dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sciq | sciq_4736 | Young eutherians complete their embryonic development within what? | [
"pollen grains",
"spores",
"ovaries",
"uterus"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_9443 | What is the sac-like organ of the body that is important for both mechanical and chemical digestion? | [
"gall bladder",
"kidney",
"spleen",
"stomach"
] | The stomach is a sac-like organ in which food is further digested both mechanically and chemically. (To see an animation of how the stomach digests food, go to the link below. ) Churning movements of the stomach’s thick, muscular walls complete the mechanical breakdown of food. The churning movements also mix food with... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9969 | What is the name for the inner lining of the uterus? | [
"cuticle",
"the epidermis",
"the endometrium",
"the uterine shell"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_10677 | The populations that live in the same area form this? | [
"a community",
"a habitat",
"a biome",
"a colony"
] | All of the populations that live in the same area make up a community . The community that includes the goldfish population also includes the populations of other fish, coral and other organisms. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6937 | Producing light without heat is called what? | [
"luminescence",
"bioluminescence",
"thermoluminescence",
"osmosis"
] | The sun and other stars produce light because they are so hot. They glow with light due to their extremely high temperatures. This way of producing light is called incandescence . Some objects produce light without becoming very hot. They generate light through chemical reactions or other processes. Producing light wit... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7710 | What type of constraints are placed on technological design? | [
"physical and legal",
"legal and social",
"moral and legal",
"physical and social"
] | Technological design constraints may be physical or social. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9804 | What do nerve impulses travel along? | [
"axons",
"membranes",
"pores",
"arteries"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_9482 | What is the time interval required for one complete wave to pass a point called? | [
"period",
"half-life",
"minute",
"cycle"
] | The time interval required for one complete wave to pass a point is called the period . During the period of the wave, an entire wavelength from one crest to the next crest passes a position. The number of waves that pass a single position in one second is called the frequency . The period of a wave and its frequency a... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1411 | Chlorine and bromine gases released into the atmosphere have helped damage what layer of the atmosphere? | [
"stratospheric layer",
"carbon layer",
"ozone layer",
"polluted layer"
] | Unfortunately, the layer of good ozone is being destroyed by air pollution. The chief culprits are chlorine and bromine gases. They are released in aerosol sprays, coolants, and other products. Loss of ozone has created an ozone hole over Antarctica. Ozone depletion results in higher levels of UV radiation reaching Ear... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4523 | Because several genes, each with more than one allele, contribute to determining height in humans, height is considered what kind of trait? | [
"epigenetic",
"adaptive",
"maladaptive",
"polygenic"
] | An example of a human polygenic trait is adult height. Several genes, each with more than one allele, contribute to this trait, so there are many possible adult heights. For example, one adult’s height might be 1.655 m (5.430 feet), and another adult’s height might be 1.656 m (5.433 feet) tall. Adult height ranges from... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7447 | Steel, bronze, and brass are examples of what? | [
"alloys",
"chemicals",
"compounds",
"oxides"
] | Pure metals may be less useful than mixtures of metals, called alloys. Examples of alloys include steel, bronze, and brass. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3884 | What is the measure of kinetic energy of the particles in matter? | [
"temperature",
"precipitation",
"energy",
"friction"
] | Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in matter. In everyday usage, temperature indicates a measure of how hot or cold an object is. Temperature is an important parameter in chemistry. When a substance changes from solid to liquid, it is because there was an increase in the temperature... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4005 | What do most ecosystems get energy from? | [
"sunlight",
"magma",
"evaporation",
"moisture"
] | When it comes to energy, ecosystems are not closed. They need constant inputs of energy. Most ecosystems get energy from sunlight. A small minority get energy from chemical compounds. Unlike energy, matter is not constantly added to ecosystems. Instead, it is recycled. Water and elements such as carbon and nitrogen are... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2907 | Sperm propel themselves through secretions in the uterus and enter what tube? | [
"gaseous",
"ovarian",
"fallopian",
"uterine"
] | A day or two after an ovary releases an egg, the egg may unite with a sperm. Sperm are deposited in the vagina during sexual intercourse. They propel themselves through secretions in the uterus and enter a fallopian tube. This is where fertilization normally takes place. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9456 | Cow manure can have a second life as a source of what gas? | [
"methane",
"hydrogen",
"freon",
"ethanol"
] | Cow manure can have a second life as a source of methane gas, which can be converted to electricity. Not only that food scraps can also be converted into green energy. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4176 | What is calculated by adding together the atomic masses of the elements in the substance, each multiplied by its subscript (written or implied) in the molecular formula? | [
"mass effect",
"magnetic mass",
"fractional mass",
"molecular mass"
] | Molecular and Formula Masses The molecular mass of a substance is the sum of the average masses of the atoms in one molecule of a substance. It is calculated by adding together the atomic masses of the elements in the substance, each multiplied by its subscript (written or implied) in the molecular formula. Because the... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9629 | What are electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths called? | [
"sound waves",
"radio waves",
"channel waves",
"infrared waves"
] | Electromagnetic waves on the left side of the Figure above are called radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves with the longest wavelengths. They may have wavelengths longer than a soccer field. They are also the electromagnetic waves with the lowest frequencies. With their low frequencies, they have the leas... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9312 | In a transverse wave, the highest point the wave reaches is known as the? | [
"crest",
"flow",
"valley",
"axis"
] | In a transverse wave, particles of the medium move up and down at right angles to the direction of the wave. Wave amplitude of a transverse wave is the difference in height between the crest and the resting position. The crest is the highest point particles of the medium reach. The higher the crests are, the greater th... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8291 | What tides occur during the new moon and full moon? | [
"spring",
"bottom",
"autumn",
"high"
] | Spring tides occur during the new moon and full moon. The Sun and Moon are in a straight line either on the same side of Earth or on opposite sides. Their gravitational pull combines to cause very high and very low tides. Spring tides have the greatest tidal range. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5397 | What do you call large, y-shaped proteins that recognize and bind to antigens? | [
"proteins",
"antibodies",
"membranes",
"parasites"
] | Plasma cells are activated B cells that secrete antibodies. Antibodies are large, Y-shaped proteins that recognize and bind to antigens. Plasma cells are like antibody factories, producing many copies of a single type of antibody. The antibodies travel throughout the body in blood and lymph. Each antibody binds to just... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3193 | Unlike theories, which are proved true, what are often falsified? | [
"conclusions",
"hypotheses",
"samples",
"controls"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_6166 | What is the energy that flows as a result of a difference in temperature? | [
"heat",
"electricity",
"magnetism",
"polarity"
] | Heat is the energy that flows as a result of a difference in temperature. We use the symbol for heat. Heat, like all forms of energy, is measured in joules. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6621 | What do you call resources that can be replaced at the rate they are being used? | [
"renewable",
"innovative",
"abundant",
"viable"
] | Renewable resources can be replaced at the rate they are being used. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9418 | Which germ layers are essential for animal embryos to grow and develop into a body? | [
"endoderm, ectoderm, mesoderm",
"cytoplasm and chloroplasm",
"histone and melatonin",
"keratinocytes , ectoderm , mesoderm"
] | The three germ layers are the endoderm, the ectoderm, and the mesoderm. Cells in each germ layer differentiate into tissues and embryonic organs. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis, among other tissues. The mesoderm gives rise to the muscle cells and connective tissue in the body. The endod... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5466 | Sedimentary rocks form in what kind of layers? | [
"magnetic",
"stacked",
"vertical",
"horizontal"
] | Sedimentary rocks are formed in horizontal layers. This is magnificently displayed around the southwestern United States. The arid climate allows rock layers to be well exposed ( Figure below ). The lowest layers are the oldest and the higher layers are younger. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3009 | An unknown genotype can be determined by observing what, the term for characteristics of the resulting offspring? | [
"phenotypes",
"abnormalities",
"clusters",
"chromosonal variations"
] | Consider the following example: Suppose you have a purple and white flower and purple color ( P ) is dominant to white ( p ). The white flower must be homozygous for the recessive allele, but the genotype of the purple flower is unknown. It could be either PP or Pp . A testcross will determine the organism's genotype. ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3663 | What do you call mixtures of ash and water that travel down river valleys? | [
"pollutants",
"lahars",
"mud slides",
"debris"
] | Lahars are mixtures of ash and water that travel down river valleys. On Mount St. Helens, the eruption melted glaciers. The water mixed with ash from the eruption and created tremendous lahars. The lahars raced down valleys and knocked out many bridges. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4085 | The common earthworm and leeches are examples of what type of worm? | [
"segmented",
"castrated",
"elongated",
"encapsulated"
] | Segmented worms include the common earthworm and leeches. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5812 | What bonds cause water to have a high boiling point, leaving most water on earth in a liquid state rather than in a gaseous state? | [
"carbon bonds",
"hydrogen bonds",
"helium bonds",
"potassium bonds"
] | Hydrogen bonds cause water to have a relatively high boiling point of 100°C (212°F). Because of its high boiling point, most water on Earth is in a liquid state rather than in a gaseous state. Water in its liquid state is needed by all living things. Hydrogen bonds also cause water to expand when it freezes. This, in t... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_11462 | What is the term for when two opposing processes reach the same speed, resulting in no overall change? | [
"equilibrium",
"neutralization",
"acceleration",
"homeostasis"
] | Imagine you are stranded in a rowboat in the middle of the ocean. Suddenly, your boat springs a small leak, and you need to bail out water. You grab a bucket and begin to bail. After a few minutes, your efforts against the leak keep the water to only about half an inch, but any further bailing doesn’t change the water ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9146 | What type of fertilization do most reptiles use to reproduce? | [
"internal",
"asexual",
"external",
"mechanical"
] | After food is broken down into nutrient molecules, the molecules are absorbed by the blood. Absorption is the process in which nutrients or other molecules are taken up by the blood. Once absorbed by the blood, nutrients can travel in the bloodstream to cells throughout the body. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5128 | Which water from the equator mixes with cold water from the poles? | [
"warm",
"hot",
"spring water",
"ice water"
] | Water flows through all the world’s oceans. Warm water from the Equator mixes with cold water from the poles. The mixing of warm and cold water makes the water temperature moderate. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4913 | What do you call the lower layer of soil that is permanently frozen, and is a frequent feature of tundra? | [
"underfoot",
"solvent",
"solid",
"permafrost"
] | Polar climates are found near the North and South Poles. They also occur on high mountains at lower latitudes. The summers are very cool, and the winters are frigid. Precipitation is very low because it’s so cold. The growing season is very short. Tundra prefers areas of permafrost. Permafrost is a lower layer of soil ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4206 | What do you call any substance in food that the body needs? | [
"a nutrient",
"dietary",
"antioxidant",
"beneficial"
] | There are a variety of substances in foods that the body needs. Any substance in food that the body needs is called a nutrient. There are six major types of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, water, minerals, and vitamins. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids can be used for energy. Proteins also provide buildi... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5334 | Muscles and skin are examples of what, consisting of specialized cells? | [
"tissues",
"ligaments",
"molecules",
"layers"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_2922 | Which blood vessels is oxygen transferred through? | [
"cilia",
"veins",
"arteries",
"capillaries"
] | Of the 23 pairs of human chromosomes, 22 pairs are autosomes (numbers 1–22 in Figure above ). Autosomes are chromosomes that contain genes for characteristics that are unrelated to sex. These chromosomes are the same in males and females. The great majority of human genes are located on autosomes. At the link below, yo... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6296 | What part of the kangaroo helps it balance when it leaps as well as when it sits? | [
"large feet",
"the pouch",
"the tail",
"the spine"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_3286 | Connected to agriculture, forestry, mining, and urbanization, what is the single biggest cause of extinction today? | [
"hunting",
"freshwater loss",
"global warming",
"habitat loss"
] | The single biggest cause of extinction today is habitat loss . Agriculture, forestry, mining, and urbanization have disturbed or destroyed more than half of Earth’s land area. In the U. S. , for example, more than 99 percent of tall-grass prairies have been lost. Other causes of extinction today include:. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11310 | What can be calculated given the mass and speed of an object? | [
"harmonic energy",
"kinetic energy",
"systematic energy",
"residual energy"
] | Given the mass and speed of an object, calculate its kinetic energy. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5906 | What type of resource is water power? | [
"geothermal",
"renewable",
"nonrenewable",
"biological"
] | Water power does not burn a fuel. So it causes less pollution than many other kinds of energy. Water power is also a renewable resource. Water keeps flowing downhill. Although we use some of the energy from this movement, we are not using up the water. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10546 | What is a sugar that is found in fruits? | [
"sucrose",
"fructose",
"glucose",
"ethanol"
] | In the Figure below , you can see structural formulas for glucose and two other sugars, named fructose and sucrose. Fructose is a sugar that is found in fruits. It is an isomer of glucose. Isomers are compounds that have the same atoms but different arrangements of atoms. Do you see how the atoms are arranged different... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9750 | What is the role of the sodium ion in the neutralization reaction of sodium flouride? | [
"circuit ion",
"spectator ion",
"reflection ion",
"team ion"
] | Since sodium fluoride is soluble, the sodium ion is a spectator ion in the neutralization reaction. The fluoride ion is capable of reacting, to a small extent, with water, accepting a proton. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7492 | Electrophiles have a strong tendency to react with what? | [
"nucleophiles",
"resistors",
"neutrons",
"acids"
] | Electrophiles have a strong tendency to react with nucleophiles. CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7420 | The loss of oxygen to the heart muscle causes that part of the tissue to what? | [
"beat harder",
"thrive",
"die",
"beat erratically"
] | The image below shows the way in which a blocked coronary artery can cause a heart attack. The loss of oxygen to the heart muscle cause that part of the tissue to die. Maybe one day, stem cell therapy will allow for the replacement of the dead cells with new cardiac muscle cells. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6780 | All polar compounds contain what type of bonds? | [
"strong",
"balanced",
"weak",
"polar"
] | Polar compounds, such as water, are compounds that have a partial negative charge on one side of each molecule and a partial positive charge on the other side. All polar compounds contain polar bonds (although not all compounds that contain polar bonds are polar. ) In a polar bond, two atoms share electrons unequally. ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2254 | What devices do astronomers use to see objects at wavelengths all across the electromagnetic spectrum? | [
"spectrographs",
"telescopes",
"microscopes",
"levels"
] | Many extremely interesting objects can’t be seen with the unaided eye. Astronomers use telescopes to see objects at wavelengths all across the electromagnetic spectrum. Some very hot stars emit light primarily at ultraviolet wavelengths. There are extremely hot objects that emit X-rays and even gamma rays. Some very co... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9472 | What kind of reproduction involves just one parent and produces offspring genetically identical to each other and to the parent? | [
"microscopic reproduction",
"organic reproduction",
"sexual reproduction",
"asexual reproduction"
] | Asexual reproduction is simpler than sexual reproduction. It involves just one parent. The offspring are genetically identical to each other and to the parent. All prokaryotes and some eukaryotes reproduce this way. There are several different methods of asexual reproduction. They include binary fission, fragmentation,... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8907 | What do a group of cells that work together form? | [
"molecule",
"organelle",
"tissue",
"organ"
] | Cells are grouped together to carry out specific functions. A group of cells that work together form a tissue . Your body has four main types of tissues, as do the bodies of other animals. These tissues make up all structures and contents of your body. An example of each tissue type is pictured in the Figure below . | C | null |
sciq | sciq_441 | What term describes the orientation of a body lying face-down? | [
"Diagnal",
"Supine",
"prone",
"Under"
] | A body that is lying down is described as either prone or supine. Prone describes a face-down orientation, and supine describes a face up orientation. These terms are sometimes used in describing the position of the body during specific physical examinations or surgical procedures. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6117 | What weather events move with the prevailing winds and originate in the trade winds in the northern hemisphere? | [
"earthquakes",
"droughts",
"tsunamis",
"hurricanes"
] | Hurricanes move with the prevailing winds. In the Northern Hemisphere, they originate in the trade winds and are blown to the west. When they reach the westerlies, they switch direction. So they travel toward the north or northeast. You can look at a map of hurricane tracks to see this happen ( Figure below ). Hurrican... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9070 | What do you call a condition caused by mutations in one or more genes? | [
"intrinsic disorder",
"mutation disorder",
"genetic disorder",
"evolutionary disorder"
] | Mutations can result in errors in protein sequence, creating partially or completely non-functional proteins. These can obviously result in harm to the cell and organism. To function correctly and maintain homeostasis , each cell depends on thousands of proteins to all work together to perform the functions of the cell... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6465 | What is a gram stain used to identify ? | [
"different types of liquids",
"different types of bacteria",
"acids or bases",
"radioactivity"
] | Different types of bacteria stain a different color when Gram stain is applied to them. This makes them easy to identify. Some stain purple and some stain red, as you can see in Figure below . The two types differ in their outer layers. This explains why they stain differently. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_810 | What is another word for saturated hydrocarbons? | [
"enzymes",
"alkanes",
"aldehydes",
"catalysts"
] | Saturated hydrocarbons contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are also called alkanes. They may form straight-chain, branched-chain, or cyclic molecules. Compounds with the same number of atoms but different shapes are called isomers. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5518 | Sodium-potassium pumps help nerve cells establish a voltage across their what? | [
"potassium membranes",
"plasma membranes",
"cell walls",
"sodium membranes"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_6187 | Waste leaves the body in the form of what? | [
"stomach acid",
"impurities",
"feces",
"saliva"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_6581 | Diarrhea due to food poisoning is an example of a problem involving what organ system? | [
"muscular system",
"digestive system",
"skeletal system",
"lung system"
] | Much of the time, you probably aren’t aware of your digestive system. It works well without causing any problems. But most people have problems with their digestive system at least once in a while. Did you ever eat something that didn’t “agree” with you? Maybe you had a stomachache or felt sick to your stomach. Perhaps... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10212 | What is the purpose of water molds in fresh water environments? | [
"fish food",
"decomposition",
"oxygen production",
"wave production"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_5259 | What is rusting an example of? | [
"Decomposition",
"radiation change",
"chemical change",
"contamination change"
] | Comets carry materials in from the outer solar system. Comets may have brought water into the early Earth. Other substances could also have come from comets. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7371 | Name the missing type of friction: static, rolling, fluid _____? | [
"sliding",
"falling",
"dragging",
"turning"
] | Friction is the force that opposes motion between any surfaces that are in contact. There are four types of friction: static, sliding, rolling, and fluid friction. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1690 | What is the lowest energy state of the atom called? | [
"work state",
"active state",
"base state",
"ground state"
] | The electrons in an atom tend to be arranged in such a way that the energy of the atom is as low as possible. The ground state of an atom is the lowest energy state of the atom. When those atoms are given energy, the electrons absorb the energy and move to a higher energy level. These energy levels of the electrons in ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9997 | What type of alloys are used in musical instruments? | [
"bronze",
"plastics",
"brass",
"copper"
] | Brass alloys have long been employed in musical instruments. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_3452 | What are small gnawing mammals such as rats and mice called? | [
"miniatures",
"marsupials",
"furries",
"rodents"
] | Rodents include rats, mice, and other small gnawing mammals. They have a single pair of continuously growing incisors (teeth) in each of the upper and lower jaws that must be kept short by gnawing. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6469 | What is secreted before ejaculation to neutralize acidic urine remaining in the urethra? | [
"pre-cum",
"semen",
"clear mucus",
"sperm"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_8470 | On a topographic map, what is the term for a line of equal elevation? | [
"contour line",
"latitude line",
"crater line",
"aurora line"
] | The topography of a region can be shown on a map. Topographic maps represent geographical features, such as hills and valleys. Topographic maps use contour lines to show geographical features. A contour line is a line of equal elevation. If you walk along a contour line, you will not go uphill or downhill. Topographic ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10693 | What is the unique layer of nerve cells covering the cerebrum in mammals' brains called? | [
"the neural",
"the neocortex",
"cerebral cortex",
"the midbrain"
] | The brains of all mammals have a unique layer of nerve cells covering the cerebrum. This layer is called the neocortex (the pink region of the brains in Figure above ). The neocortex plays an important role in many complex brain functions. In some mammals, such as rats, the neocortex is relatively smooth. In other mamm... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_1078 | What do people apply to their lawns that causes water pollution? | [
"water",
"manure",
"seeds",
"chemicals"
] | People pollute water when they apply excess chemicals to their lawn. They may also dispose of pollutants incorrectly. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8309 | What are the three types of mixtures? | [
"solutions, suspensions, colloids",
"absorbing , suspensions , colloids",
"Powders, Gels, Smooth",
"cosmic , suspensions , colloids"
] | Mixtures have different properties depending on the size of their particles. Three types of mixtures based on particle size are solutions, suspensions, and colloids, all of which are described in Table below . You can watch videos about the three types of mixtures at these URLs:. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_509 | Gymnosperms have seeds but do not have what? | [
"stems",
"roots",
"leaves",
"flowers"
] | Gymnosperms have seeds but do not have flowers. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2920 | Because glucose is a major cellular fuel, starch represents a supply of what? | [
"oxygen",
"hydrogen",
"carbon",
"energy"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_9269 | In an experiment, what is kept constant so they will not affect the results, including affecting the dependent variable? | [
"similar controls",
"experimental controls",
"educated controls",
"atmospheric controls"
] | Experimental controls are other factors that might affect the dependent variable. They are kept constant so they will not affect the results of the experiment. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5473 | The farther an area is from the equator, what happens to the temperature? | [
"it fluctuates",
"it increases",
"it gets lower",
"it stabilizes"
] | At higher latitudes, the Sun’s rays are less direct. The farther an area is from the Equator, the lower its temperature. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10675 | What is the study of chemical processes that occur in living things? | [
"biochemistry",
"cardiology",
"physiology",
"phrenology"
] | Biochemistry is the study of chemical processes that occur in living things. Research may cover basic cellular processes up to understanding disease states so better treatments can be developed. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_963 | Why do players with more mass often have a larger impact in football? | [
"potential energy is lower",
"kinetic energy is lower",
"momentum is larger",
"Velocity is larger"
] | Figure 28.18 Momentum is an important concept for these football players from the University of California at Berkeley and the University of California at Davis. Players with more mass often have a larger impact because their momentum is larger. For objects moving at relativistic speeds, the effect is even greater. (cr... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9297 | What is the term for diseases in which blood does not clot normally? | [
"arthritis",
"hemophilia",
"diabetes",
"lymphoma"
] | Hemophilia is a group of diseases in which blood does not clot normally. Factors in blood are involved in clotting. When you bleed, your body begins a coagulation cascade of reactions, involving special proteins known as coagulation factors, to stop that bleeding. When one or more of these clotting factors are missing,... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7021 | The rate the magma cools determines what property of the rock? | [
"texture",
"color",
"size",
"location"
] | The rate the magma cools determines the texture of the rock. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4372 | Both mitosis and meiosis result in eukaryotic cells doing what? | [
"multiplication",
"limiting",
"friction",
"dividing"
] | Both mitosis and meiosis result in eukaryotic cells dividing. So what is the difference between mitosis and meiosis? The primary difference is the differing goals of each process. The goal of mitosis is to produce two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, meaning the new cells have exactly t... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_354 | Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, which produces what? | [
"cold",
"life",
"heat",
"precipitation"
] | You know that friction produces heat. That’s why rubbing your hands together makes them warmer. But do you know why the rubbing produces heat? Friction causes the molecules on rubbing surfaces to move faster, so they have more heat energy. Heat from friction can be useful. It not only warms your hands. It also lets you... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1437 | Which property can you study by comparing the mass of an object relative to its size? | [
"density",
"weight",
"volume",
"motion"
] | A golf ball and a table tennis ball are about the same size. However, the golf ball is much heavier than the table tennis ball. Now imagine a similar size ball made out of lead. That would be very heavy indeed! What are we comparing? By comparing the mass of an object relative to its size, we are studying a property ca... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3608 | What is a force that opposes motion? | [
"tension",
"momentum",
"friction",
"thrust"
] | Friction is a force that opposes motion. Any two objects in contact have what is called a mutual coefficient of friction. To find the force of friction between them, we multiply the normal force by this coefficient. Like the forces above, it arises due to electromagnetic interactions of atoms in two objects. There are ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7764 | The name of the cation comes first, followed by the name of the anion, in what kind of compound? | [
"localized compound",
"covalent bonds",
"ionic compound",
"magnetic compound"
] | Names of ionic compounds are derived from the names of the ions, with the name of the cation coming first, followed by the name of the anion. If an element can form cations of different charges, there are two alternate systems for indicating the compound’s name. In the Stock system, a roman numeral in parentheses indic... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7388 | There are two types of digestion, mechanical and what else? | [
"radiation",
"thermal",
"chemical",
"mineral"
] | Digestion consists of mechanical and chemical digestion. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9783 | Does water get colder or warmer the deeper you go? | [
"neither",
"colder",
"warmer",
"colder, than warmer"
] | Water also gets colder as you go deeper. The weight of the water pressing down from above increases as well. At great depths, life becomes very difficult. The pressure is so great that only specially adapted creatures can live there. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_6225 | Which organisms break down either organic or inorganic molecules to supply energy for the cell? | [
"spicule organisms",
"asexual organisms",
"chemotrophic organisms",
"photoreactive organisms"
] | Chemotrophic organisms break down either organic or inorganic molecules to supply energy for the cell. Some chemotrophic organisms can also use their organic energy-supplying molecules as a carbon supply, which would make them chemoheterotrophs. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_3963 | What is the name of the the most efficient possible engine? | [
"ventilation engine",
"carnot engine",
"excitation engine",
"diesel engine"
] | An ideal engine, the most efficient theoretically possible, is called a Carnot Engine. Its efficiency is given by the following formula, where the temperatures are, respectively, the temperature of the exhaust environment and the temperature of the heat input, in Kelvins. In a Carnot engine heat is input and exhausted ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8016 | In addition to spiral cleavage, protostomes also undergo which other form of cleavage? | [
"dispersive",
"diagonal",
"straight",
"determinate"
] | There is a second distinction between the types of cleavage in protostomes and deuterostomes. In addition to spiral cleavage, protostomes also undergo determinate cleavage. This means that even at this early stage, the developmental fate of each embryonic cell is already determined. A cell does not have the ability to ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10351 | What element enters the body when an organism breathes? | [
"helium",
"oxygen",
"methane",
"water"
] | What goes into the cell? Oxygen and glucose are both reactants of cellular respiration. Oxygen enters the body when an organism breathes. Glucose enters the body when an organism eats. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_11386 | Where does the natural synthesis of lactose occur? | [
"ovarian tissue",
"liver tissue",
"mammary tissue",
"nervous tissue"
] | Lactose Lactose is known as milk sugar because it occurs in the milk of humans, cows, and other mammals. In fact, the natural synthesis of lactose occurs only in mammary tissue, whereas most other carbohydrates are plant products. Human milk contains about 7.5% lactose, and cow’s milk contains about 4.5%. This sugar is... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9515 | What is the term for animals that defend their area? | [
"territorial",
"contain",
"Grazing",
"predatory"
] | Some species of animals are territorial . This means that they defend their area. The area they defend usually contains their nest and enough food for themselves and their offspring. A species is more likely to be territorial if there is not very much food in their area. Having a larger territory could mean more prey o... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3297 | What do we call the diffusion of water across a membrane because of a difference in concentration? | [
"hemostasis",
"cell transportation",
"osmosis",
"electrolysis"
] | The diffusion of water across a membrane because of a difference in concentration is called osmosis. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5469 | What type of disorders are caused by mutations in genes or abnormal numbers of chromosomes? | [
"emotional disorders",
"immune system disorders",
"genetic disorders",
"thyroid disorders"
] | Many genetic disorders are caused by mutations in one or a few genes. Other genetic disorders are caused by abnormal numbers of chromosomes. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6449 | Supercontinents have formed at least how many times in earth history? | [
"twenty",
"five",
"nine",
"two"
] | The first continents were small but they grew over time. Supercontinents have formed at least five times in Earth history. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_1083 | The major component of a solution is called what? | [
"mixture",
"water",
"solute",
"solvent"
] | The major component of a solution is called the solvent. The minor component of a solution is called the solute. By major and minor we mean whichever component has the greater presence by mass or by moles. Sometimes this becomes confusing, especially with substances with very different molar masses. However, here we wi... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_348 | Water is recycled constantly through which system? | [
"the hydropshere",
"the habitat",
"the ecosystem",
"the troposphere"
] | Water is recycled constantly through the ecosystem. That means any water you drank today has been around for millions of years. You could be drinking water that was once drunk by George Washington, the first humans, or even the dinosaurs. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6070 | When you change a magnetic field through electromagnetic induction what do you create? | [
"cooling current",
"microwave current",
"electric current",
"Light Current"
] | The process of generating electric current with a changing magnetic field is called electromagnetic induction . It occurs whenever a magnetic field and an electric conductor, such as a coil of wire, move relative to one another. As long as the conductor is part of a closed circuit, current will flow through it whenever... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6939 | How many large eggs are generated during oogenesis? | [
"4",
"2",
"3",
"one"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_211 | What is the name of the galaxy we live in? | [
"Bode's Galaxy",
"Andromeda",
"Centaurus A",
"milky way"
] | Like other spiral galaxies, our galaxy has a disk, a central bulge, and spiral arms. The disk is about 100,000 light-years across and 3,000 light-years thick. Most of the Galaxy’s gas, dust, young stars, and open clusters are in the disk. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6890 | A red blood cell will swell and burst when placed in a? | [
"dissolved solution",
"acidic solution",
"hypotonic solution",
"exothermic solution"
] | A cell that does not have a rigid cell wall, such as a red blood cell, will swell and lyse (burst) when placed in a hypotonic solution. Cells with a cell wall will swell when placed in a hypotonic solution, but once the cell is turgid (firm), the tough cell wall prevents any more water from entering the cell. When plac... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_11516 | Parenchymal, collenchymal, and sclerenchymal cells are associated with what types of living things? | [
"primates",
"fungi",
"parasites",
"plants"
] | Different types of plant cells include parenchymal, collenchymal, and sclerenchymal cells. The three types differ in structure and function. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1028 | What do fungi absorb to get their nutrition? | [
"water",
"air",
"organic compounds from other organisms",
"soil"
] | Most fungi grow on moist soil or rotting vegetation such as dead logs. Some fungi live in water. Others live in or on other organisms. Fungi get their nutrition by absorbing organic compounds from other organisms. The other organisms may be dead or alive, depending on the fungus. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_8764 | What do you call reversible changes that do not change matter’s chemical makeup or chemical properties? | [
"element changes",
"physical changes",
"chemical changes",
"potential changes"
] | A change of state occurs whenever matter changes from one state to another. Changes of state are physical changes in matter. They are reversible changes that do not change matter’s chemical makeup or chemical properties. | B | null |
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