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[ { "content": "as experimental facilities supply fruitful data on nuclei far off the @xmath2-stability , it has been recognized that theoretical approaches to nuclear structure should be renewed in some respects . \n one of the key ingredients is wave - function asymptotics at large @xmath0 , which sometimes pro...
[ { "content": "future galaxy surveys will provide new opportunities to verify the current standard cosmological model , and also to constrain modified gravity theories , invoked to explain the present accelerated expansion of the universe . before studying general parametrizations of dark energy , its however im...
[ { "content": "[ cols=\"<,^ , < \" , ] \n there have long been concerns on the connection between skin friction and wall heat - transfer rate ( or simply , heat transfer ) , as macroscopically the two quantities are related respectively to the normal gradient of velocity and temperature , and microscopically the...
[ { "content": "self - trapping of three - dimensional ( 3d ) confined modes ( solitons or , more properly , solitary waves ) in optics @xcite , bose - einstein condensates ( becs ) @xcite , ferromagnetic media @xcite , superconductors superconductor - knot , semiconductors @xcite , baryonic matter low - energy ,...
[ { "content": "numerically solving the full 3d nonlinear einstein equations is , for several reasons , a daunting task . \n still , numerical relativity remains the best method for studying astrophysically interesting regions of the solution space of the einstein equations in sufficient detail and accuracy in or...
[ { "content": "circumbinary substellar objects , although anticipated for a long time , have only recently been identified around main - sequence binary stars @xcite . long before this however \n , claims have been made for circumbinary substellar objects around close white dwarf - main sequence binaries . initi...
[ { "content": "it has been known that the cosmological tests @xcite are a convenient method of studying cosmological gravitational fields . \n the most important of them are : magnitude - redshift relation ( hubble diagram ) , count of sources , angular size - redshift relation , etc . \n these tests allow one t...
[ { "content": "kinetically - constrained models are widely used in the study of jamming- and glass - transitions in amorphous materials @xcite . \n these lattice - gas ( or spin-@xmath2 ising ) models are characterized by having some local restricting set of rules for particle movement ( or spin flip ) . in spi...
[ { "content": "it was recently shown @xcite that a general kato - bloch matrix expansion can be applied to weakly - coupled quantum chains . \n this algorithm was used to study weakly - coupled heisenberg chains @xcite . \n the dmrg was used as the method of solution for an isolated chain and then again for the ...
[ { "content": "the accurate numerical simulation of fluid flow in porous media is important in many applications ranging from hydrocarbon production and groundwater flow to catalysis and the gas diffusion layers in fuel cells @xcite . \n examples include the behavior of liquid oil and gas in porous rock @xcite...
[ { "content": "hawking @xcite and @xcite showed in their seminal works that a black hole ( bh ) should slowly radiate away energy with its characteristic temperature and entropy . \n but the semi - classical picture of the hawking radiation has a thermal nature , which poses a fundamental physical problem . beca...
[ { "content": "in a recent paper moitsheki et al@xcite argued that a method based on lie algebras is suitable for obtaining the solution to nonlinear ordinary differential equations that appear in simple models for heat transfer . \n they compared the analytical solutions with other results coming from perturbat...
[ { "content": "the strange and antistrange quark distributions of the nucleon are of great interest . \n it has been known for some time that non - perturbative processes involving the meson cloud of the nucleon may break the symmetry between the strange and antistrange quark distributions . \n this asymmetry af...
[ { "content": "in the search for an extension of topological invariants from the non - interacting to the interacting case , the green s function has proved to be the fundamental tool @xcite . as shown in refs . \n the dressed one - particle green s function at zero frequency contains all the topological inform...
[ { "content": "( 4 ) of the main text , we give the result of @xmath124 for the special case that drift occurs along the @xmath2-direction ( @xmath65 ) and detection at @xmath66 ( @xmath67 ) . here , we provide the result for a general case : @xmath127 \\\\ - k_{\\mathrm{di},x } -2 k_{\\mathrm{dr},x }...
[ { "content": "this paper is the second in a series on cobordism ( = concordance ) groups of a natural class of high - dimensional links . \n chapter @xmath5 of the first work @xcite discusses background to the problem at greater length but we summarize here some of the key ideas . \n a knot is an embedding of ...
[ { "content": "describing the properties of infinite nuclear matter has long been an important benchmark for realistic models of the nuclear force and the applied many - body methods . \n recent calculations @xcite have shown that the ( goldstone ) linked - diagram expansion ( up to at least second order ) can p...
[ { "content": "the search for the surface gravity effect of the free translational oscillations of the inner core , the so - called slichter modes @xcite , has been a subject of observational challenge , particularly since the development of worldwide data from superconducting gravimeters ( sgs ) of the global g...
[ { "content": "several phenomena are often modeled by a continuous stochastic dynamics in which a noise term randomizes the motion of each degree of freedom . \n these noises can have a nontrivial structure . \n for example , hydrodynamic interactions between diffusing particles , due to the concerted motion of ...
[ { "content": "the _ left - handed metamaterial _ ( lhm ) with negative permittivity and negative permeability has attracted much attention @xcite and triggered the debates on the application of the left - handed slab as so - called `` superlenses '' @xcite . \n over 30 years ago , veselago @xcite , first propos...
[ { "content": "topological excitations represent a class of excitations of fundamental interest in many ordered phases in condensed matter like bose / bcs condensed quantum fluids , superconductors , crystals or nematic liquid crystals . starting from the works by onsager@xcite and by feynman@xcite \n a widely ...
[ { "content": "the recent advance of microwave wireless power transfer ( wpt ) technology enables to build wireless powered communication networks ( wpcns ) , where wireless devices ( wds ) are powered over the air by dedicated wireless power transmitters for communications @xcite . \n compared to conventional b...
[ { "content": "the higgs boson is the last particle of the standard model remaining to be confirmed experimentally . \n inclusive searches in decay channels such as @xmath0 , @xmath1 , @xmath2 , @xmath3 and associated production have been performed at the tevatron and are being started at the lhc . however the s...
[ { "content": "this text is a provisional version of a chapter on macdonald - koornwinder polynomials for volume 5 of the askey - bateman project , entitled `` multivariable special functions '' . \n the aim is to introduce nonsymmetric and symmetric macdonald - koornwinder polynomials and to present their basic...
[ { "content": "more than thirty years after the first discussions about a phase transition in qcd @xcite , only small portions of the phase diagram have been explored . \n although the complete phase diagram of qcd is of high dimensionality , experiments can at best explore a three dimensional section of the ful...
[ { "content": "the theory of the interactions of atoms with light began in the 1920s and 1930s with the description of a number of basic processes ; one of these is the kramers heisenberg formula @xcite which describes a process in which an electron absorbs and emits one photon . the corresponding feynman diag...
[ { "content": "if light sterile neutrinos exist , then this will lead to important implications for early universe cosmology . \n this is because ordinary - sterile neutrino oscillations generate large neutrino asymmetries for the large range of parameters , @xmath7@xcite . \n this is a generic feature of ordina...
[ { "content": "the solar wind is a highly turbulent plasma . \n this idea is supported by the power - law behavior of its observed energy spectra , which span nearly four decades in frequency , from large to small kinetic scales ( e.g. , @xcite ) . among other things , in situ measurements also reveal the presen...
[ { "content": "during the last two years , the sparse approximation theory benefited from a rapid development of methods based on the linear programming . \n the idea was to relax a sparse recovery problem to a convex optimization problem . \n the convex problem can be further be rendered as a linear program , a...
[ { "content": "the specification @xcite defines several services to forward events generated on _ update _ regions to a set of _ subscription _ regions . \n for example , consider a simulation of vehicles moving on a two - dimensional terrain . \n each vehicle may be interested in events happening inside it...
[ { "content": "primordial black holes ( pbhs ) , the possibility of whose formation was predicted in @xcite and @xcite , can give valuable information about processes in the early universe @xcite , in particular , about the shape of the perturbation spectrum on small scales @xcite . the quantum evaporation of lo...
[ { "content": "most of the explosive events observed in the diverse astrophysical environments require the sudden release of the energy contained in magnetically dominated plasmas . \n fast reconnection provides the mechanism by which the magnetic energy is channeled into heat and particle acceleration with time...
[ { "content": "in the search for the origin of electroweak symmetry breaking , strong coupling models are an alternative to the standard model higgs mechanism , or for weakly coupled theories based on supersymmetry . \n although classical technicolor@xcite suffers from major shortcomings , viable multiscale mode...
[ { "content": "we consider the same model that we discussed in the main text . namely we take a toy model where the dynamics is driven by @xmath43 for the first half period and @xmath44 for the second half period . \n the time - evolution operator for the single period @xmath93 is given by @xmath94 we show the t...
[ { "content": "the interiors of compact stars are considered as systems where high - density phases of strongly interacting matter do occur in nature , see shapiro and teukolsky @xcite , glendenning @xcite and weber @xcite for textbooks . \n the consequences of different phase transition scenarios for the coolin...
[ { "content": "in a multipartite quantum system , any completely positive ( cp ) map applied locally to one part does not affect the reduced density operator of the remaining part . \n this fundamental no - go result , called the `` no - signalling theorem '' implies that quantum entanglement @xcite does not ena...
[ { "content": "non - singular bouncing cosmology @xcite has become one of the important alternative scenarios of inflation @xcite as a description of the early universe . in terms of a bounce scenario \n , the universe travels from a contracting phase to an expanding phase through a non - vanishing minimal size ...
[ { "content": "it is a classical fact in complex geometry that the singular kummer surface @xmath5 attached to an abelian surface @xmath6 has sixteen rational double points , and an irreducible principal polarization embeds it as a quartic surface in @xmath4 , compare hudson s classical monography @xcite , or fo...
[ { "content": "closed 1-manifolds embedded locally flatly in the euclidean 3-space @xmath2 are called _ classical links _ , and closed 2-manifolds embedded locally flatly in the euclidean 4-space @xmath3 are called _ surface links_. a surface link whose each component is of genus zero ( resp . \n one ) is called...
[ { "content": "recently the icecube neutrino observatory @xcite for the first time showed the existence of high - energy cosmic neutrinos . \n since neutrinos are not deflected by magnetic fields in our universe , they should point back to their original source . \n this opens a new field in physics , the field...
[ { "content": "the task of recovering an unknown low - rank matrix from a small number of measurements appears in a variety of contexts . \n examples of this task are provided by collaborative filtering in machine learning @xcite , quantum state tomography in quantum information @xcite , the estimation of covari...
[ { "content": "one of the most remarkable results in statistical mechanics is the circle theorem of yang and lee @xcite who in 1952 established that zeroes of the partition function of the ferromagnetic ising model always lie on the unit circle in the complex @xmath7 plane , where @xmath8 is the reduced magnetic...
[ { "content": "the third catalog of @xmath0-ray agns detected by the energetic gamma - ray experiment telescope ( egret ) on the _ compton gamma - ray observatory ( cgro ) _ includes @xmath2 80 high - confidence identifications of blazars ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n glast has higher sensitivity than egret...
[ { "content": "the two neutron - capture processes , i.e. the ( slow ) s - process and the ( rapid ) r - process , occur under different physical conditions and are therefore likely to arise in different astrophysical sites . \n the dominant site of the s - process is thought to be the asymptotic giant branch ( ...
[ { "content": "over decades since the works of kaluza and klein the idea of extra dimensions enjoys constantly growing interest of the physical community . designed originally to serve the unification of the general relativity and maxwell electrodynamics it is now more fashionable to invoke the extra dimensions ...
[ { "content": "let @xmath5 be a @xmath1-vector space of dimension @xmath6 and let @xmath7 be a nilpotent endomorphism . let @xmath8 be the set of complete flags , i.e. maximal chains of subspaces @xmath9 . \n the set @xmath8 is a projective algebraic variety , called the _ \n flag variety_. let @xmath2 be the su...
[ { "content": "inflation is the standard paradigm for providing the initial conditions for structure formation and cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) anisotropy generation . in the inflationary picture , \n primordial adiabatic perturbations arise from quantum fluctuations of the _ inflaton _ scalar field which...
[ { "content": "observations of hot jupiters with hubble space telescope ( hst ) have revealed a diversity of atmospheres from clear to cloudy ( @xcite ) . in the near - infrared with wide field camera 3 ( wfc3 ) , significant water absorption features \n have been measured for a number of exoplanets ( e.g. , @xc...
[ { "content": "the history of underluminous sne ia is a typical example of the ever - recurring pattern in which knowledge about nature is accumulated . \n usually , in the beginning there is the observation of a phenomenon , followed by a successful theoretical explanation . \n however , as further experiments...
[ { "content": "in the last years , nanoelectromechanical systems ( nems ) have been a hot research topic both from the theoretical and the experimental point of view . \n @xcite combining electronic and mechanical degrees of freedom , nems have potentially important applications as fast and ultra sensitive dete...
[ { "content": "it has been recognized that in the strongly correlated electronic systems both the electron - phonon ( el - ph ) and electron - electron ( el - el ) interaction are enhanced and play important roles . in manganites , the colossal magneto - resistance ( cmr ) @xcite has been discussed from both poi...
[ { "content": "dose distributions of radiotherapy are represented by point doses at orthogonally arranged grids . in treatment - planning practice , \n the grid intervals are defined from a physical , clinical , and practical points of view , often resulting in cubic dimensions of a few millimeters . \n accuracy...
[ { "content": "the diffuse galactic emission ( dge ) arises from interactions of cosmic - rays ( crs ) with interstellar gas and radiation field in the galaxy . due to the smooth nature of the interstellar radiation field and the cr flux after propagation \n , the fine structure of the dge is determined by the s...
[ { "content": "the phase space of the galaxy s disk , as observed near the sun , contains substructure within the larger structures known as the thin and the thick disk . \n substructures include open clusters and stellar streams , also often referred to as moving groups . moving groups , as promoted by eggen \n...
[ { "content": "there is currently a great deal of interest in finite - temperature properties of hadronic resonances @xcite . recently , preliminary results for the @xmath0 meson mass spectrum in si+au collisions at lab energy 11.6 gev / nucleon were obtained at brookhaven s alternating gradient synchrotron ( a...
[ { "content": "in multipath fading channels , using multiple antennas at the transceivers is known to provide large capacity gains . \n such a capacity gain comes at the cost of high decoding complexity at the receiver . \n it is known that a high - complexity joint ml decoder can be employed at the receiver to ...
[ { "content": "first passage percolation was introduced by hammersley and welsh in @xcite . \n a detailed description of the model is given in section [ class ] . \n the theory can be roughly described as the study of the generic large - scale geometry of semimetric spaces , where the semimetric is allowed to va...
[ { "content": "it is well known that string theory can be formulated only in ten dimensions . \n hence , it is necessary to reconcile this prediction with our real world by compactifying extra - dimensions or by considering braneworld . \n intriguingly , in the context of the braneworld with large extra - dimens...
[ { "content": "recent advances in methods for trapping and controlling ultracold atoms have opened up the promising possibility of directly simulating strongly interacting many - body hamiltonians . \n these experimental systems can be used to engineer and analyze models that lie beyond the scope of present anal...
[ { "content": "even though the standard model ( sm ) of particle physics has been very successfully predicting or explaining most experimental results and phenomena , it still has a few outstanding problems with empirical observations . \n one is the origin of neutrino mass as inferred from neutrino oscillation ...
[ { "content": "it is well established that an important component of the intergalactic medium ( igm ) in clusters and groups of galaxies is the hot gas , observed in x - rays and characterized by temperatures in the range @xmath05 - 10 kev , by a central density of @xmath010@xmath1 cm@xmath1 and by a density dis...
[ { "content": "symplectic groupoids @xcite are lie groupoids with a compatible symplectic structure . their space of objects is naturally endowed with a poisson structure . in a sense , \n a symplectic groupoid is a good symplectic replacement for the base poisson manifold and is also related to its quantization...
[ { "content": "the event - by - event fluctuations of the transverse emission pattern of hadrons in high - energy collisions of identical heavy nuclei have recently attracted much interest experimentally @xcite and theoretically @xcite . when averaged over collision events , \n the azimuthal angular distribution...
[ { "content": "it is widely recognized that euclidean quantum gravity ( eqg ) is a lame duck in modern particle physics and cosmology . \n after its summit in early and late eighties ( in the form of the cosmological wavefunction proposals @xcite and baby universes boom @xcite ) the interest in this theory gradu...
[ { "content": "the specific model under study , is a 1-dimensional coupled map lattice of sine - circle maps with nearest neighbour diffusive symmetric normalized coupling ( also called future coupled laplacian coupling ) and periodic boundary conditions @xcite . \n this is defined by the evolution equation @...
[ { "content": "produced strange particles represent important probes of high - density nuclear matter formed in relativistic heavy - ion collisions . \n thus , because of the production thresholds , strangeness needs to be generated within early stages of a collision . due to their longer \n mean free path , the...
[ { "content": "this article is part of a larger program , which consists in devising and quantitatively analyzing numerical methods to approximate effective coefficients in stochastic homogenization of linear elliptic equations . \n more precisely we tackle here the case of a discrete elliptic equation with inde...
[ { "content": "recent observations of cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) anisotropies by various groups @xcite suggest that the universe began to expand at very high energies beyond the planck scale . \n there , spacetime would be totally fluctuating according to the laws of quantum mechanics . \n thus , quantu...
[ { "content": "the euclidean tsp with neighborhoods ( tspn ) is the following problem : given a set @xmath0 of @xmath1 regions ( subsets of @xmath2 ) , find a shortest tour that visits at least one point from each region . even for disjoint or connected regions , the tspn does not admit a ptas unless @xmath6 ...
[ { "content": "of interest to anglers seeking to fill their creels and children seeking to fasten their shoes , a wide audience has found knots compelling from time immemorial . in the scientific community , \n knots have been featured in initial formulations of the nature of atoms , @xcite ( see a popular histo...
[ { "content": "in non - commutative probability theory one is interested in finding generalisations of classical probabilistic concepts such as independence and processes with independent stationary increments . motivated by a central limit theorem result and by the analogy with classical brownian motion , m. bo...
[ { "content": "we study in this work a physical system of @xmath0 particles at positions @xmath4 , @xmath2 , with identical `` charge '' @xmath5 , subject to a confining potential @xmath6 coming from an external field and acting on each particle , and to an interaction potential @xmath7 $ ] acting on each pair o...
[ { "content": "in the search for new phenomena , one well - motivated extension to the standard model ( sm ) is supersymmetry ( susy ) . \n susy particles ( sparticles ) contribute to the higgs mass squared with opposite sign relative to the contributions of sm particles , and thus protect the weak mass scale , ...
[ { "content": "since the introduction of the gunn - peterson ( gp ) test by @xcite , a detailed knowledge about the physical state of the intergalactic medium ( igm ) has been gained from the study of the absorption features identified in the spectra of quasi - stellar objects ( qsos ) at restframe wavelengths @...
[ { "content": "an attractor in classical dynamics is , colloquially speaking , a ( invariant ) set of points to which all trajectories starting in its neighborhood ( more precisely , its basin of attraction ) converge . \n more precisely , an attractor can be defined as a closed set @xmath0 with the following pr...
[ { "content": "the internal dynamics of star - forming galactic molecular clouds is not yet understood . \n two central questions are ( 1 ) what prevents the clouds and their subcomponents from collapsing under their own weight ; and ( 2 ) what generates and controls the turbulent fluid velocities that broaden m...
[ { "content": "a high fraction of disc galaxies are lopsided , i.e. their gas and/or stellar component extend further out on one side of the galaxy than on the other ( baldwin , lynden - bell & sancisi 1980 ; block et al . \n 1994 ; richter & sancisi 1994 ; rix & zaritsky 1995 ; schoenmakers , franx & de zeeuw 1...
[ { "content": "x - ray pulsars most commonly occur as members of binary systems and their primary energy source is believed to be accretion from a donor star onto the neutron star . \n however , about a half dozen x - ray pulsars have been identified over the past decade that do not show the telltale doppler shi...
[ { "content": "[ [ section ] ] let @xmath18 be a real quadratic form of signature @xmath1 for @xmath19 . for @xmath20 , consider the level set @xmath21 : @xmath22 the variety @xmath21 is a cone ( @xmath23 ) a one - sheeted hyperboloid ( @xmath24 ) or a two sheeted hyperboloid @xmath25 depending on the signatu...
[ { "content": "the vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field manifest themselves through macroscopic casimir forces @xcite . \n these forces result from the radiation pressure exerted upon boundaries by the scattered fluctuations which depends upon the instantaneous and local value of the stress tensor . ...
[ { "content": "dynamo theory is an attempt to understand the process of magnetic field generation by self - inductive action in electrically conducting fluids . \n the theory has been used to explain the magnetic field generation in many celestial objects such as the sun , the earth and the galaxy . \n dynamo th...
[ { "content": "transition metal oxide ( tmo ) perovskites are known to be strongly correlated materials @xcite , whose properties are controlled by a complex interplay between geometric and electronic degrees of freedom . \n these are determined by considering the relative magnitude between various energy scales...
[ { "content": "it is safe to say that we are still a considerable distance from a satisfactory theory of quantum gravity . \n pursuit of this goal is taking place on many fronts , one of which involves working in a two dimensional setting . \n this furnishes a dynamically simplified framework for developing meth...
[ { "content": "quantum anharmonic oscillators appear in a wide variety of problems in molecular , nuclear or condensed matter physics . \n typically , anharmonic terms appear in expansions about a minimum of a potential , when ones tries to incorporate the non - linear features of the forces responsible for this...
[ { "content": "the transfer of a quantum state from one place to another is an important task in quantum information processing . \n a quantum state prepared by one party needs to be measured by another party at a distance . \n long distance communication between two parties , for example , in quantum key distri...
[ { "content": "have been extensively studied in the research community over the past few decades . \n the analysis of clouds and their features is important for a wide variety of applications . \n for example , it has been used for nowcasting to deliver accurate weather forecasts @xcite , rainfall and satellite ...
[ { "content": "bar visibility graphs are graphs for which vertices can be drawn as horizontal segments ( bars ) and edges can be drawn as vertical segments ( sightlines ) so that two bars are visible to each other if and only if there is a sightline which intersects them and no other bars . \n the study of bar v...
[ { "content": "the intrinsic , three - dimensional ( hereafter 3-d ) shape of clusters of galaxies is an important cosmological probe . \n the structure of galaxy clusters is sensitive to the mass density in the universe , so knowledge of this structure can help in discriminating between different cosmological m...
[ { "content": "for a complex number @xmath0 , let us define the _ \n @xmath0-polylogarithm _ function @xmath3 by the following series : @xmath4 which is absolutely convergent for @xmath5 . \n these functions appear in algebraic geometry , number theory , mathematical physics , applied mathematics and the t...
[ { "content": "the qcd phase diagram at nonzero temperature and baryon density has been the subject of numerous studies during the past few years @xcite . \n two regions of the phase diagram have been placed under special scrutiny . \n first , in the low temperature and high density domain , the ground state is ...
[ { "content": "the surface electromagnetic waves ( sew ) on plasma surface and plasma - like media ( gaseous plasma , dielectric and conducting media , etc . ) attract special attention of researchers due to their unique properties . \n first of all , due to its high phase and group velocities close to light spe...
[ { "content": "early - type galaxies form a remarkably homogeneous class of objects with a tight color - magnitude relation and a well defined fundamental plane . the small scatter in their colors ( bower , lucey & ellis 1992 , stanford , eisenhardt & dickinson 1998 , ) and mass - to - light ( m / l ) ratios ( c...
[ { "content": "one of the central questions framing the recent report by the committee on the assessment of and outlook for nuclear physics is _ `` how does subatomic matter organize itself?''_@xcite . \n remarkably , most of the fascinating phases that are predicted to emerge in this subatomic domain can not be...
[ { "content": "scientific research on gravitational wave is one of the most important subjects in physics . detecting gravitational wave \n directly is essential to verify general relativity in strong gravitational fields and explore high - energy particle physics phenomena in the early universe . in other words...
[ { "content": "near - infrared , long baseline interferometry is sensitive to the distribution of dust around the nearest young stars on scales of the order of 1 au , and provides a powerful probe of models of disks and envelopes of such stars . \n the herbig ae - be stars are pre - main sequence , emission line...
[ { "content": "gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) have two phases . a short prompt phase in which the emission is predominantly in the sub - mev range is followed by a multi - wavelength afterglow that can be observed up to several years after the prompt emission . according to the generally accepted internal - externa...
[ { "content": "the confinement of quantum systems in a specific superposition of states may lead to various quantum processes . in the realm of quantum optics , a particular interest \n is focused on this type of phenomena , namely , quantum interference phenomena allow to explain and observe various quantum eff...
[ { "content": "interplanetary networks ( ipns ) have played an important role in the studies of both cosmic gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) and soft gamma repeaters ( sgrs ) for over two decades . indeed , until the launch of _ bepposax in 1996 , the only way to derive arcminute positions for these objects was by co...
[ { "content": "hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy clusters , incorporating semi - analytic models for star formation and galactic feedback processes , show an appreciable level of inconsistency with observational results . \n this is particularly apparent in the simulated properties of intracluster ( ic ) gas ...
[ { "content": "one of the most intriguing questions in modern astrophysics concerns the formation of large scale structure in the early universe ( e.g. bahcall 1997 ) . \n although various scenarios have been developed within the context of modern cosmological models , the epoch and mechanism of the formation o...