Datasets:
mnsm92
/
article_summarization

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
 Community
1
text
listlengths
2
2
[ { "content": "this work was done together with georges ripka and wojciech broniowski . \n solitons corresponding to baryons have been found in several chiral quark models . \n many of these solutions turn out to be unstable against collapse unless additional constraints are introduced in the model . \n the well...
[ { "content": "i would first like to thank my supervisors hani mehrpouyan and alexandre graell i amat for their support and guidance during the whole thesis process . \n i highly appreciate their attitude towards me . \n they have taught me how an academic should approach the problems in the field of research . ...
[ { "content": "the observational evidence for an acceleration of the expansion of the universe is now overwhelming , although the precise cause of this phenomenon is still unknown ( see , e.g. , @xcite for recent reviews ) . in this concern , and besides the need for more accurate estimates of cosmological param...
[ { "content": "diamond cavity optomechanical devices are an attractive platform for controlling interactions between light , vibrations , and electrons that underly future hybrid quantum technologies @xcite . \n their potential arises from diamond s exceptional mechanical and optical properties @xcite combined w...
[ { "content": "we assume basic familiarity with hopf algebras , as found in the opening chapters of the book @xcite . \n let , be a pair of dual hopf algebras over a field @xmath3 . \n this means that there is a nondegenerate pairing @xmath4 for which the structure of @xmath5 is dual to that of @xmath6 and vice...
[ { "content": "in classical physics one has time symmetric dynamical equations with time asymmetric boundary conditions @xcite . \n these time asymmetric boundary conditions come in pairs : given one time asymmetric boundary condition , its time reversed boundary condition can also be formulated mathematically ...
[ { "content": "in linear algebra it is frequently necessary to use non - linear objects such as minimal and characteristic polynomials since they encode fundamental information about endomorphisms of finite - dimensional vector spaces . \n it is well - known that if @xmath2 is a field and @xmath3 is a zero - dim...
[ { "content": "one of the most common problems in astrophysics is the classification of astronomical sources based on their colors and magnitudes in a given photometric system . \n when high spectral resolution data ( or a large number of photometric bands covering the source sed ) are available , this classific...
[ { "content": "the spectra of high - redshift quasars suggest that cosmic reionization was completed by @xmath9 @xcite , and recent measurements of the kinetic sunyaev - zeldovich effect constrain the duration of this process to @xmath10 @xcite . \n the galaxy population at @xmath1 may in principle be sufficient...
[ { "content": "the study of outflows in cataclysmic variables ( cvs ) was born in the iue era . \n iue ultraviolet spectra of luminous cvs novalikes ( nls ) and dwarf novae ( dn ) in outburst showed high ionization uv transitions , particularly of civ @xmath01548,1552 , siiv @xmath01393,1402 and nv @xmath01...
[ { "content": "in a recent communication m.m . block and f. halzen @xcite ( hereafter referred to as bh ) have presented some critical comments on our analysis @xcite ( hereafter fms ) . \n some points raised by these authors have already been addressed and discussed in our subsequent work @xcite ( hereafter fms...
[ { "content": "since the seminal work of koenker and bassett ( 1978 ) , quantile regression has received substantial scholarly attention as an important alternative to conventional mean regression . indeed , there now exists a large literature on the theory of quantile regression ( see , for example , koenker ...
[ { "content": "the exosphere is the upper layer of any planetary atmosphere : it is a quasi - collisionless medium where the particle trajectories are more dominated by gravity than by collisions . above the exobase , the lower limit of the exosphere , \n the knudsen number @xcite becomes large , collisions beco...
[ { "content": "the susy n=1 kdv model is related to the following l - operator : @xmath1 where @xmath2 , @xmath3 , @xmath4 are the chevalley generators of twisted affine lie superalgebra @xmath5 , @xmath6 is a superderivative , the variable @xmath7 lies on a cylinder of circumference @xmath8 , @xmath9 is a grass...
[ { "content": "it is well - recognized that the competition between the single - ion kondo effect and the ruderman - kittel - kasuya - yosida ( rkky ) interaction , the two inevitable forces in any kondo systems with more than one local impurity magnetic moment , plays a crucial role in correlated systems rangin...
[ { "content": "in the past decade , carbon nanotubes ( cnts ) have been studied extensively because of their unconventional properties from both the fundamental research and application point of view @xcite . for the application to nanoscale electronic devices , \n researchers have fabricated various forms of c...
[ { "content": "a new generation of radio telescopes will map the polarization of cosmic radio sources over a large range of wavelengths , from a few centimetres to several metres . \n since the plane of polarization of a linearly polarized wave is rotated by an amount that depends on the magnetic field and free ...
[ { "content": "nonequilibrium systems with similar symmetries often form patterns which appear to be universal in spite of having been formed by different physical mechanisms @xcite . in particular , reduced descriptions of the patterns often quantify the similarities in behavior so that understanding of one sys...
[ { "content": "the serpens cloud is a low mass star - forming cloud in the gould belt . \n the cloud is known for its high star formation rate ( sfr ) and high surface density of young stellar objects ( ysos ) ( eiroa et al . \n a 10 deg@xmath3 optical extinction ( a@xmath6 ) map made by cambresy ( 1999 ) origin...
[ { "content": "low mass x - ray binaries ( lmxbs ) are considered to be the progenitor of the millisecond pulsars detected in the radio band ( see @xcite for an extensive review ) . \n it is widely believed that the weakly magnetized , slowly rotating neutron star is gradually spun - up through the transfer of a...
[ { "content": "the minimal @xmath0 extension of the standard model ( sm ) , which is based on the gauge group @xmath2 , provides a satisfactory explanation for the non - zero neutrino masses @xcite . in this class of models , \n sm singlet fermions are naturally introduced in order to cancel the associated anoma...
[ { "content": "a combined system is said to be entangled when its state can not be expressed as a product of states corresponding to the individual sub systems @xcite . \n the entangled systems have interesting properties such as non - locality and contextuality which make them a great resource for various quant...
[ { "content": "frustrated magnetism in kagome heisenberg antiferromagnetic systems ( khaf ) has been a major subject in condensed matter physics due to their unconventional , exotic ground states which emerge from the interplay between geometrical frustration and low - dimensional quantum effects.gfm2005,gfm2011...
[ { "content": "the symmetry and the dimensionality are important factors to determine the universality class of critical phenomena . \n the @xmath2 symmetry is the simplest among the continuous symmetry , and statistical models with the @xmath2 symmetry has been studied intensively . a natural question \n then w...
[ { "content": "stellar processing is the main evolutionary process affecting the cosmos . \n nucleosynthesis and mass return to the interstellar medium modify the chemical composition of the universe and the fraction of mass bound in stars . \n star formation dominates the present - day radiation field , and mos...
[ { "content": "a celebrated invariant of a knot @xmath3 in 3-space is its _ \n function _ @xmath4 defined for complex numbers of absolute value @xmath5 , and taking values in the set of integers . \n the signature function of a knot is a concordance invariant , and plays a key role in the study of knots via surg...
[ { "content": "there is still no agreement about the nature of the low - temperature phase of the ising spin glass , which is defined by the hamiltonian @xmath5 the spins can take the values @xmath6 , and the nearest - neighbour couplings @xmath7 are independent from each other and are most often chosen to be ga...
[ { "content": "neutrino interactions with plasma are very important to understand supernova explosions and many other astrophysical phenomena @xcite \n . two types of effects arise from such interactions . \n first , they modify the neutrino flavor oscillations @xcite , and introduce a resonant coupling between ...
[ { "content": "it is by now well established that the physics associated with classical and quantum fields in curved spacetimes can be reproduced , within certain approximations , in a variety of different physical systems the so - called `` analogue models of general relativity ( gr ) '' @xcite . \n the simpl...
[ { "content": "in spite of the considerable efforts to explain the experimental raman spectra of cuprate superconductors , the @xmath0 superconducting response is not yet completely understood . it has been shown that the theoretical description of the @xmath0 raman response was very sensitive to small changes i...
[ { "content": "graph theory has recently reveived increasing attraction for applications to complex systems in various disciplines ( gernert 1997 , paton 2002a , b , bornholdt and schuster 2003 ) . \n the characterization of systems ( with interrelated constituents ) by graphs ( with linked vertices ) is compara...
[ { "content": "combining published data with high - quality vlt / fors spectroscopy of sample of fornax s0s ( bedregal et al . \n 2006a ) we have carried out a combined study of the tully - fisher relation and the stellar populations of these galaxies . despite the relatively small sample and the considerable te...
[ { "content": "streamer discharges determine the early stages of sparks and lightning ; they occur in various ionizable media in a large range of pressures and temperatures . in corona applications , \n they are widely used for surface charging in copiers and printers , for the removal of dust in electric precip...
[ { "content": "hubble ( 1936 ) introduced lenticular ( s0 ) galaxies as a morphological transition class between ellipticals and early - type spirals . \n the lenticular galaxies have disks with luminosity ranging from ten to hundred percent of the bulge luminosity , but without any conspicuous spiral arms . fro...
[ { "content": "a recent influx of academic monographs @xcite and popular books @xcite manifests a keen cultural and scientific interest in complex networks , which appeal to both applied and theoretical problems in national defense , sociology , epidemiology , computer science , statistics , and mathematics . \n...
[ { "content": "functional equations play a very important role in the theory of zeta and @xmath0-functions . in the case of the most classical riemann zeta - function @xmath1 , \n riemann proved the beautiful symmetric functional equation @xmath2 this symmetry , however , does not remain when we consider the hur...
[ { "content": "it is a remarkable fact that the entropy of a black hole can be understood in terms of the surface area of its horizon @xcite . \n why is there such a connection between the size of the hole and its entropy ? in this paper \n we make a small observation that might be relevant to this connection . ...
[ { "content": "the nuclear rotation is one of the most typical collective motions in nuclei @xcite . \n its semiclassical nature makes it possible to introduce the classical concepts like the rotational frequency and the transformation to the rotating frame , which are very useful to analyze the high - spin rot...
[ { "content": "a novel type of extensive air shower ( eas ) array ( the prisma project ) has been proposed some years ago @xcite to study cosmic ray spectrum and mass composition in the `` knee '' region . \n existing experimental data in the knee region contradict each other and new approaches to the so - calle...
[ { "content": "a _ rack _ is a set @xmath4 with a binary operation @xmath5 satisfying that ( 1 ) for any @xmath6 and @xmath7 of @xmath4 , there is a unique element @xmath8 with @xmath9 , and ( 2 ) for all @xmath10 , @xmath11 . \n a _ quandle _ is a rack satisfying that ( 3 ) @xmath12 for all @xmath13 . \n ( the ...
[ { "content": "a simple cosmological model , a flat universe with nearly scale - invariant adiabatic gaussian fluctuations , has proven to be a remarkably good fit to ever improving cosmic microwave background ( cmb ) data @xcite , large - scale structure data @xcite , supernova data @xcite , cluster measurement...
[ { "content": "the observable universe is close to a flat friedmann model , the so - called einstein - de sitter universe , in which the energy density , @xmath3 takes the critical value , @xmath4 , and the homogeneous spatial surfaces are euclidean . \n all astronomical evidence shows that we are quite close to...
[ { "content": "the layered crystalline structure of the cuprate high - temperature superconductors leads to existence of two types of vortices in these materials , pancake - vortex ( pv ) stacks @xcite induced by the magnetic field component perpendicular to the layers and josephson vortices ( jvs ) @xcite creat...
[ { "content": "the point - like x - ray source 2xmmj011028.1@xmath6460421 ( henceforth , hlx-1 for simplicity ) is the strongest intermediate - mass black hole ( imbh ) candidate known to date @xcite . \n it is seen in the sky at a distance of @xmath7 from the nucleus of the s0 galaxy eso243 - 49 ( redshift @xma...
[ { "content": "on 2008 january 9 , a luminous x - ray transient was serendipitously discovered in ngc 2770 during the follow - up observation of sn 2007uy in the same galaxy with the _ swift _ satellite @xcite . \n an optical counterpart was also discovered at the position of the transient @xcite , and it was na...
[ { "content": "bl lac objects are active galactic nuclei ( agn ) , characterized by strong and variable polarization , rapid variability in luminosity , a featureless spectrum and weak optical line emission . \n the radio emission associated with bl lac objects is synchrotron emission , which can be linearly p...
[ { "content": "several unification schemes merging gravity and the standard model of strong and electroweak interactions predict the existence of short - range forces with coupling strength of the order of newtonian gravity @xcite . \n efforts to evidence a _ \n fifth force _ have been envisaged regardless of an...
[ { "content": "in our universe , dark matter halos evolve in the hierarchical fashion . smallest microhalos form first , and they merge with each other to form larger halos . \n the size of the smallest microhalos is determined by the scale of collisional damping and free streaming of dark matter particles . \n ...
[ { "content": "the hilbert space , @xmath8 associated with a quantum system composed of three qubits is spanned by basis vectors @xmath9 where @xmath10 or @xmath11 and @xmath12 . here \n @xmath13 is the dimension of hilbert space associated with @xmath14 qubit . to simplify the notation we denote the vector @xma...
[ { "content": "we use the resonance lines of h - like o and of h - like and he - like ne to estimate the ne / o abundance ratio . in hot ( @xmath10-@xmath11 k ) coronal plasma these lines \n are formed predominantly by radiative de - excitation of levels excited by collisions with thermal electrons . \n the flu...
[ { "content": "the analytic hierarchy process ( ahp ) is a method for ranking alternatives in multi - criteria decision making problems . \n developed by saaty @xcite , it consists of a three layer hierarchical structure : the overall goal is at the top ; the criteria are in the next level ; and the alternatives...
[ { "content": "over the last two decades , the rapid development of single molecule manipulation techniques has produced dramatic advances in chemistry and molecular physics . \n the fields of dna biotechnology and nanofabrication in particular , have benefited from these advances . in turn \n , successes in the...
[ { "content": "the study of the final state of the gravitational collapse of initially regular distributions of matter is one of the open problems in classical general relativity , having attracted remarkable attention in past decades . \n when a sufficiently massive star exhausts all the thermonuclear sources o...
[ { "content": "the interplay of stars and their surrounding gas leads to the presence of distinct phases in the interstellar medium ( ism ) of galaxies ( e.g. @xcite ) . diffuse atomic clouds ( the cold neutral medium , cnm ) have densities of about @xmath0 and temperatures of about @xmath1 , where atomic hydrog...
[ { "content": "the recent discovery of superconductivity @xcite in na@xmath16coo@xmath171.3h@xmath1o has aroused an active interest of solid state physicists , since this compound is regarded as a strongly correlated superconductor on a triangular lattice . \n for such magnetically frustrated lattices , novel su...
[ { "content": "ngc1365 is a prominent barred spiral in the southern hemisphere . \n its nuclear and disk emission - line gas has been investigated in numerous optical studies ( e.g. , burbidge & burbidge 1960 , osmer et al . \n 1974 , veron et al . 1980 , alloin et al . \n 1981 , edmunds & pagel 1982 , phillips ...
[ { "content": "convection - diffusion equations oftentimes arise in mathematical models for fluid dynamics , environmental modeling , petroleum reservoir simulation , and other applications . among them , \n the most challenging case for numerical simulation is the convection - dominated problems ( when diffusio...
[ { "content": "the most metal - poor stars , believed to have formed at redshifts @xmath7 5 ( see e.g. * ? ? ? * ) , and representing well - defined points in space and time , hold clues on the conditions at the earliest epochs that are provided by no other astronomical objects . that is to say , the study of th...
[ { "content": "the concept of symmetry plays an important role both in physics and mathematics . \n symmetries are described by transformations of the system , which result in the same object after the transformation is carried out . \n they are described mathematically by parameter groups of transformations . \...
[ { "content": "the superluminal source grs 1915 + 105 displays a rich diversity of lightcurve morphology , power density spectrum ( pds ) , quasi - periodic oscillations ( qpos ) , phase lags , and coherence . \n the lightcurve morphology varies from out - burst to intermittent out - burst , to quiescence ( e.g....
[ { "content": "the catalog and atlas of cataclysmic variables ( edition 1 - @xcite and edition 2 - @xcite ) has been a valuable source of information for the cataclysmic variable ( cv ) community . \n one of the goals of the catalog was to have the basic information on the objects ( i.e. coordinates , type , mag...
[ { "content": "metamaterials in the form of particulate composite mediums are currently of considerable scientific and technological interest walser . provided that wavelengths are sufficiently long compared with the length scales of inhomogeneities , \n such a metamaterial may be envisaged as a homogenized comp...
[ { "content": "it is well known that horizontal seismometers are sensitive to ground rotation at low frequencies.@xcite indeed , due to the equivalence principle , conventional seismometers and tiltmeters can not distinguish between horizontal acceleration and rotation of the ground . \n while this is a problem ...
[ { "content": "nb / al - alo@xmath1/nb josephson junctions ( jjs ) with sizes in the sub-@xmath0 m to @xmath0 m range are required or advantageous for many applications such as high - speed superconducting digital circuits ( rsfq ) , mm - wave receivers and submillimeter wave mixers , programmable voltage standa...
[ { "content": "two - dimensional ( 2d ) materials have been extensively studied in the last decade @xcite owing to their applications in electronics and optoelectronics @xcite . \n 2d materials consist of layers that are held together by weak van der waals forces . \n a remarkable feature of these layered materi...
[ { "content": "the _ sparse representation _ problem involves solving the system of linear equations @xmath0 where @xmath1 is assumed to be @xmath2-sparse ; i.e. @xmath3 is allowed to have ( at most ) @xmath2 non - zero entries . \n the matrix @xmath4 is typically referred to as the _ dictionary _ with @xmath5 e...
[ { "content": "the problem of community detection in networks has received wide attention @xcite . \n it has proved to be a problem of remarkable subtlety , computationally challenging and with deep connections to other areas of research including machine learning , signal processing , and spin - glass theory ....
[ { "content": "a link @xmath0 in a homology @xmath1-sphere is called a _ graph link _ if its exterior is a graph manifold . \n for example , a link in @xmath2 is a graph link if and only if it is _ solvable _ , that is , if it can be constructed by iterated cabling and connected sum operations from the unknot . ...
[ { "content": "galaxy clusters are of great interest in cosmology as they are the largest and most recently formed structures in the cosmological hierarchy . \n the clustering and number density evolution of clusters are sensitive to both the growth function and the expansion history of the universe . \n cluster...
[ { "content": "charge - exchange between an atomic projectile and a surface plays a central role in surface science . \n @xcite many surface diagnostics , for instance , secondary ion mass spectrometry @xcite or meta - stable atom de - excitation spectroscopy @xcite utilize surface - based charge - transfer pr...
[ { "content": "let @xmath0 be a proper birational map between smooth varieties over a field of characteristic zero . \n a commutative diagram @xmath1 where @xmath2 and @xmath3 are sequences of blowups of smooth centers , is called a strong factorization of @xmath4 . \n the existence of a strong factorization is ...
[ { "content": "the structure of the dark matter halos of galaxies provides important clues to their formation and dynamical evolution ( e.g. sackett 1996 ; de zeeuw 1996 , 1997 ) . \n for example , in the cold dark matter ( cdm ) scenario ( e.g. ostriker 1993 ) there is evidence that the density profiles of halo...
[ { "content": "strong correlations among the electrons and orbital degeneracy both play a major role in the low temperature physics of transition metal compounds @xcite . materials within this class range from the recently discovered superconducting iron pnictides to the manganites showing the colossal magnetore...
[ { "content": "sgr a * , the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy , has been observed for several decades . \n monitoring stars orbiting around sgr a * has led to measurements of its mass and distance ( ghez et al . 2008 ; gillessen et al . 2009 ) . however , these measurements of mass and dista...
[ { "content": "the major feature of dynamical processes in many complex relaxing systems is their stochastic background @xcite . particularly , in any dielectric ( complex ) system under an week external electric field ( external action ) only a part ( active dipoles or objects ) of the total number of dipoles i...
[ { "content": "the inert doublet model @xcite ( idm ) is one of the simplest extensions of the standard model ( sm ) , yet it is also one of the most versatile . \n this scenario , in which the usual sm fields are supplemented by a single scalar @xmath7 doublet which does not contribute to electroweak - symmetr...
[ { "content": "yangian for @xmath4 is the associative algebra historically one of the first examples of _ quantum groups_. the yangian @xmath1 is a hopf algebra deforming the enveloping algebra @xmath5)$ ] , where @xmath6 $ ] is the ( infinite dimensional ) lie algebra of @xmath4-valued polynomials . \n this alg...
[ { "content": "in recent years , our understanding of pulsations of non - rotating relativistic stars has been much improved . in particular , the role of gravitational wave in the stars becomes much clear . \n there exists the oscillation mode named as w - mode ( gravitational _ w_ave mode ) , associated with t...
[ { "content": "strong attraction between particles in solution leads to aggregation . \n the kinetics of this aggregation process depends on the probability that a bond is formed when two particles collide . \n two limiting cases are diffusion limited cluster aggregation ( dlca ) if bonds are formed at each coll...
[ { "content": "fluxon dynamics in long josephson junctions is a topic of strong interest due to its rich nonlinear properties and applications in fast electronics , in particular as a radiation source at high frequencies @xcite . \n an extension of that system is to form a metamaterial by stacking several joseph...
[ { "content": "over the last several decades , the standard model of weak interactions has been thoroughly tested by a vast amount of data for leptonic and semi- leptonic decays and reactions . \n hadronic weak interactions are in general more difficult to study experimentally since they are usually obscured by ...
[ { "content": "luminous blue variables are hot massive stars which undergo sporadic eruptions on timescales of years and decades @xcite . \n the prototype is s doradus , as well as hubble - sandage variables in m31 and m33 @xcite , which shows eruptions of 1 - 2 magnitude level in a time - span of several decade...
[ { "content": "electromagnetic interactions have long been used to study both hadronic structure and strong interaction dynamics . \n examples include deep inelastic lepton - nucleon scattering , hadronic production of lepton pairs , the production of photons with large transverse momenta , and various photoprod...
[ { "content": "recently , the high - energy spectroscopic system ( hess ) collaboration has reported the detection of gamma - rays from the region of the galactic center with energies ranging between approximately 250 gev and 10 tev @xcite . \n two other atmospheric cerenkov telescopes ( acts ) , cangaroo - ii ...
[ { "content": "in this section we derive the flat band projected hamiltonian , eq . \n ( 2 ) , by adding interactions to eq . ( 1 ) . \n we first use the tight - binding limit to show that flat bands arise from spin - orbit coupled fermions in optical lattices in the absence of interactions . using the tight - ...
[ { "content": "while many biological processes can be well described with classical mechanics , there has been much interest and debate as to the role of quantum effects in biological systems ranging from photosynthetic energy transfer , to photoinduced isomerization in the vision cycle and avian magnetoreceptio...
[ { "content": "we present here l and m band results on v4332 sgr . \n recent studies of v4332 sgr have shown that it is an interesting object and the present results further support this view . \n v4332 sgr erupted in 1994 in a nova - like outburst with an outburst amplitude of 9.5 magnitude in the visible regio...
[ { "content": "in cosmological theories of structure formation , non linear objects form when overdense dark matter perturbations turn around , collapse , and settle into virial equilibrium ( e.g. @xcite and references therein ) . \n gas initially collapses together with the dark matter , but eventually encount...
[ { "content": "in principle , relationships between qsos euv continuum and the emission - line gas that it ionizes should give us clues to any relationship between accretion power and the physical conditions and kinematics of accreting or outflowing material within @xmath4 1 pc , hence clues to the mechanism of ...
[ { "content": "the efficient market hypothesis ( emh ) has significant influence on theory as well as practical business in the financial literature @xcite . \n various evidence concerning market efficiency has been recently discussed . \n also the predictability of future price change in the stock market is a v...
[ { "content": "the reader should note that this is an identical copy of an article first published in @xcite . \n beam effects have limited the performance of previous and existing hadron colliders @xcite such as the isr @xcite , sp@xmath0s @xcite , tevatron @xcite and rhic @xcite , and are also expected t...
[ { "content": "we aim to estimate the effects of the the induced raman scattering of the strong electromagnetic wave propagating in pulsar magnetosphere . \n raman scattering may be considered as a parametric decay of the initial transverse electromagnetic wave in the another electromagnetic wave and plasma wave...
[ { "content": "the widely known class of plane - fronted gravitational waves with parallel rays ( _ pp_-waves ) has become a paradigm of exact radiative spacetimes in general relativity . found by brinkmann in 1923 \n @xcite and later rediscovered independently by several authors , it has been studied for decade...
[ { "content": "where the proton ( or generally nucleon ) mass comes from remains , even after the discovery of higgs boson , as one of the great mysteries of nature . in this note \n i explore the possibility that the answer could perhaps be found in nuclear physics . \n given that the mass of the proton is very...
[ { "content": "uncertainty relations can be established in any physical theory involving random conjugated variables characterized by probability distribution functions . the present paper deals with uncertainty relations in statistical mechanics . \n statistical mechanics combines equilibrium thermodynamics wit...
[ { "content": "over the past decade , michelson stellar interferometry has seen some tremendous advances in applicability . \n it has evolved from a primarily experimental technique towards a general astrophysical observational mode extensively used by the community for galactic and extragalactic science ( see t...
[ { "content": "quantum computers could solve some problems faster than classical computers @xcite . performing a quantum computation relies on the ability to preserve the coherence of quantum states long enough for gates composing the algorithm to be implemented . in practice , \n the quantum coherence is sensit...
[ { "content": "the first compound light microscopes constructed in the 16th and 17th centuries enabled scientists to inspect matter and biological specimens at the microscopic level @xcite . in 1873 , ernst abbe formulated a fundamental limit for the resolution of an optical imaging system based on the diffracti...
[ { "content": "the strong electron correlation in high - temperature superconductors ( htsc ) is able to drive an electronic nematic phase @xcite , which preserves translational symmetry but breaks rotational symmetry . in the past decade , there have been a number of experimental signatures pointing to the pres...
[ { "content": "the lyman break ` dropout ' technique was first applied to select lyman break galaxies ( lbgs ) at @xmath14 @xcite , and since then it has been extensively used to select lbg candidates at @xmath15 ( e.g. , * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; * ? ? ? \n * ; *...