dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sciq | sciq_9727 | Animals produce most of what chemicals, which are needed to synthesize the fatty acids they need? | [
"hormones",
"enzymes",
"carbohydrates",
"solvents"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_7821 | What does the color of soil indicate? | [
"fertility",
"density",
"chemical makeup",
"temperature"
] | The color of soil indicates its fertility. Black or dark brown soils are rich in nitrogen and contain a high percentage of organic materials. Soils that are nitrogen poor and low in organic material might be gray, yellow, or red ( Figure below ). Soil with low organic material is not good for growing plants. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9653 | The tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion is called what? | [
"inertia",
"stabilization",
"isolation",
"kenetic force"
] | Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion. All objects have inertia, whether they are stationary or moving. Inertia explains Newton’s first law of motion, which states that an object at rest will remain at rest and an object in motion will stay in motion unless it is acted on by an unbalance... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_505 | What type of rocks form from cooled magma or lava? | [
"sedementary",
"metamorphic",
"granite",
"igneous"
] | Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4681 | What do you call the patterns and groups of stars in the sky that ancient people observed and made stories about? | [
"meteors",
"asteroid fields",
"planets",
"constellations"
] | The stars that make up a constellation appear close to each other from Earth. In reality, they may be very distant from one another. Constellations were important to people, like the Ancient Greeks. People who spent a lot of time outdoors at night, like shepherds, named the constellations. They told stories about them.... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6883 | What season causes people to look forward to spring? | [
"summer",
"winter",
"fall",
"autumn"
] | In the winter, many people find the snow and ice beautiful. They enjoy getting out to ski or ice-skate. Others don’t find that time of year to be so much fun. When the snow melts, the roads get very sloppy and messy. Those people look forward to spring when all the ice and snow are gone and the weather is warmer. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7698 | All chemical changes involve a transfer of what? | [
"energy",
"pressure",
"hydrogen",
"nitrogen"
] | All chemical changes involve a transfer of energy. When zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid, the test tube becomes very warm as energy is released during the reaction. Some other reactions absorb energy. While energy changes are a potential sign of a chemical reaction, care must be taken to ensure that a chemical reacti... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_16 | What organ systems link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body? | [
"vascular",
"nervous",
"pulmonary",
"circulatory"
] | 42.1 Circulatory systems link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1997 | When naming this type of ion the ending of the element’s name is dropped and replaced with the – ide suffix? | [
"cations",
"anions",
"amines",
"oxides"
] | Naming anions is slightly different than naming cations. The ending of the element’s name is dropped and replaced with the – ide suffix. For example, F - is the fluoride ion, while O 2- is the oxide ion. As is the case with cations, the charge on the anion is indicated by a superscript following the symbol. Common anio... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8884 | An isometric type of what occurs as the muscle produces tension without changing the angle of a skeletal joint? | [
"acceleration",
"compression",
"extension",
"contraction"
] | 10.4 | Nervous System Control of Muscle Tension By the end of this section, you will be able to: • Explain concentric, isotonic, and eccentric contractions • Describe the length-tension relationship • Describe the three phases of a muscle twitch • Define wave summation, tetanus, and treppe To move an object, referred t... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11204 | What is the term for the process in which glucose is made using light energy? | [
"photosynthesis",
"hydration",
"compress",
"glycolysis"
] | Most living things use glucose for energy. The process in which glucose is made using light energy is photosynthesis. Water and carbon dioxide are needed for this process, and oxygen is produced as a byproduct. Photosynthetic organisms include plants, algae, and some bacteria. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5477 | Dependent on the frequency of sound waves, what term described how high or low a sound seems to a listener? | [
"wavelength",
"curve",
"direction",
"pitch"
] | How high or low a sound seems to a listener is its pitch . Pitch, in turn, depends on the frequency of sound waves. Wave frequency is the number of waves that pass a fixed point in a given amount of time. High-pitched sounds, like the sounds of the piccolo in the Figure below , have high-frequency waves. Low-pitched so... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8298 | Mollusks such as squid and octopi, which must hunt to survive, possess what complex organs containing millions of neurons? | [
"tentacles",
"hearts",
"brains",
"gills"
] | Figure 35.2 Nervous systems vary in structure and complexity. In (a) cnidarians, nerve cells form a decentralized nerve net. In (b) echinoderms, nerve cells are bundled into fibers called nerves. In animals exhibiting bilateral symmetry such as (c) planarians, neurons cluster into an anterior brain that processes infor... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2867 | What makes up the core of the endoskeleton? | [
"notochord",
"vertebral column",
"thorax",
"dermis"
] | The main distinguishing feature of vertebrates is their vertebral column, or backbone (see Figure below ). The backbone runs from the head to the tail along the dorsal (top) side of the body. The vertebral column is the core of the endoskeleton. It allows a vertebrate to hold its shape. It also houses and protects the ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9509 | The body does not exist in isolation. there is a constant input of water and electrolytes into the system. while osmoregulation is achieved across membranes within the body, excess electrolytes and wastes are transported to the kidneys and excreted, helping to maintain this? | [
"physical balance",
"osmotic balance",
"vacuum balance",
"nucleic balance"
] | The body does not exist in isolation. There is a constant input of water and electrolytes into the system. While osmoregulation is achieved across membranes within the body, excess electrolytes and wastes are transported to the kidneys and excreted, helping to maintain osmotic balance. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2162 | What do tadpoles change into? | [
"mud puppies",
"reptiles",
"toads",
"adult frogs"
] | Tadpoles go through many changes to become adult frogs. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5513 | The zoospores develop into haploid, multicellular male and female gametophytes, which produce? | [
"gametes",
"toxins",
"spores",
"microorganisms"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_4414 | Mutations in regulatory genes that normally control the cell cycle cause what? | [
"cancer",
"tumors",
"illness",
"anxiety"
] | Mutations in regulatory genes that normally control the cell cycle cause cancer. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10026 | Multiple sclerosis, huntington’s disease, parkinson’s disease, and alzheimer’s disease are example of diseases of which body system? | [
"lymphatic system",
"muscular system",
"nervous system",
"circulatory system"
] | There are many other nervous system diseases. They include multiple sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. However, these diseases rarely, if ever, occur in young people. Their causes and symptoms are listed below ( Table below ). The diseases have no known cure, but medicines ma... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_30 | Where do angiosperms produce seeds in flowers? | [
"cones",
"ovaries",
"testes",
"germs"
] | Seed plants called angiosperms produce seeds in the ovaries of flowers. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8262 | If a quantity of a reactant remains unconsumed after complete reaction has occurred, it is? | [
"static",
"reduced",
"missing",
"in excess"
] | The stoichiometry of a reaction describes the relative amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation. A stoichiometric quantity of a reactant is the amount necessary to react completely with the other reactant(s). If a quantity of a reactant remains unconsumed after complete reaction has occurred, i... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1838 | What is an animal that picks up pollen on its body and carries it to another flower called? | [
"lizard",
"pollinator",
"fungi",
"rodent"
] | The showy petals of flowers evolved to help attract pollinators. Wind-blown pollen might land just anywhere and be wasted. A pollinator is an animal that picks up pollen on its body and carries it directly to another flower of the same species. This helps ensure that pollination occurs. Pollinators are usually small an... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10544 | What process, which results because of great pressure at the center of a star, causes stars to shine? | [
"nuclear fusion",
"energy fusion",
"gravitational pull",
"electric fusion"
] | Stars shine because of nuclear fusion. Fusion reactions in the Sun's core keep our nearest star burning. Stars are made mostly of hydrogen and helium. Both are very lightweight gases. A star contains so much hydrogen and helium that the weight of these gases is enormous. The pressure at the center of a star is great en... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_917 | Alkaline earth metals are what color? | [
"reddish orange",
"white",
"silvery grey",
"black"
] | The alkaline Earth metals include all the elements in group 2 (see Figure below ). These metals have just two valence electrons, so they are very reactive, although not quite as reactive as the alkali metals. In nature, they are always found combined with other elements. Alkaline Earth metals are silvery grey in color.... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9449 | Mechanisms for establishing cellular asymmetries include morphogen gradients, localized determinants, and what other type of interactions? | [
"electromagnetic",
"reductive",
"inductive",
"conductive"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_4448 | What is a relationship between living things that depend on the same resources? | [
"symbiotic",
"competition",
"parasitic",
"contention"
] | Competition is a relationship between living things that depend on the same resources. The resources may be food, water, or anything else they both need. Competition occurs whenever they both try to get the same resources in the same place and at the same time. The two organisms are likely to come into conflict, and th... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5788 | What unit of the nervous system consists of a cell body, dendrites, and axon? | [
"ganglion",
"Transmitter",
"mitochondria",
"neuron"
] | Neurons are the structural and functional units of the nervous system. They consist of a cell body, dendrites, and axon. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3083 | Terrestrial animals lose water by evaporation from their skin and which surfaces? | [
"pulmonary",
"digestive",
"respiratory",
"anaerobic"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_2888 | Antacids are bases that neutralize what in the digestive tract? | [
"hormones",
"fats",
"salts",
"acids"
] | Antacids are bases that neutralize acids in the digestive tract. Magnesium hydroxide [Mg(OH)2] is one such antacid. It reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach according to the following reaction: Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl → MgCl2 + 2H2O How many grams of HCl can a 200 mg dose of Mg(OH)2 neutralize?. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2949 | Our sun is on the main sequence, like most stars, and it is classified by what colorful name? | [
"yellow dwarf",
"white dwarf",
"blue dwarf",
"red dwarf"
] | We have a main sequence star nearby. Our Sun is on the main sequence, classified as a yellow dwarf. Our Sun has been a main sequence star for about 5 billion years. As a medium-sized star, it will continue to shine for about 5 billion more years. Most stars are on the main sequence. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4534 | What does an electric field surround? | [
"a charged particle",
"neutral particles",
"charged ions",
"negative particle"
] | An electric field is a space surrounding a charged particle where the particle exerts electric force. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8539 | What properties describe the existence of matter, as opposed to chemical properties that describe how substances change into other substances? | [
"biological",
"gravitational",
"physical",
"astronomical"
] | Physical properties describe the existence of matter, and chemical properties describe how substances change into other substances. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4100 | What kind of motion characterizes waves? | [
"breathing",
"repetitive",
"bending",
"round"
] | Waves are characterized by their repetitive motion. Imagine a toy boat riding the waves in a wave pool. As the water wave passes under the boat, it moves up and down in a regular and repeated fashion. While the wave travels horizontally, the boat only travels vertically up and down. The Figure below shows two examples ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_1754 | Vertebrates are all chordates that have a what? | [
"backbone",
"circulatory system",
"brain",
"fossil"
] | Living species of chordates are classified into three major subphyla: Vertebrata, Urochordata, and Cephalochordata. Vertebrates are all chordates that have a backbone. The other two subphyla are invertebrate chordates that lack a backbone. Members of the subphylum Urochordata are tunicates (also called sea squirts). Me... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_43 | Where does most of our food come from? | [
"gymnosperms",
"angiosperms",
"lichen",
"microbes"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_11116 | Carbonic acid can dissociate into hydrogen carbonate ions and what? | [
"atoms",
"protons",
"protons",
"electrons"
] | Carbon dioxide is slightly soluble in water. There is an equilibrium reaction that occurs as the carbon dioxide reacts with the water to form carbonic acid (H2CO3). Since carbonic acid is a weak acid, it can dissociate into protons (H+) and hydrogen carbonate ions (HCO 3 −). | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9049 | What do molecules need to do for a reaction to take place? | [
"explode",
"melt",
"collide",
"separate"
] | Molecules need to collide in order for a reaction to take place. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7956 | What force pulls people and objects toward the center of the earth? | [
"gravity",
"motion",
"magnetism",
"variation"
] | You are already very familiar with Earth’s gravity. It constantly pulls you toward the center of the planet. It prevents you and everything else on Earth from being flung out into space as the planet spins on its axis. It also pulls objects above the surface, from meteors to skydivers, down to the ground. Gravity betwe... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_5885 | In a medium, the closer the distribution of the material gets to what state, the slower the rate of diffusion becomes? | [
"erosion",
"gas",
"equilibrium",
"elastic"
] | Each separate substance in a medium, such as the extracellular fluid, has its own concentration gradient, independent of the concentration gradients of other materials. Additionally, each substance will diffuse according to that gradient. Several factors affect the rate of diffusion. • Extent of the concentration gradi... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10076 | Ebola is an example of a disease spread by what kind of infectious agent? | [
"bacteria",
"flus",
"colds",
"virus"
] | Ebola is a rare and deadly disease caused by infection with a strain of Ebola virus. The 2014 Ebola epidemic is the largest in history, affecting multiple countries in West Africa, including Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Ebola is spread through direct contact with blood and body fluids of a person infected by and a... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9505 | How does bacteria reproduce? | [
"sexual reproduction",
"budding",
"binary fission",
"pollination"
] | Binary fission occurs when a parent cell simply splits into two daughter cells. This method is described in detail in the lesson "Cell Division. " Bacteria reproduce this way. You can see a bacterial cell reproducing by binary fission in Figure below . | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2419 | Where is glucose carried in the human body? | [
"the brain",
"the blood",
"the heart",
"the liver"
] | Chemical energy that organisms need comes from food. The nearly universal food for life is the sugar glucose. Glucose is a simple carbohydrate with the chemical formula C 6 H 12 O 6 . The glucose molecule stores chemical energy in a concentrated, stable form. In your body, glucose is the form of energy that is carried ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_690 | Ovulation is the release of an egg from the what? | [
"ovary",
"vagina",
"cervix",
"fallopian tubes"
] | Ovulation, the release of an egg from the ovary, occurs at about the midpoint of the cycle. This would be around day 14 of a 28 day cycle. The egg is swept into the fallopian tube. If sperm is present, fertilization may occur. As sperm can only survive in the fallopian tube for up to a few days, fertilization can only ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1181 | What are compounds formed by ionic bonds called? | [
"ionic compounds (salts)",
"layered compounds",
"nuclear compounds",
"mixed compounds"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_4588 | What are sudden and dramatic losses of biodiversity called? | [
"normal extinction",
"life extinction",
"explosive extinction",
"mass extinction"
] | Figure 21.13 Extinction intensity as reflected in the fossil record has fluctuated throughout Earth’s history. Sudden and dramatic losses of biodiversity, called mass extinctions, have occurred five times. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6810 | What shape rash is formed from a skin infection caused by trichophyton? | [
"rod-shaped",
"striped",
"ring-shaped",
"polka dot"
] | skin infection caused by the fungus Trichophyton that causes a characteristic ring-shaped rash. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7597 | What do atoms form by sharing valence electrons? | [
"covalent bonds",
"neutron bonds",
"ionic bonds",
"phenotype bonds"
] | Atoms form covalent bonds by sharing valence electrons. The valence electrons are located in atomic orbitals. However, when a bond forms, the structure of the atomic orbitals changes. In this lesson, we will see how the atomic orbitals interact to share valence electrons and form different types of covalent bonds. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6336 | While the numerical aperture can be used to compare resolutions of various objectives, it does not indicate how far the lens could be from the what? | [
"focal point",
"diameter",
"microscope",
"specimen"
] | While the numerical aperture can be used to compare resolutions of various objectives, it does not indicate how far the lens could be from the specimen. This is specified by the “working distance,” which is the distance (in mm usually) from the front lens element of the objective to the specimen, or cover glass. The hi... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10894 | What is the name of the first leaf developed inside an embryo? | [
"cotyledon",
"polylepis",
"exon",
"gastromyzon"
] | The embryo develops from a fertilized egg. While still inside the seed, the embryo forms its first leaf (cotyledon) and starts to develop a stem (hypocotyl) and root (radicle). | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7871 | In contrast to mammals and birds, freshwater fishes produce large volumes of very dilute what? | [
"blood",
"nitrogen",
"urine",
"feces"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_6805 | Oxytocin, which stimulates the contractions of labor, is a type of what? | [
"metabolite",
"hormone",
"inhibitor",
"steroid"
] | A common sign that labor will be short is the so-called “bloody show. ” During pregnancy, a plug of mucus accumulates in the cervical canal, blocking the entrance to the uterus. Approximately 1–2 days prior to the onset of true labor, this plug loosens and is expelled, along with a small amount of blood. Meanwhile, the... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5712 | During sexual arousal what does the clitoris, vagina, and labia minora all engorge with? | [
"urine",
"blood",
"bacteria",
"fluid"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_7638 | Psip can be positive or negative relative to what kind of pressure? | [
"atmospheric",
"magnetic",
"manometric",
"inertia"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_7837 | Name the physicist who discovered radioactivity? | [
"antoine henri becquerel",
"louis pasteur",
"neal degrasse tyson",
"albert einstein"
] | Radioactivity was discovered in 1896 by a French physicist named Antoine Henri Becquerel. Becquerel was experimenting with uranium, which glows after being exposed to sunlight. Becquerel wanted to see if the glow was caused by rays of energy, like rays of light and X-rays. He placed a bit of uranium on a photographic p... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_1915 | What are the most numerous and diverse biochemical compounds? | [
"lipids",
"proteins",
"vitamins",
"acids"
] | Proteins are the most numerous and diverse biochemical compounds. They have many different functions. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2870 | What happens to the volume of the gas when temperature increases but amount of gas and its pressure are constant? | [
"volume remains constant",
"volume increases",
"nothing",
"volume decreases"
] | There are other measurable characteristics of a gas. One of them is temperature (T). Perhaps one can vary the temperature of a gas sample and note what effect it has on the other properties of the gas. Early scientists did just this, discovering that if the amount of a gas and its pressure are kept constant, then chang... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2182 | What two phases does the cell cycle consist of? | [
"interphase and mitotic",
"outerphase and mitotic",
"antecedent and mitotic",
"mitosis and mitotic"
] | Figure 10.5 The cell cycle consists of interphase and the mitotic phase. During interphase, the cell grows and the nuclear DNA is duplicated. Interphase is followed by the mitotic phase. During the mitotic phase, the duplicated chromosomes are segregated and distributed into daughter nuclei. The cytoplasm is usually di... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2041 | What is the term for the maintenance of a steady state despite internal and external changes? | [
"homeostasis",
"consciousness",
"hypothesis",
"equilibrium"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_10545 | What do we call the formation of a gas from a liquid at temperatures below the boiling point? | [
"evaporation",
"melting",
"pulverization",
"steaming"
] | There are some properties that all liquids have. The liquid that we are most familiar with is probably water, and it has these properties. Other liquids have them as well, which is something to keep in mind. All liquids have a certain portion of their particles having enough energy to enter the gas phase, and if these ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9705 | Which gases trap heat in the atmosphere? | [
"greenhouse",
"ozone",
"fluorine and nitrogen",
"methane and helium"
] | Greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere. These gases include carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and ozone. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8669 | Nitrogen is a very important element to living things, because it is part of nucleotides and amino acids that are the building blocks of nucleic acids and these? | [
"follicles",
"lipids",
"cells",
"proteins"
] | Cooperation between Bacteria and Eukaryotes: Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen is a very important element to living things, because it is part of nucleotides and amino acids that are the building blocks of nucleic acids and proteins, respectively. Nitrogen is usually the most limiting element in terrestrial ecosystems, with ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9754 | When bacteria are destroyed by leukocytes, what are released into the blood? | [
"proteins",
"sporozoans",
"pyrogens",
"carcinogens"
] | When bacteria are destroyed by leukocytes, pyrogens are released into the blood. Pyrogens reset the body’s thermostat to a higher temperature, resulting in fever. How might pyrogens cause the body temperature to rise?. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1093 | What occurs when there are differences in fitness among a population? | [
"natural selection",
"natural process",
"natural change",
"evolution"
] | Natural selection occurs when there are differences in fitness among members of a population. As a result, some individuals pass more genes to the next generation. This causes allele frequencies to change. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8100 | Down syndrome is caused by having three copies of what, a condition known as trisomy? | [
"variation",
"chromosome",
"genome",
"DNA"
] | Chromosomal Disorders Sometimes a genetic disease is not caused by a mutation in a gene, but by the presence of an incorrect number of chromosomes. For example, Down syndrome is caused by having three copies of chromosome 21. This is known as trisomy 21. The most common cause of trisomy 21 is chromosomal nondisjunction... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10172 | How many layers of phospholipids does the cell membrane contain? | [
"three",
"four",
"five",
"two"
] | The cell membrane consists of two layers of phospholipids. It encloses the cytoplasm and controls what enters and leaves the cell. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7056 | Some mutations lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment and are essential for evolution to occur. what are these mutations known as? | [
"superficial mutations",
"provisional mutations",
"evolutionary mutations",
"beneficial mutations"
] | Some mutations have a positive effect on the organism in which they occur. They are called beneficial mutations. They lead to new versions of proteins that help organisms adapt to changes in their environment. Beneficial mutations are essential for evolution to occur. They increase an organism’s changes of surviving or... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4180 | What system includes lymph organs, lymph vessels, lymph, and lymph nodes? | [
"nervous",
"immature",
"immune",
"digestion"
] | The immune system includes lymph organs, lymph vessels, lymph, and lymph nodes. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9240 | Weight is a measure of what force pulling down on an object? | [
"light",
"motion",
"distortion",
"gravity"
] | Weight is a measure of the force of gravity pulling down on an object, whereas buoyant force pushes up on an object. Which force is greater determines whether an object sinks or floats. Look at the Figure below . On the left, the object’s weight is the same as the buoyant force acting on it, so the object floats. On th... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9252 | What do puffer fish produce to protect itself? | [
"teeth",
"hormones",
"enzymes",
"venom"
] | This odd-looking creature is a fish called a puffer fish. Like all fish, puffer fish are vertebrates. The puffer fish puffs up by rapidly filling its stretchy stomach with water. The reason? Getting bigger makes the fish seem larger to potential predators. Just to be on the safe side, the puffer fish also produces veno... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6992 | What are plant-like protists called? | [
"fungi",
"spores",
"algae",
"sponge"
] | Plant-like protists are called algae. They include single-celled diatoms and multicellular seaweed. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_6452 | Birds have a flow-through respiratory system in which air flows unidirectionally from the posterior sacs into the lungs, then into these? | [
"anterior air sacs",
"alveoli",
"gills",
"posterior bronchi"
] | Figure 39.14 (a) Birds have a flow-through respiratory system in which air flows unidirectionally from the posterior sacs into the lungs, then into the anterior air sacs. The air sacs connect to openings in hollow bones. (b) Dinosaurs, from which birds descended, have similar hollow bones and are believed to have had a... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9018 | The metacarpophalangeal joints in the finger are examples of what kind of joints? | [
"condyloid",
"fibrous",
"saddle",
"hinge"
] | Figure 38.30 The metacarpophalangeal joints in the finger are examples of condyloid joints. (credit: modification of work by Gray's Anatomy). | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7393 | What is the functional unit of compact bone? | [
"the boron",
"the auteron",
"the canton",
"the osteon"
] | Bone matrix provides bones with their basic structure. Notice the spongy bone in the middle, and the compact bone towards the outer region. The osteon is the functional unit of compact bone. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2722 | The mercury or alcohol in a common glass what changes its volume as the temperature changes? | [
"compass",
"barometer",
"thermometer",
"calculator"
] | Conversion of Temperature Units We use the word temperature to refer to the hotness or coldness of a substance. One way we measure a change in temperature is to use the fact that most substances expand when their temperature increases and contract when their temperature decreases. The mercury or alcohol in a common gla... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10341 | What animal group can be found in every environment on earth, but primarily in the warm and moist tropics? | [
"reptiles",
"horses",
"insect",
"rodent"
] | Insects can be found in every environment on Earth. While a select few insects, such as the Arctic Wooly Bear Moth, live in the harsh Arctic climate, the majority of insects are found in the warm and moist tropics. Insects have adapted to a broad range of habitats, successfully finding their own niche, because they wil... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10209 | Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by particles moving through what? | [
"tissue",
"Solid",
"fluid",
"Metal"
] | Convection is the transfer of thermal energy by particles moving through a fluid. Particles transfer energy by moving from warmer to cooler areas. That’s how energy is transferred in the soup in Figure above . Particles of soup near the bottom of the pot get hot first. They have more energy so they spread out and becom... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1033 | What is the process of the fusion of a sperm and an egg called? | [
"Sperm",
"embryo",
"stimulation",
"fertilization"
] | Fertilization The fusion of a sperm and an egg is a process called fertilization. This can occur either inside ( internal fertilization) or outside ( external fertilization) the body of the female. Humans provide an example of the former, whereas frog reproduction is an example of the latter. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9192 | What type of chemicals do ants communicate with? | [
"pheromones",
"pesticides",
"Alkanes",
"hormones"
] | We must use energy to get energy resources. This is true of non-renewable and renewable energy. Getting fossil fuels so that they can be used takes many steps. All of these steps use energy. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_146 | Inserting copies of normal genes into a patient with defective genes is known as? | [
"chromosome treatment",
"gene therapy",
"pattern therapy",
"cloning"
] | treat genetic disorders. For example, copies of a normal gene might be inserted into a patient with a defective gene. This is called gene therapy . Ideally, it can cure a genetic disorder. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2014 | What layer of soil usually does not have very small particles like clay? | [
"sediment",
"undersoil",
"topsoil",
"silt"
] | Topsoil usually does not have very small particles like clay. Clay-sized particles are carried to lower layers as water seeps down into the ground. Many minerals dissolve in the fresh water that moves through the topsoil. These minerals are carried down to the lower layers of soil. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9004 | Sight, hearing, balance, taste, smell, and touch are types of what? | [
"sensation types",
"temperaments",
"senses",
"memories"
] | Human senses include sight, hearing, balance, taste, smell, and touch. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10075 | What is a device used to measure temperature changes during chemical processes called? | [
"altimeter",
"calorimeter",
"alethiometer",
"thermometer"
] | The subfield of thermochemistry studies the energy changes that occur over the course of various chemical reactions. We will first look at how these changes are measured and then go into quantitative descriptions of heat transfer. Calorimetry is a term used to describe the measurement of heat transfers, usually by moni... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3067 | What process is involved in the formation of a waterfall, when a stream flows from an area of harder to softer rock? | [
"erosion",
"evaporation",
"calcification",
"migration"
] | Mountain streams may erode waterfalls. A waterfall forms where a stream flows from an area of harder to softer rock ( Figure below ). The water erodes the softer rock faster than the harder rock. This causes the stream bed to drop down, like a step. This creates a waterfall. As erosion continues, the waterfall graduall... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8098 | What is pollution that enters water at just one point called? | [
"point supply pollution",
"entry point pollution",
"point source pollution",
"point supply pollution"
] | Pollution that enters water at just one point is called point source pollution . For example, chemicals from a factory might empty into a stream through a pipe or set of pipes (see Figure below ). Pollution that enters in many places is called non-point source pollution . This means that the pollution is from multiple ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10679 | If two chlorine atoms share their unpaired electrons by making a covalent bond and forming cl2, they can each complete their what? | [
"radiative shell",
"hypothesized shell",
"electron shell",
"valence shell"
] | Using Lewis Dot Symbols to Describe Covalent Bonding The valence electron configurations of the constituent atoms of a covalent compound are important factors in determining its structure, stoichiometry, and properties. For example, chlorine, with seven valence electrons, is one electron short of an octet. If two chlor... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10682 | Potential energy is present in objects that are what? | [
"crystals",
"rigid",
"elastic",
"unstable"
] | Potential energy is present in objects that are ______________. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10160 | How are protozoa that cause giardiasis spread? | [
"food and water",
"insects",
"lakes and rivers",
"starch and water"
] | Protozoa that cause giardiasis are spread by contaminated food or water. They live inside the intestine. They may cause abdominal pain, fever, and diarrhea. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_70 | What phenomenon is crowding out other species and making all the other causes of extinction worse? | [
"human suburbanization",
"climate change",
"migration",
"human overpopulation"
] | Human overpopulation, which is crowding out other species. It also makes all the other causes of extinction worse. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7264 | Alterations that change chromosome structure are known as? | [
"lesions",
"deformities",
"mutations",
"traits"
] | Chromosomal alterations are mutations that change chromosome structure. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7673 | What do young female meerkats act as in colonies? | [
"defenders",
"predators",
"midwives",
"babysitters"
] | Besides social insects, animals in many other species also cooperate. For example, in meerkat colonies, young female meerkats act as babysitters. They take care of the baby meerkats while their parents are out looking for food. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6321 | Vitamin d is made in the skin when it is exposed to what? | [
"dirt",
"sunlight",
"water",
"darkness"
] | Vitamins are organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly. Humans need 16 different vitamins. Six of them are listed in Table below . Vitamin D is made in the skin when it is exposed to sunlight. Bacteria that normally live in the gut make vitamins B12 and K. All other vitamins must come ... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_11567 | What term refers to entities, events or powers regarded as being beyond nature, and cannot be explained by scientific means? | [
"hypothetical",
"supernatural",
"fictional",
"natural"
] | Science is based on the analysis of observations made either through our senses or by using special equipment. Science therefore cannot explain anything about the natural world that is beyond what is observable. The term supernatural refers to entities, events, or powers regarded as being beyond nature, in that such th... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3261 | What type of cells in the body fluids and tissues of most animals specifically interact with and destroy pathogens? | [
"Microglial cells",
"immune cells",
"White blood cells",
"Dendritic cells"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_8732 | What are oil in folded layers of rock called? | [
"macroparticle",
"anticlines",
"dendrites",
"oscillations"
] | Geologists look for oil in folded layers of rock called anticlines ( Figure below ). Oil moves through permeable rock and is trapped by the impermeable cap rock. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_6863 | All living things are able to produce what? | [
"toxins",
"offspring",
"proteins",
"tissue"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_7511 | As blood glucose levels rise what is released from the pancreas? | [
"estrogen",
"insulin",
"hemoglobin",
"adrenaline"
] | 24.5 Metabolic States of the Body There are three main metabolic states of the body: absorptive (fed), postabsorptive (fasting), and starvation. During any given day, your metabolism switches between absorptive and postabsorptive states. Starvation states happen very rarely in generally well-nourished individuals. When... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5331 | What are the devices placed in electric circuits where charge can build up, which store energy when charged and release it when they discharge? | [
"antennas",
"resistors",
"capacitors",
"generators"
] | When current flows through wires and resistors in a circuit as a result of a difference in electric potential, charge does not build up significantly anywhere on its path. Capacitors are devices placed in electric circuits where charge can build up. The amount of charge a capacitor can store before it “fills up” depend... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7856 | What is the loss of energy available to do work called? | [
"force",
"power",
"entropy",
"negentropy"
] | 15.6 Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics: Disorder and the Unavailability of Energy • Entropy is the loss of energy available to do work. • Another form of the second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of a system either increases or remains constant; it never decreases. • Entropy is zero in a... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_9545 | What kind of reactions between an acid and a base yield a salt and water? | [
"distillation",
"neutralization",
"oxidation",
"evaporation"
] | Neutralization reactions between an acid and a base yield a salt and water. In some cases, this results in a completely neutral solution. However, some salts are weakly acidic or basic. How can we tell whether a given salt will act as an acid or base? Looking at the relative strengths of the acid and base that were use... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8281 | What do the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas contribute that aid in digestion? | [
"plasma",
"chemicals",
"crystals",
"contaminants"
] | The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas contribute chemicals that aid in digestion. | B | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.