query stringlengths 19 300 | pos list | neg list | task stringclasses 1
value | instruction dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|
How can racing games that run at 60fps have timers that give times with milliseconds of difference, when one frame is 16-17 milliseconds? | [
"The framerate only tells you how often the screen updates, the cpu might have a clockspeed much higher than that, it is entirely possible to simulate the last half a second per millisecond to calculate the actual time in miliseconds"
] | [
"They might actually be sped up. Their frame rate might very between 14 to 26 fps, so matching it to modern standards might speed up motion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does the wind make noise, is it the friction? | [
"Kind of. It's caused by the air being disturbed by either denser air around it, or solid objects such as buildings and trees. These disturbances cause ripples in the air which we perceive as sound. Much in the same way as a rock sticking out of a pool of water creates ripples when the water around it begins to mov... | [
"Because it is air rapidly smashing together to fill a void caused by whatever broke the sound barrier. Its the same way thunder works. The air crashes together and causes huge vibrations, which your body interprets as noise."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
How can a country continue to run and function while in debt? How are countries able to progress and continue having an increasing GDP? | [
"How do people continue to function when they have student loans, car payments, and a house mortgage? In the government’s case, it’s in the form of bonds issues, called Treasury notes or treasury bills, with various maturity dates. As long as the debt payments are a manageable part of the budget, then there is no p... | [
"No. Making a global currency would not solve poverty, and based on how Greece is doing it would most likely make it worse. To establish a global currency you would have to deny every country the right to print their own currency. That means they are greatly hindered at running their economies."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do our hairs decide to split into two and become split ends? | [
"Our hairs don't decide to do anything. They are not sentient. They have no thoughts. Split ends happen because of heat, harsh chemicals, or brushing/manipulating them too much. Hair is kind of like clothes fiber, and the ends just get damaged over time."
] | [
"hair doesn't go to a certain length and stop, it goes to a certain length and falls out. hair on your scalp lasts longer, and therefore can get longer"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
How is being taxed on the private sale of a used vehicle even possible? | [
"When the vehicle is re-titled in the new owner's name the tax is applied. Many states calculate tax based on the fair market value of the vehicle, not on the sale price, so selling it for a dollar \"officially\" won't get you anything. The tax will still be based on the value fo the vehicle as set by some standard... | [
"Because every state has a different tax rate on goods, so that would make putting tax into the price a little difficult"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
What is the key to the city? Is it real? And what is it useful for? | [
"It is an award given to people who have contributed, in a positive way, to the betterment of the city. It’s really just symbolic and dates back to when cities used to be walled."
] | [
"Money, interest in the project, or as a favor to someone."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Advertising:"
} |
Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence | [
"\"I have never seen an ostrich outside of a zoo. Therefore, there are no such things as wild ostriches.\" The phrase you quoted is meant to say that you can't deny something exists based on incomplete information."
] | [
"To date, there is no proof that there is any effect whatsoever. Doesn't mean that it's impossible, though."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Why do some books have deckle (jaged) edges and others are smooth? | [
"Today, it's a style choice. In ancient times, books were printed in folios by folding the big sheets that came out of the press. These folios were stitched into a binding and sold that way. The edges were folded, so you couldn't read the book, but this kept them clean in shipping. When you got you new, expensive,... | [
"When smaller books are bound, they print them in long pieces of paper and then fold them in half and then staple/glue them to create your book. The pages are blank because only the other half had something."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Books:"
} |
Why do large towels tend to have a seam that's 3/16ths away from the end? Why have the seam at all? And why put it where its at? | [
"It helps hold the end of the towel together. The extra structure keeps it from unraveling."
] | [
"> Why do sink and other faucets only go out 10-25% over the basin making it awkward to use them rather than going 50-75% where it would be much easier to use them? If the faucet was directly over the center of the basin then getting something into the sink itself would be difficult; suppose you wanted to put a pot... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
What data from my 23 and me DNA test can I count of as fact? | [
"They match DNA markers to their sample database, which includes a data set of where the sample DNA is from geographically. Though they have been shown to have a problem duplicating results"
] | [
"By comparing it with other DNA tests from people who live in those countries. Different areas tend to have people with specific traits. As a simple example, people in China generally have black hair. Someone with black hair is more likely to be from China than a blonde. Now if you repeat this trend with hundreds o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document about Science:"
} |
Why does water taste “sweet” sometimes? | [
"It could be any number of things. It could be a subconcious thing, something sweet (like lead) could be dissolved in the water, or it could contain a large amount of heavy water , which is supposedly sweet tasting. _URL_0_ EDIT: link wasn't working for some reason so added plaintext link"
] | [
"You’re drinking the wrong water. Properly filtered water with the right Ph level tastes wonderful. Tap water tastes different depending on where you live. I’ve been studying in Austria for some time and the water tastes amazing here."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
Why do some staplers have two settings? | [
"The setting that bends the staples outwards instead of inwards makes it easier to remove the staples afterwards, if you expect to need to do that. If you mean for it to be permanent, the “regular” inward setting makes for a stronger connection."
] | [
"Are you talking about the child-safety feature, where there is an inner cap and an outer cap and you have to squeeze or push down on the outer cap in order to make the inner cap turn (in the loosening direction)? If so, that is a child safety feature."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
If nothing can travel faster then light. Then how come the universe is expanding faster then light? | [
"Space isn't moving, it's expanding. There's a difference. When space expands, the distance between points A and B magically increases, but points A and B are not moving *through* space to do so--and the speed limit applies only to things that are moving *through* space."
] | [
"We can't see light emitted from our own galaxy in the past because that would require our galaxy to have travelled faster than the light. And nothing travels faster than light. It would be like throwing a ball down the room and trying to run and catch it at the other end."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence about astronomy:"
} |
How do one-way mirrors work? | [
"Contrary to their name, there's actually nothing \"one-way\" about one-way mirrors. In the interrogation room, it's kept very very bright so that the glass acts a mirror and all the criminal can see is their own reflection. But on the other side, where the cops are, it's kept quite a bit darker so the light shines... | [
"What two types are you talking about? There are many ways to classify solar panels."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do we know that our understanding of mathematics is correct and that we can model the universe with it? | [
"This is the difference between pure mathematics and applied mathematics. Pure mathematics doesn't care what the physical world is like. It defines its own rules and plays by them and sees what interesting things come out of that. Applied mathematics and math involved in science tries to use math to emulate the phy... | [
"There is great disagreement because there are several interpretations that fit with our current knowledge of the quantum world and it's not, at this time, possible to deduce which interpretation is correct, if any."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
How Rover Opportunity lasted 15 years when the mission was planned for only 90 days? | [
"They originally thought that dust would build up in the solar arrays and prevent it from getting enough power (which is actually what happened to Opportunity in the end). They didn't know that the wind on Mars would do such a good job of clearing out the dust, which allowed the solar panels to continue functioning... | [
"Because its goal isn't to travel; it already landed where it needed to be. It drives a few inches, takes pictures and soil samples and does related testing. It would need to travel really long distances in order to get to someplace that different, geologically speaking, and it's just not worth it. There's plenty o... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why has it been so slow and difficult to get voice and SMS over LTE? | [
"Its primarily needs and economics based. No one is really asking for this stuff, it doesn't really change anything or meet any different needs than is already being met in the market by carriers and phones, and thus there is little reason to invest in the changes necessary to make this happen fast. If you want it ... | [
"The system is designed to allow you to do it. Service providers have an agreement for anyone to use their network for emergency calls."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why is ABS better then locking your tires when trying to stop? | [
"Friction works differently depending on what type of friction it is. With the wheels locked up, they slide across the ground, which is sliding (or kinetic) friction. When the wheels are rolling, the area making contact with the ground isn't sliding across the ground, it's basically stationary and the rolling wheel... | [
"The steering wheel controls the front wheels, not the rear wheels. This makes it far easier to make adjustments with the front of the car than with the rear of the car, so it's easier to put the rear in first and the adjust the front."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
How can animals live off a single food source for their entire lives but humans need a diverse diet? | [
"Two primary reasons. First, animal diets in the wild tend to be more diverse than you probably give them credit for (though probably not significantly). Second, and this is the crucial point, is why humans need all the vitamins and minerals we do. Here's a hint: Rather than speccing into raw physical strength, we ... | [
"It’s very possible. And despite what others are saying: There is no need for nutritional carbohydrates. The body can make as much glucose as it needs from other energy sources. There is no need to eat the whole animal. The fact that peoples which have a traditional diet of all meat tend to eat the whole animal jus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How does bleach kill you? | [
"Bleach will create holes in your esophagus and even eat through your lungs around it. Then you try to vomit it back up. It then spills into your lungs. Death is usually by aspiration. This is in larger amounts, I don't know if you only drank 'a little bleach'. Don't try it, please. It's a fantastically horrifying ... | [
"What source says that alcohol is bad for your teeth?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Heat Death & Entropy (physics) | [
"Entropy is the tendency for matter and energy to enter a spread-out, perfectly-even state. If you have a bunch of blocks, it takes work to build them into a structured tower, whereas it's very easy to smash that tower and have all the blocks spread out evenly. Similarly, you can heat up a pan on your stove, but if... | [
"Electrostatic repulsion. You are actually hovering over your chair. Vsauce: _URL_0_ Veritasium: _URL_1_"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How to determine if a compound is polar or non-polar? | [
"You need to know the electronegativity of the component atoms (this should be on a chart) as well as the shape of the molecule (determined by electron pair arrangement of the component atoms). Based on the electronegativity, you should be able to determine what atoms the electrons will bias toward. Based on the sh... | [
"Water is liquid because of polarity within the molecules, and hydrogen bonding between the molecules. These two factors promote attraction between molecules. HCl and H2S don't have as much attraction between molecules, so they become gases more easily."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
TETRIS - Why are "T-Spins" a thing? | [
"There is no collision detection in Tetris - just \"Are we allowed to spin now or not.\" That yes/no decision is based on whether the final post-rotation position of the block will overlap with already-placed blocks. It completely ignores whether the block will overlap during rotation, because there is no \"during ... | [
"To make Artificial Intelligence is not hard at all, the hard part is to make Artificial Stupidity. It is easy to make AI that will win instantly, shoot to kill player in 0 seconds through 1 pixel hole between object on map. It is REALLY hard to make AI that can make a mistake, to lower itself to human level. EDIT:... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
taxing the rich alternatives | [
"> Couldn’t the rich just tax themselves or do things that act like being taxed? Many rich people give to charity, or start their own charities; this is similar to \"being taxed\" in that they are giving away their money. However, in a democracy taxes are meant to be spent according to the will and needs of the peo... | [
"Normal person: Nothing People with interest or rely on the fed goverment: short term problem."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
What is drop shipping and how do people make money doing it? | [
"Drop shipping is a sales business where you don’t actually have any inventory. You’ll need a reliable wholesale supplier, but people are making a lot of money on this getting stuff from Ali Baba or whatever. Let’s say you start a flashy website: cbassrugsdotcom. You’ve got best rug selection on the web. Great pho... | [
"I think the source of your confusion is the fact that Amazon is no longer just a retailer. They are a marketplace where a lot of companies can sell products. Some products are sold directly by Amazon. But, some of them are being sold by third parties who are using Amazon's website to sell stuff to you. This gets e... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What does declaring a state of emergency in the U.S. do and what does it allow the president to do? | [
"Declaring a state of emergency allows the executive branch to rapidly perform a few actions that would otherwise not be available to it, under the idea that the government needs to act quickly to remedy a disaster or other emergency. For example, the executive branch may spend money to have a contractor repair a b... | [
"Yes, federal law enforcement agents could waltz in & arrest everyone. Currently, the president has issued an order prohibiting them from doing so Theoretically, that could be revoked at any time or when the next president comes into office."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why is warm/hot water less thirst quenching than cool/cold water? | [
"We don't actually have a solid answer on that. Only some theories, often revolving around sensation feedback since water takes longer to reach the blood stream than other substances, so the body needs a way to tell you ease off before you over hydrate. It could also have to do with the secondary aspect of maintain... | [
"Chewing gum is made of rubber. Rubber gets softer when heated, and harder when cooled. When you're chewing on your gum, it is pretty close to your body temperature (98.6°F), so it is fairly soft. When you drink something colder, like tap water or a refrigerated beverage, the gum cools down quickly and gets harder.... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do the flats on a piano sound good in any order but normal keys don't? | [
"The flats (black keys) are a natural pentatonic scale. The same 5-note sequence on the white keys would sound good too, no matter what note you start on."
] | [
"Most melodies follow a particular scale or guideline to achieve that sound. Some examples would be major and minor scales which are the most common. Major scales always seem to sound happy try playing from 'C' to 'C' on all the white keys that is a Cmaj scale. Minor scales can sound somewhat sad play from 'A' to '... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do chord progressions work? | [
"Without getting into too much music theory, every scale is based on an 8 note series of steps. In the case of country/blues, it's typically a I-IV-V progression. A song like Sweet Home Alabama is a play on this in the key of G. It's just the reverse order, (V-IV-I, D-C-G). It's just putting together chords from th... | [
"The best way to explain this is to say that they take shortcuts. Most pop songs revolve around a fundamental \"cadence\" or \"flow of one chord to another\" these cadences are founded in music theory, so if you have a good understanding of music theory you can play the backbone structure of a song in no time. You ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
why would amazon receive 3 billion in subsidies if they had a headquarters in New York? | [
"Governments give tax breaks and subsidies to corporations to lure them in to their area. The idea is that bringing that business to the area will, ultimately, bring more business and jobs to the area which, theoretically, will bring jobs to the locals and more tax revenue for the government. Again, theoretically, ... | [
"they bring in more money from tourism for us than we pay in tax. 200 million from tourism we give them 40 million."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How Amazon can pay $0 in Federal taxes | [
"There are a lot of ways, but an easy way is don't bring your money home (USA). Say you live in Bahamas, but only work in US. Corporate tax is based on where you register your \"HQ\" or \"home\". If your home is in a no tax state, then you pay no tax. Another way is to spend all the money you made improving your co... | [
"It's easy if you're an international company. Let's say you do business in two countries: Country A (60% tax) - Sales: $1 billion - Manufacturing costs: $0.5 billion - Research and Development: $0.5 billion - Net profit: $0 - Tax Owed: $0 Country B (0% Tax) - Sales: $1 billion - Manufacturing costs: $0 (all your i... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
Why are valve caps on car tires that use nitrogen green, when blue is used in chemistry sets? | [
"Most automotive designers stopped taking chemistry long before molecular models were in the curriculum, maybe in High School. Green is the color of \"good for the environment\", and that's typically what they are suggesting is better about a gas that causes less corrosion."
] | [
"There are several different reasons for using a left-handed thread. In gas containers specifically, as far as I know, the main reason is to prevent people from accidentally mixing up items. There are flammable gases and inert gases, and you don't want to pick the wrong one, so they have different thread."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
what is herd immunity and how does it work? | [
"If enough people in a group are immune to a disease (say, vaccinated for instance), then it is harder for a disease to spread to those who are not immune in that same group. Here's a helpful image _URL_0_"
] | [
"The body builds an immunity to the disease and prevents you from catching it again, which is basically your body creating its own vaccine."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Medical:"
} |
How do functional prosthetic limbs work? | [
"Old school \"hooks\" are controlled by slight shoulder and arm movements. The new school cyborg style electro mechanical arms etc. Actually use nerve endings and tendon movement for input"
] | [
"Memory consolidation for your brain and physical rest for skeletal muscle."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit answer:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit answer about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why should you have different scissors for cloth vs paper? | [
"I was always told that paper dulls scissors in a way that makes them hard to sharpen back to cloth cutting sharpness. The same goes for hair scissors."
] | [
"They are used to cover up the buttons on your shirt."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
is ice in the center of an ice cube different from the ice on the outside of an ice cube? | [
"Ice cubes don’t actually freeze the way you’re imagining. It’s not like an onion, where it freezes inward layer by layer. There’s a lot more flexibility in the freezing process as water and ice coexist and transform into one another. As the center-most water freezes, it will in fact exert a pressure on the ‘outer’... | [
"Because water expands when it freezes. When it melt, it contracts. Either way, it displaces the same amount in the glass, so even if the ice poked up above the rim of the glass, no water would be spilled. What are they teaching in junior high physical scince classes these days?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about Science:",
"pos": "Represent the document about Science:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
The "buy" and "sell" scene in Trading Places. | [
"Basically, when they steal the report for the orange harvest. It says that the cold winter has not affected orange juice supply. So the main characters buy a bunch of orange juice stocks before the day of the report. Then the day of the wait for the brothers to drive the price way up and they sell all of their sto... | [
"Language left over from channel surfing on TV."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument:"
} |
If swelling is your body's reaction to take care of injuries, why is the generally consensus around joint injuries to ice to reduce swelling? | [
"Our bodies’ natural responses evolved way before humans arrived; that is we inherited them from primate ancestors who inherited them from species before them and so on. Injured joints swelling partially immobilizes the joint and helps protect from further damage until the injury can heal. But immobilizing the joi... | [
"It will kind of depend on the injury you have sustained. Icing an injured area does numb pain and it basically functions as an external application of an analgesiac. Yes it does wear off over time and yes your only masking the pain similarly as taking meds would. Icing is usually used for acute injuries soon after... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
With Triple A PC games being played in triple digit FPS, why is video so often shot in 24 FPS? | [
"Mostly because people tend to not like movies with super high frame rate. Movies that have high frame rate tend to have low amounts of motion blur and lose out on a lot of cinematic feel. Also movies will actually have variable frame rate depending on what the scene demands. If you have a really fast past crisp ac... | [
"They might actually be sped up. Their frame rate might very between 14 to 26 fps, so matching it to modern standards might speed up motion."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query about videogame development:",
"pos": "Represent the answer about videogame development:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
Why aren't patents considered a breach of anti-monopoly laws? | [
"No, because anti-monopoly laws were not intended to prevent the ownership of a particular schematic or design but rather to prevent the ownership of an entire industry, eliminating competition. You can’t own every car company in America, but you can own a unique engine design that makes your car more competitive i... | [
"It is not illegal to have a monopoly. What is illegal is to use your monopoly in certain specific ways to stifle competition. So long as Comcast and AT & T don't do that, they do not violate the anti-trust act."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why do bottles have indents on the bottom | [
"I haven't taken many physics classes, but I believe it relieves the stress on the bottom of the bottle when you squeeze it. This allows the bottle to be able to be squeezed easier and not have the bottom pop out. If the bottom pops out the bottle wouldn't be able to balance on a flat surface."
] | [
"Imperfections in the glass. The bubbles need an anchor point which is usually an imperfection or dirt in the glass. Many branded beer glasses have logos etched into the bottom of the glass to try and get all the bubbles focussed in the centre."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
People say that being drunk "shows your true self," or "you say your true feelings." How much of that is truth? Is it just lower inhibitions? What does alcohol do do cause people to open up? | [
"It makes it far hard to control what you do and say, thus people saying it reveals your true self, as it is you without any filter as to what you say or do. It does this by slowing down the higher processes of the brain, including motor function and importantly the frontal lobe, which is responsible for that filte... | [
"What you want is a drug that shuts down inhibitors that try to filter content. Alcohol already kind of does this along with another drug that I don't recall. It doesn't make you not want to lie, it just makes you see no reason you should be lying about it in the first place."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:"
} |
How are photos chemically developed from photographic negatives? | [
"When light hits the film it makes a little piece of silver from the chemicals on the film. The more light that hits an area the more little pieces of silver you get. The chemical used in the developing process, called developer, make those little pieces of silver grow into bigger pieces of silver. Another chemical... | [
"The lens is not what actually captures the image. The lens focuses the light and allows it in to whatever type of sensor you are using, such as a CCD for a digital camera, or chemically treated film for an old camera. It's the shape of the sensor that determines the shape of the photograph."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How come we can "acclimate" to cooler seawater while swimming in it but not to air of the same temperature? Assuming bare skin in both cases. | [
"It is. Freezing cold water is like 60 degrees or so. You can walk around in that with no diffculty."
] | [
"Our bodys are better equipped to handle heat than the cold. Additionally the core body temperature is actually quite high making most \"hot\" showers closer to normal temperature than any cold shower."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
How do theaters get movies | [
"Most are all digital now so a download is started about 5-10 days in advance of the release date. Acquiring the content and license is usually done at the corporate level and the negotiations on price were done long before the movie came out. It’s usually an annual contract with the production company. Back in th... | [
"Because it would be too easy to illegally record the movies audio"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What's the phenomenon that occurs when you drive sorta fast ( > 50 mph) with only one window down and hurts your ears. And when you open another window it stops. And why it happens? | [
"It is commonly called wind buffeting, but the official term is Helmholtz Resonance. There are two different masses of air while you're driving, inside versus outside. When you open a window, it creates a vortex the compresses and decompresses the air. This is the noise that you're referring to. Modern cars and tru... | [
"Why would they? The air in the car is moving along with them. When you're coasting on the highway at 65 if you put your hand up in the air does it get thrown back behind your head? No because your arm is already moving at 65 MPH."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Automotive:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Automotive:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How come the brand name on the waistband of underwear is always misaligned on the back part of the waistband? | [
"The waist band material is made thousands of feet at a time. They cut it to the length it needs to be so the print isn't the same on every piece because there are different sizes."
] | [
"When they make better quality clothes, they make sure the fabric is going the right direction. Look at the knit on the crappy t-shirt. The ribs are probably running on an angle. The better one it will be straight."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Textile technology:"
} |
Why does soap bubble up when you disrupt the water it’s in? | [
"Soap reduces surface tension of water, which is to say, it makes water able to be thinned out/stretched easier. When you disturb soap water, you are pushing air into the water. This air wants to escape due to buoyancy, and when it tries to, it pushes water above upwards. With reduced surface tension, it is able to... | [
"You're creating pockets of air in the water that you're peeing into. These form the bubbles, and there is enough surface tension to hold the bubble's shape. The same thing happens with water, but unless there's something in it (like soap), the surface tension is too weak and the bubbles won't last for very long. D... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit argument:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit argument about Science:"
} |
Why does a rainbow always appear as an arc? | [
"It doesn't a rainbow is a full circle, you'd actually see a full circle if you were at a high enough altitude and the conditions were just right. Most of the time the full circle is just blocked off by the horizon."
] | [
"It's actually curved in a full circle with the center directly opposite the sun But the sun is up, so the center is down, so you only see part of the circle"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do Scientists get bacteria from a hard surface, like a door knob for testing? | [
"Usually a form of cotton swab. That they then run on a petri dish and let it grow to see what was on it Edit: downvotes really?"
] | [
"Generally it is used to refer to the latter. Check out this link that has some comparisons of bacteria counts. One particular example is 7,500 bacteria per swab of a typical computer keyboard compared to 5,400 bacteria per swab of a typical toilet seat. _URL_0_ Now, there can also be more species of bacteria depen... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
How did Amazon get away with not paying any taxes this year? | [
"The lost a lot of money in the past, and bought a lot of things to grow their business. This means they didn't make a profit, so they don't owe any company tax."
] | [
"A lot of wealthy people paid other people to figure out how to use loopholes to avoid paying taxes."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text about Finance:"
} |
What is the cause of sleep paralysis? | [
"When you start to enter deep sleep your brain basically starts to ignore your arms and legs- effectively paralyzing you. It does this to keep you from acting out your dreams and injuring yourself. Sometimes you can wake up before your brain turns the switches to your body back on. This is sleep paralysis. It’s ... | [
"> How is the charge of ions in the air supposed to affect someone’s mood, specifically in the case of Seasonal Affective Disorder or Major Depressive Disorder? They don't have any effect."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
If i reuse a disposable plastic bottle for water it eventually starts tasting “plasticky”. Why dont drinks turn plasticky on the shelves? | [
"Essentially you can think of water as a universal solvent. Even though it only takes away trace amounts of plasticizers at at time, it is still a small scale extraction. The friction added from moving the water speeds up and/or makes the extraction more efficient (heat added from a chemicals perspective). & #x200... | [
"AFAIK as long as the cap stays sealed it should be fine. Otherwise, you can get germs and stuff in it. Also, the plastic can get shitty over a long amount of time, and plastic can be pretty unhealthy."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post about Health and Safety:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Health and Safety:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Does caffeine reduce sleepiness or prevent further sleepiness and how does it do it? | [
"Your body produces a hormone which makes you sleepy. Caffeine binds to the receptors which this hormone likes, blocking them and as a result you cannot feel the sleepiness. The hormone keeps accumulating, and you still need to sleep, but you can't feel it. When the caffeine wears off all that accumulated sleepines... | [
"Caffeine requires more intake to feel the positive effects after regular use. Caffeine, however, always raises blood pressure. Maybe stop drinking coffee for a week and start again."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment:"
} |
Difference of Crystalline and Amorphous Solids? | [
"When something is liquid, its molecules are attracted to one another, but they have sufficient space between them to move. As they cool down, they move closer together, and ultimately are attracted so strongly to one another that they can no longer move around. Now some substances form crystals when they do that, ... | [
"Being Black Does Actually Have (Relatively Minor) Health Consequences, It's Just That They're Obviated By Modern Life. There's An Energy Cost To Have Extra Melanin, Even A Small One, So If You Don't Need It It Won't Be Selected For. Melanin Reduces Vitamin-D Uptake From The Sun If Sunlight Is Lower Than You're Ada... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
What is bad about GMOs? Why is it such a contentious issue? | [
"You know how people thought there's some angry god that throws lightning bolts when you do or don't do something? Well people are afraid of things they don't understand."
] | [
"The urban legends, misinformation and out-right lies about Monsanto shouldn't be your focus. Monsanto is just another company that some nutty activists think is the devil. Their corporate behavior is considered average to good among people who know what they are talking about. The biggest concerns you should proba... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question about science:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about science:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does it feel uncomfortable hearing your own voice (and how to get over it) | [
"Keep listening to recordings of yourself to desensitize to the way it sounds. You hear a much richer version of your voice as it vibrates bones in the head, but this is how others hear you. Just get used to it."
] | [
"- People with pleasant voices or voice training are more likely to become the kind of people who would record podcasts (presenters, radio hosts, celebrities). - Voices are put though filters to increase clarity of the voice, and may be touched up to make listeners feel like.. well, listening."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question about Language and Communication:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence about Language and Communication:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
What’s the difference between a mafia and cartel? | [
"I'll give you a simple example: \\- **Cartel**: McDonald's, Burger King, and Wendy's all get together and decide that they will offer a burger for no less than $10, fries for no lo less than $5, and a soda for no less than $3. If you don't want to pay these prices, than you don't get to eat at these restaurants. S... | [
"Maybe it doubles as a front for a drug business? My local one does."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why does taste depend on the nose if tastebuds are only on the tongue? | [
"I wouldn't really use the word \"depends\" in this context, but certainly the way food smells plays into the overall perception of taste. Your nose is the first line of defense when it comes to preventing you from eating rotten food. When you think about human history, before fridges and food curing and all this f... | [
"Taste buds are groupings of cells with chemical receptors that enable them to recognize some particular molecules contained in food. Each molecule will give a different signal to the cell, which sends it to the brain to being translated as a flavour. There's a myth regarding how taste buds work, it is said that ta... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
If humans have more complex forms of vocal language, is that because we are better at recognizing patterns than other animals? | [
"There’s actually a part of the brain specifically devoted to language in humans, which other animals don’t have, or at least not nearly to the level we do. At the same time, case studies with feral children have shown that we need to be taught language from a young age, or those centers of the brain don’t get a ch... | [
"They had emotions, or things that we could easily think of as emotions - many animals do, and primates certainly do. It is almost impossible to understand to what degree emotions relate to _language_. It is believed that stone age people had language, but it's not clear if it was sophisticated enough to convey the... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
if being even close to the sun kills you instantly, and lightning is five times hotter than the sun, how does lightning not disintegrate everyone on earth when it strikes? | [
"Being close to the sun doesnt kill you instantly, it kills you very *quickly*. In theory, if you could expose yourself to the sun for a *very* short amount of time, you would be fine. Lightning is very hot, but it is also gone very quickly."
] | [
"The electricity disperses over distance and the strength of it weakens in large bodies of water. So It could maybe kill some fish nearby sometimes, but really it's just electricity going back to where it always is: in the earth. It's all static. Lightning strikes the earth 100 times per second, so a lot of it hits... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query about Physics:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document about Physics:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document about biology:"
} |
How does colouring work in paints(any kind)? Won't the chemicals used to get colour also change the physical properties of the paint like consistency, fluidity, texture etc? | [
"In (acrylic) paint, they use pigments rather than dyes, so theyre powders suspended in the acrylic medium. And they do pigments have some effect. Different colors of paints have different lightfastness and some colors are more transparent than others (phthalo blue and green especially). But in most paints, theres ... | [
"Hydrophobic spray is expensive and might have other damaging properties. It might for example corrode certain materials, prevent proper airflow, provoke thermal problems, change the stiffness of the material, etc."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
Why do Region different games have different glitches? | [
"PAL and NTSC run at different hertz (50 or 60) and as games are usually developed for NTSC, unless they're ported correctly they often lag and experience glitches when put onto PAL systems (this is why certain regions are chosen for speed running usually, because unless there's some awesome glitch that skips a who... | [
"Might be differences in copy rights between countries"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
How do Antivirus companies like McAfee and Norton put out new signatures. Like what is their process for finding vulnerabilities and how do they find quick fixes? | [
"They have a set of opened honeypots that can be easily be infected and send them new information. They also have millions of of computers running their software and sending potential malware/virus to them for inspection. Once it's determined it's malicious, they assign a name, signature and method of cleaning/remo... | [
"There are two primary methods for virus detection: signature-based and heuristics-based. A signature-based antivirus program looks at the files on your system and calculates a specific value based on the file's contents. It has a list of values that it knows correspond to viruses and other malware; if it sees one ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence about Technology:"
} |
What is the difference between buying a car and leasing a car? | [
"When you lease a car, you are basically entering a long rental agreement with the dealership. You have to make a down payment and then make monthly payments. You are also limited to a certain number of miles per year with the vehicle, and you have to stick to the maintenance schedule (though sometimes the dealersh... | [
"It'll cost you upwards of $1000 a month. You might as well purchase a second hand one for ~5000$ and sell it or bring it back home when your six month period is completed."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why can’t the Opportunity rover restart and resume contact once it starts receiving solar power again? | [
"I believe it’s down to heat. Mars is cold (given its thin atmosphere and distance from the sun). When they hibernated in the evenings or in previous dust storms, the rovers weren’t completely dormant; they still had some electronics running so they would receive wake up signals and also to keep core components war... | [
"Correct. They come up with a bundle of commands which the Rover will execute in the Martian day. The team figures out the commands in the Martian night. (iirc). The Rover executes the commands and reports back as it does, with another team keeping an eye on things. If the Rover looks like it might run into trouble... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit paragraph about Science and Technology:"
} |
Tax deductions for charity donations; should we all be doing it? | [
"Only if your itemized deductions will exceed your standard deductions for your filing status. Here is the standard deduction based on filing status: Single - 12k Married filing jointly - 24k Head of household - 18k If your itemized deductions are bigger than the number above or if you give to charity and you can ... | [
"Write offs, also known as tax incentives, are a way to get the public to spend money on things that the people who wrote that tax rule want to have happen. Want people to own houses instead of renting them? Let them write off their interest. Want people to give to charity? Let them write that off their income to s... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
What's the definitive difference between a first and third world country? Is there such a thing a second world country? | [
"Historically, the terms first/second/third world referred to the major powers of the Cold War. First world refers to NATO and the western block. Second world refers to USSR, China and the communist block. Third world refers to countries which are not aligned with either block."
] | [
"The United States are *not* the wealthiest or most advanced country on the planet. And what exactly do you mean by anxiety?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the post:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
Do candles burn alot of oxygen? | [
"Candle burns wax (wax is the fuel), and the chemical formula of wax is [C15H31COOC30H61](_URL_0_). So, all the carbons combine with oxygen to form CO2, and all the hydrogens combine with oxygen to form H2O. Carbon atoms have approximately the same mass (weight) as oxygen atoms, and hydrogen atoms are about [16 tim... | [
"They are coated with a petroleum or tar substance which is what burns. Here is a fun experiment: get a metal tray and some cotton balls. Try burning a cotton ball. Now dip one is rubbing alcohol and light it. Burns hot and fast, eh? Now smear some Vaseline on one and light it. Now it burns a long time. Kind of soo... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text about Science:"
} |
How did humans first break the language barrier between different languages in the past? | [
"When two people who cannot communicate are in a situation where they need to, a Pidgin language develops fairly quickly: _URL_0_ \"is a grammatically simplified means of communication that develops between two or more groups that do not have a language in common: typically, its vocabulary and grammar are limited a... | [
"Can you clarify your question? You are asking about what happened across the entire planet during numerous spans of thousands of years. A lot of stuff happened."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
Why is crying physically exhausting? | [
"I’d say it’s not physically exhausting but instead it is mentally exhausting. Your brain secrets a lot of chemicals when you are very emotional. When you are upset and crying you brain runs low and needs to replenish. You brain makes you feel tired so it can rest."
] | [
"It isn't chemically addictive. However, anything can become psychologically addictive."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about health:"
} |
How are tunnels built underwater? | [
"Most underwater tunnels are dug out in the bedrock with a tunnel boring machine. They pressurize the tunnel during construction to keep the water out and further on dig in the bedrock so that as little water as possible will flow into the tunnel. However there have been a few tunnel designed using prefabricated co... | [
"Electricity can be transported underground. It costs a lot more to dig up the streets and lay the lines. In some cities' downtowns all of the lines are underground though, Portland, OR for one."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit comment:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit comment:"
} |
How do birds successfully fly in such a tight formation when there's hundreds or even thousands of them? | [
"They just keep their individual position in regard to the birds flying next to them rather than to the flock as a whole."
] | [
"I live near a long string of parks. Over decades I have watcher the behavior of Canadian geese in particular. Groups will do to the golf course or another pond on a regular schedule. They fly a direct route between these locations. They definitely know where they are going. I remember one terribly windy winter day... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
At least within the EU: Why don’t we measure shoe sizes in centimeter? What the heck does “size 36 actually mean?” | [
"The \"European\" shoe size (that is not used everywhere in Europe) is measured by every 2/3rd centimeter. So a shoe size 36 is 36 * 2/3 cm, or about 23.76 centimeter. Why is it? It's called the Paris point. Where does the Paris point come from? Probably from being close to 1/4th of an inch. Why 1/4th of an inch? I... | [
"This is because in most shops a men's size is from 8 to 13, this is based on average sizes Women's sizes go from 5 to 9. That being said, a women's size nine is the exact equivalent of a men's 7, so maybe try that as you can usually get basic shoes in both men's and women's (converse and vans and what not)"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the post:",
"neg": "Represent the post:"
} |
how does the cauterisation of a wound work? | [
"Basically, heat \"melts\" the blood vessels, skin, and surrounding tissue together, sealing off anything that could exude fluids from the wound. Imagine the wound to be a plastic straw. If you have ever burned a plastic straw, you can mash the straw together after it has been heated (and before it is cooled) and t... | [
"It's generally the healing process that hurts It takes longer to heal than the amount of time that the anaesthesia covers. Also, certain operations cannot fully be anaesthetised for. Taking out an abscessed tooth for example"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Why/How can China require people to take trash down from Everest when that's in not China? (Nepal) | [
"Half of Everest is in China, one route goes up on the chinese side, and one or two from the nepalese side"
] | [
"Nepal had kept its borders closed up until the 1950's. In the 1950's, they opened their borders to Westerners (partially because they wanted to make alliances with Western nations because they were afraid of the Peoples' Republic of China). So a lot of the eight-thousanders weren't climbed before the 1950's becaus... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit text:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit text:"
} |
How does a lighter click mechinism create a spark? | [
"Most use a material called a piezoelectric. Applying mechanical stress to the material creates electric current. This current flows into the sparking area, which is designed to let a spark jump between two pieces of metal, the current makes that jump which is the spark you see."
] | [
"Small tube inside of large tube when you crack them you break the small tube releasing the chem into the larger one creating a reaction that gives off light"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Do Bees ever face superpopulation issues? | [
"When a bee hive becomes too big they will bread a new queen which takes half the hive with her and leaves. This is how new hives is formed. If there are too many hives in an area then the bees will start attacking each others hives which can kill off the entire hive."
] | [
"Do they both have side effects that include increased heart rate?"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do train track barriers stay down ages before the train even goes past? | [
"The idea is to give as big a window of safety as possible. If you put the barriers down just 5 seconds before the train came, someone could go across slowly and get hit. If you put them down 30 seconds before the train came, someone could stall out on the tracks and not have enough time to restart their car. When ... | [
"Because people think that they can race the train and win. Some people are too impatient to wait the 5 min that it takes a train to pass, and try to beat it across the crossing. These people are idiots."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why are solar panels so reflective? Doesn't that lower their efficiency? | [
"No. One of the biggest problems with current solar panels is that the higher the temperature, the less power it generates. Even the most efficient panels operate around 20% at best. If the panel absorbs too much energy as heat, it would rapidly degrade."
] | [
"1. Solar panels are expensive 2. Solar panels are very inefficient 3. It is not sunny 100% of the time"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what causes the turbulence during air travel? | [
"Windy winds. Traveling at high speeds at high altitudes there are crosswinds (winds from the right/left) and headwinds (from the front) and tail winds (from the back). These winds and wooshing past your wings and from the nose, creating this airflow around your plane. So during conditions where this airflow allows... | [
"The upward power of the wind, and the speed at which water vapor condensates into droplets can vary depending on local weather."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why can't water be compressed? | [
"Basically, because in the liquid state the molecules are as close together as they can come because of their repelling forces. It is possible to compress water, but it takes a huge amount of pressure for a small gain (for example, the water at the bottom of the ocean is compressed about 1.8% compared to the water ... | [
"Water is Hydrogen *ash*. It's already been burnt. It won't burn again."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit passage:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit passage:"
} |
Alignment charts and what each title means | [
"They're based on the Dungeons and Dragons approach to morality for your created characters. In an effort to give players a framework in which to build their characters, D & D suggests a two-axis system. One of good vs evil, one of lawful vs chaotic. So it generates this grid of types, where you can be either end o... | [
"Usually in that wording it would mean a position within an organization."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
How does our brain store song lyrics even from 5 years ago but forget some important things that happen right away? | [
"I would it have to do something with emotions. If you really liked the song and it made you feel good there is higher probability of remembering it. You also remember most things from childhood because it was related to some strong emotion either good or bad."
] | [
"Your brain shuts down most functions while going into sleep mode. The function we're most interested in here is the long term memory. For example can you remember the dreams you had the last 7 days? How about last night? Probably not. You do however typically remember those dreams right as you wake up. It kind of... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the comment:",
"neg": "Represent the comment about Sleep and boredom:"
} |
The keto diet, long term effects | [
"When in ketosis, your body is using fat and protein as a food source. Iirc your body tends to metabolize what ever is most easily burned first. So when you are in ketosis, the fat in your blood is being metabolised. Where as if you were eating sugar, it would continue to free-float while your body burned off the f... | [
"Fat satiates. Check out /r/keto where this is employed as a weight loss technique."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the argument:",
"neg": "Represent the argument about Health and Wellness:"
} |
Why are so many youtubers 'primiering' their videos nowadays instead of just simply uploading them? | [
"Community engagement. The premier function acts like a Livestream in which the uploader and viewers can interact in real time."
] | [
"Because of advertisers. Since on subscription services most of their revenue comes straight from the consumer they are willing to create more diverse content. So they might not have as many viewers but they're getting more money from less viewers. On network TV the advertisers want to be seen by as many people as ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
Why does the north star always point north? | [
"When the earth spins there's a point that never moves, it's like the same point when you spin a basketball on your finger. The north star sits on that point, so where ever you are on the northern hemisphere that star is always in the same spot. The very centre of the northern hemisphere."
] | [
"You look for constellations, or groups of stars, and record their position relative to you. So if constellation X is to the North and constellation Y is to the South and your moving to the right of X, you are going East."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
Why are our lips and nipple area different color than the rest of the skin on our body? | [
"Lips are red/pink ish due to the skin being extremely thin compared to the rest of the body"
] | [
"Number of sweat glands, oil glands, and general sensitivity. Skin on your face is a lot more sensitive than your arms or back for example."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How does Autotune work and can I use it to make me sound really good? | [
"It changes the pitch of your voice to be in tune. You can certainly use it to make you sound great, the pop industry uses it all the time. Often artists sound a lot worse out of the studio because they are not cleaned up be the producer. The software has become much more accessible but was first around and well kn... | [
"Because the guitarist still needs a modicum of skill in order to move his fingers deftly, hit the right chords, get the bends right, and generally make the guitar sound good. Auto-tuning often covers up the obvious fact that a singer is off-key. Use too much auto tune, and most people will figure out that you actu... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit question:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
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What is secondary PTSD? How does it develop? | [
"I had a friend who developed this. He was teaching/mentoring/counselling youth in a compromised community with social issues such as substance abuse, broken families, sexual assault, residential school ‘hangover’, suicide and so on. The amount of horrendous stories he heard and the situation he witnessed unfolding... | [
"PTSD is a relatively new term. What used to be called shell shock or combat fatigue would likely now be diagnosed as PTSD."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
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Why are Super capacitors good replacement for batteries? | [
"They're not good replacement for batteries in most cases. This is due to their high leakage current, in other words, their rapid self-discharge rate. They're good for storing energy over short periods of a few seconds to a few minutes at most. More than that, and the energy loss from internal leakage current tend... | [
"Batteries and yes they need to be replaced from time to time."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit sentence:"
} |
Why do fully healed tattoos rise sometimes? | [
"It can have to do with the type of needle that was used, how deep it was used/pressure, combined with your particular skin. Some artists’/types of tattoos get raised for me when I’m stressed or hot, but most of mine never raise. The one that is most annoying for me was done by an apprentice, and I later learned a ... | [
"For a scrape, the ink shouldn't fade if the tattoo was inked deep enough. Shallow tattoos might not fare so well. I experienced this panic first hand when I scraped my shin and the tattoo going across it lost several layers, but it healed just fine and without fading as the ink was set pretty deep. As long as cuts... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
if the enzymes in saliva help break down foods, including meats, why dont they break down our tongues? | [
"Different enzymes have different functions and break down different things. Salivary amylase, the enzyme in spit, is primarily used to break down carbohydrates into simple sugars. Try putting a bland saltine in your mouth and hold it there.. it'll go from plain cracker to tasting pretty sweet after a minute or so.... | [
"It's exposed to oxygen which activates enzymes (Things that break down parts of other things saliva for example contains a lot of enzymes and it breaks down food in your mouth) that turn it brown in the process. It mainly happens when the skin is not protecting the flesh as oxygen starts the reaction."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the answer:",
"neg": "Represent the answer:"
} |
What causes a volcano to erupt? How does it shoot ash so far into the sky? | [
"Magma is generated in the upper mantle by several different processes. It is buoyant relative to the lower crust so rises up until it reaches neutral buoyancy somewhere between ~3-15km depth typically. As it sits there cooling some minerals start crystallising out. This results in the remaining melt evolving. Thi... | [
"The Earth is covered in a blanket of gasses called the atmosphere. The atmosphere helps keep the Earth warm by hugging the Earth as best it can. However, the farther away from the Earth you get (when you go up a mountain, or in space, for example), the less of a blanket you get, and the colder it is."
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the question:",
"pos": "Represent the document:",
"neg": "Represent the document:"
} |
Why do helium balloons feel less full when taken into cold weather? | [
"This is true of non-helium balloons too. Air particles have more energy and move around more when they're hot, and have less energy and move around less when they're cold. Because they're moving around more, they're pushing on the walls of the balloon more, making it feel more full."
] | [
"The specific altitude will vary depending on the relative pressure of the contents of the balloon and the outside pressure of the air and the balloon's ability to withstand certain pressure differences. A balloon remains inflated because the rubber is thick enough to withstand the pressure from the helium inside, ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the text:",
"neg": "Represent the text:"
} |
what’s the difference between rap and hip-hop? | [
"Hip-hop is the broader culture that was originally conceived of as having four elements: MCing, DJing, Graffiti, and Breakdancing. “Rapping” refers to one of the four elements (MCing) and more broadly speaking “Rap Music” is a combination of 2 of the 4 (DJing/MCing). But that’s more of the old-head hip-hop versio... | [
"Agreed: Rcok n' Roll music is something you can go \"cha cha cha, cha cha cha, rock, step\" to. Closely related to swing, jive, and cha-cha. Rappers should be inducted into the hip-hop hall of fame, as they share a history with soul/hip-hop and dance hall, not rock and roll. Then again, there are all sorts of pop ... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the title:",
"pos": "Represent the paragraph:",
"neg": "Represent the paragraph:"
} |
why is it that when you get paint at the hardware store, they mix so many colors to get the desired color rather than say yellow and blue for green? | [
"They have recipes that are provided by the manufacturers of the paint to make that particular color. It's not something that happens at the store, it's something that happens in the lab at the manufacturer. That said, there are two different types of pigments, and they are used for different reasons. There are pr... | [
"The point of the dye is to change the color from something that is probably grotesque/unappealing, to something more matching our expectations based on described flavor. So let's say your cherry drink is really blue, with all of the chemicals in it, before coloring. you add a heap of red, but it doesn't change muc... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit query:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit document:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit document:"
} |
what is seeking asylum and why is it such a big deal in the US currently? | [
"Asylum is an international set of rules about how people who are in mortal danger from conditions in their home country can be accepted into another country along a different entry path than standard immigration. & #x200B; As to why it's a big deal is that it gets conflated with illegal immigration of people who ... | [
"more like ELI5 why is there so much tension between ethnic groups all over the world"
] | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the sentence:",
"neg": "Represent the sentence:"
} |
How did Baby Boomers destroy the housing market? | [
"They came of age during a golden era when it was easy to achieve the American dream. So they've got a good education, good jobs, and own all of the homes (own their own home, and maybe some rental properties). As a group they're living a lot longer, and so they've just got all of that wealth and housing locked up.... | [
"Here's what I learned from this thread: - Life wasn't really that good anyway - It's my own fault for not saving - My standards are higher than people back then - We have too many bills now - Women joined the workforce - The politicians did it - The jobs went overseas - Corporate executives are taking more money t... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the Reddit title:",
"pos": "Represent the Reddit post:",
"neg": "Represent the Reddit post:"
} |
How are kettle cooked chips made and why does this process make them healthier than traditional chips? | [
"\"Regular\" potato chips are rinsed after they are sliced. This releases a lot of the starch. Kettle cooked chips are sliced thicker and do not get that rinse, which results in harder chip after it is fried. I don't know why you say that kettle-cooked chips are healthier. At the end of the day, it's still a fried... | [
"Fried is just cooked in a pan, like you see people do with sausages or bacon. Deep-frying is when you have a pot or other vessel of heated oil, like you see in some food kitchens that do fried chicken or other fried foods (like McDonald's fries). The main differences is more even and consistent cooking with deep-f... | eli5_question_answer | {
"query": "Represent the query:",
"pos": "Represent the passage:",
"neg": "Represent the passage:"
} |
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