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Altered â-catenin expression in oral mucosal dysplasia: a comparative study.
|
OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to investigate the â-catenin expression in oral leukoplakia (OL) with different degrees of epithelial dysplasia and normal oral mucosa.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 39 OL (mild dysplasia n=19, moderate dysplasia n=13, and severe dysplasia n=7), and 10 normal oral mucosa (control group) were submitted to immunohistochemical reactions to anti-â-catenin primary antibody. A qualitative â-catenin analysis was performed based on the percentage of positive cells. The cellular location and the epithelial layer were also considered. The Chi-square test and the Fisher's exact test were used to verify possible differences in the â-catenin expression among the OL groups. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS: Membranous expression of â-catenin in parabasal and basal layers was gradually lost in the higher degrees of epithelial dysplasia. In normal oral mucosa, â-catenin was detected only in the cytoplasmic membrane. However, a significant increase in cytoplasmic â-catenin could be observed between mild and moderate dysplasia (Fisher Exact test - p<0.001) and between mild and severe dysplasia (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: The â-catenin cytoplasmic expression observed in this study may represent the initial stage of modifications in the E-cadherin-catenin complex, along with morphological cellular changes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell Membrane', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Leukoplakia, Oral', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Paraffin Embedding', 'Reference Values', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'beta Catenin']
| 26,537,717
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.588.443.591.545', 'C04.834.512.513', 'C07.465.530.545', 'C23.300.816.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.610', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.610', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.610', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.610'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Significant similarity and dissimilarity in homologous proteins.
|
Common practice emphasizes significant sequence similarities between different members of protein families. These similarities presumably reflect on evolutionary conservation of structurally and functionally essential residues. The nonconserved regions, on the other hand, may be either selectively neutral or differentiated. We propose several distributional sequence statistics (e.g., clustering of charged residues, compositional biases, and repetitive patterns) as indicators of differentiation events. These ideas are illustrated with various examples, including comparisons among G protein-coupled receptors, herpesvirus proteins, and GTPase-activating proteins.
|
['GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Herpesviridae', 'Neurofibromin 1', 'Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Viral Proteins']
| 1,552,837
|
[['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['B04.280.382'], ['D12.644.360.325.150.500.460', 'D12.776.476.325.150.500.460', 'D12.776.624.776.610'], ['D12.776'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Event-related cortical dynamics of soldiers during shooting as a function of varied task demand.
|
INTRODUCTION: Cortical dynamics of soldiers were examined during a reactive shooting task under varied task demands to investigate the effects of cognitive load on functional states of soldiers in real-time.METHODS: Task demand factors consisted of task load (single, dual), decision load (no-decision, choice-decision), and target-exposure time (short, long). The Dismounted Infantryman Survivability and Lethality Testbed (DISALT) shooting simulator was programmed to generate the eight shooting scenarios and record weapon aim-point data while EEG was acquired continuously during each scenario. Event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) was derived from single-trial data time-locked to the onsets of targets and peak amplitude and latency measures were analyzed in theta (4-7 Hz) and upper alpha (11-13 Hz) frequency bands.RESULTS: The results are as follows: 1) a stimulus-evoked ERSP theta peak exhibited higher amplitude in the parietal region for choice- vs. no-decision scenarios and longer latency in the right central and temporal regions for dual- vs. single-task scenarios; and 2) ERSP alpha exhibited a progressive increase following the onset of targets with less of an increase in the left central region for dual- vs. single-task scenarios.DISCUSSION: ERSP theta synchronization reflects stimulus encoding and exhibits increased peak power with more complex decision demands and longer latency with secondary task demands, whereas ERSP alpha synchronization reflects motor preparation and exhibits less of an increase with secondary task demands during reactive target shooting tasks. This research contributes the first study of cortical dynamics of soldiers performing a reactive shooting task and has implications for theories of attention and cognitive workload, human factors engineering, and soldier performance.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cognition', 'Computer Simulation', 'Decision Making', 'Electroencephalography', 'Firearms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Military Personnel', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 17,547,316
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.188'], ['L01.224.160'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['J01.637.870.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.625'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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| 0
|
Posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder: manifestations in pediatric thoracic organ recipients.
|
PURPOSE: To describe and correlate the clinical and imaging features of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in young thoracic organ transplant recipients.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical and imaging records of 31 PTLD episodes in 27 patients with PTLD out of 183 young patients who survived for at least 1 month after thoracic organ transplantation: 18 (14%) heart transplant recipients and nine (16%) lung or heart-lung transplant recipients. Four patients had two separate PTLD episodes. The distribution, timing, and imaging features of the disease were analyzed.RESULTS: Seventeen (55%) of 31 episodes involved intrathoracic PTLD manifesting as multiple pulmonary nodules (n = 10), a solitary nodule (n = 3), alveolar consolidation (n = 3), and/or mediastinal adenopathy (n = 8). Extrathoracic PTLD occurred in 21 (68%) of 31 episodes and involved the abdomen (n = 15), head and neck (n = 11), and/or central nervous system (n = 3). The imaging findings of these episodes included bowel wall thickening, lymphadenopathy, and focal masses. Intrathoracic PTLD occurred more commonly in lung transplant recipients (89%) than in heart transplant recipients (44%); no cases of lymphoma involved the thorax. The frequency of extrathoracic manifestations was higher in heart transplant recipients (83%) than in lung transplant recipients (33%). In lung transplant recipients, the prevalence of early-onset PTLD was significantly greater than that in heart transplant recipients (P <.05). Intrathoracic PTLD tended to manifest early.CONCLUSION: PTLD in young thoracic transplant recipients involves the lungs and extrathoracic organs, tends to have an early onset, and manifests predominantly in the thorax in lung transplant and heart-lung transplant recipients, as opposed to heart transplant recipients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Heart-Lung Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Lymphoproliferative Disorders', 'Male', 'Radiography, Abdominal', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 11,867,788
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['E04.100.376.475.450', 'E04.928.220.390.450', 'E04.928.600.495.450', 'E04.936.450.475.450', 'E04.936.450.495.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['C15.604.515', 'C20.683.515'], ['E01.370.350.700.715'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gesture helps learners learn, but not merely by guiding their visual attention.
|
Teaching a new concept through gestures-hand movements that accompany speech-facilitates learning above-and-beyond instruction through speech alone (e.g., Singer & Goldin-Meadow, ). However, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still under investigation. Here, we use eye tracking to explore one often proposed mechanism-gesture's ability to direct visual attention. Behaviorally, we replicate previous findings: Children perform significantly better on a posttest after learning through Speech+Gesture instruction than through Speech Alone instruction. Using eye tracking measures, we show that children who watch a math lesson with gesture do allocate their visual attention differently from children who watch a math lesson without gesture-they look more to the problem being explained, less to the instructor, and are more likely to synchronize their visual attention with information presented in the instructor's speech (i.e., follow along with speech) than children who watch the no-gesture lesson. The striking finding is that, even though these looking patterns positively predict learning outcomes, the patterns do not mediate the effects of training condition (Speech Alone vs. Speech+Gesture) on posttest success. We find instead a complex relation between gesture and visual attention in which gesture moderates the impact of visual looking patterns on learning-following along with speech predicts learning for children in the Speech+Gesture condition, but not for children in the Speech Alone condition. Gesture's beneficial effects on learning thus come not merely from its ability to guide visual attention, but also from its ability to synchronize with speech and affect what learners glean from that speech.
|
['Attention', 'Child', 'Gestures', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Mathematics', 'Speech', 'Vision, Ocular']
| 29,663,574
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.209.530.538.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['H01.548'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[A slowly progressed case of brain metastasis and meningeal carcinomatosis from lung cancer].
|
We reported a case of long survival brain metastasis and meningeal carcinomatosis from lung cancer without radiochemotherapy. A 59-year-old female admitted to our hospital suffered from headache, anorexia and nausea. Papilledema was noticed, and examinations showed a brain tumor in the left parietal lobe and cancer cells in cerebrospinal fluid. Removal of the tumor and ventriculoperitoneal shunt were performed. Pathology showed adenocarcinoma. No neurological deficit was found during the postoperative course and the patient asked for home treatment. She survived for 25 months and spent a useful life in the 15 months after the onset in spite of no radiochemotherapy for meningeal carcinomatosis. In this case, because of the slow progression of the clinical symptoms, it is considered that cancer cells in the cerebrospinal fluid space grow slowly. The first CT and MRI findings of metastatic tumor of this case showed atypical for brain metastasis. Calcifications were found in plain CT and a high intensive tumor in both T1 and T2 weighted images of MRI. Enhancement due to contrast media was very slight in both CT and MRI. We considered that these findings were related to the slow growing of cancer cells.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Meningitis', 'Middle Aged']
| 9,430,151
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C10.228.614'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Wetland management to reduce Baltic Sea eutrophication.
|
Seven regions with coastal eutrophication problems in the Baltic Sea, including the Kattegat, constitute the BERNET project (Baltic Eutrophication Regional Network). To counteract eutrophication and associated severe biological conditions the countries around this large brackish water body must all cooperate. The regions are characterized by large differences in land use, e.g. agricultural intensity, and losses of retention capacity in the catchments due to wetland reclamation. Initially it has been necessary to identify nutrient sources--especially nitrogen--and technical, economical and even administrative obstacles to initiate eutrophication management measures. Nitrogen retention in different types of wetlands in the Baltic Sea Region has been analysed. The wetlands generally have a positive effect on reduced nitrogen transport to aquatic environments and it is generally accepted that measures leading to decreased losses of nutrients to the aquatic environment must be combined with measures leading to increased retention of nutrients in catchments. Data analysed in the BERNET project show that the potential for such a measure is large. Therefore, conservation and restoration initiatives for wetlands is an essential part of the work in the BERNET project. Wetlands have been drained or totally eliminated due to intensive agriculture in some regions while large scale rehabilitation of wetlands occurs in regions with less intensive agriculture. Based on land use data from the seven regions, the working group for wetland management within the BERNET project has identified the possible use of wetlands as building blocks as a contribution to the management of the Baltic Sea eutrophication. Several recommendations are presented on the wise use of existing and constructed wetlands for water quality management in relation to non-point nutrient pollution.
|
['Agriculture', 'Baltic States', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Ecosystem', 'Eutrophication', 'Filtration', 'International Cooperation', 'Nitrogen', 'Water Movements', 'Water Pollution']
| 12,079,128
|
[['J01.040'], ['Z01.542.248.136'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G16.500.285'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['I01.615.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G16.500.971', 'N06.230.132.644.750', 'N06.230.850'], ['N06.850.460.790']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Identification of a haem domain in human soluble adenylate cyclase.
|
The second messengers cAMP and cGMP mediate a multitude of physiological processes. In mammals, these cyclic nucleotides are formed by related Class III nucleotidyl cyclases, and both ACs (adenylate cyclases) and GCs (guanylate cyclases) comprise transmembrane receptors as well as soluble isoforms. Whereas sGC (soluble GC) has a well-characterized regulatory HD (haem domain) that acts as a receptor for the activator NO (nitric oxide), very little is known about the regulatory domains of the ubiquitous signalling enzyme sAC (soluble AC). In the present study, we identify a unique type of HD as a regulatory domain in sAC. The sAC-HD (sAC haem domain) forms a larger oligomer and binds, non-covalently, one haem cofactor per monomer. Spectral analyses and mutagenesis reveal a 6-fold co-ordinated haem iron atom, probably with non-typical axial ligands, which can bind both NO and CO (carbon monoxide). Splice variants of sAC comprising this domain are expressed in testis and skeletal muscle, and the HD displays an activating effect on the sAC catalytic core. Our results reveal a novel mechanism for regulation of cAMP signalling and suggest a need for reanalysis of previous studies on mechanisms of haem ligand effects on cyclic nucleotide signalling, particularly in testis and skeletal muscle.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Heme', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Testis']
| 22,775,536
|
[['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
CyberKnife radiosurgery for trigeminal neuralgia: unanticipated iatrogenic effect following successful treatment.
|
This case report of 74-year-old man with trigeminal neuralgia is presented to underscore the importance of evaluating the entire treatment plan, especially when delivering large doses where even a low percentage of the prescription dose can contribute a substantial dose to an unintended target. The patient was treated using the CyberKnife stereotactic radiosurgery system utilizing a nonisocentric beam treatment plan with a 5-mm fixed collimator generating 111 beams to deliver 6000 cGy to the 79% isodose line with a maximum dose of 7594 cGy to the target. Two weeks after treatment the patient's trigeminal neuralgia symptoms resolved; however, the patient developed oral mucositis due to the treatment. This case report reviews the cause of mucositis and makes recommendations on how to prevent unintended targets from receiving treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Radiosurgery', 'Stomatitis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Trigeminal Neuralgia']
| 21,761,970
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500'], ['C07.465.864'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C07.465.299.625.500.700', 'C10.292.319.625.700.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of aromatherapy massage on face-down posture-related pain after vitrectomy: a randomized controlled trial.
|
Postoperative face-down posturing (FDP) is recommended to optimize the effects of intraocular gas tamponade after vitrectomy. However, patients undergoing FDP usually experience physical and psychological burdens. This 3-armed, randomized, single-center trial investigated the effects of aromatherapy on FDP-related physical pain. Sixty-three patients under FDP were randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups: aromatherapy massage with essential oil (AT), oil massage without essential oil (OT), and a control group. The AT and OT groups received 10 minutes of massage by ward nurses trained by an aromatherapist, while the control group received usual care. Outcomes were assessed as short-term (pre- to post-intervention) and long-term (first to third postoperative day) changes in physical pain in five body regions using face-scale. The AT and OT groups both revealed similar short-term pain reductions after intervention, compared with the control group. Regarding long-term effects, neither group experienced significant effects until the second day. Significantly more pain reduction compared with usual care occurred on the third day, mainly in the AT group, though there were few significant differences between the AT and OT groups. In conclusion, this study suggests that simple oil massage is an effective strategy for immediate pain reduction in patients undergoing FDP, while aromatherapy may have a long-term effect on pain reduction.
|
['Aged', 'Aromatherapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Massage', 'Middle Aged', 'Oils', 'Pain Management', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Prone Position', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vitrectomy']
| 23,466,193
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.190.525.061', 'E02.190.755.100', 'E02.190.888.061', 'F04.754.035'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.599.750.750', 'E02.779.867.880.750', 'E02.831.535.867.880.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D10.627'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['G11.427.695.525'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.540.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Fatal hydrogen sulphide (H2S) poisoning in "confined spaces"].
|
This paper deals with the problem of fatal accidents that occur repeatedly in "confined spaces", with particular attention to exposure to hydrogen sulfide (H2S). This, at high concentrations, appears to be the most compatible with the dynamics of many recent incidents with sudden death. H2S offers little chance to escape at high concentrations because of the smell that causes paralysis of olfactory nerves and sudden loss of consciousness. Besides the problem of acute exposure to high concentrations, health effects may also be caused by prolonged and repeated exposures to lower doses: at low concentrations can occur eyes irritation with keratoconjunctivitis and, at higher concentrations, the risk of pulmonary oedema or chronic central nervous system sequelae. In this paper several aspects are detailed, including an interpretative analysis of the content of Articles 66 and 121 of Legislative Decree 81/2008 and subsequent amendments, the work contexts where H2S is present as a raw material or product of the process and the effects on human health. Moreover, due to few epidemiological initiatives at national level, some aspects related to the accident dynamics are taken into account through the reconstruction of cases of fatal accidents occurred in Italy in recent years and comparing it with that reported in the literature of other Countries.
|
['Accidents, Occupational', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Sulfide']
| 23,393,847
|
[['N06.850.135.240'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.029.260.340', 'D01.362.350', 'D01.875.350']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Absorption, Metabolism, and Pharmacokinetics Profiles of Norathyriol, an Aglycone of Mangiferin, in Rats by HPLC-MS/MS.
|
Norathyriol, an aglycone of mangiferin, is a bioactive tetrahydroxyxanthone present in mangosteen and many medicinal plants. However, the biological fate of norathyriol in vivo remains unclear. In this study, the absorption and metabolism of norathyriol in rats were evaluated through HPLC-MS/MS. Results showed that norathyriol was well absorbed, as indicated by its absolute bioavailability of 30.4%. Besides, a total of 21 metabolites of norathyriol were identified in rats, including methylated, glucuronidated, sulfated and glycosylated conjugates, which suggested norathyriol underwent extensive phase II metabolism. Among those metabolites, 15 metabolites were also identified in hepatocytes incubated with norathyriol, indicating the presence of hepatic metabolism. Furthermore, glucuronide and sulfate conjugates, rather than their parent compound, were found to be the main forms existing in vivo after administration of norathyriol, as implicated by the great increase of exposure of norathyriol determined after hydrolysis with â-glucuronidase and sulfatase. The information obtained from this study contributes to better understanding of the pharmacological mechanism of norathyriol.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Hepatocytes', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Xanthenes', 'Xanthones']
| 30,298,742
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D03.633.300.953'], ['D03.633.300.953.852']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Repair of the diaphragm with an external oblique muscle flap.
|
The technique for repair of large defects in the diaphragm by the use of an ipsilateral or contralateral flap from the external oblique abdominal muscle was successfully used during five hepatic resections and has been described herein.
|
['Aged', 'Diaphragm', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Humans', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 2,756,464
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A02.633.567.900.300'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Computationally efficient measure of topological redundancy of biological and social networks.
|
It is well known that biological and social interaction networks have a varying degree of redundancy, though a consensus of the precise cause of this is so far lacking. In this paper, we introduce a topological redundancy measure for labeled directed networks that is formal, computationally efficient, and applicable to a variety of directed networks such as cellular signaling, and metabolic and social interaction networks. We demonstrate the computational efficiency of our measure by computing its value and statistical significance on a number of biological and social networks with up to several thousands of nodes and edges. Our results suggest a number of interesting observations: (1) Social networks are more redundant that their biological counterparts, (2) transcriptional networks are less redundant than signaling networks, (3) the topological redundancy of the C. elegans metabolic network is largely due to its inclusion of currency metabolites, and (4) the redundancy of signaling networks is highly (negatively) correlated with the monotonicity of their dynamics.
|
['Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Protein Interaction Maps', 'Signal Transduction', 'Social Networking', 'Software']
| 22,060,466
|
[['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['G03.493.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['L01.143.910'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An all sulfur analogue of the smallest subunit of F420-non-reducing hydrogenase from Methanococcus voltae--metal binding and structure.
|
The 25 amino acid long subunit VhuU of the F420-non-reducing hydrogenase from Methanococcus voltae contains selenocysteine within the consensus sequence of known [NiFe] hydrogenases DP(C or U)CxxCxxH (U = selenocysteine). The sulfur-analogue VhuUc was chemically synthesized, purified and its metal binding capability, the catalytic properties, and structural features were investigated. The polypeptide was able to bind nickel, but did not catalyse the heterolytic activation of H2. 2D-NMR spectroscopy revealed an alpha-helical secondary structure for the 15 N-terminal amino acids in 50% TFE. Nickel only binds to the C-terminus, which contains the conserved amino acid motif. Structures derived from the NMR data are compatible with the participation of both sulfur atoms from the conserved cysteine residues in a metal ion binding. Structures obtained from the data sets for Ni.VhuUc as well as Zn.VhuUc showed no further ligands. The informational value for Ni.VhuUc was low due to paramagnetism.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Catalysis', 'Hydrogen', 'Hydrogenase', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Metals', 'Methanococcus', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nickel', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Selenocysteine', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sulfur']
| 9,084,873
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['D08.811.682.400'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D01.552'], ['B02.200.538.525.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.268.556.607', 'D01.268.956.625', 'D01.552.544.607'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D02.731.600', 'D02.886.030.230.700', 'D12.125.166.230.700'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D01.268.185.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevention of cholesterol-induced gallstones by hyodeoxycholic acid in the prairie dog.
|
Prairie dogs of both sexes were fed a semisynthetic diet containing 0.35% cholesterol for a period of 8 weeks. This lithogenic diet induced cholesterol gallstones in ten "lithogenic control animals", five males and five females. Three animals maintained with a high glucose, fat-free diet did not develop gallstones although the cholesterol saturation of their bile approached unity. The formation of gallstones was prevented in four out of five males and all five females fed the lithogenic diet plus 0.1% hyodeoxycholic acid (30 mg per kg body weight per day). The biles of the prairie dogs receiving hyodeoxycholic acid were abnormally colored, cloudy, and highly saturated with cholesterol but contained neither cholesterol crystals nor gallstones (with the exception of one male). Feeding the relatively hydrophilic bile acid, hyodeoxycholic acid, was associated with an increase in hepatic microsomal HMG-CoA reductase activity. Cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase, on the other hand, was inhibited by the administered bile acid. The dietary hyodeoxycholic acid was transformed, in part, to 3 alpha, 6 beta-dihydroxy-5-beta-cholanoic acid and hyocholic acid. It is concluded that hyodeoxycholic acid and its metabolites did not prevent the induced cholelithiasis by causing a decrease in the concentration of biliary cholesterol. Instead, this hydrophilic bile acid apparently increases the amount of cholesterol in the bile, probably in the form of a liquid crystalline mesophase. Hyodeoxycholic acid apparently prevents gallstones by preventing the nucleation and aggregation of cholesterol crystals. The lithogenic diet induced moderate to marked bile duct proliferation together with portal fibrosis and inflammatory infiltration. The addition of hyodeoxycholic acid to the lithogenic diet reduced all of the portal tract changes.
|
['Animals', 'Bile', 'Bile Acids and Salts', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Deoxycholic Acid', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases', 'Lipids', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Sciuridae']
| 6,747,458
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.200.087'], ['D04.210.500.105'], ['C06.130.409'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D08.244.453.890.500', 'D08.244.453.915.200', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.890.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.200', 'D12.776.422.220.453.890.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342'], ['A12.459'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.150.415'], ['D10'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Papillary thyroid carcinoma from tall and columnar cells].
|
The paper analyzes the data available in the literature on the morphological and prognostic features of the relatively rare morphological types of papillary thyroid carcinoma from tall and columnar cells. It is shown that the poor prognostic tall cell variant may be successfully diagnosed in the cytological smears of preoperative fine-needle biopsy and by histological examination of surgically removed tumor tissue. The question of the borderline extent of tall cells in order to single out the tumor as an individual classification category remains open. Columnar cell carcinoma poses great difficulties in making cytological and histological diagnoses. The prognosis of nonencapsulated tumors is poor as compared with that of encapsulated analogs of this variant.
|
['Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Prognosis', 'Thyroid Cancer, Papillary', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 21,695,993
|
[['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.085.612', 'C04.588.322.894.400', 'C04.588.443.915.400', 'C19.344.894.400', 'C19.874.788.400'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Altered Polyamine Profiles in Colorectal Cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: The declining mortality rate of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) can be explained, at least partially, with early diagnosis. Simple diagnostic methods are needed to achieve a maximal patient participation rate in screening.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Liquid chromatography electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to determine urinary polyamine (PA) profiles. In a prospective setting, 116 patients were included in the study: 57 with CRC, 13 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 12 with adenoma, and 34 controls.RESULTS: N1,N12-diacetylspermine (DiAcSPM) level was significantly higher in patients with CRC than controls (sensitivity=78.0%, specificity=70.6%; p=0.00049). The level of diacetylated cadaverine (p=0.0068) was lower and that of diacetylated putrescine (p=0.0078) was higher in patients with CRC than in those with IBD. Cadaverine (p=0.00010) and spermine (p=0.042) levels were lower and that of DiAcSPM (p=0.018) higher in patients with CRC than in those with adenoma.CONCLUSION: The simultaneous determination of urinary PAs by means of LC-MS/MS can be used to discriminate CRC from controls and patients with benign colorectal diseases.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyamines', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spermine', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 29,848,716
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E01.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.092.782'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D02.092.211.415.701.801.821', 'D02.092.782.802'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Detecting differentially expressed genes in heterogeneous diseases using half Student's t-test.
|
BACKGROUND: Microarray technology provides information about hundreds and thousands of gene-expression data in a single experiment. To search for disease-related genes, researchers test for those genes that are differentially expressed between the case subjects and the control subjects.METHODS: The authors propose a new test, the 'half Student's t-test', specifically for detecting differentially expressed genes in heterogeneous diseases. Monte-Carlo simulation shows that the test maintains the nominal á level quite well for both normal and non-normal distributions. Power of the half Student's t is higher than that of the conventional 'pooled' Student's t when there is heterogeneity in the disease under study. The power gain by using the half Student's t can reach ?10% when the standard deviation of the case group is 50% larger than that of the control group.RESULTS: Application to a colon cancer data reveals that when the false discovery rate (FDR) is controlled at 0.05, the half Student's t can detect 344 differentially expressed genes, whereas the pooled Student's t can detect only 65 genes. Or alternatively, if only 50 genes are to be selected, the FDR for the pooled Student's t has to be set at 0.0320 (false positive rate of ?3%), but for the half Student's t, it can be at as low as 0.0001 (false positive rate of about one per ten thousands).CONCLUSIONS: The half Student's t-test is to be recommended for the detection of differentially expressed genes in heterogeneous diseases.
|
['Colonic Neoplasms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Models, Statistical', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Statistics, Nonparametric']
| 20,519,335
|
[['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Analysis of direct costs of controlling arterial hypertension].
|
OBJECTIVE: To analyse the number of attendances and the direct cost of pharmaceutical prescription arising from a year-long monitoring of hypertense patients.SETTING: Health Centre.DESIGN: A prospective observation study.PATIENTS: 220 hypertense patients, undergoing arterial pressure (AP) monitoring, were chosen by means of systematic random sampling.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The variables of age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, AP, monitoring level (criterion AP < 160-90 mmHg), attendances and treatment used were analysed. The pharmaceutical cost was calculated in line with the dosages and according to the 1990 Vademecum. The monitoring level was 43.6%. The total number of attendances per patient were 12.8 +/- 6.43 and those for hypertension, 7.9 +/- 3.5. Diabetics attended more for hypertension (8.8 vs 7.5, p < 0.05). Pharmaceutical treatment was prescribed for 183 people (83.2%). The number of drugs was correlated with the severity of the hypertension and the number of attendances. Overall drug cost was 429,571 pesetas per month. Average monthly cost per patient was 2,348.69 +/- 2,318.92 pesetas (range 90.5-12,856.5). Angiotensin enzyme conversion inhibitors (AECI) made for the greatest monthly mean cost per patient (4,352.9 pesetas) and diuretics, the least (322.2 pesetas).CONCLUSION: Frequency of attendance is related to the presence of diabetes and the number of drugs prescribed. The introduction of AECI and Calcium antagonists into first-line treatment represents an important increase in the cost of controlling Hypertension.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Diuretics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Office Visits', 'Prospective Studies']
| 7,986,982
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['N03.219.151'], ['C19.246.099'], ['D27.505.696.560.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.452.758.635'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sharing a Personal Trainer: Personal and Social Benefits of Individualized, Small-Group Training.
|
Wayment, HA and McDonald, RL. Sharing a personal trainer: personal and social benefits of individualized, small-group training. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3137-3145, 2017-We examined a novel personal fitness training program that combines personal training principles in a small-group training environment. In a typical training session, exercisers warm-up together but receive individualized training for 50 minutes with 1-5 other adults who range in age, exercise experience, and goals for participation. Study participants were 98 regularly exercising adult members of a fitness studio in the southwestern United States (64 women and 32 men), aged 19-78 years (mean, 46.52 years; SD = 14.15). Average membership time was 2 years (range, 1-75 months; mean, 23.54 months; SD = 20.10). In collaboration with the program directors, we developed a scale to assess satisfaction with key features of this unique training program. Participants completed an online survey in Fall 2015. Hypotheses were tested with a serial mediator model (model 6) using the SPSS PROCESS module. In support of the basic tenets of self-determination theory, satisfaction with small-group, individualized training supported basic psychological needs, which in turn were associated with greater autonomous exercise motivation and life satisfaction. Satisfaction with this unique training method was also associated with greater exercise self-efficacy. Autonomous exercise motivation was associated with both exercise self-efficacy and greater self-reported health and energy. Discussion focuses on why exercise programs that foster a sense of social belonging (in addition to motivation and efficacy) may be helpful for successful adherence to an exercise program.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Group Processes', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motivation', 'Personal Autonomy', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Self Efficacy', 'Social Support', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 28,353,489
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['F01.829.316'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F02.600', 'I01.880.604.473.380.500', 'K01.752.566.479.830.650', 'N03.706.437.380.500', 'N05.350.958.650'], ['F01.145.677'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Fatal peripheral neuropathy with predominant motor involvement associated with anti-MAG IgM monoclonal gammapathy].
|
A 75 year old woman died of predominantly motor peripheral neuropathy with amyotrophy and fasciculations progressing to tetraplegia and death within 19 months. There was a mild distal sensory loss. At electrophysiology, the pattern was initially demyelinating and later became axonal. Nerve biopsy disclosed severe myelinated and unmyelinated fiber loss with wallerian degeneration. The remaining fibers had demyelination widening of the external myelin lamellae and intense hypermyelination. Serum contained an anti-MAG monoclonal IgM reacting with SGPG. Two siblings without monoclonal gammopathy had died of definite amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This family association is discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Demyelinating Diseases', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypergammaglobulinemia', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains', 'Myelin Proteins', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Quadriplegia']
| 7,516,570
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.314'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C15.378.147.542', 'C20.683.460', 'C23.888.512'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750.530', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750.530', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750.530'], ['D12.776.543.620', 'D12.776.631.580'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['D12.776.395.550.570', 'D12.776.503.921.049', 'D12.776.543.550.555', 'D12.776.543.620.530', 'D12.776.631.580.500'], ['C10.668.829'], ['C10.597.622.760', 'C23.888.592.636.786']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fine-resolution mapping of particulate matter concentration in urban areas and population exposure analysis via dispersion modeling: a study in Daejeon, South Korea.
|
To deliver accurate particulate matter information to citizens, a detailed particulate matter dispersion model including factors such as land use and meteorological information was developed and used to create particulate matter concentration distribution maps for Daejeon Metropolitan City (South Korea). The results showed differences from existing particulate matter concentration distribution maps created using established methods. For PM2.5, approximately 3600 concentration maps were constructed. Taking a map as an example, according to existing methods, the PM2.5 concentration was "good" in 56% and "moderate" in 44% of areas. However, according to our modeling, the PM2.5 concentration was good in 31%, moderate in 26%, "unhealthy" in 28%, and "very unhealthy" in 15% of areas. Furthermore, the existing methods indicated that no portion of the population was exposed to poor particulate matter concentrations, while the proposed model found that over 170,000 people were exposed to such concentrations. These results will contribute to sustainable urban and environmental planning.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Cities', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Humans', 'Meteorological Concepts', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Particulate Matter', 'Republic of Korea', 'Urban Population']
| 30,955,199
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['G16.500.275.069', 'N06.230.069', 'Z01.433'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.750', 'N06.230.300'], ['E05.599'], ['D20.633'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The SJL/J mouse: a new model for spontaneous age-associated amyloidosis. I. Morphologic and immunochemical aspects.
|
A high incidence of spontaneous amyloidosis is described in SJL/J mice. Amyloid was detected as early as 30 weeks of age and the incidence rose to 90 per cent by 60 weeks of age. Amyloid deposits were most prominent in the perifollicular zones of the spleen and the lobular areas of the liver. Ultrastructural analysis revealed rigid, nonbranching fibrils indistinguishable from those observed in casein-induced murine amyloidosis. On the other hand, immunochemical studies indicated that amyloid deposits in SJL/J mice differ from those found in casein-treated CBA mice with respect to size, amino acid content, and antigenic properties. Since the SJL/J mouse also develops spontaneous reticulum cell tumors and serum M components, it appears to be a useful model for study of the pathogenesis of amyloidosis and its relationship to aging, neoplasia, and certain B-cell dyscrasias.
|
['Age Factors', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amyloid', 'Amyloidosis', 'Animals', 'Caseins', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Kidney', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Molecular Weight', 'Sarcoma, Experimental', 'Spleen']
| 781,403
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['C18.452.845.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.207', 'D12.776.744.150'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G02.494'], ['C04.557.450.795.830', 'C04.619.857', 'E05.598.500.496.968'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Aqueous chromatographic system for separation of biomolecules using thermoresponsive polymer modified stationary phase.
|
We have investigated a new method for HPLC using packing materials modified with a functional polymer, such as thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). PNIPAAm-modified silica exhibits temperature-controlled hydrophilic-hydrophobic surface property changes in aqueous systems. Temperature-responsive chromatography is performed with an aqueous mobile phase without using an organic solvent. We designed ternary copolymers of NIPAAm introduced 2-(dimethyl-amino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) as a cationic monomer and butyl methacrylate (BMA) as a hydrophobic monomer. A cationic thermoresponsive hydrogel grafted surface would produce an alterable stationary phase with both thermally regulated hydrophobicity and charge density for separation of bioactive compounds. In this study, we achieved successful separation of lysozyme without the loss of bioactivity by temperature-responsive chromatography. The electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions could be modulated simultaneously with the temperature in an aqueous mobile phase, thus the separation system would have potential applications in the separation of biomolecules.
|
['Acrylamides', 'Acrylic Resins', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Humans', 'Muramidase', 'Polymers', 'Proteins', 'Serum Albumin', 'Temperature']
| 18,289,554
|
[['D02.065.122', 'D02.241.081.069.094'], ['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Continuation phase intravenous ketamine in adults with treatment-resistant depression.
|
BACKGROUND: Little is known about the antidepressive effects of repeated intravenous ketamine infusions beyond the acute phase of treatment in patients with refractory depression.METHODS: Twelve subjects with treatment-resistant non-psychotic unipolar or bipolar major depression and suicidal ideation were given repeated (up to 6) thrice-weekly acute-phase intravenous infusions of ketamine (0.5mg/kg, administered over 100min). Those who remitted during acute-phase treatment received continuation-phase treatment that consisted of 4 weekly ketamine infusions, followed by 4 weeks of post-continuation phase follow-up (during which no further ketamine infusions were administered). Clinical measures were assessed at baseline, at 24h following each infusion, at the last acute-phase observation, and during continuation and post-continuation follow-up (acute phase remitters only).RESULTS: Of the 12 enrollees, 5 (41.7%) remitted and 7 (58.3%) responded to ketamine treatment during the acute-phase. All five subjects who remitted during the acute-phase experienced further depressive symptom improvement during continuation-phase treatment. Four subjects lost remission status during the post-continuation phase, but all were still classified as positive treatment responders at the end of the post-continuation phase. Adverse effects were generally mild and transient during acute- and continuation-phase treatment; however, one subject developed behavioral outbursts and suicide threats during follow-up while hospitalized, and one subject died by suicide several weeks after the end of follow-up.LIMITATIONS: This was an uncontrolled feasibility study with a small sample size.CONCLUSIONS: The continuation-phase administration of ketamine at weekly intervals to patients with treatment-resistant depression who remitted during acute-phase ketamine treatment can extend the duration of depressive symptom remission. The antidepressive effect of ketamine persisted for several weeks after the end of continuation-phase treatment. Our results highlight the need for close monitoring of subjects who are at high baseline risk for suicide but do not respond clinically to ketamine. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV IDENTIFIER: NCT02094898.
|
['Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Ketamine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Remission Induction', 'Sample Size', 'Suicidal Ideation', 'Young Adult']
| 27,656,788
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['F03.084.500'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['F03.600.300.388'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.652'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.860'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.149', 'I01.880.735.856.149'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The management of unstable oblique infected mandibular fractures with a 2.3 mm mandibular osteosynthesis reconstruction bone plate.
|
UNLABELLED: This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 2.3mm reconstruction bone plates in the treatment of unstable infected mandibular fractures.MATERIAL: The study included 32 patients with unstable oblique infected mandibular fractures (23 males and 9 females), with a mean age of 33 years. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 were treated with an osteosynthesis plate (with at least 3 screws on each side of fracture sites) applied to the mandibular fracture site, while in group 2 the bone plate was applied (2 screws on each side of fracture sites) with maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). Clinical and radiographic examinations were carefully assessed preoperatively and postoperatively at follow-up intervals of 1, 2, 6, 12 months. Postoperative complications in terms of dysocclusion, wound dehiscence and neurosensory disturbances were examined.RESULT: Postoperative clinical and radiographic results showed that group 1 had quicker bone generation and more precise anatomical alignment of fracture sites than with those in group 2. All patients showed no evidence of infection, plate fracture or exposure, malunion, osteomyelitis, neurosensory disturbances, or dental injury.CONCLUSION: The 2.3mm reconstruction bone plates provide excellent stability and healing of the unstable infected mandibular fractures provided that the fracture site is fixed by at least 3 screws on each side of the fracture sites.
|
['Adult', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Bone Plates', 'Bone Screws', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Humans', 'Hypesthesia', 'Jaw Fixation Techniques', 'Male', 'Mandibular Fractures', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteogenesis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Titanium', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Infection', 'Young Adult']
| 21,334,216
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.751.791.500', 'C23.888.592.763.770.500'], ['E04.545.440', 'E06.645.440'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.400.255', 'C26.404.750.467.441', 'C26.915.300.425.500.400.255'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C01.947'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of commercial slovenian and cypriot fruit juices using stable isotopes.
|
The compositions of commercially available fruit juices on the Slovenian and Cypriot markets have been compared and checked against the corresponding declarations on the packaging. Values of delta(13)C in the pulp, sugars, and ethanol (produced by fermentation and distillation) have been obtained by isotope ratio mass spectrometry and (D/H)(I) and (D/H)(II) ratios determined by Site-specific Natural Isotope Fractionation NMR and compared with literature data. These data show that some juices on the Slovenian and Cypriot markets were adulterated. Measurements of delta(18)O in the water and of (D/H)(II) in the ethanol indicated a significant difference in commercially available juices due to differences of the "tap" water in Slovenia and Cyprus, as most of the juices were diluted from concentrate. Using Principal Component Analysis, very clear differentiation can be made between juices from the two countries, arising from their distinct aquatic environments and climates. The identification of botanical origin of fruit juices was possible only in the case of Slovenian orange and apple fruit juices.
|
['Beverages', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Cyprus', 'Fruit', 'Isotope Labeling', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Oxygen Isotopes', 'Slovenia']
| 19,586,026
|
[['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['Z01.542.580.500.300', 'Z01.639.640.300'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['E05.522'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D01.268.185.550.500', 'D01.362.670.300', 'D01.496.625'], ['Z01.542.248.820']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Absorption profiling of cyclosporine microemulsion (neoral) during the first 2 weeks after renal transplantation.
|
BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that optimal immunosuppressive drug exposure must be achieved early posttransplant to minimize the risk of acute graft rejection. This study was designed to examine the absorption profile of Neoral during the first 2 weeks after renal transplantation, to develop simple sparse-sampling pharmacokinetic methods to predict exposure, and to explore the target range for optimal clinical immunosuppression under conditions of normal clinical practice.METHODS: The prospective multicenter study was conducted in six Canadian renal transplant centers in patients receiving Neoral-based immunosuppression. Full (8-point) pharmacokinetic studies were performed on days 3, 7, and 14 posttransplant in a nested subset of patients, and the occurrence and severity of acute rejection, infection or other adverse effects, routine laboratory parameters, and vital signs were assessed on days 3, 7, 14, and 28.RESULTS: A total of 38 adult kidney graft recipients were studied, of whom a nested subset of 16 patients had complete 12-hr pharmacokinetic (PK) data on all 3 sampling days. Mean area under the time-concentration curve over the entire 12-hr dosage interval (AUC[0-12]) was 9249+/-3236 microg.hr/L by day 3 and did not change significantly throughout the study, although dose-corrected AUC[0-12] rose by 20% from 1924+/-671 microg.hr/L on day 3 to 2316+/-697 microg.hr/L on day 14 (P=0.067). Mean AUC[0-4] was 4566+/-1463 microg.hr/L by day 3 and also did not change significantly, although the dose-adjusted AUC[0-4] rose by 31% from 952+/-317 microg.hr/L on day 3 to 1250+/-697 microg.hr/L on day 14 (P=0.009). AUC[0-4] represented 52% of the AUC[0-12] values across the three PK study days and closely predicted this latter value (R2=0.803 day 3, R2=0.972 day 14). Cyclosporine (CsA) concentration profiles became more uniform throughout the first 14 days posttransplant, with a reduction in Tmax from 2.45 to 1.48 hr (P<0.005) and a significant decrease in coefficient of variation for AUC[0-12] (35% vs. 21%, P<0.005) and for Tmax (47.4% vs. 33.1%, P<0.005). Predosage trough level (C0) was a poor predictor of drug exposure, with R2 values less than 0.5 for AUC[0-4] and 0.7 for AUC[0-12] at all time points. Sparse sample modeling identified three 3-point sparse-sampling strategies that predicted AUC[0-12] and AUC[0-4] with R2 values approaching or exceeding 0.9 on all three study days; C2 or C3 seemed to be the most important single predictor, with R2 values > 0.80. Ten of the 36 treated patients (27.8%) experienced 13 episodes of acute rejection by 28 days posttransplant. Longitudinal logistic regression showed no association between C0 and rejection, but lower AUC[0-12] values were marginally (P=0.099) and lower AUC[0-4] values were significantly (P=0.046) associated with increased risk of rejection. CsA exposure on day 7 (n=29) was significantly lower in patients who experienced acute rejection in the second week than in those who were rejection free whether measured by AUC[0-12] (7976+/-1476 vs. 10,239+/-2759 microg.hr/L; P=0.048), AUC[0-4] (4027+/-412 vs. 5623+/-1389 microg.hr/L; P<0.0001), C2 (1116+/-183 vs. 1852+/-522 microg/L; P<0.0001), or Cmax (1415+/-323 vs. 2084+/-450 microg/L; P=0.005), and rejection was significantly less common in patients with an AUC[0-4]> 4,500 microg.hr/L (7% vs. 40%; P=0.041) or a C2 level>1500 microg/L (0% vs. 58%; P<0.001) on day 7 (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 75%; positive predictive value, 58%; negative predictive value, 100%). There was no evident relationship between CsA exposure and renal toxicity within this patient sample.CONCLUSIONS: Absorption of CsA is highly heterogeneous immediately posttransplant, although the pharmacokinetic profile normalizes, interpatient variability decreases, and CsA absorption increases throughout the first 2 weeks permitting a reduction in Neoral dose to achieve constant exposure. Trough (C0) levels do not accurately predict CsA exposure or rejection risk and should be replaced by sparse or single point (C2) sampling methods, which offer a high predictive value to optimize the use of this drug and reduce rejection risk. Acute rejection is significantly more common with low CsA exposure during the first week posttransplant, and levels above the threshold of approximately AUC[0-4] 4500 microg.hr/L or C2 1500 microg/L are desirable to minimize the risk of rejection.
|
['Absorption', 'Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Cyclosporine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Emulsions', 'Female', 'Graft Rejection', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Incidence', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 11,579,295
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution of plasma total homocysteine concentrations in the healthy Iranians.
|
OBJECTIVE: The distribution of plasma total homocysteine concentrations in a population of South West of Iran Shiraz is described to test for differences in homocysteine concentrations among gender and age groups and those levels reported in other populations.DESIGN AND METHODS: Two hundred one healthy males and 201 healthy females aged >15 years from Shiraz, Iran, were randomly selected. Plasma total homocysteine concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS: The mean plasma homocysteine level was significantly higher in men (geometric mean, 7.3 micromol/l) than in women (geometric mean, 6.3 micromol/l, P < 0.001). The geometric mean levels for ages 15-25, 26-36, 37-47, and 48-58, 59-69, and 70-80 years, were 5.9, 5.4, 5.2, 6.7, 7.3, and 7.6 micromol/l in women and 7.5, 8.7, 5.9, 5.9,7.2, and 9.1 micromol/l in men, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The homocysteine distribution in a representative sample of people of southwest of Iran indicates age and gender differences, as is found in other populations.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Female', 'Homocysteine', 'Humans', 'Iran', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors']
| 14,725,947
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14'], ['D02.886.030.498', 'D12.125.166.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Survival of Children With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the survival of infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) and potential influence of demographic and clinical characteristics on survival using population-based data.METHODS: Infants with nonsyndromic HLHS (n = 212) born between 1979 and 2005 were identified through the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program. Vital status was ascertained through 2009 based on linkage with vital records. We estimated Kaplan-Meier survival probabilities stratified by select demographic and clinical characteristics.RESULTS: The overall survival probability to 2009 was 24% and significantly improved over time: from 0% in 1979-1984 to 42% in 1999-2005. Survival probability was 66% during the first week, 27% during the first year of life, and 24% during the first 10 years. Survival of very low and low birth weight or preterm infants and those born in high-poverty neighborhoods was significantly poorer. For children with information on surgical intervention (n = 88), the overall survival was 52%, and preterm infants had significantly poorer survival (31%) compared with term infants (56%). For children who survived to 1 year of age, long-term survival was ?90%.CONCLUSIONS: Survival to adolescence of children with nonsyndromic HLHS born in metropolitan Atlanta has significantly improved in recent years, with those born full term, with normal birth weight, or in a low-poverty neighborhood having a higher survival probability. Survival beyond infancy to adolescence is high. A better understanding of the growing population of survivors with HLHS is needed to inform resource planning.
|
['Child', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Georgia', 'Humans', 'Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Male', 'Probability', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis']
| 26,391,936
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.250', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.240.400.625', 'C14.280.400.625', 'C16.131.240.400.625'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Octadecabacter jejudonensis sp. nov., isolated from the junction between the ocean and a freshwater spring and emended description of the genus Octadecabacter.
|
A Gram-stain-negative, non-spore-forming, non-flagellated, rod-shaped bacterial strain, SSK2-1(T), was isolated from the zone where the ocean and a freshwater spring meet at Jeju island, South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain SSK2-1(T) grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0-8.0 and in the presence of 2.0% (w/v) NaCl. Neighbour-joining, maximum-likelihood and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain SSK2-1(T) clustered with the type strains of two Octadecabacter species, showing 96.5-96.8% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Strain SSK2-1(T) and Octadecabacter arcticus DSM 13978(T) contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ù7c as the common major fatty acid. The polar lipid profile of strain SSK2-1(T) was similar to that of O. arcticus DSM 13978(T) by having phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified aminolipid as the major components. The DNA G+C content of strain SSK2-1(T) was 60.1 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, particularly temperature range for growth, oxidase activity and nitrate reduction, together with phylogenetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain SSK2-1(T) is separate from recognized species of the genus Octadecabacter. On the basis of the data presented, strain SSK2-1(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Octadecabacter, for which the name Octadecabacter jejudonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SSK2-1(T) ( = KCTC 32535(T) = CECT 8397(T)).
|
['Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Base Composition', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Fatty Acids', 'Fresh Water', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Republic of Korea', 'Rhodobacteraceae', 'Seawater', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Ubiquinone', 'Water Microbiology']
| 24,174,219
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['G02.111.080'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D10.251'], ['G16.500.275.280', 'N06.230.232'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['B03.660.050.750'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D02.806.250.900', 'D08.211.935'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Lipid transport and human brain development.
|
How the human brain rapidly builds up its lipid content during brain growth and maintains its lipids in adulthood has remained elusive. Two new studies show that inactivating mutations in MFSD2A, known to be expressed specifically at the blood-brain barrier, lead to microcephaly, thereby offering a simple and surprising solution to an old enigma.
|
['Biological Transport', 'Brain', 'Humans', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Microcephaly', 'Symporters', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 26,111,510
|
[['G03.143'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.458'], ['C05.660.207.620', 'C10.500.507.400.500', 'C16.131.621.207.620', 'C16.131.666.507.400.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of a Shack-Hartmann aberrometer to assess the optical outcome of corneal transplantation in a keratoconic eye.
|
We report the optical outcome of corneal transplantation treatment on a keratoconic eye as measured with a Shack-Hartmann aberrometer, and we compare the results with the recovery of visual acuity after surgery. Before surgery, the naked keratoconic eye exhibited extremely large aberrations that could not be measured unless the patient wore a rigid gas-permeable contact lens. With the lens, the computed point-spread function of the eye was large and multimodal, and simulated retinal images confirmed the patient's subjective report of multiple, overlapping images. After full recovery from surgery, aberrations of the corrected eye were much smaller compared with the presurgical eye, which implied a more compact point-spread function and clearer retinal images. These optical changes were mirrored by an improvement in uncorrected visual acuity from 1.3 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) before surgery to 0 logMAR with spectacle correction after full recovery. We conclude that the Shack-Hartmann aberrometer provides an objective, quantitative assessment of the optical outcome of penetrating keratoplasty that allows the clinician to measure retinal image quality objectively and to accurately simulate the complex visual distortions associated with keratoconus.
|
['Cornea', 'Corneal Topography', 'Humans', 'Keratoconus', 'Keratoplasty, Penetrating', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity']
| 11,780,663
|
[['A09.371.060.217'], ['E01.370.380.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.204.627'], ['E02.095.147.725.225.350', 'E04.540.825.374.350', 'E04.936.580.225.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reversal of ischemic damage with secondary blood cardioplegia.
|
After severe ischemic injury, it is usually necessary to prolong bypass to enhance recovery. This study tests the hypothesis that the best reversal of ischemic damage is achieved by briefly rearresting the postischemic heart with a continuous infusion of an oxygenated cardioplegic solution (secondary blood cardioplegia) during the period when bypass must be prolonged. Twenty dogs underwent 45 minutes of normothermic ischemic arrest. Fifteen minutes after unclamping, no heart could support the systemic circulation. In all dogs, oxygen demands were lowered by extending bypass for 30 minutes. In 10 of these dogs, demands were further lowered by rearresting the heart for 5 minutes with a continuous infusion of a 37 degrees C blood cardioplegic solution (K+28 mEq/L; pH 7.6; Ca++ 1 mEq/L) at a pressure of 50 mm Hg. Hearts treated with secondary blood cardioplegia showed greater recovery in the rate of contraction (-dP/dt 75% versus 62%, p less than 0.05) and relaxation (-dP/dt 76% versus 58%, p less than 0.05), better recovery of compliance (85% versus 51%, p less than 0.05), a higher stroke work index (0.72 versus 0.50 gm-m/Kg, p less than 0.05), and more ability to augment oxygen uptake (85% versus 45%, p less than 0.05) to meet the demands of the working heart than hearts treated by prolonging bypass alone. We conclude that rearresting the heart with a brief, continuous infusion of a blood cardioplegic solution results in more complete reversal of ischemic damage than possible by prolongation of a bypass alone. We believe that the increased recovery with secondary cardioplegia results from diversion of delivered oxygen toward reparative processes rather than its being expended needlessly on electromechanical work during the time when bypass must be prolonged.
|
['Animals', 'Blood', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Disease', 'Dogs', 'Heart Arrest, Induced', 'Heart Rate', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Stroke Volume', 'Time Factors']
| 491,722
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The exon-junction complex proteins, Y14 and MAGOH regulate STAT3 activation.
|
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), which is activated by cytokines and growth factors, mediates biological actions in many physiological processes. In a previous study, we found that Y14, a core component of the exon-junction complex (EJC) bound to STAT3 and upregulated the transcriptional activity of STAT3 by influencing its DNA-binding activity. In the present study, we demonstrate that STAT3 endogenously interacts with Y14. In addition, we found that MAGOH, a Y14 partner in the EJC, inhibits the STAT3-Y14 complex formation. Furthermore, small-interfering RNA-mediated reduction of MAGOH expression enhanced interleukin-6-induced gene expression. These results indicate that MAGOH regulates the transcriptional activation of STAT3 by interfering complex formation between STAT3 and Y14.
|
['Exons', 'Humans', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'STAT3 Transcription Factor', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 19,254,694
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.644.360.024.342.300', 'D12.776.157.057.186.300', 'D12.776.476.024.430.300', 'D12.776.930.840.300'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of time-of-flight and point spread function modeling on 82
|
BACKGROUND: The effect of time-of-flight (TOF) and point spread function (PSF) modeling in image reconstruction has not been well studied for cardiac PET. This study assesses their separate and combined influence on 82Rb myocardial perfusion imaging in obese patients.METHODS: Thirty-six obese patients underwent rest-stress 82Rb cardiac PET. Images were reconstructed with and without TOF and PSF modeling. Perfusion was quantitatively compared using the AHA 17-segment model for patients grouped by BMI, cross-sectional body area in the scanner field of view, gender, and left ventricular myocardial volume. Summed rest scores (SRS), summed stress scores (SSS), and summed difference scores (SDS) were compared.RESULTS: TOF improved polar map visual uniformity and increased septal wall perfusion by up to 10%. This increase was greater for larger patients, more evident for patients grouped by cross-sectional area than by BMI, and more prominent for females. PSF modeling increased perfusion by about 1.5% in all cardiac segments. TOF modeling generally decreased SRS and SSS with significant decreases between 2.4 and 3.0 (P < .05), which could affect risk stratification; SDS remained about the same. With PSF modeling, SRS, SSS, and SDS were largely unchanged.CONCLUSION: TOF and PSF modeling affect regional and global perfusion, SRS, and SSS. Clinicians should consider these effects and gender-dependent differences when interpreting 82Rb perfusion studies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Perfusion Imaging', 'Obesity', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Rubidium Radioisotopes', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 29,907,933
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.130.875', 'E01.370.350.710.600.500', 'E01.370.370.380.500', 'E01.370.384.730.354.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['D01.496.749.740'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Involvement of the FoxO3a pathway in the ischemia/reperfusion injury of cardiac microvascular endothelial cells.
|
FoxO3a, a member of the forkhead transcription factors, has been demonstrated to be involved in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) are some of the predominant cells damaged immediately after myocardial I/R injury. Despite the importance of injured CMECs in an ischemic heart, little is known about the involvement of FoxO3a in regulating CMECs injury. Thus, we used rat CMECs following simulated I/R to examine FoxO3a activation and signaling in relation to survival, the cell cycle and apoptosis in CMECs. We found that Akt negatively regulates activation of the FoxO3a pathway by phosphorylating FoxO3a in CMECs as demonstrated with an Akt inhibitor and activator. Upon I/R injury, the FoxO3a pathway was significantly activated in CMECs, which was accompanied by Akt deactivation. In parallel, the I/R of CMECs induced G1-phase arrest through p27(Kip1) up-regulation and significant activation of caspase-3. Accordingly, inhibition of the FoxO3a pathway by IGF-1, an Akt activator, could significantly block the I/R-enhanced activation of p27(Kip1) and caspase-3 in CMECs. Collectively, our results indicate that the FoxO3a pathway is involved in the I/R injury of CMECs at least in part through the regulation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, suggesting that the FoxO3a pathway may be a novel therapeutic target that protects against microvascular endothelial damage in ischemic hearts.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Forkhead Box Protein O3', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Rats', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction']
| 23,948,278
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.436.275'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D12.776.260.950.249.125', 'D12.776.930.977.249.125'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A critical role of CaBP4 in the cone synapse.
|
PURPOSE: CaBP4, a photoreceptor-specific protein of the rods and cones, is essential for the development and maintenance of the mouse photoreceptor synapse. In this study, double CaBP4/rod alpha-transducin knockout (Cabp4(-/-)Gnat1(-/-)) mice lacking the rod-mediated component of electrophysiologic responses were generated and analyzed to investigate the role of CaBP4 in cones.METHODS: The retinal morphology and physiologic function of 2-month-old Cabp4(-/-)Gnat1(-/-) mice were analyzed using immunocytochemistry, electron microscopy, and single-flash and flicker electroretinography (ERG).RESULTS: The thickness of the outer plexiform layer and the number of photoreceptor terminals in Cabp4(-/-)Gnat1(-/-) mice were reduced to levels similar to those of Cabp4(-/-) mice. Single-flash and flicker ERG showed that the amplitude and sensitivity of the b-wave in the Cabp4(-/-)Gnat1(-/-) mice were severely attenuated compared with those in wild-type and Gnat1(-/-) mice.CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that the cone synaptic function in Cabp4(-/-)Gnat1(-/-) mice was severely disrupted, whereas the morphologic defects observed in Cabp4(-/-)Gnat1(-/-) mice were similar to those of single Cabp4(-/-) knockout mice. This and a previous study reveal that CaBP4 is critical for signal transmission from rods and cones to second-order neurons.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Electroretinography', 'Eye Proteins', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Genotype', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells', 'Retinal Rod Photoreceptor Cells', 'Synapses', 'Synaptic Transmission', 'Transducin', 'Vision, Ocular']
| 16,249,514
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['D12.776.306'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.631'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A08.675.650.850.625.670.100', 'A08.675.650.915.937.670.100', 'A08.800.950.937.670.100', 'A09.371.729.831.625.670.100', 'A11.671.650.850.625.670.100', 'A11.671.650.915.937.670.100'], ['A08.675.650.850.625.670.650', 'A08.675.650.915.937.670.650', 'A08.800.950.937.670.650', 'A09.371.729.831.625.670.650', 'A11.671.650.850.625.670.650', 'A11.671.650.915.937.670.650'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.200.800', 'D12.644.360.360.940', 'D12.776.157.325.332.940', 'D12.776.476.375.940', 'D12.776.543.325.800'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of zinc absorption by iron depends on their ratio.
|
Previous studies upon zinc-iron interactions gave conflicting results that could come from differences in protocol design or in trace element status of subjects. The present work assessed the influence of zinc : iron ratio and iron deficiency upon zinc absorption. The digestive absorption of zinc sulphate (100 micromol Zn/l) in presence of iron gluconate was studied in perfused jejunal loops (n = 6/group) of normal rats (range 0-1000 micromol Fe/l) and iron deficient rats (200-750 micromol Fe/l). In normal rats no significant iron inhibition on zinc absorption occurred at Fe:Zn ratio below 2:1. At higher ratios zinc uptake and net absorption decreased significantly (p<0.05). Between 2:1 and 5:1 a dose dependent inhibition of zinc absorption occurred and reached a plateau beyond this ratio. In iron deficient animals no changes in zinc uptake, mucosal retention and absorption compared to normal animals occurred at ratio 2:1. At higher ratios differences were observed at every zinc absorption step except for mucosal retention at 7.5:1 ratio. Iron-zinc interactions depend on their ratio and on previous trace elements status of subjects. Due to the wide and unknown variations that were likely to occur between the subjects of previous human and experimental studies, these results could explain some of the discrepancies between their results.
|
['Animals', 'Cations', 'Cell Membrane', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Iron', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Zinc']
| 11,846,013
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['A11.284.149'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Genome-wide screen identifies cullin-RING ligase machinery required for lenalidomide-dependent CRL4CRBN
|
Lenalidomide mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of Ikaros family zinc finger protein 1 (IKZF1), IKZF3, and casein kinase 1á (CK1á) by facilitating their interaction with cereblon (CRBN), the substrate receptor for the CRL4CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase. Through this mechanism, lenalidomide is a clinically effective treatment of multiple myeloma and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with deletion of chromosome 5q [del(5q) MDS]. To identify the cellular machinery required for lenalidomide-induced CRL4CRBN activity, we performed a positive selection, genome-scale clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) screen in a lenalidomide-sensitive myeloma cell line. CRBN was the top-ranking gene, with all CRBN-targeting guide RNAs (gRNAs) ranking as the 6 highest-scoring gRNAs. A counterscreen using an IKZF3 degron reporter to assay lenalidomide-induced protein degradation highlighted regulators of cullin-RING ligase neddylation and 2 E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes as necessary for efficient lenalidomide-induced protein degradation. We demonstrated that loss of UBE2M or members of the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome results in altered neddylation of cullin 4A and impairs lenalidomide-dependent CRL4CRBN activity. Additionally, we established that UBE2D3 and UBE2G1 play distinct roles in substrate ubiquitination by CRL4CRBN, with UBE2D3 acting to prime targets via monoubiquitination and UBE2G1 functioning to extend polyubiquitin chains with lysine 48 linkages. The validation of UBE2D3 and UBE2G1 highlights the functional capacity of CRISPR-Cas9 screening to identify E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme and E3 ubiquitin ligase complex pairings. More broadly, these findings establish key proteins required for lenalidomide-dependent CRL4CRBN function in myeloma and inform potential mechanisms of drug resistance.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'CRISPR-Cas Systems', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Humans', 'Lenalidomide', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases', 'Ubiquitination']
| 30,042,095
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G05.308.203.374.394'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.400', 'D03.383.621.808.519', 'D03.633.100.513.750.563'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['D08.811.464.938.500'], ['D08.811.464.938.750'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Risk factors associated with abscess formation among patient with leg erysipelas (cellulitis) in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicenter study.
|
BACKGROUND: Abscess formation is a frequent local complication of leg erysipelas. In this study we aimed at identifying factors associated with abscess formation of leg erysipelas in patients in sub-Saharan African countries.METHOD: This is a multicenter prospective study conducted in dermatology units in eight sub-Saharan African countries from October 2013 to September 2014. We performed univariate and multivariate analysis to compare characteristics among the group of patients with leg erysipelas complicated with abscess against those without this complication.RESULTS: In this study, 562 cases of leg erysipelas were recruited in the eight sub-Saharan African countries. The mean age of patients was 43.67 years (SD =16.8) (Range: 15 to 88 years) with a sex-ratio (M/F) of 5/1. Out of the 562 cases, 63 patients (11.2%) had abscess formation as a complication. In multivariate analysis showed that the main associated factors with this complication were: nicotine addiction (aOR = 3.7; 95 % CI = [1.3 - 10.7]) and delayed antibiotic treatment initiation (delay of 10 days or more) (aOR = 4.6; 95 % CI = [1.8 - 11.8]).CONCLUSION: Delayed antibiotics treatment and nicotine addiction are the main risk factors associated with abscess formation of leg erysipelas in these countries. However, chronic alcohol intake, which is currently found in Europe as a potential risk factor, was less frequent in our study.
|
['Abscess', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Africa South of the Sahara', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Erysipelas', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Leg Dermatoses', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Time-to-Treatment', 'Tobacco Use Disorder', 'Young Adult']
| 26,666,633
|
[['C01.830.025', 'C23.550.470.756.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.058.290'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.503', 'C01.150.252.819.260', 'C01.800.720.260', 'C17.800.838.765.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['C17.800.446'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.760.928', 'N02.421.585.928'], ['C25.775.912', 'F03.900.912'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Acute appendicitis in newborn infants].
|
Twenty-two observations of acute destructive appendicitis in newborns of 4 to 28 days of age are presented. A marked necrotic component of the inflammation with perforation and partial self-amputation is noted. It is assumed that a combination of general and local factors is important in the pathogenesis of acute appendicitis in newborns, with the leading role of systemic factors developing in newborns under conditions of hypoxia or infection: disturbance of the circulation in organs increased permeability of the histohematic barrier, loss of resistance and protective role of the intestinal flora with increasing activity of conditionally-pathogenic gram-negative (endogenous and exogenous) microbial flora.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Appendicitis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Male']
| 7,082,199
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['C01.463.099', 'C06.405.205.099', 'C06.405.469.110.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Whooping cough vaccination: some reasons for non-completion.
|
The decline in the number of children nationally being vaccinated against pertussis has caused anxiety and concern, both for parents and for professional workers. Publicity by the media and professional press has added to the confusion, and has been largely held responsible for the present situation. A survey was undertaken to analyse the factors which may have been responsible for the reduction in the number of children coming forward for pertussis vaccination in Leicestershire. These factors included social class, the position of the child within the family, and the reasons given by families for omission of the vaccine. Observations on the computerized record of immunization and vaccination, and the family's own record of the dates of immunization were made. The results of the survey present a more complicated picture than expected, with the consequence that solutions are difficult to find.
|
['Child', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Family', 'Humans', 'Immunization Schedule', 'Pertussis Vaccine', 'Records', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United Kingdom', 'Vaccination', 'Whooping Cough']
| 6,900,639
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.470', 'E05.478.550.545'], ['D20.215.894.135.535'], ['E05.318.308.940', 'L01.399.250.900', 'N04.452.859', 'N05.715.360.300.715', 'N06.850.520.308.940'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['C01.150.252.400.143.500', 'C01.748.969', 'C08.730.969']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Herpes simplex virus virion host shutoff protein is stimulated by translation initiation factors eIF4B and eIF4H.
|
The virion host shutoff protein (vhs) of herpes simplex virus triggers accelerated degradation of cellular and viral mRNAs while sparing other cytoplasmic RNA species. Previous work has shown that vhs forms a complex with translation initiation factor eIF4H, which displays detectable RNase activity in the absence of other viral or host proteins. However, the contributions of eIF4H and other host factors to the activity and mRNA targeting properties of vhs have not yet been directly examined. An earlier report from our laboratory demonstrated that rabbit reticulocyte lysate (RRL) contains one or more factors that strongly stimulate the RNase activity of vhs produced in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We report here that such yeast extracts display significant vhs-dependent RNase activity in the absence of mammalian factors. This activity differs from that displayed by vhs generated in RRL in that it is not targeted to the encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) internal ribosome entry site (IRES). Activity was strongly enhanced by the addition of RRL, eIF4H, or the related translation factor eIF4B. RRL also reconstituted strong targeting to the EMCV IRES, resulting in a major change in the RNA cleavage pattern. In contrast, eIF4H and eIF4B did not reconstitute IRES-directed targeting. These data indicate that eIF4B and 4H stimulate the nuclease activity of vhs, and they provide evidence that additional mammalian factors are required for targeting to the EMCV IRES.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Endoribonucleases', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Viral', 'Rabbits', 'Reticulocytes', 'Ribonucleases', 'Ribosomes', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Simplexvirus', 'Viral Proteins']
| 15,078,951
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.352.355.350', 'D08.811.277.352.700.350'], ['D12.776.835.725.868'], ['G05.308.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A11.118.290.760', 'A11.148.790', 'A11.443.240.665', 'A15.145.229.334.760', 'A15.378.316.790'], ['D08.811.277.352.700'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Skin, hair and nail changes in a case of citrullinemia with late manifestation.
|
We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with a history of episodes of vomiting and coma. Hyperammoniemia , hypouremia , hypercitrullinemia and the decreased arginino -succinic synthetase activity on skin fibroblast cultures permitted us to diagnose citrullinemia. We think that the skin changes, i.e. atrophy of the epidermis, thin and short collagen bundles, dystrophic elastic fibers, increased fundamental matrix, were due to the undernutrition state and were not specific. The dosage of the amino acids of the total skin showed a decreased hydroxylation of lysine in the insoluble fraction, and the presence of proline and hypdroxyproline in the soluble fraction. These metabolic changes were not specific and evidenced the disorganization and the lysis of the connective tissue due to the under-nutritional state. The nail changes, i.e. clubbed fingers and 'half-and-half nail' syndrome, were not specific either. The hair changes mentioned by other authors in newborns and young children, i.e. sparse and brittle blond hair, presence of transverse opaque bands ('irregularly banded hair'), were not present in our case. We only found changes in the cuticle and some trichorrhexis which were not specific of the disease either.
|
['Age Factors', 'Amino Acids', 'Atrophy', 'Citrulline', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Nail Diseases', 'Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic', 'Skin', 'Syndrome']
| 6,724,076
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D12.125'], ['C23.300.070'], ['D12.125.095.226'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.529'], ['C05.116.758', 'C05.550.684'], ['A17.815'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Increased measuring rate of an in vivo phagocytosis test by using frozen samples].
|
The in vivo phagocytosis test, as described by Dunn et al., allows only a limited number of measurements because the preparations do not last long. That's why it was tested, whether deepfreezing allows the evaluation of the preparations at a later time. The results show, that there were no differences between the counting of phagocytosed cells in fresh and in deep frozen macrophages, so that the experiments can be rationalized importantly by using the freezing technique.
|
['Animals', 'Escherichia coli', 'Freezing', 'Macrophages', 'Mengovirus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Phagocytosis']
| 2,840,814
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G01.645.500', 'G01.906.595.272.437', 'G02.734.466'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B04.820.578.750.170.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased activation of the transcription factor c-Jun by MAP kinases in monocytes of multiple trauma patients is associated with adverse outcome and mass transfusion.
|
BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic dysfunction of the immune system is a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with multiple trauma. The underlying intracellular mechanisms are still incompletely understood. Previous mRNA expression studies in monocytes suggested an involvement of the MAP kinases p38 and JNK and of the transcription factor c-Jun. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to elucidate whether alterations in the protein expression p38 MAPK, JNK, and c-Jun could be linked to PRBC substitution and survival.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with blunt multiple injuries and an ISS > 16 points were enrolled in our study. Blood was drawn on admission and 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after the traumatic event. Monocytes were isolated immediately after sample collection and nuclear protein was extracted and phosphoprotein concentrations were measured. The resulting data were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: An increased activation of MAP kinases and c-Jun could be shown in patients who died from their injuries. Additionally, patients who received PRBC substitution ?10 units exhibited increased expression of activated MAP kinases and c-Jun.CONCLUSIONS: We present a serial, sequential investigation in human monocytes of major trauma patients evaluating the activation of p38 MAPK, JNK and c-Jun in the post-traumatic period. We show that death after trauma and massive PRBC substitution are associated with activation of this pathway. The p38 MAPK, JNK, and c-Jun have well established proinflammatory properties. Therefore, it appears likely that this pathway is involved in the systemic hyperinflammatory states seen after massive PRBC transfusion and multiple trauma.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Female', 'Humans', 'JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monocytes', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 22,677,613
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.095.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374', 'D12.644.360.450.340', 'D12.776.476.450.340'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['C26.640'], ['D12.776.744'], ['D12.776.260.108.820', 'D12.776.624.664.700.182', 'D12.776.660.763', 'D12.776.930.127.820'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rapid removal of vancomycin by continuous veno-venous hemofiltration.
|
We describe a 14-year-old girl with staphylococcal (coagulase-negative) ventriculo-peritoneal shunt infection, who developed oliguric acute renal failure and was found to have a serum vancomycin concentration of 250 microg/ml. Since only about 10%-50% of vancomycin is bound to protein in blood, we employed continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) with a high ultrafiltration rate (1,800 ml/h) for increased convective clearance to remove vancomycin, which may have contributed to the acute renal failure. At the end of 38 h of CVVH, the vancomycin concentration had decreased in an exponential manner to 27 microg/ml. Over the subsequent 3-4 days, her renal function improved and the vancomycin concentration decreased further to <5 microg/ml. In conclusion, we believe that a high serum vancomycin concentration may be nephrotoxic and demonstrate that CVVH can be used effectively to remove vancomycin in children with acute renal failure.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Adolescent', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Female', 'Hemofiltration', 'Humans', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Vancomycin', 'Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt']
| 10,975,298
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E02.870.225', 'E04.292.471'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['D09.400.420.925', 'D12.644.233.925'], ['E04.035.188.850', 'E04.525.170.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Automated assignment of SCOP and CATH protein structure classifications from FSSP scores.
|
We present an automated procedure to assign CATH and SCOP classifications to proteins whose FSSP score is available. CATH classification is assigned down to the topology level, and SCOP classification is assigned to the fold level. Because the FSSP database is updated weekly, this method makes it possible to update also CATH and SCOP with the same frequency. Our predictions have a nearly perfect success rate when ambiguous cases are discarded. These ambiguous cases are intrinsic in any protein structure classification that relies on structural information alone. Hence, we introduce the "twilight zone for structure classification." We further suggest that to resolve these ambiguous cases, other criteria of classification, based also on information about sequence and function, must be used.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Automation', 'Databases, Protein', 'Internet', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Folding', 'Proteins', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sequence Alignment']
| 11,835,515
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['J01.897.104'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.710', 'L01.470.750.750.300.750', 'L01.470.750.750.325.710'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.393.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Mesoporous Europium-Doped Titania Nanoparticles (Eu-MTNs) for Luminescence-Based Intracellular Bio-Imaging.
|
Monodisperse and mesoporous europium (Eu)-doped titania nanoparticles (denoted as Eu-MTNs) were prepared by a co-synthesis method with the presence of a cationic surfactant (i.e., CTAB). A maximum loading amount of 8 mol% of Eu could be successfully incorporated into the framework of MTNs. The synthesized Eu-MTNs samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), with their luminescent property examined by photoluminescence (PL). Under ultraviolet irradiation, the Eu-MTNs samples exhibit several characteristic luminescence corresponding to 5D0-7F(j) for Eu+3 ions, which can be attributed to the energy transfer from titania nanocrystallite to Eu3+ ions dispersed in amorphous mesoporous titania region. The potential intracellular bio-imaging application of the synthesized Eu-MTN nanoparticles was demonstrated with a breast cancer cell line (i.e., BT-20). High biocompatibility and strong luminescence of the Eu-MTNs show great potential in biomedical applications.
|
['Europium', 'Luminescence', 'Luminescent Measurements', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Molecular Imaging', 'Nanoparticles', 'Titanium', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 26,682,415
|
[['D01.268.558.362.468', 'D01.552.550.399.468'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['E05.196.712.516'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E01.370.350.557', 'E05.601.555'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Grape seed extract enhances eNOS expression and NO production through regulating calcium-mediated AKT phosphorylation in H2O2-treated endothelium.
|
GSE (grape seed extract) has been shown to exhibit protective effects against cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis, although the underlying molecular mechanisms of action are unknown. Herein, we assessed the ability of GSE to enhance eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) expression and NO (nitric oxide) production in H2O2 (hydrogen peroxide)-treated HUVECs (human umbilical vein endothelial cells). GSE enhanced eNOS expression and NO release in H2O2-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner. GSE inhibited intracellular ROS (reactive oxygen species) and reduced intracellular calcium in a dose-dependent manner in H2O2-treated cells, as shown by confocal microscopy. ROS was inhibited in cells pretreated with 5.0 microM GSE, 2.0 microM TG (thapsigargin) and 20.0 microM 2-APB (2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate) instead of 0.25 microM extracellular calcium. In addition, GSE enhanced eNOS expression and reduced ROS production via increasing p-AKT (AKT phosphorylation) with high extracellular calcium (13 mM). In conclusion, GSE protected against endothelial injury by up-regulation of eNOS and NO expression via inhibiting InsP3Rs (inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors)-mediated intracellular excessive calcium release and by activating p-AKT in endothelial cells.
|
['Biflavonoids', 'Boron Compounds', 'Calcium', 'Catechin', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Grape Seed Extract', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate', 'Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Phosphorylation', 'Proanthocyanidins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Thapsigargin', 'Umbilical Veins', 'Up-Regulation']
| 20,513,234
|
[['D03.383.663.283.266.450.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.190'], ['D01.132', 'D02.203'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D03.383.663.283.240.190', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.206', 'D03.633.100.150.240.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.206'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.436.275'], ['G05.308'], ['D20.215.784.500.400', 'D26.667.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D02.033.800.519.400.350', 'D09.853.519.400.350', 'D09.894.480.350'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.760', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.760', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.760', 'D12.776.826.179'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.700', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.700', 'D05.750.078.937.429'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.284.500.888', 'D02.455.849.765.674.500.750.888', 'D04.663.500.750.888'], ['A07.015.908.670.874', 'A16.378.693.807'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The independent effects of atmospheric pressure and oxygen partial pressure on gas exchange of the chicken embryo.
|
CO2 production and air cell PCO2 were continuously measured during late development in the chicken egg while acutely exposed from one to three hours to various O2 concentrations ranging from 11 to 39%. A small but significant increase in metabolism, ca. 8%, was found when O2 concentration was above normal values, while a reduction to 70% was observed when O2 concentrations were below normal, and fell to 50% when maintained for three hours. These values were also compared with metabolic rates reported by Lokhorst and Romijn (1965, 1967)) who incubated eggs continuously at reduced O2 concentrations as well as under reduced barometric pressure, and showed that at the same ambient PO2 the metabolism was significantly higher in the eggs at reduced barometric pressure. We attribute this difference to the increased diffusion coefficient of O2 which is inversely related to the barometric pressure. It illustrates that the ambient partial pressure of O2 and ambient atmospheric pressure exert an independent effect upon gas exchange of the avian embryo.
|
['Animals', 'Atmospheric Pressure', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Chick Embryo', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Oxygen', 'Time Factors']
| 7,361,018
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.750.274', 'N06.230.300.100.185'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Risk of asthma exacerbation associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in childhood asthma: A nationwide population-based cohort study in Taiwan.
|
Patients allergic to aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) who develop respiratory reactions such as bronchospasm or asthma exacerbation have aspirin-induced asthma or NSAIDs-exacerbated respiratory disease. However, large-scale studies have not been conducted to investigate the risk of aspirin/NSAIDs exposure in children with asthma. Therefore, this study evaluated the relationship between aspirin/NSAIDs and the risk of asthma exacerbation in children with asthma.This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of 1 million random beneficiaries of the Taiwan National Health Insurance program between 1997 and 2012. Children aged ?18 years diagnosed with asthma by physicians were enrolled. The study population was divided into the index group (concurrently using antiasthmatic agents and NSAIDs patients) and reference group (using antiasthmatic drugs alone), and the relative risks (RRs) of hospitalizations resulting from asthma exacerbation in both groups were estimated.The rate of asthma exacerbation was higher in the index group than the reference group, resulting in asthma-related hospitalizations (RR: 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37-1.61; adjusted RR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.30-1.53). Short-term aspirin, ibuprofen, and diclofenac use probably correlated with asthma exacerbation in children with asthma. No association between long-term aspirin, ibuprofen, and diclofenac consumption and the risk of asthma exacerbation was identified in this study.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Asthma', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Population Surveillance', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Taiwan']
| 27,741,128
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Identification of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase in the vertebrate retina.
|
The enzyme, 2':3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (2':3'-cNMP-3'-ase) has been used as a marker in the nervous system for the presence of myelin membrane or myelin-producing glial cells. In this study, goldfish and bovine neural retinas are found to have high levels of such a diesterase activity. Analysis of retinal tissue incubated with 2':3'-cAMP shows only 2'-AMP as the reaction product, indicating the selective hydrolysis of the cyclic nucleotide. Microdissection of the goldfish retina demonstrates the highest 2':3'-cNMP-3'-ase activity in the region of the photoreceptors. A fraction enriched in bovine rod outer segments has about a 5-fold increase in specific enzyme activity when compared to whole retina preparations. These data suggest that 2':3'-cNMP-3'-ase is either closely associated with or is an intrinsic feature of vertebrate photoreceptor elements. The retina, which contains this enzyme, may serve as a model to investigate the influence of 2':3'-cyclic nucleotides on a function of the nervous system.
|
["2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases", 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyprinidae', 'Goldfish', 'Hydrolysis', 'Optic Nerve', 'Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases', 'Photoreceptor Cells', 'Retina']
| 6,248,510
|
[['D08.811.277.352.640.160'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.248.480'], ['G02.380'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['D08.811.277.352.640'], ['A08.675.650.850.625', 'A08.675.650.915.937', 'A08.800.950.937', 'A09.371.729.831.625', 'A11.671.650.850.625', 'A11.671.650.915.937'], ['A09.371.729']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Examining the relative activity of several dicistrovirus intergenic internal ribosome entry site elements in uninfected insect and mammalian cell lines.
|
Comparisons of the relative activities of 11 intergenic region (IGR) internal ribosome entry site (IRES) elements of insect dicistrovirus with 5' IRES elements of the hepatitis C and encephalomyocarditis viruses were performed in insect and mammalian cells. Dual luciferase assays were performed to determine the most effective dicistrovirus IGR IRES in the lepidopteran cell lines Sf9 (Spodoptera frugiperda) and BmN (Bombyx mori), and the dipteran cell lines S2 (Drosophila melanogaster) and ATC-10 (Aedes aegypti). Evaluation of dual luciferase expression from DNA plasmids and in vitro-transcribed RNA revealed apparent splicing with certain IRES elements. Though IRES activity depended upon the cell line examined, the black queen cell and Drosophila C dicistrovirus intergenic IRES elements were most effective for coupled gene expression in the diverse insect cell lines examined.
|
['Aedes', 'Animals', 'Bombyx', 'Cell Line', 'DNA, Intergenic', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Enhancer Elements, Genetic', 'Humans', 'Insect Viruses', 'Luciferases', 'Plasmids', 'RNA Splicing', 'RNA Viruses', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'Ribosomes', 'Spodoptera']
| 19,008,405
|
[['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308.324', 'G05.360.340.024.220'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.330', 'G05.360.080.689.330', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.525'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['B04.820'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The dose distribution close to an 192Ir wire source: EGS4 Monte Carlo calculations.
|
A Monte Carlo simulation using the PRESTA version of the EGS4 code has been employed as an investigative tool to calculate the absorbed dose in water close to 192Ir wire implants. It has been shown that a treatment planning system, such as GE Target II, using the Sievert integral and the Meisberger polynomial is only able to reproduce the Monte Carlo results at radial distance of 1 mm and farther away. The Sievert integral used with the Meisberger polynomial is proven to be in good agreement with the Monte Carlo generated data at distances between 1 mm and 1 cm.
|
['Brachytherapy', 'Electrons', 'Humans', 'Iridium Radioisotopes', 'Methylmethacrylate', 'Methylmethacrylates', 'Monte Carlo Method', 'Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Recurrence']
| 9,044,421
|
[['E02.815.150'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.496.749.500'], ['D02.241.081.069.800.550.450', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.605.450', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.605.450', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.605.450'], ['D02.241.081.069.800.550', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.605', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.605', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.605'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525'], ['C04.588.443.665.710.650', 'C07.550.350.650', 'C07.550.745.650', 'C09.647.710.650', 'C09.775.350.650', 'C09.775.549.650'], ['E07.671'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Proximal composition, lipid and cholesterol content of meat from pigs fed peach-palm meal (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) and synthetic lysine].
|
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the proximal composition, lipids and cholesterol content of meat from pigs fed diets with peach-palm meal (PPM), with or without addition of synthetic lysine (LYS). In experiment 1, 24 pigs were randomly allotted into six treatments with three levels of PPM (0.16 and 32%) and two levels of LYS (0 and 0.27%). In experiment II, 16 finishing pigs were fed with two levels of PPM (0 and 17.50%) and two levels of LYS (0 and 0.27%). At the end of each experiment (42 and 35 d, respectively), pigs were slaughtered and loin samples were obtained to determine crude protein, dry matter, moisture, ash, total lipids, and cholesterol content. In experiment I, pork loin from 16% PPM had more dry matter (26.45 g/100 g) and less moisture (73.49 g/100g) than pork loin from 32% PPM (25.11 y 75.03 g/100g, respectively). Meat samples from pigs without LYS had higher (p < 0.05) content of lipids (2.11 g/100 g) than meat from pigs that consumed LYS (1.72 g/100 g). In experiment II, the proximal, lipids and cholesterol content were similar among treatments. The PPM addition to pig diets did not affect the proximal composition of pork, while LYS addition indicated a reduction of total lipids, which could result as an alternative to obtain leaner meat.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Arecaceae', 'Cholesterol', 'Lipids', 'Lysine', 'Meat', 'Swine']
| 22,097,296
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.093'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D10'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Longitudinal Changes in Optic Nerve Head Blood Flow in Normal Rats Evaluated by Laser Speckle Flowgraphy.
|
Purpose: To investigate longitudinal changes in mean blur rate (MBR) measured by laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) in the rat optic nerve head (ONH), and the reproducibility of MBR.Methods: Rats were dilated under general anesthesia. Intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure, ocular perfusion pressure (OPP), heart rate, and LSFG were measured 30 minutes later. Mean blur rate in the ONH was determined using LSFG-Micro and was subdivided into MBR of the total area (MA), vessel region (MV), and tissue region (MT). Mean blur rate measurements were repeated at 10, 11, 13, 19, and 20 weeks, then every 5 weeks until 60 weeks of age. Intrasession repeatability, intrasession reproducibility, and intersession reproducibility were evaluated.Results: Coefficient of variation of MBR was 0.3 to 6.2%, 1.3 to 5.2%, and 5.8 to 30.4% for intrasession repeatability, intrasession reproducibility, and intersession reproducibility, respectively. Mean blur rate of the total area, MV, and MT increased similarly until 19 weeks of age, but stabilized thereafter until 60 weeks. Mean blur rate of the total area in the inferior quadrant was significantly higher than in the temporal quadrant from 19 to 55 weeks. These changes exceeded a range of corresponding coefficient of reproducibility. There were no significant changes in IOP, blood pressure, or OPP during the experimental period.Conclusions: Mean blur rate in the rat ONH changed over time, increased from 10 to 19 weeks of age, then stabilized until 60 weeks. Mean blur rate of the total area exhibited regional differences: higher in the inferior quadrant than in the temporal quadrant. Laser speckle flowgraphy-Micro may provide reliable information for evaluating longitudinal changes of rat ONH blood flow.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Heart Rate', 'Laser-Doppler Flowmetry', 'Male', 'Microcirculation', 'Optic Disk', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred BN', 'Reference Values', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 27,768,795
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['E01.370.370.475', 'E05.830.500'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.110', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.110'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Prospective evaluation of the Sedation-Agitation Scale for adult critically ill patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: Subjective scales to assess agitation and sedation in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients have rarely been tested for validity or reliability. We revised and prospectively tested the Sedation-Agitation Scale (SAS) for interrater reliability and compared it with the Ramsay scale and the Harris scale to test construct validity.DESIGN: A convenience sample of ICU patients was simultaneously and independently examined by pairs of trained evaluators by using the revised SAS, Ramsay, and Harris Scales.SETTING: Multidisciplinary 34-bed ICU in a nonuniversity, academic medical center.PATIENTS: Forty-five ICU patients (surgical and medical) were examined a total of 69 times by evaluator pairs.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The mean patient age was 63.2 yrs, 36% were female, and 71% were intubated. When classified by using SAS, 45% were anxious or agitated (SAS 5 to 7), 26% were calm (SAS 4), and 29% were sedated (SAS 1 to 3). Interrater correlation was high for SAS (r2 = .83; p < .001) and the weighted kappa score for interrater agreement was 0.92 (p < .001). Of 41 assessments scored as Ramsay 1, 49% scored SAS 6, 41% were SAS 5, 5% were SAS 4, and 2% each were SAS 3 or 7. SAS was highly correlated with the Ramsay (r2 = .83; p < .001) and Harris (r2 = .86; p < .001) scales.CONCLUSIONS: SAS is both reliable (high interrater agreement) and valid (high correlation with the Harris and Ramsay scales) in assessing agitation and sedation in adult ICU patients. SAS provides additional information by stratifying agitation into three categories (compared with one for the Ramsay scale) without sacrificing validity or reliability.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Intubation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Observer Variation', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychometrics', 'Psychomotor Agitation', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 10,446,827
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E02.585', 'E05.497'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F04.711.780'], ['C10.597.350.600', 'C10.597.606.881.700', 'C23.888.592.350.600', 'C23.888.592.604.882.700', 'F01.700.875.700'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Consolidation anti-CD22 fractionated radioimmunotherapy with 90
|
BACKGROUND: Radioimmunotherapy represents a potential option as consolidation after chemoimmunotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma who are not candidates for transplantation. We aimed to assess activity and toxicity of fractionated radioimmunotherapy using anti-CD22 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan as consolidation after front-line induction chemoimmunotherapy in untreated elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.METHODS: We did a prospective, single-group, phase 2 trial at 28 hospitals in France, with patients recruited from 17 hospitals. Eligible patients were aged 60-80 years with bulky stage 2-3 or stage 3-4 CD20-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, previously untreated, and not eligible for transplantation. Patients received six cycles of R-CHOP (rituximab [375 mg/m2], cyclophosphamide [750 mg/m2], doxorubicin [50 mg/m2], and vincristine [1·4 mg/m2, up to 2 mg] all on day 1, and prednisone [40 mg/m2] daily for 5 days), administered every 14 days. 6-8 weeks after R-CHOP, responders received two doses of 15 mCi/m2 (555 MBq/m2) 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan administered 1 week apart. The primary endpoint was 2 year event-free survival in all registered eligible patients who received at least 1 day of study treatment; the safety analysis was done in the same population. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00906841.FINDINGS: Between Oct 22, 2008, and Dec 16, 2010, we recruited 75 patients, of whom four (5%) were excluded after central pathology review; hence, 71 (95%) patients were included in the analysis. All patients started induction treatment; 57 (80%) received radioimmunotherapy. With a median follow-up of 37 months (IQR 30-44), the estimated 2 year event-free survival was 75% (95% CI 63-84). Radioimmunotherapy toxicity consisted of grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia in 48 (84%) of 57 patients and neutropenia in 45 (79%) of 57 patients. One patient developed myelodysplastic syndrome 28 months after receiving radioimmunotherapy and one patient developed acute myeloid leukaemia 5 months after receiving radioimmunotherapy.INTERPRETATION: Fractionated radioimmunotherapy with 90Y-epratuzumab tetraxetan might be appropriate for response consolidation after induction chemotherapy in older patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, but further comparative studies are needed.FUNDING: Immunomedics, Amgen, Cancerop?le Grand Ouest, the GOELAMS/LYSA group and the French National Agency for Research (Investissements d'Avenir).
|
['Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Doxorubicin', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prednisone', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radioimmunotherapy', 'Rituximab', 'Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vincristine', 'Yttrium Radioisotopes']
| 27,964,867
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284'], ['D27.505.954.248.384'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.095.465.425.750', 'E02.186.750', 'E02.815.520'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284.785'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.810', 'D12.776.503.921.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.810', 'D23.050.301.350.720'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.817'], ['D01.268.558.975.500.800', 'D01.268.956.890.500.800', 'D01.496.749.960', 'D01.496.943.800', 'D01.552.550.975.500.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Protective properties of five newly synthesized cyclic compounds against sodium azide and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine genotoxicity.
|
The current study aims to determine the antimutagenic potential of five newly synthesized cyclic compounds against the genotoxic agents sodium azide (NaN₃) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). The mutant bacterial tester strains were NaN₃-sensitive Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 and MNNG-sensitive Escherichia coli WP2uvrA. According to the results, all the test compounds showed significant antimutagenic activity. The inhibition rates ranged from 26.05% (Compound 4-1 µg/plate) to 68.54% (Compound 5-0.01 µg/plate) for NaN₃ and from 32.44% (Compound 3-1 µg/plate) to 60.77% (Compound 5-1 µg/plate) for MNNG genotoxicity. Moreover, the mutagenic potential of the test compounds was investigated using the same strains. The results showed that all the test compounds do not have mutagenic potential on the bacterial strains at the tested concentrations. Thus, the findings of the present study give valuable information about chemical prevention from NaN₃ and MNNG genotoxicity.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Antimutagenic Agents', 'Escherichia coli', 'Heterocyclic Compounds', 'Methylnitronitrosoguanidine', 'Mutagenicity Tests', 'Mutagens', 'Mutation', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Sodium Azide']
| 21,967,842
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.696.706.080', 'D27.720.799.042'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03'], ['D02.078.370.649.400', 'D02.654.567.400'], ['E05.393.560', 'E05.940.560'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['D01.625.100.750', 'D01.857.462']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Vulvar pythiosis in two captive camels (Camelus dromedarius).
|
Two camels (Camelus dromedarius), 3- and 4-years-old, respectively, from an eastern Tennessee wildlife farm presented with persistent weight loss and large vulvar masses. An initial biopsy of the vulvar mass of one of the camels performed by a local veterinarian showed eosinophilic dermatitis. An allergic or parasitic dermatitis was suspected. The two camels were treated with one dose of sodium iodide (66 mg/kg, in 1.0 L of normosolR, IV) and ivermectin 1% (200 ug/kg PO). Upon presentation at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Tennessee, additional biopsies of the masses again revealed eosinophilic dermatitis. Microscopic examination of a Gomori methenamine silver (GMS)-stained section prepared from the biopsy of one of the camels revealed the presence of fungal-like hyphae of a mold which was suspected to be Pythium insidiosum. The vulvar masses were surgically debulked in both animals and sodium iodide and Pythium-immunotherapy prescribed. Pythium insidiosum was isolated in culture and hyphae elements were detected in histological sections confirming the diagnosis of pythiosis in both animals. Despite signs of progressive healing of the vulvar surgical areas, postoperative persistent weight lost in one of the camels suggested the possibility of gastro intestinal (GI) tract pythiosis. This camel died 5 months after the first onset of clinical signs and unfortunately a necropsy was not performed. The other camel responded well to the combination of surgery, iodides, and immunotherapy and has currently rejoined the other members of the herd.
|
['Animals', 'Camelus', 'Female', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Pythiosis', 'Pythium', 'Tennessee', 'Vulvar Diseases']
| 21,696,258
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.190.180'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['C01.610.701.844', 'C22.761'], ['B01.750.580.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.775'], ['C13.351.500.944']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
[In vitro differentiation of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells into neuron-like cells induced by vitamin A acid etc].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of inducing rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) to differentiate into neuron-like cells with the use of Vitamin A acid, zinc and rat injured spinal cord extracts in vitro.METHODS: The BMSC were isolated from rat, cultured for 4 passages, and were treated with 10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) for 24 h before induction. Then the medium was replaced by an induction media containing Vitamin A acid, zinc and rat injured spinal cord extracts. The morphological changes of the cells were observed. At day 12 of induction, the cells were stained immunocytochemically with neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament (NF) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) antibodies.RESULTS: At day 12 of induction, a certain number of BMSC became neuron-like cells and showed NSE and NF expression. But the neuron-like cells did not express GFAP.CONCLUSION: The BMSC can be induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells with the use of Vitamin A acid, zinc and rat injured spinal cord extracts.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Division', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Neurofilament Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Stem Cells', 'Tretinoin', 'Zinc']
| 12,910,667
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['D05.750.078.593.630', 'D12.776.220.475.630', 'D12.776.631.630'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['A11.872'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development and evaluation of a novel MR-compatible pelvic end-to-end phantom.
|
MR-only treatment planning and MR-IGRT leverage MRI's powerful soft tissue contrast for high-precision radiation therapy. However, anthropomorphic MR-compatible phantoms are currently limited. This work describes the development and evaluation of a custom-designed, modular, pelvic end-to-end (PETE) MR-compatible phantom to benchmark MR-only and MR-IGRT workflows. For construction considerations, subject data were assessed for phantom/skeletal geometry and internal organ kinematics to simulate average male pelvis anatomy. Various materials for the bone, bladder, and rectum were evaluated for utility within the phantom. Once constructed, PETE underwent CT-SIM, MR-Linac, and MR-SIM imaging to qualitatively assess organ visibility. Scans were acquired with various bladder and rectal volumes to assess component interactions, filling capabilities, and filling reproducibility via volume and centroid differences. PETE simulates average male pelvis anatomy and comprises an acrylic body oval (height/width = 23.0/38.1 cm) and a cast-mold urethane skeleton, with silicone balloons simulating bladder and rectum, a silicone sponge prostate, and hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) foam to simulate fat/tissue separation between organs. Access ports enable retrofitting the phantom with other inserts including point/film-based dosimetry options. Acceptable contrast was achievable in CT-SIM and MR-Linac images. However, the bladder was challenging to distinguish from background in CT-SIM. The desired contrast for T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR-SIM (dark and bright bladders, respectively) was achieved. Rectum and bone exhibited no MR signal. Inputted volumes differed by <5 and <10 mL from delineated rectum (CT-SIM) and bladder (MR-SIM) volumes. Increasing bladder and rectal volumes induced organ displacements and shape variations. Reproduced volumes differed by <4.5 mL, with centroid displacements <1.4 mm. A point dose measurement with an MR-compatible ion chamber in an MR-Linac was within 1.5% of expected. A novel, modular phantom was developed with suitable materials and properties that accurately and reproducibly simulate status changes with multiple dosimetry options. Future work includes integrating more realistic organ models to further expand phantom options.
|
['Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Organs at Risk', 'Particle Accelerators', 'Pelvis', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 30,411,477
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A01.635'], ['E07.710.680'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E07.671'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biosolids recycling impact on biofilm extracellular enzyme activity and performance of hybrid rotating biological reactors.
|
Biological processes for wastewater treatment is limited by extracellular enzyme activity (EEA) of the biofilm on polymeric substrates. The efficiency of biodegradation / biosorption mechanisms causing EEA and organic load removal in biofilms remains unknown. Our hypothesis was that the limiting step of biological process can be overcome by biostimulation and/or bioaugmentation of the return sludge in hybrid biofilm reactors, which leads to competition between suspended and attached bacteria and lower effective substrate to microrganism ratio. Therefore, we considered more active biosolids to perform best at enhancing reactor removal rate. To test this, the efficacy of recycling distinct bio-solids types considered to have different bacterial activity such as final effluent (FE), humus solids (HS) and recycle activated sludge (RAS) on performance improvements of rotating biofilm reactors (RBRs). These bio-solids were investigated under high organic loading rates (OLR) and solids loading rates (SLR) using pilot scale reactors receiving real municipal wastewaters. Controlled overloading of RBRs revealed that EEA improved with increasing OLR/SLR. High SLR (>3.3 kg Total Suspended Solids m-2 d-1) delayed and decreased the reduction of organic and inorganic removal rates in the biological processes which commonly occurs under high OLRs. This effect was more pronounced in the highest activity solids (RAS > HS > FE) suggesting the activity and function of bio-solids was critical to improve performance of RBRs. High OLR and SLR induced efficient denitrification and organics removal within the biofilm reactor at residence times of <5 min. Recycling active solids permitted EEA despite overloading which was critical to the performance of the RBRs.
|
['Biofilms', 'Bioreactors', 'Biosolids', 'Nitrogen', 'Sewage', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid']
| 31,846,875
|
[['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['D20.944.730.500'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Sensitive chiral high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for labetalol in biological fluids.
|
The four stereoisomers of the combined alpha- and beta-adrenoceptor antagonist labetalol were separated and quantified at therapeutic concentrations by normal-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography using a chiral stationary phase and fluorescence detection. Drug in plasma or urine was recovered by solid-phase extraction with 83+/-5% efficiency. Limits of detection from biological samples (3 ml) were between 1.5-1.8 ng ml(-1). Intra-day and inter-day variation at 25 ng ml(-1) were < or = 2.7% and < or = 5.80% respectively for all stereoisomers. The assay was applied to an examination of the disposition of labetalol stereoisomers after a single oral dose of racemate to a human volunteer. Labetalol appears to undergo enantioselective metabolism leading to relatively low plasma concentrations of the pharmacologically active enantiomers.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Adult', 'Body Fluids', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Labetalol', 'Male', 'Microchemistry', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 9,518,153
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A12.207'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.033.100.291.460', 'D02.065.793.324', 'D02.092.063.291.460'], ['E05.196.620', 'H01.181.650'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Limited synergy of obesity and hypertension, prevalent risk factors in onset and progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
|
Obesity and hypertension are prevalent comorbidities in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. To clarify if and how interaction between these comorbidities contributes to development of diastolic dysfunction, lean and obese ZSF1 rats were treated with deoxycorticosterone acetate implants and a high-salt diet (DS) to induce severe hypertension, or with placebo. In addition to echocardiographic, metabolic and hemodynamic analyses, immunohistochemistry and RNAseq were performed on left ventricular tissue. Obesity negatively affected cardiac output, led to an elevated E/e' ratio and mildly reduced ejection fraction. DS-induced hypertension did not affect cardiac output and minimally elevated E/e' ratio. Diastolic derangements in placebo-treated obese rats developed in absence of inflammation and fibrosis, yet in presence of oxidative stress and hypertrophic remodelling. In contrast, hypertension triggered apoptosis, inflammation and fibrosis, with limited synergy of the comorbidities observed for inflammation and fibrosis. Transcriptional data suggested that these comorbidities exerted opposite effects on mitochondrial function. In placebo-treated obese rats, genes involved in fatty acid metabolism were up-regulated, whereas DS-induced a down-regulation of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. Overall, limited interaction was observed between these comorbidities in development of diastolic dysfunction. Importantly, differences in obesity- and hypertension-induced cardiac remodelling emphasize the necessity for comorbidity-specific phenotypical characterization.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Capillaries', 'Desoxycorticosterone Acetate', 'Disease Progression', 'Fatty Acids', 'Fibrosis', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Heart Failure', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Mitochondria', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Obesity', 'Oxidative Phosphorylation', 'Oxidative Stress', 'RNA-Seq', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Leptin', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke Volume', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta1', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 31,368,189
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.339.700', 'D06.472.040.585.611.700'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D10.251'], ['C23.550.355'], ['G05.308'], ['C14.280.434'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G02.111.665.550', 'G03.295.631', 'G03.796.550'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.393.332.250', 'E05.393.760.319.500', 'E05.393.760.710.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.650.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['D12.644.276.374.687.100', 'D12.644.276.954.775.100', 'D12.776.467.374.687.100', 'D12.776.467.942.775.100', 'D23.529.374.687.100', 'D23.529.942.775.100'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Field-Applicable Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae.
|
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is a highly contagious disease caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae that affects goats in Africa and Asia. Current available methods for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma infection, including cultivation, serological assays, and PCR, are time-consuming and require fully equipped stationary laboratories, which make them incompatible with testing in the resource-poor settings that are most relevant to this disease. We report a rapid, specific, and sensitive assay employing isothermal DNA amplification using recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for the detection of M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. We developed the assay using a specific target sequence in M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae, as found in the genome sequence of the field strain ILRI181 and the type strain F38 and that was further evidenced in 10 field strains from different geographical regions. Detection limits corresponding to 5 ? 10(3) and 5 ? 10(4) cells/ml were obtained using genomic DNA and bacterial culture from M. capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae strain ILRI181, while no amplification was obtained from 71 related Mycoplasma isolates or from the Acholeplasma or the Pasteurella isolates, demonstrating a high degree of specificity. The assay produces a fluorescent signal within 15 to 20 min and worked well using pleural fluid obtained directly from CCPP-positive animals without prior DNA extraction. We demonstrate that the diagnosis of CCPP can be achieved, with a short sample preparation time and a simple read-out device that can be powered by a car battery, in <45 min in a simulated field setting.
|
['Animals', 'Goats', 'Molecular Diagnostic Techniques', 'Mycoplasma capricolum', 'Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques', 'Pleuropneumonia, Contagious', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Time Factors', 'Veterinary Medicine']
| 26,085,615
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['E01.370.225.880', 'E05.200.880', 'E05.393.520'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553.210'], ['E05.393.620'], ['C01.150.252.400.610.610.717', 'C22.717'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G01.910.857'], ['H02.956']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome: single centre experiences.
|
This study was conducted to report 10 cases of Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome (FHCS) diagnosed with CT and 101 cases of FHCS-like lesion that suggested perihepatitis during laparoscopic surgery. We reviewed retrospectively the images of 3,674 laparoscopies for obstetrical and gynaecological diseases and analysed 10 cases of FHCS diagnosed by clinical patterns and CT. All the 10 cases showed liver capsular enhancement on CT. Among the 3,674 laparoscopies, we found 101 cases (2.7%) with FHCS like lesion. Among them, 23 cases were during laparoscopic procedure for endometriosis, 16 for gynaecological malignant tumours, 16 for benign adnexal diseases excluding endometriosis, 13 for uterine leiomyoma, 7 for pelvic inflammatory disease, 2 had peritoneal tuberculosis and 21 for other gynaecological diseases. Further consideration should be given for the causes of FHCS other than N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis. Because FHCS may represent various clinical phases, other considerations and clinical classifications are necessary for treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Hepatitis', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Pelvic Inflammatory Disease', 'Syndrome', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 20,373,931
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C06.552.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C01.635.500', 'C13.351.500.056.750'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alpha- and beta-keratins of the snake epidermis.
|
Snake scales contain specialized hard keratins (beta-keratins) and alpha- or cyto-keratins in their epidermis. The number, isoelectric point, and the evolution of these proteins in snakes and their similarity with those of other vertebrates are not known. In the present study, alpha- and beta-keratins of snake molts and of the whole epidermis have been studied by using two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunocytochemistry. Specific keratins in snake epidermis have been identified by using antibodies that recognize acidic and basic cytokeratins and avian or lizard scale beta-keratin. Alpha keratins of 40-70 kDa and isoelectric point (pI) at 4.5-7.0 are present in molts. The study suggests that cytokeratins in snakes are acidic or neutral, in contrast to mammals and birds where basic keratins are also present. Beta keratins of 10-15 kDa and a pI of 6.5-8.5 are found in molts. Some beta-keratins appear as basic proteins (pI 8.2) comparable to those present in the epidermis of other reptiles. Some basic "beta-keratins" associate with cytokeratins as matrix proteins and replace cytokeratins forming the corneous material of the mature beta-layer of snake scales, as in other reptiles. The study also suggests that more forms of beta-keratins (more than three different types) are present in the epidermis of snakes.
|
['Animals', 'Boidae', 'Colubridae', 'Epidermis', 'Keratins']
| 17,169,542
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.750'], ['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Histidine-rich glycoprotein binds fibrin(ogen) with high affinity and competes with thrombin for binding to the gamma'-chain.
|
Histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) is an abundant protein that binds fibrinogen and other plasma proteins in a Zn(2+)-dependent fashion but whose function is unclear. HRG has antimicrobial activity, and its incorporation into fibrin clots facilitates bacterial entrapment and killing and promotes inflammation. Although these findings suggest that HRG contributes to innate immunity and inflammation, little is known about the HRG-fibrin(ogen) interaction. By immunoassay, HRG-fibrinogen complexes were detected in Zn(2+)-supplemented human plasma, a finding consistent with a high affinity interaction. Surface plasmon resonance determinations support this concept and show that in the presence of Zn(2+), HRG binds the predominant ã(A)/ã(A)-fibrinogen and the ã-chain elongated isoform, ã(A)/ã'-fibrinogen, with K(d) values of 9 nm. Likewise, (125)I-labeled HRG binds ã(A)/ã(A)- or ã(A)/ã'-fibrin clots with similar K(d) values when Zn(2+) is present. There are multiple HRG binding sites on fibrin(ogen) because HRG binds immobilized fibrinogen fragment D or E and ã'-peptide, an analog of the COOH terminus of the ã'-chain that mediates the high affinity interaction of thrombin with ã(A)/ã'-fibrin. Thrombin competes with HRG for ã'-peptide binding and displaces (125)I-HRG from ã(A)/ã'-fibrin clots and vice versa. Taken together, these data suggest that (a) HRG circulates in complex with fibrinogen and that the complex persists upon fibrin formation, and (b) by competing with thrombin for ã(A)/ã'-fibrin binding, HRG may modulate coagulation. Therefore, the HRG-fibrin interaction may provide a novel link between coagulation, innate immunity, and inflammation.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fibrin', 'Fibrinogen', 'Fibrinogens, Abnormal', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Peptides', 'Protein Binding', 'Proteins', 'Surface Plasmon Resonance', 'Thrombin', 'Zinc']
| 21,757,718
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D12.776.124.270'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['D12.776.124.050.250.265', 'D12.776.124.125.500.265', 'D23.119.490.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.196.890', 'E05.601.043.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.855', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.855', 'D12.776.124.125.890', 'D23.119.960'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Authentication of Valeriana procera Kunth and comparative account of five Valeriana species.
|
Valeriana procera Kunth (Mexican Valerian) is a commercially important species, sometimes used as a substitute for Valeriana officinalis L., an important sedative in herbal medicine. A detailed macroscopic and microscopic account was provided for V. procera Kunth and a comparison was made between the wild and cultivated samples of V. procera Kunth. Macro- and microscopic comparative analyses were performed to differentiate V. procera Kunth from V. officinalis L. and other commercially important Valerian species such as V. jatamansi Jones, Valeriana edulis Nutt, and V. sitchensis Bong.
|
['Chemistry Techniques, Analytical', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Microscopy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plant Roots', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Species Specificity', 'Starch', 'Valerian']
| 16,526,441
|
[['E05.196'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.400'], ['B01.650.560'], ['G16.824'], ['D05.750.078.562.855', 'D09.301.915', 'D09.698.365.855'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.328.937.888']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Wilson's disease: a prospective study of psychopathology in 31 cases.
|
A prospective neuropsychiatric study of 31 consecutive subjects with Wilson's disease is reported. Exploratory factor analysis yielded four factors: neurological, cognitive, hepatic/depressive and psychiatric. Significant associations were found between a 'psychopathic' personality factor and neurological and dysarthria scores. The d' and beta coefficients of a signal-detection memory task dissociated: the former correlated only with Mini-Mental State and Benton visuospatial task; and the latter with depressive symptoms. Using discriminant function analysis, there was efficient classification of 'psychopathic' personality by dysarthria, and of individual depressive symptoms by disturbance of gait. Biochemical markers of hepatic dysfunction were significantly associated with certain depressive symptoms. No evidence emerged to support the putative association with schizophrenia-like psychosis.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hepatolenticular Degeneration', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neurocognitive Disorders', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 2,597,916
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C06.552.413', 'C10.228.140.079.493', 'C10.228.140.163.100.360', 'C10.228.662.400', 'C10.574.500.487', 'C16.320.400.361', 'C16.320.565.189.360', 'C16.320.565.618.403', 'C18.452.132.100.360', 'C18.452.648.189.360', 'C18.452.648.618.403'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.615'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Association with outcomes and response to treatment of trimethylamine N-oxide in heart failure: results from BIOSTAT-CHF.
|
AIMS: Association of elevated circulating levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) with adverse outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) has been described. However, response of TMAO levels to treatment and medications has not been investigated. Therefore, we investigated whether TMAO levels are responsive to guideline-recommended treatment and medications, and further reflect changes in outcomes.METHODS AND RESULTS: TMAO levels were investigated in the systems BIOlogy Study to TAilored Treatment in Chronic Heart Failure (BIOSTAT-CHF), which addressed response to guideline-recommended pharmacological treatment. TMAO levels in 2234 patients with new-onset or progressively worsening HF showed strong associations with adverse events (mortality and/or rehospitalisation) at 1, 2 and 3 years [hazard ratio (HR) 1.37-1.51, P ? 0.019). Analysis of 972 patients with plasma available at both enrolment and follow-up visit showed reductions of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels with guideline-based treatment (P < 0.001), but not for TMAO levels. Moreover, patients with higher TMAO levels than median before and after treatment showed increased association with adverse outcomes [HR 2.21, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.43-3.43, P < 0.001] compared to patients with lower than median levels either before or after treatment (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.63-2.04, P = 0.684 and HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.64-2.03, P = 0.662, respectively).CONCLUSION: TMAO levels were associated with adverse outcomes (mortality and/or rehospitalisation) in BIOSTAT-CHF, and did not respond to guideline-based pharmacological treatment in contrast to BNP levels which did as expected. Lower TMAO levels were associated with favourable outcome regardless of treatment.
|
['Biomarkers, Pharmacological', 'Disease Progression', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medication Therapy Management', 'Methylamines', 'Middle Aged', 'Natriuretic Peptide, Brain', 'Observational Studies as Topic', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Risk Assessment']
| 30,370,976
|
[['D23.101.137'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['Z01.542'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.421.668.438', 'N03.219.521.576.343.575.500.500', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840.938.500', 'N04.590.661'], ['D02.092.668'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.584.625', 'D12.644.548.585.625', 'D12.776.631.590'], ['E05.318.372.250.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.500'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
COSMIC(90): an improved molecular mechanics treatment of hydrocarbons and conjugated systems.
|
Four modifications to the COSMIC molecular mechanics force field are described, which greatly increase both its versatility and the accuracy of calculated conformational energies. The Hill non-bonded van der Waals potential function has been replaced by a two-parameter Morse curve and a new H-H potential, similar to that in MM3, incorporated. Hydrocarbon energies in particular are much improved. A simple iterative H?ckel pi-electron molecular orbital calculation allows modelling of conjugated systems. Calculated bond lengths and rotational barriers for a series of conjugated hydrocarbons and nitrogen heterocycles are shown to be as accurate as those determined by the MM2 SCF method. Explicit hydrogen-bonding potentials for H-bond acceptor-donor atom pairs have been included to give better hydrogen bond energies and lengths. The van der Waals radii of protonic hydrogens are reduced to 0.5 A and the energy well depth is increased to 1.0 kcal mol-1. Two new general atom types, N+sp2 and O-sp3, have been introduced which allow a wide variety of charged conjugated systems to be studied. A minimum of parameterisation is required, as the new types are easily included in the H?ckel scheme which automatically adjusts bond and torsional parameters according to the defined bond-order relationships.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Hydrocarbons', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Structure', 'Thermodynamics']
| 1,770,382
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['D02.455'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Wave of free calcium at fertilization in the sea urchin egg visualized with fura-2.
|
A wave front of increased free calcium traversing the egg at fertilization is demonstrated in the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus. The use of the fluorescent calcium chelator fura-2 in combination with low-light-level TV microscopy and image processing allows the visualization of the Ca2+ wave front with high spatial and temporal resolution. Such a wave is demonstrated as increased fluorescence after an excitation of 340-nm wavelength and as the reciprocal image in form of a reduced fluorescence when excited at 380 nm. The band-like appearance of the wave resembles the Ca2+ wave described for larger eggs of other species. In a dispermic egg the high resolution of the system used allows us to recognize two waves of Ca2+ originating from the respective points of sperm entry.
|
['Animals', 'Benzofurans', 'Calcium', 'Female', 'Fertilization', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Fura-2', 'Ovum', 'Sea Urchins']
| 3,365,773
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.127'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G08.686.784.277'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D03.383.129.462.285', 'D03.633.100.127.250'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['B01.050.500.408.578']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Epidural sufentanil versus intramuscular buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia. A double-blind comparative trial.
|
Epidural sufentanil 50 micrograms was compared with intramuscular buprenorphine 0.3 mg for postoperative pain relief. Patients were assigned randomly to one of two treatment groups and received both an intramuscular and epidural injection, one of which was a placebo. Onset of pain relief was faster and quality of analgesia superior during the first 2 hours in the patients who received epidural sufentanil but the duration of analgesia was longer in the buprenorphine group. Cardiovascular variables remained stable in all patients and no respiratory depression was observed. Side effects were more frequent following buprenorphine.
|
['Adult', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Buprenorphine', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Fentanyl', 'Humans', 'Injections, Epidural', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Male', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Sufentanil', 'Time Factors']
| 2,893,560
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['D03.132.577.249.150', 'D03.605.497.150', 'D03.633.400.686.150', 'D04.615.723.795.150'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D03.383.621.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.580.300'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['D03.383.621.265.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Hydrolysis of chitosan in lactic acid].
|
Effects of molecular weight and degree of acetylation on the hydrolysis of chitosan in dilute lactic acid were studied. It was demonstrated that the higher were the values of both parameters, the more rapid were the decreases in viscosity and viscosity-average molecular weight of chitosan.
|
['Acetylation', 'Chitosan', 'Hydrolysis', 'Lactic Acid', 'Molecular Weight', 'Viscosity']
| 15,283,341
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['G02.380'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The interaction of nitric oxide and prostaglandins in the control of corporal smooth muscle tone: evidence for production of a cyclooxygenase-derived endothelium-contracting factor.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the interaction of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PGs) in regulating corporal smooth muscle tone in vitro. Materials and methods Strips of rabbit corpus cavernosum were mounted in organ chambers for the measurement of isometric tension. Strips were submaximally contracted with noradrenaline and concentration-response curves (CRCs) to acetylcholine (ACh) were constructed before and after treatment with 5 micromol/L atropine, 20 micromol of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin and 10 micromol of the PGH2/thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist SQ29548. The NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors L-NG-monomethyl arginine (L-NMMA) and L-NG-nitroarginine (L-NOARG) were added to strips at tonic tension in the presence and absence of indomethacin, and after this CRCs to ACh were constructed.RESULTS: The addition of ACh to strips produced a concentration-dependent relaxation which was inhibited by atropine. Indomethacin, but not SQ29548, significantly increased relaxation to ACh. Relaxation to ACh was impaired by L-NMMA, but adding ACh to strips treated with L-NOARG resulted in contractile responses, whilst both effects were reversed by indomethacin. L-NMMA and L-NOARG led to increases in tonic tone which were unaffected by indomethacin.CONCLUSIONS: In rabbit corpus cavernosum there is a tonic release of NO which does not appear to be inhibited by a vasoconstrictor prostanoid. Endothelium-dependent relaxation to ACh results in the dual production of NO and a cyclooxygenase-derived endothelium contracting factor which acts in opposition to NO; this factor is unlikely to act on PGH2/TXA2 receptors.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic', 'Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Interactions', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Hydrazines', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Indomethacin', 'Isometric Contraction', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitroarginine', 'Norepinephrine', 'Penis', 'Prostaglandins', 'Rabbits', 'omega-N-Methylarginine']
| 11,412,231
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.605.084'], ['D27.505.519.389.310', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D10.251.355'], ['D02.442'], ['E05.481'], ['D03.633.100.473.420'], ['G11.427.494.472'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.125.068.050.587', 'D12.125.095.104.587'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.125.068.050.650', 'D12.125.095.104.650', 'D12.125.142.087.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of sequential twin screw extrusion and fungal pretreatment to release soluble nutrients from soybean residue for carotenoid production.
|
BACKGROUND: Soybean residue (okara) is an agricultural by-product, which is rich in protein and fiber. This study evaluated a novel sequential process which combined fungal pretreatment (F) and twin screw extruder (E), to hydrolyze okara. The sequence of the pretreatment steps, and extruder at screw speeds 200 rpm (200) or 600 rpm (600), were tested. Next, soluble nutrients were extracted to create Fokara, EFokara200, EFokara600, FEokara200 and FEokara600 okara media.RESULTS: All the prepared okara media could support the growth and carotenoid production by the yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides. This suggested that okara proteins and polysaccharides were successfully hydrolyzed by extrusion and fungal pretreatment, into soluble nutrients. Rhodosporidium toruloides accumulated the highest biomass of 23.7 mg mL-1 dry cell weight (DCW), when grown on FEokara600 media. This was higher as compared to commercial YPG (yeast extract-peptone-glycerol) media (18.7 mg mL-1 DCW). However, R. toruloides accumulated the highest carotenoid production of 13.2 µg mL-1 when grown on EFokara200 media as the nutrient source. This was comparable to carotenoid production of 13.1 µg mL-1 when R. toruloides was grown on YPG media.CONCLUSION: Extrusion in combination with fungal pretreatment, is a low cost process, to hydrolyze and re-use okara, for carotenoid production. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
|
['Basidiomycota', 'Carotenoids', 'Fermentation', 'Food Handling', 'Plant Extracts', 'Soybeans', 'Waste Products']
| 30,411,355
|
[['B01.300.179'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249', 'D02.455.849.131', 'D23.767.261'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750'], ['D20.944', 'N06.850.460.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of frozen/thawed embryo transfer on birthweight, macrosomia, and low birthweight rates in US singleton infants.
|
BACKGROUND: Singleton infants conceived using assisted reproductive technology have lower average birthweights than naturally conceived infants and are more likely to be born low birthweight (<2500 gr). Lower birthweights are associated with increased infant and child mortality and poor adult health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and diabetes. Data from registry and single-center studies suggest that frozen/thawed embryo transfer may be associated with larger birthweights. To date, however, a nationwide, full-population study on United States infants born using frozen/thawed embryo transfer has not been reported.OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare the effect of frozen/thawed vs fresh embryo transfer on birthweight outcomes for singleton, term infants conceived using in vitro fertilization in the United States between 2007 and 2014, including average birthweight and the risks of both macrosomia (>4000 g) and low birthweight (<2500 g).STUDY DESIGN: We used data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Assisted Reproductive Technology Surveillance System to compare birthweight outcomes of live-born singleton, autologous oocyte, term (37-43 weeks) infants. Generalized linear models for all infants and stratified by infant sex were used to assess the relationship between frozen/thawed embryo transfer and birthweight, in grams. Infertility diagnosis, year of treatment, maternal age, maternal obstetric history, maternal and paternal race, and infant gestational age and sex were included in the models. Missing race data were imputed. The adjusted relative risks for macrosomia and low birthweight were evaluated using multivariable predicted marginal proportions from logistic regression models.RESULTS: In total, 180,184 singleton, term infants were included, with 55,898 (31.02%) having been conceived from frozen/thawed embryos. Frozen/thawed embryo transfer was associated with, on average, a 142 g increase in birthweight compared with infants born after fresh embryo transfer (P < .001). An interaction between infant sex and embryo transfer type was significant (P < .0001), with frozen/thawed embryo transfer having a larger effect on male infants by 16 g. The adjusted risk of a macrosomic infant was 1.70 times higher (95% confidence interval, 1.64-1.76) following frozen/thawed embryo transfer than fresh embryo transfer. However, adjusted risk of low birthweight following frozen/thawed embryo transfer was 0.52 (95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.56) compared with fresh embryo transfer.CONCLUSION: Frozen/thawed embryo transfer, in comparison with fresh embryo transfer, was associated with increased average birthweight in singleton, autologous oocytes, term infants born in the United States, with a significant interaction between frozen/thawed embryo transfer and infant sex. The risk of macrosomia following frozen/thawed embryo transfer was greater than that following fresh embryo transfer, but the risk of low birthweight among frozen/thawed embryo transfer infants was significantly decreased in comparison with fresh embryo transfer infants.
|
['Adult', 'Birth Weight', 'Cryopreservation', 'Databases, Factual', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Fetal Macrosomia', 'Humans', 'Infant, Low Birth Weight', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Sex Factors', 'United States']
| 29,291,410
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E02.875.800.500', 'E05.820.800.500'], ['A16.254'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['C13.703.170.500', 'C13.703.277.570', 'C13.703.726.570', 'C16.300.570', 'C19.246.099.968', 'C23.888.144.186.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520.460'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Coenrollment in a randomized trial of high-frequency oscillation: prevalence, patterns, predictors, and outcomes*.
|
OBJECTIVE: Enrollment of individual patients into more than one study has been poorly evaluated. The objective of this study was to describe the characteristics of patients, researchers and centers involved in coenrollment, studies precluding coenrollment, and the prevalence, patterns, predictors, and outcomes of coenrollment in a randomized clinical trial.DESIGN, SETTING, METHODS: We conducted an observational study nested within the OSCILLation for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Treated Early Trial, which compared high-frequency oscillatory ventilation to conventional ventilation. We collected patient, center, and study data on coenrollment in randomized patients. Multilevel regression examined factors independently associated with coenrollment, considering clustering within centers. We examined the effect of coenrollment on safety and the trial outcome.INTERVENTIONS: None.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Overall, 127 of 548 randomized patients (23.2%) were coenrolled in 25 unique studies. Coenrollment was reported in 17 of 39 centers (43.6%). Patients were most commonly coenrolled in one additional randomized clinical trial (76; 59.8%). Coenrollment was less likely in older patients (odds ratio, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.76-0.997), and in ICUs with greater than 26 beds (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34-0.94), and more likely by investigators with more than 11 years of experience (odds ratio, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.06-2.82), by research coordinators with more than 8 years of experience (odds ratio, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.11-3.18) and in Canada (odds ratio, 4.66; 95% CI, 1.43-15.15). Serious adverse events were similar between coenrolled high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and control patients. Coenrollment did not modify the treatment effect of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation on hospital mortality.CONCLUSIONS: Coenrollment occurred in 23% of patients, commonly in younger patients, in smaller centers with more research infrastructure, and in Canada. Coenrollment did not influence patient safety or trial results.
|
['APACHE', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Canada', 'Female', 'High-Frequency Ventilation', 'Hospital Bed Capacity', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Research Design', 'Research Personnel', 'Research Subjects', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Sex Factors']
| 25,393,702
|
[['E05.318.308.980.438.475.365', 'E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500.250', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500.250', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500.250'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['E02.041.625.508', 'E02.880.820.508'], ['N02.278.306.472'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['M01.526.839'], ['M01.774'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Detection of hepatitis C virus-specific antigens in semen from non-A, non-B hepatitis patients.
|
Semen samples from nine patients clinically diagnosed as having non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) were tested by an ELISA using antibodies raised in rabbits against HCV-specific antigens. The semen from all nine patients had elevated levels of HCV-specific antigen in comparison to semen from five healthy donors. Semen from five of the nine patients had significant levels of the HCV-specific antigen. Seven of the eight serum samples from these patients were reactive with the standard C-100 HCV ELISA. Eight of these nine patients had serum reactive for HCV-specific antibodies in our ELISA using HCV-specific antigens. This more direct evidence for viral presence supports the earlier epidemiological data suggesting that HCV could be transmitted sexually.
|
['Antibody Specificity', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epitopes', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis Antibodies', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Semen', 'Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral', 'Viral Nonstructural Proteins']
| 1,373,358
|
[['G12.100'], ['D23.050.327'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.550'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.200.732'], ['C01.221.812.640', 'C01.778.640', 'C01.925.813', 'C23.550.291.531.937.640'], ['D12.776.964.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Proteomics-based expression library screening (PELS): a novel method for rapidly defining microbial immunoproteomes.
|
Current methodologies for global identification of microbial proteins that elicit host humoral immune responses have several limitations and are not ideally suited for use in the postgenomic era. Here we describe a novel application of proteomics, proteomics-based expression library screening, to rapidly define microbial immunoproteomes. Proteomics-based expression library screening is broadly applicable to any cultivable, sequenced pathogen eliciting host antibody responses and hence is ideal for rapidly mining microbial proteomes for targets with diagnostic, prophylactic, and therapeutic potential. In this report, we demonstrate "proof-of-principle" by identifying 207 proteins of the Escherichia coli O157:H7 immunome in bovine reservoirs in only 3 weeks.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Cattle', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Escherichia coli O157', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Gene Library', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Proteome', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 16,737,953
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.050.161'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.800.250.500', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.800.250.500'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['G05.360.325'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D12.776.817'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cost of hospital care for HIV/AIDS infected patients in three general reference hospitals in Lubumbashi, DR Congo: prospective cohort study.
|
INTRODUCTION: This article analyses the composition of healthcare costs for HIV/AIDS infected patients in a country with limited resources and attempts to identify the factors that influence these costs. The aims are to calculate medical care costs, analysing how they vary depending on patients' income, and to evaluate the factors explaining healthcare consumption.METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study focusing on patients who were admitted to hospital for a short stay between January 2010 and June 2011, before their integration into a specialised program. The patients were selected randomly. Free consent was obtained from all participants. Data were analysed using the SPSS 19.0 software. The significance threshold was set at 5% and the CI (Confidence Interval) at 95%. We used Kruskal-Wallis tests, Fisher's exact test and multiple linear regression.RESULTS: We monitored 209 patients. Their average age was 36.37 years (SD: 8.72). The sex ratio was 0.58 and the women patients were generally younger than the male ones (p=0.011). The overall cost of healthcare amounted to $US 41,922. The cost of Antiretroviral Therapy represented 21.6% ($US 9,045). The price of para-clinical examinations represented 46% ($US 19,136) of the overall cost. The patient's average monthly income was $US 157.40 whereas the average direct cost per patient was$US 201.45. Both monthly income (t=4.385; p=0.0000) and education level (t=3.703 p=0.0003) were statistically significant predictive factors for healthcare consumption. The medical care costs for patients with opportunistic infections were nine times higher than those for patients who presented none. The presence of opportunistic infections increased healthcare consumption by approximately 31$ US (CI 95%: 15-46.9).CONCLUSION: The average direct cost for patients on each short-term stay was higher than the average monthly income. To be able to access the necessary services, the patients need additional resources, which are derived from various sources. Monthly income and the level of education were both statistically significant predictors for healthcare consumption. The analysis allows us to extend the study by using different analytical accounting approaches such as by case and by pathology.
|
['AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-Retroviral Agents', 'CD4 Lymphocyte Count', 'Cohort Studies', 'Democratic Republic of the Congo', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Hospital Costs', 'Hospitals, General', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Young Adult']
| 24,198,878
|
[['C01.221.250.875.100', 'C01.597.050', 'C01.610.684.050', 'C01.925.597.050', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.100', 'C20.673.480.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.058.290.100.220'], ['N01.824.196'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['N03.219.151.400.687', 'N03.219.262.500', 'N05.300.375.500'], ['N02.278.421.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Corneal graft rejection: a new rabbit model and cyclosporin-A.
|
In order to test the efficacy of topically applied cyclosporin-A in preventing corneal allograft rejection, existing rabbit models were modified to produce a new model in which the allograft reaction could be consistently initiated solely as a result of corneal transfer without any additional means of sensitisation. With this model, which reflects clinical corneal grafting more closely than many previous models, cyclosporin-A 1% drops applied to the recipient eye 5 times daily for 4 weeks inhibited corneal graft rejection. When cyclosporin-A 1% drops were applied to corneal allografts for 13 weeks, 44% of grafts remained clear 180 days after transplantation. No side effects were observed that could be attributed to topically applied cyclosporin-A.
|
['Animals', 'Corneal Transplantation', 'Cyclosporins', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Graft Rejection', 'Models, Biological', 'Rabbits']
| 7,041,957
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.095.147.725.225', 'E04.540.825.374', 'E04.936.580.225'], ['D04.345.566.235', 'D12.644.641.235'], ['E02.319.283'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interactions of grape seed tannins with salivary proteins.
|
To evaluate the amount and type of condensed tannins binding salivary proteins, which are supposed to be involved in astringent sensation, model systems allowing further analyses of proteins and condensed tannins were developed. The precipitates formed after addition of grape seed tannins to salivary proteins indicate that a binding interaction occurs. Dissociation of insoluble complexes was achieved by sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment. Thiolysis reaction allowed the quantification and characterization of proanthocyanidins on both the resulting pellet and the supernatant. Binding proteins were investigated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The higher polymerized tannins predominantly precipitated together with the salivary proteins. The condensed tannins remaining in solution were low molecular weight polymers.
|
['Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Rosales', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides', 'Seeds', 'Tannins']
| 10,563,846
|
[['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D05.750.078.937']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peptide-Membrane Interactions Affect the Inhibitory Potency and Selectivity of Spider Toxins ProTx-II and GpTx-1.
|
Gating modifier toxins (GMTs) from spider venom can inhibit voltage gated sodium channels (NaVs) involved in pain signal transmission, including the NaV1.7 subtype. GMTs have a conserved amphipathic structure that allow them to interact with membranes and also with charged residues in regions of NaV that are exposed at the cell surface. ProTx-II and GpTx-1 are GMTs able to inhibit NaV1.7 with high potency, but they differ in their ability to bind to membranes and in their selectivity over other NaV subtypes. To explore these differences and gain detailed information on their membrane-binding ability and how this relates to potency and selectivity, we examined previously described NaV1.7 potent/selective GpTx-1 analogues and new ProTx-II analogues designed to reduce membrane binding and improve selectivity for NaV1.7. Our studies reveal that the number and type of hydrophobic residues as well as how they are presented at the surface determine the affinity of ProTx-II and GpTx-1 for membranes and that altering these residues can have dramatic effects on NaV inhibitory activity. We demonstrate that strong peptide-membrane interactions are not essential for inhibiting NaV1.7 and propose that hydrophobic interactions instead play an important role in positioning the GMT at the membrane surface proximal to exposed NaV residues, thereby affecting peptide-channel interactions. Our detailed structure-activity relationship study highlights the challenges of designing GMT-based molecules that simultaneously achieve high potency and selectivity for NaV1.7, as single mutations can induce local changes in GMT structure that can have a major impact on NaV-inhibitory activity.
|
['Animals', 'Humans', 'Peptides', 'Spider Venoms']
| 30,507,158
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644'], ['D20.888.065.870', 'D23.946.833.065.870']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of microplastics in wetland samples from coastal Ghana using the Rose Bengal stain.
|
The use of optical microscope remains the most commonly used technique for microplastic identification and quantification despite major limitations with misidentifications and biases. We evaluated the use of the 1% Rose Bengal stain in improving the identification of microplastics after a standard microplastic isolation process. The stain discriminated organic materials from potential microplastics with significant differences between numbers observed before (6.65 ± 5.73) and after staining (2.91 ± 3.43). Numbers of potential microplastics observed under the conventional method (without staining) in sediment, feacal matter of shorebirds and the lagoon water were respectively 3.55 g-1, 0.8 g-1 and 0.13 ml-1 but reduced to 1.85 g-1 of sediment, 0.35 g-1 of feacal material and 0.09 ml-1 of water after staining. Colour composition of potential microplastics under the conventional method was brown (31.0%), black (26.5%), white (20.2%), translucent (16.7%) and red (5.6%). After staining, brown (49,2%), black (30.5%) white (2.3%) and translucent (18.0%) were retained but distinction could not be made between stained organic items and red-coloured microplastics. It was clear that the stain has the potential in improving microplastic identification but requires further investigations.
|
['Coloring Agents', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Ghana', 'Microplastics', 'Rose Bengal', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Wetlands']
| 32,128,624
|
[['D27.720.233'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['D05.750.716.294', 'D25.720.716.294', 'J01.637.051.720.716.294'], ['D02.455.426.779.347.700', 'D03.633.300.953.275.700', 'D04.711.347.700'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['G16.500.275.157.812', 'N06.230.124.625']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Clinical profile of Chagas and non-Chagas' disease patients with cardiac pacemaker].
|
The aim of this study was to compare Chagas and non-Chagas' disease patients using single or dual-chamber pacemaker in relation to the ejection fraction of the left ventricle, the ventricular stimulation threshold and the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmia. From January, 2001 to November, 2002, 45 Chagas' disease patients and 35 non-Chagas' disease patients, all pacemaker users, were evaluated considering clinical history, echocardiographic study, Holter monitoring and analysis of the pacemaker telemetry data. Chagas' disease patients were significantly younger, but both groups were similar when chest X-Ray variables and right ventricular stimulation threshold were analyzed. Chagas' disease patients had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction and more frequent ventricular arrhythmia during Holter monitoring. A positive correlation between the low ejection fraction of the left ventricle and the intensity of ventricular arrhythmia was observed. In conclusion, among pacemaker user patients, Chagas' disease is related to cardiac markers of worse prognosis.
|
['Aged', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Chagas Cardiomyopathy', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular', 'Telemetry', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 16,906,246
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.331.200'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200.190', 'C01.920.625.190', 'C14.280.238.190'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940'], ['E01.370.520.750', 'E05.925', 'L01.178.847.675'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Perfluorochemicals as liver- and spleen-seeking ultrasound contrast agents.
|
In this study, Fluosol-DA, 20 per cent (composed of perfluorodecalin and perfluorotripropylamine) was tested as a liver-specific ultrasound contrast agent. Twelve normal rabbits were scanned, utilizing the Picker Microview (10 MHz), prior to and two days following the intravenous administration of 24 ml/kg of Fluosol (or 4.8 g/kg of perfluorochemicals) emulsion to ten of the rabbits and 24 ml/kg of Ringer's solution to two rabbits as control. In all ten rabbits given Fluosol, liver echogenicity increased relative to that of the kidney, whereas the liver remained less echogenic than the kidney in the two rabbits given Ringer's solution. Four independent reviewers correctly identified all rabbits that received Fluosol and both rabbits that received Ringer's solution. It is demonstrated that, similar to PFOB, Fluosol serves as an echogenic contrast material for ultrasound and opacifies the normal rabbit liver.
|
['Animals', 'Contrast Media', 'Drug Combinations', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Rabbits', 'Spleen', 'Ultrasonography']
| 6,854,723
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D26.310'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['D09.301.915.500', 'D09.698.365.855.500'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ligand regulates epidermal growth factor receptor kinase specificity: activation increases preference for GAB1 and SHC versus autophosphorylation sites.
|
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase catalyzes phosphorylation of tyrosines in its C terminus and in other cellular targets upon epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulation. Here, by using peptides derived from EGFR autophosphorylation sites and cellular substrates, we tested the hypothesis that ligand may function to regulate EGFR kinase specificity by modulating the binding affinity of peptide sequences to the active site. Measurement of the steady-state kinetic parameters, K(m) and k(cat), revealed that EGF did not affect the binding of EGFR peptides but increased the binding affinity for peptides corresponding to the major EGFR-mediated phosphorylation sites of the adaptor proteins Gab1 (Tyr-627) and Shc (Tyr-317), and for peptides containing the previously identified optimal EGFR kinase substrate sequence EEEEYFELV (3-7-fold). Conversely, EGF stimulation increased k(cat) approximately 5-fold for all peptides. Thus, ligand changed the relative preference of the EGFR kinase for substrates as evidenced by EGF increases of approximately 5-fold in the specificity constants (k(cat)/K(m)) for EGFR peptides, whereas approximately 15-40-fold increases were observed for other peptides, such as Gab1 Tyr-627. Furthermore, we demonstrate that EGF (i) increased the binding affinity of EGFR to Gab1 Tyr-627 and Shc Tyr-317 sites in purified GST fusion proteins approximately 4-6-fold, and (ii) EGF significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of these sites, relative to EGFR autophosphorylation, in cell lysates containing the full-length Gab1 and Shc proteins. Analysis of peptides containing amino acid substitutions indicated that residues C-terminal to the target tyrosine were critical for EGF-stimulated increases in substrate binding and regulation of kinase specificity. To our knowledge, this represents the first demonstration that ligand can alter specificity of a receptor kinase toward physiologically relevant targets.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Blotting, Western', 'COS Cells', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Cell Line', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Epitopes', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Mice', 'Peptides', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins', 'Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Time Factors', 'Tyrosine']
| 15,231,819
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['D12.776.543.990.150'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.644.360.024.330', 'D12.776.157.057.162', 'D12.776.476.024.424'], ['D12.644.360.024.330.500', 'D12.776.157.057.162.500', 'D12.776.476.024.424.500'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a retrospective review of 1- and 2-year results.
|
INTRODUCTION: Recently, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been added as a surgical treatment for obesity. We report our 1- and 2-year results with LSG.METHODS: From September 2005, we have performed 247 LSGs. We retrospectively reviewed our 1- and 2-year data to assess weight loss, body mass index (BMI), percentage excess weight loss (%EWL), length of stay (LOS), complications, and resolution of diabetes.RESULTS: A total of 40 patients were eligible for follow-up at 2 years, and 157 patients were eligible for follow-up at 1 year. Data was available on 33/40 patients for 2 years and 131/157 patients for 1 year. Initial mean age, mean weight, and mean BMI for 1-year data were 43.2 years, 270.8 lb, and 44.3 kg/m(2), respectively. Initial mean age, mean weight, and mean BMI for 2-year data were 41.4 years, 273.3 lb, and 45.1 kg/m(2), respectively. Mean weight loss, BMI, and %EWL, for patients at 1 year and 2 years were 89.3 lb, 29.6 kg/m(2), and 78% and 87.5 lb, 30.0 kg/m(2), and 75%, respectively. There was no significant difference between use of 46-Fr, 40-Fr, and 36-Fr bougie with respect to weight loss, BMI or %EWL. Likewise, there was no difference seen between use of 7-cm versus 4-cm antral pouch. Mean LOS for both groups was 1.1 days. A total of 12 complications occurred, including one (0.6%) death and two (1.3%) leaks. A total of 39 patients were diabetic, of whom 32 (82%) were cured of diabetes and the remaining 7 patients had their medications decreased.CONCLUSION: Our results show that LSG is a safe and effective weight-loss procedure with results similar to those of gastric bypass. Additional long-term studies are still needed to accurately compare laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy with gastric bypass and/or gastric banding.
|
['Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Weight Loss']
| 19,690,918
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
EEG spatiospectral patterns and their link to fMRI BOLD signal via variable hemodynamic response functions.
|
BACKGROUND: Spatial and temporal resolution of brain network activity can be improved by combining different modalities. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides full brain coverage with limited temporal resolution, while electroencephalography (EEG), estimates cortical activity with high temporal resolution. Combining them may provide improved network characterization.NEW METHOD: We examined relationships between EEG spatiospectral pattern timecourses and concurrent fMRI BOLD signals using canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF) with its 1st and 2nd temporal derivatives in voxel-wise general linear models (GLM). HRF shapes were derived from EEG-fMRI time courses during "resting-state", visual oddball and semantic decision paradigms.RESULTS: The resulting GLM F-maps self-organized into several different large-scale brain networks (LSBNs) often with different timing between EEG and fMRI revealed through differences in GLM-derived HRF shapes (e.g., with a lower time to peak than the canonical HRF). We demonstrate that some EEG spatiospectral patterns (related to concurrent fMRI) are weakly task-modulated.COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD(S): Previously, we demonstrated 14 independent EEG spatiospectral patterns within this EEG dataset, stable across the resting-state, visual oddball and semantic decision paradigms. Here, we demonstrate that their time courses are significantly correlated with fMRI dynamics organized into LSBN structures. EEG-fMRI derived HRF peak appears earlier than the canonical HRF peak, which suggests limitations when assuming a canonical HRF shape in EEG-fMRI.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study examining EEG-fMRI relationships among independent EEG spatiospectral patterns over different paradigms. The findings highlight the importance of considering different HRF shapes when spatiotemporally characterizing brain networks using EEG and fMRI.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebrum', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Functional Neuroimaging', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Nerve Net', 'Neurovascular Coupling', 'Psycholinguistics', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 30,802,472
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['E01.370.350.578.875', 'E01.370.376.537.625', 'E05.629.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A08.511'], ['G09.330.100.159.500'], ['F02.694', 'F04.096.586', 'L01.559.598.628'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Kujigamberol, a new dinorlabdane diterpenoid isolated from 85million years old Kuji amber using a biotechnological assay.
|
A new compound, 15,20-dinor-5,7,9-labdatriene-18-ol (1), named kujigamberol, was isolated from amber, fossilized tree resin from the Kuji area in Japan, has been dated as being 85 million years old (late Cretaceous). Kujigamberol was identified using the hypersensitive mutant yeast (zds1? erg3? pdr1? pdr3?) with respect to Ca(2+)-signal transduction. The structure was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis including 1D NMR, 2D NMR and HR-EI-MS. It was different from known diterpenoids with a similar activity isolated from Baltic amber (agathic acid 15-monomethyl ester (2), dehydroabietic acid (3) and pimaric acid (4)). Kujigamberol showed glycogen synthase kinase-3â (GSK-3â) inhibition activity involving the growth restored activity against the mutant yeast and was cytotoxic to HL60 cells (IC(50)=19.6 ìM).
|
['Amber', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Calcium', 'Diterpenes', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fossils', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Molecular Structure', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Signal Transduction', 'Yeasts']
| 22,507,387
|
[['D05.750.078.840.109', 'D20.215.721.500.109'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['D05.500.117.875', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625', 'D12.644.360.300.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875', 'D12.776.476.300.500'], ['D05.500.117.875.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625.500', 'D12.644.360.300.500.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875.500', 'D12.776.476.300.500.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['B01.300.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Comparing the priorities of parents and young people with cerebral palsy.
|
PURPOSE: Adolescence is a period of change and transition that may pose unique challenges for young people with cerebral palsy (CP). We compared statements of priorities, i.e. what adolescents (13-17) and youth (18-21) and their parents would like to be able to do to enable greater activity and participation.METHODS: Participants were 198 parents and 135 young people with CP (45% males) from seven Children's Hospitals in the United States. The interviews were structured using The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure. Priority statements were categorised as Adult Tasks, Biology, Self-Identity or Physical Activity.RESULTS: All parents identified more priorities for Biology and Adult Tasks (p < 0.001). Adolescents identified the fewest priorities for Self-Identity (p < 0.01). Youth identified, in descending order of frequency, priorities in Adult Tasks, Biology, Self-Identity and Physical Activity (p < 0.05). In the parent-young people dyads when disagreements occurred, Self-Identity issues were identified more often by parents (p < 0.05) and priorities for Physical Activity were identified more often by young people (p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: The shared and differing priorities of parents and young people with CP may reflect different roles, perceptions and experiences. The findings have implications for healthcare professionals, providing a framework to compare and contrast the priorities of young people and their parents.
|
['Adolescent', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Cerebral Palsy', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disabled Children', 'Female', 'Health Priorities', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 21,192,775
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C10.228.140.140.254'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['M01.150.200'], ['N03.349.330', 'N05.300.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Low risk of mother-to-child transmission of human T lymphotropic virus type II in non-breast-fed infants. The NYC Perinatal HIV Transmission Collaborative Study.
|
The transmissibility of human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type II from mother to child was investigated. Of 236 women enrolled during pregnancy in a study of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in 1986-1988, 21 (8.9%) were seropositive for HTLV-I/II. All 21 mothers were infected with HTLV-II by synthetic peptide testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HTLV-II-infected women were older (median age, 34 vs. 28 years), more likely to be black (70% vs. 38%), and more likely to report past or current intravenous drug use (85% vs. 56%) than HTLV-II-uninfected women. Of 20 non-breast-fed infants born to 19 of these HTLV-II-infected women, none had detectable HTLV-II by PCR done on peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained at birth to 36 months of age. Serologic testing of these infants revealed gradual disappearance of HTLV-I/II antibody. While this study does not rule out the possibility of perinatal HTLV-II transmission, the data suggest that it occurs rarely in the absence of breast-feeding.
|
['Adult', 'Blotting, Western', 'Breast Feeding', 'Female', 'HTLV-II Antibodies', 'HTLV-II Infections', 'Human T-lymphotropic virus 2', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Risk Factors']
| 1,527,426
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.150.510', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.150.510', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.150.510'], ['C01.925.782.815.200.480', 'C20.673.483.480'], ['B04.613.807.200.730.399', 'B04.820.650.200.730.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
No transfer of calibration between action and perception in learning a golf putting task.
|
We assessed calibration of perception and action in the context of a golf putting task. Previous research has shown that right-handed novice golfers make rightward errors both in the perception of the perfect aiming line from the ball to the hole and in the putting action. Right-handed experts, however, produce accurate putting actions but tend to make leftward errors in perception. In two experiments, we examined whether these skill-related differences in directional error reflect transfer of calibration from action to perception. In the main experiment, three groups of right-handed novice participants followed a pretest, practice, posttest, retention test design. During the tests, directional error for the putting action and the perception of the perfect aiming line were determined. During practice, participants were provided only with verbal outcome feedback about directional error; one group trained perception and the second trained action, whereas the third group did not practice. Practice led to a relatively permanent annihilation of directional error, but these improvements in accuracy were specific to the trained task. Hence, no transfer of calibration occurred between perception and action. The findings are discussed within the two-visual-system model for perception and action, and implications for perceptual learning in action are raised.
|
['Athletic Performance', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Distance Perception', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Golf', 'Humans', 'Individuality', 'Male', 'Orientation', 'Psychophysics', 'Transfer, Psychology', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 21,814,859
|
[['I03.450.642.845.054'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['F02.463.593.200.390', 'F02.463.593.778.255.390'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['I03.450.642.845.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.488'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['F02.463.425.910'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evolution, three-dimensional model and localization of truncated hemoglobin PttTrHb of hybrid aspen.
|
Thus far, research on plant hemoglobins (Hbs) has mainly concentrated on symbiotic and non-symbiotic Hbs, and information on truncated Hbs (TrHbs) is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the origin, structure and localization of the truncated Hb (PttTrHb) of hybrid aspen (Populus tremula L. ? tremuloides Michx.), the model system of tree biology. Additionally, we studied the PttTrHb expression in relation to non-symbiotic class1 Hb gene (PttHb1) using RNAi-silenced hybrid aspen lines. Both the phylogenetic analysis and the three-dimensional (3D) model of PttTrHb supported the view that plant TrHbs evolved vertically from a bacterial TrHb. The 3D model suggested that PttTrHb adopts a 2-on-2 sandwich of á-helices and has a Bacillus subtilis -like ligand-binding pocket in which E11Gln and B10Tyr form hydrogen bonds to a ligand. However, due to differences in tunnel cavity and gate residue (E7Ala), it might not show similar ligand-binding kinetics as in Bs-HbO (E7Thr). The immunolocalization showed that PttTrHb protein was present in roots, stems as well as leaves of in vitro -grown hybrid aspens. In mature organs, PttTrHb was predominantly found in the vascular bundles and specifically at the site of lateral root formation, overlapping consistently with areas of nitric oxide (NO) production in plants. Furthermore, the NO donor sodium nitroprusside treatment increased the amount of PttTrHb in stems. The observed PttTrHb localization suggests that PttTrHb plays a role in the NO metabolism.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Heme', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Stems', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Populus', 'Protein Transport', 'RNA Interference', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Structural Homology, Protein', 'Truncated Hemoglobins']
| 24,520,401
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['A18.024.812'], ['A18.024.937'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.797.875.453'], ['G03.143.700'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.805', 'G02.111.810.200.820', 'G05.820'], ['D12.776.422.316.762.932']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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