dataset string | id string | question string | choices list | rationale string | answer string | subject string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sciq | sciq_3004 | What type of cells have chloroplasts? | [
"simple cells",
"human cells",
"animal cells",
"plant cells"
] | Plants are multicellular eukaryotes with cell walls made of cellulose. Plant cells also have chloroplasts. In addition, plants have specialized reproductive organs. These are structures that produce reproductive cells. Male reproductive organs produce sperm, and female reproductive organs produce eggs. Male and female ... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_1664 | An antigen is a macromolecule that reacts with components of what? | [
"circulatory system",
"pulmonary system",
"immune system",
"digestion system"
] | Figure 42.10 An antigen is a macromolecule that reacts with components of the immune system. A given antigen may contain several motifs that are recognized by immune cells. Each motif is an epitope. In this figure, the entire structure is an antigen, and the orange, salmon and green components projecting from it repres... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_8289 | Pathogens infect many animals and are agents of what? | [
"mutation",
"disease",
"drought",
"change"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_9233 | All metabolic functions carried out by a prokaryote take place in the plasma membrane or where else? | [
"mitochondrial",
"cytosol",
"extracellular",
"Shell"
] | The bacterium in Figure above is a prokaryote. Prokaryotes are microscopic organisms that have neither a membrane-bound nucleus nor membrane-bound organelles. Some cell biologists consider the term "organelle" to describe membrane-bound structures only, whereas other cell biologists define organelles as discrete struct... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_5129 | In order to determine its molecular formula, it is necessary to know what about the compound? | [
"polar mass",
"lipid mass",
"molar mass",
"protons mass"
] | Empirical formulas can be determined from the percent composition of a compound. In order to determine its molecular formula, it is necessary to know the molar mass of the compound. Chemists use an instrument called a mass spectrometer to determine the molar mass of compounds. In order to go from the empirical formula ... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7282 | What process produces four haploid daughter cells, each genetically unique? | [
"electrolysis",
"budding",
"meiosis",
"mitosis"
] | Mitosis vs. Meiosis Comparison. Mitosis produces two diploid daughter cells, genetically identical to the parent cell. Meiosis produces four haploid daughter cells, each genetically unique. See How Cells Divide: Mitosis vs. Meiosis at http://www. pbs. org/wgbh/nova/miracle/divide. html for an animation comparing the tw... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2643 | Condensation, melting, deposition, sublimation, vaporization, and freezing are all considered changes in what? | [
"state",
"density",
"altitude",
"speed"
] | Changes of state are physical changes in matter. They are reversible changes that do not involve changes in matter’s chemical makeup or chemical properties. Common changes of state include melting, freezing, sublimation, deposition, condensation, and vaporization. These changes are shown in Figure below . Each is descr... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11582 | Decreasing the volume of a gas and keeping everything else the same will cause its pressure to change in what way? | [
"increase",
"decrease",
"lower",
"heat up"
] | When gas molecules bump into things, it creates pressure. Pressure is greater when gas molecules occupy a smaller space, because greater crowding results in more collisions. This explains why decreasing the volume of a gas increases its pressure. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7602 | Acting like drawstrings to close off the alimentary canal, what regulates the passage of material between compartments? | [
"hamstring",
"sphincter",
"intestine",
"uterus"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_4740 | What do you call the pattern of lines formed when light passes through a prism to separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains? | [
"prismatic rainbow",
"atomic emission spectrum",
"light emission spectrum",
"kaleidoscope effect"
] | Scientists studied the distinctive pink color of the gas discharge created by hydrogen gas. When a narrow beam of this light was viewed through a prism, the light was separated into four lines of very specific wavelengths (and frequencies since and are inversely related). An atomic emission spectrum is the pattern of l... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9152 | A wave is the transfer of energy through what else? | [
"matter",
"liquid",
"air",
"gas"
] | Most ocean waves are caused by winds. A wave is the transfer of energy through matter. A wave that travels across miles of ocean is traveling energy, not water. Ocean waves transfer energy from wind to the water. The energy is transferred from one water molecule to the next. The energy of a wave may travel for thousand... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7964 | What is it called when waves interact with other waves? | [
"combination interference",
"wave impact",
"wave interference",
"wave collision"
] | Waves interact not only with matter in the ways described above. Waves also interact with other waves. This is called wave interference . Wave interference may occur when two waves that are traveling in opposite directions meet. The two waves pass through each other, and this affects their amplitude. How amplitude is a... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_10877 | What is the study of heredity called? | [
"heretics",
"pediatrics",
"genetics",
"geriatrics"
] | Introduction Genetics is the study of heredity. Johann Gregor Mendel set the framework for genetics long before chromosomes or genes had been identified, at a time when meiosis was not well understood. Mendel selected a simple biological system and conducted methodical, quantitative analyses using large sample sizes. B... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_8275 | What is the only commercial way of reproducing plants such as orchids? | [
"grafting",
"cloning",
"sexual reproduction",
"cross-breeding"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_8138 | What elements have the highest attraction for electrons? | [
"nonmetals",
"metals",
"gases",
"carbons"
] | Nonmetals tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions and have a high attraction for electrons within a compound. The most reactive nonmetals reside in the upper right portion of the periodic table. Since the noble gases are a special group because of their lack of reactivity, the element fluorine is the most reactive... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9916 | Where are about 75% of the tar sands in the world located? | [
"alberta, canada and peru",
"venezuela and alberta, canada",
"venezuela and onatrio,canada",
"china and onatrio, canada"
] | About 75% of the tar sands in the world are in Venezuela and Alberta, Canada ( Figure below ). Large areas of land are degraded when tar sands are mined. A tremendous amount of waste rock is produced from mining tar sands. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4067 | How many types of glands does the dermis contain? | [
"two",
"six",
"ten",
"three"
] | The dermis also contains hair follicles and two types of glands. You can see some of these structures in Figure below . | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3970 | Many species secrete a hard external skeleton of what? | [
"hydrogen carbonate",
"carbon dioxide",
"calcium carbonate",
"sodium bicarbonate"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_11589 | When amino acids bind together, they form a long chain called what, which is an essential component of protein? | [
"enzyme",
"peptide",
"polypeptide",
"lipids"
] | When amino acids bind together, they form a long chain called a polypeptide . A protein consists of one or more polypeptide chains. A protein may have up to four levels of structure. The lowest level, a protein’s primary structure, is its sequence of amino acids. Higher levels of protein structure are described in Figu... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_7306 | What type of bacteria stains red? | [
"kilogram-negative bacteria",
"gram-negative bacteria",
"gram - such bacteria",
"calcium - negative bacteria"
] | Bacteria that stain red are called gram-negative bacteria. They have a thin cell wall with an outer membrane. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_6951 | What are the properties of solutions called that depend only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on their identity? | [
"platyhelminth properties",
"platyhelminth properties",
"platyhelminth properties",
"colligative properties"
] | The vapor pressure of a solution is lower than that of the pure solvent at the same temperature. This decrease in vapor pressure is one example of a colligative property . Colligative properties are properties of solutions that depend only on the concentration of dissolved particles and not on their identity. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8529 | What kind of parasites are nearly all ticks that live on the body surfaces of reptiles or mammals? | [
"protozoa",
"helminths",
"bloodsucking",
"ectoparasites"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_7397 | What are archaea that live in extremely hot environments called? | [
"thermophiles",
"hypothermic",
"hemophiliacs",
"tardigrades"
] | Archaea that live in extremely hot environments are called thermophiles. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11545 | Studies have shown that not only does reproduction have a cost as far as how long male fruit flies live, but also fruit flies that have already mated several times have limited amounts of this? | [
"chromosomes",
"dna",
"eggs",
"sperm"
] | Energy Budgets, Reproductive Costs, and Sexual Selection in Drosophila Research into how animals allocate their energy resources for growth, maintenance, and reproduction has used a variety of experimental animal models. Some of this work has been done using the common fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Studies have s... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6422 | What determines the strength of a base when dissolved in water? | [
"saline content",
"pH level",
"amount of hydroxide ions produced",
"amount of phosphorus ions produced"
] | The strength of a base depends on how many hydroxide ions it produces when it dissolves in water. A stronger base produces more hydroxide ions than a weaker base. For example, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a base in drain cleaner, is a strong base because all of it breaks down into ions when it dissolves in water. Calcium c... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2605 | What tissue blocks entry of pathogens in mammals? | [
"pathological",
"esophageal",
"dendritic",
"epithelial"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_5928 | In what form is most of the earth's freshwater? | [
"frozen",
"liqued",
"gas",
"steam"
] | Oceans of salt water cover much of Earth’s surface. Freshwater is water that contains little or no salt. Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen in ice caps and glaciers. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10101 | What occurs when a cold air mass runs into a warm air mass? | [
"a cold front",
"an occluded front",
"a snow day",
"a stationary front"
] | A cold front occurs when a cold air mass runs into a warm air mass. This is shown in Figure below . The cold air mass moves faster than the warm air mass and lifts the warm air mass out of its way. As the warm air rises, its water vapor condenses. Clouds form, and precipitation falls. If the warm air is very humid, pre... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11144 | Stoichiometric coefficients are used in chemical equations to indicate the amounts of reactants and what? | [
"products",
"consumers",
"imports",
"fuels"
] | Stoichiometric coefficients are used in chemical equations to indicate the amounts of reactants and products. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7805 | What is the apparatus used for carrying out an electrolysis reaction called? | [
"reversible cell",
"biochemical cell",
"electrolytic cell",
"fluorescent cell"
] | An electrolytic cell is the apparatus used for carrying out an electrolysis reaction. Figure below shows an electrolytic cell composed of Zn|Zn 2+ and Cu|Cu 2+ half-cells. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_8468 | How does the atomic number change during beta emission? | [
"stays the same",
"increases by one",
"decreases by one",
"increases by two"
] | Beta (β) decay is a more complicated process. Unlike the α-emission, which simply expels a particle, the β-emission involves the transformation of a neutron in the nucleus to a proton and an electron. The electron is then ejected from the nucleus. In the process, the atomic number increases by one while the atomic weig... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7323 | Why do waves travel faster through solids? | [
"particles range together",
"particles pipe together",
"particles closer together",
"particles fuse together"
] | The speed of most waves depends on the medium, or the matter through which the waves are traveling. Generally, waves travel fastest through solids and slowest through gases. That’s because particles are closest together in solids and farthest apart in gases. When particles are farther apart, it takes longer for the ene... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_8474 | What type of bond generally forms between a metal and non-metal? | [
"unbreakable",
"ionic",
"horizontal",
"soluble"
] | Ionic bonds form only between metals and nonmetals. That’s because metals “want” to give up electrons, and nonmetals “want” to gain electrons. Find sodium (Na) in the Figure below . Sodium is an alkali metal in group 1. Like all group 1 elements, it has just one valence electron. If sodium loses that one electron, it w... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10446 | Which layer is the lithosphere located? | [
"eclipses layer",
"nearest layer",
"radii layer",
"outermost layer"
] | Lithosphere and asthenosphere are layers based on physical properties. The outermost layer is the lithosphere . The lithosphere is the crust and the uppermost mantle. In terms of physical properties, this layer is rigid, solid, and brittle. It is easily cracked or broken. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5845 | When using a microscope we do not see the entire extent of the sample. depending on the eyepiece and objective lens we see a restricted region which we say is this? | [
"peripheral view",
"field of view",
"tunnel vision",
"focal point"
] | When using a microscope we do not see the entire extent of the sample. Depending on the eyepiece and objective lens we see a restricted region which we say is the field of view. The objective is then manipulated in two-dimensions above the sample to view other regions of the sample. Electronic scanning of either the ob... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7458 | What is the most diverse and abundant group of organisms on earth, numbering in the millions of trillions? | [
"viruses",
"pests",
"pathogens",
"bacteria"
] | Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant group of organisms on Earth. They live in almost all environments. They are found in the ocean, the soil, and the intestines of animals. They are even found in rocks deep below Earth’s surface. Any surface that has not been sterilized is likely to be covered with bacteria. The... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_2266 | Mass spectrometry today is used extensively in chemistry and biology laboratories to identify chemical and biological substances according to their ratios of what? | [
"ph to charge",
"mass-to-charge",
"volume to charge",
"mass to volume"
] | Mass spectrometry today is used extensively in chemistry and biology laboratories to identify chemical and biological substances according to their mass-to-charge ratios. In medicine, mass spectrometers are used to measure the concentration of isotopes used as tracers. Usually, biological molecules such as proteins are... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_8960 | What two substances do plants give off when they make food? | [
"carbon dioxide and oxygen",
"oxygen and water",
"chlorophyll and nitrogen",
"water and oil"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_10462 | What are unique about prokaryotic cells' organelles? | [
"not membrane-bound",
"no cell walls",
"only membrane - bound",
"no epidermis"
] | Diagram of a typical prokaryotic cell. Among other things, prokaryotic cells have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA. Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles or a cell nucleus. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_10492 | What kind of compounds contain positively and negatively charged ions in a ratio that results in an overall charge of zero? | [
"neutral compounds",
"zero charged compunds",
"zeronic ions",
"ionic compounds"
] | Summary The atoms in chemical compounds are held together by attractive electrostatic interactions known as chemical bonds. Ionic compounds contain positively and negatively charged ions in a ratio that results in an overall charge of zero. The ions are held together in a regular spatial arrangement by electrostatic fo... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_8294 | People with which skin type run a greater risk of vitamin d deficiency? | [
"lighter skin",
"darker skin",
"weaker skin",
"brighter skin"
] | The epidermis also contains melanocytes , which are cells that produce melanin. Melanin is the brownish pigment that gives skin much of its color. Everyone has about the same number of melanocytes, but the melanocytes of people with darker skin produce more melanin. The amount of melanin produced is determined by hered... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9129 | In angiosperms, flowers and fruits are adaptations essential for what process? | [
"death",
"photosynthesis",
"variation",
"reproduction"
] | 30.3 The reproductive adaptations of angiosperms include flowers and fruits. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_11256 | What type of evolution often happens in species that have symbiotic relationships? | [
"spontaneous evolution",
"retrogression",
"succession",
"coevolution"
] | Coevolution often happens in species that have symbiotic relationships. Examples include flowering plants and their pollinators. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7185 | Nearly all rocks are made of what? | [
"sand",
"magma",
"minerals",
"calcium"
] | Nearly all rocks are made of minerals. A few are made of materials that do not fit the definition of minerals. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_422 | In scientific investigations, descriptive statistics are useful for summarizing the characteristics of large what? | [
"questions",
"tissues",
"samples",
"organisms"
] | The girls in the picture above make up a small sample—there are only four of them. In scientific investigations, samples may include hundreds or even thousands of people or other objects of study. Especially when samples are very large, it’s important to be able to summarize their overall characteristics with a few num... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_3830 | Defined as a difference in electric potential energy, a source of what is required in order to produce an electrical current? | [
"momentum",
"magnetism",
"wattage",
"voltage"
] | Current requires a source of voltage, which is a difference in electric potential energy. Sources of voltage include chemical cells and solar cells. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9953 | What is the name of the disorder of the arteries in which cholesterol and other materials are deposited on the interior of the arterial wall? | [
"atherosclerosis",
"paralysis",
"arthritis",
"anemia"
] | Cholesterol has been implicated in heart disease for decades. Atherosclerosis is a disorder of the arteries in which cholesterol and other materials are deposited on the interior of the arterial wall. These deposits lead to the formation of plaques that can restrict or even block the flow of blood through these blood v... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3935 | What is the term for coiled structures made of dna and proteins? | [
"nodes",
"chromosomes",
"neutrons",
"platelets"
] | Chromosomes are coiled structures made of DNA and proteins. Chromosomes are the form of the genetic material of a cell during cell division. During other phases of the cell cycle, DNA is not coiled into chromosomes. Instead, it exists as a grainy material called chromatin . | B | null |
sciq | sciq_10967 | Independent assortment occurs when what go to opposite poles of the cell in anaphase i? | [
"chromosomes",
"prokaryotes",
"receptors",
"ballasts"
] | Independent assortment occurs when chromosomes go to opposite poles of the cell in anaphase I. Which chromosomes end up together at each pole is a matter of chance. You can see this in Figures 5.15 and 5.16 as well. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_416 | What atmospheric layer lies above the highest altitude an airplane can go and below the lowest altitude a spacecraft can orbit? | [
"troposphere",
"thermosphere",
"mesosphere",
"stratosphere"
] | Not so fast. The mesosphere is the least known layer of the atmosphere. The mesosphere lies above the highest altitude an airplane can go. It lies below the lowest altitude a spacecraft can orbit. Maybe that's just as well. If you were in the mesosphere without a space suit, your blood would boil! This is because the p... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5243 | The domain geometry for a molecule with four electron pairs is called what? | [
"tetrahedral",
"linear",
"bent",
"trigonal planar"
] | As for methane and ammonia, the domain geometry for a molecule with four electron pairs is tetrahedral. In the water molecule, two of the electron pairs are lone pairs rather than bonding pairs. The molecular geometry of the water molecule is bent. The H-O-H bond angle is 104.5°, which is smaller than the bond angle in... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_542 | Matter can be described with what two encompassing types of properties? | [
"physical and chemical",
"thermal and magnetic",
"color and distance",
"velocity and energy"
] | Matter can be described with both physical properties and chemical properties. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2694 | What are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms called? | [
"carcinogenic hydrocarbons",
"caloric hydrocarbons",
"unsaturated hydrocarbons",
"saturated hydrocarbons"
] | Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are the simplest class of hydrocarbons. They are called saturated because each carbon atom is bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible. In other words, the carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen. You can see an examp... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_4704 | What are inorganic compounds that take the form of discrete molecules called? | [
"ionic compounds",
"molecular compounds",
"functional compounds",
"magnetic compounds"
] | Molecular compounds are inorganic compounds that take the form of discrete molecules . Examples include such familiar substance as water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). These compounds are very different from ionic compounds like sodium chloride (NaCl). Ionic compounds are formed when metal atoms lose one or more o... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_7910 | Where do all cells come from? | [
"busy cells",
"large cells",
"pre-existing cells",
"dying cells"
] | All cells come from pre-existing cells. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1055 | What theory explains the physical behavior of gases? | [
"quantum theory of gases",
"kinetic theory of gases",
"thermodynamic theory of gases",
"relativity theory of gases"
] | The physical behavior of gases is explained by the kinetic theory of gases. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3388 | What begins approximately six weeks after fertilization in an embryo? | [
"incubation",
"calcification",
"ossification",
"elongation"
] | Development of Bone Ossification, or osteogenesis, is the process of bone formation by osteoblasts. Ossification is distinct from the process of calcification; whereas calcification takes place during the ossification of bones, it can also occur in other tissues. Ossification begins approximately six weeks after fertil... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4956 | What do you call it when adult fish of the same species come together in a group and release gametes into the water at the same time? | [
"spawning",
"poaching",
"migration",
"schoaling"
] | Nearly all fish reproduce sexually and have separate sexes. Fertilization is generally external, and most fish are oviparous. Many adults of the same species may come together in a group and release gametes into the water at the same time, which is called spawning. Fish hatch into larvae that are different from the adu... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_2033 | Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic compounds released by fungi of this? | [
"genus aspergillus",
"arthropod class",
"protist group",
"genus sporozoa"
] | Aflatoxins are toxic, carcinogenic compounds released by fungi of the genus Aspergillus. Periodically, harvests of nuts and grains are tainted by aflatoxins, leading to massive recall of produce. This sometimes ruins producers and causes food shortages in developing countries. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_9962 | What refers to a group of individual organisms of the same species that live closely together? | [
"a colony",
"a enviroment",
"a flock",
"a habitat"
] | Some single-celled organisms such as bacteria can group together and form a colony. A colony refers to a group of individual organisms of the same species that live closely together. This is usually done to benefit the group, such as by providing a stronger defense or the ability to attack bigger prey. A colony can als... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6324 | Elongation is the addition of what to the mrna strand? | [
"nucleotides",
"filaments",
"codons",
"glycine"
] | Elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mRNA strand. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_4112 | Where does photosynthesis occur in plants? | [
"in chloroplasts",
"golgi bodies",
"nucleus",
"cell membrane"
] | Figure 8.6 Photosynthesis takes place in chloroplasts, which have an outer membrane and an inner membrane. Stacks of thylakoids called grana form a third membrane layer. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11097 | Water follows where sodium ions lead, due to what process? | [
"absorption",
"hydration",
"osmosis",
"electrolysis"
] | Blood Pressure Regulation Due to osmosis, water follows where Na+ leads. Much of the water the kidneys recover from the forming urine follows the reabsorption of Na+. ADH stimulation of aquaporin channels allows for regulation of water recovery in the collecting ducts. Normally, all of the glucose is recovered, but los... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2831 | What is responsible for the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria? | [
"mosquitoes",
"bacterial mutations",
"flu shots",
"negative mutations"
] | Mutations in many bacteria that allow them to survive in the presence of antibiotic drugs. The mutations lead to antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_3752 | What is the act of noting or detecting phenomenon through the senses | [
"sensory overload",
"overstimulation",
"invention",
"an observation"
] | Scientists first make observations that raise questions. An observation is the act of noting or detecting phenomenon through the senses. For example, noting that a room is dark is an observation made through sight. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10632 | What occurs when a parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells of the same size? | [
"fission",
"division",
"diffusion",
"fusion"
] | Fission Occurs when a parent cell splits into two identical daughter cells of the same size. Bacteria, Protists, Unicellular Fungi. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_8025 | Distinct from a suspension, a solution is considered what type of mixture? | [
"homogeneous",
"gaseous",
"heterogeneous",
"continuous"
] | As a child, you may have made suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water, known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible (or that can be seen with a magnifying glass). They are c... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_3953 | A globe is the best way to make a map of what? | [
"a city",
"whole earth",
"a continent",
"solar system"
] | Earth is a sphere and so is a globe. A globe is the best way to make a map of the whole Earth. Because both the planet and a globe have curved surfaces, the sizes and shapes of countries are not distorted. Distances are true to scale. ( Figure below ). | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9295 | Intermediate filaments tend to give the structural stability to what? | [
"muscles",
"cells",
"nerves",
"proteins"
] | 8.7.1 Intermediate Filaments These are rope like filaments, 8-10nm in diameter and tend to give the structural stability to cells. Examples inculude Vimentin, neurofilaments and keratin. It is keratin which priniciply makes up hair, nails and horns. | B | null |
sciq | sciq_9927 | Polarization occurs between a charged and what other object? | [
"molecular",
"obsolete",
"neutral",
"motionless"
] | Polarization occurs between a charged and neutral object. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4833 | Cellular respiration brings hydrogen and oxygen together to form what? | [
"air",
"cold",
"water",
"Salt"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_5574 | The addition of heat changes liquid water to what? | [
"rainwater",
"ice",
"distilled water",
"water vapor"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_10917 | Bacterial contamination of foods can lead to digestive problems called what? | [
"food poisoning",
"butterflies in your stomach",
"cancer",
"the flu"
] | Bacterial contamination of foods can lead to digestive problems, an illness known as food poisoning . Raw eggs and undercooked meats commonly carry the bacteria that can cause food poisoning. Food poisoning can be prevented by cooking meat thoroughly and washing surfaces that have been in contact with raw meat. Washing... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_11549 | What is the term for physicians and scientists who research and develop vaccines and treat and study conditions ranging from allergies to aids? | [
"vaccinologists",
"endocrinologists",
"immunologists",
"virologists"
] | Immunologist The variations in peripheral proteins and carbohydrates that affect a cell’s recognition sites are of prime interest in immunology. These changes are taken into consideration in vaccine development. Many infectious diseases, such as smallpox, polio, diphtheria, and tetanus, were conquered by the use of vac... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1035 | What organ system consists of the skin, nails and hair? | [
"integumentary system",
"endocrine system",
"digestive system",
"nervous system"
] | The skin is the major organ of the integumentary system , which also includes the nails and hair. In fact, the skin is the body’s largest organ, and a remarkable one at that. Consider these skin facts. The average square inch (6.5 cm 2 ) of skin has 20 blood vessels, 650 sweat glands, and more than a thousand nerve end... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_6242 | The shape of the path of an object undergoing projectile motion in two dimensions is a what? | [
"radius",
"circle",
"orbit",
"parabola"
] | The shape of the path of an object undergoing projectile motion in two dimensions is a parabola. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_6331 | What is caused by atoms or ions when they share or transfer valance electrons? | [
"loss of charge",
"gain of charge",
"force of attraction",
"force of repulsion"
] | No, not all birds can fly. And not all birds have wings. This penguin is a good example. Their wings have evolved into flippers, adapted for swimming instead of flying. The kiwi of New Zealand is another bird without wings. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_5061 | What comes first in the life cycle of a plant? | [
"seed",
"garden",
"pair",
"flower"
] | A | null | |
sciq | sciq_6334 | In which human organ do the juveniles develop into sexually mature adults? | [
"tissues",
"intestines",
"liver",
"muscles"
] | B | null | |
sciq | sciq_8261 | Many carbohydrates can enter glycolysis, most often after conversion to what? | [
"fructose",
"insulin",
"glucose",
"sucrose"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_9390 | The thick tunica media allows muscular arteries to play a leading role in what? | [
"inhibition",
"accumulation",
"vasodilation",
"vasoconstriction"
] | Farther from the heart, where the surge of blood has dampened, the percentage of elastic fibers in an artery’s tunica intima decreases and the amount of smooth muscle in its tunica media increases. The artery at this point is described as a muscular artery. The diameter of muscular arteries typically ranges from 0.1 mm... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_5773 | Fibrous root systems have many small branching roots called what? | [
"tendrils",
"vines",
"fibrous roots",
"taproots"
] | Fibrous root systems have many small branching roots, called fibrous roots , but no large primary root. The huge number of threadlike roots increases the surface area for absorption of water and minerals, but fibrous roots anchor the plant less securely. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1796 | In classical conditioning, a response called the conditioned response is associated with what? | [
"conditioned stimulus",
"blocking effect",
"unconditioned stimulus",
"external inhibition"
] | Conditioned Behavior Conditioned behaviors are types of associative learning, where a stimulus becomes associated with a consequence. During operant conditioning, the behavioral response is modified by its consequences, with regards to its form, strength, or frequency. Classical Conditioning In classical conditioning, ... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_7464 | Average acceleration is the rate of change of what? | [
"speed",
"direction",
"displacement",
"velocity"
] | Average acceleration is the rate of change of velocity, or the change in velocity per unit time. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_3783 | The primary function of insulin is to facilitate the uptake of what into body cells? | [
"sucralose",
"glucose",
"chloride",
"water"
] | Insulin The primary function of insulin is to facilitate the uptake of glucose into body cells. Red blood cells, as well as cells of the brain, liver, kidneys, and the lining of the small intestine, do not have insulin receptors on their cell membranes and do not require insulin for glucose uptake. Although all other b... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_4635 | What process brings nutrients from the ocean's floor to its surface? | [
"Tides",
"coastal swell",
"Down welling",
"upwelling"
] | Upwelling brings nutrients to the surface from the ocean floor. Nutrients are important resources for ocean life. However, they aren’t the only resources on the ocean floor. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_7103 | Wavelengths are described by a unit of what? | [
"speed",
"weight",
"distance",
"direction"
] | Wavelengths are described by a unit of distance, typically meters. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_3994 | The inside surface of the jejunum is covered with tiny projections called what? | [
"mucosa",
"villi",
"flagella",
"alveoli"
] | The jejunum is the second part of the small intestine. This is where most nutrients are absorbed into the blood. The inside surface of the jejunum is covered with tiny projections called villi (villus, singular). The villi make the inner surface of the small intestine 1000 times greater than it would be without them. Y... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2101 | Injuries can be prevented by getting proper what? | [
"exercise and training",
"water and clothing",
"drugs and food",
"rest and recovery"
] | Injuries can also be prevented by proper rest and recovery. If you do not get enough rest, your body will become injured and will not react well to exercise, or improve. You can also rest by doing a different activity. For example, if you run, you can rest your running muscles and joints by swimming. | D | null |
sciq | sciq_10961 | Objects in motion that return to the same position after a fixed period of time are said to be in what? | [
"kinetic motion",
"homeostasis",
"harmonic motion",
"resonant motion"
] | Objects in motion that return to the same position after a fixed period of time are said to be in harmonic motion. Objects in harmonic motion have the ability to transfer some of their energy over large distances. They do so by creating waves in a medium. Imagine pushing up and down on the surface of a bathtub filled w... | C | null |
sciq | sciq_4985 | Where is pedocal soil commonly found? | [
"slopes",
"forests",
"grasslands",
"deserts"
] | Pedocal is the soil common in grasslands. The more arid climate increases calcium in the soil. Pedocal is not as fertile. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_1528 | Carbon is a nonmetal with a significantly higher electronegativity; it is therefore more likely to accept electrons in what kind of reaction? | [
"reversable reaction",
"isotope reaction",
"catalyst reaction",
"redox reaction"
] | a reductant or an oxidant; it is also a Lewis base. The other reactant (Cl2) is an oxidant, so we expect a redox reaction to occur in which the carbon of CO is further oxidized. Because Cl2 is a two-electron oxidant and the carbon atom of CO can be oxidized by two electrons to the +4 oxidation state, the product is pho... | D | null |
sciq | sciq_9588 | What is the largest class of elements? | [
"acids",
"oils",
"metals",
"organics"
] | Metals are elements that are good conductors of electricity. They are the largest class of elements. Many metals are shiny, ductile, and malleable. They are also good conductors of heat. Almost all metals are solids are room temperature. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2741 | What is the term for an amount of force pushing against a given area? | [
"mass",
"force",
"pressure",
"resistance"
] | Gas particles are constantly moving and bumping into things, and this creates force. The amount of force pushing against a given area is called pressure. | C | null |
sciq | sciq_2278 | What state of matter takes the shape and volume of whatever container it occupies? | [
"solid",
"liquid",
"mixture",
"gas"
] | D | null | |
sciq | sciq_322 | What is the process of action potentials in myelinated axons jumping between the nodes of ranvier called? | [
"saltatory movement",
"photoreactive conduction",
"saltatory conduction",
"pinworm conduction"
] | C | null | |
sciq | sciq_5162 | A nephrologist studies and deals with diseases of what organ? | [
"kidneys",
"lungs",
"brains",
"stomach"
] | Nephrologist A nephrologist studies and deals with diseases of the kidneys—both those that cause kidney failure (such as diabetes) and the conditions that are produced by kidney disease (such as hypertension). Blood pressure, blood volume, and changes in electrolyte balance come under the purview of a nephrologist. Nep... | A | null |
sciq | sciq_400 | What is the term for a random change in allele frequencies that occurs in a small population? | [
"genetic drift",
"evolution",
"speciation",
"mutation"
] | Genetic drift is a random change in allele frequencies that occurs in a small population. When a small number of parents produce just a few offspring, allele frequencies in the offspring may differ, by chance, from allele frequencies in the parents. | A | null |
sciq | sciq_102 | What is the term for the force of attraction between things that have a mass? | [
"weight",
"gravity",
"magnetism",
"motion"
] | Gravity has traditionally been defined as a force of attraction between things that have mass. According to this conception of gravity, anything that has mass, no matter how small, exerts gravity on other matter. Gravity can act between objects that are not even touching. In fact, gravity can act over very long distanc... | B | null |
sciq | sciq_2100 | Involved in balance, the semicircular canals are parts of what organs? | [
"ears",
"ovaries",
"eyes",
"lungs"
] | The parts of the ears involved in balance are the semicircular canals. These are the curved structures above the cochlea in the inner ear in Figure above . Like the cochlea, the semicircular canals contain liquid and are lined with tiny hair cells. As the head changes position, the liquid moves. This causes the hair ce... | A | null |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.