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[ { "content": "recent advances in observational cosmology @xcite have revived interest in alternative theories of gravity in which the gravitational interaction is modified in the infrared domain and which could potentially explain the accelerated expansion of the universe without introducing the dark energy a...
[ { "content": "the nonlinear schrdinger equation is a powerful tool for describing bose einstein condensates at zero temperature . \n double well potentials are an important class of configurations to which this tool can be applied . for square wells , \n exact solutions are known to exist @xcite . in zi _ \n @x...
[ { "content": "massive black holes weighing from a million to a billion suns have long been suspected to be the powerhouse of energetic phenomena taking place in distant galaxies . \n energy in the form of radiation , high velocity plasma outflows , and ultra relativistic jets , is extracted efficiently from the...
[ { "content": "the realization of bcs bose - einstein condentate ( bec ) evolution with two - component atomic fermi gases has received tremendous attention in the last decade @xcite . in these experiments \n , the tuning of attractive interactions permits the ground state of the system to evolve from a weak f...
[ { "content": "the entropy production of the surrounding medium of a system driven out of equilibrium is arguably the most convenient tool for quantifying the irreversiblity . in the long time limit when the steady state value of the entropy production arising due to the boundary contributions could be neglected...
[ { "content": "many observational programs over the past few years have led to the proposition that all galaxies with a substantial spheroid component contain supermassive black holes , irrespective of the presence or absence of nuclear activity ( e.g. * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n since black holes g...
[ { "content": "in the first place , we note that all the time - evolution free - propagators in eq.(2 ) are retarded , @xmath130 with @xmath131 . \n this is so because the time - order prescription on the time integrals implies @xmath132 , hence @xmath133 holds in all the @xmath130 oparators of eq.(2 ) . \n it i...
[ { "content": "the evolving populations in galaxy clusters offer a unique opportunity to directly observe galaxy evolution , and particularly the effects of environment on star forming galaxies . \n present - day rich clusters have strikingly different populations from galaxies in poorer environments , suggestin...
[ { "content": "many cardiovascular diseases such as due to the arterial occlusion is one of the leading cause of death world wide . \n the partial occlusion of the arteries due to stenotic obstruction not only restrict the regular blood flow but also characterizes the hardening and thickening of the arterial wal...
[ { "content": "recently , many efforts have been devoted to the entanglement in strongly correlated systems@xcite , in the hope that its non - trivial behavior in these systems may shed new lights on the understanding of physical phenomena of condensed matter physics . \n a typical case is the relation of entang...
[ { "content": "the surface brightness fluctuations ( sbf ) method measures the intrinsic pixel - to - pixel intensity variance in a galaxy image resulting from statistical fluctuations in the numbers and luminosities of the stars within individual pixels . since the sbf signal is convolved with the point spread ...
[ { "content": "the standard @xmath0 gauge theory of the electroweak interactions is in good agreement with all current experimental data . nonetheless , there is no evidence to show which mechanism is responsible for the breakdown of this symmetry to the @xmath1 of electromagnetism . \n it is usually assumed tha...
[ { "content": "the recent isolation of graphene layers a single atom thick@xcite has lead to a great deal of activity , because of their novel electronic properties and potential applications . \n the lattice structure of graphene is determined by the @xmath4 coordination between neighboring carbon atoms . \n ea...
[ { "content": "the paradigm that ultraluminous infrared galaxies ( ulirgs ) could evolve into qsos was proposed by pioneering studies by sanders et al . \n ( 1988 ) and norman & scovill ( 1988 ) . by recent observations , \n the x - ray emission ( brandt et a. 1997 ) or pa@xmath0 lines ( veilleux , sanders , & k...
[ { "content": "anticipating the discovery of cholesteric liquid crystals by about two decades @xcite , reusch proposed in 1869 that a periodically nonhomogeneous multilayered material reflects normally incident circularly polarized light of one handedness , but not of the opposite handedness , provided that all ...
[ { "content": "on 9th october 2006 , @xcite reported k. itagaki s discovery of a possible supernova ( sn ) in ugc 4904 . \n although the sn was discovered after the peak , an upper limit of the @xmath6 magnitude ( @xmath7 ) was obtained at @xmath820 days before the discovery @xcite . \n interestingly , @xcite a...
[ { "content": "the method of cosmic crystallography was developed by lehoucq , lachize - rey , and luminet @xcite , and consists of plotting the distances between cosmic images of clusters of galaxies . in euclidean spaces , \n we take the square of the distance between all pairs of images on a catalogue versus ...
[ { "content": "the field of single - molecule electronics has been expanding rapidly during recent years , as techniques to electrically contact and control single molecules in a transport junction have improved @xcite . by studying the electric current through the molecule as function of the applied voltage - ...
[ { "content": "understanding the behavior of interacting dynamical systems is a long standing problem . \n main efforts focused on dynamical systems interacting in a lattice , and with a mean field coupling @xcite . \n typical attempts establish the existence of an absolutely continuous invariant measure , see f...
[ { "content": "the micro - quasar grs 1915 + 105 is an enigmatic black hole binary ( bhb ) exhibiting enormous variability which have been classified in more than 14 different variability classes @xcite . \n it is believed that the extreme variability and rapid state changes observed in grs 1915 + 105 are due to...
[ { "content": "at distances in the range of about @xmath17 to @xmath18 , the sculptor group is among the nearest galaxy groups beyond the local group @xcite . \n it forms an elongated filament of galaxies and comprises a number of separate subgroups at different distances along the line of sight . at a distance ...
[ { "content": "the particle - hole state densities are basic quantities for the description of preequilibrium emission ( pe ) in semiclassical models as well as quantum - statistical theories ( e.g. , @xcite ) involving a series of particle - hole excitations caused by two - body interactions . the nuclear excit...
[ { "content": "advances of the past decades in nonlinear optics , bose einstein condensates , propagation of soliton waves in plasma physics and in other fields of nonlinear science have involved a detailed study of nonlinear schrdinger equations ( see , for example , @xcite , bruga : sci10 , @xcite , @xcite , ...
[ { "content": "numerical simulations were performed with the open - source qiwib implementation of mctdhb @xcite , using standard runge kutta time evolution and representing spatial derivatives with five point stencil finite differences . for the @xmath65 ground - state results in figs . \n ( 3 ) and ( 4 ) , we ...
[ { "content": "a _ partition _ of a number @xmath4 is a sequence @xmath5 such that @xmath6 and @xmath7 . to indicate that @xmath8 is a partition of @xmath2 we write @xmath9 . \n let @xmath1 be the number of partitions of @xmath2 . by our definition \n , @xmath10 is the unique partition of @xmath11 . \n the prob...
[ { "content": "dark matter remains one of the most important unsolved problems in contemporary physics . \n astronomical observations indicate that the energy density of dark matter exceeds that of ordinary matter by a factor of five @xcite . \n extensive laboratory searches for weakly interacting massive partic...
[ { "content": "activated processes are responsible for large qualitative changes in broad classes of systems . \n a well - known example is escape from a potential well , in which fluctuations carry the system over a potential barrier . \n activated escape underlies diffusion in crystals , protein folding , and ...
[ { "content": "the question about how a piece of information ( a virus , a rumor , an opinion , etc . \n , ) is globally spread over a network , and which ingredients are necessary to achieve such a success , has motivated much research recently . \n the reason behind this interest is that identifying key aspect...
[ { "content": "the @xmath0 meson discovered by the cdf collaboration @xcite in @xmath4 collisions at @xmath5 tev completes the family of mixed flavor mesons . \n the @xmath0 meson has a @xmath6 anti - quark and a @xmath7 quark . \n current and future experiments at the tevatron and lhc are expected to provide la...
[ { "content": "the extinction curve describes how the extinction changes with the wavelength . \n extinction is due to the presence of dust grains in the interstellar medium and its characteristics are different in a diffuse interstellar medium as compared to a dense interstellar medium . \n thus , the knowledge...
[ { "content": "in the last fifteen years , deep vla surveys have allowed to extend direct determinations of radio source counts down to @xmath2jy levels at 1.41 , 4.86 and 8.44 ghz . at these frequencies \n , counts now cover about 7 orders of magnitude in flux and reach areal densities of several sources arcmin...
[ { "content": "the photo- and electro - production of kaons on the proton in the resonance region have been studied both experimentally and theoretically since the 1960s . \n many data were collected on the kaon photo - production ( cornell , cal tech , bonn , tokyo , desy , and orsay , see @xcite ) but only a f...
[ { "content": "asteroid families form as a result of collisions between asteroids . \n these events can either lead to a formation of a large crater on the parent body , from which fragments are ejected , or catastrophically disrupt it . \n more than 120 families are currently known in the main belt ( nesvorn et...
[ { "content": "pablo picasso `` i paint objects as i think them , not as i see them '' recently , generative adversarial networks ( gans ) @xcite have shown significant promise in synthetically generate natural images using the mnist @xcite , cifar-10 @xcite , cub-200 @xcite and lfw datasets @xcite . however ...
[ { "content": "numerical simulations of lattice field theories are usually performed in the lagrangian formulation . \n nonetheless , we think there are very good reasons to develop numerical simulation techniques for the hamiltonian approach @xcite : powerful many - body techniques are available @xcite , whic...
[ { "content": "that the global properties of an extended system may be mapped to the boundaries is an idea that has found success in holographic theories of general relativistic systems @xcite , and in magnetically confined plasmas @xcite . \n we report on a similar behavior observed in incompressible hydrodynam...
[ { "content": "we introduced the notion of minor - embedding in adiabatic quantum optimization in @xcite . in particular \n , we showed that the np - hard quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem on a graph @xmath0 can be solved in an adiabatic quantum computer that implements the spin-1/2 ising hamil...
[ { "content": "in recent years there have been significant advances in the tomographic characterization of materials . as a result , it is now possible to carry out detailed investigations of the 3d grain structures of polycrystalline materials ; see , e.g. , @xcite . \n a fundamental ingredient in any such inve...
[ { "content": "in our current understanding of pulsar magnetospheres and radiation mechanisms , strongly magnetized rotating neutron stars play a central role . \n the underlying plasma processes like particle acceleration , pair creation and pulsed emission profiles throughout the whole electromagnetic spectrum...
[ { "content": "an @xmath0-hypergeometric system @xmath1 is a @xmath4-module determined by an integral matrix @xmath0 and a complex parameter vector @xmath5 . \n these systems are also known as _ gkz - systems _ , as they were introduced in the late 1980 s by gelfand , graev , kapranov , and zelevinsky @xcite . \...
[ { "content": "the discovery of a new class of superconductors based on iron pnictides has opened up the new prospects for the study of high - temperature superconductivity ( cf . \n reviews @xcite ) . \n the nature of superconductivity in these novel materials and other physical properties significantly differs...
[ { "content": "when complex systems join to form even more complex systems , the interaction of the constituent subsystems is highly random @xcite . \n the complex stochastic interactions among these subsystems are commonly quantified by calculating the cross - correlations . this method has been applied in syst...
[ { "content": "the top - quark physics is one of the most important topics at a next generation linear collider . near and above the threshold of a top quark and anti - top quark ( @xmath11 ) \n , there will be about @xmath12 pairs produced per one @xmath13 of integrated luminosity . \n thus a high luminosity li...
[ { "content": "in strong gravitational lensing of quasars , the separations between multiple images , @xmath5 , is the most important observable linking observations to theory . \n since the image separation is determined by the potential depth of the lens , the image separation distribution of lensed quasars of...
[ { "content": "rules express general knowledge about actions or conclusions in given circumstances and also principles in given domains . in the if - then format , rules are an easy way to represent cognitive processes in psychology and a useful means to encode expert knowledge . in another perspective , rules a...
[ { "content": "galaxy morphology is studied for the purpose of classification and analysis of the physical structures exhibited by galaxies in wide redshift ranges in order to get a better understanding of the structure and development of galaxies . while significant research has been done to study the morpholog...
[ { "content": "langevin dynamics@xcite is a modeling technique , in which the motion of a set of massive bodies in the presence of a bath of smaller solvent particles is directly integrated , while the dynamics of the solvent are `` averaged out '' . \n this approximation may lead to a dramatic reduction in comp...
[ { "content": "galaxy biasing \" clearly exists . the fact that galaxies of different types cluster differently ( \n , dressler 1980 ; lahav , nemiroff & piran 1990 , santiago & strauss 1992 ; loveday 1995 ; hermit 1996 ; guzzo 1997 ) implies that not all of them are exact tracers of the underlying mass distrib...
[ { "content": "the loewner differential equation was introduced by karl lwner @xcite ( who later changed his name to charles loewner ) to study properties of univalent functions on the unit disk . \n the differential equation is driven by a function that encodes in an ingeneous way continuous curves slitting th...
[ { "content": "core - collapse - supernovae ( cc - sne ) are believed to be the explosions that mark the end - point in the evolution of massive stars ( @xmath8 m@xmath9 ; see e.g. * ? ? ? \n they are spectroscopically divided in different groups according mainly to the presence of the h and he lines in their op...
[ { "content": "the nucleon electromagnetic form factors @xmath2 and @xmath3 are fundamental quantities in nuclear and elementary particle physics as they provide information on the spatial distributions of charge and magnetization within the nucleon . \n they are a function of the four - momentum transfer square...
[ { "content": "a quantum computer will allow to perform some algorithms much faster than in classical computers e.g. shor algorithm for the factorization the numbers @xcite . \n the basic elements in the quantum computation are qubits and quantum logical gates , which allow to construct any circuit to quantum al...
[ { "content": "lattice computations of the potential of a pair of static - light mesons ( in the following also referred to as @xmath0 mesons ) are of interest , because they constitute first principles determinations of a hadronic force . \n such potentials can e.g. be used as input for phenomenological calcul...
[ { "content": "most solid tumors eventually establish colonies in distant anatomical locations ; when these colonies become clinically detectable , they are called macrometastasis . while often there is a large burden from primary tumors , it is in fact metastatic disease that is responsible for most cancer fata...
[ { "content": "since the discovery of the giant magnetoresistance effect,@xcite research in spintronics has been developing at a fast pace . an important requirement for practical applications of this novel technology is the generation , control and manipulation of spin - polarized currents preferably using elec...
[ { "content": "in spite of the growing recognition that physics skills \n `` scholastic rigor , analytical thinking , quantitative assessment , and the analysis of complex systems '' @xcite are important for biology @xcite and pre - medical @xcite students , these students often arrive in physics classes skepti...
[ { "content": "recently it has been widely recognized that orbital degree of freedom plays an essential role for the understanding of novel magnetism in transition metal oxides @xcite . \n a typical material is manganese oxide , exhibiting remarkable colossal magneto - resistance phenomena @xcite . due to compet...
[ { "content": "spectral energy distributions ( seds ) have long been the primary method of understanding stars . \n colour magnitude diagrams , which can be quickly made from photometric data , enable one to explore various facets of stellar populations , such as stellar mass and evolutioanry state . however , ...
[ { "content": "the interest in equilibrium and dynamical properties of flux arrays in type ii superconductors originates both from their technological importance and the rich variety of behavior these systems exhibit under different physical conditions . in a classic paper abrikosov in 1957 @xcite showed that fo...
[ { "content": "in distributed storage systems , repair cost metrics include repair locality @xcite , repair bandwidth @xcite and disk - i / o @xcite . recently , locally repairable codes ( lrcs ) introduced by gopalan _ \n _ @xcite have attracted a lot of interest . \n the @xmath7th symbol @xmath17 of an @xmath3...
[ { "content": "the model of a crystal of point - like charges immersed in a uniform neutralizing background of opposite charge was conceived by wigner @xcite to describe a possible crystallization of electrons . \n these wigner crystals of electrons have much in common with coulomb crystals of ions with the unif...
[ { "content": "the apparently simplest model of space - time beyond minkowski space is de sitter space . \n its high ( maximal ) degree of symmetry makes it the typical framework to investigate quantum field theory outside flat space . \n + one of the essential ingredients of quantum field theory are the various...
[ { "content": "while properties and origin of the au - scale structure in the cold neutral medium ( cnm ) are still under debate , a possibly related new population of cnm clouds has been dicovered recently . using the westerbork radio telescope , \n braun & kanekar ( 2005 ) detected very weak hi absorption line...
[ { "content": "blazars are radio - loud active galactic nuclei characterized by polarized , highly luminous , and rapidly variable non - thermal continuum emission ( angel & stockmann 1980 ) from a relativistic jet oriented close to the line of sight ( blandford & rees 1978 ) . as such , \n blazars provide fortu...
[ { "content": "recently , the miniboone collaboration reported its results of searching for @xmath7 oscillations @xcite . in the experiment , the @xmath8 energy spectrum has a peak centered at 700 mev and extends to 3000 mev . for the oscillation range @xmath9 mev where @xmath10 is the energy of the produced neu...
[ { "content": "the intermittent small - scale dynamics of fully developed turbulence at very large reynolds numbers is believed to be more or less scale - invariant within the so - called inertial range , the latter being bound by the integral length scale @xmath0 and the dissipation length scale @xmath1 . \n co...
[ { "content": "for most of the life of a massive star cluster , two - body relaxation is the dominant physical mechanism driving its evolution ( e.g. * ? ? ? * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n that is , the cumulative effects of long - range gravitational interactions between stars act t...
[ { "content": "high-@xmath0 partons , produced in dense qcd matter , are expected @xcite to suffer a significant additional medium - induced energy degradation prior to hadronization in the vacuum . \n models based on this picture @xcite account for the main modifications of high-@xmath0 hadron production in n...
[ { "content": "recently , the h1 @xcite and zeus @xcite collaborations at hera presented data on the differential cross section @xmath5 of inclusive @xmath0 production in low-@xmath6 collisions , where @xmath7 and @xmath8 are the rapidity and transverse momentum of the produced @xmath0 mesons in the laboratory f...
[ { "content": "data compression is performed in all types of data requiring storage and transmission . \n it preserves space , energy and bandwidth , while representing the data in most efficient way [ 1 - 4 ] . \n there are numerous coding algorithms used for compression in various applications [ 1 - 3,5 - 18 ]...
[ { "content": "generalized parton distributions ( gpds ) @xcite ( see also @xcite for a recent review ) provide a means of parametrizing hadronic contributions to both exclusive and inclusive processes . \n they reduce in certain limits to form factors and to ( forward ) parton distributions . for a review on th...
[ { "content": "it is well known that the exclusive diffractive higgs production provides a very convenient tool for higgs searches at hadron colliders due to a very clean environment unlike the inclusive production @xcite . \n a qcd mechanism for the diffractive production of heavy central system has been propos...
[ { "content": "for physicists physics is a permanent inspiration for new discoveries . \n however , non - physicists often consider physics as a boring and old discipline , detached from everyday life . \n public often fails to realize the consequences of research in everyday applications , so it often considers...
[ { "content": "following the main text , the evolution operator associated with the embedding hamiltonian @xmath90 can be implemented via 4 control-@xmath91 gates ( @xmath92 ) , and a single qubit rotation @xmath93 . \n these gates act as @xmath94 with @xmath95 , and @xmath96 . the indices @xmath97 and @xmath98 ...
[ { "content": "symbiotic systems ( ss ) are generally composed by a white dwarf ( wd ) , a red giant ( rg ) star , and by circumstellar and circumbinary nebulae . \n gas and dust radiation from the nebulae appear throughout a large frequency range , from radio to x - rays . \n z andromedae ( z and ) binary syste...
[ { "content": "ultraluminous infrared galaxies ( uligs ) are the most luminous objects in the local universe ( their bolometric luminosities @xmath3 ) . \n the uligs are undergoing major dissipative collapses , which are probably triggered by mergers ( clements et al . \n 1996 ; murphy et al . 1996 ) . \n wheth...
[ { "content": "in recent years , the theoretical and experimental use of quantum systems to store , transmit and process information has spurred the study of how much of classical information theory can be extended to the new territory of quantum information and , vice versa , how much novel strategies and conce...
[ { "content": "a fractional brownian motion @xmath0 with hurst parameter @xmath2 is a continuous zero - mean gaussian process in @xmath3 with stationary increments and covariance function @xmath4 = \\tfrac{1}{2 } ( |t|^{2h } + |s|^{2h } - brownian motion , but a fractional brownian motion is not a semimarting...
[ { "content": "irc+10216 (= cw leo ) is a dusty , embedded carbon - rich long period variable presently undergoing an episode of intense mass - loss up to @xmath1m@xmath2/yr @xcite . \n it is the nearest object of its type ( 110 - 135pc ; * ? ? ? \n * ) and brightest in the thermal - ir , and is generally belie...
[ { "content": "castelnuovo - mumford regularity ( or just the regularity ) is something of a two - way study in the sense that it is a fundamental invariant both in commutative algebra and discrete geometry . \n the regularity is a kind of universal bound for measuring the complexity of a considered object ( a m...
[ { "content": "long before the development of cryptography and encryption , one of humankind s best techniques of secretly delivering a message was to hide the fact that a message was even delivered at all . a well - known example of this is from ancient times where one person would shave another s head and writ...
[ { "content": "since the suggestion of @xmath0 suppression as a signal of quark - gluon plasma ( qgp ) formation by matsui and satz @xcite in 1986 the problem of quarkonium dissociation in hot and dense strongly interacting matter has played a key role for qgp diagnostics in relativistic heavy - ion collision ex...
[ { "content": "graphene , a two - dimensional ( 2d ) crystal of carbon atoms tightly packed in a honeycomb lattice , is at the center of an ever growing research effort , due to its potential as a platform material for a variety of applications in fields ranging from electronics , to food packaging @xcite . in ...
[ { "content": "throughout this paper every graphs are simple . \n let us consider the following recursion of a graph polynomial . \n let @xmath2 and assume that @xmath3 satisfies the following recursion formula @xmath4 where @xmath5 denotes the following graph . \n we delete the vertices @xmath6 and @xmath7 from...
[ { "content": "understanding the physical mechanisms leading to heating of the solar atmosphere is one of the primary questions in solar physics and a long - standing puzzle . in recent years , the importance of partial ionization for the processes in solar plasma is becoming clear . \n it has been shown that th...
[ { "content": "purcell s widely - used ` model _ e. coli _ ' has a prolate ellipsoidal cell body bearing a single left - handed helical flagellum at one pole @xcite . \n its motion is described by three kinematic parameters : the swimming speed , @xmath0 , the body angular speed , @xmath3 , and the flagellum ang...
[ { "content": "understanding leading particle production is crucial to understand forward physics at hadron colliders and also cosmic ray physics @xcite . \n indeed , the interpretation of cosmic ray data is strongly dependent on the accurate knowledge of the leading baryon momentum spectrum and its energy depen...
[ { "content": "it was suggested long ago by witten@xcite that fundamental superstrings ( f - strings ) of macroscopic length could be observed in the form of cosmic strings . \n after the discovery of @xmath4-branes@xcite , it is natural to expect that a similar role could be played by other extended objects of ...
[ { "content": "to explain the cosmic acceleration found by the observations of type ia supernovae ( sne ia ) in 1998 @xcite , we usually introduce an exotic energy component with negative pressure to the right hand side of einstein equation . \n this exotic energy component which consists about 72% of the total ...
[ { "content": "networks with randomly distributed single walled carbon nanotubes ( swcnts ) are emerging as novel materials for various applications , particularly as electronic materials . \n @xcite this creates a need for the accurate determination of their fundamental electrical properties . \n swcnt networks...
[ { "content": "in an aqueous solution , the hydrophobic parts of amphiphilic molecules tend to separate themselves from water molecules by forming aggregates , such as micelles and microemulsion droplets . \n the simplest amphiphilic structure occurs if the polar and hydrophobic parts of the amphiphilic molecule...
[ { "content": "the quantum algorithms work much more efficiently than their classicalcounter parts due to quantum superposition and quantum interference . \n for example , consider the search of an item in an unsorted database containing @xmath0 elements . \n classical computation requires @xmath1 steps to carry...
[ { "content": "coherent photoproduction of neutral pions on nuclei , when the target nucleus remains in its ground state , are widely used in meson - nuclear physics . \n firstly , these reactions allow obtaining nuclear structure information . since the incident photon probes the entire nuclear volume , the cro...
[ { "content": "the concept of @xmath0 topological insulator was first introduced in a model for graphene @xcite , in the presence of both intrinsic and extrinsic ( rashba ) spin - orbit interactions ( called hereafter , kane - mele model ) @xcite . \n the origin of @xmath0 symmetry lies naturally in the time rev...
[ { "content": "the positron source for the international linear collider ( ilc ) is based on a helical undulator @xcite . before collisions , the accelerated electron beam passes the superconducting helical undulator and creates an intense circularly polarized multi - mev photon beam . \n the photons hit a posi...
[ { "content": "the development of waveguide optical amplifiers based on rare earth ( re ) doped silicon based matrix is of great interest for the semiconductor research community@xcite . \n erbium ions are particularly interesting due to an optical transition at @xmath9 which coincides with the maximum of transm...
[ { "content": "manipulating spin degrees of freedom of electrons in addition to charge degrees is at the forefront of current materials science @xcite . by utilizing the spin hall effect ( she ) @xcite and the inverse spin hall effect ( ishe)@xcite , \n a variety of novel phenomena are envisioned @xcite . \n for...
[ { "content": "the imaging atmospheric cherenkov technique ( iact ) was developed at the fred lawrence whipple observatory ( flwo ) resulting in the first very high energy ( vhe ; e @xmath0 100 gev ) detection of the crab nebula in 1989 @xcite . in the twenty years since that first publication \n there have been...
[ { "content": "the discovery of the first extrasolar planetary system stands as one of the key scientific and philosophical advances of the twentieth century . while the existence of other planetary systems had been postulated for several centuries ( dick , 1998 ) , and \n could even be regarded as likely , part...
[ { "content": "_ iscsi _ is a protocol designed to transport scsi commands over a tcp / ip network . \n + _ iscsi _ can be used as a building block for network storage using existing ip infrastructure in a lan / wan environment . \n it can connect different types of block - oriented storage devices to servers . ...