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Systems that can map from natural language descriptions of tasks or programs to executable code have the potential for great societal impact, helping to bridge the gap between non-expert users and basic automation or full-fledged software development. Accordingly, this area of research has garnered significant interest... | 0 |
Research and development in automated essay scoring has begun to flourish in the past five years or so, bringing about a whole new field of interest to the NLP community (Burstein, et al (1998a (Burstein, et al ( , 1998b (Burstein, et al ( and 1998c , Foltz, et al (1998) , Larkey (1998) , Page and Peterson (1995) ). Re... | 0 |
The performance of Part-of-Speech (PoS) taggers significantly degrades when they are applied to test sentences that depart from training data. To illustrate this claim, Table 1 reports the error rate achieved by our in-house PoS tagger on the different combinations of train and test sets of the French treebanks of the ... | 0 |
Contemporary linguistic research relies more and more heavily on the exploration of statistical patterns in language. The non-categorical distribution and variety of linguistic units has become a focus for understanding complex variations across patterns, such as dative alternations (Bresnan et al., 2007) or cases of o... | 0 |
A variety of structures for discourse representation has been proposed, including successive trees of varying sizes connected and occasionally intertwined at the peripheries (Hobbs, 1985) , a single tree structure (Rhetorical Structure Theory, RST, Mann & Thompson, 1988) , entity chains (Knott et al. 2001) , tree-adjoi... | 0 |
Internet and Social Media have changed the trends of written text communication during the last years providing a straightforward and informal scenario (Agichtein et al., 2008) . Thus, the focus of written text has evolved from grammatically correct structures to a content centered scenario. Nowadays, human web readers... | 0 |
In [Kaplan and Bresnan, 1982] Lexical Functional Grammar (LFG) was introduced as a grammatical formalism that assigns to a sentence entities of two different levels of representation: a c-structure representing information on the structure of the phrases of a sentence and an f-structure which represents its underlying ... | 0 |
Modern state-of-the-art GEC models use the sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) approach and Transformer Encoder-Decoder architecture (Ge et al., 2018) . The core idea of seq2seq approach for GEC is the following: tokens from the source sequence are sent to the model input, and a similar sequence without errors is expected a... | 0 |
Single-relation factoid questions are the most common form of questions found in search query logs and community question answering websites (Yih et al., 2014; . A knowledge-base (KB) such as Freebase, DBpedia, or Wikidata can help answer such questions after users reformulate them as queries. For instance, the questio... | 0 |
Research into the early assessment, pathogenesis, and progression of dementia is becoming increasingly important, as the proportion of people it affects grows every year. Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common type of dementia, affects more than half of the population above 80 years of age and its impact on society ... | 0 |
In computational linguistics, the interest in terminological applications such as automatic term extraction is growing, and many studies use the quantitative information (cf. Kageura & Umino, 1996) . However, the basic quantitative nature of terminological structure, which is essential for terminological theory and app... | 0 |
Machine reading, or learning by reading, aims to extract knowledge automatically from unstructured text and apply the extracted knowledge to end tasks such as decision making and question answering. It has been a major goal of AI and NLP since their early days. With the advent of the Web, the billions of online text do... | 0 |
The huge amount of information available on the web has led to a flurry of research on methods for automatic creation of structured information from large unstructured text corpora. The challenge is to create as much information as possible while providing as little input as possible.A lot of this research is based on ... | 0 |
Readers have an increasing number of opportunities to read opinions (personal ideas or beliefs), feelings (mental states), and sentiments (positive or negative judgments) that have been written or posted on web pages such as review sites, personal web sites, blogs, and BBSes. Such subjective information on the web can ... | 0 |
The progress towards a more pervasive integration of machine translation (MT) into industrial translation workflows has to confront two interconnected problems. On one side, MT technology should be able to guarantee a high level of flexibility to deliver good-quality output in a wide range of use scenarios (language co... | 0 |
Traditional Information Retrieval (IR) focuses on searching and ranking a list of documents in response to a user's question. However, in many cases, a user has a specific question and want for IR systems to return the answer itself rather than a list of documents (Voorhees and Tice (2000) ). To satisfy this need, the ... | 0 |
Pinyin is the official romanization representation for Chinese and pinyin-to-character (P2C) which concerts the inputted pinyin sequence to Chinese character sequence is the core module of all pinyin based IMEs. Previous works in kinds of literature only focus on pinyin to the character itself, paying less attention to... | 0 |
In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to deep semantic processing. Many studies (Betherd et al., 2008) , (Inui et al., 2007) , (Inui et al., 2003) , (Riaz and Girju, 2013) have been recently conducted on deep semantic processing, and causal relation extraction (CRE) is one of the specific tasks in deep ... | 0 |
Neural machine translation (Bahdanau et al., 2014; Sutskever et al., 2014) has recently become the dominant approach to machine translation. However, the standard encoder-decoder models with attention have been shown to perform poorly in low-resource settings (Koehn and Knowles, 2017) , a problem which can be alleviate... | 0 |
Part-of-speech (POS) tagging is one important phase in natural language processing (NLP). It is the process of labeling words in sentences with the part of speech. POS tagging is necessary in other NLP applications such as named entity recognition and syntactic analysis. Automated POS tagging approaches include rule-ba... | 0 |
Understanding relations between words and phrases is a long-standing problem in natural language processing. Various resources are collected and utilized in order to understand different types of relations between words, including synonymy, antonymy (Turney, 2008) and hierarchical relationships such as hyponymy and hyp... | 0 |
Lexical Simplification is a subtask of Text Simplification (Siddharthan, 2006) concerned with replacing words or short phrases by simpler variants in a context aware fashion (generally synonyms), which can be understood by a wider range of readers. It generally envisages a certain human target audience that may find it... | 0 |
eTITLE is a two-year project that ended in February 2006 and has created web-based solutions that allow media content owners to exploit it internationally, through multilingual and cross-platform localisation. The project builds on a spectrum of newly available technologies for Digital Asset Management, Automated speec... | 0 |
In this paper we explore whether metrics commonly used for the automated evaluation of written summaries can be used to evaluate spoken summaries in the context of language assessment.The performance of automatic summarization systems is routinely evaluated using content met-rics such as ROUGE (Lin and Rey, 2004) , whi... | 0 |
An impressive array of statistical methods have been developed for word sense identification. They range from dictionary-based approaches that rely on definitions (V~ronis and Ide 1990; Wilks et al. 1993) to corpus-based approaches that use only word cooccurrence frequencies extracted from large textual corpora (Sch~it... | 0 |
Text-based sentiment analysis offers valuable insight into the opinions of large communities of reviewers, commenters and customers. In their survey of the field, Pang and Lee (2008) highlight the importance of sentiment analysis across a range of industries, including review aggregation websites, business intelligence... | 0 |
A variety of inductive learning techniques have been used in recent years in natural language processing. Given a large training corpus as input and relying on statistical properties of language usage, statistics-based and machine learning algorithms are used to induce a classifier which can be used to resolve a disamb... | 0 |
The problem of similarity search, also called nearest-neighbor search, consists of finding documents from a large collection of documents, or corpus, which are most similar to a query document of interest. Fast and accurate similarity search is at the core of many information retrieval applications, such as plagiarism ... | 0 |
Cet article présente la campagne d'évaluation 2020 du défi fouille de texte (DEFT). Cette nouvelle édition se compose de trois tâches, dont deux nouvelles portant sur la similarité entre phrases et l'identification de phrases parallèles en domaine général et domaine de spécialité, tandis que la troisième tâche reprend ... | 0 |
Automatic text summarization aims at providing a brief summary for a long document. It requires the ability to understand document-level input, catch the main idea of it, and generate a fluent text. Recently, monolingual summarization has witnessed great success with the development of new neural systems (Zhong et al.,... | 0 |
Word is a logical semantic and syntactic unit in natural language. Unlike English, there is no delimiter to mark word boundaries in Chinese language, so in most Chinese NLP tasks, word segmentation is a foundation task, which transforms Chinese character string into word sequence. It is prerequisite to POS tagger, pars... | 0 |
The task of coreference resolution aims to identify which mentions in a text refer to the same real-world entity. Although coreference resolution is mostly studied as a clustering problem, it has also been studied as a Semantic Web problem by using Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Named Entity Linking (NEL) approache... | 0 |
L'édition 2019 du défi fouille de textes (DEFT 2019, https://deft.limsi.fr/2019/) porte sur l'analyse de cas cliniques rédigés en français. Cette édition se compose de trois tâches autour de la recherche d'information et de l'extraction d'information. Bien que ces tâches aient déjà fait l'objet de campagnes d'évaluatio... | 0 |
As stated in the call for participation for this Semeval task, sentiment analysis focusing on overall polarity of a document, sentence, or similar context has been well studied in recent years (Liu, 2010; Pang and Lee, 2008; Tsytsarau and Palpanas, 2012) . However, there is less prior work examining finer levels of gra... | 0 |
Causality is an important concept that helps us to make sense of the world around us. This is exemplified by the Causality-by-default hypothesis (Sanders, 2005) that has shown that humans, when presented with two consecutive sentences expressing a relation that is ambiguous between a causal and an additive reading, com... | 0 |
Sentence and word aligned parallel corpora are extensively used for statistical machine translation (Al-Onaizan et al., 1999; Callison-Burch, 2004) and in multilingual natural language processing (NLP) applications (Kaur and Kaur, 2012) . In recent years, parallel corpora have become more widely available and serve as ... | 0 |
The approach of end-to-end Neural Machine Translation (NMT) continues to make rapid progress. A simple encoder-decoder model was proposed by Sutskever et al. (2014) , and an attentional mechanism was added to better exploit the encoder-side information (Luong et al., 2015; Bahdanau et al., 2015) . Compared to tradition... | 0 |
Named entity recognition involves locating and classifying the names in text. NER is an important task, having applications in information extraction (IE), question answering (QA), machine translation and in most other NLP applications.NER systems have been developed for resourcerich languages like English with very hi... | 0 |
En apprentissage automatique, les ensembles de données utilisés correspondent à une vision partielle de la réalité. Les données sont susceptibles de contenir des biais, tels que des biais cognitifs humains ou des biais liés à la collecte des données (c'est-à dire, liés à l'équité de représentation). Les modèles d'appre... | 0 |
Statistical Machine Translation systems have achieved considerable progress in recent years as seen from their performance on international competitions in standard evaluation tasks (NIST, 2003) . This rapid progress has been greatly facilitated by the development of automatic translation evaluation metrics such as BLE... | 0 |
Speech recognition/understanding systems will ultimately establish their usefulness by working well under real application conditions. Success in the field will depend not only on the technology itself but also on the behavior of real users. Real user behavior can be characterized in terms of 1. what people say and 2. ... | 0 |
Grammatical error correction (GEC) deals with the automatic correction of errors (spelling, grammar, and collocation errors), particularly in non-native written text. The native language (L1) background of the writer has a noticeable influence on the errors made in second language (L2) writing, and considering this fac... | 0 |
A common way for marking information about gender, number, and case in language is morphology, or the structure of a given word in the language. However, different languages mark such information in different ways -for example, in some languages gender may be marked on the head word of a syntactic dependency relation, ... | 0 |
Event detection and analysis is a rapidly evolving field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Information Retrieval and Extraction, as it allows us to generalize temporal data in terms of actual time and relative to other occurrences and events. Providing temporal and sequential information can enrich text and its ... | 0 |
Distributional takes on the representation and acquisition of word meaning rely on the assumption that words with similar meaning tend to occur in similar contexts: this assumption, known as distributional hypothesis, has been first proposed by Harris (1954) . Distributional Semantic Models (henceforth, DSMs) are compu... | 0 |
Within recent decades, access to online river information has increased exponentially thanks to great progresses in data collection and storage technologies employed by hydrological organizations worldwide (Dixon, 2010) . Local residents nearby rivers and those engaged in river related activities are now much better in... | 0 |
Social media plays an important role in the life of millions of people. 1/7th of the world's population is using social media services such as Twitter, Facebook every day. There is no doubt that social media has positive effects on society by helping us to connect, communicate, access and spread information, and share ... | 0 |
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a behaviorally-defined neurodevelopmental condition that affects approximately 1.5% of children in the U.S. (Christensen et al., 2016) . Individuals with ASD are characterized by social communication impairments and the presence of restricted and repetitive patterns of interests and ac... | 0 |
More than one half of the Korean words are Sino-Korean words (Chang, 1996) . These words are historically borrowed from Chinese language, could be represented with both Hanja and Hangeul writings. Hanja writing is rarely used in modern Korean language, but still plays important roles in the word sense disambiguation (W... | 0 |
Human-computer information retrieval (HCIR) is the study of techniques that takes advantage of human intelligence into the search process. Through a multi-step search process, it facilitates opportunities for human feedback by taking into account the query context. Examples of HCIR approaches include -faceted search, r... | 0 |
Our research is carried out on texts written during the international language examinations in Europe) standards. Such type of examination is required by Czech universities (the needed CEFR level is usually B2) or often also by employers and the exam is compulsory for foreigners to be granted permanent residence in the... | 0 |
Many state-of-the-art parsers work with lexicalized parsing models that utilize the information and statistics of word tokens (Magerman, 1995; Collins, 1999 Collins, , 2003 Charniak, 2000) . The performance of lexicalized models is susceptible to vocabulary variation as lexical statistics is often corpus-specific (Ratn... | 0 |
Arabic Modal Multiword Expressions (AM-MWEs) are complex constructions that convey modality senses. We define seven modality senses, based on Palmer's (2001) cross-lingual typology, which are (un)certainty, evidentiality, obligation, permission, commitment, ability and volition.AM-MWEs range from completely fixed, idio... | 0 |
La maladie de Parkinson (désormais MP) est une pathologie neurodégénérative se traduisant par une perte progressive de neurones de la voie nigro-striée, entrainant un déficit fonctionnel du striatum et, de ce fait, une perte progressive en dopamine striatale. Cette dégénérescence induit d'importantes difficultés dans l... | 0 |
One of the most noticeable trends in the past decade of Natural Language Processing (NLP) research has been the deployment of language processing technology to meet the information retrieval and extraction needs of scientists in other disciplines. This meeting of fields has proven mutually beneficial: scientists increa... | 0 |
Bound nouns (BN) exhibit various peculiar properties, not found in common nouns in the language. For example, unlike canonical nouns, bound nouns cannot occur independently: they obligatory select a complement (determiner or sentence). This is rather unusual when considering the language allows most of the arguments to... | 0 |
The past few years have seen a tremendous rise in the usage of Internet and social networks. Unfortunately, the dark side of this growth is an increase in toxic speech. Toxic speech is a type of offensive communication mechanism. Toxic speech can target different societal characteristics such as gender, religion, race,... | 0 |
Standard phrase-based machine translation (Och et al., 1999; Zens et al., 2002; Koehn et al., 2003) uses relative frequencies of phrase pairs to estimate a translation model. The phrase table is extracted from a bilingual text aligned on the word level, using e.g. GIZA ++ (Och and Ney, 2003) . Although the phrase pairs... | 0 |
Natural Language Generation (NLG) is the final procedure in the pipeline of task-oriented dialogues. As the result of NLG is directly facing users, its readability and informativeness have a direct impact on users' perception of the entire dialogue system. On one hand, the response must contain the desired information,... | 0 |
The last few years have seen a rapid growth in the development of machine learning applications for non-English languages. This growth can be attributed to several factors such as increased Internet penetration (especially in non-English speaking countries) and wide adoption of Unicode standards that allow people to ge... | 0 |
In this paper, the University of Sheffield (USFD) system for the International Workshop on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT) 2014 is introduced. USFD participated in Englishto-French and English-to-German SLT tasks. The ASR and MT systems made use of state-of-the-art technologies. On the ASR side, two deep neural net... | 0 |
Foreign entity names (FENs) are difficult to recognize correctly in automatic speech recognition (ASR). Pronunciation rules that cover native words usually give incorrect pronunciation for foreign words. More often the foreign entity names encountered in speech are out-of-vocabulary words, previously unseen words not p... | 0 |
Unsupervised domain adaptation is a fundamental problem for natural language processing, as we hope to apply our systems to datasets unlike those for which we have annotations. This is particularly relevant as labeled datasets become stale in comparison with rapidly evolving social media writing styles (Eisenstein, 201... | 0 |
Generalized linear classifiers, in particular Support Vector Machines (SVMs), have recently been successfully applied to the task of semantic role identification and classification (Pradhan et al., 2005) , inter alia.Although the SVM approach has a number of properties that make it attractive (above all, excellent soft... | 0 |
The development of multimodal conversation agents is a long standing challenge (e.g. (Winograd, 1972) ). In recent years, much has been achieved on the challenge of Visual Question Answering (VQA) (e.g. (Antol et al., 2015; Goyal et al., 2017) .) The rapid advancements have brought researchers to further increase the d... | 0 |
Calculating document relatedness is key in creating recommender systems for digital libraries (we focus on research paper recommenders -our work is, however, equally applicable to patents, websites, court rulings and other documents with hyperlinks, citations respectively). Recommender systems in digital libraries calc... | 0 |
People actively use dialects to mark their regional origin (Shoemark et al., 2017a,b) , making them one of the main drivers of language variation. Accounting for this variation is a challenge for NLP systems (see for example the failed attempts of people with accents trying to use dialogue systems. Accounting for varia... | 0 |
Constraint Grammar (CG, Karlsson et al. (1995) ) is a formalism used to disambiguate morphologically analysed text. A grammar consists of rules that target specific readings for selection or removal, based on contextual tests. For example, the following rule REMOVE verb IF (-1 det) ; removes all verb readings from a wo... | 0 |
The task of general purpose spelling correction has a long history (e.g. Damerau, 1964; Rieseman and Hanson, 1974; McIlroy, 1982) , traditionally focusing on resolving typographical errors such as insertions, deletions, substitutions, and transpositions of letters that result in unknown words (i.e. words not found in a... | 0 |
Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) is the problem of analyzing clause predicates in text by identifying arguments and tagging them with semantic labels indicating the role they play with respect to the predicate. Such sentence-level semantic analysis allows the determination of who did what to whom, when and where, and thus ... | 0 |
Place names, or toponyms, are ubiquitous in natural language texts. In many applications, including Geographic Information Systems (GIS), it is necessary to interpret a given toponym mention as a particular entity in a geographical database or gazetteer. Thus the mention "Washington" in "He visited Washington last year... | 0 |
Interest in grammatical error correction (GEC) systems has grown considerably in the past few years, thanks mainly to the success of the recent Helping Our Own (HOO) (Dale and Kilgarriff, 2011; Dale et al., 2012) and Conference on Natural Language Learning (CoNLL) Ng et al., 2014) shared tasks. Despite this increasing ... | 0 |
A significant amount of spatial information in natural language is encoded in spatial relationships between objects. In this paper, we present our approach for detecting the special case of spatial relations evaluated in SemEval-2012 Task 3, Spatial Role Labeling (SpRL) (Kordjamshidi et al., 2012) . This task considers... | 0 |
Comments to news and their providers in online forums have been increasing rapidly in recent years with a large number of user participants and huge amount of interactive contents. How can we understand the mass of comments effectively? A crucial initial step towards this goal should be content linking, which is to det... | 0 |
Parsing is an important and fundamental task in natural language processing. In the past years, many researches focusing on building high quality parsers for English (Charniak, 2000; Collins, 2003; Charniak and Johnson, 2005; Petrov et al., 2006) and these parsers obtain the state-of-the-art performance up to 92% accur... | 0 |
Word alignment is used in various natural language processing applications, and most statistical machine translation systems rely on word alignment as a preprocessing step. Traditionally the word alignment model is trained in an unsupervised manner, e.g. the most widely used tool GIZA++ (Och and Ney, 2003) , which impl... | 0 |
Document structure understanding has specifities that need to be taken into consideration for the tasks of title detection and TOC extraction.Annotating headers is an ambiguous task. Humans will disagree whether the underlined word "Abstract" in the first paragraph of every publication is a header or not, in particular... | 0 |
Current navigation services provided by the automotive industry or by Google Maps generate route instructions based on turns and distances of named streets. In contrast, humans naturally use an efficient mode of navigation based on visible and salient physical objects called landmarks. As shown by Tom and Denis (2004) ... | 0 |
Named entity recognition, in particular for morphological rich languages, is challenging task due to the richness of inflected forms and their ambiguity. Evaluation results are usually lower for these languages, when compared to morphologically simpler languages. For instance, for Finnish language Virtanen et al. (2019... | 0 |
Coreference resolution, the task of clustering textual fragments that refer to the same entity in the discourse world, has been successfully tackled for Polish in numerous configurations, starting with a rule-based model (Ogrodniczuk and Kopeć, 2011) through machine-learning (Kopeć and Ogrodniczuk, 2012) and projection... | 0 |
In the last years many multimodal corpora have been collected. These corpora have been recorded in several languages and have being elicited with different methodologies: acted (such as for emotion corpora, see for example Goeleven, 2008) , task oriented corpora, multiparty dialogs, corpora elicited with scripts or sto... | 0 |
SemEval 2020 Task 1: Unsupervised Lexical Semantic Change Detection addresses the problem of identifying lexical semantic change using corpus pairs from different time periods in English, Swedish, German, and Latin . Measuring and characterising lexical semantic change is of interest to linguists as well as to research... | 0 |
Automatic detection of subject divisions within a text is considered to be a very difficult task even for humans, let alone machines. But such subject divisions are used in more complex tasks in text processing such as text summarisation. An automatic method for marking subject boundaries is highly desirable. Hearst (H... | 0 |
The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) participated in the IWSLT 2019 Evaluation Campaign in two tasks: Speech Translation task (SLT) and Text Translation. This paper reports KIT systems for SLT task.Different from previous years, this year's IWSLT SLT task focuses on the end-to-end performance of the speech trans... | 0 |
Translation tasks often need to deal with domain-specific terms in technical documents, which require specific lexical knowledge of the domain. Nowadays, SMT systems are suitable to translate very frequent expressions but fail in translating domain-specific terms. This mostly depends on a lack of domainspecific paralle... | 0 |
Neural Machine Transaltion (NMT) has shown impressive performance in high-resource settings, even claiming to achieve parity with human professional translators (Hassan et al., 2018; Popel et al., 2020) . Most successful NMT systems have billions of parameters (Lepikhin et al., 2021) . They generally work well only whe... | 0 |
As Chiang (2005) and Koehn et al. (2003) note, purely lexical "phrase-based" translation models suffer from sparse data effects when translating conceptual elements that span or skip across several source language words. Phrase-based models also rely on distance and lexical distortion models to represent the reordering... | 0 |
Consider a user searching for reviews of "Casablanca Moroccan Restaurant." The search engine would like to obtain as many reviews of this restaurant as possible, both to offer a highquality result set for even obscure restaurants, and to enable advanced applications such as aggregation/summarization/categorization of r... | 0 |
Being unable to access ICT is a major form of social exclusion. For people with IDD, the use of social media or applications that require the user to be able to read or write, such as email clients, is a huge stumbling block if no personal assistance is given. There is a need for digital communication interfaces that e... | 0 |
Sentiment analysis in Twitter is different from document level sentiment analysis. Normally, in document level, each document is classified as positive or negative, the document is long enough to obtain a good representation using only the existing words (bag-of-words). For example, in movie reviews we can get f-score ... | 0 |
Ilifants lUllSt Icarni I,o recognize ccrtain sound se-qllellCl'.s ;IS I)(~illg words; this is a dillicult i)rob-Icn~ I)ecausc norllial speech contains no obvious acoustic divisions between words. Two sources of hifornlation that liiighl, aid Sl)coch segnierltal,ion arc: disl.ribullion I,h¢ I)holienic s(;qilCli~;e in <'... | 0 |
The Uralic languages constitute one of the major language families in the world. There are approximately 38 languages represented by seven major branches in the family tree. Only Finnish, Estonian and Hungarian are majority languages in their states, and other Uralic languages are minority languages, often endangered, ... | 0 |
In a professional localization environment, a document is post-edited by several professional translators with assistance of tools such as translation memory, dictionary, spell checkers etc. To speed up the process, lately localization companies have started using computer assisted translation (CAT) tools with statisti... | 0 |
Opinion mining (Pang and Lee, 2007) is a huge field that covers many NLP tasks ranging from sentiment analysis (Liu, 2012) , aspect extraction (Mukherjee and Liu, 2012) , and opinion summarization (Ku et al., 2006) , among others. Despite the vast literature on opinion mining, the task on suggestion mining has given li... | 0 |
Since the turn of the 21 st century, there has been an increasing amount of research that applies computational and quantitative approaches to historicalcomparative linguistic processes. Among these are: phonetic alignment algorithms (Kondrak, 2000; Prokić et al., 2009) , statistical tests for genealogical relatedness ... | 0 |
Most of natural language processing (NLP) research focuses on written language, such as emails or Web pages, and less on an increasingly large body of spoken language converted to text via automatic speech recognition (ASR). Particularly, today, more and more meetings are conducted online, especially since the COVID-19... | 0 |
One of the most exciting recent developments in computational linguistics is that large-scale grammars which compute semantic representations are becoming available. Examples for such grammars are the HPSG English Resource Grammar (ERG) (Copestake and Flickinger, 2000) and the LFG Par-Gram grammars (Butt et al., 2002) ... | 0 |
Multiple articles on a particular topic tend to contain redundant information as well as information that is unique to each article. For instance, different news sources covering the same topic may take different angles, or new information may become available in a later report. So, while all the articles are related t... | 0 |
Software bugs in open-source projects are reported through issue tracking systems like GitHub Issues. When a bug is reported, a discussion is initiated among developers to collectively resolve it (Noyori et al., 2019) . The bug resolution process is often strenuous and time-consuming, involving extended deliberations (... | 0 |
In this paper, we present a model for automatic text type and genre identification of Web pages based on an inferential approach, where text types are inferred using a modified form of Bayes' theorem, and genres are derived using a few simple if-then rules.Automatic identification of text types and genres represents a ... | 0 |
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