Pour des raisons de disponibilité et de fatigabilité de LM, les différentes évaluations ont été espacées dans le temps (période de cinq mois). La passation du WISC-III s'est faite sur deux séances à une semaine d'intervalle. La passation complète de la NEPSY
(subtests de base et complémentaires) s'est déroulée sur trois séances dans un intervalle de quatre semaines. La CMS a été réalisée en une seule séance, à laquelle a été ajoutée la passation du BLI. Les autres épreuves ont été réalisées de façon disparate selon la disponibilité de LM, qui s'est bien impliquée dans les différentes tâches.
**RÉSULTATS**
**A. PROFIL COGNITIF GLOBAL**
**Tableau 1 : Domaines cognitifs globaux**
| Domaine | Test | Coefficient standard | Commentaires |
|-------------------------------|----------|----------------------|--------------|
| QI Verbal | WISC III | 103 | Moyen |
| QI Performance | WISC III | 80 | Faible |
| Compréhension verbale | WISC III | 109 | Moyen |
| Organisation perceptive | WISC III | 78 | Déficitaire *|
| Vitesse de traitement | WISC III | 100 | Moyen |
| Fonctions sensorimotrices | NEPSY | 77 | Déficitaire *|
| Langage | NEPSY | 85 | Faible |
| Processus visuo-spatiaux | NEPSY | 88 | Faible |
| Fonctions exécutives | NEPSY | 90 | Moyen |
| Apprentissage et mémoire | NEPSY | 107 | Moyen |
| Mémoire visuelle immédiate | CMS | 96 | Moyen |
| Mémoire verbale immédiate | CMS | 139 | Très supérieur |
| Mémoire visuelle différée | CMS | 78 | Déficitaire *|
| Mémoire verbale différée | CMS | 125 | Très supérieur |
| Attention et concentration | CMS | 67 | Très déficitaire **|
Le WISC-III indique une différence significative (23 points d'écart) entre le QIV et le QIP, en faveur du premier. L'indice de compréhension verbale est supérieur à l'indice
d'organisation perceptive. Les ressources attentionnelles sont moyennes.
Les résultats globaux obtenus dans les domaines de base de la NEPSY montrent des déficits dans les fonctions sensori-motrices, le langage, les processus visuo-spatiaux, les fonctions exécutives. Parmi les domaines explorés, seul celui des processus mnésiques et d'apprentissage correspond à l'âge de LM.
L'évaluation de la mémoire par la CMS permet de constater une dissociation nette entre les processus mnésiques visuels (immédiats et différés) et verbaux (immédiats et différés). L'analyse entre les paires d'indices met en évidence une différence significative entre la mémoire visuelle immédiate et la mémoire verbale immédiate (en faveur de la seconde); entre la mémoire visuelle différée et la mémoire verbale différée (en faveur de la seconde). En outre, l'indice d'attention et de concentration est très déficitaire.
D'une façon générale, il ressort donc une lenteur d'exécution pour tout ce qui relève du domaine visuo-spatial et praxique (construction et orientation), et une limitation de la mémoire de travail.
B. FONCTIONS LANGAGIÈRES
1. Langage oral
Tableau 2 : Fonctions langagières
| Epreuves | Tests | Notes standard | Commentaires |
|---------------------------------|---------|----------------|--------------|
| Information | WISC III| 9 | Moyen |
| Similitudes | WISC III| 11 | Moyen |
| Vocabulaire | WISC III| 13 | Supérieur |
| Compréhension | WISC III| 13 | Supérieur |
| Processus phonologiques | NEPSY | 7 | Déficitaire *|
| Dénomination rapide | NEPSY | 8 | Faible |
| Dénomination de couleurs | STROOP | -0.76 é.t. | Moyen faible |
| Compréhension de consignes | NEPSY | 8 | Faible |
| Répétition de pseudo-mots | NEPSY | 8 | Faible |
| Fluence verbale | NEPSY | 6 | Déficitaire *|
| Compréhension morphosyntaxique : score | ECOSSE | +0.08 é.t. | Moyenne |
L'analyse intra-échelle des subtests verbaux du WISC met en évidence des points forts pour Vocabulaire et Compréhension: le vocabulaire est étayé, la récupération en mémoire verbale aisée et la compréhension des réalités sociales efficiente.
L'analyse des capacités langagières à la NEPSY montre des difficultés de manipulation phonologique: LM fait souvent répéter les items, et elle traite difficilement les changements phonémiques portant sur des groupes consonantiques à l'intérieur des mots. Elle dit ne pas « voir » les mots dans sa tête et travailler uniquement de façon auditive (elle recourt donc à la boucle articulatoire). L'épreuve de Dénomination rapide est laborieuse: LM scande les mots (concernant la taille, la forme et la couleur de chaque item) et accompagne le traitement de la tâche de syncinésies de la tête, ce qui dénote un contrôle volontaire de la récupération en mémoire et de la production. Lors de l'épreuve de Compréhension de consignes, LM est en légère difficulté avec certains concepts spatiaux et elle commet des erreurs liées à la complexité syntaxique croissante des phrases. L'épreuve de Répétition de pseudo-mots met LM en légère difficulté. En Fluence verbale, LM parvient à générer des mots avec une contrainte sémantique, mais la production sous contrainte phonémique met en évidence une difficulté de stratégie de recherche des mots.
En ce qui concerne la dénomination, on observe une légère lenteur pour les couleurs du *Stroop*. Lors des épreuves expérimentales de dénomination rapide de type « RAN »* concernant la dénomination de dessins, de chiffres, de lettres, de couleurs et des quatre critères alternés, LM est efficace : quatre des épreuves sont dans la norme en vitesse et en précision, mais l’on observe une légère lenteur en lecture des lettres. En condition de dénomination alternée, dans laquelle les quatre critères sont mélangés (situation la plus coûteuse d’un point de vue exécutif), la prestation est légèrement supérieure à la moyenne.
Les résultats de l’épreuve de compréhension morphosyntaxique *ECOSSE* sont dans la norme. L’analyse des erreurs met cependant en relief des difficultés dans le traitement des propositions relatives avec « que » et « qui », de la co-référence ambiguë du pronom, des adjectifs ordinaux spécifiés ou non et des relatives complexes (circonstancielles). En comparant les items échoués par LM au pourcentage d’erreurs de la population de référence, on peut constater qu’elle a une réelle difficulté à traiter certaines structures syntaxiques.
*Le langage oral de LM présente donc certaines défautances. Au plan phonologique, la manipulation de phonèmes est difficile, la répétition de pseudo-mots un peu ardue, la fluence verbale phonémique déficitaire. Le traitement intermodal visuo-verbal, aisé pour la dénomination univoque d’un stimulus visuel, est légèrement ralenti pour les lettres et très ralenti en situation de dénomination complexe (forme, couleur, taille) de figures géométriques. La compréhension de phrases et de consignes bute sur certaines structures syntaxiques généralement bien traitées par les enfants de l’âge de LM.*
2. Langage écrit
2.1. Mécanismes d’identification des mots
**Tableau 3 : Lecture de mots**
| Epreuves | Test | Résultats | Commentaire |
|---------------------------------|------|--------------------|-------------|
| Lecture une minute : | BLI | | |
| Mots corrects | | 85 mots/ +0.56 é.t.| Moyen |
| Identification de mots : Score | BLI | 82 mots / +0.42 é.t.| Moyen |
| Temps | | -2.8. | Déficitaire * |
| Lecture des items corrects : | BLI | | |
| Score | | 29 mots /-0.05 é.t.| Moyen |
| Temps | | -1.17 | Faible |
| Pseudo-synonymes : | BLI | | |
| Score | | 16 mots/ +0.26 é.t.| Moyen |
| Temps | | -4.5 é.t. | Très déficitaire ** |
| Pseudo-logatomes : | BLI | | |
| Score | | 19 mots/ -0.17 é.t.| Moyen |
| Temps | | -1.9 é.t. | Déficitaire * |
| Pseudo-homophones : | BLI | | |
| Score | | 18 mots/ +0.71 é.t.| Moyen |
| Temps | | (-3.95) | Très déficitaire ** |
| Lecture de mots : | STROOP | | |
| Liste 1 | | -1.43 é.t. | Faible |
| Liste 2 | | -1.3 é.t. | Faible |
A l'épreuve de lecture en une minute de la *BLI*, LM obtient un score moyen pour son âge. La performance générale d'identification de mots (IME de la *BLI*) est légèrement supérieure à la moyenne. En revanche, le temps total pour identifier les mots proposés, ou vérifier l'adéquation du mot à l'image proposée, est augmenté. L'analyse des différents types d'items traités met en évidence une lecture efficiente des graphies correctes avec un traitement lent. Le ralentissement est encore plus net pour le traitement de pseudo-synonymes (« casquette » pour « chapeau »), suggérant que l'adéquation mot-image (signifiant-signifié) n'est pas automatique. Le résultat de l'identification de pseudo-logatomes écrits (« falise » pour « valise ») est moyen. La voie d'assemblage est opérante. Toutefois, la vitesse de traitement est déficitaire. Les 6 erreurs observées sur les 80 items traités sont avant tout d'ordre visuel ([q] pour [p], [a] pour [e] et [or] pour [ro]), mais aussi d'ordre phonologique ([ge] pour [gne], [cin] pour [quin] et [ge] pour [gue]). En comparant les réponses correctes et incorrectes de LM à la fréquence des réponses correctes pour ces mêmes items d'une part, et au temps de traitement d'autre part, on remarque que les erreurs de nature visuelle ne sont pas dues à une impulsivité. Au contraire, LM fait des erreurs alors que le temps de traitement est allongé. Elle commet également quelques erreurs pour des items normalement réussis par la majorité : [palle] pour [pelle], [jumalles] pour [jumelles]. Enfin, pour la plupart des réponses correctes données par LM, le traitement est lent : pour juger si le mot [cientiure] est correct, il lui faut 8.51 sec, alors que le temps moyen de traitement pour cet item est de 3.09 sec.
Le traitement d'homophones écrits (« casrol » pour « casserole ») est qualitativement efficient, mais ralenti. On relève des erreurs portant sur les items [champinion] et [cloune], qui sont respectivement réussis par 76 % et 80 % des sujets contrôles. LM hésite longuement avant de décider si le mot est correctement orthographié ; elle dit savoir que ce n'est pas juste, mais ne parvient pas à « voir » le mot correct.
LM lit le texte « *L'alouette* » en 2 min 20. Elle saute une ligne (10 mots). Elle com- met 14 erreurs de lecture de nature visuo-perceptive. Elle a besoin de mettre du sens dans ce qu'elle lit. En fonction du nombre de mots lus en trois minutes et du nombre d'erreurs, LM obtient un niveau de lecture de CE2.
En lecture de mots du *Stroop*, LM est légèrement ralentie.
### 2.2. Compréhension de lecture
**Tableau 4 : Compréhension de lecture**
| Epreuves | Tests | Résultats | Commentaires |
|---------------------------------|---------|--------------------|--------------|
| Compréhension de phrases | *BLI* | | |
| Score | | 21 / +0.93 é.t. | Moyen |
| Temps | | -1.29 é.t. | Faible |
| Compréhension de phrases : score| *ECOSSE*| | Moyen |
| Appariement phrases/images : score | *Les Ours*, *L2MA* | 10/10 | Moyen |
Dans la partie compréhension du *BLI*, qui consiste en un appariement d'une phrase écrite avec une image choisie parmi quatre, la performance qualitative de LM est moyenne, mais le traitement est lent. Paradoxalement, pour les phrases inférentielles les plus complexes, la performance est supérieure mais le temps de réaction est augmenté (-1.67 é.t.).
Pour la passation écrite de l'*ECOSSE*, les erreurs concernent une confusion de personne (« la dame » au lieu de « la fille »), un superlatif d’infériorité (LM retient l’image « la pomme moyenne » pour l’énoncé « la pomme est la moins grande ») et un effacement de relative (LM désigne « la chaussure bleue » pour l’énoncé « le crayon sur la chaussure est bleu »). En référence à une population du même âge, les erreurs de LM sont atypiques.
Dans l’épreuve *Les Ours* de la *L2MA*, LM réalise un classement parfait. Elle réussit également sans difficulté le classement des trois morceaux du récit constituant la *Lecture puzzle* de la *L2MA*. En termes de stratégie, LM explique qu’elle n’a pas lu entièrement les différents paragraphes : elle s’est centrée sur les débuts et les fins pour retrouver la logique du texte complet. La seconde partie de l’épreuve, consistant à choisir la conclusion du texte, est réalisée sans peine et sans hésitation. LM justifie sa réponse par une argumentation correcte (« puisque...alors »).
### 2.3. Transcription
En situation de transcription de mots (épreuve *Ortho3* de la *BELEC* où l’enfant doit compléter des phrases lacunaires, ce qui permet l’analyse de certaines graphies particulières dans des mots), les mécanismes d’orthographe sous-tendus par les règles de correspondance phono-graphémique simple sont bien maîtrisées par LM. En ce qui concerne les règles complexes, on relève deux erreurs portant sur la graphie [gn] et la graphie contextuelle [g]. L’analyse des graphies inconsistantes montre qu’il n’existe pas de différence entre l’application des règles dominantes et minoritaires. On observe un effet de fréquence d’usage du mot pour ces graphies ainsi que pour les graphies dérivables par la morphologie. En revanche, on ne note pas d’effet de fréquence pour les graphies dérivables de mots fréquents (adjectifs) et les graphies non dérivables. Sur le plan lexical, on obtient un score de 24 erreurs sur 70 mots dictés, soit 34 % d’erreurs lexicales.
En situation de dictée d’un texte (« le corbeau » de la *L2MA*), on relève avant tout des erreurs d’usage (-1.3 é.t.), les aspects grammaticaux étant très peu altérés. En situation de transcription spontanée (Récit « les ours » de la *L2MA*), LM ne parvient pas à écrire l’histoire dans le temps imparti de 5 min., bien qu’elle se souvienne de tous les éléments. Sur le plan structural on relève des erreurs atypiques (-1.3 é.t.) concernant le découpage de phrases et la phonétique (pour un mot). LM ne recourt qu’à deux temps de conjugaison (-0.63 é.t.), et elle commet 12 erreurs d’orthographe (16.9 %), portant essentiellement sur la grammaire. En contraste, LM, dont la syntaxe est simple (S-V-CP), emploie un introducteur de complexité («...quand ils...»), un auxiliaire d’aspect («...va chercher...») et un pronom complément («...lui fait...»). Le nombre de mots employés s’inscrit dans la norme, avec une richesse des verbes (+1.11 é.t.).
*Le langage écrit* (que LM a acquis avec une certaine difficulté, au terme du CE1) se caractérise donc par une insuffisante automatisation des mécanismes d’identification des mots, une compréhension de phrases et de textes efficiente mais lente, une transcription un peu incertaine, notamment aux niveaux lexical et morphologique.
C. FONCTIONS MNÉSIQUES
1. Traitement visuel
Tableau 5 : Mémoire visuelle
| Epreuve | Test | Résultats | Commentaire |
|----------------------------------------------|--------|---------------|-------------|
| Mémoire des visages | NEPSY | 13 | Moyen |
| Reconnaissance des visages | CMS | Percentile 75 | Moyen |
| Scènes de famille | CMS | Percentile 75 | Moyen |
| Localisation de points : rappel immédiat | CMS | Percentile 1 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Localisation de points : rappel différé | CMS | Percentile 1 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Localisation d'images | CMS | Percentile 5 | Déficitaire * |
L'analyse des capacités mnésiques visuelles montre une efficience du traitement figuratif. En revanche, LM est en grande difficulté pour localiser visuellement des points : elle mime la position des jetons dans l'espace afin de se les remémorer (médiation kinesthésique). Un élément sur dix est placé correctement. Le rappel immédiat et le rappel différé sont déficitaires. Le taux d'oubli est révélateur : le pourcentage de rétention équivaut à 25 %. LM éprouve également des difficultés lorsqu'il s'agit de mémoriser plus de quatre images dans le plan.
2. Traitement auditif
Tableau 6 : Mémoire auditive
| Epreuves | Tests | Résultats | Commentaire |
|----------------------------------------------|---------|---------------|-------------|
| Répétition de chiffres : ordre direct | CMS | Percentile 5 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Répétition de chiffres : ordre indirect | CMS | Percentile 16 | Déficitaire * |
| Apprentissage d'une liste de mots | NEPSY | 11 | Moyen |
| Mots couplés : Rappel immédiat | CMS | Percentile 91 | Supérieur |
| Rappel différé | | Percentile 95 | Supérieur |
| Répétition de phrases | NEPSY | 9 | Moyenne |
| Mémoire narrative | NEPSY | 8 | Déficitaire * |
| Mémoire narrative | CMS | Percentile 84 | Supérieur |
En répétition de chiffres de la CMS et du WISC III, l'ordre direct est moins bien réussi que l'ordre indirect. L'ensemble de l'épreuve se situe à presque -2 é.t. On relève les mêmes empans (ordre direct = 4 ; ordre indirect = 3). LM explique, pour la répétition des chiffres à l'envers, qu'elle récite mentalement les chiffres qu'elle ne parvient pas à « voir » pour les remettre dans l'ordre.
L'apprentissage auditif d'une liste de mots de la NEPSY et des Mots couplés de la CMS est efficace, et la courbe d'apprentissage légèrement supérieure à la moyenne. Le rappel immédiat et le rappel différé sont excellents. Le taux de rétention est de 100%. La Répétition de phrases de la NEPSY est juste moyenne : la mémoire à court terme marque une légère inflexion en fonction de la longueur de l'énoncé, avec un effet de récence. La Mémoire narrative de la NEPSY apparaît comme un point faible : en présence d'un long texte entendu, LM retient la trame mais oublie certains détails. En contraste, les capacités de restitution immédiate et de restitution différée de deux histoires plus courtes sont bonnes à la CMS. Le pourcentage de rétention (95%) indique que l'encodage, le stockage et la récupération d'informations verbales sont extrêmement bien développés.
La mémoire de travail auditivo-verbale est instable : les épreuves de la CMS faisant intervenir la mémoire de travail (compter de 4 en 4, de 6 en 6 ou associer l'alphabet à la suite numérique) mettent LM en échec. Les résultats de l'épreuve expérimentale de « double tâche »* sont faibles (-1.21 é.t.). Au cours de l'épreuve, qui requiert d'écouter des séries de phrases, de décider si elles sont justes ou fausses, puis de rappeler le premier mot de chaque phrase, LM exprime sa difficulté à retrouver les mots en même temps qu'elle doit écouter les phrases pour juger de leur pertinence.
En revanche, le traitement mnésique intermodal visuel/verbal (Mémoire des prénoms de la NEPSY, qui requiert l'apprentissage de 8 prénoms associés à 8 visages) est fort bien réussi par LM.
Les capacités mnésiques de LM apparaissent donc hétérogènes. Si le traitement auditif est mieux développé que le traitement visuel, on note des dissociations à l'intérieur de chaque domaine. Au plan visuel, le traitement figuratif, porteur de sens, est beaucoup mieux réussi que le traitement géométrique et abstrait. Au plan auditif, le rappel de chiffres est déficitaire, alors que l'apprentissage d'une liste de mots et le rappel de phrases sont plus performants. La mémoire narrative fluctue selon la complexité et la longueur des énoncés. Le traitement mnésique intermodal visuel/verbal est très efficace. D'une manière générale, les capacités d'apprentissage et de rappel différé sont excellentes : LM bénéficie de la répétition pour l'encodage des informations.
D. ATTENTION ET FONCTIONS EXÉCUTIVES
Tableau 7 : Attention et fonctions exécutives
| Epreuves | Tests | Résultats | Commentaire |
|---------------------------------|---------|--------------------|-------------------|
| La Tour | NEPSY | 10 | Moyen |
| Attention visuelle | NEPSY | 10 | Moyen |
| Statue | NEPSY | Percentile 26-75 | Moyen |
| Cogner et frapper | NEPSY | Percentile 26-75 | Moyen |
| Attention auditive | NEPSY | 6 | Déficitaire * |
| Fluidité de dessins | NEPSY | 4 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Classement de cartes | WISCONSIN | 6/6 (Percentile 88) | Supérieur |
| Catégories | | Percentile 79 | Supérieur |
| Nombre d'erreurs | | Percentile 96 | Très supérieur |
| Nombre de persévérations | | | |
| Sensibilité à l'interférence | Stroop | + 0.8 é.t. | Moyen fort |
L'analyse des capacités exécutives et attentionnelles à la NEPSY montre une bonne aptitude de planification et d'élaboration de stratégies pour arriver à un but malgré un temps de réflexion légèrement augmenté, une bonne attention visuelle, une bonne capacité d'inhibition et de contrôle des impulsions motrices, une capacité efficiente d'inhibition des impulsions immédiates par rapport à des stimuli visuels opposés proposés par l'examinateur. En contraste, LM est en difficulté lors des épreuves d'attention auditive car elle manifeste une lenteur de réaction et une difficulté dans l'inhibition de l'action en situation d'interférence. Elle commet trois oubli, donne quatre réponses incorrectes et fait sept fausses alarmes (niveau très inférieur). LM est également en difficulté pour générer des patterns de dessins : elle répète jusqu'à huit fois la même configuration, mais le plus souvent deux fois, trois fois ou encore quatre fois, sans s'en rendre compte.
Lors de l'épreuve de classement de cartes du Wisconsin (WCST) le profil de LM est dans la norme, voire supérieur. 94 items ont été administrés, les 6 catégories ont été réalisées. 10 items ont été nécessaires à LM pour réaliser la première catégorie (couleur), ce qui correspond à la norme supérieure par rapport à sa classe d'âge. Le pourcentage d'erreurs total et d'erreurs de persévération est faible. Au total, on relève seulement deux échecs dans le maintien d'une stratégie. L'analyse des temps de réaction indique cependant une certaine lenteur du traitement. Le temps moyen pour fournir une réponse correcte est de 0.53 sec, ce qui est plutôt long par rapport à son âge (groupe contrôle = 0.40 sec.). Le temps de réponse moyen pour une réponse incorrecte versus une réponse correcte est plus long (0.67 sec), comme attendu. Un feedback positif (pour une réponse correcte non ambiguë ou une réponse correcte ambiguë) entraîne un temps de réponse moyen plus court (0.40 sec, groupe contrôle = 0.32 sec) que pour un feedback négatif (0.98 sec, groupe contrôle = 0.41 sec).
On ne relève aucune sensibilité à l'interférence dans l'épreuve du STROOP. La capacité d'inhibition est performante, certainement en raison d'un traitement de base plutôt lent.
Les capacités attentionnelles et exécutives (planification, inhibition, contrôle, flexibilité) sont donc plutôt efficientes, même si l'on observe souvent une certaine lenteur. Les deux épreuves les plus difficiles pour LM ont été dans la NEPSY (1) celle d'attention auditive, qui nécessite à la fois un traitement auditif (écouter des mots) et un acte visuo-moteur (choisir un carré de couleur et le mettre dans une boîte) et (2) celle de fluidité de dessins, qui requiert la construction de patterns visuo-graphiques dissemblables.
E. FONCTIONS SENSORI-MOTRICES
Tableau 8 : Capacités sensori-motrices
| Epreuves | Tests | Résultats | Commentaire |
|---------------------------------|---------|-----------|-------------------|
| Tapotement des doigts | NEPSY | 7 | Déficitaire * |
| Imitation des positions de mains| NEPSY | 3 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Distinction de doigts | NEPSY | Percentile 3-10 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Précision visuo-motrice | NEPSY | 11 | Moyen |
| Code | WISC III| 10 | Moyen |
| Séquences motrices manuelles | NEPSY | Percentile 75 | Supérieur |
L'analyse des capacités sensori-motrices à la NEPSY montre un ralentissement du tapotement des doigts qui reste sous contrôle volontaire et guidage visuel, avec accompagnement de syncinésies de la tête pour chaque reproduction rythmique de gestes, une difficulté majeure à imiter les positions de mains, avec des confusions de doigts et des syncinésies faciales, une difficulté à reconnaître quels doigts lui sont touchés derrière un écran ; on relève des confusions tactiles (entre index et majeur, annulaire et majeur, auriculaire et annulaire, pouce et index) et une mauvaise discrimination des doigts stimulés se traduisant par la perception erronée de trois stimuli au lieu de deux (LM perçoit le « pouce » en plus).
En contraste, LM réussit les épreuves de Précision visuo-motrice de la NEPSY et du Code du WISC III : la tenue du crayon est mature, la vitesse de traitement est moyenne. La qualité du travail en situation « simple » est dans la norme. En revanche, la précision graphomotrice est un peu altérée lorsque le tracé à suivre est très sinueux et fin, donc requérant une adaptation précise. LM réussit également l'épreuve des Séquences motrices manuelles. Cependant, si le résultat est excellent, il faut noter que la performance est extrêmement ralentie, accompagnée de syncinésies et de mouvements du corps (or, le temps n'est pas pris en compte dans le calcul de la note). Pour chaque séquence de mouvements, LM dit à voix haute ce qu'elle doit faire (« sinon je n'y arrive pas »).
Les fonctions sensori-motrices sont extrêmement altérées, notamment celles qui mettent en jeu l'intégration sensori-motrice fine au niveau digital. Seule l'épreuve des séquences motrices manuelles (répétition de séquences faites par l'examinateur) est bien réussie, mais avec une suppléance verbale explicite.
F. FONCTIONS VISUO-SPATIALES
Tableau 9 : Fonctions visuo-spatiales
| Epreuves | Tests | Résultats | Commentaires |
|---------------------------|-----------|-----------|-----------------------|
| Cubes | *WISC III*| 7 | Déficitaire * |
| Cubes | *NEPSY* | 7 | Déficitaire * |
| Assemblages d'objets | *WISC III*| 5 | Très déficitaire ** |
| Copie de figures | *NEPSY* | 10 | Moyen |
| Orientation | *NEPSY* | Percentile 26-75 | Moyen |
| Flèches | *NEPSY* | 6 | Très déficitaire ** |
Le subtest *Cubes* du *WISC* est relativement bien réalisé, mais avec lenteur (notamment pour traiter les diagonales et les angles), le seul échec observé concernant le dernier item. A l'épreuve des *Cubes de la NEPSY*, LM obtient la même note standard car elle réalise tous les items de façon ralenti. L'aptitude à reproduire des relations spatiales tridimensionnelles est possible, grâce à un effort de concentration et à une *médiation verbale* (stratégie de compensation fondée sur les aptitudes verbales).
La note standard d'*Assemblages d'objets* du *WISC* est faible, LM étant pénalisée par la lenteur de traitement et une difficulté majeure pour l'item « visage » dont elle réalise seulement 9 assemblages sur 13, et hors temps.
L'analyse des *fonctions visuo-spatiales* à la *NEPSY* montre une activité motrice fine coordonnée, avec une tenue mature du crayon pour la copie de figures, une bonne représentation des relations visuo-spatiales et de la position des objets dans l'espace. LM prend son temps avant de répondre, elle semble plus à l'aise sur ce genre de matériel : elle profite avec avantage d'un support visuel fixe, à savoir le plan, dans l'épreuve d'*Orientation*.
En contraste, LM est en difficulté dans une activité de jugement de direction de l'orientation et des angles de différentes lignes. Elle prend beaucoup de temps avant de répondre sur la direction des flèches, ce qui suggère l'existence d'une difficulté de visualisation spatiale des relations. Par ailleurs, on relève 4 erreurs du champ visuel droit (niveau attendu) et 7 erreurs du champ visuel gauche (niveau inférieur).
*LM présente donc des difficultés visuo-spatiales dans l'anticipation des directions en l'absence d'un modèle, et dans la construction, qui est ralentie. Ici encore, on peut observer que LM utilise la suppléance verbale pour tenter de pallier ses difficultés.*
**DISCUSSION**
De l'étude neuropsychologique approfondie de cette préadolescente atteinte de ST, émergent plusieurs réponses aux questions posées dans ce travail, concernant les troubles du langage et leur statut. Il apparaît ainsi clairement que :
(a) contrairement aux données de la littérature, le domaine *langage* n'est pas a priori particulièrement performant ;
(b) les divers domaines cognitifs, langagiers ou non, ne sont pas atteints de façon homogène ;
(c) l'existence de dissociations intra et inter-domaines suggère fortement que les troubles du langage soient d'ordre secondaire et non primaire.
Si au plan de l'efficience cognitive générale, la dissociation entre le QIV et le QIP abondamment décrite dans la littérature se retrouve chez LM (les subtests *Information*, *Compréhension* et *Vocabulaire* sont très bien réussis, et dans une moindre mesure celui
de *Similitudes*), en revanche l’évaluation par la *NEPSY* ne confirme pas l’intégrité des fonctions langagières. Toutes les fonctions, y compris le langage oral, apparaissent déficitaires, à l’exception du domaine *Mémoire et apprentissage* qui est efficient.
Certains travaux menés sur les capacités langagières dans le ST ont fait état, au delà de la discordance du QIV et du QIP, de troubles de la dénomination*, d’une limitation de la fluence phonémique* et de déficits dans l’utilisation de certaines structures syntaxiques* ou dans l’organisation d’un schème narratif rapporté**. L’étude de cas de LM confirme l’existence de difficultés en fluence phonémique et en compréhension de certaines structures syntaxiques, mais elle apporte des informations complémentaires.
**Au plan phonologique**, LM présente non seulement des difficultés en fluence phonémique, mais également en répétition de pseudo-mots et en manipulation de phonèmes, difficultés qui peuvent être mises en relation avec les désaffaisances sensori-motrices que l’enfant avait présentées dans la prime enfance au niveau de la sphère verbale (troubles articulo-phonatoires persistants) et, nous y reviendrons, avec les limitations de sa mémoire de travail. Rappelons ici que selon la théorie motrice de la parole, l’intégration phonologique précoce n’est pas seulement auditive mais également visuelle et sensori-motrice : l’enfant acquiert la parole en regardant la bouche de celui qui lui parle et il comprend la parole parce qu’il reproduit en lui-même les mouvements bucco-phonatoires réalisés par le locuteur*. Il est donc hautement probable qu’une difficulté sensori-motrice précoce au niveau phonoartique puisse entraîner des troubles phonologiques persistants.
**Au plan syntaxique**, nous pensions que la modalité « lecture » de l’*ECOSSE* serait mieux réussie parce qu’elle permettrait à LM de combler un déficit visuo-spatial (représentation mentale de l’énoncé), ce qui n’est nullement le cas. La différence observée entre les deux modes de passation est identique dans la population de référence, qui réussit moins bien la modalité « écrite » que la modalité « auditive ». De la même façon, à l’inverse de nos attentes, la compréhension orale de la « structure passive non renversable » et des « prépositions de nature spatiale » proposées dans l’*ECOSSE* est correcte. En revanche, différents types de difficultés syntaxiques atypiques ont été observés chez LM. Lors de l’épreuve de compréhension de consignes (*NEPSY*), LM fait des erreurs liées au traitement imprécis de certains concepts spatiaux et à la complexité syntaxique croissante des phrases. La difficulté observée dans le traitement de certaines formes syntaxiques complexes et des adjectifs ordinaux est atypique, ainsi que le suggère la comparaison des items échoués à la fréquence de réussite de ces mêmes items chez les enfants tout-venans. Elle nous semble en rapport à la fois avec les difficultés visuo-spatiales, et avec la complexité croissante des structures syntagmatiques.
La difficulté à gérer la longueur et la complexité de l’information verbale est également perceptible dans les dissociations observées dans les tâches de dénomination rapide. Les épreuves de dénomination rapide (*RAN et Stroop*) de stimuli visuels appariés à un seul mot (un dessin, une couleur, un chiffre) sont bien réussies, seule la lecture de lettres et de mots étant légèrement ralentie. En revanche, lors de l’épreuve de dénomination rapide de la *NEPSY* où LM doit simultanément organiser une séquence de trois mots (forme, taille, couleur) pour un même stimulus visuel, le traitement est ralenti de façon plus importante. L’intervalle inter-stimuli s’allonge en fonction de la longueur de la séquence des énoncés à produire.
**En ce qui concerne les capacités de langage écrit**, quelques travaux ont fait état dans le ST de bonnes compétences en lecture par les voies d’assemblage et d’adressage, d’une vitesse de lecture normale*, voire d’une hyperlexie sans troubles de compréhension associés*. Or nous avons observé que la vitesse de lecture dépend en fait chez LM de la durée et de la complexité du texte. Autrement dit, si la charge à gérer sur le plan exécutif est conséquente, la vitesse de lecture baisse drastiquement. Lors du Test de l’*Alouette*, le saut de ligne laisse supposer une mauvaise organisation du balayage visuel (instrumentation oculaire), peut-être en rapport avec la « masse » d’informations à traiter dans le plan.
Les mécanismes d’identification de mots sont correctement mis en place. Les quelques
---
*Waber, 1979; Temple et coll., 1996; Murphy et coll., 1994
*Temple, 2002; Temple et Carney, 1995
*Inozemtseva et coll., 2002
**Hepworth et Rovet, 2000
*Liberman et Mattingly, 1985
*Temple et Carney, 1995
*Temple et Carney, 1996
difficultés de traitement de lettres orientées ou de groupes consonantiques ayant subi des inversions suggèrent un dysfonctionnement visuo-spatial. La voie d’adressage est qualitativement opérante, mais ralentie, ce qui nous semble pouvoir être mis en relation avec trois éléments : une lenteur générale de traitement, une faiblesse du stock visuel orthographique, et une défaillance de l’accès à des « images mentales prototypiques ». Il est apparu en effet qu’au plan sémantique et lexical, LM comprend bien les signifiants et la classe à laquelle ils appartiennent. En revanche, les signifiés (l’image à laquelle les signifiants renvoient) sont imprécis, produisant un ralentissement dans une situation de décision de congruence entre un mot et une image. On peut donc se poser la question d’une difficulté spécifique liée, non pas au stock lexical disponible, c’est-à-dire au signifiant et à la classe sémantique à laquelle il appartient, mais à l’image prototypique que ce signifiant devrait activer.
La compréhension de lecture est bonne, confirmant les données rapportées dans la littérature*. Une analyse systématique de l’ordre de complexité syntagmatique indique cependant les limites de cette compréhension, lorsqu’elle concerne des phrases relatives enchâssées et le traitement d’adjectifs ordinaux. Ce type d’énoncés fait appel à des capacités d’imagerie mentale (non respect de la linéarité du continuum verbal, représentation de positions dans l’espace) qui sont déficitaires chez LM.
Le profil de transcription est similaire au profil de lecture : les règles de correspondance phono-graphémique sont relativement bien maîtrisées mais le stock lexical est faible, comme le montrent les épreuves de dictée, de transcription de mots et d’un récit (ce qui semble confirmer la difficulté d’accès aux images prototypiques). La morphologie est mémorisée pour les mots fréquents mais elle n’est pas régie par une règle explicite, puisque LM ne l’applique pas aux mots moins fréquents. La situation de transcription spontanée illustre cette difficulté. Le surcoût cognitif entraîné par la tâche aboutit en effet à un ralentissement de la performance, au non respect de la ponctuation, et à une difficulté à appliquer des règles et non plus seulement à recourir à des formes mémorisées (d’où la production d’erreurs morphologiques et grammaticales).
**Le profil neuropsychologique montre des dissociations intra et inter domaine.**
(1) Les processus mnésiques sont extrêmement dissociés.
*Au niveau visuel*, le subtest *reconnaissance de visages* de la NEPSY est très bien réussi. Cette bonne performance conforte l’idée que la difficulté de reconnaissance d’émotions faciales observée chez certains sujets ST* n’influe nullement sur les capacités mnésiques (tâches de « reconnaissance ») car ces tâches activent des régions différentes d’un point de vue cérébral. La reconnaissance des visages implique deux aires spécifiques situées à droite, l’une, le gyrus fusiforme dans la partie latérale du gyrus occipito-temporal, l’autre dans la partie inférieure de ce même gyrus, alors que la reconnaissance des émotions faciales active en priorité l’amygdale de façon bilatérale* avec un rôle distinct pour chacune*, ainsi que le cortex somato-sensoriel droit**.
De même, LM réussit parfaitement l’épreuve intermodale visuelle et verbale d’apprentissage des prénoms puisqu’elle peut s’appuyer à la fois sur ses bonnes capacités d’apprentissage de listes de mots et de reconnaissance des visages. De plus, cet « accompagnement » du visuel par le verbal lui est en quelque sorte « naturel ». En contraste, les résultats obtenus à la CMS montrent que les capacités d’apprentissage d’informations visuo-perceptives non figuratives et orientées dans le plan sont altérées.
*Au plan verbal*, le traitement mnésique est également dissocié. LM est en difficulté lors des épreuves de répétition de chiffres, de double tâche (compréhension de phrases et rappel de mots), et elle obtient un indice d’attention/et de concentration déficitaire à la CMS(67). En ce qui concerne la mémoire narrative, LM réussit parfaitement les épreuves de la CMS alors qu’elle est en difficulté lors de l’épreuve de la NEPSY. Sans doute cette discordance est-elle liée au fait que les histoires de la CMS sont courtes et comportent peu de détails, alors que l’histoire de la NEPSY est longue et comporte beaucoup de détails. Cela suggère l’existence d’une dissociation selon la nature de l’information à traiter, et des processus attentionnels mis en jeu.
(2) Or les processus attentionnels et exécutifs apparaissent également dissociés. Les
capacités de planification et d’inhibition en situation simple (concentration sur une seule tâche), d’attention visuelle sélective, et la composante « boucle phonologique » de la mémoire de travail (apprentissage d’une liste de mots) sont efficientes. De même, la formulation de concepts, la flexibilité mentale, la capacité d’inhibition (épreuves de la Tour, de Cogner et Frapper, de la partie « interférence » du Stroop) et la capacité d’alternance d’un système de représentation à un autre sur le plan sémantique (épreuve du Wisconsin) sont efficientes. En contraste, la capacité d’inhibition en situation d’attention sélective auditive (épreuve de mémoire de travail auditive), la recherche stratégique en mémoire visuelle, la génération et le contrôle de patterns visuo-graphiques (épreuve de Fluence de dessins) sont altérés.
(3) Les fonctions sensori-motrices, qui sont les plus altérées, sont aussi dissociées. Les habiletés visuo-motrice et grapho-motrice sont efficientes, mais le traitement des informations kinesthésiques (discrimination tactile) et la reproduction de gestes (imitation) sont déficitaires. On peut ici se référer à la théorie de Gerstmann, qui a établi des liens entre la dyscalculie, certains troubles visuo-spatiaux, et l’agnosie digitale*.
(4) La dissociation des fonctions visuo-spatiales quant à elle, avait déjà été notée antérieurement*. Les activités grapho-motrices orientées (reproduction de modèles) sont efficientes, ainsi que la capacité de représentation de la position des objets dans l’espace à partir d’un plan fixe, qui est cependant ralentie. C’est donc la planification d’un mouvement dans l’espace et la visualisation mentale qui sont défaillantes.
La vitesse de traitement étant ralenti dans quasiment l’ensemble des épreuves proposées et quel que soit le domaine évalué (ce qui se manifeste la plupart du temps par un contrôle volontaire), on peut faire l’hypothèse que le déficit exécutif constaté serait un déficit primaire, au même titre que la défaillance des fonctions visuo-spatiales et sensori-motrices. Cependant, nous avons observé des procédures compensatoires au cours de plusieurs épreuves. Ainsi, lorsque l’encodage visuel peut bénéficier d’une médiation verbale et sémantique et/ou d’un substrat visuel (images, plan organisé permettant de faire sens au niveau langagier), les processus mnésiques d’encodage, de stockage et de récupération visuelle sont efficientes. C’est dire que LM peut fonctionner de façon opérationnelle grâce à la suppléance du langage et à l’apport d’informations sémantiques.
La confrontation du profil langagier au profil neuropsychologique de LM suggère donc que les altérations des fonctions langagières observées sont essentiellement en rapport avec des déficits primaires affectant (de façon d’ailleurs dissociée) les fonctions visuo-spatiales, exécutives, attentionnelles et sensori-motrices. L’existence de ces dissociations intra et inter-domaines, l’usage compensatoire que LM fait du langage (suppléance verbale lors des tâches visuo-spatiales et sensori-motrices), l’infléchissement des performances langagières en fonction du coût attentionnel et mnésique engendré par les différentes tâches, ou des composantes visuelles représentationnelles (images prototypiques) qui y sont impliquées, nous amènent à concevoir les troubles du langage comme un déficit secondaire et non primaire. La défaillance observée des aspects formels du langage et du lexique orthographique nous semble pouvoir résulter à la fois du dysfonctionnement visuo-spatial et sensori-moteur et de l’instabilité des fonctions exécutives.
Ces données neuropsychologiques sont à rapprocher des données actuelles de la neuroimagerie en matière de ST. Différents chercheurs ont tenté de mettre en parallèle certaines anomalies cérébrales constatées dans le ST avec les dysfonctionnements cognitifs précédemment mentionnés : ainsi, les anomalies du gyrus pariétal (réduction de volume, désorganisation du sillon intrapariétal, activation déficitaire des aires pariéto-occipitales) pourraient être corrélées aux difficultés visuo-spatiales*, alors que les anomalies amygdalienne, hippocampique, cingulaire antérieure et préfrontale seraient plutôt corrélées aux troubles des fonctions mnésiques, exécutives et aux perturbations émotionnelles et psychosociales*. Les sujets Turner compenseraient certains dysfonctionnements exécutifs par un recrutement de régions additionnelles du cortex préfrontal impliquées dans les fonctions d’inhibition et d’attention nécessaires pour réussir des tâches de type « Cogner et Frapper » de la NEPSY*. Enfin, il importe de souligner les anomalies du gyrus temporal
*Gertsmann, 1930
*Van Hout et Meljac, 2001
*Brown et coll., 2004 ; Molko et coll., 2003 et 2004 ; Kessler et coll., 2004
*Good et coll., 2003 ; Kessler et coll., 2004 a et b ; Molko et coll., 2004
*Tamm et coll., 2003
supérieur et plus particulièrement du sillon temporal supérieur* ainsi que les modifications microstructurales de la substance blanche temporaire - donc des connexions de ce gyrus*, qui sont des zones fortement impliquées dans les activités langagières.
L'interprétation des données actuelles concernant les rapports comportement/structure cérébrale pose cependant un problème (conceptuel) : en effet, les études d'imagerie ont été réalisées chez des adultes ou de grands adolescents bénéficiant d'un traitement hormonal, alors que les anomalies observées ont probablement été constituées à un stade précoce du développement. De plus, toutes les études sur le langage, à l'exception d'une* ont été réalisées chez des enfants.
**CONCLUSION**
Cette étude neuropsychologique d'un cas de ST chez une préadolescente met en évidence dans différents domaines des déficits et des dissociations non encore mentionnés dans la littérature. Ainsi, des déficits spécifiques au sein non seulement des habiletés visuo-spatiales et visuo-perceptives, des processus mnésiques, des fonctions sensorimotrices, mais encore des processus exécutifs et attentionnels ont pu être dégagés parallèlement à un caryotype bien défini. Dans ce contexte, les difficultés langagières apparaissent comme des conséquences et non comme des déficits primaires.
Une des limites de notre travail concerne évidemment le fait qu'il ne porte que sur un sujet. A caryotype semblable, les caractéristiques phénotypiques de cette forme mosaïque 45X/46X,i(X)q(10) mises en évidence, ne sont pas forcément généralisables dans leur totalité à d'autres enfants Turner. Le milieu familial, l'éducation et aussi des différences interindividuelles relatives au style cognitif, au profil psychoaffectif influent certainement sur les performances relevées. Par ailleurs, étant donné l'hétérogénéité des anomalies du chromosome X en particulier dans les cas « mosaïques », la multiplication d'études cas par cas pourrait permettre une approche mieux ciblée des relations entre le chromosome X et le langage. Par exemple, des examens approfondis complétant le caryotype standard ont montré, dans le ST, que l'origine maternelle du chromosome X résiduel avait des effets plus pathogènes que son origine paternelle, tant pour les modifications anatomiques du gyrus temporal supérieur que pour les fonctions cognitives, exécutives et verbales, notamment le rappel verbal différé*.
Ainsi il nous paraît important dans le futur de pouvoir construire et utiliser des tâches expérimentales reposant sur des paradigmes définis (notamment pour l'attention, la mémoire), d'affiner l'analyse du langage par des épreuves de production narrative dans différents contextes (conversationnels, élicités), et de les coupler à des études de potentiels évoqués événementiels.
Il serait également nécessaire de déterminer si certaines difficultés langagières constatées chez les enfants ST persistent chez les adultes et, en cas de réponse négative, s'in-terroger sur les stratégies de compensation mises en place.
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2012 ECONOMIC REPORT FOR MOUNTAIN HOME AND BAXTER COUNTY
2012 SUMMARY
The 2010 census indicated the population of Baxter County at 41,513, an 8% increase from the 2000 census; and Mountain Home's population was 12,448, a 13.4% increase over 2000. Baxter County is now ranked 12 th in population in the state, and a recent study done by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation ranked Baxter County the 12 th "Healthiest" county out of 75 in Arkansas. Outdoor Life Magazine rated Baxter County the 7 th best "Outdoor Activity Area" in the nation. Field and Stream ranked Mountain Home the 2 nd "Best Fishing Town in America". Baxter County is primarily thought of as a retirement community, but with only 48.2% of its residents over the age of 65, it is becoming a destination for people of all ages wanting to find a quieter way of life. Yet, the Twin Lakes area still has many of the amenities found in larger areas. Baxter County welcomed 98 new businesses to the area in 2012. It is North Central Arkansas's shopping hub with people from a 7 county area coming here to shop. With over 844,000 people visiting the Twin Lakes area annually, it is also a tourist destination.
The assessed value of property in Baxter County decreased 1% in 2012.
Real estate sales in 2012 (according to the Multiple Listing Service) increased 1.13% from sales in 2011.
In 2012, motor vehicle registration in Baxter County was at 59,165 vehicles. This is an increase of 207over 2011.
In December 2012, Baxter County had an unemployment rate of 7.4% with an average rate of 8.6% for the year. The Arkansas unemployment rate for 2012 was at 7.3%, while the national rate ended the year at 8.1%.
Local tax receipts generated by tourism in Baxter County are currently $3.53 million.
NATIONAL ECONOMY
Set forth below are actual, estimated, and forecasted data with respect to inflation, gross domestic product, and unemployment for the nation:
(Insert tables) Inflation
2009 2.6% - 2010 1.50% - 2011 3.2% - 2012 1.59% - 2013 1.7%(projected)
Gross Domestic Product
2009 -2.4% 2010 3.2% - 2011 1.7% - 2012 3.1% - 2013 2%(projected)
Unemployment Rate
2009 10% - 2010 9.1% - 2011 8.9 – 2012 8.1 – 2013 7.4 (projected)
MOUNTAIN HOME AND BAXTER COUNTY ECONOMY
Mountain Home is located in Baxter County, which is in north central Arkansas in the Ozark Mountains. The city is located 150 miles north of Little Rock, Arkansas, and 110 miles southeast of Springfield, Missouri.
The following table sets forth the population trends for the city and county since 1990.
Mountain Home is served by U.S. Highway 62/412 and Arkansas State Highways 5 and 201. The city is served by Baxter County Airport, which sits on 338 acres on State Highway 126 near Midway. It features a paved, lighted 5,000-foot runway and a 6,800- square-foot terminal. The airport has 46 hangers. The local Chapter of the Civil Air Patrol has 50 volunteers and one onsite aircraft. It provides training for cadets and emergency assistance throughout northern Arkansas.
The city operates under the mayor-city council form of government. The Mayor serves a fouryear term, while members of the City Council serve two-year terms. The City Council consists of eight aldermen whose current terms will expire December 31, 2014. Mayor David Osmon's term will expire December 31, 2014. The current city budget is $25.3 million.
Baxter County is served by Baxter Regional Medical Center. The hospital has a total of 268 beds and serves patients from 14 counties. The hospital has a staff of over 100 physicians representing 33 specialties, 9 dentists, approximately 1400 employees and more than 500 active volunteers. It provides services ranging from Home Health to Open Heart Surgery. Baxter Regional Medical Center also has four community houses; the Peitz Cancer Support House; the
Schliemans Center for Women's Health Education; Mruk Family Center on Aging; and the Reppell Diabetes Learning Center. All of these houses provide outreach programs to the surrounding community with over 95% of the services provided for free.
Baxter County is served by three school districts: Cotter, Norfork and Mountain Home schools.
The Cotter School District covers thirty-five square miles in Western Baxter County, including the cities of Cotter, Gassville and the outlying area. Cotter Schools provide a comprehensive academic educational program for students in grades kindergarten through twelve that complies with the Standards for Accreditation as established by the Arkansas State Board of Education. The enrollment for Cotter School District is approximately 648 students, 70% of which are eligible for free or reduced priced meals. An additional 40 students are enrolled in the ABC and Head Start pre-school programs at Cotter. Cotter Schools employs 59 certified staff, 42 support staff, and runs 8 bus routes. Student test scores have continued to improve over recent years, specifically in elementary math, elementary science, Jr. High math, algebra, and career and technical education. Results of the Arkansas Benchmark Examination of the 2011-2012 school year showed Cotter students to be at or above the state average in all but one math and literacy exams, and above the state average on all but one science exam. Students who are not proficient on benchmark exams are provided remedial instruction. Cotter Public Schools offers an opportunity for a strong academic education with Advanced Placement offerings in all four of the core academic disciplines. The graduating seniors of 2012 were eligible for approximately $1.2 million in academic scholarships for post-secondary education programs. The junior high school Governor's Academic Quiz Bowl Competition team from Cotter finished first in the region for the 2011-2012 school year. The schools also offer a variety of extra-curricular and athletic programs that help develop well-rounded students. The district's FBLA and FFA chapters are very competitive in district and state competitions each year. The Amanda Gist Elementary School has been recognized as a "Break the Mold" school due to the high academic performance of its students on state benchmark exams, and the district's facilities have been deemed to we well-maintained and in overall good condition by the Arkansas Division of School Facilities and Transportation.
Cotter Schools are leaders in North Central Arkansas in the field of technology. Cotter High School is the first school in the Twin Lakes Region to provide each student with his/her own technology device. Beginning with the 2012-13 school year all students in grades 7-12 were provided with an iPad 2 and all buildings within the district are equipped with WIFI capabilities. The elementary school currently has approximately one iPad for every three students and that number is increasing each year.
The Norfork school district is located in southern Baxter County and serves Norfork and the outlying areas. The Norfork School is North Central Accredited.
The Mountain Home School District Mission Statement is "Committed to Excellence in
Education, Every Student-Every Time". The Mountain Home School District is the largest in the area and is fully accredited by North Central Association. In December 2011, the district became accredited by AdvancED. Schools must apply and meet rigorous standards to become a member of this association. There are seven campuses in the district, including a separate kindergarten building, a high school, junior high, middle school, two elementary sites, and the Guy Berry College and Career Academy, an alternative learning environment. The Mountain Home High School Career Academies' learning model is built around rigorous and relevant curriculum that effectively prepares students for college and careers. The model focuses on collaboration among school, business, and community. The high school received national attention when all three academies were designated model academies by the National Career Academy Coalition. The district maintains the highest educational goals for the children of the community. Mountain Home students are in the upper 20% of academic achievement in the State of Arkansas
Arkansas State University-Mountain Home Campus continues to experience growth in scholarship distributions, budget, and number of full-time employees. The school's budget for 2012-2013 is $10,353,000. The fall enrollment for 2012 was 1,413 students, which is virtually the same as the fall of 2011. Through their affiliation with the main campus in Jonesboro, it is possible to earn a bachelor and master's degree at ASU Mountain Home. There are 227 students enrolled in the Jonesboro program attending classes at the Mountain Home Campus.
The Mountain Home area enjoys a well-balanced economy consisting of six main components:
* A diverse base of employers, including manufacturing
* A strong retail market attracting customers from seven surrounding counties
* A nationally known tourism market
* A stable, relatively affluent retiree/senior population
* A regional provider of healthcare services
* A progressive network of telecommunication and transportation services
The major employers within Baxter County are set forth below:
Employer
Employees
There are currently eleven banks with offices in Mountain Home. They are: First Security Bank; First Federal Bank; Integrity First Bank; Liberty Bank; Arvest Bank; Bank of America; US Bank; Bank of the Ozarks; First Community National Bank; First National Banking Company, and Twin Lakes Community Bank. These banks had the following combined deposits in Baxter County for the following years.
Baxter County has a civilian labor force of 16,825. Of that population, 85.9% are high school graduates and 17.7% are college graduates. The most recent per capita personal income is $20,372 with the median Family income currently at $40,257, Baxter County ranks 28th in the state. In 2012 Mountain Home issued 1,013 business licenses. In 2012 Baxter County's 1% sales tax brought in $5,741,318.
Listed below are the number of parcels and the value of real estate sold through the MLS in Baxter County area for the last three year:
The City of Mountain Home issued the following number of building permits in the last five years: (These figures do not include structures other than buildings. Additions, remodeling projects, garages and carports are not included)
The assessed valuation of real and personal taxable property in Baxter County for the last five years:
Sales and use tax distributions breakdown for Baxter County's 1% tax for the last five years:
Sales tax generated by the 1% Mountain Home sales tax for the last five years:
Year
2009
2010
2011
2012
Unemployment percentage rates for Baxter County since 2007, based on fourth quarter figures:
Motor vehicle registrations in Baxter County for the past three years:
Tourist travel expenditures in Baxter County for the past five years:
The number of tourists that visited Baxter County from 2008 through 2012:
2011
2012
Jobs generated by tourism in Baxter County from 2008 through 2012: | <urn:uuid:77647b34-5f8f-4f70-a0b6-b70484105a0d> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 11,137 |
Относно: Отговори на въпроси свързани с документация за участие.
Уважаеми Дами и Господа,
Във връзка с провеждане на процедура за възлагане на обществена поръчка, чрез процедура на договаряне с обявление № 209-ЕВН-14-CL-Y-З с предмет: Предоставяне на застрахователни услуги по обособени позиции: Позиция 1: Застраховки имущество; Позиция 2: Застраховки живот и задължителна застраховка трудова злополука; Позиция 3: Застраховки на Сухопътните превозни средства (СПС); Позиция 4: Застраховки отговорности, за дружествата от групата на ЕВН България: "ЕВН България Електроразпределение" ЕАД, "ЕВН България Електроснабдяване" ЕАД, "ЕВН България Топлофикация" ЕАД, "Център за услуги" ЕООД, "Натуркрафт" ЕООД, "ЕВН Горна Арда Дивелъпмънт" ЕООД, "ЕВН България" ЕАД, "ЕВН Тредъринг Саут Ийст Юръл", "ЕВН-Каварна" ЕООД", на основание на полученото писмо със запитвания с вх. № 7150 от 20.08.2014 г. отговаряме по следния начин:
Въпрос 1:
В разяснение от 15.08.2014 г. е посочено, че следва да бъде приложено Техническо предложение на участника в което да се съдържат всички изисквания на Възложителя.
Моля за информация дали Техническото предложение на участника трябва да се постави в отделен плик?
Отговор на Въпрос 1:
Техническото предложение на кандидата не трябва да се поставя в отделен плик.
Въпрос 2:
„1.19. Кандидатът трябва да предостави списък с доверените сервизи и със сервизите на официалните вносители за марките: Рено, ВАЗ-Лада, Тойота, Фолксваген, Форд или оторизираните им сервизни партньори, с които имат склучен договор за безкассово разплащане, за територия на Р. България и населените места, посочени в т.2. валиден за посочения в документа „Технически изисквания” период. При липса на доверени автосервизи и сервизи на официалните вносители(марките:Рено, Форд, ВАЗ-Лада, Тойота, Фолксваген) в изброените населени места кандидатът следва да посочи писмено начин и процедурата за обслужване поделенията на Възложителя в тези населени места.” В т. 2 от техническите изисквания са посочени видовете застраховки.
Моля уточнете, в кои населени места участникът трябва да има сключен договор с посочените от Вас сервизи?
Отговор на Въпрос 2:
Кандидатът трябва да представи списък с доверените сервизи и със сервизите на официалните вносители за марките Рено, Форд, ВАЗ-Лада, Тойота, Фолксваген, с които има сключен договор за безкасово разплащане в градовете: Пазарджик, Пловдив, Стара Загора, Сливен, Ямбол, Хасково, Смолян, Кънджали, Бургас и София. При липса на доверени автосервизи и сервизи на официалните вносители в посочените по-горе населени места кандидатът трябва да посочи писмено начин и процедура за обслужване поделенията на Възложителя в тези населени места.
Въпрос 3:
„2.35 Всеки кандидат може да подаде заявление за участие за една или повече обособени позиции. За всяка отделна обособена позиция, кандидатът подава отделно заявление за участие. Допуска се, при Процедура на договоряване с обявяване за възлагане на обществена поръчка Ver. 1*01 06 2014 Страница 6 от 9 едновременно подаване на заявления за няколко обособени позиции, задължителните изисквания, посочени по-горе, които се отнасят за "всички обособени позиции", да се ползват и представляват единократно в общий плик като върху плика се отбелязва, че това са документи към заявления за участие за позиции………(изброяват се позициите, за които се подават отделните заявления). Върху плика, съдържаща документите от заявлението, кандидатът обозначава номера и предмета на обществената поръчка и обособената позиция, за които то се отнася. За всеки един плик, за всяко заявление за участие, за всяка обособена позиция се изисква входящ номер от деловодството на Възложителя.“
Моля уточнете след като общите документи се поставят в плика с първата позиция, за която се участва в останалите пликове срещу съответния документ в списъка се отбелязва, че той се намира в плик на позиция № 1?
Отговор на Въпрос 3:
Препоръчително е да има документ в пликовете на заявленията за участие за позиции в, които не се съдържат доказателства за задължителните изисквания, който да реферира наличието на тези доказателства към плика с наименование „документи към заявления за участие за позиции………(изброяват се позициите, за които се подават отделните заявления).“ | <urn:uuid:826ae5d8-1eba-4142-bae5-8fe364cb0765> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/bul_Cyrl/train | finepdfs | bul_Cyrl | 4,251 |
SUSCITO
Rätt kommunikation gör skillnad
Suscito är en konsultbyrå som arbetar med varumärkesutveckling och kommunikationsdesign.
I den här katalogen presenterar vi exempel på olika uppdrag som vi har genomfört. Vi erbjuder tjänster hela vägen från planering till genomförande.
Vårt nätverk består av spetskompetenser med stor erfarenhet. Vi skapar en enhetlig och konsekvent kommunikation i allt från visuella koncept till produktion av webblösningar, årsredovisningar och grafiska identiteter.
EXEMPEL PÅ GENOMFÖRDA PROJEKT
Ett nytt svenskt varumärke .......................... 5
En internationell webbportalen ....................... 11
En lättanvänd onlinetjänst ............................. 15
En internationell konferens ............................ 19
MÄNNISKORNA KRING SUSCITO
Om nätverket .............................................. 24
Fotografering .............................................. 25
3D-animering .............................................. 28
Arbetsmetoder och miljopolicy ...................... 30
KONTAKT
info@suscito • www.suscito.se
Suscito AB, Grönegatan 7, 222 24 Lund
En hel värld av möjligheter
Suscito är en fullservicebyrå vars styrka ligger i att du får tillgång till en egen kontaktperson som kan låtsa dig från idé till praktiskt genomförande och som ger din verksamhet förmågan att sjösätta även komplexa projekt.
Suscitos nätverk består av specialkompetenser som vet hur man levererar goda resultat. För oss är det mycket viktigt att upprätthålla hög kvalitet i alla led och därför är våra medarbetare den viktigaste resursem vi har.
Vi inleder alla nya relationer med ett personligt möte där vi lyssnar på era idéer och diskuterar era behov. Vårt mål är att vara det naturliga valet för dig som efterfrågar hög kvalitet och vårt kännetegen är att skapa lösningar som är anpassade för uppdragsgivaren.
I den här katalogen presenterar vi ett urval uppdrag som vi har hjälpt kunder med de senaste åren. De har valts ut för att de är unika koncept som ställer olika krav på våra kunskaper och vänder sig till olika målgrupper.
Jag hoppas att du får en tydlig bild av fördelarna och möjligheterna som kommer av att arbeta med oss. För det riktigt intressanta är ju inte vad vi har gjort tidigare, utan vad som kommer hämnast – i samarbete med dig.
Den allmänna medvetenheten kring vad god design och kommunikation är har ökat enormt under det senaste decenniet. Idag är förväntningarna på hur saker ska fungera annorlunda än tidigare och spelreglerna har ställts på ända. Det skapar nya möjligheter att med rätt kunskap, fokus och en enhetlig kommunikation uppnå fantastiska resultat.
Välkommen till Suscito.
Mattias Bouchaud Präntare
Projektledare & vd
Ett nytt svenskt varumärke
I det här projektet var vår roll att skapa identiteten för en ny smyckeskollektion
Klassisk, tidlös och exklusiv design skapade prisbelönat varumärke
Historien om Swedish Berries började med två vänner som under en lång tid hade pratat om att starta företag tillsammans. Erika Ierao och Therese Liberman hade en gemensam dröm om att skapa en smyckeskollektion i silver inspirerad av den svenska naturen.
I samband med att duon hade skissat sin första kollektion och bestämt sig för att göra slag i saken, så kontaktade de Suncito. De behövde en fast grund att stå på inför sin första lansering och ville att allt skulle finnas på plats från dag ett.
Vi lade stor tonvikt på planeringsfasen. Erika och Therese fick svara på en uppsättning frågor som relaterade till deras varumärke och visionerna bakom det. Exempelvis ”Vilka konkurrenter har ni på marknaden?” och ”Vilka kärnvärden står ni för?”. ”Hur skiljer ni er från andra aktörer på marknaden?”. Några av frågorna hade givna svar, medan andra krävde diskussion och en del tankearbete. Resultatet av processen blev en gemensam målbild över vad Swedish Berries stod för och en klar formulering kring hur Erika och Therese ville att kunderna skulle uppfatta det nya företaget och dess produkter.
Therese och Erika fick sedan ta del av skisser på logotyper och olika stämningsbilder som visade idéer på tilltal. Vi diskuterade idéerna tillsammans och när vi kände att vi hade hittat rätt, så var nästa steg att gå från ide till handling. Det behövdes två typer av material; dels en dokumentation av de grafiska riktlinjerna för Swedish Berries och dels det faktiska materialet som skulle användas vid lanseringen.
Freddy Billqvist fotograferade hela kollektionen som bestod av ett femtiotal smycken och Jeremy Snowsill fick uppdraget att ta fram riktlinjerna för den grafiska designen.
Parallellt med den grafiska dokumentationen så arbetade vi med att skapa den nya webbplatsen. Det stod tidigt klart att en webbutik var viktig som säljkanal, men det var också ett naturligt sätt att sätta produkterna i fokus. Vi byggde webbplatsen på en tredjepartslösning med målet att utforma en behaglig och enkel köpupplevelse, där kunderna kunde betala säkert med kort.
Vi designade även en produktöversikt och presentaskar för Swedish Berries första silverkollektion.
Det omsorgsfulla arbetet gav resultat. Under 2013 fick Swedish Berries utmärkelsen ‘Precious Talent’ på Nordens största smyckesmässa i Stockholm.
Den grafiska identiteten präglas av en klassiskt stilren känsla. Avskalat, men med stor vikt på detaljer för att få till ett exklusivt tilltal.
Framgångsreceptet för Swedish Berries grafiska identitet byggde till stor del på genomarbetade typografiska detaljer och kompromisslöst gällande kvaliteten på produktlåten.
En webbportal med många dimensioner
Så skapade vi en webbplats för 100-årsminnet av August Strindberg
01 Webbshoppen i fokus
02 Uppslag från den grafiska manualen
03 Folder med översikt av smyckeskollektionen
Aktiviteter, platser och språk – Sveriges officiella webbportal till minnet av August Strindberg
"Strindbergsåret 2012 handlar om att bättre förstå vår samtida. Vi kommer att praxiska, uppleva och diskutera Strindbergs verk. Låta dem belysa den vardag vi lever i. Att ta del av vad som kan innehålla. Oavsett vad vi tycker om Strindberg och hans konstnärliga gärning så har han påverkat den kultur vi lever i. Vårt språk. Vad vi talar om. Hur vi ser på oss själva."
Statens Kulturråd
2012 var det 100 år sedan författaren och konstnären August Strindberg gick bort. Det uppmärksammas genom ett nationellt samarbete mellan Statens Kulturråd, Stockholms stad genom Stockholms stadsteater samt Svenska institutet.
Suscito fick möjligheten att inför Kulturrådet visa förslag på hur vi skulle ta oss an uppgiften att skapa en officiell webbplats för Strindbergsåret.
Första steget i vår pitch var att visa ett förslag som var så genomarbetat att det upplevdes som en komplett lösning. Det fanns inga fördefinierade specifikationer att gå efter, så därför fokuserade vi inte bara på ett tilltalande visuellt språk, utan också på att ta en ordentlig funderande över webbplatsens syfte och vilken roll den skulle spela.
Vår huvudide var att webbplatsen skulle bli en plattform och sammanbindande punkt för alla de satsningar som gjordes runtom i Sverige och resten av världen. Vi hämtade inspiration och idéer från bland annat utställningar och stadsguidar. Det var viktigt att webbplatsen skulle inspirera folk att besöka de utställningar, föreställningar och evenemang som arrangerades. Den skulle samtidigt väcka nyfikenhet och ge en ökad förståelse för Strindberg och hans verk. Vi visade förslaget på Kulturrådet i Stockholm, där vi gick igenom vår idé, del för del på en storskräm för att sedan svara på frågor inför en samordningsgrupp.
När vi fick klartecken att genomföra uppdraget så hade vi mindre än ett halvår på oss att färdigställa webbplatsen. Det innebar att vi omedelbart påbörjade det tekniska arbetet med att färdigställa funktioner och form utifrån de ursprungliga skisserna. Arbetet delades upp i tydliga delmoment med förbestämde avstemningspunkter.
Kalendriefunktionen och det internationella språkstödet, var de två delar som vi lade särskilt fokus på. Kalendariet, som var en central del av webbplatsen, med möjlighet att själv söka efter aktiviteter utifrån plats, tid eller konstområde. Evenemangen beskrevs med bild, plats och Googlekarta. Innehållet sträckte sig från föreläsningar på bibliotek till stora teaterfestivaler, utställningar på galerier och museum, bokpresentationer, konferenser, studiecirklar, stadsvandringar, tävlingar och skärgårdskryssningar.
Webbplatsen översattes med stöd av Svenska institutet till åtta språk, bland annat arabiska, kinesiska och ryska. Strindbergportalen invigdes på Strindbergsmuseet i Stockholm med tal av råvarende kulturministern Lena Adelsohn Liljeroth.
Webbportalen blev en lyckad satsning, med 692 publicerade evenemang spridda över 183 städer i 137 länder. Hemsidan fick under Strindbergsåret besök från 127 olika länder.
183 städer med arrangemang
1 hemsida
8 språk
100 år efter Strindberg
37 länder representerade
692 olika event organiserade
Upplevelsen
Vi byggde webbportalen med flexibla lösningar och ett responsivt gränssnitt.
För oss var det viktigt att sajten skulle ge en lika bra upplevelse oberoende om man använder mobila enheter, surfplattor eller sitter vid datorn.
En effektiv onlinetjänst
Ett samspel av form och funktionalitet i stabil lösning för Fakturaportalen
Nytt gränssnitt, formspråk och sammanhållen identitet – så utvecklades Fakturaportalen
Företaget Expert Systems började redan under nittioålets första hälft att utveckla system för digital affärshantering. ICA, Coop och Axfood är några av de kunder som använder deras tjänster.
År 2002 lanserades Fakturaportalen, en webbtjänst som gjorde det möjligt att skicka fakturor över nätet. Tio år senare var det dags för en omfattande uppdatering. Målet var framför allt att förnya tjänsten, genom att göra den mer lättanvänd och tidsenlig. Suscita fick uppdraget att skapa nytt formspråk.
Initialt presenterade vi skisser och förslag på startsidor. Syftet var att hitta den känsla och det tilltal som skulle präglå Fakturaportalen. Det var viktigt att skapa ett formspråk från grunden, som tydligt signalerade att det här var början på något nytt och spännande.
Koncept och detaljer utformades i tåt dialog med uppdragsgivaren. Resultatet blev en sammanhållen identitet med nya färger, ny logotyp och ett enhetligt tilltal – unikt skapade för Fakturaportalen.
Kort efter lanseringen köptes Expert Systems AB av det Helsingborgsbaserade IT-företaget ReadSoft, som i sin tur förvärvades av Lexmark i en miljardaffär under 2014.
Foto: Dan Hazelius
Att kommunicera en internationell mötesplats
Se hur vi skapade inramningen för Europas största konferens om hållbar sjukvård
01 Svart, blått, vitt och ett tydligt budskap.
02 Sidor från designmanualen, som användes som referens vid programmeringen.
Trovärdigt, tillgängligt och modernt – formgivning av Europas största konferens för hållbar sjukvård
Vad fick 600 människor från hela världen att välja Malmö mellan 26-28 september 2012? Svaret stavar CleanMed Europe. En internationell konferens med fokus på sjukvårdens miljöpåverkan. Med över 600 deltagare från Europa och övriga världen blev det den största konferensen inom området på denna sidan Atlanten.
Suscito skapade på uppdrag av Stiftelsen TEM en grafisk profil åt CleanMed Europe. Medfinansiärer var Region Skåne och Health Care Without Harm. Målet var att på bästa sätt marknadsföra konferensen för att locka sponsorer, utställare och inte minst ett högt antal deltagare.
Förutsättningarna var tydliga: formspråket skulle ha ett europeiskt kilttal, men även vara modernt och tillgängligt och ha samma tyngd och seriösa prägel som själva konferensen.
For det här uppdraget var det lämpligt att skapa en dokumentation av den grafiska profilen. De olika kommunikationsytorna var tydliga och den röda tråden kunde enkelt åskådliggöras. Den uppenbara fördelen i det här uppdraget var att konferensen planerades att flytta utomhus på andra platser framöver. En detaljerad planering gjorde det möjligt att bygga vidare på formspråket för nya arrangörer.
01 Webbplatsen för CleanMed Europe fick en tydlig grafisk identitet. Syftet var att ge en professionell, informativ inramning som samtidigt lockade besökare från andra länder med hjälp av en skandinavisk estetik och känsla.
Människorna kring Suscito
Fantastiska människor uppnår fantastiska resultat. Det är därför vi arbetar med de bästa.
01 Rollup som placerades på konferensen och som teaser vid olika nätverksevent.
02 Uppslag från riktlinjerna för den grafiska identiteten.
03 Framsida till konferensinbjudan.
Människorna är nyckeln till en komplett fullservicebyrå
Det är människorna kring Suscito som gör det möjligt att skapa storverk.
Suscito utgörs av ett kreativt nätverk med kompetenser inom olika områden, som till exempel content marketing, copywriting, sökmotoroptimering och olika typer av IT-underhåll. Genom att lyfta in ytterligare resurser när det behövs, kan vi anpassa oss och skala upp vår insats efter behov. Allt för att skapa en dynamisk och effektiv kommunikation – från minsta detalj till övergripande strukturer.
Vår filosofi är att arbeta långsiktigt, där ett samspel mellan kunskap, kompetens och kommunikation bygger goda kundrelationer och ger positiva resultat för din verksamhet.
På följande sidor kan du se exempel från två av de samarbetspartners som ingår i Suscitos nätverk, Freddy Billqvist och Frank Valiant.
Vår föhoppning är att arbetsproverna ska ge dig en inblick i några av de möjligheter ett samarbete med Suscito öppnar för din verksamhet.
Fotografering – stillbilder och film för alla kanaler
Freddy Billqvist är fotograf och ett proffs ut i fingerspetsarna. Han har jobbat med många prestigefyllda uppdrag under sin karriär. I portföljen återfinns bland annat reklamkampanjer för Stenströms, J.Lindberg, Heinz och Lunds stad. Freddy:s styrka som fotograf är att han har en omtaligt förmåga att ge karakter åt sina bilder genom en underbar känsla för detaljer och smälesstämmningar.
Det är få saker som har så stor betydelse för ett företags image som de bilder som används. Det är en av anledningarna till att vi brukar rekommendera att låta en professionell fotograf ta bilder för att användas på till exempel hemsida, sociala medier och i presentationer. Det är ett prisvärt alternativ till bildbyråerna på internet. Fördelarna är att motiven speglar den verkliga verksamheten och bidrar till igenkänning och lokal förankring. Det är bland annat därför vi har lätit Freddy ta personporträtten på oss i den här katalogen.
Här kan du se några bildexempel som Freddy själv har valt ut.
Foto för tidningen Lundaliv
ÖVRE Reklambild för HD24, Helsingborgs Dagblad
NEDAN Konceptbild för Buttenick’s
ÖVRE Reklambild för Heinz
NEDAN Reklambild för Heinz
Helikoptern som inte finns
3D-visualisering och animation
Den här helikoptern finns inte i verkligheten. Bilden är skapad med en 3D-modell som har bygts och ljussatts i datorn för att på ett kraftfullt och kostnadseffektivt sätt skapa en presentation med genomslag.
Det är inte längre bara filmbolag och stora aktörer som kan använda tekniken fullt ut. Vi öppnar dörren för företag och organisationer till en värld av möjligheter att visualisera och kommunicera idéer – och inte minst visioner – med hjälp av 3D.
Vi kan skapa filmer, bilder och fysiska modeller som tidigare hade varit mycket kostsamma och komplicerade projekt. Till vår hjälp har vi samarbetspartners som är specialiserade på 3D-illustration och animering.
Arbetsmetoder, personal- och miljöpolicy
Suscito har ett beprövat system för att driva, underlätta och säkerställa en god arbets- och produktionsprocess. För oss är det mycket viktigt att upprätthålla hög kvalitet i alla led, från ide och koncept till genomförande och levererad slutprodukt. I kvalitetsarbetet ingår beredskap att hantera produktionsstoppar och kunna ta oss an pågripande med kvalitetsvänliga och flexibla arbetsflödesystem med dubbelning av arbetsgrupper och funktioner. Tack vare denna flexibilitet kan vi klara av arbetstoppar, akuta inhopp och snåra tidsramar med bibehållen hög kvalitet.
Vår strävan är att vara en arbetsplats där anställda stannar en längre tid för att de upplever sin arbets situation som givande och värdfull.
Miljöpolicy
På Suscito är vi måna om att i så stor utsträckning som möjligt ta vårt ansvar för vår gemensamma miljö genom att låta miljöhänsyn genomsyra alla beslut vi fattar i verksamheten. Vi arbetar aktivt för att minimera vår resursanvandning och för att driva företaget på ett hållbart sätt.
Besok oss gärna på vår hemsida eller Facebook:
www.suscito.se
www.facebook.com/suscito.se
Medarbetarpolicy
Våra medarbetare är den absolut viktigaste resursen. Alla ska ges sådant ansvar och befogenheter att man kanner arbetsglädje och engagemang för sina arbetsuppgifter, samtidigt som man ser framtida personliga utvecklingsmöjligheter. Alla nya medarbetare, vikarier och praktikanten skall känna sig välkomna och uppskattade på Suscito. Produktionsplanen som tas fram till varje ny medarbetare ska underlätta att komma igång i arbetet och att känna trygghet i teamet.
Vi tror på helhetsupplevelser.
När man kommunicerar ett varumärke är alla delar viktiga – men om de inte hänger ihop går helheten förlorad. Det innebär att alla bolag, företag och organisationer behöver kunna presentera sig tydligt, professionellt och tilltalande för att skapa rätt förväntningar och lönsamhet.
Vår filosofi är att arbeta långsiktigt – där ett samspel mellan kunskap, kompetens och kommunikation skapar dynamik och effekt för våra kunder. Vi erbjuder stöd, rådgivning och genomförande i allt från strategier och varumärkesutveckling, till webblösningar och kommunikationsdesign.
Suscito består av ett kreativt nätverk med kompetenser inom olika områden, som content marketing, copywriting, sökmotoroptimering och olika typer av IT-underhåll. Genom att lyfta in ytterligare resurser när det behövs, kan vi anpassa oss och skala upp vår insats efter behov. Allt för att skapa en dynamisk och effektiv kommunikation – från minsta detalj till övergripande strukturer.
Välkommen till Suscito.
www.suscito.se
Grönegatan 7, 222 24 Lund | <urn:uuid:57a4c03e-1bd3-4b89-b607-338184666881> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/swe_Latn/train | finepdfs | swe_Latn | 18,199 |
Extract from Hansard
p3303b-3303b
[ASSEMBLY — Tuesday, 14 May 2019]
Ms Libby Mettam; Mr Paul Papalia
TOURISM — DESTINATION MARKETING
5082. Ms L. Mettam to the Minister for Tourism:
I refer to Legislative Council Question Without Notice 190 answered on 2 April 2019, and I ask, with respect to the $10.118 million for administration expenses, can the Minister please list all expenses over $300,000 included in this figure?
Mr P. Papalia replied:
Expenses over $300,000 are:
$5.223 million corporate overheads;
$3.985 million marketing staff employment costs; and
$350 000 temporary personnel.
[
1] | <urn:uuid:4e5185fa-1404-4a96-8245-bc27f237eb5f> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 610 |
First Session, Thirty-eighth Parliament, 53 Elizabeth II, 2004
SENATE OF CANADA
Première session, trente-huitième législature, 53 Elizabeth II, 2004
SÉNAT DU CANADA
BILL S-15
PROJET DE LOI S-15
An Act to prevent unsolicited messages on the Internet
Loi visant à empêcher la diffusion sur l'Internet de messages non sollicités
FIRST READING, OCTOBER 20, 2004
PREMIÈRE LECTURE LE 20 OCTOBRE 2004
SUMMARY
This enactment provides for initiatives to control spam on the Internet.
It requires the Minister of Industry to initiate international consultation with other governments and report annually to Parliament on progress.
It allows the Minister to establish an Internet Consumer Protection Council or designate an existing body to fulfill the role of the Council. The Council will set standards for its members and for procedures to be used to reduce spam. No person may operate an Internet service provider business without being a member of the Council. If the Minister is not satisfied with the Council's operation, the Minister may appoint directors and pass by-laws to administer it.
Any person may give a notice, to the Minister or the body to which the Minister delegates the responsibility, that they wish to be on a "no-spam list", and persons sending spam must first check to see if the address is on the "no-spam list". The list will not be a public document and the Minister will only provide information as to whether an address is or is not on the list.
The enactment makes it an an offence to send spam to a person whose address is on the "no-spam list". However, the recipient must file a complaint with the Minister before any proceedings may be instituted.
Wherever a message is initiated, if it is received by a person in Canada it is deemed to have been sent to that person, and the act of sending it is deemed to have been carried out in Canada.
The enactment provides for offences and punishments that are more severe in respect of messages that involve pornography, explicit sexual activity or attempted fraud or that target children as receivers.
It establishes a cause of civil action in nuisance for sending excessive spam and deems damage to have been caused if the volume is sufficient to cause inconvenience.
All parliamentary publications are available on the Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire at the following address:
http://www.parl.gc.ca
SOMMAIRE
Le texte prévoit des mesures de lutte contre la diffusion de pourriels sur l'Internet.
Il exige que le ministre de l'Industrie consulte les gouvernements d'autres pays et fasse rapport des résultats chaque année au Parlement.
Il permet au ministre de constituer un Conseil de la protection des consommateurs sur Internet ou d'en confier la mission à un organisme existant. Le Conseil est chargé d'établir des normes applicables à ses membres ainsi que des procédures visant à réduire les pourriels. Seuls ses membres peuvent exploiter une entreprise de fournisseur de services Internet. S'il juge que l'administration du Conseil n'est pas satisfaisante, le ministre peut remplacer ses administrateurs et prendre des règlements administratifs régissant sa gestion.
Toute personne peut donner au ministre ou à l'organisme qu'il désigne un avis d'inscription à une liste anti-pourriel, et les personnes qui envoient des pourriels doivent s'assurer que l'adresse du destinataire ne figure pas sur la liste anti-pourriel. La liste n'est pas un document public, et le ministre peut uniquement indiquer si l'adresse figure ou non sur la liste.
Le texte érige en infraction le fait d'envoyer un courriel à une personne dont l'adresse figure sur la liste anti-pourriel. Le récipiendaire doit néanmoins déposer une plainte auprès du ministre avant qu'une procédure puisse être intentée.
Un message que reçoit une personne au Canada est réputé lui avoir été envoyé, et l'envoi est réputé provenir du Canada.
Le texte prévoit des infractions assorties de peines plus sévères si la pornographie, une activité sexuelle explicite, la tentative de fraude ou le ciblage des enfants sont en cause.
Il offre des recours judiciaires au civil pour nuisance dans les cas d'envois excessifs de pourriels, et les dommages sont présumés si la quantité de pourriels est telle qu'ils causent des inconvénients.
Toutes les publications parlementaires sont disponibles sur le réseau électronique « Parliamentary Internet Parlementaire » à l'adresse suivante :
http://www.parl.gc.ca
Preamble
Short title
Definitions
"address" « adresse »
1st Session, 38th Parliament, 53 Elizabeth II, 2004
THE SENATE OF CANADA
BILL S-15
An Act to prevent unsolicited messages on the Internet
WHEREAS the Internet is a national and international asset of great value in communication, education and research;
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AND WHEREAS the usefulness and efficiency of the Internet is threatened by large volumes of unsolicited messages that by their volume constitute a nuisance and waste time;
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AND WHEREAS many of these messages contain or offer pornographic material, advocate illegal activities or solicit or offer business that is of no interest to recipients; 9 10 11 12
AND WHEREAS Internet service providers have an ability to cooperate to control unwanted messages;
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AND WHEREAS, because of the international nature of the Internet, both international cooperation and the cooperation and regulation of Internet service providers in Canada are necessary to control the flow of such messages; 16 17 18 19 20 21
NOW, THEREFORE, Her Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate and House of Commons of Canada, enacts as follows: 22 23 24 25
1. This Act may be cited as the Spam Control Act.
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2. The definitions in this section apply in this Act.
"address" means an address to which email may be sent.
1 re session, 38 e législature, 53 Elizabeth II, 2004
SÉNAT DU CANADA
PROJET DE LOI S-15
Loi visant à empêcher la diffusion sur l'Internet de messages non sollicités
Attendu :
que l'Internet est une ressource nationale et internationale de grande valeur dans les domaines de la communication, de l'éducation et de la recherche;
que d'énormes volumes de messages non sollicités compromettent l'utilité et l'efficacité de l'Internet et constituent ainsi une nuisance et une perte de temps;
que bon nombre de ces messages contiennent ou offrent du matériel pornographique, encouragent des activités illégales ou sollicitent ou offrent des biens ou services qui n'intéressent aucunement les destinataires;
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que les fournisseurs de services Internet sont en mesure d'offrir leur collaboration dans la lutte contre les messages indésirables;
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que, vu le caractère international de l'Internet, tant une collaboration internationale que la coopération et la réglementation des fournisseurs de services Internet au Canada sont requises pour contrôler le flux de ces messages, 20 21 22 23 24 25
Sa Majesté, sur l'avis et avec le consentement du Sénat et de la Chambre des communes du Canada, édicte :
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1.
Titre abrégé : «
Loi anti-pourriel
».
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2. Les définitions qui suivent s'appliquent à la présente loi. 30 31 Définitions
30 31 « adresse » Adresse où un courriel peut être envoyé. 32 33 « adresse » "address"
Titre abrégé
Préambule
"Council"
« Conseil »
"e-mail"
« courriel »
"Internet"
« Internet »
"Internet service provider" « fournisseur de services Internet »
"Minister"
« ministre »
"no-spam list" « liste anti-pourriel »
"no-spam
« avis notice"
anti-pourriel »
"opt-out message" « message anti-pourriel »
"spam" « pourriel »
"spam filter" « filtre anti-pourriel »
"Council" means the Internet Consumer Protection Council incorporated by the Minister or the body designated by the Minister under subsection 4(2).
"e-mail" means a message from a sender to one or more recipients transmitted by the Internet.
"Internet" means the international electronic communication network known by that name.
"Internet service provider" or "provider" means a person who provides a service to give the public access to the Internet.
"Minister" means the Minister of Industry.
"no-spam list" means the list maintained under section 8.
"no-spam notice" means a notice given by the owner of an address that no spam should be sent to the address.
"opt-out message" means an instruction from the owner of an address
(a) to the sender of a message that the sender must not send any further messages to the address; or
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1 2 3 « avis anti-pourriel » Avis donné par le propriétaire d'une adresse dans lequel il demande de n'envoyer aucun pourriel à cette adresse.
5 6 7 8 « Conseil » Le Conseil de la protection des consommateurs sur Internet constitué par le ministre ou l'organisme désigné par ce dernier en vertu du paragraphe 4(2).
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9 10 11 « courriel » Message qu'un expéditeur envoie par l'Internet à une ou plusieurs personnes.
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« filtre anti-pourriel » Système de filtrage automatisé établi par un fournisseur de services Internet afin d'analyser les messages reçus, qui :
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(b) to the sender of a message who sends it on behalf of another person that the sender must advise the other person not to send any further messages to the address.
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"spam" means one or more unsolicited messages sent and received on the Internet, but does not include a message sent by a person to another person with whom they have an existing commercial or personal relationship. 30 31 32 33 34 35
"spam filter" means an electronic automated process that is established by an Internet service provider to analyze incoming messages and that
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(a) maintains the confidentiality of, and does not reveal to the provider or any person, the content of any message; and 40 41 42
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a) d'une part, assure la confidentialité du contenu des messages et n'en révèle aucun élément au fournisseur ou à d'autres personnes;
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b) évalue chaque message reçu pour déterminer s'il s'agit d'un pourriel et ce, à l'aide de facteurs déterminants qui peuvent comprendre les suivants : 20 21 22 23
(i) le message contient des mots ou images communément utilisés dans les pourriels, 24 25 26
(ii) il contient des mots ou images communément utilisés dans la pornographie,
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(iii) il a été envoyé par une personne ou un site figurant sur la liste, établie par le Conseil, des personnes ou des sites dont on sait qu'ils expédient du pourriel, 30 31 32 33 34
(iv) l'expéditeur du message n'est pas identifié au moyen d'une adresse valide, 35 36 37
(v) le destinataire du message n'est pas identifié correctement et personnellement ou est identifié comme membre d'une catégorie de destinataires d'un message, 38 39 40 41 42
(vi) l'expéditeur en est un avec qui le destinataire du message n'a jamais communiqué auparavant par l'entremise du fournisseur, 43 44 45 46
« avis anti-pourriel » "no-spam notice"
« Conseil »
"Council"
«
courriel
"e-mail"
»
2004
International consultation
(b) rates every incoming message to determine whether it is likely to be spam, using factors that may include the following:
(i) it contains words or images commonly found in spam,
(ii) it contains words or images commonly found in pornography,
(iii) it was sent by any person or site on a list, established by the Council, of persons or sites that are known to send spam,
(iv) the sender is not identified with a valid address,
(v) the intended recipient is not properly and individually identified or is identified only as a member of a class of recipients to whom a message is to be sent,
(vi) the sender is not a person to whom the intended recipient has previously communicated through the provider,
(vii) the sender is a person to whom the intended recipient has sent an opt-out message,
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(vii) l'expéditeur en est un à qui le destinataire du message a envoyé un message anti-pourriel,
(viii) le message semble offrir des biens ou services et ne donne pas au destinataire la possibilité d'envoyer un message anti-pourriel,
(ix) l'expéditeur est ou est présenté comme étant l'agent d'une personne qui a déposé une liste d'agents autorisés conformément à l'article 9 et il ne figure pas sur cette liste.
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13 14 15 « fournisseur de services Internet » ou « fournisseur » Personne qui fournit un service permettant au public d'avoir accès à l'Internet. 13 14 15 16
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« Internet » Le réseau de communication électronique mondial qui est désigné comme tel.
20 « liste anti-pourriel » La liste prévue à l'article 8. 20 21
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« ministre » Le ministre de l'Industrie.
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(viii) the message appears to offer goods or services and does not provide for the intended recipient to send an opt-out message, and
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(ix) the sender is or purports to be an agent of a person who has filed a list of authorized agents under section 9 and the sender is not on that list. 30 31 32 33
« message anti-pourriel » Directive du propriétaire d'une adresse qui est :
a) soit adressée à l'expéditeur d'un message pour l'informer qu'il ne doit plus envoyer de messages à cette adresse;
b) soit adressée à l'expéditeur d'un message qui envoie le message au nom d'une autre personne, afin de l'informer qu'il doit aviser cette dernière de ne plus envoyer de messages à cette adresse.
« pourriel » Un ou plusieurs messages non sollicités envoyés et reçus sur l'Internet, à l'exception des message qu'une personne envoie à une autre personne avec qui elle a des relations commerciales ou personnelles.
3. (1) The Minister shall initiate consultation with officials of governments of the provinces and of other countries with the objects of
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(a) sharing information on means to control spam and on persons who are identified as senders of spam;
34 35 36 3. (1) Le ministre procède à des consultations avec les représentants des gouvernements des provinces et d'autres pays en vue :
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« fournisseur de services Internet » "Internet service provider"
« Internet » "Internet"
« liste anti-pourriel » "no-spam list"
« ministre »
"Minister"
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a) de partager de l'information sur les moyens de réduire les pourriels et sur les personnes reconnues comme expéditeurs de pourriels;
(b) finding new ways to control and limit the flow of spam; and
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(c) cooperating in law enforcement activities related to the misuse of the Internet for illegal purposes or the sending of spam. 43 44 45 46
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b) de trouver de nouvelles façons de contrôler et de restreindre le flux de pourriels; 45 46 47
c) de collaborer aux activités d'application de la loi destinées à lutter contre l'utilisation de l'Internet à des fins illégales ou l'envoi de pourriels. 48 49 50 51
« pourriel »
"spam"
Consultation internationale
Annual report
Referral to committee
Consultation with Association
Incorporation or designation
Objects
(2) The Minister shall prepare a report of activities under subsection (1) and subsection 5(8) in respect of every year and shall cause it to be laid before each House of Parliament on any of the first five days on which that House sits after April 1 of the following year.
(3) Every report under subsection (2) that is laid before a House is deemed to be referred to the standing committee of that House that normally deals with matters under the administration of the Minister.
4. (1) The Minister shall, after consultation with the Canadian Association of Internet Providers, determine the most effective way to
(a) establish a body to carry out the duties of the Council under this Act; or
1 2 3 4 5 6 (2) Le ministre établit un rapport des activités visées aux paragraphes (1) et 5(8) pour chaque année et le fait déposer devant chaque chambre du Parlement dans les cinq premiers jours de séance de celle-ci suivant le 1 er avril de l'année suivante.
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8 9 10 11 12 (3) Le rapport visé au paragraphe (2) est, une fois déposé devant chaque chambre du Parlement, renvoyé d'office au comité permanent de celle-ci normalement chargé de traiter des questions relevant de la compétence du ministre.
13 14 15 16 17 18 4. (1) Après consultation de l'Association canadienne des fournisseurs d'internet, le ministre détermine la façon la plus efficace de constituer une entité pour exercer les fonctions du Conseil prévues par la présente loi ou de confier ces fonctions à une entité existante.
(b) assign those duties to an existing body.
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(2) For the purposes of this Act, the Minister may 20 21
(a) cause to be incorporated under an Act of Parliament a body without share capital to be known as the Internet Consumer Protection Council; or
(b) designate an existing body to act as and fulfill the duties provided for the Council under this Act.
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(3) The objects of the Council are
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(a) to represent the interests of all Internet service providers in Canada and their customers by 30 31 32
(i) promoting cooperation among its members to control and reduce spam,
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(ii) regulating the operations of its members in the interests of their customers, and 35 36 37
(iii) advising the Minister on matters relating to service to the public through the Internet, including the prevention of misuse of the Internet and the control and reduction of spam; and 38 39 40 41 42
(b) to cooperate in the development and approval of spam filters or other means of controlling spam for use by all Internet service providers. 43 44 45 46
(2) Pour l'application de la présente loi, le ministre peut : 20 21 Constitution ou désignation
a) soit faire constituer, par une loi du Parlement, une personne morale sans capitalactions dénommée « Conseil de la protection des consommateurs sur Internet »; 22 23 24 25
b) soit désigner une entité existante pour remplir le rôle et les fonctions dévolus au Conseil sous le régime de la présente loi.
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(3) Le Conseil a pour mission :
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a) de représenter les intérêts de tous les fournisseurs de services Internet au Canada et de leurs clients : 30 31 32
(i) en favorisant la collaboration de ses membres en vue de contrôler et de réduire les pourriels, 33 34 35
(ii) en réglementant les activités de ses membres dans l'intérêt de leurs clients,
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(iii) en donnant des avis au ministre sur les questions concernant le service au public par l'entremise de l'Internet, y compris la prévention de l'utilisation abusive de l'Internet ainsi que le contrôle et la réduction des pourriels;
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b) de collaborer à la création et à l'approbation de filtres anti-pourriel ou d'autres modes de contrôle des pourriels en vue de leur utilisation par les fournisseurs de services Internet. 44 45 46 47 48
Fees (4) The Council may charge fees for membership.
47 48 (4) Le Conseil peut exiger des droits d'adhésion à titre de membre.
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Rapport annuel
Renvoi en comité
Consultation de l'Association
Mission
Droits d'adhésion
Non profit operation
Members
Idem
Directors
Interim directors
By-laws of incorporated body
Designated body
(5) The Council shall operate on a notfor-profit basis.
5. (1) The Council shall admit as a member anyone nominated by the Minister under paragraph (6)(b) and anyone who is required to be a member in order to permit an Internet service provider to comply with section 7.
(2) The Council may admit as a member anyone described in paragraphs 7(b) or (c) who is not required to be a member in order to permit an Internet service provider to comply with section 7, but who wishes to be a member.
(3) The Council shall be administered by a board of not less than seven directors.
(4) If the Minister establishes a body under paragraph 4(2)(a), the Minister shall, within 90 days after the coming into force of this Act, appoint seven persons knowledgeable about the Internet, of whom at least four shall be Internet service providers, to act as the first members and interim directors of the Council.
(5) If a body is established under paragraph 4(2)(a), the Minister shall, in consultation with the interim directors, establish by regulation the initial by-laws of the Council, which shall include a requirement to elect directors from among its members every year, the first election to be held within a year after the coming into force of this Act.
(6) If the Minister designates an existing body to act as the Council under paragraph 4(2)(b),
1 (5) Le Conseil exerce ses activités sans but lucratif.
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23 4 5 6 7 5. (1) Le Conseil admet à titre de membre toute personne proposée par le ministre en vertu de l'alinéa (6)b) et quiconque est tenu d'être membre afin que soient remplies les exigences de l'article 7.
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9 10 11 12 13 (2) Le Conseil peut admettre à titre de membre quiconque est visé aux alinéas 7b) ou c) qui, même s'il n'est pas tenu d'être membre afin que soient remplies les exigences de l'article 7, souhaite l'être. 8 9 10 11 12
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15 16 (3) Le Conseil est géré par un conseil d'administration composé d'au moins sept administrateurs.
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17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 (4) Si le ministre constitue une personne morale en vertu de l'alinéa 4(2)a), il nomme, dans les quatre-vingt-dix jours suivant l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi, sept personnes qui possèdent des connaissances en matière d'Internet — dont au moins quatre sont des fournisseurs de services Internet — pour devenir les premiers membres et administrateurs provisoires du Conseil.
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 (5) Si le ministre constitue une personne morale en vertu de l'alinéa 4(2)a), il établit par règlement, en consultation avec les administrateurs provisoires, les premiers règlements administratifs du Conseil, qui prévoient notamment l'exigence d'élire chaque année les administrateurs parmi ses membres et l'exigence de tenir la première élection dans l'année suivant l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi.
33 34 35 (6) Si le ministre désigne, en vertu de l'alinéa 4(2)b), une entité existante pour assumer le rôle du Conseil;
(a) the Minister shall be satisfied that the constitution and by-laws of the body are compatible with the body acting as the Council under this Act; and
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(b) one of the directors of the body shall be a person nominated by the Minister. 40 41
a) il doit s'assurer que la constitution et les règlements administratifs de cette entité sont compatibles avec ceux de l'entité qui exerce ce rôle aux termes de la présente loi; 38 39 40 41 42
b) l'un des administrateurs de l'entité est la personne proposée par le ministre.
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Sans but lucratif
Membres
Administrateurs
Administrateurs provisoires
Règlements administratifs de la personne morale
Règlements administratifs de l'entité désignée
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By-laws (7) The Council, with the approval of the Minister, may adopt by-laws
(a) for the governance of its administration, functions and procedures;
(b) setting standards for spam filters; and
(c) for regulating the ethical behaviour of its members as Internet service providers.
(8) The Minister may at any time, if not satisfied with the administration of the Council or its success in achieving its objects, remove and replace any director of the Council or establish, repeal or amend any by-law of the Council, or revoke a designation made under paragraph 4(2)(b).
6. The Council shall not refuse or terminate the membership of a person who is or represents an Internet service provider, unless the person or provider
(a) is convicted of an offence under this Act;
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1 2 (7) Le Conseil peut, avec l'approbation du ministre, prendre des règlements administratifs pour :
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a) régir son administration, ses fonctions et ses procédures,
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b) établir les normes applicables aux filtres anti-pourriel;
c) réglementer le comportement éthique de ses membres en tant que fournisseurs de services Internet.
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14 (8) Le ministre peut, s'il juge que l'administration du Conseil ou l'exécution de sa mission n'est pas satisfaisante, révoquer et remplacer tout administrateur du Conseil ou établir, abroger ou modifier tout règlement administratif du Conseil, ou révoquer toute désignation faite en vertu de l'alinéa 4(2)b).
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15 16 17 18 6. Le Conseil ne peut refuser ni annuler l'adhésion d'une personne qui est ou représente un fournisseur de services Internet, sauf si la personne ou le fournisseur : 18 19 20 21
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a) est reconnu coupable d'une infraction à la présente loi;
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(b) is convicted of an offence under the Criminal Code related to the use of the Internet; or
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(c) contravenes a by-law of the Council that, under the by-laws, is one for which contravention is grounds for termination of membership. 24 25 26 27
b) est reconnu coupable d'une infraction au Code criminel liée à l'utilisation de l'Internet; 24 25 26
c) contrevient à un règlement administratif du Conseil qui, selon ce texte, prévoit l'annulation de l'adhésion en cas d'infraction.
7. No person shall own or operate a business that renders or offers the services of an Internet service provider unless
(a) if the person is an individual, the person is a member of the Council;
(b) if the person is a corporation or society, one of its directors is a member of the Council; or
(c) if the person is a partnership or unincorporated business, one of its partners or proprietors is a member of the Council.
8. (1) The Minister shall, within 180 days after the day on which this Act comes into force, establish and maintain a no-spam list.
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28 29 30 7. Il est interdit à quiconque de posséder ou d'exploiter une entreprise qui fournit ou offre les services d'un fournisseur de services Internet, sauf si :
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a) dans le cas d'un particulier, il est membre du Conseil; 35 36
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b) dans le cas d'une personne morale ou d'une société, un de ses administrateurs est membre du Conseil;
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c) dans le cas d'une société de personnes ou d'une entreprise non dotée de la personnalité morale, un de ses associés ou propriétaires est membre du Conseil. 40 41 42 43
8. (1) Dans les 180 jours suivant l'entrée en vigueur de la présente loi, le ministre établit une liste anti-pourriel qu'il tient à jour par la suite. 44 45 46 47 Liste anti-pourriel
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Action by replace
Minister to directors
No restriction of membership
Membership compulsory
No-spam list
Règlements administratifs
Remplacement des administrateurs
Aucune restriction
Membres obligatoires
Notice filed
Advance check
Means for checking
No addresses provided
Confidentiality
List of mailing agents
Information
Delegation to other body
Offences by e-mail senders
(2) Any person who is the owner of an address may file with the Minister a no-spam notice in the form and manner prescribed by the Minister.
(3) No person shall send spam to an address unless the person has first determined, from the Minister or the body to which the Minister's responsibilities under this section are delegated, that the address is not on the no-spam list.
(4) The Minister shall establish electronic means for allowing a person to make the determination required by subsection (3).
(5) The means established under subsection (4) shall not provide any address to the person.
(6) The no-spam list is not a public document and the Minister shall not reveal to any person the identity or address of any other person who files a no-spam notice.
9. (1) Every person who authorizes an agent to send e-mail on their behalf must promptly notify the Minister
1 2 3 4 (2) Tout propriétaire d'une adresse peut déposer un avis anti-pourriel auprès du ministre selon les modalités établies par celuici.
5 6 7 8 9 10 (3) Il est interdit à quiconque d'envoyer un pourriel à une adresse à moins d'avoir vérifié, auprès du ministre ou de l'entité à qui le ministre a délégué ses responsabilités aux termes du présent article, que l'adresse ne figure pas sur la liste anti-pourriel.
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11 12 13 (4) Le ministre établit un moyen électronique permettant aux intéressés de faire la vérification prévue au paragraphe (3).
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14 15 16 (5) Le moyen électronique visé au paragraphe (4) ne peut fournir aucune adresse à la personne qui fait la vérification. 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 (6) La liste anti-pourriel n'est pas un document public et le ministre ne peut divulguer à quiconque l'identité ou l'adresse des personnes qui déposent un avis anti-pourriel. 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 9. (1) Quiconque autorise un agent à envoyer un courriel en son nom doit aviser le ministre sans délai :
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(a) that the agent is so authorized; and
(b) if the authorization is terminated, of the date of termination. 25 26
24 a) du nom de l'agent autorisé; b) si l'autorisation est révoquée, de la date de la révocation. 24 25 26
(2) The Minister shall make available to the Council and its members the information the Minister receives under subsection (1).
27 28 29 (2) Le ministre met à la disposition du Conseil et de ses membres les renseignements qu'il reçoit en application du paragraphe (1).
10. The Minister may delegate the Minister's responsibilities under sections 8, 9 and 16 to any board, commission or agency of the Government of Canada that is accountable to the Minister.
30 31 32 33 34 10. Le ministre peut déléguer les responsabilités qui lui incombent aux termes des articles 8, 9 et 16 à tout office, conseil, commission ou agence du gouvernement du Canada qui relève de lui.
11. (1) Every person commits an offence who 35 36
11. (1) Commet une infraction quiconque :
(a) sends spam to an address
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(i) that is on the no-spam list, or
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(ii) in respect of which the owner has sent an opt-out message to the person sending the message or to a person whom the person represents in sending the message; 39 40 41 42 43
(b) sends spam to an address without determining whether the address is on the no-spam list; 44 45 46
(c) sends spam that does not contain a means for the recipient to send an opt-out message;
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a
) envoie un pourriel à une adresse :
(i) soit qui figure sur la liste anti- pourriel;
(ii) soit dont le propriétaire a envoyé à
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l'expéditeur ou à son agent un message
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anti-pourriel;
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b) envoie un pourriel à une adresse sans vérifier si celle-ci figure ou non sur la liste anti-pourriel; 44 45 46
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c) envoie un pourriel qui ne donne pas au destinataire la possibilité d'envoyer un message anti-pourriel;
Dépôt d'un avis
Vérification préalable
Moyens de vérification
Aucune adresse fournie
Confidentialité
Liste des agents
Renseignements
Délégation
Infractions expéditeurs de courriels
Complaint must be filed
Offences by Internet service providers
Penalties
(d) sends spam that does not show the address of the sender;
(e) sends spam that offers goods or services on behalf of another person without showing the identity of the other person;
(f) sends spam that offers goods or services and contains a false statement about the goods or services or the identity or address of the sender or another person on behalf of whom the sender is acting; or
(g) sells, trades or offers to sell or trade or uses any means to collect or obtain addresses from the Internet for the purpose of enabling any person to send spam to those addresses.
(2) No proceedings shall be instituted in respect of an offence under any of paragraphs (1)(a) to (f) unless the recipient files with the Minister a complaint respecting the spam in the form and manner prescribed by the Minister.
12. Every Internet service provider commits an offence who
(a) is an accessory to an offence under paragraphs 11(1)(a) to (f);
(b) is an accessory to an offence under paragraph 11(1)(g);
(c) fails to install a spam filter that complies with standards set in the by-laws of the Council;
(d) fails to use reasonable efforts to prevent spam from going to the provider's customers, and in the case of a provider who does not follow the standards of the Council, the onus is on that provider to show that reasonable efforts were used; or
(e) knowingly provides false information to the Council or the Minister in a matter related to the Internet or the administration of this Act.
13.
(1) A person who commits an offence to a fine not exceeding $500.
under section 11 or 12 is liable on conviction
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g) vend, échange, offre de vendre ou d'échanger, ou recueille ou obtient par tout moyen des adresses Internet en vue de permettre à une personne d'envoyer des pourriels à ces adresses. 12 13 14 15 16
16 17 18 19 20 21 (2) Une procédure ne peut être intentée pour une infraction prévue à l'un des alinéas (1)a) à f) que si le récipiendaire dépose auprès du ministre une plainte à l'égard du pourriel sous la forme et de la manière prévues par le ministre. 17 18 19 20 21 22
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12. Commet une infraction tout fournisseur de services Internet qui, selon le cas :
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a) est complice d'une infraction prévue aux alinéas 11(1)a) à f); 25 26
b) est complice d'une infraction prévue à l'alinéa 11(1)f);
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c) omet d'installer un filtre anti-pourriel conforme aux normes établies par règlement administratif du Conseil; 29 30 31
d) ne fait pas des efforts raisonnables pour empêcher la diffusion de pourriels à ses clients et, dans le cas où le fournisseur ne respecte pas les normes établies par le Conseil, il a le fardeau de démontrer qu'il a fait des efforts raisonnables; 32 33 34 35 36 37
e) donne sciemment de faux renseignements au Conseil ou au ministre sur toute question liée à l'Internet ou à l'application de la présente loi. 38 39 40 41
41 42 43 13. (1) Quiconque commet une infraction prévue aux articles 11 ou 12 est passible, sur déclaration de culpabilité, d'une amende maximale de cinq cents dollars. 42 43 44 45
d) envoie un pourriel qui n'indique pas l'adresse de l'expéditeur;
e) envoie un pourriel qui offre des biens ou services au nom d'une autre personne sans indiquer l'identité de cette personne;
f) envoie un pourriel qui offre des biens ou services et contient une fausse déclaration au sujet de ces biens ou services ou au sujet de l'identité ou de l'adresse de l'expéditeur ou d'une autre personne pour laquelle ce dernier agit;
Dépôt d'une plainte
Infractions — fournisseurs de services Internet
Peines
Greater penalty in certain cases
Children
Forbidden to operate business
(2) A person who commits an offence under any of paragraphs 11(1)(a) to (f) or 12(a) is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $1,000, or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding six months, or to both, if the spam contains
1 2 3 4 5 6 (2) Quiconque commet une infraction prévue à l'un des alinéas 11(1)a) à f) et 12a) est passible, sur déclaration de culpabilité, d'une amende maximale de mille dollars et d'un emprisonnement maximal de six mois, ou de l'une de ces peines, si le pourriel contient l'un ou l'autre des éléments suivants :
(a) material that is child pornography within the meaning of section 163.1 of the Criminal Code;
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a) de la pornographie juvénile au sens de l'article 163.1 du Code criminel;
(b) a depiction of explicit sexual activity; or 10 11
(c) a message that constitutes an attempt to defraud the recipient.
b
)
une représentation
d'une activité
sexuelle explicite;
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c) une tentative de frauder le destinataire.
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(3) A person who commits an offence referred to in subsection (2) in the circumstances described in that subsection is liable on conviction to a fine not exceeding $5,000, or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one year, or to both, if the spam was
(a) designed to be attractive specifically to children; 20 21
14 15 16 17 18 19 (3) Quiconque commet une infraction visée au paragraphe (2) est passible, sur déclaration de culpabilité, d'une amende maximale de cinq mille dollars et d'un emprisonnement maximal d'un an, ou de l'une de ces peines, s'il est démontré que le pourriel, selon le cas :
(b) directed to any educational institution that is not a post-secondary institution; or
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a) était conçu pour attirer spécifiquement les enfants;
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(c) directed to an address at which the sender had reason to believe children were likely to see the spam. 24 25 26
(4) In the case of a person convicted of an offence referred to in subsection (2) committed in the circumstances described in that subsection the court may order, and in the case of a person convicted of an offence referred to in subsection (3) committed in the circumstances described in that subsection the court shall order, that the person be prohibited, for a period not exceeding two years, from 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
(a) being the owner, director, partner, employee or shareholder of an Internet service provider; or
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(b) communicating by e-mail with any person for any commercial purpose. 40 41
b) visait un établissement d'enseignement autre qu'un établissement d'enseignement post-secondaire;
c) était destiné à une adresse où l'expéditeur avait des motifs de croire que des enfants pourraient voir le pourriel.
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(4) Le tribunal peut interdire à la personne déclarée coupable d'une infraction visée au paragraphe (2), et doit interdire à la personne déclarée coupable d'une infraction visée au paragraphe (3), pour une période maximale de deux ans:
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a) d'être propriétaire, administrateur, associé, employé ou actionnaire d'un fournisseur de services Internet; 35 36 37
b) de communiquer par courriel avec toute personne dans un but commercial.
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Peine plus sévère dans certains cas
Enfants
Interdiction d'exploiter une entreprise
Directors'
punishment
Deeming provision
Providers banning senders not liable
Reasonable grounds
Agents
Canceling authority to act
Not liable
(5) Where a corporation or partnership is convicted of an offence under this section, the court may, in addition to imposing a fine on the corporation or partnership, convict any person who is a director, partner or officer of the corporation or partnership of the same offence, if the court finds that the person ordered the act for which the corporation or partnership was convicted, or knew that it was going to be carried out and tolerated it.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 (5) Si une personne morale ou une société de personnes est déclarée coupable d'une infraction visée au présent article, le tribunal peut, en sus de toute amende qui lui est imposée, déclarer coupable de la même infraction toute personne qui en est un administrateur, un associé ou un dirigeant s'il conclut que la personne a ordonné l'acte pour lequel la personne morale ou la société de personnes a été déclarée coupable, ou qu'elle a toléré que l'acte soit posé. 1 2 10 11
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14. If a person initiates spam from any place in a manner that allows it to be received in Canada, and it is received by another person in Canada, then, for the purposes of section 11,
11 12 13 14 15 14. Pour l'application de l'article 11, si une personne, où qu'elle se trouve, est à l'origine d'un pourriel qui peut être reçu au Canada et que reçoit une autre personne au Canada : 12 13 14 15 16
(a) the person who initiated the spam is deemed to have sent it to the other person, whether or not the person had a specific intent that the other person should receive it, and whether it was initiated within or outside Canada; and 16 17 18 19 20 21
a) la personne à l'origine du pourriel est réputée l'avoir envoyé à l'autre personne, qu'elle ait eu ou non l'intention expresse que cette autre personne le reçoive et que le message ait son origine au Canada ou ailleurs; 17 18 19 20 21 22
(b) the act of sending is deemed to have been effected in Canada.
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15. (1) An Internet service provider who refuses or cancels service or access to any person who has committed an offence under this Act or who has, on more than one occasion, sent to the provider a message that the provider has reasonable grounds to believe is spam, is not liable to that person for any loss or damage arising from the refusal or cancellation.
(2) An Internet service provider has reasonable grounds to believe that a message is spam if the message fails to pass a spam filter approved by the Council.
16. (1) If an agent is convicted of an offence under this Act, the Minister may send a notice to anyone who has advised the Minister of an authorization under section 9 that is still valid, requiring the cancellation of the authorization.
(2) A person who has, by any means, authorized an agent to send messages on their behalf and who receives a notice respecting the agent from the Minister under subsection (1) shall terminate the authorization forthwith.
(3) No person who cancels an authorization because of a requirement arising under subsection (2) is liable to the agent for any loss or damage arising from the cancellation.
b) le message est réputé provenir du Canada.
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24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 15. (1) Le fournisseur de services Internet qui refuse ou annule ses services ou l'accès à une personne qui a commis une infraction à la présente loi ou qui a, plus d'une fois, envoyé au fournisseur un message qui donne à ce dernier des motifs raisonnables de croire qu'il s'agit de pourriel n'est pas responsable des pertes ou des dommages-intérêts découlant du refus ou de l'annulation.
33 34 35 36 (2) Le fournisseur a des motifs raisonnables de croire qu'un message est un pourriel si le message est bloqué par un filtre antipourriel approuvé par le Conseil.
25 26 27 28 29 Nonresponsabilité des fournisseurs qui refusent leurs services à un expéditeur
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37 38 39 40 41 16. (1) Si un agent est reconnu coupable d'une infraction à la présente loi, le ministre peut envoyer à la personne qui l'a avisé de l'autorisation mentionné à l'article 9 un avis exigeant la révocation de l'autorisation.
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43 44 45 46 47 (2) La personne qui a, de quelque façon, autorisé un agent à envoyer des messages en son nom et qui reçoit du ministre l'avis visé au paragraphe (1) concernant cet agent doit sans délai révoquer l'autorisation. 43 44 45 46 47
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Motifs raisonnables
Agents
Révocation de l'autorisation
Nonresponsabilité
Adminis- peine
trateurs —
Présomption
Cause of action
Deemed damage
Confidentiality
Confidentiality
Coming into force
17. (1) Any person, including an Internet service provider, who receives spam in contravention of this Act in quantities that cause significant inconvenience may bring an action in nuisance in a court of competent jurisdiction against the sender, for damages or any other relief the court considers appropriate, including an injunction.
(2) A person who receives spam in quantities that, in the opinion of the court, causes significant inconvenience, is deemed to have suffered damage without it being specifically proved, and the court may award both general and punitive damages.
18. (1) Nothing in this Act authorizes an Internet service provider to communicate the contents of a message received by the provider to the Council, the Minister or any other person.
(2) Nothing in this Act authorizes an Internet service provider to communicate the contents of a message received by the provider
(a) except as necessary, in the normal course of the administration of their business, to deliver the message to the addressee or return it to the sender;
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17. (1) Toute personne, notamment un fournisseur de services Internet, qui reçoit, contrairement à la présente loi, des pourriels en quantité telle qu'ils lui causent des inconvénients importants peut, dans un recours intenté contre l'expéditeur devant un tribunal compétent, réclamer des dommages-intérêts ou tout autre redressement approprié, y compris une injonction.
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INFINITE PRODUCTS OF SUBSTOCHASTIC MATRICES
NORMAN JAY PULLMAN
INFINITE PRODUCTS OF SUBSTOCHASTIC MATRICES
N. J. PULLMAN
This paper is about two types of infinite products of substochastic matrices \(\{A_j\}\) namely: the left product defined by the sequence of left partial products \(A_1, A_2A_1, A_3A_2A_1, \ldots\); and the right product defined by the sequence of right partial products \(A_1, A_1A_2, A_1A_2A_3, \ldots\).
The basic theorem is that if the \(A_n\) are each \(\infty\) by \(\infty\) then:
a. There is a nonempty set \(E\) of substochastic sequences each of which (except possibly the zero sequence, 0) is the componentwise limit of a sequence of rows, one from each left partial product;
b. Any sequence \(\{\rho_n\}\) of rows, one from each left partial product, can be approximated by a sequence of convex combinations \(\{c_n\}\) of points of \(E\) (that is, \(\{\rho_n - c_n\}\) converges componentwise to the zero sequence), and c. \(E = \{0\}\) if and only if every sequence of rows, one from each left partial product, converges to 0.
Similar conclusions follow immediately for the right product of \(\infty\) by \(\infty\) doubly substochastic matrices.
The asymptotic behaviour of the right product of a special class of \(\{A_n\}\) is also considered.
The finite case (that is, when all the \(A_n\) are \(r\) by \(r\)) for stochastic \(A_n\) is treated independently for convenience, even though the result in this case (Theorem 1) is actually a direct consequence of the basic Theorem 1'. Its conclusion is that there is an \(m\) by \(r\) stochastic matrix \(A\) with \(1 \leq m \leq r\) and permutation matrices \(Q_n\) such that
a. if \(m < r\) then for some stochastic \(r - m\) by \(m\) matrices \(C_n\):
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} \left\{ A_nA_{n-1} \cdots A_1 - Q_n \begin{pmatrix} A \\ C_nA \end{pmatrix} \right\} = 0
\]
and b. if \(m = r\) then
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} \{A_nA_{n-1} \cdots A_1 - Q_nA\} = 0 .
\]
Some results on fixed points are obtained in the finite case which carry over, in restricted form, to the infinite case.
A real matrix is said to be stochastic if none of its entries is negative and each of its row sums is 1. Two types of infinite products which arise naturally from a given sequence \(\{A_n\}\) of stochastic matrices are those whose \(n\)th partial products are \(R_n = A_1A_2 \cdots A_n\) and \(L_n = A_nA_{n-1} \cdots A_1\) respectively. We'll call the sequence \(\{R_n\}\) the right
Received October 9, 1964.
product and the sequence \(\{L_n\}\) the left product of the \(A_n\).
The right product is of interest in the theory of Markov chains with possibly nonstationary transition probabilities because if \(A_n\) is the matrix of probabilities \(a_{ij}^{(n)}\) of transition from state \(i\) at time \(n-1\) to state \(j\) at time \(n\) then the \(ij\)th entry \(r_{ij}^{(n)}\) of \(R_n\) is the probability of transition to state \(j\) at time \(n\) from state \(i\) at time 0.
The left product has a similar interpretation: \(l_{ij}^{(n)}\) is the probability of transition from state \(i\) at time \(-n\) to state \(j\) at time 0.
We shall obtain theorems on the asymptotic behaviour of these partial products and on their fixed points. For example if the \(A_n\) are \(\infty\) by \(\infty\) stochastic matrices we can show that there is a sequence of rows, one from each \(L_n\), which converges componentwise.
The finite and infinite cases are treated separately for clarity.
**Definition.** A *permutation matrix* is a matrix of zeroes and ones which exactly one 1 in each row and each column.
**Theorem 1.** If \(L_n = A_n A_{n-1} \cdots A_1\) and each \(A_n\) is an \(r\) by \(r\) stochastic matrix then there exists an \(m\) by \(r\) stochastic matrix \(A\) with \(1 \leq m \leq r\), \(r\) by \(r\) permutation matrices \(Q_n\) and, if \(m < r\), stochastic \(r - m\) by \(m\) matrices \(C_n\) such that:
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} \| L_n - Q_n \begin{pmatrix} A \\ C_n A \end{pmatrix} \| = 0 \quad \text{if} \quad m < r \quad \text{and}
\]
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} \| L_n - Q_n A \| = 0 \quad \text{if} \quad m = r.
\]
**Proof.** Let \(S\) be the convex hull of the basis vectors \(v_1 = (1, 0, 0, \cdots, 0)\), \(v_2 = (0, 1, 0, \cdots, 0)\), \(\cdots\), \(v_r = (0, 0, 0, \cdots, 1)\). Each \((S)L_n\) is a convex polytope (that is, the convex hull of \(p\) points), these polytopes are nested (that is, \((S)L_{n+1} \subseteq (S)L_n\) for all \(n\)) and none of them has more than \(r\) vertices (a point \(x\) of a polytope is a *vertex* if it is on no open line segment contained in the polytope). It can be shown that the intersection of such a family of convex polytopes is a convex polytope of \(r\) or fewer vertices. Let \(K = \bigcap_{n \geq 1} (S)L_n\) and denote its vertices by \(k_1, \ldots, k_m\). Let \(A\) be the \(m\) by \(r\) matrix whose \(i\)th row is \(k_i\). Let \(v_t^{(n)}\) denote \((v_t)L_n\). For each \(n\) and each \(t \leq m\) there is a \(v_t^{(n)}\) such that \(k_t = \lim_{n \to \infty} v_t^{(n)}\). We can assume that for each \(n\) there are only \(m\) such \(v_t^{(n)}\) so chosen. If \(m < r\) extend the definition of \(i_t\) so that \(\{v_t^{(n)} : m < t \leq r\}\) is the set of \(v_t^{(n)}\) not already chosen. \(Q_n\) is the matrix \((q_{ij}^{(n)})\) for which \(q_{it}^{(n)}\) is 1 if \(i = i_t\) and is 0 otherwise. If \(m < r\) and \(t > m\) let \(k_t^{(n)}\) be the point of \(K\) closest to \(v_t^{(n)}\). Since \(K\) is convex, \(k_t^{(n)}\) is a convex combination, \(\sum_{j=1}^m c_{tj}^{(n)} k_j\), of the vertices \(K\). Therefore \(C_n = (c_{tj}^{(n)})\) is an \(r - m\) by \(m\) stochastic matrix and \(k_t^{(n)} = (v_t) \begin{pmatrix} A \\ C_n A \end{pmatrix}\) for each \(m < t \leq r\). Consequently \((v_t)Q_n \begin{pmatrix} A \\ C_n A \end{pmatrix} = (v_t) \begin{pmatrix} A \\ C_n A \end{pmatrix}\) if \(m < r\).
$m < r$ and $(v_t)Q_nA = (v_t)A$ if $m = r$. Theorem 1 then follows from the fact that $\lim_{n \to \infty} v^{(m)}_t = k_t$ if $1 \leq t \leq m$ and $\lim_{n \to \infty} v^{(m)}_t - k^{(m)}_t = 0$ if $t > m$.
Notice that $\lim_{n \to \infty} L_n = \begin{pmatrix} k_1 \\ k_1 \\ \vdots \\ k_1 \end{pmatrix}$ if $m = 1$ because $K$ then consists of the one vertex $k_i$.
**Definition.** A sequence $\{P_n\}$ of $r$ by $r$ matrices is *descending* if and only if $(S)P_{n+1} \subseteq (S)P_n$ for all $n$ sufficiently large. ($S$ is as in the proof of Theorem 1). As a first corollary to Theorem 1 we have: $m, Q_n, A$ and $C_n$ (if $m < r$) such that $\lim_{n \to \infty} \| P_n - Q_n \begin{pmatrix} A \\ C_nA \end{pmatrix} \| = 0$ if $m < r$ and $\lim_{n \to \infty} \| P_n - Q_nA \| = 0$ if $m = r$, for all descending sequences because each such sequence (with the first $N$ terms omitted) is the left product of some sequence of stochastic matrices. (All left products of stochastic matrices are, of course, descending sequences.) Another immediate corollary concerns doubly stochastic matrices (that is, stochastic matrices whose transposes are also stochastic). We shall state the corollary emphasizing the matrix entries for variety’s sake.
**Corollary 2.** If $\{A_n\}$ is a sequence of doubly stochastic $r$ by $r$ matrices and $R_n = A_1A_2 \cdots A_n$ then there exists an $m$ by $r$ stochastic matrix $A$ with $1 \leq m \leq r$ and permutations $q_n$ of the $r$ indices such that for each $1 \leq j \leq r$:
(a) if $1 \leq q_n(i) \leq m$, $\lim_{n \to \infty} (r^{(n)}_{ji} - a_{q_n(i)j}) = 0$ and if $m < r$ there exist $r - m$ by $m$ stochastic matrices $C_n$ such that
(b) if $m < q_n(i) \leq r$ then:
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} (r^{(n)}_{ji} - \sum_{k=1}^m c^{(n)}q_n(i)k^ak_j) = 0.$$
Some examples of $\{A_n\}$ with descending right products are provided by all those sequences of stochastic matrices $\{A_n\}$ which commute pairwise within a row permutation (i.e. $A_nA_{n'} = Q_{nn'}A_{n'}A_n$ for some permutation matrix $Q_{nn'}$). Because of their connection with Markov chains we shall investigate descending right products further. We’ll impose further conditions on the $A_n$ which are not too stringent but which give additional information about the $C_n$ of Theorem 1. While doing so we acquire some information on the fixed points of $A_n$ and $R_n$.
**Definition.** $B$ occurs frequently among the $A_n$ if and only if $B = A_n$ for infinitely many $n$.
**Lemma.** If $\{A_n\}$ is a sequence of $r$ by $r$ stochastic matrices whose
right partial products $R_n = A_1A_2 \cdots A_n$ are a descending sequence and $B$ occurs frequently among the $A_n$ then, in the notation of Theorem 1 there is an $m$ by $m$ permutation matrix $D$ such that $AB = DA$.
Proof. For some $N$, $\{R_{N+n}\}$ is the left product of some sequence of stochastic matrices $A'_n$. Let $K$ be as in the proof of Theorem 1 applied to the $A'_n$. Then $K = \bigcap_{n>N} (S)R_n$. $(K)B \subseteq K$ because $K = \bigcap \{(S)R_{n-1}: B = A_n \text{ and } n > N\}$. Suppose $x \in K$. Then, for infinitely many $n$, there are $x_n \in (S)R_{n-1}$ for which $x = (x_n)B$. A subsequence $\{x_{n_m}\}$ converges to some point $y \in S$. Therefore $(x_{n_m})B$ converges to $(y)B$ and hence $x = (y)B$. But $y \in K$ and hence $K \subseteq (K)B$. Thus $K = (K)B$ and hence $B$ permutes the vertices of $K$ (rows of $A$). Let $D$ be the $m$ by $m$ permutation matrix representing this row permutation then $AB = DA$.
$B$ permutes all the vertices of $K$ and fixes the barycentre, $1/m' \sum_{i=1}^{m'} k_i$, of each subset $\{k_{i_1}, k_{i_2}, \ldots, k_{i_m}\}$ of $m'$ vertices of $K$ (rows of $A$) which it permutes. Therefore $(x)B = x$ for all $x$ in the convex hull of these barycentres. There may be (left) fixed points of $B$ outside the convex hull of the barycentres.
Let us enumerate all the matrices occurring frequently among the $A_n$ so that $A_{n_1}$ is the first such matrix and $A_{n_p}$ is the $p$th such matrix distinct from $A_{n_{p-1}}$. Let $D_{n_p}$ be the $m$ by $m$ permutation matrix corresponding to $A_{n_p}$ (as in the lemma) and let $D_n = D_{n_p}$ if $A_n = A_{n_p}$. Applying the lemma to the first corollary to Theorem 1 we obtain:
Theorem 2. If $\{A_n\}$ is a sequence of $r$ by $r$ stochastic matrices each of which (except for finitely many $n$) occur frequently among the $A_n$ and the $n$-th partial products $R_n = A_1A_2 \cdots A_n$ are descending then there exists an $m$ by $r$ stochastic matrix $A$ (with $1 \leq m \leq r$), permutation matrices $Q_n$ and, if $m < r$, $r - m$ by $m$ stochastic matrices $C_n$ such that given $\varepsilon > 0$ there is an $N$ for which:
(a) $\| R_n - Q_N \begin{pmatrix} D'_n A \\ C_N D'_n A \end{pmatrix} \| < \varepsilon$ (if $m < r$),
(b) $\| R_n - Q_N D'_n A \| < \varepsilon$ (if $m = r$),
for all $n > N$. $D'_n$ is the permutation matrix which is the product $D_{N+1}D_{N+2} \cdots D_n$ of $D_n$ defined in the previous paragraph. Moreover the barycentres of those sets of rows of $A$ which are permuted by all the $D_{n_p}$ is a (left) fixed point for all $A_n$ (except perhaps the finitely many $n$ for which $A_n$ does not occur frequently). In particular the barycentre $b = 1/m \sum_{i=1}^{m} (a_{i1}, \ldots, a_{ir})$ of the rows of $A$ is such a (left) fixed vector.
Let $F$ be the convex hull of the barycentres mentioned in Theorem
2. $F$ is fixed (pointwise) by each of those $A_n$ which occur frequently. If all the $A_n$ occur frequently then $(x)R_n = x$ for all $n$ and all $x \in F$.
The fundamental theorems on the convergence of the powers of the transition matrix and the "classification of states" of a finite Markov chain with stationary transition probabilities (see for example [4] pp. 170–184) can be obtained from Theorem 1 by examination of the position of $K$ in $S$. In the interest of brevity we shall not do so here but shall instead discuss two notions from the stationary case by way of sample applications of Theorems 1 and 2.
In the notation of the proof of Theorem 1 let $T$ be the set of all $i$ for which $v_i$ is not in the set of basis vectors spanning $K$. Following the custom (see e.g. [2]) for the stationary case we'll say that $i$ leads to $j$ (written $i \leadsto j$) if and only if $r_{ij}^{(n)} > 0$ for some $n$. If the right product of the $A_n$ is descending then for each $i$, $\lim_{n \to \infty} r_{ij}^{(n)} = 0$ for all $j \in T$ and; each $i \in T$ leads to some $j \not\in T$ by the first corollary to Theorem 1. In the stationary case (i.e. when $A_n = A_1$ for all $n$):
$$T = \bigcup_{j \geq 1} \{i : i \leadsto j \text{ and } j \not\leadsto i\}.$$
This is precisely the definition of the set of transient (sometimes called inessential) states in the stationary case.
The notion of regular chain (in the terminology used in [6]) can be extended to the nonstationary case so as to obtain the same kind of basic result. Suppose the right product of the $A_n$ is descending and that there is a product $P = A_{n_{p_1}} A_{n_{p_2}} \cdots A_{n_{p_q}}$ of frequently occurring $A_{n_{p_k}}$ (in the notation of Theorem 2) which is positive (i.e. $p_{ij} > 0$, all $i, j$). (The $n_{p_k}$ are not necessarily distinct nor in increasing order). Call such $\{A_n\}$ regular sequences. It then follows that the right products $R_n$ of regular sequences $\{A_n\}$ converge to a matrix all of whose rows are the vector $k$. No component of $k$ is zero, $(k)R_n = k$ for all sufficiently large $n$ (for all $n$, if $(S)R_{n+1} \subseteq (S)R_n$ for all $n$) and $k$ is the only vector in $S$ with this property. Although this is equivalent to the corresponding result for the stationary case it is easy enough to obtain using the first corollary to Theorem 1 and the lemma preceding Theorem 2: All we need do is show that $m = 1$. To this end observe that according to the lemma, $P$ permutes the vertices of $K$ so that, for some $n$: $(x)P^n = x$ for all $x \in K$. If $K$ had more than one vertex the line joining two of them would meet the boundary of $S$ in a point $x$ which is fixed by $P^n$. $(x)P^n$ can have no zero components because $P$ is positive but $x$ has zero components because it's in the boundary of $S$. This second application may also be found in a slightly less general form as Theorem 3 of [5].
**Definition.** A real matrix is substochastic if and only if none of
its entries is negative and 1 is an upper bound for its row sums.
Most of the foregoing results including Theorem 1 and its corollaries can be extended to infinite as well as finite substochastic matrices. To do so, consider the set $S_0$ of all substochastic sequences (i.e. the set of all real sequences of nonnegative terms whose sum is at most 1). $S_0$ is a compact, convex subset of the space of all real sequences under the product topology. The $\infty$ by $\infty$ substochastic matrices are associative and closed under matrix multiplication so that left and right product is defined for every sequence of such matrices.
**Theorem 1'.** If $\{L_n\}$ is the left product of a sequence of $\infty$ by $\infty$ substochastic matrices then there is a nonempty set, $E$, of substochastic sequences with the following properties:
(a) For each $k \in E$ (except possibly the zero sequence) and each $n$ there is an integer $i_{n,k}$ such that for all $j$:
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} l^{(n)}_{i_{n,k},j} = k_j.$$
(b) For each sequence $\{i_n\}$ there is a convex combination $x^{(i,n)}$ of elements of $E$ such that for all $j$:
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} (l^{(n)}_{i_n,j} - x^{(i,n)}_j) = 0.$$
(c) The zero sequence is the only element of $E$ if and only if for all sequences $\{i_n\}$ and all $j$:
$$\lim_{n \to \infty} l^{(n)}_{i_n,j} = 0.$$
**Proof.** For each subset $F$ of $S_0$ let $co(F)$ be the set of convex combinations of elements of $F$ and $\overline{co}(F)$ be the intersection of all closed convex sets containing $F$. Let $W_n$ be the set consisting of 0 and all the rows of $L_n$, let $\bar{L}_n = \overline{co}(W_n)$ and $K = \bigcap_{n > 1} \bar{L}_n$. $K$ is convex and compact and $0 \in K$. Let $E$ be the set of extremals of $K$ (that is, $k \in E$ if and only if $k \in K$ and $k$ is an interior point of no line segment in $K$) then $K = \overline{co}(E)$ by the Krein-Milman theorem. Part (a) of Theorem 1' is proven by contradiction. Suppose $k \in E$ and a neighbourhood of $k$ excludes 0 and all rows of $L_n$ for all $n$ in an infinite set $\Omega$. Then, for a finite set $\Lambda$ and some $\varepsilon > 0$, $W_n$ is in the complement of $Z \equiv \bigcap_{j \in \Lambda} \{x \in S_0 : |x_j - k_j| < \varepsilon\}$ for each $n \in \Omega$.
Let $T^+_j = \{x \in S_0 : x_j \geq k_j + \varepsilon\}$, $T^-_j = \{x \in S_0 : x_j \leq k_j - \varepsilon\}$ and $T_j = T^+_j \cup T^-_j$. Then
$$K \subseteq \bar{L}_n = \overline{co}\left(\bigcup_{j \in \Lambda} (T_j \cap W_n)\right)$$
$$= co\left(\bigcup_{j \in \Lambda} \overline{co}(T_j \cap W_n)\right) \quad (\text{see [3] V 2.5})$$
\[ = co \left( \bigcup_{j \in A} \overline{co}((T^+_j \cap W_n) \cup (T^-_j \cap W_n)) \right) \]
\[ = co \left( \bigcup_{j \in A} co(\overline{co}(T^+_j \cap W_n) \cup \overline{co}(T^-_j \cap W_n)) \right) \]
(again by [3] V 2.5)
\[ \subseteq co \left( \bigcup_{j \in A} co((T^+_j \cap \bar{L}_n) \cup (T^-_j \cap \bar{L}_n)) \right) \]
\[ \subseteq co \left( \bigcup_{j \in A} co(T_j \cap \bar{L}_n) \right). \]
If \( U_{jn} = T_j \cap \bar{L}_n \) is empty for some \( j \in A, n \in \Omega \) then \( U_{jm} = \phi \) for all sufficiently large \( m \) because the \( U_{jn} \) are nested for fixed \( j \). Rather than change notation, we can assume that \( U_{jn} \neq \phi \) for all \( n \in \Omega \) and all \( j \in A \). Thus \( k \) is a convex combination, \( \sum_{j \in A} \lambda_{jn} u_{jn} \), of elements \( u_{jn} \) of \( co(U_{jn}) \). \( U_{jn} \) is the union of \( U^+_{jn} = T^+_j \cap \bar{L}_n \) and \( U^-_{jn} = T^-_j \cap \bar{L}_n \). Assuming first that \( U^+_{jn} \) and \( U^-_{jn} \) are nonempty for all \( n \in \Omega \) we have \( 0 \leq \mu_{jn} \leq 1 \) such that \( u_{jn} = \mu_{jn} u^+_{jn} + (1 - \mu_{jn}) u^-_{jn} \) for some \( u^+_{jn} \in U^+_{jn} \) and some \( u^-_{jn} \in U^-_{jn} \). By successive extraction of subsequences we obtain \( u^+_j, u^-_j, \mu_j \) and \( \lambda_j \) such that
\[
\lim_{m \to \infty} u^+_{jn_m} = u^+_j, \quad \lim_{m \to \infty} u^-_{jn_m} = u^-_j, \quad \lim_{m \to \infty} \mu_{jn_m} = \mu_j,
\]
\[
\lim_{m \to \infty} \lambda_{jn_m} = \lambda_j, \quad 1 \geq \mu_j \geq 0, \quad 1 \geq \lambda_j \geq 0 \quad \text{and} \quad \sum_{j \in A} \lambda_j = 1.
\]
Therefore \( k = \sum_{j \in A} \lambda_j (\mu_j u^+_j + (1 - \mu_j) u^-_j) \), and for all \( j \in A: u^+_j, u^-_j \in K \) and \( u^+_j, u^-_j \in T_j \). The extremality of \( k \) implies that \( k = u^+_j \) or \( u^-_j \) for some \( j \) and hence that \( k \in T_j \). Consequently \( k \in Z \), a contradiction. If, however, \( U^+_{jn} \) or \( U^-_{jn} \) is \( \phi \) for some (and hence all subsequent) \( n \) we can use a similar argument using the \( u_{jn} \) instead of the \( u^+_{jn} \) and \( u^-_{jn} \).
If \( k \neq 0 \) we can therefore assert that each sufficiently small neighbourhood of \( k \) excludes 0 but contains an element of \( W_n \) for all sufficiently large \( n \). These elements must be rows of the \( L_n \). Therefore \( k \) is the componentwise limit of a sequence of rows, one from each \( L_n \).
To prove part (b) let \( d \) be the metric on \( S_0 \) which induces the product topology (see [1] II prop. 6, p.97). Let \( y_n \in L_n \) and \( z_n \) be a point of \( K \) closest to \( y_n \) in the metric. \( d(z_n, y_n) \) is a null sequence because the \( \bar{L}_n \) are nested. A sequence \( \{x_n\} \) in \( co(E) \) can be found for which \( d(x_n, y_n) \) is a null sequence because \( co(E) \) is dense in \( \overline{co}(E) \) (see [3] V 2.4). Part (b) then follows if the \( i_n \)th row of \( L_n \) is used for \( y_n \). Part (c) follows directly from parts (a) and (b). This completes the proof of Theorem 1'.
The conclusion of Theorem 1' is valid if \( \{L_n\} \) is replaced by any descending sequence \( \{P_n\} \) of \( \infty \) by \( \infty \) substochastic matrices using the previous definition of "descending" with \( S \) replaced by \( S_0 \). Such sequences too are, except for finitely many terms, the left product of some sequence of substochastic matrices.
The statements about commutivity also carry over to the infinite case.
Corollary 2 extends to:
**Corollary 2'.** If \(\{R_n\}\) is the right product of \(\infty\) by \(\infty\) doubly stochastic matrices then there is a nonempty set, \(E\), of substochastic sequences with the following properties:
(a) For each non-zero \(k \in E\) and each \(n\) there is an integer \(i_{n,k}\) such that for all \(j\):
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} r^{(n)}_{j i_{n,k}} = k_j \quad \text{and}
\]
(b) For each sequence \(\{i_n\}\) there is a convex combination \(x^{(i,n)}\) of elements of \(E\) such that for all \(j\):
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} r^{(n)}_{j i_n} - x^{(i,n)}_j = 0,
\]
(c) The zero sequence is the only element of \(E\) if and only if for all \(\{i_n\}\) and for all \(j\):
\[
\lim_{n \to \infty} r^{(n)}_{j i_n} = 0.
\]
A substochastic matrix is continuous on \(S_0\) if and only if all of its columns are null sequences. If a continuous \(B\) occurs frequently among the \(A_n\) and their right product is descending then \((K)B = K\).
Theorem 2 and the remarks following it concerning fixed points also hold for \(\infty\) by \(\infty\) substochastic matrices \(A_n\) provided each \(A_n\) is continuous and \(K\) has only finitely many extremals.
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5. J. Hajnal, The ergodic properties of non-homogeneous finite Markov chains, Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. **52** (1956), 67–77.
6. J. Kemeny and J. Snell, *Finite Markov Chains*, Van Nostrand, New Jersey 1960.
McGILL UNIVERSITY
PACIFIC JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICS
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Stanford University
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University of California
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* Paul A. White, Acting Editor until J. Dugundji returns.
Gert Einar Torsten Almkvist, *Stability of linear differential equations with periodic coefficients in Hilbert space* ........................................ 383
Richard Allen Askey and Stephen Wainger, *A transplantation theorem for ultraspherical coefficients* .................................................. 393
Joseph Barback, *Two notes on regressive isols* ........................................... 407
Allen Richard Bernstein and Abraham Robinson, *Solution of an invariant subspace problem of K. T. Smith and P. R. Halmos* ......................... 421
P. R. Halmos, *Invariant subspaces of polynomially compact operators* ............ 433
Leon Bernstein, *New infinite classes of periodic Jacobi-Perron algorithms* ................................................................. 439
Richard Anthony Brualdi, *Permanent of the direct product of matrices* .......... 471
W. Wistar (William) Comfort and Kenneth Allen Ross, *Pseudocompactness and uniform continuity in topological groups* ............................... 483
James Michael Gardner Fell, *Algebras and fiber bundles* ............................. 497
Alessandro Figà-Talamanca and Daniel Rider, *A theorem of Littlewood and lacunary series for compact groups* .............................................. 505
David London, *Two inequalities in nonnegative symmetric matrices* ............. 515
Norman Jay Pullman, *Infinite products of substochastic matrices* ................. 537
James McLean Sloss, *Reflection and approximation by interpolation along the boundary for analytic functions* .............................................. 545
Carl Weinbaum, *Visualizing the word problem, with an application to sixth groups* ................................................................. 557 | d811df4e-d473-475a-9fc5-61bbc68039b4 | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 26,614 |
ACTA ELECTORAL N.° 024230-96-K
JUNIN
TARMA
HUASAHUASI
VISTA: el acta electoral observada, remitida por la Oficina Descentralizada de Procesos Electorales de Chanchamayo, correspondiente a las Elecciones Generales 2021 - Segunda Elección Presidencial.
CONSIDERANDOS:
1. Motivo por el cual el acta ha sido observada: Según la observación de la ODPE, el acta carece de firmas.
2. Resultado del cotejo realizado entre el acta remitida por la ODPE con el ejemplar del acta del JEE: Hecho el cotejo del acta electoral observada con el ejemplar de este Jurado Electoral Especial, se comprueba que ambos ejemplares tienen similar contenido, por lo que se advierte lo siguiente:
El acta correspondiente a la ODPE, en la sección de Instalación y Sufragio constan las firmas, nombres y apellidos y números de DNIs de todos los miembros de mesa, mientras que en la sección de Escrutinio consta de todos los datos de los miembros de mesa a excepción de los números de sus DNIs; sin embargo, en el ejemplar del acta correspondiente al JEE en las tres secciones: Acta de Instalación, Acta de Sufragio y Acta de Escrutinio, se observa los datos completos de los miembros de mesa, siendo estos: firma, nombres y apellidos y número de DNI.
3. Norma aplicable: El artículo 11 del Reglamento aplicable a las actas observadas para las Elecciones Generales y de representantes peruanos ante el Parlamento Andino 2021, aprobado por la Resolución N.° 0331-2015-JNE (en adelante el Reglamento), establece que el JEE deberá efectuar el cotejo a fin de integrar la firma, el nombre y el número de DNI de los tres miembros de mesa en una de las secciones del acta electoral y, por lo menos de dos miembros de mesa en sus otras dos secciones. De no ser posible la integración, deberá declarar la nulidad del acta electoral y consignar como total de votos nulos el “total de electores hábiles”.
4. Ahora bien, del análisis y cotejo entre los ejemplares de las actas del JEE y de la ODPE, se tiene qué en el acta correspondiente a este órgano electoral, en sus tres secciones: Acta de
Instalación, Acta de Sufragio y Acta de Escrutinio se encuentran consignadas todos los datos de los miembros de mesa, tales como: firmas, nombres y apellidos, y los números de sus DNI's, por lo que en aplicación del Principio de Presunción de la Validez del voto, prescrito en el artículo 4 de la Ley Orgánica de Elecciones, corresponde integrar los número de los DNI's de los miembros de mesa en la sección "Acta de Escrutinio" del Acta Electoral correspondiente a la ODPE.
Por lo tanto, este Jurado Electoral Especial de Chanchamayo, en uso de sus atribuciones,
RESUELVE:
Artículo Primero.- Declarar VÁLIDA el acta electoral N.º 024230-96-K
Artículo Segundo.- PUBLICAR la presente resolución en el panel del Jurado Electoral Especial de Chanchamayo, en el portal web del Jurado Nacional de Elecciones y REMITIRLA a la Oficina Descentralizada de Procesos Electorales.
Regístrese, comuníquese y publíquese.
Ss
CARLOS RICHAR CARHUANCHO MUCHA
Presidente
ROBINSON ESPINOZA SANDOVAL
Segundo Miembro
ROSALBA HILMA VARGAS SANTISTEBAN
Tercer Miembro
RUBENRAUL GUILLERMO HUAROC CANCHANYA
Secretaria Jurisdiccional | <urn:uuid:1ac66c04-2d42-4bfb-832a-c4fc12e4339f> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train | finepdfs | spa_Latn | 3,182 |
| Funzione obiettivo 4° liv. | Stanziamenti Definitivi | Autorizzazioni di cassa | di cui in C/Capiutale | Impegni | Impegni effettivi | Pagamenti | Residui totali | Economie |
|---------------------------|------------------------|------------------------|----------------------|---------|------------------|-----------|----------------|----------|
| 22.214.171.124 - Indirizzo e programmazione politica estera | 265.191 | 278.335 | 6.285 | 242.943 | 237.518 | 242.257 | 28.353 | 26.072 |
| 126.96.36.199 - Processo di unione europea e attuazione delle politiche | 292.502 | 300.015 | 6.048 | 267.172 | 261.747 | 263.600 | 26.625 | 29.142 |
| 188.8.131.52 - Promozione delle linee di politica estera e attuazione (accordi e trattati) nei rapporti internazionali | 323.962 | 334.056 | 6.051 | 306.195 | 300.771 | 299.094 | 36.730 | 21.259 |
| 184.108.40.206 - Partecipazione e attuazione accordi e trattati, contributi a organismi internazionali | 667.596 | 679.365 | 28 | 654.375 | 651.182 | 623.996 | 46.985 | 14.705 |
| 220.127.116.11 - Tutela degli italiani all'estero | 306.271 | 316.559 | 6.115 | 281.550 | 274.281 | 275.961 | 33.308 | 28.508 |
| 18.104.22.168 - Promozione culturale e coordinamento istituti di cultura e scuole italiane | 449.926 | 509.818 | 6.050 | 428.628 | 423.703 | 403.623 | 97.257 | 38.505 |
| 22.214.171.124 - Promozione della collaborazione culturale e scientifica internazionale | 256.148 | 278.418 | 3.050 | 237.491 | 234.778 | 236.709 | 30.516 | 25.000 |
| 126.96.36.199 - Contenzioso diplomatico e assistenza giuridica nei rapporti | 37.468 | 51.011 | 37.468 | 21.311 | 32.744 | 18.349 | 269 | |
| 188.8.131.52 - Trasferimenti ai PVS e in particolare sostegno a programmi di assistenza nell'ambito di accordi e | 596.578 | 769.450 | 595.357 | 513.533 | 552.593 | 315.435 | 34.204 | |
| 184.108.40.206 - Contributi a fondi di sviluppo economico-sociale | 631.165 | 802.738 | 629.153 | 549.124 | 592.110 | 308.405 | 34.966 | |
| 220.127.116.11 - Gestione dei servizi elettorali | 30.064 | 30.173 | 29.706 | 29.706 | 29.770 | 794 | 367 | |
| 18.104.22.168 - Programmazione e coordinamento della politica commerciale internazionale e delle linee per la promozione e l'internazionalizzazione delle imprese | 66.865 | 68.010 | 65.120 | 65.120 | 65.833 | 2.038 | 1.790 | |
| 22.214.171.124 - Interventi per l'attuazione di accordi e trattati di carattere | 25.155 | 29.643 | 23.764 | 23.764 | 12.358 | 16.411 | 3.984 | |
| 126.96.36.199 - Tutela, disinquinamento e risanamento | 434 | 441 | 428 | 428 | 427 | 8 | 6 | |
| 10.7.1.2 - Regolamentazione e sostegno all'immigrazione | 33.380 | 34.105 | 32.882 | 32.882 | 33.145 | 1.258 | 539 | |
| 10.9.1.3 - Interventi per la ricorrenza e indennizzi per calamità | 200 | 200 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 200 | |
**TOTALE AMM.NE**
| 3.982.902 | 4.482.338 | 33.708 | 3.832.232 | 3.619.851 | 3.664.221 | 962.472 | 259.516 |
Sintesi e conclusioni.
Conclusasi l’attuale fase di attuazione della riforma del Ministero degli affari esteri\(^1\), che ha impegnato soprattutto nell’anno 2000 l’Amministrazione nella riorganizzazione delle strutture interne, nel riordino della carriera diplomatica e delle funzioni di livello dirigenziale, il 2001 è stato un anno di stabilizzazione per i nuovi uffici centrali.
E’ da osservare che l’Amministrazione ha recepito con immediatezza il nuovo disegno organizzativo, dimostrando di saper gestire la transizione senza incontrare particolari elementi di criticità.
Si sottolinea, peraltro, che dopo la riforma, che ha implicato un incremento notevole delle direzioni generali, salite da sei a tredici, per un totale di venti centri di responsabilità, la quota maggiore di risorse, pari al 64% degli stanziamenti complessivi del Ministero (circa 2.545 mld) è gestita da due sole direzioni generali: la Direzione generale per gli affari amministrativi, di bilancio e il patrimonio (31,2%) e la Direzione generale per la cooperazione allo sviluppo (32,6%). Le risorse residue (circa 1.437 mld) sono state ripartite tra gli altri diciotto centri di responsabilità, con una consistente frammentazione. Ad eccezione della Direzione generale per gli affari politici multilaterali ed i diritti umani (stanziamenti pari a circa 452 mld) e della Direzione generale per la promozione e la cooperazione culturale (pari a circa 332 mld), gli altri centri di responsabilità gestiscono somme assai più esigue.
Si conferma il ruolo determinante che deve avere il Servizio di controllo interno\(^2\), di cui, ad oggi, non sono state sfruttate a pieno le potenzialità. La valutazione è uno strumento essenziale per il processo decisionale dell’autorità di governo e deve investire anche l’analisi della coerenza della riforma dell’Amministrazione con gli obiettivi di efficienza ed economicità dell’azione amministrativa.
Come è noto, la cooperazione allo sviluppo è rimasta estranea alla riforma, nonostante in passato sia stata oggetto di diversi disegni di legge che ne avevano ridisegnato l’organizzazione; sono di conseguenza rimasti insoluti diversi nodi critici, quale quello del personale, che
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\(^1\) La riforma del Ministero è stata disposta dal d.P.R. 11 maggio 1999, n. 267, che è stato seguito dal d.m. n. 000945 del 23 aprile 2001, di disciplina delle articolazioni interne degli uffici di livello dirigenziale, che ha sostituito il d.m. n. 003466 del 10 settembre 1999. Il d.lgs. n. 300 del 1999 non ha modificato le competenze del Ministero, confermato quale “autorità che deve garantire in materia di politica estera la coerenza delle scelte delle singole amministrazioni con gli obiettivi della politica internazionale, ivi compresi quelli relativi ai rapporti con l’Unione Europea”.
Il nuovo disegno organizzativo è stato accompagnato, nel corso dell’esercizio 2000, dal riordino della carriera diplomatica e del personale delle qualifiche funzionali, disciplinato dal d.lgs. 24 marzo 2000, n. 83, sulla base della delega conferita rispettivamente dall’art. 1 e dall’art. 3 della legge n. 266 del 1999.
\(^2\) La Corte dei conti, Sezione centrale di controllo, Collegi I e II, con deliberazione n. 30 del 3 luglio 2001 ha approvato la relazione concernente l’indagine intersettoriale sui Servizi di controllo interno e lo stato di attuazione del d.lgs. n. 286 del 1999 nelle Amministrazioni dello Stato fino all’anno 2000. Successivamente, con deliberazione n.
dovrebbero essere affrontati in sede di riassetto organizzativo e funzionale. Il ruolo indubbiamente rilevante che svolge la cooperazione allo sviluppo in sede internazionale, l’entità delle risorse che amministra (il 32,6% degli stanziamenti complessivi del Ministero) richiedono interventi per migliorare e potenziare l’efficienza della struttura.
Si apprezza lo sforzo fatto dalla Direzione generale per predisporre un manuale operativo di valutazione e di monitoraggio delle iniziative di cooperazione allo sviluppo e per porre in essere tre indagini di valutazione ex post di alcuni interventi nel settore della cooperazione (per un approfondimento si rinvia al paragrafo 5.6). Queste iniziative rispondono all’esigenza di conoscere il grado di raggiungimento dei risultati attesi e devono consentire di rimodulare, se necessario, le attività in essere e di adeguare i futuri interventi alle realtà locali ed alla capacità di gestione della Direzione generale.
Una maggiore attenzione si osserva riguardo alle funzioni di sostegno all’internazionalizzazione del sistema economico italiano assegnate al Ministero degli affari esteri, quali strumento di promozione dell’economia nazionale. L’art. 13 del d.m. n. 29 del 3466 del 1999 attribuisce alla Direzione generale per la cooperazione economica e finanziaria multilaterale (per un esame più approfondito si rinvia al paragrafo 4.3) compiti di promozione e coordinamento di iniziative dirette a sostenere le attività all’estero delle imprese italiane ed a favorire l’incremento degli investimenti stranieri in Italia. L’attività del Ministero si è sviluppata soprattutto assicurando un flusso di informazioni utili alle imprese italiane, attraverso la rete delle ambasciate e dei consolati per favorire la partecipazione di aziende italiane alle gare internazionali per l’esecuzione di beni e servizi ed attraverso il coordinamento tra le amministrazioni e gli enti competenti in materia. Il potenziamento di questo sistema appare essenziale e la stessa Amministrazione sta operando in tal senso attraverso uno studio, in collaborazione con Unioncamere ed Assocamere, per una nuova progettazione dello Schema di Concertazione Interistituzionale sorto in via sperimentale nel 1996 nell’ambito del Comitato Italiano per la Cooperazione Economica, Scientifica e Tecnica Istituzionale presso Confindustria.
1. Quadro di riferimento programmatico: le note preliminari e le direttive generali del Ministro.
Le note preliminare allo stato di previsione della spesa del Ministero degli affari esteri e, in particolare, le direttive generali del ministro per il 2001 hanno, rispetto agli analoghi
19/2002/G del 15 maggio 2002 la Corte ha approvato la relazione relativa all’attività dei Servizi di controllo interno fino all’anno 2001.
provvedimenti relativi ai precedenti esercizi finanziari, una maggiore significatività come documenti di indirizzo delle linee guida dell’Amministrazione; individuano, infatti, nell’ambito delle più ampie scelte politiche di settore, i risultati generali ai quali deve tendere l’azione amministrativa delle singole Direzioni generali ed assegnano, in relazione a ciò, le risorse finanziarie.
Peraltro, atteso che mantengono ancora un carattere di generalità e, in alcuni casi, di astrattezza, non possono ancora essere considerati efficaci documenti di programmazione; a fianco degli indirizzi di carattere generale non sono individuati gli obiettivi concreti ed i risultati attesi, né i tempi per raggiungerli. In assenza di tali elementi, che necessariamente devono caratterizzare la programmazione per obiettivi, non è possibile, a consuntivo, una valutazione dell’azione amministrativa e la verifica della congruità dei risultati con riferimento alle decisioni politiche assunte dall’autorità di Governo nello specifico settore.
Le note preliminari allo stato di previsione per il 2001 partono, infatti, da considerazioni di carattere generale, che fanno riferimento ai processi di riforma che hanno interessato il Ministero ed alla nuova impostazione del bilancio\(^3\). Una autonoma collocazione è data agli obiettivi delle direzioni generali per aree geografiche, istituite con d.P.R. n. 267 del 1999\(^4\) e dal d.m. 10 settembre 1999, n. 029/3466; in particolare per la Direzione generale per i Paesi dell’Europa è considerato prioritario lo sviluppo della diplomazia economica, mentre per la Direzione generale per i Paesi del Mediterraneo e del Medio Oriente, con riguardo al controllo degli ingressi illegali di extracomunitari, la verifica del funzionamento dell’attuazione del sistema di accordi di riammissione con i Paesi del Maghreb.
Le direttive generali per l’esercizio in esame, predisposte come di consueto per Centri di responsabilità, sviluppano le indicazioni delle note preliminari, tuttavia, come già osservato, non attribuiscono ai dirigenti generali responsabili obiettivi determinati e certi, ai quali ricondurre, *ex post*, un giudizio complessivo sull’attività posta in essere.
La Corte riconosce che la specificità delle competenze del Ministero degli affari esteri non sempre si accorda con una programmazione per obiettivi concreti, il cui grado di raggiungimento sia valutabile con modelli di analisi quantitativa; gli obiettivi di politica estera coinvolgono attività non sempre determinabili e stimabili *ex ante*. Ciononostante, queste peculiarità non si pongono in contraddizione con la valutazione dell’efficienza e del corretto funzionamento della “macchina amministrativa”, attraverso la costruzione di un sistema di
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\(^3\) Legge 23 dicembre 2000 n. 389.
\(^4\) Il d.P.R. 11 maggio 1999, n. 267 è stato seguito dal d.m. n. 029/3466 del 10 settembre 1999, che ha disciplinato le articolazioni interne degli uffici di livello dirigenziale.
analisi, attento a ponderare anche i fattori esterni che possono incidere sull’efficienza degli uffici.
Perché ciò possa avvenire è necessario che, per i settori nei quali l’azione amministrativa è misurabile, siano predisposti documenti di programmazione meno generici, che affiancano agli obiettivi strategici quelli intermedi ai quali la dirigenza è chiamata a concorrere, predeterminandone i risultati attesi.
Più aderenti a questo modello appaiono le direttive generali per il 2002\(^5\), che individuano, a fianco delle linee guida del Ministero\(^6\) e per Centri di Responsabilità, gli obiettivi strategici e gli obiettivi specifici. Questi ultimi sono accompagnati da alcuni indicatori, che variano a seconda delle specifiche competenze dei Centri di responsabilità. Sottolineano, altresì, la volontà di rafforzare la capacità progettuale ed operativa del Servizio di controllo interno, che ha avuto sino ad oggi un ruolo scarsamente significativo. In particolare, il Servizio di controllo interno dovrà avvalersi di due strumenti informatici appositamente creati e che dovranno essere completati nel corrente esercizio; il primo permetterà il monitoraggio della realizzazione delle linee guida e degli obiettivi contenuti nella direttiva generale, il secondo dovrà consentire ai nuclei di controllo di gestione di effettuare l’analisi economica dei costi di attività e/o dei rispettivi “prodotti”.
Il ruolo del Servizio di controllo interno ai fine della programmazione è stato più volte sottolineato dalla Corte; la programmazione ha necessità di conoscere i risultati della gestione precedente e di quella in corso, per ottimizzare la ripartizione delle risorse, modificare o annullare i progetti che presentano criticità, valorizzare l’azione amministrativa in quei settori in cui si prospettano esigenze anche impreviste. L’insufficiente operatività del Servizio di controllo influisce negativamente anche sui documenti progettuali, che sono elaborati dall’Autorità di governo senza la conoscenza dei risultati del controllo strategico e, più in generale, senza valutazioni sull’andamento della gestione.
La programmazione relativa alla cooperazione allo sviluppo è oggetto di analisi al paragrafo n. 5.2 in considerazione della specificità delle norme che la disciplinano; in questa sede si osserva che il rilevante problema del contenzioso pregresso, che da anni impegna la struttura in complesse vertenze con le imprese che hanno operato nel settore nei primi anni novanta, e che determina frequentemente la condanna dell’Amministrazione con aggravio di
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\(^5\) d.m. n. 001/0076 dell’8 gennaio 2002.
\(^6\) L’impegno dell’Italia in politica estera per il 2002 è individuato nel rafforzamento dei processi di costruzione dell’Europa, di consolidamento dell’Alleanza Atlantica, del rapporto con gli Stati Uniti e del ruolo dell’ONU. La riduzione del debito e la cancellazione di crediti commerciali e di aiuto sono considerati strumenti per la lotta contro l’emarginazione e la miseria.
interessi e spese legali, non è stato menzionato nei documenti programmatici del ministro, né per il 2001 né per il corrente esercizio.
La Corte richiama quindi l’attenzione dell’Amministrazione sulla necessità che il contenzioso sia affrontato nella sua globalità anche attraverso l’individuazione di una strategia che, sulla base della conoscenza del fenomeno nel suo complesso, valuti i diversi strumenti di intervento ed attui una programmazione che ponga all’ufficio obiettivi precisi e tempi per quanto possibile certi per portare a definizione le vertenze ancora pendenti. E’ chiaro che anche con uno sforzo eccezionale da parte dell’Amministrazione, non si potrà impedire il formarsi di un contenzioso che è fisiologicamente legato alle particolari modalità operative della struttura nel settore della cooperazione allo sviluppo, nel quale l’azione pubblica agisce attraverso la stipula di contratti con imprese che operano all’estero. E’ proprio in considerazione di ciò, che appare comunque improcrastinabile un intervento straordinario per la soluzione di controversie che si trascinano da anni e che penalizzano sia l’Amministrazione, anche perché distolgono personale che potrebbe essere altrimenti assegnato alla gestione ordinaria, sia le imprese che attendono da tempo la definitiva composizione dei rapporti con il Ministero.
2. Analisi di consuntivo.
2.1 Profili generali.
Gli stanziamenti definitivi sono ammontati per l’esercizio in esame a 3.982 mld (+220 mld rispetto al 2000), rendendo stabile la percentuale dello 0,3% rispetto al dato complessivo degli stanziamenti di competenza del bilancio dello Stato dell’ultimo quinquennio. L’incremento ha interessato le sole spese correnti, mentre si conferma il livello di quelle in conto capitale, che nel 2000 avevano subito una cospicua riduzione nella catg. 21 (21.1.4 fabbricati non residenziali).
| Anni | Stanziamenti definitivi | % con il bilancio dello Stato | Spese correnti | Spese in conto capitale |
|------|------------------------|-------------------------------|----------------|------------------------|
| 1997 | 2.730 | 0,3 | 2.712 | 18 |
| 1998 | 2.900 | 0,3 | 2.887 | 13 |
| 1999 | 3.225 | 0,3 | 3.177 | 48 |
| 2000 | 3.762 | 0,3 | 3.729 | 33 |
| 2001 | 3.982 | 0,3 | 3.949 | 33 |
Nell’ultimo quinquennio la capacità di impegno dei residui di stanziamento è sempre molto elevata ed ha raggiunto la totalità dei residui iniziali nel corso del 2001; è aumentata, altresì, la capacità di impegno sugli stanziamenti di competenza e sulla massa impegnabile. Ciò è da attribuire, oltre che ad una maggiore efficienza degli uffici, ad una programmazione degli
obiettivi e ad una ripartizione delle risorse più aderente alle capacità gestionali dell’Amministrazione.
| Anni | Stanziamenti competenza | Impegni competenza | % | Massa impegnabile | Impegni totali | % | Residui stanziamento all’1.1.01 | Impegni sui residui | % |
|------|------------------------|--------------------|----|------------------|----------------|----|-------------------------------|-------------------|----|
| 1997 | 2.730 | 2.385 | 87,3| 3.123 | 2.727 | 87,3| 393 | 342 | 87,0|
| 1998 | 2.900 | 2.511 | 86,5| 3.155 | 2.761 | 87,5| 254 | 249 | 98,0|
| 1999 | 3.225 | 2.769 | 85,8| 3.493 | 3.037 | 86,9| 267 | 267 | 100,0|
| 2000 | 3.762 | 3.342 | 88,8| 4.094 | 3.673 | 89,7| 332 | 331 | 99,6|
| 2001 | 3.982 | 3.619 | 90,9| 4.302 | 3.939 | 91,6| 319 | 319 | 100,0|
L’incremento del rapporto tra autorizzazione di cassa e massa spendibile, salito al 91,7%, a fronte dell’83,5% e dell’83,2% degli anni 2000 e 1999, non è stato seguito da un miglioramento del rapporto tra pagamenti totali ed autorizzazioni di cassa, che è sceso all’81,7%, mentre è rimasto sostanzialmente invariato il rapporto pagamenti totali/massa spendibile, a dimostrazione che il mancato miglioramento della capacità di spesa non è determinato dai limiti imposti dalle autorizzazioni di cassa.
| Anni | Massa spendibile | Pagamenti totali | % | Autorizzazione di cassa | Pagamenti totali | % |
|------|------------------|------------------|----|-------------------------|------------------|----|
| 1997 | 4.369 | 2.665 | 60,9| 3.102 | 2.665 | 85,9|
| 1998 | 3.640 | 2.698 | 74,1| 3.223 | 2.698 | 83,7|
| 1999 | 3.954 | 2.939 | 74,3| 3.291 | 2.939 | 89,3|
| 2000 | 4.541 | 3.393 | 74,7| 3.794 | 3.393 | 89,4|
| 2001 | 4.886 | 3.664 | 74,9| 4.482 | 3.664 | 81,7|
I residui di competenza al 31 dicembre 2001 sono pari a 491,8 mld, con un incremento di 122,0 mld rispetto all’analogo dato del 2000 (369 mld), mentre i residui totali hanno raggiunto circa 962 mld, con un aumento di 68 mld sul dato del 2000. I capitoli delle spese in conto capitale\(^7\) presentano una quota notevole di residui: circa 28,1 mld di residui totali (di cui 17,8 di competenza) sul cap. 7245 (ex cap. 7501)\(^8\), con una maggiore difficoltà di smaltimento dei residui provenienti dai precedenti esercizi. Sul cap. 7246 (ex cap. 8001) i residui totali sono stati pari a 8,9 mld\(^9\). La formazione dei residui sui capitoli destinati alle spese di acquisto, costruzione e ristrutturazione degli immobili da destinare a sedi di uffici all’estero e di istituti di cultura si ripete da diversi esercizi finanziari, anche a causa del ritardo con il quale è approvato il programma annuale di interventi. Per un esame più approfondito della gestione dei capitoli di spesa n. 7246 e 7245 si rinvia al paragrafo 7.1).
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\(^7\) Cap. 7245 – Acquisto e relativi oneri accessori, ristrutturazioni …di immobili da adibire a sedi di rappresentanze diplomatiche ed uffici consolari.; cap. 7246 – Acquisto e costruzione o ristrutturazione immobili da destinare a sedi di Istituti di cultura e di scuole italiane all’estero.
\(^8\) Nel 2000 i residui totali erano 21,8 mld, di cui 15,6 mld di competenza.
\(^9\) (7,1 mld nel 2000).
L’art. 3 della legge n. 94 del 1997 dispone l’esame del Ministro del tesoro sullo stato di attuazione dei programmi in corso ai fini della conservazione in bilancio, come residui, delle somme, in conto capitale, non impegnate entro l’esercizio finanziario di riferimento. Con d.P.C.M. del 20 marzo 2002 è stata determinata nella misura del 80% la percentuale di conservazione dei residui di stanziamento al 31 dicembre 2001.
La tabella che segue illustra l’andamento delle economie nell’ultimo triennio
| Anni | Economie di competenza | Economie su residui | Economie totali |
|------|------------------------|---------------------|-----------------|
| 1999 | 123,9 | 115,6 | 239,4 |
| 2000 | 101,6 | 151,2 | 252,8 |
| 2001 | 150,6 | 108,8 | 259,5 |
Mentre si sono ridotte le economie sui residui si sono incrementate sugli stanziamenti di competenza, mantenendo, nel complesso, lo stesso livello del precedente esercizio.
2.2 Esposizione dei risultati contabili secondo la classificazione funzionale COFOG\(^{10}\).
Le funzioni obiettivo di 1° livello che interessano il Ministero degli affari esteri sono:
1. Servizi generali delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni; 4. Affari economici; 5. Tutela dell’ambiente; 10. Protezione sociale.
Alla funzione-obiettivo 1. “Servizi generali delle pubbliche amministrazioni”\(^{11}\) è assegnato il 96,8% delle risorse complessive del Ministero, pari a 3.856 mld, di cui 2.599 mld nella funzione 1.1 “Organi esecutivi e legislativi, affari finanziari e fiscali, affari esteri”, destinati nella totalità alla funzione 1.1.3 “Affari esteri”. Rispetto al macroaggregato della spesa complessiva dello Stato per la funzione “affari esteri”, pari a 29.177 mld (26.796 mld nel 2000) gli stanziamenti del Ministero coprono l’8,9% (14% nel 2000); questo dato si spiega con l’intervento nei rapporti economici internazionali anche di altri soggetti pubblici, che gestiscono una quota rilevante di risorse\(^{12}\).
Alla funzione 1.2.1 “aiuti economici internazionali”, sono assegnati 1.227 mld, di cui 596 mld per “gli aiuti economici ai Paesi in via di sviluppo” (+ 43 mld rispetto all’anno 2000) e 631
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\(^{10}\) Classification of the functions of Government (COFOG): secondo una logica «trasversale» individua funzioni-obiettivo di 1\(^{a}\) e 2\(^{a}\) livello omogenee per tutte le Amministrazioni centrali.
\(^{11}\) Questa funzione comprende: l’indirizzo e la programmazione di politica estera; il processo di integrazione europea e attuazione delle politiche comunitarie; la promozione delle linee di politica estera e l’attuazione (accordi e trattati) nei rapporti internazionali; la partecipazione e l’attuazione degli accordi e dei trattati, contributi ad organismi internazionali; la tutela degli italiani all’estero; la promozione culturale ed il coordinamento degli istituti di cultura e delle scuole italiane all’estero; la promozione della collaborazione culturale e scientifica internazionale; il contenzioso diplomatico e l’assistenza giuridica nei rapporti internazionali.
mld per gli “aiuti economici erogati tramite le organizzazioni internazionali” (+40 mld rispetto al 2000). La somma di 1.227 mld copre il 58,5% (59,3% nel 2000) degli stanziamenti complessivi del corrispondente macroaggregato del bilancio dello Stato, pari a 2.099 mld (1.929 mld nel 2000). In particolare, per gli “aiuti economici ai Paesi in via di sviluppo ed in transizione” le risorse allocate sul bilancio del Ministero (596 mld) sono al 73,8% (78,7% nel 2000) del macroaggregato dello Stato, pari a 808 mld (702 mld nel 2000)\(^{13}\).
La capacità di impegno\(^{14}\) per gli “affari esteri” è diminuita rispetto al precedente esercizio, scendendo dal 95,2% del 2000 al 92,6%, mentre è migliorata per gli “aiuti economici internazionali”, raggiungendo l’89,1% (79,5% nel 2000); analogo andamento si osserva per la capacità di spesa che raggiunge rispettivamente l’82,5% ed il 61,8% (l’85,4% ed il 55,8% nel 2000).
Per la funzione “aiuti economici” l’incremento della massa spendibile, che ha raggiunto i 1.837 mld (1.670 mld nel 2000), ha determinato che, pur a fronte di un notevole miglioramento della capacità di spesa, risulta ancora alto il livello dei residui, 632 mld (604 mld nel 2000).
Per gli “affari esteri”, i residui raggiungono i 318 mld (271 mld nel 2000) su una massa spendibile di 2.879 mld (2.682 mld nel 2000).
Le spese di funzionamento per gli “affari esteri” assorbono il 59,1% dello stanziamento, con la voce “personale” che è pari al 77,6% delle risorse destinate al funzionamento. Diversamente si presenta il rapporto spese di funzionamento/stanziamenti complessivi per la funzione “aiuti economici ai Paesi in via di sviluppo” dove raggiunge solo lo 0,6% delle risorse complessive. Il personale incide sul funzionamento per una percentuale pari a 48,6%.
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\(^{12}\) Sulla stessa funzione-obiettivo il Ministero del tesoro gestisce rilevanti somme, soprattutto per i trasferimenti per il funzionamento dell’Unione Europea, per un totale di circa 26.578 mld.
\(^{13}\) Sulle risorse complessive per “aiuti economici internazionali”, 869 mld sono contributi a fondi di sviluppo economico sociale, amministrati dal Ministero del tesoro.
\(^{14}\) Calcolata considerando il rapporto impegni totali/massa impegnabile.
2.3 Analisi della spesa per Centri di Responsabilità.
(in miliardi di lire)
| Centri di Responsabilità | Stanziamenti definitivi di competenza | Impegni di competenza | % |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------|-----------------------|----|
| Gabinetto e uffici di diretta collaborazione all’opera del Ministro | 20,1 | 15,2 | 75,6 |
| Segreteria generale | 24,2 | 21,8 | 90,4 |
| Cerimoniale diplomatico della Repubblica | 16,1 | 12,3 | 76,1 |
| Ispettorato generale dei Ministero e degli uffici all’estero | 10,0 | 7,9 | 79,4 |
| Direzione generale per il personale | 47,0 | 40,8 | 86,9 |
| Direzione generale per gli affari amministrativi, di bilancio e il patrimonio | 1.244,5 | 1.163,4 | 93,5 |
| Servizio stampa e informazione | 45,1 | 43,8 | 96,9 |
| Servizio per l’informatica, le comunicazioni e la cifra | 56,9 | 54,4 | 95,6 |
| Direzione generale per la cooperazione e lo sviluppo | 1.300,9 | 1.119,6 | 86,1 |
| Direzione generale per la promozione e la cooperazione culturale | 332,2 | 309,7 | 93,2 |
| Direzione generale per gli italiani all’estero e le politiche migratorie | 141,4 | 131,5 | 93,0 |
| Direzione generale per gli affari politici multilaterali ed i diritti umani | 452,5 | 441,1 | 97,5 |
| Direzione generale per la cooperazione economica e finanziaria multilaterale | 104,5 | 101,2 | 96,8 |
| Istituto diplomatico | 8,3 | 7,4 | 89,4 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi dell’Europa | 110,5 | 101,7 | 92,0 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi delle americhe | 15,1 | 14,1 | 93,2 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi del mediterraneo e del medio oriente | 12,5 | 10,8 | 86,8 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi dell’Africa sub sahariana | 11,3 | 6,0 | 53,0 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi dell’Asia, dell’Oceania, del Pacifico e l’Antartide | 7,9 | 6,7 | 84,5 |
| Direzione generale per l’integrazione europea | 20,8 | 9,5 | 46,0 |
| Totale | 3.982,9 | 3.619,8 | 90,9 |
Le risorse sono ripartite su venti Centri di Responsabilità; tra queste la Direzione generale per l’integrazione europea ha l’indice più basso di impegni di competenza rispetto agli stanziamenti (di competenza). Questi dati sono sostanzialmente confermati dall’osservazione del rapporto massa impegnabile/impegni totali. Per la Direzione generale per la cooperazione allo sviluppo l’analisi è rinviata al paragrafo 6), che affronta nel dettaglio l’attività svolta dalla Struttura.
2.4 Incrocio della classificazione economica semplificata con i Centri di Responsabilità.
Le spese di funzionamento raggiungono il 43,8% del totale degli stanziamenti di competenza del Ministero, di cui il 77,6% per il personale, mentre gli interventi sono pari al 54,9% dell’intero stanziamento. La residua quota è ripartita tra le voci “investimenti” ed “altre spese”.
La classificazione economica semplificata ripartisce gli stanziamenti definitivi in tre categorie: spese di funzionamento 1.746,2 mld, di cui 1.356,6 mld per il personale; spese per interventi 2.187,3 mld; spese per investimenti 33,6 mld.
La quota più rilevante delle spese di funzionamento, pari a 1.202,7 mld, come già osservato al paragrafo precedente, è gestita dalla Direzione generale per gli affari amministrativi, di bilancio e il patrimonio, con 988,8 mld esclusivamente per il personale; mentre le maggiori risorse per interventi sono attribuite alla Cooperazione allo sviluppo – 1.226,0 mld rispetto ai 74,8 mld di funzionamento, di cui 36,3 mld di personale.
La tabella che segue offre un quadro generale degli stanziamenti definitivi assegnati ai Centri di Responsabilità.
| Centri di Responsabilità | Funzionamento | di cui personale | interventi | investimenti | Altre spese | Totale |
|---------------------------------------------------------------|---------------|------------------|------------|--------------|-------------|--------|
| Gabinetto e uffici di diretta collaborazione all’opera del Ministro | 20,0 | 17,8 | 0 | 104 | 0 | 20,1 |
| Segreteria generale | 20,0 | 11,4 | 4,0 | 78 | 0 | 24,2 |
| Cerimoniale diplomatico della repubblica | 16,1 | 5,7 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 16,1 |
| Ispettorato generale del Ministero e degli uffici all’estero | 9,9 | 4,7 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 10,0 |
| Direzione generale per il personale | 46,9 | 37,2 | 0 | 138 | 0 | 47,0 |
| Direzione generale per gli affari amministrativi, di bilancio e il patrimonio | 1.202,7 | 988,8 | 0 | 26,1 | 15,6 | 1.244,5|
| Servizio stampa e informazione | 9,1 | 5,1 | 35,9 | 40 | 0 | 45,1 |
| Servizio per l’informatica, le comunicazioni e la cifra | 50,3 | 10,9 | 0 | 6,6 | 0 | 56,9 |
| Direzione generale per la cooperazione allo sviluppo | 74,8 | 36,3 | 1.226,0 | 0 | 0 | 1.300,9|
| Direzione generale per la promozione e la cooperazione culturale | 212,0 | 187,5 | 120,0 | 69 | 0 | 332,2 |
| Direzione generale per gli italiani all’estero e le politiche migratorie | 25,2 | 9,1 | 116,0 | 101 | 0 | 141,4 |
| Direzione generale per gli affari politici multilaterali ed i diritti umani | 9,6 | 7,2 | 442,9 | 57 | 0 | 452,5 |
| Direzione generale per la cooperazione economia e finanze multilaterale | 10,2 | 8,9 | 94,2 | 61 | 0 | 104,5 |
| Istituto diplomatico | 8,2 | 2,1 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 8,3 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi dell’Europa | 8,4 | 6,1 | 102,1 | 40 | 0 | 110,5 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi delle americhe | 4,6 | 3,3 | 10,5 | 21 | 0 | 15,1 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi del mediterraneo e del medio oriente | 4,0 | 3,2 | 8,4 | 21 | 0 | 12,5 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi dell’Africa sub sahariana | 3,4 | 2,5 | 7,9 | 20 | 0 | 11,3 |
| Direzione generale per i paesi dell’Asia, dell’Oceania, del Pacifico e l’Antartide | 4,0 | 3,1 | 3,8 | 23 | 0 | 7,9 |
| Direzione generale per l’integrazione europea | 5,7 | 4,9 | 14,9 | 43 | 0 | 20,8 |
| **Totale** | **1.746,2** | **1.356,6** | **2.187,3**| **33,6** | **15,6** | **3.982,9**|
3. Organizzazione e personale.
3.1 Profili generali.
Con la riforma della carriera diplomatica, attuata sulla base della delega conferita al Governo dalla legge n. 266 del 1999\(^{15}\), esercitata con il d.lgs. 24 marzo 2000, n. 85, l’organico è
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\(^{15}\) La legge 28 luglio 1999, n. 266 ha conferito al Governo delega per il riordino delle carriere diplomatica e prefettizia, nonché disposizioni per il restante personale del Ministero degli affari esteri, per il personale militare del
stato rafforzato, passando da 938 unità a 1.119, mentre è stato ridotto il numero dei gradi (da 7 a 5)\(^{16}\). Il 2% è riservato agli ambasciatori (22), il 19% ai Ministri Plenipotenziari (208), il 21% ai Consiglieri d'Ambasciata (232), il 24% ai Consiglieri di Legazione (270) ed il 34% ai Segretari di Legazione (387).
La tabella che segue riepiloga la situazione del personale in organico ed in servizio nell'ultimo biennio.
| Anni | Diplomatici | Dirigenti | Aree funzionali | Contrattisti | Totale |
|------|-------------|-----------|-----------------|--------------|--------|
| | organico | in servizio | organico | in servizio | organico | in servizio | organico | in servizio |
| 1999 | 938 | 934 | 30 | 27 | 4.517 | 3.731 | 2.027 | 1.864 | 7.512 | 6.558 |
| 2000 | 1.119 | 960 | 54 | 33 | 4.265 | 3.656 | 2.027 | 1.896 | 7.465 | 6.546 |
| 2001 | 1.119 | 988 | 54 | 41 | 4.517 | 3.902 | 2.027 | 1.981 | 7.717 | 6.912 |
Per quanto attiene al riordino del personale a contratto delle sedi all'estero\(^{17}\), nel corso del 2001 è stato completato l'iter per la ridefinizione delle piante organiche ed è stato portato a termine il processo di riforma e di riordino del personale a contratto degli Uffici all'estero. In particolare, sono state definite le ipotesi di contratto di impiego secondo la legge locale di 110 Paesi, mentre per il contingente residuale di impiegati con contratto di legge italiana sono stati definiti i criteri per l'applicazione di diversi istituti del CCNL comparto Ministeri.
E' migliorata la situazione dell'organico dell'area della promozione culturale, il cui adeguamento era uno degli obiettivi indicati nelle direttive generali del Ministro già per l'anno 2000. Nel secondo semestre dell'esercizio in esame è stato avviato e condotto a termine il riordino e la razionalizzazione del personale a contratto degli Istituti Italiani di Cultura, sulla base della legge locale o, per chi ne aveva titolo, sulla base della legge italiana per il personale a contratto di ambasciate e consolati.
Per quanto concerne il personale di ruolo dell'area della promozione culturale, nel 2001, sono stati conferiti incarichi dirigenziali a dieci unità tra vincitori e idonei del concorso espletato nel 2000 e ad un dirigente appartenente al Ruolo Unico, già in servizio presso il Ministero ai sensi della legge n. 401 del 1990.
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\(^{16}\) Ministero della difesa, per il personale dell'Amministrazione penitenziaria e per il personale del Consiglio superiore della magistratura.
\(^{17}\) L'art. 2 del d.lgs. n. 85 ha rideterminato la dotazione organica della carriera diplomatica, prevedendo un incremento del 20% ed ha previsto una circoscritta introduzione della contrattazione con le rappresentanze di categoria in materia di trattamento economico e per alcuni aspetti del rapporto di lavoro.
\(^{17}\) La disciplina è stata modificata dal d.lgs. n. 103 del 7 aprile 2000, in attuazione dell'art. 4 della legge delega n. 266 del 1999.
3.2 L'Istituto Diplomatico e l'attività di formazione.
All'Istituto Diplomatico è affidata la formazione del personale della carriera diplomatica e del personale appartenente ai nuovi profili professionali. Si avvale di docenti esterni, in quanto non dispone di un proprio corpo docente e si rivolge ad università italiane e straniere, ad istituti culturali ed ad altri enti per l'organizzazione dei corsi\(^{18}\). L'Istituto ha un ruolo di progettazione e organizzazione di tutta la attività di formazione.
L'organizzazione dei corsi di formazione e di aggiornamento professionale per segretari di legazione e consiglieri di legazione è stata oggetto di apposita circolare (n. 16 del 19 ottobre 2000) del Segretario Generale, emanata sulla base dei dd.mm. n. 2527 e n. 2528 del 1° agosto 2000\(^{19}\), a conferma della particolare attenzione dell'Amministrazione per l'attività formativa e di aggiornamento professionale del personale\(^{20}\).
In particolare per i funzionari diplomatici, ammessi in servizio con il grado iniziale di “Segretario di Legazione in prova” l’attività di formazione ha lo scopo di introdurre i diplomatici appena entrati in carriera alle complesse attività del Ministero, consentendo loro di effettuare periodi formativi all’estero, e di garantire, durante l’intero arco della carriera, un idoneo aggiornamento professionale.
Al XXXI corso di formazione hanno partecipato 45 vincitori del concorso che era stato bandito con d.m. 5 aprile 2000 n. 891.
Al Corso Superiore di Informazione Professionale hanno partecipato 14 consiglieri di legazione; sono stati 116 gli operatori dell’area della promozione culturale, destinati agli Istituti Italiani di Cultura, che hanno partecipato a tre corsi di aggiornamento professionale.
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\(^{18}\) I principali referenti esterni sono: la Commissione dell’Unione Europea, Harvad University, Ecole Nationale d’Administration, l’Eipa di Maastricht, Wilton Park di Londra, alcune delle principali Università italiane, la Conferenza dei rettori delle Università italiane (CRUI).
\(^{19}\) L’organizzazione dei corsi di formazione professionale per i funzionari diplomatici in prova e di aggiornamento per i segretari di legazione è demandata all’Istituto Diplomatico, d’intesa con la Direzione Generale per il Personale per la tempistica dei corsi stessi, in eventuale collaborazione con la Scuola Superiore della P.A.
\(^{20}\) L’art. 3 del d.lgs. 24 marzo 2000, n. 85, per il riordino della carriera diplomatica, prevede l’organizzazione di un corso di formazione professionale per i funzionari diplomatici in prova, della durata di nove mesi; un corso di aggiornamento per i segretari di legazione, della durata di almeno 6 mesi, propedeutico all’avanzamento al grado di consiglieri di legazione; un corso di aggiornamento per i consiglieri di ambasciata, della durata complessiva di almeno tre mesi, propedeutico all’avanzamento a Ministro Plenipotenziario.
Sono stati 116 gli operatori destinati agli Istituti Italiani di Cultura che hanno preso parte a tre corsi di aggiornamento professionale.
Le spese di funzionamento dell'Istituto Diplomatico (personale di 20 dipendenti, manutenzione della sede, spese telefoniche, etc..) si sostengono con capitoli a gestione unificata come per tutti gli altri Centri di responsabilità del Ministero degli affari esteri.
Per la preparazione alla carriera diplomatica e alle carriere internazionali i corsi sono stati attuati sotto il coordinamento e, in parte, il finanziamento dell'Istituto Diplomatico, da università e da Enti a vocazione internazionale, con un onere finanziario di circa 673 ml.
Si è tenuto il XXVI corso di Superiore Informazione per Consiglieri di Legazione, al quale hanno preso parte 25 diplomatici, con un onere finanziario è stato di 115 mln.
Il protocollo d'intesa del 18 novembre 1999 ed il contratto collettivo integrativo 1998/2001 aveva quantificato in 1550 circa, in relazione ai nuovi organici, il numero di passaggi interni da una posizione economica all'altra e tra le aree funzionali, da effettuarsi ai sensi dell'art. 3 del d.lgs. n. 266 del 1999. Ciò ha comportato un'intensa attività di riqualificazione del personale interessato, il cui inquadramento nei livelli superiori consentirà di effettuare le assunzioni previste del personale risultato vincitori concorsi.
4. Profili di attività istituzionale.
4.1 Segretariato Generale
Come già osservato nel paragrafo “sintesi e conclusioni”, il 2001 è stato l’anno in cui è entrata definitivamente a regime la riforma del dicastero, voluta dal d.P.R. n. 267 del 1999. In particolare, nell’ambito del Segretariato Generale si è consolidata la funzione dell’Unità di Coordinamento ed è stato avviata la costituzione dell’Unità per le Regioni\(^{21}\), con la realizzazione di circuiti informativi tra il Ministero e le Regioni. In particolare, è stata impostato un censimento delle attività delle Regioni che meritano di essere coordinate con le iniziative dell’Amministrazione degli affari esteri.
Sempre nell’ambito del Segretariato opera l’Unità di Crisi per la tutela e la sicurezza degli italiani all’estero, segue le crisi di rilevante entità politica ed interviene nei casi, che coinvolgono direttamente cittadini italiani\(^{22}\). Nel corso dell’esercizio in esame ha elaborato un
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\(^{21}\) L’Unità di coordinamento ha assorbito alcune strutture che prima della riforma erano inserite in altre direzioni generali, nella logica di accorpare nella Segreteria generale i servizi funzionali all’intero Dicastero, come il Coordinamento regionale, chiamato a svolgere un ruolo di sostegno ed indirizzo nei confronti delle regioni e delle autonomie locali, per garantire coerenza tra le loro attività internazionali e gli indirizzi generali di politica estera del Ministero.
\(^{22}\) Tali interventi sono stati effettuati nello Yemen, in Somalia, nella Colombia, nel Venezuela, nel Laos, nelle Filippine, in Namibia, nello Sri Lanka, nella Guinea Bissau, nella Croazia, nella Tunisia ed in Libia. In particolare, in
manuale operativo per la protezione dei connazionali e degli interessi italiani all’estero nelle aree di crisi.
Nell’ottobre 2001 ha iniziato ad operare, in collegamento operativo con le strutture interministeriali competenti nello specifico settore, il Coordinamento Antiterrorismo, che tra l’altro ha collaborato predisposizione delle misure finanziarie di contrasto anche ad individui e gruppi terroristici, presentate alle Nazioni Unite.
4.2 Direzione generale per gli italiani all’estero e le politiche migratorie.
Per quanto attiene alla realizzazione dell’anagrafe consolare l’Amministrazione ha dotato tutte le sedi consolari di un sistema informatico con i dati della collettività italiana residente. Al mese di luglio 2001 la collettività italiana all’estero ammontava a 3.983.148 connazionali, di cui 3.307.018 maggiorenni. L’Amministrazione ha sottolineato la necessità di disporre di una banca dati centralizzata “on-line”, che assicuri un’unica anagrafe integrata e possa essere utilizzata anche a supporto del voto degli Italiani nel mondo, il cui aggiornamento avvenga in tempo reale.
Le iniziative linguistico-culturali contribuiscono a mantenere l’identità nazionale ed i legami con l’Italia nelle nostre collettività all’estero e si sviluppano attraverso iniziative scolastiche che richiedono spesso la stipula di convenzioni tra i consolati e le autorità statali o regionali.
Nel corso del 2001, è stata completata la prima stesura dei singoli Piani-Paese, relativi ad iniziative linguistico-culturali a favore delle collettività italiane all’estero, che usufruiscono di contributi tratti dalle risorse assegnate al cap. 3135.
Nel settore della sicurezza sociale una particolare competenza è attribuita alle rappresentanze diplomatiche per l’erogazione dei trattamenti pensionistici ai cittadini italiani residenti all’estero. Nei Paesi con i quali sono stati sottoscritti accordi o convenzioni bilaterali (Canada, U.S.A., Argentina, Brasile, Uruguay, Venezuela, Australia) o sono in vigore regolamenti europei in materia di sicurezza sociale le domande di pensioni sono inoltrate direttamente dagli Istituti previdenziali locali.
Nel 2001, sono state pagate all’estero 401.358 pensioni, per un importo totale di circa 2.105 mld, comprensivi degli arretrati.
Tra i Paesi dell’U.E. è significativo il dato relativo al Belgio, dove sono in pagamento 17.695 pensioni; nei Paesi extracomunitari, la maggiore concentrazione di erogazioni si
hanno riguardato il sequestro di motopescherecci italiani, il sequestro di cittadini ed alcuni interventi per facilitare il rimpatrio.
riscontra in Canada (65.140), in Argentina (58.948) e negli Stati Uniti d’America (45.951). I dati suddetti dimostrano che molti connazionali, pur avendo maturato il diritto a pensione, continuano a risiedere nel Paese di accoglienza.
Una particolare attenzione merita l’attività svolta dalla Direzione generale nel settore delle politiche migratorie, in particolare sulle tematiche dell’immigrazione e dell’asilo\(^{23}\). Per un approfondimento delle politiche pubbliche dell’immigrazione si rinvia al capitolo sull’attività del Ministero dell’interno, paragrafo 6.
In questa sede si sottolinea il ruolo ormai consolidato che hanno le intese bilaterali come strumento per prevenire gli ingressi illegali. Gli accordi con i Paesi di provenienza degli immigrati sono favoriti dalla possibilità di riservare, nell’ambito della programmazione dei flussi, quote in favore dei lavoratori originari degli Stati che sottoscrivono accordi di riammissione.
**Accordi di riammissione entrati in vigore, firmati e da stipulare**
| Accordi entrati in vigore | Accordi firmati | Negoziazioni avviati |
|---------------------------|-----------------|----------------------|
| Data | Paese | Anno | Paese | Fase | Paese |
| 1994 | Polonia | 1997 | Georgia | Contatti | Bosnia |
| 1997 | Slovenia | 1998 | Marocco | Testo parafatto | Pakistan |
| 1997 | FYR Macedonia | 1999 | Spagna | Negoziazione in corso | Ucraina |
| 1997 | Lettonia | 2000 | Algeria – bloccata la ratifica da parte algerina | Negoziazione in corso | Senegal |
| 1998 | Romania | 2000 | Nigeria | Negoziazione in corso | Egitto |
| 1998 | Austria | 2001 | Malta | Negoziazione in corso | Filippine |
| 1998 | Croazia | 2001 | Sri Lanka | Negoziazione in corso | Cipro |
| 1998 | Albania | | | Contatti | India |
| 1998 | Jugoslavia | | | Contatti | Bangladesh |
| 1998 | Tunisia | | | Contatti | Cina |
| 1998 | Ungheria | | | Testo parafatto | Moldavia |
| 1998 | Lituania | | | Contatti | Turchia |
| 1998 | Bulgaria | | | Negoziazione avviata | Ghana |
| 1999 | Francia | | | Avviati contatti | Costa d’Avorio |
| 1999 | Estonia | | | Contatti | Ecuador |
| 1999 | Slovacchia | | | Contatti | Libano |
| 2000 | Svizzera | | | Presentato il testo | Iran |
| 2001 | Grecia | | | Contatti | Perù |
| 2001 | Spagna | | | Contatti | Siria |
*Dati al 10 aprile 2002.*
Le Rappresentanze diplomatiche e consolari hanno rilasciato nel corso del 2001, complessivamente, 947.322 (1.008.999 nel 2000); 723.513 visti Schengen Uniformi\(^{24}\), 186.230 visti nazionali\(^{25}\), 37.579\(^{26}\) visti a territorialità limitata. Il monitoraggio dei visti ha rilevato che un maggior controllo sui visti a territorialità limitata ha prodotto una diminuzione nell’uso delle
---
\(^{23}\) La materia dell’immigrazione è oggetto di un nuovo disegno di legge (795/S, 2454/C, 795-B/S attualmente all’esame del Senato, che ridisciplina il settore.
\(^{24}\) Visti Schengen Uniformi (VSU) di transito e soggiorno di breve durata o di viaggio (fino a 90 gg).
\(^{25}\) Visti Nazionali o per soggiorni di lunga durata (VN) per periodi superiori ai 90 gg.
\(^{26}\) Visti a validità territoriale limitata (VTL), validi soltanto per il Paese la cui Rappresentanza l’abbia rilasciato. Costituiscono una deroga al regime comune dei Visti Schengen Uniformi. | <urn:uuid:78d06f75-ca7e-4d48-bdb9-c9ccfa47ce27> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 52,085 |
Being a Councillor
A guide for Mid Sussex District Council
www.midsussex.gov.uk/elections
Being a Councillor
A guide for Mid Sussex District Council
Contents
What do councillors do?
Councillors are ordinary people doing an extraordinary job. They are people who are elected to the local council to represent people in their local community. They must either live or work in the area.
Becoming a councillor is both a rewarding and privileged form of public service. You will be in a position to make a difference to the quality of other people's daily lives and prospects. However, being an effective councillor requires both commitment and hard work.
Every day, councillors have to balance the needs and interests of residents, their political party (if any) and the Council. These will all make legitimate demands on a councillor's time - on top of the demands and needs of a councillor's personal and professional life. Your role as a councillor often depends on your experience and commitment.
Before you consider becoming a councillor you may want to discuss it with your family and friends to ensure that they are aware that you will need their support and understanding. You may be spending a lot of your spare time on council business.
What does being a councillor involve?
Councillors have a wide-ranging role and it is up to each individual councillor to choose how they work. This can include many different things:
* Representing the ward they are elected to serve
* Developing and reviewing council policy on a range of issues
* Decision-making
* Scrutinising the decisions taken by the executive Cabinet
* Community leadership and engagement.
* Regulatory duties
The Local Government Association asked Councillors 'what does being a councillor involve?' A helpful video can be found here: https://youtu.be/_TJNkpOvVHQ
Cllr Anne Eves
I was inspired to stand for office because I believe even very local initiatives, like converting old phone boxes into libraries, can improve people's lives.
Since being elected I have set up a repair café - a good way to bring people together and avoid things going to landfill. I've been involved in planting trees around town to provide shade, and sowing wildflower verges to help the pollinators. I've set up a bicycle donation scheme for Ukrainian refugees.
It is satisfying helping residents with casework & guiding them through the maze of three-tier local government. My role is often to connect people who will be better off for knowing each other; introducing a newly retired man to The Shed, for example, or a champion BMX rider to the officer responsible for the BMX track.
Councillors don't just sit in meetings; they also spend time at local events, milling about and staying in touch with the community. It's our job to represent people to their council.
Finally, some of the best advice I was given is to plan your time off, because it can be very busy!
Who will I be representing?
The Mid Sussex district is divided into areas, known as wards, and each ward elects a councillor or a number of councillors, depending on the size of the ward.
Mid Sussex district has 3 town councils and 21 parish councils.
For many councillors, representing residents is the most important part of their role. This can involve lots of different things, but usually means district councillors will spend time:
* listening to the views of local people so that they know what problems and issues exist in their area
* working with the council officers to bring about improvements to their area
* ensuring that the needs of their residents are taken into account when the Council is making decisions about how it is run, what services it should provide and how it should spend its money
* holding surgeries where local people can drop in with questions
* offering support to local schools, community groups, businesses and other organisations.
* getting involved in local campaigns
Whilst councillors have a special duty to their electors, including those who did not vote for them, the main duty is to the whole community of Mid Sussex. 4
Will I be able to make decisions?
All district councillors are involved in making decisions about how the Council is run, what services the Council should provide, and how it should spend its money.
Mid Sussex District Council
Full Council is made up of all 48 councillors and is responsible for agreeing the Council's overall policy and financial framework. This includes making decisions about major council strategies, agreeing the Council's annual budget and agreeing the level of Council Tax each year.
Most other decisions are proposed by either the Cabinet, which consists of seven councillors who are each responsible for a particular area of the Council's work, or by individual Cabinet Members. Some decisions are delegated to council officers.
The Council's Constitution sets out how Mid Sussex District Council operates, how decisions are made and the procedures which are followed to ensure that these are efficient, transparent and accountable to local people.
Am I able to get involved in investigating the Council's work?
Committee meeting
Some councillors who are not in the Cabinet are members of a Scrutiny Committee. A Scrutiny Committee allows residents to have a greater say in council matters by holding in depth reviews of decisions made or actions taken. These lead to reports and recommendations which advise the Cabinet and Council as a whole on its policies, budget and service delivery. This committee has the right to investigate any aspect of Council business and make recommendations about how it should be changed. They can also 'call in' decisions made by the Cabinet or by individual Cabinet Members and ask that the procedures by which these decisions were reached be reviewed. Scrutiny is the crucial process of looking at the work and decisions of the executive. As well as the close examination of Council work, it can also look at the work of partners and involve the community and interested parties.
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Will I be expected to go to political meetings?
If you are a member of a political party you will be expected to attend political group meetings, as well as party training and events.
Will I be involved in community leadership or engagement?
District, Town and Parish councils are not the only organisations that affect the quality of the local area. Many other organisations and agencies play an important role too, from public services such as the NHS and the Police to businesses, charities, and voluntary and community groups.
Community leadership should encourage these organisations and agencies to work together with the councils to make Mid Sussex a better place for everyone who lives and works here.
Since councillors do not control these organisations and agencies their role as a community leader involves :
* fostering a shared understanding across all these different organisations about key local issues
* acting as a public face of the District Council.
* co-ordinating the actions of these organisations to make sure that everyone is working together in the most effective way
Councils deliver a significant amount of work through partnerships with other services and agencies. Therefore, you may have opportunities to sit on partnership boards or committees for health, regeneration and community partners to name just a few. Remember though that this will often involve additional meetings and background preparation.
Queens Canopy
Tree Planting
Mid Sussex Applauds
Awards Ceremony
Will there be other duties?
Some councillors may sit on quasi-judicial committees, for example a planning or licensing committee, which take non-political decisions on planning and licensing applications, respectively.
Policy Working Groups may also be arranged to help the Council develop policies and strategies aimed at making a better Mid Sussex.
Fibre Dig-Site
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What skills do I need to be a councillor?
Diverse groups tend to make better informed decisions, so it is important that the Council not only represents the communities it serves, but also has a wide range of skills and experience. That's where you come in.
The knowledge and experience you have picked up through your personal and professional life is important. While you don't need any special or formal qualifications to be a councillor, having or being able to develop the following skills, knowledge and attributes will help you in your role:
* problem solving and analytical skills - this includes being able to get to the bottom of an issue and to think of different ways to resolve it, including advantages and disadvantages of each. Understanding and acting on issues of local concern and representing all sections of the community. Evaluating arguments and making decisions that balance public needs and local policy. Analysing information quickly and presenting arguments in a clear, meaningful and accessible way.
* communication skills - these include listening and interpersonal skills, public speaking skills, the ability to accept alternative points of view as well as the ability to negotiate, mediate and resolve conflict.
* team working - including being able to work with others in meetings and on committees and being able to complete any tasks on time that you agree to do. Scrutinising and challenging decision makers, acting as a critical friend who provides constructive feedback. Building positive relationships with colleagues, council staff and the wider community by working together.
* ability to engage with your local community - you may have to make yourself available through meetings, the media, the internet, public forums, debates, on the phone and face to face at regular sessions, called surgeries. You should be able to act consistently with integrity when representing the views of your political group and communicating their values in decisions and actions.
* organisational skills - these include being able to plan and manage your time, keep appointments and meet deadlines.
* technological skills – you will be expected to have a degree of confidence in using technology in your work at the Council. Residents and officers will have an expectation to contact you via email. The Council provides agendas and committee papers to you. Some meetings and briefings will be held virtually, and all committee meetings will be livestreamed. Your engagement with the Council may include the use of e-forms.
You might have specific skills and knowledge gained from professional experience or from working with other groups. These might be:
* the needs of specific groups, such as children and young people, disabled people, older people or those with health problems
* housing, regeneration or environmental issues
* an understanding of financial management and reporting processes
* legal and regulatory systems or procedures.
But don't worry if you think you don't yet have some of the skills or confidence to be a councillor. Mid Sussex District Council has a variety of support, training and information available to new and experienced councillors.
More guidance and advice is also available from:
* Improvement and Development Agency for Local Government
* Department for Levelling Up, Housing & Communities
* Local Government Association
* The Electoral Commission
What is a district councillor's workload like?
* Councillors should attend the six Full Council Meetings each year. They will also be asked to serve on one or more of the committees. There is some variation in how often these committees meet, but it is usually monthly or bi-monthly. Councillors must not let their attendance slip for more than six months otherwise they will be disqualified
* They will also need to attend relevant training sessions
* In addition to attendance, councillors need to spend time reading reports and becoming familiar with the issues they deal with so that they can make informed decisions
* Some councillors take on extra responsibilities, such as becoming a Cabinet Member, chairing a
* Councillors who are members of political groups are also required to attend group meetings and agree action prior to meetings
committee, or acting as a party group leader. These activities increase a councillor's workload
* Many councillors represent the Council on outside bodies (including charities) such as Mid Sussex Voluntary Action, neighbourhood associations and youth, business, community interest and environmental groups.
* Most councillors also attend meetings in their wards and residents contact them frequently about matters of concern.
Do councillors get paid?
District councillors are not paid a salary. However, they do get allowances to cover some of the costs of being a councillor. These fall into three categories:
* Basic Allowance - all councillors receive a basic allowance which is paid monthly. This allowance recognises the time councillors spend working in their wards and attending meetings, and seeks to reimburse out-of-pocket expenses incurred by councillors (for example stationery, telephone costs and IT equipment)
* Travelling and Subsistence Allowances - councillors may claim travel and subsistence allowances for certain approved duties, such as attending committee meetings. A carer's allowance is also paid if a councillor needs to cover the cost of caring for a dependent relative while they attend Council business.
* Special Responsibility Allowances - councillors who hold particular positions of responsibility, either within the council or within their political group, are paid this allowance
Full Council annually determines the level of these allowances, in the light of recommendations received from an Independent Panel.
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My story
Cllr Rodney Jackson
I have been interested in community issues for many years and became a member of Hurstpierpoint and Sayers Common Parish Council in 1991. I have served continuously on the Parish Council for over 30 years. At the turn of the century, I joined a local pressure group "Hurst 2000" with the objective of getting the Parish Council to provide more for the villages - with much success. I have been interested in rural policy issues and have been a member of the Association of Local Councils at District, County and National levels.
I have been concerned over the years with rural disadvantage e.g. relatively high property values, limited or non- existent public transport, poor mobile phone and broadband connectivity, etc. Interest over a wider area meant I stood a number of times as a
Liberal Democrat candidate for the District Council. I was elected to the District Council in 2019.
The District Council provided a number of training sessions on planning, finance, licensing and the use of virtual technology as well as many briefing workshops on upcoming issues. The officers of the council although very busy were always helpful in providing advice, especially helpful in dealing with casework from residents.
Overall a worthwhile experience and I intend to stand again at the next election.
What training will I be offered?
After election to the District Council, councillors receive an induction pack and follow a programme of training that introduces them to the Council's structure and processes. There will be a high number of training sessions during 2023. It is important that a prospective councillor understands that there will be heavy demands on their time in the first couple of months after the election.
Councillors will then receive ongoing learning opportunities and support through in-person training sessions and an e-learning platform to help them fulfil their role. It is necessary to attend these in order to keep up to date with legislation and also to continually develop skills in order too best serve electors.
Some training, such as planning, licensing and scrutiny skills, is mandatory for councillors sitting on those committees. Officers can also provide administrative and technical support to councillors. Support for councillors with special needs can also be provided.
Can I stand for election?
You can stand to become a district councillor if you:
* Are 18 or over on the day of the nomination
* Are a British, Commonwealth, Irish or European Union Citizen
* Live or work in Mid Sussex.
However, you cannot stand for District Council election if you:
* Are employed by another council in a job that has been designated as politically restricted, for example, where the law says that you have to be politically neutral
* Are a Mid Sussex District Council employee or are employed by a company under the control of the local Council
* Have, in the last five years, had a prison sentence (whether suspended or not) of three months or more
* Are disqualified from standing for election for some other reason, such as having been convicted of an election offence.
* Have been declared bankrupt
You should also know that if you have arrears of either Council Tax or Council housing rent then, if elected to be a councillor, you would not be able to vote on finance related matters.
Election count
What are the first steps?
If you are a member of a political party, or thinking of joining one, and you want to stand as their candidate then you need to contact that party. You can only stand as a representative of a registered political party if you are their authorised candidate. If you are not a member of a political party, then you can stand as an independent candidate. The Independent Group at the Local Government Association can provide advice to people standing as independent councillors (www.lga.gov.uk).
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12
Do I need to have an agent?
No, you don't need to have an agent to stand for election. An agent can help the candidate to run their campaign, but you can also perform these tasks yourself. It is crucial to keep track of the money spent conducting the campaign, as these figures must be included in the official candidate spending returns that must be made after the election.
What happens when?
Elections have to be run to a legal timetable. In Mid Sussex, Council elections are held every four years. All the deadlines are absolute, so it is important to know what you must do and when. The dates are worked out on the basis of how many days before or after the election they are (excluding weekends and Bank Holidays). The key dates and the candidate nomination pack will be published at our upcoming elections webpage in the Autumn of 2022.
* Nomination period starts the next working day, and closes at 4pm, 19 working days before the election
* Publication of the Notice of Election happens at least 25 working days before Election Day
* Publication of the Statement as to Persons Nominated must be published at least 18 days before
Election Day
* Changes to existing postal or proxy vote applications and new postal vote applications have to be made by 5pm, 11 working days before the election
* Appointment of election agents can be done at any time during the nomination period, and not later than 19 days before Election Day
* Closing date for new proxy vote applications is 5pm, 6 working days before the election
* Last day for the return of submissions and declarations of candidate spending returns is 35 calendar days after the declaration of the result (including weekends and Bank Holidays).
* Election Day - polling stations are open from 7am to 10pm and ballot boxes are then securely transferred to the count venue
What is the Code of Conduct?
All councillors must maintain the highest standards of conduct and ethics. Currently, they must sign a document agreeing to abide by the code. The Code of Conduct is a standard set nationally that lays out a level of conduct that councillors are expected to follow. A body known as the Standards Board enforces the code.
The Council has an officer, known as the Monitoring Officer, to help councillors make sure that they follow the Code of Conduct. All councillors are provided with training about the Code of Conduct.
A copy of the Council's Code of Conduct can be found at www.midsussex.gov.uk/memberscodeofconduct
Basic facts and figures about the District Council
Mid Sussex District Council covers an area of 128 square miles extending from north of the South Downs to the Surrey border and serves a population of approximately 143,000. The Council employs around 300 people. For elections from May 2023, the district will be divided into 27 wards from which 48 councillors are elected. Councillors are elected for a four-year period.
Maple Drive Opening
What does the Council do?
Mid Sussex District Council's main purpose is to be an effective Council delivering value for money services and helping to create a strong economy, environment and community.
* The Council has four key priorities:
*
* Effective and responsive services - strengthening the performance of all of the Council's services, with a particular focus on improving customer experience. •
* Sustainable economic growth - supporting existing businesses, encouraging new ones and attracting inward investment to the District.
*
* Strong and resilient communities - working with partner organisations to build sustainable communities that will deliver a better quality of life for all. •
* Financial independence - responding to reduced Government support by robust management of budgets and maximising income to be as financially self-sufficient as possible.
The Budget and Corporate Plan is prepared annually and a number of Flagship Activities under each priority are identified that the Council commits to achieving in the year ahead.
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Organisation of the Council •
*
* Council Officers are employed within the following directorates:
* Chief Executive - Head of Paid Service, implementation of leadership team, Legal and Democratic Services
* Deputy Chief Executive – Development Management, Planning Policy, Housing Enabling, Economic Development, Sustainability, Environmental Health, Community Services and Emergency Planning.
*
*
*
* Director of People & Commercial Services – Revenues & Benefits, Housing Options, Customer Services, Digital & Technology, Waste, Leisure, Landscapes, Contracts, Estates, Facilities, Building Control.
* Director of Resources and Organisational Development – Finance, Audit and Treasury, Insurance, Planning and Building Control Support, Local Land Charges, Policy & Performance, Programme, Service Redesign, HR, Payroll, Organisational Development, Communications & Marketing, Public Relations, Community Engagement & Development.
*
Working in Partnerships
The Mid Sussex Partnership
The Mid Sussex Partnership is a group of organisations from across Mid Sussex who work together to solve issues that affect the district.
Working together for a better future
A sustainable community is one which works to ensure a better quality of life for everyone now and for generations to come. To do this we must:
* Work together to tackle crime and antisocial behaviour (statutory duty)
* Offer services and infrastructure which are of a high quality, safe and accessible
* Enhance and protect resident's health and wellbeing
* Improve quality of life and community involvement
In the Mid Sussex Partnership, the Council works alongside the following organisations:
* West Sussex County Council
* Sussex Police
* Mid Sussex Association of Local Councils
* West Sussex County Council Public Health
* West Sussex Fire and Rescue Service
* Horsham and Mid Sussex Clinical Commissioning Group
* Clarion Future Communities
* Representatives from the Local Business Sector
* Representatives from Local Voluntary Organisations
Contact details for further information
firstname.lastname@example.org www.midsussex.gov.uk/elections Electoral Services - 01444 477003
15
Mid Sussex District Council Oaklands Oaklands Road Haywards Heath West Sussex RH16 1SS
Email: email@example.com
Website: www.midsussex.gov.uk
Telephone: 01444 458166
Need help accessing this service?
For information on translation services and obtaining publications in a different format Tel. 01444 458166 | <urn:uuid:1752072b-f542-4ac3-8d8c-f8a7112447b3> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 24,170 |
Saturday August 19, 2023
Cost:
Gladwin Field Trial Grounds
$50 - Event & Lunch $20 - Lunch Only
Parking lot of Alibi Hall (located off of Joy Road) Meredith, MI
Proceeds go toward conservation of forest wildlife and support of the local chapter.
Simple Directions to Location:
M-18 and go East on Meredith Grade Rd., turn left on Joy Rd. Follow the signs to Alibi Hall
Join the Roger Moore Chapter for this instructional, fun event.
Raffle tickets will be available for a new gun.
Schedule
Registration: 8:30 - 9 a.m.
MI DNR Presentation (Chad Stewart, Adam Bump, Bruce Barlow)
K-9 Injuries & Preventative Options (Dr. Scott Smith, West Branch Veterinary Services)
Lunch
Field Trial Presentation: If you are interested in participating in our field trial presentation, please contact Mike Singleton - 989-289-1819 for more information.
Habitat Tour
Ugly Dog Distillery Cocktail Hour
Pre-Registration requested but not required.
Please contact: Kevin Stewart
firstname.lastname@example.org or 810-516-7068 | <urn:uuid:d264549d-3f52-4aa0-8180-a160f3539c63> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 1,024 |
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ΚΛΑΔΟΣ
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ΠΡΑΞΗ ΠΥΣΔΕ
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Sijoitusstrategia
Sijoitusten hoitopalvelu Osake sopii sijoittajalle, joka haluaa pääosin osakepainotteisen vaihtoehdon. Strategia ei odotusarvoisesti sisällä lainkaan korkosijoituksia, mutta niitä voidaan käyttää salkunhoitajan näkemyksen ja markkinatilanteen mukaisesti alentamaan riskiä. Muiden kuin korkosijoitusten osuutta salkusta säädellään markkinatilanteen mukaan välillä 85–125 prosenttia.
Salkunhoitajan katsaus
Sijoitusten hoitopalvelu Osakkeen tuotto oli helmikuussa -1,2 %, kalenterivuoden alusta +0,6 % ja viimeisen 12 kuukauden aikana +6,1 %.
Suojasimme osan amerikkalaisia osakesijoituksiamme mahdollisen korjausliikkeen varalta. Onnistuneen suojauksen tuottovaikutus oli noin +0,7 prosenttiyksikköä osakeposition tuottoon. Osakemarkkinoilla nähtiin tammi-helmikuun vaihteessa korjausliike korkotason noustua. Helmikuussa hintaheilunta on kuitenkin asettunut normaalitasolle.
Helmikuun puolivälissä lisäsimme hieman pohjoismaisia ja kehittyvien markkinoiden osakkeita salkuissa. Pohjoismaissa viime kuukausien heikko momentti vaikuttaa kääntyneen ja markkinat hinnoittelevat jo maltillista tuloskasvua. Kehittyvillä markkinoilla arvostustaso on jonkin verran länsimarkkinoita alhaisempi, yritysten tuloskasvu ja tuloskasvuennusteiden trendi vastaavasti ovat vahvoja. Kehittyvät markkinat hyötyvät myös heikentyneestä dollarista.
Vakaa talouskasvu ja yritysten tuloskasvu antavat osakemarkkinoille positiivisen pohjavireen. Osakkeiden arvostustasot ovat historiallisia keskiarvoja korkeammalla, mutta tuloskasvun ohella osakesijoittamista puoltaa suhteellisesti houkutteleva tuotto-odotus erityisesti korkosijoituksiin nähden. Neljännen kvartaalin tuloskausi on sujunut hyvin ja tuloskasvuennusteita vuodelle 2018 on sen seurauksena nostettu hieman.
Sijoitusten hoitopalvelu
Osake
Helmikuu 2018
Osakepaino ja arvonkehitys
Sijoitusten jakauma omaisuusluokittain
Vaihtoehtoiset sijoitukset koostuvat mm. listaamattomista velkainstrumenteista ja kiinteistöistä. Niillä pyritään parantamaan riskikorjattua tuottoa, sillä tyypillisesti osakkeiden ja vaihtoehtoisten sijoitusten arvonheilahtelulla ei ole suurta keskinäistä riippuvuutta.
Tämä sijoituskorikatsaus ei ole kehotus merkitä tai lunastaa sijoituskorin osuuksia. Sijoituskorikatsausta laadittaessa on pyritty varmentamaan siinä käytettyjen tietojen oikeellisuus. Mandatum Life ei kuitenkaan vastaa katsauksen sisältämien tietojen mahdollisista virheistä tai puutteista. Sijoituskorin historiallinen kehitys ei ole tae tulevasta. Sijoituksen arvo voi nousta tai laskea ja näin ollen sijoittajat saattavat menettää sijoituskoriin sijoittamiaan varoja.
Mandatum Henkivakuutusosakeyhtiö, Postiosoite PL 627, 00101 Helsinki, Rekisteröity kotipaikka ja osoite Bulevardi 56, 00120 Helsinki, Suomi, Y-tunnus 0641130-2.
www.mandatumlife.fi
Arvo
1 kk
3 kk
12 kk
Vuonna
2018
Aloitus- päivästä
148,67
-1,23 %
1,51 %
6,12 %
0,60 %
48,67 %
Osakepaino on salkunhoidon pääasiallinen keino riskitason säätelemiseksi. Osakepainon kehitys on esitetty oheisessa kuvaajassa maalattuna alueena.
Sijoitusten hoitopalvelu
Osake
Helmikuu 2018
Suurimmat omistukset
Sijoitusten hoitopalvelu Osakkeen kokonaiskulut:
1,50 % p.a.*
*Laskettu edellisen kalenterivuoden toteutuneista kuluista, jotka sisältävät sijoituksen pääomasta perityt hallinnointi- ja säilytyspalkkiot, sekä tilinhoito- ja muut pankkikulut. Päivitetään vuosittain.
iShares Core S&P 500 ETF
sijoittaa laa- jasti USA:n osakemarkkinoille ja sisältää
noin 500 yhtiötä.
MGI Global Equity Fund on globaaleille
osakemarkkinoille sijoittava aktiivisesti hoidettu rahasto.
ML European Small & Mid Cap on eu-
rooppalaisiin pieniin ja keskisuuriin yhtiöihin sijoittava, aktiivisesti hoidettu sijoituskori.
Sijoituskorin tavoitteena on pitkällä aikavä- lillä ylittää vertailuindeksinsä tuotto.
MGI Emerging Markets Equity Fund on
globaaleille osakemarkkinoille sijoittava sijoitusrahasto.
MGI Eurozone Equity Fund on eurooppa-
laisille osakemarkkinoille sijoittava sijoitus- rahasto.
Mercer Sustainable Global Equity Fund on globaaleille osakemarkkinoille sijoittava
vastuullisuutta painottava sijoitusrahasto.
Amundi MSCI World Low Carbon UCITS
ETF
sijoittaa globaaleille osakemarkki- noille painottaen pienen hiilijalanjäljen yhti-
öitä.
ML Pohjoismaat Osake on pohjoismaisil-
le osakemarkkinoille sijoittava, aktiivisesti hoidettu sijoituskori. Sijoituskorin tavoittee-
na on pitkällä aikavälillä ylittää vertailuin- deksinsä tuotto.
ML Suomi Osake Rahasto on suomalaisille osakemarkkinoille sijoittava aktiivisesti hoidettu sijoitusrahasto.
Mandatum Henkivakuutusosakeyhtiö, Postiosoite PL 627, 00101 Helsinki, Rekisteröity kotipaikka ja osoite Bulevardi 56, 00120 Helsinki, Suomi, Y-tunnus 0641130-2.
www.mandatumlife.fi
ML Slim Tail Equity Fund on Yhdysvaltojen osakeindeksiin sijoittava rahasto, jonka strategia on välttää suuria laskukausia. Strategia hyödyntää yksinkertaisia mutta tehokkaita indikaattoreita. | <urn:uuid:0dda0aca-3e61-4499-bd7e-fea2482a811d> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fin_Latn/train | finepdfs | fin_Latn | 4,977 |
Dufur School District 29
Code: IGDB-AR
Revised/Reviewed: 9/03/96; 3/03/14
Orig. Code(s): IGDB-AR
Student Publications
(Grades K-8 only)
Student publications subject to review by school administrators include those which are:
1. School-sponsored (supported by district funds, equipment, etc.);
2. Part of the established curriculum;
3. Of benefit primarily to those who compile, edit and publish them;
4. Not by policy or practice open for indiscriminate use by the general public or students individually or as a group; or
5. Activities which students, parents and members of the public might reasonably perceive to bear the sanction or approval of the district.
Student publications will be reviewed by staff advisors and may be reviewed by other district administrators prior to printing and distribution. Materials may be modified or removed from publications for legitimate educational concerns. Such concerns include:
1. The material is or may be defamatory;
2. The material is inappropriate based on the age, grade level and/or maturity of the reading audience;
3. The material is poorly written, inadequately researched or biased or prejudiced;
4. Whether there is an opportunity for a named individual or named individuals to make a response;
5. Whether specific individuals may be identified even though the material does not use or give names; or
6. The material is or may be otherwise generally disruptive to the school environment. Such disruption may occur, for example, if the material uses, advocates or condones the use of profane language or advocates or condones the commission of unlawful acts.
Modifications or removal of items may be appealed in writing to the superintendent. The superintendent shall schedule a meeting within three school days of receiving the written appeal. Those present at the meeting shall include the individual(s) making the appeal, the individual(s) who made the decision to modify or remove materials and the superintendent. At the superintendent's discretion, the district's legal counsel may also attend the meeting. The superintendent shall make his/her decision within three school days of the meeting. The superintendent's decision shall be final and binding on all parties. | <urn:uuid:142939d3-e70e-419f-bf16-ed60cbc07ca4> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 2,246 |
CONGREGAZIONE delle SCUOLE di CARITÀ ISTITUTO CAVANIS
_______________________________________________
J. M. J.
Il Preposito Generale
COMMEMORATION DE 250 ANS DE LA NAISSANCE DU VENERABLE SERVITEUR DE DIEU PERE ANTOINE ANGEL CAVANIS
« Voici le jour que fit le Seigneur, qu'il soit pour nous jour de fête et de joie » (Ps 117,24)
Estimés Laïcs, Bienfaiteurs et Collaborateurs Cavanis,
En date du 16 janvier 1772 dans la cité de Venise, Dieu le Père dans sa bonté permettait la naissance d'un enfant qui, dans ses desseins, était destiné à réaliser des grandes oeuvres de charité comme prêtre et comme fondateur d'un Institut Religieux qui aurait comme mission d'accueillir, protéger, instruire et éduquer les enfants et jeunes avec amour paternel. Son père Jean a écrit dans le journal quotidien : « Priant le Seigneur Dieu pourqu'il daigne te bénir ; que la joie de ta naissance croisse de plus en plus et que tu puisses parvenir à une vie chrétienne vigoureuse, toujours reconnaissant au Seigneur et aux personnes. Amen ». Nous, ses fils spirituels, avons aujourd'hui la grâce de célébrer cet anniversaire avec un coeur plein de reconnaissance, avec responsabilité d'affronter les défis présents et un regard plein d'espérance tourné vers le futur.
Une célébration véritable et fructueuse exige toujours un examen de conscience personnel et institutionnel, avec intention de découvrir des perspectives et de travailler sans fatigue avec des objectifs à moyen et long terme. Comme Eglise, nous sommes entrain de vivre un moment privilégié avec le chemin synodal qui nous a été proposé par le Pape François. Je crois que les questions posées durant son homélie en la solennité de l'Epiphanie du Seigneur de cette année, nous aident à refléchir avec honnêteté sur notre voyage de foi, de voir à quel point nous nous trouvons avec notre vocation et notre engagement pour le charisme. Il n'est pas seulement pour nous question de savoir si le verre est à moitié vide ou plein, mais aussi de savoir pour combien de temps nous sommes capables de le maintenir. Notre consécration baptismale et religieuse qui nous insère dans la vie communautaire est, avant tout, pour favoriser notre conversion à un style de vie non pas à notre manière, mais à la manière de Dieu.
Nous ne pouvons pas nous contenter d'une connaissance déficitaire des sources de notre charisme. Qu'est-ce que savons-nous réellement de la vie du père Antoine ? Avons-nous la volonté et disponibilisons-nous le temps pour lire et méditer sur l'histoire de sa vocation, comment il a été éduqué, les évènements de sa vie, de son ministère sacerdotal avant de fonder l'association juvenile de la congrégation mariale, de sa relation avec son frère, sa responsabilité comme directeur de l'école, comme supérieur de l'Institut religieux, de ses correspondances et écrits ? Connaissonsnous et nous laissons-nous inspirer par la manière dont il a vécu heroïquement ses vertus ? La pédagogie de l'éducation familiale de la gratuité, de la paternité, de la synthèse de la formation de l'esprit et du coeur peuvent encore nous servir comme référence ? Qu'est-ce qui l'a motivé à dédier toute son existence et à persévérer jusqu'à la fin ? Il a été le premier à nous ouvrir le chemin.
Je propose qu'en cette année de la célébration du jubilé, nous nous engagions à connaître véritablement les vertus, souffrances, combats et joies qui ont entouré la vie du père Antoine. Nous devons le sentir vivant et marchant avec nous et ayant quelque chose à nous dire aujourd'hui. Notre vocation Cavanis est intimement liée à la trajectoire de sa vocation. Il nous a laissé l'exemple de la manière dont nous devons voir évangéliquement le commandement de Jésus qui brille comme un phare orientant les navires durant la tempête au milieu de la nuit plus ténébreuse : « Laissez venir à moi les enfants et ne les empêchez pas ; parce que le Royaume des cieux appartient à ceux qui leur ressemblent » (Mt 19,14). Il a fait l'option préférentielle pour les pauvres, comme Jésus, et il a été clairvoyant dans le choix révolutionnaire de l'éducation des classes populaires comme moyen privilégié pour les aider à devenir libres au sens le plus large du terme. Les enfants et les jeunes ayant besoin d'une bonne éducation à domicile sont nombreux, non seulement dans les pays pauvres mais aussi dans les sociétés riches. Grâce à la providence divine il n'a jamais manqué dans la vie de l'Institut cavanis des personnes généreuses venues au secours de la jeune fragile avec leur disponibilité, talents, prières et ressources financières. Il n'est possible d'accueillir beaucoup d'enfants et jeunes que grâce à votre collaboration les bienfaiteurs et collaborateurs. Que Dieu vous récompense avec tout ce dont vous avez besoin.
Nous ne pouvons pas perdre le vrai sens de la gratuité qui est fondamentale pour nous comprendre comme éducateurs Cavanis. La gratuité Cavanis était, est et sera toujours la donation gratuite et personnelle de notre vie. Même nos collaborateurs qui reçoivent un salaire participent de cette gratuité. Un véritable éducateur Cavanis ne peut être un simple fonctionnaire. L'amour avec lequel il éduque n'a pas de prix. La vie se génère avec la vie ! Jésus nous a enrichis avec sa pauvreté (2 Co 8, 9). Les membres d'une oeuvre qui ne cultivent pas les vertus de la vigilance, patience, sollicitude, espoir de fruits (force et courage) et de la prière (charité) (cf. Positio, p. CXV) sont entrain de faire un travail stérile construisant quelque chose qui, très tôt ou tard s'écroulera parce qu'il a sa fondation sur le sable. La sainteté n'expire et ne démode jamais, et c'est l'âme de notre apostolat.
Consolant son frère Marc après la déception de n'avoir pas réussi à récolter des fonds pour payer les énormes dettes de l'école, le Père Antoine a écrit : Regarde, ici dans ces mots est écrite notre histoire : Réjouis-nous autant de jours que tu nous as humiliés, autant d'années que nous avons vu le malheur (Ps. 90.15). Et que signifient tous ces beaux refus des marquis et des comtes ? Que l'oeuvre tombera? En aucune manière! C'est bien différent de ça. Cela signifie qu'elle est dans la tribulation, et que pour cette raison même Dieu veut la protéger et la rendre grande. Je te rassure que je ne suis ni troublé ou affligé. Je suis dans une belle paix, sans préoccupations, sans tremblements, et je me réjouis avec mes enfants qui, depuis hier, sont entrain de faire des exercices spirituels, où nous prions aussi pour toi et t'attendons de tout notre cœur pour écouter tes enseignements sur les grandeurs de l'esprit, au moins dans les derniers jours de prière… » (Positio, p. XCIX). Ceci est un aspect de la personnalité du Vénérable Père Antoine que Dieu a préparé et à qui il a confié la tâche de guider l'Institut dans ses premiers temps.
Demandons la grâce de nous disponibiliser, avec tous les moyens qui nous sont offerts, nous donnant de corps et âme aux Écoles de Charité et que nous soyons certains d'être formés dans les vertus que nos Vénérables Pères nous ont laissées comme exemple, sous la protection de la Mère des Ecoles de Charité et de notre Saint Patron Saint Joseph de Calasanz.
Sola in Deo sors!
Dans la fraternité des Vénérables Pères Antoine et Marc Cavanis.
Rome, 16 de janvier 2022
_____________________________________
P. MANOEL R. P. ROSA C.S.Ch. – PREPOSITO G.
Curia Generalizia Istituto Cavanis Via Casilina, 600 00177 Roma Tel e fax (06) 2427309
firstname.lastname@example.org [+39 371 456 6246] | <urn:uuid:c82877de-8a34-4bb8-8feb-9a692fe76fd1> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fra_Latn/train | finepdfs | fra_Latn | 7,520 |
GIOIA – GIANNI VERSACE
Mazzo:
Tipo: Singolo Doppio
Dorso:
Semi: Salvo errore,il mazzo, della MODIANO, è ancora sigillato, i semi sono i classici "francesi":
Contenitore: Le carte sono in un'apposita scatolina che ha sui due lati l'immagine riprodotta dalla foto qui sotto: | <urn:uuid:1dbde79e-868e-4057-8112-b7adc07d3970> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 284 |
Students of history are often perplexed when they discover that it is impossible to make a comprehensive statement about what ancient people believed regarding the afterlife. In *Imagining the Afterlife in the Ancient World*, editor Juliette Harrison brings together ten essays that address the complexity of this topic. Her brief introduction raises important theoretical questions that undergird the contributions, especially regarding the relationship between cultural products, such as texts or grave sites, and the actual beliefs of the ancients. The challenge is to discern “not simply what people in the ancient world ‘believed’ about the afterlife, but how they *imagined* it” (9).
The first two essays focus on Greek funerary sites. Molly Evangeline Allen’s essay explores representations of the afterlife in Classical Athens, primary as depicted on *lēkythoi*, the most popular funerary vessel in the 5th century BCE. The most common image on funerary vessels from the 8th to the 5th centuries BCE was the *prothesis*, or the laying out of the corpse for visitation and mourning. This preparatory scene was gradually displaced, and by the 5th century BCE, the graveside scene was the most popular, perhaps signaling that Athenians had begun to care more about the ongoing happiness of the deceased. Nick Brown then looks closely at the complex modes of signification involved in burials. Using the example of one Phrasikleia, whose grave includes both an inscription and an accompanying statue, Brown examines how epigrams evoke multiple forms of identity (the one inscribed, the one represented as a statue and the one buried in the grave); the bereaved engages with each of these identities differently.
The next three essays shift to Roman and Etruscan funerary sites. Isabella Bossolino examines demons on Etruscan sarcophagus reliefs to make important functional distinctions among them; this challenges past scholarship that had treated most Etruscan demons as generic and interchangeable in function and representation. Josipa Lulić then considers a collection of Mercury images that is
relatively unique to 2nd- and 3rd-century Dalmatia: their uniqueness is marked by Mercury holding two rods in his hands, as opposed to the more common single rod. Mercury as a psychopomp usually serves an important role in ancient imagistic religion (articulated first by Harvey Whitehouse in *Inside the Cult: Religious Innovation and Transmission in Papua New Guinea* [1995], *Arguments and Icons: Divergent Modes of Religiosity* [2000] and *Modes of Religiosity: A Cognitive Theory of Religious Transmission* [2004]), meant to evoke a fuller narrative about the afterlife. The Dalmatian Mercuries, however, are all found in isolation, absent of other motifs that help tie them to underworld settings. The isolation and the provincial setting lead Lulić to propose that, stripped of their important imagistic contexts, Dalmatian Mercuries would have been “left as a magical amulet[s], perhaps contaminated with the image of traveling magicians” (78) who frequently used their wands in their trade. Finally, Gabriela Ingle analyzes the function of dining scenes in Roman tombs. Banquet portrayals certainly serve a commemorative purpose, but they also, she suggests, become in themselves a powerful substitute for the rites involved in care of the dead. Because the images were, in some sense, immortal, they could function long after the people who performed the rites were gone.
Three more essays deal with the imagination of the afterlife in literature. Safari F. Grey nuances our conception of the afterlife in Homer’s *Odyssey*, arguing that it should be understood in a more expanded way than it has hitherto been. In particular, the semantic domains of darkness, dreams/sleep and anonymity are all varieties of afterlives, in Grey’s view, and when we realize this, it becomes clear that “for most of the *Odyssey*, Odysseus is, for all intents and purposes, dead” (115). His return home is simultaneously a return to the realm of the living. Stephanie Crooks then wants to construct the nexus of afterlife possibilities that inform Daphnis’ tomb in Virgil’s *Eclogue 5*; this nexus involves increased attention to commemorative tombs and the increasingly prominent “Circeronian discourse on merit-based deification” (129). Harrisson’s own contribution deals with the boundaries of the “real” in Propertius 4.7. Using an intriguing point of comparison (online commentary of modern ghost folklore), she finds that Propertius deployed generic folklore motifs in his story to produce a certain ambiguity about the “truth” of his work, and in doing so, raised other questions about what might be possible in the afterlife.
Two closing essays look at the afterlife in late antiquity. Julia Doroszewska and Janek Kucharski investigate the rhetorical afterlife of *maschalismos*, an apotropaic rite involving the amputation of a murderer’s limbs before hanging them around their torso. Not only are the origins and purpose of *maschalismos* unclear, but also the literary evidence for it is extremely thin. Doroszewska and Kucharski
reveal that its linguistic origins lie in animal sacrifice, but interpreters gradually imbued it with a sartorial nuance derived from wrapping of a garment around a body. Hence, the “afterlife” of this tradition may have been unrecognizable to the earliest authors who mentioned it. The closing essay belongs to Frances Foster, who examines Servius’ interpretation of Virgil’s underworld in the *Aeneid*. Her discussion illuminates how ancient teachers worked through their own “classics” with their students and tried to reconcile apparent inconsistencies.
These essays attend to many fascinating aspects of imagining the afterlife: the literary/material portrayals, the creators of the representations, the bereaved persons and the wider communal settings, *inter alia*; as such, it is strongly recommended for scholars of classics and ancient religion. Some closing praise: this volume features several emerging scholars alongside more established ones. Harrison should be heartily commended for including these scholars in such a project, instead of reinforcing outdated academic hierarchies.
SARAH E. ROLLENS
*Rhodes College*, email@example.com | <urn:uuid:e17d0dbf-3b3e-4d7f-abae-a427e248b2f5> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 6,295 |
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Análise da aplicação das metodologias de avaliação da capacidade de carga nas unidades de conservação brasileiras
Analysis of the application of methodologies for assessing the loading capacity in brazilian protected areas
Wilson de Souza 1 Maria da Penha Padovan 2
RESUMO
Este trabalho analisa a aplicação dos principais métodos de avaliação da Capacidade de Carga nas Unidades de Conservação brasileiras, a partir dos trabalhos publicados nos Congressos Brasileiros de Unidades de Conservação. A pesquisa identificou que no período de 1997 a 2004, nos quatro congressos realizados, foram publicados 326 trabalhos, no entanto, apenas onze, relacionados com o tema de Capacidade de Carga, o que representa 3,4% do total. Destes trabalhos, a maior parte aplicou a metodologia de Capacidade de Carga Turística elaborada por Cifuentes (1992), a maioria foi realizada em unidades do Grupo de Proteção Integral na Mata Atlântica (mais especificamente no Estado de São Paulo) e sob a ótica dos próprios autores, os resultados da aplicação dos métodos foram considerados positivos. Apesar dos roteiros oficiais para elaboração de planos de manejo estabelecer a necessidade de realização dos estudos de capacidade de carga, há uma tendência decrescente na publicação de trabalhos sobre o tema.
Descritores: Meio Ambiente – Gestão; Unidade de Conservação; Capacidade de Carga.
ABSTRACT
This study analyzes the application of the principal methods for assessing the Loading Capacity in Brazilian Protected Areas, basing on works published in Congresses of Brazilian Protected Areas. The research identified that between 1997 and 2004, years in which four congresses were realized, 326 works were published. Out of these works published, only 11 were related to Loading Capacity, representing 3.4% of the total number of works published. Within these eleven works, a greater part applied the methodology of Loading Capacity elaborated by Cifuentes (1992). Majority of these works were realized in the Integral Protection Group Units in the Atlantic Forest (specifically in the state of Sao Paulo) and in the point of view of the authors, the results of the application of these methods were considered positive. Despite the official directions for elaborating management plans to establish the necessity of realizing studies about loading capacity, there is a decreasing tendency in the publication of works relating to loading capacity.
Key words: Environmental Management; Protected Areas; Loading Capacity.
1 Geógrafo, Especialista: Análise de Dados Espaciais (UFES, 1999); Educação Ambiental e Gestão Ambiental (Fac. SABERES, 2006) - Secretaria de Meio Ambiente da Prefeitura Municipal de Vitória/ES, firstname.lastname@example.org
2 Bióloga, MSc. Conservação de Biodiversidade – Faculdade Saberes e Coordenação de Meio Ambiente do INCAPER –ES, email@example.com
INTRODUÇÃO
Originalmente, as áreas silvestres protegidas foram concebidas para o usufruto do ser humano e consideradas como criações da sociedade moderna designadas para o benefício da humanidade. No entanto, unidades de conservação abertas à visitação sem planejamento e estrutura podem colocar em risco sítios peculiares e susceptíveis à degradação (FARIA e LUTGENS, 1997).
Embora o reconhecimento de que as atividades de uso público podem ocasionar danos aos recursos naturais não seja recente, nas últimas décadas há uma tendência ao incremento do uso recreativo, educacional e turístico nestes espaços protegidos sem que, na maioria das vezes, sejam adotadas medidas visando controlar os impactos resultantes destas ações.
O impacto da visitação é inevitável e a medição da capacidade de suporte dos sítios é uma ferramenta que pode contribuir para minimizar os seus efeitos (TAKAHASHI, 1998). O conceito estabelecido inicialmente para a medição da capacidade de carga evoluiu de uma análise meramente quantitativa para uma avaliação da qualidade da visitação. Identificou-se que muitos problemas gerados pelo uso recreativo não eram função do número de pessoas, mas de seu comportamento (CIFUENTES, 1992; CEBALLOS-LASCURÁIN, 1996).
O conceito de capacidade de carga foi revisado e ganhou novas dimensões. Para o Serviço Nacional de Parques dos Estados Unidos, o tipo e o nível de uso podem ser conciliados enquanto mantém os recursos naturais e as condições sociais que integram os objetivos de manejo da unidade de conservação.
Este trabalho analisa o resultado da aplicação de estudos de capacidade de carga nas unidades de conservação do Brasil considerando os principais métodos utilizados para este fim: Limite Aceitável de Câmbio – LAC (STANKEY ET AL. 1985); Manejo do Impacto de Visitação – VIM (LOOMIS E GRAEFE, 1992); Capacidade de Carga Turística – CCT (CIFUENTES, 1992); Espectro de Oportunidade de Recreação – ROS (MITTMANN, 1993) e Experiência do Visitante e Proteção dos Recursos – VERP (PLAN, 2004).
MÉTODOS
Foi feita a revisão dos métodos disponíveis para a medição de capacidade de carga em unidades de conservação. Foi feito também, o levantamento dos trabalhos publicados sobre capacidade de carga nos anais dos quatro Congressos Brasileiros de Unidades de Conservação realizados no período de 1997 a 2004. Identificou-se o método utilizado em cada caso e fez-se uma análise dos resultados da aplicação do mesmo a partir da avaliação dos próprios autores. Fez-se uma análise integral dos resultados obtidos.
RESULTADOS
Nos quatro Congressos avaliados foram publicados 326 artigos, dos quais onze foram relacionados com a avaliação de capacidade de carga em Unidades de Conservação.
No primeiro Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação realizado em Curitiba em novembro do ano de 1997, foram apresentados mais de 140 trabalhos e 73 foram selecionados e publicados. Destes, apenas dois trabalhos eram específicos sobre a avaliação de capacidade de carga.
No Congresso seguinte, realizado em Campo Grande, em novembro de 2000, foram inscritos mais de 250 trabalhos, sendo que 95 foram selecionados para publicação e oito deles eram diretamente relacionados com o tema de capacidade de suporte.
O terceiro Congresso foi realizado em setembro de 2002, em Fortaleza, no qual foram inscritos para avaliação, seleção e publicação cerca de 140 artigos. Foram selecionados 81 trabalhos e apenas um relacionado com o estudo de capacidade de carga.
No último Congresso de Unidades de Conservação ocorrido em Curitiba, em outubro de 2004, não houve publicação de nenhum trabalho relacionado com o tema de capacidade de carga em um universo de 77 trabalhos selecionados. Neste Congresso foram inscritos para avaliação, seleção e publicação cerca de 440 artigos.
Na análise dos onze artigos publicados sobre capacidade de carga constatou-se, em relação ao método utilizado, que a maioria dos trabalhos, ou seja, 45% aplicaram o método de medição da Capacidade de Carga Turística elaborado por CIFUENTES (1992); 18% utilizaram o método VIM; 9% utilizaram o método LAC; 9% o ROS e 18% não fizeram uso dos métodos em estudo ou não utilizaram metodologia específica. Cabe ressaltar que para a metodologia VERP não houve registro (Figura 1).
Figura 1. Resultado da análise do método utilizado para medição da capacidade de carga nos trabalhos avaliados.
CCT
VIM
LAC
ROS
outros
Foi analisada também a categoria de manejo das unidades de conservação, sua localização em relação ao bioma e ao Estado da federação, além dos resultados da aplicação do método de acordo com os próprios autores, os quais estão sintetizados no Quadro 1.
Quadro 1. Resumo dos dados analisados nos trabalhos publicados sobre a capacidade de carga.
ANÁLISE DOS RESULTADOS
Embora o tema uso público e ecoturismo em unidades de conservação tenha merecido destaque em três dos quatro congressos já realizados, dentre os 326 trabalhos publicados, apenas onze artigos trataram de estudos de capacidade de carga, representando 3,4% da totalidade dos artigos publicados.
Apesar da importância do evento, o IV Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação não publicou nenhum trabalho referente à aplicação de metodologia de avaliação de capacidade de carga. Observou-se que os métodos foram aplicados em sua maioria em unidades de conservação do grupo de Proteção Integral presentes no Bioma Mata Atlântica e localizadas predominantemente no Estado de São Paulo.
Nos onze trabalhos analisados, identificou-se que houve predominância na utilização do método Cifuentes, seguido do método VIM, e dos métodos LAC e ROS. Em dois dos trabalhos avaliados verificou-se que os autores, apesar de terem as metodologias como referências, não empregaram nenhuma delas especificamente.
Com relação aos resultados da aplicação dos métodos pode-se inferir, a partir da visão dos próprios autores, que o método Cifuentes mostrou-se de fácil aplicação e adaptação a situações diversas, resultando em rapidez, eficiência e praticidade, desde que sejam levadas em conta as especificidades do local. O método VIM, demonstrou ser um bom instrumento de manejo, mas os autores preferem não emitir parecer conclusivo sobre a aplicação do mesmo como rotina de trabalho dos administradores das UC's.
No que diz respeito ao método LAC, constatou-se a facilidade de adaptação do mesmo a diferentes situações e que ajuda a definir a eficiência de alternativas de uso e ações corretivas de manejo, bem como se os objetivos da UC estão sendo cumpridos ou não.
De modo geral, na maioria dos trabalhos houve adaptação das metodologias para aplicação em cada local.
CONCLUSÕES E RECOMENDAÇÕES
O presente trabalho evidenciou que tem sido feito muito pouco ou tem sido dada pouca visibilidade aos trabalhos realizados sobre a capacidade de carga em unidades de conservação.
Considerando a crescente demanda para a visitação pública nas UCs, os impactos decorrentes deste uso e a importância da utilização de instrumentos técnicos que possam minimizar estes impactos, e, considerando ainda, que os roteiros oficiais para a elaboração de Planos de Manejo estabelecem a necessidade do estudo de capacidade de carga, sugere-se que esta pesquisa seja extendida às UCs com plano de manejo elaborado e implementado, de modo que se possa identificar mais precisamente como tem sido desenvolvidos os estudos e o monitoramento da capacidade de suporte nas unidades de conservação brasileiras.
A avaliação mais precisa sobre a eficácia e eficiência dos métodos vai depender da freqüência da aplicação dos mesmos. A adoção destes métodos, certamente irá
contribuir para o controle dos impactos do uso público sobre os recursos naturais favorecendo o alcance dos objetivos de conservação.
REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS
Binelli, A. A.; Pinho, A. M. e Magro, T. C. 1997. Adaptação do Método de Miguel Cifuentes para determinação da Capacidade de Carga em trilhas do Município de Brotas, SP. In: Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação, Curitiba. Anais: v. 2, p. 320 – 332. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação.
Carvalho, J.L.; Robim, M.J.; Starzynski, R.; Fontes, M.A. 2000. A Influência do pisoteio em propriedades físicas do solo na trilha da praia do sul do Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais, p. 306 – 315. Rede Nacional PróUnidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Ceballos-Lascuráin, H. 1996. Tourism, ecotourism and protected areas. In: IV Protected Areas World Congress. IUCN.
Cifuentes, M. 1992. Determinación de capacidad de carga turística em áreas protegidas. Centro Agronômico Tropical de Investigacion y Enceñanza - CATIE. Programa de Manejo Integrado de Recursos Naturales. Turrialba, Costa Rica: 1992. 28 p. (Série técnica, 194).
Faria, H. H. e Lutgens, H. D. 1997. Estudo da Capacidade de Carga Turística de uma área de Recreação da Estação Experimental e Ecológica de Itirapina, SP. In: Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação, Curitiba. Anais: v. 2, p. 320 – 332. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação.
Freixedas-Vieira, V.M.; Passold, A.J.; Magro, T.C. 2000. Impactos do uso público. Um guia de campo para a utilização do método VIM. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais, p. 296 – 305. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Loomis, L. e Graefe, A.R. 1992. Overview of NPCA's Visitor Impact Management Process.
Magro, T.C. 2000. Manejo do impacto de visitantes nos Parques Nacionais do Iguaçu e do Itatiaia: experimentando o método VIM. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais. Rede Nacional PróUnidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Mittmann, H. J. 1993. Recreation management within the multiple use management concept of the United States Forest Service. In: LIER, H.N.; TAYLOR, P.D. New challenges in recreation and tourism planning. New York: Elsevier.
Plan, M. R. 2004. Visitor experience and resource protection. Yosemite National Park,Estados Unidos. Disponível em:<www.nps.gov/yose/planning/mrp/2000/ finalmpr/html/mrpverp.htm>. Acesso em: 15 jun. 2006.
Raimundo, S. e Vilani, P. 2000. Estudo da capacidade de carga e proposta de regulamentação do rafting no Núcleo Santa Virgínia. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais, p. 232 – 242. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Robim, M.J. 2000. Capacidade de carga do Parque Estadual da Ilha Anchieta: aplicabilidade do método Cifuentes. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Shirley Noely Hauff. 2000. Aplicação do Espectro de Oportunidades de Recreação (ROS) para as unidades de conservação brasileiras. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais, p. 270 – 276. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Stankey, G.H.; Cole, D.N.; Lucas, R.C.; Petersen, M.E.; Frissell, S.S. 1985. The Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC) System for wilderness Planning. Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Odgen, UT, USA.
Tamborim, S.R. e Magro, T.C. 2000. Capacidade de carga de uma trilha no Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar – Núcleo Picinguaba. In: II Congresso Brasileiro de Unidades de Conservação (2:2000: Campo Grande). Anais, p. 279 – 287. Rede Nacional Pró-Unidades de Conservação. Fundação O Boticário de Proteção à Natureza.
Takahashi, L. Y. 1998. Caracterização dos visitantes, suas preferências e percepções e avaliação dos impactos da visitação pública em duas unidades de conservação do Estado do Paraná. 129 f. Tese (Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Florestal, Setor de Ciências Agrárias) – Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba.
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To be completed by Lender:
Lender Loan No./Universal Loan Identifier
Agency Case No.
T
Uniform Residential Loan Application
Verify and complete the information on this application. If you are applying for this loan with others, each additional Borrower must provide information as directed by your Lender.
Section 1: Borrower Information. This section asks about your personal information and your income from employment and other sources, such as retirement, that you want considered to qualify for this loan.
Name (First, Middle, Last, Suffix)
Social Security Number
-
-
(or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number)
Date of Birth
Citizenship
Alternate Names – List any names by which you are known or any names under which credit was previously received (First, Middle, Last, Suffix) (mm/dd/yyyy)
U.S. Citizen
/
/
Permanent Resident Alien
Non-Permanent Resident Alien
Type of Credit
List Name(s) of Other Borrower(s) Applying for this Loan
I am applying for individual credit.
(First, Middle, Last, Suffix) – Use a separator between names
I am applying for joint credit. Total Number of Borrowers:
Each Borrower intends to apply for joint credit. Your Initials:
Marital Status
Dependents (not listed by another Borrower)
Married
Number
Separated
Ages
Unmarried
(Single, Divorced, Widowed, Civil Union, Domestic Partnership, Registered Reciprocal Beneficiary Relationship)
Contact Information
Home Phone ()
-
Cell Phone ()
-
Work Phone ()
-
Ext.
Email
Current Address
Street
Unit #
City
State
ZIP
Country
How Long at Current Address?
Years
Months Housing
No primary housing expense Own Rent ($
/month)
If at Current Address for LESS than 2 years, list Former Address
Does not apply
Street
Unit #
City
State
ZIP
Country
How Long at Former Address?
Years
Months Housing
No primary housing expense Own Rent ($
/month)
Mailing Address – if different from Current Address
Does not apply
Street
Unit #
City
State
ZIP
Country
Does not apply
Employer or Business Name
Phone ()
-
Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
Position or Title
Check if this statement applies:
Start Date / /
(mm/dd/yyyy)
How long in this line of work? Years
Months
I am employed by a family member, property seller, real estate agent, or other party to the transaction.
I have an ownership share of less than 25%.
Monthly Income (or Loss)
Check if you are the Business Owner or Self-Employed
I have an ownership share of 25% or more.
$
Gross Monthly Income
Base
$
/month
Overtime $
/month
Bonus
$
/month
Commission $
/month
Military
Entitlements $
/month
Other
$
/month
TOTAL $
/month
1a. Personal Information
1b. Current Employment/Self Employment and Income
Does not apply
Employer or Business Name
Phone ()
-
Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
Position or Title
Check if this statement applies:
Start Date /
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
How long in this line of work? Years
Months
I am employed by a family member, property seller, real estate agent, or other party to the transaction.
I have an ownership share of less than 25%.
Monthly Income (or Loss)
Check if you are the Business Owner or Self-Employed
I have an ownership share of 25% or more.
$
Gross Monthly Income
Base
$
/month
Overtime $
/month
Bonus
$
/month
Commission $
/month
Military
Entitlements $
/month
Other
$
/month
TOTAL $
/month
Does not apply
Provide at least 2 years of current and previous employment and income.
Employer or Business Name
Phone ()
-
Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
Previous Gross Monthly
Income $
/month
Position or Title
Start Date /
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
End Date /
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
Check if you were the Business Owner or Self-Employed
Does not apply
Include income from other sources below. Under Income Source, choose from the sources listed here:
Alimony
Automobile Allowance
Boarder Income
Capital Gains
Child Support
Disability
Foster Care
Housing or Parsonage
Interest and Dividends
Mortgage Credit Certificate
Mortgage Differential Payments
Notes Receivable
Public Assistance
Retirement (e.g., Pension, IRA)
Royalty Payments
Separate Maintenance
Social Security
Trust
Unemployment Benefits
VA Compensation
Other
NOTE: Reveal alimony, child support, separate maintenance, or other income ONLY IF you want it considered in determining your qualification for this loan.
Income Source– use list above
Monthly Income
$ $ $
Provide TOTAL Amount Here $
1c. IF APPLICABLE, Complete Information for Additional Employment/Self-Employment and Income
1d. IF APPLICABLE, Complete Information for Previous Employment/Self-Employment and Income
1e. Income from Other Sources
Section 2: Financial Information — Assets and Liabilities. This section asks about things you own
that are worth money and that you want considered to qualify for this loan. It then asks about your liabilities (or debts) that you pay each month, such as credit cards, alimony, or other expenses.
2a. Assets – Bank Accounts, Retirement and Other Accounts you Have
Include all accounts below. Under Account Type, choose from the types listed here:
Checking
Certificate of Deposit
Stock Options
Savings
Mutual Fund
Bonds
Money Market
Stocks
Retirement (e.g., 401k, IRA)
Bridge Loan Proceeds
Trust Account
Individual Development Account
Cash Value of Life Insurance (used for the transaction)
2b. Other Assets and Credits You Have
Does not apply
Include all other assets and credits below. Under Asset or Credit Type, choose from the types listed here:
Assets
Credits
Proceeds from Real Estate Property to be sold on or before closing
Proceeds from Sale of
Non-Real Estate Asset
Secured Borrowed Funds
Unsecured Borrowed Funds
Other
Asset or Credit Type – use list above
Earnest Money
Employer Assistance
Lot Equity
Provide TOTAL Amount Here
Relocation Funds
Sweat Equity
Rent Credit
Trade Equity
Cash or Market Value
$
$
$
$
$
2c. Liabilities – Credit Cards, Other Debts and Leases that You Owe
Does not apply
List all liabilities below (except real estate) and include deferred payments. Under Account Type, choose from the types listed here:
Revolving
(e.g., credit cards)
Installment
(e.g., car, student, personal loans)
Open 30-Day
(balance paid monthly)
Lease (not real estate)
Other
Account Type
Company Name
Account Number
Unpaid Balance
To be paid off at or before Closing
$
$
$
$
$
2d. Other Liabilities and Expenses
Does not apply
Include all other liabilities and expenses below. Choose from the types listed here:
Alimony
Child Support
Separate Maintenance
Job Related Expenses
Effective 1/2021
Monthly Payment
$
$
$
$
$
Monthly Payment
$
$
$
Other
Section 3: Financial Information — Real Estate. This section asks you to list all properties you currently own and what you owe on them. I do not own any real estate
If you are refinancing, list the property you are refinancing FIRST.
Address Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
For 2-4 Unit Primary or Investment Property
Property Value
Status: Sold,
Pending Sale, or Retained
Intended Occupancy:
Investment, Primary
Residence, Second
Home, Other
Monthly Insurance, Taxes,
Association Dues etc.
if not included in Monthly
Mortgage Payment
Monthly Rental
Income
For LENDER to Calculate:
Net Monthly Rental Income
$
$
$
$
Mortgage Loans on this Property
Does not apply
Creditor Name
Account Number
Monthly
Mortgage
Payment
Unpaid Balance
To be paid off at or before closing
TypeFHA, VA,
Conventional,
USDA-RD, Other
Credit Limit
(if applicable)
$
$
$
$
$
$
Does not apply
Address Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
For 2-4 Unit Primary or Investment Property
Property Value
Status: Sold,
Pending Sale, or Retained
Intended Occupancy:
Investment, Primary
Residence, Second
Home, Other
Monthly Insurance, Taxes,
Association Dues etc.
if not included in Monthly
Mortgage Payment
Monthly Rental
Income
For LENDER to Calculate:
Net Monthly Rental Income
$
$
$
$
Mortgage Loans on this Property
Does not apply
Creditor Name
Account Number
Monthly
Mortgage
Payment
Unpaid Balance
To be paid off at or before closing
TypeFHA, VA,
Conventional,
USDA-RD, Other
Credit Limit
(if applicable)
$
$
$
$
$
$
Does not apply
Address Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
For 2-4 Unit Primary or Investment Property
Property Value
Status: Sold, Pending Sale, or Retained
Intended Occupancy:
Investment, Primary
Residence, Second
Home, Other
Monthly Insurance, Taxes,
Association Dues etc.
if not included in Monthly
Mortgage Payment
Monthly Rental
Income
For LENDER to Calculate:
Net Monthly Rental Income
$
$
$
$
Mortgage Loans on this Property
Does not apply
Creditor Name
Account Number
Monthly
Mortgage
Payment
Unpaid Balance
To be paid off at or before closing
TypeFHA, VA,
Conventional,
USDA-RD, Other
Credit Limit
(if applicable)
$
$
$
$
$
$
3a. Property You Own
3b. IF APPLICABLE, Complete Information for Additional Property
3c. IF APPLICABLE, Complete Information for Additional Property
Section 4: Loan and Property Information. This section asks about the loan's purpose and the property you want to purchase or refinance.
YES
YES
Loan Amount $
Loan Purpose
Purchase
Refinance
Other (specify)
Property Address Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
County
Number of Units
Property Value$
Occupancy
Primary Residence
Second Home
Investment Property FHA Secondary Residence
1. Mixed-Use Property. If you will occupy the property, will you set aside space within the property to operate your own business? (e.g., daycare facility, medical office, beauty/barber shop)
NO
2. Manufactured Home. Is the property a manufactured home? (e.g., a factory built dwelling built on a permanent chassis)
NO
Does not apply
Creditor Name
Lien Type
Monthly Payment
Loan Amount/
Amount to be Drawn
Credit Limit
(if applicable)
First Lien Subordinate Lien $
$
$
First Lien Subordinate Lien $
$
$
For Purchase Only
Does not apply
Complete if the property is a 2-4 Unit Primary Residence or an Investment Property
Expected Monthly Rental Income
$
For LENDER to calculate: Expected Net Monthly Rental Income
$
Does not apply
Include all gifts and grants below. Under Source, choose from the sources listed here:
Community Nonprofit
Employer
Federal Agency
Local Agency
Relative
Religious Nonprofit
State Agency
Unmarried Partner
Lender
Other
Asset Type: Cash Gift, Gift of Equity, Grant
Deposited/Not Deposited
Source– use list above
Cash or Market Value
Deposited Not Deposited
$
Deposited Not Deposited
$
4a. Loan and Property Information
4b. Other new Mortgage Loans on the Property you are Buying or Refinancing
4c. Rental Income on the Property You Want to Purchase
4d. Gifts or Grants You Have Been Given or Will Receive for this Loan
Freddie Mac Form 65 · Fannie Mae Form 1003
Section 5: Declarations. This section asks you specific questions about the property, your funding, and your past financial history.
A. Will you occupy the property as your primary residence?
NO
If YES, have you had an ownership interest in another property in the last three years?
NO
If YES, complete (1) and (2) below:
(1) What type of property did you own: primary residence (PR), FHA secondary residence (SR), second home (SH), or investment property (IP)?
(2) How did you hold title to the property: by yourself (S), jointly with your spouse (SP), or jointly with another person (O)?
B. If this is a Purchase Transaction: Do you have a family relationship or business affiliation with the seller of the property?
NO
C. Are you borrowing any money for this real estate transaction (e.g., money for your closing costs or down payment) or obtaining any money from another party, such as the seller or realtor, that you have not disclosed on this loan application? If YES, what is the amount of this money?
NO
$
D. 1. Have you or will you be applying for a mortgage loan on another property (not the property securing this loan) on or before closing this transaction that is not disclosed on this loan application?
NO
2. Have you or will you be applying for any new credit (e.g., installment loan, credit card, etc.) on or before closing this loan that is not disclosed on this application?
NO
E. Will this property be subject to a lien that could take priority over the first mortgage lien, such as a clean energy lien paid through your property taxes (e.g., the Property Assessed Clean Energy Program?
NO
F. Are you a co-signer or guarantor on any debt or loan that is not disclosed on this application?
NO
G. Are there any outstanding judgments against you?
NO
H. Are you currently delinquent or in default on a Federal debt?
NO
I. Are you a party to a lawsuit in which you potentially have any personal financial liability?
NO
J. Have you conveyed title to any property in lieu of foreclosure in the past 7 years?
NO
K. Within the past 7 years, have you completed a pre-foreclosure sale or short sale, whereby the property was sold to a third party and the Lender agreed to accept less than the outstanding mortgage balance due?
NO
L. Have you had property foreclosed upon in the last 7 years?
NO
M. Have you declared bankruptcy within the past 7 years?
If YES, identify the type(s) of bankruptcy:
Chapter 7
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
NO
5a. About this Property and Your Money for this Loan
5b. About Your Finances
Effective 1/2021
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Section 6: Acknowledgments and Agreements. This section tells you about your legal obligations when you sign this application.
Acknowledgments and Agreements
Definitions:
"Lender" includes the Lender's agents, service providers, and any of their successors and assigns.
"Other Loan Participants" includes (i) any actual or potential owners of a loan resulting from this application (the "Loan"), (ii) acquirers of any beneficial or other interest in the Loan, (iii) any mortgage insurer, (iv) any guarantor, (v) any servicer of the Loan, and (vi) any of these parties' service providers, successors or assigns.
I agree to, acknowledge, and represent the following:
(1) The Complete Information for this Application
If the information I submitted changes or I have new information before closing of the Loan, I must change and supplement this application, including providing any updated/supplemented real estate sales contract.
The information I have provided in this application is true, accurate, and complete as of the date I signed this application.
For purchase transactions: The terms and conditions of any real estate sales contract signed by me in connection with this application are true, accurate, and complete to the best of my knowledge and belief. I have not entered into any other agreement, written or oral, in connection with this real estate transaction.
Any intentional or negligent misrepresentation of information may result in the imposition of:
The Lender and Other Loan Participants may rely on the information contained in the application before and after closing of the Loan.
(a) civil liability on me, including monetary damages, if a person suffers any loss because the person relied on any misrepresentation that I have made on this application, and/or
(b) criminal penalties on me including, but not limited to, fine or imprisonment or both under the provisions of Federal law (18 U.S.C. §§ 1001 et seq.).
(2) The Property's Security
The Loan I have applied for in this application will be secured by a mortgage or deed of trust which provides the Lender a security interest in the property described in this application.
(3) The Property's Appraisal, Value, and Condition
The Lender and Other Loan Participants have not made any representation or warranty, express or implied, to me about the property, its condition, or its value.
Any appraisal or value of the property obtained by the Lender is for use by the Lender and Other Loan Participants.
(4) Electronic Records and Signatures
The Lender and Other Loan Participants may keep any paper record and/or electronic record of this application, whether or not the Loan is approved.
If this application is created as (or converted into) an "electronic application", I consent to the use of "electronic records" and "electronic signatures" as the terms are defined in and governed by applicable Federal and/or state electronic transactions laws.
(a) electronic signature; or
I intend to sign and have signed this application either using my:
(b) a written signature and agree that if a paper version of this application is converted into an electronic application, the application will be an electronic record, and the representation of my written signature on this application will be my binding electronic signature.
I agree that the application, if delivered or transmitted to the Lender or Other Loan Participants as an electronic record with my electronic signature, will be as effective and enforceable as a paper application signed by me in writing.
(5) Delinquency
If I have trouble making my payments I understand that I may contact a HUD-approved housing counseling organization for advice about actions I can take to meet my mortgage obligations.
The Lender and Other Loan Participants may report information about my account to credit bureaus. Late payments, missed payments, or other defaults on my account may be reflected in my credit report and will likely affect my credit score.
(6) Authorization for Use and Sharing of Information
(a) process and underwrite my loan;
By signing below, in addition to the representations and agreements made above, I expressly authorize the Lender and Other Loan Participants to obtain, use, and share with each other (i) the loan application and related loan information and documentation, (ii) a consumer credit report on me, and (iii) my tax return information, as necessary to perform the actions listed below, for so long as they have an interest in my loan or its servicing:
(b) verify any data contained in my consumer credit report, my loan application and other information supporting my loan application;
(d) perform audit, quality control, and legal compliance analysis and reviews;
(c) inform credit and investment decisions by the Lender and Other Loan Participants;
(e)
perform analysis and modeling for risk assessments;
(g)
other actions permissible under applicable law.
SIGN
Borrower Signature
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
/
/
Additional Borrower Signature
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
/
/
SIGN
Effective 1/2021
(f) monitor the account for this loan for potential delinquencies and determine any assistance that may be available to me; and
Section 7: Military Service. This section asks questions about your (or your deceased spouse's) military service.
YES
Military Service – Did you (or your deceased spouse) ever serve, or are you currently serving, in the United States Armed Forces?
NO
If YES, check all that apply:
Currently serving on active duty with projected expiration date of service/tour
/
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
Currently retired, discharged, or separated from service
Only period of service was as a non-activated member of the Reserve or National Guard
Surviving spouse
Section 8: Demographic Information. This section asks about your ethnicity, sex, and race.
The purpose of collecting this information is to help ensure that all applicants are treated fairly and that the housing needs of communities and neighborhoods are being fulfilled. For residential mortgage lending, Federal law requires that we ask applicants for their demographic information (ethnicity, sex, and race) in order to monitor our compliance with equal credit opportunity, fair housing, and home mortgage disclosure laws. You are not required to provide this information, but are encouraged to do so. You may select one or more designations for "Ethnicity" and one or more designations for "Race." The law provides that we may not discriminate on the basis of this information, or on whether you choose to provide it. However, if you choose not to provide the information and you have made this application in person, Federal regulations require us to note your ethnicity, sex, and race on the basis of visual observation or surname. The law also provides that we may not discriminate on the basis of age or marital status information you provide in this application. If you do not wish to provide some or all of this information, please check below.
Ethnicity: Check one or more
Race: Check one or more
Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native – Print name of enrolled or principal tribe:
Mexican
Puerto Rican
Cuban
Other Hispanic or Latino – Print origin:
Asian
Asian Indian Chinese Filipino
For example: Argentinean, Colombian, Dominican,
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Salvadoran, Spaniard, and so on.
Other Asian – Print race:
Not Hispanic or Latino
For example: Hmong, Laotian, Thai, Pakistani, Cambodian, and so on.
I do not wish to provide this information
Black or African American
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
Native Hawaiian
Guamanian or Chamorro Samoan
Sex
Other Pacific Islander – Print race:
Female
Male
For example: Fijian, Tongan, and so on.
I do not wish to provide this information
White
I do not wish to provide this information
To Be Completed by Financial Institution (for application taken in person):
Was the ethnicity of the Borrower collected on the basis of visual observation or surname?
NO YES
Was the sex of the Borrower collected on the basis of visual observation or surname?
NO YES
Was the race of the Borrower collected on the basis of visual observation or surname?
NO YES
The Demographic Information was provided through:
Face-to-Face Interview (includes Electronic Media w/ Video Component)
Telephone Interview Fax or Mail
Email or Internet
Military Service of Borrower
Demographic Information of Borrower
Section 9: Loan Originator Information. To be completed by your Loan Originator.
Loan Originator Organization Name
Address
Loan Originator Organization NMLSR ID#
State License ID#
Loan Originator Name
Loan Originator NMLSR ID#
State License ID#
Email
Phone ()
-
Signature
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
/
/
Loan Originator Information
SIGN
To be completed by Lender:
Lender Loan No./Universal Loan Identifier
Agency Case No.
T
Uniform Residential Loan Application — Additional Borrower
Verify and complete the information on this application as directed by your Lender.
Section 1: Borrower Information. This section asks about your personal information and your income from employment and other sources, such as retirement, that you want considered to qualify for this loan.
Name (First, Middle, Last, Suffix)
Social Security Number
-
-
(or Individual Taxpayer Identification Number)
Date of Birth
Citizenship
Alternate Names – List any names by which you are known or any names under which credit was previously received (First, Middle, Last, Suffix) (mm/dd/yyyy)
U.S. Citizen
/
/
Permanent Resident Alien
Non-Permanent Resident Alien
Type of Credit
List Name(s) of Other Borrower(s) Applying for this Loan
I am applying for individual credit.
(First, Middle, Last, Suffix) – Use a separator between names
I am applying for joint credit. Total Number of Borrowers:
Each Borrower intends to apply for joint credit. Your Initials:
Marital Status
Dependents (not listed by another Borrower)
Married
Number
Separated
Ages
Unmarried
(Single, Divorced, Widowed, Civil Union, Domestic Partnership, Registered Reciprocal Beneficiary Relationship)
Contact Information
Home Phone ()
-
Cell Phone ()
-
Work Phone ()
-
Ext.
Email
Current Address
Street
Unit #
City
State
ZIP
Country
How Long at Current Address?
Years
Months Housing
No primary housing expense Own Rent ($
/month)
If at Current Address for LESS than 2 years, list Former Address
Does not apply
Street
Unit #
City
State
ZIP
Country
How Long at Former Address?
Years
Months Housing
No primary housing expense Own Rent ($
/month)
Mailing Address – if different from Current Address
Does not apply
Street
Unit #
City
State
ZIP
Country
Does not apply
Employer or Business Name
Phone ()
-
Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
Position or Title
Check if this statement applies:
Start Date / /
(mm/dd/yyyy)
How long in this line of work? Years
Months
I am employed by a family member, property seller, real estate agent, or other party to the transaction.
I have an ownership share of less than 25%.
Monthly Income (or Loss)
Check if you are the Business Owner or Self-Employed
I have an ownership share of 25% or more.
$
Gross Monthly Income
Base
$
/month
Overtime $
/month
Bonus
$
/month
Commission $
/month
Military
Entitlements $
/month
Other
$
/month
TOTAL $
/month
1a. Personal Information
1b. Current Employment/Self Employment and Income
/month
/month
/month
/month
/month
/month
/month
/month
Does not apply
Employer or Business Name
Phone ()
-
Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
Position or Title
Check if this statement applies:
Start Date /
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
How long in this line of work? Years
Months
I am employed by a family member,
property seller, real estate agent, or other party to the transaction.
I have an ownership share of less than 25%.
Monthly Income (or Loss)
Check if you are the Business Owner or Self-Employed
I have an ownership share of 25% or more.
$
Gross Monthly Income
Base
$
Overtime $
Bonus
$
Commission $
Military Entitlements $
Other
$
TOTAL $
Does not apply
Provide at least 2 years of current and previous employment and income.
Employer or Business Name
Phone ()
-
Street
Unit #
City
State
Zip
Country
Previous Gross Monthly
Income $
Position or Title
Start Date /
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
End Date /
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
Check if you were the Business
Owner or Self-Employed
Does not apply
Include income from other sources below. Under Income Source, choose from the sources listed here:
Alimony
Automobile Allowance
Boarder Income
Capital Gains
Child Support
Disability
Foster Care
Housing or Parsonage
Interest and Dividends
Mortgage Credit Certificate
Mortgage Differential Payments
Notes Receivable
Public Assistance
Retirement (e.g., Pension, IRA)
Royalty Payments
Separate Maintenance
Social Security
Trust
Unemployment Benefits
VA Compensation
Other
NOTE: Reveal alimony, child support, separate maintenance, or other income ONLY IF you want it considered in determining your qualification for this
loan.
Income Source– use list above
Monthly Income
$ $ $
Provide TOTAL Amount Here $
1c. IF APPLICABLE, Complete Information for Additional Employment/Self-Employment and Income
1d. IF APPLICABLE, Complete Information for Previous Employment/Self-Employment and Income
1e. Income from Other Sources
Section 2: Financial Information — Assets and Liabilities.
My information for Section 2 is listed on the Uniform Residential Loan Application with
(insert name of Borrower)
Section 3: Financial Information — Real Estate.
My information for Section 3 is listed on the Uniform Residential Loan Application with
(insert name of Borrower)
Section 4: Loan and Property Information.
My information for Section 4 is listed on the Uniform Residential Loan Application with
(insert name of Borrower)
Section 5: Declarations. This section asks you specific questions about the property, your funding, and your past
financial history.
A. Will you occupy the property as your primary residence?
NO
If YES, have you had an ownership interest in another property in the last three years?
NO
If YES, complete (1) and (2) below:
(1) What type of property did you own: primary residence (PR), FHA secondary residence (SR), second home (SH), or investment property (IP)?
(2) How did you hold title to the property: by yourself (S), jointly with your spouse (SP), or jointly with another person (O)?
B. If this is a Purchase Transaction: Do you have a family relationship or business affiliation with the seller of the property?
NO
C. Are you borrowing any money for this real estate transaction (e.g., money for your closing costs or down payment) or obtaining any money from another party, such as the seller or realtor, that you have not disclosed on this loan application? If YES, what is the amount of this money?
NO
$
D. 1. Have you or will you be applying for a mortgage loan on another property (not the property securing this loan) on or before closing this transaction that is not disclosed on this loan application?
NO
2. Have you or will you be applying for any new credit (e.g., installment loan, credit card, etc.) on or before closing this loan that is not disclosed on this application?
NO
E. Will this property be subject to a lien that could take priority over the first mortgage lien, such as a clean energy lien paid through your property taxes (e.g., the Property Assessed Clean Energy Program?
NO
F. Are you a co-signer or guarantor on any debt or loan that is not disclosed on this application?
NO
G. Are there any outstanding judgments against you?
NO
H. Are you currently delinquent or in default on a Federal debt?
NO
I. Are you a party to a lawsuit in which you potentially have any personal financial liability?
NO
J. Have you conveyed title to any property in lieu of foreclosure in the past 7 years?
NO
K. Within the past 7 years, have you completed a pre-foreclosure sale or short sale, whereby the property was sold to a third party and the Lender agreed to accept less than the outstanding mortgage balance due?
NO
L. Have you had property foreclosed upon in the last 7 years?
NO
M. Have you declared bankruptcy within the past 7 years?
If YES, identify the type(s) of bankruptcy:
Chapter 7
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
NO
5a. About this Property and Your Money for this Loan
5b. About Your Finances
Effective 1/2021
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
YES
Section 6: Acknowledgements and Agreements.
YES.
My information for Section 6 is listed on the Uniform Residential Loan Application with
(insert name of Borrower)
Section 7: Military Service. This section asks questions about your (or your deceased spouse's) military service.
Military Service – Did you (or your deceased spouse) ever serve, or are you currently serving, in the United States Armed Forces?
NO
If YES, check all that apply:
Currently serving on active duty with projected expiration date of service/tour
/
/
(mm/dd/yyyy)
Currently retired, discharged, or separated from service
Only period of service was as a non-activated member of the Reserve or National Guard
Surviving spouse
Section 8: Demographic Information. This section asks about your ethnicity, sex, and race.
The purpose of collecting this information is to help ensure that all applicants are treated fairly and that the housing needs of communities and neighborhoods are being fulfilled. For residential mortgage lending, Federal law requires that we ask applicants for their demographic information (ethnicity, sex, and race) in order to monitor our compliance with equal credit opportunity, fair housing, and home mortgage disclosure laws. You are not required to provide this information, but are encouraged to do so. You may select one or more designations for "Ethnicity" and one or more designations for "Race." The law provides that we may not discriminate on the basis of this information, or on whether you choose to provide it. However, if you choose not to provide the information and you have made this application in person, Federal regulations require us to note your ethnicity, sex, and race on the basis of visual observation or surname. The law also provides that we may not discriminate on the basis of age or marital status information you provide in this application. If you do not wish to provide some or all of this information, please check below.
Ethnicity: Check one or more
Race: Check one or more
Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native – Print name of enrolled or principal tribe:
Mexican
Puerto Rican
Cuban
Other Hispanic or Latino – Print origin:
Asian
Asian Indian Chinese Filipino
For example: Argentinean, Colombian, Dominican, Salvadoran, Spaniard, and so on.
Japanese
Korean
Vietnamese
Other Asian – Print race:
Not Hispanic or Latino
For example: Hmong, Laotian, Thai, Pakistani, Cambodian, and so on
I do not wish to provide this information
Black or African American
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
Native Hawaiian
Guamanian or Chamorro Samoan
Sex
Other Pacific Islander – Print race:
Female
Male
For example: Fijian, Tongan, and so on.
I do not wish to provide this information
White
I do not wish to provide this information
To Be Completed by Financial Institution (for application taken in person):
Was the ethnicity of the Borrower collected on the basis of visual observation or surname?
NO YES
Was the sex of the Borrower collected on the basis of visual observation or surname?
NO YES
Was the race of the Borrower collected on the basis of visual observation or surname?
NO YES
The Demographic Information was provided through:
Face-to-Face Interview (includes Electronic Media w/ Video Component)
Telephone Interview Fax or Mail
Email or Internet
Military Service of Borrower
Demographic Information of Borrower
Section 9: Loan Originator Information. To be completed by your Loan Originator.
Loan Originator Organization Name
Address
Loan Originator Organization NMLSR ID#
State License ID#
Loan Originator Name
Loan Originator NMLSR ID#
State License ID#
Email
Phone ()
-
Signature
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
/
/
Loan Originator Information
SIGN
To be completed by Lender:
Lender Loan No./Universal Loan Identifier
Agency Case No.
T
Uniform Residential Loan Application – Continuation Sheet
Use this continuation sheet if you need more space to complete the Uniform Residential Loan Application.
Borrower Name (First, Middle, Last, Suffix)
Additional Information
Additional Borrower Name (First, Middle, Last, Suffix)
Additional Information
I/We fully understand that it is a federal crime punishable by fine or imprisonment, or both, to knowingly make any false statements concerning any of the above facts as applicable under the provisions of federal law (18 U.S.C. §§ 1001 et seq.). SIGN
Borrower Signature
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
/
/
Additional Borrower Signature
Date (mm/dd/yyyy)
/
/
Continuation Sheet
SIGN
To be completed byLender:
Lender Loan No./Universal Loan Identifier
Agency Case No.
Uniform Residential Loan Application – Unmarried Addendum
Lenders Instructions for Using the Unmarried Addendum
The Lender may use the Unmarried Addendum only when a Borrower selected "Unmarried" in Section 1 and the information collected is necessary to determine how State property laws directly or indirectly affecting creditworthiness apply, including ensuring clear title.
For example, the Lender may use the Unmarried Addendum when the Borrower resides in a State that recognizes civil unions, domestic partnerships, or registered reciprocal beneficiary relationships or when the property is located in such a State. "State" means any state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or any territory or possession of the United States.
If you selected " " Unmarried in Section 1, is there a person who is not your legal spouse but who currently has real property rights similar to those of
a legal spouse?
NO YES
If YES, indicate the type of relationship and the State in which the relationship was formed. For example, indicate if you are in a civil union, domestic partnership, registered reciprocal beneficiary relationship, or other relationship recognized by the State in which you currently reside or where the property is located.
Civil Union
Domestic Partnership
Registered Reciprocal Beneficiary Relationship
Other (explain
)
State:
For Borrower Selecting the Unmarried Status | <urn:uuid:7d738a69-ba92-4d82-a034-ef09b261314c> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 36,371 |
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON IN AND FOR KING COUNTY
ROBERT ENGLEHART, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated,
Plaintiff,
vs.
CHARLES M. BROWN, PATRICK J. BYRNE, JERRY L. CALHOUN, RICHARD P. FOX, ROBERT S. JAFFE, LARRY A. KRING, LORENZO C. LAMADRID, BRADLEY D. TILDEN, FLOW INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION, a Washington corporation, AIP/FIC MERGER SUB, INC., a Washington corporation, and AIP WATERJET HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation,
Defendants.
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
)
Case No. 13-2-33726-6 KNT
CLASS ACTION
PROOF OF CLAIM AND RELEASE I. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1. All capitalized terms not otherwise defined shall have the same meanings as set forth in the Stipulation of Settlement dated September 7, 2016 (the "Stipulation"), which can be downloaded at www.flowshareholderlitigation.com.
2. To recover as a Settlement Payment Recipient (defined below and in the Stipulation) based on your claims in the action entitled Robert Englehart v. Charles M. Brown, et al., Case No. 13-2-33726-6 KNT (the "Litigaton"), you must complete and, on page 5 hereof, sign this Proof of Claim and Release form ("Proof of Claim"). If you fail to submit a properly addressed (as set forth in paragraph 4 below) Proof of Claim, your claim may be rejected and you may be precluded from any recovery from the Net Settlement Fund created in connection with the proposed Settlement.
3. Submission of this Proof of Claim, however, does not assure that you will share in the proceeds of the Settlement of the Litigation.
4. YOU MUST MAIL OR SUBMIT ONLINE YOUR COMPLETED AND SIGNED PROOF OF CLAIM, ACCOMPANIED BY COPIES OF THE DOCUMENTS REQUESTED HEREIN POSTMARKED (IF MAILED) OR RECEIVED (IF FILED ELECTRONICALLY) NO LATER THAN JANUARY 18, 2017, ADDRESSED AS FOLLOWS:
Flow Shareholder Litigation Claims Administrator c/o Gilardi & Co. LLC P.O. Box 30243 College Station, TX 77842-3243 on-line submissions: www.flowshareholderlitigation.com
If you are NOT a potential Settlement Payment Recipient (as defined below and in the Stipulation) DO NOT submit a Proof of Claim.
5. "Settlement Payment Recipients" means all members of the Class (as defined below and in the Stipulation) who: (i) were stockholders of record of Flow International Corporation ("Flow") common stock at the close of the acquisition of Flow by American Industrial Partners ("AIP") on January 31, 2014 (the "Transaction"), and received consideration for their stock in connection with the Transaction; and (ii) submit a valid Proof of Claim to the Claims Administrator.
6. "Class" means all holders of common stock of Flow at any time from September 25, 2013 through and including January 31, 2014, whether beneficial or of record, including their legal representatives, heirs, successors in interest, transferees, and assignees, but excluding the Defendants and all former defendants in this action, and their associates, affiliates, legal representatives, immediate family members, heirs, successors in interest, transferees, and assignees. Also excluded from the Class are those Persons who validly request exclusion from the Class pursuant to the instructions set forth in the Notice of Pendency and Settlement of Class Action.
7. If you are a member of the Class and you do not timely and properly request exclusion in connection with the Notice of Pendency and Settlement of Class Action, you are bound by the terms of any Judgment entered in the Litigation, including the releases provided therein, WHETHER OR NOT YOU SUBMIT A PROOF OF CLAIM.
II. CLAIMANT IDENTIFICATION
If you (i) do not request exclusion in response to the Notice of Pendency and Settlement of Class Action; (ii) held Flow common stock at any time from September 25, 2013 through and including January 31, 2014; and (iii) held the certificate(s) in your name, you are the beneficial holder as well as the record holder. If, however, you held Flow common stock and the certificate(s) were registered in the name of a third party, such as a nominee or brokerage firm, you are the beneficial holder and the third party is the record holder.
Use Part I of this form entitled "Claimant Identification" to identify each holder of record ("Nominee"), if different from the beneficial holder of Flow common stock which forms the basis of this claim. THIS CLAIM MUST BE FILED BY THE ACTUAL BENEFICIAL HOLDER(S) OR THE LEGAL REPRESENTATIVE OF SUCH HOLDER(S) OF FLOW COMMON STOCK UPON WHICH THIS CLAIM IS BASED.
All joint holders must sign this claim. Executors, administrators, guardians, conservators, and trustees must complete and sign this claim on behalf of Persons represented by them and their authority must accompany this claim and their titles or capacities must be stated. The Social Security (or taxpayer identification) number and telephone number of the beneficial holder may be used in verifying the claim. Failure to provide the foregoing information could delay verification of your claim or result in rejection of the claim.
III. CLAIM FORM
Use Part II of this form entitled "Holdings in Flow Common Stock" to supply the number of shares of Flow common stock you held at the close of the Transaction on January 31, 2014 and received consideration for in connection with the Transaction. If you need more space or additional schedules, attach separate sheets giving all of the required information in substantially the same form. Sign and print or type your name on each additional sheet.
Broker confirmations or other documents verifying that you held Flow common stock at the close of the Transaction on January 31, 2014 and received consideration for your shares in connection with the Transaction, should be attached to your claim. Failure to do so could delay verification of your claim or result in rejection of your claim.
Official Office Use Only
IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON IN AND FOR KING COUNTY
Robert Englehart v. Charles M. Brown, et al.
Case No. 13-2-33726-6 KNT
PROOF OF CLAIM AND RELEASE
Please Type or Print in the Boxes Below Do NOT use Red Ink, Pencil, or Staples
Address
Address
City
FOR CLAIMS PROCESSING ONLY
OB
CB
ATP
KE
ICI
BE
DR
EM
FL
ME
ND
OP
RE
SH
/
/
Last Name
M.I. First Name
Last Name (Co-Beneficial Owner)
M.I. First Name (Co-Beneficial Owner)
IRA
Joint Tenancy
Employee
Individual
Other___________
Company Name (Beneficial Owner - If Claimant is not an Individual) or Custodian Name if an IRA
(specify)
Trustee/Asset Manager/Nominee/Record Owner's Name (If Different from Beneficial Owner Listed Above)
Account#/Fund# (Not Necessary for Individual Filers)
PART I: CLAIMANT IDENTIFICATION
State
Zip Code
Foreign Province
Foreign Postal Code
Foreign Country Name/Abbreviation
MAILING INFORMATION
Last Four Digits of Social Security Number
Taxpayer Identification Number
or
—
Telephone Number (Primary Daytime)
Telephone Number (Alternate)
—
—
—
—
Email Address
*FWSTHIRD*
FOR CLAIMS PROCESSING ONLY
3
Must Be Postmarked (if Mailed) or Received (if Filed Electronically) No Later Than January 18, 2017
FWS
PART II. HOLDINGS IN FLOW COMMON STOCK
Number of shares of Flow common stock you held at the close of the Transaction on January 31, 2014 and received consideration for in connection with the Transaction
Proof Enclosed?
Y N
YOU MUST READ AND SIGN THE RELEASE ON PAGE 5. FAILURE TO SIGN THE RELEASE MAY RESULT IN A DELAY IN PROCESSING OR THE REJECTION OF YOUR CLAIM.
IV. SUBMISSION TO JURISDICTION OF COURT AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I (We) submit this Proof of Claim under the terms of the Stipulation described in the Notice of Pendency and Settlement of Class Action. I (We) also submit to the jurisdiction of the Superior Court of the State of Washington, King County, with respect to my (our) claim as a Class Member and for purposes of enforcing the release set forth herein. I (We) further acknowledge that I am (we are) bound by and subject to the terms of any Judgment that may be entered in the Litigation. I (We) agree to furnish additional information to the Claims Administrator to support this claim if requested to do so. I (We) have not submitted any other claim covering the Flow common stock I (we) held at close of the Transaction on January 31, 2014 and received consideration for in connection with the Transaction and know of no other person having done so on my (our) behalf.
V. RELEASE
1. I (We) hereby acknowledge full and complete satisfaction of, and do hereby fully, finally, and forever settle, release, and covenant not to sue with respect to the Released Plaintiff Parties' Claims against each and all of the Defendants and Released Defendant Parties (as those terms are defined below).
2. "Defendants" means Charles M. Brown and Allen M. Hsieh.
3. "Released Defendant Parties" means Defendants, Flow, the former directors and officers of Flow, American Industrial Partners, Shape Technologies Group, Inc. f/k/a AIP Waterjet Holdings, and each of their past, present or future parents, subsidiaries and affiliates, and their respective directors, officers, employees, partners, members, principals, agents, underwriters, insurers, coinsurers, reinsurers, controlling shareholders, attorneys, accountants or auditors, financial or investment advisors or consultants, banks or investment bankers, personal or legal representatives, predecessors, successors, assigns, spouses, heirs, related or affiliated entities, any entity in which a Released Person has a controlling interest, any member of a Defendant's immediate family, or any trust of which any Defendant is the settler or which is for the benefit of any Defendant and/or member(s) of his family.
4. "Released Defendant Parties' Claims" means all claims (including Unknown Claims) arising out of or relating to the institution, prosecution, and resolution of the Litigation; provided, however, that the Released Defendant Parties' Claims shall not include claims to enforce the Stipulation.
5. "Released Plaintiff Parties" means Plaintiffs, all Class Members, and Plaintiffs' Counsel.
6. "Released Plaintiff Parties' Claims" shall collectively mean any and all claims (including Unknown Claims) against the Released Defendant Parties arising out of, relating to, or in connection with (i) the facts, events, transactions, acts, occurrences, statements, representations, misrepresentations, and omissions which were or could have been alleged in this Litigation, or (ii) Flow's consideration of strategic alternatives, including the ultimate sale of Flow to AIP, provided, however, that the Released Plaintiff Parties' Claims shall not include claims to enforce the Stipulation.
7. "Unknown Claims" means (a) any Released Plaintiff Parties' Claims that any Plaintiff or any other Released Plaintiff Party does not know or suspect to exist in his, her or its favor at the time of the Effective Date, including claims which, if known by him, her or it, might have affected his, her or its settlement with and release of the Released Defendant Parties, or might have affected his, her or its decision(s) with respect to the Settlement; and (b) any Released Defendant Parties' Claims that any Defendant or any other Released Defendant Party does not know or suspect to exist in his, her or its favor at the time of the Effective Date, including claims which, if known by him, her or it, might have affected his, her or its settlement with and release of the Released Plaintiff Parties, or might have affected his, her or its decision(s) with respect to the Settlement. With respect to any and all Released Claims, the Settling Parties stipulate and agree that, upon the Effective Date, Plaintiffs and the Defendants shall expressly waive, and each of the Class Members shall be deemed to have waived, and by operation of the Judgment shall have expressly waived, any and all provisions, rights, and benefits conferred by California Civil Code §1542 and any law of any state or territory of the United States, or principle of common law, which is similar, comparable or equivalent to California Civil Code §1542, which provides:
*FWSFOURTH*
A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.
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Journal of Neuroimmunology 184 (2007) 17 – 26
www.elsevier.com/locate/jneuroim
Review article
Neurodegeneration in autoimmune demyelination: Recent mechanistic insights reveal novel therapeutic targets
Orhan Aktas, Sonia Waiczies, Frauke Zipp ⁎
Institute for Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Center, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
Received 15 November 2006; accepted 17 November 2006
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and the major cause of neurological disability in young adults in Western countries. In spite of intensive research efforts, treatment options established to date do not sufficiently prevent the accumulation of tissue damage and clinical disability in patients with MS. We here describe recently identified molecules responsible for the inflammatory and the neurodegenerative processes in MS and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and review new treatment options targeting both aspects of this disease. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords: MS; EAE; Neuronal damage; HMG-CoA reductase; EGCG; TRAIL
Contents
1. Introduction
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS)
⁎ Corresponding author. Institute of Neuroimmunology, Neuroscience Research Center, NWFZ 2680, Charité, 10098 Berlin, Germany. Tel.: +49 30 450 539028; fax: +49 30 450 539906.
E-mail address:
firstname.lastname@example.org
(F. Zipp).
and the major cause of neurological disability in young adults in Western countries (Noseworthy et al., 2000). Histopathological studies show the presence of multicentric inflammatory brain and spinal cord lesions, accounting for an autoimmune attack (Frohman et al., 2006). The clinical manifestation of the most common relapsing-remitting disease course is characterized by recurrent episodes of neurological deficits and periods of remission. According to our current understanding, disease exacerbations (relapses) are initiated by pro-inflammatory Th1-type T helper
lymphocytes. This concept is based on evidence from the animal model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE): EAE can be induced in certain rodent strains either by active immunization with myelin protein/peptides (active EAE) or by transfer of myelin-specific (encephalitogenic) CD4+ T helper lymphocytes (passive EAE) (Wekerle et al., 1986; Gold et al., 2006). Recent combined immunological and MRI data from MS studies support this view, indicating the expansion of encephalitogenic T cells prior to manifestation of a disease relapse (Bielekova et al., 2000; Muraro et al., 2003).
How does the formation of MS-specific inflammatory CNS lesions occur? According to the classical textbook perspective, myelin-specific T cells are activated outside the CNS and cross the blood-brain barrier, which is normally not permissive for resting T cells. A gradient of chemotactic substances (chemokines) attracts the T cells to the endothelium (Charo and Ransohoff, 2006), where they interact with adhesion molecules on the surface, and finally gain access to the CNS compartment. Within the CNS, they recognize their specific target structure, i.e. myelin antigens presented by local antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (Greter et al., 2005), and are again activated. Following this restimulation in situ, T lymphocytes initiate and orchestrate the immune attack directed against the myelin sheath by recruiting other immune cells from outside the CNS (Steinman, 2002). The consecutive damaging process involves the transmigration of activated B lymphocytes and plasma cells (Cepok et al., 2005), which synthesize antibodies against the myelin sheath and boost the immune attack, finally resulting in the loss of myelin (demyelination). Even more prominently, activated macrophages and microglia can be found not only within active lesions (Brosnan and Raine, 1996) but also outside the lesions, in the normalappearing CNS tissue (Banati et al., 2000), and have been suggested to contribute to tissue damage (Heppner et al., 2005).
2. The paradigm shift: inflammatory neurodegeneration in MS
Recent studies have significantly extended our current understanding of disease. Both in MS and its EAE animal model, it has recently been shown that axonal pathology occurs in the early phase, correlates with the number of infiltrating immune cells, and critically contributes to disease severity (Ferguson et al., 1997; Trapp et al., 1998; Coles et al., 1999; Kornek et al., 2000; Brex et al., 2002). Interestingly, axonal damage was first mentioned by Jean-Martin Charcot, who in the late 19th century described multiple sclerosis as an independent neurological disease (Charcot, 1880). The spectrum of neuronal demise patterns in the white matter and the cortex, ranging from direct cell death to subtle neurodegenerative changes such as loss of dendritic ramification, was described in detail soon thereafter (Dawson, 1916). Evidence for this has now been recovered by modern immunohistochemical methods, and in addition
to the axonal alterations, the death of parent neuronal cell bodies in the cortex of MS patients has been confirmed (Peterson et al., 2001). Both hallmarks of neuronal damage, i.e. axonal transection and neuronal death, can also be induced and detected in rodents with EAE (Kornek et al., 2000; Meyer et al., 2001; Diestel et al., 2003), rendering the latter a suitable model to study not only immunological (Steinman, 2003) but also neuropathological features of chronic neuroinflammation. Indeed, within the different EAE models there is substantial and comparable loss of both myelin and axons early in the disease process (Hobom et al., 2004; Aktas et al., 2005). Moreover, studies based on MR spectroscopy showed that in MS the concentration of Nacetylaspartate (NAA), which serves as an indicator of neuronal integrity (Arnold et al., 2001), is reduced at early stages of the disease (Inglese et al., 2004). These alterations were recently linked to cognitive impairment (Mathiesen et al., 2006) and may also account for electroencephalogram abnormalities in 20–60% of MS patients (Iragui-Madoz, 1990), and up to tenfold higher frequency of epileptic seizures in these patients compared to the general population (Eriksson et al., 2002). Thus, the amount of neuronal damage is regarded as a critical factor for persisting neurological deficits. However, the underlying mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. Regarding early axonal transection in the course of disease, a direct association with inflammatory infiltration has been observed (Trapp et al., 1998; Bitsch et al., 2000), but further histopathological studies also detected subpial cortical demyelination and covert axonal damage within normal appearing white matter in the absence of obvious inflammatory infiltrates (Bo et al., 2003a,b; Kutzelnigg et al., 2005). The possible molecular pathways involve acute edema and disturbance of ional homeostasis in the context of inflammation (Bjartmar et al., 2003), mitochondrial dysfunction (Dutta et al., 2006), reactive oxygen species (ROS) secreted by macrophages and T cells (MacMicking et al., 1992), as well as cytotoxicity mediated by CD8+ Tcells, which have been found in close proximity to damaged axons (Bitsch et al., 2000). In accordance with the latter observation, MHC class I-restricted CD8+ T cells were found to induce neuronal cell death in certain immunological constellations in vitro (Neumann et al., 2002). In contrast, a recent study in EAE even showed an enhanced neuronal damage in the absence of MHC class I molecules in vivo (Linker et al., 2005), supporting earlier reports on pronounced immunoregulatory functions of CD8+ T cells (Sun et al., 1988; Jiang et al., 1992). Moreover, nitrogen monoxide (NO) has been reported to have a detrimental impact on electrically active axons in particular (Smith et al., 2001), extending the current perception of pathogenetic factors involved to intraneuronal ion homeostasis (Waxman, 2003). Moreover, successful therapy of EAE with the AMPA/ Kainate-type glutamate receptor antagonist NBQX indicates that the endogenous excitatory neurostransmitter glutamate is involved in mechanisms of damage to oligodendrocytes and
Fig. 1. Targeting the different levels of inflammatory neurodegeneration. Our current understanding of autoimmune demyelination imparts the necessity for therapeutic approaches to target inflammation and neurodegeneration simultaneously. This can be achieved by applying molecules which are capable of targeting both pathogenetic processes or by applying combination therapies. While targeting TRAIL signaling in the CNS offers therapeutic benefit for T cell-mediated neuronal damage, targeting the HMGCR pathway is more likely to keep the immune response under control. By targeting the proteosome with polyphenols such as EGCG, therapeutic benefit is rendered for both inflammation and neuronal damage altogether.
neurons (Smith et al., 2000; Pitt et al., 2000). Concerning the kinetics of retinal ganglion cell death in a rat EAE model, Hobom and colleagues recently suggested that loss of these neuronal cells occurs prior to clinical onset and is linked to both a down-regulation of phospho-Akt and a shift in the Bcl2 family members, Bax and Bcl-2, indicating a disturbed balance of pro-and antiapoptotic molecules in susceptible molecules (Hobom et al., 2004).
These studies indicate that myelin destruction and neuronal damage occur simultaneously in experimental models of autoimmune demyelination, and emphasize the critical role of invading inflammatory immune cells. However, it remains an open question as to how an immune attack which targets the myelin sheath leads to neuronal damage. It has been suggested that axonal damage is either induced by inflammation itself or is a consequence of demyelination, and that neuronal death could occur secondarily to axonal damage or primarily in the course of inflammation. The precise sequence of the damage-mediating events is crucial not only for multiple sclerosis but also for other, primarily non-inflammatory neurological diseases: CNS inflammation has been recognized as a pacemaker of pathogenesis in classical neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, and to contribute to acute neuronal cell death in stroke (Zipp and Aktas, in press). While the involvement of activated macrophages and microglia has been demonstrated in many neuropathological conditions, the possible role of T lymphocytes in neurodegenerative diseases has been a subject of discussion. Surprisingly, a CD4+ T cell-based immunomodulatory therapy strategy, glatiramer acetate, has been shown to be efficient in experimental models of neurodegeneration (Angelov et al., 2003; Benner et al., 2004; Frenkel et al., 2005). Moreover, independent studies reported a genuine preference of activated CD4+ or CD8+ T cells – regardless of their antigen specificity – to contact and, under certain conditions, attack neurons (Giuliani et al., 2003; Nitsch et al., 2004). Taken together, these findings indicate that modulation of T cell activity is a treatment option which is attractive not only for MS, and suggest that novel T cell-based therapeutic approaches in MS could also play a role for primary noninflammatory diseases.
2.1. Targeting the T cell cycle: contribution of β-HMG-CoAreductase
Blockade of the β-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutarly coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase by statins results in an interference
in T cell cycle progression and plays a beneficial role in chronic neuroinflammation (Aktas et al., 2003; Waiczies et al., 2005a). Statins, also referred to as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (HMGCRI), inhibit the de novo synthesis of cholesterol and were originally indicated for the prevention of myocardial infarction and stroke in lipid disorders (Maron et al., 2000). Statins bind to the β-HMGCoA reductase, leading to competitive displacement of the natural substrate, β-HMG-CoA, and thereby blocking its catalytic conversion to L-mevalonate. Increasing clinical and experimental evidence suggests that the pharmacological effects of statins relate not only to cholesterol-lowering but also to anti-inflammatory effects (Waiczies et al., 2005b). Two independent studies have shown that HMGCRI reduce serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation, by 15% (Albert et al., 2001; Ridker et al., 2001). In addition, clinical trials on transplant survival indicate the therapeutic potential of statins as immunosuppressive agents. For example, pravastatin improves survival and lowers the incidence of acute rejection after heart transplantation (Kobashigawa et al., 1995). Concerning the underlying mechanisms, Kwak et al. demonstrated in an initial report that statins inhibit the IFN-g-induced expression of MHC class II on most antigen-presenting cells, including B cells and macrophages, but not the constitutive MHC class II expression on dendritic cells. This finding was explained by the suppression of the inducible promoter IVof the MHC class II transactivator CIITA (Kwak et al., 2000). Considering the variety of immunomodulatory effects, it has been proposed that HMGCRI may also be beneficial in chronic inflammatory conditions and autoimmune diseases (Palinski, 2000). In fact, Stanislaus et al. reported in 1999 that preventive treatment with lovastatin suppresses the clinical manifestation in the inflammatory Lewis rat EAE model (Stanislaus et al., 1999); this lovastatin effect was later also linked to a decreased transmigration of activated mononuclear cells into the CNS (Stanislaus et al., 2001; Greenwood et al., 2003). Youssef et al. demonstrated that oral atorvastatin prevented or reversed chronic and relapsing paralysis in a proteolipid (PLP)-induced EAE model in the SJL mouse strain and explained these observations mainly in terms of the profound effects of atorvastatin on MHC class II-mediated antigen presentation and decreased Th1 inflammatory phenotype. Interestingly, myelin-specific T cells isolated from these animals showed a reduced capacity to induce EAE in untreated (naïve) mice, suggesting the induction of a regulatory T cell phenotype. Indeed, our own studies demonstrated for the first time that HMGCRI decrease T cell proliferation mediated by direct TCR engagement independently of MHC class II and LFA-1 (Aktas et al., 2003). In line with previous observations on simvastatin, lovastatin, and mevastatin (Neuhaus et al., 2002), the antiproliferative effect of atorvastatin was not preceded by a reduced T cell activation since calcium influx was unaffected. Further, this effect was not linked to a toxic or pro-apoptotic bystander effect. In contrast, our data
showed that the underlying mechanism for the inhibition of T cell response in EAE is the interference with cell cycle regulation represented by downregulation of the cyclindependent kinase (CDK)-4 and upregulation of p27 kip1 , which was previously reported as the mechanism of action of statins only in mesangial cells (Danesh et al., 2002). Apparently, HMGCRI prevent the synthesis of important isoprenoid intermediates of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, which are important for isoprenylation of certain cell-signaling proteins (Liao, 2002). Small GTP-binding proteins such as Ras and Rho require such posttranslational modification for membrane localization and activity, and are implicated in cell cycle regulation (Fig. 1). Among these proteins, Ras promotes cell cycle progression via activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway (Hughes, 1995), whereas Rho causes cellular proliferation, possibly by destabilizing p27 kip1 protein (Hengst and Reed, 1996). In fact, we observed that atorvastatin upregulated p27 kip1 (Aktas et al., 2003). In line with the documented role of p27 kip1 in T cell anergy (Boussiotis et al., 2000), we later showed that treatment with atorvastatin results in a deficient response to a second productive stimulus in human T cells. Anergy induction by atorvastatin was dependent on HMGCR, required IL-10 signaling, and was associated with an early and sustained phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1 (Waiczies et al., 2005a) (Fig. 1). Taken together, the plethora of these findings demonstrate the pronounced immunomodulatory effects of HMGCRI and suggest their therapeutic potential (Greenwood et al., 2006). This perspective has been confirmed in first clinical trials demonstrating the benefit of statin therapy in multiple sclerosis (Vollmer et al., 2004). Currently, therapy trials are running to further explore the treatment effect in this disease. Moreover, several epidemiological investigations showed that a history of statin therapy is associated with a lower occurrence of dementia including Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (Wolozin et al., 2000; Jick et al., 2000; Zamrini et al., 2004). These findings raise the question of whether the concept of inhibiting HMGCR is beneficial not only for the inflammatory aspect of MS (Neuhaus et al., 2004) but also directly for damage processes in the brain.
Considering that HMGCRI inhibit synthesis of cholesterol and the organ richest in this sterol is the brain (Dietschy and Turley, 2001), several studies have indeed been performed with HMGCRI on various target cells in the CNS. However, reports investigating the direct impact of HMGCRI, particularly on neurons, showed a rather complex trend (Bosel and Endres, 2006), which can in part be explained by differences in dosing patterns: previous studies using high micromolar concentrations of HMGCRI demonstrated an induction of apoptosis in transformed neuronal cell lines (Garcia-Roman et al., 2001), while recent studies show that HMGCRI actually protect from glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity when given at low concentrations to neuronal cultures (Zacco et al., 2003; Bosel et al., 2005). Similarly contradictory findings exist regarding the influence of
HMGCRI on neurite structures. Some studies show that isoprenoid depletion by HMGCRI inhibits the neurite cytoskeletal structure and neurite formation, resulting in inhibited neuronal differentiation (Qiu et al., 1991; Meske et al., 2003; Schulz et al., 2004). A recent study, however, showed that depletion of geranylgeranyl via pravastatin treatment increases the number of neurites in rat hippocampal neurons (Pooler et al., 2006). Observations, including those reporting a detrimental effect of HMGCRI on neurite formation, have thus been linked to inhibition of isoprenylation, implying an essential role for Ras and Rho GTPases in the differential effects of HMGCRI on neuritic structural integrity. Indeed, neuronal Ras activation has been implicated in stabilization of donor neurons during transplantation and in protection in neurodegenerative diseases (Heumann et al., 2000). Increased Erk phosphorylation following HMGCRI has also been associated with increased neurotrophic factor expression and increased brain plasticity in cortical neurons in a stroke model (Chen et al., 2003). It is worthy of note that different HMGCRI and, importantly, different doses have been employed in the different studies exploring the influence of HMGCRI on neuronal differentiation and survival. Neurotoxic or protective effects were shown to be markedly dose-dependent, ranging from neuronal apoptosis and neurite damage at micromolar concentrations to neuroprotection at lower concentrations (Zacco et al., 2003; Schulz et al., 2004; Bosel et al., 2005). Clinical and imaging information on HMGCRI in neuroinflammatory conditions will determine the outcome of therapy on neuronal fate. Of utmost consideration for in vivo studies, differences in the physical properties of HMGCRI determine their capacity to cross an intact bloodbrain barrier (BBB). Lipophilic HMGCRI such as simvastatin and lovastatin diffuse easily and reach the CNS compartment at nanomolar concentrations (Botti et al., 1991), while hydrophilic HMGCRI such as pravastatin and fluvastatin do not cross the BBB and cannot be detected at relevant concentrations within the brain parenchyma (Saheki et al., 1994; Hamelin and Turgeon, 1998). Therefore molecular and pharmacological properties should be considered when determining the relevance of in vitro studies investigating the impact of HMGCRI on CNS cells, and also when investigating the therapeutic potential of these drugs in inflammatory or degenerative neurological conditions. So far, clinical studies have shown that these therapeutic agents have potential in autoimmune diseases including MS, and retrospective studies have shown that a history of statin therapy is associated with a lower incidence of AD. HMGCRI have in fact been demonstrated to reduce betaamyloid accumulation in vitro and in vivo (Simons et al., 1998; Fassbender et al., 2001), as well as to reduce betaamyloid-mediated neurotoxicity of microglia (Cordle et al., 2005), providing a rationale for the favorable effect of HMGCRI therapy observed in AD (Sparks et al., 2005). Notwithstanding the majority of studies in favour of a beneficial effect of HMGCRI therapy in AD, contradicting
studies still exist (Rea et al., 2005). In stroke, however, it is generally accepted that HMGCRI therapy protects against new events (Group THPSC, 2002; Sever et al., 2003) and that abrupt discontinuation of therapy with these drugs causes rebound effects related to overshoot activation of GTPases involved in inflammatory processes (Endres and Laufs, 2006). Here, the benefit of applying HMCGRI seems to be primarily mediated by interference with GTPase signaling in inflammation. Moreover, HMCGR inhibition results in a clear modification of immune cell function, but has up to now revealed no clear-cut picture for the effects on CNS target cells.
2.2. Targeting T cell-mediated neuronal damage: the death ligand TRAIL
As mentioned above, a possible route of inflammatory neurodegeneration is the apoptosis of neurons in MS (Meyer et al., 2001; Peterson et al., 2001; Diestel et al., 2003). Death ligands of the TNF/NGF (nerve growth factor) family, including TNF, the CD95 (APO-1/Fas) ligand, and the recently characterized TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), hold an ambivalent position with regard to autoimmune demyelinating disorders such as MS (Aktas et al., 2006). On the one hand, depending on the cellular context, they participate in crucial steps in immune cell activation or differentiation. The best example is the clearance of autoreactive T cells through CD95-dependent activation-induced cell death (AICD) (Lenardo et al., 1999). According to this concept, T cells already activated are apoptotically deactivated after being stimulated anew through the CD95/CD95 ligand system. AICD represents a potent feedback mechanism for eliminating activated autoreactive T cells. For other TNF family members such as CD154 (CD40L), TRAIL, TNF, lymphotoxin (LT), CD137 (4-1BB), CD153 (CD30L), CD70 (CD27L), CD134L (OX40L), BAFF, and GITRL, it has been shown that they do not necessarily induce apoptosis, but instead modulate the activation, migration, or proliferation of activated Tcells. For CD70 and BAFF, a crucial role has also been suggested in the homeostasis of B cells, which are important for the characteristic antibody response in chronic neuroinflammation (Aktas et al., 2006).
On the other hand, the immune system employs apoptosis not only as a self-restricting regulatory mechanism but also as an effector mechanism ("weapon") of immune-competent cells which can selectively eliminate target cells. Typically, these target cells are infected by viruses or are transformed. Recent evidence indicates that in the course of autoimmune inflammation, death ligand-mediated apoptosis of nontransformed, non-infected normal cells occurs. Currently, however, it is an open question as to whether apoptosis is the prevalent mechanism of tissue damage in MS plaques and as to which of the death receptor/ligand systems discussed above should bear the blame. Among these candidates, the TRAIL system has recently evoked interest. Initially, TRAIL
aroused tremendous attention due to its apparent selectivity in killing tumor cells (Ashkenazi et al., 1999). The immunomodulatory capacity of TRAIL further suggested a protective role against autoimmunity, as TRAIL was shown to inhibit the proliferation of activated T cells (Lünemann et al., 2002), and inhibition of TRAIL outside the CNS was shown to worsen EAE in mice (Hilliard et al., 2001). However, while TRAIL has immunoregulatory functions outside the CNS, its effects within the brain are neurotoxic, critically contributing to brain damage in different neuropathological conditions. This profile may be due to the expression pattern of TRAIL and its receptors: while deathmediating TRAIL receptors are found on potential brain targets such as neurons and oligodendrocytes (Dörr et al., 2002a), TRAIL itself is not found within the CNS, excluding a potential role for TRAIL in the so-called immune privilege of this organ (Bechmann, 2005). Moreover, soluble TRAIL mediates neuronal and oligodendroglial death in human brain slices (Nitsch et al., 2000). Human T cells and macrophages upregulate TRAIL expression upon activation (Ehrlich et al., 2003), and TRAIL has been shown to mediate death of transformed neural and glioma cells (Fulda et al., 2002; Dörr et al., 2002b). In fact, we observed that intracerebral TRAIL mediates the death of neurons and promotes demyelination in murine EAE (Aktas et al., 2005) (Fig. 1). Interestingly, this was the case for the inflamed CNS only, since application of TRAIL to the healthy murine CNS caused no changes at all. Apparently, this effect was due to inflammation-mediated upregulation of death-mediating TRAIL receptors on target brain cells (Aktas et al., 2005). In line with this, a recent study showed the contribution of TRAIL expressed by HIV-infected macrophages in a humanized mouse model of HIV encephalopathy. Here, neutralizing TRAIL but not TNF-alpha or CD95 (Fas) ligand blocked neuronal apoptosis (Miura et al., 2003). Indeed, independent histopathological studies revealed a close association of TRAIL-expressing macrophages with apoptotic cortical neurons in HIV encephalopathy (Ryan et al., 2004). TRAIL expression has also been observed in damaged brain regions in experimental stroke and its blockade reduced the area of damage (Martin-Villalba et al., 1999). TRAIL is expressed in the brains of patients with AD in the proximity of amyloid plaques (Uberti et al., 2004), and a possible role for TRAIL was recently proposed in Aβmediated neurotoxicity assays in vitro (Cantarella et al., 2003). These data suggest that selective blockade of TRAIL signaling in the CNS has therapeutic benefits with regard to inflammatory neurodegeneration, while adequate vehicles for CNS-specific TRAIL inhibition are unfortunately so far lacking.
2.3. Targeting inflammation and neurodegeneration simultaneously: EGCG
The novel advances in the understanding of autoimmune demyelination outlined above indicate that future therapeutic approaches should target inflammation and neurodegenera-
tion simultaneously. One possible way of achieving this goal is the use of combination therapies, i.e. the concomitant use of an immunomodulatory and a neuroprotective agent, as has recently been shown for experimental therapy with methylprednisolone and erythropoietin in a rat model of EAE (Diem et al., 2005). Another option is the search for single substances combining these requirements. We have recently identified a flavonoid (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG) as such a candidate with promising effects in the treatment of EAE. Previously, this group of polyphenols had been known to possess anticarcinogenic properties in a wide variety of experimental systems in vitro and in vivo (Mukhtar and Ahmad, 1999; Suganuma et al., 1999; Chung et al., 2003). Subsequent studies have demonstrated that polyphenols such as EGCG promote apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of transformed cells (Ahmad et al., 1997; Yang et al., 1998; Liang et al., 1999; Lu et al., 2002). Further studies have shown that in certain animal models of cancer the beneficial effect of polyphenols is associated with a marked modulation of the immune system. Using a model of photocarcinogenesis, Katiyar and colleagues showed that topical application of EGCG before ultraviolet B exposure reduced the number of CD11b+ monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils infiltrating into inflammatory skin lesions, and also modulated IL-10 and IL-12 synthesis by local and draining immune cells (Katiyar et al., 1999). In a follow-up study, the same group showed that this mechanism was associated with an inhibition of nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation – a crucial proinflammatory transcription factor – in keratinocytes (Afaq et al., 2003). Furthermore, a polyphenolic fraction from green tea was shown to reduce disease severity in collagen-induced arthritis (Haqqi et al., 1999). Considering these immunomodulatory effects of EGCG, we hypothesized that this substance may have a beneficial impact on the development of EAE. Indeed, we found that EGCG suppresses EAE, as it reduced clinical severity when given at initiation or after the onset of EAE by both limiting brain inflammation and reducing neuronal damage (Aktas et al., 2004). In orally treated mice, we found abrogated proliferation and TNF-α production of encephalitogenic T cells. In human myelin-specific CD4+ T cells, cell cycle arrest was induced, as indicated by downregulation of CDK-4. Interference with both T cell growth and effector function was mediated by blockade of the catalytic activities of the 20S/26S proteasome complex, resulting in intracellular accumulation of I-κBα and subsequent inhibition of NFκB activation (Fig. 1). These suppressive effects of EGCG on the chemotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome can be explained by the polyphenol ester bond in the chemical structure (Nam et al., 2001). As its structure implicates additional antioxidative properties, EGCG is capable of directly protecting against neuronal injury in living brain tissue induced by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), and of directly blocking the formation of neurotoxic reactive oxygen species in neurons. Moreover, EGCG also protected
neuronal tissue against the detrimental death ligand TRAIL (Aktas et al., 2005) in vitro, indicating a direct protection of the target CNS tissue in the course of autoimmune neuroinflammation (Fig. 1). Thus, considering independent reports of the neuroprotective effects of polyphenols in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's Disease (Levites et al., 2001; Choi et al., 2002) or stroke (Lee et al., 2000), EGCG constituents may open up a new therapeutic avenue for treating MS by combining anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective capacities.
3. Concluding remarks
In the past, immunological aspects of multiple sclerosis have been extensively studied, elucidating the immune system's involvement in the development and enhancement of the myelin-targeted inflammatory attack. The renaissance of the neuronal pathology of MS, neglected thus far, has now shifted attention to the neurobiological consequences of autoimmune demyelination. Future studies will also have to consider more subtle effects of the chronic autoimmune attack on the neuronal network which could account for the discreet neurodegenerative signs observed at very early stages of disease. As outlined here, deeper molecular insights into the mechanisms of T cell activation and the signaling cascades responsible for neurodegenerative damage processes will hopefully help to further identify molecular targets that will allow the development of more efficient therapy strategies.
Acknowledgments
The corresponding original work cited in this article has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB507 and SFB650), the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), the Deutsche Multiple Sklerose Gesellschaft (DMSG), and by the Hertie Institut für MSForschung (IMSF) Göttingen. We thank Andrew Mason and Alistair Noon for reading this manuscript as native English speakers.
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School of Science and Technology (SST) –Corpus Christi Campus Parental and Family Engagement Policy 2018-2019
School of Science and Technology (SST) Public Schools Mission Statement
"Our mission at School of Science and Technology (SST) is to prepare each student for higher education by providing a safe, caring, and collaborative atmosphere featuring a quality, student-centered educational program with a strong emphasis on Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics."
Statement of Purpose
The success of School of Science and Technology (SST) Public School students based on a program emphasizing academic excellence while motivating student achievement. The School of Science and Technology (SST) School model is:
* Rigorous (prepares student for college);
* Relevant (reinforces math and science skills); and,
* Relationships (a strong culture of meaningful personal relationships, reinforced by teachers and parents)
School of Science and Technology (SST) attributes the strong performance of its schools and students to three core principles within the school model:
* A challenging math and science curriculum supported by theory;
* A focus on assessment across the school system; and,
* A culture of constructive competition, discipline and parental engagement.
To this end, we want to establish partnership with parents and with the community. Parents play an extremely important role as the children's first teachers. Their support for their children and for the school is critical to their children's success at every step of the way.
In support of strengthening student academic achievement, School of Science and Technology (SST) San Antonio receives Title I, Part A funds and develops jointly with, agree on with, and distribute to, parents of participating children a written parental and family engagement policy that contains information required by section 1111(a)(2) of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) (campus wide parental and family engagement policy). The policy establishes School of Science and Technology (SST)'s expectations for parental and family engagement and describes how School of Science and Technology (SST) will implement a number of specific parental and family engagement activities.
PART I. GENERAL EXPECTATIONS
The School of Science and Technology (SST) - San Antonio agrees to implement the following statutory requirements:
* Consistent with section 1116 Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), the school district will work with its schools to ensure that the required school-level parental and family engagement policies meet the requirements of section 1111(b) of the ESEA, and each include, as a component, a schoolparent compact consistent with section 1111(d) of the ESEA.
* Schools will notify parents of the policy in an understandable and uniform format and, to the extent practicable, in a language the parents can understand. The policy will be made available to the local community via school website, email, and also upon request of the community. The PFEP will be updated periodically to meet the changing needs of parents and the school.
* In carrying out the Title I, Part A, parental and family engagement requirements, to the extent practicable, the school will provide full opportunities for the participation of parents with limited English proficiency, parents with disabilities, and parents of migratory children, including providing information and school reports required under section 1116 ESSA and 1111 of the ESEA in an understandable and uniform format and including alternative formats upon request and, to the extent practicable, in language parents understand.
* If the school-wide program plan for Title I, Part A, developed under section 1114(b) of the ESEA, is not satisfactory to the parents of participating children, the school will submit any parent comments with the plan when the school submits the plan to the local educational agency (school district).
* The school will involve the parents of children served in Title I, Part A schools in decisions about how the 1 percent of Title I, Part A funds reserved for parental and family engagement is spent, and will ensure that not less than 95 percent of the 1 percent reserved goes directly to the schools.
* The school will build its own and the parent's capacity for strong parental and family engagement, in order to ensure effective and family engagement of parents and to support a partnership among the school, parents, and the community to improve student academic achievement.
* The school will provide other reasonable support for parental and family engagement activities under section 1116 (e)(14) of the ESSA and 1111 of the ESEA as the parents may request.
* The school will be governed by the following statutory definition of parental and family engagement, and will carry out programs, activities, and procedures in accordance with this definition:
"Parental and family engagement means the participation of parents in regular, two-way, and meaningful communication involving student academic learning and other school activities, including ensuring—
* that parents play an integral role in assisting their child's learning;
* that parents are encouraged to be actively involved in their child's education at school;
* that parents are full partners in their child's education and are included, as appropriate, in decision-making and on advisory committees to assist in the education of their child;
* the carrying out of other activities, such as those described in section 1116 of ESSA and 1111 of the ESSA."
PART II. DESCRIPTION OF HOW SCHOOL WILL IMPLEMENT REQUIRED CAMPUS PARENTAL and family engagement POLICY COMPONENTS
The campus will take the following actions to involve parents in the joint development of its school parental and family engagement plan under section 1111 of the ESEA ams 1116 (b)(1):
Actions: Our school holds an official State of the School Address by the end of September through October; as well as second semester if needed, each school year to review with parents Title I School requirements and the school's Parent and family engagement Policy. In addition, the principal gives parents an update on school test data, progress report card, and facilitate a review of the school's improvement plan ESSA section 1116(b)(1).
The campus will take the following actions to involve parents in the process of school review and improvement under section 1116 of ESSA and section 1111 of the ESEA:
Actions: Our school annually invites parents to participate in review and revision meetings to examine and discuss our Campus Improvement Plan and Parent and family engagement Policy. The school consistently reviews school policy in an organized, ongoing and timely way. An organized Parent Volunteer Committee (PVC) is established in our school to create a forum for parental input and and family engagement. Our school publicizes and disseminates to teachers and other staff, parents, students, and the community, the results of the annual review under paragraph (2) of all schools served under this part in individual school performance profiles that include statistically sound disaggregated results as required by section ESSA 1116(b)(1).
The campus will hold an annual meeting to inform parents of the school's participation in Title I, Part A programs, and to explain the Title I, Part A requirements and the right of parents to be involved in Title I, Part A programs. The school will convene the meeting at a time convenient for parents and will offer a flexible number of additional parental and family engagement meetings, such as in the morning or evening, so that as many parents as possible are able to attend ESSA Section 1116(c)(1). The school will invite all parents of children participating in Title I, Part A programs to this meeting, and will encourage them to attend.ESSA Section 1116 (c)(2).
Actions: An annual meeting where parents will learn about the requirements of the school's Title I program will be held. Related information regarding parent programs, meetings, and other activities will be sent to parents in a timely manner. This information can be distributed through weekly newsletters, phone calls, websites, or through classroom teachers. Our school provides specific training and materials to help parents work with their children to improve achievement. A letter will be sent to each child's parents and meeting will be announced on each campus website. Parent meeting conferences will be held one time in a year. Meeting times needs to be accommodated to the needs of the parents. Communications with the parents will be in a format and a language that they can understand.
The campus provide parents of participating children timely information about programs under this part; descriptions and explanation of the curriculum in use at the school, the forms of academic assessment used to measure student progress and the proficiency levels students are expected to meet; and if requested by parents, opportunities for regular meetings to formulate suggestions and to participate, as appropriate, in decisions relating to the education of their children, and respond to any suggestions as soon as practically possible.
Actions: Our school communicates with parents often the state's curricular and assessment expectations, school wide requirements in relation to the delivery of instruction, the techniques utilized to evaluate student work, and
individual classroom rituals and routines pertinent to the academic success of our students. We use a variety of communicative techniques such as our School Handbook, Weekly Newsletters, School Website, Teachers Websites, School Reach (phone call system), Parent/Teacher Conferences, School Council Meetings, individual notes/calls home, Family Fun Nights, Surveys, School of Science and Technology (SST) Parent web sites, parent workshops, Open House, Back to School Night, Report Cards, benchmark results, etc. to solicit parent participation and deliver important information in hopes of creating productive dialogue between home and school concerning improved student achievement.
PART III. SHARED RESPONSIBILITIES FOR HIGH STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
As a component of the school-level parental and family engagement policy, each school shall jointly develop with parents for all children served under this part a school-parent compact that outlines how parents, the entire school staff, and students will share the responsibility for improved student academic achievement. ESSA 1116 (d)(2)
The education of a student is not only the responsibility of the teacher, but also of the parent and the child. For this reason, a Parent-Teacher---Student Compact has been developed and is utilized in our school. This document serves as an agreement between all parties that they will adhere to certain duties and responsibilities to ensure the success of the student. It is reviewed and signed by all at the beginning of each school year. The signed compacts are kept by the teacher and used in student and parent conferences to remind each participant of their responsibilities. These compacts are also used to motivate students and parents to become more involved in the educational process and to let parents know that they are equal partners in their child's learning.
PART IV. DISCRETIONARY CAMPUS WIDE PARENTAL and family engagement POLICY
COMPONENTS
The Campus Wide Parental and family engagement Policy may include additional paragraphs listing and describing other discretionary activities that the school, in consultation with its parents, chooses to undertake to build parents' capacity for and family engagement in the school and school system to support their children's academic achievement, such as the following discretionary activities listed under section 1116(e) of the ESEA:
* in order to maximize parental and family engagement and participation in their children's education, arranging school meetings at a variety of times, or conducting in-home conferences between teachers or other educators, who work directly with participating children, with parents who are unable to attend those conferences at school;
* adopting and implementing model approaches to improving parental and family engagement;
* establishing a school wide parent advisory council to provide advice on all matters related to parental and family engagement in Title I, Part A programs;
* developing appropriate roles for community-based organizations and businesses in parental and family engagement activities; and
* providing other reasonable support for parental and family engagement activities
PART V. ADOPTION
This school wide Parental and Family Engagement Policy has been developed jointly with, and agreed on with, parents of children participating in Title I, Part A programs, as evidenced by _(sign-in sheet, meeting minutes etc.).
This policy was adopted by the School of Science & Technology Discovery on ____8/2019______ will be in effect for the period of 2018-19 academic year. The school will distribute this policy to all parents of participating Title I, Part A children on or before _________ via in person, on school website, and/or via email.
_______________________________
(Signature of Authorized Official)
_______________________________
(Date)
Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) -Corpus Christi Política de Participación de los Padres y Familias del Campus de 2018-2019
Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) Declaración de la Misión de las Escuelas Públicas
"Nuestra misión en la Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) es preparar a cada estudiante para "educación superior al proporcionar un ambiente seguro, solidario y de colaboración con un programa educativo de calidad centrado en el estudiante con un fuerte énfasis en la ciencia, la tecnología, la ingeniería y las matemáticas".
Declaración de propósito
El éxito de la Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) Estudiantes de escuelas públicas basados en un programa que enfatiza la excelencia académica al tiempo que motiva el rendimiento estudiantil. El modelo de la Escuela de Ciencias y Tecnología (SST) es:
* Riguroso (prepara al estudiante para la universidad);
* Relevante (refuerza las habilidades de matemáticas y ciencias); y,
* Relaciones (una sólida cultura de relaciones personales significativas, reforzada por maestros y padres) La
Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) atribuye el sólido desempeño de sus escuelas y estudiantes a tres principios básicos dentro del modelo escolar:
* un plan de estudios de matemáticas y ciencias desafiante apoyado por la teoría;
* Un enfoque en la evaluación en todo el sistema escolar; y,
* Una cultura decompetencia constructiva, disciplina y compromiso de los padres.
Con este fin, queremos establecer una asociación con los padres y con la comunidad. Los padres juegan un papel extremadamente importante como los primeros maestros de los niños. Su apoyo para sus hijos y para la escuela es fundamental para el éxito de sus hijos en cada paso del camino.
En apoyo al fortalecimiento del rendimiento académico de los estudiantes, la Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) - San Antonio recibe fondos de la Parte A del Título I y se desarrolla conjuntamente, acuerda y distribuye a los padres de niños participantes una política escrita de participación de los padres y la familia que contiene información requerida por la sección 1111 (a) (2) de la Ley de Educación Primaria y Secundaria (ESEA) (política de participación de los padres y la familia en todo el campus). La política establece las expectativas de la Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) para el compromiso de los padres y la familia y describe cómo la Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) implementará una serie de actividades específicas de participación de los padres y la familia.
PARTE I. EXPECTATIVAS GENERALES
La Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) - San Antonio de acuerdo en implementar los siguientes requisitos legales: De
* acuerdo con la sección 1116 Cada Estudiante Ley (ESSA) tieneéxito,el distrito escolar trabajará con sus escuelas para asegurar que de laspadresnivel de la escuela participación de losy la familia a políticas requeridas decumplen con los requisitos de la sección 1111(b) de la ESEA, y cada una incluye, como componente, un acuerdo entre la escuela y los padres consistente con la sección 1111(d) de la ESEA.
* Las escuelas notificarán a los padres de la política en un formato comprensible y uniforme y, en la medida de lo posible, en un idioma que los padres puedan entender. La política se pondrá a disposición de la comunidad local a través del sitio web de la escuela, el correo electrónico y también a pedido de lacomunidad. El PFEP se actualizará periódicamente para satisfacer las necesidades cambiantes de los padres y la escuela.
* Al cumplir con el Título I, Parte A, lospadres participación de losy la familia requisitos de, en la medida de lo posible, la escuela brindará todas las oportunidades para la participación de los padres con dominio limitado del inglés, los padres con discapacidades y los padres de niños migratorios, incluida la información. y los informes escolares requeridos bajo la sección 1116 ESSA y 1111 de la ESEA en un formato comprensible y uniforme e incluyendo formatos alternativos a solicitud y, en la medida de lo posible, en el idioma que los padres entienden.
* Si el plan de programa de la escuela para el Título I, Parte A, desarrollado bajo la sección 1114 (b) de la ESEA, no es satisfactorio para los padres de los niños participantes, la escuela enviará cualquier comentario de los padres con el plan cuando la escuela presente el Plan a la agencia educativa local (distrito escolar).
* La escuela involucrará a los padres de los niños atendidos en las escuelas de la Parte A del Título I en las decisiones sobre cómoel 1 por ciento de los fondos de la Parte A del Título I reservados para lapadres participación de losy la familia se gasta, y garantizará que no menos del 95 por ciento de la El 1 por ciento reservado va directamente a las escuelas.
* La escuela desarrollará su propia capacidad y la de los padres para una participación sólida de los padres y la familia, a fin de garantizar la participación efectiva y familiar de los padres y para apoyar una asociación entre la escuela, los padres y la comunidad para mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes.
* La escuela proporcionará otro apoyo razonable para laspadres participación de losy la familia actividades debajo la sección 1116 (e) (14) de la ESSA y 1111 de la ESEA, según lo soliciten los padres.
* La escuela se regirá por la siguiente definición legal de participación de los padres y la familia, y llevará a cabo programas, actividades y procedimientos de acuerdo con esta definición:
"Participación de los padres y la familia significa la participación de los padres en forma regular, de doble vía y comunicación significativa que involucre el aprendizaje académico de los estudiantes y otras actividades escolares, incluida la garantía de
* que los padres desempeñen un papel integral en la asistencia al aprendizaje de sus hijos;
* que se alienta a los padres a participar activamente en la educación de sus hijos en la escuela;
* que los padres son socios plenos en la educación de sus hijos y se incluyen, según corresponda, en la toma de decisiones y en los comités asesores para ayudar en la educación de sus hijos;
* la realización de otras actividades, como las descritas en la sección 1116 de la ESSA y en la 1111 de la ESSA. "
PARTE II. DESCRIPCIÓN DE CÓMO LA ESCUELA IMPLEMENTARÁ EL CAMPUS PADRE Y la participación familiar COMPONENTES DE LA POLÍTICA
La escuela tomará las siguientes acciones para involucrar a los padres en el desarrollo conjunto de su plan escolar de participación de los padres y la familia bajo la sección 1111 de la ESEA ams 1116 (b) (1) :
Acciones: Nuestra escuela tiene un discurso oficial sobre el estado de la escuela para fines de septiembre a octubre; así como el segundo semestre si es necesario, cada año escolar para revisar con los padres los requisitos de la escuela de Título I y la Política de participación de los padres y la familia de la escuela. Además, el director les da a los padres una actualización sobre los datos de las pruebas escolares, el informe de progreso, y facilita una revisión del plan de mejoramiento de la escuela, sección 1116 (b) (1) de la ESSA.
El campus tomará las siguientes acciones para involucrar a los padres en el proceso de revisión y mejora escolar según la sección 1116 de la ESSA y la sección 1111 de la ESEA:
Acciones: Nuestra escuela invita anualmente a los padres a participar en las reuniones de revisión y revisión para examinar y discutir nuestro Campus Plan de mejora y política de padres y familia. La escuela revisa constantemente la política escolar de manera organizada, continua y oportuna. Se estableció unPadres Comité deVoluntarios (PVC) organizado en nuestra escuela para crear un foro para la participación de los padres y el compromiso familiar. Nuestra escuela publica y difunde a los maestros y otro personal, a los padres, a los estudiantes ya la comunidad, los resultados de la revisión anual bajo el párrafo (2) de todas las escuelas atendidas bajo esta parte en perfiles de rendimiento escolar individual que incluyen resultados desglosados estadísticamente según sea necesario. por la sección ESSA 1116 (b) (1).
El campus celebrará una reunión anual para informar a los padres sobre la participación de la escuela en los programas de la Parte A del Título I, y para explicar los requisitos de la Parte A del Título I y el derecho de los padres a participar en los programas de la Parte A del Título I. La escuela convocará la reunión a una hora conveniente para los padres y ofrecerá un número flexible de reuniones adicionales de participación de los
padres y la familia, como por la mañana o por la noche, para que puedan asistir la mayor cantidad de padres posible. Sección 1116 (c) (1) de la ESSA. La escuela invitará a todos los padres de niños que participan en los programas de la Parte A del Título I a esta reunión, y los alentará a asistir. Sección 1116 (c) (2) de CES.
Acciones: Se llevará a cabo una reunión anual donde los padres aprenderán sobre los requisitos del programa Título I de la escuela. La información relacionada con los programas para padres, reuniones y otras actividades se enviará a los padres de manera oportuna. Esta información se puede distribuir a través de boletines semanales, llamadas telefónicas, sitios web o a través de maestros de aula. Nuestra escuela proporciona capacitación y materiales específicos para ayudar a los padres a trabajar con sus hijos para mejorar el rendimiento. Se enviará una carta a los padres de cada niño y la reunión se anunciará en el sitio web de cada campus. Las conferencias de reuniones de padres se llevarán a cabo una vez en un año. Los horarios de las reuniones deben adaptarse a las necesidades de los padres. Las comunicaciones con los padres serán en un formato y en un idioma que puedan entender.
El campus proporciona a los padres de los niños participantes información oportuna sobre los programas en esta parte; descripciones y explicación del plan de estudios en uso en la escuela, las formas de evaluación académica utilizadas para medir el progreso de los estudiantes y los niveles de competencia que se espera que los estudiantes cumplan; y si los padres lo solicitan, oportunidades para reuniones regulares para formular sugerencias y participar, según corresponda, en las decisiones relacionadas con la educación de sus hijos, y responder a cualquier sugerencia tan pronto como sea posible.
Acciones: Nuestra escuela se comunica con los padres a menudo con las expectativas curriculares y de evaluación del estado, los requisitos de toda la escuela en relación con la instrucción, las técnicas utilizadas para evaluar el trabajo de los alumnos y los rituales y rutinas individuales en el aula pertinentes al éxito académico de nuestros alumnos. Utilizamos una variedad de técnicas comunicativas, como nuestro Manual de la escuela, Boletines semanales, Sitio web de la escuela, Sitios web de los maestros, Alcance escolar (sistema de llamadas telefónicas), Conferencias de padres y maestros, Reuniones del Consejo escolar, notas individuales / llamadas a casa, Noches de diversión familiar, Encuestas , Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología (SST) Sitios web para padres, talleres para padres, Casa Abierta, Noche de Regreso a la Escuela, Boletines de Calificaciones, resultados de referencia, etc. para solicitar la participación de los padres y brindar información importante con la esperanza de crear un diálogo productivo entre el hogar y la escuela en relación con la mejora del rendimiento estudiantil.
PARTE III. RESPONSABILIDADES COMPARTIDAS PARA EL LOGRO ACADÉMICO DE ALTO ESTUDIANTE
Como parte de la política de participación de los padres y la familia a nivel escolar, cada escuela debe desarrollarse conjuntamente con los padres para todos los niños atendidos bajo esta parte, un pacto entre la escuela y los padres que describe cómo los padres, todo el personal escolar, y los estudiantes compartirán la responsabilidad de mejorar el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes. ESSA 1116 (d) (2)
La educación de un estudiante no es solo responsabilidad del maestro, sino también de los padres y el niño. Por esta razón, se ha desarrollado un Contrato de Padres y Maestros --- Estudiante y se utiliza en nuestra escuela. Este documento sirve como un acuerdo entre todas las partes para que cumplan con ciertos deberes y responsabilidades para garantizar el éxito del estudiante. Es revisado y firmado por todos al comienzo de cada año escolar. Los pactos firmados son guardados por el maestro y utilizados en las conferencias de padres y estudiantes para recordar a cada participante sus responsabilidades. Estos pactos también se usan para motivar a los estudiantes y padres a involucrarse más en el proceso educativo y para que los padres sepan que son socios iguales en el aprendizaje de sus hijos.
PARTE IV. COMPONENTES DE LA POLÍTICA EN LA AMPLIACIÓN DE LOS PADRES Y DE LA FAMILIA ENCAMPUS DISCRECIONAL
ELLa Política de participación de los padres y la familia en todo el campus puede incluir párrafos adicionales que enumeran y describen otras actividades discrecionales en las que la escuela, en consulta con sus padres, opta por desarrollar la capacidad y la participación de los padres en la escuela. la escuela y el sistema escolar para apoyar el logro académico de sus hijos, como las siguientes actividades discrecionales enumeradas en la sección 1116 (e) de la ESEA:
* con el fin de maximizar elpadres compromiso de losy la familia y la participación en la educación de sus hijos, organizando reuniones escolares a una variedad en ocasiones, o realizar conferencias en el hogar entre maestros u otros educadores, que trabajan directamente con los niños participantes, con padres que no pueden asistir a esas conferencias en la escuela;
* adoptar e implementar enfoques modelo para mejorar lapadres participación de losy la familia;
* establecer un consejo asesor de padres en toda la escuela para brindar asesoramiento sobre todos los asuntos relacionados con lapadres participación de losy la familia en los programas del Título I, Parte A;
* desarrollar roles apropiados para organizaciones comunitarias y empresas enpadres participación dey familias actividades de; y
* proporcionar otro apoyo razonable para laspadres participación de losy la familia actividades de
PARTE V. ADOPCIÓN
Esta Política de participación de los padres y la familia en toda la escuela ha sido desarrollada conjuntamente y acordada con los padres de niños que participan en los programas de la Parte A del Título I, como lo demuestra _(hoja de registro, actas de reuniones, etc.).
Esta política fue adoptada por la Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología Discovery el ____ 8/2019 ______ estará vigente durante el período académico 2018-19. La escuela distribuirá esta política a todos los padres de los niños participantes del Título I, Parte A, en _________ o antes, en persona, en el sitio web de la escuela y / o por correo electrónico.
_______________________________
(Firma del Oficial Autorizado)
_______________________________
(Fecha) | <urn:uuid:411d69f4-9ee4-4f2c-b248-39c204036ef7> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train | finepdfs | spa_Latn | 28,443 |
Docimologia
Appello del 10 settembre 2015 Esiti positivi
Coloro i quali sosterranno l'esame d'area nel prossimo appello potranno registrare l'esito positivo in quell'occasione, gli altri potranno farlo il giorno 18 alle ore 13,00 nello studio del docente quando chi vorrà potrà prendere visione della prova svolta.
Li 10 settembre 2015
Carlo Rango | <urn:uuid:29bd80ea-8724-4da4-ae86-68db1728660d> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 351 |
National Judicial Academy
06 th – 09 th November, 2023
SE-33: Training Programme on Gender Violence for Magistrates & Judicial Staff of Peru
Resource Persons | <urn:uuid:a91e6f06-a800-4328-b597-2a38762344e2> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 160 |
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Wenn Sie eine vielseitige und entwicklungsfähige Tätigkeit mit Freiraum schätzen, finden Sie bei uns genau das: eine Aufgabe in einer spannenden, zukunftsorientierten Branche, wo Ihre Eigeninitiative und Selbständigkeit gefragt sind.
Frau Barbara Rutschi, Leiterin Personal, freut sich auf Ihre elektronischen Bewerbungsunterlagen unter folgendem Link und steht Ihnen für weitere Fragen unter 071 973 74 33 gerne zur Verfügung. | <urn:uuid:8d531047-f9e7-4651-814b-b4a5d657d2a0> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train | finepdfs | deu_Latn | 2,336 |
Generalitat de Catalunya
Departament d'Ensenyament
Institut Torre Vicens
Lleida
LLIBRES DE TEXT 2017-2018
EDUCACIÓ SECUNDÀRIA OBLIGATÒRIA
PRIMER CURS
Els llibres de text de CATALÀ, CASTELLÀ, MATEMÀTIQUES i ANGLÈS estan socialitzats i, per tant, NO CAL COMPRAR-LOS. Les lectures de CATALÀ, CASTELLÀ i ANGLÈS NO ESTAN SOCIALITZADES.
AGENDA: L'AMPA de l'Institut proporcionarà l'agenda escolar als socis de l'AMPA. Es podran recollir al despatx de l'AMPA des del primer dia de curs.
MATEMÀTIQUES: LLibre socialitat
l.CASTELLANA : Llibre socialitzat
Lectures:
Jerry Pinkney, Fábulas de Esopo. Vicens Vives. ISBN 84-316-7164-5
Ana María Matute. El polizón del Ulises. Anaya. Clásicos Modernos. 978-84-678-6097-0
L CATALANA : Llibre socialtzat.
Lectures:
H.C: Andersen. El rossinyol i altres contes. Editorial Vicens Vives. Cucanya nº 26. 9788431678395
Morgenstem Susie, Cartes d'amor de 0 a 10. Pagès editors. Lleida 2014
Alumnes del grup PIM:
Steven Zorn, Relatos de monstruos. Vicens Vives. Cucaña. 978-84-316-7257-7
H.C: Andersen. El rossinyol i altres contes. Editorial Vicens Vives. Cucanya nº 26. 9788431678395
CIÈNCIES DE LA NATURALESA 1AESO i 1BESO: Biologia i Geologia. Sèrie Observa. Santillana. ISBN 97884-9047-198-2
CIÈNCIES DE LA NATURALESA 1CESO (Projecte en anglès): Biology and Geology. Santillana-Richmond. 978-84-680-1975-8
ANGLÈS (SOCIALITZAT): Interface 1. Workbook.
Lectura: William Shakespeare, THE SECRET GARDEN (Green Apple). Vicens Vives. (STARTER a1) 978-84-316-8175-3
FRANCÈS: Adosphère 1 Livre de l'élève ISBN: 978 84 675 4576 0. Adosphère 1 Cahier d'activités ISBN: 978 84 675 4580 7
CIÈNCIES SOCIALS: No s'utilitza llibre
TECNOLOGIA 1AESO, 1BESO: No s'utilitza llibre
TECNOLOGIA 1C ESO; Projecte Anglès
EDUCACIÓ VISUAL I PLÀSTICA: Material: Escaire, cartabó i regle de 30 cm. Llapis HB i B. Colors,
Retoladors, caixa temperes amb els colors primaris (magenta, cian i groc), blanc i negre, caixa d'aquarel·les.
EDUCACIÓ VISUAL I PLÀSTICA: Projecte Anglès
RELIGIÓ CATÒLICA: RELIGIÓ CATÒLICA 1º ESO. Ed. Edebé.978-84-683-2096-0
Generalitat de Catalunya Departament d'Ensenyament
Institut Torre Vicens
Lleida
LLIBRES DE TEXT 2017-2018
EDUCACIÓ SECUNDÀRIA OBLIGATÒRIA
SEGON CURS
Els llibres de text de CATALÀ, CASTELLÀ, MATEMÀTIQUES i ANGLÈS estan socialitzats i, per tant, NO CAL COMPRAR-LOS. Les lectures de CATALÀ, CASTELLÀ i ANGLÈS NO ESTAN SOCIALITZADES.
AGENDA: L'AMPA de l'Institut proporcionarà l'agenda escolar als socis de l'AMPA. Es podran recollir al despatx de l'AMPA des del primer dia de curs.
MATEMÀTIQUES: Llibre Socialitzat
L CASTELLANA: Llibre Socialitzat.
Lectures:
Isabel-Clara Simó, Mi hermano y yo. Algar Joven. ISBN 978-84-9845-137-5
Alumnes del grup PIM:
Jerry Pinkney, Fábulas de Esopo. Ed. Vicens Vives. ISBN: 84-316-7164-5
LLENGUA CATALANA: Llibre socialitzat .
Lectures
.R.J. Palacio. Wonder. La Campana. ISBN 9788496735712
Alumnes del grup PIM:
H.C: Andersen. El rossinyol i altres contes. Editorial Vicens Vives. Cucanya nº 26. 9788431678395
R. J. Palacio. Wonder. La Campana. ISBN 9788496735712
C. Casas i P. Paré. Llanterna màgica. Antologia poètica. Cucanya (Vicens Vives). 9788468215907
F. Geda. En el mar hi ha cocodrils. La Galera. ISBN 9788424642815
CIÈNCIES SOCIALS: G i H, Geografia i Història 2. Vicens Vives. 978-84-682-3592-9
ANGLÈS: Interface 2. Workbook.
Lectura: British and American festivities. Green Apple. Vicens Vives (Step 1 A29
FRANCÈS: Els alumnes acabaran el llibre de l'any passat (Adosphère 1 Livre de l'élève +Cahier d'activités).
Lectures:
Chiens et chats. Niveau Intro (Dominique Renaud). Col. Évasion/Santillana Français . ISBN:9788429408782
Concert en BretagneNiveau1 (Cecile Talguen) Col. Évasion/Santillana Français
CIÈNCIES DE LA NATURALESA: Ciències de la Naturalesa (edició nova). Santillana
Els alumnes que cursaran ciències de la naturalesa en anglès no cal que comprin aquest llibre.
TECNOLOGIA : No s'utilitza llibre
TECNOLOGIA 2C ESO : Projecte en anglès
EDUCACIÓ VISUAL I PLÀSTICA: Material: Escaire, cartabó i regle de 30 cm. Llapis HB i B. Colors, Retoladors, caixa temperes amb els colors primaris (magenta, cian i groc), blanc i negre, caixa d'aquarel·les.
RELIGIÓ: Religió Catòlica. Edebé. 978-84-683-1736-6
Generalitat de Catalunya
Departament d'Ensenyament
Institut Torre Vicens
Lleida
LLIBRES DE TEXT 2017-2018
EDUCACIÓ SECUNDÀRIA OBLIGATÒRIA
TERCER CURS
AGENDA: L'AMPA de l'Institut proporcionarà l'agenda escolar als socis de l'AMPA. Es podran recollir al despatx de l'AMPA des del primer dia de curs.
MATEMÀTIQUES: Matemàtiques. Serie AVANÇA . Editorial Santillana. Projecte Saber Fer.
LLENGUA CATALANA: Llengua catalana i literatura 3r ESO, Ed. Barcanova. 978-84-489-3632-7
Lectures
Jordi Sierra i Fabra. L’estrany Editorial Barcanova nº 184, ISBN 9788448929107
Mas, Hermínia,Estimat, t'he de deixar. Col. Butxaca nº 5. ISBN 9788493747503
Martorell, Joanot,Tirant lo Blanc, Clàssics adaptats. Cucanya Juvenil nº 32. Ed. Vicens-Vives
L CASTELLANA: Lengua castellana 3. F Ezquerra, I. Gutiérrez-Gamero. Barcanova. 978-84-489-3634-1
Lectures
Sierra i Fabra, Campos de fresas. Ed. SM. ISBN: 978-84-348-5286-0
A. Alcolea, El retrato de Carlota. Anaya. ISBN: 978-84-667-2727-3.
El Lazarillo de Tormes. Vicens-Vives. Clàsicos adaptados. 978-84-316-8025-1
CIÈNCIES SOCIALS: G i H, Geografia i Història 3. Vicens Vives. 978-84-3197-6
Alumnes 3r E – Aula Oberta – No s'utilitzarà llibre
ANGLÈS: Interface 3. Student's book 3 i Workbook. ( Macmillan)
3rA: King Arthur ans his Knights. Green Apple.Vicens Vives (Step 2 A2-B1)
3rB-C-DRomeo and Juliet.Drama.Black Cat.Vicens Vives
3rE – Aula Oberta: No s'utilitza llibre
FRANCÈS: Adosphère 2 Livre de l'élève ISBN: 978 84 675 4577 7.
Adosphère 2 Cahier d'activités ISBN: 978 84 675 4581 4
LLibre de lectura: La guerre des boutons A2 (L. Pergaud) Chat Noir. Lire et s'entraîner. ISBN: 9788468217772
FISICA I QUIMICA: Física i Química : Santillana 9788490472125
BIOLOGIA I GEOLOGIA: Biologia i Geologia. Santillana 9788490475515
TECNOLOGIA: No s'utilitza llibre
EDUCACIÓ VISUAL I PLÀSTICA: Material: Escaire, cartabó i regle de 30 cm. Llapis HB i B. Colors, Rotuladors, caixa temperes amb els colors primaris (magenta, cian i groc), blanc i negre, i caixa d'aquarel·les.
RELIGIÓ: Religió Catòlica. Edebé. 978-84-683-2097-7.
ELS ALUMNES QUE PERTANYEN AL GRUP D'AULA OBERTA NO UTILIZEN LLIBRES
Generalitat de Catalunya Departament d'Ensenyament
Institut Torre Vicens
Lleida
LLIBRES DE TEXT 2017-2018
EDUCACIÓ SECUNDÀRIA OBLIGATÒRIA
QUART CURS
AGENDA: L'AMPA de l'Institut proporcionarà l'agenda escolar als socis de l'AMPA. Es podran recollir al despatx de l'AMPA des del primer dia de curs.
LENGUA CATALANA: Llengua catalana 4, Editorial Barcanova. ISBN 978-84-489-3975-5
Lectura:
Pedrolo. Trajecte final. Barcanova. ISBN 9788448919788
Bayo, Emili. Premonicions. Editorial Estrella Polar. Col-lecció L' Illa del Temps. ISBN 9788490572214
H.P. Lovecraft. Relats espectrals. Vicens Vives nº 32. ISBN 9788431695804
LLENGUA CASTELLANA: Lengua castellana 4, Ed. Barcanova, ISBN 978-84-489-3983-0
Lectura:
Mirem Agur Reabe. La casa del acantilado. Editorial Edebé. IBN 978-84-236-7670-5
Carlos Ruiz Zafón, Marina. Ed. Edebé. Col. Best Seller. ISBN: 978-84-08-07280-5
G. A. Bécquer,Leyendas. Anaya. Clásicos a medida. ISBN: 978-84-667-9500-5
Care Santos. No me preguntes quién soy. La Galera. 978-84-246-4449-9
ANGLÈS: Interface 4. (Student's book and Workbook)
4tA: The Hound of the Baskervilles. Black Cat.Vicens Vives.(Step 3 B1-2)
Love in Shakespeare: Five Stories. Vicens Vives. Black Cat. 978-88-530-1097-1 (Step 3 B1-2)
4t B-C: The Hound of the Baskervilles.Black Cat.Vicens Vives .(Step 3 B1-2)
4t D – Aula Oberta: No s'utilitza llibre
FRANCÈS: Adosphère 2 Livre de l'élève ISBN: 978 84 675 4577 7.
Adosphère 2 Cahier d'activités ISBN: 978 84 675 4581 4
Llibres de lectura:
Un parfum de printemps .Niveau 2(Thierry Gallier) ISBN: 9788429409659
La veste noireNiveau3 /Evelyne Wilwerth) ISBN: 9788429409420
CIÈNCIES SOCIALS: G i H, Geografia i Història 4. Vicens Vives. 978-84-682-3601-8
Alumnes 4t D – Aula Oberta – No s'utilitzarà llibre
MATÈRIES OPTATIVES: (espereu a comprar-los al setembre, quan se us assigni optativa)
FISICA I QUIMICA: No s'utilitzarà llibre de text
BIOLOGIA I GEOLOGIA: Biologia i Geologia 4 ( edició 2016 ). Edebé 9788468318349.
TECNOLOGIA: No s'utilitzarà llibre de text
ELS ALUMNES QUE PERTANYEN AL GRUP D'AULA OBERTA NO UTILIZEN LLIBRES | <urn:uuid:f87eeae8-5a92-4753-86ac-2646983c7fe0> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/cat_Latn/train | finepdfs | cat_Latn | 8,569 |
Iowa's Water and Land Legacy Timeline
2006: The Iowa Legislature appointed the Sustainable Funding Advisory Committee to begin an indepth analysis and report back to the General Assembly and the Governor.
2007: The Committee provided their initial report and the legislature proposed language to create a constitutionally protected trust fund, recommended a funding mechanism (sales tax increase of 3/8 th of a cent) and determined an allocation formula.
2008 and 2009: Per Iowa law, the language had to pass through two different general assemblies, which it did with over 90% of the vote.
2010: 63% of Iowa voters voted to create the Natural Resources and Outdoor Recreation Trust Fund with a dedicated funding source.
2017: A diverse coalition including farmers, sportsmen and women, and business owners are coming together to fund the trust.
Facts about the Development of the Trust Fund
1. The Sustainable Funding Advisory Committee was bipartisan and diverse.
* Mark Ackelson, Iowa Natural Heritage Foundation
* Jane Clark, Sierra Club-Iowa Chapter
* Dan Cohen, IA Assc. of County Conservation Boards
* Dick Dearden, Iowa Senate- Democrat
* Barbara Finch, Iowa Farm Bureau
* Tammi Kircher, Ducks Unlimited
* Richard Leopold, Iowa Environmental Council
* Lola Lopes, The Nature Conservancy
* Mary Lundby, Iowa Senate- Republican
* Pauline Novotny, Izaak Walton League of Iowa
* Henry Rayhons, Iowa House of Representatives- Republican
* Deb Ryun, Conservation Districts of Iowa
* Marvin Shirley, Farmers Union
* Owen Shunkwiler, Iowa Renewable Fuels Association
* Ken Tow, Secretary of Agriculture
* Dave Van Waus, Pheasants Forever
* John Whitaker, Iowa House of Representatives- Democrat
2. Water Quality was always a critical focus
* Soil and water was one of three categories originally identified by the committee as a need
* Issues related to water quality, including agricultural runoff, identified as a top concern of Iowans in a survey back in 2007
* Formula crafted around a needs assessment that recognized the critical relationship between soil health and water quality
* Funding the trust removes Iowa's water quality decisions from federal bureaucrats at the EPA and judges in faraway courtrooms and instead is 100% locally controlled
Funding mechanisms were carefully evaluated by the committee based on financial need,
3. commonsense criteria, and a survey of Iowans
* Researched sustainable funding in other states
* Defined criteria for sustainable funding including:
o All Iowans benefit from sustainable funding and the burden of funding should be the responsibility of all Iowans. (This parameter is also supported by responses in the Willingness to Pay survey.)
o The funding mechanism should be stable, protected, and identified as dedicated
o The new funding must unite, rather than divide stakeholders
* Researched a broad range of funding mechanisms based on the criteria, which ultimately led to the recommendation of a constitutionally protected trust fund funded by a sales tax increase of 3/8 th cent
4. Quality of Life and Outdoor Recreation are vital to Iowa's economic vibrancy
* The quality of life provided by the Trust Fund to support outdoor recreation is key to workforce retention and development and the economic vibrancy of Iowa
* Outdoor recreation in Iowa generates $6.1 Billion annually and supports over 75,000 jobs in Iowa
5. The funding formula was carefully determined by an assessment of needs
* The committee researched and reviewed current streams of revenue and estimated that a sustainable total of $150 million per year over base funding is needed. That need has only grown in the past 10 years
* The committee assessed conservation needs, existing programs, and determined a formula that was easy to administer without the need to establish significant additional administrative staff
* The fund is administered by existing programs through IDALS and the DNR and does not create new costly, unnecessary bureaucracy
* The committee established a series of actions under each funding category that new dedicated funds would provide to Iowans
6. There are shovel ready projects in every category of the Trust Fund that are ready to be implemented with funding.
* Currently there are at least $673.3 million in shovel-ready projects identified by Iowa's Water and Land Legacy ready to implement today if funding were available
* $492.8 million of those projects are practices outlined in the Nutrient Reduction Strategy
* We have reliable science used in the predictive modeling and targeting maps developed by the Water Resource Coordinating Council to help us identify what practices are needed and where they are needed | <urn:uuid:7fb96375-209d-4658-a75e-66b311c86d89> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 4,697 |
Draakjes op een rij
Kijk goed naar de eerste rij draakjes en rondjes. Tel welk rondje gekleurd is. Teken een cirkel om dat draakje in de rij. Doe hetzelfde met de andere rijen.
NIVEAU 1
ik reken, tel en meet | <urn:uuid:08f0a5de-88fc-4645-9cbd-93d89dcce475> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/nld_Latn/train | finepdfs | nld_Latn | 210 |
Ersatzneubau Kindergarten „Güstner Spatzen"
GKK AG NL Berlin,
Franz-Mehring-Platz 1, 10243 Berlin, Telefon: 030 29784638, Telefax: 030 29784639
„Güstner Spatzen"
Im Rahmen des Ersatzneubaus der Kindertagesstätte „Güstner Spatzen" in einer Niedrigenergie - Haus Ausführung wurde eine Lüftungsanlage des Herstellers „Menerga" montiert.
Die zentrale RLT-Anlage wird in der TG-Ebene angeordnet. Das RLT-Gerät wird mit einem Rotationswärmetauscher als Wärmerückgewinnungseinheit
(Wirkungsgrad von 80% und größer möglich) sowie EC-Motoren bei den Ventilatoren ausgestattet.
Objekt
Kindertagesstätte
Bauherr
VG Saale-Wipper
Auftragswert
117.000 EUR
Ausführungszeitraum
05/14 – 05/15
Leistungsumfang
Lüftung
Technische Details
1 Lüftungsanlage inkl. Sichtmontage der Leitungswege. | <urn:uuid:6d6affcf-70a6-4596-b57c-fbe5054b0fa8> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train | finepdfs | deu_Latn | 791 |
Invitation
Advent is upon us, and as the season approaches, I want to return to Jim Ozier’s four stages of recommendation. Invitation is the highest form of recommendation. New people are more likely to visit us during the seasons of Advent/Christmas and Lent/Easter. What does that look like? (1.) Posting on your Facebook page a picture of New Haven UMC with worship times or information for a special event. “I’ll be here for Christmas Eve services, won’t you come and join me?” (2.) Inviting someone you know. “We love our church! Why don’t you come with us next Sunday? We would be glad to pick you up and have lunch afterward!” (3.) I know you are the kind of guy who loves to build things. We’re building a new storage shed at the church, would you like to come with me next Saturday and help?”
Personal invitation is the best way to grow your church, but I want you to remember the ultimate of invitation. The goal is to move people lovingly into the community of faith called the church. There they can experience first hand the love and grace that Christ calls us to share with all people. It is also important for us to remember, that our actions through the week are often the most powerful witness we have! If people are going to respond positively to our invitation, it will be because we have lived like Christians through the week. “They’ll know we are Christians by our love!” Go and love my friends, and invite!!!
In His service,
Pastor James
Welcome Glenn & Megan!
After visiting New Haven for several Sundays Glenn and Megan Hackleman decided to make it official and joined our church family on Sunday, November 25 at the 11:00 am service. If you have not met Glenn and Megan be sure to welcome them introduce yourself.
We are thrilled to welcome Glenn and Megan to New Haven!!
Hospitality Group
There is a new group starting at New Haven and YOU (YES, YOU) are invited to be a part of it! That’s right everyone at New Haven is welcome to join this group who will be tending the Visitor Desk and welcoming our guests to our church. We would like to get a group for each of our services, that way we can take turns greeting. This group will only meet once in a while to exchange ideas on improving how we welcome visitors to New Haven. Let’s be intentional about making our guests feel welcome! If you would like to be a part of this new ministry, please contact Adriaan Duiveman.
Christmas Potluck Dinner
Sunday, December 9 at 6:30 pm
Bring your favorite dish and join us as we take time from our busy lives to gather and celebrate the Christmas Season with our New Haven Church Family.
We need helpers to set up tables and chairs in the gym after the 11:00 am Worship service. We also need 4-5 people to arrive at 5:30 pm to put on the last minute finishing touches! After the dinner we will need a few people to stay and help clean up and put away the tables and chairs.
Memorial Tree
This Sunday Dec. 2nd after our 11:00 am Service
Most of you know we started this when our dear Nathan Wofford passed away 11 years ago, he was all about Christmas, all year long. With the Years it became a special tree for everyone that lost a love one.
On Sunday we will have just one Service and we invite everyone as a family, even if you are visiting our church, to join us outside after the service on the front lawn to place the ornaments on the tree and gather around as Pastor James shares a prayer with us.
We will have a table set up with ornaments in the narthex, you can pick some up and place them on the tree, if you would like to bring your own special ornament please do so, or if you want you can also write a name of your loved one of the extra ornaments. If you prefer you can also place an ornament at any time in private on the tree.
Looking forward to joining with all of you next week after the Hanging of the Greens service and sharing this special time with each other.
Adriaan Duiveman
Christmas Angel Tree
Please bring you gifts to New Haven by:
December 2 for ChildShare or
December 9 for the Carnegie Elementary
Call or text Stacey at 918.381.5450 if you have any questions.
Thank you for supporting this Annual New Haven Angel Tree Mission.
The Susanna Circle of United Methodist Women will have a Christmas Brunch at the home of President Susan Lamkin 4035 E 52nd Place Thursday, December 13 at 10am All ladies welcome to learn about UMW! Bring your Thank Bank donations!
Please RSVP 918-557-9148 email@example.com
Sunday, December 2
One Service at 11:00 am
Hanging of the Greens!
Join us this Sunday for our Annual Hanging of the Greens special Worship Service.
Let’s all help decorate our church in preparation of the Birth of the Christ Child.
Thirteen people representing New Haven United Methodist Church took a three-day, two-night trip to Branson, MO recently. During our time away, we attended three shows – Hughes Brothers, Buck Trent, and Sampson; we shopped for (and bought) treasures; we ate and laughed and just plain ole’ had a good time! Of course, what happens in Branson stays in Branson but then what fun is that? For instance, the group stayed up way past my bedtime (yes, after midnight at IHOP) and ate like we were starving (not all of us were able to catch the roll on the first try at Lambert’s). I got some new jokes to add to my repertoire too. A suggestion was made that next year we hand a can of Red Bull out to each person when boarding the bus to go to Branson and a can of Slim Fast when we leave to go home. I’m not sure that this was intended to be serious, but I’m taking it under advisement.
Shirley Nelson did an excellent job of planning the trip from where we stayed to the great seats at all three shows. David Toalson was our capable driver dropping us off and picking us up.
Opportunities of the Week
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 26
6:00 pm Writer’s Group (161, 185)
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 27
7:00 pm Boy Scouts (Gym)
7:30 pm AA
WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 28
6:00 pm Youth Group
6:00 pm One Spirit Choir
7:00 pm ACOA (210)
7:00 pm Bell Choir
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 29
10:00 am Grief Recovery Group (Chapel)
10:00 am Susanna Circle (Parlor)
4:30 pm Staff Meeting (Parlor)
6:00 pm Praise Band
7:15 pm Yoga (Gym)
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 30
7:30 pm AA (Gym)
SATURDAY, DECEMBER 1
SUNDAY, DECEMBER 2
8:45 am Contemporary Worship
9:45 am Connection Groups
11:00 am Traditional Worship
4:15 pm Footprints Dance Rehearsal
4:30 pm Disciple II/Parlor
5:00 pm Invitation to the Old Testament
5:00 pm Jr. High Bible Study
6:00 pm Youth Fellowship Dinner
6:30 pm Thanksgiving Worship
December Birthdays
7 Jim Harris
John Sartain
8 Evan Stevenson
13 Michael Foster
Jennifer Lawrence
14 Dee Kemp
16 Linda Blackford
Susan Lamkin
17 Kathryn Stevenson
21 Cathy Amos
Billy Jagger
Kelly Sartain
27 Diana Horn
30 Megan Lamkin
Sunday Attendance
November 18, 2018
Worship Attendance
8:45 am ~ 51
11:00 am ~ 96
Thanksgiving Service ~ 42
Live Stream ~ 12
Total ~ 201
Sunday School:
Adults ~ 59
Youth ~ 7
Children ~ 19
November 25, 2018
Worship Attendance
8:45 am ~ 44
11:00 am ~ 94
Live Stream ~ 10
Total ~ 144
Sunday School:
Adults ~ 62
Youth ~ 17
Children ~ 11
New Haven Staff Members
Rev. James B. Graham Senior Pastor
Cynthia Edelman Business Manager
Stephen Merrick Music Director
Teresa Roberts Organist
Patrick Grafton Youth Director
Marti Lowery Children Director
Carol Morgan Office Clerical Asst.
Cindy Taylor Day School Director
Brittany Fox Nursery Director
Oscar Sturgeon Custodian
Rev. Suzanne Davis Retired Deacon
Rev. Jeanette Boyd Retired Deacon
Rev. Robin Stevens Retired Deacon
Please Pray For...
Ann White
Janice Duffield
Mary Lou Black
Bill Gotcher
Linda Joyce’s sister Dana
Cyd Soderfelt Alon’s 6 yr. old grand nephew, liver cancer
Jerry Fisher’s mother Dorothy
Linda Gregory’s brother Roger
Visit our website
www.newhavenumc.org
The SPIRE (USPS 006-409) is every 2 weeks by New Haven United Methodist Church
5603 South New Haven Avenue, Tulsa, OK 74135-4100.
Send articles to firstname.lastname@example.org
Adult Connection Groups
Come join us at 9:45 am!
Room 185: Discovery Class “Defiant Joy”
Parlor: Fellowship Class Adult Bible Study Curriculum
Room 209: New Friendship Class “Religion & Violence”
Room 103: Interlude Class Join us for as we Journey Toward Christmas with Adam Hamilton!
Room 206: New Haven 206 Connection Group “Making Sense of the Bible” by Adam Hamilton
Room 161: Roundtable Group is studying “Knowing God” | <urn:uuid:8297f871-6f6f-4ea8-b05b-948e28d0b749> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 8,424 |
Florida Sentinel Bulletin, April 14, 2009
Gwen Hayes
Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/florida_sentinel_bulletin
Recommended Citation
Hayes, Gwen, "Florida Sentinel Bulletin, April 14, 2009" (2009). Florida Sentinel Bulletin Collection. 346. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/florida_sentinel_bulletin/346
This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Florida Periodicals at Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Sentinel Bulletin Collection by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. For more information, please contact email@example.com.
Brother Charged With Man’s Murder; Friend Is Missing
SEE STORY ON PAGE 3
REVEREND ABRAHAM BROWN HONORED
Jake and Liz Merchant hosted a party at their home in The Reserve of Old Tampa Bay that honored Reverend Abraham Brown, celebrating his life and love. Friends and family joined the Merchants in honoring Rev. Brown on Saturday, April 4, 2009, as they gathered for food, fun and conversation. Rev. Brown and Merchant are longtime friends as Merchant served as Executive Director of Abe Brown Ministries for many years. Among the gentlemen in attendance were: kneeling, William Harris and Robert Blount, Jr. Standing from left: Dr. W. W. Andrews, James Hammond, Ronald Leal, Rev. Abraham Brown, Jake Merchant, Robert Blount, III, Carey Jones and Lester Daniels, Sr. (Photography by Brunson)
LOCAL
30th St. Sentinel Paper Man Dies
SEE PAGE 2
LOCAL
Area Youngsters Get Shot At Musical
SEE PAGE 6
LOCAL
Child, 4, Recognized For Rescuing Mom
SEE PAGE 6
LOCAL
Two Women Hurt In House Fire
SEE PAGE 3
30th And Osborne Fixture Succumbs To Kidney Failure
A fixture at the corner of 30th Street and Osborne Ave. for more than 20 years died last Thursday evening at St. Joseph's Hospital. He had battled kidney ailment for 7-1/2 years.
Fred 'Kojak' Gilbert could be seen every Monday and Thursday nights, Tuesdays and Fridays and sometimes the day after, if he needed to service his customers. Gilbert, 69, had stood at that corner for about 20 years, watching the Sentinel to passersby, who didn't have to leave their cars. Some of his customers were so dedicated until if they purchased a paper from someone else, they still bought a paper from him. They enjoyed his conversation and the big smile he shared, even when he was ailing.
Gilbert's wife, Mrs. Diane Gilbert said her husband was just as fond of his customers. He loved his customers, she said. "Even when he wasn't feeling up to getting the papers out, he just wanted to be on that corner where he could talk with the people and they'd talk with him," she said.
Over the past few years, the dialysis treatment took its toll on Gilbert. Last week, he told his wife he was tired. He passed away on Thursday.
He was a self-made handy man who worked various jobs, and always stayed busy.
"He had to always be doing something with his hands - bouncing a basketball or boxing the air, even with the doctors," Mrs. Gilbert said.
A native of Springfield, OH, Gilbert had been in the Tampa community for more than 30 years. He and his wife are the parents of a 10-year-old son, Fred, Jr. Gilbert was also the father of an older son, Darryl Chandler (wife, Michelle), and has 3 granddaughters.
Funeral services will be held Saturday, April 18, 1 p.m. at the family's church home, New Birth M. B. Church. Rev. Herbert McFadden, Pastor. There will be a wake Friday afternoon. Harmon Funeral Home is in charge of arrangements.
Heart Attack Claims Life Of Popular Restaurant Owner
Royals were sitting watching television. Mr. Royal, 74, suffered a massive heart attack. He was pronounced dead at the scene.
The Royals were married for 57 years, and had five children, one of them Isaac, Jr., who passed away a few years ago.
Mr. Royal retired from W. R. Bonsal after 25 years of service.
Besides running the restaurant, the Royals were long-time foster parents and were loved by everyone they came in contact with. Mr. Royal was a Deacon at Hosey Temple Church on 15th Street. Inspired by her mother, Ms. Royal and her husband opened the restaurant, using some of her mother's famous recipes. Her mother, 98, is still alive and still cooks.
The Florida Foster Family Home will assist the family with arrangements, and services have been planned for this Saturday, 11 a.m., at Hosey Temple Church.
Top Ladies Of Distinction Attend Leadership Conference
Members of the Top Ladies of Distinction, Inc., Tampa Bay-West Central Florida Chapter recently attended a 27th Area IV Leadership Conference, March 26 - 29, in Greensboro, N.C. The Conference was hosted by The Greater Guilford Chapter of Top Ladies of Distinction, Inc.
TLOD is celebrating its 45th Sapphire Anniversary, which was highlighted with a Sapphire Ladies Choice Luncheon. The theme of this year's conference was, "Providing 21st Century Leadership Through Exemplary Service." The national organization is divided into six regions and the Tampa Bay-WCF Chapter is in Area IV.
The ladies attending the conference from Tampa were Lady Lorretta Cottman, Treasurer - Area IV Region, Lady Christine Frazer, Lady Dawnette Frazer-Woods, Lady Tanya Hamilton, Lady Jean Miller, Lady Verne Moore, and Lady Maria Singfield.
Also in attendance were 4 Top Teens - Teen Monique Bruner, Teen Elisha Harris, Teen Gary Graves-Barnes, and Teen Houston Graves Barnes. Teen Monique Bruner took 2nd place in the Annual Speakers Contest.
The Organizer of the Tampa Bay-WCF Chapter is Lady Christine Frazer and the president is Lady Dawnette Frazer-Woods.
Man Accused Of Killing Younger Brother
BY IRIS B. HOLTON
Sentinel City Editor
Tampa Police detectives have arrested and charged a 28-year-old man with the murder of his younger brother. The body was found in a wooded area last Tuesday evening.
On Tuesday, April 7th, shortly before 5 p.m., a passerby discovered the body of an unidentified African American male in a wooded area near Stanley Road and Cooper Road. The man had no identification and police estimated that the body had been at the location between 24 and 36 hours. He was identified as 21-year-old Carl G. Walters.
According to Ms. Laura McElroy, spokesperson for the Tampa Police Department, the victim's mother was contacted after his vehicle was found abandoned in Copeland Park on Thursday.
"She contacted Walters' older brother, Derrick Cullins and asked where was Walters. Cullins told her that Walters had gone on vacation and she told him to file a missing person's report."
She attempted to report her son missing to the Plant City Police Department and was told to contact us. On Friday, Cullins had not reported his brother missing and his mother went to the home the two shared. She called police between 9 p.m. and 10 p.m. on Friday.
McElroy said the Tampa Police Department was aware that the Sheriff's Office was trying to identify a murder victim found near a wooded area and the two agencies worked together on the case. She said Walters' mother identified her son from the computer-generated photograph created by the Sheriff's Office.
Police executed a search warrant at the residence on E. Humphrey the victim shared with his older brother Friday night. Detectives reportedly discovered evidence that a violent struggle had taken place at the residence.
As the investigation continued, police spoke with 28-year-old Derrick Eugene Cullins. During the investigation, police reportedly observed unexplained cuts on Cullins' fingers, a bite mark on his buttocks, and a bite mark on his chest. He also had blood on his clothing and shoes, police said.
Cullins was taken into custody and charged with 2nd degree murder in connection with the death of his brother. Police said the murder took place some time between 7 p.m., on Sunday and 5 p.m., on Monday.
Ms. McElroy said Cullins never confessed to the murder and stated that he wasn't even in the Plant City area. However, she said, a video from a convenience store shows Cullins making a purchase with his credit card about 4 miles from where Walters' body was found.
Missing and Endangered
She further stated that police are also searching for 20-year-old Ryan Darkins Davis, a friend of Walters.
"Darkins Davis left his home with Walters last Sunday. He hasn't been seen or heard from since. He told his mother that he was going to spend the night with Walters because he had an appointment on Monday. We are asking anyone who knows the whereabouts of Darkins Davis to contact police. We are very concerned for his safety."
Ms. Robin Harris, the mother of Darkins Davis said she reported her son missing on Wednesday. She said the last time she saw her son was on Sunday, April 5th and he was with the man found murdered, Carl Walters.
She said that was the first time she had met Walters. After not hearing from her son by Wednesday, Ms. Harris reported him missing. She said it was unlike him to not contact his family.
Darkins Davis is described as being 5'5" and weighing about 120 pounds. He has a low haircut and a tattoo of musical notes behind his ear. He also has a mole on his nose and near his left eye.
Ms. Harris described her son as having a light goatee and said he smiles a lot. Darkins Davis graduated from Middleburg High School in 2007 and is a student at Hillsborough Community College, where he is a Criminal Justice major.
Police, Racism And An Old Idea!
We've heard it all too often. A Black man steps out on his front porch to confront a misunderstanding between his son and a police officer, and the man, 73 year old retired power company lineman Bernard Monroe ends up shot dead by a policeman's bullet. This happened, in Homer, Louisiana, several days ago. That further reminded us of what happened recently in Oakland, California when four police officers lost their lives, and certain citizens had the nerve to cheer because of the poisonous atmosphere between citizens and police, in that town.
Excuse us, but is there a virus going 'round? Is America slipping back into its 50's, 60's and 70's "Dark Ages"? What happened to so-called sensitivity training and police-community workshops? We wanted to know. So, we asked. And in one sentence, this is what we found out:
Due to economic short falls, and political re-thinking, such initiatives as Cultural Diversity, Human Diversity and Leadership for Law Enforcement, as well as Police-Community Workshops, have been discontinued by most municipalities and police departments.
How handy this Depression has become. It has given too many of our institutions a initiative not to do what they really wanted to do, in the first place. What's the bottom line? People die. Officers make mistakes because they've not been trained.
No, diversity training and police-community workshops are not foolproof. But one thing is for certain. When applied continuously, they have saved a lot of lives.
A Case For Paying Now Instead Of Later
A homeowner was overheard to say, "The loss of jobs by City of Tampa workers and the increase in the cost to enroll my three children in the City's summer recreation program was not worth the $217 reduction in my property taxes. Now, the legislature is increasing cigarette and other taxes to make up for the loss. I don't go along with it." To our fellow-homeowner, we hate to tell it, but we told you so! In fact, we predicted that the election year "cuts in taxes" would haunt us, later on. Now, cities, counties and states must pay a heavy price for those so-called cuts.
Considering there were no marches on Tallahassee or other acts of mass citizen rebellion regarding property tax cuts, we are still trying to fathom why our State Legislature didn't simply freeze taxes instead of cutting taxes, in the first place. Even more, how could the Legislature not project the dire impact that property tax-cuts would have, on our counties and cities? We predict it is only a matter of time before legislators will be forced to raise property taxes again.
Meanwhile, our legislature is considering budget cuts for state youth services through the Juvenile Assessment Centers (JAC). Unfortunately, too many of our Black parents are aware of and or have used the services of that organization. Indeed, youth who are arrested or taken into police custody are taken to the JAC and are provided a battery of assessments and referral services. Many youths are influenced to turn their lives around as result of JAC intervention. So, we predict even worse consequences than property tax-cuts if cuts to JAC centers are passed. What we have found is so-called property tax-cutting is a buzz-word that only works on campaign trails. Perhaps, the people have been bamboozled. We urge our legislators to forget about cuts to JAC!
Enjoying a cookout at Rogers Park in this photo from the past are Thomas Greene, Jr., Thomas Greene, Sr., Mrs. Rose Samples, Joan Greene, Mrs. Emma Greene, and Clannie Greene.
Delta's Queen Of Hearts Ball was attended by James Ransom, Kelly White, and Margaret and Mose Theodore.
North Tampa Little League held a banquet and the Rams Junior Varsity were there. They are: Tim Standberry, Ronnie Arline, Albert Jones, Cornell Herring, Pat Hester, Jeff Bush, Myron Davis, Duane Roberts, Raymond Major, Darrell Williams, Eric Slaughter, Theodore Franklin, Wayne Owens, James Ricks, Tommy King, Cory Roberson, Paul Brown, Scott Thomas, Hank Hughes, Brian Burns, Charles White, Seymour Faison, Delvin Ragland, Mike Shanklin, Carlos Williams, Roy Tolbert, Terry Bell, John Shuler, Marcus Haner, Charles Furman, Fletcher Lawson and Arthur Ziegler.
In this photo from the past are Lucy Cuyler, Ruth Williams, Loretta George, Darlene Bunche, Wanda McKenzie, and Beatrice McKenzie.
Area Youngsters Get Shot At Spot In 'Oz, The Musical'
BY GWENDOLYN HAYES
Sentinel Editor
Several area youngsters will get an opportunity to be introduced to the theatre when they have an opportunity to audition as one of the munchkins in Oz, The Musical. The production is coming to Tampa June 20, 2009 for a 3-day production.
Auditions are being held by Todrick D. Hall, who wrote and directed The Musical. He is being assisted by Tampa's own actress, Kandace Nunn, who debuted last year with a lead role in the stage production of The Backyardigans as Uniqua.
In addition to writing and directing, Hall is also the choreographer of this contemporary twist on Dorothy's journey through the magical land of Oz.
A native of Texas, Hall was discovered in his elementary school library by a talent recruiter named Pat Carthel. She introduced him to his first musical. He has performed in amusement parks, cruises ships, "The Color Purple" along with Fantasia and many other productions.
He has worked with thousands of children across the country reaching them the power of music and dance. His goal is to inspire young, underprivileged children and encourage them to enter the world of musical theatre. That's why he personally invites children to the auditions for the show in each city. From these experiences, many of them go on to enroll in dance and acting school.
A graduate of Howard W. Blake High School, Kandace continued her education at the University of the Arts, Philadelphia, PA, from where she earned a BSA degree in Dance Education. She went on a more than 50-city tour with The Backyardigans in 2008. In Oz, The Musical, she will be one of the Doo-Wop Girls, Hall said.
Auditions are going to be held Tuesday, April 21st, 4 p.m., at Cheryl Lee Studio of Dance, 7701 Boca Ciega Dr., St. Petersburg; Wednesday, April 22nd, 5:45 p.m., Largo.
Todrick Hall, right, backstage with Oprah Winfrey when he appeared in "The Color Purple."
KANDACE NUNN
Community Center, 65 Fourth St., North West Largo; Thursday, April 23rd, 5 p.m., Suncoast Dance Academy, 912 Central Ave., St. Petersburg; Monday, April 27th, Brucie Klay's Dance Center, 3600 E. 1st Manatee Ave., Tampa, 5 p.m.; Tuesday, April 28th, 3 p.m., Frank Rey Dance Studio, 3021 W. Waters Ave., Tampa; and Rizing Star Dance Academy, 4040 W. Waters Ave., Suite 2200, Tampa.
Auditions are being held today, (Tuesday, April 14th), 4 p.m. at Art In Motion Academy, 1037 S. Florida Ave., Lakeland.
Child, 4, Who Called 9-1-1 For Mom Recognized
BY IRIS B. HOLTON
Sentinel City Editor
On Tuesday, (today), members of the Tampa Police Department will present an award to an astute 4-year-old. He is being recognized because he had the presence of mind to call 9-1-1 after his mother passed out.
Ms. Alisia Givens said she began experiencing chest pains as she was driving down the street. "I pulled over into the parking lot of the post office on Nebraska Avenue, (near Sligh), and I must have passed out. When I awoke, police were all around the car."
Ms. Givens, 20, said she was having the pain in her chest and was feeling dizzy and that's why she pulled off the road. Although she had taught Andre how to dial 9-1-1 in the event of an emergency, she didn't think he would know when to make the call. Ms. Givens was taken to the hospital, where she was treated and released for a pulled muscle.
And Andre became a hero immediately being recognized by the officers who responded to the call. Everyone told Andre that he had done a good job. On Tuesday, at 3:30 p.m., Tampa Police Chief Stephen Henderson presented Andre with "The Chief's Bravery Award" for staying calm and immediately calling 9-1-1 when he saw that his mother was in distress. The ceremony will take place at 3:30 at the police station in downtown Tampa.
Andre received a lot of praise from his mom and great grandmother, Mrs. Earnestine Givens, as well. "My grandmother was very proud of him and told him that he did a good job." Her mom said he loves to visit Chuck E. Cheese so he will be given a special trip there as well.
What are the Building Blocks to Healthy Relationships?
Head Start/Early Head Start is offering full-day, FREE seminars for eligible singles and couples, with children ages 0 -- 5, who want to improve the relationship they ARE IN or WANT TO BE IN.
Participants must meet income guidelines. For more information or to register, call Serena Climeros at 813-272-5140 x3167.
UPCOMING SEMINAR
APRIL 18
Town 'N Country
Come find out the keys to RELATIONSHIP HAPPINESS!
Seminars also include FREE professional child care, breakfast, lunch, door prizes and gifts!
Teen GED Students, USF Professor Address School Dropouts
On March 24, 2009, several teen GED students from I CAN! Community Education Coalition, Inc., a nonprofit, community education organization, and University of South Florida Department of Special Education Assistant Professor, Dr. Patricia Alvarez McHatton, hosted a workshop. The presentation was entitled "Personal Stories: Students' Perspectives of Schooling" and was held for USF Suncoast Area Teacher Training Program students.
In Hillsborough County, over 1,600 students dropped out of public schools during the 2007-2008 school year.
Dr. McHatton, with support from USF doctoral students, Jenna Pollard-Sage and Stephanie Martinez, secured a grant to develop an innovative research study and workshop on school dropouts. The study is entitled, "Minority Adolescents' Sense of Purpose After Dropping Out Of School." They collaborated with GED students enrolled in I CAN Succeed Program, a summer program for teens age 16-18 years old. The students are Heather Jones, 16; Antonio Mack, 16, Rogriesha Moore, 16; Vontava Johnson, 17; Keisha Bell, 17; Lydia Burns, 17; and Rosalyn Sanders, 22.
The workshop included a multi-media presentation on dropout statistics and dropout prevention strategies. The GED students served as a panel sharing their perspective on public schools, education and teachers. They discussed how teachers and the school system have impacted their education, and they gave recommendations for what teachers should do to insure positive outcomes for all students.
I CAN! teens have a 100% passing rate on the GED test.
For more information about the program, contact Ms. Tate-Martin at (813) 374-5000 or via e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org. The website is www.icanadultliteracy.org.
Children's Board Offers Many Services
BY LEON B. CREWS
Sentinel Staff Writer
The Children's Board of Hillsborough County is a valuable asset to the community few people know anything about.
Carolyn Eastman, Director of Communications, said it's time to get the word out to the community - what the Children's Board does.
"We have to substantiate our funding, and that's hard to do when the services aren't being used. What we discovered is that people don't know who we are or what we do."
"What people don't realize is small neighborhood grassroots initiatives are what we concentrate on. We get $6.00 for every dollar we spend. Right now, we're trying to attract utilization of the services we offer and increase access to those services.
Among the services offered by the Children's Board are services for pregnant women, helping parents be better teachers, kids at risk, Just For Girls, dealing with child abuse, before and after school care, mentoring programs, volunteer opportunities for teen and college preparatory courses.
We also give support to caregivers other than parents, family support and resources, neighborhood resources, housing resources, helping nonprofits flourish, research on youth and families, advocating for children, extra support, day care providers, art enrichment programs, and adoption.
To learn more about the Children's Board, call (813) 229-2884, or visit their website at www.childrens-board.org.
Local
‘How To Publish A Book’ Is Topic Of Panel Discussion
On Wednesday, April 15th, a group of panelists will gather at Alumni Center Traditions Hall, on the campus of the University of South Florida, at 6:30 p.m., for Wide Woke Wednesday’s Live Interactive Talk Show. The topic this month is “How To Publish A Book.”
The panelists are: Ms. Marcia Freespirit, James Evans, LaVar Henry, and Tony A. Gaskins, Jr.
Author LaVar J. Henry, said, “The pictures of your future can be found in actions of yours today. What you do today affects tomorrow. If you make a mistake, it can cause you hardships down the road. In contrast, if you conduct yourself in a positive manner, you can benefit from your commendable actions.”
Ms. Marcia Freespirit, CEO of JimSam Inc. Publishing, said, “As a publisher, we strive to empower women and improve personal, business, and community relationships while having a positive impact on organizations, individuals, and families.
“We seek to promote peaceful and effective relationships that allow people from all walks of life to meet—and even exceed—their goals. We are driven by our faith and belief that one person and one company really can change the world.”
James Marcus Evans, Founder and Executive Director Tampa Bay Academy of Hope, Inc., said, “The greatest essential in life is service, so keep helping others.”
Motown Maurice, founder and moderator of Wide Woke Wednesday’s said, “Anyone interested in networking and having a great time should attend. Some of the things they will learn include: how to market a book; how being an author can help shape your future as an author; understanding the publishing industry; benefits of writing a book; and other useful information.
In addition to the panelists, here will be video presentations, give-a-ways, entertainment, and an opportunity for the public to join in the discussion.
The panel discussion is open to anyone in the community. However, those who are thinking about writing a book, poets who would like to publish their work, and writers seeking publishers may find it of particular interest.
For additional information about the event visit the website at www.WideWoke.com, contact Motown Maurice at (813) 951-0794; or by e-mail at email@example.com.
Work Of Gifted Sketch Artist Graces Cover Of 2009-2010 Calendar
The art of a 6th grader at Coleman Elementary School graces the cover of the March 2009 – March 2010 that is distributed in Hillsborough County by the Tampa Bay Fair Housing Consortium, made possible through funding by the U.S. Dept. of Housing and Urban Development.
Joshua Felder’s drawing depicting persons interacting in a housing environment without regard to race, disability, national origin, creed or religion, won second place in the Tampa Bay Fair Housing Consortium’s ‘No Place Like Home’ poster contest. Despite being the second place winner, the same poster is the cover for the Hillsborough County Calendar, and for the month of October.
In November, 2008, Joshua received a commendation from the President/CEO of ABLE Trust, Susanne F. Homan, for his participation in the 1st Annual Holiday Card Contest, whose theme was “Christmas in Florida.” The letter praised his “creative ideas,” such as the snowman wearing Bermuda shorts and the dolphin pulling Santa’s sleigh. The letter stated, “Keep on sketching, you have a true talent.”
For whatever reason, Joshua is infatuated and inspired by stacked buildings. So much so, his mother, Mrs. Mary Bradley-Felder, says, to the point that he doesn’t want the family to move from their apartment complex to a home.
Two years ago, while a student at Dale Mabry Elementary School, Joshua won a Visual Arts Merit Award at the Florida State Reflections Cultural Arts Contest. This, too, was a drawing of the apartment building where they live.
The son also of Mitchell Felder, Joshua has won several awards for his artistic abilities. He won 1st and 3rd place at the county level Reflections Cultural Arts Contest and 3rd place in the Rembrandt Youth Art Competition for his sketch depicting the theme “No Place Like Home” in 2008.
Social Event
Teacher Of Year Nominees Treated To Red Carpet Affair
The Hillsborough Education Foundation hosted a red carpet affair to recognize the nominees for the Teacher of the Year (2009-2010) Award. The event was held at the Tampa Convention Center. (Photographs by Micheal Floyd, Jr.)
Staff representing Clair-Mel Elementary School were, Shelly Herman, Principal; Richard Grayes, Assistant Principal; and Faye Lefler Cook, the Clair-Mel nominee.
Louis Brinson, Assistant Superintendent of Administration, is shown with Lorraine Johnson, Guidance Secretary of Rodgers Middle School.
Andre and Denise Ford were among the guests. Mrs. Ford was the nominee from D. W. Waters Career Center.
Cassandra and William Granville attended the Teacher of the Year nominees dinner.
Micheal P. Floyd, Jr., an instructor at Clair-Mel Elementary School, is shown with James Gibbs of Burns Middle School.
Fair Housing
It’s the Law, Know your Rights
A FREE Public Education Forum
Saturday, April 18, 2009
10a.m. – 1:00p.m.
Check-in: 9:30a.m.
Greater Tampa Association of Realtors, Inc.
2918 West Kennedy Boulevard
Tampa, Florida 33609
Reservations are required for seating. For more information, contact City of Tampa Community Affairs at 813-274-5935.
Council Votes 4-2 To Continue Water Restrictions
During Thursday’s City Council meeting, the issue of the city’s Water Restriction Ordinance was raised. Owners of lawn care services and other businesses dependent on water use, asked Council members to modify the ordinance, because their businesses were suffering.
In a 4-2 vote, Council members rejected the idea of modifying the ordinance and voted that, by hand-held hose with shut-off attachments is still in effect. Also, water restrictions imposed by the Southwest Florida Water Management District (SWIFTMUD) are also still in effect.
Both groups have said the restrictions will stay in place until the rainy season begins in June or July.
Party In The Park
The City of Tampa will be hosting “Party In The Park 2009” on Saturday, April 18, 2009, 11 a.m. – 2 p.m. at the Sulphur Springs Pool, 702 E. Bird St.
There will be free food and prizes, cool interactive games, educational and fun hand-outs and police and fire presentations.
Colts Re-Sign Free Agent LB Hagler
INDIANAPOLIS — The Indianapolis Colts have re-signed linebacker Tyjuan Hagler, leaving the team with five unrestricted free agents.
Terms of the deal were not immediately disclosed.
Hagler spent his first four NFL seasons with the Colts, starting seven games in 2007 when he had career-highs in tackles (60), solo tackles (34) and sacks (one) and one forced fumble.
The Colts earlier signed linebacker Adam Seward, a five-year veteran who also was an unrestricted free agent.
Vick Moved To Prison In Atlanta
ATLANTA — Michael Vick was back in Atlanta, the city where he rose to NFL stardom, but as a prisoner rather than a player, an official said Friday.
Federal Bureau of Prisons spokeswoman Felicia Ponce said the suspended Atlanta Falcons quarterback was moved to a medium-security unit in southeast Atlanta from Virginia, where he had been held while attending a bankruptcy hearing last Friday.
Ponce declined to say if authorities plan to move Vick to another a penitentiary in Leavenworth, Kan., where he has served most of a 23-month sentence for bankrolling a dogfighting ring.
The 28-year-old is scheduled to transfer to home confinement, May 21 in Hampton, Va., and is set to be released from federal custody in July.
The move comes as the fallen NFL star is wrestling in bankruptcy court over what he has called his "exit strategy" — a plan to repay creditors with the millions he hopes to resume earning in professional football.
Bills' Whitner Shocked With Stun Gun, Arrested Melee
COLUMBUS, Ohio — Buffalo Bills defensive back Donte Whitner was shocked with a stun gun and arrested by officers trying to control a rowdy crowd outside a Cleveland nightclub early Saturday, police said.
Whitner was jailed for aggravated disorderly conduct and resisting arrest, Lt. Thomas Stacho said. The former Ohio State star was released later Saturday and hadn't been charged, police said. A prosecutor was to decide whether to file charges.
Police shocked and handcuffed Whitner, 23, outside the House of Blues after he forced his way past them and then broke free from officers trying to restrain him, Stacho said.
Officers heard reports that Miami Dolphins wide receiver Ted Ginn Jr. was having a birthday party at the downtown venue but couldn't confirm whether Whitner was attending, Stacho said. Whitner and Ginn were high school teammates and played for the Buckeyes.
It was unclear why Whitner tried to leave the club and head for the melee, though he told officers, "My cousin's out there, and they've got guns," according to a police report, Stacho said.
Whitner said he regrets the incident.
NFL Suspends Lynch For 3 Games
MARSHAWN LYNCH
ORCHARD PARK, NY — Bills running back Marshawn Lynch will miss the first three games of the regular season after being suspended without pay by the NFL for violating the league's personal conduct policy.
The NFL announced the suspension Thursday, a month after Lynch pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor gun charge in Washington. It was the player's second run-in with the law, following a hit-and-run accident in Buffalo in May.
The suspension means the Bills will be without the 2007 first-round draft pick for their prime-time season-opener at New England on Sept. 14. The rest of the Bills schedule has not been affected.
Lynch apologized for his actions and anticipated he'd be suspended after meeting with NFL commissioner Roger Goodell last month.
Jordan's Locker Up For Auction
CHICAGO — Michael Jordan fans will have a chance to buy one of his Chicago Bulls lockers along with other memorabilia in a charity auction next week.
The Bulls and Hunt Auctions are offering one of two lockers Jordan used at the team's practice facility in the 1990s during a fundraiser for the team's nonprofit charity organization April 18 at the National Italian American Sports Hall of Fame in Chicago.
Cameras, jerseys and autographed sneakers from Jordan will also be auctioned, along with memorabilia from Boston Celtics legends Bob Cousy and Larry Bird. Proceeds from the U.S. national team memorabilia will go to the National Italian American Sports Hall of Fame Fund.
Woman Pleads Not Guilty In Killing Of Ex-Bear's Girlfriend
SHAUN GAYLE
WAUKEGAN, Ill. — A woman pleaded not guilty Wednesday to fatally shooting the pregnant girlfriend of former Chicago Bears Pro-Bowl safety Shaun Gayle.
Marni Yang, 41, of Chicago, is charged with nine counts of first-degree murder and three counts of intentional homicide of an unborn child in the shooting death of Rhoni Reuter, who was seven months pregnant.
Reuter was shot seven times at her apartment in the Chicago suburb of Deerfield during a jealous rage in October 2007, Assistant State's Attorney Patricia Fix said.
Gayle has said he considered Yang a friend and the two never dated, but Fix said Yang was jealous of Reuter's relationship with Gayle.
Prosecutors have said Yang tried to cover her steps by ditching stolen license plates on the car driven to and from the crime scene and by disposing of the body in a bucket of wet cement. They also said she told a friend she planned to kill Reuter and later admitted to the shooting.
Defense attorney Jeffrey Lerner said Yang "was going to vigorously defend herself."
Gayle, a former Pro-Bowler and member of the Bears' 1985 Super Bowl-winning team, and several members of Reuter's family attended the hearing Wednesday but declined to speak to reporters.
Yang faces a life sentence if convicted of the murder charges. Intentional homicide of an unborn child carries a sentence of up to 60 years in prison, though prosecutors are seeking an additional 25 years to life in prison because a firearm was used.
Magics' Lewis Out With Knee Tendinitis
EAST RUTHERFORD, NJ — Forward Rashard Lewis was sitting out of the Orlando Magic's game against the New Jersey Nets on Saturday night because of tendinitis in his right knee.
With the Magic's chance of catching the Boston Celtics for the No. 2 seed in the Eastern Conference all but gone, coach Stan Van Gundy decided that he would give Lewis a rest Saturday night and again Monday against the Milwaukee Bucks.
Van Gundy said there is nothing structurally wrong with the knee but he wants to make sure Lewis, who had not missed a game all season, is healthy for the playoffs.
Lewis is averaging 17.7 points.
Van Gundy also said he planned to cut down the playing time for Dwight Howard and Hedo Turkoglu in the final three games of the regular season.
Leftwich Signs With Bucs
Veteran NFL quarterback Byron Leftwich has signed a two-year deal with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.
Leftwich, a former starter with the Jacksonville Jaguars, spent all of last season as the Pittsburgh Steelers' primary backup to starting quarterback Ben Roethlisberger. The Steelers offered Leftwich a two-year contract, but that he was looking for better opportunities elsewhere.
In Tampa, Leftwich will compete with Luke McCown, Brian Griese and Josh Johnson for a starting job.
Williams Batters Winky For Unanimous Decision
Paul Williams, left, threw more than twice as many punches as Winky Wright.
LAS VEGAS — If Paul Williams thought the world's top boxers were scared of him before, just wait until they see the holes he punched in Winky Wright's once-impenetrable defense.
Williams worked Wright like a heavy bag with hundreds of relentless blows, earning an emphatic victory by unanimous decision Saturday night in a meeting of two much-avoided middleweights.
In his first main-event bout in boxing's capital city, Williams (37-1, 27 KOs) pounded at Wright's famed defensive posture from the opening bell. The Augusta, Ga., native was simply masterfully breaking down the former champion in Wright's retreat from a 21-month ring absence.
Wright, who pushed to block Wright (15-1, 6-1) simply didn't have time to land enough scoring blows against his much taller, longer opponent. Williams barely appeared tired by the closing bell, chasing Wright around the ring up to the final seconds.
Serena To Miss Family Circle Cup With Leg Injury
Defending champion Serena Williams has withdrawn from the Family Circle Cup because of an injury to her left leg.
The world's No. 1 player announced in a statement Tuesday that she still plans to attend some tournament events.
Williams said she originally hurt her leg at the Sony Ericsson Open in Miami, where she lost to Victoria Azarenka earlier this month.
Venus and No. 3-ranked Elena Dementieva are among those slated to play in the tournament.
Qualifying play begins Saturday.
Former NBA Star Jailed In Florida
VERNON MAXELL
GAINESVILLE — Former NBA player and University of Florida standout Vernon Maxwell has been jailed in north Florida.
Alachua County authorities jailed Maxwell on Wednesday for violation of probation charges related to failing to pay child support, according to online jail records.
During his 13-year NBA career, Maxwell helped the Houston Rockets win NBA titles in 1994 and 1995.
Maxwell's attorney, Robert Rush, said child support payments were set when Maxwell was still a professional athlete and he can no longer meet the financial demands.
Rush called the matter a "sad and a recurring problem."
Feds End Dispute With Ex-NBA Star Kevin Johnson
MAYOR KEVIN JOHNSON
SACRAMENTO, CA — Federal prosecutors have reached a settlement with Sacramento, Calif., Mayor Kevin Johnson over mispending by a nonprofit corporation he started after retiring from the NBA in 2000.
Johnson's volunteer program, Hood Corps, received $807,000 from the federal AmeriCorps program between 2000 and 2002.
Federal investigators say some of the money was used to pay volunteers for political activities, run personal errands and wash Johnson's car.
Thursday's settlement should make the California capital eligible for millions of dollars in stimulus money and other federal grants. Johnson was barred from receiving federal money.
ROCKY
It's already evident that we're going to have a long, hot summer. So why not start cooling off now with this week's Beauty Unlimited feature, Rocky. Not only can she make you feel the summer breeze, she can step aside and allow you to be in the spotlight. Rocky enjoys being with her friends and has no problem socializing wherever she goes. In the future, she wants to be a model and a business owner. The man in Rocky's life must be strong, mature, handsome, financially secure, and respectful. Congratulations to Rocky as this week's Beauty Unlimited feature.
For More Information:
Contact THA's Assisted Housing Dept.
@ 813-253-0551, ext. 200
IF YOU ARE A PARTICIPANT OF OUR SECTION 8 PROGRAM OR A PUBLIC HOUSING RESIDENT, THIS NOTICE IS JUST FOR YOU!
The Tampa Housing Authority is sponsoring its' first Family Self-Sufficiency Informational Fair on Saturday, April 18th from 10a-3p@ Wilbert Davis Boys/Girls Club, 3515 Sarah Street, to assist with your personal growth and development. Information to be provided on:
• Employment, Education, Personal Finance (Actual job interviews and possible hiring will also be conducted)
• Homeownership, Job Searches, Career Advancement, Wellness
Vendors will be on hand to present brief workshops covering
The following topics:
• Interviewing Skills, Resume Writing, Financial Planning, The Lending Process
• Dressing for Success
Scheduled Workshops - Concurrent
10:30-11am and 1pm-1:30 pm
• Interviewing Skills
• Dressing for Success
11:30-12 and 2pm-2:30 pm
• Financial Literacy presented by Genesis Foundation
• Affordable Homeownership
Participating/Sponsoring include: Genesis Financial, Wells Fargo, Hi-Tech, Tampa Bay Workforce Alliance, The Center for Women, West Tampa Neighborhood Service Center, Employment Partners, Inc, Tampa Crossroads, THA- Human Resources and Assisted Housing Departments, Women to Women, THA Program and Property Services, MOSI, HART and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.
Snoop Dogg's Wife, Shante Is Not Dead, Manager Confirms
April 10th - Snoop's manager dismissed the report as "ridiculous."
An anonymous tipster called into the California Highway Patrol, which later posted the tip on the CHP Web site, saying that Snoop "has the dead body of his wife in his basement." The incident appeared as a "possible fatality" on the Web site.
The tipster called in at Thursday afternoon to report the "fatality," while Snoop was hosting a show on the Internet.
Snoop Dogg (real name: Cordozar Calvin Broadus Jr.), 37, married Shante Taylor Broadus, in June 1997; the two had been high school sweethearts.
Seven years into the marriage, Snoop filed for divorce, citing irreconcilable differences, but the couple reconciled and renewed their wedding vows in January 2008.
"I thought I was the man, and I was willing to give up what I had at home for that," Snoop said in 2007, "until I realized that what I had at home was irreplaceable. So I gave that up to go back home."
The pair have three children, Corde, Cordell and Cori. The entire family will appear are on the reality show, "Father Hood."
"Sometimes you lose focus because this Hollywood entertainment world can throw you off track," he said. "That's why you see me doing things like this television show and my own football league, and the positive things I do, because I'm back aware again."
50 Cent Denies He Offered Rick Ross $500,000 To Stop Beef
General spoke more on his feud with Rick Ross, 50 predicted that Ross' album Deeper Than Rap will flop, and that's when the Queens superstar will "have a field day on his ass" with more disses.
When asked about a vlog that Rick Ross recently put out saying an employee of 50 offered the Miami Bawse half a million dollars to stop throwing lyrical jabs at the G-Unit (Ross said he would accept the money to stop dissing 50, but not G-Unit's Lloyd Banks and Tony Yayo), 50 laughed it off.
Winfrey Defends Record Of Her South African School
'07 to groom children from deprived backgrounds for a brilliant career. A dorm matron is currently on trial accused of abuse and sexual assault.
She said she had also underestimated the extent of homophobia among girls at the school.
Last month, 4 students were expelled and 3 others suspended. South African media at the time said they were accused of trying to force students into relationships and to engage in sexual contact.
Winfrey hasn't given details of the misconduct. But she said in the newspaper interview that it was "insulting" that the family of one of the expelled girls had complained to the press even though she had been warned before about her behavior.
Doctor Who Operated On Kanye's Mom Loses License
his license to practice medicine in California after the state's Medical Board brought charges against him over two criminal convictions for DUI.
Adams admits "the truth of each and every allegation."
Adams may petition for reinstatement in three years, but in surrendering his license now, he acknowledges that the reasons for the disciplinary action "shall be deemed to be true and correct."
Memoriams/Card Of Thanks
HAPPY BIRTHDAY, MOM
ELMINA DENNIS
We, the family, miss you a lot. We still remember you with all the good you have done for us.
Rest in peace. Happy birthday. Love always.
IN MEMORIAM
MARY NELSON
Born: February 4
Reborn: April 14
Very, very missed. It's been two years, feels like a lifetime... Missed by family's, Cromartie, Brown and House.
CARD OF THANKS
BRANDYN DIXON
The family of Brandyn Dixon wishes to express our heartfelt appreciation to everyone for your cards, calls, flowers, visits, food and all other expressions of sympathy during our time of bereavement.
We want to especially thank: the Allen Temple AME Church family, the Dixon family, the House of Restoration Church, Elder Arthur Green; Ray Williams Funeral Home, Garden of Gethsemane Cemetery, Mary Lauritano, Armando Lauritano, Carol Culler and Andrea Richardson.
May God continue to shine on you as you have shined on us during this time.
The Coleman, Dixon and Bell families.
IN MEMORY OF BUFORD 'SUGARMAN' ALLEN
APRIL 2, 1952 - APRIL 5, 1982
Gone, but not forgotten. Sadly missed by: your parents, Ira L. Allen and Clara L. Allen; children: Walters, Brenda, Barbara and Bernita.
CARD OF THANKS
IRA L. SUTTON
We, the family of the late Ira L. Sutton would like to express our sincere thanks for the outpouring of love shown to our family during the passing of our loved one. Your prayers, telephone calls, cards, flowers, food and all other acts of kindness were of great comfort to us.
Special thanks to Rev. Latanya Floyd and Rev. Patricia Langston Cruse-Jackson from the entire church family at St. Luke AME and also Wilson Funeral Home staff.
Mom, we will miss you. We will miss our mother dearly. Please continue to keep us in your prayers.
The Sutton family.
Death Notices
AIKENS FUNERAL HOME
Mr. James Ferguson.
Mr. Arthur Jenkins, Sr.
Mr. Lester Smith.
HARMON FUNERAL HOME
Mrs. Dalia Alexander, Tampa.
Mr. Marcos Del Llano, Tampa.
Mr. Fred Gilbert, Tampa.
RAY WILLIAMS FUNERAL HOME
Ms. Karlany C. Echols, Tampa.
Mrs. Katherine Hardge, 2656 W. Walnut Street.
Mr. Issac Royal, 3410 E. Jean Street.
Wilson FUNERAL HOME
"Our Business is Service"
3000 N. 29th St., Tampa, FL 33605
(800) 605-3350 / (813) 248-6125
www.wilson-funeralhome.com
National
Missing Child Alert
DERRICK HERLONG, JR.
A Florida Missing Child Alert has been issued for Derrick Herlong, Jr., a Black male, 3 years old, 2'2" tall, weighing 29 pounds with black hair, and brown eyes. He was last seen in the area of Clipper Cove Lane in Kissimmee.
The child may be in the custody of Derrick Herlong, Sr., a Black male, 25 years old, 5'7" tall, weighing 150 pounds with black hair, and brown eyes.
Authorities believe the pair may be traveling in a red or maroon dark blue Chevrolet Malibu Florida Temporary Tag ADG6905.
Authorities ask that caution be used as the suspect may be armed.
If you have any information on the whereabouts of this child, please contact the Kissimmee Police Department at (407) 847-0176, or 9-1-1.
Suspect Identified In Denny's Shooting
DAYTONA BEACH — Police in Volusia County are searching for the gunmen who opened fire early Friday morning, outside of crowded Daytona Beach restaurant. Bullet holes could be clearly seen on the windows of the Denny's International Speedway Boulevard.
The shooter has been identified as 20-year-old Voldez Denoyer Scott Jr. Detectives obtained a warrant for his arrest.
Daytona Beach police say the shooting overnight stemmed from a party at a home, and then got out of control. The homeowner who hosted the party estimated at least 50 people were packed into the home.
"The party had gotten too big for the host to handle and between the police department and the host, the party was ended," said Jimmie Flynt of the Daytona Beach Police Department.
VOLDEZ DENOYER
"We didn't want it to be too crowded; we didn't want anything that wasn't safe," said the homeowner.
Things turned violent at the Denny's just a few blocks away. Police say a group of people from the party decided to get food there and someone else also invited from the party showed up at the restaurant, tapped the butt of a gun on the window and for some reason opened fire on the people inside.
The bullets did not penetrate through the glass and no one was injured.
Official: Obama Granted Use Of Appropriate Force To Rescue Captain Richard Phillips
WASHINGTON
President Obama granted two separate requests from the Defense Department to go forward with a military operation to rescue Captain Richard Phillips.
Obama granted the authority to use appropriate force with the focus on saving and protecting Phillips' life. The requests were made by the Pentagon Friday and Saturday. For technical reasons, authori-
ty was granted two different times, according to the official, because different U.S. forces moved in the region near the coast of Somalia.
Obama phoned Phillips on board the USS Boxer as well as Phillips' wife and family at their home in Vermont.
In a statement issued by the White House after Phillips had been successfully rescued, the president said his administration is "resolved to halt the rise of piracy in this region."
"To achieve that goal, we must continue to work with our partners to prevent future attacks, be prepared to interdict acts of piracy and ensure that those who commit acts of piracy are held accountable for their crimes."
Obama Girls Name Their New Puppy 'Bo'
Bo? It's no jest.
The first family has settled on a first pet -- a 6-month-old Portuguese water dog that the Obama girls are naming Bo.
The selection was one of the White House's most tightly kept secrets.
President Barack Obama's daughters 10-year-old Malia and 7-year-old Sasha, picked a black and white pup, a White House official speaking on the condition of anonymity.
Man Head-Butts Police Cruiser, Kicks Officer
ST. PETERSBURG — St. Petersburg Police have arrested a 35-year-old man Monday morning on a charge of pointing a BB gun at another man.
Police said Trevor Jerome Wellington made things worse when he vented his anger toward a police car and an officer.
According to reports, Wellington pointed a BB gun resembling a .25 caliber handgun at another man, and when officers arrested him, he began head-butting the window in the police cruiser. When the officer intervened, police said Wellington kicked the officer in the chest.
Wellington is being held in lieu of $20,000 bail on charges of aggravated assault with a deadly weapon and battery on a law enforcement officer.
Smash And Grab Suspects Being Sought
Tampa Police are asking for help in locating smash and grab burglars.
According to reports, at 5 a.m. Friday, four males, 20 to 25 years old, were in a vehicle that crashed into the storefront of Rent-A-Center, 2525 East Hillsborough Avenue.
After gaining entry into the business, police said all four suspects ransacked the store and took a large screen television, several notebook computers, and several Wii game systems. They all fled in the vehicle that was captured on store security video.
Pedestrian Hit By Van In Stable Condition
Tampa Police were called to 22nd Street and 14th avenue Friday morning to investigate a serious injury accident.
What police discovered was a vehicle had exited westbound I-4 onto East 14th Avenue when it struck Robert Denison, Denison, 36, was transported to Tampa General Hospital and is listed in stable condition.
The driver of the vehicle, Marquis Dixon, 22, has not been charged pending further investigation into the accident.
Man Tells Police He Killed His Wife
ST. PETERSBURG — St. Petersburg Police are investigating a homicide that occurred early Sunday morning.
Police said officers were standing in the rear parking lot of the station when Donald Lee Wilmore, 46, walked up to them and told them he had killed his wife.
The officers responded to Wilmore's apartment, 728 18th Avenue, South, and found Alma Joyce Pettee, 55, dead. Even though the couple weren't married, Wilmore referred to Pettee as his wife.
Police said Wilmore told investigators he came home Saturday morning and found an undressed man inside his apartment. The man ran out and Wilmore reportedly quarreled with Pettee about the incident.
Wilmore allegedly choked Pettee to death during the argument, police said. Afterward, he wandered around for an entire day before he decided to contact law enforcement, police said.
Police said Wilmore and Pettee have a history of domestic quarrels.
Wilmore, a registered sexual offender, has been charged with second-degree murder.
Four Students Killed In Accident
From left to right: Nathan Richardson, Keith MacCollom, Joseph Ruzecki, and LeShawn Smith.
Nathan Richardson, 15, was a freshman who was proud he made his school's baseball team. Keith MacCollom, 17, known as Keithie to friends, was a member of the junior varsity basketball team for two years and was varsity player this year. Joseph Ruzecki, 16, was known around school as a good kid who came to games to cheer his school to victory. He also loved talking about sports. LeShawn Smith, 16, was known for his love of basketball, and was close to his grandfather.
The four students, along with Corey Lepore, 17, checked the clock and realized it was around 11 p.m. and at their age, they weren't supposed to be driving after 11 without an adult.
All five got into a vehicle driven by Ruzecki and hurried to his house. Their plan was to drop off the car and walk back to MacCollom's house to finish playing the video game. They never got the chance.
The Florida Highway Patrol reports that the vehicle with the students was traveling west on 86th Avenue, North when it came up behind a vehicle driven by Richard Golth, 21.
As Golth's vehicle slowed to make a turn, the vehicle with the students tried to pass and the vehicles crashed. The vehicle with the students smashed into a tree and burst into flames.
Richardson, Ruzecki, MacCollom, and Smith were killed. Lepore, who was riding in the front seat, survived and is hospitalized.
IN THE CIRCUIT COURT
13TH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
IN AND FOR HILLSBOROUGH
COUNTY, FLORIDA
CIVIL DIVISION
Case No. 2009-4897
U.S. BANK NATIONAL
ASSOCIATION, as Trustee
for Terwin Mortgage
Trust 2004-21HE,
Asset-Backed Certificates
Series 2004-21HE
Plaintiff
vs.
ELBIS MARTINEZ and
JORGE FELIX GONZALEZ
and all unknown parties
claiming by, through, under and
against the above named
Defendant who are unknown to
be dead or alive whether said
unknowns are persons, heirs,
devisees, grantees, or other
claimants; UCC DIRECT
SERVICES; TENANT I /
UNKNOWN TENANT II; and
TENANT II / UNKNOWN
TENANT, in possession of the
subject real property,
Defendants
NOTICE OF ACTION
TO: ELBIS MARTINEZ
3011 West Ivy Street
Tampa, Florida 33607
JORGE FELIX GONZALEZ
3011 West Ivy Street
Tampa, Florida 33607.
YOU ARE NOTIFIED that
an action for foreclosure
has been filed against you
regarding the subject property
with a legal description to-wit:
LOT 19, BLOCK 28, JOHN
H. DREWS SUBDIVISION
OF NORTH-HAMPTON
ACCORDING TO THE PLAT
THEREOF RECORDED IN
PLAT BOOK 4, PAGE 73,
OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS
OF HILLSBOROUGH
COUNTY, FLORIDA.
and you are required to serve
a copy of your written defenses,
if any, on it on Gary L. Gassell,
Esquire, your attorney,
whose address is 2191
Ringling Boulevard, Sarasota,
Florida 34237.
[ ] within thirty (30) days from
the first date of publication
[X] on or before the 4th day of
May 2009.
and file the original with the
clerk of this court either before
service on Plaintiff's attorney
or immediately thereafter;
otherwise a default will be
entered against you for the
relief demanded in the
Complaint.
Dated this 26th day of
March 2009
PAT FRANK
CLERK OF THE COURT
SARA A. BROWN
DEPUTY CLERK
PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT
INVITATION TO BID
The SCHOOL BOARD OF HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, Florida,
seeks sealed bids from qualified bidders for Roof Replacement at
Chamberlain High School, located at 9401 North Boulevard, Tampa,
Florida 33612. The scope of this project includes re-roofing, skylight
replacement, and related work with an estimated construction cost
between $1,577,000 and $1,927,000;
Qualified firms can submit bids to the Hillsborough County Public
Schools (HCPS) Procurement Department on the 3rd Floor of the
Raymond O. Shelton School Administrative Center, 901 East
Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida 33602, until bid opening at
3:00 p.m. on Tuesday, April 21, 2009. The bid documents include
specific bid submittal requirements. HCPS maintains general
requirements applicable to all construction-related bids on the HCPS
web site at http://18.104.22.168/documents/standards/index.htm
HCPS will host a non-mandatory pre-bid conference on Monday,
April 13, 2009, at 3:00 pm at Chamberlain High School. Attendees
must sign in to gain access to the conference.
Bidders must submit a bid bond equal to 5% of the bid with their bid.
Bids over $100,000 must include the costs of required surety bonds.
The successful bidder must also provide evidence of required insur-
ance prior to proceeding with the work. The bid documents provide
specific requirements for bid and surety bonds, and insurance.
Bidders are subject to the HCPS Small Business Encouragement
Program, as described in the bid documents.
Bidder may obtain up to two (2) complete sets of bid documents in
PDF format on CD at no cost from Harvard Jolly Architects,
5201 West Kennedy Boulevard, Suite 515, Tampa, Florida 33609,
Phone: (813) 286-8206.
HCPS reserves the right to award the bid to the lowest and/or best
responsible bidder, to waive any informality or irregularity in any bid,
or to reject any and all bids received.
THE SCHOOL BOARD OF HILLSBOROUGH
COUNTY, FLORIDA
MARYELLEN ELIA
SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS
PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT
INVITATION TO BID
The SCHOOL BOARD OF HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, Florida,
seeks sealed bids from qualified bidders for Stadium and Bleacher
Improvements at Plant High School, located at 2415 South Himes
Avenue, Tampa, Florida 33629. The scope of this project includes
bleacher modifications, structural repairs, and re-roofing of the
stadium with an estimated construction cost between $208,000
and $312,000.
Qualified firms can submit bids to the Hillsborough County Public
Schools (HCPS) Procurement Department on the 3rd Floor of the
Raymond O. Shelton School Administrative Center, 901 East
Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, Florida 33602, until bid opening at
3:00 p.m. on Tuesday, April 21, 2009. The bid documents include
specific bid submittal requirements. HCPS maintains general
requirements applicable to all construction-related bids on the HCPS
web site at http://22.214.171.124/documents/standards/index.htm
HCPS will host a non-mandatory pre-bid conference on Wednesday,
April 15, 2009 at Plant High School. Attendees must sign in and present a photo ID to gain access to the conference.
Bidders must submit a bid bond equal to 5% of the bid with their bid.
Bids over $100,000 must include the costs of required surety bonds.
The successful bidder must also provide evidence of required insur-
ance prior to proceeding with the work. The bid documents provide specific requirements for bid and surety bonds, and insurance.
Bidders are subject to the HCPS Small Business Encouragement
Program, as described in the bid documents.
Bidder may obtain up to two (2) complete sets of bid documents in
PDF format on CD at no cost from Eric Gebo, Wilder Architecture,
Inc., 1517 East 7th Avenue, Suite C, Tampa, Florida 33605,
Phone: (813) 242-6677.
HCPS reserves the right to award the bid to the lowest and/or best
responsible bidder, to waive any informality or irregularity in any bid,
or to reject any and all bids received.
THE SCHOOL BOARD OF
HILLSBOROUGH COUNTY, FLORIDA
MARYELLEN ELIA
SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS
NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING
As a result of being unable to effectuate certified mail notice to violators of the City Code, notice is hereby given that a Tampa Municipal Code Enforcement Hearing Master has scheduled a public hearing on April 15, 2009 at 9:00 a.m. to hear the below listed cases which are in violation of the City of Tampa Code. Information listed below describes the case number, property owner(s), violation address, code section violated, and legal description of subject property in that order. The hearing will be held in City Council Chambers, 3rd Floor, City Hall, 316 E. Kennedy Blvd., Tampa, Florida. Affecting property owners will be given the opportunity to discuss the alleged violations. Should anyone have any questions regarding these cases, please call the Office of the City Clerk at (813) 274-7286.
Please note that if any person decides to appeal any decision made by the Code Enforcement Hearing Master with respect to any matter considered at the meeting or hearing, they will need to ensure a verbatim record of the proceedings is made, which record includes the testimony and evidence upon which the appeal is to be based.
CASE # 08-11966
TESTA, CYNTHIA A.
AND TESTA, JOHN
21276 N. WOODLAND ST.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-48, 19-49
AND 19-50
PARK CITY
N 165 FT OF LOT 3 BLOCK 8
116817.0000
CASE # 08-14528
NUJI, CHRIS
4210 W. SUMMING AVE.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-49, AND 19-50
ALTA VISTA TRACTS
E 80 FT OF N 148.5 FT
OF LOT 61
154033.0000
CASE # 08-15706
YOUNGWOOD, ANTHONY R.
422 E. HENRY AVE.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTION: 19-231
GEORGIA TERRACE
LOTS 49 AND 50 LESS W 50.00
FT OF POB TOGETHER WITH
THE FOLLOWING COMM AT PT 50
E OF SW COR OF SD LOT 50
THN 00 DEG 23 MIN 11 SEC W
13.9 FT TO POB LESS 8.99 FT
28.00 DEG 15 MIN 48.39 FT THN N
00 DEG 33 MIN 15 SEC W 38.66
FT THN S 89 DEG 28 MIN 15 SEC
E 6.99 FT THN S 00 DEG 23 MIN
11 SEC E 38.66 FT TO POB
153116.0000
CASE # 08-15821
RIVERA, NILMO E.
2818 N. MACONI ST., 1/2
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-233 AND 19-234
EAST TAMPA BLOCKS 1 TO 42
LOT 22 BLOCK 9 TOGETHER
WITH 5.5 FT OF VACATED
ALLEY ABUTTING
190498.0000
CASE # 08-20848
RIVERA, NILMO E.
2818 N. MACONI ST., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-48, 19-49, 19-50,
19-231, 19-232, 19-233
AND 19-234
EAST TAMPA BLOCKS 1 TO 42
LOT 22 BLOCK 9 TOGETHER
WITH 5.5 FT OF VACATED
ALLEY ABUTTING
190498.0000
CASE # 08-21788
OH, CHIN HEE
3309 W KENNEDY BLVD.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-47, 19-49, 19-236
AND 19-237
CASABLANCA
LOT 22 BLOCK 32
117176.0000
CASE # 08-23183
BARCENAS, YANCEY
BARCENAS, ALEX
BARCENAS, NEV
10703 N. 15TH ST., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-46, 19-49
AND 19-50
ELSEN MANOR SUBDIVISION
LOT 1 AND 8 BLOCK 12
141237.0000
CASE # 08-24033
MORRIS, JASON C.
SECTIONS: 19-49, 19-50, 19-231
19-233 AND 19-234
INTERBAY A REVISED PLAT
LOT 4 BLOCK C AND 1/2 CLOSED
ALLEY ABUTTING THEREON
135641.0100
CASE # 08-24334
ACQUAVIVA, STEPHEN A.
405 N. ALBANY AVE.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-45, 19-47, 19-50,
AND 19-231
CORRONELLA
S ½ OF LOTS 11 AND 12
BLOCK 2
183873.0000
CASE # 08-24391
ORTIZ, THOMAS
1509 W. NORTH A ST.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-47, AND 19-50
FULLER'S SUBDIVISION
LOT 1 AND 3 ½ OF ALLEY
ABUTTING THEREON BLOCK 6
168952.0000
CASE # 08-24420
FLOYD, KRISTIANA
BROWN, MELOSHIA T.
10118 N. 11TH ST., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-46 AND 19-50
CASTLE HEIGHTS MAP
LOTS 11, 12 AND 13 BLOCK X
144226.0000
CASE # 08-24584
NORTH A HYDE PARK
DEVELOPERS LLC
1910 W. NORTH A ST.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-46, 19-47,
19-50, 27-77, TABLE 4-1
AND 27-246
CORRONELLA
LOT 5 BLOCK 7
184070.0000
CASE # 08-24845
NORTH A HYDE PARK
DEVELOPERS LLC
1908 W. NORTH A ST., 1/2
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-46, 19-47, 19-49
AND 19-50
CRESCENT PARK
LOT 3 BLOCK 7
136842.0000
CASE # 08-27813
WILLIAMS, GARY C.
AND MARY
6806 S. DAUPHIN AVE.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTION: 19-50
CRESCENT PARK
LOT 4 BLOCK 7
184060.0000
CASE # 08-28234
BARTENFELD, LAURA A.
112 S. BAYLEY AVE., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-46, 19-48,
AND 19-234
GRAY GABLES
LOT 1 AND 3 ½ ALLEY
BETWEEN LOTS 20 AND 21
116148.0000
CASE # 08-28242
SCIONTI, MICHAEL D.
3421 W. GRAY CT., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-46, 19-47, 19-49
AND 19-50
ROSEDALE
LOT 16 BLOCK 1
115240.0000
CASE # 08-28540
RYAN, WILLIAM J.
RYAN, JUDITH
112 S. BAYLEY SHORE BLVD.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTION: 19-47
BAYHAVEN
LOT 26 LESS W 75 FT
136721.0000
CASE # 08-28985
CAPOTE FRANK AL
CAPOTE, DAVID A.
504 N. BRADFORD AVE.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-231
BARMAC
LOT 22 AND N 20 FT OF LOT 23
AND 1 ½ ALLEY ABUTTING
THEREON
168952.0000
CASE # 08-29073
ACKERMAN, BRIAN
4016 S. WEST SHORE BLVD.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-47, 19-49, 19-233,
19-234 AND 27-135
AVALON SUBDIVISION
LOT 43 BLOCK 10
1305624.0000
CASE # 08-29095
RODRIGUEZ, ERNE
RODRIGUEZ, MANUELLE C.
3409 E. 8TH AVE., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-26 AND 19-27
EAST BAY ADDITION
LOT 4 BLOCK 15
175587.0000
CASE # 08-29806
VERNON, MICHAEL G.
1830 W. ARCH ST., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 19-26, 19-49
AND 19-50
WESTHILLS REVISED MAP
E 33 1/2 FT OF LOT 8 BLOCK 6
178421.0000
CASE # 08-29824
KOEDEL, TINA AND
KOEDEL, GERALD T., JR.
2019 S. GRADY AVE., TAMPA, FL
SECTION: 19-50
ROSEDALE
N 70.16 FT OF LOTS 3 AND 4
BLOCK 4
115275.0000
CASE # 09-01582
MESIA, ABEL
3241 N. 17TH AVE., A/B
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 5-104.3, 5-108.4,
AND 5-105.1
POWELL'S ADDITION
E ½ OF LOT 9 AND LOT 10
BLOCK 1
175769.0000
CASE # 09-01576
ALVAREZ, ANDRES AND
ALVAREZ, KIMBERLY
6 SANDPIPER RD., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 5-104.3, 5-108.4,
AND 5-105.1
BAYSHORE ESTATES NO.4
LOT 25
114278.0000
CASE # 09-01579
GORDON, JASON R.
4412 W. NORTH B ST.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 5-104.3, 5-108.4,
AND 5-105.1
TOWNHOUSES OF NORTH B
STREET
LOT 4
112763.0608
CASE # 09-02957
ABOUZEID, LUSIA
3008 N. 13TH ST., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 5-104.3, 5-108.4,
AND 5-105.1
SOUDERS
LOT 3 BLOCK 4
186766.0000
CASE # 09-02958
MORGAN, JILL
ANNETTE LEE
MORRIS, N. SHARON L.
1185 E. BAYLEY AVE., TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 5-105.1 AND 5-108.4
HAMMER'S W E ROME
AVENUE ESTATES
W 35 FT OF S ½ OF LOT 63 AND
E 30 FT OF S ½ OF LOT 64
104521.0000
CASE # 09-02963
MACCARON, CHRIS L.
11417 N. 10TH VISTA AVE.,
TAMPA, FL
SECTION: 5-104.3
HAMMER'S MARJORY
B RENNAH
LOT 34 BLOCK 3
104405.0000
CASE # 09-02964
ADKINS, DONALD J., JR.
810 E. GREESESE ST., 1/2
TAMPA, FL
SECTIONS: 5-105.1 AND 5-108.4
MAXWELTON SUBDIVISION
CORRECTED PLAT
LOT 13 BLOCK 3
1165365.0000
IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT AND SECTION 286.26, FLORIDA STATUTES, PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES NEEDING SPECIAL ACCOMMODATION TO PARTICIPATE IN THIS MEETING SHOULD CONTACT THE CITY CLERK'S OFFICE AT LEAST FORTY-EIGHT (48) HOURS PRIOR TO THE DATE OF THE MEETING.
INTERESTED PARTIES MAY APPEAR AND BE HEARD AT SAID HEARING.
SHIRLEY FOXX-KNOWLES
CITY CLERK
HILLSBOROUGH TRANSIT AUTHORITY
RFP-109415
ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS
The Hillsborough Transit Authority (HART) will be accepting proposals on RFP-109415 - Alternative Analysis.
The Solicitation documents will be available for download from HART’s website at www.goHART.org after 11:00 AM, on Tuesday, April 14, 2009. The documents will be located under the Purchasing Section.
INVITATION TO BID
Sub bids requested from qualified DBE Subcontractors and/or suppliers.
Taxiway B Reconstruction and Bridge & North Terminal Stormwater Site Development and Related Work
Tampa, Florida
Bid Date: April 30, 2009
Letter OF Interest Due By: April 20, 2009
Sub bids due no later than April 27, 2009
Trades/Services Requested:
Hauling, Airfield Lighting, Electrical, Erosion Control, Clearing & Grubbing, Testing, Fencing, Directional Drill, Fuel Piping, Piggig, Survey, MSE Wall, Curbs & Walks, Sod, Asphalt, Geotechnical, Landscaping, Irrigation, Stripe & Signage, Maintenance of Traffic.
Kimmins Contracting Corp.
1501 2nd Avenue
Tampa, FL 33605
Contact Person: Tom Harrington
Email Address: firstname.lastname@example.org
Web Address: www.kimmins.com
License No. CGC061458
Equal Opportunity Employer
HOMES FOR SALE
6 Bedroom/5 Bath
Bank Foreclosure!
$55,000!
Only $445/Monthly!
5% Down -15 Years
At 8% APR
For Listings
800-366-9783
Ext H489
La Salle
3/2 Home For Sell
Recently Remodeled
Seller Will Assist With Closing Costs
Call V & V
Now At 813-259-4663
www.myfinancialconnections.com
Priced For Quick Sale
$74,000
Ybor City Historic District
3 Bedroom/1 Bath
Renovated Frame House
Carpet, Blinds
Ceiling Fans, A/C Unit
Shed, Enclosed Backyard
Front Porch And More
(813) 920-4836
Or (813)-404-5652
VETERANS SPECIAL
No Down Payment
Own A Two, Three, Four
Bedroom Home
Many Areas
Prices & Sizes
Free Pre-Qualifying
Walter Brewer
Real Estate Broker
766-2033
BUYING A HOME
Need Information Regarding
Down Payment Assistance,
Bank Owned Properties
Or Short Sales.
Call Ainsley Daux
Home Run
Real Estate Inc.
(813) 493-0912
THIS COULD BE YOUR ADVERTISEMENT
CONTACT LAVORA
@ (813) 248-1921
FOR DETAILS ON
PLACING YOUR LEGAL
OR CLASSIFIED
ADVERTISEMENT
PUBLICATION DEADLINES
Tuesday Edition - Friday @ 3:00 P.M.
Friday Edition - Tuesday @ 3:00 P.M.
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT RATE
$8.00 - 1-20 WORDS AND 50¢ FOR EACH
ADDITIONAL WORD OVER 20 THIS PRICE IS
EACH TIME YOU PUBLISH YOUR AD
FAX YOUR ADS 24/7 TO: (813) 248-9218
Or Email email@example.com
## HOMES FOR RENT
| Location | Description | Contact Information |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| 3905 E. Powhatan | 5 Bedrooms/2 Baths | Call Tyrone 1-800-890-7639 (718) 781-6934 |
| Seminole Heights | 3 Bedroom/ Bath CHA, Garage Washer/Dryer Hook-up Section 8 Accepted $1,000.00 Per Month | Call 813-326-6141 |
| MacDill & Spruce | 3 Bedroom/1 Bath Very Large Fenced Lot Two Utility Rooms Section 8 Only Available May 1st 2009 | (813) 240-8108 |
| HUD Homes! | 3 Bedroom/2 Bath $199.00/Monthly 4 Bedroom Only $215.00/Monthly 5% Down 15 years @ 8% Listings 1-800-366-9783 Extension 5649 | |
| Ybor City Historic District | 3 Bedroom/1 Bath Renovated Frame House Carpet, Blinds Ceiling Fans, A/C Unit Shed, Enclosed Backyard Front Porch And More $875.00/Monthly + 1 Month Security Deposit Section 8 Welcome | (813) 920-4836 Or (813) 404-5652 |
| Near I-4/Hard Rock Casino | 2 Bedroom/1 Bath Home Carport, Well Kept Central A/C W/D $700.00/Monthly | InTown RE (813) 765-5368 |
| Progress Village | 85th & Progress Blvd. Large 4/1.5 Section 8 Welcome Clean And Ready $925.00/Monthly Plus Deposit Free Applications | Call (813) 232-3835 |
| Huge 2 Family Tampa Heights Home | 5 -6 Bedrooms/4.5 Bath 2 Car Garage + In-Law Apartment Clean Modern, Nice Extras $1,800.00/Monthly Firm | InTown RE (813) 765-5368 |
| Progress Village | 3 Bedroom/1 Bath New Central A/C New Kitchen, Bath Granite Counters, Tile Roof, Bamboo Flooring, Lease Option Available!! Section 8 Ok!! | Call For More Details (877)730-7653 Ext. 181 |
## SECTION 8 RENTALS
| Location | Description | Contact Information |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| 2 Bedroom/2 Bath And 3 Bedroom/2 Bath Homes | Call Today (813) 833-1674 | $205/Monthly! 4 Bedroom/3 Bath Foreclosures! 5% Down 15 Years @ 8% APR |
| 1401 Murillo Loop Ruskin | 3 Bedroom/1 Bath Central Heat/Air Washer/Dryer Hook-up Large Corner Lot | Call Bernard (813) 895-0175 |
| Section 8 Busch Gardens Area | 3 Bedrooms/1 Bath CHA, Washer/Dryer Dining/Living Room Patio, Fenced New Appliances, Tile Cabinets & Appliances | (813) 340-2127 |
| Section 8 Rental Progress Village | 8315 Allamanda Avenue 3 Bedroom/1Bath A/C, Fenced, Carport Washer/Dryer Hook-up Available April 09 $650.00/Deposit $850.00/Monthly | Call Ed (727) 542-7283 |
| Ybor City | 3 Bedroom/1 Bath Home CHA, WDH Privacy Fence $950.00/Monthly Plus Deposit Section 8 Welcome | Call (813) 504-1645 (813) 985-4758 |
## APTS. FOR RENT
### Ybor City
| Location | Description | Contact Information |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| 3 / 1 Home For Rent | $500.00 Security Section 8 Welcomed Free Phone, Cable And Internet | Call V & V Now For More Information 813- 259-4663 www.myfinancialconnections.com |
### First Month FREE $125.00 Move In
| Location | Description | Contact Information |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| 2106 W. Beach St. #A | Alarm System Central A/C, WDH $625.00/Monthly | (813) 238-6353 |
### Historic District Tampa Heights
| Location | Description | Contact Information |
|---------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------|
| Cozy 2 Bedrooms/1 Bath With Study | 307 East Frances Avenue Apartment #A Remodeled Inside And Outside $800.00/Monthly $600.00/Deposit Section 8 Welcome | Call Us At (813) 54-8783 For An Appointment |
## GET NOTICED... Place Your Ad In The Business Directory
Contact LaVora @ (813) 248-1921 For Special Rate Information
---
**Sell your stuff.**
813-248-1921
The Florida Sentinel Bulletin
## APTS. FOR RENT
| Location | Description | Price | Deposit | Contact |
|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|---------------|--------------------------|
| 415 E. Forest Ave. | One Or 2 Bedroom, Burglar Bars, CHA, WDH | $550.00 To $650.00 | Plus Deposit | (813) 391-7046 |
| 402 W. Amelia Ave. | | | | |
| 3 Bedrooms/1Bath Apartments | $800.00/Monthly $400.00/Deposit | | | Call 493-0912 |
| Sligh Avenue/22nd Street | 2 Bedrooms/2 Baths $670.00/Monthly W/D Hookup, A/C New Tile/Carpet Very Spacious | | | Call (813) 298-2499 |
| Ybor City | 2/2 Apartment - $850.00 With Washer/Dryer Updated, Very Nice Section 8 Welcome | | | Jacob Real Estate, Brkr. (813) 258-3200 |
| Cinnamon Cove Apartments | 12401 N. 15th Street Starting At $425.00 On-Site Laundry And Convenient To Everything | | | Call (813) 971-5254 |
| New Port Richey Southgate Senior Apartments, 62+ | 1 Bedroom/$435.00 Minimum Income Required $1,500.00 Adjacent To Southgate Shopping Center | | | (727) 847-1110 |
## DUPLEXES
| Location | Description | Price | Deposit | Contact |
|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|---------------|--------------------------|
| West Tampa | 2 Bedrooms/1 Bath Duplex CHA, Utility Room, WDH, $725.00 Monthly $350.00 Deposit | | | 2104 Palmetto Street #A (813) 223-5214 |
| Nice Area Section 8 Only | 3 Bedrooms/1 Bath CHA, WDH Receive $100.00 Cash With Signed Lease 0 Deposit | | | (813) 789-3879 |
| Section 8 Rentals | 2 Bedroom Duplex Washer/Dryer Fenced Yard $825.00 Monthly Includes Water | | | Call (813) 956-5607 |
| Temple Terrace Area Duplex | 2 Bedrooms/1 Bath Fenced Yard, CHA Washer & Dryer Included $685.00/Monthly Plus Deposit | | | 813-412-5597 |
| Tampa Heights New 4-Plex | 3 Bedrooms/1 Bath Central Heat & Air Extremely Nice $1,050.00/Pent Section 8 Accepted | | | (813) 477-7734 |
| Ybor City Area | Rooms For Rent 2 Bathrooms Large Kitchen Patio/Parking Available $75.00 - $100.00/Weekly Deposit Negotiable | | | Call 813-770-0375 |
## ROOMS FOR RENT
| Location | Description | Price | Deposit | Contact |
|---------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|----------------|---------------|--------------------------|
| Room For Rent | $100.00 Per Week No Deposit | | | Call (813) 506-2303 |
| Seminole Heights And Nebraska/Sligh Area | Rooms For Rent Close To Bus Lines $125.00/Weekly Includes Utilities Clean And Furnished | | | (813) 784-0508 |
| Fixed Income Room Special | 1010 E. 22nd Avenue $350.00/Month Includes All Utilities Washer And Dryer On Premises | | | R. B. (813) 770-2025 |
---
**LEGAL ADVERTISEMENTS**
**EMPLOYMENT**
**HOMES FOR SALE/RENT**
**APARTMENTS ........ DUPLEXES**
**ROOMS FOR RENT**
**BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES**
**LEASE OPTIONS ETC.**
**ADVERTISE IT IN THE FLORIDA SENTINEL BULLETIN**
---
**FOR ALL YOUR LEGAL OR CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING NEEDS CALL LaVORA**
@ (813) 248-1921
Email: firstname.lastname@example.org
## ROOMS FOR RENT
**Ybor City Area**
- Very Clean Rooms For Rent
- With Private Entrance
- Senior Citizen Discount
- Call (813) 244-7388
**West Tampa**
- South Of I-275
- Near Armenia
- Furnished
- $100.00 - $125.00/Weekly
- Includes All Utilities
- Cable & Personal Fridge
- Call (813) 545-8074
**Furnished Rooms Or Efficiencies For Rent**
- $550.00-$650.00/Monthly
- Plus Deposit
- Includes: Water, Lights
- Cable, Internet
- Washer And Dryer
- Call (813) 785-1030
**Under New Management**
- Gann & Gann Rentals
- Room For Rent
- One Person Only
- Phone Charles
- (813) 229-8696
- (813) 373-2515
- (813) 373-2514
- 806 E. Floribraska
- Tampa, FL
**2709 17th Street North**
- Large Room
- $125.00/Weekly
- $500.00/Monthly
- Small Room
- $115.00/Weekly
- $470.00/Monthly
- Cable And A/C
- Call 813-431-1310
**Busch Gardens Area**
- Plant City
- Fair Grounds
- CHA, WD, Cable
- All Utilities Paid
- Next To Bus Lines
- Quiet Neighborhood
- $140.00/Weekly
- Private Entrance
- (813) 478-1286
**3634 Northbay Street**
- Nice Rooms For Rent
- All Utilities And Cable Included
- Call (813) 217-2462
**West Tampa**
- Rooms For Rent
- Newly Remodeled
- Full Kitchen, Furnished
- $80.00-$100.00
- Weekly + Deposit
- Call (813) 477-7734
**East Osborne Ave. Area**
- Ideal For Fixed Income
- Furnished, Clean, Private
- Utilities, A/C, WD
- Security System
- $125.00/Weekly
- Call (813) 789-3574
**Tampa Heights**
- 2 Bedrooms/1 Bath
- Large Rooms
- WDH/A/C
- $600.00/Monthly
- Water Included
- + Deposit
- Call (813) 224-9040
**Room For Rent**
- Hillsborough & Himes
- A/C, Cable, Phone
- Queen Beds
- Kitchen, Ceiling Fans
- $85.00 Deposit
- $110.00 And Up Weekly
- 813-598-4262
## AUCTION
**I Buy Or Will Consign To Auction**
- Old Coins, Gold Or Costume Jewelry
- FL Lic # AB43-AU141
- Rob Hennessee
- (813) 626-2341
## CARPET CARE
**C.C.'s Carpet Cleaning**
- 1 - 3 Rooms
- ONLY - $24.95
- No Hidden - CHARGES!
- Call (813) 325-4330
## ELECTRICAL
**Residential And Commercial Complete Electrical Service**
- Breaker Panels And Receptacles, Lights, Outlets
- Service Upgrades
- Call Rufus Electric Contracting
- (813) 348-6148
- Lic #ER13013733
## FORECLOSURE
**DON'T LET THOSE OTHER GUYS STEAL YOUR HOUSE!**
- We Buy Foreclosure Homes Cash In 3 Days.
- See Our Ad In The Florida Sentinel.
- www.rehabberssuperstore.com
- 813.675.7040
## CRUISES
**MAKE YOUR NEXT VACATION OR FAMILY CELEBRATION A CRUISE**
- CALL JANICE FOR GREAT RATES !!!!!
- 813-985-8939
- www.customcruisesandtours.com
## AUTOMOBILES
**$500! Police Impounds!**
- Hondas, Chevys, Acuras
- Toyotas, Etc. From $500!
- For Listings
- Call 800-366-9813
- Ext 3695
**$0 Down!**
- Cars From $29.00/Monthly!
- 36 Months @ 8.5% APR
- Police Impounds
- For Listings
- Call 800-366-9813
- Ext K456
**2007 Dodge Ram**
- Truck - 1500
- 4 Door, Gray
- Approximately 27,000 Miles
- Take Over Pavments
- @ $647.00/Monthly
- Call (813) 899-0955
- (813) 380-0625
## DNA
**DNA Paternity Testing**
- Legal or personal testing available. Results in just 3 DAYS. No Collection Fees in Tampa. NO BLOOD! Payment options available.
- http://dnatestingsolutions.com
- DNA Testing Solutions
- 11972 N. Florida Avenue
- (813) 915-0000
## BEDS FOR SALE
| Beds | Price |
|----------|---------|
| Twin | $75.00 |
| Full | $60.00 |
| Queen | $75.00 |
| King | $110.00 & Up |
| Bunk Beds| $150.00 |
Call (813) 310-0991
## BURGLAR BARS
**Free Estimates**
- Doors, Windows, Rails
- A/C Cages, Gates
- General Welding And Repairs
- For More Information
- Call Carl
- (813) 485-3172
## INSURANCE
**Auto Insurance Plus**
- 3503 E. Hillsborough Ave.
- Low Down Payment!
- Speak With A Licensed Agent To Get Instant Coverage
- Get Licensed Reinstated As Low As $119.00
- Tag Or Sticker As Low As $34.99
- We Also Offer SR22 And FR44 And Title Service
- Monday - Friday
- 10:00 A.M. - 5:30 P.M.
- For More Information Call
- (813) 234-6325
- (813) 310-8608
## CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENT RATE
$8.00 - 1-20 WORDS AND 50¢ FOR EACH ADDITIONAL WORD OVER 20
THIS PRICE IS EACH TIME YOU PUBLISH YOUR AD
## PUBLICATION DEADLINES
Tuesday Edition ...... Friday @ 3:00 P.M.
Friday Edition ....... Tuesday @ 3:00 P.M.
DON'T LET THOSE OTHER GUYS STEAL YOUR HOUSE!
We Buy Foreclosure Homes Cash In 3 Days.
See Our Ad In The Florida Sentinel.
www.rehabbersuperstore.com
813.675.7040
We Pay "TOP" $CASH$ Up to $1,500.00
For Junk Cars, Trucks Vans And Motorcycles Running Or Not
We Pick Up Any Junk Metal/Appliances For FREE!
7 Days A Week
(813) 695-2438
Short Man In A Truck
Will Pick Up Appliances, Vehicles And Scrap Metal FREE!!!
(813) 479-8576
Roach Problem?
We Rid Your Home Of Roaches And They Stay Gone!
(813) 224-0948
Refer A Friend To Receive A Discount
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1. The Book of Philippians—An Introduction
It's All In Your Head A message by Pastor Phil Ballmaier (3-12-23)
Find this weeks' sermon audio and video message HERE.
Last week we finished our study in the Gospel of John. It was a verse-by-verse study—which is the standard style of teaching we do here at Calvary Chapel.
This morning, I'd like to start a new study, in a new book—but I'd like to do it differently than any other study I've ever done here at Calvary. Instead of going verse-by-verse—I'd like to do a topical study through an entire book of the New Testament.
Every book in the New Testament has a theme—which is especially true with the epistles.
I prayed about this and thought it might be beneficial to build a series of messages around the main theme of the epistle to the Philippians—which is joy. But when you realize that Paul wrote this letter while he was a prisoner in Rome—it gives us a deeper appreciation for the theme.
It's easy to be joyful when you're in the midst of blessings—but when you find yourself joyful in the midst of adversity and suffering—well, that's something else entirely.
There has never been a time, in my life, when Christians need to be encouraged and uplifted as they do right now in our nation's history—and part of that is by being reminded that joy is the birthright of the children of God!
A depressed Christian is an oxymoron (like jumbo shrimp). Hopelessness and depression come from the devil— whereas hope and joy come from knowing our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ!
Before we get into this incredible epistle—let me give you a little background.
The epistle to the Philippians is one of four epistles that Paul wrote from prison in Rome—where he spent two years waiting to stand before Caesar to present his case. (Explain)
While he was there, he wrote Ephesians, Colossians and Philemon probably all around the same time (early in A.D. 60)—while it appears that he wrote Philippians later, near the end of 61 A.D.
And so, Paul wrote Philippians while waiting to stand trial—a trial that could very well have ended in his execution—and yet the theme of this epistle is joy in the Lord.
And the reason Philippians is called the epistle of joy is because Paul uses the word 'joy' and 'rejoice' 16 times in these four chapters.
Which begs the question—
'How was it that Paul could have so much joy while in such a terrible place with his very life on the line?'
Well, Paul had a secret—a secret he had learned (and honed) over his years as a Christian. A secret he shares with the Philippian Christians (and us)—as we will see in this epistle.
I'll give you a 'heads-up' (no pun intended)—it has to do with your mind (not in a weird metaphysical kind of sense)—it has to do with what you allow to dominate your thinking. Very simply, Paul's secret was that he learned to fill his mind with Jesus.
We see this clearly in the first chapter alone where Paul uses "Christ" or "Jesus Christ" 17 times—which figures out to more than once every two verses!
So even though Paul talks about joy quite a bit in this epistle—he talks about Jesus more! In so doing, he reveals to us that the secret of joy in the life of a child of God is to have our minds focused on Jesus Christ.
Jesus was the reason Paul had so much joy in the midst of his difficult circumstances—and Jesus is the secret to us having joy in our circumstances as well—no matter how difficult they can sometimes be!
One author rightly pointed out—
"How much Christians need to learn this. There is so much bickering in Christian circles, so much complaining, so much unhappiness. This was never meant to be. Christians were meant to be filled with love and joy and peace—in short, with all the virtues that are the result of the life of Christ within the Christian…To be filled with Christ is the secret of real Christian living. It is the secret of true joy."
So, once again, the secret of having joy in the Christian life (along with all the other spiritual virtues God wants for us)—starts in the mind, with the way you think.
But that really shouldn't surprise us because everything in the Christian life starts in the mind.
You might be thinking—"What does that mean?" Well, the first place the gospel takes up residence—is in the mind. After the gospel is presented to a person—it 'lodges' in their mind where it is 'chewed on' (mulled over)— where the person evaluates the validity of what they've just heard, or in the case of a gospel tract—read.
At some point, the gospel message is either believed or rejected. If it is believed in the mind—it is then brought into the heart where it is made a part of that person's core-convictions.
[x] Understand, 'core-convictions' are not just beliefs—they are passionate beliefs that change a person's life.
Convictions they are willing to die for (not just Christians but others are also willing to die for what they believe in like: Muslims and Communists etc.).
Let me put it this way—the mind is the 'narthex' you might say—the entryway leading into the heart.
Many churches (especially older churches) were built with a narthex ('a small inside porch or patio') that you entered from the street—and then from there you entered into the sanctuary of the church.
The mind is like a narthex that is entered into through 2 primary entry-points—the eyes and the ears. However, I'll warn you that there are other ways for spirit beings to enter the mind—through things like hallucinogenic drugs like LSD.
But then there are metaphysical portals into the mind like: T.M. (transcendental meditation), visualization, Ouija Boards, Tarot Cards, and contemplative prayer—just to name a few.
For many, just like a person receives the gospel into their mind and then into their heart where it becomes a passionate belief—there are many people today doing the same thing with the occult and other demonic belief systems.
Let me stop and say this—you may never have thought about this, but the mind is ground zero for spiritual warfare.
God wants to get a hold of a person's thinking to first of all— save them, and then, secondly, to sanctify them.
The devil wants to control their thinking to keep them away from God and living in sin—to ultimately destroy them (forever in hell).
Paul the Apostle had something important to say on this subject that we really need to understand:
Ephesians 4:17 (NKJV)
17 This I say, therefore, and testify in the Lord, that you should no longer walk [live] as the rest of the Gentiles [unbelievers] walk, in the futility of their mind.
Here Paul is admonishing believers to stop living the old life of sin like unbelievers who do so because of the "futility of their mind"—and to start living new lives of holiness and purity for God.
The phrase "futility of their mind" means the "empty-headedness of worldly thinking". The Bible teaches that the power to live a changed life comes from the Holy Spirit working through a changed (clean) heart.
But David prayed, "Create in me a clean heart—O God" because he knew he couldn't create a clean heart within himself.
We don't have the power to change our hearts—but we do have the power to change our minds—it's called 'repentance.' The word "repent" in the Greek literally means—"to have a change of mind".
[x] If I stop thinking that certain behaviors that God condemns in His Word are okay to do—in other words if I stop justifying sinful activities and bad habits.
[x] If I change my mind about the way I'm living, and I cry out to God for His help and strength—if I change my mind through repentance, God will change my heart through the new birth—and a changed heart always leads to a changed life!
Paul is telling us here in Ephesians 4 that the main difference between Christians and non-Christians (yes one has the Holy Spirit and the other does not—that's the main difference)—but in addition to that, the main difference between Christians and non-Christians is in the way they—think.
Once a person repents (has a change of mind) and receives Jesus as their Savior they become a new creation (2 Corinthians 5:17)—and instantly receive a new nature—in other words—a new heart!
But we still have the 'old heart' (the old fallen nature we inherited from Adam) within us (Galatians 5:16-17).
Now, which of these two 'hearts' (the old nature or new nature) will control our lives depends on how we think—even as Solomon said, "As a man thinks within himself (here the mind is in view)—so is he!" (Proverbs 23:7)
And that is why we are commanded as Christians to stop thinking like the world and to start thinking like the redeemed children of God we now are—in Christ!
Romans 12:2 (NKJV)
2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind…
Romans 12:2 (NLT)
2 Don't copy the behavior and customs of this world, but let God transform you into a new person by changing the way you think…
Ephesians 4:21-23 (NLT)
21 Since you have heard about Jesus and have learned the truth that comes from him, 22 throw off your old sinful nature and your former way of life, which is corrupted by lust and deception. 23 Instead, let the Spirit renew your thoughts and attitudes.
The main way our thoughts are renewed or changed as Christians—is by: listening to, reading, studying, and meditating on the God's Word:
Psalms 119:9, 11 (NKJV)
11 Your word I have hidden in my heart, That I might not sin against You!
9 How can a young man cleanse his way? By taking heed according to Your word...
God's Word teaches us that godly living always flows from godly thinking—which is only possible by the renewing of your mind through the Word of God. I am absolutely convinced that the reason so many Christians are living worldly lives (and in the process have no joy and peace)—is because they're still thinking worldly thoughts!
Their minds are still conformed to this world's way of thinking because they have not allowed them to be transformed by the renewing that comes from God's Word. That doesn't mean that carnal Christians aren't reading the Word of God or going to Bible study at all (although I doubt many of them are).
It simply means that the teaching of God's Word is not being allowed to go from their head to their heart where it becomes a part of their core-convictions and therefore living and powerful in its ability to radically transform their life!
As a Christian, when you go to Bible study and hear the Word of God taught—it enters your mind that's true— but then you should immediately internalize that teaching and make it a part of the core values of your heart.
That simply means—you fully intend to live out what you learn because it's God's Word and you reverence it!
You see, when you internalize God's Word—when you hide it in your heart with the intent of living it out in your life—the truth of God's Word energized by the power of the Holy Spirit will give you victory over the sinful attitudes and thinking of this fallen world that you come in contact with on a daily basis.
We have an expression—"Taking it to heart" which refers to this very thing.
James 1:21-22 (NLT)
21 So get rid of all the filth and evil in your lives, and humbly accept the word God has planted in your hearts, for it has the power to save your souls. 22 But don't just listen to God's word. You must do what it says. Otherwise, you are only fooling yourselves.
Now this is all very important to us as Christians because—most spiritual warfare takes place in the mind for control of your thinking.
Satan wants to control your thinking because—if he can control the way you think, he can control the way you live. So, the devil wants to flood your mind with images and messages that will destroy your relationship with God by keeping you brain-washed in his way of thinking—which James tells us is 'earthly, sensual and demonic' (James 3:15).
Now, if he's successful (which means if you allow it)—it will manifest itself in a love for the things of the world more than in a love for the things of God (which becomes a kind of 'litmus test' to see how much you are allowing the devil to control your thinking—what do you love more, God or the world?).
If you find yourself loving the world and the things of the world more than God (how do you know—ask yourself what is controlling and consuming your life—i.e., 'what gets you up in the morning and out the door—what is your passion in life—your career, your business, making money—or loving and serving God?)
If you determine that the love of the world is consuming you more than a love for God—it means you have become more of an instrument of Satan than of God in this fallen world—and Satan has won (at least for now) the battle for control of your life.
1 John 2:15-16 (NLT)
15 Do not love this world nor the things it offers you, for when you love the world, you do not have the love of the Father in you. 16 For the world offers only a craving for physical pleasure, a craving for everything we see, and pride in our achievements and possessions. These are not from the Father, but are from this world.
That's why it is imperative that we as Christians constantly be on guard as to what enters our minds.
If you stay away from the more obvious ways the devil will try to pollute your mind (internet pornography, Facebook romances, Tiktok videos, TV etc.)—then the most dangerous junk never gets into your mind in the first place!
However, the internet isn't the only way Satan corrupts people's minds.
There are many public grade schools, high schools, colleges, and universities that teach ungodly ideologies like naturalism (the foundation of evolution), socialism, communism, pro-LGBTQ doctrines—and now things like Equity, Critical Race Theory, and gender fluidity (you are whatever gender you want to be at any given moment).
But we also see this indoctrination of the devil coming from the movie industry, the music industry and many other avenues and venues that are promoting everything from sexual immorality to occultism to witchcraft, to eastern mysticism etc.
But it's more than that—godly living is not just the absence of what's bad—but it's also of the presence of what's goodPhilippians 4:8 (NLT)
8 And now, dear brothers and sisters, one final thing. Fix your thoughts on what is true, and honorable, and right, and pure, and lovely, and admirable. Think about things that are excellent and worthy of praise.
Colossians 3:16 (NKJV)
16 Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly [in your mind and heart] in all wisdom, teaching and admonishing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing with grace in your hearts to the Lord.
You see, as you fill your mind with God's Word you begin to think like God thinks—which means you stop thinking like the world thinks.
The result? A renewed mind and a transformed life!
Even as Jesus said, "Cleanse the inside of the cup and it will overflow and cleanse the outside also."
But if you come to church and hear the Word of God taught but you basically let it go 'in one ear and out the other' without any real desire to obey it—then it will do you no good.
The Word of God, although living and powerful (Hebrews 4:12), will be rendered lifeless and powerless to change your life—because you are not really serious about doing all that it says—
Matthew 4:4 (NKJV)
4 But He answered and said, "It is written, 'Man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds from the mouth of God.' "
So let me return to and restate what I said at the beginning of this message—the secret of having joy—starts in the mind, with the way you think.
Everything in the Christian life starts with the way you think about God's Word and your willingness to feed on it every day and hide it in your heart— then and only then will it transform your life!
We are living in very dark and demonic times—where the devil is trying to capture people's thinking like never before—especially young people who are the most open to new ideas and teachings.
This headline and article appeared in print and in online news sources:
"Dozens of girls hospitalized with 'anxiety' after playing with Ouija boards"
The girls reportedly suffered signs of fainting, anxiety and other symptoms and were admitted to a hospital accompanied by parents and school faculty. Info on their diagnoses has not been released.
"Twenty-eight schoolgirls were hospitalized with anxiety attacks after allegedly playing with Ouija boards at their school in Galeras, Colombia.
Ouija boards, created in the U.S. in 1886, are often referred to as 'spirit' or 'talking boards.' They are believed to be a way for the living to communicate with the dead."
People that get caught up in things like witchcraft, the occult, the New Age and other metaphysical practices are not our enemies. They are searching for truth but have been taken captive by the devil to do his will2 Timothy 2:23–26 (NKJV)
23 But avoid foolish and ignorant disputes, knowing that they generate strife. 24 And a servant of the Lord must not quarrel but be gentle to all, able to teach, patient, 25 in humility correcting those who are in opposition, if God perhaps will grant them repentance, so that they may know the truth, 26 and that they may come to their senses and escape the snare of the devil, having been taken captive by him to do his will.
But praise God that He is more powerful than the devil, that light is more powerful than darkness—that God's truth is always more powerful than Satan's lies!
God's Word is, and always has been, the only thing that can set people free from the power of the devil and give them a new life in Christ!
LISTEN/WATCH: 6-minute video—Jenny Weaver, former witch who now worships Jesus.
************
If you would like to know more about what it means to be a Jesus-follower— please, reach out to us. It would be our greatest privilege to lead you into a saving relationship with Jesus Christ.
Reach out to us here.
Want to know more? Click here. | <urn:uuid:dd225593-9347-4ba1-bd31-c21c2a55f8f9> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 18,022 |
Segmented saw blade, carbide, 2.2 mm, Saw blade ⌀: 75mm
| Order number | 077865 75 |
|---|---|
| GTIN | 4014586389493 |
| Item class | 03G |
Description
Suitable for:
All FEIN multi-tools and all other popular multi-tools on the market.
Technical description | <urn:uuid:70e2ce7f-538b-4e01-a6fc-39948fec77ae> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 263 |
Wie gestresst ist Deutschland?
Freeletics Studie zeigt: Jeder Fünfte Deutsche fühlt sich an 15 oder mehr Tagen im Monat gestresst
München, 24. Mai 2018 - Immer auf Abrufbereitschaft, umgeben von ellenlangen To-DoListen und hunderten ungelesenen E-Mails. Dinge, die uns tagtäglich stressen, und das, laut einer aktuellen bundesweiten Studie des Fitness-Startups Freeletics, gehörig. Die Studie deckt auf, wie häufig wir uns gestresst fühlen, welche Coping-Strategien wir bei dem Gefühl von Überlastung anwenden und welche Möglichkeiten es gibt, um Stress abzubauen.
Wie gestresst ist Deutschland?
Nach eigener Einschätzung fühlt sich knapp über ein Drittel (34%) der 1024 befragten 18-50jährigen Deutschen an 11 oder mehr Tagen eines Monats gestresst; bei circa jedem Fünften (21%) sind es sogar 15 oder mehr Tage. Hochgerechnet sind das über 6 Monate Stress im Jahr.
Doch wie reagieren wir, wenn wir uns gestresst fühlen? 63% der Befragten bestätigen, sich in stressigen Zeiten ungesünder zu ernähren und weniger Sport zu treiben. Darüber hinaus scheint unser Sozialleben unter Stress zu leiden: Über die Hälfte der Studienteilnehmer gibt an, sich am liebsten zu verkriechen und nach einem stressigen Tag nur noch ins Bett fallen zu wollen.
Fühlen wir uns dauerhaft gestresst, steigt gleichzeitig das Risiko für Burn-Out oder Depressionen. „Chronischer Stress ist ungesund, weil er dem Körper permanent signalisiert, dass er in 'Alarmbereitschaft' sein muss. Dieser Zustand kostet extrem viel Energie und erhöht die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass wir 'ausbrennen', beziehungsweise krank werden. Stress ist wie ein Feuer, das in uns lodert: Wir können es sinnvoll nutzen, um besondere Leistungen zu bringen. Wenn wir diese Energie aber nicht lenken und kontrollieren, kann der Stress uns 'die Bude abfackeln.'", so Jacob Drachenberg, studierter Psychologe und Trainer für gesunde Stressbewältigung.
Stressabbau
Wie kann man den negativen Auswirkungen vorbeugen und Stress verringern? Laut Studie eignet sich hierfür Sport. Durch Bewegung kriegen die meisten Befragten den Kopf frei, können besser abschalten und tun gleichzeitig ihrem Körper etwas Gutes. 64% der Studienteilnehmer fühlen sich nach einem Workout entspannt und ausgeglichen; lediglich 1% ist nach einer Trainingseinheit noch immer gestresst. Wer nur unregelmäßig Sport treibt, empfindet seinen Alltag eher als stressig, als eine sportlich aktive Person.
Für Freeletics Training Experte, John-Francis Kennedy, sind diese Zusammenhänge nicht überraschend: „Jegliche Form von körperlicher Aktivität hilft beim Abbau von Stress und
PRESSEMITTEILUNG
Frustration. Durch einen erhöhten Ausstoß von Hormonen, Dopamin, Serotonin und Endorphinen werden Glücksgefühle in uns ausgelöst. Diese führen anschließend zum Abbau des Stresshormons Cortisol." Jacob Drachenberg – selbst ehemaliger Wasserball-Profi und U21 Nationalspieler - fügt hinzu: „Die ursprüngliche Funktion einer Stress-Reaktion ist 'Kämpfen oder Flüchten', also Bewegung anstelle kognitiver Arbeit vorm PC. Deshalb ist Stressabbau durch Sport heute so elementar: Der Körper setzt Stresshormone sinnvoll ein, baut damit Druck ab und nach dem Sport folgt die wichtige Entspannungsphase - eine perfekte Kombination."
HIIT gegen Stress
Egal für welchen Sport man sich entscheidet, Bewegung hilft um das Gefühl von Stress loszuwerden. Gerade für besonders vollgepackte Tage eignet sich sogenanntes HIIT (High Intensity Interval Training) perfekt. Wenn man viel um die Ohren hat, lassen sich ausgiebige Sporteinheiten oft nicht mehr im Terminkalender integrieren. HIIT, auf welchem unter anderem das Konzept von Freeletics basiert, ist ein extrem effektives Trainingskonzept. Die Workouts bestehen aus kurzen und intensiven Intervall-Einheiten nur mit dem eigenen Körpergewicht - dabei zählt primär wie man trainiert und nicht wie lange. Durch eine Mischung aus Belastungs- und Erholungsphasen werden mit HIIT auch bei kurzer Trainingszeit gewünschte Resultate erzielt.
Studien aus Kanada belegen dieselbe Verbesserung von Ausdauer und Muskelapparat bei drei kurzen HIIT-Workouts, wie bei drei 60-minütigen Cardio-Einheiten pro Woche. Auch der Kalorienverbrauch ist vergleichbar. „Eine HIIT-Gruppe absolvierte drei Mal pro Woche ein 30-sekündiges HIIT-Training gefolgt von vier Minuten aktiver Pause mit insgesamt vier bis sechs Wiederholungen. Im Vergleich machte eine weitere Gruppe drei Mal wöchentlich 90-120 Minuten traditionelles Ausdauertraining. Das Ergebnis: Bei 6-9 Minuten intensiven Trainings wurde der gleiche Effekt hinsichtlich Kondition und Muskelapparat erzielt wie bei mehr als eineinhalb Stunden Ausdauertraining." so Kennedy.
Abschließend lässt sich sagen: Wer regelmäßig Sport treibt, hält sich sowohl körperlich als auch mental gesund und kann Stress aktiv entgegenwirken. Wir selbst sind dafür verantwortlich auf uns zu achten. "Wir sollten für unsere Bedürfnisse beziehungsweise für unsere benötigte Erholung eintreten und gut für uns sorgen. 'Self-Care' ist gerade in stressigen Phasen sehr wichtig und das Fundament für Lebensfreude sowie körperliche und mentale Gesundheit.", so Drachenberg. Mehr Bewegung bedeutet demnach ein entspannteres und gleichzeitig glücklicheres Leben.
-ENDE-
Quellen
Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance, 2006
Jacob Drachenberg, Trainer für gesunde Stressbewältigung: https://www.drachenberg.de/
PRESSEMITTEILUNG
Die Freeletics Bodyweight, Running, Gym and Nutrition Apps können kostenlos im App Store und Google Play Store heruntergeladen werden. Für weitere Informationen besuchen Sie www.press.freeletics.com.
Über Freeletics
Freeletics verfolgt seit seiner Gründung ein Ziel: Allen Menschen in der Welt dazu zu verhelfen, ihr volles körperliches und mentales Potential zu entfalten und die beste Version ihrer selbst zu werden. Freeletics fördert und steigert die körperliche Fitness sowie mentale Stärke, Willenskraft und Selbstbewusstsein. Dies alles sind wichtige Instrumente, um das Leben so gestalten zu können, dass es den eigenen Wünschen und Zielen entspricht. Das Unternehmen wurde im Juni 2013 gegründet und hat schon jetzt mit mehr als 25 Millionen Usern in über 160 Ländern eine der weltweit erfolgreichsten Fitnessbewegungen kreiert.
Freeletics Social Media Kanäle
Instagram: www.instagram.com/freeletics
Facebook: www.facebook.com/freeletics
YouTube: www.youtube.com/freeletics
Kontakt
Ellie Hughes Senior PR Manager E-Mail: email@example.com Tel: +49 (0) 162 164 5036 Lothstraße 5 80335 München Deutschland | <urn:uuid:db080bc0-fa50-414e-ad9a-27da81c08e72> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/deu_Latn/train | finepdfs | deu_Latn | 6,622 |
Æblechips
Er hele haven fuld af nedfaldsæbler, så er det på tide at få dem brugt til en lækker snack.
Ingredienser: Æbler Kanel-sukker
1. Vask æblerne og skær dem i helt tynde skiver - evt. på et mandolinjern (pas på fingrene).
2. Fordel dem enkeltvis på en bageplade beklædt med bage papir. Drys dem med lidt kanelsukker (kan undlades eller drysses på når æblerne kommer ud af ovnen).
3. Bag/tør æblechipsene ved 110 grader i en-to timer. Bagetiden kan variere alt efter, hvor tynde skiverne er og hvor mange plader der er i ovnen af gangen.
Chipsene kan bruges i salater, som pynt på kager eller som sprød topping på boller i karry.
Chipsene kan laves når I varmer aftensmaden. Lad dem stå i eftervarmen, så er der lune og sprøde snacks til aftenskaffen.
Velbekomme
Hasselbagte æbler
Hasselbagt er noget de fleste forbinder med kartofler, men når du har prøvet denne dessert er det slut.
Ingredienser:
2 spsk. havregryn
2 æbler
2½ spsk. smør (smeltet)
1 tsk. hvedemel
4 spsk. sukker eller farin
1 tsk. kanel (æblets bedste ven) nip salt
1. Skræl æblet og del det i to hal- ve. Fjern kernehuset og rids æblet fint - pas på ikke at skære helt igennem.
2. Placer æblerne i et smurt fad.
3. Mix 1 spsk. sukker, ½ tsk. kanel og 1 spsk. smeltet smør og fordel det over æblerne. Læg stanniol over og bag æblerne v/200 grader i ca. 20 min.
4. Bland resten af ingredienserne. Mel, havregryn, smør, sukker, salt og kanel og fordel det over æblerne og bag dem til toppingen er gylden og sprød.
Server de lune æbler med is, flødeskum eller vanilje-ymercreme.
Velbekomme | <urn:uuid:2a7dd375-c5ce-4ce4-94d6-bad804254721> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/dan_Latn/train | finepdfs | dan_Latn | 1,577 |
Un disegno per Piedicastello / 2
Venerdì 6 maggio - ore 20.30 Piedicastello, Sala riunioni di via Verruca
Il 19 febbraio Italia Nostra e il Comitato per Piedicastello hanno invitato cittadini, progettisti, pianificatori e amanti della città a produrre "un disegno che predisponga il terreno".
disporre le attività e organizzare i bisogni – forse imprevedibili – che emergeranno. Ora è tempo di mostrare le proposte pervenute, per capire cosa esprimono, cosa propongono, in che modo possono aiutarci a delineare scenari futuri, a scegliere in che modo procedere.
L'incontro è promosso da Italia Nostra
Cioè uno schema per ordinare questa importante parte della nostra città. Non solo per le esigenze di oggi – che già variano di giorno in giorno – ma anche per quelle future: un disegno per tracciare i segni permanenti all'interno dei quali
Partecipano:
Presidente di Italia Nostra sezione trentina Assessore all'urbanistica del Comune di Trento Vicepresidente dell'Ordine degli architetti
Moderatore
Beppo Toffolon Paolo Biasioli Alessandro Franceschini
William Belli | <urn:uuid:4c856a96-c0a9-4d9f-80a3-8d70a26ba0b2> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 1,078 |
Vous venez de trouver une règle mise en ligne par des collectionneurs qui partagent leur passion et leur collection de jeux de société sur Internet depuis 1998.
Imaginez que vous puissiez accéder, jour et nuit, à cette collection, que vous puissiez ouvrir et utiliser tous ces jeux.
Ce rêve est devenu réalité !
Chantal et François ont créé l’Escale à jeux en 2013. Depuis l’été 2022, Isabelle et Raphaël leur ont succédé. Ils vous accueillent à Sologny (Bourgogne du sud), au cœur du Val Lamartinien, entre Mâcon et Cluny, à une heure de Chalon-sur-Saône ou de Lyon, une heure et demi de Roanne ou Dijon, deux heures de Genève, Grenoble ou Annecy et quatre heures de Paris (deux heures en TGV).
L’Escale à jeux est un ludogîte, réunissant un meublé de tourisme modulable de 2 à 15 personnes et une ludothèque de plus de 9000 jeux de société. Au total, 320 m² pour jouer, ripailler et dormir.
escaleajeux.fr
09 72 30 41 42
06 24 69 12 99
firstname.lastname@example.org
En jouant à Wordsmith, vous créez des lettres puis des mots à partir de quatre morceaux de lettres. Après avoir créé quelques lettres, vous deviendrez expert en jeu de morceaux de lettres !
**But du jeu**
À partir d’un ensemble identique de morceaux de lettres, les joueurs s’affrontent en trois manches, essayant pour chaque manche d’être le premier à trouver six mots. Les mots plus longs rapportent plus de points. Le joueur avec le plus de points après la troisième manche remporte la partie.
**Construire lettres et mots**
Dans ce jeu, vous construisez des lettres et des mots. Toutes les lettres de l’alphabet peuvent être construites à partir de simplement quatre morceaux de lettres différents.
**Construire une lettre**
Utilisez l’abécédaire sur les côtés de la boîte pour vous guider.
- Il n’y a qu’une seule façon de composer chaque lettre !
- Les mêmes morceaux permettent de construire plusieurs lettres.
**Remarque :** les apostrophes et traits d’union comptent comme une lettre.
**Construire un mot**
1. Prenez ces 8 morceaux pour former votre réserve.
2. Assemblez quelques morceaux pour construire SAC.
3. Mélangez à nouveau les morceaux pour construire le mot CLIP.
4. Trouverez-vous d’autres mots avec les mêmes morceaux de lettres ? Ce n’est pas un piège, il y en a plusieurs autres.
**Mots autorisés**
- Pour être valide, les lettres du mot doivent respecter la construction indiquée sur l’abécédaire.
- Pour être valide, un mot doit comporter au moins une lettre. Vous ne pouvez pas composer un nouveau mot simplement en modifiant l’ordre des lettres d’un mot précédent, par exemple TROP si vous avez construit PORT précédemment.
- Les mots doivent se trouver dans le dictionnaire. Sont interdits les noms propres (ERNEST, CITROËN, LIMA), les abréviations, les mots d’argot et étrangers (sauf s’ils sont dans le dictionnaire).
- Pour être valides, les mots doivent être épelés correctement.
**Vous voulez essayer ?**
Prenez ces 8 morceaux
Essayez de composer le plus de mots en moins de 2 minutes
DÉROULEMENT DU JEU
(Pour 2 à 4 joueurs)
Wordsmith se joue en 3 manches de 6 mots.
Préparation
Placez la boîte ouverte au centre de la table.
Chaque joueur reçoit une feuille de marque et un crayon.
Morceaux communs
Un joueur lance 2 fois de suite les quatre dés dans le compartiment central du plateau de la boîte. Après chaque lancer, tous les joueurs prennent un morceau de lettre de la couleur du dé. Chaque joueur commence avec les mêmes 8 morceaux de lettres dans sa zone de jeu. Puis, chaque joueur prend un dé.
Objectif : Créer 6 mots
Tous les joueurs créent simultanément un mot après l’autre jusqu’à ce qu’un joueur crée son sixième mot. Vous pouvez utiliser toutes les lettres que vous construisez dans votre zone de jeu. Si vous ne parvenez pas à découvrir un mot avec les morceaux de votre zone, vous pouvez ajouter des morceaux de lettre en procédant comme suit :
Ajouter de nouveaux morceaux
Vous pouvez obtenir un nouveau morceau à tout moment venant d’un des compartiments du plateau, en lançant votre dé et en prenant le morceau désigné par le dé. Le nouveau morceau est ajouté à votre zone de jeu.
Si vous obtenez un joker (étoile bleue ou verte), vous pouvez choisir n’importe lequel des 4 morceaux.
Remarque : Si le dé désigne un morceau dont le compartiment est actuellement vide, vous pouvez choisir n’importe quel morceau à la
Morceaux inutilisés
Il se peut que certains morceaux de votre zone de jeu ne soient pas utilisé pour construire votre mot. Ces morceaux seront défaussés par la suite, si le mot est validé.
Revendiquer un mot
Quand vous trouvez un mot, revendiquez-le !
Vous devez d’abord arranger les morceaux et les lettres dans votre zone de jeu pour que les adversaires puissent vérifier le mot.
Annonce et objections
Pour revendiquer un mot :
1. Annoncez votre mot.
2. Épelez-le à haute voix.
3. Attendez les objections.
✓ S’il n’y a aucune objection, revendiquez le mot et inscrivez-le sur votre feuille de score ?
Objections valables
- Le mot n’est pas autorisé.
- Le mot a déjà été revendiqué au cours de la manche.
Remarque : pour un jeu plus silencieux où les objections sont reportées en fin de manche, essayez Secret Wordsmith à la page suivante.
Écrire et défausser
1. Écrivez le mot trouvé sur la première ligne libre de la manche cours.
2. Cochez une case de défausse pour chaque morceau inutilisé.
3. Remettez les morceaux inutilisés dans les cases de la boîte de jeu.
Après quoi, recommencez à chercher un nouveau mot avec les morceaux de votre zone de jeu, en tirant le dé pour en ajouter si nécessaire.
Cases à cocher de défausse
Il n’y a que 12 cases de défausse.
6 cases gratuites de défausse | 6 × 1 point de bonus si la case n’est pas cochée | Total bonus
Après avoir défaussé 12 morceaux de lettres, vous devez utiliser toutes les pièces de votre zone pour créer un mot. Vous pouvez toujours ajouter des morceaux de lettre, mais vous devez tous les utiliser.
À la fin de chaque manche, vous obtenez 1 point bonus pour chaque case de défausse bleue non cochée.
Fin de la manche
Le premier joueur qui construit son sixième mot annonce « Terminé ! »
Dès cet instant, tous les autres joueurs sont autorisés à construire et à revendiquer 1 dernier mot, mais sans ajouter de nouvelles lettres. La défausse reste autorisée comme d’habitude.
Remarque : dans les rares cas où aucun joueur ne peut trouver un autre mot, la manche se termine également.
Score
1. Chaque joueur écrit le nombre de lettres de chaque mot revendiqué dans la colonne de droite.
2. Comptez toutes les cases bleues non cochées et notez vos points de bonus à droite.
3. Notez le total des points dans la case jaune en bas.
Avant de commencer la prochaine manche, remettez tous les morceaux de lettre dans leurs cases de la boîte.
Fin de la partie
Le jeu se termine après 3 manches.
Les joueurs additionnent leurs totaux pour les manches sur la dernière cases en bas à droite de leurs feuilles.
Le joueur avec le plus de points gagne. En cas d’ex æquo, les joueurs à égalité se partagent la victoire.
HANDICAP
Lorsque vous jouez avec des groupes hétérogènes (enfants et adultes, débutants et joueurs confirmés, etc.), cochez jusqu’à 6 cases de défausse libres sur les feuilles des joueurs avancés au début de chaque manche.
JEU EN FRANÇAIS
Les mots autorisés sont les mêmes que dans le jeu de lettres de référence. Les verbes conjugués, les féminins et les pluriels sont autorisés. Les mots sont construits sans tenir compte des accents. Les mots avec apostrophe, très peu nombreux en langue française (aujourd’hui, presqu’île, …), sont aussi autorisés et l’apostrophe compte comme une lettre.
**Variantes**
**Secret Wordsmith**
Chaque joueur construit ses mots en silence. Ignorez les règles relatives aux annonces, à l’orthographe et aux objections. Pour marquer la manche, les joueurs passent leurs feuilles de score au joueur à leur gauche. Les joueurs vérifient que tous les mots sont valides, comptabilisent le score, puis repassent la feuille. Les mots invalides marquent zéro.
*Remarque : Les mots identiques sont autorisés sur plusieurs feuilles.*
**Jeu expert**
Faites un mot de 6 lettres ou choisissez 6 lettres au hasard. Tous les joueurs écrivent ces six lettres dans la colonne à gauche de la manche en cours. Chaque manche commence avec 6 lettres différentes.
Tout mot revendiqué doit comporter la lettre requise de sa rangée. Vous pouvez écrire un mot sur n’importe quelle ligne, vous n’avez pas besoin d’aller de haut en bas.
Lorsque vous criez et épelez votre mot, vous prononcez à haute voix la lettre requise que vous utilisez.
Dans le jeu expert, une nouvelle objection est possible : « ne contient pas la lettre imposée »
**Jeu mot à mot (pour 1 à 4 joueurs)**
Les joueurs revendiquent et marquent les mots ligne après ligne. Après avoir revendiqué un mot, un joueur attend que tout le monde construise un mot sur la même ligne. En mode solo, passez au mot suivant.
*Morceaux communs*
Un des joueurs lance deux fois les quatre dés et tous les joueurs prennent dans leur zone les 8 morceaux correspondants.
*Ajouter de nouveaux morceaux*
Pour chaque mot, y compris le premier, un joueur commence par lancer 3 dés (relancez si seuls des jokers sont tirés). Tous les joueurs ajoutent les morceaux rouges et jaunes à leur zone. Pour chaque joker (étoile bleue ou verte), dessinez un petit cercle dans la première colonne de la ligne du mot à trouver. Les joueurs prennent un morceau de leur choix pour chaque joker lorsqu’ils en ont besoin, puis cochent un cercle. Aucun autre lancer de dé n’est autorisé.
*Revendiquer un mot*
Lorsque vous revendiquez un mot, vous devez également cocher les cases de défausse pour les cercles non cochés. Défaussez comme d’habitude. Une fois que tous les joueurs ont revendiqué un mot, un joueur lance à nouveau 3 dés pour commencer le mot suivant.
*Fin de la manche et de la partie*
La manche se termine lorsque tous les joueurs ont réclamé six mots. La notation suit les règles normales. Les joueurs jouent 3 manches ou moins comme ils le souhaitent. Le ou les joueurs avec le plus de points gagnent.
Si vous jouez en solo : essayez de vous améliorer à chaque manche !
**Variantes Escale à jeux**
Gloire aux mots les plus longs !
Les mots de plus de 3 lettres sont bonifiés. Chaque lettre à partir de la quatrième compte 2 points. Un mot de 4 lettres rapporte donc 5 points, un mot de 5 lettres 7 points, de 6 lettres 9 points, etc.
*Ne tirez pas sur les racines !*
Il est interdit, au cours d’une manche, de construire un mot de même racine qu’un mot déjà revendiqué. Si par exemple, un joueur a construit le mot PAIR, il est interdit de construire les mots PARITÉ ou APPARIÉ.
*Le mot le plus long*
Si, à la fin d’une manche, un joueur a construit un mot plus long que tous les autres mots de la manche, il marque un bonus de 3 points.
Toutes ces variantes peuvent être jouées séparément ou en même temps. | 12aad7cf-9b90-42b2-a9b1-bbf136fb5a78 | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fra_Latn/train | finepdfs | fra_Latn | 10,947 |
2014-2015 Program Report Card: Mom's Clinic, A SBHC at Hamden High (operated by Quinnipiack Valley Health District) (Grade 9-12)
Quality of Life Result: All Connecticut children will grow up in a stable environment, safe, healthy and ready to succeed. Contribution to the Result: School Based Health Centers provide healthcare access for school aged students, so that they are healthy and ready to learn.
Partners: Parents, Students, CASBHC, DPH, DMHAS, The Rotary Club of Hamden, Board of Education, School Administrators and Faculty.
How Much Did We Do?
Improve access to and utilization of primary and preventive care.
and 171 users of services. The major factor responsible for this trend was due to the resignation of the APRN in August 2014. Without this position covered for the full week for the entire school year (36 school weeks), fewer students were seen for medical issues. Furthermore, active recruitment of new enrollees was tabled due to the inability to provide the promised services. Over the course of the school year, three candidates for the APRN position were offered the position, however it was declined. A new APRN has been hired to begin in September 2015 to be on site 24 hours per school week.
School Year
Story behind the baseline: Three hundred and twelve (312) students were enrolled in Mom's Clinic for school year 2014-2015. Of these 312 students; 74 (24%) were newly enrolled this year. 101 (32%) of the enrolled students had at least one visit to the SBHC. Total clinical visits equaled 563. 273 visits by 91 students were for medical services and 290 visits by 27 students were for mental health services (17 students used both medical and mental health services). In addition, there were 119 case management interventions that were not billable. Examples include consultations with other agencies or services, such as Nurturing Families, pharmacies, or the Department of Social Services (DSS.)
The number of enrollees and users of services was significantly lower than the previous school year (2013-2014), when there were 375 students enrolled
For the students who did utilize Mom's Clinic services, 212 (68%) were minorities and 140 (45%) had public insurance. Additionally, 17% did not have any health insurance coverage. Therefore, Mom's Clinic tends to be serving those with the greatest need.
Over the course of the 2014-2015 school year, 39 physical exams were performed. This exam included a mental health screener to help identify students in need of mental health services. Body Mass Index (BMIs) were measured for 39 students who had a physical exam and 4 at-risk students were identified and offered nutritional counseling. Students with asthma or with asthma noted in their records (N=4) had their Asthma Action Plan reviewed and updated. 397 students received an educational session on tobacco products and their health effects. All of these services contribute to the wellbeing of the adolescent.
▼
Trend:
Reduce the occurrence of preventable disease
Story behind the baseline:
Immunization services are a vital component of preventive health care delivered at the SBHC. Mom's Clinic did not only provide state-mandated vaccines but promoted non-mandated vaccines: Hepatitis A, Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) and flu. All students currently without health insurance or those who have HUSKY were offered all three nonmandated vaccines. All students enrolled in Mom's Clinic, regardless of insurance status were offered the flu vaccine. Every student who used SBHC services was educated on cold and flu prevention.
Overall, 117 immunizations were given during the 2014-2015 school year: 18 Hepatitis A, 21 HPV, 19 flu, and 59 for all other vaccines. The SBHC promoted the HPV vaccine to both boys and girls. Posters promoting hand washing as a primary means of decreasing the spread of germs were displayed. All three non-mandated vaccines required parental permission. Routine immunizations were provided as indicated by the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) immunization schedule for adolescents. Several students (17) arriving from other countries were immunized for school entry.
2014-2015 Program Report Card: Mom's Clinic, A SBHC at Hamden High (operated by Quinnipiack Valley Health District) (Grade 9-12)
Trend: ▲ Is Anyone Better Off? Reduce the occurrence of STDs among students.
The SBHC should be able to meet the health needs of the students who use these services. While an overall rating of 88% for this statement is an improvement over last year's results, a target of 90% is set for next school year (2015-2016).
Proposed Actions to Turn the Curve:
* Increase marketing and promotion of SBHC services to families and within the school to increase enrollment and utilization numbers.
Access and Utilization:
* Increase APRN hours to increase access to SBHC services from 11 hours per week to 24 hours per week.
* Provide education on prevention of STD's to all sexually active students using Mom's Clinic services.
Story behind the baseline: All students making a visit to the APRN were assessed for their sexual activity status. All sexually active students were educated and counseled about Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs). In 2014-2015, 42 students who made a visit to the SBHC were identified as sexually active. Of the 42 students, 17 (40%) were tested for STDs. Of those 17, 4 (24%) tested positive for chlamydia.
Although all sexually active students are counseled about the health effects of unprotected sexual activity, not all students embrace the education and may opt to not return for testing. The APRN will continue to provide education to all students and offer testing to those identified as sexually active. In addition, the APRN will work with 10 th grade health teachers to provide education to those not enrolled in the SBHC. Through a school-wide committee, on which the APRN and coordinator have a seat, the issue of access to certain services (example: condoms) is being examined to see what actions could improve practices to promote health. Trend: ◄►
STD Prevention:
* Increase the number of STD tests for all sexually active students.
Reduce the Occurrence of Preventable Disease:
* Offer baseline testing for HIV to all students seeking care.
* Promote and provide flu vaccinations to all students who are enrolled in the SBHC.
* Provide education on preventing acute illness such as colds and flu to all students who are enrolled in the SBHC.
* Promote and provide all routine and non-routine vaccinations to students who are enrolled in the SBHC.
Data Development Agenda:
* QVHD staff will continue to work with DPH on how to export eClinicalWorks reports relevant to operations and quality assurance.
* QVHD staff will continue to learn how to effectively use the electronic health record software program currently in operation (eClinicalWorks) in order to produce reports relevant to operations and quality assurance.
Story behind the baseline: Measuring the impact of the services delivered at the SBHC must go beyond numbers. It is a given fact that providing immunizations will prevent disease. It is also an established fact that a physical exam can identify potential health issues. What is harder to link to good health is for students to recognize that their behaviors affect their health status. A goal for Mom's Clinic is to help students to identify their role in their well-being and how their actions can impact their lifelong health.
One method for assessing health outcomes was to administer a Student Satisfaction Survey. Thirty three (33) students completed the survey that included questions on medical and mental health services. A sample of questions asked of students is presented in the chart. Overall, the students felt that the services at the SBHC met their health needs. About half of those surveyed saw improvements in their grades and attendance, specifically as a result of using the SBHC. There were even greater strides made with those using mental health services than those utilizing medical services. This is likely due to the frequency of visits on the part of those making visits to SBHC social worker. The percentages from the 2014-2015 survey are higher than the responses from the previous year survey which is satisfying and demonstrates that the SBHC has an impact on success in school.
Sixty four percent (64%) of all surveyed students felt that they have learned that their actions can affect their health. While this is encouraging, it is desirable that a greater percentage would connect their behavior and their health status. | <urn:uuid:59f92aad-5da6-4eb2-b340-b40f46256055> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 8,616 |
ACTIVE CLOUD
Active Cloud is a smartphone application that has been designed to be deployed on Active Track (Pty) Ltd's newly launched Cloud Track device.
Active Cloud has the same functionality as the Active Track device, but runs off a smartphone which unleashes the power of a PDA and enables an interactive experience complementing the ever-growing product offering of Active Track (Pty) Ltd.
The Active Track device has proven to be the reliable workhorse of the guard monitoring industry. It is virtually indestructible and the GPS-enabled, RFID device has survived under the most difficult working conditions in the African guarding industry. The trade-off to having the rugged reliability is not having an LED display screen, which in turn limits the interactive experience a PDA or smartphone offers.
Active Track (Pty) Ltd's challenge was to find a solution that would complement the Active Track device in the field by using the same RFID infrastructure on site, reporting to the same database but giving the more qualified user access to the power of a PDA. To be able to offer the Active Track rental model with no capital expenditure to our customers, Active Track (Pty) Ltd has sourced a unique ruggedized IP68 smartphone fitted with a dual sim, Honeywell 2D barcode scanner, biometric reader, 8MP camera, artificial intelligence software, RFID reader and GPS & GSM functionality.
The Cloud Track device empowers the customer to use the Active Cloud application together with the traditional Active Track device as an integrated, improved guard monitoring solution. The RFID reader allows for the same patrols to be conducted with both devices and with the monitoring of alarms to be conducted from a single monitoring platform. The use of data messaging further enhances the company's offering, having created a real-time bi-directional managing solution through the use of Telegram. With the Cloud Track device, Active Track (Pty) Ltd can now offer the user a variety of modules on a single device in addition to the enhanced guard monitoring application.
Advantages of Cloud Track include:
* Randomized patrol points selected by the programme
* The ability to request the security officer to perform certain tasks and have photos taken of vulnerable areas
* Leaving voice notes for quick and easy reporting
* Generating incident reports in real-time while at the location of an accident.
* Updating the patrol report in real time, explaining why there is a failed patrol or deviation from the planned patrol
* Push to talk functionality
* Innovative panic alert conditions
* Multi-level access to user profile
* Mobile forms
* Guard movement 'Heat Map'
* Man-down function
*
Login screen personalizing profile
* Integration into guard rostering programme with guard photo or biometrics on Cloud Track device
* GPS to verify guard movement
* Customised reporting that includes Active Track, Active Eye and Maestro control room monitoring software inputs. | <urn:uuid:a0691ab9-920f-440c-aa25-0df2c9d365b8> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 2,982 |
VRIJDAG 3 MEI
ALGEMENE
LEDENVERGADERING
IN HOOFDDORP
CORINPHILA
POSTZEGELS, MUNTEN EN PRENTBRIEFKAARTEN
UW VERZAMELING IN VERTROUWDE HANDEN
Verkocht 2016
Corinphila Nederland
Hamerprijs excl. opgeld
EUR 40.000
Verkocht 2017
Corinphila Nederland
Hamerprijs excl. opgeld
EUR 55.000
Verkocht 1998
Corinphila Zwitserland
Hamerprijs excl. opgeld
EUR 50.000
CHF 55.000
Verkocht 1998
Corinphila Zwitserland
Hamerprijs excl. opgeld
EUR 164.000
CHF 180.000
CORINPHILA - EEN TRADITIE VAN SUCCES
Het enige Nederlandse internationale postzegelveilinghuis met zusterbedrijven in Duitsland, Zwitserland, Hongkong en de VS.
Dankzij onze uitgebreide filatelistische kennis, de optimale presentatie en ons internationale netwerk realiseren wij de hoogste prijzen.
BEL OF E-MAIL ONS VOOR VRIJBLIJVEND ADVIES BIJ VERKOOP VAN UW VERZAMELING
CORINPHILA VEILINGEN BV
AMSTELVEEN - NEDERLAND
email@example.com
TEL. +31 - (0)20 - 624 97 40
WWW.CORINPHILA.NL
CORINPHILA AUCTIONEN AG
ZÜRICH - ZWITSERLAND
WWW.CORINPHILA.CH
Filatelistische partner
STOCKHOLMIA2019
29 MAY-2 JUNE
Postzegel- en Muntveilingen
• Een betrouwbare taxatie van uw verzameling?
• Een hoge opbrengst via een internationale veiling?
• Een gedegen en correcte afwikkeling van uw levenswerk?
Laat Rietdijk uw partner zijn!
In april en november telkens een grote postzegelveiling en in juni en december telkens een grote munteveiling.
Wij zijn doorlopend op zoek naar postzegels en munten!
Voor grote inzendingen komen wij graag naar u toe!
Bel: 070-364 79 57
of mail: firstname.lastname@example.org
Adres Noordeinde 41 (schuin t.o. paleis)
2514 GC 's-Gravenhage
Telefoon 070-364 79 57 (postzegelveiling)
070-364 78 31 (munteveiling)
Fax 070-363 28 93
Internet www.rietdijkveilingen.nl
E-mail email@example.com
Bestuurssamenstelling:
Voorzitter / R. Peters, van den Berghlaan 299 06 - 54 741 761
Veilingmeester 2132 AH Hoofddorp firstname.lastname@example.org
Vice Voorzitter G.T.B. Visser, Schweitzerstraat 60 023 - 565 37 80
2131 RG Hoofddorp
Secretaris Mw. M. van Ditzhuyzen-Albarda, 0252 - 67 31 34
Dorsersstraat 79, 2151 CG Nieuw-Vennep
Penningmeester T.A.J.M. van Leeuwen, J. Benninghstraat 43 020 - 641 50 22
1181 SB Amstelveen
Fin. Rondzendverkeer C.E.M. de Kort, Dokter Bolkesteinstraat 8 023 - 563 88 40
2132 JT Hoofddorp
Ledenadministratie Mw. T. Ackema-van Donselaar, 020 - 659 44 81
2e Secretaris Pr. Pieter Christiaanhof 5, 1171 LL Badhoevedorp
Commissie Algemene Zaken:
Rondzendverkeer Mw. C. van Harten, Henriette Roland Holstlaan 61 06 - 24 501 901
2135 SN Hoofddorp
Keurmeesters F. Louis, Asterstraat 28 036 - 524 23 49
1338 WT Almere
E.W.F. Hardes, Leusdenhof 214 020 - 697 11 00
1108 DH Amsterdam-ZO
* * * * * * * * * * * *
Ereleden: G.J. Bakker,
Elst (U)
J.H. Berghoef †,
Hoofddorp
R. Peters,
Hoofddorp
mw. C. van Harten,
Hoofddorp
mw. T. Ackema-van Donselaar,
Badhoevedorp
Contributies: Leden €35,00, partner- / huisgenootleden €22,50 per kalenderjaar.
Betaling: Vóór 15 januari van elk jaar voor het lopende kalenderjaar door storting op
IBAN NL02INGB0003732641 t.n.v. Postzegelvereniging Haarlemmermeer.
Opzegging: Schriftelijk vóór 1 oktober bij de Ledenadministratie.
INHOUD
Redaktieadres:
Ronald Peters
v.d. Berghlaan 299
2132 AH Hoofddorp
Tel. 06 - 54 741 761
E-mail: email@example.com
Internetadres:
www.pzvh.nl
Webmaster:
Richard Everaardt
E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.org
Druk:
Drukkerij Peters Amsterdam b.v.
Bezorging:
Een 35-tal vrijwilligers
Van de Voorzitter pag. 2
Agenda ALV pag. 3
Bestuursmededelingen pag. 4 en 5
Ruildagen in de Regio pag. 5
Hoera, ik ga Denemarken.. pag. 6 t/m 8
Kavellijst Veiling Hoofddorp vrijdag 3 mei pag. 9 t/m 12
Kavellijst Veiling Badhoevedorp woensdag 8 mei pag. 15 t/m 18
Kavellijst Veiling Nieuw-Vennep donderdag 16 mei pag. 21 t/m 24
Inschrijfformulier pag. 25
Regels pag. 26 en 27
Aktiviteitenprogramma pag. 28
Biedlijsten pag. 29 t/m 32
VAN DE VOORZITTER
De zomer is in aantocht en diverse leden vertrekken alweer naar hun “zomerresidentie”, maar wij gaan nog twee maanden door met onze activiteiten en U bent hierbij dan ook van harte uitgenodigd om deze te komen bezoeken.
Vrijdag 3 mei houden wij de Jaarlijkse Algemene Ledenvergadering op onze verenigingsavond in Hoofddorp. De vergadering begint om 20.00 uur en de agenda vindt U op de pagina hiernaast. U bent allen hierbij van harte uitgenodigd. Na de vergadering is er een korte pauze met een gratis consumptie, U aangeboden door de vereniging, waarna er nog 180 kavels worden geveild en de loterij wordt gehouden. Natuurlijk zijn de 5 cent zegels en de 2 voor een euro boeken deze avond ook aanwezig.
De “Grote Speciale Veiling” op zaterdag 23 maart j.l. is door het bestuur wederom als een groot succes ervaren, meer hierover op pagina 4 bij de bestuursmededelingen.
Maar voordat de zomer echt losbreekt en wij allen van een heerlijke vakantie gaan genieten, wil ik U nog even attent maken op onze activiteiten in de komende 2 maanden:
Vrijdag 3 mei Verenigingsavond met ALV in Hoofddorp
Woensdag 8 mei Verenigingsavond in Badhoevedorp
Zaterdag 11 mei Ruilbeurs in Hoofddorp
Donderdag 16 mei Verenigingsavond in Nieuw-Vennep
Vrijdag 7 juni Verenigingsavond in Hoofddorp.
Zaterdag 8 juni Ruilbeurs in Hoofddorp.
Woensdag 12 juni Verenigingsavond in Badhoevedorp.
Donderdag 20 juni Verenigingsavond in Nieuw-Vennep.
Op vrijdag 17 en zaterdag 18 mei wordt in de Veluwehal te Barneveld weer de jaarlijkse postzegelbeurs “Hollandfila” gehouden. Voor alle leden van onze vereniging is de toegang gratis.
Tot volgende maand,
Ronald Peters
HIERBIJ NODIGT HET BESTUUR U UIT VOOR
DE JAARLIJKSE ALGEMENE LEDENVERGADERING
deze zal gehouden worden op vrijdag 3 mei 2019 om 20.00 uur
tijdens onze verenigingsavond te Hoofddorp.
Zaal open vanaf 19.00 uur.
Wij stellen ons voor de volgende AGENDA in behandeling te nemen.
1. Opening.
2. Ingekomen en uitgaande stukken.
3. Behandeling en goedkeuring van de notulen van de ALV gehouden
op 1 juni 2018.
4. a. Jaarverslag van de secretaris.
b. Jaarverslag van de penningmeester, vaststelling van de balans
en de staat van baten en lasten.
c. Jaarverslag van het rondzendverkeer.
d. Jaarverslag van de veilingmeester.
5. Verslag van de kascommissie / Décharge bestuur.
6. Vaststelling van de contributie voor 2020.
Geen voorstel van het bestuur voor verhoging/verlaging.
7. Vaststelling van de begroting voor 2019.
8. Verkiezing bestuursleden. Aftredend zijn de heer G.T.B. Visser (vice-
voorzitter) en de heer T.A.J.M. van Leeuwen (penningmeester). De heer
Visser stelt zich herkiesbaar, de heer van Leeuwen niet. Wij hebben de heer
L.G. Bijster bereid gevonden om de functie van penningmeester te gaan
bekleden als de vergadering daarmee accord gaat. Kandidaten voor deze
functie’s kunnen zich opgeven tot het begin van de vergadering.
9. Benoeming van een nieuw Kascontrole-commissielid en (her-)benoeming
van een lid voor de Commissie van beroep en de Nalatenschapscommissie.
10. Rondvraag.
11. Sluiting ALV.
Na een korte pauze zal er een veiling van 180 kavels worden gehouden.
BESTUURS-MEDEDELINGEN
ALGEMENE LEDENVERGADERING
Op vrijdag 3 mei houden wij onze Jaarlijkse Algemene Ledenvergadering tijdens onze verenigingsavond in Hoofddorp. De vergadering begint om 20.00 uur en de agenda vindt U op pagina 3 van dit blad. Wij nodigen U hierbij van harte uit en rekenen op een grote opkomst.
KORT VERSLAG “GROTE VEILING” 23 MAART J.L.
Op 23 maart j.l. organiseerden wij voor de dertiende keer een “speciale veiling” op een zaterdag. ’s Morgens konden de kavels op het gemak in alle rust bekeken worden en ’s middags waren er 60 bieders in de zaal en hadden 13 leden een schriftelijke bieding ingeleverd. Er werden 345 kavels verkocht en de opbrengst was € 5.650,-. Om 17.30 uur was iedereen weer huiswaarts gekeerd en konden wij terugzien op een geslaagde veiling. Reden voor het bestuur om door te gaan met het 2x per jaar organiseren van zo’n veiling op de 4e zaterdag in april en november.
SPECIALE VEILING IN NOVEMBER
Op zaterdag 23 november a.s. zal er in Hoofddorp weer een “speciale veiling” worden gehouden. Onder “speciale veiling” verstaan wij: stockboeken, albums (met en zonder zegels), verzamelingen, specialiteiten, partijen, kistjes, dozen, rondzendboekjes enz. enz. Inzenden van kavels voor deze veiling is mogelijk tot en met zaterdag 12 oktober (Ruilbeurs Hoofddorp).
MAANDBLAAD PER E-MAIL
U kunt nu ons maandblad “Onder de loupe genomen” ook per e-mail ontvangen. Wilt u het blad, i.p.v. per post of bezorger, per mail ontvangen, stuur dan even een mailtje aan email@example.com met de tekst: “Maandblad graag per mail”, dan gaan we dit regelen.
HOLLANDFILA
Op vrijdag 17 en zaterdag 18 mei a.s. is het weer tijd voor “Hollandfila” in Barneveld, de zomerversie van de “Eindejaarsbeurs”, bij velen van U wel bekend. Wat kunt U van dit evenement verwachten: circa 100 handelaren w.o. ook semi-handelaren, veel parkeergelegenheid en een uitstekend restaurant met vele gezellige zitjes. Bovendien is de toegang voor al onze leden GRATIS.
INLEVEREN MATERIAAL SEIZOEN 2019/2020
Voor het volgende seizoen kunt U vanaf nu weer stockboeken met “5 cent-zegels” en “2 voor een Euro-zegels” inleveren bij de bestuursleden. De regels die hiervoor gelden vindt U elders in dit blad en voor meer informatie kunt U altijd bij het bestuur terecht. Ook veilingkavels kunt U inleveren, zodat onze keurmeesters komende zomer weer volop aan het werk kunnen.
LEDENWERFACTIE
In samenwerking met het “Samenwerkingsverband Filatelie” houden wij een ledenwerfactie, hetgeen inhoudt dat nieuwe leden slechts € 10,- contributie (+ € 2,50 inschrijfgeld) betalen voor het lidmaatschap tot 1 januari 2020. Heeft u familie, vrienden, kennissen of buren die ook postzegels verzamelen, maak hen dan eens attent op dit aanbod en/of neem ze eens mee als introducée.
VERSLAG GROTE VEILING 23 MAART J.L. IN HOOFDDORP
Aanwezig aantal kopers 73 (waaronder 13 schriftelijk) - Inzet: 1088 kavels - Verkocht: 345 kavels = 31,7% - Opbrengst: € 5.650,-
VERSLAG VEILING 5 APRIL J.L. IN HOOFDDORP
Aanwezig aantal kopers 31 (waaronder 1 schriftelijk) - Inzet: 180 kavels - Verkocht: 28 kavels = 15,6% - Opbrengst: € 191,75
RUILDAGEN IN DE REGIO
- 4 mei LISSE, ‘t Poelhuys, Vivaldistraat 4, van 10.00 tot 14.45 uur.
- 4 mei UITHOORN, Wijksteunpunt Bilderdijkhof, Bilderdijkhof 1, van 10.00 tot 14.00 uur.
- 11 mei HOOFDDORP, De Jeugd van Gisteren, Beemsterstraat 4, van 10.00 tot 16.00 uur.
HOERA, IK GA DENEMARKEN SPAREN!
Wat weten we van Denemarken? O ja, de gevreesde Vikingen van duizend jaar geleden, de sprookjes van de 19e eeuwse dichter Hans Andersen, LEGO-land, de hoofdstad Kopenhagen met lunapark Tivoli, het stenen beeld van de kleine zeemeermin, de enorme tunnel&brug verbinding over de Sont voor spoor- en wegverkeer met Malmö in Zweden, lid van NATO en Europese Gemeenschap (zonder Euro!)... koninkrijk, democratie... Het land heeft nu ca 5,6 miljoen inwoners. De taal is Deens, familie van het Noors en Zweeds. Denemarken bestaat uit Jutland plus zo’n veertig eilanden en is bijna zo plat als Nederland.
Hoe ouder hoe gekker, dus ik heb besloten om Denemarken te gaan sparen. Speuren in een postzegelcatalogus geeft het goede nieuws dat er maar weinig prijzige rariteiten zijn, en dat er veel minder postzegels (catalogusnummers) zijn uitgebracht dan bv door Nederland (tot 1980: 820 vs Nederland ca. 1400). Vroegere en huidige Deense overzeesche gebiedsdelen wil ik NIET gaan sparen. Dat zijn IJsland, Groenland, Deens West Indië (heet nu: US Virgin Islands, ligt in het Caraïbische eilandengebied niet ver van Puerto Rico en St Maarten). En mijn toekomstige verzameling zal niet verder gaan dan 1985. Daarna is het toch meer van hetzelfde, althans in mijn ogen.
De catalogus eens nader bekijken. De eerste Deense postzegels (1851-1863) lijken sprekend op de nrs 5, 6 en 7 (1864) van het aangrenzende Duitse groothertogdom Schleswig-Holstein, de munt (schilling) lijkt ook hetzelfde.
Logisch want Schleswig en Holstein stonden toen onder Deens gezag. Nietlang meer want tijdens een korte oorlog in 1864 werd het gebied door Pruisen veroverd. Pas in 1920, dus na de 1ste wereldoorlog, kwam de landstreek boven Flensburg terug bij Denemarken want daar hadden de meeste bewoners Deens als moedertaal. De eerste Deense luchtpostzegels (drie stuks, in de handel bekend als ‘de vliegende boer’) kwamen in 1925-26 uit. Beetje laat want er werd toen al druk gevlogen en buurlanden hadden al luchtpostzegels sinds 1919. Bijzonder zijn de Deense frankeerzegels met opdruk ‘Postfaerge’ die in achtereenvolgende series uitkwamen van 1919 tot 1975. Dit zijn zegels voor frankering van postpakketten, vervoerd per postveerboot van en naar de eilanden Løgstør-Aggersund en Esbjerg-Fanø. Dat weet u dan weer.
We houden u op de hoogte. Trouwens: wat let u om zelf een land er bij te gaan sparen?
Philip Levert †
Dit artikel is al eerder in 2014 door ons gepubliceerd.
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|-------|------------|-----------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 1. | Nederland | 4/5 | o | 30,00 | 5,00 |
| 2. | | 46c tanding 11x11 | o | 80,00 | 17,50 |
| 3. | | 47b tanding 11½x11 | NG o | 175,00 | 42,50 |
| 4. | | 110/13 | NG x | 11,00 | 2,75 |
| 5. | | 166/68 | x | 10,00 | 2,50 |
| 6. | Nederland | R57/70 roltanding | x | 110,00 | 32,50 |
| 7. | | 199/202 | x | 15,00 | 3,75 |
| 8. | | 212/19 | x | 70,00 | 17,50 |
| 9. | | 220/23 | NG x | 20,00 | 5,00 |
| 10. | | 224 | NG x | 25,00 | 6,00 |
| 11. | Nederland | 256 | x | 11,00 | 2,75 |
| 12. | | 269 | x | 16,00 | 4,00 |
| 13. | | 293/95 | xx | 13,50 | 4,00 |
| 14. | | 325/26 | xx | 24,00 | 7,00 |
| 15. | | 332/37v ongetand | xx | 4,00 | 1,50 |
| 16. | Nederland | 350/55 | x | 43,00 | 7,50 |
| 17. | | 356b | xx | 30,00 | 7,50 |
| 18. | | 356c | xx | 38,00 | 12,00 |
| 19. | | 356d | xx | 42,00 | 14,00 |
| 20. | Suriname | 118/26 | x | 50,00 | 12,50 |
| 21. | Suriname | 146/49 | x | 22,00 | 6,00 |
| 22. | | 157/66 | xx | 28,50 | 7,50 |
| 23. | | 285/99 | x | 55,00 | 11,00 |
| 24. | | LP 24/26 | xx | 59,00 | 19,50 |
| 25. | Ned. Antill.| 1236/37 | vissen | xx | 13,00 | 3,75 |
| 26. | Ned. Antill.| 1241/44 | xx | 9,70 | 2,75 |
| 27. | | 1245/46 | xx | 6,00 | 1,75 |
| 28. | | 1247/48 | xx | 3,00 | 1,00 |
| 29. | | 1253/54 | Chinees | xx | 6,00 | 1,95 |
| 30. | | 1264a/73a zelfklevend | xx | 20,00 | 7,70 |
| 31. | Ned. Antill.| 1296/97 | xx | 3,50 | 1,00 |
| 32. | | 1314/16 | xx | 9,50 | 2,75 |
| 33. | | 1330/33 | xx | 11,50 | 3,45 |
| 34. | | 1334/35 | xx | 4,00 | 1,25 |
| 35. | | 1369/70 | xx | 3,80 | 1,25 |
| 36. | Ned. Antill.| 1363/68 | vogels | xx | 20,50 | 6,15 |
| 37. | Aruba | 144/47 | xx | 7,60 | 1,00 |
| 38. | | 148/50 | xx | 6,60 | 1,00 |
| 39. | | 154/55+178/79 | xx | 9,30 | 1,25 |
| 40. | | 156/59 | xx | 5,60 | 1,00 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|---------------|--------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 41 | Aruba | 160/63 | xx | 5,00 | 1,00 |
| 42 | ,, | 164/67 | xx | 8,00 | 1,25 |
| 43 | ,, | 168/70 | xx | 6,50 | 1,00 |
| 44 | ,, | 171/74 | xx | 7,20 | 1,00 |
| 45 | ,, | 180/84 | xx | 8,90 | 1,25 |
| 46 | Zwitserland | Mi 130/32 | x | 80,00 | 16,00 |
| 47 | ,, | 133/35 | o | 100,00 | 15,00 |
| 48 | ,, | 294/96 | xx | 12,00 | 3,50 |
| 49 | ,, | 321/24 | x | 26,00 | 5,20 |
| 50 | ,, | 331/34 | xx | 5,50 | 1,65 |
| 51 | Zwitserland | Mi 405/07 | xx | 16,00 | 4,75 |
| 52 | ,, | 488/91 | xx | 5,00 | 1,50 |
| 53 | ,, | 484/87 | xx | 6,50 | 1,75 |
| 54 | ,, | 508/11 | xx | 9,00 | 2,70 |
| 55 | ,, | blok 13 FDC spec. Stempel | o | 90,00 | 25,00 |
| 56 | Zwitserland | Mi 514/17 | xx | 6,00 | 1,75 |
| 57 | ,, | 529/40 | xx | 29,00 | 8,50 |
| 58 | Kampuchea | 984.19/25 | vogels | xx | 18,00 | 1,90 |
| 59 | Denemarken | Mi 1211/17 | vogels | xx | 3,50 | 1,00 |
| 60 | ,, | 1223/26 | vogels | xx | 7,00 | 1,40 |
| 61 | Palau | 983.5/8 | vogels | xx | 5,90 | 1,10 |
| 62 | Cuba | vogels | xx | 4,50 | 1,00 |
| 63 | ,, | Mi 3910/14 | vogels | xx | 6,80 | 1,21 |
| 64 | ,, | 3926/31 | vogels | xx | 6,00 | 1,10 |
| 65 | ,, | ,, 22009 | vogels | xx | 6,00 | 1,10 |
| 66 | Australie | 991.5/8 | vogels | xx | 6,60 | 1,20 |
| 67 | ,, | 979.20/25 | vogels | xx | 3,80 | 1,00 |
| 68 | Aus. Chr. Island | Mi 379/83 | vogels | xx | 6,00 | 1,20 |
| 69 | Bulgarije | ,, 3303/06 | vogels | xx | 5,50 | 1,10 |
| 70 | ,, | 3607/12 | vogels | xx | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 71 | Tsjechoslow. | Mi 1681/87 | vogels | xx | 11,00 | 1,90 |
| 72 | ,, | 1731/36 | vogels | xx | 7,00 | 1,30 |
| 73 | Alderney | ,, 13/17 | vogels | xx | 28,00 | 4,90 |
| 74 | Ned. Antill. | 788/90 | vogels | xx | 5,80 | 1,10 |
| 75 | Gabon | 963.7/9 | vogels | xx | 27,50 | 4,90 |
| 76 | Guinee | Mi 1589/94 | vogels | xx | 6,20 | 1,20 |
| 77 | Guinee Eq. | 978.219/226 | vogels | xx | 10,00 | 1,40 |
| 78 | Cayman Isl. | 962.1 | vogel | x | 15,00 | 1,50 |
| 79 | Engeland | Mi 60 | o | 55,00 | 7,00 |
| 80 | ,, | ,, 95 | o | 35,00 | 5,00 |
| 81 | Engeland | Mi 101 | o | 100,00 | 12,00 |
| 82 | ,, | 230 | o | 25,00 | 4,00 |
| 83 | D. Post | bl 969/70 | xx | 30,00 | 4,00 |
| 84 | Saar | 262 | o | 130,00 | 16,00 |
| 85 | ,, | 296 | o | 10,00 | 1,50 |
| 86 | Saar | Mi 292 | o | 80,00 | 11,00 |
| 87 | D. Rijk | ,, 134 I | o | 12,00 | 2,00 |
| 88 | ,, | 135 I | NG o | 13,00 | 2,00 |
| 89 | ,, | 136 I | o | 12,00 | 2,00 |
| 90 | ,, | 138 I | o | 16,00 | 2,00 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|---------------|--------------------------|---------|--------|--------|
| 91. | Sovjet zone | Mi 85b/86b | NG o | 160,00 | 20,00 |
| 92. | ,, | ,, 85c/86c | NG o | 160,00 | 20,00 |
| 93. | ,, | ,, blok 5 | Sachsen | NG o | 320,00 | 50,00 |
| 94. | Frankrijk | Yv LP 33 | o | 20,00 | 3,00 |
| 95. | ,, | ,, 339/40 | NG o | 10,00 | 1,20 |
| 96. | Frankrijk | Yv 171/72 | NG o | 16,00 | 1,75 |
| 97. | ,, | ,, 2216/17 | xx | 14,00 | 1,40 |
| 98. | ,, | ,, 1695/98 | xx | 6,00 | 1,00 |
| 99. | ,, | ,, 27/35+46+49 | Cons. de l'Europ | xx | 30,00 | 3,00 |
| 100. | ,, | ,, 1415/17 | xx | 8,50 | 1,50 |
| 101. | Monaco | Mi blok 37b | NG xx | 35,00 | 7,00 |
| 102. | België | OBP 1198/1203 | x | 6,00 | 1,00 |
| 103. | ,, | ,, 1064/65 | xx | 10,00 | 1,75 |
| 104. | ,, | ,, 987/89 | NG x | 7,50 | 1,25 |
| 105. | ,, | ,, 959/60 | xx | 28,00 | 4,50 |
| 106. | België | OBP 879 | xx | 112,00 | 20,00 |
| 107. | ,, | ,, 2225/28 | xx | 5,50 | 1,10 |
| 108. | ,, | ,, 2968/69 | xx | 4,50 | 1,00 |
| 109. | ,, | ,, blok 64 | xx | 7,00 | 1,10 |
| 110. | ,, | ,, atm 63 set 9+13/24 | BRUPHILA| NG xx | 25,00 | 5,00 |
| 111. | Nederland | OBP 2980/84 | xx | 22,70 | 4,00 |
| 112. | Frankrijk | Mi 61 | NG o | 17,00 | 3,40 |
| 113. | ,, | ,, 339/40 | x | 22,00 | 4,00 |
| 114. | ,, | ,, 426 | x | 9,00 | 1,50 |
| 115. | ,, | ,, 448 | x | 9,00 | 1,50 |
| 116. | Frankrijk | Mi 467/70 | x | 22,00 | 3,50 |
| 117. | ,, | ,, 509/10 | x | 9,00 | 1,50 |
| 118. | ,, | ,, 600/05 | x | 8,00 | 1,50 |
| 119. | ,, | ,, 765/70 | xx | 10,00 | 2,00 |
| 120. | ,, | ,, 1175/76 | NG o | 6,00 | 1,00 |
| 121. | Frankrijk | Mi 1296/1300 | xx | 11,00 | 2,00 |
| 122. | ,, | ,, 1480 | xx | 17,00 | 3,00 |
| 123. | Zwitserland | ,, 250/55 | xx | 117,50 | 16,00 |
| 124. | ,, | ,, 71/73 | NG xx | 38,00 | 5,00 |
| 125. | ,, | ,, 518 | o | 50,00 | 6,00 |
| 126. | Nederland | E428/31 | onb | 24,50 | 4,00 |
| 127. | ,, | E436/38 | onb | 21,00 | 3,50 |
| 128. | ,, | E443 | onb | 20,00 | 3,50 |
| 129. | ,, | E439+40+44+45 | onb | 23,50 | 4,00 |
| 130. | ,, | E448/51 | onb | 24,00 | 4,00 |
| 131. | Nederland | E452/56 | onb | 23,30 | 4,00 |
| 132. | ,, | E457/63 | onb | 24,50 | 4,00 |
| 133. | Aruba | 1/15 | xx | 22,50 | 2,00 |
| 134. | BRD | Mi E904+907 | o | 5,50 | 1,00 |
| 135. | Nederland | 135 | x | 22,50 | 2,50 |
| 136. | Nederland | Pzb 6 | xx | 10,00 | 1,00 |
| 137. | ,, | 1488/91+93/94+96/97+1500/01| xx | 22,00 | 2,50 |
| 138. | Ned. Antill. | 918/24 | xx | 9,30 | 1,00 |
| 139. | Suriname | 137/40 | x | 25,00 | 4,60 |
| 140. | Zwitserland | Mi D20+H205/06 | NG x | 4,80 | 1,00 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|---------------|-------------------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 141. | Ned. Antill. | 460/68 | xx | 20,00 | 1,25 |
| 142. | „ | 276/90 | xx | 17,50 | 1,00 |
| 143. | Nederland | 952/58 | xx | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 144. | „ | velletje pers. zegels Santiago Compostella | xx | 5,00 | |
| 145. | „ | V1842/51 | xx | 10,00 | 1,00 |
| 146. | Nederland | pers. Sluiting Bankraskerk vorm 2635 | xx | 5,00 | |
| 147. | „ | V1878/87 | felicitaite | xx | 10,00 | 1,00 |
| 148. | „ | 568/72 | Zomer '51 | x | 24,00 | 1,50 |
| 149. | „ | 655/59 | Zomer '55 | x | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 150. | Faroer | Mi 7/20 zie kavel | NG xx/x | 12,00 | 2,50 |
| 151. | Faroer | Mi 7/20 zie kavel | NG xx/x | 12,00 | 2,50 |
| 152. | „ | „ 24/27 | xx | 10,00 | 2,00 |
| 153. | „ | „ 21/23 | xx | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 154. | Berlijn | „ 82+83+85 | NG o | 57,50 | 8,50 |
| 155. | Nederland | 2813 | o | 5,00 | 1,00 |
| 156. | Wereld | zie kavel | NG o | 1,00 | |
| 157. | Nederland | 4 Maximumkaarten | NG o | 1,25 | |
| 158. | „ | KBD kaart 1997 S | NG o | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 159. | „ | KBD kaart 1993 S | NG o | 3,00 | 1,00 |
| 160. | „ | KBD kaart 1983 B | speelgoed | NG | 5,00 | 1,00 |
| 161. | Nederland | V886/88 | xx | 82,50 | 20,00 |
| 162. | „ | V1842 in mapje | NG xx | 10,00 | 2,00 |
| 163. | BRD | Mi 200/03 | xx | 55,00 | 12,00 |
| 164. | „ | „ 202 | xx | 12,00 | 2,50 |
| 165. | „ | „ 249/280 | xx | 90,00 | 20,00 |
| 166. | BRD | 12 zegels tussen 281 en 301 | xx | 21,75 | 4,00 |
| 167. | „ | 32 zegels | xx | 24,00 | 2,00 |
| 168. | „ | 27 zegels 2004/2005 | o | 28,00 | 2,00 |
| 169. | „ | Mi. 302/325 - jaargang 1959 | xx | 79,00 | 15,00 |
| 170. | Nederland | 10 Telefoonkaarten | | 1,00 | |
| 171. | Nederland | 44 series tussen 1220 en 1417 | o | 44,20 | 3,00 |
| 172. | Ned/N.O/Z-Afr.| 360 zegels in klein inst.boekje | o | 2,00 | |
| 173. | Can/BRD/Italie| Zegels in klein inst.boekje | o | 2,00 | |
| 174. | Oostenrijk | Zegels in groot insteekboek | xx/o | 6,00 | |
| 175. | Frankr/Spanje | Zegels in groot insteekboek | o | 8,00 | |
| 176. | Europa | Zegels op losse insteekbladen | o | 3,00 | |
| 177. | „ | Bakje afgeweekte zegels in zakjes | o | 2,00 | |
| 178. | Wereld | 398 series in blik | | 995,00 | 45,00 |
| 179. | „ | 160 series in blik | | 400,00 | 15,00 |
| 180. | Nederland | Decemberzegels 1982 t/m 2018 in bakjes | | 15,00 | |
Zegels: \( \text{xx} = \text{postfris}, \quad \text{x} = \text{ongebruikt met plakker}, \quad \text{o} = \text{gebruikt}. \)
FDC’s: \( \text{onb.} = \text{onbeschreven}, \quad \text{bes.} = \text{beschreven}, \quad \text{get.} = \text{getypt}. \)
Nummering volgens NVPH, tenzij anders vermeld.
Zo. = Zonnebloem – Yv. = Yvert – Mi. = Michel – SG. = Stanley Gibbons.
NG = Niet gekeurd.
Typefouten voorbehouden.
3 winkels
4 internetsites
o.a. Gratis Wereldcatalogus en magazines
PostBeeld en postzegels horen bij elkaar. Meer dan 25 mensen in ons bedrijf zijn dagelijks bezig met alles wat met postzegels te maken heeft.
Wij hebben winkels in Haarlem, Leiden en Rotterdam en vier internetsites, ieder met hun eigen karakter (postbeeld.nl is onze webwinkel, freestampcatalogue.nl een gratis wereldcatalogus met o.a. verlenglijstfunctie, postzegelblog.nl een gratis filatelistisch tijdschrift en blog en freestampmagazine.com is ons engelstalig magazine).
Onze wereldvoorraad, van klassiek tot modern, is zeer groot en dagelijks worden honderden tot duizenden items toegevoegd. Vaak zijn dat zegels uit collecties, maar wij nemen ook nieuwtjes van de gehele wereld op voorraad en leveren in abonnement. In onze winkels staan bovendien honderden voordelige collecties en partijen.
Internet:
Webwinkel: PostBeeld.nl
Catalogus: FreestampCatalogue.nl
Magazine: PostzegelBlog.nl
www.PostBeeld.nl (webwinkel)
www.Freestampcatalogue.nl (gratis wereldcatalogus)
www.PostzegelBlog.nl (gratis magazine nederlands)
www.Freestampmagazine.com (gratis magazine engels)
Zelf een artikel schrijven voor postzegelblog of freestampmagazine?
Neem contact op met Michel van Staveren (023-5272136).
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Ontdek deze uitgebreide Gratis Wereld Catalogus en bekijk een deel van onze enorme voorraad op Stampworld www.stampworld.com (meer dan 325.000 verschillende items) of kijk op onze site : www.stampdealer.nl
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U bent natuurlijk ook van harte welkom in onze winkel in Heemstede waar u zich kunt verbazen over onze uitgebreide voorraad postzegels en munten alsmede albums, benodigdheden en catalogi.
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|------------|-------------------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 1 | Nederland | 12 | o | 200,00 | 28,00 |
| 2 | ,, | 85 | o | 35,00 | 3,50 |
| 3 | ,, | 134/35 | x | 45,00 | 6,00 |
| 4 | ,, | LP 12/13 | o | 250,00 | 40,00 |
| 5 | ,, | D1/8 | x | 225,00 | 32,00 |
| 6 | Nederland | E10 ITEP zegels+stempel | get | 125,00 | 17,50 |
| 7 | ,, | E36 | get | 25,00 | 4,00 |
| 8 | ,, | E38 | get | 25,00 | 4,00 |
| 9 | ,, | Pb 1 | xx | 9,00 | 1,20 |
| 10 | ,, | Pb 3 | xx | 3,50 | 1,00 |
| 11 | Nederland | pb 3a | xx | 3,50 | 1,00 |
| 12 | ,, | Pb 4 | xx | 3,50 | 1,00 |
| 13 | ,, | pb 6a | xx | 6,50 | 1,25 |
| 14 | ,, | pb 6e | xx | 10,00 | 1,50 |
| 15 | ,, | pb 6ef | xx | 5,00 | 1,00 |
| 16 | Nederland | E167+a+169+170~179a | o | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 17 | ,, | E171/79+185/86+189 | o | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 18 | ,, | E171/72+180/82+184/89a | o | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 19 | ,, | E180/82+184/90+3x Jul | o | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 20 | ,, | E180/82+184/90+3x Jul | o | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 21 | Nederland | E171/72+2x189+3xJul+nic+ballon+uiver| o | 25,50 | 1,20 |
| 22 | ,, | 12 specials '79+’80+’84 | o | 30,00 | 1,90 |
| 23 | BRD | Mi 149/61 | o | 27,00 | 1,40 |
| 24 | ,, | ,, 170+220+239 | o | 36,50 | 1,60 |
| 25 | Berlijn | ,, spec. 69+71+89 | o | 19,00 | 1,40 |
| 26 | GB/ler/Chin| SG 3 sets (spec.) | o | 23,00 | 1,10 |
| 27 | Liechtenstein | Mi 4 sets 1979/80 | xx | 33,00 | 2,40 |
| 28 | ,, | ,, 5 sets ’79+’80+’89 | xx | 40,00 | 2,90 |
| 29 | ,, | ,, 5 sets ’79+’80+’89 | xx | 40,00 | 2,90 |
| 30 | ,, | ,, 5 sets ’79+’80+’89 | xx | 40,00 | 2,90 |
| 31 | Nederland | 8 Franko-stempel | NH o | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 32 | ,, | 13 ’s Gravenhage stempel | NG o | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 33 | ,, | 27 puntstempel 8 | o | 14,00 | 2,50 |
| 34 | ,, | 79 | o | 8,00 | 1,40 |
| 35 | ,, | 84 stempel goed | NG o | 15,00 | 1,00 |
| 36 | Nederland | 98 dunne plek | NG o | 25,00 | 2,50 |
| 37 | Ned. Antill.| 1204 | xx | 15,00 | 2,50 |
| 38 | ,, | 1700 | xx | 18,30 | 2,60 |
| 39 | ,, | 1778 | xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 40 | Suriname | 294 | x | 13,00 | 2,20 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|------------|-------------------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 41. | Suriname | 309/11 sportweek 1953 | x | 16,80 | 2,40 |
| 42. | D. Rijk | Mi 384 fraai stempel o.k. | o | 115,00 | 25,00 |
| 43. | Monaco | ,, 135 | o | 100,00 | 10,00 |
| 44. | Belgie | BB 2477/80 | xx | 6,50 | 1,10 |
| 45. | ,, | ,, blok 62 | xx | 7,50 | 1,20 |
| 46. | Belgie | BB blok 69 | xx | 7,50 | 1,20 |
| 47. | ,, | ,, atm 65 set 9+13+24 Europhilex | NG xx | 22,50 | 4,50 |
| 48. | Duitsland | Mi 161 | NG x | 24,00 | 4,00 |
| 49. | Frankrijk | ,, 226/28 | x | 22,00 | 3,50 |
| 50. | ,, | ,, 423/24 | x | 10,00 | 1,75 |
| 51. | Frankrijk | Mi 433 | x | 9,00 | 1,50 |
| 52. | ,, | ,, 444/45 | x | 14,00 | 2,25 |
| 53. | ,, | ,, 471/72 | x | 10,00 | 1,75 |
| 54. | ,, | ,, 576/77 | x | 14,00 | 2,00 |
| 55. | ,, | ,, 9/27 Algier | x | 16,00 | 3,00 |
| 56. | Frankrijk | Mi 877/80 | x | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 57. | ,, | ,, 1017 | o | 12,00 | 1,00 |
| 58. | ,, | ,, 1399/1404 | xx | 18,00 | 2,75 |
| 59. | Zwitserland| Ph 250/55 | o | 26,50 | 4,50 |
| 60. | ,, | ,, 256/58 | o | 55,00 | 8,50 |
| 61. | Zwitserland| Ph 529/40 | xx | 29,00 | 5,00 |
| 62. | ,, | ,, 518 | xx | 45,00 | 6,00 |
| 63. | Nederland | E423/25 | onb | 18,00 | 3,00 |
| 64. | ,, | E436/38 | onb | 21,00 | 3,50 |
| 65. | ,, | E447/51 | onb | 27,00 | 4,25 |
| 66. | Nederland | E464/67 | onb | 25,50 | 4,00 |
| 67. | ,, | E478/80 | onb | 23,00 | 4,00 |
| 68. | ,, | E193b/98 | onb | 24,00 | 4,00 |
| 69. | ,, | E493c/503 | onb | 25,50 | 4,00 |
| 70. | ,, | V2248/49 | o | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 71. | Nederland | 2323 MooiNL Nijmegen | xx | 17,50 | 2,00 |
| 72. | ,, | 2324 MooiNL Nederl. | xx | 25,00 | 4,00 |
| 73. | ,, | M360/2519 mapje | xx | 12,50 | 3,00 |
| 74. | ,, | 2558/63 Grenz.Ned-Braz. | xx | 33,80 | 8,00 |
| 75. | Ned. Indie | 60 dunne plek | NG o | 10,00 | 1,00 |
| 76. | Frankrijk | Mi 16 kort gesneden | M | 12,00 | 1,00 |
| 77. | ,, | ,, 28a+30a zie kavel | NG o | 13,20 | 1,00 |
| 78. | ,, | Yv 213a+214/23 | xx | 34,60 | 5,00 |
| 79. | ,, | Mi 257/60 257 plaat besch. | NG x | 16,00 | 2,00 |
| 80. | USA | 1e dag env. JFKennedy | o | 1,00 | |
| 81. | Vatikaan | op papier | NG x | 0,80 | 1,00 |
| 82. | Europazegels| div. landen | xx | 8,90 | 1,00 |
| 83. | Nederland | 14 1ct zwart tandje | NG o | 90,00 | 9,00 |
| 84. | ,, | 513/17 zomer 1949 | xx | 17,00 | 2,60 |
| 85. | ,, | 637/40 | x | 11,00 | 1,00 |
| 86. | Nederland | 641/45 zomer 1954 | xx | 35,00 | 6,00 |
| 87. | ,, | 671/75 zomer 1956 | x | 15,00 | 3,00 |
| 88. | ,, | 681/82 1e Europazegels | x | 18,00 | 3,50 |
| 89. | ,, | 681/82 1e Europazegels | x | 18,00 | 3,50 |
| 90. | Berlijn | Mi 427/33 | xx | 13,00 | 2,50 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|----------|--------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 91. | Berlijn | Mi 680/83 | bloemen | xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 92. | ,, | ,, 680/83 | bloemen | o | 7,50 | 1,00 |
| 93. | ,, | ,, 703/06 | bloemen | o | 7,50 | 1,00 |
| 94. | ,, | ,, 708/11 | | xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 95. | ,, | ,, 712/15 | insecten | xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 96. | Berlijn | Mi 716/18 | sport | xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 97. | ,, | ,, 724/27 | bloemen | xx | 13,00 | 1,30 |
| 98. | ,, | ,, 793/96 | | xx | 6,50 | 1,00 |
| 99. | Aruba | 178/179 | | xx | 4,50 | 1,00 |
| 100. | ,, | 193/195 | | xx | 4,30 | 1,00 |
| 101. | Aruba | 232/233 | | xx | 5,50 | 1,00 |
| 102. | Papua NG | Mi 40/42 | | xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 103. | Suriname | 233 | | o | 5,00 | 1,20 |
| 104. | D. Rijk | Mi 12x 120~282 | | NG o | 102,50 | 7,50 |
| 105. | ,, | ,, 21x 89~153 | | NG o | 234,00 | 15,00 |
| 106. | D. Rijk | Mi 23x 156~266 | | NG o | 275,00 | 17,50 |
| 107. | ,, | ,, 16x D77~97 | | NG o | 385,00 | 20,00 |
| 108. | ,, | ,, 6x blok D18~33 | | NG o | 78,00 | 5,50 |
| 109. | ,, | ,, 40 blok D89~93 | | NG o | 72,00 | 5,00 |
| 110. | ,, | ,, 50 blok D35~78+241 | | NG o | 46,00 | 2,85 |
| 111. | Nederland| 90/100 | | o | 200,00 | 12,50 |
| 112. | ,, | 1/3 | | o | 250,00 | 14,50 |
| 113. | DDR | Mi 11 series 273~381 | | NG o | 330,00 | 17,50 |
| 114. | ,, | ,, 7 series 276~403 | | NG o | 280,00 | 15,00 |
| 115. | ,, | ,, 6 series 261~511 | | NG o | 730,00 | 35,00 |
| 116. | DDR | Mi 6 series 243~321 los 6x 242~340 | | NG o | 297,00 | 17,50 |
| 117. | ,, | ,, kombin 893/94+901/04+907/12+1138/41 | | NG o | 160,00 | 9,50 |
| 118. | ,, | ,, 261/70 | | NG o | 150,00 | 8,50 |
| 119. | ,, | ,, 303/06+280/81+246/47+287/92 | | NG o | 137,00 | 7,50 |
| 120. | ,, | ,, kombin 2716/21+2808/11+3101/04 | | NG o | 17,50 | 1,50 |
| 121. | DDR | Mi 1012/13+1039+1044+2364/67+3005/08 | | NG o | 83,50 | 5,50 |
| 122. | ,, | ,, 9x 1978-1985 kombi | | NG o | 52,00 | 2,75 |
| 123. | ,, | ,, 22 blok 16~45 | | NG o | 98,00 | 7,50 |
| 124. | ,, | ,, 22 blok 47~47 | | NG o | 94,00 | 7,50 |
| 125. | ,, | ,, 20 blok 68~97 | | NG o | 78,00 | 6,50 |
| 126. | DDR | Mi kb 8x 1977~1988 | | NG o | 43,50 | 5,00 |
| 127. | ,, | ,, kb 8x 1983~1987 | | NG o | 19,00 | 1,75 |
| 128. | ,, | ,, kb 10x 1968~1979 | | NG o | 69,50 | 6,50 |
| 129. | ,, | ,, 8x 1979~1987 | | NG o | 65,00 | 6,50 |
| 130. | Bundespost| ,, 16 blok 18~42 | | NG xx | 80,00 | 8,50 |
| 131. | Bundespost| Mi 14 blok 3~16 | | NG xx | 49,00 | 5,50 |
| 132. | Berlijn | ,, 6 blok 2~7 | | NG xx | 12,50 | 1,50 |
| 133. | Bundespost| ,, Kl.bogen 1979-1980 | zie kavel | NG o | 57,00 | 6,50 |
| 134. | Oostenrijk| ,, Kl.bogen 1991+92+94 + 1662 | | NG xx | 46,00 | 5,75 |
| 135. | ,, | ,, Kl.bogen 1988 t/m 1990 | | NG xx | 46,00 | 5,75 |
| 136. | Oostenrijk| Mi Kl.bogen 1993+95+96 | | NG xx | 62,00 | 7,50 |
| 137. | ,, | ,, Kl.bogen 1990+93+97 | | NG xx | 65,00 | 7,50 |
| 138. | Nederland| V875+917+1024+1063 | | NG xx | 26,00 | 1,00 |
| 139. | ,, | V1063+1176+1214+1223 | | NG xx | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 140. | ,, | V1063+1214+1223+1541+1546+1571 | | NG xx | 24,00 | 1,00 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|------------|--------------------------------------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 141. | Nederland | V1223+1487+1715 | NG xx | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 142. | ,, | V1223+1542/43 | NG xx | 18,00 | 1,00 |
| 143. | ,, | V1709+1714+1715 | NG xx | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 144. | ,, | V1214+1223+1709+1715 | NG xx | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 145. | ,, | V1223+1236+1279+1299+1313 2x | NG xx | 21,80 | 1,00 |
| 146. | Nederland | V1236+1279+1299+1313+1320 | NG xx | 20,50 | 1,00 |
| 147. | ,, | V1236+1279+1299+1313+1320 | NG xx | 20,50 | 1,00 |
| 148. | ,, | V1366+1390+1414+1418 | NG xx | 22,50 | 1,00 |
| 149. | ,, | V1390+1414+1418+1438 | NG xx | 22,50 | 1,00 |
| 150. | ,, | V1414+1438+1486+1517 | NG xx | 22,00 | 1,00 |
| 151. | Nederland | V1414+1436+1460+1517 | NG xx | 21,50 | 1,00 |
| 152. | ,, | V1517+1541+1556+1578 | NG xx | 24,00 | 1,00 |
| 153. | ,, | V1578+1604+1627 | NG xx | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 154. | ,, | V1719+1739 | NG xx | 18,00 | 1,00 |
| 155. | ,, | V1839+1628/29 | NG xx | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 156. | Nederland | V1841+1628/29 | NG xx | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 157. | ,, | V1841+1662/63 | NG xx | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 158. | ,, | V1214+1223+1236+1279+1299 | NG xx | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 159. | ,, | V1214+1223+1236+1279+1299 | NG xx | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 160. | ,, | vel 100x 1631 ev | NG xx | 60,00 | 3,00 |
| 161. | Nederland | 6x mapje 91 (1992) | NG xx | 36,00 | 2,00 |
| 162. | ,, | 3 veldelen 947+1152+1710 | NG xx | 44,00 | 1,50 |
| 163. | ,, | Set (26) vrachtbrieven | NG xx | 1,00 | |
| 164. | ,, | Set (15) 1e dag+set (18) briefkaarten | NG xx | 19,00 | 1,00 |
| 165. | Literatuur | 3 delen This is Philately | | | 15,00 |
| 166. | Canada | Jaarcoll. 1974 + 1976 | xx/x | 15,00 | |
| 167. | ,, | Jaarcoll. 1978 + 1979 | xx | 12,00 | |
| 168. | ,, | Jaarcoll. 1980 t/m 1982 | xx | 15,00 | |
| 169. | ,, | Jaarcoll. 1982 + 1983 | xx | 12,00 | |
| 170. | ,, | Jaarcoll. 1983 | xx | 6,00 | |
| 171. | Afrika | Zegels in klein insteekboekje | o | 1,50 | |
| 172. | Wereld | Zegels in klein insteekboekje | o | 1,50 | |
| 173. | Nederland | Zegels in groot insteekboek | o | 1,00 | |
| 174. | Oostenrijk | Zegels in groot insteekboek | o | 20,00 | |
| 175. | Zwitserland| Zegels in groot insteekboek | xx/o | 360,00 | 60,00 |
| 176. | Wereld | Zegels in groot insteekboek | xx/o | 3,00 | |
| 177. | V.N. | Zegels van 1951 t/m 1989 in Davo-album | xx | 1000,00| 80,00 |
| 178. | Wereld | Bakje onafgewekte zegels | o | 1,50 | |
| 179. | ,, | 240 series in blik | | 600,00 | 30,00 |
| 180. | Motief | Vliegtuigen in 7 grote insteekboeken | | 190,00 | 45,00 |
Zegels: \( \text{xx} = \text{postfris}, \quad x = \text{ongebruikt met plakker}, \quad o = \text{gebruikt}. \)
FDC’s: \( \text{onb.} = \text{onbeschreven}, \quad \text{bes.} = \text{beschreven}, \quad \text{get.} = \text{getypt}. \)
Nummering volgens NVPH, tenzij anders vermeld.
Zo. = Zonnebloem – Yv. = Yvert – Mi. = Michel – SG. = Stanley Gibbons.
NG = Niet gekeurd.
Typefouten voorbehouden.
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| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|---------------|-------------------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 1 | Nederland | 8 div 30~42 zie kavel | NG o | 30,00 | 1,00 |
| 2 | ,, | 228 | o | 15,00 | 2,20 |
| 3 | ,, | 235 | o | 15,00 | 2,30 |
| 4 | ,, | 379~391+t.b. | NG x | 19,50 | 1,20 |
| 5 | ,, | 428/42+L4/5 | xx | 17,50 | 1,00 |
| 6 | Nederland | 454/59+469/73+490/94 | xx | 21,00 | 1,00 |
| 7 | ,, | 460/68+490/94 | NG xx | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 8 | ,, | 513/17 | xx | 17,00 | 1,00 |
| 9 | ,, | 550(2x)+51+52+53(2x)+54+55 | xx | 72,00 | 3,50 |
| 10 | ,, | 534+35(2x)+36(2x)+37 | o | 47,00 | 2,20 |
| 11 | Nederland | 541+552+555 | o | 26,30 | 1,50 |
| 12 | ,, | 568/72 | xx | 39,00 | 2,60 |
| 13 | ,, | 578/81 | xx | 26,00 | 1,40 |
| 14 | ,, | 578/81+582 | NG x | 23,00 | 1,00 |
| 15 | ,, | 584/87+601 | NG x | 24,50 | 1,30 |
| 16 | Nederland | 602/06 | NG x | 33,00 | 2,00 |
| 17 | ,, | 607/11 | NG x | 21,00 | 1,20 |
| 18 | ,, | 617+632+641/45 | NG x | 37,00 | 2,50 |
| 19 | ,, | 10 zegels tussen 642 en 706 | NG o | 26,50 | 1,00 |
| 20 | Duitsland | Mi 117/20 | NG o | 200,00 | 20,00 |
| 21 | Duitsland | Mi 171/72 | xx | 50,00 | 6,00 |
| 22 | ,, | ,, 113/15 | NG o | 150,00 | 15,00 |
| 23 | ,, | ,, 111/12 | NG o | 45,00 | 5,00 |
| 24 | AL bezetting | ,, blok 1 | NG xx | 100,00 | 15,00 |
| 25 | Nederland | D9/15 | o | 62,50 | 7,00 |
| 26 | Canada | Mi | dieren| xx | 14,00 | 2,50 |
| 27 | Aruba | 406 | xx | 20,00 | 2,00 |
| 28 | Ned. Antill. | 1844 | xx | 15,00 | 1,50 |
| 29 | Ierland | Mi 146/47 | xx | 30,00 | 3,50 |
| 30 | ,, | ,, 559/62 | xx | 7,00 | 2,00 |
| 31 | Ierland | Mi 59/60 | xx | 14,00 | 2,00 |
| 32 | ,, | ,, 102/05 | xx | 25,00 | 3,50 |
| 33 | ,, | ,, 128/29 | xx | 20,00 | 3,00 |
| 34 | ,, | ,, 134/35 | xx | 22,00 | 3,50 |
| 35 | ,, | ,, 136/37 | xx | 18,00 | 2,50 |
| 36 | Ierland | Mi 138/39 | xx | 22,00 | 3,50 |
| 37 | ,, | ,, 142/43 | NG xx | 22,00 | 3,50 |
| 38 | ,, | ,, 167/68 | xx | 11,00 | 1,50 |
| 39 | ,, | ,, 188/89 | xx | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 40 | ,, | ,, 708/11 | NG xx | 8,00 | 1,25 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|---------------|--------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 41 | Portugal | Mi 1199/1201 | NG xx | 45,00 | 4,50 |
| 42 | Liechtenstein | ,, 75/77 | o | 80,00 | 7,50 |
| 43 | ,, | ,, 285/87 | o | 90,00 | 9,00 |
| 44 | Engeland | ,, 142 III | NG o | 60,00 | 2,00 |
| 45 | ,, | ,, 1883 | NG o | 25,00 | 2,00 |
| 46 | Engeland | Mi 10 zegels | NG xx/o | 1,00 | |
| 47 | België | Mi 300/16 | NG o | 1,00 | |
| 48 | D. Rijk | ,, 224/32 | NG o | 25,00 | 2,50 |
| 49 | Ned. Antill. | 1323/26 | xx | 17,50 | 3,00 |
| 50 | België | BB 2495/99 | xx | 5,50 | 11,00 |
| 51 | België | BB 3348/50+51 | xx | 6,00 | 1,20 |
| 52 | ,, | ,, blok 65 | xx | 7,00 | 1,10 |
| 53 | ,, | ,, atm 66 set 9+13+24 junex 87 | NG xx | 20,00 | 4,00 |
| 54 | Frankrijk | Mi 14 2e keus (vouw) | o | 250,00 | 15,00 |
| 55 | ,, | ,, 260 | xx | 11,00 | 2,00 |
| 56 | Frankrijk | Mi 408/15 | xx | 60,00 | 10,00 |
| 57 | ,, | ,, 435 | xx | 8,00 | 1,40 |
| 58 | ,, | ,, 450/53 | xx | 25,00 | 4,00 |
| 59 | ,, | ,, 475/77 | xx | 12,00 | 2,00 |
| 60 | ,, | ,, 581/84 | NG x | 8,00 | 1,50 |
| 61 | Frankrijk | Mi 698/702 | NG o | 12,00 | 2,00 |
| 62 | ,, | ,, 885/90 | NG o | 70,00 | 8,00 |
| 63 | ,, | ,, 1108 | o | 10,00 | 1,50 |
| 64 | ,, | ,, 1251/56 | o | 7,00 | 1,20 |
| 65 | ,, | ,, 1415/17 | NG xx/x | 8,50 | 1,00 |
| 66 | Zwitserland | Ph 250/55 | o | 26,50 | 4,50 |
| 67 | ,, | ,, 256/58 | xx | 9,00 | 1,00 |
| 68 | ,, | ,, 529/40 | xx | 29,00 | 5,00 |
| 69 | ,, | ,, 518 | xx | 45,00 | 6,00 |
| 70 | Nederland | E421/22 | onb | 21,00 | 3,50 |
| 71 | Nederland | E435/35a | onb | 20,00 | 3,50 |
| 72 | ,, | E443 | onb | 20,00 | 3,50 |
| 73 | ,, | E452/56 | onb | 23,30 | 4,00 |
| 74 | ,, | E478/80 | onb | 23,00 | 4,00 |
| 75 | ,, | E490/93a | onb | 23,00 | 4,00 |
| 76 | Nederland | E696/696a | onb | 14,50 | 2,50 |
| 77 | Frankrijk | Yv 795/802 | xx | 13,50 | 2,00 |
| 78 | Nigeria | Mi blok 3 | xx | 13,00 | 1,50 |
| 79 | Nw. Zeeland | ,, kb 451/52 | xx | 22,00 | 3,50 |
| 80 | Zd Australie | ,, 34c | o | 9,50 | 1,50 |
| 81 | Nederland | 2009 mapje | NG xx | 14,00 | 2,50 |
| 82 | ,, | telegram | NG xx | 25,00 | |
| 83 | USA | Mi dd 1862 conf. State | xx | 50,00 | 5,00 |
| 84 | Nederland | Blok 854 | NG xx | 27,50 | 2,50 |
| 85 | Joegoslavie | Mi 1438/42 6x kb | NG xx | 25,00 | 3,00 |
| 86 | Liberia | Mi 179/83 | NG xx | 7,00 | 1,00 |
| 87 | VN NY | ,, 38 series | NG xx | 250,00 | 20,00 |
| 88 | Hongarije | ,, blok 32a | xx | 15,00 | 2,00 |
| 89 | Engeland | ,, 209 | NG xx | 8,00 | 1,00 |
| 90 | Engeland | ,, blok 1+2+3 | xx/o | 6,00 | 1,00 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|------|---------------|--------------------------|-------|--------|--------|
| 91. | HongKong | Mi 457+459 | o | 31,50 | 3,00 |
| 92. | Ned. Antill. | 293/302 | xx | 10,00 | 1,50 |
| 93. | ,, | Blok 484+540 | xx | 8,00 | 1,25 |
| 94. | Nederland | 1042 | xx | 7,00 | 1,00 |
| 95. | ,, | 1293 | xx | 5,00 | 1,00 |
| 96. | Suriname | 118/26 | xx | 50,00 | 7,00 |
| 97. | Oostenrijk | Mi 183/84 | NG o | 9,00 | 1,00 |
| 98. | Zwitserland | ,, keerdruk 530+31+33 | o | 20,00 | 2,50 |
| 99. | Albanie | ,, blok 101 | Eur. CEPT '94 | xx | 4,00 | 1,50 |
| 100. | Liechtenstein | ,, 1033/34 | Eur. CEPT '92 | xx | 2,50 | 1,00 |
| 101. | Andorra (Sp) | Mi 123/24 | Eur. CEPT '79 | xx | 1,00 | 1,00 |
| 102. | Monaco | ,, 1038/39 | Eur. CEPT '72 | xx | 5,00 | 1,00 |
| 103. | Turkije | ,, 1174/75 | Eur. CEPT '60 | xx | 1,30 | 1,00 |
| 104. | Luxemburg | ,, 629/30 | Eur. CEPT '60 | xx | 1,20 | 1,00 |
| 105. | Andorra (Sp) | ,, 131/32 | Eur. CEPT '80 | xx | 1,20 | 1,15 |
| 106. | Frankrijk | Mi 2546/47 | Eur. CEPT '86 | xx | 4,00 | 1,00 |
| 107. | Andorra (Fr) | ,, 238/39 | Eur. CEPT '72 | xx | 45,00 | 5,50 |
| 108. | Jersey | ,, 378/80 | Eur. CEPT '86 | xx | 1,80 | 1,00 |
| 109. | Bosnie/Herz. | ,, blok 27a+b | Eur. CEPT | xx | 80,00 | 8,00 |
| 110. | Cyprus | ,, 655/56 | Eur. CEPT '86 | xx | 2,60 | 1,00 |
| 111. | Zwitserland | Mi 117/20 | o | 10,00 | 2,00 |
| 112. | ,, | ,, 129 | o | 100,00 | 17,50 |
| 113. | ,, | ,, 130/32 | xx | 80,00 | 16,00 |
| 114. | ,, | ,, 130/32 132 machinestempel | o | 150,00 | 25,00 |
| 115. | ,, | ,, 143/44 | o | 45,00 | 9,00 |
| 116. | Zwitserland | Mi 149/51 | o | 45,00 | 9,00 |
| 117. | ,, | ,, 146/48 | o | 15,00 | 2,90 |
| 118. | ,, | ,, 172/74 | o | 75,00 | 15,00 |
| 119. | ,, | ,, 175/78 | o | 95,00 | 17,50 |
| 120. | ,, | ,, 228 | o | 45,00 | 9,00 |
| 121. | Zwitserland | Mi 233/34 | o | 150,00 | 27,50 |
| 122. | DDR | ,, 331 | NG o | 65,00 | 9,00 |
| 123. | ,, | ,, 331 | xx | 16,00 | 4,50 |
| 124. | ,, | ,, 337 | o | 42,00 | 5,00 |
| 125. | D. Post | ,, 1b/8b | o | 120,00 | 15,00 |
| 126. | Sovjet zone | Mi 26/28 | o | 170,00 | 20,00 |
| 127. | AM/BR zone | ,, 108/10 | o | 45,00 | 7,00 |
| 128. | ,, | ,, 103a/105a | o | 11,00 | 1,50 |
| 129. | ,, | ,, 69/72 | o | 20,00 | 3,00 |
| 130. | Sovjet zone | ,, 29/40x+y | xx | 180,00 | 22,00 |
| 131. | Sovjet zone | Mi 23a/25a | o | 160,00 | 20,00 |
| 132. | ,, | ,, 24a | o | 55,00 | 7,00 |
| 133. | Venezuela | ,, 3 | NG x | 60,00 | 9,00 |
| 134. | België | ,, 110/112 | Briefstukje | NG o | 35,00 | 5,00 |
| 135. | Nederland | 4 | NG o | 20,00 | 1,00 |
| 136. | Nederland | 405/21 | xx | 3,90 | 1,00 |
| 137. | ,, | 715/19 | xx | 11,50 | 1,00 |
| 138. | ,, | 731/35 | xx | 10,00 | 1,00 |
| 139. | ,, | zilveren zegel | xx | 15,00 | 1,50 |
| 140. | Vatikaan | FDC Kerst 18/11/2003 | | | 1,00 |
| K.nr. | Land | Katalogusnummer(s) | Staat | Kat.W. | Vr.pr. |
|-------|---------------|--------------------------------------------------------|--------|--------|--------|
| 141. | Nederland | Kerstzegels gestempeld 2014 | | 1,00 | |
| 142. | Vatikaan | 16 versch. zegels | | 1,00 | |
| 143. | Gambia | 2 velletjes | Donald Duck | xx | 1,00 |
| 144. | België | 2763/74 | NG o | 1,00 | |
| 145. | | 2841/49 | NG o | 1,00 | |
| 146. | Oostenrijk | Mi Zegels tussen 850 en 987 | NG o | 132,00 | 8,50 |
| 147. | | ,, Zegels tussen 893 en 985 | NG o | 265,00 | 17,50 |
| 148. | | ,, Zegels tussen 767 en 810 | NG o | 120,00 | 7,50 |
| 149. | Bundespost | ,, 13x 149~294+blok 250/51 | NG o | 163,50 | 9,50 |
| 150. | | ,, 7x serie 205~319 | NG o | 110,00 | 6,75 |
| 151. | Bundespost | Mi blok 2+315/19 | NG o | 87,50 | 6,50 |
| 152. | | ,, 111/12+117/20 | NG o | 215,00 | 15,75 |
| 153. | | ,, 171/72+222/25 | NG o | 100,00 | 7,25 |
| 154. | | 95x 0,01~5,70 2002 | NG o | 250,00 | 9,50 |
| 155. | | 63x 0,01~4,10 2008 | NG o | 200,00 | 6,50 |
| 156. | Bundespost | 67x 0,01~10,35 2008 | NG o | 210,00 | 6,75 |
| 157. | | 26x 0,10~6,55 1993 | NG o | 65,00 | 2,75 |
| 158. | | 61x 0,05~11,00 1993 | NG o | 210,00 | 6,75 |
| 159. | | 68x 0,05~6,50 1981 | NG o | 210,00 | 6,75 |
| 160. | | 61x 0,01~11,00 '99-2002 | NG o | 210,00 | 6,75 |
| 161. | AM/BR zone | Mi 100 I+II | NG o | 32,50 | 2,50 |
| 162. | All. bezetting| ,, 959a+b+960+61+62 | NG o | 725,00 | 37,50 |
| 163. | Bundespost | ,, 14x blok 24~74 versch. | NG o | 81,00 | 6,50 |
| 164. | | ,, 15x blok 3~78 | NG o | 62,50 | 4,75 |
| 165. | | ,, 14x blok 4~77 | NG o | 55,50 | 4,50 |
| 166. | Bundespost | Mi 18x blok 10~76 | NG o | 76,50 | 7,50 |
| 167. | Nederland | 50 zegels tussen 1367 en 1489 | NG xx | 2,00 | |
| 168. | B.R.D. | 27 zegels 1979-1980 | NG xx | 32,60 | 2,50 |
| 169. | D.D.R. | 9 zegels tussen 2751 en 3129 | NG o | 13,90 | 1,40 |
| 170. | Oostenrijk | Mi. Dienst 171/174 | NG o | 6,40 | 1,00 |
| 171. | Ver.Europa | Jaargang 1967 | NG xx | 195,00 | 25,00 |
| 172. | China-Hong K.| Mi. 401 | NG o | 7,00 | 1,50 |
| 173. | Wereld | Landkaarten op zegels | o | 6,00 | |
| 174. | Hongarije | Zegels in groot insteekboek | o | 8,00 | |
| 175. | M.-Oosten | O.a. China,Japan,Hong K,India | o | 15,00 | |
| 176. | Wereld | 76 Max.kaarten in luxe WWF-album | o | 15,00 | |
| 177. | | Bakje onafgewekte zegels | o | 2,00 | |
| 178. | | 232 series in blik | | 580,00 | 29,00 |
| 179. | Duitsland | 305 series in blik | | 762,00 | 35,00 |
| 180. | Israel | 936 FDC's in 3-vaks albums | | 45,00 | |
Zegels: xx = postfris, x = ongebruikt met plakker, o = gebruikt.
FDC’s: onb. = onbeschreven, bes. = beschreven, get. = getypt.
Nummering volgens NVPH, tenzij anders vermeld.
Zo. = Zonnebloem - Yv. = Yvert – Mi. = Michel – SG. = Stanley Gibbons.
NG = Niet gekeurd.
Typefouten voorbehouden.
INSCHRIJVINGSFORMULIER
Ondergetekende geeft zich hierbij op voor lidmaatschap van de Postzegelvereniging Haarlemmermeer.
Naam: ..................................................................................................................................
Adres: ..................................................................................................................................
Postcode / Woonplaats: ...........................................................................................................
Geboortedatum: .................................................. Telefoon: ................................................
Soort lid: Lid / Partner/huisgenoot / Z-lid
Datum ingang lidmaatschap: ........................................... Rondzending: JA / NEE
Ondergetekende verklaart het Maandblad Philatelie NIET te willen ontvangen, omdat hij / zij partner / huisgenoot is van naam: .................................................. lidnummer: ..............................................
of reeds ontvangt via: ..............................................................................................................
Ondergetekende verklaart zich te onderwerpen aan de Statuten, het Huishoudelijk Reglement en de overige Reglementen van de Vereniging en tevens dat hij/zij akkoord gaat met de privacyverklaring van de PZVH (AVG), zie www.pzvh.nl.
Datum: ............................................. Handtekening: .........................................................
INLEVEREN "5 CENT"- EN "2 VOOR EEN EURO"- ZEGELS
Stockboeken met 5 Cent-zegels en 2 voor een Euro-zegels kunnen bij alle bestuursleden worden ingeleverd. Onder 2 voor een Euro-zegels worden door ons de duurdere zegels verstaan met een catalogus-prijs van meer dan € 2,-. Inzenders ontvangen aan het eind van het seizoen (juni) voor iedere verkochte 5 Centzegel 4 eurocent en voor iedere verkochte 2 voor een Euro-zegel 45 eurocent. Wij rekenen op veel boeken met goed materiaal, zodat er tijdens de ruildagen en de verenigingsavonden door de vele bezoekers weer driftig ge-snuffeld kan worden.
De Spelregels:
Voor ieder boek dat u inlevert betaalt u € 0,50 BEHEERKOSTEN.
- Indien mogelijk per land, per gebied of als thema in een boek steken.
Wij kunnen dan een lijst maken waarop vermeld kan worden wat er in welk boek te vinden is, hetgeen de kopers het zoeken een stuk eenvoudiger zal maken.
- Zegels niet dakpansgewijs insteken, want dan wordt het binnen de kortste keren een janboeltje met kans op beschadiging van tanden, vouwen en scheuren van de zegels.
- Geen bulk of ramsch, want dat raakt u toch niet kwijt.
- Omschrijf voor in het boek beknopt de inhoud en vermeldt het aantal door u ingestoken zegels en uw lidmaatschapsnummer.
- Voor het door u ingeleverde aantal zegels ontvangt u, na controle, een ontvangstbewijs.
- Bij vermissing van een stockboek wordt 70% van het aantal zegels door de vereniging vergoed.
- Onder geen voorwaarde worden stockboeken met inhoud door de vereniging aangekocht.
- Inleveren van stockboeken kan op de ruildag (iedere tweede zaterdag van de maand, behalve juli en augustus), op de verenigingsavonden of bij één van de bestuursleden bij u in de buurt.
INLEVEREN "POSTSTUKKEN, FDC'S, BLOKKEN, VELLEN EN VELDELEN
Leden die "Poststukken, FDC's, Vellen en/of Veldelen" te koop willen aanbieden, kunnen deze inleveren bij het bestuur op gratis te verkrijgen kaarten van de vereniging. Op de ruildagen en verenigingsavonden kunnen bezoekers deze stukken dan rustig bekijken en eventueel kopen. Een jaar na inlevering worden de verkochte stukken met de inzender afgerend minus 10% provisie voor de vereniging. Voor meer inlichtingen: Ronald Peters (023-5613929).
VEILINGREGELS
INZENDERS
1. Kavellijsten dienen door U in 2-voud te worden ingevuld. Bij inlevering van de kavels ontvangt U 1 exemplaar afgetekend retour.
2. Alleen kavels van 100% kwaliteit worden geveild.
3. Alle kavels worden gekeurd, behalve partijtjes (meer dan 10 zegels), albums, stockboeken, dozen e.d.
4. Kavels dienen een minimum inzet-/vraagprijs van € 1,00 te hebben.
5. Voor kavels die worden afgekeurd op duidelijk zichtbare gebreken zoals vouw, scheur, slechte tanding, dunne plek, wordt € 0,35 voor administratie- en keuringskosten in rekening gebracht.
6. Van de opbrengst van de verkochte kavels wordt 5% provisie voor de vereniging ingehouden.
7. Afrekenen van de geveilde kavels vindt, indien mogelijk, plaats op de ruildag na de veiling of daarna bij de veilingmeester (na telefonische afspraak).
KOPERS
1. Indien U de verenigingsavond, om welke reden dan ook niet kunt bezoeken, maar U wilt wel meebieden tijdens de veiling, dan kunt U schriftelijk bieden. Hiervoor dient U het formulier, dat U achterin ons maandblad aantreft, uiterlijk 2 dagen voor de veiling in te leveren bij, of op te sturen aan, de veilingmeester. Op dit formulier kunt U ook aangeven wat het maximale door U te besteden bedrag mag zijn. U kunt uw biedingen natuurlijk ook per e-mail aan de veilingmeester doorgeven. Enkele dagen na de veiling wordt U door de veilingmeester geïnformeerd over het voor U behaalde resultaat.
2. Kopen nadat een kavel is geveild betekent dat de prijs met een bod wordt verhoogd.
3. De veiling geschiedt bij opbod en wel als volgt:
Van € 1,00 tot € 2,40 met € 0,10, van € 2,40 tot € 5,00 met € 0,20, van € 5,00 tot € 14,00 met € 0,50, van € 14,00 tot € 35,00 met € 1,00, van € 35,00 tot € 50,00 met € 1,50, van € 50,00 tot € 70,00 met € 2,00 en boven de € 70,00 met € 2,50.
4. Kavels die dubbel worden gekocht, worden niet retour genomen, dus opletten tijdens de veiling.
5. Kavels die door de keurmeester zijn goedgekeurd en waar toch iets aan blijkt te mankeren kunnen ALLEEN op de veilingavond zelf retour genomen worden.
6. Aan de koper wordt 5% provisie voor de vereniging in rekening gebracht.
| Datum | Activiteit | Locatie |
|-----------|-------------------------------------------------|------------------|
| 03 mei | Verenigingsavond vanaf 19.00 uur | Hoofddorp |
| 08 mei | Verenigingsavond vanaf 19.00 uur | Badhoevedorp |
| 11 mei | Ruilbeurs van 10.00 tot 16.00 uur | Hoofddorp |
| 16 mei | Verenigingsavond vanaf 19.00 uur | Nieuw-Vennep |
| 07 jun | Verenigingsavond vanaf 19.00 uur | Hoofddorp |
| 08 jun | Ruilbeurs van 10.00 tot 16.00 uur | Hoofddorp |
| 12 jun | Verenigingsavond vanaf 19.00 uur | Badhoevedorp |
| 20 jun | Verenigingsavond vanaf 19.00 uur | Nieuw-Vennep |
Verenigingsavonden in Nieuw-Vennep,
Eugenie Previnaireweg 63 (2151 BC) in Nieuw-Vennep.
Vanaf januari 2019 worden alle Badhoevedorpse activiteiten gehouden in "t Rietland", Chr. Huygensstraat 21 Badhoevedorp
Alle overige activiteiten worden gehouden in
"De Jeugd van Gisteren", Beemsterstraat 4 in Hoofddorp, telefoon 023 - 564 29 93.
Aangesloten bij het SamenwerkingsVerband Filatelie | <urn:uuid:cd9379e2-dbb5-4d1f-9748-0c6603e97b08> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/nld_Latn/train | finepdfs | nld_Latn | 72,886 |
| Red. br. | Opis plaćanja | Naziv platitelja/primatelja, Adresa, Sjedište | Kanal | Šifra namjene |
|---------|---------------|---------------------------------------------|-------|--------------|
| | Datum valute | Tčaj namirnivanja | Model i poziv na broj platitelja | Potražuje Isplata |
| | Datum izvršenja | Iznos/valuta pokrića | Model i poziv na broj primatelja | Broj za reklamaciju |
| | | | Reference banke | INT |
| | | | PRIJELAZNI RAČUN ZA FISKALNO IZRAVNANJE, ULICA GRADA VUKOVARA 10000 ZAGREB |
| 1 | 20.07.2020. | HR401001005157670100008 | RASPORED SREDSTAVA FISKALNOG IZRAVNANJA S RAČUNA POREZA I PRIREZA NA DOHODAK | HR99 |
| | | | INT | 35.560,33 |
| 2 | 20.07.2020. | HR4710010051746012001 | RASPORED SREDSTAVA SA ZBROJNIH I PROLAŽNIH RAČUNA | SZ3747073 |
| | | | POREZI PRIREZ NA DOHODAK, 10000 TRILJ | HR99 |
| | | | INT | 2.627,12 |
| 3 | 20.07.2020. | HR4242070001100511827 | Porez na potrošnju | SZ3733527 |
| | | | KRISTINA RATKOVIĆ KOD BILOG OBRT ZA, VELIČ 4 21240 VELIČ | HR99 |
| | | | INT | 204,50 |
Vrijedi do datuma: 31.12.2009
Odobreni okviri kredit:
Početno stanje: 0,00
Izvadak broj/Datum: 72 / 20.07.2020
IBAN: HR42 2390 0011 8460 0000 4
OIB: 91648398574
Valuta: HRK
| Red br. | Opis plaćanja | Naziv platitelja/primatele, Adresa, Sjedište | Kanal | Šifra namjene | Potražuje/ Uplata |
|--------|--------------|---------------------------------------------|-------|---------------|-----------------|
| | | | | | |
| 4 | HR782360001101809938 KOMUNALNA NAKNADA | LATINA, VL. IVICA BOTIĆA, KRALJA TOMISLAVA I A TRILJ | INT | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR99 | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR88 5720-15181030436 | | |
| 5 | HR121001051483000160 povrat namirenja po godišnjoj prijavi 2019 god. | DRŽAVNI PRORAČUN RH, ZAGREB ZAGREB | INT | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR00 1746012001 | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR24 98954-200616-999 | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | 21208277 | | |
| 6 | HR311001051700029633 RASPOREDI SREDSTAVA SA ZBROJNIH I PROLAZNIH RAČUNA | NAKZA ZADR.NEZAKONITO IZGRAD.ZGRADE U.P. 10000 ZAGREB | INT | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR68 1619-10634851623 | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR68 7708-10634851523 | | |
| 7 | HR471001051746012001 RASPOREDI SREDSTAVA SA ZBROJNIH I PROLAZNIH RAČUNA | POREZ PRIREZ NA DOHODAK, 10000 TRILJ | INT | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR05 4600 | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR99 | | |
| 8 | HR242360001101310875 JAMSTVO ZA OZB.PONUDE -NAB.ELEK.,OPREME NV-04/20 | HT D.D. RADNIČKA CESTA 21 ZAGREB | INT | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR00 1100068938 | | |
| | 20.07.2020 | | HR68 7242-91648398574 | | |
| 9 | Iznos zapljenjenih sredstava: 0 | | | | |
| | Iznos rezervacija: 0,00 | | | | |
| | Raspoloživo stanje: 4.058.889,40 | | | | |
Molimo Vas da eventualne reklamacije zbog pogrešnog odobrenja ili zaduženja računa dostavite u roku 8 dana.
Ovaj izvadak je tiskan na elektroničkom računu, te je pravovaljan bez pečata i potpisa.
Novo stanje: | <urn:uuid:7265552a-6708-4241-9edd-63bf33eae589> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/hrv_Latn/train | finepdfs | hrv_Latn | 5,150 |
Oppsummering
Utvalg for tjenestetyper i Adresseregisteret
Møte
8/2018
Dato
19.11.2018
Til stede
Annebeth Askevold (Direktoratet for e-helse)
Gry Seland (Direktoratet for e-helse)
Anita Lorck (Direktoratet for e-helse)
Gro Wangensteen (Forvaltningssenter EPJ – representerer Helse Nord)
Rut Naversen (St. Olavs hospital)
Jeanette Wiger (Sykehuspartner – representerer Helse Sør-Øst) (deltok i første halvdel av møtet)
Robin Sterlin Øverland (Sykehuspartner – representerer Helse Sør- Øst)
Wenche Aarland (Norsk Helsenett)
Susanne Prøsch (Legeforeningen)
Irene Henriksen Aune (Arendal kommune)
Egil Rasmussen (Stavanger kommune)
Atle Betten (Kristiansund kommune)
Mette Herstein Monsen (Helse Vest)
Observatør
Magnus Alsaker (Direktoratet for e-helse, Avd. standardisering), Vigdis Heimly (Direktoratet for e-helse, EPJ-løftet)
Frafall
Anne Marit Rennemo (Oslo kommune), Mona Pedersen (Lenvik kommune)
Sak 27/18
Tjenestebasert adressering for fastleger
Hovedpunkter fra diskusjonen
Utvalget mener at meldinger bør knyttes til pasienten, og at legekontorene internt må kunne håndtere fordeling til ansvarlig person
Det er ikke aktuelt for HF og kommuner å adressere på nivå 3
Kan god bruk av fraværsassistent understøtte intern arbeidsflyt?
Det var et ønske om felles retningslinjer for bruk av fraværsassistent
Kommuner og HF bruker mye tid på feilsendinger på grunn av ulik bruk av fraværsassistent
Utvalget støtter innføring av bruk av referanser for å koble meldinger
Utvalget støtter innføring av flere tjenestetyper, f.eks. «Fastlegestøtte», Fysioterapi, mv.
Utvalget ønsker innføring av tjenestetypen Fastlege, liste uten fast lege så snart som mulig
men det kreves mer tid for avklaring på hvilke tjenestetyper som bør benyttes
For fastlegetjeneste foreslås det å benytte Fastlegetjeneste + fastlegenavn for å tydeliggjøre at det er tjenesten knyttet til ansvaret «listeeier» har
Det ble ikke tid til å diskutere nye tjenestetyper, så dette vil bli tatt opp igjen på et senere tidspunkt. | <urn:uuid:c2ff3e88-4d6a-4280-b71a-3e13a9c40284> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/nob_Latn/train | finepdfs | nob_Latn | 2,030 |
MINISTERSTVO VNÚTRA SLOVENSKEJ REPUBLIKY
Výcvikové centrum HaZZ Lešť
Plán účasti príslušníkov HaZZ na rok 2019/2020 (1. polrok)
Mesiac
September
2019
Október
2019
November
2019
December
2019
| T | Termín | I. družstvo | II. družstvo | III. družstvo | IV. družstvo | V. družstvo | Počet príslušníkov |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 37 | 9.9 - 12.9. | PO | KE | BB | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 38 | 16.9 - 19.9. | PO | KE | TN | TT | NR | 30 |
| 39 | 23.9 - 26.9. | PO | KE | BB | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 40 | 30.9 - 3.10. | PO | KE | BB | TN | NR | 30 |
| 41 | 7.10 - 10.10. | PO | HS PL | TT | BA | ZB MA | 30 |
| 42 | 14.10 - 17.10. | PO | KE | BB | NR | ZA | 30 |
| 43 | 21.10 - 24.10. | PO | KE | BB | BA | TN | 30 |
| 44 | 28.10. - 31.10. | PO | KE | BB | TN | ZA | 30 |
| 45 | 4.11 - 7.11. | BB | KE | TT | BA | NR | 30 |
| 46 | 11.11 - 14.11. | PO | KE | NR | TN | ZA | 30 |
| 47 | 18.11 - 21.11. | PO | TT | BB | BA | NR | 30 |
| 48 | 25.11 - 28.11. | ZB HE | KE | BB | TN | ZA | 30 |
| 49 | 2.12 - 5.12. | PO | ZB ZA | TT | BA | NR | 30 |
| 50 | 9.12 - 12.12. | PO | KE | BB | TN | ZA | 30 |
| 51 | 16.12 - 19.12. | TT | KE | BB | BA | NR | 30 |
29 x týdňový výcvik 155 zúčastnených družstiev v zložení 6 príslušníkov 930 príslušníkov absolvujúcich týždenný výcvik
| 7 | 10.2 - 16.2 | PO | KE | BB | TN | ZA | 30 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 17.2 - 23.2 | PO | ZB MA | TT | BA | NR | 30 |
| 9 | 24.2 - 1.3 | ZB HE | TN | BB | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 11 | 9.3 - 12.3. | PO | KE | BB | BA | NR | 30 |
| 12 | 16.3 - 19.3. | PO | HS PL | TT | TN | ZA | 30 |
| 15 | 6.4 - 9.4. | TT | KE | BB | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 17 | 20.4 - 23.4. | PO | KE | BB | BA | NR | 30 |
| 20 | 11.5 - 14.5. | PO | KE | NR | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 21 | 18.5 - 21.5. | PO | TT | BB | TN | ZA | 30 |
| 23 | 1.6 - 4.6. | PO | KE | BB | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 24 | 8.6 - 11.6 | TT | TN | NR | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 26 | 22.6 - 25.6. | PO | KE | BB | BA | ZA | 30 |
| 29 | 13.7 - 16.7 | PO | KE | BB | ZB MA | TT | 30 |
| 31 | 27.7 - 30.7 | PO | KE | NR | BA | ZA | 30 | | <urn:uuid:3baabf37-117c-43bd-ab0f-d4ecefb13622> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/slk_Latn/train | finepdfs | slk_Latn | 2,033 |
TRIBUNALE DI ROMA
X SEZIONE PENALE
Palazzo di Giustizia, Piazzale Clodio - 00195 – Roma
Edificio B Piano II
tel. 0638705134 fax 0639736094
PEC: email@example.com
Udienza 1 Collegio (Presidente dott.ssa Capri) del 15.5.2020
Procedimenti che verranno trattati nell'aula 10 collegiale 1 piano edificio A
| Numero Fascicolo | Data |
|---|---|
| PM:N2016/000468- | 15/05/2020 09:00 |
| GIP:N2016/030523- | |
| DIB:N2019/006909 | |
| PM:N2020/008189- GIP:- | 15/05/2020 10:00 |
| DIB:N2020/003614 | |
| PM:N2017/004738- | 15/05/2020 10:00 |
| GIP:N2017/019924- | |
| DIB:N2019/011985 | |
| PM:N2014/034164- | 15/05/2020 11:00 |
| GIP:N2017/023449- | |
| DIB:N2018/008970 | |
| PM:N2019/019843- | 15/05/2020 12:00 |
|---|---|
| GIP:N2019/014386- | |
| DIB:N2019/012861 | |
Procedimenti rinviati: | <urn:uuid:84739099-9125-47d5-a172-1d7501caa70d> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 810 |
1) Az alkalmazás célja:
Gyorsfutás
2) A játék leírása:
A tanulók szétszórtan helyezkednek el a területen. Létszámtól függően 4-6 fogó középen (lehetőleg a kezdőkörben) áll. A fogók sorrendjét számozással jelöljük. Sípjelre az 1-es számú üldöző kezdi a játékot. A körből kifutva megpróbál valakit megfogni. Erre fél percig van lehetősége. Ha senkit sem sikerül elérni, visszamegy a körbe, a következő fogó indul tovább. Ha sikerül a megfogás, a megfogott játékosból lesz az üldöző, a fogó társasághoz megy a körbe, az eredeti fogó pedig a menekülők közé áll be. Kit nem sikerült megfogni a játékidő alatt?
3) Szabályok:
a) A fogó több menekülőt is üldözhet, vagy a rendelkezésre álló idő alatt csak egyvalakit kergethet, de ekkor a következő fogónak mást kell üldözni.
4) Térrajz:
5) Szerszükséglet:
a) -
6) Variációk:
a) Csoportfogó jelleggel. A körben csak a fogócsapat tartózkodik. Sikeres megfogáskor is a fogó megy vissza. A megfogott játékos vagy kiesik a játékból, vagy továbbra is játékban marad (de a következő fogó őt nem üldözheti). Mennyi idő alatt sikerül a többieket megfogni, illetve adott idő alatt mennyi „találatot" érnek el?
7) Megjegyzések, metodikai tanácsok:
A következő fogó indulása kézre ütés után, vagy a játékvezető sípjelére is történhet.
VÁLTÓ FOGÓ | <urn:uuid:e505e796-ab02-4a31-bc63-1ee3d0668944> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/hun_Latn/train | finepdfs | hun_Latn | 1,289 |
CORPORATE PROFILE – Megan Buntine
Megan is principal of Megan J Buntine Consulting Services and her mission is to build the capability of organisations and individuals through the work she does.
Megan has worked and volunteered across the government and not-for-profit sectors for more than 30 years, as well as running her own small businesses over the past 20 years.
Megan specialises in supporting not-for-profit organisations, small businesses, and individuals with:
* Organisational Governance
* Compliance Management
* Strategic Planning
* Board Evaluation
* Executive Coaching
* Succession Planning
* Board Mentoring
* Quality Assurance and Improvement
* Risk Audits
* Tailored Training
* Networking Events
* Board Development
Megan's qualifications include a Bachelor of Science from the University of Melbourne, a Diploma of Government (Management), a Certificate IV in Training and Assessment, a Certificate IV in Occupational Health and Safety, a Certificate IV in Governance, and a Certificate IV in Disability (equivalent).
She is a trained lead auditor, an SAI Global-preferred consultant, and has completed the Company Director's Course with the Australian Institute of Company Directors.
Megan has previously been awarded a Victorian government Occupational Health and Safety scholarship, she has also been nominated for a Department of Human Services Valuing Achievement Award, and she is proud to be a volunteer citizen advocate for a man with multiple and complex needs – a role she has served in for more than 25 years.
Megan has also served on a number of boards, in a variety of roles. She is currently a Board Director with the Into Our Hand Community Foundation, a director with Alipine Valleys Community Leadership, and an Independent Non-Executive Director with Morcare Services. In recent years she was a Director on the Alexandra District Health board, Board Secretary for Rivers and Ranges Community Leadership, and a Board Member with the Victorian Public Tenants' Association.
Megan writes and speaks on a range of topics for a variety of audiences.
Megan has worked extensively in the areas of:
* legislative compliance, specifically regarding:
o Incorporated Associations
o Disability Services
o Privacy
o Health and Safety
o Human Rights
* quality management, including:
o the Quality Framework for Disability Services in Victoria
o the Promoting Better Practice program
* people management of large and small teams
* project management for state and local government, and in the not-for-profit sector
*
recruitment, induction, training and performance management
* contract management for state government
Some of Megan's career highlights include:
* Creating and rolling out the 'Governance Basics for Committees and Boards' organisational governance training and support program for not-for-profit organisations across Victoria and interstate
* Delivering a package of governance training, strategic planning, and implementation support, for not-for-profit organisations across Wellington Shire, in partnership with Wellington Shire Council and the Victorian government Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning
* Providing governance training to Men's Shed representatives across Tasmania, in partnership with the Tasmanian Men's Shed Association
* Development and delivery of 'Supporting individuals to create a life that is meaningful to them' – a workshop to educate support workers in the health and community services sector in how to work in a more person-centred way and how to facilitate self-direction for the people they support
* Supporting the (then) Victorian Department of Human Services (DHS) to prepare for audit against the Standards for Disability Services in Victoria
* Conducting an investigation into significant issues occurring at a Victorian Group Home for people with disability
* Supporting the establishment of the innovative Choice In Living program for people with disability in regional Victoria
* Leading preparation for audit against the Standards for Disability Services in Victoria for the Dame Pattie Menzies Centre
* Community sector training for Mitchell Shire Council, Yarra Ranges Council, Hume City Council, Indigo Shire Council, Strathbogie Shire Council, and Wellington Shire Council
* Delivering accredited training programs for Registered Training Organisations
* Policy development and Rules reviews for both the Gateway Local Learning and Employment Network (LLEN), and the Hume Whittlesea LLEN
*
Policy development and staff training for Nadrasca Community
* Staff training for the Dame Pattie Menzies Centre
* Developing the Operational Managers' Resource Kit for Disability Accommodation Services, DHS
* Systems development/event coordination for the Australian Sparkling Wine Show
* Business development and planning for Australian Food Hygiene Services
* Portfolio management for DHS in the areas of: Quality, Privacy, Occupational Health and Safety, Human Rights, Workforce Strategy, and Business Systems | <urn:uuid:800adaf4-0576-40a5-938f-d4e0358a098f> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 5,020 |
Metodă de selectare a genotipurilor de tomate rezistente la secetă, care include colectarea florilor complet deschise de fiecare genotip, separarea polenului din antere, cultivarea unei părţi de polen pe un mediu nutritiv pentru martor, conţinând, g/L:
zaharoză 145…155
acid boric 0,5…0,7
apă distilată restul
şi cultivarea unei alte părţi de polen pe un mediu nutritiv pentru probă, care modelează condiţiile de secetă, conţinând, g/L:
zaharoză 395…405
acid boric 0,5…0,7
apă distilată restul,
determinarea viabilităţii polenului la martor şi la probă prin raportul dintre numărul de grăuncioare de polen germinate şi numărul de grăuncioare analizate, exprimat în procente, calcularea indicilor rezistenţei polenului prin raportul viabilităţii polenului la probă către martor, exprimat în procente, fiind selectate genotipurile, care au indicii de rezistenţă mai mari. | <urn:uuid:e2d3d9fc-778e-4b1b-9825-b518d439ff78> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ron_Latn/train | finepdfs | ron_Latn | 877 |
11:30 hs.
12:00 hs.
domingo 10
Aidee Balderas (Secretaría de Cultura, Dirección General de Culturas Populares),
Presentación editorial:
Aclarando amanece.
Martín Dagio, Hugo Reynoso y don Epifanio Merlán, Gusto por Tierra Caliente Modera: Flordalia Barajas
Conversaciones con don Heraclio Alvarado Presentación fonográfica:
Plaza Benito Juárez, a un costado de la Catedral de Morelia
12:30 hs. 13:30 HS.
Gusto por Tierra Caliente Cielo Tixtleco
Conciertos
Conduce: Adrián Orozco (ENES, Unidad Morelia) Plaza Benito Juárez, a un costado de la Catedral de Morelia
SEDES:
Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores,
Col. Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta
Unidad Morelia:
Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701
Morelia, Michoacán
Facultad Popular de Bellas Artes, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo:
Calle Guillermo Prieto 87, Centro Histórico Morelia, Michoacán
Centro Cultural El Faro, Tiripetío:
Domicilio conocido, plaza principal de Tiripetío Tenencia de Morelia
Plaza Kópikwa CREFAL, Pátzcuaro:
Calle Dr. Coss 12, Centro Pátzcuaro, Michoacán
UNAM Centro Cultural Morelia:
Av. Acueducto 19, esquina Calzada Fray Antonio de San Miguel, Centro Histórico Morelia, Michoacán
Plaza Benito Juárez:
a un costado de la Catedral de Morelia, Centro Histórico
inscripciones talleres:
(443) 317 44 71
firstname.lastname@example.org
UNAM Centro Cultural Morelia:
Av. Acueducto 19, esquina Calzada Fray Antonio de San Miguel, Centro Histórico Morelia, Michoacán
Programa general junio 2018
DEL 4 AL 8
TALLERES
Lunes 4 y MARTES 5 17:00 A 20:00 hS.
MARTES 5 A jueves 7 16:30 a 19:30 hs.
Miércoles 6 y jueves 7 11:00 - 14:00 hS.
jueves 7 10:00 a 13:00 Y 16:00 a 19:00 hs.
viernes 8 10:00 a 13:00 hs.
Taller de zapateado de Tixtla, Guerrero
y Alondra Sinaí Bernabé
Zyanya Nallely Analco Cipriano scuela
acional de
E
N
E
studios uperiores
nidad orelia
(
)
S
, U
M
frente
a
la cafetería
Taller de son de Tierra Caliente
C
Martín Dagio Almonte (guitarra de golpe y vihuela) Alain Figueroa Ziranda (violín y tololoche)
entro ultural
l
aro
T
C
E
F,
iripetío
Taller de zapateado de Tixtla, Guerrero
Zyanya Nallely Analco Cipriano y Alondra Sinaí Bernabé Plaza Kópikwa CREFAL, Pátzcuaro
Taller de repentismo para improvisadores
Samuel Aguilera entro
ultural
UNAM C
C
M
orelia
Taller de son huasteco
(violín, jarana y huapanguera)
Soraima y sus Huastecos
F
acultad
P
opular de
B
ellas rtes
A
, UMSNH
10:00 hS.
11:30 hs.
12:30 hs.
13:30 hS.
19:00 hS. 20:00 hs.
21:00 hs.
VIERNES
8
Mesa redonda. Música tradicional, rituales y costumbres
Tuxtepec Oaxaca, Sotavento mejicano"
Samuel Aguilera:
"Salutaciones a San Juan:
Ángel Ramírez Ortuño (Cambio de Michoacán):
Honorio Rivera:
"Los caballos bailadores"
"El baile de tabla en Huetamo"
Modera: Santiago Cortés (LANMO-ENES, Unidad
F
P
Morelia)
acultad
B
A
, UMSNH
de ellas
rtes opular
Conferencia magistral
"Los sones mexicanos en lenguas indígenas"
Fernando Nava (UNAM):
Modera: Diana Tamara Martínez Ruiz
F
P
B
A
, UMSNH
(ENES, Unidad Morelia)
acultad opular
de ellas
rtes
Conversatorio con don Silvano García y don Vicente Murillo Barajas, homenajeados
F
Modera: Ireri Mejía Almonte acultad
opular de
ellas
P
B
A
, UMSNH
rtes
Presentación del sello discográfico del Laboratorio Nacional de Materiales Orales
Santiago Cortés (LANMO-ENES, Unidad Morelia)
Berenice Granados, Diego Romero y
F
P
B
acultad opular
de ellas
A
rtes
, UMSNH
Concierto inaugural. homenaje a don Silvano García y don Vicente Murillo Barajas
Soraima y sus Huastecos
Los Jilguerillos del Huerto
Conduce: Adrián Orozco (ENES, Unidad Morelia)
Fandango
Plaza Benito Juárez, a un costado de la Catedral de Morelia
Conduce: Flordalia Barajas
10:30 hS.
12:00 hS.
13:30 hS.
19:00 hS. 20:00 hS.
21:00 hS.
SÁBADO
9
Mesa redonda. Tradición, folklore y baile regional
"Danza folklórica… ¿Ser o no ser?"
Isolda Rendón Garduño (Universidad de Colima):
Gerardo Méndez (Casa de la Cultura de Morelia):
Claudio Naranjo (Centro Cultural Naranjo):
"Tradición y folklore: afluentes y divergencias"
"¿Y yo por qué? Experiencias en la enseñanza del baile y la música tradicionales"
F
P
B
A
, UMSNH
Modera: Paulina Grajeda acultad
opular de
ellas rtes
Conversatorio con don Nicolás Santos, músico de tamborita
Modera: Nallely Torres Ayala
Presentan: Ranferi Hernández y Jaime Mier (músicos)
(ENES, Unidad Morelia)
acultad
F
P
B
A
, UMSNH
opular de
ellas rtes
Mesa redonda. Reinterpretaciones de la música tradicional
Universidad Mayor de Chile):
"La música en las
Natalia Bieletto (Universidad de Guanajuato/
carpas de la ciudad de México (1890-1930):
Miguel Ángel Villa (FPBA, UMSNH):
Tradición, revolución y modas musicales"
"Estética, corporeidad y representación de la danza de negritos de Tingambato"
"Con el fandango a cuestas. O desde dónde pensar otras narrativas posibles del movimiento jaranero"
Álvaro Alcántara (Centro INAH Veracruz):
Raúl Eduardo González (FL, UMSNH): "Son y fandango en la obra de José Rubén Romero"
F
P
B
A
, UMSNH
Modera: Érika Medellín Damián acultad
opular de
ellas rtes
Conciertos
Conduce: Adrián Orozco (ENES, Unidad Morelia)
Los Caporales de Santa Ana Amatlán Los Vega
Fandango
Plaza Benito Juárez, a un costado de la Catedral de Morelia
Conduce: Flordalia Barajas | <urn:uuid:184145d9-db15-44a4-84eb-d38f2615b9ce> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/spa_Latn/train | finepdfs | spa_Latn | 5,400 |
Neformalni sastanak ministara nadležnih za obrazovanja zemalja članica Europske unije
Pariz, 17. ožujka 2015. godine
Deklaracija o promicanju građanstva i zajedničkih vrijednosti slobode, tolerancije i nediskriminacije kroz obrazovanje
(U svjetlu izjave članova Europskog vijeća nakon njihovog neformalnog sastanka 12. veljače 2015. godine)
Mi, ministri nadležni za obrazovanje te Povjerenik za obrazovanje, kulturu, mlade i sport, izjavljujemo sljedeće:
Kao odgovor na terorističke napade u Francuskoj i Danskoj ranije ove godine, te podsjećajući na slične zločine u Europi u nedavnoj prošlosti, potvrđujemo svoju odlučnost da stanemo rame uz rame u podršci temeljnim vrijednostima koje leže u središtu Europske unije: poštivanje ljudskog dostojanstva, slobode (uključujući slobodu izražavanja), demokracije, jednakosti, vladavina prava i poštivanje ljudskih prava. Ove vrijednosti su zajedničke državama članicama europskog društva u kojem vladaju pluralizam, nediskriminacija, tolerancija, pravda, solidarnost i jednakost između žena i muškaraca. Neposredan odgovor naših zemalja bio je izvanredan. Sada je vrijeme za sljedeći korak.
U Europi postoji ponosna povijest prevladavanja nedaća te se opet moramo izdignuti na razinu izazova za jačanjem europskog duha slobode, duha koji cijeni kritično mišljenje jednako kao i poštivanje drugih, u skladu s vrijednostima Unije. Glavni izazov s kojim se suočavamo u očuvanju naših pluralističkih društava poziva na poduzimanje konkretnih akcija na europskoj, nacionalnoj, regionalnoj i lokalnoj razini. Kao ministri odgovorni za obrazovanje, i kao europski Povjerenik, imamo posebnu dužnost osigurati da se humanističke i građanske vrijednosti koje dijelimo čuvaju i prenesu na buduće generacije. I dalje smo ujedinjeni u našim nastojanjima da promičemo slobodu mišljenja i izražavanja misli, socijalnu uključenost i poštivanje drugih, kao i to da sprječavamo i suzbijamo diskriminaciju u svim njezinim oblicima.
Stoga pozivamo na obnavljanje napora da pojačamo poučavanje i prihvaćanje tih zajedničkih temeljnih vrijednosti i postavljanje temelja za društva s većom uključenošću kroz edukaciju počevši od rane dobi. Primarna svrha obrazovanja nije samo razvijanje znanja, vještina, sposobnosti i stavova te ugradnja temeljnih vrijednosti, nego i pomoći mladim ljudima - u uskoj suradnji s roditeljima i obiteljima - da postanu aktivni, odgovorni i članovi društva otvorenog uma.
Djeca i mladi predstavljaju našu budućnost i moraju biti u mogućnosti da tu budućnost i oblikuju. Moramo ujediniti naše napore za sprječavanje i borbu protiv marginalizacije, netolerancije, rasizma i radikalizacije i sačuvati okvir jednakih mogućnosti za sve. Moramo je graditi na smislu za inicijativu i pozitivan doprinos koji djeca i mladi mogu pružiti kroz sudjelovanje, u isto vrijeme potvrđujući zajedničke temeljne vrijednosti na kojima se naše demokracije temelje. To je plemeniti izazov kojeg se moramo potruditi postići zajedno.
NA NACIONALNOJ, REGIONALNOJ I LOKALNOJ RAZINI
Slažemo se s jačanjem aktivnosti u području obrazovanja u cilju:
1. Jačanja ključnog doprinosa koje obrazovanje pruža osobnom razvoju, socijalnoj uključenosti i sudjelovanju, prenoseći temeljne vrijednosti i načela koja predstavljaju temelj našeg društva;
2. Osiguravanja inkluzivnog obrazovanja za svu djecu i mlade, čime se bori protiv rasizma i diskriminacije po bilo kojoj osnovi, promiče državljanstvo te ih uči da razumiju i prihvaćaju razlike u mišljenjima, uvjerenjima, vjerovanjima i načinu života, poštujući vladavinu prava, različitost i ravnopravnost spolova;
3. Jačanja sposobnosti djece i mladih da misle kritički i vježbaju prosuđivanje tako da su, osobito u kontekstu interneta i društvenih medija, u stanju prihvatiti stvarnost, razlikovati činjenice od mišljenja, prepoznati propagandu i oduprijeti se svim oblicima indoktrinacije i govora mržnje;
4. Suzbijanja zemljopisne, socijalne i obrazovne nejednakosti, kao i drugih čimbenika koji mogu dovesti do očaja i stvoriti plodno tlo za ekstremizam, pružajući svoj djeci i mladima potrebna znanja, vještine i kompetencije za izgradnju vlastite profesionalne budućnosti i puta do uspjeha u društvu, te poticanje mjera za smanjenje ranog napuštanja škole i poboljšanja društvene i profesionalne integracije svih mladih;
5. Poticanja dijaloga i suradnje među svim dionicima u obrazovanju, osobito roditelja, obitelji i pridruženih struktura, nadogradnje na smisao za inicijativu i uključenost djece i mladih, kako bi jačali socijalne veze i generirali osjećaj pripadnosti ;
6. Osnaživanja nastavnika kako bi bili u stanju preuzeti aktivan stav protiv svih oblika diskriminacije i rasizma, educirati djecu i mlade medijskoj pismenosti, kako bi zadovoljili potrebe učenika iz različitih sredina, prenijeli zajedničke temeljne vrijednosti te kako bi sprječavali i borili se protiv rasizma i netolerancije.
NA EUROPSKOJ RAZINI
Iako odgovornost za obrazovne sustave i njihov sadržaj snose države članice, suradnja na razini EU u ovom području će biti korisna pri rješavanju zajedničkih izazova s kojima se Europa suočava. Postoji hitna potreba za suradnjom i koordinacijom, za razmjenom iskustava, a sve to kako bi se osiguralo da se najbolje ideje i prakse mogu dijeliti u cijeloj Europskoj uniji, u cilju:
1. Osiguravanja da djeca i mladi stječu društvene, građanske i interkulturalne kompetencije, promicanjem demokratskih vrijednosti i temeljnih prava, socijalne uključenosti i nediskriminacije, kao i aktivnog građanstva;
2. Jačanja kritičkog mišljenja i medijske pismenosti, osobito u korištenju interneta i društvenih medija, tako da se razvija otpornost na sve oblike diskriminacije i indoktrinacije;
3. Poticanja obrazovanja ugrožene djece i mladih, na način da se osigura zadovoljavanje njihovih potreba kroz naše sustave obrazovanja i obučavanja;
4. Promicanja interkulturalnog dijaloga kroz sve oblike obrazovanja u suradnji s drugim relevantnim dionicima i interesnim skupinama.
Navedeni ciljevi mogu se podržati kroz:
- 'ET2020' strateški okvir, preko njegovih prioriteta, učenje od kolega, razmjenu i širenje dobre prakse;
- Erasmus+ programa, posebice kroz podršku koju pruža za mobilnost učenika i nastavnika, strateško partnerstvo, platformi za suradnju obrazovnih institucija, kao i onih za dijalog i zajedničke projekte obrazovanja građana, volontiranje i razmjenu mladih;
kao i :
- ostale strategije i instrumente financiranja na razini EU, u područjima vezanim uz obrazovanje, kao što su Obzor 2020. (konkretno područja ''Društveni izazovi" te "Znanost za i s društvom") i okvirom za europsku suradnju u području mladih, istražujući mogućnosti suradnje između obrazovanja i drugih relevantnih područja, kao što su kultura, sport, zapošljavanje, socijalna skrb, sigurnosti i drugih aspekata rada na socijalnoj uključenosti;
- poticanje otvorenosti i suradnje s civilnim društvom i socijalnim partnerima;
- istraživanje sinergije s trenutnim područjem rada Vijeća Europe u području građanskog odgoja i obrazovanja i interkulturalnog razumijevanja.
Pozivamo Vijeća za obrazovanje, mlade, kulturu i sport da na svojoj sjednici 18. - 19. svibnja 2015. raspravi o nastavku ove Deklaracije.
Prijevod: Pragma
©
. Originalni tekst Deklaracije je dostupan na:
http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/education_culture/repository/education/news/2015/documents/citizenship-education- declaration_en.pdf .
Zagreb, 2016. | <urn:uuid:128e05e0-2f80-45f7-8299-cdd5f7794d93> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/hrv_Latn/train | finepdfs | hrv_Latn | 7,407 |
LATERZA COLLECTION
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HEALTHCARE AUSTRALIA ECONOMIC STRATEGY
Overview
While India has a well-developed and globally recognized tertiary healthcare system, India's primary healthcare system requires significant technological and infrastructural upgrades to ensure equal access to quality healthcare facilities across the country
Areas such as trauma care and disaster management are also at a formative stage in India
Further, India is expected to have more than 340 million people over the age of 60 years by 2050 which entails the presence of a sound aged-care ecosystem
India's strengths in the IT sector have led it to emerge as a popular destination for medical coding for healthcare providers in developed countries
India is home to several large hospital chains that draw medical tourists, largely from the Middle East, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Kenya, Maldives, Tanzania etc. for specialized cost-effective tertiary treatments, cosmetic surgeries and dental procedures
India's healthcare system requires significant technological and infrastructural upgrades
The Australian healthcare system on account of significant government expenditure and its universal health insurance scheme – Medicare, offers accessible and quality healthcare services to its citizens
Australia's well-rounded healthcare ecosystem is also an outcome of its independent government funded Primary Health Networks that enable seamless flow of information across healthcare providers in the country
Australia's healthcare sector is highly focused on preventive care and early disease detection
Australia also has a well-developed aged care system
However, medical procedures such as hip replacements, dental care, spinal surgeries, etc. and expert consultations are expensive in Australia
Australia's healthcare sector is highly focused on preventive care and early disease detection
Key Opportunities
Collaboration with Australia in healthcare will ensure affordable healthcare offerings to both countries
The below opportunities have been identified in the Australia Economic Strategy Report:
a. Adopting Australian healthcare best practices in India, especially in primary healthcare
b. Collaborating on medical coding and data analytics
c. Collaboration with Australian hospitals to gain from Australian expertise in areas such as hospital governance, disaster management, trauma care, mental health and disease detection
d. Collaborating with Australia to facilitate development of healthcare education and training programs in India
e. Leveraging Australia's expertise in creating a developed aged care model for India
f. Entering into a two-fold partnership for medical devices with Australia in which Indian companies can leverage Australian medical technologies while providing low cost manufacturing solutions to their Australian counterparts.
g. Promoting med-tech related collaborations between the two countries
h. Increasing expert consultations from India
i. Collaborating on cancer detection and research
j. Promoting and developing India as a medical tourism hub for Australians | <urn:uuid:e9e27204-6ef8-482c-b097-2b1515c83aaa> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 3,053 |
Australia's history as I understand the 20 th Century
January 1901 witnessed the birth of Australia when six British colonies decided to federate and become six self-constituted states and become, "The Commonwealth of Australia". Before this, each colony has its colonial administration with governors controlled and administered through the British Colonial Office, and each "had done their own thing", and since Federation, one would be forgiven for saying nothing has changed.
Since January 1901 each state has adopted their self-centred colonial powers, under its constitution. Nationally one thing changed they made their laws and regulations for governance within their state boundaries, and the national government granted powers to govern those matters outside the state boundaries.
So, for the next nearly forty years, everything seemed to be satisfactory until 1939/1942 when Japan entered the war in partnership with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. Suddenly Australia was threatened by invasion from Japan, and each state only has rudiment industrial manufacturing capacity for itself, nationally there was no overarching collective manufacturing and minimum ability to support itself in a war with Japan. Militarily it relied on Great Britain, the Motherland, for all war material, there were naval ships, owned by Great Britain but named the Royal Australian Navy crewed by Australian officers and ratings, this remained the case until early 1960.
Suddenly Australia tooled up to manufacture weapons, aircraft, small naval combat vessels and military vehicles all aligned with similar British war industrial efforts.
After the defeat of Germany, Italy and Japan, Australia ceased to be a teenage nation and very quickly became an adult.
The war effort awoke the nation to the need for vehicles and farm machinery, exploration and development by miners for iron ore, coal, oil and uranium. We increased our farming
exports of wool, chilled meats, fruit etc. because Europe especially needed food and was required to rebuild after WW2.
Australia post-WW2 was the boom-town on this side of the world. It manufactured everything needed for a modern, growing nation. We produced pins and needles, cars and trucks, just about everything we needed, including clothes, blankets and shoes. But there was a significant limiter to the national effort, the division between the states. Each and all, cutting each other throats to increase its wealth.
So, what happened to kill-off this exciting era of sustainability and progress?
Europe decided to develop what was called "The Common Market" an internal national marketing system between member states. Britain joined and was limited to trading within the 'common market' nations.
Trade between the British Empire nations like India, South Africa, Canada, Australian and New Zealand, these Commonwealth nations were cast aside because this European trading system that was later to develop into the governance of all member state with the creation of the European Union Assembly (EU).
At about the same time the United Nation (UN) (created in 1948) established Globalisation, an international scheme for its members to trade with each for the benefits of developing nations. Australia soon lost its manufacturing base as national and global companies moved to establish factories and to manufacture in developing countries with cheaper labour as the Unions in Australia demanded more and priced themselves out of the labour market.
AS a result of the EU and UN (with its goal of a New World Order (NWO), manufacturing and heavy industries collapsed, we now do not manufacture any pins and needles or participate in vehicle manufacturing.
Australia in the Twenty-first Century, for me, is now a second-class nation, exporting minerals and primary production for the rest of the global manufacturing empires and imports all our household needs except food. We are no longer the advance developing nation was we were for thirty years after the 1939-45 war.
Australia was on the way to being self-sustainable for only thirty years, about a quarter of a century, we are "back from the future into the nineteen-thirties".
So now eight decades on Australia cannot sustain itself nor defend its shores and why? We have allowed politics to rule us with their manipulative policies and use of the media not for a national agenda for us, the people of Australia, but for their political agenda to gain strength and power. We are not alone. The USA, Canada and the United Kingdom have the same history. It has been like circus elephants grasping the tail of the one in front and following the same path.
So, Australia in eight decades had turned its calendar back to where we were eighty years ago, nineteen-thirty-nine.
Where to from here?
What are Australia's future and destiny?
Can Australia be self-sustainable, self-defendable, maintain its middle power in a global environment by the turn of the next century? Advance and progress the people as was the possibility half a century ago, or muddle and fuddle along and be left further behind the others in the next eighty years?
Here is my vision for the next Eighty Years.
I have to start when I arrived in Australia. My family migrated from South Africa arriving at Albany in January of 1954. I was then thirteen years old and just beginning the puberty blues. Western Australia had a one-track rail line crossing east across the Nullabor Plain to Adelaide. Flying interstate was only for the richest. There were a two and a half thousand miles (nearly 4,000 kilometres) of unsealed road from Kalgoorlie to Adelaide. The only economical freight and people movers between the west and the eastern states was by ship.
Now in twenty-nineteen for most travellers between Perth and The East is a three to fourhour jet flight. It takes about four days by bitumen sealed highways, and about the same by
modern airconditioned rail. But has the nation governance changed in one-hundred and eighteen years?
Australia in twenty-thousand and nineteen is not the nation it was in nineteen-thirty-nine although still governed as it was in at Federation in nineteen Oh-one. There are six independent constitutional states and now two territories, the Australian Capital Territory, the seat of the Australian Government with a territory administration being governed like the other six states, as is the Northern Territory with Darwin its capital and seat of its Administration.
Two steelworks are remaining are located at Port Kembla in NSW and Whyalla in SA. Newcastle had the nation's most significant major national steel production works closed in September 1999, after eighty-fours years of steel production.
We now have a minimal industrial manufacturing capability, no motor industry, a thriving agricultural output and massive exports of iron ore, coal and liquified petroleum gas.
Like in nineteen-thirty-nine, the nation cannot survive without importing all its wants and needs except food. It cannot defend itself should the 21st century Communist nation of China do what the Japanese did in nineteen-forty-two.
We are now a nation of twenty-five million, over three times that eighty years ago.
The nation's character, culture and ethos are no longer a strong British Pacific outpost but a multicultural society with growing Asian, India and Muslim communities, we are becoming a non-white majority people nation.
Governance is still similar to the time of federation, but the political scene is no longer what it was post-WW2 a political divide by class, the affluent middle class and the workers, not so now. Like the class division, there was also a religious divide between the Catholics and Others, that is no longer as active.
We are becoming a people of moulded and blended people in a modern nation of Australia less isolated but swamped with more information because of the world wide web.
However, there is a growing non-compatibility problem developing between religions, those who are Muslim and non-Muslim. Muslims' are those who follow Mohammed's teachings of Islam.
I believe what Australia needs to be a more robust nationalistic nation with pride and purpose and less influenced by the UN's New World Order (NWO). Those influences promoted by the UN General Assembly oozes with left socialist ideology from Europe. Our need is to be governed by our Constitution and minimise the UN promotions with its conventions created in the General Assembly by its one hundred and ninety-odd nonaligned members. These are members who were all once colonies of the European colonial powers from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. I wonder if these conventions created and signed off by the non-aligned nations is payback against Anglo-European nations. The irony is that these non-member nations are themselves the most significant perpetrators to that which the convention are designed to improve. The whole methodology is a farce and demonstrates that the General Assembly itself needs change. It is not producing global peace and harmony or minimising internal political upheavals that cause massing migration and refugee problems.
To achieve the nation we once were, that is one we have before globalisation, we need to dump the six states and two territory governments systems and develop regional selfsustainable economic administrations (governments) based on present House of Representative electorates. I have on my website an outline to how we can achieve this. Written and amended over the past couple of decades I think it has exciting concepts so please use this like and discover a way we might change -
http://www.bobbuick.com/GOVERNANCE.pdf
Some are calling for Australia to become a republic, but until we become one nation and change from seven constitutional governments to a single national government with regional administrations, I do not see us ever becoming a Republic with the present system. It may need a decade or more to develop and implement a republic, but to have any change needs acceptance from our National and State Governments, controlled by political parties,
and they may not want to surrender their power and advantages gained for the present system. Nevertheless, as a nation, we must develop national sustainability in the interests of progress and defensibility even it that means political upheaval of the current system.
I left school at the age of fourteen. My experiences and knowledge gained from living to the age of seventy-nine in this year of 2019. I have witnessed about seventy years of Australia's history, especially the erosion and retrograded policies and political ineptness because of globalisation and UN Conventions and Agreements. I do not need tertiary education to understand and have my opinion formed because in recent times those with tertiary education are manipulating government policies and outcomes that I believe have been and still are detrimental to my wellbeing and the progress of the people and nation. It seems you must be an academic to have a worthy, or knowledgeable comment.
Always a free thinker, especially after retiring at fifty-five when going online I discovered so much and ascertained that since the nineteen-seventy-three with the election of a socialist Labor government for the first time since WW2, again in for thirteen years in nineteeneight-three, and six years in two-thousand and seven the nation's advancement and progress have been negatively affected and in some sectors even caused the regression of many industries.
So how can we look to reverse the stagnation and erosion ensuring expansion and sustainability because of globalisation?
1. Regain the nation's control under the Constitution, reviewing all treaties and Conventions our governments' we have signed under the United Nations charter, like the Immigration and Paris Agreements
2. Halt or drastically minimise immigration and refugee intake until all infrastructure from Transport, Water, Education and other government responsibilities, like reliable and affordable electricity supply are raised to a level that gives the people confidence and pride, creates trust and thereby boosting industrial manufacturing.
3. With the above progress develop massive modern ironworks in three locations, Adelaide with a Nuclear power station for modern shipbuilding, then others in the
Pilbara (WA) and Gladstone (Qld) connected by rail, Qld coal to the Pilbara and iron ore from there to Gladstone. These to enhance Australia's needs and exports to Asia and Africa.
4. Develop fast freight rail transport, especially for primary products export from the southeast and east agricultures areas through Darwin to Asia.
5. Develop manufacturing industries for the Australian market and Pacific nations, including New Zealand.
I supposed what I need is the return to what Australia had before globalisation destroyed the Australian economy. The confidence and expectation that was developing at that time, post WW2.
I know that my children and theirs have not had, nor will have, the opportunity I did through the nineteen fifties to the nineteen-eighties. We had freedoms and opportunities that have been abandoned today and never heard of now. Since the start of the twenty-first century, these changes are now legally enforced. In three decades, all three forms of governments have developed laws and regulations that are unmatched even to that of the USSR, China and North Korea. Most are social engineering laws to control the people that seem more socialist than free enterprise or entrepreneurial.
The socialists in Western Europe after the second world war developed environment agencies as Green Peace, anti-nuclear and other save the planet groups. After the nineteeneighties globalisation environmentalists fractured into extremist splinter groups. These groups then infiltrated the very cornerstone in the Western European democracies, mainly local governments. Alliances formed between the socialist and environmentalist has expanded into significantly politicised policymakers in local and state and national governments, the left socialist movement.
Through Fabianism (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australian_Fabian_Society), has successfully infiltrated all levels of Australia's education system. A Fabian's platform is, "Control any countries education, and eventually, you will control the nation".
So, since the election of the Australian Labor Party in 1972 and now their embedded alliance with the Australian Greens Party we are witnessing changes to the nation's education outcomes.
Most Australians are not aware of the Fabian Society, with its influences and control of socialist/green state governments' that have the total responsibility and control over state government school's education and is manipulated and controlled with the application of Fabian policies. The Education Union nationally is deeply involved in the movement, thereby ensuring curriculums and teaching follows the socialist path, the Fabian socialist goal to eventually control the nation.
Summary
The people need to look over the horizon after they understand the last half-century of our history, decide if they more of the same and it becomes more intense, or, ask those who lived as adults through the post WW2 era. Return to a nation that is confident, nationally strong with a defence military system support internally that deters any enemy considering invasion. That was the way we were until the nineteen-seventies.
I firmly believe Australia will become Lee Kwan Yew (ex-Prime Minister for Singapore late 20 th Century) stated "White Trash of Asia" if we the people do not change to our national psyche and needs.
There is time to develop my suggested changes over the next thirty or forty years. It needs vision and determination from the people through all the political groupings and for them not to be swayed by holding onto the past few decades that were so detrimental and already proven to be non-productive for all of us.
In the past few years, there has been one success story involving the Whyalla steelworks. This individual, one man saved the Whyalla steelworks.
Since he crashed onto the scene in 2017, Gupta has reinvigorated Australian steel-making and saved Whyalla from a wipeout. The old South Australian steelworks is in the midst of a billion-dollar rebuild that will almost double its capacity to 1.8 million tonnes. It will valueadd by turning out finished steel products including railway tracks, building beams and pipes that will supply grand infrastructure projects such as the inland rail, Sydney's WestConnex and Brisbane's Cross River Rail. https://www.theaustralian.com.au/weekend-australianmagazine/australia-has-had-it-too-easy/news-story/9d9f9b9adb68d81aacca2edb12c4540c)
Indian-born British businessman Sanjeev Gupta has big plans in Australia. Picture: Harold David
In late 2016 I was invited to Yarralumna, the Governor-General residence to witness the investiture of those company members and mates recommended for awards for their actions in the battle at Long Tan Vietnam 18 August 1966. It took fifty tears fighting government bureaucracies for justice, that is an example of Australia governance problems.
While sitting in the gardens, I was approached by the Labor opposition spokeswoman on Department for Veteran Affairs, as she did the political duties by chatting to the likes of me and spreading the socialist rhetoric.
I knew she was from South Australia, so I mentioned, quite forcefully, that what South Australia needed was a nuclear power station in the Spencer's Gulf for the steelworks and shipbuilding. When the national government developed the South Australia warship building yards, they install especially generators. Mains electricity supply from the state government was unreliable as proven when its renewable generation failed. South Australia had power interruptions as the renewable energy sources that South Australia used failed und stress. She directed her assistant to take notes, but she wrote nothing on her note pad. False representation by all politicians was standard practice then and continues today.
Here are the Rubs and Barriers to change.
I have outlined the history since federation, how colonies in the nineteenth century became constituted states but still governing as if they were separate colonies, how our population increase has changed the national character, ethos and culture.
For me, the most damaging events that have robbed us is the collectivism of globalisation being the primary destructive force destroying our industrial manufacturing that moved us from a first-world nation status post world war two to a modern second world nation. We are now exporting primary products and minerals globally and importing every product needed in contemporary society. In the mix are the political influences from the European Union Assembly and the United Nations General Assembly through conventions and other instruments our governments have signed and mention Human Right, Immigration and the Paris Agreement.
You reading this will have most likely agreed to most of what I have written and are saying to yourself, great ideas, but nothing will change. I agree if we cannot convince others to adapt and use their single vote to influence others and especially political parties. Do not support your favourite mob, be they Liberal, National, Labor or Greens, look to others of influence like One Nation, Shooters and Fishers but the most import consideration is that you chose the political grouping that will give the outcomes that you need and want.
An individual's influence is enhanced and expanded when they discuss amongst their peers and friends what is the best for themselves, their family and the nation. Discuss the era
they enjoyed is the past and why and what they see as changes from then to now. Discover what they understand about Fabianism and how its philosophies are influencing the education system in Australia, Western Europe and North America, how government education policies and unions implementing those policies, especially in Labor, governed states and territories.
For there are to be any changes, even your own life and daily activities, it starts and ends with that individual. The same goes to members of a family, clan, tribe, hamlet, town, city, state and nation.
Nothing changes without the individual and mixing with those wanting similar outcomes.
Do you believe we can make a change and Australia must change direction away from what the track we are following since about the mid-nineteen-seventies?
Do you believe that the peoples of Australia need to drive their destiny and strive to reach self-sustainability and be a nation that can resist military invasion because we are defensively strong and capable of waging a defensive war for years because we are selfsustainable?
Do you believe that you can influence these wants and needs because you choose who you vote to represent you in government and that the present government system of seven constitutional governments and two territories need to change with to a national and constitutionally designed provincial or regional administration?
Have you considered how you can make the difference?
How can you reach out and grab the future that you want and discard the direction we as a nation are following?
Remember it all starts with you, the family, the village, then the state and nation. Look over the horizon and visualise how you want to be when the next century arrives in about eighty years. You may not live your vision, but your offspring will and remember you are part of them and your efforts help get then and the nation to the place that you want to be.
If you agree with my ideas and vision, then do something. Pass this document on to others after you add a page or two with your plans for your offspring. Send it to as many you can, influence the village and city, so, eventually, our collective visions will become stronger and more effective in governance.
Create a new political party –
"The Australia Sustainable Party."
or
"Make Australia Great Again"
The last would certain please President Donald Trump.
Bob Buick
Sunshine Coast Queensland October 2019
www.bobbuick.com
Your feedback and suggestions are welcome through firstname.lastname@example.org
Other topics I have covered | <urn:uuid:693d2619-eddb-412a-9e99-e4b14a96ecfa> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 22,442 |
Reigate and Redhill Real Ale Darts League
Sixe's Competition to be played on Monday 21/01/ 2019
Venue 1 ARSS Club
Venue 1
Venue 2
Venue 2
Adjudicator: C Hancock
Adjudicator:
The Bull A
Earl Haig A
The Bull B
Earl Haig B
The Bull C
Earl Haig C
L Kingswood A
Double 7 Club
Foresters
Monson Rd A
L Kingswood B
Merstham VC A
Reigate Ex
All players must be signed in BY 8:15pm. Matches to commence at 8:30pm sharp. There will be no exceptions. All Games to be one toss of the coin and then 1001 best of 5, and will be played down to the last two. Losers to chalk please. | <urn:uuid:a63cbd9a-864d-4a72-bd74-e261a4eef5cc> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 588 |
TROGIR HOLDING d.o.o. Gradska tržnica
Higijena zaposlenika i posjetitelja
PR13
rev.0 od 01/01/2016
str. 1 od 1
1. Postupci i odgovornosti
2. Radnu odjeću je potrebno najmanje jednom tjedno mijenjati.
1. Zakupoprimac mora nositi propisanu radnu odjeću i obuću. Radna odjeća u svakom trenutku mora biti čista. (Uprava zakupodavca će u roku od 6 mjeseci propisati zaštitnu, uniformnu odjeću )
3. Zakupoprimac je sam zadužen za brigu o pranju vlastite radne odjeće
5. VHT osigurava pravovremenu nabavku radne odjeće ovisno o radnom mjestu:
4. Radnu odjeću treba držati odvojeno od civilne odjeće
2. Korektivne mjere
U slučaju da se radna odjeća u toku rada nepredvidivo zaprlja ili pokida ili da je u lošem stanju mogu se poduzeti sljedeće korektivne i preventivne mjere:
nabaviti novu radnu odjeću
raspolagati jednim rezervnim kompletom radne odjeće
promijeniti plan potreba godišnje nabave radne odjeće
3. Ponašanje posjetitelja
U prostore zatvorenih štandova je dozvoljen ulazak stranim osobama i posjetiteljima poštujući sljedeće uvjete:
- Za ulazak je potrebna najava i odobrenje voditelja.
- Osoba koja ulazi u objekt mora biti vidno zdrava i čista te dati usmenu izjevu o nevedenom.
- Ulazak u prodajni prostor je dozvoljen samo u pratnji osoblja.
- Pri ulasku u skladište mora obući jednokratne navlake za cipele
- Pri obilasku prostorija skladišta zabranjeno je doticati opremu ili uređaje.
- Ulazak životinja i kućnih ljubimaca u objekt je strogo zabranjen
- Duže nepotrebno zadržavanje u skladištu je zabranjeno. | <urn:uuid:256d7bfa-e80b-4099-b7fa-41915560f676> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/hrv_Latn/train | finepdfs | hrv_Latn | 1,534 |
NHCA's 44th Annual Conference
February 20-22, 2020 - Update
by Amy Blank
NHCA President
It’s crystal clear, we’re here to hear! Join your colleagues in hearing conservation at the NHCA’s 44th annual conference in Destin, Florida, February 20-22, 2020.
As always, the NHCA conference highlights the latest in hearing conservation. Workshops will be offered so you can brush up on skills and learn something new. Vendors will be available to demonstrate the latest technological advances in hearing conservation.
We are pleased to introduce our keynote speaker, Jennifer Deal, Ph.D., from Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Deal is an epidemiologist and gerontologist with expertise in hearing loss and cognitive aging. She will discuss research that has demonstrated the broad implications of hearing loss for the health and functioning of older adults, particularly with respect to cognitive functioning, brain aging, and dementia and how this research informs health policy related to hearing loss. We are also pleased to introduce our Luncheon speaker, Dallas Taylor, the host of Twenty Thousand Hertz, the largest podcast in the world about sound. Mr. Taylor will take us on a journey of The Fifth Sense and explore how sound is the next frontier in wellness and luxury.
The Friday Night Event will be held at Jimmy Buffett’s Margaritaville, at Harborwalk Village, in Destin, Florida, from 6-9 PM. Bus transportation will be provided, along with a buffet dinner including two drink tickets. A scavenger hunt is being planned after the dinner for those who want to spend more time in the Harborwalk area.
Stay updated to learn more about the conference, registration, the Friday Night Event, hotel reservations and more, by visiting www.nhca.civicaconferences.com and watch for updates in your email and on social media.
NHCA’s 45th Annual Conference (February 11-13, 2021)
Never too early to plan for the next NHCA conference! Mark your calendars to be part of NHCA’s 45th annual conference “It’s Quiet Up hEAR” in Albuquerque, New Mexico, February 11-13, 2021.
Copyright 2019 by the National Hearing Conservation Association. All rights reserved. No part of the publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing of the publisher. ISSN 1083-7388.
*Spectrum* is a publication of the National Hearing Conservation Association (NHCA), P.O. Box 3406, Englewood, Colorado 80155 which is published 3 times yearly around April, July and October. A *Spectrum Supplement* is provided prior to each year’s Annual NHCA Conference. The information contained herein is designed to promote action and discussion among members. The information has been obtained from sources believed reliable, and the editors have exercised reasonable care to assure its accuracy. However, the NHCA does not guarantee that the contents of this publication are correct and statements published do not necessarily reflect the opinion or official position of the NHCA.
*Spectrum* is available without charge to NHCA members in all categories. Anyone interested in publishing in *Spectrum* should contact Kim Gill at the NHCA office.
**The mission of the National Hearing Conservation Association is to prevent hearing loss due to noise and other environmental factors in all sectors of society.**
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**2019-2020 Executive Council**
President: Amy Blank
President Elect: Theresa Schulz
Immediate Past President: Vickie Tuten
Secretary/Treasurer: Theresa H. Small
Director of Communication: Lori Aronovici
Director of Education: Rachel Bouserhal
Director of Marketing & Public Relations: Kathy Gates
Director of Membership: Jillyen Curry-Mathis
Member Delegate: Elizabeth Masterson
Member Delegate: Michelle Alexander
PSP Member Delegate: Teah Richey
Commercial Member Delegate: Heather Malyuk
Associate Member Delegate: David Stern
Student Member Delegate: Christina (Tina) Campbell
Historian: Elliott Berger
Executive Director: Kim Gill
**Leadership Advisory Team**
Vickie Tuten - Chair
John Casali
James Jerome
Colleen LePrell
Kristen Casto
Elliott Berger - Ex Officio
Kim Gill - Ex Officio
**Spectrum Editorial Staff**
Nancy Wojcik - Chief Editor
Elliott Berger - Technical Editor
Mary McDaniel - Reviewer
Laurie Wells - Reviewer
Deanene Hightower - Reviewer
**Task Force and Committees**
Program (Chair): Tanisha Hamill
Program (Chair-Elect): Deanene Hightower
Audometric Referral Criteria: Theresa Small
Conference CEU: Vacant
Conference Evaluation: James Jerome
Expanding OSHA Age Correction Tables: Nancy Wojcik
Financial Advisory: Tim Rink
IJA Supplement: Colleen Le Prell
Legal/Legislation: Evan Naas
Licensing and Ethics in Audiology: John Allen
Marketing: Vacant
Material Content Review: Cory Portnuff
Music-Induced Hearing Disorders: Cory Portnuff
Nominations: Theresa Schulz
Prevention of NHL from Firearms: Michael Stewart
Public Inquiry Response: Laura Kauth
Social Media: John Byram
Webinars: Kathy Gates
Website Content Review: Elliott Berger
**Liaisons**
American Academy of Audiology (AAA): Richard Danielson
American Association of Occupational Health Nurses (AAOHN): Marjorie McCullagh
American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM): Bruce Kirchner
American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA): Laurel Davis
Association for Research in Otolaryngology (ARO): Colleen Le Prell
American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA): Christa Themann
American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE): Robert Anderson
Audiology Quality Consortium (AQC): Sharon Beamer
Council for Accreditation in Occupation Hearing Conservation (CAOHC): Madeleine Kerr
Dangerous Decibels: Deanna Meinke
Hearing Center of Excellence (HCE): Kristen Casto
Institute of Noise Control Engineering of the USA (INCE/USA): Jeffrey Komrower
Military Audiology Association (MAA): Amy Blank
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH): Elizabeth Masterson
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Alice Suter
Safe in Sound: Thais Morata
**Representatives to Standards Groups**
American National Standards Institute (ANSI S3): Eric Fallon, Richard W. Danielson (alternate)
American National Standards Institute (ANSI S12): Laurie Wells
**Scholarship Foundation Board**
President: James Jerome
Delegate: Madison Monlezon
Secretary: Michelle Alexander
Delegate: Tim Swisher
Treasurer: Bob Ghent
Student Delegate: Tess Zaccardi
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The National Hearing Conservation Association
P.O. Box 3406
Englewood, CO 80155
(303) 224-9022 • (303) 200-7099 Fax
email@example.com
www.hearingconservation.org
presidential pEARspective
Are You Ready for Some Football?
by Amy Blank
NHCA President
I know I am! I recently attended the United States Naval Academy verses Air Force Academy football game on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. It was a great game – the crowd was fired up as the two teams fought hard in this classic rivalry. The sold-out Navy crowd was encouraged to cheer and “get loud” anytime the Air Force was on the verge of a key offensive play. As an audiologist the marquis messaging cut to my core (see examples below). Of course I whipped out my NIOSH made-for-iPhone sound level meter app and registered an instantaneous measured level of 99 dBA! These type of exposures are everywhere – hockey games, concerts, car races, basketball games, even church! What is a conscientious hearing conservationist and NHCA member to do?
Did you know October is National Protect Your Hearing Month? The world around us is a noisy place, and often we are encouraged to “turn it up” or “cheer louder”. As local, regional, national or even international hearing experts, I would recommend getting out there and spreading the hearing conservation word! Hearing loss due to noise can be prevented! But where to start? What about resources?
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD) is a valuable resource for educational resources and ways to advocate for hearing loss prevention. Through the “It’s a Noisy Planet Protect Their Hearing” website one can see hearing loss prevention tips for parents, kids and preteens, and educators. Other resources include the Hearing Center of Excellence (HCE), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American Academy of Audiology (AAA) and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Associations (ASHA) Special Interest Group (SIG) 8 Audiology and Public Health. Many of these sites offer free downloadable pamphlets and posters as well as a variety of educational ideas and tips.
Online social media is doing a great job of raising awareness this month. October is also National Audiology Awareness Month and various social media sites are posting about the profession of audiology. In addition to our October festivities, Better Hearing & Speech Month (BSHM) is in May and the World Health Organization (WHO) sponsors World Hearing Day each year on March 3rd to raise awareness on how to prevent deafness and hearing loss and promote ear and hearing care across the world. Digital tool kits for planning events for 3/3 including posters, banners, infographics and presentations based on the selected theme. The theme for 2020 has not been announced, but more information on World Hearing Day and previous years’ themes can be found at https://www.who.int/pbd/deafness/world-hearing-day/en/.
Back to college football. I recently saw this great poster sponsored by the Student Audiology Association at the University of Florida. Audiology students passed out hearing protection before the football game bringing awareness to spectators about the importance of protecting their hearing. I urge each of you to consider what you can do within your community to support hearing loss prevention. Visit schools for career day, talk to the Boy or Girl Scouts, participate in health fairs or distribute hearing protection or flyers at loud sporting/recreational events. Be an advocate in your community!
By the way, Navy won the game in a nail biting finish! Fear the Goat!
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NHCA Call for Awards Nominations:
Awards from our peers are a meaningful way to recognize the amazing work that NHCAers do. Please read through the following information and consider appropriate recognitions.
MEDIA AWARD
The Media Award was established to recognize the efforts of writers and/or producers of news features that serve to heighten public awareness of the hazards of noise. The award is also available to NHCA members who take the time and effort to bring hearing conservation related issues into public light. Nominations may be from non-NHCA members and NHCA members are encouraged to nominate themselves.
HOW TO NOMINATE SOMEONE:
Please see the NHCA website Awards page for lists of previous awardees. If you wish to nominate someone, please contact a member of the NHCA Nominations Task Force:
• Theresa Schulz firstname.lastname@example.org 724-554-4110
• Bob Ghent email@example.com
• Dee Hightower firstname.lastname@example.org
• Teah Johnson email@example.com
• Theresa Small firstname.lastname@example.org
NHCA’s Social Media Strategy and Webinar News
by Kathy Gates
NHCA Director of Marketing and Public Relations
A new Social Media Strategy was developed for inclusion in the NHCA Policy and Procedure Manual. The primary focus of this strategy is to use social platforms to build and cultivate relationships with our members, sponsors, and the public. Activity on social networks provides insight into the interests and needs of our members. Current social media postings have focused on encouraging submission of papers and promoting NHCA’s annual conference to ensure maximum participation of members and to increase the awareness of the NHCA conference among professionals external to NHCA.
The NHCA social media strategy will encourage the exchange of information among NHCA members and serve to disseminate information to other professionals to increase their awareness of NHCA and, possibly, increase future NHCA membership. The NHCA social media platforms will also provide education and motivate members to post and discuss topics related to research in noise and hearing loss prevention.
The NHCA and the Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing Conservation (CAOHC) held teleconference meetings to discuss plans for a new Webinar series. Potential topics for 2020 include: 1) hearing loss prevention beyond the industrial setting, 2) work relatedness, and 3) hearing loss prevention – taking it to the next level. The Webinar series is tentatively scheduled to begin in the spring of 2020. We will advertise and promote the 2020 Webinar series through our NHCA social media platforms.
NHCA Invited to Present at AAA 2020
by Dick Danielson and Theresa Schulz
AAA Liaison to NHCA and NHCA President-Elect
NHCA has once again been invited to present at the annual American Academy of Audiology Conference (April 1-4, 2020, New Orleans, Louisiana). Dick Danielson and Theresa Schulz will teach a Learning Lab entitled “How Can Clinical Audiologists Apply Contemporary Hearing Loss Prevention Evidence and Standards?”
Clinical audiologists have unique opportunities to influence their patients’ attitudes and behavior about preventing noise-related hearing loss. Such advocacy calls for awareness, and application, of new and unique evidence-based advances in the prevention of hearing loss. However, these developments are frequently not published in journals traditionally read by clinicians. This session will review and summarize recent reports from multiple publications and standards pertaining to the risks, and prevention, of hearing loss caused by occupational and non-occupational noise.
If you have answers to the title question above (input on new developments, news, hot topics) for Dick and Theresa to share with our AAA colleagues, contact Dick at email@example.com.
Students’ Corner
Maribiliz Irizarry-Torres
by Tina Campbell
NHCA Student Delegate
Maribiliz Irizarry-Torres is a fourth-year Doctor of Audiology student from the University of Puerto Rico. Her interest in hearing conservation started after taking the “Occupational and Environmental Hearing Conservation” where she learned the impact of noise on hearing health and the regulations in place to prevent noise-induced hearing loss.
In the summer of 2018, Maribiliz participated in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) internship at Johnson Space Center in Houston, TX. Her work involved collaboration with the Acoustics Office which is responsible for ensuring the safety of acoustic environments on space vehicles. During her time in NASA, she worked with acoustic engineers obtaining acoustic measurements and making recommendations to comply with specific Noise Criterion. This experience opened her perspective on the importance and need for having a multidisciplinary approach in promoting successful hearing conservation programs.
In addition, as president of the Student Academy of Audiology Chapter of Puerto Rico (2018–2019), Maribiliz worked on several initiatives which were intended to raise awareness about noise-induced hearing loss. One of these was leading a virtual campaign of occupational noise exposure awareness through social media. This campaign helped to raise awareness about noise exposure in the workplace and methods to prevent adverse consequences. Maribiliz has also participated in multiple hearing health workshops and initiatives for children, public health graduate students, firearm users, and others in the community.
Maribiliz has been a student member of NHCA since the summer of 2018. She is excited to attend her first NHCA conference this coming February in Florida!
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NHCA Scholarship Foundation Board: Update
by James Jerome
NHCA Scholarship Foundation Board President
Results of Student Conference/Research Awards
Early November, 2019, we selected five Student Conference Award and two Student Research Award recipients. Details about the recipients will be published in the upcoming Spectrum Supplement.
New Board Officers
The call for new officers to replace those whose terms will expire in February, 2020, has been extremely positive. Within one week of the announcement, we were able to fill three of the four positions posted.
Lynnette Bardolf has volunteered to be the first President-Elect on the Board.
Susan Cooper has volunteered to replace Michele Alexander as Secretary.
Brandy Hollins has volunteered to replace Tess Zacardi as Student Delegate. Brandy is currently attending the University of Pittsburgh.
Director position remains open. The Director will serve for a three year term. The Director will provide input on Board matters and may be asked to take on additional duties at the discretion of the President. If anyone is interested, please contact me (James Jerome email@example.com).
It is our privilege to highlight another one of NHCA’s many dedicated members, each of whom has contributed to the field of hearing conservation in their own way. This Spotlight’s contributor is Dr. Gregory (Greg) Flamme. Greg has been a professor and hearing loss researcher for over twenty years, and a member of NHCA since 2002. His accomplishments are long, but include key contributions to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) audiometric data collection, and the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study – Kindergarten (ECLS-K), which among other things, collects and studies hearing information for school-aged children.
The second picture depicts Greg involved in a research study of middle ear muscle contractions (I have been assured that despite the look of the helmet, no brain tissue was compromised). Most recently, Greg led the efforts to develop updated age correction tables for the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) noise exposure regulations.
He also received the NHCA Golden Lobe award in 2004, 2005 and 2006. Greg kindly took time away from his list of projects to answer a few questions for us.
**What brought you into the field of Audiology and where you are now?**
I was a farm kid growing up, so I knew plenty of people with noise-induced hearing loss and had more than my share of personal experience with the exposures that likely produced those losses. During my junior year in college, I started working with my girlfriend’s father, who was a hearing aid dispenser serving rural Nebraska. My interest in that work outlasted my interest in the girlfriend, and I ultimately decided to change my career aspirations from organizational sociology to helping people with hearing trouble. I’d planned to continue working on hearing aid fitting procedures and assessing outcomes, but ended up swerving in the direction of the systematic study of hearing loss prevention when I had some opportunities to work with the issues of hearing impairment in rural Iowa during my postdoctoral work. A couple of faculty positions, research grants, publications, and presentations later, I had an opportunity to work with Dr. Mark Stephenson, who wanted to start up a small research consulting operation that would let me work with some of my favorite people. Who could ask for more?
**Who was the most influential person(s) in your career?**
Without doubt, Dr. Robyn Cox, who was my mentor during my Master’s and Ph.D. programs and I had the pleasure of working in her lab at The University of Memphis. She taught me so much more than facts and research findings. She taught me how to think, write, and be careful. I’ll always treasure the memory of her telling me that she would support my application to a Ph.D. program if I felt inclined to submit one – after all, I was just hoping to survive the M.A. program!
What do you think is the most important challenge facing hearing conservation?
There are so many to choose from: a widely-shared sense of fatalism and futility of attempts to prevent hearing loss; a systematic undervaluation of the importance of excellent hearing; the failure to realize that nobody gets to have one set of ears they use at work and another set for the other exposures in their daily lives; the excessive reliance of regulations and professional bodies on provisional solutions developed half a century ago.
What can be done to address this?
We have our work cut out for us. The sense of fatalism and futility might dissipate as it becomes clearer that many of the changes in hearing with age represent exposures more than biological aging, per se. As for the importance of hearing, we started out believing that there were no meaningful consequences of a hearing loss that didn’t reduce the recognition of two-syllable words in quiet. I believe we are nearing the end of a 40-year pause in progress toward regulatory and professional bodies recognizing that hearing involves so much more than speech under simple and contrived measurement conditions. We need to make it clear that, unlike many other occupational exposures, noise exposure is not limited to the workplace, which implies that exposure limits need to account for typical noise exposures in daily life. Finally, the provisional solutions to exposure limits that were developed 50 years ago need to be reconsidered in the light of what we know now and replaced with approaches that have been painstakingly evaluated by multiple independent methods and investigators. In other areas of healthcare, these things would take a few years, but we need to brace for a longer effort, given the size of the work relative to the workforce.
Of what accomplishment are you most proud, professionally?
I’m most proud of the network of collaborators surrounding me, covering lots of disciplines, academic institutions, and parts of the U.S. Government and military. I am honored that they pick up the phone when I call, because they know that the conversation might not stop for years. I would be remiss to not mention the work done by the Rudyard Group, which was named for the town in Michigan nearest Dr. Mike Stewart’s hunting camp. During the last 10 years, and without sponsor funding, our merry group of volunteers has been working to tackle the problems of measuring and interpreting civilian firearm noise and the things we can do to manage it.
Of what accomplishment are you most proud, personally?
I’m proud to have earned the title “husband” to my wonderful and amazing wife, and to have accompanied my daughter on her journey from toddler to young adult.
When you aren’t preventing hearing loss, what do you do for fun?
Explore the area, including hiking [Greg & Family are new to Portland, OR], spend time with family, including Conan and Angus [Labradoodles with Celtic heritage], and cook new and meticulously-planned meals.
Lightning round:
Best place you have ever traveled: Nara, Japan
Place you want to visit the most: Australia
Favorite color: blue
Favorite animal: humans (dogs are a close second)
Favorite food: too many to count
Favorite book: Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy
Favorite movie: any movie that intrudes on my awareness for days or weeks afterward
Favorite sound: rain in the forest
Commercial Member Spotlight
Renée Lefrançois
Director of Audiology, SHOEBOX Ltd.
by Heather Malyuk
NHCA Commercial Delegate
One of the things I am most grateful for is my choice of Audiology as a profession. I have always had an interest in helping others, health care, and communication – which Audiology sums up beautifully.
These interests stemmed in large part from the fact that in the 1940s, my maternal aunt was born profoundly deaf after my grandmother contracted German Measles during her pregnancy. My mother’s family was living on the Isle of Man at the time, a British Crown dependency in the Irish Sea. There were very little services at that time in the UK for deaf individuals who wanted to speak - and after 8 years of applications to various countries, my mother’s family was finally able to immigrate to Canada in 1957. Unfortunately, my aunt’s deafness was a major reason for the delay.
Although I truly enjoyed my occupational health courses during my audiology training, it wasn’t until I had been practicing for 15 years that I was able to do a deeper dive into the intricacies of this unique clinical specialty.
As the Director of Audiology for SHOEBOX Audiometry, a mobile audiometry solution, more and more of our systems were being used in the occupational health sector starting from 2015 to present day. This in turn led me to research current requirements for audiometric testing, ambient noise monitoring, and professional results review at both the national and state levels.
Obtaining my Professional Supervisor Certification from CAOHC really helped bring all of this newfound education together and led to me being able to provide well-versed feedback to our software development team to help optimize our products to best serve other professionals and organizations across the country.
The vast array of valuable NHCA resources have been invaluable to my team in setting up proper parameters for baseline resetting and in addressing work-relateness of shifts in hearing. In learning from our customers, our Audiological Service Offering now includes various roles and functions from remote review services, to test protocol consultation, to overall program supervision.
It’s been an exciting ride these past 4 years and I sincerely look forward to continuing the journey!
In Memoriam
Robert A. Dobie, M.D.
July 26, 1945 – September 4, 2019
by Elliott H. Berger, Susan Cooper, and Bill Clark
Friends and Collaborators
Long-time NHCA member and pioneer of hearing loss prevention Robert A. Dobie, M.D., passed away on Wednesday, September 4, 2019, in San Antonio, Texas. He was 74.
Bob grew up all over America as the son of U.S. Naval Officer, Rear Admiral E.W. Dobie, Jr. and Geraldine Frances Bonnington Dobie. Bob received his undergraduate and MD degrees from, and completed a surgical residency at, Stanford University. He was a National Merit and Phi Beta Kappa scholar, and also served as the president of his medical school class. Consistent with his childhood experiences, his academic and clinical careers were similarly diverse, both institutionally and geographically. Bob completed research and clinical fellowships in auditory physiology and neurotology with Charles I. Berlin at the Kresge Hearing Research Laboratory of the South and Professor Ugo Fisch at University Hospital, Zurich. He joined the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery at the University of Washington in 1975, rapidly rising to full professor. He was a founder and the initial Director of the Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center there from 1988-1990.
In 1990, Bob was appointed Professor and Chairman of the Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) at the University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, and he made this his academic base for the remainder of his career. He also served as the Director of Extramural Research at the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), from 1999-2002. After completing his service to the NIDCD, Bob accepted an appointment as Clinical Professor of OHNS at the University of California, Davis. In 2008, Bob returned to San Antonio and the University of Texas.
Bob’s impact on research and clinical practice are difficult to overstate. In particular, his work and service on regulatory committees related to the effects of noise exposure and aging on hearing in the population led the field, and provided valuable insights for the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the International Standards Organization (ISO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). His papers on hearing levels of American adults have redefined the roles of aging and noise exposure on age-related hearing loss, and related national and international standards have been revised to incorporate these findings. Similarly, his work on the global burden of hearing loss and the efficacy of hearing conservation programs and standards are destined to influence our efforts to conserve the hearing of individuals as they work, play and age. These contributions will have lasting effects around the world.
Bob Dobie was a valued colleague and personal friend to many at NHCA, some for nearly 40 years. His commitment to the mission and people of NHCA is reflected in his active participation, regular attendance at the NHCA Conference, and thoughtful and insightful contributions in the form of presentations, participation in panel debates, and articles for the Spectrum. He served as an NHCA council member and task force participant, and on the council of the NHCA Scholarship Foundation. Bob received NHCA’s Outstanding Hearing Conservationist Award in 2005 and Lifetime Achievement Award in 2017. He also brought his talent for applying science and pragmatism to the practice of hearing conservation by serving 10 years on the Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing Conservation (CAOHC). He served as an officer, a committee chair, a contributor to the CAOHC manual and was featured in the first video series for OHC courses. Bob was instrumental in the development of policies and procedures that have guided CAOHC into the leadership position it enjoys today.
Bob served as president of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology in 1992, and received both
a Presidential Citation from the Triological Society and a Distinguished Service Award from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery. In 2017, he was awarded the Carhart Memorial Award by the American Auditory Society. Along with his service on the editorial boards of well-respected clinical and hearing-research journals, he authored over 200 scientific publications, including a seminal book on the medical-legal evaluation of hearing loss. Among his many honors and awards, he particularly valued the Driftwood Award for outstanding teaching and mentoring skills, which he received five times from the surgical residents at the University of Washington.
Bob is survived by his wife of 47 years, Christine, daughters, Pamela Dobie Key and Monica Dobie Daly, son, William James Dobie, and numerous grandchildren. Bob will be remembered by his colleagues and friends for his unwavering integrity, well-honed wit, incisive reasoning, outstanding and compassionate service as a physician and surgeon, passionate teaching, insightful science, and being a dedicated teammate. Those who wish to honor Bob may make contributions to St. Vincent de Paul or Haven for Hope at https://svdpsa.org/donate or https://www.havenforhope.org/donate.
In closing it is apropos to report that the NHCA and the entire professional community will continue to directly benefit from Bob’s work, as his family as kindly agreed to allow us to move key portions of his personal website to our NHCA website. You can find his annotated references and hearing loss calculators by going to the Resources pull-down menu and selecting Robert Dobie Memorial Library.
**Selected Recent Contributions**
Royster LH, Royster, JD, and Dobie R. (2020 in press). “Prediction and Analysis of the Hearing Characteristics of Noise-Exposed Populations or Individuals,” in Meinke DK, Berger EH, Neitzel R, Driscoll DP, Bright K (eds.): *The Noise Manual, 6th edition*, AIHA, Falls Church, VA.
Dobie RA and Cooper, S.(2020 in press). “Workers’ Compensation,” in Meinke DK, Berger EH, Neitzel R, Driscoll DP, Bright K (eds.): *The Noise Manual, 6th edition*, AIHA, Falls Church, VA.
Berger EH and Dobie R (2019 in press). “Acoustic Trauma from Continuous Noise: Minimum Exposures, Issues in Clinical Trial Design, and Comments on MRI exposures,” J. Acoust. Soc. Am. Special Issue on Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: Translating Risk from Animal Models to Real-World Environments.
Hoffman HJ, Dobie RA, Losonczy KG, Themann, CL, and Flamme GA. (2019) “Kids Nowadays Hear Better Than We Did: Declining Prevalence of Hearing Loss in US Youth, 1966–2010,” Laryngoscope, 129(8), 1922–1939.
Mirza R, Kirchner DB, Dobie RA, Crawford J (2018). “ACOEM Task Force on Occupational Hearing Loss. Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss,” J Occup Environ Med. 60(9):c498-c501. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001423.
Dobie RA (2018). “Cost-Effective Hearing Conservation: Regulatory and Research Priorities,” Ear Hear 39(4):621–630, doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000523.
Hoffman HJ, Dobie RA, Losonczy KG, Themann CL, Flamme GA. (2017). “Declining Prevalence of Hearing Loss in US Adults Aged 20 to 69 Years,” JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 143(3):274-285. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2016.3527.
Dobie RA (2017). “Noise,” in Wald PH, Stave GM (ed.): *Physical and Biological Hazards of the Workplace*, John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken NJ, pp 223 – 230.
Dobie RA and Humes LE. (2017) “Commentary on the regulatory implications of noise-induced cochlear neuropathy,” Int J Audiol, 2017;56(sup1):74–78.DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2016.1255359.
Ryan AF, Dobie RA, Dubno JR, Lonsbury-Martin BL (2016). “Tinnitus: Research supported by the Tinnitus Research Consortium,” Hear Res. 334:1. doi: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.12.015.
Dobie RA (2015). *Medical-Legal Evaluation of Hearing Loss*, 3rd ed., Plural Publishing, San Diego, CA.
Dobie RA. (2015). “Is this STS work–related? ISO 1999 predictions as an adjunct to clinical judgment,” Am J Ind Med. 58(12):1311-8. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22534.
Dobie RA and Wojcik NC. (2015). “Age Correction in Monitoring Audiometry: Method to Update OSHA Age Correction Tables to Include Older Workers,” BMJ Open. 2015 Jul 13;5(7):e007561. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007561.
Dobie RA. (2014). “Does occupational noise cause asymmetric hearing loss?” Ear & Hear 35(5), 577-9, doi: 10.1097/AUD.0000000000000043.
Dobie RA. (2014). “Noise-induced hearing loss,” in JT Johnson and CA Rosen (eds.): *Bailey's Head and Neck Surgery—Otolaryngology. 5th ed. Vol 2*, Lippincott-Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, pp. 2530 – 1541.
Dobie RA and Crawford J. (2014). “Anatomy and physiology of the human ear,” in Hutchison TL and Schultz TY (eds.): *Hearing Conservation Manual. 5th edition*, CAOHC, Milwaukee, WI.
Dobie RA and Kopke R. (2014) “Causes and management of hearing disorders,” in Hutchison TL and Schultz TY (eds.): *Hearing Conservation Manual. 5th edition*, CAOHC, Milwaukee, WI.
Johnson J and Robinson ST (edited by Dobie RA). (2014) “Hearing Loss,” in Ladou J and Harrison R (eds.): *Current Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 5th edition*, McGraw Hill/Lange, New York, NY.
Dobie RA and Clark WW. (2014). “Exchange rates for intermittent and fluctuating occupational noise: A systematic review of studies of human permanent threshold shift,” Ear & Hearing 35, 86 – 96.
McCunney RJ, Mundt KA, Colby WD, Dobie R, Kaliski K, Blais M. (2014). “Wind turbines and health: A critical review of the scientific literature,” J Occ Envir Med 56, e108 – 130.
Custom Earplugs: Fabrication Methods and Effects on Real-Ear Attenuation at Threshold
JR Stefanson
U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory
DoD Hearing Center of Excellence
zCore Business Solutions
William A. Ahroon
U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory
Introduction
Hearing protectors are often worn to reduce the risk of hearing injuries when exposed to hazardous noise. Depending on many factors, from the environment to individual preferences, a particular hearing protection device (HPD) may be needed or preferred. However, HPDs are only effective if they fit the individual well enough to reduce hazardous noise entering the auditory system to safe levels and, of course, if the individual chooses to wear them correctly while exposed to the noise. Due to the variance in anatomy between persons, one-size-fits all approach to HPDs generally does not work. As such, if a commercial off the shelf (COTS) product does not provide an adequate fit even after a number of options have been assessed, HPDs can also be tailor-made to fit the individual, commonly referred to as custom earplugs or custom-molded HPDs. Thus, custom earplugs, in theory, should “perfectly” fit the intended individual to block hazardous noise while also accommodating their specific anatomy comfortably.
There are other potential advantages of custom earplugs even for individuals that could otherwise fit a COTS HPD. Some advantages have been shown to include a more comfortable fit for longer durations (Marshall, Weathersby, McCluskey, & Huebner, 2016), a relatively consistent level of protection between fittings (Du, Homma, & Saunders, 2008) which appears to be less variable than other types of non-custom earplugs (Tufts, Jahn, & Byram, 2013), and potentially lower long term costs (Marshall et al., 2016). While custom HPDs may have some potential advantages to non-custom HPDs, not all custom earplugs are made equally. In fact, there are several ways to produce a custom earplug, which may vary by hearing professionals and earplug manufacturers.
Traditionally, custom earplugs are made using a formable material, such as silicone, which is injected into the ear canal and allowed to solidify, thereby creating a physical ear impression once removed. The physical impressions are then shipped to an earplug manufacturer and either cast to create a negative mold of the ear or scanned by an ear-impression scanner to create a digital model of the physical impression. The earplug manufacturer then modifies the ear impressions (physically or digitally) to create custom earplugs, which are specific to the size and shape of the individual’s ears. It is also worth noting that producing a custom earplug using a physical impression may result in iatrogenic injuries. While rare, such injuries can have severe consequences for the individual, including temporary or permanent hearing loss, tympanic membrane rupture, or middle ear damage/destruction (Wynne, Kahn, Abel, & Allen, 2000).
Custom earpieces may also be made using new technologies in optical ear scanning that provide a way to create them without making physical ear impressions thus avoiding the consequent risk of iatrogenic injury. Three companies have developed digital ear scanning technologies to create 3D models of the ear and ear canal. The digital 3D models can then be modified with computer-aided design (CAD) software to create custom earpieces and HPDs.
Digitizing the process to capture ear canal geometries for the production of custom earpieces has potential to create efficiencies while also reducing some of the discomfort and risk of injuries compared to traditional fabrication processes. To compare the performance of custom earplugs made by traditional methods and optical ear scanning technologies, an evaluation was conducted. Custom earplugs were made by traditional methods using physical ear impressions and digital scans of physical ear impressions, and three different direct digital ear-scanning methods. The real-ear attenuation of the custom earplugs made from each method was evaluated using a standard test methodology. An additional measure, comfort index, was evaluated by questionnaire.
Methods
Sound attenuation testing was conducted at the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory (USAARL) in accordance with ANSI/ASA S12.6-2016 American National Standard Methods for Measuring the Real-Ear Attenuation of Hearing Protectors, Method A: Trained-subject fit (ANSI, 2016). USAARL acoustical testing facilities meet all of the real-ear attenuation at threshold (REAT) specifications outlined in the ANSI/ASA S12.6 standard and has recently been granted accreditation by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program of the National Bureau of Standards and Technology.
Twenty-four volunteer subjects (14 male, 10 female) were recruited for participation in the evaluation. All volunteers satisfied the subject requirements specified by ANSI/ASA S12.6. Three subjects were not able to participate in the study due to ear anatomy or excessive cerumen preventing ear impressions to be made. One subject was unable to return for testing. Twenty subjects (11 male, 9 female) completed the study.
Procedure
Each subject visited the laboratory on three separate occasions. On the first visit, subjects were given an informed-consent document to review and sign if they agreed to participate in the research study. After the informed consent document was signed, an otoscopic examination was performed. Subsequently, digital ear scans and physical ear impressions were obtained. Six pairs of custom earplugs were made for each subject, each from a different fabrication method. One pair was made from each of the three digital ear scanners evaluated, (AURA™ 3D ear scanning system by Lantos™ Technologies, 3Shape PHOENIX™ Scanner by 3Shape A/S, and eFit® scanner by United Sciences), one pair from physical ear impressions, one pair from digital scans of the physical impressions using a 3Shape A/S H600 scanner, and one pair was printed for each subject from one of the scanning methods previously mentioned, with the subjects divided into four groups of five subjects, each group being assigned pairs from one of the four systems.
To produce the earplugs, all eFit® scans, 3Shape scans, physical earmold impressions, and physical ear impression scans were sent to Westone® Laboratories (Colorado Springs, CO) for fabrication (custom earplug model AXHPK). Lantos scans were sent to Lantos Technologies for the production of custom earplugs from that system. Custom 3D-printed earplugs were also produced at USAARL from the various scanning methods as mentioned above, using an EnvisionTEC Perfactory®micro 3D printer with biocompatible materials. It should be noted that 3D printing was done as a proof-of-concept. Therefore, 20 pairs of custom earplugs were not printed from each scanning method due to additional cost and time that would have been required, which was not conducive to the study timeline or budget. Thus, a total of 20 pairs of custom earplugs were 3D printed (5 pairs from each of the 4 scanning methods).
After custom earplugs were fabricated, subjects returned to complete REAT testing and subjective questionnaires on comfort. Three custom earplugs were evaluated on each of the second and third visits. The order of the REAT tests was counterbalanced between subjects so that the first three earplugs evaluated by the first half of the subjects were evaluated last by the second half of the subjects.
Immediately after completing attenuation testing for each custom earplug, subjects completed a questionnaire on the perceived comfort while the hearing protector remained donned. The original comfort index was developed by Casali, Lam, and Epps (1987) and modified by Byrne, Davis, Shaw, Specht, and Holland (2011). The modified version described by Byrne et al. (2011) was used in the present study. The questionnaire consisted of 14 word pairs describing how the earplug felt to the individual. The word pairs were separated on a five-point scale with the word most associated with comfort representing a score of 1 and the word most associated with discomfort representing a 5. By summing the total points for the 14 word pairs, the comfort index ranged from 14 (most comfortable) to 70 (least comfortable).
Results
The mean attenuation results are shown in Figure 1, with the physical impression method showing the highest attenuation. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures on two factors (earplug fabrication method and octave-band center frequency) showed statistically significant differences between custom earplugs made from the different fabrication methods $F(30, 684) = 3.04$, $p < 0.001$. Post-hoc analysis using the Duncan multiple range test indicated statistically significant differences for each earplug fabrication method compared to the standard physical impression method at all test frequencies except for one method, which showed statistically significant differences at all but one frequency (Lantos at 2000 Hz). Furthermore, within the other five groups of fabrication methods there were no statistically significant differences between them at any test frequency.
The comfort scores are shown graphically in Figure 2. Lower scores represent more comfort, with eFit® earplugs showing the lowest score (i.e., highest comfort) on average and earplugs made from physical impression showing the highest score (i.e., least comfort) on average. ANOVA indicated statistically significant differences between the comfort scores of custom earplugs $F(5, 114) = 4.13, p = .001739$. Tukey HSD post-hoc analysis revealed statistically significant differences for earplugs made from physical impressions compared to 3Shape, Lantos, and eFit fabrication methods $p < 0.05$. There were no statistically significant differences between comfort scores of earplugs made from physical impressions compared to earplugs made from scanned impressions or 3D printed methods. There were no statistically significant differences between any other comfort scores.
**Discussion**
The results of this study indicate custom earplugs made from physical ear impressions were, on average, significantly higher attenuating than earplugs made from all other fabrication methods. The results also indicate perceived comfort of custom earplugs made from physical impressions was the lowest of all the fabrication methods evaluated in this study. This result is not surprising since other studies have indicated an inverse relationship between comfort and attenuation (Byrne et al., 2011).
All earplugs, excluding those made from physical impressions, were not significantly different from each other in terms of attenuation and comfort. While earplugs made by eFit® scans had the best mean comfort index (29), they were slightly less attenuating on average than earplugs made by Lantos, scanned impression, and physical impression methods. Thus, as attenuation decreased slightly, comfort slightly increased on average for these sets of earplugs. These differences were not significantly different but there appears to be a general inverse relationship between attenuation and perceived comfort for custom earplugs, similar to other types of earplugs.
While custom earplugs made from physical impressions showed the highest average attenuation, not all custom earplugs are made equally. The process to produce a custom earplug depends on many factors including the skill and technique of the person making the impressions as well as the manufacturing process. The same is likely true for...
digital scanning fabrication methods, which depend on how well the scan was taken as well as the digital modeling and manufacturing processes. Thus, while earplugs made from physical impressions showed the highest average attenuation across subjects, there were earplugs within this group that were less attenuating than earplugs made from other fabrication methods. This means that on an individual basis, some earplugs made from digital scanning methods may be more protective than the traditional fabrication method for certain individuals.
Our results highlights the need for a recognized hearing conservation best practice, namely, to fit-test hearing protection on an individual basis (OSHA/NHCA/NIOSH Alliance, 2008). Therefore, individual fit-testing of custom earplugs should likely be performed regardless of the type of fabrication method. In this way, the hearing conservationist can assess the level of hearing protection provided to the individual and determine if the HPD meets the needs for that individual. If the HPD does not provide sufficient attenuation for the intended application, it can be sent back for modification or a new earplug may be needed, which may include new impressions and/or scans.
It is also worth noting that custom earplugs made from digital scans of physical ear impressions, an accepted method currently used by earplug manufacturers, were not significantly different from direct digital scanning methods. Thus, digital scanning methods can produce custom earplugs generally as protective as one currently accepted fabrication method. However, earplugs fabricated from scans of physical impressions were significantly less protective than earplugs made from physical impressions. This important finding may need further investigation and possibly refining of the modeling and manufacturing process of earplugs made from impression scans.
Another note, digital ear scanning methods, specifically Lantos and eFit®, may allow for capturing deep earcanal geometries more safely than could otherwise be obtained from physical impressions because they permit scanning up to millimeters from the tympanic membrane (TM). Moreover, deep physical impressions can often be uncomfortable to unbearable for many individuals. This is because an audiologist or hearing professional must insert an otoblock and silicone material deep within the earcanal,
which presses against the thin layer of skin in the bony portion of the ear canal. This can be very uncomfortable for some individuals and a riskier procedure (compared to scanning) when attempting to take impressions needed for deeply fitted highly attenuating earplugs. Additionally, if the otoblock is not placed properly or in the event of a blow-by, the silicone material may have a higher chance of contacting the TM, which can lead to complications. It is also worth noting that in our study of 24 subjects, 15% of them could not be suitably fitted with custom earplugs since ear anatomy or excessive cerumen prevented ear impressions from being made in this research protocol. However, in a clinical setting, subjects could likely have excessive cerumen removed to permit ear impressions and abnormal ear anatomy would be left to the judgement of the clinician.
Finally, it may also be helpful to note that the AURA™ and 3Shape PHOENIX™ systems used in this study were not commercially available at the time of the study. The AURA™ system used in this study scanned only the ear canal and not the outer ear. Lantos Technologies has since launched a commercially available system, the “Lantos L3DS-19” which the manufacture states can capture data of the outer ear, including the upper and lower concha, in addition to the ear canal. 3Shape A/S has also stated their system has been upgraded and improved since this study.
**Conclusions**
The objective of this study was to determine if digital ear scanning technologies could be used for the production of custom earplugs. The ear scanning technologies evaluated in this study were capable of capturing ear canal geometries and producing 3D models that could be used to create custom earpieces. Custom earplugs produced from digital scanning technologies and traditional methods were evaluated for hearing protection and perceived comfort. The results suggest custom earplugs made from digital scanning methods provide significantly less hearing protection, on average, than earplugs produced from physical ear impressions, but conversely that perceived comfort was significantly higher for custom earplugs made from digital scanning methods compared to traditional methods.
Digital ear scanning provides potential advantages over traditional methods such as reduced logistical hurdles (digital files rather than physical molds), reduced time to obtain a model of the ear, and reduced discomfort for subjects. Digital ear scanning technologies are capable of capturing sufficient information, generally less invasively, than traditional methods to create custom earplugs. According to this study, however, custom earplugs made from digital scans were not as protective as custom earplugs made from physical impressions. Thus, if custom earplugs are wanted or needed with maximum levels of hearing protection, the physical impression method is likely the best option for producing them. However, if maximum sound attenuation is not needed, or if a subsequent in-situ fit test is conducted to verify the attenuation of the custom earplug, or if sound attenuation is not important, for example, as may be the case for hearing-aid or communication earpieces, digital scanning methods may be preferred.
**References**
ANSI(2016). “American National Standard Methods for Measuring the Real-Ear Attenuation of Hearing Protectors,” S12.6, American National Standards Institute, New York.
Byrne, D. C., Davis, R. R., Shaw, P. B., Specht, B. M., and Holland, A. N. (2011). “Relationship between comfort and attenuation measurements for two types of earplugs,” Noise and Health 13(51), 86-92. doi:10.4103/1463-1741.77193
Casali, J., Lam, S., & Epps, B. (1987). “Rating and ranking methods for hearing protector wearability,” Sound & Vibration 21(12), 10-19.
Du, Y., Homma, K., & Saunders, W. R. (2008). “Noise attenuation performance of deep-insert custom earplugs under single and double hearing protection,” Noise Control Eng. J. 56(3), 183–202.
Marshall, L., Weathersby, P., McCluskey, J., & Huebner, H. (2016). “The Introduction of Custom Earplugs Aboard LCS-1 (NSMRL/F1401/TM--2016-1315),” retrieved from Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory, Groton, CT: https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/1010659.pdf
OSHA/NHCA/NIOSH Alliance (2008). “Best practice bulletin: Hearing protection - Emerging trends: Individual fit testing,” retrieved from http://www.hearingconservation.org/as_allianceNHCA_OSHA.html
Tufts, J. B., Jahn, K. N., & Byram, J. P. (2013). “Consistency of attenuation across multiple fittings of custom and non-custom earplugs,” Ann Occup Hyg 57(5), 571-580. doi:10.1093/annhyg/mes096
Wynne, M. K., Kahn, J. M., Abel, D. J., & Allen, R. L. (2000). “External and middle ear trauma resulting from ear impressions,” J. Am. Acad. Audiol. 11(7), 351–360.
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DEN KOMPLETTA GUIDEN
TILL FULLSTÄNDIG TRYGGHET
SALTS
STOMA COLLAR
mcare
salts HEALTHCARE
SKAPA TRYGGHET MED SALTS STOMA COLLAR
Salts Stoma Collar är en unik och innovativ stomikrage som bildar en läckagefri barriär vid stomins bas. Det är mycket viktigt att den passar perfekt, utan att vare sig sitta för löst eller för tajt.
Salts Stoma Collar hindrar påsens innehåll från att komma i kontakt med den känsliga huden runt stomin. Den kan också bidra till att utgöra ett stöd och forma stomin till en tydligare ”knopp”. Stomikragen kan användas i alla åldrar och på alla typer av stomier för att undvika röd, öm och irriterad hud.
Läckage kan uppstå om stomikragen inte används
Stomikragen bildar en barriär för att undvika läckage
Salts Stoma Collar hjälper stomiopererade med alla typer av stomier att undvika röd, öm och irriterad hud.
SKAPA TRYGGHET MED SALTS STOMA COLLAR
MJUK OCH FLEXIBEL KRAGE
Kragen på Salts Stoma Collar är mycket turn och flexibel. Den följer kroppens alla rörelser, men är hela tiden mjukt omsluten runt stomin. Det är ingen risk att den stramar åt kring stomin.
HUDVÄNLIG PLATTA
Den mycket hudvänliga plattan har erkänts av British Skin Foundation och är dermatologiskt ackrediterad av Skin Health Alliance. Den passar alla, även de med ung, känslig och ömtälig hud.
EFFEKTIV OCH SKONSAM HÄFTA
Häftan på Salts Stoma Collar är effektiv, men samtidigt mycket mjuk och bekväm.
PERFEKT HÖJD OCH STORLEKAR
Höjd och storlek har utvecklats tillsammans med stomiopererade. Om kragen är för hög går det utmärkt att klippa den till lämplig nivå.
Stomikragen är mycket mjuk och flexibel. Den följer kroppens alla rörelser, men är hela tiden mjukt omsluten runt stomin.
FUNGERAR PÅ OVALA STOMIER
Salts Stoma Collar är så flexibel att den kan formas till att passa en oval stomi. Ta en storlek som är aningen större än stomin, men som ändå kan sluta tätt intill större delen av stomins bas, så att den kan förebygga läckage.
SALTS STOMA COLLAR PASSAR PÅ ALLA TYPER AV STOMIER
Salts Stoma Collar fungerar som en läckagesäker barriär vid stomins bas och kan användas av alla. Man kan tro att kragen bara passar stomier som är helt runda, men det stämmer inte. Den passar också stomier som är låga, långa eller ovals. Det har även visat sig att Salts Stoma Collar har varit en perfekt lösning för stomier som omges av gropar, veck eller bräck. Dessa ojämnheter kan behöva fyllas ut med stomipasta eller hudskyddsringar.
8 STORLEKAR
Rätt storlek på Salts Stoma Collar innebär att den kan fungera effektivt. Stomikragen är designad för att hindra påsens innehåll från att hamna på huden runt stomin. Därför måste kragen sluta tätt intill stomin utan att sitta för tajt eller för löst.
Salts Stoma Collar finns i åtta olika storlekar. Använd storleksguiden för att enkelt finna rätt storlek på kragen och uppnå perfekt passform.
LÄTT ATT ANVÄNDA
Det finns olika sätt att kombinera Salts Stoma Collar med stomibandaget. På nästa sida finner du två olika sätt. Det är viktigt att prova sig fram tills du hittar en perfekt passform för din patient.
DET FINNS MER ÄN ETT SÄTT ATT SÄTTA SALTS STOMA COLLAR PÅ PLATS
**METOD 1**
(för 1- and 2-delsanvändare)
Ta bort skyddsfilmen och fäst Salts Stoma Collar runt stomin. Sätt sedan stomipåsen ovanpå.
**METOD 2**
(för 1-delsanvändare)
Fäst Salts Stoma Collar på plattans baksida. Ta sedan av skyddsfilmen och sätt hela stomibandaget runt stomin.
**METOD 2**
(för 2-delsanvändare)
Fäst Salts Stoma Collar på plattans baksida. Ta sedan av skyddsfilmen, sätt stomikragen + plattan runt stomin och fäst slutligen påsen ovanpå.
VILKEN METOD SOM ÄN ANVÄNDS, SÅ FÖLJER SALTS STOMA COLLAR MED STOMIBANDAGET NÄR DET TAS BORT.
10 -ÅRIG POJKE – ÖKAD ANVÄNDNINGSTID
FALLSTUDIE:
Salts Stoma Collar kan öka användningstiden av stomibandage, men även stärka självförtroendet hos barn som går i skolan.
PATIENT:
10-årig pojke. Storbritannien.
TYP AV STOMI:
Ileostomi till följd av Hirschsprungs sjukdom.
INNAN SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Hirschsprungs sjukdom är ett medfött tillstånd som innebär att tjocktarmen saknar nervceller vilket i sin tur förhindrar normal peristaltik och därmed kräver att det drabbade området av tarmen opereras bort.
Denna patient diagnostiserades med Hirschsprungs sjukdom i hela tjocktarmen och följaktligen opererades hans tjocktarm bort. Han har tidigare haft stomi, både som spådbarn och som 3–åring, vilka båda blev nedlägda, samt en tredje stomi på grund av kraftig tunntarmsutvidgning 2004. År 2007 genomgick pojken en operation för sitt korttarmssyndrom i syfte att förlänga tarmytan och sedan kunna lägga ner stomin. Men då han ännu inte har velat göra någon ytterligare operation, har han de senaste fyra åren haft en ileostomi.
Pojkens ileostomi har höga flöden, och ibland kunde han tömma upp till 10 gånger per dag. Då läckage ofta uppstod innebar det att han förbrukade upp till 13 påsar per dag. Detta skapade en svår situation i både skolan och på fritiden.
MED SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Efter att ha provat många olika produkter och hjälpmedel för att förhindra läckage, testade pojkens stomiterapeut Salts Stoma Collar när den kom till marknaden i hopp om att denna krage skulle vara lösningen.
RESULTAT:
Användningen av Salts Stoma Collar har förbättrat pojkens livskvalitet avsevärt. Numera använder han max två påsar per dag, och ibland kan till och med en och samma påse användas i hela 24 timmar. Salts Stoma Collar fungerar så pass bra att föräldrarna ibland måste påminna pojken om att tömma sin påse eftersom att han själv glömmer bort att han har den.
Pojken kan numera delta i skolans aktiviteter, och vägar sova borta hos kompisar. Han har till och med badat för första gången.
FÖRÄLDRARNAS REAKTION:
Pojkens mamma har beskrivit resultaten såhär:
“Salts Stoma Collar har förändrat våra liv. Utan den skulle vår son fortfarande ha problem med läckage.”
2-ÅRIG POJKE – FÖRBÄTTRAD ANVÄNDNINGSTID
FALLSTUDIE:
Salts Stoma Collar kan även användas till mindre barn för att förhindra läckage och därmed göra det möjligt för dem att lära sig att leva ett normalt liv.
PATIENT:
2-årig pojke. Storbritannien.
TYP AV STOMI:
Ileostomi till följd av intestinal pseudo-obstruktion vid tre månaders ålder.
INNAN SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Pojken som fick en ileostomi vid tre månaders ålder drog ofta i stomipåsen på grund av den unga åldern. Detta resulterade i läckage och att påsen därför behövde bytas oftare, samt att huden runt stomin blev sårig.
BEHANDLING:
På grund av att huden runt stomin blev sårig, kontaktade föräldrarna pojkens stomiterapeut som föreslog Salts Stoma Collar för att skydda den peristomala huden.
EFTER SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Efter regelbunden användning av Salts Stoma Collar är huden runt stomin helt återställd och pojken kan använda samma påse i upp till 48 timmar.
FÖRÄLDRARNAS REAKTION:
Föräldrarna berättar att Salts Stoma Collar har underlättat skötseln av pojkens stomi. Stomikragen är klar att använda direkt vilket gör att stomibandaget enkelt och snabbt byts och deras son får mer tid att leka med sina kompisar.
FALLSTUDIE:
Även vid låga stomi i hudplan, kan Salts Stoma Collar fungera som en perfekt krage för att lösa problem med läckage och sårig hud.
PATIENT:
67-årig kvinna.
TYP AV STOMI:
Låg urostomi i hudplan.
INNAN SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Kvinnan opererades 2003 och har sedan dess haft sin urostomi. Då stomin blev mycket låg, i nivå med huden som bild 1 visar, innebar det svårigheter att hitta ett stomibandage som inte läckte. Läckage gjorde att patienten blev tvungen att byta påse två till tre gånger per dag. Huden runt stomin blev röd och sårig som ett resultat av detta.
BEHANDLING:
Kvinnan provade Salts Stoma Collar och använde sig av metod 1 för att sätta stomikragen på plats, se bild 2. Cirka 1 mm marginal lämnades runt stomin för att det skulle finnas utrymme om stomin expanderade, se bild 3. Bild 4 visar när en konvex stomipåse sedan har placerats ovanpå.
RESULTAT:
Salts Stoma Collar hjälpte kvinnan att bli fri från urinläckage, vilket förbättrade hennes livskvalitet. Påsen byts numera varannan dag och hennes självförtroende har ökat avsevärt.
STOMIKOMPLIKATIONER – ÖKAT SJÄLVFÖRTROENDE
FALLSTUDIE:
Salts Stoma Collar förebygger skador på stomins ömtåliga slemhinna eftersom att Alphathane® materialet i kragen är så tunt och flexibelt att det hela tiden mjukt omsluter stomin. Det är därför ingen risk att kragen stramar åt kring stomin.
PATIENT:
60-årig man. Sydvästra Storbritannien.
INNAN SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Mannens stomi har reopererats tre gånger och flyttats två gånger. Han har även lidit av flertalet stopp i tarmen på grund av bräck och stenos. Patienten upplevde även ett flertal läckage av avföring under stomibandaget varje vecka.
PRODUKTER:
Patienten använde sig av stomipasta för att skapa en plan yta, Salts Stoma Collar, en mjuk konvex påse och ett bälte.
RESULTAT:
Efter att mannen började använda Salts Stoma Collar har läckageproblemen upphört. Eftersom att han numera kan ha samma påse i mellan 24 till 48 timmar, har även hans självförtroende förbättrats. Den peristomala huden ser irriterad ut, men är inte öm.
1 Visar hur stomin pekar åt sidan.
2 Bild från sidan med Salts Stoma Collar.
3 Salts Stoma Collar med ett litet snitt för att möjliggöra ett fritt flöde av avföring till påsen. 4 och 5 Salts Stoma Collar är på plats. 6 Huden runt stomin har läkt.
STOMIKOMPLIKATIONER – ÖKAT SJÄLVFÖRTROENDE
FALLSTUDIE:
När det kommer till loopstomier är det viktigt att se till att den distala delen av stomin inte täckas av hydrokolloiden på Salts Stoma Collar.
PATIENT:
64-årig man. Australien.
INNAN SALTS STOMA COLLAR:
Mannen genomgick en ultralåg anteriorresektion med loopileostomi på grund av rektalcancer.
Direkt efter operationen fungerade stomiskötseln väl och mannen upplevde inga problem med sitt stomibandage eller den peristomala huden.
Efter den andra omgången av cellgiftsbehandling började han däremot uppleva problem med sin stomi till följd av mätligt svår mukosit. Han remitterades därför till sin stomiterapeut för att undersökas och sedan vidare till onkologen.
Vid undersökningen visade det sig att mannens avföring var grötlik i konsistensen. Hans stomi var ödematös 2 cm hög på den proximala tarmen. På grund av inflammationen i slenmhinnan hade stomin lätt för att börja blöda. Då blodflödet var svårt att stoppa blev det mer eller mindre omöjligt att byta påse och det stora blodflödet orsakade läckage nästan omedelbart. För att öka tryggheten och bli fri från läckage provade mannen både 1- och 2-delsbandage innan besöket hos stomiterapeuten. Den peristomala huden var i gott skick och magen var platt så det gick att använda en plan platta. Höjden på stomin ändrades inte på grund av de peristaltiska rörelserna.
ANLEDNINGAR TILL ATT SALTS STOMA COLLAR ANVÄNDES:
Det fanns två anledningar till att Salts Stoma Collar rekommenderades till mannen: först och främst, den mjuka kragen skyddar den känsliga slenmhinnan från att skadas vid byte av stomibandage, vilket minskar risken för blödningar.
Vidare, eftersom att basen på Salts Stoma Collar är gjord av hudvänlig hydrokolloid så var det möjligt att klippa hålet i plattan lite större. På så vis minskade det risken för ytterligare trauma på stomislemhinnan vid applicering av stomibandaget.
RESULTAT:
Mannens kan nu använda samma stomibandage i upp till 72 timmar, istället för endast 24 timmar som tidigare var max. Salts Stoma Collar minskade även risken för skador på stomins slenmhinnan och blödningar som följd tack vare minskat antal byten av stomibandage. Samtidigt skyddades den peristomala huden.
Användningen av Salts Stoma Collar minskade risken för skador på stomins slenmhinnan och blödningar som följd tack vare minskat antal byten av stomibandage.
STOMIKOMPLIKATIONER – ÖKAD ANVÄNDNINGSTID
FALLSTUDIE:
Salts Stoma Collar har visat sig vara den perfekta lösningen om du lider av problem såsom smärta, irritation eller sårig hud.
PATIENT:
34-årig man, mekaniker, aktiv. Storbritannien.
TYPE OF STOMA:
Initiellt diagnostiserad med ulcerös kolit, gjorde en kolektomi och ileostomi för åtta år sedan.
Bäckenreservoar för sex år sedan.
Nedläggning av ileostomin för fem år sedan.
För tre år sedan fick han en loop-ileostomi till följd av fistelproblematik.
Efter det konverterades loop-ileostomin till en endostomi.
Mannen är nu under utredning för att eventuellt diagnosteras med Crohn’s sjukdom.
TIDIGARE PRODUKTER:
2-delsanvändare med en mjuk konvex platta. Hudens runt stomin var sårig vilket orsakade kraftiga smärtor och gjorde att mannen hade svårt att böja sig ner. Med stomiterapeutens hjälp provade mannen att byta till en annan mjuk konvex platta vilket gjorde att majoriteten av smärtorna lindrades. Problemen med sårig och öm hud runt stomin kvarstod dock.
Mannen använde sig av puder vilket förbättrade situationen något. Samma platta kunde användas i högst 1–2 dagar, men till följd av sitt sociala och aktiva liv ville han slippa byta så ofta. Han önskade även att börja använda ett icke konvext stomibandage.
Slutligen drabbades mannen också av granulom på stomin vilka blödde lätt.
LÖSNING:
Mannen provade Salts Stoma Collar och användningstiden ökade till fyra dagar. Det har även hänt att han har kunnat ha samma platta i hela sju dagar utan att huden blivit irriterad.
Efter två dagar försvann smärtan och det såriga området under plattan. Istället för att byta platta redan efter ett par dagar på grund av att huden är irriterad, byter han numera platta när han känner för det.
Mannen slutade använda en konvex platta och har nu istället gått över till en plan platta.
Han har mindre granulom som blöder och han känner sig i allmänhet glädare. Smärtorna har försvunnit och tiden som han kan ha samma stomibandage har fördubblats.
Smärtorna har försvunnit och användningstiden har fördubblats.
SALTS STOMA COLLAR (DERMACOL®)
Den unika stomikragen bildar en läckagefri barriär vid stomins bas och hindrar uttömning att komma i kontakt med den känsliga huden runt stomin. Den kan också bidra till att utgöra ett stöd och forma stomin till en tydligare "knopp." Kragen på Stoma Collar är mycket tunn och flexibel. Den följer kroppens alla rörelser men är hela tiden mjukt omsluten runt stomin.
| SALTS STOMA COLLAR (DERMACOL®) | STORLEK PÅ STOMIN | ANTAL | PRODUKTKOD | VARUNR |
|---------------------------------|------------------|-------|------------|--------|
| 17,5 mm–20 mm | 30 | DC20 | 732130 |
| 20,5 mm–23 mm | 30 | DC23 | 220499 |
| 23,5 mm–26 mm | 30 | DC26 | 220500 |
| 26,5 mm–29 mm | 30 | DC29 | 220501 |
| 29,5 mm–32 mm | 30 | DC32 | 220502 |
| 32,5 mm–35 mm | 30 | DC35 | 220503 |
| 35,5 mm–38 mm | 30 | DC38 | 220504 |
| 38,5 mm–41 mm | 30 | DC41 | 732132 |
SALTS FLANGE EXTENDER (SECUPLAST® HYDRO MED ALOE VERA OCH SECUPLAST® HYDRO)
Salts Flange Extender (SecuPlast® Hydro med Aloe Vera)
Ibland behövs förstärkning runt plattans kanter. Salts Flange Extender (SecuPlast® Hydro med Aloe Vera) kan erbjuda en enkel och effektiv lösning. De tunna och mycket hudvänliga remsorna av hydrokolloid är lätt att använda och kan ge ökad säkerhet och trygghet. Aloe Vera kan återfukta huden.
Salts Flange Extender (SecuPlast® Hydro)
Tunna och smidiga remsor av hydrokolloid kan förstärka plattans kanter och bidra till att förlänga bandagets användningstid.
| SALTS FLANGE EXTENDER (SECUPLAST® HYDRO MED ALOE VERA) | BESKRIVNING | ANTAL | PRODUKTKOD | VARUNR |
|---------------------------------------------------------|-------------|-------|------------|--------|
| Längd: 122 mm, Bredd: 33 mm, Tjocklek: 0,6 mm | 30 | SPHA2 | 730968 |
| SALTS FLANGE EXTENDER (SECUPLAST® HYDRO) | BESKRIVNING | ANTAL | PRODUKTKOD | VARUNR |
|------------------------------------------|-------------|-------|------------|--------|
| Längd: 122 mm, Bredd: 33 mm, Tjocklek: 0,6 mm | 30 | SPH1 | 204923 |
SALTS STOMIPASTA
Stomipasta kan användas för att fylla ut ojämnheter eller som tätning vid läckageproblem. Stomipastan är lätt att hantera och torkar på cirka 30 sekunder.
| SALTS STOMIPASTA | BESKRIVNING | ANTAL | PRODUKTKOD | VARUNR |
|------------------|-------------|-------|------------|--------|
| Stomipasta | 60 g | SP60 | 280768 |
Hudvård för stomiopererade
Hel och oskadad hud är en förutsättning för okomplicerad bandagering av en stomi. Salts Healthcare är stolta över att vara den första tillverkaren av stomibandage som ackrediterats av British Skin Foundation, för sin forskning och utveckling av hudvänliga stomiplattor. Salts Healthcare kan med glädje meddela att deras sortiment av stomiprodukter är det första som erhåller ytterligare en försäkran om hudvänlighet, nämligen ”Dermatologically Accredited”-stämpeln från Skin Health Alliance.
Ett särskilt stort tack går till alla patienter och stomiterapeuter som deltagit. Prova Salts Stoma Collar på patienter som upplever problem med läckage, sårig hud runt stomin eller behöver stärka sitt självförtroende. Salts Stoma Collar kan förändra deras liv.
Varmt välkommen att kontakta oss för mer information eller gratis prover:
046-29 24 00
firstname.lastname@example.org
www.mcare.se
M Care mcare.se
@SaltsHealthcare SaltsHealthcare
RM765883 01/22
©Registered trade marks of Salts Healthcare Ltd. ©Salts Healthcare Ltd 2022. Products and trade marks of Salts Healthcare Ltd are protected by UK and foreign patents, registered designs and trade marks. For further details, please visit www.salts.co.uk | 8f811d7a-0ce3-4161-8a84-c85c30b05590 | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/swe_Latn/train | finepdfs | swe_Latn | 17,774 |
Municipio Roma VII U.O. Amministrativa Ufficio Consiglio e Commissioni
ESTRATTO DAL VERBALE DEL CONSIGLIO DEL MUNICIPIO
Seduta del 23 Aprile 2009
VERBALE N. 29
L'anno duemilanove, il giorno di giovedì ventitrè del mese di Aprile alle ore 16,40 nei locali del Municipio Roma VII, siti in Via Prenestina, 510, si è riunito in seduta pubblica previa trasmissione degli inviti per le ore 16,00 dello stesso giorno il Consiglio del Municipio.
Assume la presidenza dell'assemblea: Marinucci Cesare.
Assolve le funzioni di Segretario il Direttore del Municipio Dr. Raffaele Di Mauro, coadiuvato dal Funzionario Amministrativo Fabio Di Ricco.
A questo punto, il Presidente dispone che si proceda all'appello per la verifica del numero dei Consiglieri intervenuti.
Eseguito l'appello, il Presidente dichiara che sono presenti i sottoriportati n. 19 Consiglieri:
Risultano assenti i Consiglieri: Di Biase Michela, Flamini Fabrizio, Giuliani Claudio, Mastrantonio Roberto, Pietrosanti Antonio, Rosi Alessandro.
Il Presidente constatato che il numero degli intervenuti è sufficiente per la validità della seduta agli effetti deliberativi, dichiara aperta l'adunanza e designa, quali scrutatori i Consiglieri Berchicci Armilla, Fannunza Cecilia, Vinzi Lorena, invitandoli a non allontanarsi dall'aula senza darne comunicazione alla Presidenza.
(O M I S S I S)
Alle 16,50 entra in aula il Consigliere Pietrosanti Antonio.
(O M I S S I S)
RISOLUZIONE N. 10
Adeguamento organico del Servizio Sociale
Premesso
Che il Municipio Roma VII ha un'estensione di 20 Kmq. ed un bacino di utenza di circa 121.000 abitanti;
Che nel territorio di competenza, che comprende i quartieri di Centocelle, La Rustica, Quarticciolo, Tor Tre Teste, Tor Sapienza e Alessandrino, esiste una collettività residente che presenta una molteplicità di problematiche sociali, economiche, esistenziali, con l'aggiunta di una forte presenza di popolazione straniera;
Visto
Che vi è un aumento e nuove forme di disagio sociale ( quali la solitudine urbana, le difficoltà psicologiche e di adattamento, le diverse povertà, forme di microcriminalità, la presenza e le difficoltà di inserimento di immigrati,etc.) che richiedono una lettura accurata e risposte sempre più attente in termini di politiche, interventi e servizi sociali;
Che l'intervento del Servizio Sociale prevede che ogni persona debba essere sostenuta ed accompagnata sulla base di un progetto personalizzato e condiviso che, con l'applicazione della Legge 328/2000 " Legge quadro per la realizzazione del sistema integrato di interventi e servizi sociali ", orienta la rete di servizi al fine di realizzare gli obiettivi individuati dalla lettura dei bisogni e di rispondere ai principi ispiratori del Piano Regolatore Sociale;
Valutata
L'importanza che riveste, nella realizzazione del sistema integrato di interventi e servizi, il Servizio Sociale Professionale, in quanto spazio istituzionale deputato alla presa in carico globale della persona nel suo territorio, punto di attivazione delle sinergie, di raccordo e snodo della rete, data la professionalità e la competenza specifica dei suoi operatori;
Considerato
Che attualmente presso il Servizio Sociale Professionale del Municipio Roma VII operano 12 assistenti sociali, di cui 8 a tempo indeterminato e 4 assunti recentemente a tempo determinato ( ex assistenti sociali interinali );
Che tale organico è da considerarsi del tutto insufficiente in riferimento alle richieste di intervento, alla varietà e alla complessità delle problematiche seguite, nonché al numero delle persone in carico, come sottolineato anche dalle specifiche richieste del Dirigente dell'UOSECS;
Che il Concorso pubblico per 30 posti di assistente sociale, bandito dal Comune di Roma è in via di espletamento, ma richiederà ancora tempo prima di essere definito;
Visto il parere favorevole espresso all'unanimità dalla Commissione Servizi Sociali nella seduta del 12 marzo 2009;
Visto il parere favorevole della Giunta Municipale espresso nella seduta del 16 aprile 2009;
Visto il parere favorevole espresso a maggioranza dalla Commissione Personale nella seduta del 1° aprile 2009
IL CONSIGLIO DEL MUNICIPIO ROMA VII
Per i motivi sopra esposti
Esprime apprezzamento per l'impegno professionale manifestato dagli assistenti sociali e dagli altri operatori del Servizio Sociale Municipale, malgrado la carenza d'organico che perdura da anni.
Impegna il Presidente e la Giunta del Municipio:
* a rappresentare al Dipartimento V del Comune di Roma la carenza di organico del Servizio Sociale del VII Municipio;
* a richiedere la sollecita definizione delle procedure del concorso già espletato relativo al personale del Servizio Sociale Professionale, dove vengono indicati 68 assistenti sociali vincitori di concorso per l'intero territorio comunale, numero assolutamente non adeguato ad affrontare in modo efficace il sempre maggiore disagio sociale dovuto alla complessità della società ed alle negative contingenze economiche e sociali ricadenti sul territorio municipale;
* a richiedere, pertanto, un aumento della dotazione organica di assistente sociale per il VII Municipio di n. 10 posti;
* a mettere in atto ogni opportuna misura per sostenere l'impegno degli operatori del Servizio Sociale e ad assicurare forme di tutela per la sicurezza nei posti di lavoro per consentire l'espletamento del Servizio con dignità ed accoglienza tempestiva dei bisogni dell'utenza.
(O M I S S I S)
Non sorgendo ulteriori osservazioni, il Presidente invita il Consiglio a procedere, nei modi dalla legge voluti, alla votazione della suestesa proposta di Risoluzione.
Procedutosi alla votazione, per alzata di mano, il Presidente medesimo assistito dagli scrutatori, ne riconosce e proclama l'esito che è il seguente:
Approvata all'unanimità con 9 astenuti (Mercuri Aldo, Di Matteo Paolo, Paoletti Sergio, Figliomeni Francesco, Ciocca Giulio, Corsi Emiliano, Rossetti Alfonso, Tedesco Cheren, Vinzi Lorena)).
Assume il n. 10.
(O M I S S I S)
Il PRESIDENTE
(Cesare Marinucci)
IL SEGRETARIO (Dr. Raffaele Di Mauro) | <urn:uuid:a320e42f-df91-45b7-9565-062f05a54a41> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/ita_Latn/train | finepdfs | ita_Latn | 6,100 |
Acoustic Signal Processing In Passive Sonar System With
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Acoustic Signal Processing In Passive
ACOUSTIC SIGNAL PROCESSING IN PASSIVE SONAR SYSTEM Acoustic signal processing is a multistage process. It is directly determined by the idea of the system which transforms simultaneously signals from four frequency ranges and is based on the algorithm of the delay-and-sum beamformer operating in the frequency domain.
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Get better acoustics. In the Battlefield Acoustics Signal Processing course, you will learn the basic physical principles underlying the propagation of acoustic signals in the atmosphere. These environmental factors influence sound near the ground and typical sources of noise that degrade the performance of acoustic signal processing systems. Discover techniques, such as hardware configuration ...
Passive Acoustic Sensing Systems Engineering | GTPE
Sonar systems are generally used underwater for range finding and detection. Active sonar emits an acoustic signal, or pulse of sound, into the water. The sound bounces off the target object and returns an "echo" to the sonar transducer. Unlike active sonar, passive sonar does not emit its own signal, which is an advantage for military vessels. But passive sonar cannot measure the range of an object unless it is used in conjunction with other passive listening devices. Multiple passive ...
Sonar signal processing - Wikipedia
[Books] Acoustic Signal Processing In Passive Sonar System With The legality of Library Genesis has been in question since 2015 because it allegedly grants access to pirated copies of books and paywalled articles, but the site remains standing and open to the public.
[Books] Acoustic Signal Processing In
Acoustic signals from seafloor hydrothermal vents are of particular scientific interest because of the vents' potential to harbor extant life. Thus, passive acoustic techniques may be uniquely poised to detect these astrobiologically relevant phenomena. Figure 1.
Deep Ocean Passive Acoustic Technologies for Exploration ...
Signal Processing in Passive SONAR systems Dr. Ahmed Mahmood Acoustic Research Laboratory (ARL) National University of Singapore (NUS) Recorded observations • Time-domain signal • Multiple samples. Spectral representation • Spectra analysis offers us insight into how the noise
Signal Processing in Passive SONAR systems
acoustic system science and engineering to provide the warfighter with enhanced situational awareness. Acoustic systems are either . passive, in that they exploit the acoustic noise radiated by a source (its so-called . sound signature), or active, where they insonify the target and process the echo information. Submarine Sonar. Optimal Beamforming
Defense Applications of Acoustic Signal Processing
SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR MULTICARRIER MODULATION IN UNDERWATER ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION AND PASSIVE RADAR Christian R. Berger, Ph.D. University of Connecticut, 2009 This dissertation focuses on advanced signal processing techniques for mul-ticarrier modulation in two application scenarios: underwater acoustic (UWA) communication and passive radar.
SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR MULTICARRIER MODULATION IN ...
passive sonar system that has been installed in a submarine. Finally, Section 6 presents conclusions and the perspectives for passive sonar signal processing. 2.Spectral analysis In this section, both DEMON and LOFAR analysis are described. Their aim is to detect and classify the targets from a given DOA. 2.1DEMON analysis
Passive Sonar Signal Detection and Classi cation Based on ...
Passive acoustic location involves the detection of sound or vibration created by the object being detected, which is then analyzed to determine the location of the object in question. Both of these techniques, when used in water, are known as sonar; passive sonar and active sonar are both widely used.
Acoustic location - Wikipedia
state-of-the-art in underwater acoustic array signal processing. His research has spanned several areas in array signal processing including adaptive array processing, dominant mode rejection beamforming, towed-array shape estimation, and multi-line arrays as well as other areas such as longrange acoustic communications and medical acoustics.
Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing Workshop
The application of the passive acoustic method for small vessel detection, classification, and tracking in noisy and busy urban environments requires the development of novel methods of signal processing. These methods are presented in this paper. Passive acoustic methods are based on the detection of sound produced by moving vessels.
DEMON Acoustic Ship Signature Measurements in an Urban Harbor
This book provides comprehensive coverage of the detection and processing of signals in underwater acoustics. Background material on active and passive sonar systems, underwater acoustics, and statistical signal processing makes the book a self-contained and valuable resource for graduate students, researchers, and active practitioners alike.
Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing | SpringerLink
Adaptive processing in non-stationary interference; Detection, localization or tracking, and classification; Underwater acoustic communications; Marine mammal related acoustic signal processing; Multistatic sonar signal processing; Performance analysis for active and passive sonar; Physicsbased signal processing algorithm design and analysis
IEEE Underwater Acoustic Signal Processing Workshop
Physical Acoustics Autonomy for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUV) Acoustic Stealth for Underwater Systems Counter Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (CUUV) Active & Passive Distributed Autonomous Systems (DAS) Target Scattering Modeling for Multi-Statics Structural Acoustics Sonar (Acoustic Color) for MCM/ ASW Zero and Low Doppler Sonar Signal Processing Synthetic Aperture Sonar
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Research Areas | Acoustics Division
A common task in passive sonar systems is to estimate the difference in times at which different sensors receive the same signal. Time-delay estimation is a first stage that feeds into subsequent processing blocks.
The past, present, and the future of underwater acoustic ...
Kraken's new Acoustic Signal Processing Group has 80+ years of combined experience in sonar systems development and integration. Their core competency is implementation of digital signal processing and user interface software for ASW sonar applications. ... active and passive array technology improvements, hardware and software upgrades of ...
Kraken Establishes Acoustic Signal Processing Group ...
Marine Mammal Tags and Passive Acoustic Signal Processing. Benton H. Calhoun . 351 McCormick Road . PO Box 400743 . Charlottesville, VA 22904 . phone: (434) 243-2076 fax: (434) 924-8818 email: firstname.lastname@example.org. Brian Otis . M430 EE Box 352500 . University of Washington . Seattle, WA 98195 . phone: (206) 616-5995 email: email@example.com. David Mann
Copyright code: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.
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Alter Educ : S'informer pour innover
TERRAIN
« L'école c'est bien, mais… », un livre écrit et réalisé par les jeunes de LST Namur
Aller au sommaire du n° 10
13/02/2001
--
Sort de presse sous peu, un livre pas comme les autres, écrit par des jeunes de milieux défavorisés, sur la façon dont ils vivent l'école. Âgés de 12 à 18 ans, ces jeunes se retrouvent un jeudi sur deux dans les locaux de Lutte Solidarité Travail (LST)1, une association qui lutte depuis presque trente ans contre la pauvreté en se servant de la solidarité comme levier de changement.
Ce livre est une compilation des paroles des jeunes tout au long des rencontres du jeudi. Un jeune y explique : « Je serais un fils de riches, je serais en 6e année. Eux, on ne leur dit pas : t'es un fils de chômeurs, ce qu'on te dit depuis que t'es tout petit, que tu seras chômeur, alors tu te dis que tu seras vraiment chômeur. Par contre, si on t'encourage à l'école, tu auras envie de travailler. » Les paroles des jeunes sont consignées mot à mot dans un carnet de bord qu'ils peuvent lire comme ils veulent, où ils peuvent vérifier si leurs phrases ne sont pas trahies. Ces paroles qui mettent parfois longtemps à émerger. Cécile Parent, animatrice du projet : « Le projet du livre a pris corps quand ATD a proposé à LST de faire un groupe jeunesse au parlement européen en 1990 à Strasbourg. C'était déjà le thème de l'école Et les jeunes ont désiré continuer leur réflexion. Dans le carnet de bord s'y annote tout ce qui est dit, y compris la manière dont ils ressentent les Conseils de participation dans les écoles, c'est-à-dire comme des lieux de dénonciation ou de délation… ». Elle note que « les enfants défavorisés sont éternellement rejetés dans les écoles et finissent par être renvoyés. Ils font une moyenne de 10 écoles, un peu comme pour le logement. Ils déménagent d'école comme ils déménagent de logement ».
Mais ce livre est aussi l'occasion de coucher par écrit ce qu'ils ont joué, exprimé dans des ateliers : l'atelier théâtre-images où ils faisaient de leurs corps des statues, celle de l'assistant social, de l'enseignant, du directeur d'école, tels qu'ils les voient. Il y a aussi l'atelier BD où un jeune s'est dessiné en classe avec un tas de vidanges à côté de lui, ces vidanges qu'il n'avait pas eu le temps de porter avant d'aller à l'école pour se faire un peu de sous. Et cet autre qui dessine un squelette car « l'école, on s'y ennuie, c'est mortel ».
Le livre décrit aussi les rapports difficiles avec l'argent qu'on n'a pas. Pour Cécile Parent : « l'école coûte aux parents dix à quinze mille francs à la rentrée scolaire. Comment ils font ? Ils ne paient pas le loyer ou retardent une facture Un de ces derniers jeudis, Cristelle, seize ans, a ces mots superbes : « Je vais à l'école car j'ai un but. Que mes enfants aient ce dont ils ont besoin ». Mais c'est dur d'aller à l'école quand on n'a pas d'argent. Elle dit encore : « Les filles à papas, elles ne regardent pas ce qu'on a à l'intérieur, elles te jugent trop vite. Elles regardent seulement si tu portes des vêtements de marque ». Quant à Véronique : « Les fins de mois c'est dur. C'est dur de payer des vêtements. On n'est pas considérées comme amies si on est mal habillées. Je ne veux pas montrer que je suis dans la misère, alors je joue la pétasse ».
Et Jonathan, le faux dur, martèle très fort : « Pour moi, une journée à l'école, c'est une journée en enfer. Pour moi, vivre c'est l'enfer. J'apprends plus à la télé qu'à l'école. Je me dis qu'il doit y avoir une vie après la mort et que je pourrai tout recommencer à zéro. Quand je serai mort, je serai content car je ne penserai plus ». Et Cécile Parent tient à dire : « Pourtant Jonathan, à l'école primaire, cela marchait comme sur des roulettes. Et en plus il a des doigts en or, il sait faire plein de trucs ». Pour ces jeunes, ce livre est un petit miracle. Ils peuvent en tirer une fierté susceptible de contrebalancer les rejets, les exclusions que génère l'école. Le comble, c'est de ne même pas oser dire dans leur propre école qu'ils ont réalisé un livre car comme l'exprime Cristelle « Je ne veux pas que mon école sache que j'ai dur. Je ne veux pas qu'ils me reconnaissent dans le livre ». Et pourtant, elle n'a pas à être gênée quand elle dit dans le livre : « Je voudrais dire aux jeunes qu'il faut avoir de l'ambition, de l'espoir. Faut pas se dire qu'on est dans la merde… ». Et plus loin : « J'imagine mon avenir en grand ».
Une chanson conçue et chantée par les jeunes sera enregistrée sur CD-ROM pour ponctuer la sortie du livre : « Dans ce monde de glace, nous voulons notre place ». livre et le Conseil communal de Namur a donné son accord pour financer l'impression.
La Fondation Roi Baudouin a octroyé 50 000 BEF de subsides pour la mise en place du La maquette est au comité de lecture de la Ville. 1 Lutte Solidarité Travail, rue Pépin, 27 à 5000 Namur – tél : 081/22 15 12 – fax : 081/22 63 59 – Contact : Cécile Parent. | <urn:uuid:6ae10e76-d38c-431b-9ed2-2f9fa50b1ddd> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fra_Latn/train | finepdfs | fra_Latn | 4,972 |
Master Professionnel MARKETING ET VENTE Master 1 – Marketing et Vente
Types de missions Support et force de proposition à l'entreprise
- Opportunité de pénétration sur de nouveaux marchés (y compris export)
- Analyse des besoins sur des marchés et technologies complexes
- Support à la force de vente - Développement d'un nouveau portefeuille de clients.
-
Suivi d'affaires - amélioration de la gestion des flux d'information (interne /externe)
- Réalisation d'un site Internet
- Organisation de journées techniques de présentation, organisation salon professionnel
- Création de supports promotionnels (fiche technique produit - plaquette – courriers)
- Participation à des forums - Préparation d'un salon professionnel
Liste non exhaustive | <urn:uuid:4d4696ad-d1cd-41c9-ac9b-2bcea46cace5> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/fra_Latn/train | finepdfs | fra_Latn | 744 |
© 2019 IJSRCSEIT | Volume 5 | Issue 1 | ISSN : 2456-3307
DOI : https://doi.org/10.32628/ CSEIT195175
A Review Study on Online Job Portal
Aafreen Khan 1 , Anirudha Wankhade 1 , Priyanka Pakhide 1 , Sagar Meshram 1 , Prof. Sonali Zunke 2
1BE Students, Department of Information Technology, JD College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Information Technology, JD College of Engineering and Management, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
ABSTRACT
Gaining information and explicit job skills have turned into the fundamental destinations for understudies in the colleges. Learning is important to settle on educated choices, particularly, in a basic circumstance. Learning and information the executives in any organization are pivotal to give it an aggressive edge in the present testing and globalized condition. In this paper we present the plan of different on-line recruitment framework, that enables businesses to post their job advertisements, which job searcher can allude to, when searching for jobs. This job portal can catch job prerequisites dependent on industry needs.
Keywords: Knowledge Sharing, Web Portal, Job Portal, Online Recruitment.
I. INTRODUCTION
Joblessness is one of the genuine social issues looked by both creating and created nations. For instance, in Europe the rate of joblessness has been expanding quickly since the 1970's. Dorn and Naz [1] referenced that one reason for this issue is the unjustifiable appropriation or absence of data on job openings so individuals cannot presently the new job opportunities. It implies that there are a few jobs accessible, yet jobseekers do not approach that data. An effective pursuit of the web may help to jobseekers in their job chase. Some web-based interfaces give a productive method to look the web for online data on job opportunities for jobseekers [2].
to get another line of work, he/she can present a resume utilizing word handling programming like Microsoft Office Word, open an internet browser to send the resume and get an email. Online recruitment has turned into the standard strategy for businesses and jobseekers to meet their particular targets. The businesses transfer the job contributions in to the job portals. The majority of substantial organizations as well as the little ones has acknowledged online recruitment. The organizations send data or jobs opening for posting on the portals and speak with the candidates through the Internet and Email.
Today, the web has changed numerous parts of our life, for example, the manner in which we search for jobs [3]. On the off chance that one individual needs
Gangle [4] characterized the idea of online recruitment or e-recruitment as the utilization of the Internet to scan for jobs, which have been publicized electronically. Along these lines, the businesses publicize the job openings, spare the resume and
CSEIT195175 | Received : 01 Feb 2019 | Accepted : 09 Feb 2019 | January-February - 2019 [ 5 (1) : 251-255 ]
educational modules vitae (CV) of candidates, and contact the jobseekers who are qualified, on the web. Today, the Internet has turned out to be one of the key strategies for landing data identifying with position opening. Substantial foundations, similar to colleges incorporate data on vocation prospects in their sites, which are likewise connected to recruitment locales.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Job Procurement: Old and New Ways
Job looking for more often than not includes distinctive approaches to search for jobs, for example, through close to home contacts, direct phone calls to businesses, job organization office, filtering on the web job postings, and so on [3]. Prior to the Internet, turned out to be generally utilizes as a strategy for looking for jobs; jobseekers invested a heap of energy utilizing different strategies to search for job openings. Today, jobseekers utilize online techniques, which are extremely advantageous and spare a great deal of time. Galanaki [5] records the accompanying strategies to be the conventional (old) routes for recruitment:
* Employment recruitment offices
* Job fairs
* Advertising in the broad communications, for example, papers
* Advertisement in TV and radio
* Management Consultants
* Existing worker contacts
* Schools universities or colleges understudies administrations office
* Workers or expert referrals
These old jobs looking for techniques are excessively moderate, distressing, testing and furthermore need quality [6]. What's more, the candidates need to consider the expense and the measure of time to get the data they need, and different arrangements they need to make. Securing all accessible position opening is a principle venture at in the job-chasing process.
The Internet is presently an incredible asset that jobseekers can utilize. Today, numerous locales publicize job positions to be filled by individuals with specific skills in different fields. The Internet assumes an essential job in the region of human asset arranging and advancement. Most arranging and advancement organizations are currently utilizing PC innovation and the Internet for staff recruitment. It ought to be noticed that despite the fact that the Internet has encouraged the procedure of job chasing, it has not supplanted the conventional techniques, totally.
B. Significance of Job Portals
In the period of innovation, the Internet has turned into the principle wellspring of data for jobseekers. Extensive partnerships, foundations, and colleges incorporate data on vocation prospects on their sites. As per a review, 70% of the workforce utilizes sites or portals on the Internet to look for jobs in France. These sites or portals give an internet searcher to get to data on job openings [7].
Sulaiman and Burke [8] found that most businesses are quick to utilize online recruitment strategies for getting staff. He referenced that online recruitment strategies can recognize the best candidates. That is the motivation behind why progressively created nations, for example, Malaysia have begun to utilize online job portal as one of the vital method to enlist individuals to fill job opening. An examination done in 2006, found that 21% of web clients in the EU utilized the web to look for jobs or to send job applications. In 2007, this had expanded to 67% for jobless individuals [5].
Most organizations distribute their job opening on their site, or utilize online jobsites. These techniques result in incredible sparing in expenses. Mochol and Nixon [9] expressed that the utilization of semantic web innovation gives advertise straightforwardness, higher speed of acquisition yet decreased exchange cost. Today, the Internet is utilized for an expansive number of business exchanges. Individuals observe the Internet to be a compelling specialized apparatus. In a report in 2005, it was discovered that 90% of jobseekers in Germany utilize the web to search for jobs. A purpose behind this high rate of Internet is that candidates are youthful and very qualified and utilize the web a great deal, and numerous organizations distributed their job openings on the web and through their portal.
Job portals are the beginning stage of jobseekers while scanning for jobs. In this way, some job portals charge businesses high expenses to distribute data on job opportunities. Regardless of this, numerous businesses still keep on publicizing or distribute data on job openings hands on portal, however constrained to minimize expenses. Numerous businesses still trust that a jobseeker will visit job portals while hunting down job opening [10].
A great job portal can likewise bolster learning sharing among the individuals. The quantity of online job portals keeps on expanding. It is trusted that seventy-five percent of individuals who are looking for jobs, utilize the web and on the web portals. Gangle [4] expressed that online recruitment has the accompanying points of interest: bosses can distinguish an extensive number of qualified job searchers and get their data effectively. It implies that organizations or organizations can broaden the inquiry area, subsequently, they have better prospect of choosing the most qualified applicants. Web gives managers an approach to draw in a higher number of applicants, particularly, the individuals who satisfy the job necessities. With online recruitment, individuals approach the job data from anywhere on the planet, while with the paper, data is spread at nearby dimension. One key part of job portal is the expense. Organizations spend less to distribute or publicize job opportunities on the portals or sites, when contrasted with the utilization of other media, for example, paper or job fairs. Besides, online recruitment is quick, and spares time. Once the managers transfer the job opening on the portal, the jobseekers can see it and send in their resume.
Along these lines, cost and efficient are two noteworthy points of interest of job portals. Ganalaki [5], refered to in Rosita and Nadianatra (2007), expressed that the Internet is an instrument without fringes, and is an amazing strategy to come to an around the world gathering of people.
C. Highlights of Job Portals
One of the approaches to enhance work portability is to give online job offer administrations. Online job portals can help jobseekers as they contain all required data about accessible opening in a solitary point. Such portals upgrade effectiveness in job recruitment as candidates can coordinate their capabilities and skills to the prerequisites of bosses.
For the most part, looking for jobs on the web includes a procedure of data gathering in light of the fact that the jobseeker accumulates data contained in the job portals, amid the inquiry [11]. A great job portal imparts data and encounters to its individuals/clients. This spare time and endeavours and better choices can be made [12]. Job openings necessities can be coordinated to a candidate's capability and skills. Along these lines, job portals return the exact matches as well as return the most comparable match. The individuals from the European Commission (EC) expressed that online job portals ought to have very comparable attributes. The attributes included are:
* An online accessible database of positions for job searcher; offices to send cvs to the site;
* Email alarms of jobs which coordinate the clients profile;
* Additional guidance, for instance, about working in remote nations or profession direction;
* The capacity to oversee job applications;
* Businesses must be able to distribute and oversee job positions, look through the CV database;
* Have online contact with potential jobseekers.
III.Discussion and Analysis
Analysis of the data collected from the survey indicates that most of students are not satisfied with the current faculty portal. The respondents said that they have problem to get the needed information when they are looking for a job. In addition, there is not enough information and resources related to help them. The students looking for a proper Job want a knowledge sharing system to get such information and help them in their decisions.
Base the development of the new web portal should on the feedback from the survey and the requirements of the students. In recent years, the structure of university portals has changed from static information to dynamic and transaction mode. It is very important for the faculty to provide the students with online access to different services and transactions such as online enrolment, course support and job information. Suresh Ram stated that 70% of students, who finished their studies at tertiary level education, could not find a job. This shows how important it is to have access to the right information to find a job. It is important for the universities that provide information to jobless graduates on the jobs or career opportunities.
Sulaimun and Burke [8] emphasized that it is necessary for the universities to pay more attention to their knowledge management system or web portals to have the necessary information for the students. Fig. 1 shows the schema of the proposed job web portal, in illustrating the relationship between the students and the faculty, and the unemployed graduates and the potential employers.
Nowadays, most modern universities web portals provide information and services to achieve various goals and to improve the quality of education with these services. Based on information from the literature review, as well as the students' requirements identified from the survey, a job portal should be develop. The portal should be a knowledge sharing system for the students to create a better academic environment for their studies.
IV.CONCLUSION
In perspective of the prior discoveries, the invalid speculation expressing that there is no huge contrast in the respondents' assessment on the viability of the created Online Job Recruitment System regarding execution, dependability, security, and cost-adequacy was acknowledged. It is inferred that the created programming was successful in choosing qualified candidates inside a shorter timeframe. Subsequently, it would turn into a noteworthy supporter of the value contract. It is additionally inferred that Performance, Reliability, Security, and Costadequacy could be used as criteria in assessing web recruitment programming.
In light of the ends drawn, it is prescribed that the product is actualized in the organization. After execution, it is recommended that the effect of the framework on the recruitment procedures is resolved and that the adjustments in the recruitment forms with the presentation of the online recruitment programming be examined. It is proposed that reviews on the client experience, reception or nonselection of the product, and mistakes submitted in
utilizing the product be directed and that the Usability model of FURPS be surveyed.
As far as an upgrade of the product, it is unequivocally prescribed that an online test is joined in the recruitment and that additional security highlights, for example, the dimension of access grouped by the situation in the organization likewise be fused in the product.
V. REFERENCES
[1] J. Dorn and T. Naz, "Integration of Job portals by Meta-search," in Proc. 3rd International Conf. on Interoperability for Enterprise Software and Applications, Funchal, Portugal, 2007, pp. 401-412.
[2] S. Bsiri, M. Geierhos, and C. Ringlstetter, "Structuring job search via local grammars," Advances in Natural Language Processing and Applications, pp. 201, 2008.
[3] M. Mansourvar and N. Y. Mohd, "Web portal as a knowledge management system in the universities," World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, vol. 70, pp. 968974, 2010.
[4] M. Gangle, "The only way is up? Employment protection and job mobility among recent entrants to European labour markets," European Sociological Review, vol. 19, pp. 429, 2007.
[5] E. Galanki, "The decision to recruit online: a descriptive study," Career Development International, vol. 7, pp. 243-251, 2002.
[6] S. Mauno, U. Kinnunen, and M. Ruokolainen, "Job demands and resources as antecedents of work engagement: A longitudinal study," Journal of Vocational Behavior, vol. 70, 2007, pp. 149-171.
[7] A. Doyle, Internet Your Way to a New Job: How to Really Find a Job Online, Happy about, 2008.
[8] N. Sulaiman and M. Burke, "A case analysis of knowledge sharing implementation and job searching in Malaysia," International Journal of Information Management, 2009.
[9] M. Mochol, H. Wache, and L. Nixon, "Improving the accuracy of job search with semantic techniques," in Proc. Business Information Systems, 10th International Conf., BIS 2007, Poznan, Poland, April 25-27, 2007, Springer, pp. 301-313.
[10] M. Mansourvar, Development of a Job Web Portal to Capture Industry's Needs, 2011.
[11] A. Weber and H. Mahringer, "Choice and success of job search methods," Empirical Economics, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 153-178, 2008.
[12] M. Mansourvar and N. B. M. Yasin, "Knowledge portal: a tool to capture university requirements," in Proc. 2011 International Conf. on Graphic and Image Processing, International Society for Optics and Photonics, October 2011, pp. 82850F-82850F.
Cite this article as :
Aafreen Khan, Anirudha Wankhade, Priyanka Pakhide, Sagar Meshram, Prof. Sonali Zunke, "A Review Study on Online Job Portal", International Journal of Scientific Research in Computer Science, Engineering and Information Technology (IJSRCSEIT), ISSN : 2456-3307, Volume 5 Issue 1, pp. 251-255, January-February 2019. | <urn:uuid:718bc8c1-2600-4182-897e-762fd44946ed> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 16,624 |
26th Annual Student Scholars Day
APRIL 13, 2022
# Table of Contents
| Section | Page |
|------------------------------------------------------------------------|------|
| 2022 SSD Committee | 2 |
| Welcome from the Director | 3 |
| Schedule of Events | 4 |
| Statement from Cover Artist | 4 |
| SSD Speaker Series | 5 |
| History of SSD | 6 |
| Highlights of OURS Programs | 7 |
| Highlights of Student Work | 8 |
| History of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship at GVSU | 10 |
| Exhibitions of Art and Artist Statements | 11 |
| Live Presentations Schedule and Abstracts | 12 |
| Recorded Presentations Abstracts | 76 |
| Index of Presenters and Mentors | 96 |
SSD Committee
Feryal Alayont Mathematics
Alice Chapman History
Brett Colley Visual and Media Arts
Elizabeth Flandreau Psychology
Teegan Galdeen Office of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship
Bill Hosterman Visual and Media Arts
Lauren Keough Mathematics
Andrew Lantz Chemistry
Leifa Mayers Women, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
Susan Mendoza Center for Undergraduate Scholar Engagement
Debbie Morrow Library
Ross Reynolds Physics
Michael Scantlebury Hospitality and Tourism Management
Shelley Sickrey Center for Undergraduate Scholar Engagement
Richard Vallery Physics
Todd Williams Psychology
Welcome to Student Scholars Day 2022!
It is with great pleasure that we welcome you to celebrate the diversity and excellence of faculty mentored student research, scholarship, and creative activities at GVSU. In its 26th year, Student Scholars Day adapted to a hybrid of in-person and virtual world, where COVID-19 continued to pose a challenge for our large, in-person event. The SSD Committee decided to use the Symposium by ForagerOne website to host both recorded and live presentations via ZOOM, as well as offer in-person poster presentations and faculty-led sessions.
The format of this book has also been adjusted to accommodate the virtual state of SSD. Gone are the maps of the physical locations, and the usual format of the index. The index included here is a list of the student presenters and faculty mentors who presented for Student Scholars Day, whether it was in-person, recorded, or live via ZOOM. Although we are unsure how SSD will evolve in future years, the quality of student scholarship and the dedication of the faculty mentors is unwavering.
As always, many have contributed to make this growing event a success. We are especially grateful for the hard work and patience of Shelley Sickrey, Courtney Sherwood, Teegan Galdeen, Emily Morrison, and Ben Kallemeyn who made this process manageable and enjoyable. We thank the members of the 2022 SSD committee, Feryal Alayont, Alice Chapman, Brett Colley, Elizabeth Flandreau, Bill Hosterman, Lauren Keough, Andrew Lantz, Leifa Mayers, Debbie Morrow, Ross Reynolds, Michael Scantlebury, Richard Vallery, and Todd Williams, for their dedication and continuous flow of creative ideas. It takes an entire year to put together a program like this, and we appreciate the hours spent engaging with us in this process and pivoting in the final weeks before the event.
Once again, our deepest gratitude goes to Dan Slaughter for all of his work in the web registration for SSD, and especially for his help this year in using a new website to virtually host our event.
Thank you to Erica Wienczek for her artistic contributions to this abstract book. Her submission was one of several pieces submitted in response to a student competition hosted by the Office of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship. Erica’s piece was selected to serve as the cover by the SSD committee.
Thanks to our student, faculty, and staff volunteers for their commitment to the university’s mission and values, as evidenced by their involvement in this important activity. We value the time and effort given to this event.
A very special thank you goes to the faculty mentors who work collaboratively with undergraduate and graduate students in their scholarly and creative pursuits. We know it takes a great deal of time and dedication, but these experiences make a formidable impression on the education of GVSU students. We applaud your commitment and passion for teaching and learning.
And finally, a day like this does not happen without outstanding students like this year’s SSD presenters. These students have sought ways to connect their classroom experiences with scholarly and creative practice. They have engaged in a process of discovery that is often difficult and demanding. We thank these students for taking full advantage of their liberal education at GVSU. We are proud of their achievements and excited to share their success.
Susan Mendoza, Ph.D.
Director, Center for Undergraduate Scholar Engagement
Schedule of Events
Live Presentations
9:00 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
See page 12 for detailed schedule and abstracts.
Recorded Presentations
On Symposium April 11 - April 25
See page 74 for abstracts.
SSD Speaker Series
April 11, 5:00 PM; April 12, 5:00 PM; April 13, 5:00 PM
See page 5 for detailed schedule.
SSD and the Visual Arts at GVSU:
Art Reception
April 14, 5:00 PM
Calder Art Center
Exhibitions of Art
April 5 - August 1, 2022
See page 11 for details.
Statement from the Cover Artist
Erica Wiencek
Student Scholars Day brings students across academic disciplines into one place in the spirit of research, scholarship, and intellectual curiosity. My design aims to represent several areas of interest to illustrate the diversity of research presented by students and their mentors. Through this piece, my intention is to highlight the passionate curiosity and academic excellence exemplified by Grand Valley's students through their academic pursuits.
SSD Speaker Series
April 11, 2022, 5:00 PM
Alumni Panel: Leveling Up: Making the Most of your Transition to Grad School
This SSD event will be a discussion about transitioning into graduate school. There will be an alumni panel to facilitate a conversation about what it is like to move far away for graduate school, how they made new friends, and discuss how they acquired essentials such as housing. Susan Proctor, Director of Alumni Relations at GVSU will moderate the panel. All GVSU students are invited to attend this session.
April 12, 2022, 5:00 PM
Jakia Marie: Soul work: Find Your "Why" Through Scholarship
As a first-generation college student, I began my higher education journey with no clear path. After being introduced to research, I learned how my personal experiences shape my scholarship. Little did I know that the questions I asked in my scholarship would also clarify my purpose, molding me into a Pan-Africanist and community-engaged scholar advocate. Join me as we discuss how scholars are informed by their work and how their work helps them find their why.
Dr. Jakia Marie is an assistant professor of Sociology, primarily teaching courses in anthropology and African and African American Diaspora studies.
April 13, 2022, 5:00 PM
Shaping Inclusive Communities Through Being Human in STEM (SSD Keynote Speaker)
Catalyzed by a 4-day student protest highlighting the impact of systemic racism on student experience, the “Being Human in STEM” (HSTEM) course (www.beinghumaninstem.com) started as a student-faculty collaboration to investigate the academic literature and lived experiences of marginalized students in STEM at Amherst College and beyond. Offered since Spring 2016, the course is an engine for student-led inquiry and action that has reshaped the STEM culture at Amherst, and has been adopted by over a dozen institutions. Join protein folding researchers Prof. Sheila Jaswal & Sam Young (Amherst ‘23) as they share their experiences with the HSTEM course from the faculty and student perspective and discuss HSTEM’s impact on their individual STEM journeys and the broader Amherst STEM community. Dr. Sheila Jaswal will be presenting with Sam Young.
Dr. Sheila Jaswal is an Associate Professor in the Chemistry Department and Program in Biochemistry and Biophysics at Amherst College. Sam Young is a junior majoring in Biochemistry & Biophysics at Amherst College.
History of Student Scholars Day
by Neal Rogness and Shelley Sickrey
In the summer of 1995, a small group of faculty members in the Science and Mathematics Division met to explore the feasibility of creating an event where students could present their findings from faculty-mentored research to a university-wide audience. P. Douglas Kindschi, Dean of Science and Mathematics, was enthusiastically supportive, thus Student Research Day (SRD) was born.
It was decided to hold the event on April 12, 1996, in conjunction with the dedication and celebration of the new Seymour and Esther Padnos Hall of Science. The first-time event was expected to draw about thirty student participants. All expectations were exceeded when the registration period ended with over 150 presenters committed to present almost 100 presentations. The first event was a tremendous success; however, it was unknown whether SRD could be a successful “stand alone” event. These fears were quickly allayed when the second annual Student Research Day was held in April of 1997 and proved to be a great success with a similar level of participation. The event became popular enough to get requests from students outside of science and mathematics majors who wanted to present their work. An effort began to make the event truly university-wide, which then Provost Glenn Niemeyer whole-heartedly supported.
Students from all majors were encouraged to present and/or exhibit their faculty-mentored scholarly work at the event. To help make the event more inclusive, its name was changed from Student Research Day to Student Scholarship Day. The first university-wide event doubled in size with nearly 300 students giving almost 200 presentations in 1998. The first SSD keynote speaker was Dr. Robert Powell, Professor of Biology at Avila College, who talked about “Student/Faculty Collaboration: Teaching and Scholarship.” Another name change occurred in the Fall of 2009, this time to Student Scholars Day. The name change was instituted to combat occasional confusion over the nature of the event. “It’s still very focused on student work, but the new name takes away any ambiguity about what the purpose of the day is,” said Susan Mendoza, Director of the Office of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship.
What began as an event primarily composed of science and mathematics majors has grown to include student presentations representing majors from across the university. The GVSU community has truly embraced this annual event as a day in which to take pause and proudly celebrate the scholarly achievements of students from the past year. Student Scholars Day continues to grow, both in size and scope. The event continues to encompass interdisciplinary relationships among the presentations. Individually, the presentation is clear and focused. Taken as a whole, a larger, more inclusive picture of collaboration and learning emerges.
Highlights of OURS Programs
Student Summer Scholars (S3) and Modified Student Summer Scholars (MS3)
The Student Summer Scholars (S3) program and Modified Student Summer Scholars (MS3) program provides funds for a student and faculty mentor to devote time to a research and/or creative project during the spring/summer semester. Generally, S3 and MS3 grants provide a student stipend, faculty stipend, and a small budget for supplies.
The Student Summer Scholars (S3) program provides funds for a student and faculty mentor to devote about twelve weeks/400 hours to a research and/or creative project during the spring/summer semester. The Modified Student Summer Scholars (MS3) program provides a part-time opportunity with funds for a student and faculty mentor to devote either about 200 hours over twelve weeks, or 200 hours during the Spring or Summer six week session to a research and/or creative project.
Through these grants and the mentorship of a faculty member, the S3/MS3 program offers a unique opportunity for undergraduate students to do hands-on, professional research and creative practice in their chosen field. Combining academics, field work, and a reflection component provides students with a meaningful learning experience that helps to prepare them for graduate school and future careers.
For each S3/MS3 participant, the project begins with an innovative and thoroughly researched proposal. With guidance from faculty mentors, students identify a research question or an area of creative practice and shape the structure of their project. The value of mentorship is an important part of S3. Experienced faculty mentors act as support and sounding boards for their students.
By building on a foundation of academic and critical thinking skills provided by undergraduate courses, self-motivated students can use S3/MS3 to further their knowledge in a specific area while learning to incorporate academics with professional work. S3/MS3 provides students with a new lens through which to view their long-term educational, work, and life plans.
The 2021 Student Summer Scholars presenting at this year’s SSD include:
Colin Assenmacher, Gloria Baker, Ian Curtis, Rylie Dorman, Gabrielle Garlicki, Olivia Gordon, Liam Hart, Noah Holkeboer, Kelsey Inman-Carter, Lily Kedzuch, Elizabeth Kennard, Madeleine Lang, Matthew Martin, Olivia Maurer, Lillian Minnebo, Seth Ockerman, Madilynn Olenick, Allison Romanski, Maci Rozich, Georgia Sands, and Derek Tonello.
More information about the program can be found at www.gvsu.edu/ours/ssp
Highlights of Student Work
Student Scholars Day Abstract Book Cover
Each year, the Office of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship hosts a competition for artwork to be featured on the Student Scholars Day abstract book cover. All GVSU students are eligible to participate in the competition.
We always receive beautiful work, making it a tough job for the committee to choose just one. Here are just some of the wonderful submissions we received this year.
Larbi Al Moutaa
Katie Daiek
Xavier Golden
Akira Howard
26TH ANNUAL STUDENT SCHOLARS DAY
GVU TRANSFORMATION INNOVATION SUSTAINABILITY INTEGRATION
APRIL 13, 2022
Morgan Lammers
STUDENT SCHOLARS DAY
26TH ANNUAL APRIL 13, 2022
GVU ANCHOR UP! SCHOLARS!
Jeffrey Staub
Dive In
STUDENT SCHOLARS DAY
April 13, 2022
Jeffrey Staub
Expression
STUDENT SCHOLARS DAY
APRIL 13, 2022
Jeffrey Staub
Lava
STUDENT SCHOLARS DAY
april 13 2022
History of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship at GVSU
The pursuit of student research and scholarship at Grand Valley has deep roots in the history of the university. Original student research began in a number of the original Colleges at GVSU, namely Thomas Jefferson College, William James College, and the College of Arts and Science. This tradition continued through decades as the university grew.
Student Scholars Day (SSD) and Student Summer Scholars (S3), originally established in the Division of Math and Science, have served as the anchors for undergraduate research for over twenty years. These programs have served thousands of students by encouraging original research and scholarship.
SSD and S3 moved to the Brooks College of Interdisciplinary Studies and became part of the Office of Integrative Learning in 2006. During this time, both programs were expanded to support student research from all disciplines and majors.
In 2010, the Office of Undergraduate Research and Scholarship (OURS) was established as part of the Center for Scholarly and Creative Excellence. The mission and intent of the office is to establish comprehensive services and programs which support students in their pursuit of inquiry, creativity, scholarship, and research. In addition to Student Scholars Day, the programs of OURS include:
**Scholar & Fellowship Programs**
- Alayont Undergraduate Research Fellowship in Mathematics
- GVSU Library Scholars Summer Program
- P. Douglas Kindschi Undergraduate Research Fellowship in the Sciences
- REACH Scholars Program
- Student Summer Scholars (S3) / Modified Student Summer Scholars (MS3)
**Research Support & Recognition**
- Academic Conference Fund (ACF)
- Academic and Professional Enrichment Fund (APEF)
- Capacity-Building Grants for Faculty Mentors
- OURS Project Supplies Grant
- GVSU Undergraduate Research/Creative Scholar Transcript Designation
- Undergraduate Research Assistants Program (URA)
**Outreach Programs & Events**
- Goldwater Scholarship Program
- Michigan Space Grant Consortium (MSGC)
- OURS Ambassadors
- Summer Research Orientation
- Undergraduate Research Fair
Exhibitions of Art (Apr 5 - Aug 1)
The Visual and Media Arts Department presents student work displayed April 5 - August 1, 2022. Check it out in the Mary Idema Pew Library Exhibition Space, as well as the Calder Art Center.
MARY IDEMA PEW LIBRARY EXHIBITION SPACE
Forecast
Student Artists: Brooklyn Graham & Micah Hill
Faculty Mentor: Anthony Thompson
Forecast is a photographic series depicting many college students experiences with isolation, heartache, and emotional struggle. The work enters into the discussion of mental health in college students and the emotions that pour down around them and can drown them. Emotions and their wounds are daunting enough to deal with, but more challenging can be the attempt to see a future where the struggle ceases. While we all have umbrellas and raincoats, we are still in the middle of a storm, and the validation of this position matters. This work seeks to bring this challenge and reality for college students in the last few years into the light. Through the striking yet mysterious detail of this stop motion flash photography, the viewer is encouraged to meditate on the human experiences of hard emotion, and their own struggle therein.
Jewelry and Metalsmithing Student Work
Student Artists: Michael Bair, Megan Cota, Kaylee Erikson, Cassidy Grevemeyer, Miranda Kornowicz, John Stuhldreyer, BN Symons, Alexandra Ziebarth
Faculty Mentors: Laurel Fulton, William Hosterman, Renee Zettle-Sterling
This collection of work is a representation of work made in Introduction to Advanced Jewelry and Metals at GVSU.
Ceramics Through the Pandemic
Student Artistis: Veronica Clapp, Floria Mason, Sophia Nelson, Jacy Nichols, Mikaela OConnor, Alexandra Ziebarth
Faculty Mentor: Hoon Lee
This exhibition consists of artwork created by upper level ceramics students during the school years of 2021-22. During this time the students were working diligently, showing up everyday to create pieces to demonstrate perseverance through their creative practice. Through functional and sculptural ceramics each of the students expressed themselves with their unique artistic voices. Despite the obstacles of social distancing and diverse backgrounds they shared knowledge and grew together as strong female ceramicists.
CALDER ART CENTER
Drawing in the Visual and Media Arts Department
Student Artists: Max Briggs, Libby Haan, Max Havlik, Anna McGillicuddy, Kelly Morgan, Jennifer Perris, Kaitlyn Perry, Melanie Siebert, Dallas Sieczka, Lisa Sonke, Ethan Vales
Faculty Mentor: William Hosterman
Outstanding drawing work from the Department of Visual and Media Arts. The work was created in the different level of drawing classes in the department. The work represents an essential aspect of the training of a visual artist. The drawing work will be from Drawing I, Drawing II, Life Drawing and Intermediate Drawing.
Live Sessions & Extended Sessions, Abstracts & Schedule
Beginning at 9:00 AM (In-Person)
KIRKHOF CENTER 2266
Integrating Historical Events into Collages with Collective Memory, and Time as Themes
Presenters: Caroline Bell, Sarah Sciaky
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
This project focuses on designing an art curriculum for middle school students to explore the effects of collective historical memory through time. The theme of collective memory and time is integrated into the art project while incorporating social studies and historical connections to help students understand how historical events can impact and shape our collective memories. The contemporary artist Carrie Mae Weems' creative strategies are incorporated into the thematic and research-driven processes and creative thinking strategies to guide students' conceptual thinking of how the historical context and social events shape our memories. Guiding questions and worksheets are developed to guide students' artistic processes and understand memories as shared stories. The art of making collages and Elliot Hundley's work demonstrated how collages (cut-out images from magazines) could be used as an artistic medium to create meaning with memories.
KIRKHOF CENTER 2263
Statistical Consulting Experiences in STA 419
Presenters: Andrew Benedict, Carsen Boyink, Arthur Clark, Ryley Clark, Nicholas Duley, Jacob Dunivan, Kristina Gibbons, Katlyn Hamm, Nicholas Hehl, Zachary Knott, Arna Kristjansdottir, Stephanie Kruskie, Andrew Mason, Connor McNamee, Sydney Meyer, Stella Rodriguez, Stella Sterling
Mentor: John Gabrosek
9:00 AM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: The Relationship between Lumbosacral Angles and Gut Sizes
(Nicholas Duley and Katlyn Hamm)
The human body is often seen as a complex machine where little is known about even the smallest of its functions and relationships. One such relationship is that of the human’s gut volume and how it can influence the lumbosacral angle, or the angle of the S1 vertebrae of the human spine. Investigating the relationship between the gut volume and the lumbosacral angle is the goal of our statistical consulting project with Dr. Natalie Laudicina. As consultants we were asked to help Dr. Laudicina determine if the gut volume had any impact on the lumbosacral angle using data that she collected on about 100 different people.
9:30 AM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: Adverse Childhood Experiences, Lifetime Trauma Exposure, Well-being, and Resilience among social work education majors (Jacob Dunivan and Arna Kristjansdottir)
Dr. Joshua Bishop from the School of Social Work leads the study. The goal of the study is to determine whether having direct exposure to adversity and potentially traumatic events, along with secondary exposure to the trauma experienced by others, through Master’s students’ in Social Work work or field placements, increases the students’ risk for experiencing traumatic stress. As a statistical consultant, our goal was to determine whether there is a significant correlation between those that experience direct exposure and those that experience traumatic stress.
10:30 AM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: Analysis of a Season of GVSU Football Tickets (Andrew Mason, Connor McNamee, and Stella Rodriguez)
Joe Verschueren, from GVSU Athletics, collects and records information about tickets sold and the number of spectators at every football game. He wants to investigate ticket data to determine more efficient marketing strategies for future football seasons. As the statistical consultants working on this project our task was to analyze the ticket data and create visualizations to determine the cities spectators are coming from, the groups that are most attending the games (student, faculty, general public), how long before the games people buy tickets, and whether certain time periods have higher traffic of tickets bought on game day. The results found and visualizations made will help with marketing and staffing strategies.
11:00 AM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: Analysis of a Survey of Michigan High School Athletic Directors and Implications for the Sports Management Degree (Andrew Benedict and Nicholas Hehl)
Grand Valley’s Sport Management (SPM) program staff strives for excellence with all of their interactions with SPM students. As interest in high school sports continues to grow, making sure the program prepares students for excellence has become more crucial than ever. A survey was constructed and administered to the Athletic Directors of Michigan High Schools on the necessary skills required to be successful. Our job as statistical consultants is to analyze data to see what directions the SPM program should take to maximize the skills of graduates and increase their chances of becoming an Athletic Director. This will hopefully prove that being a teacher or coach is not a necessary requirement like it has been in the past.
11:30 AM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: Writing Center Usage Analysis (Zachary Knott and Sydney Meyer)
Since the pandemic, Patrick Johnson, Director of the Fred Meijer Center for Writing, has noticed changes in the students seeking his team’s help with writing. Over the past few semesters he has collected data from those who use the Writing Center. Our goal is to better understand how the Writing Center is used, by whom the Center is used, and how to incorporate feedback to improve Writing Center services. As his statistical consultants, we were asked to use this data to find if students from particular courses or teachers tend to use the Writing Center more than others. The information we find will be used to reach out to departments and teachers who use the center less than others.
12:00 PM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: An Analysis of IT Service Desk Five9 Call Center Data (Carsen Boyink, Ryley Clark, Kristina Gibbons, and Stella Sterling)
Grand Valley’s IT service desk aims to provide outstanding service to its customers. The director of IT services, Kenneth Cott, wanted to create the optimal schedule for the service desk to reduce call waiting traffic. This was accomplished with the data from their new call center software, Five9. As Mr. Cott’s consultants, we compared call trends and any data relating to Five9 call center data to determine when to staff the call center. In our presentation, we will share our analysis and what we accomplished to come to a conclusion.
12:30 PM: A Statistical Consulting Experience: GVSU Employee Ombuds (A.J. Clark and Stephanie Kruskie)
In February 2021, Grand Valley State University hired Elisa Salazar as the first Employee Ombuds Officer. Salazar spent a year working with staff to resolve conflict and promote a healthy work environment among the GVSU community. Salazar is held accountable in her position through an annual report that discusses recurring concerns and issues from appointments. A report will be prepared in order to accurately represent the work that Salazar has worked so hard to accomplish. Salazar will work with Stephanie Kruskie and Arthur Clark in order to analyze and summarize data collected by survey from those who utilized the Employee Ombuds during the first year of the program. This report is discussed with President Mantella and is available for the GVSU community.
Beginning at 10:00 AM (In-Person)
KIRKHOF CENTER 2259
Microscale Biogeochemical Dance with Earth-scale Implications: Modern Mat Microbes Synchronize Migration to a Daily Tempo
Selected as part of the SSD Curated Theme: Ways of Knowing, Non-Traditional/Innovative Approaches to Knowledge Production
Presenter: Janelle Cook
Mentor: Bopaiah Biddanda
Colorful modern-day benthic microbial mats that resemble life on early Earth inhabit Lake Huron’s cold, low-oxygen, high-sulfur submerged sinkholes. Mats are dominated by purple-pigmented cyanobacteria capable of oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis, and pigment-free chemosynthetic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. We captured time-lapse images of daily overturn between cyanobacteria and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria – turning the mat surface nearly entirely purple after dawn and white after dusk. Alternating layers of vertically migrating photosynthetic and chemosynthetic filaments climbed across μm gradients – exhibiting their fastest motility following dawn and dusk. Observations were corroborated with time-lapse imaging and microprofiling of intact mats under simulated day-night conditions. Such daily migrations of mat-dwelling microbes in the benthic biosphere of the Precambrian may have played a critical role in optimizing photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, carbon burial, and oxygenation.
Beginning at 11:00 AM (In-Person)
KIRKHOF CENTER 2259
Altius Praebentes: Reaching Higher at Grand Valley, 1963 to present
Presenters: M.E. McPhee, Jacob Petrosky, Joanna Stairs, Griffin Wilson
Mentor: Melissa Morison
The Foundations of It All: General Education 1963–1982 (M.E. McPhee)
Through the 1960s, 70s, and 80s the core courses that all students were required to take at GVSU changed with the values and culture of American society. As understanding of the skills a college-educated person should have and what it meant to be college-educated changed, so did the university's general education program. By looking at the GVSU course catalogs and Presidents' reports from the 60s-80s we can see shifts in general education requirements and the logic underlying those shifts. By examining this process, we can observe how the construction of a college-educated person evolved at GVSU. I chose to focus on this time period because the general education program underwent the most change in this era, and by 1982 the general education program had the bones of the current program. I also consider the catalogs of other institutions in the area to compare their general education program and values in this era.
Poluglossos: On Languages Offered at GVSU (Jacob Petrosky)
This paper investigates the languages offered at Grand Valley State University from its founding to the formal offering of the classical languages within a department of Classics in 2000. Particular attention is given to offerings of non-western languages, such as the foundation of the Japanese program in the 80s and to how GVSU's offerings compare to other Michigan institutions of higher education. This paper achieves this largely through work with primary source documents, with course catalogs forming a bulk of the sources. This study is important due to the continued prevalence of language instruction at GVSU, with all BA students required to reach third-semester
proficiency in a language. Profitable next steps would involve speaking with the professors who taught these courses, which would allow insight into how the courses themselves functioned, shedding light on issues such as teaching methodology and text selection.
**Student Services Through the Years, 1963-Present (Joanna Stairs)**
The student services offered at Grand Valley were initially small but as the university grew, this changed. Some services that I am discussing are the library and offices such as Disability Support Resources. I will also compare Grand Valley’s services to those of other regional institutions. The evidence used is GVSU catalogs from 1963 to the present, websites, and the services provided at other small colleges, private and public, based on catalogs and reports. It is important to see what services were offered because GVSU is an institution of higher learning that should seek to understand the student as a whole. To think of the student as a human being with a full range of needs and concerns has become an integral part of Grand Valley’s mission. As a next step, it would be interesting to explore the connection between the student services offered and changing aspects of American social values since 1963.
**Why We Do It: Values and Goals of GVSU In the 60s Through 80s (Griffin Wilson)**
As society changes over time the core values and social norms we hold shift to fit our ideal of what a productive member of society looks like. This shift is reflected in the goals of social institutions such as colleges and universities. Institutions of higher education shape younger generations by highlighting certain values and projecting constructions of what students should appear to be. The 60s-80s was a period when Grand Valley comprised several colleges different from those we have now, each with their own mission statement reflecting unique values. By examining the Presidents’ reports, course catalogs, and various requirements at Grand Valley, we can see what values were prioritized and what goals GVSU was trying to reach. An important next step would be to examine the goals and values of other institutions in Michigan and see if the values held by Grand Valley align with other institutions in our state.
KIRKHOF CENTER 2266
**Mathematics and Applications**
Presenters: Arthur Clark, Evan Henning, Mirza Komic, Lucas Smielewski
Mentor: Feryal Alayont, Lora Bailey
**A Mathematical Analysis of Uno with Cheating Scenarios (Arthur Clark & Mirza Komic)**
Atticus and Bartholomew have always wondered why they lose more games of Uno compared to Chad. After their last miserable game night, they finally decided to hire us as consultants to help them with the situation. We were hired to analyze various possible cheating scenarios that Chad might have employed, such as switching a card in his hand or playing two cards at once, and to determine how each of these cheating methods impacted the outcome of the Uno games using simulation and other techniques. In this presentation, we will report on our mathematical analysis of these cheating methods.
**Edge Coverings of Graphs (Evan Henning)**
A graph, composed of vertices (dots) and edges (lines connecting vertices), is a visual representation of relationships between objects. Vertices represent objects and an edge connecting two vertices shows a relationship between the two objects vertices represent. An edge covering of a graph is a selection of edges such that each vertex in the graph connects to at least one edge. The total number of edge coverings in families of graphs like path and cycle graphs turn out to be the famous Fibonacci and Lucas numbers. In this talk, we will investigate other
families of graphs and the sequences generated by the total numbers of their edge coverings.
Simulation Analysis of Major League Baseball's Rising Game Duration (Lucas Smielewski)
Major League Baseball (MLB) has seen a decline of viewership attributed to an increase in the duration of the average baseball game and limited action on the field. To combat this, rule changes have been proposed: defensive shifting limitations encouraging more action, pitch clocks to reduce the time between pitches, and an automated ball-strike calling system. We explore the effect that these proposal shave on game duration, activity on the bases, and the number of balls in play with the Monte Carlo Method. We use Python to simulate a realistic MLB game, gather MLB data to determine probabilities used in the simulation, code in the proposed rule changes, and perform repeated simulations to analyze their impact. Through this analysis, we hope to demonstrate the effect on the average MLB game and determine the best strategy for MLB officials to improve viewership without harming the integrity of the game.
Beginning at 12:00 PM (In-Person)
KIRKHOF CENTER 2270
Gendered Institutions, Practices, and Embodiments: Transforming Care, Education, and Engagement Amidst Shifting Digital and Material Environments
Presenters: Eliza Graham, Jillian Smith, Arly Winchester
Mentor: Leifa Mayers
(Eliza Graham)
In 2007, the film critic, Nathan Rabin, coined the term Manic Pixie Dream Girl (MPDG), to describe a rising film trope. Since then, the MPDG has become a potent post feminist masquerade. However, this phenomenon came to be as social media transformed the American cultural landscape, therefore has escaped academic interrogation. This study aims to characterize the distinct qualities of MPDG femininity, and examine its impact on young people. Using existing data sampled from the video-based social media app, TikTok, it argues that the Manic Pixie DreamGirl is a particularly dangerous form of feminine embodiment. The aim is to highlight how postfeminism operates online, and begin to understand how this has impacted the ‘internet generation.’
(Jillian Smith)
In the US, men in fraternities are three times more likely to commit rape than other men on college campuses (Foubert et al 2007). This statistic has been linked to hypermasculinity, dominance, competition, and pornography. Although there has been an increase in preventative training modules, the statistic still rises. The purpose of this project is to assess fraternity members' perceptions of the efficacy of these current training modules and what can be done to improve them. I have administered a survey to gain information about fraternity members' experiences with these trainings and what they would like to see out of this type of programming. I anticipate finding suggestions for how to create programming that is more engaging for members and what could leave a larger impact. The findings could have implications for the design of programming on sexual assault, consent, and healthy relationships.
(Arly Winchester)
Navigating healthcare in the US is difficult, especially for transgender and non-binary (TGNB) patients in West Michigan who seek care at one of the city’s dozens of clinics and hospitals. I have administered a survey that
assesses the strengths and gaps in healthcare worker knowledge on transgender and non-binary identities, obstacles to care, and trainings that are vital to actively making healthcare accessible and safe. The responses came from healthcare workers in West MI through an online survey of 20 questions, asking about their credentials, workplace, and attitudes and training on treating TGNB patients. Based on previous research, attitudes towards caring for TGNB patients are anticipated to be more positive while training for treating them is still lacking (Nowaskie et al. 2020, Towns 2020). This study has potential implications for the participants, their patients and workplaces by building on best practices for the care of TGNB patients.
**Beginning at 2:00 PM (In-Person)**
KIRKHOF CENTER 2263
**Reading Into Sleepovers?: A Historical Queer Analysis of the Sleepover Environment Through Parenting Magazines**
*Selected as part of the SSD Curated Theme: Centering Marginalized Voices: Stories of Self and Community*
Presenter: Tate Johanek
Mentor: Krista Benson
The sleepover environment is an adolescent space that isolates itself from direct societal pressures yet is influenced by external factors that maintain expectations of heteronormativity. Parents are a primary influence in shaping their child’s self-perception of identity and necessary skills for socialization, modeling ideal performances of gender and sexual identity and guiding their child’s development in compliance with social expectations. Such influences damage the capacity for queer children to embrace their sexuality, causing feelings of isolation or identity repression through forced compliance with heterosexual norms. To assess the impact of heteronormative language and social pressures by parents regarding sleepovers, I analyzed articles from parenting magazines between 1950 and 2020. I will map the transition towards modernized expectations of identity and analyze patterns to understand how queer identities have maneuvered themselves to navigate sleepovers across time.
KIRKHOF CENTER 2270
**Department of Psychology Oral Presentations**
Presenters: Liam Hart, Lily Kedzuch, Greg Russell, Connor Thompson
Mentors: Todd Williams, Michael Wolfe
**Information about Past Beliefs Influences Current Beliefs (Liam Hart and Greg Russell)**
This experiment investigates the influence that information concerning past beliefs has on current beliefs. Participants in the experiment were either believers or disbelievers in the effectiveness of gun control, according to responses on a pre-screening survey. In the study, participants read a text that was either consistent or inconsistent with their beliefs. Next, they verified initial beliefs on gun control from the pre-screen survey that were either accurate, the opposite of their initial beliefs, or they did not verify gun control beliefs. Finally, participants reported their current beliefs and wrote a 250-word essay explaining their beliefs. Verifying true initial beliefs resulted in less belief change. These results support the hypothesis that beliefs are subject to the influence of salient information in the recall context.
Two-Dimensional Machiavellianism and the Implications of Selected Coping Strategies on Satisfaction with Life (Lily Kedzuch)
Machiavellianism comprises two dimensions. Machiavellian views characterize others as untrustworthy. Machiavellian tactics represent a person’s tendency to manipulate others for personal gain. Coping strategies can be grouped into constructive and destructive strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine how two-dimensional Machiavellianism is associated with coping strategies and differences in life satisfaction. Machiavellian views were associated with less life satisfaction, positively correlated with destructive coping strategies, and negatively correlated with constructive strategies. Machiavellian tactics shared similar associations with life satisfaction and destructive strategies but was not associated with constructive strategies. Results refine our theoretical understanding of Machiavellianism and its consequences.
Machiavellian Views and Tactics: Association with Workplace Values (Greg Russell)
Machiavellianism is associated with higher levels of moral disengagement, psychological entitlement, and misconduct (Ogunfowora et al., 2021); and less citizenship behavior at the workplace. Recent research differentiates between the views and tactics dimensions of the trait (Monaghan et al., 2020). The association between these dimensions, work values and vocational interests was examined in two undergraduate samples from Michigan (N= 225) and Florida (N= 450). The survey included the two-dimensional Machiavellianism scale (Monaghan et al., 2020), the Lyons work values (Lyons, 2003) and the Oregon vocational interest scales (Pozzebon et al., 2010). The results showed that views and tactics were negatively associated with altruism, and tactics predicted less emphasis on the social and intrinsic aspects of work.
Examining the Moral Foundations of Machiavellianism (Connor Thompson and Elise Richards)
Recent research indicates that Machiavellianism comprises two dimensions: views and tactics (Monaghan et al., 2020). The views dimension explains Machiavellians’ untrustworthiness, cynical worldviews, and negative perception of others. The tactics dimension represents Machiavellians’ willingness to manipulate and exploit others for selfish purposes. The goal of these correlational studies was to examine the relationship of these dimensions with moral foundations and values. Results indicate that Machiavellian tactics are related to both moral foundations and a preference for utilitarianism. Overall, these findings indicate that the aspects in which Machiavellianism relates to morality differ amongst views and tactics. While both are associated with lower levels of loyalty to others, we found that the tactics dimension most clearly predicts morality.
Beginning at 9:00 AM (Live via ZOOM)
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 526
Psychodelics and Dementia: Can They Improve Sensory Functioning?
Presenter: Jeffrey Baldwin
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation will include a review of the literature on the use of psychodelics with people who have dementia. Implications for recreational therapy practice will be included.
Beginning at 10:00 AM (Live via ZOOM)
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 549
Natural Resources Management Capstone - morning
Presenters: Emma Fitzgerald, Wade Foster, Collin Manninen, Alycia Peterson, Natasha Sokolow
Mentor: Griff Griffin
10:00 AM: The Effect of Climate Change on Lake Huron Shoreline Erosion (Collin Manninen)
Climate change can be observed along the shores of the Great Lakes, as water levels in the year 2020 broke previous record highs. This led to catastrophic erosion events along the Lake Huron shoreline. The purpose of this research is to model the future condition of the Lake Huron shoreline using Geographic Informational Systems. Understanding the natural cyclical water levels of the past help to predict future water levels. Data was collected from other scientific models that contained the predicted future waterlevel scenarios of Lake Huron. The British Climate Centre predicts a wetter climate with possible higher than previously recorded water levels in the future. If these forecasts were to occur, the model results may assist land owners in the preparation and prevention of further catastrophic shoreline erosion events.
10:30 AM: The Effects of the Emerald Ash Borer on the Ecosystem, Economy, and Native American Culture in the U.S. (Natasha Sokolow)
The emerald ash borer (EAB) has killed millions of ash trees since its discovery in the U.S. in 2002. The death of these trees affects ecosystems and wildlife that depend on them, removes native ash species as aviable timber supply, and destroys a cultural resource for North American tribes. Current research shows that without new and effective methods to combat the spread of EAB, the U.S. will be left without an important resource. The reduction of ash trees has altered forest ecosystem successional rates and increased invasive plant species, subsequently decreasing native biodiversity. Native ash species comprise 12% of urban plantings and removal of infected trees and replanting new trees will cost billions of dollars. Wood from ash trees is also a resource for Indigenous tribes, it is used for basket-making, pipes and flutes, medicinal recipes, and lacrosse sticks.
11:00 AM: Differences Between Invasive Species Concentrations Near Hiking Trails in Wildwood Harbor Preserve, Boyne City, MI. (Wade Foster)
Invasive species adversely affect habitats and ecosystems. Disturbed areas are particularly vulnerable to colonization and spread of invasive species and becoming more so with changing climate. A large part of managing invasives is surveying for them, which is often difficult with little resources and a lot of ground to cover. Invasive species locations were collected in a survey conducted at the Wildwood Harbor Preserve to observe whether there
was a pattern in their distances from the trail running through the preserve. The purpose of this research was to determine whether some invasive species will spread significantly further from hiking trails than others to help guide future monitoring. I think that invasive honeysuckles will have larger concentrations closer to the trail, while Japanese barberry will be found further away from the hiking trail.
11:30 AM: How GIS can Identify Desirable Camping Locations that Follow Wilderness Regulations, and/or Leave No Trace guidelines (Emma Fitzgerald)
Campers consider the best camping sites in wildernesses to be flat and close to water and trails. Regulations from designated wildernesses and the suggested Leave No Trace Guidelines limit how close a camper should be to water and other sensitive or unsafe areas. The purpose of this research was to determine how many suitable camping locations are in selected wildernesses based on wilderness regulations, and/or Leave No Trace guidelines and desirability of camping locations. Desirability of camping locations was based on close proximity to water, trails, and having a slope less than 3%. Selected wilderness areas are South San Juan, Never Summer, and Lizard Head Wilderness Areas. I anticipate that some areas will not have campsites that meet the requirements.
12:00 PM: Efficiency and Variability of Different Aging Structures in Bluegill, Perch, and Bluegill/Sunfish Hybrids (Alycia Peterson)
The purpose of this research was to determine the efficiency and variability of different aging structures in bluegill, perch, and bluegill/sunfish hybrids. Knowledge about the age composition of fish populations is essential for effective management. Fifteen fish were collected and sampled from an electro-fishing survey conducted on Manistee Lake in Manistee County, Michigan. Fin rays, spines, and otoliths were allextracted, processed, and aged. At the same time, a timer was started for each procedure to help measure efficiency. The ages gathered from each structure were recorded and compared to assess variability in the age. Hopefully, the three aging structures will show little variability among them, and the most efficient aging structure will emerge. This information can help managers determine the best technique to use when aging large amounts of fish.
Beginning at 10:30 AM (Live via ZOOM)
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 531
Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerability, and Adaptations
Presenters: Arna Kristjansdottir, Serena Kruithoff, Alycia Peterson, Hannah Zylman
Mentor: Elena Lioubimtseva
Impact of Climate Change in Iceland’s Fish Stock (Arna Kristjansdottir)
The purpose of the study is to show the effects that global climate change has had on Iceland’s fish stock. Being one of the country’s largest industries, it is important to have predictability and be able to plan and make adaptations according to those. The disappearance of certain fish stocks due to global warming might prove detrimental to small fishing villages that count on them to make a living. This study will strive to point out trends in global warming in the ocean surrounding Iceland. Using data from IPCC, ACIA and NRM and scholarly reviewed articles, the study will try to find what has led to change in the composition of the fish stock in Iceland’s jurisdiction over the past 50 years.
Climate Crisis and its Effects on the Great Lakes and Health (Serena Kruithoff)
The purpose of this study is to show the effects that global climate change is having on the Great Lakes region,
overall the health of the population surrounding this area. This study will strive to answer the following questions: what is causing these changes, what is being heavily affected by these changes and what can be done to help prevent the downfall of the Great Lakes (as well as other questions along the way). Overall, these lakes are very important to the overall climate of Michigan, as well as surrounding states / countries. Therefore, their downfall can also lead to the downfall of human health as well. Sadly, these health issues not only affect Michigan, due to the boarder of the Great Lakes. Therefore, this study will strive to address all areas affected by this downfall, but specifically Michigan.
**The Impacts of Climate Change on the Production of Fruit Crops in the Great Lakes Region (Alycia Peterson)**
This research project examines the impacts of climate change on fruit production in the Great Lakes region. Fruit production is a primary revenue source for many locations within the Great Lakes region and we examine here how it is likely to change because of global climatic changes. Fruit trees growing in a changing climate must cope with a rising CO₂ atmosphere, phenological changes occurring because of increased temperature, lower chilling hours, the impacts of deviating precipitation, and pests. We examined data from the Great Lakes Integrated Sciences and Assessment (GLISA) datasets and agricultural statistics from the USDA, IPCC, and US NCA climate data, and scholarly peer-reviewed literature to evaluate the impacts of climate change on the production of fruit crops.
**Impact of Climate Change on Water Usage in the Pacific NorthWest (Hannah Zylman)**
The Pacific NorthWest (PNW) experiences strong changes of seasonal weather annually, including strong differentiations of precipitation. This, in turn, interrupts the human consumption of water usage and natural cycles that rely on regular water levels. The Cascades mountain range that runs through the region also dictates much of the water cycle. Snowpack and melt from the mountains feed into the water system which controls much of the available water used further downstream. Throughout the region, there was variability in wetness within recent years, but the general trend for the climate was warmer and drier. Our goal is to identify hydrological trends caused by climate change in the PNW region using data from the IPCC, USGS, and NOAA that impact availability for drinking water, agriculture, fisheries, forestry, and hydropower in recent years.
**Beginning at 2:00 PM (Live via ZOOM)**
**VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 008**
**Bio-Surveillance of COVID-19 Data using Statistical Process Control**
*Selected as part of the SSD Curated Theme: The Precarities and Possibilities of Pandemic Times*
Presenter: Payton Miloser
Mentor: Paul Stephenson
The ability to predict virus outbreaks is important for assessing the spread of the virus and handling the impact of the spread on the population. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided data that can be studied at the county level that contributes to the knowledge and research surrounding the eradication of the virus; at the county level, the ability to track the spatial dependence of COVID-19 spread between counties across the United States can be done using the geospatial autocorrelation statistic, Moran’s I. Using Moran’s I, this has been able to track the spatial dependence of the COVID-19 cases throughout the pandemic and visualize spikes in Coronavirus case rates to predict outbreaks. This study will present methods for tracking incident type data using Moran’s I and Statistical Process Control to predict outbreaks.
Beginning at 3:30 PM (Live via ZOOM)
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 534
Natural Resources Management - Afternoon
Presenters: Cody Krause, Alexander Richmond, Matthew Suehr
Mentor: Griff Griffin
3:30 PM: Reducing Phosphorus Loading to Lloyd’s Bayou with Vegetative Buffers (Cody Krause)
The purpose of this research was to determine if adding vegetative buffers between an emergent wetland and private landowners’ lawns would decrease phosphorus loading to the wetland. This research focused on the emergent wetland Lloyd’s Bayou region of Spring Lake Michigan. Lloyd’s Bayou is surrounded by lawns. GIS software was used to determine the area of potential fertilizer usage on private property. Current fertilizer usage was assumed to be at twice the recommended rate. Runoff was calculated using a rational runoff equation. Buffers were constructed with native wetland species. Cost to homeowners and conserving open lawn space for recreation were also considered. Buffer effectiveness was based on bufferwidth; a minimum effectiveness was considered to be fifteen feet wide. It is expected that by implementing the largest thirty-foot-wide buffer that Lloyd’s Bayou will see a marked decrease in phosphorus loading.
4:00 PM: Fragmentation of Wilderness by Established Trails (Alexander Richmond)
Trails in wilderness areas are advantageous due to the fact that they concentrate use, limiting the impact on the wilderness as a whole. This analysis will be used to determine the extent of impacts from fragmentation on wildlife in the areas surrounding the established trails. In order to determine the extent of fragmentation by established wilderness trails, GIS analysis has been used. GIS data was collected from BLM.Gov. Individual wilderness areas in the Western U.S. were examined and the corresponding trail maps were overlaid to analyze how much of the area is impacted by trails. The impacts of this fragmentation will include potential habitat impacts, as well as changes in wildlife behavior.
4:30 PM: Ecological Condition of the Dakota Prairie Grasslands (Matthew Suehr)
The purpose of this research is to determine the ecological condition of the Dakota Prairie Grasslands. All areas were grazed by cattle to varying degrees. Oil and gas extraction takes place on this land, and some of these plots can show how effective their remediation efforts were. Vegetation data was collected in McKenzie County, North Dakota. Plots were chosen at random on Forest Service land where the presence of graminoids and the density of forbs was determined. Soil pits were dug as well to measure the depth of soil horizons and weak acids were used to detect the presence of carbonates. Knowing the ecological condition of these grasslands is important for the Forest Service to make management decisions and detect the presence of invasive species. This research can help determine stocking rates, evaluate the success of oil field remediation, and identify ecological sites that are most resistant to invasive species.
Find instructions on how to access Live via ZOOM and recorded presentations on our website.
The gap between small business capabilities and customer interactions was exasperated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Small businesses had to pivot quickly, to build or grow their digital marketing capabilities and manage diverse strategies to deal with the crisis. This ability to quickly adapt and formulate strategies became necessary to help small businesses maintain sales and continue to engage with their clients, especially in light of the pandemic's disruption. This research investigates one method to help small businesses address crises, such as the pandemic: design thinking. Focusing on leveraging design thinking strategies such as Empathizing, Defining, Ideating, Prototyping, and Testing (EDIPT), divergence/convergence, and customer journey mapping design thinking tools, we provide propositions and strategies to help firms adapt their strategies to the demands of clients during crises such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
Lifespace is defined as the total space people purposely travel in their lives. Residential community-dwelling older adults are at risk for reduced lifespace, increasing potential for negative outcomes such as immobility and decreased quality of life. Lifespace in older adults has been investigated utilizing self-reporting, but objective measurements are lacking. The purpose of this pilot study is to explore measurements of lifespace utilizing real-time tracking data in long-term care community dwelling older adults, with the aim of exploring factors that impact life-space in this population. The theoretical framework for this study is Lawton’s environmental press model, proposing an interaction between a nindividual’s level of competence and the environmental press. Measurement of lifespace was obtained for a five-day period using a real time location tracking system (RTLS) and measures of spread and graphical representation were created utilizing data collected.
The gamma ray strength function ($\gamma$-SF) describes the probability of gamma radiation being absorbed or emitted during energy transitions of nucleons within the nucleus of an atom as a function of the energy of the transitions.
The higher the value of the $\gamma$-SF (probability) for a specified gamma ray energy, the more gamma rays are probable to occur for that energy level. The basic model of the nucleus is the shell model, which is similar to the shell model in atoms where electrons occupy specific orbitals and the atom can be in discrete energy levels. Transitions of protons and neutrons between these energy levels are associated with gamma ray absorption and emission. Typically as the energy of the gamma ray ($E_\gamma$) increases the $\gamma$-SF increases as well, and it is expected to drop to zero for low energy gamma rays. Recent experimental data taken from several nuclei, however, suggest a sharp increase in the $\gamma$-SF for low energy gamma rays.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 004
**Sustainable Extraction of d-Limonene from Orange Peels using Supercritical Carbon dioxide Extraction**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Emma Tiongson
Mentor: Dalila Kovacs
Supercritical CO$_2$ (sCO$_2$) extraction is used industrially for the decaffeination of coffee and for cannabis and other essential oil extraction. The feasibility of (d)-limonene extraction from orange peels using sCO$_2$ is evaluated as a teaching tool. If feasible, the sCO$_2$ extraction is recommended as a replacement for a steam distillation extraction of (d)-limonene currently used in GVSU undergraduate organic chemistry laboratories. The use of sCO$_2$ extraction would allow for introduction of topics such as alternative solvents, life cycle analysis, energy conservations, and others pertaining to application of green and sustainable chemistry. Repeated control trials evaluate the efficacy of extraction, and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry analysis (GC/MS) is used to evaluate the selectivity of the extraction. Variables such as cost, time, and educational value are considered in the design and recommendation of this method as a teaching tool in organic laboratory at GVSU.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 005
**How Exogenous Abscisic Acid Exposure Impacts the Rate of Selective Protein Degradation in *Arabidopsis thaliana***
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Gloria Baker
Mentor: Matthew Christians
Protein degradation is a highly regulated process in organisms and plays a major role in general cell function. One of the key events in selective protein degradation is the addition of ubiquitin (Ub) to the target protein which signals the cell to degrade that protein using the proteasome. This allows the cell to reuse components of proteins that are no longer functioning or necessary for cellular function. E3 ligase protein complexes select specific target proteins for degradation and adds Ub to them, but in order for the E3 ligase complex to become active, Rub (related to ubiquitin) must be covalently ligated to the Cullinprotein of the E3 complex. This project investigates the impact that exogenous Abscisic Acid (ABA) has on the ratio of Rubbylated (active) to unRubbylated (inactive) Cullin3 proteins present in *Arabidopsis thaliana*. Investigating this question allows for further understanding of how *A. thaliana*'s growth environment can impact its rates of protein degradation.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 006
**Plagiarism of the Plates: The Validity of Accusations Against Diderot’s *Encyclopédie* (1751-1772)**
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Ian Curtis
Mentor: David Eick
A literary monument of the eighteenth century, the French *Encyclopédie* (1751–1772) was a massive reference work written by a team of experts that aimed to depict arts and crafts in unprecedented detail. It eventually grew to contain twenty-eight large folio volumes but the journey there was filled with uncertainty due to royal suppressions from seditious and anti-religious ideas and accusations of plagiarism. Since 1951, scholars have studied one of these accusations, made by architect Pierre Patte against the plates, editor Denis Diderot, and the four publishers. This scandal, which is critical in the history of the *Encyclopédie*, has faded from scholarship. While exaggerated, Patte’s observations are sound, but is his label of “plagiarism” correct? Differing views of copying, authorship, and property in eighteenth-century France complicate matters. The connotations of plagiarism then are different from today’s and must be analyzed from the correct lens to analyze Patte’s allegations.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 007
**Fault-Free Tilings**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenters: Elise Detting, Amelia Goetzinger
Mentor: Lauren Keough
Given a board of length $p$ and width $q$, we may fill in the area with 2 by 1 tiles. We say the board is tileable if the board can be filled leaving no open space and overlap. Not all boards are tileable, for example a 5 by 5 board is not tileable because it has an odd area. A *fault-free* tiling exists on the board if every line through the board parallel to a side goes through a tile. Previous work on this subject has been completed by Ron Graham in "Fault-Free Tilings of Rectangles" and Emily Montelius in "Fault-Free Tileability of Rectangles, Cylinders, Tori, and Möbius Strips with Dominoes". We discuss and extend existing research by considering 1 by $k$ tiles for any $k \geq 2$.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 008
**Investigation into the Regenerative Properties of the PTPR Gene within Planaria**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Daniel Dyer
Mentor: Matthew Christians
Planaria are unique organisms that can regenerate their tissue via adult stem cells, yet we are unaware of all the genes that are involved in their regeneration. Many researchers have isolated specific DNA sequences to determine what genes are involved in this process, but there is limited data regarding if the PTPR gene is linked to regeneration. By utilizing RNAi, we produced enough double stranded RNA to feed the planaria. This will disrupt their ability to code for the PTPR gene. After amputating the planaria and analyzing their tissue, our data has shown that PTPR may inhibit cell growth and regeneration due to greater tissue regeneration in our experimental group than in our negative control group. We can conclude that the PTPR could have a role in regeneration, therefore conducting further research on this gene will be beneficial.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 009
**The Role of Perceived Organizational Support in Anxiety and Depression**
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenters: Chloe Dingens, Brittany Heighton
Mentor: Benjamin Walsh
We examined relationships between employees’ levels of perceived organizational support (POS) and their levels of anxiety and depression. POS is the extent to which an employee believes their organization values their contributions and well-being. We hypothesized that workers who experience higher POS will report lower anxiety and depression. Survey data were collected from 494 adults who worked an average of 39.9 hours per week (SD = 8.3). Participants completed survey measures of POS, anxiety, and depression, and reported demographics (e.g., job tenure) that were included as controls. We tested our hypotheses using ordinary least squares regression. After control variables were included, POS explained a significant portion of the variability in both anxiety and depression, and POS was associated with anxiety and depression in the hypothesized direction. Understanding the correlates of POS is important for work success, employee well being, and overall mental health.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 010
Social Justice Begins with Me! (SJBM) Gender Equity
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenters: Sonrisa Cortes, Darby Tallon, Darcy Walker
Mentors: Jamie Langlois, Paola Leon
By three months old, infants develop a preference for faces from their own ethnic group, and by three years, they develop basic stereotypes. SJBM is a reading program that originates at the School of Social Work at Grand Valley State University and is hosted by the Grand Rapids Public Library. The SJBM program creates a learning environment designed to promote critical thinking in young children about the social injustices they see in the world around them. Our project involved curating books for the Fall 2022 program on the topic of gender equity. From our research and analysis, we proposed new books for use in SJBM, as well as created accompanying discussion guides and caregiver handouts. Learning more about these injustices and engaging in critical discussion and reflection allows the children in the program to participate in and initiate social transformation throughout their lifetimes. Our goal is to have our proposed materials utilized in the Fall 2022 program.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 011
Social Justice Begins with ME!: Racial Justice
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Caitlin Gunst
Mentors: Jamie Langlois, Paola Leon
Research suggests that critical consciousness - the ability to acknowledge and analyze systems of inequality and the responsibility to take in response to these systems - can allow marginalized children to succeed. With the country being as divided as it currently is, allowing for critical consciousness guides all children toward academic and social emotional success. Social Justice Begins with ME! is a monthly bookclub and program developed in partnership between the Grand Rapids Public Library and GVSU School of Social Work. Contributions to this program will include the selection of literature related to racial justice for the ages of 4-5, 6-8 and 9-11, in addition to parent/family resources aimed at increasing critical consciousness in the home. These contributions will add to the profound social change and development to critical consciousness in the West Michigan area. The involvement of local youth and families is necessary to dismantle global racial oppression.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 012
**Overexpression and Analysis of Genes Impacted During Spaceflight in *Candida albicans***
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Gabrielle Garlicki
Mentors: Ian Cleary, Derek Thomas
*Candida albicans* is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that naturally resides in mucosal surfaces and is a part of the human microbiota. This project explores multiple genes, *orf19.3115*, *FRE8* and *MRV2*, that were found to have either been up or down regulated in *C. albicans* found during spaceflight. The main scope of this project is to characterize these genes through differences in morphology and adhesion, which can relate back to the virulence of *C. albicans*. Filamentation, biofilm, and glass adhesion assays were done, and we have observed some changes in adhesion in our overexpression strains. We are constructing overexpression strains to examine the effects of additional genes on these cellular characteristics.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 013
**Undergraduate Students’ Public Opinion of Human Trafficking in West Michigan**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Joie Carter
Mentor: Tonisha Jones
Controversial and sensationalized human rights issues such as human trafficking are often encompassed in misinformation. This study looked at what those misconceptions are along with how those may impact how undergraduate students would venture to solve the issue of human trafficking. This study asks if any possible misconceptions held by students have any impact on how they would approach solving the issue of human trafficking.
This study was conducted via an online questionnaire using a random sample of undergraduate students from Grand Valley State University.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 014
**Assessment of Kirkhof College of Nursing’s Choosing a Statistical Test Tool by Doctorate of Nursing Practice Students**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Viktoria Basso
Mentor: Rebecca Davis
Doctorate of Nursing Practice (DNP) students in the Kirkhof College of Nursing (KCON) lack electronic resources to guide them to the correct statistical test for their final projects. There are free websites to assist in choosing a statistical test, but they can be hard to understand for non-statistical students. Nursing-specific tools do not include GVSU’s nursing project types: Quality Improvement and Evidence-Based Practice, Program Development and Evaluation, Policy Analysis, and Research. The *Choosing a Statistical Test Tool* is a Qualtrics survey with decision-tree logic to help students review statistical concepts, gain further clarity on the project, and lead them to the correct statistical test and resources. The tool was given to DNP students who are in their final semester and have had their project approved. After using the tool, the DNP students completed a survey to assess the usefulness and validity of the tool. This poster will present the results of this survey.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 015
Examining the Relationship between Gut Size and Pubic Symphysis Width
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Emma Piasecki
Mentor: Natalie Laudicina
This project examines the relationship between gut size and pubic symphysis width. The pubic symphysis is a unique joint that forms the anterior connection between the two hip bones of the pelvis, absorbs forces while walking, and allows for the natural delivery of offspring. Excessive widening of this joint can lead to pain which can be an extreme barrier to everyday life. It’s important to standardize methodology surrounding the measurement of pubic symphysis width to help with diagnostics and treatment of symphyseal pain. In this project, I hypothesize that as gut size increases, so does pubic symphysis width to accommodate this increased mass. Pubic symphysis widths were measured at three locations on ~100 de-identified CT scans. The goal of this project is to compare the pubic symphysis width data to gut volume in-order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of symphyseal pain related to this joint.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 016
Speech-Language Pathologists' Knowledge and Use of Bibliotherapy
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenters: Jhay-Lah Kennell, Isabelle Villanueva
Mentor: Cara Singer
Bibliotherapy is an evidence-based technique that uses books, or forms of literature, to elicit positive emotions, behaviors, and attitudes. Research shows that bibliotherapy is a useful tool in helping children overcome challenges such as behavioral issues, speech and language impairments, and learning disabilities. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) should be using bibliotherapy as a way to alleviate mental challenges that are often associated with speech and language disorders. Research does not always associate SLPs’ use of books as bibliotherapy due to the specificity of the intervention. Further research needs to explore if and how bibliotherapy is being used within the speech-language pathology profession. The project entails developing a survey, for speech-language pathologists to investigate are SLPs using bibliotherapy, how are they using it, are they being trained, what populations are they using it with, and what challenges are commonly presented?
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 017
The Effect of the Carbonyl and Phosphine Oxide Aryl Groups on the Luminescence Properties of Lanthanide Metals
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Georgia Sands
Mentor: Shannon Biros
Lanthanide metals luminesce in sharp emission bands when excited with UV light which has allowed them to be used for applications such as optical devices. In order for them to luminesce efficiently, they must be coordinated with organic molecules called ligands that transfer energy to the lanthanide metal. Arylcarbonyl groups have been studied extensively for this application, but phosphine oxide aryl groups have been less studied. Previous work has included the synthesis and luminescence studies of a ligand with both of these aryl groups. We have synthesized four ligands with different numbers of the aryl groups replaced with alkyl chains that do not promote luminescence.
This allowed us to investigate the effect of each of the aryl groups independently. Quantum yields of the ligands coordinated with the lanthanidemetals Eu3+ and Tb3+ determined that the aryl carbonyl group promoted luminescence much more efficiently than the aryl phosphine oxide group.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 018
**Geometry Effects on Microwave Induced Microplasma in Re-Entrant Cavity Resonators**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Seth Woodwyk
Mentor: Geoffrey Lenters
Microplasmas are a topic of mounting interest in numerous fields, spawning a variety of applications. Given the significance of these applications, it is crucial that microplasma behavior is explored at a fundamental level. Therefore, the initial process of forming a microplasma, referred to as breakdown, will be our subject of investigation. Our method for inciting breakdown will involve a re-entrant microwave resonator. In earlier work done in our group using this method, the breakdown curve of argon in a microgap, was shown to be separated into two distinct regimes, where the transition between them occurs at the point where boundary processes become significant. In this project, a variety of stepped and inclined gap faces will be used to investigate the geometric effects on breakdown. Under our current model, stepped gap faces would have multiple sharp transitions in their breakdown curves, whereas inclined gap faces would display a single transition over a range of pressures.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 019
**Identification of Rab Protein Association with Histamine-Containing Vacuole-Like Compartment (VLC) in the Secondary Cells of the Accessory Glands in Drosophila melanogaster**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Pranav Nalam
Mentor: Martin Burg
The accessory gland of *Drosophila melanogaster*, analogous to the mammalian prostate gland, is composed of two cell types: main cells and secondary cells. The secondary cells contain large vacuole-like compartments (VLC's), one of which has been shown to contain histamine. We sought to associate specific rab proteins that have been shown to be involved in specific steps of membrane trafficking, with histamine in the VLCs. The rab4, rab7, and rab11 proteins were "tagged" with a fluorescent protein, while histamine was imaged using fluorescent immunolocalization techniques, enabling visualization of both within the secondary cell. We examined the localization of each rab protein with the histamine containing VLC using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. Results indicate that rab4 and rab11 appear to be associated with the histamine VLC, suggesting that histamine may be released by the secondary cell, as rab4 and rab11 are known to be involved in endocytic and exocytic processes.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 020
**Factorization of Finite Semigroups**
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Robert Dolan
Mentor: Rene Ardila
When algebraic objects such as rings are bifurcus, they exhibit the powerful property that every non-atom, non-unit of the object may be factored into two irreducible elements. We study finite semigroups of matrices whose entries belong to congruence classes and expound on their properties. We then use this type of semigroup to construct the first verified finite bifurcus semigroup and subsequently use the Cartesian Product to construct other examples of finite bifurcus semigroups from non-bifurcus, atomic semigroups of this form.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 021
**Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation of NF-kappa B Signaling Pathway in Mouse Brain Endothelial Cells**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Jared Fennema
Mentor: Dave Kurjiaka
The release of lipopolysaccharides from bacteria are an essential stimulator in an inflammatory response. In endothelial cells, inflammatory responses play an important role in the endothelial damage that leads to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Inflammation activates the NF-kappa B pathway which induces the expression of pro-inflammatory genes such as vascular cell adhesion molecule -1 (VCAM-1) in endothelial cells to draw immune cells to the pathogen. Mouse brain endothelial cells (bEND.3) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (1 and 10 ng/ml) and had protein isolated at 0.5, 1.5, 3 and 6 hours. Those proteins were separated by Western Blot analysis and samples were probed for changes in inflammatory signaling (IkB and pIKK) along with VCAM-1. Preliminary data suggests an upregulation of VCAM-1 and pIKK while IkB decreased. The goal is to better understand the inflammatory response in these cells in order to try to inhibit that inflammation with omega3 fatty acids.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 022
**Women of Color and Their Participation in Second Wave US Feminism**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Abigail Jenkins
Mentor: Nora Salas
In the 1960s, a new "wave" of feminism began in the United States. Now called the "second wave" of feminism, the main goals were to focus on the workplace, home, and legal issues, while also building on the equality the suffragists brought. Many now criticize the second wave as being whitewashed, so the goal of my presentation is to dispute the idea that it was only white feminists actively working for this movement. Through primary and secondary sources, I will analyze the women of color feminists during this time and their goals. What groups did women of color form? How did their goals differ from white feminists? Were their means of bringing attention to inequality different? All of these questions will be answered with my poster.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 023
**The Impact of Nonylphenol on Neurogenesis in Crayfish**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Jonathan McCabe, Ian Pope
Mentor: Daniel Bergman
Neurogenesis is the formation of new neurons, and historically was thought to occur only during development.
Molecular biology has provided the tools which have broken this paradigm, and it is now evident that in many animals neurons are created into adulthood. In crayfish, neurogenesis occurs in areas of the brain involved in olfaction. Neural progenitor cells undergo proliferation and differentiation, where they become integrated into the olfactory lobes. This process has been shown to be positively or negatively controlled through both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Here, we explore the impact of the extrinsic compound nonylphenol on neurogenesis. Nonylphenol is found in products such as detergents and ends up in the sediment of streams that crayfish live. Using the thymidine analog BrdU, we track the synthesis of new DNA through proliferation of NP cells using immunohistochemistry. Thus, we are able to ascertain the impact of nonylphenol exposure on olfactory neurogenesis.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 024
**Purification and Kinetic Characterization of ADC-7 with a Boronic Acid Transition State Inhibitor**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: John Mckeough
Mentor: Rachel Powers
β-lactams are the most commonly prescribed antibiotics that are important to the treatment of bacterial infections. The β-lactam ring is the defining feature of these drugs, consisting of a four-membered cyclicamide. Resistance to β-lactams is an increasingly important issue. β-lactamases are a common resistance mechanism that hydrolyze the β-lactam ring, rendering the drug inactive. Current inhibitors are ineffective against class C β-lactamases, due to the presence of the b-lactam ring in both the antibiotic and the inhibitor. Boronic acids (BATSI) have proven to be good candidates as non-β-lactam inhibitors that mimic the tetrahedral transition state. To characterize a new BATSI, ADC-7, a class C β-lactamase found in *A. baumannii*, was expressed and purified via ion exchange chromatography then tested for its ability to inhibit ADC-7. These discoveries will provide insight into the compatibility of this new BATSI with ADC-7 and aid in the search for a novel β-lactam inhibitor.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 025
**Mitigating the Impact of Run-Time Software Engineering**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Abigail Diller
Mentor: Erik Fredericks
Cyber-physical systems (CPSs) experience uncertainty in all phases of the software development life cycle, generally stemming from real-world concerns such as minimizing the impact of environmental interactions and ensuring the safety of human participants. These systems are often described as safety-critical and therefore must continuously exhibit correct behaviors. Run-time testing can provide assurance that system requirements are satisfied even in the face of uncertainty. Previously we introduced GreenRoom, a proof-of-concept experimental CPS testbed for monitoring the impact of run-time testing on power consumption of a target CPS. This project extends GreenRoom’s capabilities to enable deeper studies into monitoring power consumption by including additional mechanical components. We also intend to investigate how search-based testing techniques can extend CPS abilities, and to monitor their impact on power consumption at run time.
Music
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Marissa Gonzales
Mentor: Beth Macauley
Typically, brass musicians push air through their instrument and play easily. Other times, the musician’s muscles tighten, airflow stops, and the note is blocked. Many professional brass musicians deal with this “blocking” issue, sometimes called the Valsalva maneuver, musical stuttering, or dystonia. When people speak, they push air through the vocal folds and speak easily. Other times, their muscles tighten and the word is blocked, which is called stuttering. The goal of this study was to describe blocking in brass players and compare and contrast blocking in music and speech. A survey about the physical and emotional symptoms, onset descriptions, and fluent or disfluent environments of blocking was sent to brass musicians via Facebook and email. 33 responses were received and descriptions of brass blocking were compared with known information on speech stuttering. Results suggest that blocking behaviors while playing a brass instrument and speaking are more similar than different.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 027
Using Colored Light to Test and Illuminate Plant Gravity Sensing
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Grace Miller
Mentor: Mark Staves
Gravity and light are two of the most important environmental stimuli influencing plant growth and development. Although the blue-light sensing mechanism is well understood, the mechanism of plant gravity sensing remains obscure. To test between the statolith and gravitational pressure models of gravisensing, we grew rice roots parallel to the vector of gravity in solutions of different densities and exposed them to unidirectional light perpendicular to the vector of gravity. We found that roots grown in water with red light grew parallel to the vector of gravity, but when they were exposed to blue light they grew ca 25 degrees away from the vector of gravity. In a denser medium, 1038 kg m-3, growth in red light was unchanged, but in blue light, curvature increased to ca 44 degrees away from the vector of gravity. This diminution of the gravity effect in dense solutions is incompatible with the statolith model but predicted by the gravitational pressure model for gravity sensing.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 028
Effects of Serotonin on the Chronic Stress Response in Crayfish following Nonylphenol Exposure
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Nina Alpers, Madelyn Maurer, Abby Niessink, Tara Olen
Mentor: Daniel Bergman
Crayfish are a well-studied neurophysiological model, and consequently are used to examine the mechanistic causes of neurophysiological stress. One potential stressor for aquatic species is nonylphenol, a hydrophobic chemical widely used in agricultural products and detergents that can pollute rivers, streams, and lakes. Nonylphenol is a known endocrine disruptor and can lead to physiological and behavioral impairments in crayfish. Long-term non-lethal exposure to nonylphenol likely induces chronic anxiety-like stress in crayfish. Stress is analyzed by observing behaviors like avoidance and shelter occupancy, and by measuring crayfish hyperglycemic hormone levels in the hemolymph. Previous research demonstrates that serotonin can modulate aggression and
anxiety-like stress in crayfish. We therefore administered serotonin agonist and antagonist treatments to influence chronic stress levels of crayfish exposed to nonylphenol, with the intent to modulate their stress levels.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 029
The Production of Eight Plasmid Expression Vectors through Gibson Assembly and the Optimization of the Enzymatic Cleavage Reaction between Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) and the Model Fusion Protein, Nus-G
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Elizabeth Kennard
Mentor: Robert Werner
The North American Opossum (*D. virginiana*) produces proteins that inhibit snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) and phospholipase 2As (PLA2s). Eight plasmid expression vectors containing 6-histidine tags and maltose binding proteins (MBP), either DM43 (a SVMP1) or DM64 (a PLA2 inhibitor), and a tobacco etch virus (TEV) cleavage site were constructed through Gibson Assembly. Four constructs were used to produce either MBP-DM43 or MBP-DM64 in *E. coli*. The optimization of the enzymatic cleavage reaction between TEV and a model fusion protein with a TEV cleavage site, MBP-NusG, was accomplished using 2 experiments that optimized the duration, temperature, and amount of TEV used to conduct a cleavage reaction. For our purposes, the optimal conditions include the shortest duration and lowest temperature in which the reaction proceeds to completion. Reactions conducted at 4°C with 5.5ugTEV for 1hr gave optimal cleavage of MBP-NusG providing useful conditions for future reactions.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 030
Structural and Functional Characterization of Novel ADC Variants Contributing to Antibiotic Resistance
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Olivia Maurer
Mentor: Bradley Wallar
Antibiotic resistance in *Acinetobacter baumannii* is a global crisis that threatens current antibiotic use, as variants produce β-lactamase enzymes called *Acinetobacter*-derived cephalosporinases (ADCs). Two ADC variants in antibiotic-resistant *A. baumannii* are ADC-33 and ADC-219. Both contain a specific proline to arginine mutation and an alanine duplication in the Ω-loop. The last remaining difference is a glycine (ADC-33) vs. an aspartate (ADC-219), also in the Ω-loop; an area of the enzyme that is believed to be involved in substrate entry to the active site. The structures of ADC-33 and ADC-219 were determined by X-ray crystallography to study the substrate binding region and active site residues. Also, steady-state kinetics demonstrated that ADC-33 could bind and turn over larger cephalosporins, but ADC-219 had a significantly reduced ability to do so. Using structure/function analyses, we hope to develop a relationship between Ω-loop variants and substrate binding and turnover.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 031
Developing the Art Educator's Scholarly Resource Guide
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Xavier Golden
Mentor: Amber Dierking
Art educators have many responsibilities. Designing and teaching lessons; professional development; classroom management; self-advocacy, and fostering creativity, for the learners and themselves. As a future art educator, I wanted to design a guide that would help me prepare for designing integrative lesson plans. The goal of this project was to create an accessible resource guide that would support art teachers in all these roles. To garner an idea of the current goals and needs of art educators in 2021, interviews were conducted with five in-service art teachers. In conjunction with library science learning tools and frameworks, this qualitative research was used to design, format, and write an online database of six distinct categories of art education resources: Foundational Works, Explainers, Tutorials, Networks, Podiums, and Inspirations.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 032
**Modulation of Crayfish Aggression via a Neuropharmacological Agent**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Skylar Brouwer, Alyson Furstenau, Grace Smith, Zachary Walker
Mentor: Daniel Bergman
In nature, crayfish aggressively compete for food, shelter and opportunities to mate. This competition results in a set of hierarchical relationships that govern which crayfish have access to available resources. The aggressive interactions and hierarchical relationships that develop between crayfish can lead to neurochemical alteration in their brains that can have long lasting effects on social behavior. Specifically, serotonin and dopamine neural circuitry can be impacted. We will analyze aggressive interactions between crayfish that have received either a placebo, dopamine, serotonin, or quetiapine injection. Quetiapine is an antipsychotic drug used to treat schizophrenia and functions as a serotonin agonist and dopamine antagonist. Quetiapine stimulates serotonin receptors while blocking dopamine receptors. Elevated serotonin is correlated with increased aggression in crayfish, therefore quetiapine treatment should increase their aggression and social status within a hierarchy.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 033
**What Causes Crime?**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Shireen Salam
Mentor: John Constantelos
The presentation will summarize findings from the International Relations capstone project examining the causes of crime, with a specific emphasis on the role refugees might play in contributing to crime rates. The project seeks to analyze the relationship between crime rates (dependent variable) and the proportion of refugees, host countries labor market integration policies, family structure, population age, population density, the proportion of males in the population and income inequality (independent variables). The presentation will share results from bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses scrutinizing the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variable, to discuss the causes of crime.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 034
**The Effects Of Nonylphenol on Male Crayfish Aggression in Acute and Chronic Exposures**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenters: Adam Gizowski, Jonathan McCabe, Ian Pope
Mentor: Daniel Bergman
Nonylphenol is a compound used in a variety of industrial, domestic, and agricultural products. The compound is classified as an inactive ingredient, therefore has little to no monitoring in the U.S. with a high possibility of exposure occurring via its disposal into the water supply. It acts as an endocrine disruptor by mimicking estrogen, influencing the behavior of organisms like crayfish. Crayfish utilize aggressive behaviors to find food, mates, and establish social hierarchies. Here we examine the effects nonylphenol has on aggression after acute and chronic exposures. Crayfish aggression was analyzed by observing encounters of nonylphenol exposed crayfish with non-treated crayfish. We further assessed the endocrine disruption both of the serotonin and androgen systems by collecting hemolymph and using an ELISA. We hypothesize that crayfish alter their aggression after both acute and chronic nonylphenol exposure and will impact the serotonin and androgen signaling systems.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 035
**Effects of miRNAs on alpha-Synuclein Gene Expression in PD-like Neuronal Cells**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenters: Lia Cook, Jyoti KC, Zane Walters
Mentor: Sok Kean Khoo
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting over 10 million people worldwide. PD is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons and the abnormal buildup of alpha-synuclein proteinin the midbrain. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNAs that can bind to specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to prevent protein translation. Here, we will use PD-like neuronal cells to study the effects of miRNA mimics that can bind to alpha synuclein mRNA in hope to reduce its gene expression. We will treat the SH-SY5Y cell line originated from neuroblastoma with retinoic acid, brain-derived neurotropic factor, and rotenone to function as a PD-like model. This study will provide the proof-of-concept of using miRNAs as an intervention to treat PD.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 036
**2021 Grand River Water Quality Sampling**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenters: Madeleine Lang, Allison Romanski
Mentor: Peter Wampler
Research goals include sampling at different locations and flow conditions, collaboration with wastewater treatment plants, and development of a refined Water Quality Index. In the summer of 2021, seven different reaches were sampled and over 120 samples were collected. Samples were analyzed for nitrate, total phosphate, ammonium, chloride, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, *E. coli*, and total coliform. Field parameters included: temperature, specific conductivity, pH, turbidity, oxidation reduction potential, resistivity, salinity, and total dissolved salts. Water samples were collected from bridges and kayaks, and were analyzed at the Allendale Wastewater Treatment Plant or in the GVSU Lab. Lab methods included: 1) HACH spectrophotometer analysis; 2) Total Suspended Solids Filtration; 3) Biological Oxygen Demand; and 4) IDEXX Colilert 2000 quanti-tray method. Ongoing sample analysis will be compared to water quality data dating back to 1968.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 037
**The Influence of Socioeconomic Status and Nutrition on Pelvic Development**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Michael Edozie
Studies report that women of lower socioeconomic status undergo Cesarean delivery at higher rates, but none have identified a conclusive underlying reason to explain this disparity. However, some theorize that nutrition might play a role. Calcium and vitamin D deficiencies are commonly cited as factors that lead to abnormal pelvic development. Such deficiencies are thought to be associated with the morphological features characteristic of a flat pelvis, in which the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvis is notably decreased. Consequently, environmental factors, such as nutrition, during critical growth periods are implicated in causing these deficiencies. This project aims to investigate whether socioeconomic status and nutrition during childhood affect development of the pelvic inlet. This study has clinical significance, as the results could indicate that nutritional deficiencies, in connection to their impact on pelvic development, are associated with certain obstetric outcomes.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 038
American Women Mental Health Post World War II
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Madelyn Macionis, Autumn Majestic, Alyssa Washington
Mentor: Nora Salas
Since the end of World War II mental health around the world has been put under the microscope. In this presentation, the changes and continuities surrounding American Women mental health will be evaluated to determine how science and medicine have helped mental health, who was impacted the most by societal norms, and how the role of women in the household changed throughout a woman’s life and how it affected their mental health. Extensive scholarly research has been done from behavioral science journals to multiple historical monographs to determine the most impactful changes that American women and their mental health have faced.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 039
The Epiphytic Diatom Community of an Invasive Macroalga, Starry Stonewort (Charales: Nitellopsis obtusa) and its Native Relative (Charales: Chara contraria)) from Two Drowned River Mouth Lakes
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Davis Fray, Kelsey Inman-Carter
Mentor: Sarah Hamsher
Epiphytic diatoms are essential primary producers in aquatic environments, but the relationship between them and their hosts is not well understood. The purpose of this project is to understand the specificity of host-epiphyte relationships in Pentwater and Muskegon Lakes by comparing the epiphytic diatom communities of the invasive *Nitellopsis obtusa* to its native relative, *Chara contraria*, using metabarcoding approach. Host samples were collected in 2020-2021. DNA was extracted from each sample and the RUBISCO (*rbcL*) barcoding region was amplified using diatom-specific primers. Sequences were generated, using an Illumina MiSeq, primarily from the macroalgal hosts (*C. contraria* (23%) and *N.obtusa* (46%)), with the remaining sequences (32%) from other hosts, sediment samples, and plankton tows. Analyses of these sequences are ongoing. Ultimately, this study will improve our understanding of macroalgal host-epiphytic diatom relationships.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 040
Characterizing the Effects of Melatonin on Striatal Dopamine Neurotransmission
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Mason Kolanowski
Mentor: Eric Ramsson
Melatonin is a serotonin derived neurohormone known to be involved with the regulation of sleep and immune functions in the brain, as well as the modulation of other neurotransmitter systems such as acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate. While we know some things about melatonin, much about melatonin is yet to be known. A growing body of research has begun to show that striatal brain dopamine levels fluctuate in accordance with circadian rhythms, and that this has to do with melatonin. Here we used various waveforms of Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry, both *in vivo* and *ex vivo*, to record and characterize the effects of melatonin on dopamine transmission in the striatum. In both the *in vivo* and *ex vivo* models, our data suggest that melatonin suppresses the release of dopamine. This suggests that in addition to being a regulator of circadian rhythms and immune function, melatonin is also a modulator of dopamine release in the striatum.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 041
**Progress Towards The Synthesis of the Linezolid Core Using a Copper-Mediated Coupling**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Travis Lubbers
Mentor: Matthew Hart
The oxazolidinone antibacterial drug linezolid is used to treat infections of the skin and the lungs including pneumonia by stopping the growth of bacteria. Notably, linezolid can be used to treat several drug resistant bacteria such as penecilin-resitant pneumonia and MRSA. Previously, the authors examined the use of a copper-mediated reaction to performed a tandem Goldberg and Finkelstein rections. This was utilized to synthsis the linezolid core in several steps. Herein, we report an optimised catlytic system and progress toward the synthesis of the linezolid core in one reaction vessel. This catalytic system would includes a trans-diamine, copper (I) iodide, potassium carbonate, and dimethylformamide (DMF) to inducea Goldberg coupling, followed by a Finkelstein reaction, followed by an additional Goldberg coupling. The efficient synthesis of this core would allow for the rapid synthesis of linezolid derivatives and potentially lead to novel antibiotics.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 042
**Investigating the Environmental Parameters of Microbialite Formation Using Water Qualityand Isotopic Analysis of Ore Lake, Michigan**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Ryleigh Landstra
Mentor: Ian Winkelstern
Small (<3cm) oblong pisoliths have been observed on the shores of Ore Lake, located in southeastern Michigan. Seasonal water sampling of Ore Lake and other local water bodies has been conducted to better understand the unique environment that promotes carbonate precipitation within the lake. Alkalinity testing has shown an increase in CaCO$_3$ from the south shore to the north shore of Ore Lake and has reliably confirmed that S. Ore Creek is the source of this increased alkalinity. Decreased alkalinity in nearby lakes indicates that Ore Lake may be unique in the precipitation of carbonate locally. Isotopic analysis of Ore Lake water and pisolith samples were used for temperature analysis at the time of formation. Our data reflects that pisolith growth occurs in Ore Lake within the
summer months and shows some variability into fall temperatures, with multiple seasonal cycles seen within a single pisolith structure.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 043
**Nature of the Unconformity Between the Bisher Formation and Overlying Ohio Shale in Northern Kentucky**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Noah Carrick, Corbin Ebeling, Ryan Gentry, Eli VanDyke
Mentor: Peter Riemersma
Fluctuations in sea level can lead to changes in the depositional environment. These fluctuations can be represented in the rock record as changes in lithology or as unconformities. Evidence of a drastic change in sea level is preserved by the erosional contact between the Bisher Formation and overlying Ohio Shale, representing a gap of 60 million years. The top of the Bisher contains oil staining, shells, and pyrite, features not present in the underlying Bisher. The Bisher represents a shallow marine environment, while the overlying black Ohio Shale indicates a deep water anoxic environment. To constrain the nature of missing time and change in depositional environment, we will combine a literature review with our own observations of texture and lithology using hand sample(s) and thin sections from the uppermost Bisher. From this we hope to conclude if the unconformity is a result of sea level regression or transgression coupled with decreased deposition.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 044
**Investigating the Cyclical Lithologies of the Upper Ordovician Fairview Formation in Northern Kentucky**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenters: Caroline Cox, Rachel Kurima, Evan Sutherland, Lydia Tuttle
Mentor: Peter Riemersma
Nearly 460 Ma old, the Upper Ordovician Fairview Formation consists of distinct alternating layers of limestone and shale which point to a fascinating cyclical depositional history. Our objective is to assess the possible processes that deposited either shell-rich layers or mud over time. A focus question that we will address is: What role might sea-level cycles have had on the lithology of the formation? One proposed model for the limestone beds involves winnowing of fine-grained material during storms and sea-level changes, which together produced shell-rich beds. Alternatively, a sediment starvation model proposes that the shell-rich beds are a result of low sediment input over longer periods of time without the influence of storm winnowing. We will examine hand samples and thin sections to assess factors such as shell condition, packing, and mud content to differentiate between these two models and determine which represents the more likely explanation.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 045
**Cyclical Facies of Shale and Fossiliferous Limestone of the Upper Ordovician Kope Formation of Northern Kentucky**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenters: Janelle Cook, Emily Siriano, Michael Stefanou, Hanna Szydlowski
Mentor: Peter Riemersma
The origin of highly fossiliferous limestones in the Kope Formation has been a source of wonder and controversy.
Consisting of alternating layers of shale and fossiliferous limestone, the shell rich beds are hypothesized to result from storm winnowing or sediment starvation. The storm winnowing model proposes that storms removed fine-grained mud particles from material, leaving behind dense shell beds. Storm impact may have been driven by changes in sea level. The sediment starvation model proposes that periods of low sedimentation were the primary driver in the accumulation of shell beds. Our research used hand samples and thin sections of the limestone to aid in constructing past depositional environments by assessing the distribution, condition, and type of fossils. Evidence in the form of skeletal fragment shape and the amount of micrite matrix within packstones and carbonate concretions was compared to provide support for either the storm winnoring or sediment starvation models.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 046
**Women in Theatre Arts**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Madeline McDowell
Mentor: Nora Salas
During the 19th and early 20th century, women were overlooked and judged for their participation in theatre arts. Over the course of history many roles, such as director and playwright, have been masculinized and women were disregarded in terms of these roles. Many women portrayed stereotypical gender roles, like the submissive southern housewife, and were stifled when it came to other roles in performances. During the early to mid-20th century, women playwrights and directors became more prominent in the world of theatre, along with women's acting roles being updated to fit a more feminist lens.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 047
**Students to Surgeons: Using Mentorship to Promote Diversity in a Field of Limited Representation**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Jessica Montgomery
Mentor: Jamie Langlois
Physicians of color are significantly underrepresented in cardiothoracic surgery compared to other specialties. In 2020, Black and Hispanic surgical residents comprised just 4 and 5 percent of cardiothoracic programs, respectively. Minoritized students face many structural barriers to pursuing a career in medicine, let alone competitive specialties like cardiothoracic surgery. Students to Surgeons is a pilot mentorship program that aims to both expose students to cardiothoracic surgery as a career and provide support in navigating educational systems and career planning as minoritized students. Limited representation in medicine leaves marginalized communities without adequate access to physicians who directly understand their needs and experiences. Students to Surgeons attempts to promote diversity in cardiothoracic surgery through direct, early engagement with minoritized students in the community. Programs must actively facilitate diversity, or else they effectively hinder it.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 048
**Stable and Clumped Isotope Temperature Reconstructions of Last Interglacial Mollusks**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Lillian Minnebo
Mentor: Ian Winkelstern
The Bermuda Islands preserve carbonates from the Last Interglacial (~125,000 years ago), a warm time perhaps analogous to 21st century climate. We applied geochemical methods to *D. frons* (oyster) fossils from this time, found on Verrill Island, Bermuda, to reconstruct Interglacial conditions. This includes the use of the new clumped isotope technique ($\Delta_{47}$), which directly measures paleotemperature. Mollusks were sampled along their growth axes for temperature reconstructions. The oysters report a mean $\delta^{18}$O value of $-0.51 \pm 0.17\%$, consistent with two *G. americana* mollusk records. The $\Delta_{47}$ values report a mean temperature of $23.6 \pm 4.2^\circ$C and $\delta^{18}$O$_{\text{water}}$ values report a mean of $+1.5 \pm 0.9\%$, both consistent with modern Bermuda conditions (16 to 31°C). These data enable interspecies comparisons and contribute to a broader understanding of climate and North Atlantic circulation during the Last Interglacial.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 049
**Trace-amine Associated Receptor 1 and Vulnerability to Methamphetamine Use Disorders**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Derek Tonello
Mentor: Shkelzen Shabani
Vulnerability to methamphetamine (MA) use is related to the genetics that mediate the aversive and rewarding effects of MA. According to the most recent research, a gene known as the trace-amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) seems to play a protective role, meaning animals that have a functional version of the gene have very low voluntary MA intake. Our research worked with mice that have a non-functional version of the TAAR1 gene and mice that have the functional version of the gene TAAR1+/+ knocked in via the CRISPR-Cas9 method. We pharmacologically manipulated the gene and were able to show that TAAR1 receptor is necessary for the aversive effects of MA and other hypothermic effects.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 050
**Structural and Functional Investigation of BshC: The Final Enzyme of the Bacillithiol Biosynthesis Pathway**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Connor Daly
Mentor: Paul Cook
Fosfomycin resistance has become an issue in recent years with previously treatable bacteria. Gram-positive species utilize FosB-type fosfomycin resistance which uses the low molecular weight thiolbacillithiol (BSH). The complete biosynthesis pathway of BSH is not yet known with the function of the enzyme BshC remaining an unknown. This lab has explored several pathways to further the understanding of BshC. A structure of BshC from a different bacterial species, *Staphylococcus aureus*, was investigated via protein crystallization and x-ray crystallography. BshC activity assays were completed based on the mechanism of MshC. Further BshC assays were completed based on computational simulations indicating that a tRNA charged with cysteine could be the source of activated cysteine in the BshC mechanism. A method of thiol identification and quantification was developed using monobromobimane thiol complexes and ion-pairing HPLC. This was used in the analysis of BshC activity with cys-tRNA.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 051
**Dr. Lee S. Huizenga (1880-1945): A Medical Missionary in Jukao, China (1920-1945)**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Haley Krebs, Erin Spencer
Mentor: Meghan Cai
Dr. Lee S. Huizenga (1880-1945) was a Dutch medical missionary who was sent to Rugao, China in 1920 with the first wave of missionaries sent by the Grand Rapids Christian Reformed Church. In Rugao, he treated patients for leprosy both in hospitals and homes and learned to conduct sermons in Chinese. This research was conducted to see the impact Chinese culture had on Dr. Huizenga's life, and to further understand how he impacted the health and religious beliefs of the people of Rugao. This study includes preliminary findings from artifacts from the Grand Rapids Public Museum and the Calvin University Archives, from where Dr. Huizenga received his undergraduate degree. These artifacts include handwritten scrolls from warlord Feng Yuxiang, monthly letters written by Dr. Huizenga, paintings representing the bodhisattva Guanyin, and books of sermons in Chinese with handwritten notes by Dr. Huizenga.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 052
Using GIS to Analyze Erosion and Erosion Risk Mapping of Lake Michigan Shoreline
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Michael Stefanou, Hanna Szydlowski, Levi Thaler
Mentor: Peter Wampler
Water levels in Lake Michigan have undergone variation resulting in dramatic changes along the shoreline. High lake levels in the mid-1980's reached 177.50 m above Low Water Datum (LWD) causing shoreline erosion and landowner efforts to protect the shoreline using engineered structures. Concern over erosion prompted the creation of shoreline erosion risk maps by GVSU's Dr. William Neal and other contributors. The original map set contained 49 erosion risk maps spanning the entire Lake Michigan coast. Renewed high lake levels in August 2020 at 177.45 m above LWD have caused renewed interest in shoreline erosion and risk mapping. For this study, map panels from the 1980's maps were randomly selected to explore the extent of erosion at the various sites and evaluate the accuracy of this risk mapping and shoreline erosion rate predictions.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 053
What Influences Perceptions of Physical Threat?
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Phuc Dang, Samantha Poliak
Mentor: Kristy Dean
What affects perceptions of and reactions to physical danger? Research shows that insecure attachment can aid in detection of and response to physical threats. But how does this personality trait compare to others, like belief in a dangerous world? Research also shows that social exclusion can sensitize us to physical threats. But do different types of social exclusion affect our perceptions/reactions to threats differently? In this study, 191 participants experienced social acceptance, rejection, or ignoring, and reported threat to basic needs. They visualized walking on campus at night and hearing strange noises, then reported perceptions of danger, emotions, and behavioral reactions to an ambiguous threat. Results show that attachment affects perceptions of danger beyond the effect of belief in a dangerous world. Also, experiencing rejection (vs. ignoring) exacerbates physical vulnerability, which then increases negative mood and perceptions of danger.
Assessing the Genetic Relationship of Wild Rice Populations in Michigan
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Carlin Moore
Mentor: Charlyn Partridge
Wild rice native to Michigan is both culturally important to the Anishinabe people of the Great Lakes region and ecologically beneficial to aquatic habitats. However, populations are declining as a result of poor water quality, pollution, and habitat loss. The two main species of wild rice in Michigan include northern wild rice (*Zizania palustris*) and southern wild rice (*Z. aquatica*). These species have different characteristics and different management strategies since *Z. aquatica* is a threatened species. Observational work has indicated that some populations may be the result of hybridization by the two species, and this could have implications in terms of population health and management. We are using nuclear and chloroplast genetic markers to evaluate the genetic relationships among *Z. aquatica* and *Z. palustris* populations around Michigan and to identify potential hybrid populations. These data will be used to improve current management practices for this important species.
Analysis of a Hyperadherent *Salmonella* Mutant in Biofilm Formations
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenters: Carter Filchak, Brandon Tower
Mentor: Aaron Baxter
*Salmonella enterica* serovar Typhimurium accounts for ~1.35 million foodborne illnesses and 420 deaths/year in the US. Poultry is the main reservoir for *Salmonella* and easily spreads primarily through the consumption of undercooked poultry products. Previous work created a hyperadherent nonvirulent strain (BJ3562) that forms robust biofilms in host animals and on inanimate surfaces. We are undertaking a study to determine if BJ3562 can outcompete wild-type *Salmonella* colonization and potentially reduce the incidence of illness. Growth rate of BJ3562 was examined and shown to have similar rates to wild-type *Salmonella*. Fluorescent plasmids have been placed in the genome of BJ3562 to identify their presence in later examinations. These plasmids have been shown to have no effect on morphology or function. Currently, we are characterizing a biofilm assay for both static and competitive models. Future work will include additional competitive biofilm assays in flow-through chambers.
Anthropology in 3D: The Use of Photogrammetry in the Preservation and Dissemination of Ethnographic Art
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Alexander Spindler
Mentor: Mark Schwartz
Photogrammetry is an effective tool used by archaeologists in museums and organizations by creating a 3D model from overlapping photos. This project involves a collection of ethnographic artifacts from Papua New Guinea that are currently housed in the GVSU Anthropology Department collection. This presentation reviews the results of this project. Artifacts were photographed and 3D models were created using the Agisoft Metashape program. Models are disseminated via the Sketchfab website with proper cultural information. Artifacts originate from Sepik River tribes and were designed originally for the tourist industry. This project shows utility of photogrammetry in
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 057
**Computational Analysis of BshC, an Enzyme Responsible for Antibiotic Resistance in Firmicute Bacteria**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Matthew Martin
Mentor: Mary Karpen
Bacillithiol is a compound synthesized by certain gram-positive bacteria called firmicutes, such as *B. Subtilis*. This compound is used to protect the bacterium from oxidative stress and establish antibiotic resistance. There are three enzymes in the synthesis pathway of bacillithiol: BshA, BshB, and BshC. Understanding the mechanism of BshC could lead to creating methods of combatting infections by these pathogens. This enzyme is a putative cysteine ligase, however the ligand that donates the cysteine is unknown. The structure of BshC has been previously solved and exists in the crystal structure as a homodimer. By performing structural homology searches, we were able to find ligands that may bind the BshC active site. These potential ligands were docked into the active site of BshC and molecular dynamics simulations were carried out to deduce possible binding modes. Results of this project will be used to formulate hypotheses about ligand interactions and possible enzyme mechanisms.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 058
**The Impact of a Global Scholarship Team: Fostering Scholarship and Student Mentorship.**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Madison Niederer
Mentor: Katherine Moran
A diverse, scholarship team is an innovative approach for not only faculty to attain requirements of promotion, tenure and scholarship but also a method to increase scholarship output by students. An international, multisite team with individuals that are DNP or PhD prepared whom have expertise in multiple practice areas provides a collaborative approach with the diversity and different skill set for a highly productive approach to scholarship. A diverse, faculty and student global scholarship team is an effective strategy to 1) improve faculty output to address university requirements for productivity and 2) give DNP or PhD students the opportunity to initiate practice scholarship during their academic journey. The global scholarship team fosters mentorship for not only faculty members, but also for students to promote practice scholarship to ultimately advance improvements in health care, higher education, and the nursing profession.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 059
**Conspiracy Mindsets and The Big Five Personality Traits**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00PM
Presenters: Sadie Doctor, Emily Hill, Jessica Malinowski, Erin Mangan, Kendra Pollick, Kathrine Sawertailo, Kianna Sterlini
Mentor: Mario Fific
To explain how conspiracies are adopted, researchers have explored relationships between psychological foundations and propensities towards conspiracies. Current research explores the relationship between personality
traits and tendencies towards conspiracy thinking. Personality was evaluated with the Big Five test, measuring five dimensions: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The conspiracy propensity was measured by the Generic Conspiracist Beliefs scale. We hypothesized that these mindsets are associated with low agreeableness and conscientiousness, and high openness and neuroticism scores. We collected data on a sample of GVSU undergrad students, finding that conspiracy beliefs were normally spread over our subjects. However, the results failed to support our hypothesis, suggesting that personality doesn't play a role in conspiracy thinking. Future research will focus on understanding the cognitive aspects of forming conspiracy beliefs.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 060
Pathophysiological Mechanisms That Contribute to Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and its Role on the Heart
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Jefferson Cano
Mentor: Ruijie Liu
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a condition caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) that causes significant structural and functional changes in the myocardium. This condition is separate from the traditional coronary artery disease (CAD) that leads to heart failure. Even while CAD and hypertension are adjusted clinically, the risk of cardiovascular heart failure is still high within the DM patient population. Diabetes increases the risk of heart failure and heart failure has a worse outcome in the presence of diabetes. The pathogenesis of DC is still under heavy research as multiple mechanisms may play a role in there modeling of the myocardium. Some of these potential mechanisms are hyperglycemia, beta-oxidation of free fatty acids, advanced glycated end products (AGEs), reactive oxygen species, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation. This study will review the pathophysiological mechanisms of AGEs deposition and hyperglycemia in the heart.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 061
Phospho-Mimicking Nato3
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Grace Okros
Mentor: Merritt Delano Taylor
The floor plate basic helix loop helix (bHLH) protein Nato3 has been determined to drive genes important in dopaminergic (DA) neurogenesis. Preliminary phosphomimetics studies indicate that T101, T132, and S140 sites may regulate Nato3’s biological function, with in-silico analyses indicating that these sites could be phosphorylated by PKA, PKG and PKC. It is not yet known if these sites are phosphorylated by PKA, PKG or PKC. Our hypothesis is that Nato3 is a substrate for these kinases at these predicted phosphorylation sites. To test this, we will design and express a vector that contains the gene for a histamine tagged version of Nato3 in bacteria. The tagged protein will be purified using a nickel affinity column and phosphorylated using kinase assays. We will test for successful phosphorylation of Nato3 residues using mass spectrometry. These data will inform studies to create the phospho-mimicked version of Nato3 that can upregulate genes involved in DA neurogenesis.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 062
Predicting Potential Archeological Dig Sites Using LiDAR Data and Relative Locations to Large Water Bodies
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenters: Nathan Byrne, Nathan Shelnick
Mentor: Peter Wampler
Native Americans had a strong presence in West Michigan and the Grand River Valley for the past 2,000 years. Natives left behind evidence through artifacts and changes to the landscape with mounds. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) has allowed us to perform 3D analysis and produce slope derivative maps to identify potential mounds and mound complexes in Ottawa County. Known occupation sites are used to develop criteria which can predict the location of previously unmapped sites. Geographic information systems (GIS) can identify places where these people lived in relation to navigable water bodies and floodplains. This combination of criteria gives insight to where Native American populations were more likely and where potential archeological dig sites may be located. Specifically, we predict mounds that Native Americans created will be visible using derivative LiDAR maps and we can use the location of these mounds in relation to other land features in order to identify dig sites.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 063
Improving Breastfeeding Outcomes through the Frenectomy Procedure
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Shelby Thomas
Mentor: Kelli Damstra
Ankyloglossia, or “tongue-tie”, is a common congenital anomaly that is characterized by an abnormally short lingual frenulum. This condition can restrict tongue mobility, making it difficult for infants with ankyloglossia to breastfeed. A frenectomy is a simple procedure that is used to correct tongue-tie by using a laser or a scalpel to cut the frenulum, making tongue less restricted to allow more effective breastfeeding. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of the frenectomy procedure on a mother’s breastfeeding outcomes and self-efficacy. Tools that may be used for the purpose of this study include the BSES-SF screening tool and other breastfeeding assessment questionnaires. The research conducted in this project will also be used for a current research study on the effect of frenectomy procedures on maternal self-efficacy. This current study is being conducted at a local pediatric dental office, Mitten Kids, where the frenectomy procedure is commonly done.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 064
Cell Sorting and Quantitation of Microorganisms via Capillary Isotachophoresis
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Olivia Gordon
Mentor: Andrew Lantz
Currently, there is a need for a rapid, inexpensive, and versatile method for the quantitation of bacterial contamination in many science-related fields. Here, we report the development of a method for the sorting and quantitation of microorganisms using capillary isotachophoresis (cITP). Unlike traditional capillary electrophoresis, cITP utilizes a nonuniform electric field through the capillary, taking advantage of charged cells’ electrophoretic mobilities and concentrations to focus and separate them from one another. In this study, we demonstrate a method to focus and sort various microbial species (such as *Streptococcus mutans*, *Bacillus subtilis*, and *Escherichia coli*). This cITP method was optimized for factors such as buffer concentration, leading, tailing, and spacer ion compositions, capillary length, and sample injection volume. In addition, initial data is presented on the capability of this method to simultaneously quantify these species in mixed samples.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 065
**Structural and Functional Characterization of BstA in *Staphylococcus aureus***
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Michael Pellizzari
Mentor: Paul Cook
Bacillithiol, a low-molecular-weight thiol, is central to the resistance of Fosfomycin, an antibiotic commonly used to treat MRSA infections. These thiols play a crucial role in cellular redox chemistry and is carried out by BstA, a thiol transferase. A structure of BstA has been determined previously but the activesite is empty. This study highlights BstA and various mutants in attempts to obtain kinetic parameters and a crystallographic structure with substrate(s) bound in the active site. The BstA gene and mutants were transformed into BL 21 *E. coli*, expressed, and purified using Ni-NTA column chromatography. BstA exhibits kinetic activity with increasing concentration of concentrations of L-cysteine.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 066
**Synthesis of CMPO Ligands and Anion Recognition Elements for Use in the Extraction of F-block Elements**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Gabriel Heselschwerdt
Mentor: Shannon Biros
“Rare earth” metals – metals that reside in the f block of the periodic table – are found in nuclear waste and electronic components and are difficult to recycle. Organic molecules (“ligands”) can be used in the extraction of these metals from their source. We synthesized two ligands, TREN-CMPO-OEt and TRPN-CMPO-Ph, for the respective selective extraction of terbium and thorium. These compounds were characterized by IR, $^1$H NMR, $^{13}$C NMR, $^{31}$P NMR, and mass spectrometry. In order to characterize the resultant metal complexes, the TRPN ligand was complexed with lanthanum and thorium. An anion recognition element (ARE), 5 (2 pyrrolo)tetrazole, was also synthesized as an attempt to increase the extraction efficiency of the ligands. Extractions were carried out with an acidic, aqueous solution of lanthanum or thorium, the ligand in DCM, and the ARE. The extraction efficiency was measured by ICP-OES. Extraction data for various ligand-metal-ARE combinations will be presented.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 067
**Does Social Media Affect College Students Mental Health?**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Laynie Braman
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
The purpose of this research study was to find out how social media is affecting college students' mental health. To find this, 28 Grand Valley State University students were sampled. Their viewpoints on social media and how it affects issues like academics, and mental health were analyzed. Mental health issues are continuously rising in present society, and is becoming much more apparent in younger generations. Social media is growing just as quickly. This research is aimed at studying the connection between the two.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 068
Toxicological Evaluation of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) using Galleria melonella
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Micaela Manschula
Mentor: Babasola Fateye
Background: Galleria has increasingly been used as a surrogate invertebrate model. This project seeks to (i) investigate its suitability for assessing the effect of MC-LR; (ii) compare indices with reported values from vertebrates. Method: We assessed acute effects, development, histopathology in galleria larvaedoses (25 to 500ng in 5ul) by injecting into the haemocoel or via oral gavage. Results: Preliminary results (n =2) shows that the acute TD50 is between 125 to 250ng. Conclusion: Galleria has been easy to work with.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 069
Using GIS to Track of Harmful Cyanobacteria Blooms in Western Lake Erie
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Mariah Gotz
Mentor: Peter Wampler
Lake Erie is the shallowest and warmest of the Great Lakes, making ideal conditions for algal growth. Cyanobacteria are harmful algae that are threatening the water quality of Lake Erie. Nutrient loading from excess Phosphorus and Nitrogen are a main contributor to algal blooms. Phosphorus is a nutrient used for agriculture and often ends up in the water, especially after major storm events. ArcMap GIS was used to analyze data for the western portion of Lake Erie, where the majority of these harmful blooms are located. Satellite imagery and supervised classification were used to quantify the extent of algal blooms for several time periods. Water chemistry data from six monitoring stations were used to quantify phosphorus levels and their geographic distribution in the western portion of the lake. Analyzing the extent of blooms and phosphorus levels may provide a means of predicting future algal blooms and their extent.
HENRY HALL ATRIUM 070
Investigation of Atypical Nutrient Acquisition Due to Esophageal Cancer
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Zachary Seim
Mentors: Chris Reed, Dawn Richiert, Melissa Tallman
Most individuals break down food through mechanical digestion within the oral cavity which continues as chemical digestion in the stomach allowing nutrients to be absorbed. However, there are medical conditions that affect swallowing such as cancer. These individuals will need external sources, such as Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastronomy (PEG) tubes. A PEG tube is placed by cutting through the abdominal wall in order to access the stomach. The tube is then fed into the stomach to send nutrients through. The dissection of an 88-year-old female cadaver who was diagnosed with Esophageal Cancer revealed that a PEG tube was in place. The tube was confirmed based on the location into the stomach seen with PEG tube placement. Due to the esophageal damage, a PEG tube will ensure that nutrients are absorbed. Decreased nutrition can be detrimental to cancer patients recovering from chemotherapy. The use of a PEG tube may be the best option to provide nutrients without further risk.
While Herman Melville refers frequently to ancient Greek and Roman literature in his works, relatively little work has been done on Melville’s reception of classical antiquity (although see Garrison 1971 and Sweeney 1975). In this project, however, I argue that prominent ekphrases - descriptions of visual art - in *Moby-Dick* should be situated in the tradition of ekphrasis in ancient epic, particularly the shields of Achilles and Aeneas in the *Iliad* and *Aeneid*. Following Homer, ekphrasis becomes an important generic feature of classical epic, with the ekphrases often functioning as icons of the cosmos (*imagines mundi*), as demonstrated by Hardie (1986). My project focuses on the painting in the Spouter-Inn (Chapter 3) and the doubloon (Chapter 99), arguing that Melville casts both as *imagines mundi*, in which the four elements of ancient natural philosophy and the planetary bodies, particularly the sun, figure prominently.
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has affected communities and families worldwide since March 2020 when lockdowns and mask mandates first went into place. A year of confusion and uncertainty followed waiting for the vaccine. Misinformation and disinformation was spread widely on social media sites which increased fear and concerns for the safety of the COVID-19 vaccines. The goal of this project is to help groups like Vaccinate West Michigan determine what kind of positive and truthful information of the vaccines needs to be shared on social media. In order to gauge what people thought about the vaccine, we conducted ethnographic interviews, participant observation, and social media research. We were striving to understand perceptions about vaccines, confidence in vaccines, and how this spreads across social media platforms. We created ethnographically informed social media graphics in order to answer questions and increase vaccine confidence.
Spina bifida, or myelomeningocele, is an open neural tube defect in which the spinal cord does not develop properly due to incomplete closure of the neural tube. This report looks to enlighten on the clinical significance of spina bifida by giving a detailed account of what it is, how it is diagnosed, and how it is treated, as done through the analysis of varying studies, trials, and reviews. In addition, this paper presents what advances in the field are currently being explored to improve the treatment of those affected by spina bifida.
As an extension of this report, the student will present a 3-part poster at Student Scholar’s Day that not only gives a visual enhancement of spina bifida, but explores the related neural tube defects of Chiari malformation and frontal encephalocele. Similar to the report, the poster will work to provide its audience with information on what both Chiari malformation and frontal encephalocele are, how they are diagnosed, and how they are treated.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 001
**Finding Malicious Malware using Twitter Scanner**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Morgan Hamlin
Mentor: Erik Fredericks
Zoom has become an increasingly popular application. This has led to an increase in cyber criminal activity. Cybercriminals have been utilizing social engineering tactics to persuade users to download compromising software. Their agenda is to gain access to sensitive information and exploit your system. I will be utilizing a Python bot to find malicious malware posted on Twitter under the domain name of Zoom. This bot can scan and identify potential threats, with the idea being to bring awareness to phishing scams and help mitigate dangerous Zoom downloads on Twitter.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 002
**Detecting Face Mask Usage Trends in Social Media with Machine Learning**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Seth Ockerman
Mentor: Erin Carrier
The use of face masks to prevent disease spread among the general population has become widespread due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The ability to accurately detect and monitor the trends in face mask usage is crucial to understanding and predicting hotspot areas for both current and future pandemics. This work investigates the detection of face masks in social media images using deep learning. This project creates a social-media-based face mask image dataset that reflects the scale needed for deep learning and the diversity (mask types, positions of people, and ethnicity) of real life. We have gathered approximately 120k images containing people from different cities. Mechanical Turk is used to label the images based on the presence of a face mask. Using this dataset, we train a CNN model to detect the presence of face masks in social media images and compare the results to existing datasets. We then deploy our model to detect trends in face mask usage in Los Angeles over time.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 003
**ACE2 Receptors and SARS-S-2: Developing a Treatment for COVID-19**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Rachel Meriweather
Mentor: Amy Manderscheid
SARS-S-2, the virus behind Covid-19 infections, has caused devastating effects worldwide in the last two years. This literature review explores the relationship between the SARS-S-2 virus and ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) receptors, as well as therapeutic treatments that could target this cellular interaction. PubMed and CINAHL databases were searched for articles using the phrases "covid-19 or coronavirus or 2019-ncov or sars-cov-2 or cov-19" and "ACE2 or angiotensin converting enzyme 2". The findings of the nine articles that met set
criteria indicated that ACE2 receptors are a likely entry mechanism for the virus and insulin resistance and heart failure increases the expression of this enzyme in the body. Various treatments such as ascorbic acid, Chinese Medicinal treatments, camostat mesylate, and other SARS virus antibodies may be effective in lessening the severity of the disease, especially in patients with increased risk factors for complications.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 004
**Expressing Hyphal Proteins in *C. albicans* Yeast Cells**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Kassandra Baker, Nicholas Schena
Mentors: Ian Cleary, Derek Thomas
There are many changes in cell wall architecture associated with the transition from yeast to hyphae in the fungal pathogen *Candida albicans*. We have constructed strains where hyphal proteins are expressed in yeast cells to examine the effects of these individual changes on the properties of the yeast cells. In particular, we are examining changes in important virulence factors of adhesion and biofilm formation.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 005
**Identifying Tradeoffs in Benefits of Interaction and Visualization Techniques for Analytic Tasks**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenters: Calob Horton, Shweta Dnyaneshwar Terkar
Mentor: Michelle Dowling
In visual analytics research, new visualization or interaction techniques are typically developed to support specific analytic tasks, such as clustering observations of high-dimensional data. User studies on these new techniques seek to demonstrate their effectiveness on specific tasks. Developers of visual analytics systems then seek to combine these techniques to support more tasks, such as characterizing distributions and clustering observations. In this example, the effectiveness of a clustering technique on characterizing distribution tasks was not evaluated and may be detrimental to this task. Therefore, a different technique for this task may be preferred. As such, we promote a broader perspective when evaluating the effectiveness of a new technique so that the tradeoffs in the benefits of using such techniques across a wide range of analytic tasks can be understood. This presentation demonstrates how to complete such an evaluation on the techniques employed by SIRIUS.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 006
**Japanese American Women in the Internment Camps - WWII**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Tess Dorman
Mentor: Nora Salas
Executive order 9066 led to the relocation and internment of thousands of Japanese Americans. This had a great impact on the mental and physical well beings of those incarcerated both in the camps and afterwards. However, I wish to look at the experiences of women within these camps. My research will address women's familial roles within the camps and how they might have changed. It will also look at the generations of Japanese American women, and how they handled the camp experience. The relevance of silence will also be explored in this research. And finally, I will address the changes these women faced once they left the camps. This research relies on
secondary and primary sources such as books, memoirs, interviews, and photographs. I look forward to sharing my research on Student Scholars Day.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 007
**An Investigation of F-Kassinin, a Model Functional Amyloid**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Lindsay Milton
Mentor: Laura Hawk
Amyloids are a class of proteins that aggregate *in vivo* and *in vitro*. These peptides are of interest as they are associated with degenerative neurological conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. Amyloids also serve functional purposes in a wide variety of natural pathways and cycles. Therefore, understanding the similarities and differences between disease-associated amyloids and function alamyloids is of interest. To investigate these proteins, the peptide Kassinin, a model functional amyloid, was synthesized using solid-phase peptide synthesis and the peptide’s sole phenylalanine residue was replaced with 4-fluorophenylalanine. The peptide was purified utilizing HPLC and the correct mass was confirmed by mass spectrometry. The fluorinated Kassinin was found to precipitate instead of forming fibrils, while non-fluorinated Kassinin formed fibrils. Future experiments will explore conditions under which both fluorinated and non-fluorinated Kassinin form fibrils, followed by a detailed investigation into the fibrillization mechanism of Kassinin.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 008
**Spin Dependence of the Nuclear Level Density**
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Luke Newman
Mentor: Sofia Karampagia
Experimental level densities are available only for a limited number of nuclei, mainly nuclei whose half-lives are long enough to take measurements of a series of energy levels. Therefore, a theoretical method is needed to predict these unknown level densities. In this study, we will calculate the nuclear level densities of a group of nuclei with valences that occupy the p and f shells. From these calculated densities, we will also study a quantity that is related to the dependence of the nuclear level densities on spin, the spin distribution. We use a code based on a technique called the moments method to predict the level density as a function of energy and spin. We will compare the predicted level densities with available experimental level densities. We will use the calculated nuclear level densities as an input in another code that calculates nuclear reaction rates. We then compare these reaction rates with the reaction rates predicted when using other theoretical level densities.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 009
**Caregiver Feedback on Use of a Toolkit to Provide CAPABLE to Older Adults with Alzheimer’s Disease: A Thematic Analysis**
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Callie Dzurisin
Mentor: Sandra Spoelstra
There are 16.3 million caregivers in the US who care for someone with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) or dementia. As part of a National Institute of Aging trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03634033), we conducted a pilot study, engaging
50 caregivers to assist in providing Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders (CAPABLE), a person-centered intervention that improves function and factors that impact function, to 52 low-income, disabled older adults with AD or dementia living at home in a Michigan Medicaid program. Data were collected monthly for 5-months (phone survey) on use of an enhanced aging-in-place toolkit; and how the content and format aided in providing care. Analysis is underway using descriptive statistics to examine demographic characteristics; and a thematic analysis to examine qualitative data. Results will be presented. Findings are expected to provide insight into how caregivers can assist with providing CAPABLE to those with AD or dementia.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 011
Improving Engineering Design Education by Fostering a Better Understanding of Electromechanical Elements
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Kevin Lott
Mentors: John Farris, Christopher Pung
This project will create boards that explain common electromechanical elements used in common products and machinery. The boards will be two feet by four feet and hang on the walls of the Innovationand Design Center. Mounted on the board will be a physical example of the electromechanical element. When possible, the electromechanical element will be displayed disassembled or with covers cut away to reveal the inner workings. All parts will be labeled with their name and function. A technical description of how the electromechanical element works will be provided.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 012
Effects of Male Histamine Deficiency on Female Receptivity & Secondary Cell Differentiation in the Accessory Glands of Male Drosophila
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Ryan Blackmer, Justin Lilley, Cazmir Sarnacki
Mentor: Martin Burg
Histamine, a neurotransmitter, has recently been located outside the nervous system in secondary cells of the accessory gland in male Drosophila. Secondary cells have been implicated in the induction of female post-mating responses (PMRs), including post-copulatory receptivity to male courtship advances. Lack of histamine in accessory cells affects the PMR of female receptivity 1-day after copulation. To better understand how histamine affects this PMR, the number of secondary cells was determined in normal and *Hdc* mutant flies lacking histamine. This was accomplished by labeling secondary cells in normal and mutant flies with green fluorescent protein (GFP) in live preparations examined using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. Findings indicate that a lack of histamine causes a decrease in the number of secondary cells. This result suggests that histamine deficiency may affect female PMRs simply by reducing the number of secondary cells in male accessory glands.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 013
Exploring Fast Emulators for Long-running Mars Simulation Code.
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Marc Tunnell
Mentors: Nathan Bowman, Erin Carrier
The NASA Ames Global Climate Model (GCM) software has been in steady use at NASA for decades and was recently released to the public. This model simulates the complex interactions of different weather cycles that exist on Mars, namely the Dust Cycle, the CO2 Cycle, and the Water cycle. It is used by NASA to help understand their empirically observed data through the use of sensitivity studies. However, these sensitivity studies are computationally taxing, requiring weeks to run. To address this issue, we have developed a surrogate model using Gaussian processes that can emulate the output of this model with relatively small amounts of data in a reduced amount of time (on the order of minutes). We demonstrate the effectiveness of our emulator using backward error analysis.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 014
**Addition of Silyl Anions to Alkenes**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Camryn Hokenstad
Mentor: Randy Winchester
Silyl anions with lithium and potassium counterions were reacted with alkenes. Nine reactions were studied to learn more about the addition of silyl anions to alkenes. In previous research, the silyl anions did not add to the alkenes as expected, forming an unusual dimer and a separate goal of this research was to study why and collect some evidence of possible mechanisms. There were some interesting results with the lithium silyl anions that suggest the silyl anions added to the alkene along with producing the dimer from previous research.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 015
**Characteristics of Simulations That Facilitate Student Confidence Working With Future Clients Who Stutter**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Katherine Day
Mentor: Cara Singer
Two simulations utilizing standardized patients (i.e., actors) were embedded in a graduate-level stuttering course to provide students an opportunity to practice evaluation and treatment skills. Students evaluated and provided a treatment session to the same patient virtually and completed questionnaires following each simulation. This study explored student perceptions of these two simulated experiences to identify simulation and student characteristics that heighten the realism of the experience and facilitate student confidence working with this population in the future. Characteristics include stuttering severity and age of the patient, the student’s previous clinical experience, and the experience (i.e., evaluation or treatment). The results of this study will help guide instructors to develop more effective simulated clinical experiences. Findings will be based on two cohorts of students.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 016
**What Happens When Molecules Collide?: Pressure Broadening of Carbon Monoxide Infrared Absorption Lines by Neon and Nitrogen**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Esabella Powers
Mentor: George McBane
Molecule-molecule or molecule-atom collisions are the first steps in most chemical reactions. Nevertheless, careful study of energy transfer during collisions on a molecular/atomic scale is a relatively recent endeavor. Here we describe laser-based spectroscopic studies that quantify a result of collision alenergy transfer on the shapes of infrared absorption line shapes for CO. Specifically, the degree to which increased collision frequency (higher pressure) affects the width of an absorption line is reported. High precision spectroscopic measurements for infrared overtone absorption lines of CO are used to evaluate collision broadening effects in collisions of CO with nitrogen or neon. Recent results, especially at higher pressures, are presented.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 017
Lumbosacral Angle Changes Due to Gut Volume
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Carly Stoops
Mentor: Natalie Laudicina
This project investigates the impact of increased gut volume on the lumbosacral angle (LSA). The LSA is an essential human adaptation to walk upright. The magnitude of the LSA can change due to age, pregnancy, sex, and, as we hypothesize, gut volume. LSA changes can result in lower back pain and decreased mobility. The consequences of being overweight or obese rarely include the anatomical changes that result due to excess gut volume. This project examines this skeletal adjustment by comparing LSA measurements from a sample of 100 adult CT pelvic scans (50 males, 50 females). Three-dimensional imaging software will be used to measure the pelvic landmarks, which will then be compared to gut volumetry. The individuals are divided into categories based on their BMIs, ranging from “normal” to obese. Statistical analysis will follow to determine if there are any changes in the LSA due to gut volume changes. We seek to understand how a larger gut size can impact anatomical function.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 018
Expression, Purification, and X-Ray Crystallographic Analysis of Methylglyoxalase A and B from Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Hunter Krzysik
Mentor: Paul Cook
Methylglyoxalases A and B are two enzymes that play a critical role in detoxification in Firmicutes. These bacillithiol utilizing enzymes are involved in a chemical pathway that converts methylglyoxal, a toxic byproduct of glycolysis, to lactate. Previously characterized X-ray crystallographic structures of Glx A and B exist but lack crucial information regarding their active sites. Without this information, it is difficult to predict the manner in which these enzymes bind their substrates and catalyze their reactions. Presented here are the techniques used for the expression, purification, and analysis of Glx A and B. Also shown here is the progress towards growing crystals and acquiring well-resolved structures with active site information. A thorough structural analysis of these methylglyoxalase enzymes will provide a better understanding of bacillithiol metabolism in *B. subtilis* and other gram-positive bacteria.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 019
Why Has Misinformation Bloomed in our Modern Political System?
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Joshua Trierweiler
Mentor: Coeli Fitzpatrick
There has been an incredible surge of misinformation surrounding the American Political System in recent years. This project will attempt to display why this surge has occurred by discussing changes that have resulted from information-sharing technologies such as social media, the effects of media polarity, and the effects of increased political polarization. Connections between misinformation and free speech, deep state conspiracies, and distrust in government will also be discussed. These changes and connections will be discussed through the lens of misinformation surrounding the 2020 election, vaccine information, and climate change. In addition, this project will attempt to explain the effect that misinformation has on our country and our political system, as well as to explain how to reconcile this issue.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 020
**American Women in the Great War**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Zane Tikkanen
Mentor: Nora Salas
American women, and women as a whole, were an incredibly important part of the Great War. Without their great sacrifices and bravery, America would not have been able to wage war. Their work in the factories and the farms of the United States provided material for the homefront, while their work on the frontlines saved the lives of soldiers through medicine and espionage. Without the work of women, veterans likely would never have received their due benefits. The Great War also raised the respect that men had towards women, especially in the signal corps of the American Expeditionary Forces, where women earned their respect as proper members, and then some. It is for these reasons that I believe a poster presentation on the sacrifices and strength of women of this time is important. They fought for the United States, despite lacking respect and rights. These are stories that should, and must, be told.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 021
**Identifying the Isotopic Signature of Lake-Effect Precipitation in Shallow Groundwater**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Andrew Brown
Mentor: Tara Kneeshaw
Three different stable isotopes of water occur in nature, with the majority of water on Earth containing the oxygen isotope $^{16}$O. These isotopes have slightly differing physical and chemical properties. H$_2$O with heavier oxygen isotopes should theoretically precipitate earlier than lighter isotope H$_2$O, meaning this natural process should allow us to more closely observe the magnitude of effects of lake-effect precipitation on the basis of water isotope differences. Furthermore, it may allow us to understand the significance lake-effect precipitation plays in recharging shallow aquifers. In this study, patterns of lake-effect precipitation from Lake Michigan are observed in a collection of water samples from shallow-depth (<80 ft) aquifers. The extent of the difference in isotope concentrations between samples that differ longitudinally will also provide insight into the magnitude of effects of lake-effect precipitation, as well as son overall groundwater chemical composition.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 022
**Biological Assessment of Ecosystem Integrity in the Grand River, MI**
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Colin Assenmacher
The Grand River is the longest river in Michigan and has been greatly impacted by human activities, leading historically to poor river quality. Despite this, actions throughout the past 50 years have resulted in increased river health and broader water quality monitoring. During the summer of 2021, rapid bioassessments targeting benthic macroinvertebrates were conducted along the Grand River, with the goal of following up on prior state-led efforts. Using Michigan P22 and P51 methodologies, surveys at 7 previously sampled locations were carried out along with chlorophyll-a analysis. Our results indicate a decline in water quality as one travels downstream, likely due to riparian impacts and cumulative pollution. Macroinvertebrate ratings remained similar to prior efforts in all sites, except Jackson and Grandville which showed increased quality. Chlorophyll-a concentration was highest in the Grand Rapids reach and lowest in the Jackson site, generally increasing further downstream.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 023
**Medical Controversies in the Emergency Department**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Paige Berman
Mentor: Coeli Fitzpatrick
Clinical literature and guidance regarding controversial practices in the Emergency Department can be unclear and confusing to emergency health providers needing to make quick decisions regarding patient care. This project utilizes CMS meaningful measures to examine the effect on quality of care for each selected controversy. A literature review was conducted of peer reviewed journal articles, books, and other sources from databases including CINAHL Complete, ScienceDirect, and UpToDate. Each source was categorized as either conducive to quality improvement or detrimental. Controversial psychiatric care, pain management, and imaging practices as well as the use of artificial blood were found to be detrimental to quality care. Family presence in emergencies and evidence-based staffing were found to increase quality of care. Recommendations to improve controversial practices based on the evidence are made and should be considered to promote safe, quality care for all patients.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 024
**Investigating the Role of PTPR in Planarian Regeneration**
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Jane Moore
Mentor: Matthew Christians
Planaria have the unique ability to regenerate any part of their body via stem cells at a much higher rate than other organisms. They are a model organism for studying regeneration and discovering the genes that play a role in this process. This experiment investigated the role of a protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor (PTPR) gene, which a preliminary analysis concluded that it may be involved in neuron regeneration. We produced double stranded RNA of the PTPR gene and used this to suppress the endogenous PTPR gene in planaria through RNAi. After which, we amputated the heads from the planaria and assessed regeneration after 1 week. Our results suggest that the PTPR gene does not affect planarian head regeneration. We only investigated head regeneration in this experiment; therefore more research could be conducted on whether PTPR affects behavior or other types of regeneration in this species.
Marmoset Monkeys (*Callithrix jacchus*) Only Scent Mark After Behaviors that Evaluate Food Quality
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Ashley Brown
Mentor: Cynthia Thompson
Common marmoset monkeys (*Callithrix jacchus*) gouge tree holes to feed on the exudate produced, and frequently scent mark these holes. If scent marks function to communicate information about food quality, primates are expected to first feed or gouge a hole for evaluation, then decide whether to scent mark. To test this hypothesis, data were collected on wild marmoset foraging and scent marking sequences at Tapacurá Field Station, Pernambuco, Brazil. Of recorded sequences, 25.1% (N=139/553) displayed scent marking, and animals fed or gouged prior to scent marking in 100% of sequences. The most common sequence was to feed then scent mark (38.1%, N=53/139); compared to feed, gouge, scent mark (32.3%, N=45/139); and gouge then scent mark (20.1%, N=29/139). Scent marking never preceded an initial feeding or gouging event. Although alternate explanations are possible, these behavioral sequences are consistent with the hypothesis that scent marking could function to communicate food quality.
Ball-and-Pillow Genesis in the Ordovician Fairview Formation of Northern Kentucky: Evidence of Seismic Activity?
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Elisia Fritz, Jared Galka, Zachary Kippe, Logan Mocherman
Mentor: Peter Riemersma
Structures preserved in coarser rock layers can provide evidence of ancient seismic activities. Ball-and-pillow structures are deformation sediments caused by density instability between layers of unlithified sediments, with beds sinking into underlying mud. They can form during rapid introduction and deposition of sediments as turbidites or during storms. Seismic activity has been proposed as initiating their genesis in some cases. Sediment liquefaction occurs when seismic shaking causes deposited mud to behave more like a liquid, allowing overhead sediments to infiltrate the mud below. At our outcrop we observe that ball-and-pillow structures are not present in all layers, and if present they tend to occur in thicker parts of the bed. Utilizing this distinction, as well as both deformed and undeformed hand samples and thin sections, we will look for evidence of seismically-induced liquefaction.
Improving Memory Performance in Older Adults Through Training
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Laura Schultz
Mentor: Jing Chen
Over the years, there has been a number of memory training programs developed to mitigate age-related changes in memory. Research has also been conducted to examine the effectiveness of these programs in improving older adults’ memory functions. In this presentation, I plan to review some empirical studies that have investigated the effects memory training programs have on both objective and subjective memory. I will also review research that
has specifically looked into whether the aging brain can reorganize and alter its function in response to memory training programs and what characteristics can predict an individual's gains from such training. In the end, I will discuss my experience working with residents at a retirement community using the Higher Memory Program which involves a baseline cognitive assessment, followed by weekly math tests, writing prompts, and reading.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 028
Examining Prospective Methods for Self-Heating Ultrasound Transmission Gel for Possible Improved Health Outcomes in NICU Patients
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Erica Wienczek
Mentor: Miriam Teft
Previous research outlines the impact of neonatal intensive care unit environment on patient health outcomes. Findings include physiologic, neurobehavioral, and neuromotor sequelae related to excessive light, sound and touch in the NICU. Sonographic evaluation of NICU patients introduces sensory burdens of handling, transducer use, and cold sterile gel which may contribute to high sensory NICU environments. This study demonstrates a novel technique for the production of self-heating, sterile, single use gel packets for use with neonates in a portable setting. Single use gel packets contain internal heating components activated by inducing an exothermic chemical reaction to warm the gel. Temperatures reached a value intermediate to room, and body temperature, which would lessen the sensory load of sonographic exams. Using sterile self-heating gel packets will allow sonographers to reduce the sensory stress contributed in the NICU environment, possibly improving neonate health outcomes.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 029
A Guide to Performing Historical Contextualization
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Ryan Iacovone
Mentor: Sheila Garcia Mazari
Some students think history classes are simply about memorizing facts that have to do with dates and dead people. On the contrary, learning about history involves crafting narratives about the past rooted in evidence; then analyzing that narrative to evaluate how human societies have changed over time. That’s the story of historical contextualization. Lacking this skill results in students falling into the trap of presentism and consequently missing vital historical information. Therefore, this presentation is designed to acquaint students with the concept of historical contextualization and explain how it can help improve their authority while conducting research.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 030
Origin of Chert Lenses in Dolomite and Relative Timing With Respect to Dolomitization in Lower Silurian Brassfield Formation at Tollesboro Kentucky
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenters: Ryan Benjamin, Ethan Gardner, Jared Jesko, Jagger Wicker
Mentor: Peter Riemersma
The origin of chert lenses in dolomite and relative timing with respect to dolomitization in the Lower Silurian Brassfield Formation (~440 Ma) is poorly understood. The light-colored chert of the Brassfield is present as lenses within the dolomite. As the process of dolomitization tends to destroy fossil fabrics, the relative timing between
chertification and dolomitization can be assessed by the presence or absence of fossils in the chert. This project seeks to investigate what local conditions led to the development of chert lenses and the timing of dolomitization. This will be achieved by examining hand samples and petrographic analyses of samples in thin-section. We’ll discuss possible sources of silica and synthesize the literature on how these chert lenses are formed and what controls their distribution within the dolomite.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 031
**American Women’s Experiences in World War II**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Kristen Lach
Mentor: Nora Salas
World War II had far-reaching impacts on society through changes in the daily lives of individuals, societal structures, and ways of thinking. This research project studies the experiences of American women during World War II and how the war impacted their daily lives. Through analysis of primary and scholarly secondary sources, this project will examine how women of different races experienced and participated in World War II. The project will then discuss how these experiences changed America’s perception of women and gender. It analyzes the impact of World War II on the development of gender roles and views in American society. The project argues that race impacted the experiences American women had during World War II, that women made significant contributions to the war effort, and that America’s views on gender and women changed because of the participation of women in World War II.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 032
**Unwedmothers in the 60s and 70s**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Hannah McBride
Mentor: Nora Salas
The Homes for Unwed Mothers housed many women in the 1960s and 1970s. This presentation will look at the impact of these homes on the mothers and their babies. This presentation will be focusing on the sector of hospitals called the Booth Hospitals for Unwed Mothers, which had locations all over the country. Special attention will be paid to the location in Grand Rapids, which was located where the current Salvation Army building is on Fulton and Fuller. This presentation will address how staying in the homes impacted the mother’s mental health, and the shame that surrounded the mother since she became pregnant before getting married. This often resulted in her family sending her away. My project will include interviews with people who lived during that time, including women who became pregnant and were sent away. I will also be using secondary scholarly research on this topic.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 033
**Going Big with *Ginkgo*: Another Look at the Odd Geometry of an Ancient Tree**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Victoria Lutz, Steven Polaski
Mentor: Gary Greer
The Greer lab has been investigating the evolution and ecology of branch geometry of trees, which reflects optimizations and tradeoffs between structural support and hydraulic efficiency. This has included a study of *Ginkgo*
*biloba*, a gymnosperm with a presence in the fossil record dating back 170 mya and a very unusual, essentially unique, branch geometry. At the heart of these studies is how branch attributes (e.g., width, length, and angle) change with size; a.k.a., allometry. Studies of allometry require a robust survey across a wide range of sizes. We added to the pre-existing data set by collecting data on larger-sized *Ginkgo* to improve the allometric analysis of its branch geometry. We have also begun a study to further elucidate the causation of some odd anomalies in branching that the original team observed.
**KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 034**
**Effects of Caffeine on Reaction Time During Oculus Gaming**
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Marta Cholewa, Anna Williams
Mentor: Nicholas Lerma
Caffeine is a known physical and cognitive performance enhancer. Active virtual reality gaming (AVR) incorporates physical and mental abilities and is increasingly available to consumers participating in competitive gaming. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of caffeine on AVR performance while playing Fruit Ninja on Oculus Quest 2 gaming headset. Seventeen Grand Valley State University students voluntarily participated in a randomized double-blind controlled crossover trial. All subjects were given a beverage with or without 100mg caffeine powder to be ingested one hour prior to testing. Participants completed two reaction time performance tests before two rounds of Fruit Ninja on Zen mode. The results showed the caffeinated group performed better in Fruit Ninja by 25.3 +/- 23.4 points (p=.062). The other two reaction time tests are to be analyzed.
**KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 035**
**Community Gardens as Contexts for Teaching Art Across Disciplines**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Angela Corey, Andrea Johnheck, Lisa Sonke
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
This project is designed for 6th-8th grade students, focusing on individual contributions to the communities by exploring the contemporary art and practice of Mel Chin. Mel Chin’s *Revival Field* uses a garden to detoxify the soil, using art to cultivate environmental awareness and empower social change. The big idea of community is explored by transforming a recycled container into a planter that will later be collected into a garden representing the students’ class community. The transformation and integration of science using art-making skills will explore how we make up and contribute to our community. The lesson is scaffolded for students to use the 21st-century skills of transformation, collaboration, problem-solving, and creative strategies (e.g., metaphor) to create meaningful contributions to their school community and encourage them to be conscious and accountable members of society.
**KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 036**
**Saving Lives with Lanthanides: Lighting up Tumors**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Lizzy Sielaff
Mentor: Shannon Biros
According to the American Cancer Society, “In 2022, there will be an estimated 1.9 million new cancer cases diagnosed.” The CDC also reported that cancer was the second leading cause of death in the United States in
2021. Cancer's widespread impact puts it at the forefront of biomedical research. My project aims to push at the boundaries of cancer detection research by illuminating the boundaries of cancerous tissues. Lanthanides luminesce in the visible IR and near-IR regions of the electromagnetic spectrum with narrow emission bands. By chelating a lanthanide metal to a carbazole ligand, we can create a lanthanide-ligand complex primed for the addition of a polypeptide chain capable of targeting cancer cell-surface receptors. Hitting this lanthanide complex with UV light will cause the metal to luminesce, lighting up the tumor.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 037
**Canadian Raising of BUY and BOW vowels in UP English:** "Let’s go out and about in town tonight!"
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Molly Baxter, Lucille Near
Mentor: Wil Rankinen
This sociophonetic study examines a linguistic feature known as “Canadian Raising” (CR) in U.P. English spoken in Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. This feature involves vowels in words like “buy” (purchase) and “bow” (bend at waist) – referred to as BUY and BOW. In American English, these vowels are produced similarly in “bite” and “bide” (BUY) and in “bout” and “bowed” (BOW). However, CR (i.e., found in Canada, New York, Washington) affects beginning of BYE and BOW in “bite” and “bout” (i.e., tongue raises to produce “but” vowel); “bite” is pronounced similar to “buh-ayt”, while “bout” is similar to “buh-awt” (rather than “bah-ayt” and “bah-awt”). Raising does not occur for “bide” and “bowed”. Therefore, CR is conditioned by following “t” sounds but not “d” sounds. The study examines reading passage data from a 94-speaker corpus stratified by county, age and gender. The study seeks to uncover if and to what extent U.P. English, across the peninsula, exhibits Canadian Raising.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 038
**Investigating Students’ Knowledge of the Nature of Science**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Kayla Decker, Kara McKinley
Mentor: Thomas Pentecost
The goal of this project is to determine students' knowledge and application of the nature of science. We will explore the relationship between proximal and distal knowledge as well as the role they play in the development of the nature of science. Through the use of strategies such as surveys and interviews, we can better grasp how and when students apply these different types of knowledge. From our experimental findings we would like to develop a tool that can accurately predict students' understanding of the nature of science. This poster will present our progress in the analysis of existing instruments that measure students' knowledge of the nature of science.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 039
**Does Grand Valley Prepare Students for Adult Problems?**
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenters: Madelyn Diegel, Shareef El-Kildani, Nicole Nunez
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
An online survey developed in Google Forms was sent to 66 GVSU students in January 2022 to find out if GVSU has prepared students for adulting problems. Our findings represent the possibility for Grand Valley State University
to improve and provide more opportunities for students to become educated in. This could include providing
the appropriate classes, having more resources around campus, or educational programs. The numbers and
visualizations will express the needs of fellow students at this university.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 040
Does Ability to Double or Triple Tongue Impact Speed of Articulation in Persons who
Play Wind Instruments?
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Natalie Crossen
Mentor: Beth Macauley
Diadochokinetic tests consist of saying “Pa,” “ta,” and “ka” to test proper articulation. Double-tonguing in music
allows wind players to separate their notes while playing quickly by placing the tongue in different positions, usually
that of “ta” and “ka.” This study intended to see if there is a significant difference in the rates of those who can
double-tongue and those who do not play wind instruments.
The data involved a diadochokinetic exam and a segment of double-tonguing in musicians. For the diadochokinetic
test, participants produced the “pa” sound in isolation ten times as fast as they could three separate times, and
then the average time was determined. The same process was used with the “ta” and “ka” sounds in isolation,
finishing with “pa-ta-ka.” For musicians, their playing was recorded and then analyzed to find the rate of double-
tonguing. The data was then analyzed to look for a relationship between the ability to double-tongue and faster
diadochokinetic rates.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 041
Variation of the Lateral Cord of the Brachial Plexus in a Male Cadaver
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Bryce Reynolds
Mentors: Chris Reed, Dawn Richiert, Melissa Tallman
A variation of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus was uncovered while dissecting a male cadaver. Typically, the
lateral cord contributes to both the median and musculocutaneous nerves. However, on this cadaver the lateral cord
contributes solely to the median nerve and the musculocutaneous nerve is absent. The median nerve innervates
the biceps brachii and brachialis and forms the lateral antebrachialcutaneous nerve, and the radial nerve innervates
the coracobrachialis. This variation and other similar variations of the lateral cord have been noted previously
in as many as 8% of dissected upper limbs. The variations are likely due to atypical axonal migration during
development, possibly as a result of abnormal communication between mesenchymal cells and neuronal growth
factors during nerve branching. This anomaly has clinical implications for patients presenting with brachial plexus
injuries, as well as for procedures on or in the vicinity of brachial plexus nerves.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 042
Claudia Jones, Angela Davis, and the Involvement of Black Women in the Communist
Party
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenters: Noelle Charbonneau, Grace Hayes, Caitlin Hays
Mentor: Nora Salas
In its early days in the United States, the Communist Party hoped to draw greater African American membership by committing to fighting for racial equality. This also drew the attention of activists who sought to improve conditions across the civil rights, feminist, and socialist movements. We argue that triple oppression—the struggle between race, gender, and class—was the root of Communist motivations in Black women during the 20th century. This research seeks to place key figures, including Claudia Jones and Angela Davis, at the heart of the intersection between Communism, feminism, and civil rights in the United States during the 20th century. Our project aims to contextualize the motivations of Black women for joining the Communist Party within the sociopolitical and economic spheres across the 20th century. The project also endeavors to determine how women like Jones and Davis shaped and were shaped by the broader context of American women’s history.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 043
Does Exercise Change Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Parkinson’s Patients? -a Pilot Study
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Cameron Coates
Mentor: Sok Kean Khoo
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in adults with no cure. In PD patients, the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) – a protein that regulates brain plasticity – is lower compared to healthy people. Studies have shown that serum BDNF levels increase with exercise. Here, we collected serum samples from twelve PD patients that underwent a Nordic walking regimen over 4.5 months. Serum BDNF concentrations were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in hopes to show exercise as an intervention to slow PD progression.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 044
Adaptive Immune Response to Cancer
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Maci Rozich
Mentor: Kristin Renkema
In this study, we used a mice model which is known as the “dirty mice model.” This compares two types of mice. SPF mice are essentially pure of pathogens (other than natural microbes such as in the gut) and they have had no exposure to outside infections. We call them the “clean” mice. Compared to a human, the clean mice are representative of a newborn baby (Beura et al.). Therefore, the clean mice, like the newborn, have very little immune system experience. On the other hand, we obtained mice from the petstore which had diverse microbial experiences and a host of immune memory (meaning their T cells were well adapted and ready to take on pathogens that come their way). We call these the dirty mice since they have such an eveloped immune system, full of memory T cells. We tested whether dirty mice have increased immune responses to cancer and found that dirty mice have reduced tumor size and changes in their innate and adaptive immune cells.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 045
Community Composition of Middle Eocene Fauna in Uinta Basin, Utah
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Emma Miller
Mentor: Laura Stroik
The Uinta Basin in Uinta County, Utah has produced hundreds of productive localities since 1994. These localities span the mid-Eocene, specifically the Uintan and Duchesnean North American Land Mammal Ages (~46-38 Ma). In order to analyze the palaeoecological community that lived in the area so long ago, an understanding of the faunal composition and structure is crucial. I analyzed species richness and diversity using the Simpson’s and Shannon’s indices for all localities at the site. Analysis was restricted to jaws and teeth, as these specimens have high identification fidelity. Results indicate that there is high abundance and diversity of artiodactyls and rodents across the section. Previous assessments of Uintan fauna support these findings. Low diversity among other groups, such as carnivores and primates, could be due to taphonomic and collecting biases. A future analysis of the abiotic factors affecting these communities could reveal insights into the patterns presented here.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 046
**The Archaeologist's Toolbox: Theoretical Perspectives**
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenters: Drew Bochenek, Natalie Dobleske, Carolyn Morgan, Drew Rausch, Alexander Spindler, Madeline Weinberger
Mentor: Melissa Morison
Our team is presenting our methods and progress in regard to the creation of a graphic novel covering archaeological theory. Aimed at students newly introduced to theoretical approaches, novice archaeologists, or anyone interested in archaeology, it will cover the theoretical models that make up the primary frameworks of culture-history, processualism, and post-processualism. The purpose is to present these concepts in an approachable, accessible, and understandable way, using comprehensible imagery and conversational language. Our goal for this project is to create a valuable resource that will promote public understanding of archaeological ideas. We recognize that archaeologists have an obligation to communicate the means by which they construct knowledge, and the role of theory in that process. The finished product will be available in accessible formats, online and to print.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 047
**Examining the Effect of Over-expressing a Cell Surface Protein on *C. albicans* Growth and Adhesion.**
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Mark Sobetski
Mentors: Ian Cleary, Derek Thomas
The opportunistic fungal pathogen *Candida albicans* is part of normal human microbiota. That means that when humans travel to space they will bring this organism with them, and should someone become immune compromised during space flight they will be vulnerable to developing an infection. A study was conducted comparing *C. albicans* growth in orbit to ground conditions and it was observed that cells grown in space were more adhesive and that a number of genes were differentially expressed. Since adhesion is a key component of the virulence trait of biofilm formation, we are constructing strains that over-express individual genes whose expression was changed during space flight to better understand the cause of the observed phenotypic changes. The gene studied in this work is upregulated in space flight and is predicted to encode a cell surface protein that could be involved in adhesion.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 048
Exploring Private Servers In Online Games
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Korey Stamper
Mentor: Alisha Karabinus
This article is an examination of the history of private servers in online games in the field of digital game studies. Although there is a growing list of literature on the history of mods, there is little to no academic writing about the modification of an MMO game's server. Massive Multiplayer Online Games (MMOs) are games that host large numbers of game players using online servers in order to keep the online world running perpetually. Video game modders have the ability to emulate these online servers in order to create their own "copy" of the desired MMO. World of Warcraft and Ultima online are two MMOs that both have a history of having private or emulated servers.
Tags: online games, private server, world of warcraft, ultima online, mod
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 049
Glucose Effects on Dopamine Release in the Caudate Putame
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Carson Kasche
Mentor: Eric Ramsson
Glucose is the brain's primary energy source, yet its effects on specific neurotransmitter release hasn't been explored in detail. The Caudate Putamen resides within the Nigrostriatal Dopamine pathway which is responsible for motor movement, and motivation and rewards systems. Using Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry (FSCV) in mice brain slices, dopamine release can be measured. By administering three different glucose concentrations, this study found a positive relationship between glucose concentration and dopamine release. However, there were occurrences of sex related differences in dopamine release, as well as little significant difference between a doubled concentration of glucose and a quadrupled concentration indicating a possible limit to glucose's effects on dopamine release. Overall findings of this study show a positive correlation between glucose concentration and dopamine release within the Nucleus Accumbens.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 050
Collage and the Art of Identity: Expressing Self through Artmaking
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Thomas DeBoer, Hannah Mshar
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
The focus of this project is to create a lesson plan for middle school students that helps them gain the ability to create art that instinctually expresses their sense of self. This gives them the opportunity to confront outward perceptions of their identity by exploring the internal and external expression of identity through the creative process. We provide students with the tools and vocabulary to express their sense of identity within art and in interdisciplinary contexts. In this project, we use collage as an art form to engage students, instinctually choosing what speaks to them in relation to their identity. We then have the students create art that meaningfully explores the concepts of self they've chosen. This mode of expression and creative inquiry allows students to expand and conceptualize their identities in a meaningful and exploratory way. The goal of this project is to instill a sense of
reflection of how they see and present themselves and express that in a collage.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 051
The Effect of Instructor Feedback on Student Motivation in Undergraduate Chemistry Courses
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Lindsey Schmidt
Mentors: Thomas Pentecost, Jessica VandenPlas
Research indicates that student motivation tends to decrease upon receiving disrespectful or vague feedback from their instructors. There is also evidence that female STEM students drop their majors at rates higher than male STEM students. The purpose of this project was to develop a comprehensive understanding of the current literature on instructor feedback and its effects on student motivation and to look into how student gender plays a role in this interaction. The goal of this project was to develop an experiment to investigate this relationship. We developed four feedback groups: respectful and specific, respectful and vague, disrespectful and specific, and disrespectful and vague. Each group will receive feedback on assignments we developed for CHM 115, 116, 241, and 242 classes. This poster will present the findings of the current literature and the process of developing the feedback groups and measurement tools.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 052
Genome Expansion in Drosophila: What’s the Buzz in CMB 440?
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 12:00 PM -1:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenters: Jared Bengston, Zachary Dertien, Lillian Duce, Adam Gruppen, Emily Kedziorek, Katrena Korenek, Chad Miller, Madison Miller, Natalie Price, Kari Shadab, Madelline Waite
Mentor: Martin Burg
Similarities and differences between various Drosophila species enable the investigation of the relationship between genome structure and function. The F element in *D. melanogaster* is the smallest chromosome of four, containing about 5.2 Mbps. Comparison of the genome structure of various *Drosophila* species has revealed that the F element size can vary, with the F element in *D. ananassae* being more than 18.7 Mbps in size. The Muller F Element Expansion Project, as part of the Genomics Education Partnership, is to determine how this expansion trends across multiple *Drosophila* species with regards to specific gene characteristics such as intron size, coding exon size, and gene synteny. We will detail the gene annotation process carried out for genes from either the F element of *D. kikkawai* or the D element (chromosome 3L) of *D. bipectinata*, which will be compared to the same F and D element genes from *D. melanogaster*.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 053
Roles Prominent Women Played in Organized Crime
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenters: Rebbekka Dingus, George Hart-Waara
Mentor: Nora Salas
During the Prohibition Era and the Great Depression many people turned to crime and illegal activity in order to make money.
This presentation will show the roles that women played in organized crime that have often been overshadowed by men. Many female gangsters were only known for their male partner instead of focusing on their own actions. Media has only focused on the men. This presentation will also show how the societal problems that can cause conflict within people and make them feel like crime is the only way to survive impacted women.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 054
An Adventure into Diatom Biology in Two Projects: Building a Local Flora and Exploring *Nitzschia* Evolution
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Tyler Garcia
Mentor: Sarah Hamsher
Diatoms are photosynthetic protists responsible for 20% of the world's oxygen production and often used as ecological indicators. Difficulty in species identification and their unresolved evolution are barriers to understanding their ecology. To these ends, we are working on two projects. 1- We are compiling a species-level flora of the Grand River to use as a baseline for water quality monitoring. Preliminary data reveal *Navicula cryptotenella*, *Cocconeis placentula*, and *Staurosira construens* as dominant species. 2- To study diversity and evolution, we are studying members of the diverse genus *Nitzschia* (known to be indicators of poor water quality) because their evolution is not well understood. These data will contribute to a larger dataset to eventually produce a robust phylogeny of the genus. Both projects have increased our understanding of the local diatom flora and further resolved the phylogeny of *Nitzschia*, assisting in future studies that use diatoms for biomonitoring.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 055
A New Space-Filling Curve
Participants attending 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
Presenter: Elise Dettling
Mentor: Christian Trefftz
Space-filling curves have many applications in scientific computing. Most space-filling curves are displayed using cartesian grids and they work in conjunction with traditional quadtrees. We have proposed a new kind of curve, the LTD curve. We have written a grammar that can generate different levels of recursion of the curve. We have chosen to use barycentric coordinates instead of traditional cartesian coordinates, and we have devised a new flavor of quadtree designed for triangular grids. Previous work on this subject has been surveyed by Michael Bader in his book *Space-Filling Curves: An Introduction with Applications in Scientific Computing*.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 056
The Portrayal of the Victim on Netflix
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Shaylynne Kotch
Mentor: Leifa Mayers
Every minute, around 20 individuals are being abused by a partner (NCADV). Domestic violence has been a problem and continues to affect many. It is important to analyze how the media represents violence, as the portrayal can affect how the public perceives the victim. Within Netflix's limited Series "Maid", a young mother is a domestic violence victim. The series navigates the relationships of the victim and how she attempts to find safety
for herself and her daughter. The purpose of my research is to examine how a current popular streaming service is depicting the victim within a domestic violence situation. Within my study I use discourse analysis to go through the series and analyze the characteristics of the victim. I anticipate finding caregiver, empathetic, and vulnerable characteristics of the victim. These findings could help show how the media reinforces stereotypes of DV victims. Such implications could change the way we, collectively, discuss domestic violence and the victims.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 057
Studying the Potential Role of ERK1/2 in Diabetes-induced Heart Disease
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Madlynn Olenick
Mentor: Ruijie Liu
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, a disease of the heart muscle induced by diabetes, makes it more difficult for the heart to deliver blood to the body and can lead to heart failure. This study examines if extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) play a role in diabetic cardiomyopathy development. Diabetes was induced chemically in mice through a drug, streptozocin (STZ), which drug attacks pancreatic beta cells. Biochemically, the STZ treatment led to significant increase in ERK1/2 phosphorylation and reduction of Glut4 proteins in mice. A mouse model with enhanced ERK1/2 phosphorylation, called DKO mice due to their genetic composition, was used to study the physiological role of ERK1/2 in this process. 2 weeks after STZ administration, both control and DKO mice had high plasma glucose, but there was no difference in heart tissue fibrosis in mice 12 weeks after STZ injection. Our preliminary study suggests a potential role of ERK1/2 phosphorylation in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 058
Child Developmental Change in the Description of People
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Hanna Elwell, Kathryn Karmanos, Kelsey Lansky
Mentor: Josita Maouene-Cavin
A lack of developmental data on how children describe people prompted us to examine changes in descriptors of people by 12 children of ages 3.1-6.3 and 11 of age 7.2-10.9. 23 participants were recruited and asked 3 questions about 21 words (15 people and 6 objects over 2 lists). Each question prompted answers about appearance, function, and location. The older children provided 14.3% more perceptual features than younger children, with an increase of 10.5%. To investigate the overlap in their responses of each group of children, we created networks where the nodes corresponded to people and objects, and the links corresponded to their responses. All three networks of the older children about appearance, function and location showed more connectivity than the networks of the younger children. The functional network was the most disconnected in the young ones. Altogether these results suggest that shared perceptual features are more connecting than functional features.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 059
Effects of Transcription Start Site (TSS) Deletions on Spatial Expression Patterns of the Hdc Gene in *Drosophila melanogaster*
Participants attending 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM, 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenter: Collin Louis
Mentor: Martin Burg
This study sought to determine whether the 3 transcription start sites (TSS) identified for the histidine decarboxylase (\textit{Hdc}) gene, where \textit{Hdc} gene expression initiates, can induce \textit{Hdc} expression in different tissues. The entire \textit{Hdc} gene had been identified to be within a 9.4 kb DNA fragment, determined through immunodetection of histamine in \textit{HdcJK910} mutant flies bearing this 9.4 kb \textit{Hdc} DNA fragment. Several deletions were made to this \textit{Hdc} gene fragment that removed regions known to contain separate TSSs foreexpression of \textit{Hdc}. These deletion-bearing transgenes were transformed into \textit{HdcJK910} mutant flies and histamine immuno-localization was carried out. The histamine distribution in these flies indicated that removal of the 2 distal-most TSSs eliminated CNS expression while peripheral expression of histamine remained. These results suggest that the 2 TSSs that were eliminated are responsible for inducing expression in the CNS, but not the peripheral sensory structures, in Drosophila.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 060
\textbf{Subcutaneous Infusion Ports}
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenter: Caleb Basney
Mentors: Chris Reed, Dawn Richiert, Melissa Tallman
During the superficial dissection of an elderly male cadaver’s pectoral region, a subcutaneous infusion port was discovered stitched to the superior boarder of the right pectoralis major muscle. The individual had passed from esophageal cancer and the port was likely used for the infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs. An infusion port is a device often installed in patients that require multiple and/or frequent infusions of medication. A catheter that is connecting the port to the subclavian vein and extends into the vessel would have allowed any medications to be delivered directly into the patient’s bloodstream. A healthcare individual would be able to palpate the device beneath the patient’s skin and insert a needle into the port. In this study, I will be exploring the design, function, installation, and use of subcutaneous infusion ports in the administration of intravenous medications.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 061
\textbf{Body Parts in English Verb-Object Network Associations}
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenters: Kalob Bellows, Ammy Huynh
Mentor: Josita Maouene-Cavin
Previous studies have shown that adults associate body parts with early learned verbs, systematically and coherently. We wondered if body parts would be nested in object associations with verbs. We asked adults to link objects with the early learned verbs. We used an available corpus where 286 undergraduate students had provided responses to 102 concrete verbs. The results showed that only 7 verbs were not linked to any body part. To examine the underlying organization of the shared responses in categories, we created networks. The nodes were the verbs and the links were the responses. The full network had 102 nodes and 1838 links with 13 categories of verbs. These categories show a link to specific regions of the body in correlation to certain verb contexts, for example, feed, cook, and eat were linked to objects such as sandwich, dinner, and stomach. This suggested that in English, a systemic connection exists between objects and body parts related to verbs.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 062
\textbf{Branch Geometry of White Oak Compared to Red Oak and Two Maples: Patterns in Self Support and Water Transport}
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM
A tree needs to be able to efficiently conduct water and structurally support itself. In order for a tree to optimize these functions in different environments, the woody components of a tree species need to evolve and this may impose functional tradeoffs. A tree species expresses these tradeoffs in the form of its branch geometry, a product of its inherited anatomy and its ecological circumstance. We investigated the branch geometry of white oak (*Quercus alba*) to assess its optimization of water transport and self-support. We compared the geometry of white oak to that of red oak (*Q. rubra*), sugar maple (*Acer saccharum*), and red maple (*A. rubrum*) which were studied by our lab last year, to further elucidate species-specific (inherited) patterns.
**KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 063**
**Investigating the Rise of Authoritarianism Around the World in the 21st Century**
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM
Presenter: Ryan Iacovone
Mentor: John Constantelos
When the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991, President George H.W. Bush prophesied a ‘new world order’ where the nations of the world could prosper and live in harmony. A world where nations recognize the shared responsibility for freedom and justice. For a time, this new order appeared to be taking shape as the number of democracies around the world rose dramatically while autocratic regimes fell. In 2002, for the first time in history, the number of democratic regimes outnumbered autocratic regimes. However, the honeymoon period for this new world order would not last. According to Freedom House, since 2006 global freedom scores have declined every single year for 15 consecutive years. Over this time, democratic backsliding has been evident in countries such as the Philippines, Venezuela, Hungary, and Poland. So, what’s caused this recent surge of authoritarianism around the world? A combination of economic and cultural factors will be examined to understand this rise of authoritarians.
**KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 064**
**An Investigation Into Fatal Craniocerebral Trauma**
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Paige Zielinski
Mentors: Chris Reed, Dawn Richiert, Melissa Tallman
Skull fractures commonly disrupt the middle meningeal artery which runs in the meningeal groove, between the periosteal dura and the meningeal dura. Injury to this vessel may cause development of a significant epidural hematoma. Post-mortem dissection of a 75-year-old man revealed a linear fracture of the lateral aspect of the right parietal bone with edema of the overlying soft tissue and evident intracranial hematoma. With the location of the fracture and the appearance of a significant hematoma on the contralateral portion of the skull, the individual may have sustained a coup-contrecoup injury. Because some of the most common causes of craniocerebral trauma include falls and motor vehicle accidents, it is possible that a similar type of incident led the individual in question to sustain such injuries. This presentation will further investigate the injuries sustained and potential mechanisms of injury in this case of craniocerebral trauma.
**KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 065**
**Using GIS & Repeat LIDAR to Quantify Land Surface Changes due to Permafrost Melting**
The degradation of permafrost in arctic regions can cause land subsidence, increased runoff, and flooding. Climate change is altering permafrost geographic distribution and rates of change. Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) elevation data from multiple dates at the same geographic location can be used to quantify these changes. ArcMap GIS and 3D Analysis tools are used to quantify land surface changes across multiple years. Study sites at different latitudes in Alaska provide insights into the rate of permafrost changes as a function of latitude and geographic location. Identifying areas of permafrost degradation can allow the creation of environmental risk maps, highlighting areas most at risk of subsidence, increased runoff, and flooding. Future studies may also look to utilize repeat LIDAR data to monitor climate change issues in the arctic.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 066
*Salmonella enterica* serovar Typhimurium: Characterization of Potential Virulence Genes and their Impact on Virulence, Motility, Invasion, and Survival
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Stephanie Grahn
Mentor: Aaron Baxter
*Salmonella* pathogenesis involves the environmentally controlled expression of genes located in pathogenicity islands. *Salmonella* Pathogenicity Island 1 (SPI-1) is responsible for the initial invasion of host intestinal epithelium, whereas SPI-2 allows for macrophage survival after invasion. The purpose of this research is to characterize genes located in a potential pathogenicity island. Experiments are being conducted to ascribe functions to the genes found in this region, and to identify their impact on *Salmonella* virulence. Currently, we have created a series of polar mutations in potential operons in this region and are investigating their impact on key virulence indicators. Our studies have analyzed some of these mutations' effects on motility, invasion, and the key SPI-1 activator *hilA*. In the future, we intend to further our studies by determining their impacts on other virulence regulators, adherence, macrophage survival, biofilm formation, and fimbrial directed motility.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 067
Sustainable Alternatives to Petroleum: Chemicals from Wood
Participants attending 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Beckett Vigh
Mentor: Dalila Kovacs
Lignin is a naturally occurring polymer that makes up approximately 30% of cell walls in plants. It is rich with aromatic structures, which make it a valuable resource for chemical manufacturing, and a more sustainable alternative to petroleum. Currently, lignin is treated as a waste product in the paper industry, and it is mostly burned for fuel. The challenge faced by chemists lies in the process of depolymerization; it is difficult to break apart the large polymer into usable molecules in a way that leaves the aromatic rings intact, is selective for the desired products, and is both environmentally and economically sustainable. A variety of methods of depolymerization that are currently being studied will be presented here. More work needs to be done to optimize processes like this, but selective catalytic depolymerization has the potential to allow lignin to become a sustainable alternative to
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 068
Can Information Technology Improve Grantmaking?
Participants attending 10:00 AM - 11:00 AM
Presenter: Christina Vann
Mentors: Huafang Li, Kin Ma
"Can Information Technology Improve Grantmaking?" tests the effects of an hour-long Geographic Information Systems (GIS) workshop on a set of students' learning outcomes, including awareness of community needs, grantmaking familiarity, intention to use GIS in future grantmaking, and mental health. GIS combines the power of mapping and data to contextualize geography and display community stories in a visual way. The participants are from Youth Advisory Councils (YAC), committees of students across Michigan who fund youth-oriented programs in their communities. We are surveying students before and after the GIS workshop to see whether students report higher scores in a set of outcome survey questions. In addition, we are surveying students who do not participate in a workshop to establish a baseline result. This presentation will explore the implementation of GIS on YACs and consider whether this form of information technology can be used in a student grantmaking setting.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 069
Using GIS to Analyze Changes in Depth and Morphology of the Intracoastal Waterway
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Gretchen Anderson, Lillian Minnebo
Mentor: Peter Wampler
The Intracoastal Waterway is approximately 3,000 miles long and runs from Boston, Massachusetts to the coast of Florida. The waterway, first proposed in 1802, was used for transportation to avoid ocean travel and construction was completed in the 1940s. We use ArcMap GIS and 3D analyst, volumetric analysis, georeferencing of historic maps to quantify erosion, deposition, and bankline changes. Modern bathymetric data and historic depth soundings are used to evaluate and quantify elevation changes. LIDAR elevation data adjacent to the waterway is used to quantify erosion and morphological changes along the channel. Three study areas were selected near Charleston, South Carolina. These localities represent urban, rural, and areas near the ocean to evaluate how land-use settings impact the waterway. Metrics of erosion and channel change are used to compare the study areas and evaluate the influence of land-use on waterway changes.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 070
Women's Mental Health and the Connection to Hysteria in 1800s to 1920s
Participants attending 12:00 PM - 1:00 PM
Presenters: Erin Duff, Emma Jenkins, Hannah Schafer
Mentor: Nora Salas
This presentation will show how many women in the 1800s to the 1920s were misdiagnosed with hysteria. Many of those misdiagnosed had hysterectomies performed as a treatment option, taking away their right to bear children. The presentation hopes to bring to light how women's mental health has been delegitimized for most of history.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 071
Using GIS to Inventory, Quantify, and Predict Impacts from Constructed Lakes in Ottawa County Michigan
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenters: Noah Carrick, Corbin Ebeling, Lauren Phelps
Mentor: Peter Wampler
A new data layer of constructed inland lakes in Ottawa County was created using ArcMap GIS and aerial imagery. This geodatabase includes lakes regulated by the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) and unregulated lakes. Unregulated lakes are defined by EGLE as any lake that is under five acres in an area not connected to any of the Great Lakes. ArcMap GIS was used to map lake features on a 2018 aerial photo. Lakes larger than 0.1 acres in Ottawa County were mapped and compiled. Eighteen students from GEO425 digitized lakes within Ottawa County which we quality checked and compiled for our study. We then used this data to calculate and quantify evapotranspiration, potential groundwater contamination, and impacts from lake management practices for both regulated and unregulated lakes. The new data layer was used to estimate lake density and aerial extent to estimate potential impacts on water quality and quantity.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 072
Stressful Job? Studying the Link Between Trait Affect and Job Stress
Participants attending 3:00 PM - 4:00 PM
Presenters: Rylee Cregg, MacKenzie Payton
Mentor: Benjamin Walsh
Trait affect reflects stable emotional states and research shows evidence of two dimensions: positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). PA is a tendency to experience high energy and pleasure. NA is a tendency to experience negative emotions. Previous research suggests that PA and NA are associated with stress levels at work. A person’s level of trait affect can influence perceptions of stressors, specifically in the workplace. The goal of this study was to replicate prior research on the link between PA, NA, and job stress. Hypotheses were tested using survey data from 213 employees of childcare programs in a Midwestern state. Regression analysis was used to test our hypotheses. Results showed that people with high NA are more likely to perceive their job as stressful, whereas people with high PA are less likely to perceive stress in the workplace. These findings suggest that employers with stressful jobs may benefit by considering trait affect when hiring employees.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 073
Using GIS to Analyze Changes in Stream Terraces Due to Tectonic Activity, Landscape Evolution, and Climate Change in Arkansas’ Ouachita Mountains
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM, 11:00 AM - 12:00 PM, 1:00 PM - 2:00 PM, 2:00 PM - 3:00 PM
Presenter: Emily Siriano
Mentor: Peter Wampler
Stream terraces are former floodplain remnants disconnected from the current stream by vertical erosion and can be the result of tectonic activity, climate change, and/or bedrock composition. ArcMap GIS was used to compile and analyze geology, fault, and elevation data to better understand terrace formation and geographic distribution. Several study areas were randomly selected to characterize landform changes throughout the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas. For each of the study areas data regarding stream terraces, channel gradients, and other landscape
metrics were used to understand vertical stream incision. Landscape metrics from the study areas were compared to determine if the changes in stream terraces are due to tectonic uplift, climate change, bedrock composition, or a combination of these variables.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 074
GIS Evaluation of Land Use Impacts on Water Quality at Wall Lake, MI
Participants attending 9:00 AM - 10:00 AM
Presenter: Elisia Fritz
Mentor: Peter Wampler
Wall Lake is an inland lake of 540 acres (219 hectares) with a 5 mile shoreline in Barry County, Michigan. There are 319 mapped parcels around the lake that have lakefront property, ranging in area from 0.4 acres (0.16 hectares) to 73 acres (29.5 hectares). This study will combine several attributes of these parcels to determine the potential for each parcel to impact water quality of the lake. Aerial photos will be classified using ArcMAP GIS to quantify the extent of different land use types for each parcel. A range of aerial photo dates was selected to coincide with available water chemistry data. Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) elevation data was used to quantify the slope, aspect, and other landscape metrics for each parcel. Water chemistry data, collected as part of the MiCORP program, was used to determine if land use and land and land surface metrics correlate with observed water quality changes.
KIRKHOF CENTER GRR 075
Case Study of a Patient Diagnosed with a Brain Meningioma Requiring Immediate Hospitalization and Urgent Craniotomy
Participants attending 4:00 PM - 5:00 PM
Presenter: Brent Spiteri
Mentor: John Capodilupo
The aim of this project is to show how a comprehensive evaluation of a post-partum patient presenting to an outpatient medical office with complaints of low back pain and weakness involving her left lower extremity led to a serious diagnosis which could have resulted in death if left undiagnosed. Utilization of a thorough history and physical examination formulating a differential diagnosis led to the correct diagnosis of a brain meningioma causing intracranial pressure which required immediate hospitalization and urgent craniotomy to relieve brain pressure avoiding cerebral herniation and possible death. This case study further emphasizes the importance of a thorough understanding of human anatomy and pathophysiology to arrive at the correct diagnosis and exclude other diseases that could theoretically have presented in a similar fashion.
Recorded Presentation Abstracts
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 001
Photography as an Intervention for Substance Use Disorder
Presenters: Erin Calkins, Lauren Grendysa
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation will review the results of a scoping review on the use of photography as a coping intervention for people with substance use disorders. Implications for recreational therapy practice will be included.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 002
Therapeutic Use of Play on Children with Autism
Presenters: Selena Aleman, Kristen Bueche, Nicole Strode
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation examines the outcomes of the therapeutic use of play for children with autism. We will be discussing how recreational therapists can utilize play-based interventions to improve social and cognitive functioning for these children.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 003
Camp for People with Autism
Presenters: Hallie Greiner, McKenna Hewitt
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This literature review focuses on the benefits of the use of summer camp to target treatment goals for people with autism.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 004
The Benefits of Creative Arts in Children Who Are Victims of Domestic Violence
Presenter: Yazmine Schultz
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This literature review examined the use of creative arts, such as music, drawing, writing, and drama in children who are victims of sexual abuse. The study was conducted in an attempt to determine what the benefits are of using art as a coping mechanism following trauma in this form.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 005
The Effects of Social Skills Training on Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Presenters: Maria Goosen, Katrina Kurowski
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation looks at the systematic literature review of intellectual and developmental disabilities and how the effects of social training impact those individuals. Social skills training is used in order to build and maintain healthy
interpersonal relationships. This literature review looks at the effectiveness of social skill training programs and how they influence relationships for individuals with intellectual and developmental disability.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 006
How Do Meditation and Mindfulness Interventions Increase the Quality of Life of Inmates in Detention Centers?
Presenter: Ema Brace
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This literature review looks at how mindfulness training and meditation increases the quality of life of inmates in detention centers. This review will explore the physical, cognitive, emotional and social benefits of mindfulness and meditation interventions on inmates during their incarceration.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 007
Mindfulness Techniques in Public Schools for Children Diagnosed with ADHD.
Presenter: Cortney Caverly
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation will explore the outcomes of a systematic review of literature on mindfulness techniques used in public schools for children diagnosed with ADHD.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 008
Bio-Surveillance of COVID-19 Data using Statistical Process Control
Presenter: Payton Miloser
Mentor: Paul Stephenson
The ability to predict virus outbreaks is important for assessing the spread of the virus and handling the impact of the spread on the population. The COVID-19 pandemic has provided data that can be studied at the county level that contributes to the knowledge and research surrounding the eradication of the virus; at the county level, the ability to track the spatial dependence of COVID-19 spread between counties across the United States can be done using the geospatial autocorrelation statistic, Moran's I. Using Moran's I, this has been able to track the spatial dependence of the COVID-19 cases throughout the pandemic and visualize spikes in Coronavirus case rates to predict outbreaks. This study will present methods for tracking incident type data using Moran's I and Statistical Process Control to predict outbreaks.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 009
Microscale Biogeochemical Dance with Earth-scale Implications: Modern Mat Microbes Synchronize Migration to a Daily Tempo
Presenter: Janelle Cook
Mentor: Bopaiah Biddanda
Colorful modern-day benthic microbial mats that resemble life on early Earth inhabit Lake Huron’s cold, low-oxygen, high-sulfur submerged sinkholes. Mats are dominated by purple-pigmented cyanobacteria capable of oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis, and pigment-free chemosynthetic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. We captured time-lapse images of daily overturn between cyanobacteria and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria – turning the mat surface
nearly entirely purple after dawn and white after dusk. Alternating layers of vertically migrating photosynthetic and chemosynthetic filaments climbed across μm gradients—exhibiting their fastest motility following dawn and dusk. Observations were corroborated with time-lapse imaging and microprofiling of intact mats under simulated day-night conditions. Such daily migrations of mat-dwelling microbes in the benthic biosphere of the Precambrian may have played a critical role in optimizing photosynthesis, chemosynthesis, carbon burial, and oxygenation.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 010
Self-Care and Happiness Among Social Work Students
Presenters: Nicole Drabek, Nichole Wallace, Hailey Westerbeek
Mentor: Joshua Bishop
The importance of social workers’ use of self-care is directly correlated to their competence as care providers for their clients and as professionals. Based on an understanding of the reviewed literature, it was hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between self-care and perceived levels of happiness among college students studying social work, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to obtain the data, one self-administered survey was sent to all 697 social work students enrolled at a midwestern public university. The sampling frame of this study was BSW and MSW students at Grand Valley State University. This study’s findings were consistent with the findings of the reviewed literature that coincided with this study’s hypothesis. Self-care and happiness have a positive correlation which was determined statistically significant.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 012
Women’s Abolitionist Movement
Presenter: Caeley Smith
Mentor: Nora Salas
The abolitionist movement had a major impact in the United States from the 1830s to the 1860s. Its purpose was to end slavery. American women abolitionists greatly influenced and participated in the movement by forming antislavery societies, delivering speeches, and much more. My presentation will present research on important figures and organizations for women abolitionists such as Sojourner Truth, Frances Ellen Harper Watkins, and the Boston Female Anti-slavery Society. The presentation will also look at the religious influence on American abolitionism.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 013
Suicide in Autism
Presenter: Brooke Binkley
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation will discuss findings of a systematic literature review on Suicide in Autism, as well as implications for practice in Recreational Therapy.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 014
The Benefits of the Therapeutic Use of the Arts for People Dealing with Adverse Symptoms of Trauma Disorders
Presenter: Lex Russ
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This literature review is looking at the effects of the therapeutic use of the arts as an intervention for those who have been diagnosed with some sort of trauma disorder. We are looking to see if art interventions would be beneficial in reducing the severity of adverse symptoms caused by these trauma disorders.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 015
Benefits of Bibliotherapy with Older Adults in Residential Care Facilities
Presenter: Erin O’Leary
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation presents the findings of a systematic literature review investigating the benefits of bibliotherapy for older adults in residential care facilities. Social, emotional, and cognitive domains are overviewed. Implications of these findings for Recreational Therapy practitioners working in residential care facilities is discussed.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 016
AAT & Incarceration
Presenters: Claudia Ligas, Ally Lupu, Jenna Prohaska
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation will utilize a systematic literature review to discuss animal assisted therapy with youth and adults who have been or are incarcerated. We will discuss the implications and findings of this intervention along with analyzing the effects of it to those participating in the program.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 018
Women Against Suffrage in the United States
Presenter: Brendan Webster
Mentor: Nora Salas
This recorded presentation will shed light on a topic that is not discussed all that often: women who were against gaining the right to vote. The road to gaining suffrage is studied and discussed in many history classes and rightfully so. When this topic is being taught, from my experience, we learn of the Seneca Falls convention and how many brave women stood up for their rights over the following decades culminating in the 19th amendment being ratified in 1920. Many people may be under the impression that most (if not all) women were fighting for their suffrage but it wasn’t until this semester that I learned more about how many women were opposed to suffrage and thought it would lower women’s status in society. This presentation will explore some of these women and their efforts to fight the suffrage movement from the end of the 19th century up until the passage of the 19th amendment in 1920.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 019
Protest Music of the 2010s
Presenter: Tumaini Sango
Mentor: Helen Marlais
Throughout U.S. history, music has served as a soundtrack to transformative social and cultural movements. Songs like “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot,” “Lift every Voice and Sing,” and “We Shall Overcome” are linked to key events that inspired hope and change. Collectively, these songs are known as protest music. Protest music can act as a type of social commentary, expressing a wide range of emotions, and have a uniting element, calling leaders and groups
to action for tangible results. At its core, protest music is a musician’s creative response to events happening in the world around them. The 2010s saw the rise of several social movements that initiated national conversations about perpetuated inequalities and injustice. This project will examine the music associated with these movements, the artist(s) who wrote the music, and the reception this music received. The goal of this project is to achieve a greater understanding of how American protest music has evolved in the 21st century.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 020
South Africa and COVID-19: Institutional Quandaries and the Pandemic Response
Presenter: Christopher Marco
Mentor: Heather Tafel
This research project examines the South African COVID-19 response. Under direction from Pres. Cyril Ramaphosa and the African National Congress (ANC), South Africa (SA) engaged in strict lockdowns, forcible relocation of citizens, attempted unemployment aid, and established the National Coronavirus Command Council (NCCC). This paper considers scholarly analyses of the regime (an electoral democracy) and its role in the response. Research addresses the issue of corruption and factional conflict within the ANC, human rights concerns, and history of Apartheid, and applies it to the COVID-19 response. The current measures are compared to that of HIV/AIDS, as is the Ramaphosa-led ANC and Mbeki’s ANC during the crisis. Finally, human rights implications are highlighted before revisiting the nation over a year later into the pandemic response and vaccine rollout.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 021
Relationships and Schizophrenia
Presenter: Amanda Woods
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
A scoping literature review to discuss the impact of recreational therapy interventions on negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Specifically, how interventions of recreational therapy can be utilized to overcome social withdrawal to build relationships.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 023
New Music Community Initiative
Presenter: Stephanie Bueche
Mentor: William Ryan
An installment of the New Music Community Initiative, this project involves the commission of a new composition by living composer Becky Turro and its premiere performance by Grand Valley State University undergraduate student Stephanie Bueche. This project seeks to support the existence and live performance of new music. The commissioning of new works is crucial to the advancement of classical music, and it is even more important that historically and contemporarily marginalized communities are at the forefront of this progress. The new work for unaccompanied soprano clarinet solo, entitled Layers of Loss, was a collaborative project between composer and performer inspired by the concept of grief. Layers of Loss was premiered by Stephanie Bueche on April 3rd, 2022 at GVSU's Sherman Van Solkema Hall. This project was made possible through funding from the GVSU Office of Undergraduate Research Project Supplies Grant.
Efficacy of Documentary Intervention in Changing Attitudes of University Students, Staff, and Faculty Toward Stuttering
Presenters: Autumn Cannon, Allison Shattuck
Mentor: Cara Singer
Different educational tools, including documentaries, have been studied in an attempt to improve public attitudes toward stuttering with inconclusive results. This study explored whether *When I Stutter* is an effective documentary to improve attitudes compared to a non-stuttering documentary. Participants were GVSU staff/faculty members and students who completed the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes-Stuttering twice. Once before watching their assigned documentary, and once after watching their assigned documentary. Half of participants watched *When I Stutter* and half of participants watched 2e:Twice Exceptional. Results indicate that *When I Stutter* may be an effective tool in improving attitudes toward stuttering. However, further research and continued collection of data are required in order to draw more definitive conclusions.
Prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Pregnant Women Living in the United States and Associated Adverse Birth Outcomes, 2016-2019
Presenter: Shealyn Mandle
Mentor: Sarah Nechuta
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are a global burden that are known to cause various adverse health outcomes, and can be especially harmful to pregnant women and their infants. Infection during pregnancy has been associated with issues like miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, preterm birth, etc. The purpose of this study is three-fold and focused in the area of maternal and child health in association with STIs. First, this study evaluates the association between preventable STIs and adverse infant birth outcomes. Additionally, the association of pregnancy intention and prevalence of STIs, and the association between receiving information and proper prenatal care and the prevalence of STI prevalence were analyzed. Secondary, de-identified data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System’s (PRAMS) survey was used for this study. To my knowledge, there are only a handful of studies exploring STIs among pregnant women in the U.S. My hope is to add to the current knowledge and literature.
Reading Into Sleepovers?: A Historical Queer Analysis of the Sleepover Environment Through Parenting Magazines
Presenter: Tate Johanek
Mentor: Krista Benson
The sleepover environment is an adolescent space that isolates itself from direct societal pressures yet is influenced by external factors that maintain expectations of heteronormativity. Parents are a primary influence in shaping their child's self-perception of identity and necessary skills for socialization, modeling ideal performances of gender and sexual identity and guiding their child's development in compliance with social expectations. Such influences damage the capacity for queer children to embrace their sexuality, causing feelings of isolation or identity repression through forced compliance with heterosexual norms. To assess the impact of heteronormative language and social pressures by parents regarding sleepovers, I analyzed articles from parenting magazines between 1950
and 2020. I will map the transition towards modernized expectations of identity and analyze patterns to understand how queer identities have maneuvered themselves to navigate sleepovers across time.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 029
Cooking Up Trouble
Presenter: Brennan Carroll
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This scoping literature review is to highlight the need for an established protocol for using cooking, gardening, and nutrition education as treatment for people with mental illness as it relates to Recreational Therapy.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 030
The Effects of Big Pharma on the Use of Medicinal Plants
Presenters: Mackenzie Johnson, Abigail Main, Zoe Schultz
Mentor: Karen Amisi
This presentation examines the negative relationship between Big Pharma medications and medicinal plant use to raise awareness for the option of medicinal plants within a community that traditionally leans toward Westernized medicine. The factors analyzed in this report include the extent of research conducted on the development of each medicine type, the safety and efficacy when using them, the quality of the active compounds including regulation standards, the possibility of curing specific diseases more effectively using plants, and how we may integrate both modern and traditional medicine. Data used for support has been collected from textbooks, reputable articles, and peer-reviewed published reports. This presentation challenges the typical way of medicating within our country. However, with a higher emphasis and more research dedicated to medicinal plant use, there could be a medical breakthrough in new treatments.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 031
The Assimilation of Asian American Identities
Presenter: Dana Toren
Mentor: Leifa Mayers
Racism and the dismissal of racial identities is prominent in much of society. The influence that the media has on how people view one another is large and can be representative of the image Asian Americans receive. It is common in the media for characters to be racialized based on how society expects them to behave, which is not an accurate depiction of the unique experiences and racial identities that take place. This problem has been exemplified by the assimilation of Asian Americans in the television show *Fresh Off the Boat*, by Eddie Huang. My research project will take on an intersectional approach to analyze the textual and visual information that displays the absorption of the Asian American identity. I predict that there will be a dismissal of the Asian identity, while the American identities these characters have will be more positively represented. This research has implications for understanding how the media depicts the assimilation of Asian American identities.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 032
Estimates of Local Stress Conditions and Variations in the Chunky Gal Mountain Fault, Western North Carolina Using Recrystallized Quartz Grain Size and Paleopiezometry
Presenter: Lydia Tuttle
Measurements of recrystallized grain size in fault rocks are directly correlated to differential stress during deformation and tectonic regimes. A common tool used to estimate these deformation stresses is piezometry. Located in the Blue Ridge Province in Southwestern North Carolina, the Chunky Gal Mountain Fault (CGMF) separates two tectonic terranes. This fault zone displays evidence of variable deformation intensity in the form of mylonites and protomylonites, I focus on samples from several CGMF shear zones in which quartz-rich domains in thin section were scanned using the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method. I use this EBSD data and MATLAB code to determine recrystallized grain size and then evaluate differential stress conditions and variations (paleopiezometry) in the shear zones. Average stress values range from 36.8 MPa to 85.6 MPa across shear zones, with narrow variations within shear zones.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 033
**Retrotransposon deletion in *Physcomitrium patens* using Gateway Cloning**
Presenter: Elizabeth Cazallis
Mentor: Margaret Dietrich
Polar growth is ubiquitous across kingdoms; tip growth is a subset of polar growth in which a filament tip cell elongates. In plants, a similar process is responsible for root hair and pollen tube growth via polarized exocytosis of vesicles. *P. patens* is being used as a model to study tip growth due to its critical role in moss filament development. In a previous study, random insertional mutagenesis produced an insertion/deletion in the middle of a retrotransposon (RT) island yielding a variety of phenotypes in the filamentous stage due to abnormal tip growth. Here, we investigate how deletion of this entire RT island in the wild type will affect the phenotype compared to that of the original mutant. Three-fragment recombination Gateway Cloning, which is based on lambda phage recombination, is being used to create the deletion allele to elucidate the role of RTs in *P. patens* tip growth.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 034
**Law Enforcement Mental Health Training, Procedures, and Perceptions in a Campus Context**
Presenter: Collin Petz
Mentor: Kristy Dean
Much research has been done in the past on mental health training and procedures in city and rural law enforcement agencies, but (to date) little research exists on higher education campus law enforcement training and procedures related to mental health (Schriver, 2021). In the current study, we will explore mental health training, philosophies, procedures, and perceptions among campus law enforcement officials. This study aims to provide a rich, qualitative understanding of an understudied law enforcement population in regard to mental health-related areas. In exploring these themes, we will conduct semistructured interviews with the Chief of Police, training experts, and officers at a Midwestern university which will be recorded, transcribed, and analyzed with MAXQDA for thematic descriptions of training procedures, dealing with mental health situations, and general perception towards dealing with mental health concerns.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 035
**Combined Pathway Analysis of a Mutant Strain of *P. patens* to Understand Tip Growth**
Presenter: Collin Kozar
Polar growth, in which cells elongate in one direction, is important across all kingdoms. Tip growth, a type of polar growth, is important in the seed plant life cycle due to a role in pollen tube and root hair development. In *Physcomitrium patens*, a moss, tip growth is critical in the filamentous stage, making it an ideal model for the study of tip growth. We are studying a random insertional mutant displaying abnormal growth patterns due to tip cell defects involving growth and differentiation. A transcriptome project was initiated to understand what processes were altered in the mutant which might underlie the observed phenotype. We are using the Combined Pathway Analysis in Omicsbox, in which the KEGG and Reactome pathway/function databases, differential gene expression, and gene set enrichment data are inputs. To date, several pathways involving select ribosomal proteins have been shown to be underrepresented in the mutant as are several photosynthetic and stress functions.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 036
**Influences of Family Leisure as a Coping Mechanism for Parents of Children with Disabilities**
Presenter: Lauren McCumber
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation is about the importance of family leisure in reference to families of children with disabilities and strengthening the family unit as a whole. Family leisure is often overlooked as an intervention to increase the quality of family life due to differing needs and skills by all members who participate.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 037
**More Than a Pet: The Value of Pets During the Covid-19 Pandemic**
Presenter: Judith Essemiah
Mentor: Babasola Fateye
This study wants to highlight the changes between the coping mechanisms used by students during and after the pandemic by using their photos. Participants: Students at a large 4-year college in Midwestern USA. Methods: We used a word cloud analysis to find which words were often used to describe the pictures that were submitted in the survey. Currently we are analyzing the images based on demographic information and phenomenological interpretation of participants' text. Results: Preliminary findings suggest that there was an increase in coping mechanisms especially concerning pets in spring 2021 compared with the year before.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 038
**The Unobtainable Standard: Social Media Impacts on Body Image in College Aged Women**
Presenter: Sydney Ford
Mentor: Babasola Fateye
Body image issues are rampant across the world, especially in college-aged women. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of body portrayal on social media for college aged women's self-satisfaction of body image. Participants viewed 12 pictures (4 'thin' models, 4 'overweight' models, and 4 'average' models) for 15 seconds a piece, then asked to rate their own body satisfaction using The Body Image State Scale. In our preliminary survey, college aged women's body image became worse after viewing a 'thin' model and became better after viewing a
‘plus size’ model. Our findings suggest that using predominantly thin models throughout history in social media has a negative impact on college aged women.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 039
Seeing the Forest for the A’s, T’s, C’s, and G’s: Investigating Tree Architecture at Multiple Levels of Biological Organization.
Presenter: Noah Holkeboer
Mentor: Gary Greer
Over the past three years, I have worked with my research mentor on a nesting set of studies regarding native trees at forest, individual, tissue, and molecular levels. This research has centered around the branch architecture of trees and how it reflects species-specific optimizations for water transport and structural support. In short, I have mapped a forest stand in GVSU's ravines, measured branch architecture of numerous species, and collated existing tissue data. More recently, I have begun a project examining the role of two genes on species-specific differences in branch angle. In this talk, I will outline how these studies inform one another, highlighting key discoveries and remaining mysteries, and reflect on my undergraduate research journey to date.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 046
Truth in History
Presenter: Daisy Soos
Mentor: Leigh Rupinski
As a discipline, History is often questioned for its ability to objectively and accurately report historical information. This project discusses what steps historians take to study history objectively. Mainly, by acknowledging the bias involved in primary sources and comparing and contrasting information, historians are able to make rational inferences about what actually happened. Historians themselves also acknowledge their influence on how information is reported. By adhering to strict academic standards, historians, like any type of scholar, are able to reach objectivity. What truth means in history and how objectivity should manifest is also investigated. Generally, objectivity concerns obtaining more or less factual information from sources and making well-informed, accurate interpretations based on primary and secondary evidence. However, objectivity does not equal neutrality as making judgements and arguments about the past are what compel us to reflect on the present.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 269
Perceived Barriers that RT Students Have to Working with People with Limited English Proficiency
Presenter: Vincenza Alfano
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
Drawing upon previous research regarding cultural competence in recreational therapy, this paper will illuminate the need and importance for the profession to prioritize cross-cultural competence. By surveying students to identify perceived barriers of working with people with Limited English Proficiency, recommendations for further research and professional growth will be suggested.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 551
Loneliness During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Associations With Older Adults’ Health and
Well-being
Presenter: Rebecca Clark
Mentor: Anna Hammersmith
The detrimental effects of loneliness and social isolation on older adults’ health and well being are well documented. During the COVID-19 pandemic, public health and media messages have focused on the vulnerabilities of older populations to coronavirus-related morbidity and mortality. Advocates, however, have voiced concern over manifestations of ageism in containment efforts and resource allocation, compelling reassessment of unmet needs as a direct result of the pandemic. The presented study constitutes results from a listening survey into the practical and social needs of older adults in West Michigan, with particular focus on COVID-19-related loneliness and its impacts. The current study attempts to capture the views of a broad sample of older adults via mixed methods, including those who lack Internet access or are homebound. Study aims include identification of opportunities to alleviate loneliness and increase community involvement for older adults.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 552
Infection Isolation Precautions and Blood Culture Contamination Prevalence in a Hospital Acute Care Setting
Presenter: Luke Dalton
Mentor: Sarah Nechuta
Blood cultures are a significant part of patient acute care. For practitioners, blood culture contamination (BCC) poses a significant threat to the effective care of patients in the hospital setting. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, many hospitals experienced surges in BCC prevalence, which may be in part due to an increase in infection prevention isolation precaution procedures seen in inpatient units. In this aggregate analysis of blood culture contamination prevalence (%) and isolation precaution burden (%) measures by month at a multi-hospital health system in Southwest Michigan, we looked to see if there was a correlation between the two measures. Through multiple statistical methods, we determined that there was no relationship between BCC and isolation precautions, which may suggest the presence of a different reason why there was an observed increase in BCC prevalence (e.g., such as employee turnover).
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 553
Practicing Resilience Conference
Presenter: Stacie Fifelski
Mentors: Gwenden Dueker, Jamie Langlois
An estimated 62% of adults have experienced one adverse childhood experience (ACE) during childhood and nearly one-quarter reported experiencing three or more ACEs (CDC, 2019). These traumatic experiences during childhood physically change the structure of the brain and have long-lasting impacts. Practicing resilience can decrease the negative effects of trauma. Through a full-day conference, we aim to provide a trauma-informed framework and tools to promote resilience in our community. From research and collaboration with Family Futures, students and faculty of Grand Valley State University have determined the need for this training within our helping professions. To mitigate the impacts of trauma, we must understand the significance of personal experiences and support resilience practice. This conference will be the catalyst for future community programming surrounding the prevention and mitigation of trauma effects. Together, we can create a more resilient community.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 554
Support and Educational Groups for Caretakers of those with Eating Disorders
Presenter: Rheanna Graver
Mentor: Jamie Langlois
Thirty million Americans live with an eating disorder. Individuals who struggle with an eating disorder often comment that caregivers do not understand their illness or know how to assist through recovery. Caregivers often state that caring for an individual struggling with an eating disorder can be mentally and emotionally draining. Partnering with Forest View Hospital, we have created Support and Educational Groups for Caretakers of those with Eating Disorders. We aim to provide space for caregivers to learn from professionals how to best support their loved ones through recovery. This group will cover topics including how eating disorders work and how to be supportive and allow space for questions and processing. This free group offered to the community is expected to provide relief for supports and assist in the recovery of those battling their eating disorder. Our programming aims to serve 50% of families combating an eating disorder in the Grand Rapids area.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 555
Care Management Resources Redo: Discharge Database
Presenter: Brooke Jacobs
Mentor: Jamie Langlois
The last 3 years have been unlike any others. With a worldwide pandemic causing global chaos, the demands for quality care and hospital space have only grown, and healthcare workers continue to feel the pressure. With this project, Care Management Resources Redo: Discharge Database, I am partnering with Spectrum Health to create a more user-friendly location for current discharge resources and posthospital support for those with varying backgrounds and payer sources. Through research and collaboration, I am encouraging the care management team to examine outdated information and join me in changing the narrative. The new Discharge Database will allow care managers company-wide access to current information and community organizations to pair with patients of all backgrounds and payers in an effort to minimize rehospitalizations and promote quality care for all.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 556
Substance Abuse Licensure Application
Presenter: Robyn Lehner
Mentor: Jamie Langlois
Roughly 9.5 million adults over 18 use explicit drugs in the United States. Before COVID in 2019, approximately 615,000 individuals 12 and older needed substance abuse treatment in Michigan. Throughout the pandemic, the need for substance abuse treatment has risen, and this need has not escaped the West Michigan Community. Mercy Health is interested in expanding its substance abuse services to the community of Grand Rapids by applying for substance abuse licensure through the State of Michigan. My partner, Mercy Health, advises that the acquisition of state licensure would help decrease the number of individuals in need of services, increase the organization's ability to provide services to the community, and expand the organization's services.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 557
Impact of Unpaid Internships on Recreational Therapy Students
Presenters: Emilie Seibert, Madeline Taylor, Andrea Valdes Flores
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of unpaid vs. paid internships on Grand Valley State University Recreational Therapy students and alumni and utilizes existing literature on the benefits and drawbacks of internships. Internships, regardless of being paid or unpaid, are becoming a common ground for stepping onto the next career path among college students (Rothschild, 2020). Both unpaid and paid internships can benefit or hurt the student in various ways. The existing literature conflicts on which type of internship is more beneficial. However, there is currently no research on the impact of internships on Recreational Therapy in particular. This study intends to expand this research into the Therapeutic Recreation field.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 558
**The Benefits of Therapeutic Use of Dance Movement on Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease**
Presenter: Emily Wilson
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
The aim of this presentation is to explore the potential of dance interventions to improve the overall well-being of older adults with cognitive impairments. Several studies on the outcomes of therapeutic dance were reviewed. The outcomes of these studies revealed many positive benefits of different types of dance for older adults with cognitive impairments.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 559
**Benefits of Adventure Therapy on Emotional/Social Skills with Youth at Risk**
Presenter: Haylee Ray
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This presentation will look at the benefits of Adventure Therapy and the outcomes for youth at risk specifically. Adventure Therapy is an emerging option for mental health treatment practices that can have benefits on social and emotional aspects of the lives of young adults within their community and family interactions.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 560
**Therapeutic Use of Arts for the Treatment of Those with Eating Disorders**
Presenters: Emma Andrus, Lexie Bays, Jennifer Hunt, Isabelle McConkey
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
We will be assessing the many effects of the therapeutic use of the arts for individuals with eating disorders. Through our research, we hope to find the most effective methods to help treat eating disorders.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 561
**Girl Scout Voices Count (GSVC): 2020-2021 Girl and Parent Surveys**
Presenters: Jonathan Korte, Sophie Mikonczyk, Sullivan Russ
Mentor: Sango Otieno
This project pertains to the Girl Scouts of Michigan Shore to Shore (GSMISTS). The goals of the project are to identify what areas of work within Girls Scouts are successful as well as identifying where the organization needs to improve. It is of importance to GSMISTS to know how to both better improve their internal efficiency and advertise
their success to others. This project includes analysis of data collected through surveys conducted by GSMISTS during 2020 and 2021. Each year girls and parents are invited to participate in a different survey. All reported findings are based on the responses to the four surveys. Of particular interest to GSMISTS were Kent, Ottawa, Muskegon and Oceana counties on which there will be a focus in research and analyses. This project is part of the STA 419 course designed to provide experience in statistical consulting, manipulating data, applying the appropriate statistical technique for a given situation and communicating the findings in clear terms.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 562
Medical Laboratory Sciences Student Performance and Satisfaction for Traditional Courses Versus Online/Hybrid Courses
Presenters: Adrian Deychakiwsky, Andrew Hodge, Nathan Roesler
Mentors: Lilianne Nelson, Sango Otieno
Student performance data measured by exams, lab practicals and quizzes is analyzed, as well as student satisfaction measured using a questionnaire for MLS 370. Using SAS/R, two course delivery methods (traditional vs online/hybrid) are compared. This analysis will help instructors determine how to improve the delivery of course material, as well as provide suggestions on how to increase their student’s fulfillment and success relative based on the method of delivery. This analysis is part of STA 419, a course designed to give students experience with methods of consulting and increase their fluency in working through data and relaying their findings.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 563
Health and Medicine as Social Sciences
Presenter: Grace McMahon
Mentor: Anna White
This project was cultivated as a part of the GVSU Library Summer Scholars Program to create an interactive resource for students interested in medicine that evaluated the impact of relationships, training & education, lived experiences, and community on patient wellness. The final form is the LibGuide, Health & Medicine as Social Sciences. The majority of this project was conducted through analysis of journal articles and peer reviewed papers which were then translated to the LibGuide format through text, links, and summaries. It further grew to include videos, graphics, and book suggestions to incorporate broad inclusion for various learning formats. The result of this project is a complete LibGuide serving as a live resource to students that includes a home page and highlights the following topics: Patient Care, Interactions in Medicine, Creating Healthy Communities, Minorities and Medicine, and information for Patients and Providers.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 564
Post-Removal from the Great Lakes Area of Concern List: A Study of White Lake
Presenter: Rylie Dorman
Mentor: Amanda Buday
In 2014, White Lake was removed as a Great Lakes Area of Concern (AOC) as defined by the Environmental Protection Agency's U.S.-Canada Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. Since being delisted, little research has been done on how the AOC process influences residents' relationship with a historically polluted lake. This study acquired data on White Lake via a survey sent to a random sample of 1200 residents within the White Lake/White River Watershed and sought to gauge how different belief systems influence people's relationship with their
environment. This analysis focuses on two different belief systems, environmental values and place attachment. Results of this study suggest that assessments of restored waterways may be driven by ideology.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 565
Women Spies During the Civil War
Presenter: Abigael Noffert
Mentor: Nora Salas
During the Civil War, the lives of women drastically changed just as much as they did for men. While men had to go fight the war, women had to not only take care of their households and families, but in some cases get a wage-earning job. Some women, however, did not have to take on those kinds of responsibilities and helped the war effort in a different manner. Many women fought the war as spies. Women spies were able to convey messages to generals like troop movements and numbers. The poster will highlight 3 influential women: Rose O'Neal Greenhow, Belle Boyd, and Harriet Tubman.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 566
Female Spies During the Civil War
Presenter: Audrey Medaugh
Mentor: Nora Salas
My presentation will be focused on female spies during the Civil War and their impact as women in history. I plan on first giving a generic insight into the different roles female spies would play as well as who the majority of these spies fought for. It will consist of then more specific events and occurrences in United States history that these women were a part of. Specifically, I will give brief introductions of who these women were and how their historical legacy is still relevant to our country today. By using images along with textual analysis of primary and scholarly sources. My presentation will explain the significance of female spies in the Civil War.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 567
Girl Scout Voices Count (GSVC) Through Troop Leader and Volunteer 2020-2021 Surveys
Presenters: Robert Bilyk, Nathan Jenks, Alexa Kraklau
Mentor: Sango Otieno
The purpose of this project is to provide an analysis of survey data for the Girl Scouts of Michigan Shore to Shore (GSMISTS). The goal overall is to find improvements for the organization using key performance indicators as well as assess the impact of COVID-19. The survey data was collected from two separate surveys distributed to troop leaders and volunteers during 2020 and 2021. Of particular interest to the client were Kent, Ottawa, and Muskegon counties, to focus research and analyses with the goal of creating understandable figures that the organization could use to both better improve their internal efficiency and advertise their success to others. This project is part of STA 419 course designed to provide an opportunity to gain experience in statistical consulting, manipulating data via a computer, applying the appropriate statistical technique for a given situation, correctly interpreting the results, and communicating the findings in clear, non-mathematical terms.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 568
Michigan Department of Natural Resources 2020 and 2021 Visitor Survey Date Summary
and Analysis
Presenters: Kaj Hjelm, Jasmine Lassin, Clara Voetberg
Mentors: Patty Janes, Sango Otieno
The data were collected by an online survey sent out to all visitors of the campgrounds under Michigan's Department of Natural Resources. In 2020, the survey was sent to 255,062 visitors, and 16,319 responded, while in 2021, the survey was sent to 341,388 visitors and 49,527 responded. Using the data we examined the voices of the visitors to identify areas that DNR needs to pay closer attention to and to amend current policy. This project is part of the STA419 course which is designed to provide students with an opportunity to gain experience in statistical consulting, manipulating data via a computer, applying the appropriate statistical technique for a given situation, correctly interpreting the results, and communicating the findings in clear, non-mathematical terms.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 570
Education Course Feedback from Fall 2017 to Fall 2021
Presenters: Jacob Garland, Micah McFarlane, Delaney Rutgers
Mentors: Sango Otieno, Suzanne Richards
Laker Impressions of Faculty Teaching (LIFT) evaluations are emailed to Grand Valley State students towards the end of their course. These evaluations are composed of student ratings of the course as well as open ended responses from fall 2017 until fall 2021. Using SAS, we analyze the response rates and scores over time by course type, and also examine the open response answers for trends in the instructor’s performance over time. The findings will help inform the course instructor of potential areas that need improvement as well as inform on the impact of COVID-19. This project is part of STA419 course designed to provide students with an opportunity to gain experience in statistical consulting, manipulating data via a computer, applying the appropriate statistical technique for a given situation, correctly interpreting the results, and communicating the findings in clear, non-mathematical terms.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 571
Intervention Approach for a Concomitant Stuttering and Articulation Disorder
Presenter: Elianne Martin
Mentor: Cara Singer
Speech language pathologists have reported a need for additional research regarding intervention for children who stutter (Unicomb, 2013). Some children who stutter also exhibit a concomitant speech sound disorder, which further impacts the child’s communication and often results in further uncertainties about the most beneficial treatment approach. Motivated by a preschool-aged child with concomitant articulation (i.e., lisp) and a stuttering disorder, a literature review was conducted to evaluate the present literature regarding treatment for children with concomitant lisps and stuttering disorders. Results are expected to yield treatment recommendations for working with this population.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 572
The Effect of Caffeine and Exercise on Cognitive Performance
Presenter: Carissa Mitchell
Mentor: Matthew Feeback
The majority of college-aged students are sleep deprived, and to combat sleepiness, 72% consume caffeine.
Previous studies show that habitual caffeine use is associated with numerous negative side effects. If exercise has comparable arousing effects as caffeine, and improves cognitive performance, exercise may be used in place of caffeine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of caffeine and exercise on cognitive performance. In this study, nine participants went through two days of testing. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups - control, caffeine, and exercise. Trail Making Tests were administered to evaluate cognitive function before and after intervention. Results indicated that individuals who exercised had a 17% improvement in cognitive performance compared to the caffeine group. Exercise serves as a healthy alternative to caffeine, and should be used in place of caffeine to enhance cognition.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 574
The Burden of Human Papilloma Virus-Related Cancers Among Native Americans and Alaska Natives
Presenter: Nora Walker
Mentor: Sarah Nechuta
HPV is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Untreated HPV is the cause of cervical cancer and several types of oropharyngeal cancer. Currently, the American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) community is shown to have higher rates of cancer compared to the non-Hispanic white population. With little research being conducted among AI/ANs, we investigated trends among HPV-related cancer incidence and mortality, vaccination, and screening rates for the AI/AN community in Michigan (MI). We also examined HPV-related cancer incidence among the U.S. population in comparison to MI. Secondary data from multiple sources were used and SAS and SEER*Stat were utilized to analyze the trends and generate descriptive statistics. A decrease in cervical MI cancer mortality rates was found from 1990-2018, however no change was found in cervical cancer incidence rates. Further research is needed to measure the association between HPV-related cancer rates among the AI/AN community.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 575
What are the Eating Habits of GVSU Students Like?
Presenters: Virginia Berger, Abby Ditmar, Caeley Smith
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
This is a group research project in which a survey was sent out to Grand Valley State University students asking them about their eating habits. The responses from the survey were then collected and analyzed. Then the data insights including patterns and trends were put into a cohesive presentation.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 576
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome Surveillance Definitions in Indiana from 2017 to 2020: A Statewide Hospital Discharge Data Analysis
Presenter: Danielle Siwula
Mentor: Sarah Nechuta
Introduction: Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is a condition where a fetus is exposed to drugs in utero and undergoes withdrawal symptoms after birth. This project discusses NAS trends in Indiana by using ICD-10-CM codes and examine surveillance definitions of NAS.
Methods: This study utilized hospital discharge data from the state of Indiana from 2017 to 2020. Eligible infants were admitted to an Indiana hospital within 30 days of birth and had no missing data (n=236,139). A logistic regression analysis was performed.
Results: From 2017 to 2020, there were 2,307 infants with NAS born in Indiana. Infants diagnosed with NAS were mostly non-Hispanic white (92.20%) and used Medicaid as their primary payment source (78.33%).
Conclusion: If NAS is not diagnosed correctly, public health professionals cannot gauge the burden of NAS or provide adequate resources for mothers and infants. Considering existing health disparities will be important for future surveillance efforts.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 577
Prostitution in the American West, 1840-1900
Presenter: Loraellen Hilborn
Mentor: Nora Salas
Women who braved the American "Wild West" faced extraordinary difficulties in the pursuit of economic and societal betterment, and due to this, many turned to prostitution. As prostitutes, these women lived as outcasts in society, and as with many outcast groups, did not leave behind much in the way of credible sources. Through careful dissection of what sources are available, the origins and motivations of female prostitutes on the frontier became known, but there is still question as to the standard of living these women experienced, societal reactions to their presence, and the degree to which their profession helped to build the American West. Building on previous research, this project will attempt to answer the question, "What role did prostitution play in shaping the American West?"
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 578
Title IX and Women's Sports
Presenter: Grace Buckley
Mentor: Nora Salas
Title IX is a policy that prohibits sex-based discrimination and outlines the acceptable treatment for any education program that receives federal funding. This project will summarize Title IX's policy and specifically focus on collegiate and professional women's sports adherence to the policy. Adequate compliance will be assessed through women's participation in sports, their access to adequate resources, and schools' response to sexual harassment. This project aims to view women's experience in sports both during the mid-twentieth century before Title IX and into the modern age after Title IX was implemented. This project will use court hearings, statistical evidence, media coverage, personal testimonies, and surveys to evaluate the topic.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 579
Issue Box: Building Empathy and Compassion Through Contemporary Art Practice of Pedro Reyes’ Work
Presenters: Saidee Beahan, Lauren Hubbuch
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
Artists have researched different issues to bring knowledge to the viewer of what’s happening in our world. The art project was developed based on social topics and community issues, based on the work “Atlas for Civic
Innovation” by Pedro Reyes. Reyes is an installation and sculpture artist from Mexico City whose works are known for incorporating elements of play and compassion through interaction with the audience. Reyes’ Atlas for Civic Innovation project consists of several portable boxes containing a variety of colorful graphic posters depicting initiatives that have been used around the world to improve living conditions and society as a whole. By incorporating Reyes’ thematic, research-driven processes and artmaking strategies, the issue-box project aims to address social issues and build compassion through artistic practice that invites the audience to learn about the issues portrayed in the box designed to inspire changes in our world.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 580
The Association Between Dental Topographic Metrics and Diet Preferences Of A Mammalian Guild In The Mindanao Community
Presenter: Hyun Jin Lee
Mentor: Laura Stroik
Paleontologists use the diet-dentition relationship of living mammals to study the ecological adaptations of extinct mammals. Dietary reconstruction is possible due to molar form-function relationship, as the molar shape is highly correlated with the mechanical properties of food. This study builds on past studies on diet reconstruction of primates by increasing the range of species on which to test the homology-free nature of dental topographic analysis and its efficacy in determining diet-dentition relationships. In this study, the dental topographic measures of relief index (RFI), Dirichlet normal energy (DNE), and orientation patch count rotated (OPCR) were calculated from the second mandibular molars of the mammalian guild in the Mindanao, Philippines community. Results indicated higher RFI, DNE, and OPCR values in species whose diets include more mechanically demanding foods. In addition, RFI and DNE had the strongest relationship with diet regime, while OPCR had the weakest.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 581
Effects of Warming on Pollination in the High Tundra
Presenter: Nina Gropp
Mentor: Robert Hollister
As the world has warmed, the Arctic has warmed three times faster. Plant responses to climate change have included earlier phenological development and increased reproductive effort which may impact ecological relationships, including pollination. To better understand plant-pollinator interactions, 60 visitor watches were conducted during the summer of 2021 at Utqiagvik, Alaska. Observations were carried out on both control and experimentally warmed plots. During each observation, flowering plant species, insect landings, and insects present were recorded. Pollinator visits were on average greater in the warmed plots and generally occurred more frequently at higher air temperatures. These findings suggest that pollinators and their activity may change as the Arctic continues to warm. Continuing to collect pollinator observations will give a better understanding of how ecological relationships may change as the region warms.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 582
Analyzing Characteristics of Popular Songs
Presenters: Keana Ilagan, Alyssa Koza, Kelsey Tedford
Mentors: Feryal Alayont, Lora Bailey
What defines a popular pop song? Is it the chords in the bridge, the verse, or the chorus? Is it the lyrics? Or the
length of the song? We will analyze the most streamed and downloaded pop songs utilizing Billboard data to identify what characteristics are shared amongst them. In our work, we focus on the data from 2000 to the present to discover current trends. In this presentation, we will report on our results.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 583
The Relationship between Emotion and Transformation: Through Emotion Necklace
Presenters: Hanna Ford, Karly Thomas
Mentor: Hsiao-ping Chen
This presentation is about the artist Janine Antoni and how a K-12 teacher can incorporate her themes of personal, emotional, and physical connections into a Unit lesson Plan. The lesson touches on the Big Idea of emotion and the key concept of transformation through students' construction of "Emotion Necklaces." This is done through intertwining personal objects as well as found objects like bottle caps, key chains, buttons, and more onto the stringed necklace. By using symbols of emotion through color use, pattern, and design it will convey an emotional transformation within the necklace. This artmaking activity is inspired by Janine Antoni's artwork titled, Moor, a 78-meter rope of transformed personal and familial objects that have emotional value to her. When given this Unit lesson, students were able to convey emotions in their own creative ways in the same way Antoni does in her art piece, Moor with the Emotion Necklace.
VIRTUAL SYMPOSIUM 587
AAT and Childhood Behavioral Disorders
Presenter: Shannon Fitzgibbon
Mentor: Dawn De Vries
This will be a comprehensive literature review of the evidence supporting the implementation of Animal Assisted Interventions among children and adolescents with behavioral disorders such as conduct disorder, reactive attachment disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and more.
# Index of Presenters and Mentors
(Sorted by Last Name)
## A
| Name | Role |
|-----------------------|--------|
| Alayont, Feryal | Mentor |
| Aleman, Selena | Student|
| Alfano, Vincenza | Student|
| Alpers, Nina | Student|
| Amisi, Karen | Mentor |
| Anderson, Gretchen | Student|
| Andrus, Emma | Student|
| Ardila, Rene | Mentor |
| Assenmacher, Colin | Student|
## B
| Name | Role |
|-----------------------|--------|
| Bailey, Lora | Mentor |
| Bair, Michael | Student|
| Baker, Gloria | Student|
| Baker, Kassandra | Student|
| Baldwin, Jeffrey | Student|
| Basney, Caleb | Student|
| Basso, Viktoria | Student|
| Baxter, Aaron | Mentor |
| Baxter, Molly | Student|
| Bays, Lexie | Student|
| Beahan, Saidee | Student|
| Bell, Caroline | Student|
| Bellows, Kalob | Student|
| Benedict, Andrew | Student|
| Bengston, Jared | Student|
| Benjamin, Ryan | Student|
| Benson, Krista | Mentor |
| Berger, Virginia | Student|
| Bergman, Daniel | Mentor |
| Berman, Paige | Student|
| Biddanda, Bopaiah | Mentor |
| Bilyk, Robert | Student|
## C
| Name | Role |
|-----------------------|--------|
| Cai, Meghan | Mentor |
| Calkins, Erin | Student|
| Cannon, Autumn | Student|
| Cano, Jefferson | Student|
| Capodilupo, John | Mentor |
| Carrick, Noah | Student|
| Carrier, Erin | Mentor |
| Carroll, Brennan | Student|
| Carter, Joie | Student|
| Caverly, Cortney | Student|
| Cazallis, Elizabeth | Student|
| Charbonneau, Noelle | Student|
| Chen, Hsiao-ping | Mentor |
| Name | Role |
|-----------------------------|--------|
| Chen, Jing | Mentor |
| Cholewa, Marta | Student|
| Christians, Matthew | Mentor |
| Clapp, Veronica | Student|
| Clark, Arthur | Student|
| Clark, Rebecca | Student|
| Clark, Ryley | Student|
| Cleary, Ian | Mentor |
| Coates, Cameron | Student|
| Constantelos, John | Mentor |
| Cook, Janelle | Student|
| Cook, Lia | Student|
| Cook, Paul | Mentor |
| Corey, Angela | Student|
| Cortes, Sonrisa | Student|
| Cota, Megan | Student|
| Cox, Caroline | Student|
| Cregg, Rylee | Student|
| Crossen, Natalie | Student|
| Curtis, Ian | Student|
| Dalton, Luke | Student|
| Daly, Connor | Student|
| Damstra, Kelli | Mentor |
| Dang, Phuc | Student|
| Davis, Rebecca | Mentor |
| Day, Katherine | Student|
| De Vries, Dawn | Mentor |
| DeBoer, Thomas | Student|
| Dean, Kristy | Mentor |
| Decker, Kayla | Student|
| Delano Taylor, Merritt | Mentor |
| Dertien, Zachary | Student|
| Detting, Elise | Student|
| Deychakiwsky, Adrian | Student|
| Diegel, Madelyn | Student|
| Dierking, Amber | Mentor |
| Dietrich, Margaret | Mentor |
| Diller, Abigail | Student|
| Dingens, Chloe | Student|
| Dingus, Rebbekka | Student|
| Ditmar, Abby | Student|
| Dobleske, Natalie | Student|
| Doctor, Sadie | Student|
| Dolan, Robert | Student|
| Dorman, Rylie | Student|
| Dornan, Tess | Student|
| Dowling, Michelle | Mentor |
| Drabek, Nicole | Student|
| Duce, Lillian | Student|
| Dueker, Gwenden | Mentor |
| Duff, Erin | Student|
| Duley, Nicholas | Student|
| Duncan, Ashten | Student|
| Dunivan, Jacob | Student|
| Dyer, Daniel | Student|
| Dzurisin, Callie | Student|
| Ebeling, Corbin | Student|
| Edozie, Michael | Student|
| Eick, David | Mentor |
| El-Kildani, Shareef | Student|
| Elwell, Hanna | Student|
| Erikson, Kaylee | Student|
| Essemiah, Judith | Student|
| Eyth, Davis | Student|
| Farris, John | Mentor |
| Fateye, Babasola | Mentor |
| Feeback, Matthew | Mentor |
| Fennema, Jared | Student|
| Fifelski, Stacie | Student|
| Fific, Mario | Mentor |
| Name | Role |
|-----------------------------|--------|
| Filchak, Carter | Student|
| Fitzgerald, Emma | Student|
| Fitzgibbon, Shannon | Student|
| Fitzpatrick, Coeli | Mentor |
| Ford, Hanna | Student|
| Ford, Sydney | Student|
| Foster, Wade | Student|
| Fray, Davis | Student|
| Fredericks, Erik | Mentor |
| Fritz, Elisia | Student|
| Fulton, Laurel | Mentor |
| Furstenau, Alyson | Student|
| Gabrosek, John | Mentor |
| Galka, Jared | Student|
| Garcia, Tyler | Student|
| Garcia Mazari, Sheila | Mentor |
| Gardner, Ethan | Student|
| Garland, Jacob | Student|
| Garlicki, Gabrielle | Student|
| Gentry, Ryan | Student|
| Gibbons, Kristina | Student|
| Gizowski, Adam | Student|
| Goetzinger, Amelia | Student|
| Golden, Xavier | Student|
| Gonzales, Marissa | Student|
| Goosen, Maria | Student|
| Gordon, Olivia | Student|
| Gotz, Mariah | Student|
| Graham, Brooklyn | Student|
| Graham, Eliza | Student|
| Grahn, Stephanie | Student|
| Graver, Rheanna | Student|
| Greer, Gary | Mentor |
| Greiner, Hallie | Student|
| Grendysa, Lauren | Student|
| Grevemeyer, Cassidy | Student|
| Griffin, Griff | Mentor |
| Gropp, Nina | Student|
| Gruppen, Adam | Student|
| Gunst, Caitlin | Student|
| Haan, Libby | Student|
| Ham, Charles | Mentor |
| Hamlin, Morgan | Student|
| Hamm, Katlyn | Student|
| Hammersmith, Anna | Mentor |
| Hamsher, Sarah | Mentor |
| Hart, Liam | Student|
| Hart, Matthew | Mentor |
| Hart-Waara, George | Student|
| Havlik, Max | Student|
| Hawk, Laura | Mentor |
| Hayes, Grace | Student|
| Hays, Caitlin | Student|
| Hedges, Kristin | Mentor |
| Hehl, Nicholas | Student|
| Heighton, Brittany | Student|
| Henning, Evan | Student|
| Heselschwerdt, Gabriel | Student|
| Hewitt, McKenna | Student|
| Hilborn, Loraellen | Student|
| Hill, Emily | Student|
| Hill, Micah | Student|
| Hjelm, Kaj | Student|
| Hodge, Andrew | Student|
| Hokenstad, Camryn | Student|
| Holkeboer, Noah | Student|
| Hollister, Robert | Mentor |
| Horton, Calob | Student|
| Hosterman, William | Mentor |
| Hubbuch, Lauren | Student|
| Hunt, Jennifer | Student|
| Huynh, Ammy | Student|
| Name | Role |
|-----------------------------|--------|
| Iacovone, Ryan | Student|
| Ilagan, Keana | Student|
| Inman-Carter, Kelsey | Student|
| Jacobs, Brooke | Student|
| Janes, Patty | Mentor |
| Jenkins, Abigail | Student|
| Jenkins, Emma | Student|
| Jenks, Nathan | Student|
| Jesko, Jared | Student|
| Johanek, Tate | Student|
| Johnenecheck, Andrea | Student|
| Johnson, Mackenzie | Student|
| Jones, Tonisha | Mentor |
| KC, Jyoti | Student|
| Karabinus, Alisha | Mentor |
| Karampagia, Sofia | Mentor |
| Karmanos, Kathryn | Student|
| Karpen, Mary | Mentor |
| Kasche, Carson | Student|
| Kedziorek, Emily | Student|
| Kedzuch, Lily | Student|
| Kennard, Elizabeth | Student|
| Kennell, Jhay-Lah | Student|
| Keough, Lauren | Mentor |
| Khoo, Sok Kean | Mentor |
| Kippe, Zachary | Student|
| Kneeshaw, Tara | Mentor |
| Knott, Zachary | Student|
| Kolanowski, Mason | Student|
| Komic, Mirza | Student|
| Korenek, Katrena | Student|
| Kornowicz, Miranda | Student|
| Korte, Jonathan | Student|
| Kotch, Shaylynne | Student|
| Kovacs, Dalila | Mentor |
| Koza, Alyssa | Student|
| Kozar, Collin | Student|
| Kraklau, Alexa | Student|
| Krause, Cody | Student|
| Krebs, Haley | Student|
| Kristjansdottir, Arna | Student|
| Kruithoff, Serena | Student|
| Kruskie, Stephanie | Student|
| Krzysik, Hunter | Student|
| Kurima, Rachel | Student|
| Kurjiaka, Dave | Mentor |
| Kurowski, Katrina | Student|
| Lach, Kristen | Student|
| Landstra, Ryleigh | Student|
| Lang, Madeleine | Student|
| Langlois, Jamie | Mentor |
| Lansky, Kelsey | Student|
| Lantz, Andrew | Mentor |
| Lassin, Jasmine | Student|
| Laudicina, Natalie | Mentor |
| Lee, Hoon | Mentor |
| Lee, Hyun Jin | Student|
| Lehner, Robyn | Student|
| Lehnert, Kevin | Mentor |
| Lenters, Geoffrey | Mentor |
| Leon, Paola | Mentor |
| Lerma, Nicholas | Mentor |
| Li, Huafang | Mentor |
| Ligas, Claudia | Student|
| Lilley, Justin | Student|
| Lioubimtseva, Elena | Mentor |
| Liu, Ruijie | Mentor |
| Lott, Kevin | Student|
| Louis, Collin | Student|
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| Lubbers, Travis | Student|
| Lupu, Ally | Student|
| Lutz, Victoria | Student|
| Ma, Kin | Mentor |
| Macauley, Beth | Mentor |
| Macionis, Madelyn | Student|
| Main, Abigail | Student|
| Majestic, Autumn | Student|
| Malinowski, Jessica | Student|
| Manderscheid, Amy | Mentor |
| Mandle, Shealyn | Student|
| Mangan, Erin | Student|
| Manninen, Collin | Student|
| Manschula, Micaela | Student|
| Maouene-Cavin, Josita | Mentor |
| Marco, Christopher | Student|
| Marlais, Helen | Mentor |
| Martin, Elizabeth | Student|
| Martin, Ellianne | Student|
| Martin, Matthew | Student|
| Mason, Andrew | Student|
| Mason, Floria | Student|
| Maurer, Madelyn | Student|
| Maurer, Olivia | Student|
| Mayers, Leifa | Mentor |
| McBane, George | Mentor |
| McBride, Hannah | Student|
| McCabe, Jonathan | Student|
| McConkey, Isabelle | Student|
| McCumber, Lauren | Student|
| McDowell, Madeline | Student|
| McFarlane, Micah | Student|
| McGillicuddy, Anna | Student|
| McKinley, Kara | Student|
| McMahon, Grace | Student|
| McNamee, Connor | Student|
| McPhee, M.E. | Student|
| Mckeough, John | Student|
| Medaugh, Audrey | Student|
| Meriweather, Rachel | Student|
| Meyer, Sydney | Student|
| Mikonczyk, Sophie | Student|
| Miller, Chad | Student|
| Miller, Emma | Student|
| Miller, Grace | Student|
| Miller, Madison | Student|
| Miloser, Payton | Student|
| Milton, Lindsay | Student|
| Minnebo, Lillian | Student|
| Mitchell, Carissa | Student|
| Mocherman, Logan | Student|
| Montgomery, Jessica | Student|
| Moore, Carlin | Student|
| Moore, Jane | Student|
| Moran, Katherine | Mentor |
| Morgan, Carolyn | Student|
| Morgan, Kelly | Student|
| Morison, Melissa | Mentor |
| Mshar, Hannah | Student|
| Nalam, Pranav | Student|
| Near, Lucille | Student|
| Nechuta, Sarah | Mentor |
| Nelson, Lilianne | Mentor |
| Nelson, Sophia | Student|
| Newman, Luke | Student|
| Nichols, Jacy | Student|
| Niederer, Madison | Student|
| Niessink, Abby | Student|
| Noffert, Abigael | Student|
| Noteboom, Jonathon | Student|
| Nunez, Nicole | Student|
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| O'Leary, Erin | Student|
| O'Connor, Mikaela | Student|
| Ockerman, Seth | Student|
| Okros, Grace | Student|
| Olen, Tara | Student|
| Olenick, Madilynn | Student|
| Osborn, Sid | Student|
| Otieno, Sango | Mentor |
| Partridge, Charlyn | Mentor |
| Payton, MacKenzie | Student|
| Pellizzari, Michael | Student|
| Pentecost, Thomas | Mentor |
| Perris, Jennifer | Student|
| Perry, Kaitlyn | Student|
| Peterson, Alycia | Student|
| Peterson, Ginny | Mentor |
| Petrosky, Jacob | Student|
| Petz, Collin | Student|
| Phelps, Lauren | Student|
| Piasecki, Emma | Student|
| Polaski, Steven | Student|
| Poliak, Samantha | Student|
| Pollick, Kendra | Student|
| Pope, Ian | Student|
| Powers, Esabella | Student|
| Powers, Rachel | Mentor |
| Price, Natalie | Student|
| Prohaska, Jenna | Student|
| Pung, Christopher | Mentor |
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| Rankinen, Wil | Mentor |
| Rausch, Drew | Student|
| Ray, Haylee | Student|
| Reed, Chris | Mentor |
| Renkema, Kristin | Mentor |
| Reynolds, Bryce | Student|
| Richards, Suzanne | Mentor |
| Richiert, Dawn | Mentor |
| Richmond, Alexander | Student|
| Riemersma, Peter | Mentor |
| Rodriguez, Stella | Student|
| Roesler, Nathan | Student|
| Romanski, Allison | Student|
| Rozich, Maci | Student|
| Rupinski, Leigh | Mentor |
| Russ, Lex | Student|
| Russ, Sullivan | Student|
| Russell, Greg | Student|
| Rutgers, Delaney | Student|
| Ryan, William | Mentor |
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| Salas, Nora | Mentor |
| Sands, Georgia | Student|
| Sango, Tumaini | Student|
| Sarnacki, Cazmir | Student|
| Sawertailo, Kathrine | Student|
| Schafer, Hannah | Student|
| Schena, Nicholas | Student|
| Schmidt, Lindsey | Student|
| Schultz, Laura | Student|
| Schultz, Yazmine | Student|
| Schultz, Zoe | Student|
| Schwartz, Mark | Mentor |
| Sciaky, Sarah | Student|
| Seibert, Emilie | Student|
| Seim, Zachary | Student|
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| Shabani, Shkelzen | Mentor |
| Shadab, Kari | Student|
| Shattuck, Allison | Student|
| Shelnick, Nathan | Student|
| Siebert, Melanie | Student|
| Sieczka, Dallas | Student|
| Sielaff, Lizzy | Student|
| Singer, Cara | Mentor |
| Siriano, Emily | Student|
| Siwula, Danielle | Student|
| Smielewski, Lucas | Student|
| Smith, Caeley | Student|
| Smith, Grace | Student|
| Smith, Jillian | Student|
| Snyder, Eric | Mentor |
| Sobetski, Mark | Student|
| Sokolow, Natasha | Student|
| Sonke, Lisa | Student|
| Soos, Daisy | Student|
| Spencer, Erin | Student|
| Spindler, Alexander | Student|
| Spiteri, Brent | Student|
| Spoelstra, Sandra | Mentor |
| Stairs, Joanna | Student|
| Stamper, Korey | Student|
| Staves, Mark | Mentor |
| Stefanou, Michael | Student|
| Stephenson, Paul | Mentor |
| Sterling, Stella | Student|
| Sterlini, Kianna | Student|
| Stoops, Carly | Student|
| Strode, Nicole | Student|
| Stroik, Laura | Mentor |
| Stuhlreyer, John | Student|
| Suehr, Matthew | Student|
| Sutherland, Evan | Student|
| Symons, BN | Student|
| Szydlowski, Hanna | Student|
| Tafel, Heather | Mentor |
| Tallman, Melissa | Mentor |
| Tallon, Darby | Student|
| Taylor, Madeline | Student|
| Tedford, Kelsey | Student|
| Teft, Miriam | Mentor |
| Terkar, Shweta Dnyaneshwar | Student|
| Thaler, Levi | Student|
| Thomas, Derek | Mentor |
| Thomas, Derek | Mentor |
| Thomas, Karly | Student|
| Thomas, Shelby | Student|
| Thompson, Anthony | Mentor |
| Thompson, Connor | Student|
| Thompson, Cynthia | Mentor |
| Tikkanen, Zane | Student|
| Tiongson, Emma | Student|
| Tonello, Derek | Student|
| Toren, Dana | Student|
| Tower, Brandon | Student|
| Trefftz, Christian | Mentor |
| Trierweiler, Joshua | Student|
| Tunnell, Marc | Student|
| Tuttle, Lydia | Student|
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**V**
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| Vales, Ethan | Student|
| VanDyke, Eli | Student|
| VandenPlas, Jessica | Mentor |
| Vann, Christina | Student|
| Vigh, Beckett | Student|
| Villanueva, Isabelle | Student|
| Voetberg, Clara | Student|
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|-----------------------------|--------|
| Waite, Madelline | Student|
| Walker, Darcy | Student|
| Walker, Nora | Student|
| Walker, Zachary | Student|
| Wallace, Nichole | Student|
| Wallar, Bradley | Mentor |
| Walsh, Benjamin | Mentor |
| Walters, Zane | Student|
| Wampler, Peter | Mentor |
| Washington, Alyssa | Student|
| Webster, Brendan | Student|
| Weinberger, Madeline | Student|
| Werner, Robert | Mentor |
| Westerbeek, Hailey | Student|
| White, Anna | Mentor |
| Wicker, Jagger | Student|
| Wiencek, Erica | Student|
| Williams, Anna | Student|
| Williams, Todd | Mentor |
| Willson, Maggie | Student|
| Wilson, Emily | Student|
| Wilson, Griffin | Student|
| Winchester, Arly | Student|
| Winchester, Randy | Mentor |
| Winkelstern, Ian | Mentor |
| Wolfe, Michael | Mentor |
| Woods, Amanda | Student|
| Woodwyk, Seth | Student|
**X**
**Y**
**Z**
Zettle-Sterling, Renee Mentor
Ziebarth, Alexandra Student
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State of the Judiciary Chief Justice Richard P Guy, Washington Supreme Court Message to the Washington Legislature January 16, 2001, in Olympia, Washington
Governor Locke, Lieutenant Governor Owen, Co-Speakers Chopp and Ballard, state elected officials, members of the House and Senate, fellow justices and judges, ladies and gentlemen.
Good morning. Let me first thank all of you for the warm welcome that you have accorded me and my fellow justices on this and other occasions. As you have undoubtedly observed we have been frequent guests in this building of late, what with various oath taking sessions, a ceremony for departing statewide elected officials, a State of the State message, and the inaugural ball. The truth is that we really enjoy being a part of those occasions, but we promise you now that the traditional opening rituals of this session of the Legislature are behind us, we will recede into the Temple of Justice across the way and be far less ubiquitous.
That, I suppose, is as it should be under our doctrine of separation of powers, one of the crown jewels of our form of government. I would venture the opinion, though, that it is a good thing for the branches of government to have contact such as we have had this past week or so, because our government functions better, it seems to me, if the elected members of the three branches know each other and gain a better appreciation of the other's role.
Let me also thank the members of the Legislature for inviting me to deliver this message on behalf of the judiciary. We know that time is precious to all of you during a legislative session. We know also that you need not accord me this privilege. The state constitution, as you know, does require the governor to deliver a message to you at every session. That same constitution requires the judges of the Supreme Court to report to the governor in writing in January of each year on defects and omissions in the law. It does not, however, require the courts to report to the Legislature nor does it require you to provide us that opportunity. But by a custom that has developed over the last decade the chief justice has been invited to speak to the Legislature every other year, on the state of our justice system, and we are most grateful for that opportunity.
Relevant to that subject I would like to say a brief word about the court on which I sit-the State Supreme Court. I am here to tell you that we have a fine court. I am proud of my colleagues and I am very honored that they have elected me to serve as chief justice for a four-year term. As some of you know, I was raised in Olympia. My father was a state employee during much of my childhood and I went to high school just across Capitol Way at the old Olympia High School. It was common for students then, particularly during legislative sessions, to roam the halls of this building and soak up the atmosphere. Consequently, I have a special place in my heart for this building, our state government, and the work that you do as citizen legislators. So I am deeply honored to be able to address you.
As I indicated, we have a fine court. I can tell you that we are absolutely unified in our desire to work with our judicial colleagues at all levels of court to deliver on the promise of equal and quality justice for all. The current Supreme Court is very experienced. All of us practiced law in this state early in our careers and collectively we have 124 years of judicial service, including our tenure at the Supreme Court. At the same time we are all free thinking individuals. We come from different places and backgrounds, reflecting to some extent the diversity of our state's population.
I think that most of you are familiar somewhat with the returning members of the court. But let me, if I may, briefly say a word about our two newest members, Justices Chambers and Owens. Tom Chambers was raised in the Yakima Valley, at Wapato, but he chose to practice law in the big city-Seattle-where he had a remarkable career. Notably, he is a past president of the Washington Trial Lawyers Association and the Washington State Bar Association. Interestingly, he is the first former State Bar president to serve on the Supreme Court since Thomas Grady of Yakima served on the court in the 1940s and '50s.
Susan Owens is a North Carolinian who chose Forks, Washington, out on our coast as her home. She never regretted that decision even though Forks is said to be the city with the greatest annual rainfall in the lower 48 states. In Forks she has served as a Clallam County District Court judge and as a judge of the Quileute and Lower Elwha Tribal Courts. She is the first person from Clallam County to ever serve on our court in our 111 years as a state and the first to ever have prior service as a tribal court judge. I am proud to say that upon her inauguration the Washington Supreme Court now has more women among its members than any Supreme Court in the union, including the United States Supreme Court.
Before I move to my main topic, let me say a word about a recently retired member of the Washington Supreme Court. Our court and the entire judiciary of our state is more unified than I have ever seen it during my almost 28 years as a judge. That is so for a number of reasons, not the least of which was the leadership and personality of my predecessor as chief justice, Richard Guy. Justice Guy is present here today and I would like to ask him to stand and be recognized for his many and significant contributions to the administration of justice in the state of Washington.
Let me now, in my capacity as the state's 52nd chief justice, speak to you about the state of Washington's justice system. I can tell you that it is in good shape despite the many demands that have been placed upon it. I know that there are reputable persons who would suggest otherwise, claiming that our justice system is in crisis. I disagree with that and so do the many judges I have talked to in recent months. The crisis, if any, is not in how the courts handle current caseloads. Rather, it is not meeting the needs of our many citizens who cannot afford to avail themselves of the justice system. But for the cases that come to us, the system's 215 full- and part-time judges of our municipal and district courts efficiently manage caseloads made heavy with annual filings of over two million matters. Our 174 superior court judges do the same with the over a quarter of a million cases being filed each year in those courts that are located in every county of our state. Collectively these trial courts entertain one case filing for every 2 ½ citizens every year-cases that run the gamut from parking citations to aggravated first degree murder, and from small claims to cases that involve millions, and in some cases, billions, of dollars.
I wish that I had the time to tell you about all of the innovative things our judges are doing, often on a shoestring, to make the system more efficient and more responsive to the public while still maintaining the goal of fundamental fairness. A few examples: Pend Oreille District Court Judge
Phillip J. Van de Veer offers the citizens that enter the courthouse in Newport an information map that tells them, most of whom are not represented by counsel, how to navigate the court. Similarly, Chelan County District Court Judge Thomas Warren has reached out to the Hispanic community in his area by creating brochures in Spanish, as well as English, that describe how one uses the court system. King County Superior Court Judge Patricia Clark, working with our state's Gender and Justice and Minority and Justice Commissions, is dedicated to erasing the bias that is sometimes felt by women of color in our courts-with a program entitled "When Bias Compounds."
Many of our judges are doing pioneer work in the relatively new concept of restorative justice. Spokane County District Court Judge Vance Peterson has a program that is designed to let people reinstate their suspended driver's license by making monthly payments on outstanding court-ordered financial obligations. In Mason County District Court, Judge Victoria Meadows utilizes the services of a restorative justice panel, composed of citizen volunteers, who recommend to her alternatives to jail for nonviolent offenders.
The problem of domestic violence has, of course, captured the attention of the judiciary-just as it has captured the attention of the legislative and executive branches. In 1995, Governor Lowry, the Supreme Court, and Attorney General Gregoire co-sponsored the first ever statewide Domestic Violence Summit. It was an important step in bringing leaders of each branch of government together with professionals in the field to discuss this cycle of violence, which affects many families directly and all of us indirectly. Since that first summit we have made much progress. Under the leadership of my colleague Justice Barbara Madsen, local domestic violence summits are held each year in many counties to bring people together to discuss better coordination and delivery of services to victims of domestic violence.
The Clark County Superior and District Court benches have been innovative in this field, consolidating their domestic violence calendars under one judge. Judge Robert Harris, the presiding judge of that superior court and president-elect of the Superior Court Judges' Association is present here today. Last year also saw the debut of King County's specialized Domestic Violence Court. At three locations in that county dedicated judges of the district court, prosecutors, and defense counsel work solely on these cases each day to provide more effective and consistent justice.
Kitsap County District Court Judge James Riehl, a national leader in this field, is training Washington judges on the means by which domestic violence orders of courts of other states and of tribal courts can be enforced in our courts. Judge Riehl is also here.
In several of our counties, Unified Family Courts have been established to better serve families and children who find themselves in the system. These have been established under the theory that the 'one-judge/one family' approach improves court proceedings for families by allowing one judge to fully deal with the legal problems that members of a family may face.
You may be aware through press reports of some of the innovative work that our courts are doing in dealing with drug offenders. Currently 12 superior courts in this state have a drug court for adult offenders and this past year, Snohomish County Superior Court Judge Joe Thibodeau designed a drug court specifically for juveniles. Island County Superior Court judges Vickie Churchill and Alan Hancock have started a similar program in that county. Participants in these programs commit to a stringent drug-treatment regimen and have weekly meetings to make sure they keep on track with their recovery.
Despite the many innovative programs that have been launched in recent years, I am not telling you that our justice system is perfect and cannot be improved. There is no institution that has been created by humans that cannot be improved. The judiciary and our many fine employees know that and we are dedicated to making the justice system better.
In accomplishing that goal we will benefit from one of the many legacies left by former Chief Justice Guy. His vision was that the judiciary would be united in seeking improvements and would speak to the executive and legislative branches in one voice. That vision led to a reorganization and revitalization of our state's Board for Judicial Administration (the BJA). Its membership has been broadened to provide for increased representation of all levels of court, as well as the non-voting bar members. In addition a new position of "member-chair" was added. That person co-chairs the Board along with the chief justice. Spokane County Superior Court Judge James M. Murphy, who is here, has shown tremendous leadership as the first memberchair, in addition to his duties as president of the Superior Court Judges' Association. The BJA is meeting in Olympia today. In fact, we started at 8:00 a.m. today and adjourned for this session.
These changes have been significant. Within the past two years, the BJA formed two committees to explore major issues of concern to the courts. Out of those committees came various proposals to the BJA. The BJA, in turn, approved many of the proposals. I would like to discuss them with you-particularly those that require legislation in order to be implemented.
The first proposals came from the Washington Jury Commission which was chaired by Thurston County Superior Court Judge Daniel Berschauer. That commission was composed of citizens, former jurors, judges, lawyers, court personnel, business persons, and three members of the legislature, Senator Adam Kline, Representative Mike Carrell, and then Representative and now Senator Dow Constantine. The commission's charge was to look at our state's jury system from top to bottom and recommend ways that it could be improved. This was important work because the right to trial by jury is one of the cornerstones of our democracy. The commission found that despite the importance we attach to juries, the trial courts of our state were experiencing difficulty in finding jurors. Indeed in some jurisdictions less than 15 percent of the persons summoned for jury service actually made it on to the jury panel. Most troubling was that about 20 percent of persons who were summoned did not even bother to respond to the summons.
The commission quickly discovered that there were many reasons for this underwhelming response to what we generally consider an obligation of citizenship, but that certainly a general belief among citizens that jury service is somewhat unpleasant, definitely contributed to the problem. The commission, therefore, made nearly 40 recommendations to the BJA for improving jury administration and for making jury service more palatable. The BJA approved most of these proposals and many can and will be accomplished within the court system without the necessity of legislation. A few, though, will require legislative action in order to be realized.
Chief among these is a fee increase for jurors. The statutory minimum was set in 1959 at $10 a day. We are now at the year 2001 and most counties, including all of our metropolitan counties, still pay the minimum $10. I recall thinking, when I was a young superior court judge in the 1970s, that $10 was an inadequate amount to pay our jurors. Well if I was right then, and I think that I was, it is woefully inadequate now.
To bring home the inadequacy of the $10 fee, if that is necessary, I should tell you that I recently attended a meeting at the King County Courthouse. It was a rainy day and prior to the meeting we parked about a block away from the courthouse in an open parking lot. The charge for parking for several hours was $13, but I was told that it would be $18 for the entire workday. Obviously the jurors' fee would not even cover that cost.
We are asking you to correct this inequality by passing legislation that maintains the fee at $10 per day for the first day of jury service, on the theory that every citizen should be willing to devote one day at little or no cost to being a juror, but increasing it to $45 for every succeeding day of jury service. We are asking you to provide that the additional $35 be underwritten by the State of Washington with the local jurisdictions remaining responsible for $10 of the fee.
We are also asking that you approve legislation shortening jury service to two days or one trial.
The other major committee formed by the BJA was Project 2001. This committee was chaired by retired Judge Tom Swayze and former WSBA President Paul Steere. It was also a broad-based committee and included state legislators--Representative Luke Esser, and Senators Jeanine Long, Pam Roach, and Adam Kline. The committee was asked to thoroughly review the judicial system, the way that it operates, its funding system, and more important, it was to make recommendations as to how it may be made more efficient. The project got started in the spring of 2000. It worked hard and submitted its report to the BJA, which has approved many of its recommendations. Those have been reported to you and are contained in a final recommendation to the Legislature. Again, many of those approved recommendations, like mandatory judicial education for all judges and a strengthening of the role of trial court presiding judges, can be adopted by the courts internally by court rule. A few of the recommendations, though, require legislation to implement them and I will just briefly touch on one of them.
The most significant recommendation is for a constitutional amendment providing for what we call transportability of judges. In a nutshell, this would allow a previously elected judge, active or retired, to sit in any trial court at the request of the presiding judge of that trial court. Currently, active or retired judges or even lawyers can serve as pro tem judges but only on the agreement of counsel on both sides of the case. It is that veto right of attorneys that the constitutional amendment would eliminate. Although this may not seem, at first blush, to be a significant step, it really is. This would give the presiding judges of our trial courts greater flexibility in managing their dockets and would allow the trial courts of our states to have the advantages that might be realized from a formal merger of our two levels of trial court without the attendant cost of doing so and without eliminating our courts of limited jurisdiction which are designed to handle matters within their jurisdictional limits in a less formal way than the superior court. To me this is a sensible recommendation and one that will allow the courts to use existing judicial personnel more efficiently.
Finally, and somewhat related to these proposals I wish to advise you that we are seeking an appropriation to maintain, update, and modernize the state's judicial information system. Our state's court system has been blessed by having one of the most established and efficient judicial information systems in the nation-one to which all of our trial and appellate courts are tied.
The bad news that goes with that is that the system's hardware and software are old, at least as we measure age in the fast moving technological world. Our Judicial Information System Committee, which is chaired by my colleague, Justice Bobbe Bridge, has compared our current system to an eight-track tape system. We think it is time to get a CD player. With this funding, greater efficiencies can be realized, all to the benefit of our courts in every part of the state. We think this would be a prudent investment in an established and proven system.
Let me close where I began by thanking you for your time and your willingness to listen to this report on the state of the judiciary. As I indicated, I think our judges and the employees of our courts are doing a magnificent job providing justice. We can and want to do even better, though, and we believe these modest proposals for legislation, coupled with changes we can make without the necessity of legislation, will allow us to do even a better job. Thank you. | <urn:uuid:ba9a35df-abcd-4b89-b054-5cc61d4ab029> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/eng_Latn/train | finepdfs | eng_Latn | 19,424 |
GRAU DE PREVENCIÓ I SEGURETAT INTEGRAL PRÀCTIQUES EXTERNES Curs 2015-2016
INFORME FINAL DE LA PERSONA TUTORA DE L'ENTITAT COL·LABORADORA
Informe FINAL de la persona tutora relatiu al conveni de cooperació educativa per a la realització de pràctiques acadèmiques externes entre l'Escola de Prevenció i Seguretat Integral de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, l’entitat col·laboradora , amb NIF , i l’estudiant , amb DNI , de data .
Valoració final de l'estada de pràctiques:
Nombre d'hores totals realitzades per l'estudiant:
Aquest informe és un element fonamental per l’avaluació final de les practiques. Li preguem que qualifiqui cada apartat acuradament i agraïm novament la seva col·laboració.
ASPECTES QUE CAL VALORAR
Mesureu-los del 0 al 10
(marqueu amb una X)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Capacitat tècnica
Capacitat d'aprenentatge
Administració de treballs
Habilitats de comunicació oral i escrita
Sentit de la responsabilitat
Facilitat d'adaptació
Creativitat i iniciativa
Implicació personal
Motivació
Receptivitat a les crítiques
Puntualitat
Relacions amb el seu entorn de
pràctiques
Capacitat de treball en equip
Página1de2
Capacitat per diagnosticar la situació de la seguretat integral a l'empresa u
organització.
COMPETÈNCIA TÉCNICA:
IDENTIFICACIÓ DE RECURSOS
Capacitat per identificar els recursos
necessaris per a la gestió de la seguretat, medi ambient, qualitat o responsabilitat social corporativa
COMPETÈNCIA TÉCNICA: ÚS DE
RECURSOS
Capacitat per a usar la tecnologia que es posa a la seva disposició en les
operacions de seguretat
(Signatura i segell)
(Nom i cognoms de la persona tutora de l'entitat col·laboradora)
(Càrrec)
(Data)
Explicació de la valoració. Punts forts i punts febles de l'estudiant.
Suggeriments de millora | <urn:uuid:17a78802-9473-4c96-b814-35563208e7ed> | HuggingFaceFW/finepdfs/tree/main/data/cat_Latn/train | finepdfs | cat_Latn | 1,786 |
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