dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
medmcqa | medmcqa_54194 | The following statements are true regarding botulism except - | [
"Infant botulism is caused by ingestion of preformed toxin",
"Clostridium botulinum A, B, C and F cause human disease",
"The gene for botulinum toxin is encoded by a bacteriophage",
"Clostridium baratti may cause botulism"
] | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Infant botulism is caused by ingestion of preformed toxin . Infant botulism is caused by ingestion of spores. Spores are ingested in food, get established in the gut and there produce the toxin. "Seven main types of C. botulinum, designated A - G, produce antigenically distinct toxins with pharmacolog... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_40393 | Antidote for arsenic poisoning is: | [
"Ferric oxide",
"Aluminium oxide",
"Magnesium oxide",
"Nickel oxide"
] | Ans. (A). Ferric oxide(Ref: Parikh 6th/e p. 9.9-9.11; Reddy 30th/e p. 493-494; Essentials of forensic medicine-812)Poisons and AntidotesPoisonAntidoteArsenicFerrous hydroxideQMethanolEthanolQ, 4 MethylpyrazoleBenzodiazepineFlumezenilOPCAtropine, OximesQCyanideEli Lilly antidoteQ (sodium nitrite, amyl nitrite, sodium th... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_3367 | As a general rule, arteries carry : | [
"Urine",
"Lymph fluid",
"Oxygenated blood",
"Deoxygenated blood"
] | All arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body
with the exception of the pulmonary artery which carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_31240 | NOT a ductus dependent congenital heart disease
among the following is | [
"Tetralogy of fallot",
"linterrupted Aortic Arch",
"Tricuspid atresia",
"Truncus arteriosus"
] | Other than Truncus arteriosus, rest all lesions among the choices include maintaining Ductus arteriosus as a part of treatment. | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_26959 | QRS complex is due to? | [
"Ventricular repolarization",
"Ventricular depolarization",
"Atrial repolarization",
"Atrial depolarization"
] | QRS complex is due to right and left ventricular depolarization. Depolarisation of ventricle of hea occurs simultaneously bundle of His and Purkinje fibres.(Ref: General pathology in Textbook of pathology HARSH MOHAN 6th Editon) | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_4609 | A patient with increased BP and decreased heart rate is likely to have all except | [
"Increased ICT",
"Deep sea diving",
"Head trauma",
"Brain tumor"
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_34192 | Drug of choice in intractable hiccups is : | [
"Metoclopramide",
"Fluoxetine",
"Selegiline",
"Chlorpromazine"
] | null | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_16681 | Most common bone involved in haemangioma? | [
"Femur",
"Tibia",
"Pelvis",
"Veebrae"
] | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Veebrae Haemangioma This benign lesion, probably a hemaoma, is composed of vascular spaces lined by endothelial cells. They constitute 1-1.5% of all primary bone neoplasms. It has a peak incidence in the fifth decade (according to Maheshwari, young adults). About 50% of hemangiomas of bone occur in ve... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_5275 | Composition of primer is | [
"Lead peroxide",
"Lead tetrazine",
"Barium nitrate",
"All of above"
] | The primers are composed of lead styphnate, barium nitrate and antimony sulphide. Most centrefire primers are composed of all the three compounds. The detection of these compounds constitutes the basis for the tests to determine whether an individual has fired a firearm. In case of rimfire ammunition, the primer compo... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_21857 | Position of lower limb in post polio deformity of hip: {Repeat! | [
"Extension. Adduction. Internal rotation",
"Extension. Abduction. Internal rotation",
"Flexion. Abduction, External rotation",
"Flexion. Adduction, External rotation"
] | Ans: C (FABER) Ref: Turek's Orthopaedics -Principles and Their Applications, 4th edition. p 529Explanation:Post polio paralysisDuring the acute and convalescent phases of poliomyelitis the patient lies supine in the so called 'frog-legged'position with hips flexed (F), abducted (AB) and externally rotated (ER); the kne... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_22097 | Best investigation for diagnosing amyloidosis | [
"Rectal biopsy",
"Colonscopy",
"CT scan",
"Upper GI endoscopy"
] | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rectal biopsy "The most definitive investigation for Amyloidosis is biopsy".For many years rectal biopsy was the first procedure of choice.An important clinical advance was the recognition that the capillaries in the subcutaneous fat are often involved in patients with systemic amyloidosis and can oft... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_30315 | Which of the following operations was first described by Orringer? | [
"En-bloc esophagectomy",
"Transhiatal esophagectomy",
"Thoracoscopic esophagectomy",
"Transthoracic esophagectomy"
] | Double incision: Midline laparotomy followed by cervical incision Cervical anastomosis is done MC procedure done for carcinoma esophagus | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_27036 | Protein synthesis takes place in: | [
"Stratum basale.",
"Stratum spinosum.",
"Stratum granulosum.",
"Stratum corneum."
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_24021 | Septic arthritis in a 2 year old child is often caused by- | [
"Hemophilous influenzae",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Gonococci",
"Pneumococci"
] | Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of septic arthritis in all ages. | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_49708 | Most common cause of neurological deficit in upper limb is - | [
"Polio",
"Erb's palsy",
"C1-C2 dislocation",
"Fracture dislocation of cervical spine"
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_10559 | After a brawl, a young male presented with inability to extend his distal interphalangeal joint. An X-ray was taken and was shown to be normal. What should he the next step in managing the patient? | [
"Splint",
"Surgery",
"Wax bath",
"Ignore"
] | Ans. a. Splint (Ref. Apley's 8/e p339)Mallet finger is avulsion fracture of distal phalanx due to sudden flexion.Matlet finger (Baseball finger)Avulsion of extensor tendon of the distal interphalangeal joint from its insertion at the base of distal phalanxQ.It results from sudden passive flexionQ of the distal interpha... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_31071 | Atrial fibrillation may occur in all the following conditions except | [
"Mitral stenosis",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Dilated cardiomyopathy",
"Mitral regurgitation"
] | Cardioversion within 48 h of the onset of AF is common practice in patients who have not been anticoagulated, provided that they are not at high risk for stroke due to a prior history of embolic events, rheumatic mitral stenosis, or hyperophic cardiomyopathy with marked left atrial enlargement. Ref Harrison 20th editio... | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_9575 | A young adult has progressive intellectual deterioration, weakness, ataxia, and seizures. Reference laboratory tests demonstrate an abnormality of an impoant mitochondrial enzyme. From which of the following diseases is this person most likely suffering? | [
"Adrenoleukodystrophy",
"Central pontine myelinolysis",
"Krabbe's disease",
"Leigh's disease"
] | Leigh's disease, also known as subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy, is a very rare disease. The specific defective enzyme, in at least some cases, is cytochrome oxidase, one of the components of the electron transpo system. Muscle and brain are paicularly affected. Patients have the presentation described in the q... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_51509 | In an entry wound produced by rifled gun, the antemoem phenomenon is:- | [
"Blackening",
"Charring",
"Tattooing",
"Di collar"
] | Tattooing: It consists of unburnt or paially burnt powder paicles that are embedded in and under the skin through the force of their impact (when the weapon is near enough for the powder grains to strike). Tattooing is an antemoem phenomenon and indicates that the individual was alive; and it cannot be wiped away with ... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_12635 | All are true about rheumatic fever, EXCEPT : | [
"Common in poor socioeconomic group",
"Develops after streptococci pharyngitis",
"Communicable disease",
"Seen in 5- 15 year of children"
] | Ans. is 'c' Communicable disease Rheumatic feverThe incidence of rheumatic fever has declined in developed countries while in developing countries it remains a significant problem.Etiology - Rheumatic fever is associated with infection of the Pharynx and Tonsils by Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus*.Peak age of Inci... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_24732 | An 85-year old male cigar smoker with no notable medical history presented with black discoloration and hairy appearance ofthe tongue, which had lasted several years. He said he did not use bismuth- containing compounds. Cause for this lesion in the tongue is due to - | [
"Aspergillosis",
"Adrenal insufficiency",
"Pellagra",
"Lingua villosa nigra"
] | Black hairy tongue is a condition of the tongue in which the small bumps on the tongue elongate with black or brown discoloration, giving a black and hairy appearance. The appearance may be alarming, but it is a harmless condition. Predisposing factors include smoking, xerostomia (dry mouth), soft diet, poor oral hygie... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_54512 | Gross section of myoardium following myocardial infarction is shown. What could the duration following MI? | [
"Immediate MI",
"2 days",
"2 weeks",
"Postmoem infarct aefact"
] | C - This image shows Interventricular wall rupture. Rupture of myocardial tissue can occur in between 4 -7days Post- MI. (Usually 7-10 days) Commonest complication seen POST-MI is Arrhythmia. Specifically, Ventricular fibrillation. Time Post MI Gross Changes Microscopic Changes Clinical Complications < 4 Hours No obser... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_11511 | In gingivitis, the immunoglobulins are consistent with the increase in number of | [
"Fibroblasts",
"Neutrophils",
"Lymphocytes",
"Plasma cells"
] | null | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_43903 | Krabbe's disease is caused by a defect of - | [
"Ceramidase",
"b galactosidase",
"a galactosidase",
"Galactosyl ceramidase"
] | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Galactosyl ceramidaseLipid storage disordersDisorderEnzyme defectGaucher's diseaseb glucosidaseNiemann Pick diseaseSphingomyelinaseFabry's diseasea galactosidaseGM1 gangliosidosisb galactosidaseGM2 gangliosidosisHexosaminidase ASandhoff s diseaseHexosaminidase A and BKrabbe's diseaseGalactosyl ceramid... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_30860 | Organism responsible for catheter predisposed UTI is: September 2005 | [
"Pseudomonas",
"E. coli",
"Proteus",
"All of the above"
] | Ans. D: All of the above Commensal colonic gram-negative aerobic bacteria cause most bacterial UTIs. In relatively normal tracts, strains of E. coli with specific attachment factors for transitional epithelium of the bladder and ureters are the most frequent causes. The remaining gram-negative urinary pathogens are oth... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_5730 | Hypopigmented lesions are seen in - | [
"Melasma",
"Lichen planus pigmentosus",
"Pityriasis alba",
"Uicaria pigmentosa"
] | In melasma brown / grey brown macular pigmentation with well defined scalloped margins. Pigmentation darkens on sun exposure. Lichen planus pigmentosus produces hyperpigmented slate grey to bluish black coloured macules. melasma is a accquired hyperpigmentary disorder characterised by brownish black or bluish macules o... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_32991 | Length of anal canal | [
"10 - 15 mm",
"15 - 20 mm",
"25 - 30 mm",
"35 - 40 mm"
] | The length of the anal canal is about 4 cm (range, 3-5 cm), with two thirds of this being above the pectinate line (also known as the dentate line) and one third below the pectinate line ref - BDC 6e vol2 pg413 | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_4856 | Which of the following cells synthesize melanin: | [
"Merkel cells.",
"Langerhans cells.",
"Dendritic cells.",
"None."
] | null | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_44413 | The clinical manifestation of canda equina lesion include the following except- | [
"Urinary retention",
"Radicular pain",
"Saddle anasthesia",
"Extensor plantar reflexes"
] | Cauda equina syndrome (CES) signifies an injury of multiple lumbosacral nerve roots within the spinal canal distal to the termination of the spinal cord at L1-2. Low back pain, weakness and areflexia in the legs, saddle anesthesia, or loss of bladder function may occur. The problem must be distinguished from disorders ... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_41049 | Furosemide should not be administered with NSAIDs because latter : | [
"Prevent platelet aggregation",
"Inhibit prostacyclin synthesis",
"Decrease sodium reabsorption",
"Increase the secretion of furosemide in urine"
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_46392 | All true about armoured endotracheal tube except | [
"These are tube with metal wire coil embedded in the wall of the tube shaft.",
"It has radiopaque line like normal ETT",
"It is bend resistant",
"It has slightly thicker outer wall as compared to normal ETT"
] | Just likestandard ET tubes,armored or reinforced tubes have the typical left-facing bevel tip and Murphy eye. Their distinctive feature is ametal wire coilembedded in the wall of the tube shaft. The fact that these tubes contain a metal wire coil means there is no need for a radio-opaque line. Useful in head and neck s... | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_28614 | About adenomyosis, all are true except:- | [
"Associated with dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia",
"Total hysterectomy is the treatment of choice",
"Asymmetrically enlarged and tender uterus",
"Seen in multiparous women"
] | Uterus is Symmetrically enlarged in adenomyosis to not more than 14 weeks size. Adenomyosis Seen in multiparous women >40yrs Associated with Progressive Dysmenorrhea Menorrhagia Treatment Best Rx : Hysterectomy Menorrhagia: NSAIDS , Hormones Young women: Hormones, COCP for longer duration, IUCD with progesterone(mirena... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_4659 | A 19-year-old male, at a routine physical examination for sports activities (long-distance running) at his college, is noticed to have elevated fasting blood glucose levels (about 7.5 mM). Measurements of C-peptide and insulin levels were close to normal under fasting conditions. After eating, blood glucose levels are ... | [
"Autosomal dominant",
"Autosomal recessive",
"Sex linked",
"Mitochondrial"
] | The patient is displaying the signs of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY), which can be caused by a mutation in the pancreatic glucokinase gene, such that its Km is increased. The increase in the Km for glucokinase would lead to glucose only being metabolized at higher-than-normal levels. Once glucose is metab... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_41732 | What is the recommended illumination for general office work? | [
"100 lux",
"400 lux",
"900 lux",
"1000 lux"
] | The recommended illumination for casual reading is 100 lux, 400 lux for office work, 900 lux for fine assembly and for watch making 2000 - 3000 lux is recommended. Ref: Park's Textbook of Preventive Medicine, 17th Edition, Page 519. | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_14138 | Puerperal sepsis/infection occurs up to? | [
"1 week",
"2 week",
"3 week",
"4 week"
] | Ans- B 2 week PUERPERAL SEPSIS DEFINITION Puerperal sepsis is any bacterial infection of the genital tract which occurs after the birth of a baby. It is usually more than 24 hours after delivery before the symptoms and signs appear. Some of the most common bacteria are: streptococci staphylococci escherichia coli (E.co... | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_20092 | According to WHO, what is given to prevent PPH by active management of third stage of labour? | [
"IV PGF2 alpha agonist",
"IM oxytocin",
"IV ergometrine",
"Perrectal prostaglandins"
] | WHO recommendations for prevention of PPH by active management of third stage of labour Components of Active Management of the Third Stage of Labour (WHO)Administration of uterotonic soon after bih of baby.Delayed cord clamping and cutting.Controlled cord traction for delivery of the placenta (Brandt Andrew&;sMethod).U... | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_11088 | In complete breech what is maintained: | [
"Universal flexion",
"Universal extension",
"Flexion at hip and extension at knee",
"Extension of hip and flexion of knee"
] | Ans: a (Universal flexion) Ref: Dutta, 6"' ed, p. 375In complete breech the normal attitude of full flexion is maintained.Thighs are flexed at the hips and the legs at the knees, hence called flexed breech. Frank breech (extended)Complete breech (flexed)Footling breechCommonest typeCommonLess commonSeen in primiSeen in... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_14006 | What is the maximum amount of compensation that can be granted by the state commission under the Consumer's Protection Act? | [
"20 lakh rupees",
"50 lakh rupees",
"1 crore rupees",
"2 crore rupees"
] | A complaint against the medical profession can be filed in the consumer cou. These cous can only give compensation. The monetary limits of the compensation that can be granted by the consumer cous are as follows: (a) District Consumer Cou- upto Rs. 20 lacs (b) State Commission- Rs. 20 lacs to Rs. 1 crore; and (c) Natio... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_24211 | What is the extent of spinal cord in an adult? | [
"Lower border of L1",
"Tip of Coccyx",
"Upper border of L3",
"S2"
] | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Lower border of LI * Spinal cord begins at foramen magnum and, in adults, ends at lower border of LI.StructureExtends uptoAdult spinal cordInfant spinal cordLower border of L} or upper border of L2Upper border of L3 vertebraeFilum terminalePiamaterTip of coccyxDural sheathSubdural spaceSub arachnoid s... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_11166 | Diplopia is characteristic feature of ? | [
"Concomitant squint",
"Non-paralytic squint",
"Paralytic squint",
"Latent squint"
] | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Paralytic squint | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_13175 | True about Legionella pneumonia is - | [
"Acid fast",
"Can be isolated from lung biopsy",
"Gram positive",
"Sputum shows polymorphonuclear leukocytes with organism"
] | Ans. is `b' i.e., Can be isolated from lung biopsy . Legionella is gram negative and non-acid fast. . Legionella can be isolated from lung biopsy. . Sputum shows numerous neutrophils but no organism. | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_32043 | Type of grafts transplanted between genetically different members of the same species? | [
"Autologous grafts",
"Syngeneic grafts",
"Allogeneic grafts",
"Xenogeneic grafts"
] | Types of Graft TissueSeveral different types of grafts are used in medicine:* Autologous grafts (or autografts) are those where tissue is moved from one location to another in the same individual (skin grafting in burns or coronary aery replacement with saphenous veins).* Isografts (or syngeneic grafts) are those trans... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_41745 | Which muscle is irritated by retrocecal appendicitis? | [
"Psoas",
"Obturator",
"Gluteus maximus",
"Quadratus"
] | Ans. (a) PsoasRef: Bailey and Love 27th edition, Page 1303On hyperextension of hip by putting psoas muscle into action -- retrocecal appendicitis pain is exhibited. | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_7446 | Polycystic ovaries are associated with : | [
"Hypopituitarism",
"Ovarian malignancy",
"Endometrial carcinoma",
"Adrenal coical hyperplasia"
] | Endometrial carcinoma | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_41244 | A 40 year old male has vision of 6/60 in right eye and 3/60 in left eye under NPCB, he will be classified as:- | [
"Low vision",
"Economically blind",
"Normal",
"Socially blind"
] | COMPARISON OF WHO AND NPCB DEFINITIONS: WHO-ICD Visual acuity NPCB Low Version Category 1 Category 2 <6/18 - 6/60 <6/60 - 3/60 Low vision Economic/legal Blindness Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 <3/60 - 1/60 <1/60- PL(+) PL(-) Social blindness Manifest blindness Absolute blindness | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_16836 | Which of the following is the most radiosensitive tumor? | [
"Ewing's sarcoma",
"Hodgkin's disease",
"Carcinoma cervix",
"Malignant fibrous histiocytoma"
] | Among the given options, most radiosensitive tumor is Ewing's sarcoma. Most radiosensitive ovarian tumor DysgerminomaQ Most radiosensitive brain tumor MedulloblastomaQ Most radiosensitive kidney tumor Wilms tumorQ Most radiosensitive bone tumor Ewing's sarcomaQ & Multiple myelomaQ | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_8130 | Most common extraintestinal site for amoebiasis is: | [
"Liver",
"Blood",
"Lung",
"Brain"
] | Liver | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_8797 | All of the following structures forms the boundary of the urogenital triangle, EXCEPT: | [
"Pubic rami",
"Ischial tuberosity",
"Ischiocavernosus muscle",
"Superficial transverse perineal muscle"
] | The perineum is divided by an arbitrary line joining the ischial tuberosities into urogenital triangle and anal triangle. The urogenital triangle is bounded by pubic rami superiorly, the ischial tuberosities laterally, and the superficial transverse perineal muscle posteriorly. Perineal membrane fuher divides anterior ... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_12016 | Which of the following should be monitored in patient receiving linezolid therapy? | [
"Renal function",
"Liver function",
"Auditory function",
"Platelet count"
] | Hematologic disturbances in the form of anemia and thrombocytopenia are of main concern while the patient is on linezolid therapy. Ref: Essentials of Medical Pharmacology By KD Tripathi, 5th Edition, Page 691 - 2; Side Effects of Drugs Annual : A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data and Trends in Adverse Drug Reactions ... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_46254 | Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is transmitted by - | [
"Anopheles mosquitoes",
"Sand fly",
"Hard ticks",
"Mites"
] | Hard ticks transmit the following disease Tick typhus Viral encephalitis Viral fever Viral hemorrhagic fever (KFD) Tularemia Tick paralysis Human babesiosis Soft tick transmits Q fever Relapsing fever KFD Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th edition, Page No. 841 | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_19212 | Hypokalemia with hypertension is associated with following except | [
"Liddle's syndrome",
"Conn's syndrome",
"Bartter's syndrome",
"Cushing's syndrome"
] | Ans. c (Bartter's syndrome) (Ref H-18th/ table 284-2; 17th/1801; LB 25th / 811)The combination of hypokalemia and alkalosis in a normotensive, nonedematous patient can be due to Bartter's or Gitelman's syndrome, magnesium deficiency, vomiting, exogenous alkali, or diuretic ingestion. Bartter's syndrome is featured by S... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_35622 | Post disaster (earthquake) in Pakistan, which of the following vaccines is recommended by WHO? | [
"Typhoid",
"Cholera",
"None of the above",
"Tetanus"
] | WHO does not recommend Typhoid, Cholera and Tetanus Toxoid vaccinations in routine use in endemic areas postdisaster
– However, these vaccinations are recommended for health workers. | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_47451 | All of the following are types of avascular nonunion of fracture except NOT RELATED-OHO | [
"Torsion wedge nonunion",
"Oligotrophic nonunion",
"Comminuted nonunion",
"Defect nonunion"
] | Definition (FDA panel) of nonunion: It is said to be established when a minimum of 9 months has elapsed since injury and fracture shows no radiologically visible progress suggestive of healing continuously for 3 months. | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_23264 | Coarctation of Aoa is most commonly associated with which of the following structural defects? | [
"Patent Ductus Aeriosus (PDA)",
"Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)",
"Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)",
"Bicuspid Aoic valve"
] | Coarctation of Aoa is associated with Bicuspid Aoic Valve in 40% of patients. Clinical manifestations of coarctation depend on site & extent of obstruction and the presence of associated cardiac anomalies, most commonly a bicuspid aoic valve. Ref: Current Surgical 12th Edition, Page 426; Harrison's 16th Edition, Page 1... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_52708 | Ramu, presents with recurrent attacks of cholelithiasis, U/S examination shows a dilated CBD of 1 cm. The next line of management is ? | [
"ERCP",
"PTC",
"Cholecystostomy",
"Intravenous cholangiogram"
] | Ans. is A ie. ERCP The first inv. for any pt. with cholelithiasis or jaundice is U/S. Next inv. depends on U/S findings, If the intrahepatic ducts are dilated without any extrahepatic dilatation then the preferred inv. is ----> PTC* If the dilatation is in CBD ---> ERCP*. ERCP may provide direct diagnosis of the distal... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_14636 | How much labial reduction is needed for a porcelain
fused to metal | [
"0.5 - 1 mm",
"1 - 1.5 mm",
"1.5 - 2 mm",
"1.75 - 2 mm"
] | null | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_618 | Complications encountered in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) babies include: | [
"Perinatal asphyxia",
"Hypoglycemia",
"Polycythemia",
"All of the above"
] | Ans. D. All of the aboveBabies who are IUGR have failed to attain their genetic potential of growth. Overall, perinatal mortality and subsequent morbidity have been found to be 8-10 times higher in IUGR fetuses compared to their age appropriate counterparts.Complications of IUGR infants include: Increased mortality, pe... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_23046 | Heat loss at an ambient temperature of 21 degree takes place through | [
"Respiration",
"Radiation",
"Sweating",
"Urine and faeces"
] | Radiation is a process of heat transfer to or from the surroundings mediam . It doesn't require any conducter Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:863,864 | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_20974 | Supratemporal lental subluxation is seen in - | [
"Weil's marchasani syndrome",
"Marfans",
"Hunters",
"Homocystinuria"
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_10832 | True about corynebacterium diphtheria includes all of the following except: | [
"Deep invasion is not seen",
"Elek's test is done for toxigenicity",
"Metachromatic granules are seen",
"Toxigenicity is mediated by chromosomal change"
] | Ans. (d) Toxigenicity is mediated by chromosomal change "Corynebacteriophage beta carries the structural gene (tox+) encoding diphtheria toxin and a family of closely related corynebacteriophage are responsible for toxigenic conversion of tox- C.diphtheria to tox+ phenotype." Elek's gel precipitation test is in vitro t... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_11530 | All are examples of malignant disorders causing myelofibrosis except ? | [
"Chronic myelogenous leukemia",
"Hairy cell leukemia",
"Hodgkin's disease",
"PNH"
] | Disorders Causing Myelofibrosis Acute leukemia (lymphocytic, myelogenous, megakaryocytic) Chronic myelogenous leukemia Hairy cell leukemia Hodgkin's disease Idiopathic myelofibrosis Lymphoma Multiple myeloma Myelodysplasia Polycythemia vera Systemic mastocytosis Ref: Harrison, E-18,P-905. | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_29308 | Use of reversible hydrocolloid needs | [
"Two thermostatically controlled water baths",
"Three thermostatically controlled water baths",
"Four thermostatically controlled water baths",
"Five thermostatically controlled water baths"
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_6562 | Cyst phase does not exist in -a) Gardenella vaginalisb) Trichomonas vaginalisc) Entamoeba hystolyticad) Entamoeba coli | [
"ac",
"a",
"ad",
"ab"
] | null | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_46289 | Infective endocarditis after tooth extraction is probably due to - | [
"Streptococcus viridans",
"Streptococcus pneumoniae",
"Streptococcus pyogenes",
"Staphylococcus aureus"
] | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Streptococcus viridans o Viridans streptococci are normally resident in the mouth and upper respiratory tract. They cause transient bacteremia following tooth extraction or other dental procedures; and get implanted on damaged or prostheticvalves or in a congenitally diseased heart, and grow to form v... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_22350 | Koebner's phenomenon is seen in following except- | [
"Erythema",
"Scleromyxedema",
"Molluscum contagiosum",
"Darrier's disease"
] | null | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_31601 | Autonomic neuropathy has all except - | [
"Gustatory sweating",
"Tachycardia",
"Diarrhoea",
"Pupillary dilatation"
] | null | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_37593 | A 12-year-old boy is rushed to the emergency room in a coma after falling from an upper story window of his home. MRI shows a subdural hematoma over the left hemisphere. What is the most likely source of intracranial bleeding in this patient? | [
"Bridging veins",
"Charcot-Bouchard aneurysm",
"Internal carotid artery",
"Middle meningeal artery"
] | Subdural hematoma reflects torn bridging veins in the subdural space. Unlike the epidural space, the subdural space can expand. Because bleeding in this situation is from veins, it usually stops spontaneously after an accumulation of 25 to 50 mL because of a local tamponade effect. However, this effect also can compres... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_15184 | Spalding's sign is seen in which of the following? | [
"Drowning",
"Mummification",
"Adipocere",
"Maceration"
] | Spalding's sign refers to loss of alignment and overriding of the bones of cranial vault due to shrinkage of the brain after death. It is a sign of maceration. Maceration is a process of aseptic autolysis that occur when the dead child remains in the uterus for some period surrounded with liquor amnii but with the excl... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_29915 | The cell membrane consists of various components, including integral proteins. These integral proteins | [
"Are not attached to the outer leaflet",
"Are not attached to the inner leaflet",
"Include transmembrane proteins",
"Are preferentially attached to the surface"
] | The membrane proteins are classified into two categories: Integral proteins or intrinsic membrane proteins Peripheral proteins or extrinsic membrane proteins. Integral proteins are not only closely associated with the lipid bilayer but also tightly bound to the cell membrane. | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_35410 | Following causes distension of abdomen-a) Hirschsprungsb) Hypokalemiac) Hyperkalemiad) Hypomagnesmia | [
"acd",
"bcd",
"abc",
"abd"
] | null | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_36780 | 70 year old man with cervical lymphadenopathy what can be the cause | [
"Nasopharyngeal carcinoma",
"Angiofibroma",
"Acoustic neuroma",
"Otosclerosis"
] | It is mostly seen in fifth to seventh decades but may involve younger age groups. It is not uncommon to see the cancer of nasopharynx in the twenties and thiies. Cervical nodal metastasis: This may be the only manifestation of nasopharyngeal cancer. A lump of nodes is found between the angle of the jaw and the mastoid ... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_500 | All are growth promoting oncogenes except ? | [
"FGF",
"TGF-a",
"TGF-(3",
"PDGF"
] | Ans. is 'c' i.e.TGF-(3 | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_47326 | Increase in cardiac output seen in pregnancy is:March 2010 | [
"10%",
"20%",
"30%",
"40%"
] | Ans. D: 40%The cardiac output stas to increase from 5t1 week of pregnancy and reaches its peak 40-50% at about 30-34 weeks. Cardiac output increase fuher during labour (+50%) and immediately following delivery (+70%) | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_3215 | Which of the following is responsible for localization of sound ? | [
"Cochlear nerve",
"Cochlea",
"Superior olivary nucleus",
"Cochlear nuclei"
] | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Superior olivary nucleus Localization of sound in space A human can distinguish sounds originating from sources separated by as little as 1 degree. Binaural receptive fields (which is a feature of most auditory neurons above the level of cochlear nuclei) contribute to sound localization. In other word... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_44092 | Drug of choice for pregnant female suspected of having a baby with congenital adrenal hyperplasia | [
"Dexamethasone",
"Betamethasone",
"Hydrocoisone",
"Prednisolone"
] | Refer Goodman Gilman 12/e p 123 To suppress fetal androgen production effectively band consequent virilization Dexamethasone must be initiated before 10 weeks of gestation To treat congenital adrenal hyperplasia is baby hydrocoisone is used. | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_1374 | Most common tumor of eyelid is | [
"Basal cell carcinoma",
"Keratoacanthoma",
"Melanoma",
"Squamous cell carcinoma"
] | Ans. a (Basal cell carcinoma). (Ref. Baily & Love, 25th/pg. 609)BASAL CELL CARCINOMA (BCC, rodent ulcer)# Basal cell carcinoma is the commonest form of skin cancer and typically affects individuals between the ages of 40 and 79 years; 50 percent are male.85 percent occur in the head and neck region.# Are thought to ori... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_20866 | Beta oxidation of fatty acids occur in | [
"Nucleus",
"Mitochondria",
"Cytoplasm",
"Peroxisomes"
] | Tissues in which bbb-Oxidation is carried out: The circulating FA are taken up by various tissues and oxidised. Tissues like liver, hea, kidney, muscle, brain, lungs, testes and adipose tissue have the ability to oxidise long-chain FA. In cardiac muscle, fatty acids are an impoant fuel of respiration (80% of energy der... | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_4722 | Shrinking lung/ kidney is seen in: March 2012 | [
"Scleroderma",
"Rheumatoid ahritis",
"SLE",
"Dermatomyositis"
] | Ans: C i.e. SLEPulmonary manifestations of conditionsRespiratory complication of systemic sclerosis/ scleroderma includes Bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis and cutaneous thoracic restriction (hidebound chest)Respiratory complications of RA includes bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, pulmonary fibrosis, pleurisy and poor heal... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_9138 | Interval between primary and secondary case is called as:- | [
"Serial interval",
"Generation time",
"Incubation period",
"Lead time"
] | The gap in time between the onset of the primary case and the secondary case is called "serial interval". Incubation period: The time interval between invasion by an infectious agent and appearance of the first sign or symptom of the disease in question. Generation time: interval of time between the receipt of infectio... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_52344 | Type I Glomus cells of peripheral chemoreceptors have | [
"CO2 sensitive K+ channels",
"O2 sensitive Cl– channel",
"CO2 sensitive Cl– channel",
"O2 sensitive K+ channel"
] | O2 sensitive K+ channel is present in Type I Glomus cell. | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_642 | A 24-year-old woman who had previously been uneventfully transfused,receives a blood transfusion during surgery and sholy thereafter develops itching, generalized uicaria, laryngeal edema, and dyspnea with wheezing respiration. She has a past history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections and frequent episodes... | [
"IgA",
"IgD",
"IgE",
"IgG"
] | Isolated IgA deficiency It is most often asymptomatic but can be characterized by anaphylactic reactions to transfused blood. It is critical to notify the transfusion service about a patient with possible IgA deficiency prior to giving blood products so that products can be washed to remove any immunoglobulins prior to... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_31554 | Regarding Hangman's fracture true is | [
"High post admission moality",
"Most common axis fracture",
"Surgical treatment is necessary",
"Union almost always occurs"
] | D i.e. Union almost always occurs Hangman's Fracture It occurs when a fracture line passes through the neural arch of the axis (C2) veebraeQ (or rarely into veebral body) It is sometimes known as the injury between cervico - cranium and the rest of cervical spine. Because of its association with judicial execution it i... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_18515 | Which of the following factors affect pulse pressure? | [
"Stroke volume",
"Compliance of aoa",
"Ejection fraction",
"All"
] | Two major factors affect the pulse pressure: (1) the stroke volume output of the hea and (2) the compliance (total distensibility) of the aerial tree. A third, less impoant factor is the character of ejection from the hea during systole. Ref: Guyton's physiology, 11th edition, page 73 | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_47881 | Mallory weiss Syndrome is caused due to tear in ? | [
"Lower esophageal end.",
"Upper esophageal end.",
"Crico pharyngeal junction.",
"Gastro esophageal junction."
] | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Gastroesophageal junction Mallory -Weiss syndrome o Is characterized by mucosal tear at the gastroesophageal junction following a bout of forceful retching (or vomitting, coughing or straining). o The tear is paial thickness, extends through the mucosa and submucosa, but not through the muscular layer... | D | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_41715 | Pulsus paradoxus is seen in- | [
"Shock",
"Elderly",
"Emphysema/Asthma",
"High output state"
] | * Pulsus paradoxus describes an exaggeration of the normal variation in systolic aerial blood pressure seen with respiration (normally falls by <10 mm on inspiration). * It is seen in the presence of- Airway obstruction. - Pericardial tamponade. - Massive pulmonary embolism. * Some conditions associated with pulsus par... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_46550 | Which of the following is not true about amoebiasis? | [
"ALA in 10% causes in tropics",
"Poal system efficient filter",
"Abscess due to suppuration",
"Abscess wall good for culture"
] | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Abscess due to suppuration Amebic liver abscess o Pus in amoebic liver abscess is not due to suppuration, but is a mixture of sloughed liver tissue and blood. o It is chocolate brown in colour and thick in consistency (anchovy sauce pus) o In the tropics 2-10% of the individuals infected with entamoeb... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_13260 | In a case of chest pain with pericarditis and pericardial effusion, pain is referred by - | [
"Phrenic nerve",
"Superficial cardiac plexus",
"Deep cardiac plexus",
"Vagus nerve"
] | Parietal pericardium is supplied by Phrenic nerve. | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_18759 | Antidote for strychnine poisoning is: NEET 13 | [
"Fomepizole",
"Physotigmine",
"Barbiturates",
"Naloxone"
] | Ans. Barbiturates | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_13788 | Granulosa cells produce estrogen with the help of the enzyme : | [
"Alkaline phosphatase",
"Aromatase",
"Acid phosphate",
"Glucuronidase"
] | During the follicular phase under the influence of LH, androgens are produced in the theca cells. The androgens diffuse into granulosa cells where they are aromatised to estradiol androgens-> aromatase -> estradiol and estrone, under FSH influence. Ref: D.C. Dutta's Textbook of Gynaecology, 6th edition, page no: 72 | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_39659 | CSF is partly absorbed by lymphatics around cranial nerves - | [
"I, II, VII, VIII",
"I, II, VI, VII",
"I, III, VII, VIII",
"I, II, VI, VIII"
] | CSF is absorbed through 3 ways:
Arachnoid villi and granulations (main)
Perineural lymphatics around 1st, 2nd, and 8th cranial nerves and
Veins related to spinal nerves. | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_7193 | Chronic arsenic poisoning does not cause | [
"Mesothelioma",
"Anemia",
"Hyperkeratosis of skin",
"Mixed sensory and motor neuropathy"
] | ARSENIC Chronic Poisoning:- It may be due to accidental ingestion of repeated small doses or by taking food or drink in which there are traces of drug. systemic effects:- C.N.S.:- Polyneuritis, anaesthesias,paraesthesia. encephalopathy. Skin:- Pigmentation consists of a finely mottled brown change mostly on the skin fl... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_38421 | The most common cause of obstetrical hemorrhage is ___________ | [
"Uterine atony",
"Retained products",
"Trauma",
"Bleeding disorders"
] | Uterine atony is the most common cause of obstetrical hemorrhage. Uterine atony is the failure of uterus to contract sufficiently after delivery and to arrrest bleeding from vessels at the placental implantation site. Types of PPH: Primary: Hemorrhage occuring within 24 hrs of child bih Most common cause: Atonic PPH. S... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_1547 | Bimatoprost is used in - | [
"Glaucoma",
"Barrett oesophagus",
"Hyperichosis of eyelid",
"NSAIDS ulcer"
] | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Glaucoma o Lantanoprost, bimatoprost, travoprost and unoprostone are prostaglandin analogues used for glaucoma treatment. | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_12446 | Farmer's lung result from exposure to | [
"Aspergillus",
"Thermophilic actinomycetes",
"Cotton dust",
"Silica"
] | (B) Thermophilic actinomycetes # FARMER'S LUNG is due to the inhalation of mouldy hay or grain dust. In grain dust or hay with a moisture content of over 30 per cent bacteria and fungi grow rapidly, causing a rise of temperature to 40 to 50deg C.This heat encourages the growth of thermophilic actinomycetes, of which Mi... | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_40592 | The appliance used for uprighting of molar is | [
"Inclined plane",
"Removable appliance with long labial bow",
"Fixed appliance with auxiliary spring",
"Separating spring"
] | A partial fixed appliance to upright tipped molars consists of bonded brackets on the premolars and canine in that quadrant and either a bonded rectangular tube on the molar or a molar band.
If the molar is severely tipped, a continuous wire that uprights the molar will have side effects (which almost always are undesi... | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_1260 | Most common cause of pyelonephritis in pregnancy is - | [
"E.coli",
"Staphylococcus aureus",
"Gardnella vaginalis",
"B. fragilis"
] | Ans. is 'a' i.e., E. coli Pyelonephritis in pregnancyo There is increased chance of urinary tract infection in females as compared to males.o The overall incidence of pyelonephritis in pregnancy is between 1% and 3%.o It is more common in primigravidae than multiparae. Previous history of urinary tract infection increa... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_22821 | The most common location of hypeensive intracranial hemorrhage is | [
"Subarachnoid space",
"Basal ganglia",
"Cerebellum",
"Brainstem"
] | The most common locations of hypeensive ICH are: 1) Basal ganglia (putamen or caudate), 2) Thalamus, 3) Pons and 4) Cerebellum. Within the basal ganglia region, it is rare for an ICH to specifically affect one area; Ref Harrison20th edition pg 2345 | B | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_52211 | Patient present with pain in base of thumb. What is the tendon marked? | [
"APL and EPB",
"APB and EPB",
"APL and EPL",
"APB and EPL"
] | De Quervain's TenosynovitisDe Quervains tenosynovitis is a stenosing tenosynovitis of unknown aetiology which occurs in the first dorsal compartment at the level of the radial styloid. It involves the common extensor sheath containing the tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. There is palpab... | A | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_37118 | The kidney secrete all of the following hormones except: | [
"Renin",
"Erythropoietin",
"Vasopressin",
"1,2,5 Dihydroxy cholecalciferol"
] | null | C | null |
medmcqa | medmcqa_35990 | A 60-year-old man with diabetes mellitus presents with painless, swollen right ankle joint. Radiographs of the ankle show destroyed joint with a large number of loose bodies. The most probable diagnosis is - | [
"Charcot's joint",
"Clutton's joint",
"Osteoarthritis",
"Rheumatoid arthritis"
] | Painless swollen ankle, destroyed joint and multiple loose bodies in a diabetic patient suggest the diagnosis of Charcot’s joint (neuropathic joint).
Joint destruction without pain is characteristic of Charcot’s joint. | A | null |
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