Datasets:
mnsm92
/
article_summarization

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
text
listlengths
2
2
[ { "content": "the total production rate for taus at a hadron collider is not a useful quantity . \n taus must have significant transverse momentum ( @xmath0 ) in order to be observable . \n leptonic decays of taus will yield isolated electrons or muons that can be detected but these can also be directly produce...
[ { "content": "in a previous work@xcite , we introduced a new formalism where , instead of implementing a dynamical foliation by taking a spatial dependence of the fifth coordinate including its time dependence , we considered another extra dimension , the sixth dimension , making possible the implementation of ...
[ { "content": "the benchmarks for optimal performance of heat engines and refrigerators , under reversible conditions , are the carnot efficiency @xmath4 , and the carnot coefficient of performance @xmath5 respectively , where @xmath6 is the ratio of cold to hot temperatures of the reservoirs . for finite - time...
[ { "content": "lattice gases are arguably the simplest models for the simulation of classical physical systems . \n these models provide elementary microscopic dynamics whose hydrodynamic limits are , _ inter alia _ , the diffusion equation , burgers equation and the navier stokes equations @xcite . \n they als...
[ { "content": "it is well known that a potential difference @xmath0 is observed on a segment @xmath1 ( with a resistance @xmath2 ) of an asymmetric conventional metal loop @xmath3 ( with a resistance @xmath4 ) when a circular current @xmath5 is induced by the faraday s voltage @xmath6 in this loop . on the other...
[ { "content": "precise stellar flux standards are required for the calibration of the james webb space telescope ( jwst ) and for the interpretation of dark energy measures with the supernova ia technique . \n cohen et al . \n ( 1992a ) and , more recently , engelke et al . \n ( 2010 , epk ) recommend the use of...
[ { "content": "phase transition phenomena in spontaneously broken quantum field theories have long been a subject of importance and interest due to their wide range of possible applications , going from low energy phenomena in condensed matter systems to high energy phase transitions in particle physics and cosm...
[ { "content": "erds noticed @xcite that any graph @xmath3 with minimum degree @xmath4 at least @xmath5 contains a spanning , bipartite subgraph @xmath6 with @xmath7 . \n the proof for this fact is obtained by taking a maximal edge - cut , a partition of @xmath8 into two sets @xmath9 and @xmath10 , such that the ...
[ { "content": "the investigation of the specific heat @xmath2 is an important tool for understanding the nature of the superconductivity and anisotropy of the superconducting gap @xmath3 on the fermi surface @xmath4 . \n historically the relative specific heat jump @xmath5 was used to establish the bcs picture@x...
[ { "content": "the discovery of features in the x - ray spectra of the thermal emission spectra of the isolated neutron star 1e 1207 @xcite and three other isolated neutron stars has revived the interest in studies of medium-@xmath1 elements in strong magnetic fields . \n the reason is that the observed features...
[ { "content": "much interest has been aroused in wormholes since the morris - thorne article @xcite . \n these act as tunnels from one region of spacetime to another , possibly through which observers may freely traverse . \n wormhole physics is a specific example of solving the einstein field equation in the re...
[ { "content": "a monoidal model category is a quillen model category which is also a monoidal category in a compatible way @xcite . \n a monoidal model category has several additional features ; its homotopy category inherits a monoidal structure , moreover , under reasonable assumptions , monoids , modules and...
[ { "content": "the radio bright outer galaxy region ctb 102 ( @xmath1 ) was first cataloged by the @xcite radio survey of the galactic plane . \n the source is then mentioned in subsequent galactic radio surveys including @xcite where it is identified as kr 1 . using radio recombination line ( rrl ) observatio...
[ { "content": "a major goal of neutron star ( ns ) research has remained unrealized despite 30 years of effort - to determine the fundamental properties of the superdense matter in a ns interior , in particular its equation of state ( eos ) and composition . \n there are many approaches which can be employed in ...
[ { "content": "the success of models based on the relativistic mean field ( rmf ) @xcite approximation in describing structure phenomena , not only in nuclei along the valley of @xmath1-stability , but also in exotic nuclei with extreme isospin values and close to the particle drip lines , has also renewed the ...
[ { "content": "evolutionary games @xcite have recently received ample attention in the physics community , as it became obvious that methods of statistical physics can be used successfully to study also interactions that are more complex than just those between particles @xcite . \n broadly classified as statist...
[ { "content": "the theoretical expression for the angular two - point correlation function @xmath3 can be derived from its spatial counterpart @xmath4 by projection via the relativistic limber equation ( peebles 1980 ) : @xmath5 ^ 2 } , \\label{eq : limber}\\end{aligned}\\ ] ] where @xmath6 is the comoving rad...
[ { "content": "most of the neutron star low mass x ray binaries can be divided into two classes , z and atoll sources , based on the correlated behavior of their timing properties at low frequencies ( @xmath0 hz ) and their x ray spectral properties @xcite . \n both classes show quasi - periodic oscillations ...
[ { "content": "superfluidity represents the assembly of complex phenomena such as persistent currents , quantization of circulation , nonclassical rotational inertia , and topological excitations @xcite . \n gaseous bose - einstein condensates ( becs ) offer a testing ground for these phenomena because of their...
[ { "content": "the amount and the timing of appearance of the transcriptional product of a gene is mostly determined by regulatory proteins through biochemical reactions that enhance or block polymerase binding at the promoter region ( @xcite ) . considering that many genes code for regulatory proteins that can ...
[ { "content": "future device technology and quantum information processing may be based on spintronics @xcite , where one manipulates the electron s spin ( and not only its charge ) . here \n we address attempts to build mesoscopic spin filters ( or spin valves ) , which generate a tunable spin - polarized curre...
[ { "content": "ngc3801 is a nearby e / s0 galaxy at a distance of @xmath147.9 mpc , with the body of the galaxy being crossed by two main dust features ( heckman et al . \n 1986 ; verdoes kleijn et al . \n a warped dust lane lies along the optical minor axis while patchy dust filaments are seen on the eastern an...
[ { "content": "non - photonic single electron data @xcite , which present an indirect probe of heavy quark energy loss , have significantly challenged the underlying assumptions of jet tomography theory . \n a much larger suppression of electrons than predicted @xcite was observed in the @xmath2 gev region . `...
[ { "content": "holography is a new concept of the superstring theory based on the duality between gauge and supergravity theories , proposed by maldacena in 1997.@xcite the superstring theory with conformal and lorentz invariance has ten - dimensional space - time to avoid anomalies . \n its elemental degrees of...
[ { "content": "the allen brain atlas ( aba , @xcite ) put neuroanatomy on a genetic basis by releasing voxelized , _ in situ _ hybridization data for the expression of the entire genome in the mouse brain ( ) . \n these data were co - registered to the allen reference atlas of the mouse brain ( ara , @xcite ) . ...
[ { "content": "non - magnetic spin control is among the most rapidly developing topics of modern semiconductor spin physics . \n substantial progress has been achieved by application of the pump - probe technique to bulk semiconductors , quantum wells and quantum dots , where spins are created , manipulated and ...
[ { "content": "in recent years graphene@xcite has become one of the most attractive materials due to its unique properties such as high - mobility electron transport @xcite , the presence of room - temperature quantum hall effect@xcite , the strong lattice structure@xcite and the extremely high in - plane therma...
[ { "content": "numerical relativity has made enormous progress within the last few years . \n many numerical relativity groups now have sufficiently stable and accurate codes which can simulate the inspiral , merger , and ringdown phases of binary black hole coalescence . \n similarly , significant progress has ...
[ { "content": "understanding how crystalline solids form from fluid phases is a problem that both poses significant intellectual challenges and is a basic input for materials science @xcite . \n the standard picture implies that nanoscopic nuclei of the solid are formed due to spontaneous thermal fluctuations wh...
[ { "content": "gauge theory and gravity scattering amplitudes have a far richer structure than evident from their respective lagrangians . \n as one such example , in this talk we will describe a recently discovered duality between color and kinematic numerators of gauge - theory scattering amplitude diagrams @...
[ { "content": "based upon the second law of thermodynamics carnot proposed that every cyclic engines should consist of at least two reservoirs with two distinct temperatures , namely high and low temperature reservoirs . \n the former supplies entropy accompanying heat into the engine , while the latter absorbs ...
[ { "content": "this manuscript is dedicated to the memory of gerald e. brown who was my ph . \n d. thesis advisor , a mentor in my professional career and a lifelong friend . \n i first met gerry in the fall of 1972 when i was a graduate student in stony brook . \n he just returned from nordita . \n he summoned ...
[ { "content": "very recently the scientific community has paid a lot of attention in understanding the supercondictivity of the non - centrosymmetric superconductors , since the superconducting properties of such materials are expected to be unconventional @xcite . in a lattice with inversion symmetry , the orbi...
[ { "content": "simulations of the ism in a shearing box domain have shown that turbulence driven by sne leads to an amplification of the mean magnetic field . using the test - field method ( schrinner et al . \n @xcite ) , we derived transport coefficients relating the mean electromotive force to the mean magne...
[ { "content": "in recent decades , relaying transmission as well as network coding have attracted increasing attention as these two techniques can well exploit cooperative diversity / network coding gain to improve network performance in terms of metrics of interest @xcite-@xcite . \n two - way relay channel , a...
[ { "content": "the similar age of the stars in open clusters make them vital objects for the study of stellar evolution \n . however , for such studies , it is essential to separate the field stars from the cluster members . proper motions ( pms ) of the stars in the region of open clusters provide a unique poss...
[ { "content": "one of the outstanding questions in contemporary astronomy is the origin of hecrs ranging from below the knee of the cosmic - ray spectrum at @xmath4 ev to the highest energies exceeding @xmath5 ev . \n ultra - high energy cosmic rays ( uhecrs ) , defined here as cosmic rays ( crs ) with energies ...
[ { "content": "electroexcitation of nucleon resonances has long been recognized as a sensitive tool in exploring the complex nucleon structure at varying distances scales . \n mapping out the transition helicity amplitudes will tell us a great deal about the underlying quark or hadronic structure . \n most of th...
[ { "content": "high power in a narrow frequency band ( spectral lines ) are common features of an interferometric gravitational wave ( gw ) detector s output . \n although continuous gravitational waves could show up as lines in the frequency domain , given the current sensitivity of gw detectors it is most like...
[ { "content": "recently , tiocl was proposed to be a quasi - one - dimensional ( 1d ) @xmath2 quantum spin system , that develops a spin - peierls state at low temperatures.@xcite the spin - peierls state is now well established by the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility ( @xmath3 ) , that is z...
[ { "content": "silicon is mostly locked in sis , sio and sic@xmath1 in the circumstellar envelope ( cse ) of the carbon - rich star irc+10216 , as evidenced observationally and predicted by models @xcite . \n these molecules are efficiently formed in the gas phase , close to the stellar photosphere as a conseque...
[ { "content": "phase transitions are amongst the most remarkable and ubiquitous phenomena in nature . \n they involve sudden changes in measurable macroscopic properties of systems and are brought about by varying external parameters such as temperature or pressure . \n familiar examples include the transitions ...
[ { "content": "tunneling in a magnetic field is a matter of investigation for many years . \n the magnetic field can influence tunneling across a potential barrier in two different ways . \n first , the magnetic field can modify an underbarrier motion related to a classically forbidden region . \n studies of thi...
[ { "content": "measurements of @xmath4 in semileptonic decays , @xmath5 in @xmath0@xmath1 mixing , and @xmath6 from cp violation in @xmath2@xmath3 and @xmath0@xmath1 mixing have firmly established the existence of a cp - violating phase in the ckm matrix . \n the present situation , often referred to as the `` s...
[ { "content": "zebrafish ( danio rerio ) of the ab and ab / tl genetic background were maintained , raised and staged as previously described @xcite . for protein over - expression in germ cells , \n the mrna was injected into the yolk at one - cell stage . \n capped sense rna was synthesized with the mmess...
[ { "content": "plasma - carbon interaction yields small hydrocarbon molecules on divertor region of a nuclear fusion device@xcite . diffusing from divertor region to core plasma region of fusion device , \n generated hydrocarbon takes energy from the core plasma . \n reduction of hydrocarbon diffusing from diver...
[ { "content": "the main aim of the series ` paris cosmology colloquia ' , in the framework of the international school of astrophysics * ` daniel chalonge ' * , is to put together real cosmological and astrophysical data and hard theory approach connected to them . \n the chalonge paris cosmology colloquia bring...
[ { "content": "galaxy scaling relations , such as the fundamental plane , and its various projections , and the colour - magnitude relation have been used to enhance our understanding of galaxy structure and evolution . \n early - type galaxies , in particular , form a relatively homogeneous population and hence...
[ { "content": "compact diode - pumped sources of the femtosecond pulses tunable within the wavelength range between 2 and 3 @xmath0 m are of interest for various applications , such as laser surgery , remote sensing and monitoring , spectroscopy of semiconductors etc . to date \n only cryogenically operated pb -...
[ { "content": "the superconductivity is the intrinsic capacity of certain materials that allows to conduct electric currents without resistance and losses of energy in specific conditions . in 1911 \n it was discovery by heike kamerlingh onnes@xcite when observed the electric resistance of the mercury disappear ...
[ { "content": "the transport of biologically or chemically active substances by a fluid flow is a problem of great geophysical relevance . \n important examples arise in the study of atmospheric advection of reactive pollutants or chemicals , such as ozone , n@xmath0o @xcite , or in the dynamics of plankton popu...
[ { "content": "studying the finite temperature phase transition of lattice qcd and the equation of state near this transition requires an understanding of the zero quark mass limit , where molecular dynamics methods fail completely @xcite . even at realistic values of the @xmath4 and @xmath5 quark masses \n , th...
[ { "content": "it is useful to begin by recalling the basic assumptions and observations that lead us to the concept of the extragalactic cosmic background radiation , as opposed to radiation surface brightness that may be some highly variable function of position and direction . \n deep counts of objects detect...
[ { "content": "strongly correlated electron systems in low dimensions are of fundamental interest due to their fascinating properties resulting from strong quantum fluctuations @xcite . especially in the case of the high - t@xmath20 cuprate superconductors , the role of quantum fluctuations is heavily debated . ...
[ { "content": "since its discovery , spin glass has been considered as a third distinct type of low - temperature magnetic arrangement in solids , in addition to ferromagnetic and anti - ferromagnetic @xcite . in spin glass , spins are disordered , prompting the term `` glass '' , and give zero net magnetic mome...
[ { "content": "mesonic lagrangians are often used to describe the decays and the spectral functions of resonances listed in the pdg @xcite . \n such lagrangians make use of some symmetries of the underlying qcd ( such as flavor or chiral symmetry ) , e.g. chiral perturbation theory @xcite and ( extended ) sigma ...
[ { "content": "this work deals with a one dimensional inelastic kinetic model , introduced in @xcite , that can be thought of as a generalization of the boltzmann - like equation due to kac ( @xcite ) . \n motivations for research into equations for inelastic interactions can be found in many papers , generally...
[ { "content": "wormholes are hypothetical handles or tunnels in spacetime linking widely separated regions of our universe or entirely different universes . \n morris and thorne @xcite proposed the following line element for the wormhole spacetime : @xmath0 using units in which @xmath1 . here \n @xmath2 is calle...
[ { "content": "the proton magnetic form factor at large momentum transfer has been extensively analyzed within perturbative quantum chromodynamics ( pqcd ) over the last decade @xcite . \n the theoretical basis of these calculations is the hard scattering formula @xcite in which the proton form factor is gener...
[ { "content": "lattice calculations of quantum chromodynamics ( qcd ) give firm evidence that nuclear matter undergoes a phase transition to a plasma state at a certain temperature @xmath0 of about 170 to 180 mev . \n calculations have been performed at a chemical potential @xmath1 . \n recent results are for st...
[ { "content": "semiclassical general relativity predicts violations of the point - wise energy conditions associated with negative energy phenomena such as warp drives , traversable wormholes@xcite , and even _ _ time machines__@xcite . \n however , the same theory can be used to constrain the magnitude and dura...
[ { "content": "more than half of the disk galaxies in the universe have central bars @xcite . \n n - body simulations show that bars form naturally in disk galaxies , and play a crucial role in their formation and evolution @xcite . \n there is now abundant evidence that our own galaxy is barred ( see review by ...
[ { "content": "the objective of the work described here has been to develop a general purpose parallel lattice - boltzmann code ( lb ) , called _ \n ludwig _ , capable of simulating the hydrodynamics of complex fluids in 3-d . \n such a simulation program should eventually be able to handle multicomponent fluids...
[ { "content": "astronomical observation of emission from the @xmath9 transition at 4.83 ghz ( 6 cm ) of the formaldehyde ( h@xmath0co ) molecule is exceedingly rare . \n only four galactic sources have been observed to emit : three of these sources have been shown to be masers . the h@xmath0co 6 cm emission i...
[ { "content": "the existence of complete non flat minimal surfaces with bounded coordinate functions , has been the instigator of many interesting articles on the theory of minimal surfaces in @xmath4 and @xmath3 over the last few decades . \n the question of whether there exists a complete bounded complex subma...
[ { "content": "according to the geometric invariant theory introduced by mumford @xcite , the _ git quotient _ @xmath0 of an action of a complex reductive group @xmath1 on a projective variety @xmath2 equipped with a polarization ( ample equivariant line bundle ) has coordinate ring equal to the @xmath1-invarian...
[ { "content": "we represent the residues of the membrane protein as single beads centered in their @xmath0 positions . \n adjacent beads are tethered together into a polymer chain by a harmonic potential with the average @xmath62 distance along the chain equal to @xmath63 . \n the membrane is described simply by...
[ { "content": "luc moreau is a postdoctoral fellow of the fund for scientific research - flanders . work done while a recipient of an honorary fellowship of the belgian american educational foundation , while visiting the princeton university mechanical and aerospace engineering department . \n this paper presen...
[ { "content": "in this paper , we present a formal analysis of electromagnetic ( em ) radiative corrections to @xmath0 transitions .. see however ref . \n @xcite ] only em corrections to the dominant octet nonleptonic hamiltonian are considered . \n such corrections modify not only the original @xmath3 amplitude...
[ { "content": "the recent progress of radioactive nuclear beam facilities has provided us with marvelous findings in nuclear physics . \n exotic structures such as neutron halos @xcite and neutron skins @xcite have been found in experimental studies of light unstable nuclei in the neutron - rich region . \n much...
[ { "content": "in the local universe , the star formation surface density is determined by the molecular gas surface density ( e.g. larson 1992 ) . \n recent studies have shown that this relation probably holds at higher redshift ( @xmath15 ) as well ( e.g. tacconi et al . \n 2013 ; genzel et al . 2015 ) , sug...
[ { "content": "recent advances in wireless communications and microelectronic devices are leading the trend of research toward cognitive radios ( crs ) @xcite . \n the main feature of crs is the opportunistic usage of spectrum . \n cr systems try to improve the spectrum efficiency by using the spectrum holes in ...
[ { "content": "quantum key distribution ( qkd ) involves the generation of a shared secret key between two parties via quantum signal transmission [ 1 ] , [ 2 ] . \n ( among other possible terms , we will often use the more appropriate generation \" in lieu of distribution , \" ignoring their fine distinction ...
[ { "content": "the study of front propagation of a stable phase into an unstable one encompasses several issues of great interest @xcite as flame propagation in gases @xcite , population dynamics of biological communities ( plankton in oceans ) @xcite and chemical reactions in liquids @xcite . \n a common featur...
[ { "content": "all core collapse events with adequate spectropolarimetric observations have proven to be polarized and hence to depart from spherical symmetry in some substantial way ( wang et al . \n 2001 , 2003 ; leonard et al . 2001a , b , 2006 ) . \n much of the spectropolarimetry shows a tendency for the da...
[ { "content": "successful models for describing energy spectra , transition strengths and other nuclear phenomena usually work well in one region of a shell but not in others . \n for example , the random phase approximation ( rpa ) @xcite is a reasonable theory for describing properties of nuclei near closed sh...
[ { "content": "the transport properties of a mesoscopic system are manifested in the evolution of its locally conserved quantities , such as particle and energy densities , following a quench from a non - uniform state . in its simplest form , \n one prepares an isolated system in an initial state at time @xmath...
[ { "content": "it is inherent to the lattice approach to quantum field theory , that one has to extrapolate from finite lattices , finite statistics and non - critical coupling parameters to infinite lattices , infinite statistics and critical points . since the result supposedly is a non - trivial , non - pertu...
[ { "content": "the embedding of supersymmetric gauge theories in a string framework using systems of d - branes has been very fruitful and inspiring for many developments . for example , the famous ads / cft correspondence @xcite is rooted in the realization of the @xmath7 super yang - mills ( sym ) theory by me...
[ { "content": "compounds of the @xmath1 family ( @xmath2 rb , cs ; @xmath3 mn , fe , co , ni , cu , v ; @xmath4 cl , br , i ) figure prominently in the study of phase transitions in low dimensional systems . much of the interest in the magnetic field behavior of compounds like cscucl@xmath0 arises because th...
[ { "content": "line driven winds ( ldws ) occur in various astronomical objects , like ob and wolf - rayet stars , in accretion disks in cataclysmic variables and , probably , in active galactic nuclei and luminous young stellar objects . \n these winds are powered by absorption and re - emission of photospheric...
[ { "content": "when quantum particles interact by a short - range potential with a scattering length much larger than the potential range , they may form universal bound states whose properties are independent of microscopic physics @xcite . besides universal @xmath2-boson bound states in one dimension @xcite ...
[ { "content": "according to thomson s theorem @xcite , given a certain number of conductors , each one with a given charge , the charges distribute themselves on the conductor surfaces in order to minimize the electrostatic energy . \n thomson s result has been applied several times in the literature . in partic...
[ { "content": "the @xmath6 interaction near threshold is strongly attractive , in agreement with the existence of the unstable bound state @xmath7 below the @xmath8 threshold . \n the @xmath0-nucleus interaction is also strongly attractive , as derived from the strong - interaction shifts and widths in kaonic - ...
[ { "content": "recent nlo chiral model calculations of near - threshold @xmath7 dynamics , reproducing the siddharta measurement of atomic @xmath1 hydrogen @xmath8 level shift and width @xcite , have been discussed by hyodo @xcite . \n the @xmath5-induced strong energy dependence of the scattering amplitudes @xm...
[ { "content": "the problem of the transcritical flow of a bec through the penetrable barriers has been under recent active investigations @xcite . \n the damping processes for the superfluid flow moving through the barrier are of a fundamental interest . in multidimensional case above some critical velocity of ...
[ { "content": "young planets can experience strong gravitational interactions with surrounding gas residing in a protoplanetary disk @xcite . \n these interactions can lead to structural changes in a disk through the launching of waves that can result in shocks and gap formation . \n they can also lead to change...
[ { "content": "young s experiment , originally the definitive proof of the wave nature of light , commands an essential role in the discussion of the foundations of quantum mechanics . \n for example , in the bohr - einstein - dialogue @xcite , the double - slit experiment was used as a gedanken experiment with ...
[ { "content": "since the theory of nucleation phenomena was introduced a long time ago @xcite , the question under which conditions the `` conventional theory '' of nucleation is accurate has been debated ( see e.g. @xcite ) and this debate continues until today . for the simplest case of homogeneous nucleation ...
[ { "content": "while general relativity and quantum mechanics are successful in their applicability domains , it seems that there is a fundamental incompatibility between them in order to find the so - called quantum theory of gravity . \n such a theory , not completely formulated so far , would reasonably descr...
[ { "content": "entanglement is a genuine quantum correlation between two or more parties , with no analogue in classical physics . during last decades \n it has been recognized as a fundamental tool in several quantum information protocols , such as quantum teleportation @xcite , quantum cryptography @xcite and ...
[ { "content": "despite the eternal doubts whether social phenomena can be described quantitatively @xcite , mathematical modeling of interpersonal relations has long tradition @xcite . \n the idea is tempting : a bottom - up path from understanding to control and predict our own behaviour seems to promise a high...
[ { "content": "let @xmath6 be a banach space , @xmath7 be a compact set , and @xmath8 be a mapping of @xmath7 onto a finite - dimensional space @xmath9 @xcite . \n let @xmath10 be @xmath11-dimensional subspaces of the linear space @xmath12 the kolmogorov width @xmath13 is defined by @xmath14 where the outer i...
[ { "content": "physicists have long speculated that the fundamental constants might not , in fact , be constant , but instead might vary with time . \n dirac was the first to suggest this possibility @xcite , and time variation of the fundamental constants has been investigated numerous times since then . among ...
[ { "content": "the inflationary paradigm was originally motivated by its ability to solve the `` initial conditions '' problems associated with the standard model of the big bang @xcite . \n however it was quickly realised that an inflationary epoch would also produce primordial density perturbations and may be...
[ { "content": "in cosmology , the standard cosmological model ( @xmath0cdm model ) is an effective theory which well describes the current universe in the accelerating phase of the expansion . \n all the astronomical observations of supernovae snia and measurements of cmb favor this model over the alternatives b...
[ { "content": "understanding how information is stored in a quantum system and how it can be extracted is one of the main goals of quantum information science . \n because quantum mechanics is often counter - intuitive , this goal is as challenging as it is promising . \n historically , the existence of quantum ...
[ { "content": "after the lhc s run 1 and beginning of run 2 , we are now more confident that the observed @xmath10 gev scalar boson is the long sought higgs boson of the standard model ( sm ) @xcite . however , although its brilliant success in describing particle physics , still many pressing questions are awai...
[ { "content": "although interstellar extinction has been discussed in many papers and quantitatively determined by dedicated missions ( iue , 2mass and others ) , there is a lack of proper handling in the field of eclipsing binaries . \n the usually adopted approach is to calculate the amount of reddening from t...
[ { "content": "the two - way relay network shown in figure [ fig : relay ] . \n user @xmath0 requires an approximate copy @xmath1 of the data @xmath2 from user @xmath3 , and user @xmath3 requires an approximate copy @xmath4 of the data @xmath5 from user @xmath0 . \n the users are physically separated and direct...