dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sciq | sciq_11474 | In which organ does a baby develop? | [
"pancreas",
"ovaries",
"pelvis",
"uterus"
] | The uterus is a hollow organ with muscular walls. The uterus is where a baby develops until birth. The walls of the uterus stretch to accommodate the growing fetus. The muscles in the walls contract to push the baby out during birth. The uterus is connected to the vagina by a small opening called the cervix. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3835 | Where can composite volcanoes most frequently be found? | [
"convergent boundaries",
"astatine boundaries",
"transform boundaries",
"divergent boundaries"
] | Composite volcanoes are common at convergent boundaries. Shield volcanoes are produced at divergent plate boundaries and intraplate. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3867 | What is defined as the temperature plus precipitation of an area over a long period of time? | [
"environment",
"climate",
"weather",
"conditions"
] | Climate is the temperature plus precipitation of an area. Not just today, but over a long period of time. Climate affects chemical weathering. Chemical weathering increases as:. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_11373 | Isothermal expansion is a process occurring without a change in? | [
"weight",
"temperature",
"variation",
"precipitation"
] | isothermal expansion is a process occurring without a change in temperature. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5187 | Ions move through what to maintain electrical neutrality in the cell? | [
"the plasma",
"the membrane",
"the protein",
"the substrate"
] | 4. Ions move through the membrane to maintain electrical neutrality in the cell. In the cell illustrated above, sulfate ions will move from the copper side to the zinc side to compensate for the decrease in Cu 2+ and the increase in Zn 2+ . | B | null |
sciq | sciq_11632 | What is the term for a change in the inherited traits of organisms over time? | [
"emergence",
"generation",
"mutation",
"evolution"
] | Darwin proposed the theory of evolution by natural selection. Evolution is a change in the inherited traits of organisms over time. Natural selection is the process by which living things with beneficial traits produce more offspring, so their traits become more common over time. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_904 | The large positive free energy change leads to a value that is extremely what? | [
"complex",
"small",
"random",
"high"
] | The large positive free energy change leads to a value that is extremely small. Both lead to the conclusion that the reactants are highly favored and very few product molecules are present at equilibrium. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7082 | Does overhead irrigation or drip irrigation use less water? | [
"mist irrigation",
"drip irrigation",
"stream irrigation",
"constant flow"
] | Irrigation is the single biggest use of water. Overhead irrigation wastes a lot of water. Drip irrigation wastes a lot less. Figure below shows a drip irrigation system. Water pipes run over the surface of the ground. Tiny holes in the pipes are placed close to each plant. Water slowly drips out of the holes and soaks ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7607 | What parts of the planet does solar energy have difficulty reaching? | [
"poles",
"equators",
"deserts",
"oceans"
] | Much less solar energy gets to the poles. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7876 | Chromosomes further condensed in which stage? | [
"diakinesis stage",
"tracheophyte stage",
"zygum stage",
"zooflagellate stage"
] | During the diakinesis stage, chromosomes further condense. The chiasmata remain intact during this stage. The remainder of this stage is similar to prometaphase of mitosis: the nucleoli disappear, the nuclear membrane disintegrates, and the meiotic spindle begins to form. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11594 | What is freshwater below the earth's surface called? | [
"sediment",
"geyser",
"precipitation",
"groundwater"
] | Freshwater below Earth’s surface is called groundwater . The water infiltrates, or seeps down into, the ground from the surface. How does this happen? And where does the water go?. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5306 | Respiratory distress syndrome results from insufficient production of what? | [
"pulmonary surfactant",
"carbon dioxide",
"alveoli",
"lung tissue"
] | Respiratory System: Respiratory Distress Syndrome Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) primarily occurs in infants born prematurely. Up to 50 percent of infants born between 26 and 28 weeks and fewer than 30 percent of infants born between 30 and 31 weeks develop RDS. RDS results from insufficient production of pulmonar... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11416 | Sickle-cell disease significantly impairs the function of what? | [
"metabolism system",
"circulatory system",
"nervous system",
"limbic system"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_4808 | The part of the ecosystem required by a particular species is endangered when human activity threatens loss of what? | [
"habitat",
"biodiversity",
"primary producers",
"primary speciation"
] | Habitat Loss Humans rely on technology to modify their environment and replace certain functions that were once performed by the natural ecosystem. Other species cannot do this. Elimination of their habitat—whether it is a forest, coral reef, grassland, or flowing river—will kill the individuals in the species. Remove ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7973 | What are the most common dietary lipids? | [
"diglycerides",
"monoglycerides",
"phospholipids",
"triglycerides"
] | Lipid Digestion A healthy diet limits lipid intake to 35 percent of total calorie intake. The most common dietary lipids are triglycerides, which are made up of a glycerol molecule bound to three fatty acid chains. Small amounts of dietary cholesterol and phospholipids are also consumed. The three lipases responsible f... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2874 | What is the functional unit of compact bone? | [
"spongin",
"collagen",
"osteon",
"scleroprotein"
] | Compact bone makes up the dense outer layer of bone. Its functional unit is the osteon . Compact bone is very hard and strong. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6660 | When do homologous chromosomes separate and go to different gametes? | [
"during meiosis",
"before meiosis",
"after meiosis",
"during electrolysis"
] | During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate and go to different gametes. Thus, the two alleles for each gene also go to different gametes. At the same time, different chromosomes assort independently. As a result, alleles for different genes assort independently as well. In these ways, alleles are shuffled and reco... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1998 | What is a random change in an organism's genes? | [
"mutation",
"accumulation",
"meiosis",
"infection"
] | At some time in the past, a variation probably came from a mutation. A mutation is a random change in an organism's genes ( Figure below ). Mutations are natural. Some are harmful, but many are neutral. If a mutation is harmful, the organism may not live to reproduce. If the mutation is beneficial, that organism may ha... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2570 | Respiratory development in the embryo begins around week 4. ectodermal tissue from the anterior head region invaginates posteriorly to form olfactory pits, which fuse with endodermal tissue of the developing pharynx. an olfactory pit is one of a pair of structures that will enlarge to become this? | [
"nasal cavity",
"anal cavity",
"fluid cavity",
"eye cavity"
] | Weeks 4–7 Respiratory development in the embryo begins around week 4. Ectodermal tissue from the anterior head region invaginates posteriorly to form olfactory pits, which fuse with endodermal tissue of the developing pharynx. An olfactory pit is one of a pair of structures that will enlarge to become the nasal cavity.... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_789 | Soda fizzes when what common gas comes out of solution? | [
"carbon monoxide",
"nitrous oxide",
"helium",
"carbon dioxide"
] | Soda fizzes when carbon dioxide comes out of solution. Which do you think will fizz more, warm soda or cold soda?. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6866 | What kind of solids are generally classified by the forces that hold their particles together and include ionic, metallic, covalent network, and molecular types? | [
"helium solids",
"flat solids",
"distinct solids",
"crystalline solids"
] | Crystalline solids are generally classified according the nature of the forces that hold its particles together. These forces are primarily responsible for the physical properties exhibited by the bulk solids. The following sections provide descriptions of the major types of crystalline solids: ionic, metallic, covalen... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4009 | What is the term for gases that absorb heat in the atmosphere? | [
"thermal gases",
"greenhouse gases",
"ionic gases",
"sulfuric gases"
] | Gases that absorb heat in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases . They include carbon dioxide and water vapor. Human actions have increased the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This is shown in Figure below . The added gases have caused a greater greenhouse effect. How do you think this affects Earth’... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7907 | What often relies on cooperation between the motor and autonomic nervous systems? | [
"thermoregulation",
"hypothalamus",
"ketosis",
"homeostasis"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_9832 | Besides tasting food, what organ is necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech? | [
"tongue",
"mouth",
"larnyx",
"throat"
] | Muscles That Move the Tongue Although the tongue is obviously important for tasting food, it is also necessary for mastication, deglutition (swallowing), and speech (Figure 11.11 and Figure 11.12). Because it is so moveable, the tongue facilitates complex speech patterns and sounds. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1195 | Dinitrophenol (dnp) is an uncoupler that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons. it was used until 1938 as a what? | [
"bone density drug",
"immune system booster",
"weight loss drug",
"sleep loss drug"
] | ART CONNECTION QUESTIONS 1. Figure 7.11 Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an uncoupler that makes the inner mitochondrial membrane leaky to protons. It was used until 1938 as a weight-loss drug. What effect would you expect DNP to have on the change in pH across the inner mitochondrial membrane? Why do you think this might be an ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7247 | What term is defined as the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived during earlier ages? | [
"bones",
"deposits",
"waste",
"fossils"
] | Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived long ago. They form mainly when minerals in water turn remains to stone. Fossils can be dated using methods such as carbon-14 dating or their positions in rock layers. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1470 | A salt concentration of 32 percent is nearly ten times that of what abundant resource? | [
"seawater",
"fresh water",
"algae",
"oxygen"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_7410 | The negatively charged electrons are attracted to the positively charged what? | [
"nucleus",
"atom",
"axon",
"ion"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_3111 | What do you call a specialized type of plant tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant? | [
"vascular tissue",
"cambrium layer",
"thermal tissue",
"chloroplasm"
] | Vascular seedless plants have vascular tissue, a specialized tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5874 | Pigments are substances that absorb what? | [
"synthetic light",
"natural light",
"visible light",
"artificial light"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_9335 | Most enzymes are classified as what? | [
"acids",
"lipids",
"hormones",
"proteins"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_10370 | Nitrogen wastes are produced by the breakdown of what during normal metabolism? | [
"enzymes",
"lipids",
"proteins",
"hormones"
] | Regulation of Nitrogen Wastes Nitrogen wastes are produced by the breakdown of proteins during normal metabolism. Proteins are broken down into amino acids, which in turn are deaminated by having their nitrogen groups removed. Deamination converts the amino (NH2) groups into ammonia (NH3), ammonium ion (NH4+), urea, or... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7508 | In multicellular organisms, specialized cells may be organized into what, which in turn may be organized into organs? | [
"nutrients",
"muscles",
"tissues",
"blood cells"
] | In multicellular organisms, specialized cells may be organized into tissues. Tissues may be organized into organs, and organs may be organized into organ systems. Organ systems work together to carry out all the functions of the whole organism. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2069 | The sweat glands of the armpit are classified as these? | [
"apocrine glands",
"adrenal glands",
"mucus glands",
"pineal glands"
] | Apocrine secretion accumulates near the apical portion of the cell. That portion of the cell and its secretory contents pinch off from the cell and are released. The sweat glands of the armpit are classified as apocrine glands. Both merocrine and apocrine glands continue to produce and secrete their contents with littl... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3609 | What is another term for a hand lens? | [
"magnifying glass",
"seeing glass",
"traversing glass",
"projecting glass"
] | An example of a lens is a hand lens, also called a magnifying glass. This type of lens makes objects look bigger than they really are. How do you think this happens?. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1988 | What is each half of the cerebrum called? | [
"a hemisphere",
"a describe",
"demisphere",
"a biplane"
] | The cerebrum is divided into a right and left half ( Figure above ). Each half of the cerebrum is called a hemisphere. The two hemispheres are connected by a thick bundle of axons called the corpus callosum . It lies deep inside the brain and carries messages back and forth between the two hemispheres. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1464 | What are the long, thin structures that protrude from the cell membrane and help single-celled organisms move or swim towards food? | [
"flagella",
"tentacles",
"microvilli",
"sporangia"
] | Flagella ( flagellum , singular) are long, thin structures that protrude from the cell membrane. Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells can have flagella. Flagella help single-celled organisms move or swim towards food. The flagella of eukaryotic cells are normally used for movement too, such as in the movement of sperm... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1610 | The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of liquid water by 1°c is also known as? | [
"Kelvin",
"mass",
"calorie",
"specific heat"
] | State of matter that has a fixed volume and fixed shape. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3975 | Organisms such as goldfish that can tolerate only a relatively narrow range of salinity are referred to as what? | [
"stenohaline",
"trichina",
"antisaline",
"saline intolerant"
] | Osmoregulators and Osmoconformers Persons lost at sea without any fresh water to drink are at risk of severe dehydration because the human body cannot adapt to drinking seawater, which is hypertonic in comparison to body fluids. Organisms such as goldfish that can tolerate only a relatively narrow range of salinity are... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9228 | Maintaining a balance inside the body or cells of organisms is known as? | [
"consciousness",
"ketosis",
"equanimity",
"homeostasis"
] | When you are cold, what does your body do to keep warm? You shiver to warm up your body. When you are too warm, you sweat to release heat. When any living organism gets thrown off balance, its body or cells help it return to normal. In other words, living organisms have the ability to keep a stable internal environment... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5925 | At the bottom of lakes and ponds, bacteria in what zone break down dead organisms that sink there? | [
"aphotic zone",
"photic",
"trophic",
"photoreactive zone"
] | Lakes and Ponds Lakes and ponds can range in area from a few square meters to thousands of square kilometers. Temperature is an important abiotic factor affecting living things found in lakes and ponds. In the summer, thermal stratification of lakes and ponds occurs when the upper layer of water is warmed by the sun an... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_307 | What term describes a collection of similar cells that had a common embryonic origin? | [
"nucleus",
"plasma",
"organ-level organization",
"tissue"
] | Complex Tissue Structure A hallmark trait of animals is specialized structures that are differentiated to perform unique functions. As multicellular organisms, most animals develop specialized cells that group together into tissues with specialized functions. A tissue is a collection of similar cells that had a common ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6842 | What do many mollusks secrete for their protection? | [
"mucus",
"sedimentation shell",
"calcareous shell",
"microscopic shell"
] | 15.4 Mollusks and Annelids The phylum Mollusca is a large, mainly marine group of invertebrates. Mollusks show a variety of morphologies. Many mollusks secrete a calcareous shell for protection, but in other species, the shell is reduced or absent. Mollusks are protostomes. The dorsal epidermis in mollusks is modified ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10319 | What term is used to express the measurement of how high land is above sea level? | [
"knots",
"distance",
"latitude",
"elevation"
] | Elevation measures how high land is above sea level. It gets colder as you go higher above sea level, which is why you see snow-capped mountains. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1728 | What is it called when breaks in bone occur that is usually caused by excessive stress on the bone? | [
"ruptures",
"fractures",
"faults",
"fragments"
] | Fractures are breaks in bone, usually caused by excessive stress on bone. Fractures heal when osteoblasts form new bone. The animation at this link shows how this happens: http://www. youtube. com/watch?v=qVougiCEgH8 . Soon after a fracture, the body begins to repair the break. The area becomes swollen and sore. Within... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9403 | Most of the genes in the eukaryotic cell are found where? | [
"the vacuoles",
"the cell wall",
"the mitochondria",
"the nucleus"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_6417 | What is a measurement of the amount of variation of the species in a given area called? | [
"population",
"degradation",
"ecosystem",
"biodiversity"
] | Biodiversity is a measurement of the amount of variation of the species in a given area. More specifically, biodiversity can be defined as the variety of life and its processes, including the variety of living organisms, the genetic differences among them, and the communities and ecosystems in which they occur. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_529 | What type of device do scientist use to determine wind speed? | [
"photometer",
"anemometer",
"barometer",
"dynamometer"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_5254 | What term describes the long tube that connects the mouth to the anus? | [
"metabolism tract",
"gastrointestinal tract",
"esophagus tract",
"lungs tract"
] | The organs in Figure below make up the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This is essentially a long tube that connects the mouth to the anus. Food enters the mouth and then passes through the rest of the GI tract. Food waste leaves the body through the anus. In adults, the GI tract is more than 9 meters (30 feet) long!. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9725 | How can nuclear fusion in stars be simulated? | [
"nitrogen accelerators",
"particle accelerators",
"plutonium accelerators",
"nuclear reactors"
] | Particle accelerators simulate nuclear fusion in stars. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5297 | The force applied to an object is called? | [
"torque",
"gravity",
"strain",
"stress"
] | Stress is the force applied to an object. Stresses can be confining, compression, tension, or shear. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5789 | What are small planets in our solar system called? | [
"dwarf planets",
"light planets",
"scrub planets",
"Tiny planets"
] | Eris is the largest known dwarf planet in the solar system. It is 27 percent larger than Pluto ( Figure above ). Like Pluto and Makemake, Eris is in the Kuiper belt. But Eris is about 3 times farther from the Sun than Pluto. Because of its distance, Eris was not discovered until 2005. Early on, it was thought that Eris... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11393 | What is the leading cause of soil erosion? | [
"volcanic explosions",
"tidal winds",
"glacier movement",
"running water"
] | The same agents that erode landscapes also erode soil. They are water, wind, ice, or gravity. Running water is the leading cause of soil erosion. Water is abundant and has a lot of power. Wind is also a leading cause of soil erosion. Wind can pick up soil and blow it far away. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9580 | Dietary proteins are broken down into what components when food is digested? | [
"amino acids",
"organic acids",
"protein acids",
"polymer acids"
] | Proteins in the diet are necessary for life. Dietary proteins are broken down into their component amino acids when food is digested. Cells can then use the components to build new proteins. Humans are able to synthesize all but nine of the twenty common amino acids. These nine amino acids, called essential amino acids... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11596 | What do people build to protect areas from floods? | [
"dams",
"sewers",
"reinforced walls",
"drains"
] | People protect areas that might flood with dams. In dire situations, they use sandbags ( Figure below ). Dams are usually very effective, but high water levels sometimes cause a dam to break. In that case, flooding can be catastrophic. Flood waters can also overflow a dam. People may line a river bank with levees to pr... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8988 | Shrimp are an example of what group within the arthropods? | [
"crustaceans",
"insect",
"scorpion",
"myriapods"
] | Shrimp are an example of crustaceans, one group within the arthropods. Shrimp live on the ocean floor in many parts of the world. Shrimp are not only food for humans; they are also an important food source for larger marine animals. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9084 | When an action and reaction occur, what is transferred from one object to the other, yet in combination it remains the same? | [
"force",
"energy",
"matter",
"momentum"
] | When an action and reaction occur, momentum is transferred from one object to the other. However, the combined momentum of the objects remains the same. In other words, momentum is conserved. This is the law of conservation of momentum . | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11498 | Most turtle bodies are covered by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their what? | [
"spines",
"tails",
"fins",
"ribs"
] | Most turtle bodies are covered by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10760 | Marshes, swamps, and bogs are types of what? | [
"wetlands",
"grasslands",
"ponds",
"rivers"
] | Not all wetlands are alike, as you can see from Figure below . Wetlands vary in how wet they are and how much of the year they are soaked. Wetlands also vary in the kinds of plants that live in them. This depends mostly on the climate where the wetland is found. Types of wetlands include marshes, swamps, and bogs. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5406 | The bright color of poison dart frogs serves what purpose? | [
"attracting predators",
"no purpose",
"warning predators",
"attracting mates"
] | Poison dart frogs have toxins in their skin. Their bright colors warn potential predators not to take a bite!. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4036 | Red-green colorblindness is an example of what kind of trait? | [
"adaptive",
"sex-linked",
"dominant",
"fatal"
] | One example of a sex-linked trait is red-green colorblindness. People with this type of colorblindness cannot tell the difference between red and green. They often see these colors as shades of brown ( Figure below ). Boys are much more likely to be colorblind than girls ( Table below ). This is because colorblindness ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7207 | Dialysis is a medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration. when kidney function fails, dialysis must be done to artificially rid the body of this? | [
"calories",
"bile juices",
"mucus and phloem",
"waste and fluids"
] | Dialysis Technician Dialysis is a medical process of removing wastes and excess water from the blood by diffusion and ultrafiltration. When kidney function fails, dialysis must be done to artificially rid the body of wastes and fluids. This is a vital process to keep patients alive. In some cases, the patients undergo ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5179 | Trimethylamine is one of the substances responsible for the what of spoiled fish? | [
"decay",
"smell",
"feel",
"appearance"
] | yellow liquid used in the production of synthetic rubber. Its condensed structural formula is ClSSCl. Ethylene glycol is the major ingredient in antifreeze. Its condensed structural formula is HOCH2CH2OH. Trimethylamine is one of the substances responsible for the smell of spoiled fish. Its condensed structural formula... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8466 | When changes in the genes of a species result in a new species, the process is called what? | [
"simple evolution",
"Classic Evolution",
"biological evolution",
"similar evolution"
] | Changes in the genes of a species may result in a new species. This is biological evolution. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2956 | What is the largest body in the solar system? | [
"sun",
"asteroids",
"planet",
"earth"
] | Our Sun is a star. This star provides light and heat and supports almost all life on Earth. The Sun is the center of the solar system. It is by far the largest part of the solar system. Added together, all of the planets make up just 0.2 percent of the solar system's mass. The Sun makes up the remaining 99.8 percent of... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7826 | What type of lipids contain the element phosphorus, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen? | [
"phospholipids",
"alleles",
"eukaryotes",
"filaments"
] | Some lipids contain the element phosphorus as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. These lipids are called phospholipids. Two layers of phospholipid molecules make up the cell membranes of living things. In the Figure below , you can see how phospholipid molecules are arranged in a cell membrane. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3674 | Fermentation—of grains to produce beer, and of fruits to produce wine—is an ancient art that humans in most cultures have practiced for how long? | [
"decades",
"years",
"millennia",
"eons"
] | Fermentation—of grains to produce beer, and of fruits to produce wine—is an ancient art that humans in most cultures have practiced for millennia. Wild yeasts are acquired from the environment and used to ferment sugars into CO2 and ethyl alcohol under anaerobic conditions. It is now possible to purchase isolated strai... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7609 | Although humans require it, what accounts for just one percent of all water on earth? | [
"snow",
"salt water",
"glaciers",
"fresh water"
] | All living things need water. For most human uses, water must be fresh. Of all the water on Earth, only 1 percent is fresh, liquid water. Most of the rest of Earth’s water is either salt water in the ocean or ice in glaciers and ice caps. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_366 | The kinetic-molecular theory as it applies to gases has how many basic assumptions? | [
"five",
"two",
"four",
"seven"
] | The kinetic-molecular theory as it applies to gases has five basic assumptions. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6057 | How quickly a population changes in size over time is known as what? | [
"population direction rate",
"population impact rate",
"population growth rate",
"population multiplication rate"
] | The population growth rate is how quickly a population changes in size over time. The rate of growth of a population may be positive or negative. A positive growth rate means that the population is increasing in size because more people are being added than lost. A negative growth rate means that the population is decr... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10426 | When zinc metal is mixed with sulfur and heated, what is produced? | [
"methane sulfide",
"iron",
"extraction sulfide",
"zinc sulfide"
] | In the course of a chemical reaction between a metal and a nonmetal, electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the nonmetal atoms. For example, when zinc metal is mixed with sulfur and heated, the compound zinc sulfide is produced. Two valence electrons from each zinc atom are transferred to each sulfur atom. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9024 | Conductive losses in the middle ear can be partially overcome by sending sound vibrations to what structure through the skull, the principle behind implants for hearing loss patients? | [
"hammer and anvil",
"cochlea",
"tympanic membrane",
"cornea"
] | Hearing losses can occur because of problems in the middle or inner ear. Conductive losses in the middle ear can be partially overcome by sending sound vibrations to the cochlea through the skull. Hearing aids for this purpose usually press against the bone behind the ear, rather than simply amplifying the sound sent i... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5293 | What type of behaviors are triggered by pheromones in moths? | [
"peculiar",
"illuminating",
"exhibit",
"courtship"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_9215 | Blood pressure is significantly affected by what physical force? | [
"gravity",
"mass",
"density",
"volume"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_10765 | The nail bed is a specialized structure of the epidermis that is found at the tips of our what? | [
"fingers and toes",
"only nails",
"only fingers",
"fingers, nails, and scalp"
] | Nails The nail bed is a specialized structure of the epidermis that is found at the tips of our fingers and toes. The nail body is formed on the nail bed, and protects the tips of our fingers and toes as they are the farthest extremities and the parts of the body that experience the maximum mechanical stress (Figure 5.... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8959 | Which system is capable of responding quickly to changing situations? | [
"endocrine system",
"reproductive system",
"circulatory system",
"nervous system"
] | In addition, endocrine signaling is typically less specific than neural signaling. The same hormone may play a role in a variety of different physiological processes depending on the target cells involved. For example, the hormone oxytocin promotes uterine contractions in women in labor. It is also important in breastf... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6347 | Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth are the three types of what cells and possess morphologies correlated with their functions? | [
"bone",
"cartilage tissue",
"muscle",
"organ"
] | 4.4 Muscle Tissue and Motion The three types of muscle cells are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth. Their morphologies match their specific functions in the body. Skeletal muscle is voluntary and responds to conscious stimuli. The cells are striated and multinucleated appearing as long, unbranched cylinders. Cardiac muscle... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10601 | Why are living things considered to be renewable? | [
"they evolve",
"they inherit traits",
"they decompose",
"they reproduce"
] | Living things are considered to be renewable. This is because they can reproduce to replace themselves. However, they can be over-used or misused to the point of extinction. To be truly renewable, they must be used sustainably. Sustainable use is the use of resources in a way that meets the needs of the present and als... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9601 | Galaxies can be spiral, elliptical, or which other type? | [
"irregular",
"vertical",
"oblong",
"simple"
] | Galaxies can be spiral, elliptical, or irregular. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_290 | Meiosis in the sporophyte produces haploid cells called what? | [
"fibers",
"ions",
"spores",
"seeds"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_10441 | What is the process called when secretory cells export products? | [
"exocytosis",
"morphogenesis",
"isolation",
"endocytosis"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_642 | What are found in moist forests that break down decaying plant material? | [
"myriapoda",
"trichina",
"organism",
"spirogyra"
] | Myriapoda are usually found in moist forests, where they break down decaying plant material. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4602 | The temperature of the products is typically lower than the temperature of the reactants in what type of reaction? | [
"exothermic",
"endothermic",
"autotrophic",
"parabolic"
] | In endothermic reactions, the temperature of the products is typically lower than the temperature of the reactants. The drop in temperature may be great enough to cause liquids to freeze. That’s what happens in the endothermic reaction at this URL: http://www. bbc. co. uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/add_aqa_pre_2011/c... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_6255 | The axon terminates on muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction. acetylcholine is released at this specialized synapse, which causes the muscle action potential to begin, following a large potential known as an end plate potential. when the lower motor neuron excites the muscle fiber, it contracts. all of this occur... | [
"cardiovascular system",
"nervous system",
"muscular system",
"respiratory system"
] | described in the chapter on muscle tissue, an action potential travels along the motor neuron axon into the periphery. The axon terminates on muscle fibers at the neuromuscular junction. Acetylcholine is released at this specialized synapse, which causes the muscle action potential to begin, following a large potential... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9068 | What do you call compounds whose properties are different because their atoms are bonded together in different arrangements? | [
"isomers",
"mixtures",
"ionic compounds",
"isotopes"
] | Hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. The smallest hydrocarbon, methane (CH 4 ), contains just one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms. Larger hydrocarbons contain many more. Hydrocarbons with four or more carbon atoms can have different shapes. Although they have the same chemical for... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7304 | How many limbs do all mammals have? | [
"two",
"three",
"four",
"it varies"
] | Mammals are endothermic vertebrates with four limbs. Examples of mammals include bats, whales, mice, and humans. Clearly, mammals are a very diverse group. Nonetheless, they share several traits that set them apart from other vertebrates. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1227 | What do you call a lens that causes the light rays to bend away from its axis? | [
"diverging lens",
"converging lens",
"axilens",
"optical lens"
] | • A lens that causes the light rays to bend away from its axis is called a diverging lens. • Ray tracing is the technique of graphically determining the paths that light rays take. • The image in which light rays from one point on the object actually cross at the location of the image and can be projected onto a screen... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10491 | What does an array of radio telescopes collect? | [
"radio waves",
"thermal waves",
"microwaves",
"light waves"
] | Radio telescopes collect radio waves and are sometimes used in large arrays. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4844 | Series and parallel circuits are two basic types of what? | [
"electric circuits",
"mechanical circuits",
"mutual circuits",
"chemical circuits"
] | There are two basic types of electric circuits, called series and parallel circuits. They differ in the number of loops through which current can flow. You can see an example of each type of circuit in Figure below . | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1593 | What is another word for thermal energy? | [
"temperature",
"humidity",
"solar",
"heat"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_5253 | Which cell gives rise to all cells of the human body? | [
"schwann stem cell",
"totipotent stem cell",
"omnipoten stem cell",
"signaler stem cell"
] | ability to diversify at each step. The totipotent stem cell is the zygote, or fertilized egg. The totipotent (toti- = “all”) stem cell gives rise to all cells of the human body. The next level is the pluripotent stem cell, which gives rise to multiple types of cells of the body and some of the supporting fetal membrane... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5770 | The part of the shadow in which light is completely blocked is called what? | [
"penumbra",
"corona",
"eclipse",
"umbra"
] | The umbra is the part of the shadow in which light is completely blocked. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3709 | What measures a fluid’s resistance to flow? | [
"density",
"surface tension",
"elasticity",
"viscosity"
] | Viscosity measures a fluid’s resistance to flow – the higher the viscosity, the slower the flow of the material. One factor that affects viscosity is the strength of the intermolecular forces in the material. Molecules that exhibit higher intermolecular forces tend to have higher viscosities. Temperature also influence... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9970 | What is it called when currents keep reversing direction? | [
"circle current",
"alternating current",
"stream current",
"emitting current"
] | When current keeps reversing direction, it is called alternating current (AC) . You can see how it works in the two diagrams below. The current that comes from a power plant and supplies electricity to homes and businesses is alternating current. The current changes direction 60 times per second. It happens so quickly ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10768 | The sun and all objects held by it's gravity make up the? | [
"atmosphere",
"planet",
"solar system",
"milky way"
] | The Sun and all the objects held by its gravity make up the solar system. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9555 | What does the esophagus produce for lubrication? | [
"bile",
"mucous",
"phloem",
"synovial fluid"
] | animal diet needs carbohydrates, protein, and fat, as well as vitamins and inorganic components for nutritional balance. How each of these components is digested is discussed in the following sections. Carbohydrates The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth. The salivary enzyme amylase begins the breakdown of ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9624 | The chloroplast integrates the two stages of what process? | [
"photosynthesis",
"defacation",
"breathing",
"polarization"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_7313 | What term is used to describe the distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel that distance? | [
"velocity",
"speed",
"movement",
"motion"
] | Speed is the distance traveled divided by the time it took to travel that distance. Velocity is the instantaneous speed and direction. Average velocity is the displacement divided by the time. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7811 | What causes blood vessels to grow toward the tumour in cancer cells? | [
"signaling molecules",
"harnessing molecules",
"communicating molecules",
"addressing molecules"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_8741 | Polymers, ceramics, adhesives, coatings, and liquid crystals are examples of materials recently discovered or developed by what type of scientists? | [
"chemists",
"geologists",
"material scientists",
"engineers"
] | Chemists are involved in the design and production of new materials. Some of the materials that chemists have helped discover or develop in recent years include polymers, ceramics, adhesives, coatings, and liquid crystals. Liquid crystals are used in electronic displays, as in watches and calculators. The silicon-based... | A | null |
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