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Lectures at universities around the world are often given in the language of the country or region that the respective university is located in. At the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), for instance, most lectures are held in German. This is often a significant obstacle for students from abroad wishing to study ... | 0 |
A large number of metrics have been proposed in the past years for the task of objective evaluation of Machine Translation. To this day, trained or combined metrics (e.g. BEER [1] , DPMFCOMB [2] , UOW.REVAL [3] , COBALTF [4] , among others), generally attain top results in terms of average correlation with human judgem... | 0 |
We have a collection of 24,387 real margin comments, expressed in English, which we want to exploit through machine learning in order to inform the design of an automatic margin comments generator. The corpus margin comments were added by humans to a corpus of real assessed university assignments. The assignments were ... | 0 |
A critical part of documenting endangered languages is gathering and analyzing texts. In the case of many such languages, particularly ones without a long history of literacy or written literature, many if not most of these texts will be oral. Although recent work (Hanke & Bird, 2013) has explored ways of working with ... | 0 |
Although it took decades for machine translation (MT) to find its way into the translation business, and although the goal of perfect translation performed by machines alone seems to be unfeasible, MT systems are increasingly being integrated into the translation and localization workflows. A translation memory (TM) is... | 0 |
This paper discusses the formalization of relative clauses in Japanese based on JPSG (Japanese Phrase Structure Grammar) [I, 2] , which is a constraintbased grammar formalism like tlPSG(Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar) [7, 8] . We have worked on JPSG with Prof. Gunji, and also have developed a parser based on an e... | 0 |
Information Extraction (IE) is the task of turning the unstructured information expressed in natural language (NL) text into a structured representation in the form of relational tuples consisting of a set of arguments and a phrase denoting a semantic relation between them: arg1; rel; arg2 . Unlike traditional IE metho... | 0 |
A spoken dialogue system needs to estimate the utterance intent correctly despite of various oral expressions. It has been a basic approach to classify the result of automatic speech recognition (ASR) of an utterance into one of multiple predefined intent classes, followed with slot filling specific to the estimated in... | 0 |
Researchers in both machine translation (e.g., Brown et al. 1990 ) and bilingual lexicography (e.g., Klavans and Tzoukermann 1990) have recently become interested in studying bilingual corpora, bodies of text such as the Canadian Hansards (parliamentary debates), which are available in multiple languages (such as Frenc... | 0 |
Automatic question answering systems return the direct and exact answers to natural language questions. In recent years, the development of largescale knowledge bases, such as FREEBASE (Bollacker et al., 2008) , provides a rich resource to answer open-domain questions. However, how * Contribution during internship at M... | 0 |
The relation extraction task is to extract entity mention pairs from a sentence and determine relation types between them. Relation extraction systems can be applied in question answering (Xu et al., 2016) , detecting contradiction (Pham et al., 2013) , and extracting gene-disease relationships (Chun et al., 2006) , pr... | 0 |
A neural language model is a central technology of recently developed neural architectures in the natural language processing (NLP) field. For example, neural encoder-decoder models, which were successfully applied to various natural language generation tasks including machine translation , summarization (Rush et al., ... | 0 |
An important problem that forms the core for many current spoken dialogue systems is that of "slot-filling" -the system's ability to acquire required and optional attribute-values of the user's requested action, for example, finding the date, time, and number of people for booking a restaurant reservation, or the depar... | 0 |
Semantic Web is an emerging technology working by building a metadata layer upon the current web and using the metadata description language to describe the resources on the WWW [1] . The metadata layer is a structured information layer, that is, the information model of RDF [2] . The service programs built upon the me... | 0 |
Cet article décrit un analyseur sémantique destiné à être intégré dans un système de dialogue homme-machine avec entrée vocale. La langue orale spontanée présente un certain nombre de spécificités que l'on ne trouve pas dans les textes écrits (Blanche-Benveniste et al., 1990) . Elle se distingue d'abord par sa linéarit... | 0 |
Feature structures (FSs) (Carpenter, 1992) have been widely used to represent natural language syntax, particularly by HPSGs (Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammars, Sag, 1987, 1994) ).In the original ideas of categorial grammars (Ajdukiewicz, 1935; Bar-Hillel, 1953; Lambek, 1958) , only a few number of atomic categorie... | 0 |
A large number of current language processing systems use a part-of-speech tagger for pre-processing. The tagger assigns a (unique or ambiguous) part-ofspeech tag to each token in the input and passes its output to the next processing level, usually a parser. Furthermore, there is a large interest in part-ofspeech tagg... | 0 |
Various approaches have been suggested in previous research to analyze semantic change such as semantic narrowing or broadening or the appearance of new words. Traditional quantitative approaches to semantic change identify meaning change by relative-frequency-based methods (Gulordava and Baroni, 2011) . Another tradit... | 0 |
Approximately 1 in 18 English words on Facebook are first-person singular pronouns. 1 Extensive work in psychological analyses of language has consistently found strong relation between first-person pronoun use and psychological attributes of individuals (Kendall, 1998; Pennebaker and Stone, 2003; Pennebaker, 2011; Twe... | 0 |
Multilingualism is the norm rather than an exception in face-to-face and online communication for millions of speakers around the world (Auer and Wei, 2007) . 50% of the EU population is bilingual or multilingual (European Comission, 2012). Multilingual speakers in immigrant communities switch across different language... | 0 |
Many approaches to the interpretation of natural language represent meanings as generic logical forms. However, some domain-specific applications require semantic representations that are aligned to a specific ontology and thus cannot be provided by a generic, ontology-independent semantic construction. To illustrate t... | 0 |
Linguistic data --grammars, speech recognition results, etc. --are sometimes represented as lattices, and sometimes as equivalent finite state automata. While the transformation of automata into lattices is straightforward, we know of no algorithm in the current literature for transforming a lattice into a non-determin... | 0 |
There is a lack of large corpora for Japanese applicable in sentiment and affect analysis. Although there are large corpora of newspaper articles, like Mainichi Shinbun Corpus 1 , or corpora of classic literature, like Aozora Bunko 2 , they are usually unsuitable for research on emotions since spontaneous emotive expre... | 0 |
Distributional representations of concepts are often easy to obtain from unstructured data sets, but they tend to provide only a blurry picture of the relationships that exist between concepts. In contrast, knowledge graphs directly encode this relational information, but it can be difficult to summarize the graph stru... | 0 |
The main aim of the study presented here is to show that the concepts of idiolect and sociolect, the language of one person and his or her social circle, can be used to improve word prediction, the task of predicting what a user is going to type, as he is typing. Word prediction technology reduces the number of keystro... | 0 |
Although it is well known that languages change over time, the exact mechanisms of such change are less understood. In this work, we investigate how syntactic change propagated over the past century in the Parliament of Canada. We focus on instances of language change that correspond to the colloquialization of parliam... | 0 |
One important information need shared by many people is to find out about opinions and perspectives on a particular topic (Mishne and de Rijke, 2006; Pang and Lee, 2008) . In fact, locating relevant subjective texts was a core task in the 2006 and 2007 TREC Blog tracks (Ounis et al., 2006; Ounis et al., 2008) . Most pa... | 0 |
Despite recent evidence that, for pretrained transformers like BERT (Devlin et al., 2019) , explicit syntax contributes negligibly to better natural language understanding (Kuncoro et al., 2020; , proper language-specific automated syntactic analyses are still paramount in numerous tasks in computational linguistics, y... | 0 |
Named entity (NE) recognition has drawn much attention in recent years. It was a designated task in a number of conferences, including the Message Understanding Conferences (MUC-6, 1995; MUC-7, 1997) , the Information Retrieval and Extraction Conference (IREX, 1999) , the Conferences on Natural Language Learning (Tjong... | 0 |
Commercially available translation memories do not involve linguistic knowledge. Instead, they determine similarity between translation units on the basis of pure mathematical distance calculations, with the majority of the algorithms using fuzzy indexes. Although most such systems recognize and handle non-translatable... | 0 |
We describe how a state-of-the-art hybrid MT system developed at SAIC is successfully being used to translate documents from English into Canadian French for our customer -a leading fashion designer company. This system has been designed especially for the needs of the customer which include:• accurate translation of c... | 0 |
Many NLP tasks can be modeled as a sequence classification problem, such as POS tagging, chunking, and incremental parsing. A traditional method to solve this problem is to decompose the whole task into a set of individual tasks for each token in the input sequence, and solve these small tasks in a fixed order, usually... | 0 |
In the last decade, research in the Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) field has consolidated a paradigmatic transformation from theoreticallyoriented approaches to data-driven methodologies (Kitchin, 2014; Manovich, 2011) . Digitizing SSH data otherwise distributed as non-machine readable formats to convenient elect... | 0 |
Identification of emotions (including opinions and attitudes) in text is an important task which has a variety of possible applications. For example, we can efficiently collect opinions on a new product from the internet, if opinions in bulletin boards are automatically identified. We will also be able to grasp people'... | 0 |
The task of assigning meaningful categories to free text has attracted researchers in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Information Retrieval (IR) field for more than 10 years. However, it has only recently emerged as a hot topic in the clinical domain where categories to be assigned are organized in taxonomies... | 0 |
Word embeddings such as Glove (Pennington et al., 2014) and word2vec Skip-Gram (Mikolov et al., 2013) obtained from unlabeled text corpora can represent words in distributed dense realvalued low dimensional vectors which geometrically capture the semantic 'meaning' of a word. These embeddings capture several linguistic... | 0 |
The mediqa 2021 shared tasks aim to investigate the most advanced summary models, especially their performance in the medical field. There are three tasks. The first is question summary (QS), which classifies long and complex consumer health problems into simple ones, which has been proved to be helpful to answer quest... | 0 |
Traditionally, n-gram language models implicitly assume words as the basic lexical unit. However, certain word sequences (phrases) are recurrent in constrained domain languages and can be thought as a single lexical entry (e.g. by and large, I would like to, United States of America, etc..). A traditional word n-gram b... | 0 |
Currently, the World Wide Web contains vast amounts of information. To make efficient use of this information, search engines are indispensable. However, search engines generally return *Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) only a long list containing the title and a snippet of each ... | 0 |
It is not uncommon for text generation systems to produce natural language output from intermediate semantic representations (Yao et al., 2012; Takase et al., 2016) . The literature presents several examples of generating text from logical forms underlying various grammar formalisms (Wang, 1980; Shieber et al., 1990; C... | 0 |
Dialogue coherence, which requires a response to be fluent, consistent and context-related, is an essential property for developing promising dialogue : Likert-type multi-level human rating vs. twolevel automatic evaluation. Human rating always considers multiple coherence degrees, while most of the existing automatic ... | 0 |
The morphological study of a language inherently draws upon the existence of families of related words. All words within a family can be derived from a common root via a series of transformations, whether inflectional or derivational. Figure 1 depicts one such family, originating from the word faith. This representatio... | 0 |
The aim of the Implicit Emotion Shared Task (IEST; Klinger et al., 2018) is to infer emotion from the context of emotion words. The working definition of emotion for the shared task implies that emotion is triggered by the interpretation of a stimulus event (Scherer, 2005, 697) , i. e. the cause of the emotion. Consequ... | 0 |
Human-aided machine translation is gradually becoming a common practice for language service providers (LSPs) as opposed to machine-aided human translation. Depending on the nature of the text, more and more LSPs pre-translate the source text using existing translation memories (TMs) and then automatically translate th... | 0 |
The number of Japanese language learners in the world has increased from about 580,000 in 1984 to approximately 3.67 million in 2015. While this number decreased a little from 2012 to 2015, the number of institutions for Japanese language education and the number of teachers increased slightly in a total of 137 areas i... | 0 |
Following the 5P Paradigm (Bès, 1999; Hagège, 2000; Bès and Hagège, 2001) we build a syntactic-semantic interface which obtains a graph from the analysis of input text. The graph express a dependency structure, which is the domain of a function that will obtain as output a logic semantic interpretation.The whole syntac... | 0 |
The advent of Neural Machine Translation (NMT) (Sutskever et al., 2014; Bahdanau et al., 2014) has led to remarkable improvements in machine translation quality (Bentivogli et al., 2016) but has also produced models that are much less interpretable. In particular, the role played by linguistic features in the process o... | 0 |
In this paper, we present Universität des Saarlandes (UdS) submission (named UdS-Sant) to WMT 2015 using a Hybrid MT framework. We participated in the generic translation shared task for the English-German (EN-DE) language pair.Corpus-based MT (CBMT) has delivered progressively improved quality translations since its i... | 0 |
Building on the interlocutor's contribution via, for example, acknowledgment, repetition or elaboration ( Figure 1 ), is known as uptake and is key to a successful conversation. Uptake makes an interlocutor feel heard and fosters a collaborative interaction (Collins, 1982; Clark and Schaefer, 1989 ), 1 Code and annotat... | 0 |
Dialogue assistants are used by millions of people today to fulfill a variety of tasks. Such assistants also serve as a digital marketplace 1 (Kumar et al., 2017) where any developer can build a domainspecific, task-oriented, dialogue agent offering a service such as booking cabs, ordering food, listening to music, sho... | 0 |
Traditional information extraction methodologies tend to extract a predefined relation between named entities annotated in a different process. While this method might be useful and accurate for smaller data with limited entity types and relations, it cannot scale to extract entities and their relationships in web due ... | 0 |
The field of automatic speech recognition (ASR) is dominated by research specific to the English language. There exist plenty available text-to-speech models pre-trained on (and optimized for) English data. When it comes to a low-resource language like Swiss German, or even standard German, only a very limited number o... | 0 |
Fine-tuning large-scale pre-trained language models (PLMs) has become a dominant paradigm in the natural language processing community, achieving state-of-the-art performances in a wide range of natural language processing tasks (Devlin et al., 2019; Yang et al., 2019a; Clark et al., 2019; Lewis et al., 2020; Bao et al... | 0 |
It is useful to evaluate human-computer communication in light of Grice's cooperative principle and maxims [Gri75] . Recently there has been much interest in a "cooperative response" paradigm for interfaces to database query and expert systems [Ste87] . The most promising strategies in this area of investigation involv... | 0 |
Pronoun translation poses a problem for statistical machine translation (SMT). Despite recent efforts, little progress has been made (Le Nagard and Koehn, 2010; Hardmeier and Federico, 2010; Novák, 2011; Guillou, 2012; Hardmeier, 2014) . Most recently, the results of the DiscoMT 2015 shared task on pronoun translation ... | 0 |
Lexicalist approaches to syntax can benefit from multidimensionality of representation as exhibited by Mohanan(1997) . By multidimensionality of representation(MR) is meant a representational scheme in which more than one representation can be associated with a liguistic unit in the lexicon at a particular point of its... | 0 |
"You know, ever since we were little, I would get this feeling like... Like I'm floating outside of my body, looking down at myself... And I hate what I see... How I'm acting, the way I sound. And I don't know how to change it. And I'm so scared... That the feeling is never gonna go away."The Edge of Seventeen 1Much ha... | 0 |
For end user natural language processing applications, it is essential to have access to a basic linguistic analyzer tool on the target language, in order to prevent reinventing the wheel every time. In this paper, we present magyarlanc, a basic linguistic analyzer toolkit developed for Hungarian.Hungarian is a morphol... | 0 |
In experimental linguistic studies, researchers are frequently frustrated by the problem of linguistic data bottleneck which constantly limits the feasibility, efficiency, and reliability of various research projects. It's caused by the practical difficulties of conducting traditional laboratory-based linguistic experi... | 0 |
Sentiment analysis of citations in scientific papers and articles is a new and interesting problem. It can open up many exciting new applications in bibliographic search and in bibliometrics, i.e., the automatic evaluation of the influence and impact of individuals and journals via citations. Automatic detection of cit... | 0 |
Response generation models should ideally generate an appropriate response to a given context consisting of utterances previously exchanged between dialogue partners and facts describing the speakers' persona. These models have applications in developing dialogue systems as user interfaces for digital assistants (Bobro... | 0 |
The goal of the Chinese Discourse Treebank (CDTB) Project is to add a layer of discourse annotation to the Penn Chinese Treebank (Xue et al., To appear) , the bulk of which has also been annotated with predicate-argument structures. This project is focused on discourse connectives, which include explicit connectives su... | 0 |
According to a recent report from Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino (KWF, 2015) , the Philippines is home to 135 living languages, among which Chabacano is the only creole language. In the 2010 Census of Population and Housing (CPH), 405,798 people claimed Zamboanga Chabacano (ZC, locally known simply as "Chavacano" or "Zamb... | 0 |
Recently, models trained on large amounts of data with a language modeling (LM) objective, have shown great promise in natural language processing, exhibiting surprising amounts of knowledge and information (Peters et al., 2018; Devlin et al., 2019; Liu et al., 2019; Lan et al., 2019; Petroni et al., 2019; Hewitt and M... | 0 |
Phrase-based statistical machine translation (PBSMT) (Koehn et al., 2003) has been widely used in the last decade. One major problem with PBSMT is word reordering. Since PBSMT models the translation process using a phrase table, it is not easy to incorporate global information during translation. There are many methods... | 0 |
The Data-Oriented Parsing (DOP) framework, is a famous and wide-coverage parsing method which was first proposed by Scha in 1990 (Scha 1990 ) and formalized by Rens Bod (Bod 1992) . Its underlying assumption is that human perception of language based on previous language experiences rather than abstract grammar rules. ... | 0 |
The purpose of an SLU system is to interpret the meaning of a speech signal (De Mori et al., 2008) . SLU systems use Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) to convert speech signal to the text of what was spoken (hypothesis), followed by semantic meaning extraction from the ASR hypothesis using Natural Language Processing ... | 0 |
Mwan is a small language of the Southern Mande group spoken in the Kongasso subprefecture in central Côte d'Ivoire.According to Ethnologue-14, there were about 20000 ethnic Mwan (Ethnologue code: moa ISO 639-3). Typologically, Mwan can be characterized by its complex tonology. There are three level tones and two contou... | 0 |
Domain knowledge is the indispensable resource for an intelligent information processing system. With the surge of technology, more and more new technology, new product and new techniques come into being. The manual construction and updating domain knowledge base can hardly meet the real needs of application systems, i... | 0 |
The standard account of word-formation processes in Semitic languages describes words as combinations of two morphemes: a root and a pattern. 1 The root consists of consonants only, by default three (although longer roots are known), called radicals. The pattern is a combination of vowels and, possibly, consonants too,... | 0 |
Language modelling (LM) is a crucial component in statistical machine translation (SMT). Standard ngram language models assign probabilities to translation hypotheses in the target language, typically as smoothed trigram models, e.g. (Chiang, 2005) . Although it is well-known that higher-order LMs and models trained on... | 0 |
DORIS (Dialogue Oriented Roaming Interactive System) is a spoken dialogue system designed for a household robot. In (Zukerman et al., 2008) , we described Scusi? -a spoken language interpretation module which considers multiple subinterpretations at different levels of the interpretation process, and estimates the prob... | 0 |
The convergence of TV and internet has enabled the creation of new services that allow users to overcome various temporal and spatial constraints (Hamada, 2013; Fu et al., 2006) . It may even prove possible to effectively re-purpose content across different media. In this paper, we describe one such example: the applic... | 0 |
to-text generation is to generate a description from the structured table. It helps readers to summarize the key points in the table, and tell in the natural language. Figure 1 shows an example of table-to-text generation. The table provides some structured information about a person named "Denise Margaret Scott", and ... | 0 |
Definition extraction as a complex, real-world task is currently an emerging field of study. Traditional definition extraction approaches mostly rely on simple, syntactically straight-forward examples with relatively little variance in vocabulary. Corpora, including the WCL and ukWaC (Ferraresi et al., 2008) , typicall... | 0 |
Automatic post editors (APEs) use an algorithm to correct or improve the output of machine translation (MT). While human post editors have the intrinsic advantage of human linguistic knowledge, automatic post editors must have some other advantage over the MT system to be able to make improvements. The APE may have acc... | 0 |
Text data has been growing dramatically. We have demands to process and mine from Social networks and online platforms. Opinions in usergenerated content, are valuable for market and trend analysis. Processing of sentiment analysis helps us to automatically distinguish from these written opinions.This paper describes a... | 0 |
Language models (Bengio et al., 2003) allow to generate text through learned distributions of a language and have been applied to a variety of areas like machine translation (Bahdanau et al., 2015) , summarization (Paulus et al., 2018) , or dialogue systems (Wen et al., 2017) . A rather new field for these models is th... | 0 |
This paper presents a survey of approaches to partof-speech tagging for K'iche', a Mayan language spoken principally in Guatemala. The Mayan languages are a group of related languages spoken throughout Mesoamerica. K'iche' belongs to the Eastern branch, which contains 14 other languages, including Kaqchikel in the Quic... | 0 |
The use of pre-trained language models based on large-scale Transformers (Vaswani et al., 2017) has gained popularity after the release of BERT (Devlin et al., 2019) . The usual pipeline consists of finetuning BERT by adapting and retraining its classification head to meet the requirements of a specific NLP task. Unfor... | 0 |
In recent years, we have seen an explosive growth in the volume of information available through online networks and from large capacity storage devices. High-speed and large-scale retrieval techniques have made it possible to receive information through information services such as news clipping and keyword-based retr... | 0 |
Clustering is a popular technique for unsupervised text analysis, often used in industrial settings to explore the content of large amounts of sentences. Yet, as may be seen from the results of our research, widespread clustering techniques, which cluster sentences directly, result in rather moderate performance when a... | 0 |
The Chinese language inherits a lot of phrases from ancient time (Bao-chuan, 2008; Liu, 2019) and is spoken by roughly 1.3 billion native speakers. However, the language's ancient variant (or ancient Chinese) is mastered by a few and proved to be a bottleneck in understanding the essence of the Chinese culture. Buildin... | 0 |
In NLP and many other experiment-oriented research disciplines, researchers rely heavily on evaluation measures. Whenever we observe an improvement in the score of our favourite measure, we either assume or hope that this implies that we have managed to moved our system a little towards what we ultimately want to achie... | 0 |
Question Generation is an essential component of learning environments, help systems, information seeking systems, multi-modal conversations between virtual agents, and a myriad of other applications (Lauer, Peacock, and Graesser, 1992; Piwek et al., 2007) .Question Generation has been recently defined as the task (Rus... | 0 |
Social media (SM) platforms provide a valuable source of real-time information about emergency events. During mass emergencies, microblogging sites such as Twitter are used as communication channels by people and organisations to post situational updates, provide aid, request help and search for actionable information.... | 0 |
Recognizing that various textual descriptions across multiple texts refer to the same event or action can benefit NLP applications such as recognizing textual entailment (Dagan et al., 2013) and question answering. For example, to answer "when did the US Supreme Court approve samesex marriage?" given the text "In June ... | 0 |
In this paper we propose a novel, and completely unsupervised approach for information extraction. We present a general technique; however we focus on relation extraction as an important task of Information Extraction. The approach depends on constructing generalized extraction patterns, which could match many instance... | 0 |
Voice assistants such as Amazon Alexa, Apple Siri, Google Assistant and Microsoft Cortana provide a wide range of functionalities, including listening to music, inquiring about the weather, controlling home appliances and question answering. To understand user requests, the Spoken Language Understanding (SLU) component... | 0 |
As fully or semi-automated models are increasingly used for platform governance (Gorwa, 2019; Gillespie, 2018; Nakov et al., 2021) there are several questions about their performance and the implications of model errors (Gorwa et al., 2020; Gillespie, 2020; Roberts, 2019) . Language technologies underpinning these cont... | 0 |
Automatic evaluation metrics play an important role in machine translation research. At present, most of the automatic evaluation metrics evaluate the translation quality by comparing the similarity between the hypothesis and the reference.The lexicon-based metrics can only use lexical information, such as BLEU (Papine... | 0 |
We present XplaiNLI, an interactive visualization, web-based interface that computes Natural Language Inference (NLI) with three different approaches and provides sketches of explanations for the decision made by each approach. 1 An overview of XplaiNLI is found in Figure 1 . The user on the frontend (right) inputs a p... | 0 |
The recent success of machine learning (ML) models is remarkable, especially the success of subsymbolic ML models in problem domains that are computationally expensive, such as natural language processing and image processing (Zhang et al., 2020; LeCun et al., 2015) . Sub-symbolic ML models mostly learn functions that ... | 0 |
An exploding volume of patent applications makes essential the use of adequate patent processing tools that could provide for better results in any field of patent related activity. NLP techniques associated with specificity of patent domain have promise for improving the quality of patent document processing.Though it... | 0 |
This paper describes a new extension to our system combination module developed in Dublin City University (Du and Way, 2010a,b; . We have added a neural probabilistic language model (NPLM) (Bengio et al., 2000 (Bengio et al., , 2005 to our system combination module and tested it in the system combination task at the ML... | 0 |
For over 30 years, the English past tense has served as both inspiration and testbed for models of language acquisition and processing (Rumelhart and McClelland, 1986; Pinker and Prince, 1988; Marcus, 1995; Plunkett and Juola, 1999; Pinker and Ullman, 2002; Albright and Hayes, 2003; Seidenberg and Plaut, 2014; Kirov an... | 0 |
Twitter sentiment classification has attracted increasing research interest in recent years (Jiang et al., 2011; Hu et al., 2013) . The objective is to classify the sentiment polarity of a tweet as positive, negative or neutral. The majority of existing approaches follow Pang et al. (2002) and employ machine learning a... | 0 |
In this paper, we present a sentiment prediction engine for classifying investor sentiment, i.e. signals to buy, sell or hold stock positions, based on messages posted on internet stock forums. Our sentiment annotated corpus comes from HotCopper 1 , the most popular investment forum for the Australian market, where pos... | 0 |
The Preposition Project (TPP, Litkowski & Hargraves, 2005) 1 provides a large amount of data for a small number of prepositions. To date, 13 out of 373 prepositions (among the most frequent in English) have been analyzed. We examined the data for these prepositions to determine (1) their coverage of the semantic space ... | 0 |
A careful review of the work on unsupervised POS tagging in the past two decades reveals that the hidden Markov model (HMM) has been the standard approach since the seminal work of (Kupiec, 1992) and (Merialdo, 1994) and that researchers sought to improve HMM-based unsupervised POS tagging from a variety of perspective... | 0 |
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