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[ { "content": "a widely studied model for growth of porous films is ballistic deposition ( bd ) @xcite , in which the particles incide perperdicularly to the substrate and aggregate at the first contact with the deposit @xcite . \n bd was originally proposed to describe sedimentary rock formation @xcite and was ...
[ { "content": "planetpack is a software tool that facilitates the detection and characterization of exoplanets from the radial velocity ( rv ) data , as well as basic tasks of long - term dynamical simulations in exoplanetary systems . the detailed description of the numeric algorithms implemented in planetpack ...
[ { "content": "quantum memory can store information in superposition states of a collection of two - level systems . optical ion trap by laser cooling has been prepared to construct quantum logic gates @xcite . in those systems , negative role played by quantum decoherence @xcite is quite significant . \n random...
[ { "content": "microarray technology is an important tool to monitor gene - expression in bio - medical studies @xcite . \n a common experimental design is to compare two sets of samples with different phenotypes , e.g. diseased and normal tissue , with the goal of discovering differentially expressed genes @xci...
[ { "content": "the scale size of galaxies is one of the fundamental parameters to elucidate the history of galaxy formation and evolution . \n the change of size and stellar - mass relations over cosmic time would pose strong constraints on models of galaxy evolution . \n the observational relations between gala...
[ { "content": "the creation and motion of large numbers of crystal lattice dislocations is the most fundamental feature of crystal plasticity . during the last half century , the physical properties of individual dislocations and their interactions with localised obstacles have been studied extensively . on the ...
[ { "content": "thermopower , @xmath1 , is an important transport coefficient that offers valuable information about the electronic structure , the scattering processes and the mechanisms of carrier - phonon coupling in a system . in the last few years \n there has been growing experimental interest in @xmath1 of...
[ { "content": "jets are found in accreting systems throughout the visible universe . for stellar - mass accretors , \n the evolution of such jets occurs on human timescales , and can be probed by resolved monitoring observations . \n x - ray binaries are one such class of objects , in which two distinct types of...
[ { "content": "the group of about @xmath8 so - called central compact objects ( ccos ) in supernova remnants ( snrs ) are distinguished by their steady surface thermal x - ray flux , lack of surrounding pulsar wind nebula , and non - detection at any other wavelength @xcite . \n three ccos are known pulsars , wi...
[ { "content": "interacting fermionic particles play a central role in the structure of matter and exist over a very broad range of energies , from extremely low temperature trapped atomic fermi gases , where @xmath10 k @xcite , to very high temperature primordial matter , like quark - gluon plasmas , where @xma...
[ { "content": "recent progress in our understanding of faint galaxy data made possible by the combination of _ hubble space telescope _ \n ( _ hst _ ) deep imaging and ground - based spectroscopy has dramatically increased our knowledge of the evolution of the stellar birthrate in optically - selected galaxies f...
[ { "content": "chemical evolution models ( cem ) @xcite were early developed to try to understand the origin of the radial gradients of abundances , observed in our galaxy ( mwg ) . \n most numerical models in the literature , including the multiphase model used in this work , explain the existence of this radia...
[ { "content": "in the ctf ii drive beam gun , cs - te photocathodes are used to produce a pulse train of 48 electron bunches , each 10ps long and with a charge of up to 10nc @xcite . in ctf , the main limit to lifetime is the available laser power , which requires a minimal quantum efficiency ( qe ) of 1.5% to p...
[ { "content": "the interest in the feas - based superconductors@xcite is ongoing after six years of extensive research as still no consensus has been achieved concerning the superconducting character and pairing mechanism . \n lifeas is special amongst the many feas - based superconductors , as superconductivity...
[ { "content": "nowadays the family of iron pnictides is a well - established and important prototype system for unconventional high - temperature superconductivity . starting with the first famous compound @xcite in 2008 , today several different sub - families with a wide structural variety \n are known . \n al...
[ { "content": "when one is dealing with classical field theories on a spacetime , the metric may appear as a given background field or it may be a genuine dynamic field satisfying the einstein equations . \n the latter theories are often generally covariant , with the spacetime diffeomorphism group as symmetry g...
[ { "content": "swimming microorganisms are ubiquitous in nature , and have long been known to play important roles in marine life ecosystems , animal reproduction , and infectious diseases . in these processes , cell motility is crucial.@xcite at the small scales relevant to swimming cells , inertial forces are ...
[ { "content": "consider a generic factor model @xcite with a binary configurational space , @xmath12 , @xmath13 , which is factorized so that the probability @xmath14 to find the system in the state @xmath15 and the partition function @xmath16 are @xmath17 where @xmath9 labels non - negative and finite factor - ...
[ { "content": "chemical master equations ( cmes ) are the accepted mathematical description of chemical systems in well - mixed conditions @xcite . \n these equations provide a mesoscopic description of chemical kinetics , interpolating between the microscopic regime of molecular dynamics and the macroscopic reg...
[ { "content": "graphene as the basis of a new generation of electronics@xcite has been the center of much attention in the last years , and devices based on nanostructured graphene have been put forward . \n the most generic form of nanostructured graphene is graphene nanoribbons ( gnr),@xcite and other structur...
[ { "content": "the discovery of the acceleration of the universe by the measurements of the luminosity - redshift relation for type ia supervonae @xcite , combined with the observations of the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) @xcite , confirmed that about 70% of the density of the universe...
[ { "content": "filaments are the most prominent features visible in the galaxy distribution . \n this finding dates back to a few papers in the seventies and eighties @xcite . \n subsequent work substantiates this ( e.g. @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite ) and shows the filame...
[ { "content": "the m31 globular cluster ( gc ) b158 ( a.k.a . bo 158 ) , named following the revised bologna catalogue v3.4 @xcite , contains a bright x - ray source that was discovered by the einstein observatory @xcite , and has shown up in every x - ray observation of the region since ; we call this x - ray s...
[ { "content": "factor analysis is one of the most useful tools for modeling common dependence among multivariate outputs . \n suppose that we observe data @xmath0 that can be decomposed as @xmath1 where @xmath2 are unobservable common factors ; @xmath3 are corresponding factor loadings for variable @xmath4 , and...
[ { "content": "the recent proliferation of smartphones and tablets has been seen as a key enabler for anywhere , anytime wireless communications . \n the rise of online services , such as facebook and youtube , significantly increases the frequency of users online activities . due to this continuously increasing...
[ { "content": "elliptic curves underpin some of the most advanced mathematics currently being pursued , most notably ( probably ) the proof of fermat s last theorem by sir andrew wiles . \n recreational number theory is enjoyed by many people with * no * professional mathematics qualifications . \n the purpose o...
[ { "content": "in the current studies of ultracold quantum gases , a great deal of interest has been drawn to the study of bose - einstein condensates ( becs ) loaded into optical lattices ( ols ) , i.e. , spatially periodic potentials induced by the interference between counterpropagating laser beams book1,book...
[ { "content": "the methods used to calculate the energy and the lifetime of a resonance state are numerous @xcite and , in some cases , has been put forward over strong foundations @xcite . \n however , the analysis of the numerical results of a particular method when applied to a given problem is far from dire...
[ { "content": "several diagnostic protocols are usually adopted by dermatologists for analyzing and classifying skin lesions , such as the so - called _ abcd - rule _ of dermoscopy @xcite . due to the subjective nature of examination , \n the accuracy of diagnosis is highly dependent upon human vision and dermat...
[ { "content": "evolutionary algorithms ( ea ) are a group of computational techniques , which employ the theory of natural selection to a population of individuals to generate better individuals . \n genetic programming ( gp ) is a paradigm of ea which uses hierarchical , tree structure , variable length represe...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 be a standard brownian motion . \n it @xcite defined the multiple stochastic integral of a function @xmath1 , @xmath2 taking care to ensure that the diagonal sets , like @xmath3 , do not contribute at all . \n for this reason the integral has very good properties and is easy to work wi...
[ { "content": "we would like to thank d. jouan and zhang xiaofai for helpful discussions . \n this work is partly supported by the national natural science founction of china . \n 35 t. matsui and h. satz , phys . \n b178 * , 416 ( 1986 ) . \n na38 collaboration , c. baglin et al . \n , phys . lett . * \n b220 *...
[ { "content": "recent experiments and observations have already opened up what one can actually call the era of precision cosmology . \n it is now hoped that next years will see rather impressive advances leading not just to the determination of key cosmological parameters with an accuracy not even dreamed five ...
[ { "content": "at the end of the last century , the astronomical observations of high redshift type ia supernovae ( snia ) indicated that our universe is not only expanding , but also accelerating , which conflicts with our deepest intuition of gravity . with some other observations , such as cosmic microwave ba...
[ { "content": "the _ kissing number _ @xmath6 is the highest number of equal non - overlapping spheres in @xmath7 that touch another sphere of the same size . in three dimensions the kissing number problem asks how many white billiard balls can _ kiss _ \n ( i.e. touch ) a black ball . \n the most symmetrical co...
[ { "content": "in 2003 , belle reported the discovery of a charmoiniumlike neutral states x(3872 ) with mass=@xmath21 mev with width @xmath22 mev @xcite and latter confirmed by do @xcite , cdf @xcite and barbar @xcite . \n this discovery fed excitement in the charmonium spectroscopy because of unconventional pro...
[ { "content": "a natural and very general extension of the einstein - maxwell lagrangian yielding a general system of equations for a non - minimal coupling between the gravitational and electromagnetic fields , with non - linear terms , was set up and studied in @xcite \n . within this general theory , a specia...
[ { "content": "coherent control of atomic and molecular dynamics using optical fields has attracted much attention , both theoretically and experimentally @xcite . thus far , most theoretical work has focused on the idealized case of isolated systems , where loss of quantum phase information due to decoherence ,...
[ { "content": "neural networks ( nn s ) have become in the last years a very effective instrument for solving many difficult problems in the field of signal processing due to their properties like non - linear dynamics , adaptability , self - organization and high speed computational capability ( see for example...
[ { "content": "the degree of linear polarization of sunlight scattered by an asteroid toward an observer depends on the phase - angle , namely the angle between the asteroid - sun and the asteroid - observer directions . \n the phase - polarization curves of all atmosphereless bodies of the solar system exhibit ...
[ { "content": "the introduction of reflective optical elements revolutionized the design and imaging capabilities of telescopes @xcite . while the possibility of creating large diameter objectives was one of the primary aims , \n a significant advantage is that reflective optical elements provide a means of redu...
[ { "content": "the internet has become a near indispensable tool with both private individuals and organizations becoming increasingly dependent on internet - based software services , downloadable resources like books and movies , online shopping and banking , and even social networking sites . \n the issue of ...
[ { "content": "hera deeply inelastic scattering ( dis ) results on structure functions demonstrate a rapid bremsstrahlung growth of the gluon density at small x. when interpreted in the same framework as the parton model , this growth is predicted to saturate because the gluon occupation number in hadron wave fu...
[ { "content": "it is widely believed that there are supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies , and these are hypothesized to be the central engines for active galactic nuclei ( agns ) and gamma ray bursts ( grbs ) . \n two main possibilities are considered as the energy source . \n one is the gravitat...
[ { "content": "parametric resonance is a fundamental physical phenomenon that is encountered eventually in every area of science . in different disciplines , however , different facets of this rich phenomenon play a major role and are highlighted . \n parametric instability and multistable regimes in nonlinear d...
[ { "content": "the equilibrium behavior and the equipartition of energy between various degrees of freedom in nonlinear , nonintegrable discrete systems has attracted considerable interest since the seminal study of fermi , pasta and ulam @xcite . in hamiltonain systems with conserved number of excitations ( wav...
[ { "content": "one of the most tantalizing observational discoveries of the past decade has been that the expansion of the universe is speeding up rather than slowing down . \n an accelerating universe is strongly suggested by observations of type ia high redshift supernovae provided these behave as standard can...
[ { "content": "b. s. , v. s. , a. b. , and a. b. acknowledge support by the ministry of education , science , and technological development of the republic of serbia under projects on171017 , iii43007 , on171009 , on174027 and ibec , and by daad - german academic and exchange service under project ibec . \n ...
[ { "content": "it is well known that quantum key distribution is one of the most interesting subjects in quantum information science , which was pioneered by c.bennett and g.brassard in 1984[1 ] . in the original paper of bennett , \n single photon communication was employed as implementation of quantum key dist...
[ { "content": "in this paper all groups are assumed to be finite . \n the problem of detecting structural properties of a finite group by looking at element orders has been considered by various authors . \n amiri , jafarian amiri and isaacs in @xcite proved that the sum of element orders of a finite group @xmat...
[ { "content": "let @xmath1 be two partitions of an integer @xmath2 , @xmath3 and let @xmath4 and @xmath5 be two _ coprime _ \n polynomials of degree @xmath2 having the following factorization patterns : @xmath6 in these expressions we consider the multiplicities @xmath7 and @xmath8 , @xmath9 , @xmath10 as being...
[ { "content": "the large variety of novel and interesting phenomena of thin - film magnetism results very much from the fact that the magnetic anisotropy , which determines the easy axis of magnetization , can be one or two orders of magnitude larger than in the corresponding bulk systems@xcite . \n the reorient...
[ { "content": "large scale structures like galaxies and clusters of galaxies are believed to have formed by gravitational amplification of small perturbations @xcite . \n observations suggest that the initial density perturbations were present at all scales that have been probed by observations . \n an essential...
[ { "content": "due to the importance of the primes , the mathematicians have been investigating about them since long centuries ago . in 1801 \n , carl gauss , one of the greatest mathematician , submitted that the problem of distinguishing the primes among the non - primes has been one of the outstanding proble...
[ { "content": "the precise determination of the cabibbo - kobayashi - maskawa ( ckm ) matrix element @xmath8 is a crucial step for @xmath9 physics to pursue phenomena beyond the standard model . \n in particular , the precision achieved in determining the apex of the unitarity triangle may be limited by @xmath1...
[ { "content": "non - relativistic quantum fluids ( fermions or bosons ) constrained by periodic structures , such as layered or tubular , are found in many real or man - made physical systems . \n for example , we find electrons in layered structures such as cuprate high temperature superconductors or semiconduc...
[ { "content": "the discontinuous galerkin method @xcite nowadays is a well - established method for solving partial differential equations , especially for time - dependent problems . \n it has been thoroughly investigated by cockburn and shu as well as hesthaven and warburton , who summarized many of their fin...
[ { "content": "let us consider the following question : a group of people , living in the same country , but in different places , want to move in such a way that the distance among any two of them strictly decreases . \n unfortunately they can not all fit into one single house . \n hence , the constraints are :...
[ { "content": "incidence of energetic ion - beam causes the displacement and even removal of atoms near the surface . \n these whole processes are conventionally referred to as ion - beam - sputtering ( ibs ) . \n simultaneously , the healing kinetics proceeds via mass transport to minimize the surface free ener...
[ { "content": "cadmium arsenide , known for decades as an inverted - gap semiconductor , has recently been shown to be a three - dimensional dirac semimetal . \n these materials , with a massless dirac dispersion throughout the bulk , are the 3d analogs of graphene , and cd@xmath0as@xmath1 is foremost among them...
[ { "content": "critical properties of structurally disordered magnets remain a problem of great interest in condensed matter physics , as far as real magnetic crystals are usually non - ideal . \n commonly , in the theoretical studies , as well as in the mc simulations , one considers point - like uncorrelated q...
[ { "content": "the x - ray source is a 7.7 s pulsar in a highly compact binary system of orbital period 2485 s. it is unusual in that it is one of the few low mass x - ray binary systems to contain an x - ray pulsar . \n while the x - ray emission is strongly modulated by the pulsar , there is no evidence for ...
[ { "content": "chiral perturbation theory is a low energy effective field theory of the strong interaction . \n the work @xcite presents analytic expressions for the two - loop contribution to the pion mass and decay constant in su(3 ) chiral perturbation theory with suitable expansions in powers of @xmath3 . in...
[ { "content": "the development of coherent electromagnetic sources of higher and higher intensity with increasing photon energy up to the hard x - ray range motivates the theoretical study of the change of the processes of strongly bound systems , such as nuclear processes , by these intense fields ledingham . i...
[ { "content": "the study of tachyons and their condensation processes has been a longstanding challenge in string theory . during recent years \n , the interest in branes has added significantly to the relevance of this issue since open string tachyons occur in various configurations of stable branes , the most ...
[ { "content": "wolf - rayet ( wr ) stars represent the final phase in the evolution of very massive stars prior to core - collapse , in which the h - rich envelope has been stripped away via either stellar winds or close binary evolution , revealing products of h - burning ( wn sequence ) or he - burning ( wc se...
[ { "content": "quantum walks @xcite have been proposed as potentially useful components of quantum algorithms @xcite . in recent years these systems \n have been studied in detail and some progress has been made in developing new quantum algorithms using either continuous @xcite or discrete @xcite versions of qu...
[ { "content": "radiation pressure on spectral lines ( line force ) driving a wind from an accretion disk is the most promising hydrodynamical ( hd ) scenario for agn outflows . within this framework , \n a wind is launched from the disk by the local disk radiation at radii where the disk radiation is mostly in t...
[ { "content": "we consider @xmath0 diffeomorphisms on riemannian surfaces . our goal is to study the hyperbolic properties of a class of maps exhibiting a homoclinic tangency associated to a fixed saddle point @xmath1 , as in figure [ map ] . \n homoclinic tangencies inside the limit set , width=226 ] we assu...
[ { "content": "the spectroscopic signature of the presence of @xmath1li in the atmospheres of metal - poor halo stars is a subtle extra depression in the red wing of the @xmath2li doublet , which can only be detected in spectra of the highest quality . \n based on high - resolution , high signal - to - noise vlt...
[ { "content": "carbon chains play a central role in the chemistry and spectroscopy of interstellar space . \n the detection of cyanopolyacetylenes in dense interstellar clouds @xcite led to the suggestion by @xcite that carbon chain species be considered as candidates for the diffuse interstellar bands ( dibs ) ...
[ { "content": "the existence of feeble magnetic fields of several microgauss in our galaxies @xcite , as well as of gigagauss in intense laser - plasma interaction experiments @xcite and of billions of gauss in compact astrophysical objects @xcite ( e.g. super dense white dwarfs , neutron stars / magnetars , deg...
[ { "content": "in industrial inspection , there is an ever - growing demand for highly accurate , non - destructive measurements of three - dimensional object geometries . \n a variety of optical sensors have been developed to meet these demands @xcite . \n these sensors satisfy the requirements at least partia...
[ { "content": "in lattice qcd , the finite lattice spacing and finite lattice volume effects on the gluon propagator can be investigated with the help of lattice simulations at several lattice spacings and physical volumes . here \n we report on such a calculation . for details on the lattice setup \n see @xcite...
[ { "content": "one of the first striking applications of gromov s theory of pseudoholomorphic curves @xcite was that a closed exact lagrangian immersion @xmath4 inside a liouville manifold must have a double - point , given the assumption that it is hamiltonian displaceable . \n gromov s result has the following...
[ { "content": "the top quark is the heaviest standard model ( sm ) particle which has been discovered so far , and might be the first place in which new physics effects could appear . \n while the top quark has been discovered and studied in some details at the tevatron , many of its properties are being studied...
[ { "content": "the theme of @xmath0 ( parity time ) symmetric systems was initiated in the works of bender and collaborators @xcite as an alternative to the standard quantum theory , where the hamiltonian is postulated to be hermitian . \n the principal conclusion of these works was that @xmath0-invariant hami...
[ { "content": "multiple - input , multiple - output(mimo ) wireless transmission systems have been intensively studied during the last decade . \n the alamouti code @xcite for two transmit antennas is a novel scheme for mimo transmission , which , due to its orthogonality properties , allows a low complexity max...
[ { "content": "the recent enormous improvement of our knowledge of the neutrino oscillation parameters suggests a detailed investigation of the current constraints on the neutrino mass matrix . \n most of these constraints depend on the assumed nature of neutrinos ( dirac or majorana ) . \n the structure of this...
[ { "content": "the comparison between chemical abundances of deuterium , helium , and lithium predicted by bbn models with current empirical estimates is one of the most viable method to constrain the physical mechanisms and the cosmology which governed the nucleosynthesis of primordial abundances ( olive , stei...
[ { "content": "a diffusive electron - electron interaction correction ( eec ) to the conductivity was predicted theoretically @xcite about 30 years ago . in 2d system \n it is proportional to @xmath5 ( @xmath6 is the momentum relaxation time ) and grows in amplitude as temperature decreases . a way to experimen...
[ { "content": "in recent years loop quantum cosmology ( lqc ) has inspired realisation of the cosmological scenario in which the initial singularity is replaced by the bounce . in this picture , the universe is initially in the contracting phase , reaches the minimal , nonzero volume and , thanks to quantum repu...
[ { "content": "the author would like to thank c. bunster , c. martnez , r. troncoso , s. willison , and j. zanelli for useful comments . \n the author thanks kjell tangen for the crucial information of the paper by fonarev . \n this work was supported by the grant nos . \n 1071125 from fondecyt ( chile ) an...
[ { "content": "the cataclysmic variable hu aqr currently consists of a 0.80 white dwarf that accretes from a 0.18 main - sequence companion star . \n the transfer of mass in the tight @xmath12 orbit is mediate by the emission of gravitational waves and the strong magnetic field of the accreting star . since its ...
[ { "content": "the @xmath0 ncsm / rgm was presented in @xcite as a promising technique that is able to treat both structure and reactions in light nuclear systems . \n this approach combines a microscopic cluster technique with the use of realistic interactions and a consistent @xmath0 description of the nucleon...
[ { "content": "observations of starburst galaxies can provide vital insights into the processes and spectral characteristics of massive star formation regions . \n in such regions the physical conditions are similar to those that existed at the time of collapse and formation of galaxies in the early universe , a...
[ { "content": "in the standard model @xmath3 and @xmath4 are not mass eigenstates . \n instead we have ( the small cp - violating effects are neglected ) @xmath5 so the time evolution of the @xmath6 states looks like @xmath7 where @xmath8 is the mass eigenvalue and @xmath9 - the corresponding width . \n it follo...
[ { "content": "since the spring of 1995 , the fnc has been operating in the zeus experiment at hera where it is used in the study of leading neutrons produced at small angles with energies @xmath92 100 gev . because the calorimeter has been calibrated and tested only in beams of energy up to 120 gev , and becaus...
[ { "content": "the hubble space telescope and advances in ground based observing have greatly increased our knowledge of the galaxy population in the distant universe . however , the nature of these galaxies and their evolutionary connections to local galaxies remain poorly understood . \n luminous , compact , s...
[ { "content": "@xcite found that the galactic cepheids follow a spectral type that is independent of their pulsational periods at maximum light and gets later as the periods increase at minimum light . \n * hereafter skm ) used radiative hydrodynamical models to explain these observational phenomena as being due...
[ { "content": "it has become clear in the past several years that copper oxide materials are among the most complex systems studied in condensed matter physics , and show many unusual normal - state properties . \n the complications arise mainly from ( 1 ) strong anisotropy in the properties parallel and perpend...
[ { "content": "the study of cellular processes at the single - molecule level is a flourishing field of research in biology . \n individual molecules labeled with sub - micron markers can now be tracked in a cellular environment , and quantitative information about their dynamics can be obtained by reconstructin...
[ { "content": "soon after the fermi - dirac form ( in 1926 ) of statistical mechanics was proposed for particles which obey pauli s exclusion principle ( in 1925 ) , fowler ( 1926 ) realized that the electron degeneracy pressure can balance for those stars , called as white dwarfs , discovered by astronomers in ...
[ { "content": "numerous precision tests of the standard model ( sm ) and searches for its possible violation have been performed in the last few decades , serving as an invaluable tool to test the theory at the quantum level . \n they have also provided stringent constraints on many `` new physics '' ( np ) scen...
[ { "content": "intensity modulated radiation therapy ( imrt ) is usually used for head and neck cancer patients because it delivers highly conformal radiation doses to the target with reduction of toxicity to normal organs , as compared with conventional radiation therapy techniques @xcite . \n volumetric modula...
[ { "content": "understanding the growth history of supermassive black holes ( smbhs ) is one of the fundamental issues in studies of galaxy formation and evolution . \n the intimate connection between smbhs and host galaxies is evidenced through empirical correlations between the masses of smbhs ( m@xmath8 ) and...
[ { "content": "we begin with the definitions of the essential concepts of our model . * \n random geometric graph * consists of @xmath10 agents randomly distributed in a unit square @xmath11 . \n each agent has an interaction range defined by @xmath12 , where @xmath5 is the local interaction radius . \n two a...
[ { "content": "lipid bilayer membranes constitute one of the most fundamental components of all living cells . apart from their obvious _ structural _ role in organizing distinct biochemical compartments , their contributions to essential _ \n functions _ such as protein organization , sorting , or signalling ar...
[ { "content": "of the 77 extrasolar planets currently listed by the iau working group on extrasolar planets ] ( including planet candidates published in a refereed journals with @xmath0@xmath2 10 m@xmath1 ) , only three systems have been found to harbor planets in circular orbits ( e @xmath2 0.1 ) orbits beyond ...
[ { "content": "peculiar velocity surveys covering a fair fraction of the sky are now reaching to 6000 and beyond ( @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite ) and are being interpreted as evidence for substantial flows on these scales ( @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite , @xcite ) . \n howeve...