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[A comparative statistical study of the background impulse activity of hippocampal neurons in situ and in tissue culture].
|
Statistical characteristics of background impulse activity of the rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons in situ and in vitro were compared. A statistical analysis shows a good coincidence of the following numerical characteristics of interspike intervals distribution: mathematical expectations, standard deviations, coefficients of asymmetry and excess. This coincidence proves the preservation of normal functional properties of hippocampal neurons in tissue culture. However some differences were found in the structure of the compared spike sequences which may be attributed to essential differences between the neuronal networks in the objects studied.
|
['Animals', 'Culture Techniques', 'Electrophysiology', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'Male', 'Rats']
| 1,207,817
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.481.500'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
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Direct Reprogramming of Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells by OCT4 and Application in Repairing of Cerebral Ischemia Damage.
|
Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) are a type of fetal stem cell whose stemness encompasses both embryonic and adult stem cells, suggesting that they may be easily and efficiently reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). To further simplify the reprogramming process, the creation of AFSC-derived iPSCs using a single factor is desirable. Here we report the generation of one-factor human AFSC-iPSCs (AiPSCs) from human AFSCs by ectopic expression of the transcription factor OCT4. Just like human embryonic stem cells, AiPSCs exhibited similar epigenetic status, global gene expression profiles, teratoma formation and in vitro & in vivo pluripotency. Our results indicate that the OCT4 is necessary and sufficient to directly reprogram human AFSCs into pluripotent AiPSCs. Moreover, reflecting the similar memory characteristics of AFSCs and neural stem cells, we show that AiPSC membrane-derived vesicles (MVs) repair cerebral ischemia damage. We anticipate that the successful generation of one-factor AiPSCs will facilitate the creation of patient-specific pluripotent stem cells without the need for transgenic expression of oncogenes. Moreover, MVs from tissue-specific AiPSCs have potential in tissue repair, representing a novel application of iPSCs.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Animals', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cellular Reprogramming', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Octamer Transcription Factor-3', 'Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 27,019,637
|
[['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['B01.050'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['G04.152.262', 'G05.135'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.776.260.655.500.300', 'D12.776.930.710.500.300'], ['A11.872.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
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Specificity of subnormal deltaPO2 for retinal neovascularization in experimental retinopathy of prematurity.
|
PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that in an experimental model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) rat pups that are at risk for but do not have retinal neovascularization (NV) exhibit a normal oxygenation response to a hyperoxic inhalation challenge.METHODS: Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were raised under two varied oxygen conditions (50/10 or 40/15, indicating percent of oxygen in the air on alternate days) for 14 days and then allowed to recover in room air. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to determine the retinal oxygenation response (increase in partial oxygen pressure in the vitreous over the room air value, or deltaPO(2), in mm Hg) to hyperoxic inhalation challenge. Adenosine diphosphatase (ADPase)-stained retinas were analyzed to determine the NV incidence and severity.RESULTS: On postnatal day (P)20, the 40/15 procedure produced significantly (P < 0.05) lower incidence of NV than the 50/10 protocol (8% vs. 99%, respectively). Retinal deltaPO(2) during carbogen breathing of the 40/15 animals that did not have evidence of NV was not different (P > 0.05) from that of normal age-matched animals; later time points were not examined. At P26 and P34, in 50/10 rats that no longer had NV, retinal deltaPO(2)s during carbogen breathing were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of age-matched control pups. At P34 in control rats, but not in 50/10 rats, deltaPO(2) was 61% greater (P < 0.05) during carbogen breathing than during oxygen breathing.CONCLUSIONS: The results from 40/15 experiments, together with the authors' previous data in 50/10 rats, which documented subnormal retinal deltaPO(2) before and during NV, provides additional support that subnormal retinal oxygenation to an inhalation challenge is an important event associated with the development of NV. In addition, 50/10 rats that no longer demonstrated NV had a persistent subnormal retinal deltaPO(2), suggesting a continuing risk of development of additional retinal complications after resolution of the NV in ROP.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperoxia', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Retina', 'Retinal Neovascularization', 'Retinopathy of Prematurity']
| 12,882,806
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.567'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G03.680'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.768.725', 'C23.550.589.500.725'], ['C11.768.836', 'C16.614.521.731']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
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Closing loopholes in the Biological Weapons Convention.
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The Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) received two major blows in the past months. Negotiations for a protocol to strengthen the BTWC came to a halt and the Fifth Review Conference was unable to reach agreement on a final declaration. In addition, ongoing research projects, predominantly in the United States, are threatening to undermine the comprehensive ban on the development, production and use of biological weapons. This article provides two examples of research that exploit perceived loopholes in the BTWC or impinge on the scope of the Convention, namely the planned use of biological agents for forced drug eradication and the development of anti-material agents.
|
['Biological Warfare', 'Congresses as Topic', 'Humans', 'International Agencies', 'International Cooperation', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 12,044,027
|
[['I01.880.735.950.500.226'], ['N03.540.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.540.514'], ['I01.615.500'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Interpersonal conflicts at work and psychosocial characteristics of employees.
|
Associations of psychosocial factors with interpersonal conflicts at work were studied in a sample drawn from the Finnish population using a mailed questionnaire. The sample consisted of 14,578 employees aged 24-64 years. The frequency of interpersonal conflicts at work was equal among both sexes. Our results suggest that occupational factors such as hectically paced work, monotonous work and white collar status are associated with interpersonal conflicts at work; and more conflicts are found in the younger age-groups. In the multivariate analyses, dissatisfaction with life, daily stress, neuroticism and hostility were found to be the significant risk factors for interpersonal conflicts at work for both sexes, whereas a higher educational level was a considerable risk factor only for men, and low self-assurance only for women. Among men the combination of hectically paced and monotonous work was also found to be a significant risk factor. The results indicate complexity of the concept of human relationships at work, and the importance of both occupational factors and psychological characteristics.
|
['Adult', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Concept', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 2,047,897
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.658.209'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C24'], ['F01.145.677'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Large scale analysis of protein-binding cavities using self-organizing maps and wavelet-based surface patches to describe functional properties, selectivity discrimination, and putative cross-reactivity.
|
A new method to discover similar substructures in protein binding pockets, independently of sequence and folding patterns or secondary structure elements, is introduced. The solvent-accessible surface of a binding pocket, automatically detected as a depression on the protein surface, is divided into a set of surface patches. Each surface patch is characterized by its shape as well as by its physicochemical characteristics. Wavelets defined on surfaces are used for the description of the shape, as they have the great advantage of allowing a comparison at different resolutions. The number of coefficients to describe the wavelets can be chosen with respect to the size of the considered data set. The physicochemical characteristics of the patches are described by the assignment of the exposed amino acid residues to one or more of five different properties determinant for molecular recognition. A self-organizing neural network is used to project the high-dimensional feature vectors onto a two-dimensional layer of neurons, called a map. To find similarities between the binding pockets, in both geometrical and physicochemical features, a clustering of the projected feature vector is performed using an automatic distance- and density-based clustering algorithm. The method was validated with a small training data set of 109 binding cavities originating from a set of enzymes covering 12 different EC numbers. A second test data set of 1378 binding cavities, extracted from enzymes of 13 different EC numbers, was then used to prove the discriminating power of the algorithm and to demonstrate its applicability to large scale analyses. In all cases, members of the data set with the same EC number were placed into coherent regions on the map, with small distances between them. Different EC numbers are separated by large distances between the feature vectors. A third data set comprising three subfamilies of endopeptidases is used to demonstrate the ability of the algorithm to detect similar substructures between functionally related active sites. The algorithm can also be used to predict the function of novel proteins not considered in training data set.
|
['Algorithms', 'Binding Sites', 'Databases, Protein', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Proteins', 'Surface Properties']
| 18,041,748
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.710', 'L01.470.750.750.300.750', 'L01.470.750.750.325.710'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D12.776'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
RESOLUTION OF A MACULAR HOLE COMPLICATING A PSEUDOPHAKIC MACULAR EDEMA WITH NONSURGICAL TREATMENT.
|
BACKGROUND: Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema (PCME) is a common complication of cataract surgery. We report the management of a case presenting with PCME in his left eye complicated by a full-thickness macular hole (MH). Four weeks after a cataract surgery on his left eye, a 75-year-old man presented with a vision loss on the same eye (best-corrected visual acuity: 20/64). A PCME complicated by a full-thickness MH was diagnosed. After oral acetazolamide treatment, the PCME completely regressed and the full-thickness MH closed after medical treatment.CONCLUSION: Macular edema may rarely lead to MHs, by inducing mechanical changes and probable inflammatory mechanisms as well as a thinning of the fovea. We report a case of spontaneous closure of MH complicating a PCME, with medical treatment.
|
['Acetazolamide', 'Administration, Oral', 'Aged', 'Conservative Treatment', 'Diuretics', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Macular Edema', 'Male', 'Pseudophakia', 'Recovery of Function', 'Retinal Perforations', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Acuity']
| 27,787,409
|
[['D02.886.675.867.060', 'D03.383.129.708.867.060'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.197'], ['D27.505.696.560.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['C23.888.681'], ['G16.757'], ['C11.768.740'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inference by exclusion in the red-tailed black cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus banksii).
|
Inference by exclusion is the ability to select a given option by excluding the others. When designed appropriately, tests of this ability can reveal choices that cannot be explained by associative processes. Over the past decade, exclusion reasoning has been explored in several non-human taxonomic groups, including birds, mainly in Corvids and Parrots. To increase our understanding of the taxonomic distribution of exclusion reasoning and, therefore, its evolution, we investigated exclusion performances in red-tailed black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus banksii), an Australian relative of the Goffin cockatoo (Cacatua goffini), using a food-finding task. Cockatoos were required to find a food item hidden in 1 of the 2 experimenter's hands. Following training sessions in which they reliably selected the closed baited hand they had just been shown open, each individual was tested on 4 different conditions. Critical to demonstrating exclusion reasoning was the condition in which they were shown the empty hand and then offered a choice of both closed hands. The performance of all birds was above chance on all experimental conditions but not on an olfactory and/or cuing control condition. The results suggest that the birds might be able to infer by exclusion, although an explanation based on rule learning cannot be excluded. This first experiment in red-tailed black cockatoo highlights the potential of this species as a model to study avian cognition and paves the pathway for future investigations.
|
['Animals', 'Choice Behavior', 'Cockatoos', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Female', 'Male', 'Psychomotor Performance']
| 29,316,266
|
[['B01.050'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.710.251'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Historical and contemporary correlates of syphilis and cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: This study examined the relationship between antecedent syphilis infection and cancer incidence in an attempt to identify specific cancer patterns.METHODS: The study cohort consisted of 16,420 people diagnosed with syphilis between 1972 and 1987 and who were residents of New York State, exclusive of New York City, at time of diagnosis. Incident cancers among cohort members were identified through linkage with files maintained by the New York State Cancer Registry.RESULTS: A total of 350 cancer cases were diagnosed among cohort members. For males and females combined, incidence was significantly elevated for cancers of the oral cavity standardized incidence ratio (SIR = 169, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 109-249), and specifically for cancer of the tongue (SIR = 251, 95% CI: 108-494). Significantly elevated incidence was observed among males for Kaposi's sarcoma (SIR = 2000, 95% CI: 1290-2950).CONCLUSION: While no conclusions may be reached concerning causality, the data do argue for increased cancer surveillance among people with syphilis. Moreover, findings are discussed in light of historical considerations.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Causality', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Neoplasms', 'New York', 'Risk Factors', 'Sarcoma, Kaposi', 'Syphilis', 'Tongue Neoplasms']
| 8,082,966
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['C04'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.925.256.466.860', 'C04.557.450.795.850', 'C04.557.645.750'], ['C01.150.252.400.794.840.500', 'C01.150.252.400.840.500', 'C01.150.252.734.859', 'C01.221.812.281.859', 'C01.778.281.859', 'C12.294.668.281.859', 'C13.351.500.711.281.859'], ['C04.588.443.591.925', 'C07.465.530.925', 'C07.465.910.470']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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|
Evaluation of patients with lactic acidosis using microphotometric mitochondrial enzyme assay in single muscle fibers.
|
Microphotometric enzyme assay in single muscle fibers was performed on two patients with lactic acidosis. Neither case showed ragged red fibers upon histochemical evaluation. Biochemical analysis of mitochondrial enzymes demonstrated low normal cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in Case 1 and deficient COX in Case 2. Quantitative single muscle fiber analysis in patients showed marked variation in COX activity in Case 1, reflecting mosaic distribution of fibers with near-normal COX activity and with defective COX activity. These data suggest that this microphotometric assay may be valuable for elucidating the significance of 'partial enzyme deficiency'. In addition, this assay method may be applied to needle biopsy specimens.
|
['Acidosis, Lactic', 'Adolescent', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cytochrome-c Oxidase Deficiency', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Female', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mitochondria, Muscle', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Photometry', 'Succinate Dehydrogenase']
| 7,818,028
|
[['C18.452.076.176.180'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C16.320.565.240', 'C18.452.660.195'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627', 'A11.284.835.626.627'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['E05.196.712'], ['D05.500.562.750.249.500', 'D08.811.600.250.500.750.500', 'D08.811.600.250.875.249.500', 'D08.811.682.660.385.500', 'D08.811.682.830.249.500', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.909.500', 'D12.776.331.199.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.500.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.875.249.500', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.141.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Stakeholder perspectives on addressing adverse events from adjuvant cancer therapy: A qualitative study.
|
BACKGROUND: With increasing survival rates, a growing population of patients with cancer have received or will receive adjuvant therapy to prevent cancer recurrences. Patients and caregivers will confront the complexities of balancing the preventative benefits of adjuvant therapy with possible near-term or long-term adverse events (AEs). Adjuvant treatment-related AEs (from minimal to severe) can impact therapeutic adherence, quality of life, emotional and physical health, and survival. However, to the authors' knowledge, limited information is available regarding how stakeholders use or desire to use adjuvant-related AE information to inform the care of patients with cancer.METHODS: A qualitative, purposeful sampling approach was used to elicit stakeholder feedback via semistructured interviews (24 interviews). Drug development, drug regulatory, clinical, payer, and patient/patient advocacy stakeholders were questioned about the generation, dissemination, and use of adjuvant treatment-related AE information to inform the care of patients with cancer. Transcripts were coded independently by 2 senior health care researchers and reconciled to identify key themes.RESULTS: All stakeholder groups in the current study identified needed improvements in each of the following 4 areas: 1) improving the accessibility and relevance of AE-related information; 2) better integrating and implementing available information regarding AEs for decisions; 3) connecting contemporary cultural and economic value systems to the generation and use of information regarding adjuvant treatment-related AEs; and 4) addressing a lack of alignment and ownership of stakeholder efforts to improve the use of AE information in the adjuvant setting.CONCLUSIONS: Despite commonalities in the overall needs identified by the diverse stakeholders in the current study, broad systemic change has been stymied. The current study identified the lack of alignment and the absence of a central "owner" of these diffuse efforts as a previously unrecognized hurdle to realizing the desired systemic improvements. Future initiatives aimed at improving quality of life and outcomes for patients receiving adjuvant therapy through the improved use of AE information must address this challenge through innovative collectives and novel leadership strategies.
|
['Caregivers', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Physicians', 'Qualitative Research']
| 31,454,424
|
[['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['H01.770.644.241.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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|
The effects of co- and sequential inoculation of Torulaspora delbrueckii and Pichia kluyveri on chemical compositions of durian wine.
|
This is a first study on using two non-Saccharomyces yeasts, Torulaspora delbrueckii Biodiva and Pichia kluyveri FrootZen to produce durian wine via co-inoculation (Co-I) and sequential inoculation (Seq-I). T. delbrueckii inhibited the growth of P. kluyveri and P. kluyveri also partly retarded the growth of T. delbrueckii in Co-I and Seq-I treatments. Co-I and Seq-I produced similar levels of ethanol to T. delbrueckii Biodiva monoculture. In addition, Seq-I increased malic acid degradation and higher succinic acid production. Compared with T. delbrueckii Biodiva, Co-I produced similar amounts of ethyl esters, higher alcohols and moderately increased levels of ethyl acetate. Seq-I 2th (T. delbrueckii inoculated after 2 days fermentation with P. kluyveri) and Seq-I 5th produced excessive amounts of ethyl acetate (? 80 mg/L) but relatively lower levels of higher alcohols. This study suggested that Co-I could complete alcoholic fermentation with more complex aromas and might be novel way for wine making.
|
['Acetates', 'Bombacaceae', 'Ethanol', 'Malates', 'Microbial Interactions', 'Pichia', 'Succinic Acid', 'Torulaspora', 'Wine']
| 28,942,463
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.148'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D02.241.081.337.463', 'D02.241.511.505'], ['G06.550'], ['B01.300.107.795.700', 'B01.300.930.600'], ['D02.241.081.337.759.625'], ['B01.300.107.795.830', 'B01.300.930.910'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A direct descending pathway informing locomotor networks about tactile sensor movement.
|
Much like visually impaired humans use a white-cane, nocturnal insects and mammals use antennae or whiskers for near-range orientation. Stick insects, for example, rely heavily on antennal tactile cues to find footholds and detect obstacles. Antennal contacts can even induce aimed reaching movements. Because tactile sensors are essentially one-dimensional, they must be moved to probe the surrounding space. Sensor movement is thus an essential cue for tactile sensing, which needs to be integrated by thoracic networks for generating appropriate adaptive leg movements. Based on single and double recordings, we describe a descending neural pathway comprising three identified ON- and OFF-type neurons that convey complementary, unambiguous, and short-latency information about antennal movement to thoracic networks in the stick insect. The neurons are sensitive to the velocity of antennal movements across the entire range covered by natural movements, regardless of movement direction and joint angle. Intriguingly, none of them originates from the brain. Instead, they descend from the gnathal ganglion and receive input from antennal mechanoreceptors in this lower region of the CNS. From there, they convey information about antennal movement to the thorax. One of the descending neurons, which is additionally sensitive to substrate vibration, feeds this information back to the brain via an ascending branch. We conclude that descending interneurons with complementary tuning characteristics, gains, input and output regions convey detailed information about antennal movement to thoracic networks. This pathway bypasses higher processing centers in the brain and thus constitutes a shortcut between tactile sensors on the head and the thorax.
|
['Animals', 'Arthropod Antennae', 'Female', 'Insecta', 'Interneurons', 'Locomotion', 'Movement', 'Neural Pathways', 'Sensory Receptor Cells', 'Touch', 'Touch Perception']
| 25,740,535
|
[['B01.050'], ['A13.093'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A08.612'], ['A08.675.650.915', 'A08.800.950', 'A11.671.650.915'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850'], ['F02.463.593.894']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alcohol, tobacco, diet, mate drinking, and esophageal cancer in Argentina.
|
To study the role of hot mate drinking, alcohol, tobacco, and diet in esophageal cancer, a case-control study including 131 cases and 262 hospital controls was carried out in La Plata, Argentina. In multivariate analyses, statistically significant increases in risk were detected for alcohol, tobacco, and some dietary factors but not for hot mate drinking. A strong dose-response relationship was observed with the amount of alcohol consumed daily but not with the number of cigarettes smoked. The odds ratio for those drinking more than 200 ml of ethanol/day compared to nondrinkers was 5.7 (95% confidence interval, 2.2-15.2). An increased risk was also observed for those eating barbecued meat more than once a week (odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.8) as compared to those eating it less than once a week, and a reduction in risk was associated with daily consumption of nonbarbecued beef as compared to those eating it less than daily. Concerning mate drinking, the only variable that showed an effect was the temperature at which mate is drunk. Those who reported drinking mate hot or very hot as compared to those drinking it warm had an increase in risk (odds ratio, 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-2.9). Our findings strengthen the evidence for an important role of alcohol and tobacco in esophageal carcinogenesis but do not provide strong support for a role of hot mate drinking.
|
['Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Argentina', 'Beverages', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 7,827,585
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['Z01.107.757.077'], ['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Graphite tattoo: report of a case and differential diagnosis.
|
A case report underlining the necessity of the biopsy procedure for a pigmented lesion of unknown origin. A female patient was referred for evaluation of a pigmented lesion on the facial keratinized gingiva coronal to the free gingival margin above tooth No. 7. An excisional biopsy revealed a graphite tattoo. A discussion and differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions follows.
|
['Adult', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Gingival Diseases', 'Graphite', 'Humans', 'Melanosis', 'Pigmentation Disorders', 'Tattooing']
| 1,620,404
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.171'], ['C07.465.714.258'], ['D01.268.150.300', 'D01.578.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.621.430.530'], ['C17.800.621', 'C23.550.755'], ['E02.218.085.840', 'E04.085.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genetic variations in angiogenesis pathway genes associated with clinical outcome in localized gastric adenocarcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis has been attributed to be a well-recognized aspect of human cancer biology. As such, proteinase-activated receptor (PAR)-1, endostatin (ES) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) mediate the regulation of early-onset angiogenesis and in turn impact the process of tumor-growth and disease progression.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues were obtained from 137 patients with localized gastric cancer at University of Southern California and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center medical facilities. DNA was extracted and genotyping was carried out using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism-based protocols.RESULTS: In false discovery rate-adjusted univariate analysis, PAR-1 -506 ins/del (P < 0.001), ES +4349 G>A (P = 0.004), and IL-8 -251 T>A (P < 0.0001) were associated with time to tumor recurrence (TTR). Further, PAR-1 -506 ins/del and IL-8 -251 were associated with overall survival (OS). After adjusting for covariates, IL-8 remained significantly associated with TTR (adjusted P = 0.003) and OS (adjusted P = 0.049), whereas ES was significantly associated with TTR (adjusted P = 0.026).CONCLUSIONS: Polymorphisms in PAR-1, ES, and IL-8 may serve as independent molecular prognostic markers in patients with localized gastric adenocarcinoma. The assessment of the patients' individual risk on the basis of interindividual genotypes may therefore help to identify patient subgroups at high risk for poor clinical outcome.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Endostatins', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-8', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Receptor, PAR-1', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 19,622,587
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.644.276.100.450.750', 'D12.776.467.100.450.750', 'D12.776.860.300.250.400.537.500', 'D23.529.100.450.750'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.800', 'D12.644.276.374.465.312', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.800', 'D12.776.467.374.465.246', 'D23.125.300.120.800', 'D23.469.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.200.120.800', 'D23.529.374.465.312'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['D12.776.395.550.625.800.790', 'D12.776.543.550.625.800.790', 'D12.776.543.750.695.875.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675.892.790', 'D12.776.543.750.750.850.399', 'D12.776.543.750.792.500.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Environmental stresses and strains in an extreme situation: the repair of electrometallurgy furnaces.
|
Whenever continuous casting furnace breaks down, the emergency intervention necessary to repair it has to be carried out under exceptional environmental conditions caused mainly by heat, as the furnace must be stopped for the shortest possible time. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the stresses and strains to which boilermakers are subjected during the replacement of an electrode element of a 20 MW furnace. The thermal stress was evaluated by the wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) index. CO2 was measured continuously at the furnace periphery and sporadically in the center of the furnace using an electrochemical method, while CO was also measured in both areas, using Dr?ger tubes. Dusts were sampled by a CPM3 (Andersen particle fractionating sampler) and a CIP10 (personal sampler). The strain was evaluated by continuous ECG recording with an Aclan IFC 85, breathing performance was assessed with an HI 298 microspirometer, and blood oxygen saturation was evaluated using a Biox oximeter. Thermal stresses are extreme: WBGT was 55 degrees C in the furnace center and 34 degrees C in the furnace periphery. In spite of the ventilation, the reduction in heat during the 6 h of the intervention was negligible and did not provide sufficient cooling. The analysis of gases and dusts were of minor interest, although the mean CO level at the furnace periphery was 40 ppm, with a peak level of 140 ppm in furnace center. CO2 and SO2 levels did not exceed TLV-TWA and TLV-Stel values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Arousal', 'Body Temperature Regulation', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Carbon Monoxide', 'Carboxyhemoglobin', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Heart Rate', 'Heat Exhaustion', 'Heating', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metallurgy', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Protective Clothing', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Sulfur Dioxide']
| 8,144,236
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['G07.110.232', 'G07.410.421', 'G16.012.500.535'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D01.200.250', 'D01.362.200', 'D01.650.550.250'], ['D12.776.124.400.141', 'D12.776.422.316.762.149'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['C26.522.250'], ['N06.230.150.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576.655.875.400'], ['C24'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['E07.700.600', 'J01.637.215.600', 'J01.637.708.560.875'], ['G07.775'], ['D01.362.810', 'D01.650.550.850.925', 'D01.875.825.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Quantifying Strength of Chaos in the Population Firing Rate of Neurons.
|
In this study, I considered quantifying the strength of chaos in the population firing rate of a pulse-coupled neural network. In particular, I considered the dynamics where the population firing rate is chaotic and the firing of each neuron is stochastic. I calculated a time histogram of firings to show the variation in the population firing rate over time. To smooth this histogram, I used Bayesian adaptive regression splines and a gaussian filter. The nonlinear prediction method, based on reconstruction, was applied to a sequence of interpeak intervals in the smoothed time histogram of firings. I propose the use of the sum of nonlinearity as a quantifier of the strength of chaos. When applying this method to the firings of a pulse-coupled neural network, the sum of nonlinearity was seen to satisfy three properties for quantifying the strength of chaos. First, it can be calculated from spiking data alone. Second, it takes large values when applied to firings that are confirmed, theoretically or numerically, to be chaotic. Third, it reflects the strength of chaos of the original dynamics.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Brain', 'Feedback, Physiological', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neural Inhibition', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neurons', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Periodicity', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Synapses']
| 29,220,309
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G07.410.732'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G07.265.755', 'G11.561.616'], ['A08.612'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Use of response surface methodology in a fed-batch process for optimization of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates to achieve high levels of canthaxanthin from Dietzia natronolimnaea HS-1.
|
In this work, we applied statistical experimental design to a fed-batch process for optimization of tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) intermediates in order to achieve high-level production of canthaxanthin from Dietzia natronolimnaea HS-1 cultured in beet molasses. A fractional factorial design (screening test) was first conducted on five TCA cycle intermediates. Out of the five TCA cycle intermediates investigated via screening tests, alfaketoglutarate, oxaloacetate and succinate were selected based on their statistically significant (P<0.05) and positive effects on canthaxanthin production. These significant factors were optimized by means of response surface methodology (RSM) in order to achieve high-level production of canthaxanthin. The experimental results of the RSM were fitted with a second-order polynomial equation by means of a multiple regression technique to identify the relationship between canthaxanthin production and the three TCA cycle intermediates. By means of this statistical design under a fed-batch process, the optimum conditions required to achieve the highest level of canthaxanthin (13172 + or - 25 microg l(-1)) were determined as follows: alfaketoglutarate, 9.69 mM; oxaloacetate, 8.68 mM; succinate, 8.51 mM.
|
['Actinomycetales', 'Bioreactors', 'Biotechnology', 'Canthaxanthin', 'Citric Acid Cycle', 'Fermentation', 'Food Coloring Agents', 'Ketoglutaric Acids', 'Models, Biological', 'Oxaloacetic Acid', 'Succinic Acid']
| 20,226,378
|
[['B03.510.024.049'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['H01.158.550', 'J01.897.120'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.868.249', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.887.249', 'D02.455.849.131.868.249', 'D23.767.261.887.249'], ['G02.111.165', 'G03.295.342', 'G03.493.170'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D27.720.233.674', 'D27.720.372.300.355'], ['D02.241.081.337.351.502', 'D02.241.755.465'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D02.241.081.337.593.812.750', 'D02.241.755.648.750'], ['D02.241.081.337.759.625']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biosynthetic regulation of individual proteins in relA+ and relA strains of Escherichia coli during amino acid starvation.
|
An isogenic pair of Escherichia coli mutants (relA+ tufB valSts and relA1 tufB valSts) has been cultured at several temperatures to establish various degrees of limitation for valyl-tRNA synthetase. The biosynthetic rate of 16 identifiable proteins, most of which are components of the transcription and translation apparatus, was measured by pulse-labelling with [35S]-methionine, followed by protein separation using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (O'Farrell, 1975). No single pattern of response to amino acid starvation of biosynthetic rate was observed. EF-Ts, L12 and S6 were found to be under strong stringent and relaxed regulation; EF-G, EF-Tu-A and S1 are under strong stringent, but weak relaxed regulation; EF-Tu-B, alpha, VRS, IRS and ARS are under week stringent and weak relaxed regulation; beta is under weak stringent regulation and does not respond at all to relaxed conditions; the biosynthetic rate of a protein called stringent starvation protein is strongly stimulated, relative to other proteins, in the starved stringent strain.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Guanine Nucleotides', 'Kinetics', 'Leucine', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Species Specificity', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Uracil', 'Valine']
| 799,246
|
[['D12.125'], ['D12.776.097'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454', 'D13.695.667.454', 'D13.695.827.426'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G16.824'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D03.383.742.698.875'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
QSAR studies on carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: a case of ureido and thioureido derivatives of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides.
|
QSAR studies on modelling of biological activity (hCAI) for a series of ureido and thioureido derivatives of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides have been made using a pool of topological indices. Regression analysis of the data showed that excellent results were obtained in multiparametric correlations upon introduction of indicator parameters. The predictive abilities of the models are discussed using cross-validation parameters.
|
['Animals', 'Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors', 'Cattle', 'Heterocyclic Compounds', 'Humans', 'Hydrocarbons, Aromatic', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sulfonamides', 'Thiourea', 'Urea']
| 12,110,322
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.389.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['D02.065.950.898', 'D02.886.904'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Multi-layered proteomic analyses decode compositional and functional effects of cancer mutations on kinase complexes.
|
Rapidly increasing availability of genomic data and ensuing identification of disease associated mutations allows for an unbiased insight into genetic drivers of disease development. However, determination of molecular mechanisms by which individual genomic changes affect biochemical processes remains a major challenge. Here, we develop a multilayered proteomic workflow to explore how genetic lesions modulate the proteome and are translated into molecular phenotypes. Using this workflow we determine how expression of a panel of disease-associated mutations in the Dyrk2 protein kinase alter the composition, topology and activity of this kinase complex as well as the phosphoproteomic state of the cell. The data show that altered protein-protein interactions caused by the mutations are associated with topological changes and affected phosphorylation of known cancer driver proteins, thus linking Dyrk2 mutations with cancer-related biochemical processes. Overall, we discover multiple mutation-specific functionally relevant changes, thus highlighting the extensive plasticity of molecular responses to genetic lesions.
|
['Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Neoplasms', 'Phenotype', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Interaction Maps', 'Protein Kinases', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics']
| 32,678,104
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D05.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.624'], ['C04'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G03.493.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sympathetic skin responses (SSRs) in monofocal brain lesions: topographical aspects of central sympathetic pathways.
|
Lesions of the central sympathetic pathways are likely to be of clinical relevance. In patients with acute stroke, in particular, they may be responsible for the partially deleterious cardiac arrhythmia. There is little knowledge of the central organization of sympathetic pathways above the brainstem level for both cardio-efferent and sudomotor fibers. We studied the sympathetic skin response (SSR) in 29 patients with brainstem stroke or infarction in the territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in order to evaluate the pathways mediating emotional sweating. In 24 patients (82.8%) the SSR was pathological. These abnormalities were bilateral with no clear asymmetry in 10 patients (34.5%), bilateral with marked contralateral pathology in 8 patients (27.6%), purely contralateral in 5 patients (17.2%) and purely ipsilateral in one patient (3.5%). Bilateral abnormalities were more frequent and more marked in brainstem than in MCA stroke. This is probably indicative of a more generalized sympathetic dysfunction. In contrast, contralateral abnormalities were more pronounced in MCA than in brainstem infarcts. Our results show that sympathetic skin responses are suppressed in the majority of stroke patients. Asymmetric responses may indicate that sudomotor fibers mediating emotional sweating have their origin or receive input from the contralateral MCA territory.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Arousal', 'Brain Damage, Chronic', 'Brain Mapping', 'Brain Stem', 'Cerebral Infarction', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Female', 'Galvanic Skin Response', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Pathways', 'Reaction Time', 'Skin', 'Sweating', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 7,639,067
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['C10.228.140.140'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['E05.796.332', 'F02.830.702.315', 'F04.669.332', 'G07.265.563', 'G13.750.415'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.612'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['A17.815'], ['G07.110.232.693', 'G07.410.421.693', 'G13.750.860', 'G16.012.500.535.693'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inducible gene expression and protein translocation using nontoxic ligands identified by a mammalian three-hybrid screen.
|
The natural product rapamycin has been used to provide temporal and quantitative control of gene expression in animals through its ability to interact with two proteins simultaneously. A shortcoming of this approach is that rapamycin is an inhibitor of cell proliferation, the result of binding to FKBP12-rapamycin-associated protein (FRAP). To overcome this limitation, nontoxic derivatives of rapamycin bearing bulky substituents at its C16-position were synthesized, each in a single step. The isosteric isopropoxy and methallyl substituents with the nonnatural C16-configuration abolish both binding to FRAP and inhibition of T cell proliferation. Binding proteins for these derivatives were identified from libraries of cDNAs encoding mutants of the FKBP12-rapamycin-binding (FRB) domain of FRAP by using a mammalian three-hybrid transcription assay. Targeting of the mutations was guided by the structure of the FKBP12-rapamycin-FRB ternary complex. Three compensatory mutations in the FRB domain, all along one face of an alpha-helix in a rapamycin-binding pocket, were identified that together restore binding of the rapamycin derivatives. Using this mutant FRB domain, one of the nontoxic rapamycin derivatives induced targeted gene expression in Jurkat T cells with an EC50 below 10 nM. Another derivative was used to recruit a cytosolic protein to the plasma membrane, mimicking a process involved in many signaling pathways.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Membrane', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Structure', 'Polyenes', 'Proteins', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Sirolimus', 'Tacrolimus Binding Proteins']
| 9,223,271
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D02.455.326.271.665'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D02.540.505.760'], ['D08.811.399.325.500.400.700', 'D12.776.543.750.705.400.700', 'D12.776.827.275.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rhodoquinone and complex II of the electron transport chain in anaerobically functioning eukaryotes.
|
Many anaerobically functioning eukaryotes have an anaerobic energy metabolism in which fumarate is reduced to succinate. This reduction of fumarate is the opposite reaction to succinate oxidation catalyzed by succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, complex II of the aerobic respiratory chain. Prokaryotes are known to contain two distinct enzyme complexes and distinct quinones, menaquinone and ubiquinone (Q), for the reduction of fumarate and the oxidation of succinate, respectively. Parasitic helminths are also known to contain two different quinones, Q and rhodoquinone (RQ). This report demonstrates that RQ was present in all examined eukaryotes that reduce fumarate during anoxia, not only in parasitic helminths, but also in freshwater snails, mussels, lugworms, and oysters. It was shown that the measured RQ/Q ratio correlated with the importance of fumarate reduction in vivo. This is the first demonstration of the role of RQ in eukaryotes, other than parasitic helminths. Furthermore, throughout the development of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, a strong correlation was found between the quinone composition and the type of metabolism: the amount of Q was correlated with the use of the aerobic respiratory chain, and the amount of RQ with the use of fumarate reduction. It can be concluded that RQ is an essential component for fumarate reduction in eukaryotes, in contrast to prokaryotes, which use menaquinone in this process. Analyses of enzyme kinetics, as well as the known differences in primary structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic complexes that reduce fumarate, support the idea that fumarate-reducing eukaryotes possess an enzyme complex for the reduction of fumarate, structurally related to the succinate dehydrogenase-type complex II, but with the functional characteristics of the prokaryotic fumarate reductases.
|
['Animals', 'Electron Transport', 'Electron Transport Complex II', 'Helminths', 'Kinetics', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Succinate Dehydrogenase', 'Ubiquinone']
| 8,537,365
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D05.500.562.750.249', 'D08.811.600.250.500.750', 'D08.811.600.250.875.249', 'D08.811.682.660.385', 'D08.811.682.830.249', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.909', 'D12.776.331.199.750', 'D12.776.543.277.500.750', 'D12.776.543.277.875.249', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.141'], ['B01.050.500.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D08.811.682'], ['D05.500.562.750.249.500', 'D08.811.600.250.500.750.500', 'D08.811.600.250.875.249.500', 'D08.811.682.660.385.500', 'D08.811.682.830.249.500', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.909.500', 'D12.776.331.199.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.500.750.500', 'D12.776.543.277.875.249.500', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.141.500'], ['D02.806.250.900', 'D08.211.935']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Selective intubation of the afferent loop.
|
A selective intubation method for examination of the afferent loop is described and brief review of complications involving the afferent loop is outlined. The value of the intubation method in patient management is illustrated by three case reports. We find this a helpful method for studying selected patients with clinical problems related to the afferent loop.
|
['Adult', 'Afferent Loop Syndrome', 'Contrast Media', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Gastrointestinal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography']
| 415,554
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C06.405.469.531.099', 'C23.550.767.050'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.585.412', 'E05.497.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Efflux of osmolyte amino acids during isovolumic regulation in hippocampal slices.
|
The efflux of potassium (K(+)) and amino acids from hippocampal slices was measured after sudden exposure to 10% (270 mOsm), 25% (225 mOsm) or 50% (150 mOsm) hyposmotic solutions or after gradual decrease (-2.5 mOsm/min) in external osmolarity. In slices suddenly exposed to 50% hyposmotic solutions, swelling was followed by partial (74%) cell volume recovery, suggesting regulatory volume decrease (RVD). With gradual hyposmotic changes, no increase in cell water content was observed even when the solution at the end of the experiment was 50% hyposmotic, showing the occurrence of isovolumic regulation (IVR). The gradual decrease in osmolarity elicited the efflux of (3)H-taurine with a threshold at -5 mOsm and D-[(3)H]aspartate (as marker for glutamate) and at -20 mOsm for [(3)H]GABA. The efflux rate of [(3)H]taurine was always notably higher than those of [(3)H]GABA and D-[(3)H]aspartate, with a maximal increase over the isosmotic efflux of about 7-fold for [(3)H]taurine and 3- and 2-fold for [(3)H]GABA and D-[(3)H]aspartate, respectively. The amino acid content in slices exposed to 50% hyposmotic solutions (abrupt change) during 20 min decreased by 50. 6% and 62.6% (gradual change). Taurine and glutamate showed the largest decrease. An enhancement in (86)Rb efflux and a corresponding decrease in K(+) tissue content was seen in association with RVD but not with IVR. These results demonstrate the contribution of amino acids to IVR and indicate their involvement in this mechanism of cell volume control.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Aspartic Acid', 'Biological Transport', 'Chloride Channels', 'Colforsin', 'Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors', 'Hippocampus', 'Hypotonic Solutions', 'Male', 'Neurons', 'Niflumic Acid', 'Nitrobenzoates', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Rubidium Radioisotopes', 'Taurine', 'Tritium', 'Water', 'Water-Electrolyte Balance', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 10,972,967
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.067.500', 'D12.125.119.170', 'D12.125.427.040'], ['G03.143'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175'], ['D02.455.849.291.300'], ['D27.505.519.389.310', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030.500', 'D27.505.954.329.030.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['D26.776.399'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.400.200.777', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.906.750.777', 'D03.066.515.550', 'D03.383.725.547.550'], ['D02.241.223.100.600', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.650'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['G02.640'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.496.749.740'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['G02.111.635.500', 'G03.615.500', 'G07.410.810.500'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anticoagulation for cardiac surgery in patients receiving preoperative heparin: use of the high-dose thrombin time.
|
UNLABELLED: Patients receiving heparin infusions have an attenuated activated clotting time (ACT) response to heparin given for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We compared patients receiving preoperative heparin (Group H) to those not receiving heparin (REF group) with respect to ACT, high-dose thrombin time (HiTT), and markers of thrombin generation during CPB. Sixty-five consecutive patients (33 Group H, 32 REF group) undergoing elective CPB were evaluated. ACT and HiTT were measured at multiple time points. Plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex and fibrin monomer were determined at baseline, during CPB, and after protamine administration. Transfusion requirements and postoperative blood loss were measured and compared. ACT values after heparinization increased less in Group H and were significantly lower than those in the REF group (P < 0.01). HiTT values did not differ significantly between the two groups. Blood loss and transfusion requirements were not significantly different between the two groups. Plasma levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complexes and fibrin monomer also did not differ between groups at any time, despite a lower ACT in Group H after heparinization and during CPB. Our data suggest that thrombin formation and activity are not enhanced in patients receiving heparin therapy, despite a diminished ACT response to heparin. The utility of ACT and the threshold values indicative of adequate anticoagulation for CPB are relatively undefined in patients receiving preoperative heparin. HiTT should be investigated as a safe and accurate monitor of anticoagulation for CPB in patients receiving preoperative heparin therapy.IMPLICATIONS: The diminished activated clotting time response to heparin, in patients receiving preoperative heparin therapy, poses difficulties when attempting to provide adequate anticoagulation for cardiopulmonary bypass. Current data suggest that heparin resistance is not observed when high-dose thrombin time is used to monitor anticoagulation and that a lower activated clotting time value in these patients may be safe.
|
['Anticoagulants', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Heparin', 'Humans', 'Thrombin Time', 'Whole Blood Coagulation Time']
| 10,735,781
|
[['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['E04.292.413'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.870', 'E05.200.625.115.870', 'G09.188.840'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.950', 'E05.200.625.115.950', 'G09.188.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bullous pemphigoid induced by PUVA therapy.
|
An 80-year-old psoriatic patient developed a blistering eruption during oral PUVA therapy. The diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid (BP) was established by routine histopathology, which demonstrated subepidermal blistering, and direct immunofluorescence, which revealed linear deposits of IgG, IgM and C3 along the basement membrane zone. Indirect immunofluorescence using normal human split skin revealed binding of IgG antibodies to the epidermal side, thus confirming a subepidermal blistering disorder. These proteins were identified by the immunoblotting technique as BP antigens I and II. Clinically, the lesions could be reproduced by phototesting using topical 8-methoxypsoralen. Again, the histopathological and immunopathological findings were consistent with the diagnosis of PUVA-induced BP. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating psoriasis-associated BP, in which the clinical diagnosis of BP is confirmed by immunoblotting analysis. The exact role of UV light in precipitating bullous lesions, particularly the question whether UV light may represent an unspecific epidermal injury leading to further attraction of autoantibodies to the basement membrane zone, as suggested recently by an experimental study in rodents, remains to be clarified in future studies.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Autoantibodies', 'Basement Membrane', 'Complement C3', 'Epidermis', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Methoxsalen', 'PUVA Therapy', 'Pemphigoid, Bullous', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'Psoriasis', 'Skin', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 8,944,349
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.300', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.300', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.300', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.300', 'E05.478.583.375.300'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240.310', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240.310', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240.310', 'E05.478.583.375.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.794.500', 'D03.633.100.150.446.794.500', 'D03.633.300.770.500'], ['E02.774.945.500'], ['C17.800.865.690', 'C20.111.730'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A17.815'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Double depression and episodic major depression: demographic, clinical, familial, personality, and socioenvironmental characteristics and short-term outcome.
|
The authors compared 31 outpatients with double depression to 50 outpatients with episodic major depression. Patients with double depression exhibited significantly greater impairment, more severe depressive symptoms, greater comorbidity, more personality disturbance, lower levels of social support, more chronic strains, and higher rates of bipolar II and nonbipolar affective disorders in first-degree relatives. In addition, in a 6-month follow-up, the patients with double depression were significantly less likely to recover, and a higher proportion experienced hypomanic episodes than did patients with episodic major depression. These data provide strong support for the clinical significance of double depression.
|
['Adult', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Cyclothymic Disorder', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mood Disorders', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Personality Disorders', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Social Support']
| 3,421,343
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['F03.084.500'], ['F03.600.500'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.600'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['F03.675'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['I01.880.853.500.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effectiveness of a topical antifungal regimen for the treatment of oral candidiasis in older, chronically ill, institutionalized, adults.
|
Because of predisposing systemic disease, the frequent administration of medication, and the use of a complete denture, oral candidiasis is a common problem among older, chronically ill, institutionalized adults. This randomized clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of an antifungal denture soaking solution (48 mL nystatin liquid, 100,000 IU/mL, dissolved in 432 mL of distilled water producing 10,000 IU nystatin mL solution), used as an adjunct to a nystatin vaginal lozenge (100,000 IU/g, dissolved in the mouth three times daily for seven days) in a group of older, chronically ill, institutionalized adults. Although the clinical signs and symptoms of oral candidiasis were resolved in all subjects following therapy, the presence of invasive Candida hyphae was detected in approximately 80 per cent of tissue and/or dentures. When compared to tap water, the use of an antifungal denture soaking solution produced no detectable difference in the presence of Candida albicans hyphae over a three-month period (M-H chi-square = 0.021, p = 0.886), but it did reduce the rate of recurrence of clinical signs and symptoms. The appropriateness of this regimen for the treatment of oral candidiasis in this type of patient is challenged.
|
['Aged', 'Candidiasis, Oral', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Dental Care for Aged', 'Denture Cleansers', 'Denture, Complete, Upper', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Life Tables', 'Male', 'Nursing Homes', 'Nystatin']
| 7,773,850
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.150.703.160.180', 'C07.465.130'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E06.170.100', 'N02.421.240.190.210'], ['D25.376.262', 'J01.637.051.376.262'], ['E06.780.346.760.775.504', 'E07.695.190.200.205.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.475', 'E05.318.740.100.500', 'N01.224.935.530', 'N06.850.505.400.975.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.475'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['D02.540.505.575']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A new approach towards the synthesis of pseudaminic acid analogues.
|
The pseudaminic acids are a family of 5,7-diamino-3,5,7,9-tetradeoxynonulosonic acids that are essential components of bacterial polysaccharides and glycoproteins. This paper describes our approach towards the synthesis of analogues of pseudaminic acid, and involves the efficient introduction of the requisite nitrogen functionalities from a readily available precursor.
|
['Azides', 'Chemistry, Organic', 'N-Acetylneuraminic Acid', 'Sugar Acids']
| 24,687,140
|
[['D01.625.100', 'D02.159'], ['H01.181.404'], ['D02.241.081.844.562.668.050', 'D02.241.511.902.562.668.050', 'D09.067.687.668.030', 'D09.811.589.668.030'], ['D02.241.081.844', 'D02.241.511.902', 'D09.811']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Behavioral and endocrine consequences of simultaneous exposure to two different stressors in rats: interaction or independence?
|
Although behavioral and endocrine consequences of acute exposure to stressors have been extensively studied, little is known about how simultaneous exposure to two different stressors interacts to induce short- and long-term effects. In the present experiment we studied this interaction in adult male rats exposed to cat fur odor (impregnated cloth) or immobilization on boards either separately or simultaneously. We reasoned that exposure to the odor of a potential predator while immobilized, may potentiate its negative consequences as compared to exposure to only one of the stressors. Exposure to cat odor elicited the expected reduction of activity and avoidance of the area where the impregnated cloth was located. The endocrine response (plasma levels of ACTH and corticosterone, as a measure of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, HPA) was markedly greater after immobilization than after cat fur odor and no additive effects were found by simultaneous exposure to both stressors. Cat odor, but not immobilization, increased anxiety-like behavior as evaluated in the elevated plus-maze 7 days after the stressors, with no evidence of enhanced HPA activation. In addition, cat odor exposure resulted in long-lasting (8 days later) fear conditioning to the box containing a clean cloth, which was reflected by hypoactivity, avoidance of the cloth area and enhanced HPA activation. All these effects were similarly observed in rats exposed simultaneously to cat odor and immobilization. In rats only exposed to immobilization, only some weak behavioral signs of fear conditioning were found, but HPA activation in response to the context paired to immobilization was enhanced to the same extent as in cat odor-exposed animals, supporting a certain degree of endocrine conditioning. The present results did not reveal important behavioral interactions between the two stressors when animals experienced both simultaneously, whereas some interactions were found regarding HPA activation. Theoretical implications are discussed.
|
['Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Cats', 'Corticosterone', 'Endocrine System', 'Male', 'Maze Learning', 'Odorants', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Restraint, Physical', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Time Factors']
| 21,731,743
|
[['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['A06'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E02.085.700', 'E05.472.760'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Component Release and Mechanical Properties of Endodontic Sealers following Incorporation of Antimicrobial Agents.
|
Root canal sealers with antimicrobial activity are highly beneficial; therefore, their antimicrobial properties could be improved by incorporation of antimicrobial agents. In the present study, the release of the quaternary ammonium compounds from endodontic sealers admixed with either benzalkonium chloride (BC) or cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) at loadings of 2% wt was monitored. The effect of these additives on the compressive strengths and their release from the sealers was determined after 1 and 4 weeks. All of the materials studied were found to be capable of releasing antimicrobial additive in useful quantities. The release of CPC occurred to a statistically significant greater extent than BC for all materials. The addition of both BC and CPC generally decreased the compressive strength of all the endodontic sealers, with the exception of CPC in AH Plus, where the compressive strength was significantly increased. This suggests that, for these endodontic sealers, the antimicrobial additives alter the setting chemistry. AH Plus is an epoxy-based material cured with an amine, and in this case the increase in compressive strength with CPC is attributed to an enhanced cure reaction with this system. In all other cases, the additive inhibited the cure reaction to a greater or lesser extent.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Benzalkonium Compounds', 'Cetylpyridinium', 'Enterococcus faecalis', 'Epoxy Resins', 'Humans', 'Materials Testing', 'Quaternary Ammonium Compounds', 'Root Canal Filling Materials', 'Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement']
| 28,620,615
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['D02.092.877.096.040', 'D02.675.276.080'], ['D03.383.725.762.232'], ['B03.353.750.250.250.280', 'B03.510.550.250.250.280'], ['D05.750.716.822.461', 'D25.720.716.822.461', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.570'], ['D01.625.062.500', 'D02.092.877', 'D02.675.276'], ['D25.339.859', 'J01.637.051.339.859'], ['D25.339.291.925', 'J01.637.051.339.291.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Moraxella catarrhalis strains with reduced expression of the UspA outer membrane proteins belong to a distinct subpopulation.
|
The outer membrane proteins UspA1 and UspA2 are candidate antigens for a Moraxella catarrhalis vaccine. We previously reported that 103 of 108 isolates (95%) from young children expressed UspA1 detected by reactivity with the monoclonal antibody mAb24B5. The aim of the present study was to investigate mechanisms controlling UspA1 expression by analysis of five mAb24B5 non-reactive isolates. Four of these strains were characterized by (i) decreased or absent transcription of uspA1 and uspA2 and (ii) clustered mutations and deletions in the promoter region of both uspA1 and uspA2. Antigenic or phase variation were not responsible for reduced levels of UspA1 expression. While mAb24B5-positive isolates expressing normal levels of uspA1 and uspA2 mRNA belonged to the previously described 16S rRNA type 1 phylogenetic group, these four mAb24B5-negative isolates were found to belong to the 16S rRNA gene types 2 or 3. The remaining mAb24B5-negative isolate (#610) belonged to 16S rRNA type 1 and exhibited a posttranscriptional defect of UspA1 expression defined by normal levels of uspA1 mRNA and both recombinant and in vitro expression of mAb24B5-reactive UspA1. In conclusion, M. catarrhalis clinical isolates exhibiting reduced expression of UspA1 and UspA2 belonged to a distinct phylogenetic subpopulation. A UspA-based vaccine is unlikely to be effective against such isolates.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell-Free System', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Moraxella catarrhalis', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Vaccines, Synthetic']
| 15,734,074
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.097.120', 'D12.776.543.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.284.835.168'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.440.400.425.537.525.200', 'B03.660.250.530.525.200'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.828.868', 'D20.215.894.865', 'D23.050.865']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Herbicidal effects of soil-incorporated wheat.
|
The hydroxamic acid 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA) and the benzoxazolinones benzoxazolin-2-one (BOA) and 6-methoxybenzoxazolin-2-one (MBOA) have been identified as important allelochemicals in wheat. This study examines the possibility of exploiting the allelopathic properties of wheat as a weed control strategy by cultivating wheat as a precrop and incorporating plant residues into the soil before the next crop is sown. Different wheat varieties were cultivated in field plots during two seasons in both conventional and organic farming systems. Plants were sampled at various growth stages, and their contents of DIMBOA, MBOA, and BOA were determined by chemical analyses. The wheat samples were incorporated into soil, and the effect on germination and growth of 12 different weed species was examined in pot experiments under controlled conditions. In some cases significant effects were obtained, but the results were inconsistent and the effects were not correlated to the content of DIMBOA, MBOA, and BOA in the incorporated wheat plants. ED50 doses of the pure compounds were estimated in dose-response experiments in Petri dishes, and these turned out to be much higher than the predicted maximum concentrations of DIMBOA, MBOA, and BOA in the soil water following incorporation. The study shows that a prerequisite for exploiting the incorporation of wheat residues as a weed control strategy is the development of wheat varieties with an increased content of allelochemicals.
|
['Benzoxazines', 'Benzoxazoles', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Germination', 'Herbicides', 'Oxazines', 'Pheromones', 'Poaceae', 'Soil', 'Triticum']
| 16,478,217
|
[['D03.383.533.249', 'D03.633.100.209'], ['D03.633.100.221'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D23.641'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Correlation between the mode of presentation of renal tumors and patient survival].
|
OBJECTIVES: To establish a symptom score and to test its prognostic value in comparison with the usual histological prognostic criteria.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 388 renal tumours were classified into three symptomatic grades according to the circumstances of discovery: S1: incidental discovery, S2; patient presenting with haematuria or low back pain, S3: patient presenting with alteration of general state or symptomatic metastasis. The following prognostic criteria were studied: age, gender, tumour volume, symptom score, ECOG (0 vs 1 or more), stage (TNM 1997), Fuhrman grade, venous and adrenal invasion. Survival rates were compared by the Kaplan-Meier method (Log rank test). Multivariate analysis was performed according to the Cox model.RESULTS: Tumours were classified as T1, T2, T3, T4 in 140 (36.1%), 73 (18.80%), 162 (41.8%) and 13 (3.4%) cases, respectively. 31 tumours were graded as G1 (8%), 167 as G2 (43%), 152 as G3 (39.2%) and 38 as G4 (9.8%), 143 tumours were classified as S1 (36.9%), 159 as S2 (41%) and 86 as S3 (22.10%). 45 patients were N+ (11.6%) and 54 were M+ (13.9%), The mean follow-up was 73 months. The significant parameters on univariate analysis were: ECOG, symptom score, TNM stage, grade, venous and adrenal invasion and tumour volume (p < 0.001), while symptom score, TNM stage and Fuhrman grade were significant on multivariate analysis (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The symptom score is an independent prognostic factor in the same way as tumour stage and grade. This score could be used in a mathematical algorithm predictive of survival of patients with renal cancer.
|
['Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Nephrectomy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 12,703,350
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effects of self-reinforcement and peer-reinforcement on the practice of breast self-examination.
|
Four months after learning breast self-examination (BSE), 169 sorority women assigned to one of three conditions (No Reinforcement, Self-Reinforcement or Peer-Reinforcement) were compared on BSE frequency subsequent to the training. Participants in both of the reinforcement conditions had agreed to a specified reward after each month's BSE, which was either self-delivered (Self-Reinforcement condition) or delivered by a partner (Peer-Reinforcement condition). Analysis of covariance revealed a significant difference among conditions and a Newman-Keuls test demonstrated that participants in both reinforcement conditions reported more months of BSE than those in the No Reinforcement condition. Furthermore, anxiety during BSE training was negatively correlated with BSE during the follow-up period. These results suggest that BSE, like other behaviors, is influenced by perceived support or rewards and by anxiety, and that BSE intervention programs should be designed with these findings in mind.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Anxiety', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Breast Self-Examination', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Education', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Peer Group', 'Reinforcement, Social']
| 10,148,738
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.370.600.750.100', 'F01.145.488.700.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I02.233.332', 'N02.421.726.407'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['F02.463.425.770.706']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Raising the Joint Line in TKA is Associated With Mid-flexion Laxity: A Study in Cadaver Knees.
|
BACKGROUND: In a typical osteoarthritic knee with varus deformity, distal femoral resection based off the worn medial femoral condyle may result in an elevated joint line. In a setting of fixed flexion contracture, the surgeon may choose to resect additional distal femur to obtain extension, thus purposefully raising the joint line. However, the biomechanical effect of raising the joint line is not well recognized.QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: (1) What is the effect of the level of the medial joint line (restored versus raised) on coronal plane stability of a TKA? (2) Does coronal alignment technique (mechanical axis versus kinematic technique) affect coronal plane stability of the knee? (3) Can the effect of medial joint-line elevation on coronal plane laxity be predicted by an analytical model?METHODS: A TKA prosthesis was implanted in 10 fresh frozen nonarthritic cadaveric knees with restoration of the medial joint line at its original level (TKA0). Coronal plane stability was measured at 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°, and 120° flexion using a navigation system while applying an instrumented 9.8-Nm varus and valgus force moment. The joint line then was raised in two steps by recutting the distal and posterior femur by an extra 2 mm (TKA2) and 4 mm (TKA4), downsizing the femoral component and, respectively, adding a 2- and a 4-mm thicker insert. This was done with meticulous protection of the ligaments to avoid damage. Second, a simplified two-dimensional analytical model of the superficial medial collateral ligament (MCL) length based on a single flexion-extension axis was developed. The effect of raising the joint line on the length of the superficial MCL was simulated.RESULTS: Despite that at 0° (2.2° ± 1.5° versus 2.3° ± 1.1° versus 2.5° ± 1.1°; p = 0.85) and 90° (7.5° ± 1.9° versus 9.0° ± 3.1° versus 9.0° ± 3.5°; p = 0.66), there was no difference in coronal plane laxity between the TKA0, TKA2, and TKA4 positions, increased laxity at 30° (4.8° ± 1.9° versus 7.9° ± 2.3° versus 10.2° ± 2.0°; p < 0.001) and 60° (5.7° ± 2.7° versus 8.8° ± 2.9° versus 11.3° ± 2.9°; p < 0.001) was observed when the medial joint line was raised 2 and 4 mm. At 30°, this corresponds to an average increase of 64% (3.1°; p < 0.01) in mid-flexion laxity with a 2-mm raised joint line and a 111% (5.4°; p < 0.01) increase with a 4-mm raised joint line compared with the 9-mm baseline resection. No differences in coronal alignment were found between the knees implanted with kinematic alignment versus mechanical alignment at any flexion angle. The analytical model was consistent with the cadaveric findings and showed lengthening of the superficial MCL in mid-flexion.CONCLUSIONS: Despite a well-balanced knee in full extension and at 90° flexion, increased mid-flexion laxity in the coronal plane was evident in the specimens where the joint line was raised.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: When recutting the distal and posterior femur and downsizing the femoral component, surgeons should be aware that this action might increase the laxity in mid-flexion, even if the knee is stable at 0° and 90°.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cadaver', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Knee Joint', 'Knee Prosthesis', 'Male', 'Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Random Allocation', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors']
| 29,443,845
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E07.695.400.410'], ['A02.513.514.162.600', 'A02.835.583.512.162.600', 'A10.165.669.514.162.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Data (pre-)processing of nominal and accurate mass LC-MS or GC-MS data using MetAlign.
|
This paper gives a step-by-step account of how to install, set up, and run MetAlign software, which can be downloaded freely ( http://www.metalign.wur.nl/UK/Download+and+publications ). The software is used for accurate mass and nominal mass data coming from different kinds of GC-MS and LC-MS platforms. The algorithms are beyond the scope of this paper and were published separately.
|
['Algorithms', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Molecular Weight', 'Software']
| 22,351,181
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['G02.494'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Arabidopsis KLU homologue GmCYP78A72 regulates seed size in soybean.
|
Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important crops in the world, and its yield is largely determined by grain weight and grain size. However, the genes that regulate soybean seed size have not been identified. CYP78A, which is highly conserved within terrestrial plants, regulates organ development. In Arabidopsis, AtCYP78A5/KLU has been shown to determine seed size. In the present study, soybean CYP78A72 (GmCYP78A72), one of the orthologs of KLU, was over-expressed in both Arabidopsis and soybean to examine its function in plant development. GmCYP78A72 heterologous expression in Arabidopsis resulted in enlarged sepals, petals, seeds and carpel. Over-expression of GmCYP78A72 in soybean resulted in increased pea size, which is an extremely desirable trait for enhancing productivity. Moreover, knock-down of GmCYP78A72 does not reduce grain size. However, silencing of GmCYP78A57, GmCYP78A70 and GmCYP78A72 genes in triplet reduces the seed size significantly indicating functional redundancy of these three GmCYP78A genes. In conclusion, we investigated the role of CYP78A in soybean seed regulation, and our strategy can be effectively used to engineer large seed traits in soybean varieties as well as other crops.
|
['Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Flowers', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Silencing', 'Phenotype', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Seeds', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Soybeans']
| 26,482,479
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['E05.393.751'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of extended-spectrum â-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in pig farms in Switzerland.
|
The presence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in pig farms has been widely reported, and the emergence of extended-spectrum â-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) has been documented in several countries. However, data for Switzerland are very scarce. This study aimed to compare changes in the prevalence of MRSA in Swiss pig farms between 2008 and 2015 and make the first ever estimates of the presence of ESBL-E and carbapenemase producers in pigs and pig farm workers. Results showed that ESBL-E was present in both pigs and farm workers and that the proportion of farms with MRSA had increased fourfold in seven years (from 7% to 31%). Associations between antibiotic use and resistant bacteria carriage were shown.
|
['Air Microbiology', 'Animals', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Farms', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Nose', 'Prevalence', 'Swine', 'Switzerland', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 28,636,975
|
[['H01.158.273.540.274.110', 'N06.850.425.110'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['J01.040.372', 'J03.540.150'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['A01.456.505.733', 'A04.531', 'A09.531'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Daily calorie and macronutrient consumption in girls of different somatotypes with different shares of body fat, muscle and bone components].
|
211 practically healthy girls, the students of Krasnoyarsk Medical University in the ages of 16 to 20 years, have been examined. We determined their somatotypes (euriplastic, athletic, subathletic and stenoplastic) and body composition (fat, muscle, bone component). Actual nutrition in these subjects was studied by the method. of 24-hour nutrition recall involving foodstuffs models. Energy consumption in cohorts with different somatotypes did not differ from one another and ranged from 1880 to 2115 kilocalories per day, that corresponded to normal physiological needs in women of this age with the coefficient of physical activity as 1.4 (students). Only the intake of fat (% of calories) exceeded the performance standards. As for macronutrients, the majority of indicators of nutrient intake did not differ significantly among girls with different somatotype, except for fat intake in girls with athletic and stenoplastic somatotypes (p<0.034) and carbohydrate consumption in the objects with euriplastic and subathletic somatotypes (p<0.046). The most significant of the findings is the absence of veracious differences in daily energy consumption between the cohorts with different somatotypes with statistically considerable, differences in both overall dimensions (body mass and length) and the ratios between fat, muscle and bone as somatic components. In general, macronutrient consumption did not show any differences as well. Thus, apart from the energy and macronutrient consumption, definite meaning within the process of the formation of body composition can belong to the characteristics of the changes following nutrition load on lipoid spectrum of blood serum as well 'as the peculiarities of the distribution of substrate flow among cell metabolic paths, appropriate of definite somatotypes.
|
['Adipose Tissue', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Body Height', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Weight', 'Bone and Bones', 'Energy Intake', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Somatotypes', 'Young Adult']
| 27,455,598
|
[['A10.165.114'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['G03.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G07.203.650.620'], ['E01.370.600.115.800', 'G07.100.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Scientific knowledge and the methodologic problem of pain in medicine].
|
The paper discusses the epistemological question of pain and the way this concept forms part of scientific knowledge. The first part gives a rapid overview of the main aspects of modern scientific knowledge. In earlier times Bacon, Galileo and Descartes felt that the new form of knowledge could head to a knowledge of truth and certainty. Today, these ideals have proved unattainable and science only takes the form of well founded, rigorous and objective knowledge. Moreover, the objectivity of science is based on intersubjectivity. The second part of the paper examines pain and underlines that it is a subjective phenomenon which cannot be ascertained by the doctor in the same way as commonplace anatomic and physiological phenomena. Our scientific knowledge of pain is based on operations for which it is possible to achieve an intersubjective knowledge: these operations constitute the protocol criteria on which it is possible to base a scientific knowledge of pain. In the last part of this paper, having stressed that pain is a concept belonging to many disciplines--scientific, psychological, philosophical, religious--the emphasis is placed on pain itself as opposed to suffering. While the former is a concept that belongs to scientific medicine, the latter belongs to that area of medicine which lies beyond the boundaries of science and concerns the activity of a man who helps a fellow human who is suffering.
|
['History, 15th Century', 'History, 16th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, Medieval', 'Humans', 'Knowledge', 'Pain', 'Philosophy', 'Religion', 'Science']
| 10,522,141
|
[['K01.400.475.500'], ['K01.400.475.750'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.468'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['K01.752'], ['K01.844'], ['H01.770']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The neuroprotective effect of Klotho is mediated via regulation of members of the redox system.
|
Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative damage and neuronal cell death, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease. The present study aimed to examine the mechanism by which the anti-aging protein Klotho exerts neuroprotective effects against neuronal damage associated with neurodegeneration and oxidative stress. Pretreatment of rat primary hippocampal neurons and mouse hippocampal neuronal cell line HT22 with recombinant Klotho protected these cells from glutamate and oligomeric amyloid â (oAâ)-induced cytotoxicity. In addition, primary hippocampal neurons obtained from Klotho-overexpressing mouse embryos were more resistant to both cytotoxic insults, glutamate and oAâ, compared with neurons from wild-type littermates. An antioxidative stress array analysis of neurons treated with Klotho revealed that Klotho significantly enhances the expression of the thioredoxin/peroxiredoxin (Trx/Prx) system with the greatest effect on the induction of Prx-2, an antioxidant enzyme, whose increase was confirmed at the mRNA and protein levels. Klotho-induced phosphorylation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, a pathway important in apoptosis and longevity, was associated with sustained inhibitory phosphorylation of the transcription factor forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) and was essential for the induction of Prx-2. Down-regulation of Prx-2 expression using a lentivirus harboring shRNA almost completely abolished the ability of Klotho to rescue neurons from glutamate-induced death and significantly, but not completely, inhibited cell death mediated by oAâ, suggesting that Prx-2 is a key modulator of neuroprotection. Thus, our results demonstrate, for the first time, the neuroprotective role of Klotho and reveal a novel mechanism underlying this effect.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Glucuronidase', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neurons', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 25,037,225
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.450.426'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immunolocation of TNF-alpha/cachectin in human melanoma cells: studies on co-cultivated malignant melanoma.
|
We have investigated the ability of metastatic cells to produce the macrophage cytokine, TNF-alpha/cachectin, as these cells have macrophage-like properties such as infiltration and migration. We looked for TNF-alpha/cachectin in three tumor cell lines derived from human malignant melanomas and six co-cultivated malignant melanomas derived, in vitro, from these three cell lines plus angioma fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry with an anti-TNF-alpha/cachectin monoclonal antibody showed that TNF-alpha/cachectin was produced by two of the three parent melanoma cell lines. All the tumor cells in both the co-cultivated malignant melanomas and their in vitro tumorous nodules produced TNF-alpha/cachectin, even those derived from the melanoma cell line, which originally did not. The results clearly show that TNF-alpha/cachectin can be produced by non-hematopoietic tumor cells. A co-cultivated tumor model prepared from other types of human tumor cell lines promises to provide a useful tool for exploring the relationship between TNF-alpha/cachectin and oncogenesis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Cell Communication', 'Cell Line', 'DNA Probes', 'Female', 'Hemangioma', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 1,991,983
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['C04.557.645.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fasting and diabetes mellitus elicit opposite effects on agonist-stimulated prostacyclin synthesis by the rat aorta.
|
The effects of prolonged fasting and experimental nonketonuric diabetes on rat aortic prostacyclin (PGl2) synthesis were compared. Whereas fasting (for 48 hours or longer) resulted in a marked increase in trauma-, adrenaline-, and U46619-stimulated aortic PGI2 synthesis, prolonged experimental (streptozotocin-induced) nonketonuric diabetes caused a marked decrease in aortic PGI2 synthesis stimulated by the above agonists. Arachidonic acid (AA)-stimulated aortic PGI2 synthesis in fasted and diabetic rats, however, was not different from that in controls. The reduction in adrenaline- and U46619-stimulated, but not AA-induced, PGI2 synthesis in the diabetic rat suggests that the diminished production of PGI2 in diabetes may be due to diminished phospholipase A2 (or of the phospholipase C-diglyceride lipase system) activity, diminished AA stores, or both. The opposite effects of prolonged fasting and diabetes on aortic PGI2 synthesis suggest that caution should be exercised when comparing the metabolic consequences of starvation with those of diabetes.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Vessels', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Epinephrine', 'Epoprostenol', 'Fasting', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Male', 'Prostaglandin Endoperoxides, Synthetic', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 3,298,934
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['A07.015'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.550.500', 'D23.469.050.175.725.550.500'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.250', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.250', 'D23.469.700.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['C26']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronochemotherapy: L 1210 leukemia and beyond.
|
In cancer and other therapeutic research, an interpretation of median survival times can and should take cure into account. With this qualification, an analysis of recently published data provides further statistically significant evidence in favor of cancer chronotherapy as compared to homeostatic therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Cytarabine', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Leukemia L1210', 'Mice']
| 520,097
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Towards a definition of glomerulomegaly: clinical-pathological and methodological considerations.
|
BACKGROUND: Glomerulomegaly, the abnormal enlargement of glomeruli, has been related to an increased risk of glomerulosclerosis, but the degree of enlargement that constitutes glomerulomegaly has not been defined.METHODS: The principal stereological methods for estimating glomerular volume are [1] the disector/Cavalieri method that is considered the 'gold standard' for measuring individual glomerular volume (IV(glom)) and [2] the disector/fractionator technique that estimates average glomerular volume (V(glom)) together with total glomerular number (N(glom)) for the entire kidney. The two methods produce different estimates with V(glom) consistently exceeding IV(glom). This study compares glomerular volumes obtained by the two methods in autopsy kidneys of 39 African American and 34 US white adult males, and correlates the values with N(glom), body mass index (BMI), hypertension, glomerulosclerosis and race, factors known or thought to influence glomerular volume.RESULTS: For the smallest glomeruli, V(glom) was 25% larger than IV(glom) with the difference increasing to over 50% for kidneys with the largest glomeruli. Both V(glom) and IV(glom) showed significant inverse correlations with N(glom) and significant direct correlations with BMI and hypertension. African Americans had larger IV(glom) and V(glom) than whites, but only IV(glom) was significant. The 90th percentile for IV(glom) was 6.81 ìm(3) ? 10(6) and 13.10 ìm(3) ? 10(6) for V(glom), but larger glomerular size did not separate hypertensive from non-hypertensive subjects nor did it show any significant relationship to glomerulosclerosis. While V(glom) overestimated glomerular size compared with IV(glom), both measurements demonstrated similar relationships to factors influencing glomerular volume.CONCLUSIONS: With neither method could glomerulomegaly, the abnormal enlargement of glomerular size predisposing to glomerulosclerosis, be determined.
|
['Adult', 'African Americans', 'Aged', 'Autopsy', 'Body Mass Index', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Glomerulus', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Young Adult']
| 21,115,671
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.660', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A05.810.453.324.359', 'A05.810.453.736.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Orange-Emissive Carbon Quantum Dots: Toward Application in Wound pH Monitoring Based on Colorimetric and Fluorescent Changing.
|
Monitoring of wound pH is critical for interpreting wound status, because early identification of wound infection or nonhealing wounds is conducive to administion of therapies at the right time. Here, novel orange-emissive carbon quantum dots (O-CDs) are synthesized via microwave-assisted heating of 1,2,4-triaminobenzene and urea aqueous solution. The as-prepared O-CDs exhibit distinctive colorimetric response to pH changing, and also display pH-sensitive fluorescence. Benefiting from the response of O-CDs over a wound-relevant pH range (5-9), medical cotton cloth is selected to immobilize O-CDs through hydrogen bond interactions, the resultant O-CDs-coated cloth with emission at 560 nm shows a high response to pH variation in the range of 5-9 via both fluorescence and visible colorimetric changes. Moreover, the sensitivity of fluorescence to pH is capable of establishing an analytical mode for determining pH value. Further, the O-CDs-based pH indicator possesses not only superior biocompatibility and drug compatibility but also excellent resistance leachability and high reversibility. Importantly, the usage of O-CDs-coated cloth to detect pH is free from the interference of blood contamination and long-term storage, thus providing a valuable strategy for wound pH monitoring through visual response and quantitative determination.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Line', 'Colorimetry', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Light', 'Mice', 'Quantum Dots', 'Rats', 'Solutions', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Wound Healing']
| 31,518,068
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.150'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E07.705', 'J01.637.512.600.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Experience on the treatment of acute anorectal abscess with primary fistulotomy].
|
From August 1985 to July 1989, 72 cases with initial attacks of acute cryptoglandular anorectal abscesses were hospitalized and treated in Kuang Tien General Hospital. Among them were 52 cases of the perianal type, 8 of the intersphincteric type, 11 of the ischiorectal type and one case involving the supralevator space. Included were 62 males and 10 females (sex ratio 6:1) with a mean age of 39 years (range, 18 to 63). The mean duration of the follow-up was 24 months. Most anorectal abscesses originate from a cryptoglandular infection and are usually treated initially by incision and drainage. However, a fistula operation may be required if a fistula develops weeks or months later. Several published papers from various hospitals have also pointed out that this disease condition can be successfully treated by a one-stage operation-primary fistulotomy. In order to determine the source of infection, careful examination was carried out in the operating room under adequate anesthesia. A definite or at least a highly suspected offending crypt was found in 57 cases, all of whom were treated by primary fistulotomy. The remaining 15 cases whose offending crypts were undetectable, were treated by incision and drainage. Of the 57 cases treated with primary fistulotomy, four cases developed recurrent abscesses or fistulas. In the incision and drainage group, five cases developed recurrences. Among the nine cases of recurrence, five were of the ischiorectal type. The author surmises that acute anorectal abscess of the ischiorectal type was rarely cured by the one-stage primary fistulotomy operation. However, for the majority of perianal and intersphincteric abscesses, primary fistulotomy should be the first choice of management.
|
['Abscess', 'Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anus Diseases', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Rectal Diseases', 'Rectal Fistula', 'Recurrence']
| 2,362,300
|
[['C01.830.025', 'C23.550.470.756.100'], ['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C06.405.469.860.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.405.469.860'], ['C06.267.550.600', 'C06.405.469.471.600', 'C06.405.469.860.752', 'C23.300.575.185.550.600'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Oral health status, salivary factors and microbial analysis in patients with active gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
|
AIM: To present a complex oral health status including salivary factors, microbial analysis and periodontal and hygiene indices in patients with active gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). Return of stomach contents is quite common in cases of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Pathological acid movement from the stomach into the oesophagus and oral cavity may lead to a development of dental erosion. Long-lasting untreated GORD may damage hard dental and periodontal tissues and alter the oral microbial environment. The quality and amount of the saliva play an important role in hard and soft oral tissues changes.METHOD: Fifty patients with diagnosed GORD using 24-hour pH manometry underwent dental examination; 24 patients had active GORD and had been waiting for surgical therapy. In this patient group oral health status and salivary analysis were evaluated.RESULTS: Indicated low salivary flow rates and buffering capacity with a low caries risk but a high risk for dental erosion progression.
|
['Adult', 'Buffers', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'DMF Index', 'Dental Caries', 'Dental Plaque', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Lactobacillus', 'Male', 'Manometry', 'Middle Aged', 'Oral Health', 'Periodontal Index', 'Risk Factors', 'Saliva', 'Secretory Rate', 'Streptococcus mutans', 'Tooth Erosion']
| 21,851,356
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.350', 'E06.208.266', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.340', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.350', 'N06.890.160.100'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['B03.353.750.450.475', 'B03.510.460.400.410.475.475', 'B03.510.550.450.475'], ['E05.559'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N01.400.535'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A12.200.666'], ['G03.857'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520'], ['C07.793.818.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Development of arm-specific and subtelomeric region-specific painting probes for Chinese hamster chromosomes and their utility in chromosome identification of Chinese hamster cell lines.
|
Arm-specific and subtelomeric region-specific painting probes for Chinese hamster chromosomes have been generated by microdissection and use of the degenerate oligonucleotide-primed polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses using these probes demonstrated their specificity. These probes painted every chromosome arm and a total of 15 subtelomeric regions, namely, both ends of chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 8 and one end of chromosome arms 5q, 6q, 7q, 9p, and Xp. Many cryptic chromosomal rearrangements in the CHO-9 and V79 cell lines that were not detectable with whole chromosome paints could be recognized when these newly developed probes were used.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosome Painting', 'Chromosomes', 'Cricetinae', 'DNA Probes', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Telomere']
| 10,072,579
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350.125', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350.125', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350.125', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350.125', 'E05.393.285.350.125', 'E05.393.661.475.350.125'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['A16.254'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The practical benefits of ambulatory continuous ECG recording].
|
The diagnostic yield from ambulatory continuous ECG recording (Holter ECG) has been evaluated retrospectively in 200 consecutive patients referred from an urban population of 250,000 for arrhythmia diagnosis or evaluation. About half of the patients were in hospital, the other half were ambulatory. In 20/200 (10%) the examination was obviously useful: indication for therapy was documented or arrhythmia and symptoms did not coincide. 53/200 (26.5%) possibly benefited, with qualitative or quantitative observations of clinical interest, and 127 (63.5%) probably did not benefit (no previously unknown findings of importance). Of the 85 patients referred for syncope, six obviously benefited and ten possibly benefited from the examination.
|
['Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Humans', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 8,480,288
|
[['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression in gene-targeted mice.
|
Gene-targeted mice are now routinely employed as tools for defining the contribution of different leukocyte and endothelial cell adhesion molecules to the leukocyte recruitment and tissue injury associated with acute and chronic inflammation. The objective of this study was to determine whether gene-targeted mice that are deficient in CD11/CD18, intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), or P-selectin exhibit an altered constitutive or induced expression of the endothelial cell adhesion molecules E- and P-selectin. The gene-targeted mice were all developed in the 129Sv mouse strain and backcrossed into C57B1/6J mice. The number of backcrosses ranged between 8 (P-selectin) and 10 (CD18 and ICAM-1) generations. The dual-radiolabeled monoclonal antibody technique was used to quantify E- and P-selectin expression in different vascular beds. In the unstimulated state, E-selectin expression was significantly elevated (relative to wild-type mice) in the stomach, large intestine, and brain of mutants deficient in ICAM-1. In general, constitutive expression of P-selectin did not differ between wild-type, ICAM-1-deficient, and CD11/CD18-deficient mutants. In CD11/CD18-deficient mice, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) administration elicited a more profound upregulation of P-selectin in several vascular beds, compared with wild-type and ICAM-1-deficient mice. E-selectin expression in brain of TNF-alpha-stimulated, ICAM-1-deficient, and P-selectin-deficient mice was attenuated compared with wild-type mice. These findings indicate that chronic deficiency of some of the adhesion glycoproteins that mediate leukocyte recruitment alters basal and induced surface expression of other adhesion molecules on endothelial cells.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Vessels', 'CD11 Antigens', 'CD18 Antigens', 'E-Selectin', 'Gene Targeting', 'Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'P-Selectin', 'Reference Values', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 9,362,259
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093', 'D23.050.301.350.074'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.275.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.275.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.200.249', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.100.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.249.750', 'D23.050.301.264.894.118', 'D23.050.301.350.275.750', 'D23.101.100.894.118'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.300', 'D12.776.503.843.300', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.300', 'D23.050.301.350.700.300'], ['E05.393.335'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.450', 'D12.776.543.550.200.450', 'D23.050.301.350.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.395.550.625.905', 'D12.776.503.843.775', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.543.550.625.905', 'D23.050.301.350.700.775'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hypomethylation of ETS transcription factor binding sites and upregulation of PARP1 expression in endometrial cancer.
|
Although PARP1 promoter methylation is involved in the regulation of PARP1 expression in human keratinocyte lines and lymphoblastoid cell lines, its roles in human endometrial cancer are unknown. DNA from forty normal endometrium (NE) and fifty endometrial adenocarcinoma (EAC) tissues were analyzed by bisulfite sequencing using primers focusing on the core promoter region of PARP1. Expression levels of PARP1 were assessed by immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. Associations between patient clinicopathological characteristics and PARP1 protein levels were assessed by Fisher's exact test. Here, PARP1 mRNA and protein were overexpressed in EAC tissues (P < 0.05). CpG sites within the ETS motif in the PARP1 promoter exhibited significant hypomethylation in EAC tissues, and there was a significant negative correlation between PARP1 mRNA levels and the number of methylated sites in both NE and EAC tissues (R (2) = 0.262, P < 0.001). Notably, PARP1 protein expression was associated with FIGO stage (P = 0.026), histological grade (P = 0.002) , and body mass index (P = 0.04). Our findings imply that PARP1 overexpression may participate in endometrial cancer progression, and abnormal hypomethylation of CpG sites within the ETS motif in the core promoter region may be responsible for PARP1 overexpression in EAC tissues.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA Methylation', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1', 'Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Binding', 'Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Up-Regulation']
| 23,762,867
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690.420'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.260.665.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.175.100', 'D12.776.930.720.100'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prediction of Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) by Structural Parameters.
|
Modeling of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties is important for the prediction and mechanism characterization in drug discovery and development. Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) is a four-class system based on solubility and metabolism. This system is employed to delineate the role of transporters in pharmacokinetics and their interaction with metabolizing enzymes. It further anticipates drug disposition and potential drug-drug interactions in the liver and intestine. According to BDDCS, drugs are classified into four groups in terms of the extent of metabolism and solubility (high and low). In this study, structural parameters of drugs were used to develop classification-based models for the prediction of BDDCS class. Reported BDDCS data of drugs were collected from the literature, and structural descriptors (Abraham solvation parameters and octanol-water partition coefficient (log P)) were calculated by ACD/Labs software. Data were divided into training and test sets. Classification-based models were then used to predict the class of each drug in BDDCS system using structural parameters and the validity of the established models was evaluated by an external test set. The results of this study showed that log P and Abraham solvation parameters are able to predict the class of solubility and metabolism in BDDCS system with good accuracy. Based on the developed methods for prediction solubility and metabolism class, BDDCS could be predicted in the correct with an acceptable accuracy. Structural properties of drugs, i.e. logP and Abraham solvation parameters (polarizability, hydrogen bonding acidity and basicity), are capable of estimating the class of solubility and metabolism with an acceptable accuracy.
|
['Biopharmaceutics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Molecular Structure', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Solubility']
| 31,287,788
|
[['H01.158.703.003', 'H02.628.049'], ['E05.599'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D26'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An explanation of the upward drift in oxygen uptake during prolonged sub-maximal downhill running.
|
The upward drift in oxygen uptake (UDO) that occurs during some prolonged sub-maximal exercises involving eccentric muscle action has received only scant attention in the literature. Those papers reporting UDO have generally used bicycling on an ergometer modified for eccentric exercise as the experimental activity. The purpose of this study was to quantify and propose an explanation for UDO during a different activity involving eccentric muscle action--downhill running. Oxygen consumption, quadriceps muscle electromyography, and stride length were collected from 10 experienced male runners (mean maximal oxygen consumption = 65.0 +/- 5.2 ml X kg X min-1) during two 40-min sub-maximal runs at 3.83 m X s-1. The first run was on a level grade and required 66% of the subjects' mean maximal oxygen consumption. The second run, completed 2 d later, was performed on a 10% downhill grade and elicited 44% of the mean maximal oxygen consumption. Results of the level run showed non-significant changes in oxygen consumption, rectified integrated electromyography, and stride length between minutes 10 and 40. Significant (P less than 0.05) increases in oxygen consumption (10%) and integrated electromyography (23%) were found across the same time period of the downhill run. No significant changes in downhill stride length were observed. Delayed-onset muscle soreness, a presumed indication of muscle damage, occurred only following the downhill run. It is hypothesized that UDO and increasing integrated electromyography during downhill running reflected increased motor unit recruitment within the eccentrically acting muscles caused by an ongoing combination of muscle damage, connective tissue damage, and local muscle fatigue.
|
['Adult', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Muscles', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Pain', 'Running']
| 3,600,246
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['G03.680'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Variability in laboratory reporting practices for regions of homozygosity indicating parental relatedness as identified by SNP microarray testing.
|
PURPOSE: Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays are capable of detecting regions of homozygosity (ROH) that can suggest parental consanguinity or incest. This study was designed to describe the variable reporting practices of clinical laboratories in the United States regarding ROH found on SNP microarray tests, to discuss the follow-up practices of laboratory personnel when findings of ROH indicate consanguinity or incest, and to highlight the legal and ethical dilemmas faced by workers who have discovered these incidental findings.METHODS: A 20-question survey was administered to microarray experts at 18 laboratories offering clinical SNP microarray tests. The results are presented using descriptive statistics.RESULTS: There was variability in laboratory SNP microarray reporting practices with respect to information and interpretation of ROH findings. All the laboratories agreed that they have a duty to inform the ordering physician about results suggesting consanguinity or incest, but the follow-through practices varied among laboratories.CONCLUSIONS: This study discovered variability in reporting practices and follow-up procedures for microarray results that suggest parental consanguinity or incest. Our findings highlight the need for laboratory guidelines to standardize reporting practices for SNP microarray and other tests that are capable of detecting ROH.
|
['Consanguinity', 'Disclosure', 'Genetic Testing', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Incest', 'Laboratory Personnel', 'Observer Variation', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']
| 22,791,212
|
[['G05.090.403.180', 'G05.180'], ['F01.829.401.046', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134', 'L01.143.335'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.735.442'], ['M01.526.502'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of Rates of Hospitalization and Emergency Department Visits Using Self-Report and South Carolina Administrative Billing Data Among a Population-Based Cohort With Spinal Cord Injury.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare self-report and South Carolina administrative billing data documentation of emergency department (ED) visits and hospitalizations in the past 12 months among a population-based cohort of persons with spinal cord injury (SCI).DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: SCI surveillance system in South Carolina.PARTICIPANTS: Persons (N=605) sustaining a traumatic SCI between January 1, 1998 and December 31, 2011 in South Carolina who, at the time of study assessment, were adults, were >1 years postinjury, and had not made a complete recovery.INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Hospitalizations and ED visits in the past 12 months.RESULTS: There was a significantly higher rate of reporting >1 hospitalizations in the past year for self-report (36%) as compared with South Carolina administrative billing data (26%) (P<.001), but not for >1 ED visits (48% vs 45%; P=.11). Decreased physical health and increased injury severity were associated with higher reporting rates of hospitalization. Physical health and injury severity were predictive of both self-report and South Carolina administrative billing data of hospitalizations, whereas years postinjury and race were also predictors of South Carolina administrative billing data hospitalizations.CONCLUSIONS: Our comparison of self-report and South Carolina administrative billing data hospitalizations and ED visits showed a significantly higher rate of reporting of hospitalizations using self-report, specifically among those with poor physical health and higher injury severity. Future work should look at different ways of asking about health care utilization and compare with South Carolina administrative billing data documentation to identify the best ways to assess through self-report.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Data Collection', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Insurance Claim Review', 'Male', 'Mental Health', 'Middle Aged', 'Self Report', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'South Carolina', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Trauma Severity Indices']
| 27,084,264
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.215'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.662', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.700'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
YMF: A program for discovery of novel transcription factor binding sites by statistical overrepresentation.
|
A fundamental challenge facing biologists is to identify DNA binding sites for unknown regulatory factors, given a collection of genes believed to be coregulated. The program YMF identifies good candidates for such binding sites by searching for statistically overrepresented motifs. More specifically, YMF enumerates all motifs in the search space and is guaranteed to produce those motifs with greatest z-scores. This note describes the YMF web software, available at http://bio.cs.washington.edu/software.html.
|
['Algorithms', 'Binding Sites', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Internet', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Software', 'Transcription Factors', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 12,824,371
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['L01.224.900'], ['D12.776.930'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endoscopic transanal resection using the urological resectoscope in the management of patients with rectal villous adenomas.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study reviewed the outcome of endoscopic transanal resection (ETAR) for the treatment of patients with villous rectal adenomas (VRA).PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study included 28 consecutive patients who underwent ETAR for VRA between October 1992 and December 2000. All tumors were believed to be benign (clinical examination, endorectal ultrasonography, multiples biopsies) A retrospective evaluation of the outcome of ETAR was performed.RESULTS: Thirteen patients (46.4%) had a large VRA with a tumor length of more than 5 cm. The tumor involved the anterior rectal wall in ten cases. Ten patients (35.7%) required more than one procedure. Median operating time was 35 min (range 20-50). Morbidity was 5% ( n=2); no patient died. Median postoperative stay was 3 days (range 1-5). Three patients (9.3%) were confirmed on histology as having adenocarcinoma of the rectum and underwent a conventional surgical procedure. At a median follow-up of 5 years (2.5-10.5), two recurrences were noted.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that the technique of transanal resection has a limited but valuable place in rectal surgery. ETAR is a simple, minimally invasive, and economical method for treatment of patient with VRA. ETAR should be performed in collaboration with an experienced urological endoscopist. ETAR is a useful addition to the surgeon's armamentarium together with laser destruction and transanal endoscopic microsurgery.
|
['Adenoma, Villous', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anal Canal', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,103,489
|
[['C04.557.470.035.185'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Heterogeneity in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms includes expression of ribosome hibernation factors in the antibiotic-tolerant subpopulation and hypoxia-induced stress response in the metabolically active population.
|
Bacteria growing in biofilms are physiologically heterogeneous, due in part to their adaptation to local environmental conditions. Here, we characterized the local transcriptome responses of Pseudomonas aeruginosa growing in biofilms by using a microarray analysis of isolated biofilm subpopulations. The results demonstrated that cells at the top of the biofilms had high mRNA abundances for genes involved in general metabolic functions, while mRNA levels for these housekeeping genes were low in cells at the bottom of the biofilms. Selective green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeling showed that cells at the top of the biofilm were actively dividing. However, the dividing cells had high mRNA levels for genes regulated by the hypoxia-induced regulator Anr. Slow-growing cells deep in the biofilms had little expression of Anr-regulated genes and may have experienced long-term anoxia. Transcripts for ribosomal proteins were associated primarily with the metabolically active cell fraction, while ribosomal RNAs were abundant throughout the biofilms, indicating that ribosomes are stably maintained even in slowly growing cells. Consistent with these results was the identification of mRNAs for ribosome hibernation factors (the rmf and PA4463 genes) at the bottom of the biofilms. The dormant biofilm cells of a P. aeruginosa Ärmf strain had decreased membrane integrity, as shown by propidium iodide staining. Using selective GFP labeling and cell sorting, we show that the dividing cells are more susceptible to killing by tobramycin and ciprofloxacin. The results demonstrate that in thick P. aeruginosa biofilms, cells are physiologically distinct spatially, with cells deep in the biofilm in a viable but antibiotic-tolerant slow-growth state.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biofilms', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Oxygen', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Tobramycin']
| 22,343,293
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D12.776.097'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['G07.775'], ['D09.408.051.476.600.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dicarabrol, a new dimeric sesquiterpene from Carpesium abrotanoides L.
|
A new dimeric sesquiterpene, dicarabrol (1), together with three known sesquiterpenes, carabrol (2), 11(13)-dehydroivaxillin (3), and 2-desoxy-4-epi-pulchellin (4), were isolated from the whole plant of Carpesium abrotanoides L. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compound 1 possessed a dimeric sesquiterpene core featured with a cyclopentane ring connecting two sesquiterpene lactone units rarely discovered in nature. Dicarabrol (1), as well as three known sesquiterpenes (2-4), had potent in vitro cytotoxicities against the K562, MCF-7, Hela, DU145, U937, H1975, SGC-7901, A549, MOLT-4, and HL60 cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.10 to 46.7 ìM, while they showed significant antiviral (H1N1 and H3N2) activities. Furthermore, compounds 1, 3 and 4 displayed significant antimycobacterial activity (IC50 3.7, 6.0, and 7.6 ìM, respectively).
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Asteraceae', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 26,316,467
|
[['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Supraciliary shunt in refractory glaucoma.
|
AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Gold Micro Shunt (GMS) for suprachoroidal drainage in patients with refractory glaucoma.METHODS: This is a prospective uncontrolled case series study. Fifty-five eyes of 55 patients were included. Study eyes underwent GMS implantation in the supraciliary space. Follow-up visits were performed on day 1, week 1 and months 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24; patients underwent slit-lamp examination, Goldmann applanation tonometry, ultrasound biomicroscopy and gonioscopy.RESULTS: Before inclusion, the eyes underwent an average (± SD) of 1.9 ± 0.7 (range 1-5) previous glaucoma surgery procedures. Forty eyes were pseudophakic, 12 were phakic and 3 were aphakic. The mean baseline intraocular pressure was 30.8 ± 8.8 mm Hg (range 22-58 mm Hg) despite maximal medical treatment. After 2 years of follow-up, qualified success was achieved in 37 eyes (67.3%) and complete success was achieved in 3 eyes (5.5%). In success group patients, mean intraocular pressure decreased from 27.6 ± 6.9 at baseline to 13.7 ± 2.98 mm Hg after 2 years of follow-up; the mean (± SD) number of medications was 1.4 ± 0.7 in the postoperative phase, compared with a value of 2.5 ± 0.9 in the preoperative phase. Mild side effects occurred in 21 patients, with mild or moderate postoperative hyphema being the most frequent one. Development of a thin membrane, obstructing the anterior holes, was the most important factor affecting the efficacy of this device; it was found to be present in 12 patients from the failure group (66.7% of failures).CONCLUSION: GMS achieved qualified success in about 67.3% of eyes with uncontrolled refractory glaucoma with a low rate of complications.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Glaucoma', 'Glaucoma Drainage Implants', 'Gonioscopy', 'Humans', 'Hyphema', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Acoustic', 'Middle Aged', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Reoperation', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Fields', 'Young Adult']
| 21,873,316
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C11.525.381'], ['E07.695.250'], ['E01.370.380.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.290.484', 'C23.550.414.756.550'], ['G14.440'], ['E01.370.350.515.370', 'E01.370.350.850.565', 'E05.595.370'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['E04.650'], ['E04.690'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The mercury levels in crustaceans and cephalopods from Peninsular Malaysia.
|
This study is to determine total mercury in edible tissues of eight species of cephalopods and 12 species of crustaceans purchased from 11 identified major fish landing ports and wet markets throughout Peninsular Malaysia. The concentration of mercury was measured by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) technique using the Perkin Elmer Flow Injection Mercury System (FIMS-400). In general, the mercury levels were low with concentrations in cephalopods ranging from 0.099 to 2.715 mg/kg dry weight (or 0.0184-0.505 mg/kg wet weight) and in crustaceans ranging from 0.057 to 1.359 mg/kg dry weight (or 0.0111-0.265 mg/kg wet weight). The mercury levels showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) between species for both cephalopods and crustaceans. There was no significant correlation between mercury concentrations and the body size of individual for both groups as well. Comparisons with mercury levels obtained found from other previous studies and/or species noted that they were of the same magnitude or relatively low compared to various locations reported worldwide.
|
['Animals', 'Body Size', 'Cephalopoda', 'Crustacea', 'Malaysia', 'Mercury', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 25,916,470
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['B01.050.500.644.116'], ['B01.050.500.131.365'], ['Z01.252.145.487'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the CNS.
|
This paper reports on 10 patients (4 male, 6 female) with primary non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the brain (CNS-NHL--mean age 46.8 years, mean postdiagnostic survival 10 months). Pathological CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) was found in all 8 patients examined (positive cytology in 7/8 cases). Solitary tumors, diffuse periventricular infiltration or diffuse cerebral infiltration were demonstrated in cerebral computer-assisted tomography (CAT). Angiographical findings were unspecific. The histologic subtypes were lymphoplasmacytoid immunocytoma (4), unclassified low grade (1), centroblastic (1), B-immunoblastic (1), T-immunoblastic (1), lymphoblastic convoluted T-cell type (1), unclassified high grade (1) NHL. Patients who had received radiotherapy (+/- surgery) in this group had a mean survival of 15.66 months (sigma = 7.63). In addition, an overview of 83 well-documented, cases of the literature tries to characterize main histological and topographical distributions, histology-, patient's age-, and therapy-related survival. Patients with primary CNS-NHL have a 5-year survival expectancy of 30% compared with 2.3% in secondary CNS-manifestations of systemic non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. In this report, the beneficial effect of radiotherapy (mean survival 30.3 months) compared to surgery or symptomatic treatment (3.6 or 3.3 months) could be confirmed. It is concluded that primary CNS-NHL frequently present with atypical neuropsychiatric syndromes; diagnosis should be established preferentially with CAT and CSF-examinations or stereotactic biopsies, whereas open surgery should be avoided. An approach to exact classification should be attempted, as survival is clearly related to histological subtypes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 3,751,501
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Haematospermia as a presenting symptom: outcomes of investigation in 300 men.
|
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The optimum investigation of haematospermia is unknown. The association of this condition in relation to pathology and in particular prostate cancer is controversial and there is a paucity of evidence based literature regarding the above. The aim of this study was to investigate haematospermia as a presenting symptom of significant underlying pathology and to assess the diagnostic value of routine urological investigations.METHODS: 300 consecutive patients referred from primary care to a tertiary urology referral centre presenting with haematospermia were included in this observational case series. Data on patient age, concurrent presenting symptoms and urological history were collected. Subsequent patient investigations and final diagnoses were recorded. PSA and digital rectal examination (DRE) findings were noted in the over 40 age group.RESULTS: Of 469 investigative episodes, comprising: 206 flexible cystoscopies, 232 renal ultrasounds, 16 intravenous urograms (IVUs) and 15 scrotal ultrasounds; only 2 (0.4%) resulted in findings of significant new pathology which required surgical intervention. 13 prostate cancers were detected (5.7%) and 2 of dysplasia, all in men over 40 years either with a PSA of >3.0 ng/dl or an abnormal DRE.CONCLUSIONS: PSA measurement and a DRE should be carried out in patients over the age of 40 years presenting with haematospermia to screen for prostate cancer. Investigation of haematospermia in the form of flexible cystoscopy, ultrasound or IVU has a very poor diagnostic yield and is not recommended routinely for an initial presentation of haematospermia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hemospermia', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Examination', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'United Kingdom', 'Young Adult']
| 22,682,581
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C12.294.293'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Characterization of fungal antagonistic bacilli isolated from aerial roots of banyan (Ficus benghalensis) using intact-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (ICMS).
|
AIMS: To characterize fungal antagonistic bacilli isolated from aerial roots of banyan tree and identify the metabolites responsible for their antifungal activity.METHODS AND RESULTS: Seven gram positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped endophytic bacterial strains exhibiting a broad-spectrum antifungal activity were isolated from the surface-sterilized aerial roots of banyan tree. The isolates designated as K1, A2, A4 and A12 were identified as Bacillus subtilis, whereas isolates A11 and A13 were identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens using Biolog Microbial Identification System. The antifungal lipopeptides, surfactins, iturins and fengycins with masses varying in the range from m/z 900 to m/z 1550 could be detected using intact-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (ICMS). On the basis of mass spectral and carbon source utilization profile, all seven endophytes could be distinguished from each other. Furthermore, ICMS analysis revealed higher extent of heterogeneity among iturins and fengycins produced by B. subtilis K1, correlating well with its higher antifungal activity in comparison with other isolates.CONCLUSION: Seven fungal antagonistic bacilli were isolated from aerial roots of banyan tree, exhibiting broad spectrum of antifungal activity, among which B. subtilis K1 isolate was found to be most potent. The ICMS analysis revealed that all these isolates produced cyclic lipopeptides belonging to surfactin, iturin and fengycin families and exhibited varying degree of heterogeneity.SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The endophytes are considered as a potential source of novel bioactive metabolites, and this study describes the potent fungal antagonistic bacilli from aerial roots of banyan tree. The isolates described in this study have a prospective application as biocontrol agents. Also ICMS analysis described in this study for characterization of antifungal metabolites produced by banyan endophytic bacilli may be used as a high throughput tool for screening of microbes producing novel cyclic lipopeptides.
|
['Antibiosis', 'Bacillus', 'Bacillus subtilis', 'Biological Control Agents', 'Endophytes', 'Ficus', 'Fungi', 'Lipopeptides', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Plant Roots', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization']
| 23,387,377
|
[['G06.550.050', 'G16.062'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D20.215.113'], ['B05.237'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.406.500'], ['B01.300'], ['D10.477', 'D12.644.365'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['A18.400'], ['E05.196.566.755']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rational design and bioimaging applications of highly selective fluorescence probes for hydrogen polysulfides.
|
Reactive sulfur species have received considerable attention due to their various biological functions. Among these molecules, hydrogen polysulfides (H2S(n), n > 1) are recently suggested to be the actual signaling molecules derived from hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Hydrogen polysulfides may also have their own biosynthetic pathways. The research on H2S(n) is rapidly growing. However, the detection of H2S(n) is still challenging. In this work we report a H2S(n)-mediated benzodithiolone formation under mild conditions. Based on this reaction, specific fluorescent probes for H2S(n) are prepared and evaluated. The probe DSP-3 shows good selectivity and sensitivity for H2S(n).
|
['Fluorescent Dyes', 'Hydrogen Sulfide', 'Molecular Structure', 'Sulfides']
| 24,809,803
|
[['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D01.029.260.340', 'D01.362.350', 'D01.875.350'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Some major transport mechanisms of insect absorptive epithelia.
|
1. After hormonal stimulation, fluid reabsorption (JV) in locust hindgut from the KCl-rich, low-Na primary urine is driven primarily by an unusual mucosal electrogenic Cl- pump (JCl). 2. Cyclic-AMP increases JCl and also mucosal K+ and basolateral Cl- conductances, so that KCl absorption exceeds that of Na+ in rectum but not ileum. 3. Mucosal entry of Na+ occurs by exchange for NH4+ (H+), by cotransport with some neutral amino acids, and through putative channels. 4. However, transport of proline, the predominant organic substrate, is largely Na-independent and drives a sizable component of Jv in rectal but not ileal segments. 5. There is evidence for hormonal control of Na+ reabsorption in ileum but not rectum.
|
['Absorption', 'Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Chlorides', 'Digestive System', 'Epithelium', 'Grasshoppers', 'Potassium', 'Sodium']
| 2,902,972
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['A03'], ['A10.272'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.678.369'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The additional ACh binding site at the á4(+)/á4(-) interface of the (á4â2)2á4 nicotinic ACh receptor contributes to desensitization.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Nicotinic ACh (á4â2)2á4 receptors are highly prone to desensitization by prolonged exposure to low concentrations of agonist. Here, we report on the sensitivity of the three agonist sites of the (á4â2)2á4 to desensitization induced by prolonged exposure to ACh. We present electrophysiological data that show that the agonist sites of the (á4â2)2á4 receptor have different sensitivity to desensitization and that full receptor occupation decreases sensitivity to desensitization.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology was used to study the desensitization of concatenated (á4â2)2á4 receptors expressed heterologously in Xenopus oocytes. Desensitization was assessed by measuring the degree of functional inhibition caused by prolonged exposure to ACh, as measured under equilibrium conditions. We used the single-point mutation á4W182A to measure the contribution of individual agonist sites to desensitization.KEY RESULTS: (á4â2)2á4 receptors are less sensitive to activation and desensitization by ACh than (á4â2)2â2 receptors. Incorporation of á4W182A into any of the agonist sites of concatenated (á4â2)2á4 receptors decreased sensitivity to activation and desensitization but the effects were more pronounced when the mutation was introduced into the á4(+)/á4(-) interface.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The findings suggest that the agonist sites in (á4â2)2á4 receptors are not functionally equivalent. The agonist site at the á4(+)/á4(-) interface defines the sensitivity of (á4â2)2á4 receptors to agonist-induced activation and desensitization. Functional differences between (á4â2)2á4 and (á4â2)2â2 receptors might shape the physiological and behavioural responses to nicotinic ligands when the receptors are exposed to nicotinic ligands for prolonged periods of times.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Ligands', 'Nicotinic Agonists', 'Oocytes', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Point Mutation', 'Receptors, Nicotinic', 'Time Factors', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 23,742,319
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.140.700', 'D27.505.696.577.120.140.700'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.750.130.687', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.550'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Population genetics of hereditary hemochromatosis in Saguenay Lac-Saint-Jean (Quebec, Canada).
|
Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an autosomal recessive disorder that has a high prevalence in Caucasian populations. Based on HLA typing in 18 families, the gene frequency was estimated 0.12. The homozygote frequency was 0.014 and the heterozygote frequency was 0.21 in Saguenay Lac-Saint-Jean (SLSJ), a geographically isolated region of northeastern Quebec. The genealogical reconstruction showed that 15 of the 57 obligate carriers of the HH gene could be traced back to a unique ancestor in the 18th century. The mean coefficients of inbreeding and kinship were 17 and 15 times, respectively, higher in the HH group than in three control groups. The values of both coefficients were much higher than those found in other HH populations and in most of the other recessive disorders prevalent in SLSJ.
|
['Consanguinity', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genes, Recessive', 'Genotype', 'Hemochromatosis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Prevalence', 'Quebec']
| 1,296,515
|
[['G05.090.403.180', 'G05.180'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.415', 'G05.420.325'], ['G05.380'], ['C16.320.565.618.337', 'C18.452.565.500.480', 'C18.452.648.618.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.107.567.176.791']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of C18 silica bonded phases selectivity in micellar liquid chromatography.
|
The paper describes a new test designed in micellar LC (MLC) to compare the commercial C18 stationary phase properties. This test provides the total hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, steric selectivity, hydrogen bonding, and ion-exchange capacity properties calculation of the ODS stationary phases. Both the test compounds and chromatographic separation conditions choice for column characterization in MLC are detailed. The chromatographic performance of several stationary phases that are used in MLC was evaluated with specific chromatographic test comprising nine test compounds, possessing different physico-chemical properties, which were injected on different supports with two micellar mobile phases: one at pH 7.0 (0.075 mol/L SDS and 1.5% v/v 1-pentanol), and other at pH 2.7 (0.075 mol/L SDS and 1.5% v/v 1-pentanol adjusted to pH by TFA). Fundamental column chromatographic properties were obtained under these conditions and were treated by hierarchical cluster analysis. From the results of cluster analysis, two closely related groups of columns are distinguished, and it was shown that the chosen column characteristic parameters allow characterizing both sorbent and micellar chromatographic system properties. Eleven columns were analyzed by this test, which allows a comparison of columns with the aim of the selection of suitable and analogous column for the analysis with MLC.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Ion Exchange', 'Metals', 'Micelles', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Pentanols', 'Silica Gel', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate']
| 19,399,863
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['G02.282'], ['G02.300'], ['G02.409'], ['G02.437'], ['D01.552'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02'], ['D02.033.415.640', 'D10.289.640'], ['D01.837.725.700.379', 'D20.280.320.687', 'D26.255.165.320.687'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genomic organization, sequence divergence, and recombination of feline immunodeficiency virus from lions in the wild.
|
BACKGROUND: Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) naturally infects multiple species of cat and is related to human immunodeficiency virus in humans. FIV infection causes AIDS-like disease and mortality in the domestic cat (Felis catus) and serves as a natural model for HIV infection in humans. In African lions (Panthera leo) and other exotic felid species, disease etiology introduced by FIV infection are less clear, but recent studies indicate that FIV causes moderate to severe CD4 depletion.RESULTS: In this study, comparative genomic methods are used to evaluate the full proviral genome of two geographically distinct FIV subtypes isolated from free-ranging lions. Genome organization of FIVPle subtype B (9891 bp) from lions in the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania and FIVPle subtype E (9899 bp) isolated from lions in the Okavango Delta in Botswana, both resemble FIV genome sequence from puma, Pallas cat and domestic cat across 5' LTR, gag, pol, vif, orfA, env, rev and 3'LTR regions. Comparative analyses of available full-length FIV consisting of subtypes A, B and C from FIVFca, Pallas cat FIVOma and two puma FIVPco subtypes A and B recapitulate the species-specific monophyly of FIV marked by high levels of genetic diversity both within and between species. Across all FIVPle gene regions except env, lion subtypes B and E are monophyletic, and marginally more similar to Pallas cat FIVOma than to other FIV. Sequence analyses indicate the SU and TM regions of env vary substantially between subtypes, with FIVPle subtype E more related to domestic cat FIVFca than to FIVPle subtype B and FIVOma likely reflecting recombination between strains in the wild.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the necessity of whole-genome analysis to complement population/gene-based studies, which are of limited utility in uncovering complex events such as recombination that may lead to functional differences in virulence and pathogenicity. These full-length lion lentiviruses are integral to the advancement of comparative genomics of human pathogens, as well as emerging disease in wild populations of endangered species.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Base Sequence', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genes, env', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Viral', 'Humans', 'Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline', 'Lentivirus', 'Lions', 'Phylogeny', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Species Specificity']
| 18,251,995
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875.172', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875.172', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500.172'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.650.589.530.400'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.600.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G05.728'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The greyhound dog as a model for studying pressure ulcers.
|
Because of their angular conformation, short hair, and thin skin, greyhounds are particularly subject to development of pressure ulcers. Greyhounds, therefore, can serve as a model to study pressure ulcers, either naturally occurring pressure ulcers or induced dermal pressure lesions. A method for inducing dermal pressure lesions was developed using a short-limb walking cast on one pelvic limb of the dog. Physical characteristics, dermal thromboxane B2 concentrations, and histopathologic changes were used to determine the severity of the lesions. Different lesion severities can be induced over the calcaneal tuberosity depending upon the amount of padding in the cast and the length of time the cast is in place. The technique for inducing a mild dermal pressure lesion is described.
|
['Animals', 'Casts, Surgical', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dogs', 'Pressure', 'Pressure Ulcer', 'Thromboxane B2']
| 8,318,156
|
[['B01.050'], ['E07.858.442.660.430.500', 'E07.858.690.725.430.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G01.374.715'], ['C17.800.893.665'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.825.810', 'D10.251.355.310.166.971.810']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Practice characteristics and service provision rates of dental hygienists in Australia.
|
INTRODUCTION: Dental hygienists (DHs) have been practising in Australia since the early 1970s.OBJECTIVE: This study describes the clinical activity of Australian DHs.METHODS: A questionnaire was mailed to members of two professional associations representing DHs. Practitioner characteristics, employment characteristics and clinical activity on a self-reported typical practice day were collected. The proportion of each service item of all services provided was estimated. Associations between practice characteristics and service provision were assessed by log-binomial regression models.RESULTS: Adjusted response rate was 60.6%. Of the DHs included in analysis (n=341), 80% were employed in general practice, and nearly all (96%) worked in the private sector. About half (53.7%) of all service provided were preventive services, and one-fourth (23.9%) were diagnostic. Service provision varied by practice and practitioner characteristics, with the largest variations observed by practice type. Unadjusted analysis showed that general practice DHs provided a higher mean number of periodontal instrumentation and coronal polishing (0.92 vs 0.26), fluoride applications (0.64 vs 0.08), oral examinations (0.51 vs 0.22) and intraoral radiographs (0.33 vs 0.07) per patient visit and a lower mean number of impressions (0.05 vs 0.17) and orthodontic services (0.02 vs 0.59) than specialist practice DHs. In adjusted analysis, rates of periodontal services also significantly varied by practice type; other associations persisted.CONCLUSION: Service provision of DHs varied by practice type. Practice activity was dominated by provision of preventive services while provision of periodontal treatments, fissure sealants and oral examinations was relatively limited indicating areas in which DHs are possibly underutilized.
|
['Adult', 'Australia', 'Dental Hygienists', 'Dental Prophylaxis', 'General Practice, Dental', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Orthodontics', 'Periodontics', 'Preventive Dentistry', 'Private Sector', 'Professional Practice Location', 'Public Sector', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Workforce']
| 28,809,084
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['M01.526.485.067.105.376', 'N02.360.067.105.376'], ['E06.721.189', 'E06.761.227'], ['H02.163.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E06.658', 'H02.163.876.439'], ['E06.721', 'H02.163.876.623'], ['E06.761', 'H02.163.721'], ['I01.791', 'N04.452.633.390'], ['N04.452.758.772'], ['I01.795', 'N04.452.633.890'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Frequent detection of bovine polyomavirus in commercial batches of calf serum by using the polymerase chain reaction.
|
Twenty commercial batches of calf serum, obtained from several suppliers, were tested for the presence of bovine polyomavirus (BPyV) DNA and antibodies against the virus. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology, BPyV DNA was detected in 70% of the batches; no BPyV was detected in any of the negative control samples. The specificity of the amplification reactions was proven by hybridization. PCR results were confirmed by virus isolation experiments performed with five PCR-positive and five PCR-negative serum batches. The results indicate that the use of calf serum to supplement tissue culture media involves a serious risk of contaminating cell cultures with BPyV. No correlation was observed between the presence or absence of anti-BPyV immunoglobulins and the detection of BPyV-specific DNA sequences in the serum batches.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Base Sequence', 'Cattle', 'DNA, Viral', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polyomavirus']
| 1,658,200
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B04.280.210.700.615', 'B04.613.204.670.615']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional integrity of the central and sympathetic nervous systems is a prerequisite for pressor and tachycardic effects of diphenyleneiodonium, a novel inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase.
|
The pressor and tachycardic effects of diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), a novel inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase with chemical structure different from those of NG-substituted Arg analogs, were studied in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. Bolus injections of DPI (0.05-1.6 mg/kg i.v.) caused transient (1-2 min in duration) and dose-dependent increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP) with ED50 of 0.22 +/- 0.02 mg/kg and maximum effect (Emax) of 58 +/- 3 mm Hg, and heart rate (HR) with ED50 of 0.26 +/- 0.03 mg/kg and Emax of 60 +/- 5 beats/min. Pretreatments with tetrodotoxin, reserpine, guanethidine, mecamylamine, but not atropine, rauwolscine, captopril nor L-Arg, attenuated the MAP and HR responses to DPI. Phentolamine and prazosin attenuated the MAP but not HR response whereas propranolol attenuated the HR but not MAP response of DPI. Pithing abolished, whereas spinal cord transection reduced, the MAP and HR responses to DPI. Pithing did not alter the pressor response but blocked the reflex bradycardic response to NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. Bolus injection of a single dose of DPI (1.6 mg/kg i.v.) or NG-nitro-L-arginine increased MAP, but only DPI caused immediate and large increases (> 1 ng/ml) in plasma norepinephrine, epinephrine and moderate increase in dopamine; pretreatment with reserpine attenuated, whereas pithing abolished these increases. The increases in plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine by DPI were positively correlated to increases in MAP and HR. The results demonstrate that DPI, unlike NG-substituted Arg analogs, produces pressor and tachycardic effects via indirect activation of the sympathetic nervous system.
|
['Amino Acid Oxidoreductases', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiovascular System', 'Catecholamines', 'Central Nervous System', 'Decerebrate State', 'Heart Rate', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Onium Compounds', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Spinal Cord', 'Sympathetic Nervous System', 'Tachycardia', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 7,682,612
|
[['D08.811.682.664.500'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A07'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['A08.186'], ['C10.597.305', 'C23.888.592.298'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['D02.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A08.186.854'], ['A08.800.050.800'], ['C14.280.067.845', 'C14.280.123.875', 'C23.550.073.845'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Co-localization of honeycomb golgi and ACTH granules in a giant ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma.
|
We document the co-localization of honeycomb golgi and ACTH-immunopositive granules in giant ACTH-producing pituitary adenoma cells. A 42-yr-old woman presented with Cushing's disease and a giant adenoma that invaded the sphenoid and cavernous sinus. She underwent transsphenoidal surgery followed by radiation therapy. Some of the adenoma cells were ACTH-positive and upon electron-microscopic (EM) study most were found to contain sparse granules and no type-I filaments. In many cells the golgi complex had undergone partial or total vacuolar transformation that resulted in the appearance of honeycomb golgi. Immunohistochemical study of mirror sections of portions containing cells with honeycomb golgi revealed that the cells with honeycomb golgi showed ACTH-immunopositivity. Honeycomb golgi, which was formerly considered a morphological marker of gonadotroph adenomas in females, has previously been identified in large ACTH-producing pituitary adenomas but there has been no direct evidence that individual cells with honeycomb golgi are cells that produce ACTH. Our immunohistochemical documentation of ACTH-immunoreactivity in individual adenoma cells containing honeycomb golgi clearly confirms that honeycomb golgi is not confined only to gonadotroph adenomas in females. Rather, the existence of honeycomb golgi in cells of other adenoma types may be due to their low hormone production and/or to disturbances in the regulation of the exocytotic pathway.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Secretory Vesicles', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,299,407
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction does not induce further gamma loop abnormalities on the intact side of the quadriceps femoris: A longitudinal study.
|
This study aimed to investigate the effect of surgery on the gamma loop of the quadriceps on the side with an intact knee in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. We compared longitudinally the response of alpha motor neurons to vibration stimulation of the quadriceps on the side with an intact knee before and after ACL reconstruction. To evaluate alpha motor neuron response, we measured the maximal knee extension strength and integrated electromyography of the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and rectus femoris. After obtaining pre-vibration data from each subject, vibration stimulation was applied to the infrapatellar tendon, and the same measurements were performed immediately after stimulation. The results of this study showed that the response to prolonged vibration stimulation on the intact side of the quadriceps did not differ pre- and post-surgery. As vibration stimuli normally elicit a decrease in alpha motor neuron activity in normal individuals, abnormal responses to prolonged vibration stimulation of the quadriceps on the side with an intact knee might be observed in patients with ACL injuries. The abnormality of the gamma loop of the quadriceps on the side with an intact knee was probably induced by the rupture. Based on these results, we conclude that surgery does not induce further gamma loop abnormalities on the intact side of the quadriceps.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Motor Neurons', 'Quadriceps Muscle', 'Vibration', 'Young Adult']
| 28,378,501
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['E04.555.110.026', 'E04.680.101.026'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['A02.633.567.850'], ['G01.374.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A prospective study of factors predicting clinically occult spinal cord compression in patients with metastatic prostate carcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to identify clinical parameters that predict occult subarachnoid space or spinal cord (SAS/SC) compression, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in patients with metastatic prostate carcinoma.METHODS: A prospective study was performed in which 68 patients with bone metastases from prostate carcinoma and a normal neurologic examination underwent MRI of the entire spine after documentation of clinical, X-ray, and bone scan parameters potentially predictive of occult SAS/SC compression.RESULTS: Occult SAS/SC compression was diagnosed in 22 patients (32%) using MRI. Nine patients (13%) had compressions at two discontinuous spinal levels. Extensive disease on bone scan, the duration of continuous hormonal therapy prior to study entry, and hemoglobin concentration were found to predict SAS/SC compression by univariate analysis. The extent of disease on bone scan and the duration of continuous hormonal therapy were independent predictors of SAS/SC compression by multivariate analysis (P = 0.02 and P = 0.04, respectively). The risk of occult SAS/SC compression increased from 32% to 44% in patients with a bone scan that showed > 20 metastases as the duration on hormones increased from 0 to 24 months. The risk in patients with fewer metastases increased from 11% to 17% over the same interval. The presence or absence of back pain was not predictive of SAS/SC compression.CONCLUSIONS: Patients who are at high risk for occult SAS/SC compression can be identified using clinical parameters and readily available diagnostic tests. These high-risk patients should undergo MRI screening with the aim of diagnosing and treating spinal cord compression before the development of neurologic deficits that may be irreversible.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Physical Examination', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Risk Factors', 'Spinal Cord Compression', 'Spine', 'Subarachnoid Space']
| 11,466,683
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.854.761', 'C26.819.678'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['A08.186.566.166.686']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Graves' disease in pregnancy: prospective evaluation of a selective invasive treatment protocol.
|
OBJECTIVE: Graves' disease in pregnancy carries a risk of fetal thyrotoxicosis from the transplacental transfer of thyroid-stimulating antibodies or fetal hypothyroidism from transplacental transfer of antithyroid drugs and thyroid-blocking antibodies.STUDY DESIGN: From 1991 through 2002, all pregnant women with Graves' disease underwent follow-up evaluations that included serial thyroid-stimulating antibody level, thyroid function, and ultrasound examinations. Umbilical blood sampling was recommended if the thyroid-stimulating antibody level was abnormally high or if fetal tachycardia, goiter, intrauterine growth retardation, or hydrops were present. For fetal hyperthyroidism, the mother received antithyroid drugs; for fetal hypothyroidism, maternal antithyroid treatment was reduced, and thyroxine was injected into the amniotic sac.RESULTS: Of 40000 deliveries, 24 pregnancies (26 fetuses) occurred in 18 women with Graves' disease. Nine of 14 mothers with positive findings elected umbilical blood sampling. In 4 of the mothers, the results were normal. Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were diagnosed in 2 and 3 fetuses, respectively. All the fetuses were treated successfully by the protocol with up to four repeated umbilical blood samplings. No complications were recorded in any of the 20 umbilical blood sampling. In the 5 patients who had only elevated thyroid-stimulating antibody levels and who did not elect umbilical blood sampling, sonographic findings remained normal up to term, and the newborn infants were normal. One of 12 children (in whose case we did not recommend umbilical blood sampling) was born with transient hypothyroidism caused by maternal propylthiouracil treatment. All children, whose cases were followed for up to 9 years, are normal.CONCLUSION: In women with Graves' disease, umbilical blood sampling in selected cases may improve the control of fetal thyroid function.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Antithyroid Agents', 'Autoantibodies', 'Blood Specimen Collection', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graves Disease', 'Humans', 'Hyperthyroidism', 'Hypothyroidism', 'Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Receptors, Thyrotropin', 'Thyrotropin', 'Thyroxine', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 12,861,156
|
[['A12.098', 'A16.378.149'], ['D06.347.100', 'D27.505.696.399.450.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C11.675.349.500', 'C19.874.283.605', 'C19.874.397.370', 'C20.111.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.397'], ['C19.874.482'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.480', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.480', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.480'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.600.850', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.850', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.825'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A mixed choroid plexus papilloma and ependymoma.
|
We report a novel case of a mixed choroid plexus papilloma (CPP) and ependymoma with cartilaginous differentiation. This kind of mixed tumor has not been previously reported in the English literature. The patient was a 5-year-old girl, who presented with a 1-week history of fever and numbness of the right lower limb. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with gadolinium revealed a heterogeneously enhancing mass in the occipital horn of the left lateral ventricle. Histologically, the tumor showed an intermixed CPP area and a low-grade papillary ependymoma-like area, which was studded with cartilage islands and psammoma bodies. In many foci, direct transition of CPP and ependymoma was observed, but there were no high-grade features. We report this novel case, describe the unique microscopic and immunohistochemical features, and speculate on the pathogenesis.
|
['Brain Neoplasms', 'Cerebral Ventricles', 'Child, Preschool', 'Ependymoma', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Neoplasms, Multiple Primary', 'Neuroimaging', 'Papilloma, Choroid Plexus', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,670,168
|
[['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['A08.186.211.140'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.290', 'C04.557.470.670.380.290', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.290'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.651'], ['E01.370.350.578', 'E01.370.376.537', 'E05.629'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.205.200.500', 'C10.228.140.211.280.300.500', 'C10.551.240.250.200.200.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Considerations on the use of the construct "Quality of life" as a goal variable in clinical research].
|
In recent years the importance of the assessment of quality of life increased, especially in palliative therapy. Commonly used concepts of quality of life comprise of several dimensions, e.g. somatic disorders, functional status, well-being and social interaction. We developed an 18-item questionnaire, self-administered by the patients, and compared the results of 66 'healthy' subjects with two clinical samples: 126 patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer and 19 patients under dialysis. The results indicate the questionnaire as a sufficiently reliable and valid method for the assessment of 'quality of life'. On the other hand, there are several problems concerning an adequate interpretation when regarding our clinical data. For example, the cancer patients show a significantly more positive self-assessment concerning well-being and activity, compared to 'healthy' subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Quality of Life', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Research', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 1,646,477
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.677'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['H01.770.644'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Autologous cell therapies: challenges in US FDA regulation.
|
Cell-based therapies (CBTs) have been hailed for the last two decades as the next pillar of healthcare, yet the clinical and commercial potential of regenerative medicine has yet to live up to the hype. While recent analysis has suggested that regenerative medicine is maturing into a multibillion dollar industry, examples of clinical and commercial success are still relatively rare. With 30 years of laboratory and clinical efforts fueled by countless billions in public and private funding, one must contemplate why CBTs have not made a greater impact. The current regulatory environment, with its zero-risk stance, stymies clinical innovation while fueling a potentially risky medical tourism industry. Here, we highlight the challenges the US FDA faces and present talking points for an improved regulatory framework for autologous CBTs.
|
['Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy', 'Drug Industry', 'Humans', 'Social Control, Formal', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'United States', 'United States Food and Drug Administration']
| 23,210,819
|
[['E02.095.147'], ['J01.576.655.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604', 'N03.706'], ['E04.936.664'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.760', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.760']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Increased prescribing of Valium, Librium, and other drugs--an example of the influence of economic and social factors on the practice of medicine.
|
Drug prescriptions per capita in the United States have more than doubled since 1950 without a commensurate improvement in health. Drugs are often prescribed for clinical conditions in which therapeutic benefits do not outweigh the risk of adverse drug reactions. Deaths due to adverse drug reactions are roughly as frequent as deaths due to automobile accidents. Valium and Librium are the first and fourth most commonly prescribed drugs in the U.S., used by one ten adults each year. The rapid rise in use of these drugs has occurred during a period of rising social stress, as indicated by increases in alcohol consumption, suicide, and homicide, Valium and Librium are frequently prescribe for patients who go to doctors with social or other nonmedical problems, often in lieu of attempts to resolve these underlying problems. Overprescribing occurs because the decision to prescribe is influenced not only by consideration of therapeutic benefit, but also by nonmedical factors, for example the widespread expectation by both patient and doctor that the doctor will provide a drug or some other technological treatment. Prescribing decisions are also influenced by the profit-motivated activities of drug companies, including the expenditure of almost one-quarter of every sales dollar on drug promotion. The most widely used source of drug information for doctors is the industry-sponsored Physicians' Desk Reference, which overrates the therapeutic value of Valium and Librium as compared to disinterested medical sources. Drug companies also contribute to overprescribing by introducing numerous minor variants of existing drugs. The therapeutic benefits of such new drugs are often overestimated in the early years of use when adverse side effects are not well known and apparent efficacy is enhanced by placebo effects in uncontrolled observations.
|
['Adult', 'Advertising', 'Aged', 'Anxiety', 'Child', 'Chlordiazepoxide', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Diazepam', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Drug Industry', 'Drug Prescriptions', 'Drug Utilization', 'Economics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pharmacopoeias as Topic', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Social Problems', 'United States']
| 319,068
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['J01.219.687.274', 'L01.143.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.470.132'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.150'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.216'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['J01.576.655.750'], ['E02.319.307', 'N02.421.668.778.500'], ['N04.452.706.477'], ['I01.261', 'N03.219'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.178.682.192.836.749'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['I01.880.735'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Anxiety, depression and coping behaviors with pain in cancer patients who are aware or unaware of their cancer.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to investigate whether there are differences in depression, anxiety, pain and styles of coping with pain between cancer patients with and without awareness of their cancer diagnosis.METHODS: In this study, 30 cancer patients aware of their diagnosis and 30 cancer patients unaware of their diagnosis, all of whom visited a clinic for pain treatment, were enrolled in this study. A sociodemographic information form, a questionnaire comprising questions about pain severity and related variables, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, and the Pain Coping Questionnaire were administered to the patients.RESULTS: No significant association was observed between the patients with awareness or unawareness of cancer with respect to anxiety, depression, pain severity, or coping with pain. Pain intensity was significantly associated with depression in both the patient groups.CONCLUSION: The study enrolled patients who were admitted for pain treatment, and the sampling group was small. However, this is the first study to investigate the effects of the awareness of cancer diagnosis on pain and its management.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Pain, Intractable', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Visual Analog Scale']
| 29,039,150
|
[['F01.058'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C23.888.592.612.776'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.928']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Trochanteric pseudoarthroses after total hip arthroplasty: their fixation with a new claw-plate].
|
In the authors experience, non-union of the greater trochanter after its division occurred in 3p. 100 of cases. The treatment is difficult when non-union is well established. The authors have devised an original type of plate whose upper part is made of a double hook to grip the greater trochanter. The lower part of the plate is screwed to the femoral shaft. The use of this plate is combined with horizontal wiring to counteract the action of gluteus medius. Bone grafting is sometimes needed in addition. Nineteen cases were treated in this way, all with success.
|
['Bone Plates', 'Hip Prosthesis', 'Humans', 'Pseudarthrosis']
| 3,562,936
|
[['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E07.695.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.404.468.627']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mesenchymal stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells accelerate intra-aneurysmal tissue organization after treatment with SDF-1á-coated coils.
|
Recurrences of aneurysms remain the major drawback of detachable coils for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. The aim of the present study is to develop new modified coils, coating the surface of platinum coils with silk fibroin (SF) consisting of stromal cell-derived factor-1á (SDF-1á), and evaluate its acceleration of organization of cavities and reduction of lumen size in a rat aneurysm model. The morphological characteristics of SDF-1á-coated coils were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fifty experimental aneurysms were created and randomly divided into five groups: three groups were embolized with SDF-1á-coated coils (8 mm) and two of these groups need transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs); one group was embolized with bare coils (8 mm) and another group severed as control. After coil implantation for 14 or 28 days, the coils were harvested and histological analysis was performed. SEM photographs showed that SF/SDF-1á-coated coils have uniform size and a thin film compared with bare coils. In the group treated with SDF-1á-coated coils, tissue organization was accelerated and the proliferation of á-smooth muscle actin positive cells was promoted in the aneurysmal sac. Compared with unmodified coils, on day 28, tissue organization was significantly greater in the group treated with SDF-1á-coated coils and MSC or EPC transplantation. These results suggest that SDF-1á-coated coils with MSC or EPC transplantation may be beneficial in the aneurysm healing and endothelialization at the orifice of embolized aneurysm.
|
['Aneurysm', 'Animals', 'Chemokine CXCL12', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Endothelial Progenitor Cells', 'Humans', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Time Factors']
| 27,125,512
|
[['C14.907.055'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.600', 'D23.125.300.120.600', 'D23.469.200.120.600', 'D23.529.374.200.120.600'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['A11.148.174', 'A11.436.275.182'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.625', 'E04.936.225.687.625'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The acute medical take: an outpatient specialty.
|
The traditional model of acute medical care involves the admission of patients to hospital to be assessed by a consultant and facilitate access to investigation and treatment. This model has, however, led to a number of problems. Firstly, there is high bed occupancy which restricts access and increases the risk of healthcare-acquired infection. Secondly, only limited training opportunities are offered for junior medical staff in this setting. Thirdly, patients often receive care from a 'generalist' rather than a 'specialist' although there is increasing evidence that the most appropriate specialist provides the best patient care. Many medical emergencies could be managed in the outpatient (ambulatory) setting if the appropriate facilities were available including staff, environment and access to investigations. Emergency outpatient clinics can provide gold standard emergency care by providing structure to the acute take, ensuring access to the most appropriate specialist and training opportunities for junior medical staff.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Medicine', 'Models, Organizational', 'Outpatient Clinics, Hospital', 'Specialization', 'United Kingdom']
| 18,335,662
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['N02.421.297'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['N02.278.035.380', 'N02.278.216.500.968.527', 'N04.452.442.452.422.527'], ['H02.811'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Recurrent Escherichia coli meningitis associated with aspergillar sphenoidal sinusitis.
|
Recurrent meningitis due to Escherichia coli is an extremely rare infection in adult patients. Most cases have been complications of neurosurgery. We report on the case of a 43-y-old man with 4 recurrent spontaneous episodes of E. coli meningitis related to aspergillar sphenoidal sinusitis. Surgical treatment of sinusitis cured the patient.
|
['Adult', 'Aspergillosis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meningitis, Escherichia coli', 'Recurrence', 'Sphenoid Sinusitis']
| 15,307,577
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.150.703.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.223.500.350', 'C01.150.252.400.310.330.500', 'C01.207.180.500.350', 'C10.228.228.180.500.350', 'C10.228.614.280.350'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C01.748.749.827', 'C08.460.692.752.827', 'C08.730.749.827', 'C09.603.692.752.827']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Muscular ETB receptors develop postnatally and are differentially distributed in specific segments of the rat vasculature.
|
The endothelin/endothelin-receptor system is a key player in the regulation of vascular tone in mammals. We raised and characterized an antiserum against rat ETB receptor and investigated the distribution of ETB receptors in different vascular beds during postnatal development (day 0 through day 28) and in the adult rat. We report the tissue-specific and age-dependent presence of vasoconstrictor ETB receptors. At the time of birth, vascular smooth muscle cells from all tissues examined did not exhibit ETB receptor immunoreactivity. The occurrence of ETB receptor immunoreactivity in the postnatal development was time dependent and started in small coronary and meningeal arteries at day 5, followed by small mesenteric arteries as well as brachial artery and vein at day 14. At day 21, ETB receptors were present in the media of muscular segments of pulmonary artery, large coronary arteries, and intracerebral arterioles. At day 28, ETB receptor immunoreactivity was evident in interlobular renal arteries, vas afferens, and efferens. Large renal arteries, mesenteric artery, and elastic segments of pulmonary arteries, as well as coronary and mesenteric veins, did not exhibit ETB receptor immunoreactivity. These data demonstrate the age-dependent and tissue-specific presence of ETB receptors, mainly on arterial smooth muscle cells in the vascular system of the rat.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Blood Vessels', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Organ Specificity', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptor, Endothelin B']
| 15,684,331
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A07.015'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['G07.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.220.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.320.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a renpenning syndrome patient with c.459_462delAGAG mutation in PQBP1 (PEIi001-A).
|
The Renpenning syndrome spectrum is a rare X-linked mental retardation syndrome characterized by intellectual disability, microcephaly, low stature, lean body and hypogonadism. Mutations in the polyglutamine tract binding protein 1 (PQBP1) locus are causative for disease. Here, we describe the generation of an iPSC line from a patient mutated in the polar amino acid-rich domain of PQBP1 resulting in a C-terminal truncated protein (c.459_462 delAGAG, type p.R153fs193X).
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Cerebral Palsy', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Male', 'Mental Retardation, X-Linked', 'Sequence Deletion']
| 31,698,189
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C10.228.140.140.254'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['C10.597.606.360.455', 'C16.320.322.500', 'C16.320.400.525'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Implementation of a respiratory rehabilitation protocol: weaning from the ventilator and tracheostomy in difficult-to-wean patients with spinal cord injury.
|
PURPOSE: Following repeated weaning failures in acute care services, spinal cord injury (SCI) patients who require prolonged mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy are discharged to their homes or skilled nursing facilities, with a portable mechanical ventilator (MV) and/or tracheostomy tube (TT) with excess risk of complications, high cost and low quality of life. We hypothesized that many difficult-to-wean patients with cervical SCI can be successfully managed in a rehabilitation clinic. The aim of our study was to develop a respiratory rehabilitation, MV weaning and TT decannulation protocol and to evaluate the effectiveness of this protocol in tetraplegic patients.METHODS: A multidisciplinary and multifaceted protocol, including respiratory assessment and management themes, was developed and performed based on the findings from other studies in the literature. Tetraplegic patients with the diagnosis of difficult-to-wean, who were admitted to the rehabilitation clinic after having been discharged from the intensive care unit to their home with home-type MV and/or TT, were included in this prospective observational study.RESULTS: The respiratory rehabilitation protocol was applied to 35 tetraplegic patients (10 home-type MV and tracheostomy-dependent, and 25 tracheostomized patients) with C1-C7 ASIA impairment scale grade A, B, and C injuries. Seven out of 10 patients successfully weaned from MV and 30 of 35 patients were decannulated. Four patients were referred for diaphragm pace stimulation and tracheal stenosis surgery. The mean durations of MV weaning and decannulation were 37 and 31 days, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: A multifaceted, multidisciplinary respiratory management program can change the process of care used for difficult-to-wean patients with SCI. Implications for rehabilitation Findings from this study indicate the significance of a multidimensional evaluation of any reversible factors for prolonged MV- and/or TT-dependent SCI patients. Thus, rehabilitation specialists should take this into consideration and should provide the appropriate amount of time to these patients. The proposed protocol of respiratory rehabilitation for MV- and/or TT-dependent SCI patients shows promising results in terms of changing the care used for these patients. Successful implementation of a respiratory rehabilitation and weaning protocol is dependent on careful planning and detailed communication between the rehabilitation specialist and intensivist during the respiratory rehabilitation process. Because many of the so-called difficult- or impossible-to-wean patients were successfully weaned from MV and TT in the PMR clinic, the need for such an outlet for countries without specialized centers is supported.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Clinical Protocols', 'Female', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Tracheostomy', 'Turkey', 'Ventilator Weaning', 'Young Adult']
| 27,339,104
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['E02.041.750', 'E04.579.935', 'E04.580.900', 'E04.928.780'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['E02.041.625.950', 'E02.880.820.950'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Highly ordered Pb(Zr₀.₅₂ Ti₀.₄₈)O₃ piezoelectric nanorod arrays.
|
One-dimensional (1D) piezoelectric nanostructures have attracted significant attention for a broad range of applications including optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, electrochemical and electromechanical converters. We demonstrate the synthesis of 1D nanostructures based upon Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 (PZT) on conductive substrates via sol-gel template synthesis. The vertically aligned PZT nanostructures with heights around one micron were synthesized by vacuum infiltration of sol-gel precursors into highly ordered cylindrical pores of anodized aluminum oxide templates. The 1D nanostructures were developed on large scale platinized silicon wafers and exhibited dense rod-like structure with a uniform diameter of 90 nm and an aspect ratio of 10. Scanning probe microscopy conducted on individual nanorods demonstrated good electromechanical properties with a high piezoelectric magnitude of 41 pm V(-1). We believe that this study opens the possibility of developing high performance nanoscale piezoelectric sensors and transducers.
|
['Electricity', 'Nanotechnology', 'Nanotubes', 'Oxides', 'Phase Transition', 'Titanium', 'Transducers', 'Zirconium']
| 23,637,024
|
[['G01.358.500.249'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['J01.637.512.850'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['G01.645', 'G02.734'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['E07.305.812'], ['D01.268.556.950', 'D01.268.956.937', 'D01.552.544.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An In Vitro Study of the Effect of Cytotoxic Triorganotin Dimethylaminophenylazobenzoate Complexes on Red Blood Cells.
|
Interactions of tributyltin (TBTA) and triphenyltin (TPhTA) 2-[4 (dimethylamino)phenylazo]benzoates, showing promising cytostatic activity against tumor cells, with erythrocytes and with erythrocyte membranes and model lipid membranes have been investigated. The effect of TBTA and TPhTA on the erythrocyte and its model membrane was investigated by the microscopic and spectroscopic methods. Interaction of tin complexes with the membrane was determined on the basis of hemolytic activity, changes induced in the shape of erythrocytes, as well as physicochemical parameters of the membrane, such as fluidity. The studies showed that the compounds in higher concentration induce hemolysis; however, TBTA is more toxic than TPhTA. Both TBTA and TPhTA induce morphological alterations in red blood cells-from discocytes to spherocytes and from discocytes to echinocytes. The results suggest that investigated complexes interact with the erythrocyte membrane, change its properties, and probably locate themselves in the hydrophilic part of the membrane, which agrees with conclusions drawn from investigation of erythrocyte membranes and model lipid membranes with the help of fluorescence and infrared spectroscopy.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Organotin Compounds', 'Trialkyltin Compounds']
| 30,350,012
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.691.850'], ['D02.691.850.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stone cobras: adult bilateral single system ureteroceles presenting with multiple calculi.
|
25-year-old previously healthy male presented with dysuria and bilateral flank pain. Abdominal radiography and computed tomography revealed bilateral orthotopic ureteroceles with significant calculi. Bilateral endoscopic ureterocele incision and ureteroscopy were used for complete stone clearance. Symptoms resolved after treatment, and follow-up voiding cystourethrogram performed at 3 months revealed no evidence of vesicoureteral reflux. Adult orthotopic bilateral ureteroceles with calculi is a rare clinical entity amenable to endoscopic management.
|
['Adult', 'Dysuria', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Radiography', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ureteral Calculi', 'Ureterocele', 'Ureteroscopy', 'Urinary Calculi']
| 21,334,046
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.942.343.274'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C12.777.725.938.500', 'C12.777.967.374.500', 'C12.777.967.500.851', 'C13.351.968.725.938.500', 'C13.351.968.967.374.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.851', 'C23.300.175.850.750'], ['C12.777.725.876', 'C13.351.968.725.876'], ['E01.370.388.250.920', 'E01.370.390.800', 'E04.502.250.920', 'E04.950.774.840'], ['C12.777.967.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500', 'C23.300.175.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
"The next best thing": a study of problem gambling.
|
Traditionally, gamblers whose repeated losses have resulted in serious financial, psychological, and social problems have been labeled "compulsive." The prevailing "illness model" of compulsive gambling was developed by clinicians from the reports of those seeking treatment to stop gambling. However, researchers working in natural gambling settings generally have disavowed a compulsion model. Concerns over the efficacy of the traditional model and the therapeutic approach it produces are particularly salient since the proliferation of legalized gambling is expected to fuel a dramatic increase in problem gambling. Drawing upon empirical observations of ongoing gambling groups, a unique and comprehensive model of problem gambling is presented. Treatment plans generated from the new model, unlike prevailing programs, are compatible with a "controlled" regimen.
|
['Compulsive Behavior', 'Counseling', 'Gambling', 'Humans', 'Models, Psychological', 'Public Policy', 'Risk-Taking', 'Self-Help Groups', 'Social Class', 'Social Control, Informal', 'United States']
| 3,833,807
|
[['F01.145.527.100'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['F01.145.722.408', 'F03.250.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.695'], ['I01.655.500.608', 'I01.880.604.825.608', 'N03.623.500.608'], ['F01.145.722'], ['N03.540.782'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['I01.880.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of agricultural biodiversity and seasonal rain on dietary adequacy and household food security in rural areas of Kenya.
|
BACKGROUND: Kenya has a high prevalence of underweight and stunting in children. It is believed that both agricultural biodiversity and seasonal rainfall influences household food security and dietary intake. In the present study we aimed to study the effects of agricultural biodiversity and seasonal rains on dietary adequacy and household food security of preschool Kenyan children, and to identify significant relationships between these variables.METHODS: Two cross-sectional studies were undertaken in resource-poor households in rural Kenya approximately 6 months apart. Interviews were done with mothers/caregivers to collect data from randomly selected households (N = 525). A repeated 24-hour recall was used to calculate dietary intake in each phase while household food security was measured using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). A nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) was calculated for each nutrient as the percent of the nutrient meeting the recommended nutrient intake (RNI) for that nutrient. A mean adequacy ratio (MAR) was calculated as the mean of the NARs. Agricultural biodiversity was calculated for each household by counting the number of different crops and animals eaten either from domestic sources or from the wild.RESULTS: Dietary intake was low with the majority of households not meeting the RNIs for many nutrients. However intake of energy (p < 0.001), protein (p < 0.01), iron (p < 0.01), zinc (p < 0.05), calcium (p < 0.05), and folate (p < 0.01) improved significantly from the dry to the rainy season. Household food security also increased significantly (p < 0.001) from the dry (13.1 SD 6.91) to the rainy season (10.9 SD 7.42). Agricultural biodiversity was low with a total of 26 items; 23 domesticated and 3 from the natural habitat. Agricultural biodiversity was positively and significantly related to all NARs (Spearman, p < 0.05) and MAR (Spearman, p < 0.001) indicating a significant positive relationship between agricultural biodiversity of the household with dietary adequacy of the child's diet.CONCLUSION: Important significant relationships were found in this study: between agricultural biodiversity and dietary adequacy; between agricultural biodiversity and household food security and between dietary adequacy and household food security. Furthermore, the effect of seasonality on household food security and nutrient intake was illustrated.
|
['Biodiversity', 'Child', 'Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Child, Preschool', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diet', 'Energy Intake', 'Family Characteristics', 'Female', 'Food Supply', 'Humans', 'Kenya', 'Male', 'Nutritional Requirements', 'Rural Population', 'Seasons', 'Water Supply']
| 25,909,468
|
[['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.203.650.220'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['J01.576.423.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.058.290.120.400'], ['G07.203.650.620'], ['N01.600.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
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