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Diffuse Lewy body disease: an autopsy case.
|
A 67-year-old male patient initially showed memory disturbance followed by tremors a year later. The symptoms rapidly aggravated to dementia and Parkinsonian symptoms, and the patient died 2 years and 6 months after the onset at the age of 69 years and 5 months. Autopsy revealed numerous senile plaques in the cerebral cortex and Alzheimer's neurofibrillary tangles in the inferior temporal lobe and hippocampus. A number of Lewy bodies were found in the cerebral cortex and brain stem. Lewy bodies were found abundantly in the third layer of the pyramidal cells in the gyrus parahippocamalis. The distribution of Lewy bodies in the cerebral cortex was similar to that of inflated cells in Pick's disease.
|
['Aged', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Brain Stem', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Inclusion Bodies', 'Male', 'Neurofibrils', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Temporal Lobe']
| 2,820,201
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.420'], ['A08.675.609', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.640', 'A11.671.573'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
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[Great vesicovaginal fistula after normal vaginal delivery in a developed country].
|
BACKGROUND: Obstetric fistulas in developed countries are infrequent and have been associated with instrumental vaginal delivery, manual removal of placenta and surgical complications during caesarean section. We present the diagnosis and treatment of an obstetric fistula of patient without clear risk factors in a developed country.CASE REPORT: The case presented is of a 37 weeks pregnant with history of previous cesarean section. A male of 2,600 g was born after a not prolonged vaginal delivery. In the immediate postpartum period, appeared evident hematuria and in the exploration a defect was detected in the vaginal anterior face at 3 cm from the urethral meatus. Cystoscopy showed a torn in bladder of 8 cm at the bottom. Reparation of vesicovaginal fistula was carried out with omentoplasty. Postoperative course was uneventful.CONCLUSION: A vesicovaginal fistula must be considered in any patient with hematuria. Early repair is essential for a favorable outcome.
|
['Adult', 'Cystoscopy', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Female', 'Hematuria', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Spain', 'Vesicovaginal Fistula']
| 27,290,804
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.388.250.180', 'E01.370.390.175', 'E04.502.250.180', 'E04.950.774.155'], ['E04.520.252'], ['C12.777.934.442', 'C13.351.968.934.442', 'C23.550.414.849'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['C13.351.500.894.767.500', 'C13.351.875.881.312.733', 'C13.351.968.829.548.733', 'C23.300.575.825.250.775', 'C23.300.575.925.816']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
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A Dual Role Hypothesis of the Cortico-Basal-Ganglia Pathways: Opponency and Temporal Difference Through Dopamine and Adenosine.
|
The hypothesis that the basal-ganglia direct and indirect pathways represent goodness (or benefit) and badness (or cost) of options, respectively, explains a wide range of phenomena. However, this hypothesis, named the Opponent Actor Learning (OpAL), still has limitations. Structurally, the OpAL model does not incorporate differentiation of the two types of cortical inputs to the basal-ganglia pathways received from intratelencephalic (IT) and pyramidal-tract (PT) neurons. Functionally, the OpAL model does not describe the temporal-difference (TD)-type reward-prediction-error (RPE), nor explains how RPE is calculated in the circuitry connecting to the DA neurons. In fact, there is a different hypothesis on the basal-ganglia pathways and DA, named the Cortico-Striatal-Temporal-Difference (CS-TD) model. The CS-TD model differentiates the IT and PT inputs, describes the TD-type RPE, and explains how TD-RPE is calculated. However, a critical difficulty in this model lies in its assumption that DA induces the same direction of plasticity in both direct and indirect pathways, which apparently contradicts the experimentally observed opposite effects of DA on these pathways. Here, we propose a new hypothesis that integrates the OpAL and CS-TD models. Specifically, we propose that the IT-basal-ganglia pathways represent goodness/badness of current options while the PT-indirect pathway represents the overall value of the previously chosen option, and both of these have influence on the DA neurons, through the basal-ganglia output, so that a variant of TD-RPE is calculated. A key assumption is that opposite directions of plasticity are induced upon phasic activation of DA neurons in the IT-indirect pathway and PT-indirect pathway because of different profiles of IT and PT inputs. Specifically, at PT?indirect-pathway-medium-spiny-neuron (iMSN) synapses, sustained glutamatergic inputs generate rich adenosine, which allosterically prevents DA-D2 receptor signaling and instead favors adenosine-A2A receptor signaling. Then, phasic DA-induced phasic adenosine, which reflects TD-RPE, causes long-term synaptic potentiation. In contrast, at IT?iMSN synapses where adenosine is scarce, phasic DA causes long-term synaptic depression via D2 receptor signaling. This new Opponency and Temporal-Difference (OTD) model provides unique predictions, part of which is potentially in line with recently reported activity patterns of neurons in the globus pallidus externus on the indirect pathway.
|
['Adenosine', 'Animals', 'Basal Ganglia', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Dopamine', 'Dopaminergic Neurons', 'Humans', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Receptor, Adenosine A2A', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2', 'Reinforcement, Psychology']
| 30,687,019
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['A08.675.278', 'A11.671.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.612'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.700.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.700.200.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500'], ['F02.463.425.770']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Effect of intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine on endotracheal tube cuff pressure and postoperative throat symptoms in anaesthesia maintained by nitrous oxide.
|
Aim To compare the effects of endotracheal tube cuff inflation media, air, saline and alkalinized 2% lidocaine on increase of cuff pressure (CP) during nitrous oxide maintained anaesthesia and on incidence of postoperative throat symptoms (PTS), and to evaluate the incidence of postoperative throat mucosal injuries (PTMI) depending on cuff inflation medium. Methods Ninety patients who had undergone elective surgery were randomly allocated into 3 equal groups per cuff inflation media: air (group A), saline (group S) and alkalinized 2% lidocaine (group L). The CP was monitored immediately after cuff inflation and further 5, 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes after intubation. The incidence and intensity of PTS, sore throat, hoarseness, dysphagia and cough were evaluated 2, 6 and 24 hours after extubation. The incidence and intensity of PTMI were evaluated 24 hours after exubation using indirect laryngoscopy examination. Results The highest increase of mean CP was recorded in the group A (18.7±4.9), it was significantly lower (6.4±1.1) in the group S, while it remained stable in the group L (0.7±0.7). All PTS occurred less frequently in the group L: sore throat (p<0.001), hoarseness and dysphagia (p<0.05), but the incidence of cough was not significantly different between the groups. The lowest incidence of PTMI was in the group L (p< 0.001). Conclusion The increase of CP contributed to incidence of PTS. The intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine was superior to saline and air in the prevention of an increase of CP and reduction of the PTS incidence. There was a strong correlation between the incidence of PTS and PTMI.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anesthesia', 'Anesthetics', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Lidocaine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nitrous Oxide', 'Pharyngitis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pressure', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,680,980
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E03.155'], ['D27.505.696.277.100', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['D02.065.199.092.500', 'D02.092.146.113.092.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.362.635.625', 'D01.625.550.550', 'D01.650.550.587.650'], ['C01.748.561', 'C07.550.781', 'C08.730.561', 'C09.775.649'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G01.374.715'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Right atrial hemangioma.
|
A case of right atrial hemangioma as a rare tumor of the heart is reported. Because of its single, pedunculated mass, surgical excision of the tumor resulted in the complete treatment. Histologically, it was classified as arteriolar type. The importance of recent non-invasive techniques to diagnose these tumors during life is emphasized.
|
['Echocardiography', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Neoplasms', 'Hemangioma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 3,209,609
|
[['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A07.541.358'], ['C04.588.894.309', 'C14.280.459'], ['C04.557.645.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
Identification of autoantibody against beta-amyloid peptide in the serum of elderly.
|
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by two major neurological features: amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. According to the amyloid cascade hypothesis, accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide (A-beta) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of AD. Several lines of evidence suggest that antibodies against A-beta play a protective role in the neuropathology of AD. In this study, we describe the purification of an autoantibody against A-beta from human serum using affinity purification method. The purified autoantibody recognized A-beta deposits in the brain of aged Tg2676 mice, an animal model of AD. The serum levels of anti-A-beta autoantibody correlated inversely with age in both AD patients and control non-demented elderly subjects. Furthermore, the levels were significantly lower in AD patients compared with the age-matched control subjects. It is the first time to show the identification of endogenous anti-A-beta autoantibody in human serum and suggesting that serum levels of anti-A-beta autoantibody might be a good biomarker for AD patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Autoantibodies', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Middle Aged']
| 19,273,318
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Implementation of a successful lifestyle intervention programme for New Zealand Maori to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
|
Lifestyle programmes have been shown to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in European populations. The participation of Maori in many mainstream health programmes is poor. This study evaluates a lifestyle intervention programme which is acceptable to Maori and which has objective outcome measures to determine the effectiveness of the programme. Thirty six Maori men and women were recruited for a 4 month programme involving modification of diet and exercise. Insulin sensitivity was measured using a euglycaemic insulin clamp, body composition using dual-energy-absorptiometry and fitness using a submaximal exercise test. Secondary outcome measures included anthropometry, blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, and lipid profiles. There was a 24% improvement in insulin sensitivity (from 5.1 to 6.3 G/mIU/L, P=0.03, N=29). This was associated with a reduction of 3.1 kg in weight (95%CI -4 to -2) and a reduction of 7 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (95%CI -13, -1). This approach successfully reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in New Zealand Maori in the short term.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Composition', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Exercise Test', 'Fasting', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Health Plan Implementation', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New Zealand', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Oceanic Ancestry Group', 'Program Evaluation', 'Risk Factors', 'Risk Reduction Behavior']
| 14,672,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['N03.349.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['M01.686.508.600'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.699']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A preliminary study to assess the use of a "Snakes and Ladders" board game in improving the knowledge of elementary school children about taeniasis.
|
The Snakes and Ladders board game was modified so that it contained information on taeniasis. A quantitative approach was used to evaluate if elementary school children were able to answer correctly more questions about Taenia saginata and Taenia solium transmission and control after playing the game compared to before playing the game. In total, 78 children (9-12 years of age) from Dukuh elementary school in Karangasem District, Bali, Indonesia, were evaluated. The children were asked to complete a pre- and post-test assessment before and after playing the game a single time. Overall proportion of correct answers was 40.3% before playing the game and 58.8% after playing the game. There was a greater proportion of correct answers for questions pertaining to the transmission route for T. saginata (p < 0.001) and T. solium (p < 0.001), human infection type with T. solium (p = 0.035) and T. saginata (p < 0.001), and animal infection type with T. solium or T. saginata (p < 0.001) after playing the game compared to before playing the game. However, there was no significant difference for any question for the youngest grade level. Use of this popular board game appears to be a promising tool for teaching older (10 years of age and above) children about taeniasis in endemic areas.
|
['Animals', 'Child', 'Cysticercosis', 'Female', 'Games, Recreational', 'Humans', 'Indonesia', 'Knowledge', 'Male', 'Memory and Learning Tests', 'Records', 'Schools', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Taenia saginata', 'Taenia solium', 'Taeniasis']
| 31,369,727
|
[['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C01.610.335.190.902.185'], ['I03.450.642.693.465'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.145.380', 'Z01.639.580'], ['K01.468'], ['F04.711.513.401'], ['E05.318.308.940', 'L01.399.250.900', 'N04.452.859', 'N05.715.360.300.715', 'N06.850.520.308.940'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.895.643'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.215.895.775'], ['C01.610.335.190.902']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Evidence of complete cellular repair of 1,N6-ethenoadenine, a mutagenic and potential damage for human cancer, revealed by a novel method.
|
1,N6-Ethenoadenine (epsilonA) is generated endogenously by lipid peroxidation and exogenously by tumorigenic industrial agents, vinyl chloride, and vinyl carbamate. epsilonA detected in human tissues causes mutation and is implicated in liver, colon and lung cancers. N-methyl purine DNA-glycosylase (MPG) is the only enzyme known so far to repair epsilonA. However, the mechanism of in vivo repair of epsilonA and the role of MPG remain enigmatic. Moreover, previous in vivo repair studies for DNA lesions, including epsilonA, focused only on the step of the removal of the base lesion without further insight into the completion of the repair process. This may be in part due to the unavailability of an appropriate in vivo quantitative method to evaluate complete BER process at the basal level. Our newly developed in vivo method is highly sensitive and involves phagemid M13mp18, containing epsilonA at a defined position. The complete repair events have been estimated by plaque assay in E. coli with the phagemids recovered from the human cells after cellular processing. We found that the detectable complete (removal and replacement of epsilonA with adenine) repair was observed only 18% in 16 h, but with the repair nearing completion within 24 h in colon cancer, HCT-116, cells. Moreover, MPG is the predominant enzyme for the BER process to remove epsilonA in mammalian cells. Although, the epsilonA is fairly a bulky adduct compared to other small BER substrate lesions, NER pathway is not involved in repair of this adduct. Furthermore, the epsilonA repair in vivo and in vitro is predominant in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle.
|
['Adenine', 'Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Extracts', 'DNA', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'HCT116 Cells', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mutagens', 'N-Glycosyl Hydrolases', 'Neoplasms', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 18,373,235
|
[['D03.633.100.759.138'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['G04.144'], ['D20.777.162'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['A11.251.210.190.380', 'A11.251.860.180.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D27.888.569.468'], ['D08.811.277.450.430'], ['C04'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Deteriorated visual backward masking in the shine-through effect in adolescents with psychosis.
|
Visual backward masking is a reliable and widely used tool in schizophrenia research. Whereas many studies have shown masking deficits in adult patients, there are only very few studies with adolescents with psychosis-and with controversial results. Masking deficits of adolescents are of primary interest because they are not caused by long-term suffering from the disease and severe medication. We investigated 15 adolescents with psychosis and 19 age-matched controls in the shine-through backward masking paradigm for which strong performance deficits were shown previously in adult schizophrenic patients and their relatives. Adolescents with psychosis were strongly impaired in the shine-through effect compared to controls. This result adds further evidence that backward masking is an endophenotype of schizophrenia.
|
['Adolescent', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Attention', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Perceptual Disorders', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Visual Acuity']
| 19,031,325
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of field experiences on music therapy students' perceptions of choral music for geriatric wellness programs.
|
The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of field experiences on music therapy students' perceptions of choral music for geriatric wellness programs. Specifically, the study investigated music therapy students': a) personal comfort working with senior adult singers; b) perceptions of preparation in their educational training to work with senior adults in a choral music wellness program; c) perceptions of senior adults' functioning levels as singers in choral ensembles; d) perceptions of senior adults' functioning levels as learners; and e) willingness to seek additional opportunities to lead senior adults in choral music wellness programs. Comparative analysis using pretest and posttest scores for each grouping was completed. Significant mean score differences were found in the categories of student comfort, preparation, perceptions of singing, and willingness, with gains from pre- to posttest in all categories. The general demographics and perceptions of learning groupings increased and decreased, respectively, though not significantly, following the field experience. Analysis combining all groups, creating an overall pretest and posttest score, was also completed. Results revealed that students felt significantly more positive about choral music being used in wellness programs for senior adults after the field experience.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Female', 'Health Services for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Music', 'Music Therapy', 'Preceptorship', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors']
| 15,762,837
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['N02.421.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['K01.602'], ['E02.190.888.500', 'E02.760.169.063.500.440', 'E02.831.440', 'F04.754.549'], ['I02.358.968'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Obstruction of the small intestine: accuracy and role of CT in diagnosis.
|
The reliability of abdominal computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of varying degrees of small bowel obstruction (SBO) was evaluated by using results at enteroclysis and clinical outcome as standards of reference. A blinded retrospective analysis was performed of the studies of 55 patients who underwent both CT and enteroclysis in the course of assessment for suspected SBO. Nine patients had no obstruction, 40 patients had obstruction due to adhesions, and six patients had tumor-related obstruction. CT results were used to identify correctly 63% (29 of 46) of those who had SBO and 78% (seven of nine) of the patients who did not. The overall accuracy of the CT interpretations to help establish diagnosis was 65% (36 of 55). When obstructions were classified into low- and high-grade partial obstruction, CT results could be used to identify correctly 81% (17 of 21) of high-grade SBOs and 48% (12 of 25) of low-grade SBOs. The procedure yielded two false-positive and 13 false-negative results for patients with low-grade obstruction, revealed masses in all six cases with tumor-related obstruction, and helped predict the correct cause in all true-positive cases.
|
['Double-Blind Method', 'False Negative Reactions', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Obstruction', 'Intestine, Small', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 8,511,318
|
[['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E01.354.340'], ['E01.354.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.531'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Itinerant magnetism in metallic CuFe2Ge2.
|
Theoretical calculations are performed to understand the electronic structure and magnetic properties of CuFe2Ge2. The band structure reveals large electron density N(EF) at the Fermi level suggesting a strong itinerant character of magnetism. The Fermi surface is dominated by two dimensional sheet like structures, with potentially strong nesting between them. The magnetic ground state appears to be ferromagnetic along a and antiferromagnetic in other directions. These results show that CuFe2Ge2 is an antiferromagnetic metal, with similarities to the Fe-based superconductors; such as magnetism with substantial itinerant character and coupling between magnetic order and electrons at the Fermi energy.
|
['Electrons', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Magnetics', 'Metals', 'Temperature']
| 25,807,140
|
[['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['D01.490.100'], ['H01.671.493'], ['D01.552'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
SMART cognitive training combined with a parental coaching programme for three children treated for medulloblastoma.
|
In a pilot study we examined the feasibility of a condensed version of the Swedish Memory and Attention Re-Training on children treated for medulloblastoma combined with a structured coaching programme for their parents. Parental coaching contained the translation of the child's new skills into daily life, and education regarding their own stress mechanisms. Before and after intervention we assessed the children's cognitive performance, social relations and self image as well as their parents stress. All three families continued the programme without interruption. Observations revealed that this condensed version of the programme was more stressful to participants. However, several aspects of the children's attention and memory performance improved from pre to post-training assessment. In addition, all of the children reported enhancement of their social relations and self image. Initially, symptoms of parental stress were pronounced for the three mothers, but fairly low for the fathers. After training and coaching, the stress level of both mothers and fathers was low. Our findings encourage full scale studies examining whether this combination of condensed cognitive training and specific coaching programme for parents may influence not only the children's cognitive performance but also their social relations, self image and their parents stress.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Executive Function', 'Family Health', 'Family Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medulloblastoma', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Parents', 'Pilot Projects', 'Self Concept', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 20,203,375
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.615.250'], ['F02.463.217'], ['N01.400.300'], ['F04.754.864.581.273'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.465.625.600.590.500', 'C04.557.470.670.380.515', 'C04.557.470.670.590.500', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ultrasonographic and sonoelastographic features of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands.
|
AIMS: The typical ultrasound features of pleomorphic adenomas are considered to be the well-defined contour, the regular, sometimes lobulated shape, homogeneous structure and poor vascularization. The goal of our study was to verify the validity of these features and to identify a typical sonoelastographic pattern for pleomorphic adenomas.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between April 2007 and February 2010, 70 salivary gland masses were examined prospectively (58 in the parotid gland, 12 in the submandibular gland). The following features were targeted: size, limits, contour, structure, echogenicity, vascularization, elasticity/stiffness.RESULTS: Of the 70 tumors, 32 (45.7%) were pleomorphic adenomas, 12 (17.1%) Warthin tumors, 9 (12.8%) other benign tumors, 13 (18.5%) primary malignant tumors, 3 metastases from carcinoma, and 1 non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Among pleomorphic adenomas, 15 (46.9%) were inhomogeneous, 7 (21.9%) contained necrotic areas and 14 (43.7%) were well-vascularized. The lobulated contour was identified in 14 pleomorphic adenomas (43.7%), no other benign tumor presented this type of contour, but it was identified in 2 malignant tumors (15.3%). On sonoelastography, most pleomorphic adenomas were heterogeneous. The elastic component represented more than 50% of the tumor tissue in 22 cases (68.7%). This aspect was also identified for 6 malignant tumors (46.1%).CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that features such as heterogeneous structure, rich vascularization and intra-tumoral necrosis may be identified in a significant number of pleomorphic adenomas. The most specific element in our group was the presence of a lobulated contour, which was not seen in any other benign tumor, but may rarely appear in certain malignant tumors. The elastographic aspect was heterogeneous for most tumors, but the elastic composition identified in most pleomorphic adenomas was also present in a significant proportion of malignant tumors. Therefore, a typical sonoelastographic pattern for pleomorphic adenomas could not be identified.
|
['Adenolymphoma', 'Adenoma, Pleomorphic', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Necrosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Salivary Gland Neoplasms', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color']
| 21,203,593
|
[['C04.557.435.075'], ['C04.557.435.090', 'C04.557.470.035.155'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.850.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.717'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.588.443.591.824', 'C07.465.530.824', 'C07.465.815.718'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Use of grafts in pelvic reconstructive surgery.
|
There has been growing interest in the use of grafts in pelvic reconstructive surgery. This article will address available graft materials and assess their clinical efficacy and safety. We conducted a Pubmed MEDLINE literature search for full-length English text studies with follow-up periods of at least one year. There are many reports on synthetic and biological graft materials; the majority are not well-designed, have short-term follow-up, small sample sizes, and poor outcome assessment. The use of non-absorbable synthetic grafts may offer excellent anatomical cure rates. However, it is associated with a high incidence of graft-related complications, including healing abnormalities and adverse bladder, bowel, and sexual function effects. These complications can be decreased with absorbable synthetic meshes, but efficacy is lower compared to non-absorbable ones. There is insufficient evidence in favor of biological grafts. In conclusion, based on current knowledge, routine application of grafts in pelvic reconstruction is not recommended. It is preferred that graft utilization be individualized, with close monitoring for complications.
|
['Absorbable Implants', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Korea', 'Pelvic Bones', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,461,510
|
[['E07.695.025'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['A02.835.232.043.825'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.680'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Dissociation between steroid receptor expression and cell proliferation in the human breast.
|
We have shown previously that estradiol stimulates cell proliferation and progesterone receptor (PgR) synthesis in luminal epithelial cells of the normal human breast. Approximately 10-15% of luminal epithelial cells within the normal breast express immunodetectable estrogen receptor (ER), but little is known about their distribution within lobules and their organization in relation to the smaller population of proliferating cells. Using normal human breast tissue, we show that ER-positive cells are distributed evenly throughout the mammary epithelium. Using double antibody immunofluorescence, we show that 96% of steroid receptor-positive cells synthesize both ER and PgR (n = 25). Double labeling with antibodies to either ER or PgR coupled with either [3H]thymidine histoautoradiography or with antibodies to the Ki67 proliferation antigen indicates that dividing cells are separate from those expressing the receptors (although they are often in close proximity). However, in contrast to the normal human breast, two-thirds of ER-positive human mammary tumors examined (n = 19) have a high proportion of dividing cells that are ER positive. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that cells in normal human breast epithelium are hierarchical in organization and support a model in which proliferation of ER-negative cells is controlled by paracrine factors released from ER-positive cells under the influence of estradiol. This organization may be disrupted in some tumors.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Division', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Receptors, Estradiol', 'Receptors, Progesterone']
| 9,371,488
|
[['D23.101'], ['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.826.750.350.350'], ['D12.776.826.750.765']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Confidence intervals for the between-study variance in random-effects meta-analysis using generalised heterogeneity statistics: should we use unequal tails?
|
BACKGROUND: Confidence intervals for the between study variance are useful in random-effects meta-analyses because they quantify the uncertainty in the corresponding point estimates. Methods for calculating these confidence intervals have been developed that are based on inverting hypothesis tests using generalised heterogeneity statistics. Whilst, under the random effects model, these new methods furnish confidence intervals with the correct coverage, the resulting intervals are usually very wide, making them uninformative.METHODS: We discuss a simple strategy for obtaining 95 % confidence intervals for the between-study variance with a markedly reduced width, whilst retaining the nominal coverage probability. Specifically, we consider the possibility of using methods based on generalised heterogeneity statistics with unequal tail probabilities, where the tail probability used to compute the upper bound is greater than 2.5 %. This idea is assessed using four real examples and a variety of simulation studies. Supporting analytical results are also obtained.RESULTS: Our results provide evidence that using unequal tail probabilities can result in shorter 95 % confidence intervals for the between-study variance. We also show some further results for a real example that illustrates how shorter confidence intervals for the between-study variance can be useful when performing sensitivity analyses for the average effect, which is usually the parameter of primary interest.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that using unequal tail probabilities when computing 95 % confidence intervals for the between-study variance, when using methods based on generalised heterogeneity statistics, can result in shorter confidence intervals. We suggest that those who find the case for using unequal tail probabilities convincing should use the '1-4 % split', where greater tail probability is allocated to the upper confidence bound. The 'width-optimal' interval that we present deserves further investigation.
|
['Algorithms', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Biometry', 'Computer Simulation', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Humans', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Models, Statistical']
| 27,604,952
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A reliable, simple and cost-efficient TLC-HPLC method for simultaneously determining florfenicol and florfenicol amine in porcine urine: application to residue surveillance.
|
Violative residues of florfenicol (FF) in porcine edible tissues pose a potential risk for human health. In this study, urine was selected as target matrix for routine residue monitoring of FF in pig, and a thin layer chromatography (TLC)-high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for simultaneously determining FF and florfenicol amine (FFA) in porcine urine. The urine samples were extracted with ethyl acetate under alkaline environment. The extracts were enriched through evaporation, purified by TLC and analysed by HPLC at 225 nm. A Waters Symmetry C18 column was used for the separation of the two analytes. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-phosphate buffer mixtures (33.3: 66.7, v/v), and was pumped at 0.6 mL/min. The TLC-HPLC method was well validated and successfully applied to residue depletion study. Good analytical specificity was confirmed by the lack of interfering peaks at the retention times of FF and FFA. The standard curves showed good linearity (FF: y = 143064x - 1045.3, r= 0.9999; FFA: y = 275826x + 1888.8, r= 0.9999) over the range of 0.0625-8 ìg/mL. The precision ranged from 0.83% to 11.66% and 2.19% to 8.75% for intraday and interday determination, respectively. The corresponding accuracy ranged from -13.38% to 10.78% and -12.15% to 7.14%, respectively. The limits of quantification (LOQs) for FF and FFA were 0.125 ìg/mL. The residue depletion study showed that the concentrations of FF and FFA in urine were higher than those in edible tissues at three time points. This method was reliable, simple and cost efficient, and could be used to monitor FF residues in porcine edible tissue without slaughtering animals. TLC showed excellent purification efficiency and is expected to solve matrix interferences in veterinary drug residue analysis.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Drug Residues', 'Food Contamination', 'Swine', 'Thiamphenicol', 'Veterinary Drugs']
| 31,192,771
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['N06.850.460.200.250'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D02.033.455.706.300.850', 'D02.455.426.559.389.565.175.850', 'D02.640.529.175.850'], ['D26.939']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antiphospholipid Syndrome in Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: A Well-Defined Subgroup of Patients.
|
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thrombophilia with an uncertain role in the development of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). We aimed to assess the association of APS with the clinical phenotype of CTEPH. We retrospectively reviewed data of CTEPH patients referred to our center. Clinical, angiographic, and hemodynamic data were available for all patients. APS was diagnosed in the presence of one or more positive antiphospholipid (aPL) tests confirmed more than 12 weeks apart. Data were compared between APS-positive and APS-negative patients. From May 2013 to December 2018, 297 patients with CTEPH were enrolled. Twenty-three (7.7%) were positive for laboratory tests exploring aPL antibodies. Among them, 17 patients (74%) had a triple positive aPL profile. When compared with the APS-negative group, APS patients were significantly younger (30.0 ± 11.1 vs. 55.6 ± 12.9 years, p < 0.0001), had more frequently a history of pulmonary embolism (95.6% vs. 65.7%, p = 0.003), and had more frequently associated autoimmune disease (43.5% vs. 2.9%, p < 0.0001). In APS-positive patients, pulmonary artery lesions were more proximal and hemodynamic profiles were less compromised. Our results show that patients with APS are a unique group of CTEPH patients with well-defined clinic and hemodynamic characteristics.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Antiphospholipid', 'Antiphospholipid Syndrome', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'China', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thromboembolism', 'Young Adult']
| 31,226,720
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.210', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.210', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.210'], ['C20.111.197'], ['C20.111'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The first successful DeBakey VAD child implantation as a bridge to transplant.
|
A 14-year-old boy with repaired transposition of the great arteries and ventricular septal defect presented with atrial flutter and severe congestive heart failure. Despite successful cardioversion and optimal medical therapy, the patient deteriorated and was supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Two days after initiating ECMO support, we implanted the DeBakey VAD Child ventricular assist device (MicroMed Technology, Inc., Houston, TX) under the Humanitarian Device Exemption program. Later, he was able to pursue normal daily activities including physical rehabilitation and ambulation in the hospital. After 56 days, he underwent a successful cardiac transplantation. After 3 months, he had good cardiac function and no evidence of rejection. The DeBakey VAD Child device is a valuable option for cardiac support as a bridge to transplantation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Atrial Flutter', 'Equipment Design', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Transplantation', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prosthesis Implantation', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,322,739
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C14.280.067.248', 'C23.550.073.248'], ['E05.320'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E04.100.376.475', 'E04.928.220.390', 'E04.936.450.475'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.650'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The relationship between the dietary inflammatory index and prevalence of radiographic symptomatic osteoarthritis: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate whether higher dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores were associated with higher prevalence of radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in a large cohort of North American people from the Osteoarthritis Initiative database.METHODS: A total of 4358 community-dwelling participants (2527 females; mean age 61.2 years) from the Osteoarthritis Initiative were identified. DII® scores were calculated using the validated Block Brief 2000 Food-Frequency Questionnaire and scores were categorized into quartiles. Knee radiographic symptomatic osteoarthritis was diagnosed clinically and radiologically. The strength of association between divided into quartiles (DII®) and knee osteoarthritis was investigated through a logistic regression analysis, which adjusted for potential confounders, and results were reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS: Participants with a higher DII® score, indicating a more pro-inflammatory diet, had a significantly higher prevalence of radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis compared to those with lower DII® score (quartile 4: 35.4% vs. quartile 1: 24.0%; p < 0.0001). Using a logistic regression analysis, adjusting for 11 potential confounders, participants with the highest DII® score (quartile 4) had a significantly higher probability of experiencing radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.14-1.72; p = 0.002) compared to participants with the lowest DII® score (quartile 1).CONCLUSIONS: Higher DII® values are associated with higher prevalence of radiographic symptomatic knee osteoarthritis.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Databases, Factual', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis, Knee', 'Prevalence', 'Radiography', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 29,209,774
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606.500', 'C05.799.613.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dynamics of individual animal Bovine Herpes Virus-1 antibody status on 9 commercial dairy herds.
|
Bovine Herpes Virus 1 (BoHV-1) is an important viral disease of cattle worldwide. In endemically infected herds, there is an incomplete understanding of the epidemiology of BoHV-1 infection. We describe the dynamics of animal-level BoHV-1 antibody status on 9 endemically infected commercial dairy herds, based on the results of serial milk antibody testing. Results were used to identify primary exposure, secondary exposure (from re-activation or re-exposure) and development of test-negative latent carrier (TNLC) status. 4153 test results from 828 cow-lactations were analysed. Primary exposure occurred on two herds, secondary exposure occurred on all herds and development of TNLC status occurred in eight herds. Incidence of secondary exposure reduced over time and may have been related to increasing time since parturition. Regular secondary exposure is required to maintain measurable antibody status.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Herpesvirus 1, Bovine', 'Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis', 'Milk', 'Seasons']
| 21,774,953
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['B04.280.382.100.900.400'], ['C01.925.256.466.488', 'C22.196.429'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of outpatient assessment after transurethral prostatectomy.
|
The need for a three-month visit at the outpatient clinic for assessment including uroflowmetry was retrospectively evaluated in 78 patients who underwent transurethral resection for benign prostatic hypertrophy during 1986. One patient died before discharge and six were lost to follow-up. Eleven patients requested appointments earlier than three months, and 10 of these needed further treatment; four were operated on and six were treated with drugs. The remaining 60 patients attended as arranged. Thirty-nine were discharged, but 21 required further treatment. Eleven were operated on, four were given drugs, one had an external catheter because of incontinence, and five needed further visits to the outpatient clinic for other reasons. It was not possible to predict the necessity for follow-up from preoperative symptoms, cystitis, maximum urinary flow (ml/s), blood loss during operation, or length of stay in hospital after operation. We conclude that 35% (95% c.l. 23-48%) of the arranged outpatient visits three months after transurethral resection for benign prostatic hypertrophy are necessary and that the need is not predictable.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Creatinine', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Urination Disorders']
| 1,719,621
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C12.294.565.500'], ['C01.915', 'C12.777.892', 'C13.351.968.892'], ['C12.777.934', 'C13.351.968.934']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Oral health care for Canterbury, New Zealand 13-14 year old students.
|
The study has demonstrated a high prevalence of dental caries and a uniformly high level of treatment across all major population groups of Canterbury 13-14 year olds. The treatment programme has the problem of dental caries under control but more attention should be directed to lowering caries prevalence and the need for treatment by increased use of preventive measures. While increasing the population coverage in respect of fluoridated water would give the greatest reduction in caries prevalence, alternatives should be considered, especially in areas not served by piped water supplies. As dental personnel appear to be important sources of health education information, advantage should be taken of this opportunity to emphasize the importance of preventive care. The early signs of periodontal disease are of concern and they, too, should be susceptible to a more concerted preventive programme. Previous studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of denture wearers amongst New Zealand adults. This, and these early results from the International Collaborative Study have focussed attention on the need for information on factors influencing the demand for treatment once adolescents have reached the maximum age covered by the Government programmes. Further investigation is needed to provide these data.
|
['Adolescent', 'DMF Index', 'Dental Care', 'Dental Caries', 'Female', 'Gingivitis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'New Zealand', 'Oral Hygiene', 'Periodontal Index']
| 1,067,231
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.350', 'E06.208.266', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.340', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.350', 'N06.890.160.100'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['E02.547.600', 'E06.761.726'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Clinical application of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation for the treatment of neonatal pneumothorax].
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical effect of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) for the treatment of neonatal pneumothorax.METHODS: Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 23 neonates with pneumothorax who received HFOV from January 2007 to June 2011. Of the 23 cases, 19 cases were treated by HFOV as soon as they were diagnosed with pneumothorax, and 4 cases were treated by HFOV after the occurrence of pneumothorax during conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation. Another 23 neonates with pneumothorax who received CMV in the same period were selected as controls. The HFOV group and control group were compared with respect to oxygenation index (OI) and arterial/alveolar oxygen tension ratio (a/APO(2)) before and after 1, 12, 24, and 48 hours of ventilation as well as mechanical ventilation time, gas absorption time, complication, and prognosis.RESULTS: Both groups showed significantly decreased OI and significantly increased a/APO(2) after ventilation (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the HFOV group had significantly lower OI and significantly higher a/APO(2) after 1, 12, 24, and 48 hours of ventilation (P<0.05). Mechanical ventilation and gas absorption times were significantly shorter in the HFOV group than in the control group (P<0.05). Twenty-two cases were cured in the HFOV group and 21 in the control group. Each group included one case of ventilator-associated pneumonia that was later cured with antibiotics.CONCLUSIONS: Compared with CMV, HFOV performs better in improving the pulmonary oxygenation function of neonates with pneumothorax and can shorten both mechanical ventilation time and gas absorption time without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.
|
['Female', 'High-Frequency Ventilation', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Oxygen', 'Pneumothorax', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 22,809,600
|
[['E02.041.625.508', 'E02.880.820.508'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['C08.528.778'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus on the population pharmacokinetics of rifampin in tuberculosis patients.
|
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a well-known risk factor to develop tuberculosis (TB). Some reports indicate the serum concentrations of anti-TB drugs are lower in patients with TB and DM than those with TB only. Therefore, we developed a nonlinear mixed-effects model (NONMEM) to determine the population PK parameters of rifampin and assessed the effects of DM status in patients with TB. One-compartment linear modeling with first-order absorption was evaluated using the 206 plasma samples of rifampin from 54 patients with DM. Based on the final model, DM affected the absorption rate constant (ka) and the volume of distribution (Vd) of rifampin. The body mass index (BMI) of the patients affected rifampin clearance (CL). The ka of rifampin in patients with TB and DM was greater than that in patients with TB only. Further, the predicted Vd in patients with DM was greater than that in patients without DM. As Vd is inversely correlated with plasma concentrations, the rifampin concentrations were predicted to be lower in the patients with DM. The authors recommend administering the greater doses of rifampin for the treatment of TB in patients with DM compared with the doses for the patients without DM to prevent treatment failure.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibiotics, Antitubercular', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Chemical', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rifampin', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary', 'Young Adult']
| 25,482,224
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255.135'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.633.400.811.700', 'D04.345.295.750.700'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Change in automaticity of excised, sino-atrial node by alprenolol and its dextro isomer and several drugs injected into the sinus node artery of the dog.
|
Effects of several drugs on the automaticity of blood-perfused canine sino-atrial node preparation were examined by injecting drugs into the sinus node artery. All drugs produced a dose-dependent decrease in sino-atrial rate, although dl-alprenolol in low doses produced a slight increase, and their relative potencies determined on the basis of the molar doses producing a decrease by 15 beats/min (ED 15) were in the descending order: SK&F24260 greater than or equal to nifedipine greater than or equal to adenosine greater than quinidine greater than dl-propranolol greater than or equal to dl-alprenolol greater than procaine, and 1:1/1.2:1/2.0:1/28.8:1/114.2:1/123.8:1/704.2. Potencies of dl- and d-alprenolol and propranolol in causing a negative chronotropic action were almost equal. In higher doses, SK&F24260 and nifedipine (3-10 microgram), quinidine (0.3-1 mg), dl-propranolol and alprenolol (0.3-1 mg), and procaine (1-3 mg) caused a sino-atrial arrest. The order of potency in causing arrest was approximately similar to that in causing arrest was approximately similar to that in causing a negative chronotropic action (ED 15). Adenosine showed a profound negative chronotropic effect but did not cause a sino-atrial arrest. The negative chronotropic action and sino-atrial arrest caused by dl- and d-alprenolol and propranolol, quinidine and procaine maybe due mainly to their calcium antagonistic properties, but it is considered that their action sites are individually different. Furthermore, we suggest that in conscious dogs the tachycardia produced by the systemic administration of dl-alprenolol is not entirely due to its intrinsic sympathomimetic effect.
|
['Adenosine', 'Alprenolol', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Injections, Intra-Arterial', 'Male', 'Nifedipine', 'Procaine', 'Propranolol', 'Quinidine', 'Sinoatrial Node', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 603,319
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.055', 'D02.033.755.624.698.055', 'D02.092.063.624.698.055'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['E02.319.267.530.370'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.500.906', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.906'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['D03.132.206.636', 'D03.605.687.637', 'D03.633.100.810.699'], ['A07.541.409.819'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Actions of 8-bromo-cyclic-GMP on neurones in the rat thalamus in vivo and in vitro.
|
The diffusible intercellular messenger nitric oxide may have a modulatory role in the thalamus and this action may be mediated via activation of soluble guanylate cyclase. In order to investigate this possibility, we applied the cyclic-GMP analogue 8-Bromo-cyclic-GMP (8-Br-cGMP) onto neurones in the ventrobasal and lateral geniculate nuclei of the thalamus in anaesthetised rats, and compared its effects with those of a nitric oxide donor. 8-Br-cGMP enhanced the responses of neurones to iontophoretically applied NMDA and AMPA. Furthermore, somatosensory and visual responses of ventrobasal and lateral geniculate neurones were enhanced to 274+/-76% and 217+/-69% of control values, respectively. These effects were similar to those seen with nitric oxide donors in this study and previous work from this laboratory. When applied to thalamic neurones in an in vitro slice preparation, 8-Br-cGMP caused a membrane depolarisation associated with a decrease in input resistance. These findings indicate that activation of guanylate cyclase can cause a membrane depolarisation of thalamic neurones in vitro, and that this effect is sufficient to enhance action responses to ionotropic glutamate receptor stimulation via either exogenous agonists or sensory stimulation.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists', 'Geniculate Bodies', 'Guanylate Cyclase', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Molsidomine', 'N-Methylaspartate', 'Neurons, Afferent', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid']
| 10,375,703
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.200', 'D27.505.696.577.190.200'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701.444'], ['D08.811.520.650.600', 'D12.644.360.350', 'D12.776.476.350'], ['E05.481'], ['D03.383.129.462.580.693.450', 'D03.383.533.640.362'], ['D12.125.067.500.400', 'D12.125.119.170.400'], ['A08.675.650', 'A11.671.650'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D03.383.129.385.025']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Are lipid-lowering drugs associated with a risk of cataract? A pharmacovigilance study.
|
Some reports have raised concerns regarding a potential risk of cataracts associated with statins. However, clinical and observational studies evaluating the risk led to conflicting results. We assessed whether lipid-lowering drugs (LLD) use is associated with an increased risk of cataract using the WHO's Individual Case Safety Reports database, VigiBase® . We performed a disproportionality analysis with all reports between 1/1/1988 and 12/31/2018 to measure the reporting risk of 'cataract' in patients ?45 years. Primary analysis compared LLD users to non-users. To mitigate some potential confounding bias, we performed several sensitivity analyses excluding reports (i) with an association of at least two LLD, (ii) with antidiabetic and glucocorticoids and (iii) with lovastatin. We also analyzed the data according to the different classes of age limiting the period of study to years 2002-2012. We identified 14 664 reports of cataract (3 049 in LLD users, 66% women, 66 ± 20 years). Statins (84%, atorvastatin, simvastatin, rosuvastatin and lovastatin) were mostly reported, followed by fibrates (5.7%), nicotinic acid (3%), bile acid sequestrants (2%), herbal cholesterol and triglyceride reducers (2%) and others (ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, 15%). LLD users were associated with a greater risk of reports than non-users (ROR 2.47, 95% CI 2.37-2.57). This association was also found for statins in general, fibrates, bile sequestrants, nicotinic acid, herbal drugs and others. Similar trends were observed in sensitivity analyses (except for fibrates and nicotinic acid after exclusion of reports with at least two LLD or in older patients ?75 years). Using a large real-life database (>18.5 million reports), we found a signal of cataract for LLD as a whole and statins, bile sequestrants and herbal drugs in particular. The signal disappeared for fibrates and nicotinic acid in older patients. No definite conclusions can be made for ezetimibe or PCSK9 inhibitors (evolocumab and alirocumab). This suggests that a decrease in cholesterol could be important in the pathophysiology of cataract in patients exposed to the main LLD.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cataract', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Hypolipidemic Agents', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Niacin', 'Pharmacovigilance', 'Proprotein Convertase 9', 'Risk']
| 31,251,421
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C11.510.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['D27.505.519.186.071', 'D27.505.954.557.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.066.515.475', 'D03.383.725.547.475'], ['E05.337.800.600', 'N06.850.505.636'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.718', 'D08.811.277.656.837.688', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.718'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A cost-effectiveness analysis of the diagnostic strategies for differentiating focal nodular hyperplasia from hepatocellular adenoma.
|
OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) strategy compared with conventional MRI strategy and biopsy to differentiate focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) from hepatocellular adenoma (HCA).METHODS: A decision tree model was constructed to compare the cost-effectiveness of EOB-MRI, conventional MRI with extracellular contrast agents, and biopsy as the initial diagnostic modality in patients with incidentally detected focal liver lesions suspected of being FNH or HCA. We analysed the cost and effectiveness, i.e. probability of successful diagnosis of each strategy. Costs were based on utilisation rates and Medicare reimbursements in the USA and South Korea.RESULTS: In the base case analysis of our decision tree model, the effectiveness of the three strategies was similar. The cost of the EOB-MRI strategy ($1283 in USA, $813 in South Korea) was lowest compared with the biopsy strategy ($1725 in USA, $847 in South Korea) and the conventional MRI strategy ($1750 in USA, $962 in South Korea). One-way, two-way and probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed unchanged results over an acceptable range.CONCLUSIONS: EOB-MRI strategy is the most cost-effective strategy for differentiating FNH from HCA in patients with incidentally detected focal liver lesions in a non-cirrhotic liver.KEY POINTS: • The effectiveness of the three strategies was similar. • The cost of the EOB-MRI strategy was lowest. • EOB-MRI strategy is the most cost-effective for differentiating FNH from HCA.
|
['Adenoma, Liver Cell', 'Adult', 'Contrast Media', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Decision Trees', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Focal Nodular Hyperplasia', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Liver', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Medicare', 'Middle Aged', 'Republic of Korea', 'United States']
| 28,726,119
|
[['C04.557.470.035.120', 'C04.588.274.623.040', 'C06.301.623.040', 'C06.552.697.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['G17.162.500'], ['E01.171'], ['C06.552.270'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Severe exacerbation of liver disease during pregnancy in a thalassemic GBV-C/HGV-positive patient and neonatal hepatitis in offspring.
|
The case of a young woman with GB virus C/hepatitis G virus (GBV-C/HGV) infection and with a severe exacerbation of chronic hepatitis of unknown etiology during pregnancy is described. In the offspring, severe neonatal hepatitis with subsequent mild chronic liver disease of at least 16-month duration was followed by the development of antibodies to the envelope protein (E2) of GBV-C/HGV, suggesting that the child was recovering from GBV-C/HGV infection. There was an improvement in clinical and biochemical parameters in the mother following delivery and alpha-interferon therapy was associated with a transient biochemical response.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Female', 'Flaviviridae', 'Hepatitis, Viral, Human', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Liver Function Tests', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'RNA, Viral', 'beta-Thalassemia']
| 9,892,395
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['B04.820.578.344'], ['C01.925.440', 'C06.552.380.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N06.850.335.875'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['E01.370.372.460'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875.150', 'C15.378.420.826.150', 'C16.320.070.875.150', 'C16.320.365.826.150']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Complete genome sequence of a novel species of Porcine Bocavirus, PBoV5.
|
Porcine bocavirus 5 is a novel porcine bocavirus species found in a pig with clinical diarrhea from a farm in China. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of strain PBoV5/JS677, which will help toward understanding the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of the porcine bocavirus.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Bocavirus', 'China', 'Diarrhea', 'Feces', 'Genome, Viral', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Parvoviridae Infections', 'Sus scrofa', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases']
| 22,205,722
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B04.280.580.650.085'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['A12.459'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C01.925.256.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Asymmetric synthesis of chiral ä-lactones containing multiple contiguous stereocenters.
|
A versatile methodology for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral ä-lactones containing multiple contiguous stereocenters has been developed that relies on a series of Evans' aldol, hydroxyl-directed cyclopropanation, methanolysis, and Hg(II) mediated cyclopropane ring-opening reactions for stereocontrol.
|
['Chemistry, Organic', 'Cyclopropanes', 'Lactones', 'Mercury', 'Molecular Structure', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 21,671,632
|
[['H01.181.404'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.533'], ['D02.540'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Progressive neuronal loss induced by kindling: a possible mechanism for mossy fiber synaptic reorganization and hippocampal sclerosis.
|
Kindling of limbic structures induces synaptic reorganization of the mossy fiber pathway in the dentate gyrus. To evaluate the hypothesis that kindling stimulation may also cause neuronal loss in the hilus of the dentate gyrus that could play a role in this synaptic reorganization, neuron counts were obtained using quantitative stereological methods in the hilar polymorphic region of rats kindled by perforant path stimulation. After 3 kindled generalized tonic clonic seizures, there was 12.7% neuronal loss in the hilar polymorphic region compared to controls, but there was no visually apparent lesion. After 30 generalized kindled seizures, the neuronal loss was 40.1%, was visually apparent, and resembled one aspect of the pattern of hilar neuronal loss observed in human hippocampal sclerosis. The results demonstrate that brief sporadic seizures can induce neuronal loss in the hippocampal formation, a brain region implicated in epilepsy, memory, and cognition.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Count', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Hippocampus', 'Kindling, Neurologic', 'Male', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sclerosis', 'Synapses']
| 2,282,474
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['G11.561.484'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['C23.550.823'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Epidemiology of obesity among the adult population of Catalonia].
|
Several epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is related to the mortality from cardiovascular disease. In this study, the epidemiology of obesity and the correlation between body mass index and other cardiovascular risk factors was studied in a representative sample of the adult population of Catalonia. It was obtained a random sample (n = 704) of the adult population of Catalonia aged 15 or more years. Height and weight were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated (height in Kg/weight2 in m2). Obesity was defined as a BMI greater than 30, and overweight as a BMI from 25 to 30. In the first 314 participants, it was determined the concentration of total cholesterol, cholesterol-HDL and triglyceride, and it was measured the blood pressure. The correlation between BMI and other cardiovascular risk factors was analysed. The study was carried out in 1989. The mean of BMI increased with age in both sexes. BMI was significantly higher in men (26 kg/m2) than women (25 kg/m2). The prevalence of obesity was of 12% in both men and women, and the prevalence of overweight was of 48.5% in men and 38% in women. The prevalence of arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and diabetes was greater individuals with obesity, with differences statistically significant for hypertension (odds ratio of 3.26). The multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the association between obesity and hypertension was not statistically significant (OR adj. = 2.09), when the effect of the other risk factors, the age and sex were controlled.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Risk Factors', 'Spain']
| 1,420,758
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C14'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of all-trans-retinoic on human gastric cancer cells BGC-823.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the inhibitory effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on cell growth, cell cycle and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 in vitro.METHODS: Human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells were treated with various concentrations of ATRA and the cell growth was then determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide viability assay. The cell cycle distribution was analyzed using a flow cytometer. The VEGF mRNA and protein expression were analyzed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively.RESULTS: ATRA at concentrations of 0.1-10 micromol/L inhibited the growth of BGC-823 cells grown in culture; a time- and dose-dependent inhibitory influence was found. ATRA arrested BGC-823 cells at the G0/G1 phase in a dose-dependent way. Both VEGF mRNA and protein were decreased by ATRA in a dose-dependent way.CONCLUSION: The anti-tumor effects of ATRA on human gastric cancer cells are associated with G0/G1 phase arrest and decreased VEGF expression.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tretinoin', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 17,261,132
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.144'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Causes and remedies for low research productivity among postgraduate scholars and early career researchers on non-communicable diseases in Nigeria.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the descriptive, cross sectional, questionnaire-based study reported here was to explore the causes of low productivity in non-communicable diseases research among postgraduate scholars and early career researchers in Nigeria and identify measures that could facilitate increased research output.RESULTS: The 89 respondents were masters-level, doctoral scholars and resident doctors who attended a workshop. Majorities of the respondents (over 70%) either agreed or strongly agreed that factors contributing to poor non-communicable diseases research productivity include a dearth of in-country researchers with specialized skills, inability of Nigerian researchers to work in multidisciplinary teams, poor funding for health research, sub-optimal infrastructural facilities, and limited use of research findings by policy makers. Almost all the respondents (over 90%) agreed that potential strategies to facilitate non-communicable diseases research output would include increased funding for research, institutionalization of a sustainable, structured capacity building program for early career researchers, establishment of Regional Centers for Research Excellence, and increased use of research evidence to guide government policy actions and programs.
|
['Academies and Institutes', 'Biomedical Research', 'Capacity Building', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Humans', 'Nigeria', 'Noncommunicable Diseases', 'Research Personnel', 'Research Support as Topic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities']
| 31,307,552
|
[['N03.540.052'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['N02.138', 'N04.452.105'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['C23.550.291.898'], ['M01.526.839'], ['N03.219.483.645'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Atorvastatin mitigates testicular injuries induced by ionizing radiation in mice.
|
BACKGROUND: Radiotherapy in patients with pelvis malignancy causes testes irradiation and resulted in testicular damages. Atorvastatin (ATV) in the low-dose is considered as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.OBJECTIVE: This experimental study was investigated protective effects of ATV on irradiation-induced testicular injury.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty male balb/c mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: 1: control, 2: irradiated (IR), 3, 4 and 5: IR plus ATV (10, 20 and 50mg/kg), 6: only ATV (50mg/kg). The ATV treated groups were received ATV for 7days via oral gavage before IR. Irradiated groups exposed to 2Gy whole body X-ray on day 8. Biochemical, histological and immunohistological parameters were evaluated for radioprotective effect of ATV.RESULTS: In the ATV pretreatment in irradiated mice, MDA levels were significantly decreased compared with the IR group. The effect of all three doses of ATV caused reduced MDA level, but ATV to dose of 50mg/kg had more effect than other doses of ATV. Significant decrease in the concentration of testosterone was observed in only irradiated mice compared with the ATV plus irradiated. In addition, the histological examination showed Johnsen Score in the IR group was lower compared to ATV pretreated groups. ATV significantly reduced caspase-3 immunoreactivity induced by irradiation.CONCLUSION: The results from this study suggest that ATV at low dose has a protective effect against irradiation-induced testicular damage. This result provides a new indication of ATV for protection of testis during radiation therapy in treatment of cancer patients.
|
['Animals', 'Atorvastatin', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Radiation Injuries, Experimental', 'Radiation, Ionizing', 'Radiation-Protective Agents', 'Testicular Diseases', 'Testis', 'Testosterone']
| 28,668,617
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.578.075', 'D10.251.450.200'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['C26.733.720', 'E05.598.500.750', 'G01.750.748.500.720', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500.285', 'N06.850.810.300.360.285'], ['G01.750.750'], ['D27.505.696.706.776', 'D27.720.799.763'], ['C12.294.829', 'C19.391.829'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[DNA damage and apoptosis of human airway epithelial cell lines caused by cigarette smoke extract].
|
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoke exposure has been reported to induce DNA damage in a variety of cell types. This study was to investigate DNA damage and apoptosis in normal human bronchial epithelial cell line NHBE and lung carcinoma cell line SPC-A1 caused by cigarette smoke extract.METHODS: NHBE and SPC-A1 cells were incubated with different concentrations of cigarette smoke extract. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Fluorescence-labeled anti-histone gamma-H2AX polyclonal antibody was used to detect DNA double-strand breaks (DSBS) in chromatin. DNA damage was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of gamma-H2AX was detected by Western blot. Cigarette smoke extract-induced cell apoptosis was detected by sub G1 peak method and annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining assay. Cell morphology of DNA damage and apoptosis was observed by confocal laser microscopy.RESULTS: MTT assay results showed that cigarette smoke extract decreased the viability of NHBE and SPC-A1 cells in time-and concentration-dependent manners. Cigarette smoke extract induced DSBS in NHBE cells and SPC-A1 cells, and led to H2AX phosphorylation (denoted gamma-H2AX) in time-and concentration-dependent manners. The maximal value of gamma-H2AX was seen about 4 h after the treatment, and the value decreased subsequently, but did not reduce to a normal level. Cell apoptosis appeared about 12 h after DNA damage. Cigarette smoke extract also initiated the accumulation of gamma-H2AX in these cells, and cell apoptosis morphology was observed 4 h later.CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoke extract can induce DSBS and apoptosis in NHBE and SPC-A1 cells in time-and concentration-dependent manners.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Apoptosis', 'Bronchi', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded', 'DNA Damage', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Phosphorylation', 'Smoke', 'Time Factors', 'Tobacco']
| 17,059,759
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A04.411.125'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G05.200.210.220'], ['G05.200'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.436'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D20.633.937'], ['G01.910.857'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Second-order receptive fields reveal multidigit interactions in area 3b of the macaque monkey.
|
Linear receptive field (RF) models of area 3b neurons reveal a three-component structure: a central excitatory region flanked by two inhibitory regions that are spatially and temporally nonoverlapping with the excitation. Previous studies also report that there is an "infield" inhibitory region throughout the neuronal RF, which is a nonlinear interactive (second order) effect whereby stimuli lagging an input to the excitatory region are suppressed. Thus linear models may be inaccurate approximations of the neurons' true RFs. In this study, we characterize the RFs of area 3b neurons, using a second-order quadratic model. Data were collected from 80 neurons of two awake, behaving macaque monkeys while a random dot pattern was scanned simultaneously across the distal pads of digits D2, 3, and 4. We used an iterative method derived from matching pursuit to identify a set of linear and nonlinear terms with significant effects on the neuronal response. For most neurons (65/80), the linear component of the quadratic RF was characterized by a single excitatory region on the dominant digit. Interactions within the dominant digit were characterized by two quadratic filters that capture the spatial aspects of the interactive infield inhibition. Interactions between the dominant (most responsive) digit and its adjacent digit(s) formed the largest class of cross-digit interactions. The results demonstrate that a significant part of area 3b responses is due to nonlinear mechanisms, and furthermore, the data support the notion that area 3b neurons have "nonclassical RF"-like input from adjacent fingers, indicating that area 3b plays a role in integrating shape inputs across digits.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Afferent Pathways', 'Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Linear Models', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Male', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neural Inhibition', 'Neurons', 'Nonlinear Dynamics', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Touch', 'Wakefulness']
| 22,457,468
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['A08.612.220'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G07.265.755', 'G11.561.616'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.599.850', 'H01.548.675'], ['E05.723'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850'], ['F02.830.104.821', 'G11.561.035.738']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Immunohistochemical study of the palatine tonsils].
|
This study reports on an immunohistochemical examination of the tonsils. For this purpose 10 clinically healthy tonsils, 15 with acute tonsillitis, 40 with chronic cryptic tonsillitis and 16 hyperplastic tonsils were studied by means of the direct immunofluorescent technique. With regard to the clinically healthy tonsils: the number, the size of the germinal centres and the density of the immunocytes in them were very large in the hyperplastic tonsils, large in chronic cryptic tonsillitis, but remarkably decreased in acute tonsillitis. The disseminated immunoglobulin of the centres also presented a significant increase in all of them. In the extrafollicular area the fluorescent immunocytes were significantly increased. Although we did not notice differences in the density of IgA and IgM immunocytes between chronic cryptic tonsillitis and hyperplastic tonsils in the acute tonsillitis IgA immunocytes were found to be increased.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Lymphocytes', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Palatine Tonsil', 'Tonsillitis']
| 3,347,134
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A04.623.603.925', 'A10.549.580', 'A14.724.603.925', 'A15.382.520.604.580'], ['C01.748.561.750', 'C07.550.781.750', 'C08.730.561.750', 'C09.775.649.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The distribution and properties of RNA primed initiation sites of DNA synthesis at the replication origin of Escherichia coli chromosome.
|
RNA-linked DNA molecules were obtained from E. coli dnaCts cells synchronously initiating a new round of chromosome replication. The deoxynucleotides at the transition from primer RNA to DNA were 32P-labeled, and their positions were located on the nucleotide sequence of 1.4 kb genomic region (position -906 to +493) including the oriC and its leftside flanking region. In the r-strand (the counterclockwise strand), many strong transition sites were mapped in the left half portion of the oriC and a few weak sites in the left outside region. In the 1-strand (the clockwise strand), no transition sites were found inside the oriC but many weak sites were found in the left outside region. The results support the initiation mechanism in which the first leading strand synthesis starts with the r-strand counterclockwise from the oriC that is followed by the 1-strand synthesis on the displaced template strand on the left of oriC. Primer RNA molecules attached to the strong r-strand transition sites were only a few residues in length. Properties of the transition sites were discussed.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'RNA, Bacterial']
| 2,414,732
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D13.444.735.473']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A qualitative study on the transfer of residents between a nursing home and an emergency department.
|
Nursing home (NH) residents who have exacerbations of chronic health conditions or new illnesses must generally go the emergency department (ED) for health care, later returning to the nursing home when it is felt that they are no longer require acute care. Transfers between settings of care are referred to as transitions, and research has shown that residents are at risk of experiencing negative health outcomes during these periods. This article reports on a qualitative study of resident transfers between one NH and one ED in Canada. Data were collected using interviews, participant observation, and examination of institutional policies and standard practices. Three themes emerged from the data: (1) work of executing transfers; (2) creating and exchanging resident information; and (3) feelings of guilt but not being responsible about how residents' transfers occurred. Although completion of organization-specific forms consumed a considerable amount of practitioners' time, they contributed little to resident transfers or to the sharing of information. There is a need for integrated models of care that transcend settings and promote an understanding of the roles and responsibilities of practitioners working along the entire continuum of care.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Canada', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Homes for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nursing Homes', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Transfer']
| 21,438,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['J03.775.462', 'N02.278.825.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E02.760.169.624', 'E02.760.400.630', 'N02.421.585.169.624', 'N02.421.585.400.630', 'N04.590.233.727.210.624']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Prognostic implications of late gadolinium enhancement at the right ventricular insertion point in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.
|
INTRODUCTION: The presence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) at the right ventricular insertion point (RVIP) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is generally believed to be nonspecific, but the clinical implication of this unique LGE pattern in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NICM) has not been elucidated.OBJECTIVES: We investigated the prognostic significance of RVIP-LGE in NICM patients.METHODS: A total of 360 consecutive NICM patients referred for CMR (102 with no LGE, 50 with RVIP-LGE, 121 with left ventricular [LV]-LGE, and 87 with both an LV and RVIP-LGE) were studied. The primary endpoint was a composite of the all-cause death, hospitalization due to worsening of heart failure, and major arrhythmic events.RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 45.2 ± 36.5 months, 149 (41.4%) patients (22 [21.6%] no LGE vs. 16 [32.0%] RVIP-LGE vs. 62 [51.2%] LV-LGE vs. 49 [56.3%] both LV and RVIP-LGE, P < 0.0001) reached the primary endpoint. A Kaplan Meier curve demonstrated that RVIP-LGE patients had an intermediate trend of an event free survival rate for the composite endpoint (log-rank P < 0.0001). In a multivariable Cox regression model, LV-LGE (P = 0.008) and both LV and RVIP-LGE (P = 0.003) were significantly associated with a worse outcome, whereas RVIP-LGE was not (P = 0.101). In addition, RVIP-LGE patients (n = 32) had a more favorable outcome compared to LV-LGE patients (n = 32) even after matching the extent of the LGE (median 3.4% [interquartile range, 3.1-3.8], 8 [25.0%] RVIP-LGE vs. 20 [62.5%] LV-LGE, P = 0.002).CONCLUSIONS: LGE confined to the RVIP among NICM patients did not significantly increase the risk of adverse cardiac events, and also showed a better outcome than the same extent of LGE located in the LV. Identification of this unique LGE distribution may help refine the current risk stratification.
|
['Cardiomyopathy, Dilated', 'Contrast Media', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gadolinium', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis']
| 30,485,353
|
[['C14.280.195.160', 'C14.280.238.070', 'C16.320.488.750'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antibiotic prescribing in 4 assisted-living communities: incidence and potential for improvement.
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence, characteristics, and appropriateness of systemic antibiotic use in assisted living (AL) and to conduct a preliminary quality improvement intervention trial to reduce inappropriate prescribing.DESIGN: Pre-post study, with a 13-month intervention period.SETTING: Four AL communities.PARTICIPANTS: All prescribers, all AL staff who communicate with prescribers, and all patients who had an infection during the baseline and intervention periods.INTERVENTION: A standardized form for AL staff, an online education course and 5 practice briefs for prescribers, and monthly quality improvement meetings with AL staff.MEASUREMENTS: Monthly inventory of all systemic antibiotic prescriptions; interviews with the prescriber, AL staff member, closest family member, and patient (when capable) regarding 85 antibiotic prescribing episodes (30 baseline, 55 intervention), with data review by an expert panel to determine prescribing appropriateness.RESULTS: The mean number of systemic antibiotic prescriptions was 3.44 per 1,000 resident-days at baseline and 3.37 during the intervention, a nonsignificant change (P = .30). Few prescribers participated in online training. AL staff use of the standardized form gradually increased during the program. The proportion of prescriptions rated as probably inappropriate was 26% at baseline and 15% during the intervention, a nonsignificant trend (P = .25). Drug selection was largely appropriate during both time periods.CONCLUSIONS: AL antibiotic prescribing rates appear to be approximately one-half those seen in nursing homes, with up to a quarter being potentially inappropriate. Interventions to improve prescribing must reach all physicians and staff and most likely will require long time periods to have the optimal effect.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Assisted Living Facilities', 'Humans', 'Inappropriate Prescribing', 'Incidence', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Quality Improvement']
| 25,222,900
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['J03.775.187', 'N02.278.825.187'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.490', 'N02.421.450.500.249'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The Decim system for the production of dental restorations.
|
The general background to the development of CAD/CAM is presented in short. Specific problems when using this technique for the manufacturing of dental restorations are emphasized, and then the reverse engineering and CAD/CAM process that have been implemented in the Decim (Dentronic AB, Skellefte?, Sweden) system are presented. The system is organized in the following way: 1. The measurement process is encapsulated in a product called Decim Reader. 2. The design functionality is provided by software running on a conventional personal computer. This unit is called Decim Designer. 3. The CAM calculation is done by a dedicated personal computer, the Decim Calculator, that does not require any user interaction. 4. The actual manufacturing of the restorations is performed in the Decim Producer that works with a grinding technique. These components communicate via a local computer network or, when a distributed solution is desired, via internet. The Decim System is presently used for the production of dental ceramic restorations, and it is the only system which can be used for manufacturing inlays of yttria-stabilized zirconia. This ceramic material is CE-approved under the brand name Denzir (Dentronic AB, Skellefte?, Sweden). Due to its favorable mechanical properties, it may be an alternative to dental amalgam, and is therefore of topical interest in dentistry. The use of computer-based techniques for manufacturing dental restorations is briefly outlined and commented on.
|
['Ceramics', 'Computer-Aided Design', 'Dental Materials', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Inlays', 'Internet', 'Local Area Networks', 'Microcomputers', 'Software', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Systems Integration', 'Yttrium', 'Zirconium']
| 11,351,484
|
[['J01.637.153'], ['L01.224.108.150', 'L01.296.110.150'], ['D25.339', 'D27.720.102.339', 'J01.637.051.339'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E06.323.428.275', 'E06.780.346.737.500', 'E07.695.190.190.350'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['L01.224.230.110.600'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['L01.224.900'], ['G01.374.835'], ['H01.770.787', 'L01.906.787'], ['D01.268.558.975', 'D01.268.956.890', 'D01.552.550.975'], ['D01.268.556.950', 'D01.268.956.937', 'D01.552.544.950']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intestinal necrosis due to sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) in sorbitol.
|
BACKGROUND: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (SPS, Kayexalate) has been implicated in the development of intestinal necrosis. Sorbitol, added as a cathartic agent, may be primarily responsible. Previous studies have documented bowel necrosis primarily in postoperative, dialysis, and transplant patients. We sought to identify additional clinical characteristics among patients with probable SPS-induced intestinal necrosis.METHODS: Rhode Island Hospital surgical pathology records were reviewed to identify all gastrointestinal specimens reported as containing SPS crystals from December 1998 to June 2007. Patient demographics, medical comorbidities, and hospital courses of histologically verified cases of intestinal necrosis were extracted from the medical records.RESULTS: Twenty-nine patients with reports of SPS crystals were identified. Nine cases were excluded as incidental findings with normal mucosa. Nine patients were excluded as their symptoms began before SPS administration or because an alternate etiology for bowel ischemia was identified. Eleven patients had confirmed intestinal necrosis and a temporal relationship with SPS administration suggestive of SPS-induced necrosis. Only 2 patients were postoperative, and only 4 had end-stage renal disease (ESRD). All patients had documented hyperkalemia, received oral SPS, and developed symptoms of intestinal injury between 3 hours and 11 days after SPS administration. Four patients died.CONCLUSION: Intestinal ischemia is a recognized risk of SPS in sorbitol. Our series highlights that patients may be susceptible even in the absence of ESRD, surgical intervention, or significant comorbidity.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cathartics', 'Cation Exchange Resins', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperkalemia', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Ischemia', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Necrosis', 'Polystyrenes', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sorbitol']
| 19,373,153
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.483.396'], ['D27.720.470.420.275'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.396'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['C23.550.513'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.717'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D02.033.800.813', 'D09.853.813']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A flow cytometric rosetting assay for the analysis of IgG-Fc receptor interactions.
|
We have developed a sensitive and flexible method for the qualitative evaluation of IgG-Fc receptor interactions in cell suspensions. The assay is based on the flow cytometric quantitation of antibody-coated erythrocyte (EA) rosetting using fluorescein-labelled indicator erythrocytes (E). The number of IgG molecules on indicator E, an important parameter in EA rosetting, was estimated by calibrated flow cytometry. EA binding quantitated by this method was correlated with microscopically evaluated rosette formation. Besides automated quantitation of EA binding, this method offers the additional advantage of simultaneously using a second fluorescence parameter, permitting analysis of FcR activity in subpopulations of cells. As an example of the applicability of this approach the binding characteristics of E sensitized with a series of murine heavy chain isotype switch variant monoclonal antibodies against glycophorin A, to the low affinity receptor on K562 cells were determined. Remarkably, the results suggest a comparable affinity of Fc gamma RII on these cells for immunoglobulins of the murine IgG1, IgG2a and IgG2b isotypes.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Differentiation', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescence', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin Isotypes', 'Mice', 'Receptors, Fc', 'Receptors, IgG', 'Rosette Formation']
| 2,138,200
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264', 'D23.101.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.300'], ['E01.370.225.812.706', 'E05.200.812.706', 'E05.478.594.730']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanical and structural response of a hybrid hydrogel based on chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) cross-linked with epichlorohydrin for potential use in tissue engineering.
|
The development and characterization of a hybrid hydrogel based on chitosan (CS) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) chemically cross-linked with epichlorohydrin (ECH) is presented. The mechanical response of these hydrogels was evaluated by uniaxial tensile tests; in addition, their structural properties such as average molecular weight between cross-link points (Mcrl), mesh size (DN), and volume fraction (v(s)) were determined. This was done using the equivalent polymer network theory in combination with the obtained results from tensile and swelling tests. The films showed Young's modulus values of 11 ± 2 MPa and 9 ± 1 MPa for none irradiated and ultraviolet (UV) irradiated hydrogels, respectively. The cell viability was assessed using Calcein AM and Ethidium homodimer-1 assay and environmental scanning electron microscopy. The 1-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan thiazolyl blue formazan (MTT Formazan assay) results did not show cytotoxic effects; this was in good agreement with nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform infrared spectroscopies; their results did not show traces of ECH. This indicated that after the crosslinking process, there was no free ECH; furthermore, any possibility of ECH release in the construct during cell culture was discarded. The CS-PVA-ECH hybrid hydrogel allowed cell growth and extracellular matrix formation and showed adequate mechanical, structural, and biological properties for potential use in tissue engineering applications.
|
['Cartilage', 'Chitosan', 'Elasticity', 'Epichlorohydrin', 'Guided Tissue Regeneration', 'Hydrogels', 'Mechanical Phenomena', 'Polyvinyl Alcohol', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Viscosity']
| 24,007,370
|
[['A02.165', 'A10.165.382'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['G01.374.590'], ['D02.355.291.411.400'], ['E04.680.300'], ['D20.280.320.375', 'D26.255.165.320.375'], ['G01.374'], ['D02.033.750', 'D02.455.326.271.884.533.532', 'D05.750.716.721.616', 'D25.720.716.721.616', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.616'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Bioethics in the contemporary secular environment].
|
The aim of this study is to determine the preventive function of bioethics as an independent scientific discipline in terms of predicting the future of mankind, figuring the patterns of potential bioethical problems and other global challenges and dilemmas. Wide diversity of axiological issues, mental representations and principles of world vision, as well as various spiritual, ontological and existential concepts of solution of them, are described as the causes of different approaches to the problem of the future of mankind. In the article, along with theoretical questions, the negative spiritual and moral values, which influence the emergence of global problems of humankind (including the field of Biomedicine), are presented. The reasons of their formation and implementation are depicted, and the ways of their prevention are proposed.
|
['Bioethical Issues', 'Bioethics', 'Cloning, Organism', 'Embryo Research', 'Humans', 'Morals', 'Secularism', 'Suicide', 'Transplants']
| 23,293,235
|
[['K01.752.566.479.023', 'N05.350.100'], ['K01.752.566.479.045', 'N05.350.200'], ['E05.393.240', 'E05.820.180'], ['E05.313', 'H01.770.644.145.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.500', 'K01.752.566'], ['I01.880.853.350', 'K01.922'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['A01.941']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Noninvasive Quantification of Blood Flow in Epicardial Coronary Arteries, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafts, and Anastomoses.
|
OBJECTIVE: Direct flow measurement in native epicardial coronary arteries, bypass conduits, and anastomoses is severely limited by the invasiveness and inaccuracy of existing technologies. As a result, less than 25% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) worldwide have any intraoperative evaluation performed. A simple, accurate, and noninvasive technology to directly quantify blood flow and rheology surrounding anastomotic sites is a critical unmet need in CABG.METHODS: Existing technology limitations drove development of a different technology solution. With an optical physics approach, flow in conduits and tissue can be quantified in real time with nonionizing broad-spectrum imaging as well as temporal and spatial analyses. Cardiac motion, calibration, and combining anatomy + physiology in imaging were challenges requiring solutions.RESULTS: This patented imaging technology was developed and tested in an established porcine cardiac experimental model and in clinical proof-of-concept studies. Flow velocities and flows in epicardial coronary arteries vary physiologically with the cardiac cycle and with acute ischemia, as predicted by previous studies using traditional technologies. Imaging data are captured from a 30-cm viewing distance, analyzed and displayed in real time as a video. The field of view enables capture of flow in the proximal and distal epicardial coronary, the conduit, at the anastomosis and in the distal myocardium simultaneously.CONCLUSIONS: Rheologic flow interaction between conduit and native coronary at the anastomosis remains the most poorly understood technical aspect of CABG. A noninvasive, noncontact, no-risk imaging technology as simple as a snapshot can provide this critical physiologic information, validate and document intraoperative quality, and improve even further CABG outcomes.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Animals', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Hemorheology', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Swine']
| 28,129,321
|
[['E04.035'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E05.830.250', 'G09.188.370', 'G09.330.380.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Middle latency response to a 500-Hz tone pip in normal-hearing and in hearing-impaired subjects.
|
Measurement of middle latency responses (MLR) appears to be one of the most useful ways of determining low-frequency auditory threshold. It is known that analog filtering can drastically affect MLR and since most laboratories use different recording characteristics, we carried out these measurements with a number of filter configurations. Ten subjects with normal hearing sensitivity were tested. The stimuli were 500-Hz tone pips (alternating in polarity) with a 4-ms rise-fall time and a plateau of 2 ms, presented at the rate of 9.3/s. The MLR were recorded with filter settings of 10-100, 10-250, 10-1,500, 10-3,000, 30-100 and 30-250 Hz at 12 dB per octave roll-off with a time base of 100 ms. MLR threshold was found between 8.0 and 11.5 dB nHL. The Wilcoxon statistical test showed that mean MLR thresholds did not differ significantly at the various bandpass configurations. An additional objective of this study was to compare hearing sensitivity based on MLR threshold to tone pips at 500 Hz and behavioural results obtained by conventional pure-tone audiometry. Although the correlation coefficient between the behavioural and electrophysiological measurements was statistically significant (r = 0.85), further studies are required in order to determine the real magnitude of the predicted errors obtained, before this electrophysiological measure can be applied clinically.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Audiometry, Evoked Response', 'Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Auditory Threshold', 'Child', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reaction Time']
| 3,406,656
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.050'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['F02.463.593.071.173', 'F02.463.593.710.190', 'G07.888.125.173'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Homeostasis and Disorder of Musculoskeletal System.Molecular mechanism of bone metabolism and future therapeutic strategies.]
|
Recent studies of mouse genetics and human gene mutations has greatly contributed to clarifying the molecular mechanism of bone metabolism. Bone is constantly renewed by the balanced action of osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption both of which mainly occur at the bone surface. This restructuring process called "bone remodeling" is important not only for normal bone mass and strength, but also for mineral homeostasis. Bone remodeling is stringently regulated by communication among bone component cells such as osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and endothelial cells. An imbalance of this process is often linked to various bone diseases. Thus, the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms involved in bone remodeling is critical for a deeper understanding of the maintenance of healthy skeleton and bone disease.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Remodeling', 'Bone and Bones', 'Homeostasis', 'Humans', 'Musculoskeletal Diseases', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteocytes']
| 29,512,525
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.213', 'G16.762.150'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['G07.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05'], ['A11.329.629'], ['A11.329.629.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vitreous levels of the insulin-like growth factors I and II, and the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins 2 and 3, increase in neovascular eye disease. Studies in nondiabetic and diabetic subjects.
|
Retinal capillary nonperfusion results in neovascularization of the eye, which is restricted to the retina in less severe cases and progresses to the anterior chamber and the iris angle in the most advanced case, called rubeosis. This angioneogenesis may be induced by the release of retinal growth factors into the vitreous. This study compared levels of the IGF-I and IGF-II, and of the IGF binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) and IGFBP-3 in vitreous from three groups with different degrees of retinal ischemia, as judged by the extent of neovascularization: a control group without new vessel formation, retinal neovascularization in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and massive ischemia of various causes resulting in rubeosis. IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were increased 10- and 13-fold in rubeosis (P << 0.01) compared with no ischemia (n = 10), while IGF-II and IGFBP-2 were elevated 2.7- and 4.3-fold (P < 0.01). Within the rubeosis group similar changes were observed independently of the cause of ischemia, which was central vein occlusion, ischemic ophthalmopathy, or intraocular tumor in seven cases and diabetic retinopathy in three samples from two patients. Vitreous from patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy but without rubeosis (n = 16) contained 2.5- and 2.2-fold elevated levels of IGF-I and of IGFBP-2 (P < 0.05), while IGF-II and IGFBP-3 were increased 1.4- and 1.6-fold, which was not significant. We conclude that: (a) ischemia appears to be a strong stimulus for the local production of IGF-I and -II and of IGFBP-2 and -3 in the eye. (b) Changes in IGF-I and IGFBP-2 in proliferative diabetic retinopathy may be secondary to local ischemia rather than being specific for diabetic retinopathy. (c) IGF-I and IGFBP-3 may play a role in mediating angioneogenesis in the eye.
|
['Carrier Proteins', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Eye Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor II', 'Ischemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Vitrectomy', 'Vitreous Body']
| 7,504,689
|
[['D12.776.157'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['C11'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.420.260'], ['D12.776.157.420'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.420', 'D12.776.124.862.425', 'D12.776.467.937.420', 'D23.529.937.420'], ['C23.550.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['A07.015.611'], ['E04.540.960'], ['A09.371.714.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genesis of the ultradian rhythm of GH secretion: a new model unifying experimental observations in rats.
|
Growth hormone (GH) induces growth in animals and humans and also has important metabolic functions. The GH neuroendocrine axis consists of a signaling cascade from the hypothalamus to the pituitary, the liver, and peripheral tissues, including two major feedback mechanisms. GH is secreted from the pituitary into the circulating blood according to the effect on the somatotrophs of two hypothalamic peptides, GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and its antagonist, somatostatin (SRIF). The typical GH profile in the male rat shows secretory episodes every 3.3 h, which are subdivided into two peaks. Focusing on the mechanisms for generation of this ultradian GH rhythm, we simulated the time course of GH secretion under a variety of conditions. The model that we propose is based on feedback of GH on its own release mediated both by GH receptors on SRIF neurons in the brain and by a delayed SRIF release into both the brain and portal blood. SRIF, with a resultant periodicity of 3.3 h, affects both the somatotroph cells in the pituitary and the GHRH neurons in the hypothalamus. The secretion of GHRH is postulated to occur in an approximately 1-h rhythm modulated by the level of SRIF in the hypothalamus. The model predicts a possible mechanism for the feminization of the male GH rhythm by sex steroids and vice versa, and suggests experiments that might reveal the proposed intrinsic 1-h GHRH rhythm.
|
['Activity Cycles', 'Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Female', 'Growth Hormone', 'Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone', 'Human Growth Hormone', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Rats', 'Sex Characteristics']
| 9,843,748
|
[['G07.180.562.797.500'], ['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.860', 'D12.644.400.400.740.860', 'D12.644.548.365.740.860', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.860'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425.875', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425.875'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G08.686.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Allosteric site-mediated active site inhibition of PBP2a using Quercetin 3-O-rutinoside and its combination.
|
Recent crystallographic study revealed the involvement of allosteric site in active site inhibition of penicillin binding protein (PBP2a), where one molecule of Ceftaroline (Cef) binds to the allosteric site of PBP2a and paved way for the other molecule (Cef) to bind at the active site. Though Cef has the potency to inhibit the PBP2a, its adverse side effects are of major concern. Previous studies have reported the antibacterial property of Quercetin derivatives, a group of natural compounds. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of Quercetin 3-o-rutinoside (Rut) in allosteric site-mediated active site inhibition of PBP2a. The molecular docking studies between allosteric site and ligands (Rut, Que, and Cef) revealed a better binding efficiency (G-score) of Rut (-7.790318) and Cef (-6.194946) with respect to Que (-5.079284). Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation studies showed significant changes at the active site in the presence of ligands (Rut and Cef) at allosteric site. Four different combinations of Rut and Cef were docked and their G-scores ranged between -6.320 and -8.623. MD studies revealed the stability of the key residue (Ser403) with Rut being at both sites, compared to other complexes. Morphological analysis through electron microscopy confirmed that combination of Rut and Cefixime was able to disturb the bacterial cell membrane in a similar fashion to that of Rut and Cefixime alone. The results of this study indicate that the affinity of Rut at both sites were equally good, with further validations Rut could be considered as an alternative for inhibiting MRSA growth.
|
['Allosteric Regulation', 'Allosteric Site', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Binding Sites', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Glucosides', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Ligands', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Penicillin-Binding Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Quercetin']
| 26,360,629
|
[['G02.111.044'], ['G02.111.570.120.147'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['D09.408.348'], ['G02.282'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D08.811.710', 'D12.776.097.545'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.284.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.284.777']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The ratio of hormones of system "hypophysis - thyroid" with level of dopamine and cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate of males in European north].
|
The study sampling consisted of 96 males from Arkhangelsk and 52 males from village of Nes. The examination was carried out to find out predominant regulative effect of dopamine on the system "hypophysis - thyroid" depending on territory of residence. In males of Zapolyarye, against the background of higher levels of T4, fT3 and TSH and cyclic adenosine mono-phosphate in blood occurs decreasing of levels of thyroglobulin and dopamine in comparison with males of circumpolar territories in case of registration of positive correlation between levels of dopamine and fT3. In males from circumpolar territories age-related decreasing of range of variations of level of dopamine and fT4 under increase of concentration of TSH was registered. At that, negative correlation between content of dopamine and T4 was registered. The age-related dynamics of alteration of level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate with tendency to increase in males of Zapolyarye at the age of 36-60 years in comparison with age group of 22-35 years.
|
['Adult', 'Arctic Regions', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Dopamine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Russia', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Hormones']
| 25,080,790
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.208'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.931']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Diaphyseal bone disease: scintigraphic-radiographic correlation.
|
Though generally nonspecific, the patterns of diaphyseal uptake of bone seeking radionuclides, when correlated with the radiographic findings and clinical histories, often suggest specific diagnoses and may obviate the need for further imaging. Diaphyseal uptake is considered in terms of "hot spots," unilateral long segment lesions and bilateral processes that may be symmetric or asymmetric in distribution. Scintigrams and corresponding radiographs of 18 different lesions are illustrated.
|
['Bone Diseases', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Radiography', 'Radionuclide Imaging']
| 2,913,616
|
[['C05.116'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tissue ascorbic acid, fenfluramine, and changes in fat metabolism.
|
Following initial weight gain, reduction in appetite and pronounced weight loss occurred in scorbutic unsupplemented guinea-pigs. Hepatic ascorbic acid levels were significantly reduced and cholesterol concentration increased in the liver. Fenfluramine administration caused immediate loss of weight and appetite in the scorbutic guinea-pigs, these changes being more pronounced in the males. Hepatic ascorbic acid, cholesterol and triglycerides were reduced to lower levels in the fenfluramine-treated scorbutic animals than in the scorbutic guinea-pigs receiving diet alone. In contrast, weight and appetite increased in vitamin-C-supplemented animals while they were receiving fenfluramine. Their hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels became significantly reduced. It has been shown that supplementary vitamin C can inhibit the anti-obesity and anorectic actions of fenfluramine and counteract its effect in raising tissue cholesterol.
|
['Animals', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Ascorbic Acid Deficiency', 'Body Weight', 'Cholesterol', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Fenfluramine', 'Growth', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Sex Factors', 'Triglycerides']
| 528,124
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A phase II study of combination therapy with irinotecan and S-1 (IRIS) in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
|
PURPOSE: A combination of irinotecan with continuous infusional 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is the standard treatment for advanced colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of combining irinotecan and S-1 (IRIS) in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.METHODS: Irinotecan was administered as an intravenous infusion at a dose of 120 mg/m(2) on day 1 and 15. And S-1 was administered orally on days 1-14 of a 28-day cycle. S-1 was given orally at a dose that did not exceed 40 mg/m(2) based BSA: BSA < 1.25 m(2), 40 mg twice daily; 1.25-1.5 m(2), 50 mg twice daily, and BSA > 1.5 m(2), 60 mg twice daily, for 14 consecutive days.RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were enrolled. An intent-to-treat analysis showed a complete response and partial response to occur in 13.2% and 50.0%, respectively. The disease control rate was 84.2%. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 10.0 months and 29.1 months, respectively. The rates of grade 3/4 toxicity over 4 cycles were the following: neutropenia, 15.8%; leucopenia, 7.9%; anorexia, 15.8%; diarrhea, 10.5%.CONCLUSION: IRIS is an effective, well tolerated and convenient treatment regimen for patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Body Surface Area', 'Camptothecin', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Drug Combinations', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Irinotecan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxonic Acid', 'Survival', 'Tegafur', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,623,226
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.231', 'E05.041.124.231', 'G07.100.100.231'], ['D03.132.151'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['D26.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['D03.132.151.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.931.640'], ['I03.784'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Osteomyelitis in patients who have sickle-cell disease. Diagnosis and management.
|
Fifteen patients who had sickle-cell disease and osteomyelitis (affecting thirty bones) were treated with operative decompression and parenteral administration of antibiotics between 1973 and 1988. Organisms were isolated on culture of specimens of bone from all fifteen patients. Parenteral antibiotic therapy was continued for a minimum of six weeks after operative decompression. The osteomyelitis resolved in twenty-nine (97 per cent) of the thirty affected bones after follow-up ranging from two to fifteen years. With their compromised immune status and poor circulation of blood in bone, patients who have sickle-cell disease and osteomyelitis are prone to have complications. In our series, the complications included an adhesive pericapsulitis of the shoulder in two patients, avascular necrosis of the humeral head in one, and a pathological fracture of the femur in one. In four of the fifteen patients, chronic osteomyelitis persisted, but in three of the four, the infections of bone healed six to fourteen months after the initial operative decompression. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated on culture of specimens of bone from eight to the fifteen patients; Salmonella, from six; and Proteus mirabilis, from one. Although Salmonella has been cited as the principal causative organism of osteomyelitis in patients who have sickle-cell disease, in our experience Staphylococcus aureus was the most common infecting organism. Therefore, Salmonella may not be the most common cause of osteomyelitis associated with sickle-cell disease in all countries or in all areas of a particular country.
|
['Adult', 'Anemia, Sickle Cell', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Child', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Humerus', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Osteomyelitis', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Salmonella Infections', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Tibia']
| 1,918,111
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.150', 'C15.378.420.155', 'C16.320.070.150', 'C16.320.365.155'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E02.095.135'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.160.495', 'C05.116.165.495'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Screening instruments for psychiatric morbidity in chronic fatigue syndrome.
|
Physicians require a screening instrument to detect psychiatric disorders in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). Different threshold scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) and the mental health scale of the Medical Outcome Survey (MOS) were compared with two gold standards for the presence or absence of psychiatric disorder, standard diagnostic criteria (DSM-III-R) and a threshold score for the number of psychiatric symptoms at a standardized psychiatric interview (Revised Clinical Interview Schedule total cut-off score of 11/12). They were compared by use of validating coefficients and receiver operating characteristics in 136 consecutive CFS medical outpatients. The HAD scale at cut-off of 9/10 was a valid and efficient screening instrument for anxiety and depression by comparison with both gold standards. The MOS mental health scale at its recommended cut-off score of 67/68 yielded too many false-positives to be recommended as a psychiatric screening instrument in CFS patients.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Depression', 'Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 9,771,495
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['C01.925.330', 'C05.651.310', 'C10.228.440.600', 'C10.668.364'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Discordant prolongation of the refractory period and repolarization time by a class III agent, E4031, in the healing phase of myocardial infarction.
|
Susceptibility to reentrant tachyarrhythmias and the antiarrhythmic efficacy of class III agents are related more to the duration of the refractory period (ERP) than to the repolarization time (RT). We measured both ERP and RT in a canine model of healing myocardial infarction, and evaluated the effect of a class III agent (E4031) on these parameters and on the inducibility of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. ERP and RT on the unipolar electrogram were measured at several cycle lengths in the normal (NZ) and infarct zones (IZ), respectively, in 10 canine myocardial infarction models and extrastimulation was used to induce ventricular arrhythmias. Measurements were repeated after E4031 administration. At baseline, both ERP and RT were significantly longer in IZ than in NZ with ERP/RT ratio also higher in IZ. This ratio tended to increase at longer cycle lengths. E4031 increased ERP and RT both in NZ and IZ at all cycle lengths, but increased the ERP/RT ratio predominantly in IZ. E4031 prevented induction of sustained VT or VF, which was inducible in 3 out of 10 dogs at baseline, although it facilitated induction of VF in 1 dog with no baseline arrhythmia. By increasing the ERP/RT ratio, class III drugs may shorten the relative refractory period in IZ at the expense of a greater ERP difference created between NZ and IZ.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Dogs', 'Electrophysiology', 'Female', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Piperidines', 'Pyridines', 'Refractory Period, Electrophysiological']
| 9,926,000
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['A07.541.409'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D03.383.725'], ['G07.265.753.770', 'G07.265.760', 'G11.561.601.770', 'G11.561.785']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influences of cyclosporin A and non-immunosuppressive derivatives on cellular cyclophilins and viral nucleocapsid protein during human coronavirus 229E replication.
|
The well-known immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A inhibits replication of various viruses including coronaviruses by binding to cellular cyclophilins thus inactivating their cis-trans peptidyl-prolyl isomerase function. Viral nucleocapsid proteins are inevitable for genome encapsidation and replication. Here we demonstrate the interaction between the N protein of HCoV-229E and cyclophilin A, not cyclophilin B. Cyclophilin inhibitors abolish this interaction. Upon infection, cyclophilin A stays evenly distributed throughout the cell, whereas cyclophilin B concentrates at ER-bleb-like structures. We further show the inhibitory potential of non-immunosuppressive CsA derivatives Alisporivir, NIM811, compound 3 on HCoV-229E-GFP and -Luciferase replication in human Huh-7.5 hepatoma cells at 18 and 48 h time points post infection with EC50 s at low micromolar ranges. Thus, non-immunosuppressive CsA derivatives effectively inhibit HCoV-229E replication suggesting them as possible candidates for the treatment of HCoV infection. The interruption of interaction between CypA and N protein by CsA and its derivatives suggest a mechanism how CypA inhibitors suppress viral replication.
|
['Coronavirus 229E, Human', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Proteins', 'Cyclophilin A', 'Cyclophilins', 'Cyclosporine', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Nucleocapsid Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Virus Replication']
| 31,634,494
|
[['B04.820.578.500.540.150.075.750'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.700'], ['D08.811.399.325.500.400.300.500'], ['D08.811.399.325.500.400.300', 'D12.776.543.750.705.400.300', 'D12.776.827.275.300'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.964.970.600'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subretinal lesions following a scleral buckling procedure.
|
Pigment epithelial detachment is usually associated with disorders of the underlying Bruch's membrane and choroid in a context of age-related macular degeneration. In a very few cases, lesions resembling pigment epithelial detachment have been reported after retinal reattachment surgery. We observed an additional case who presented deep lesions several weeks after a scleral buckling procedure for retinal detachment. The lesions, all located posteriorly at the edge of the reattached retina, appeared to be subretinal, well circumscribed and yellowish with a normal overlying retina. All exhibited the typical biomicroscopic features of focal detachment of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) but failed to show, throughout the angiogram, the typical fluorescein pooling of the classic pigment epithelial detachment. This suggests that these lesions, though simulating RPE detachments, represent focal pockets of subretinal fluid.
|
['Female', 'Fluorescein Angiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Fundus Oculi', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pigment Epithelium of Eye', 'Retina', 'Retinal Detachment', 'Retinal Diseases', 'Scleral Buckling', 'Visual Acuity']
| 9,097,319
|
[['E01.370.370.050.350', 'E01.370.380.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A09.371.729.313'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A09.371.670', 'A10.272.640'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.768.648'], ['C11.768'], ['E04.540.890'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Extracorporeal life support for posttraumatic acute respiratory distress syndrome at a children's medical center.
|
BACKGROUND: Primary traumatic injury was considered previously a contraindication for institution of extracorporeal life support because of high risk for persistent or new bleeding. Published experience in adults suggests that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can successfully support trauma victims with pulmonary failure. The authors reviewed their experience with the use of ECMO in pediatric and adult trauma patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) at a children's medical center.METHODS: ECMO Center records from 1991 through 2001 (76 children, 8 adults) were reviewed to identify all patients with a primary or secondary ICD-9 diagnostic code of posttraumatic ARDS in addition to documented trauma.RESULTS: Five children and 3 adults with traumatic injury and ARDS received ECMO support. Seven patients were injured in motor vehicle collisions; one patient suffered a gunshot wound to the chest. Patient ages ranged from 21 months to 29 years (pediatric median, 4 years; range, 21 months to 18 years). Four patients had pre-ECMO laparotomies, including 3 who required splenectomy. Four patients had liver lacerations, 3 had pulmonary contusions, and 1 had a renal contusion. Median ventilation before ECMO was 6 days (range, 2 to 10). Seven of 8 patients were placed on venovenous (VV) ECMO. Seven patients had significant bleeding on ECMO. Patients were treated with blood product replacement, epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA), and aprotinin infusions. Surgical intervention was not required for bleeding. Six patients received hemofiltration. Median time on ECMO was 653 hours (range, 190 to 921 hours). Six of 8 patients overall survived (75%). Four of 5 pediatric patients survived.CONCLUSIONS: Children and adults with severe posttraumatic ARDS can be treated successfully on VV extracorporeal support. Hemorrhage occurs frequently but is manageable.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Hemorrhage', 'Hospitals, Pediatric', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Spleen', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 12,891,497
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['C23.550.414'], ['N02.278.421.556.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A03.620'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Examining cross-database global training to evaluate five different methods for ventricular beat classification.
|
The detection of ventricular beats in the holter recording is a task of great importance since it can direct clinicians toward the parts of the electrocardiogram record that might be crucial for determining the final diagnosis. Although there already exists a fair amount of research work dealing with ventricular beat detection in holter recordings, the vast majority uses a local training approach, which is highly disputable from the point of view of any practical-real-life-application. In this paper, we compare five well-known methods: a classical decision tree approach and its variant with fuzzy rules, a self-organizing map clustering method with template matching for classification, a back-propagation neural network and a support vector machine classifier, all examined using the same global cross-database approach for training and testing. For this task two databases were used-the MIT-BIH database and the AHA database. Both databases are required for testing any newly developed algorithms for holter beat classification that is going to be deployed in the EU market. According to cross-database global training, when the classifier is trained with the beats from the records of one database then the records from the other database are used for testing. The results of all the methods are compared and evaluated using the measures of sensitivity and specificity. The support vector machine classifier is the best classifier from the five we tested, achieving an average sensitivity of 87.20% and an average specificity of 91.57%, which outperforms nearly all the published algorithms when applied in the context of a similar global training approach.
|
['Algorithms', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Databases as Topic', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 19,525,571
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188', 'L01.470.750'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Isolation and characterization of a quinclorac-degrading Actinobacteria Streptomyces sp. strain AH-B and its implication on microecology in contaminated soil.
|
Quinclorac, a highly selective auxin herbicide, is widely used for controlling weeds in rice field. However, the residual quinclorac is toxic to many crops, vegetables, and aquatic animals, resulting in one of the major problems in crop rotation. Here, we investigated the degradation of quinclorac by strain AH-B, which was isolated from long-term quinclorac-contaminated soil using continuous circulating fluidized bed reactor and subjected to atmospheric and room temperature plasma mutation. Morphological examination, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis revealed that strain AH-B was Streptomyces sp. The quinclorac degradation efficiency of AH-B in liquid medium was 97.2% after 18 days when the initial quinclorac concentration was 20 mg L-1. The degradation products were 3-chloro-7-methoxy-8-quinoline-carboxylic, 3-chloro-7-methyl-8-quinoline-carboxylic, 3-chloro-7-oxyethyl-8-quinoline-carboxylic, and 3,7-dichloro-6-methyl-8-quinoline-carboxylic. The inoculum size, initial quinclorac concentration, pH, and temperature were found to affect quinclorac degradation efficiency of AH-B. High-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed that quinclorac degradation by AH-B produced many products. In soil with initial quinclorac content of 1 mg kg-1 dry soil, addition of AH-B resulted in 87.5% quinclorac degradation after 42 days, while that in the control (without AH-B) was 22.4%. Furthermore, microecological analysis using next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA geneshowed that some bacterial species, such as Bacterioides and Proteobacteria, could survive in quinclorac-contaminated soil, while some bacteria, such as Firmicutes, were very sensitive to quinclorac. Besides, some fungal species, such as Basidiomycota, could also survive quinclorac-contamination. After 42 days, the diversity of bacteria and fungi in soil treated with AH-B was higher than that in the control, implying that bioaugmentation with strain AH-B could reduce quinclorac toxicity to microorganisms in soil.
|
['Basidiomycota', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'China', 'Herbicides', 'Oryza', 'Phylogeny', 'Quinolines', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Streptomyces']
| 29,438,948
|
[['B01.300.179'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Dopamine markers and general cognitive ability.
|
Because general cognitive ability (g) is among the most heritable behavioural traits, it is a reasonable target for a search for quantitative trait loci (QTLs). We used a selected-extremes design to test candidate genes for allelic association with g. Polymorphisms in four genes in the dopamine system (DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DAT1) were genotyped for 51 high g children with IQ scores > 130 and for 51 average g control children. No significant allelic or genotypic differences were found between the high g and average g groups for these markers of the dopamine system, even though the selected-extremes design provides power to detect QTL associations that involve a relative risk of about 1.5.
|
['Adolescent', 'Alleles', 'Biomarkers', 'Child', 'Cognition', 'DNA', 'Dopamine', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Intelligence Tests', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Quantitative Trait, Heritable']
| 9,507,981
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D23.101'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.188'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.141.493'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.420.720']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Postnatal changes in the reticular lamina of the guinea pig organ of Corti.
|
The dimensions of the apical surfaces of hair cells were measured in guinea pigs, aged from 3 weeks before term to 25 weeks after birth. In the basal two-thirds of the cochlea, the apical surfaces of the outer hair cells and their supporting cells changed with age, shrinking in a direction radial across the cochlear duct. There was an associated widening of the angle of the 'V' of the rows of stereocilia. Further apically, between 12 and 16 mm from the base of the cochlea, the outer hair cells and their supporting cells underwent the opposite change, becoming wider in a radial direction with age. The changes were seen before birth and continued for more than 3 weeks after birth. The results suggest that the guinea pig cochlea continues certain developmental processes for a considerable time after birth.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer', 'Labyrinth Supporting Cells', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Organ of Corti', 'Tissue Fixation']
| 8,922,978
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['A08.675.650.250.315', 'A08.675.650.915.750.600.350.365', 'A08.800.950.750.600.350.365', 'A09.246.300.246.577.325.380', 'A11.671.650.250.315', 'A11.671.650.915.750.600.350.365'], ['A09.246.300.246.577.543', 'A11.436.495'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A09.246.300.246.577'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.720', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.720', 'E05.200.500.620.760.720', 'E05.200.750.600.760.720']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Anesthesia in coronary disease].
|
Patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery and who have coronary artery disease run a high risk of myocardial infarct. Diagnosis and postoperative management is presently based on assessment of cardiac troponin I. Associated with optimal postoperatory management, several approaches can limit the occurrence of postoperatory coronary complications and improve the life expectancy of surgical patients with high cardiovascular risk. They include the possibility of preoperatory myocardial revascularisation and the prophylactic, postoperatory administration of cardiovascular medications (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, beta-blockers and alpha 2 receptor agonists).
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Anesthesia, General', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Coronary Disease', 'Humans', 'Life Expectancy', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Revascularization', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative']
| 11,387,688
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['E03.155.197'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.450', 'N01.224.935.464', 'N06.850.505.400.975.450', 'N06.850.520.308.985.450'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E04.100.376.719', 'E04.928.220.520'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Overexpression of FZD1 and CAIX are Associated with Invasion, Metastasis, and Poor-Prognosis of the Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.
|
Approximately 80% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have metastatic disease with poor prognosis, but clinically available biomarkers have not yet been identified. This study was to investigate the clinical significance of FZD1 and CAIX in PDACs. FZD1 and CAIX protein expression was measured using EnVision immunohistochemistry. Positive FZD1 or CAIX expression was significantly higher in PDAC than that in precursor lesions (p < 0.01). Positive FZD1 or CAIX expression was significantly lower in cases with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma, no-metastasis of the lymph node, no-invasion of regional tissues, and TNM I/II stage disease than in cases with poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma, metastasis and invasion, and TNM stage III+ IV stage disease (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). The expression of FZD1 positively correlated with CAIX in PDAC (P = 0.000). Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that FZD1 and/or CAIX expression (p < 0.001) was significantly associated with shorter overall survival (p < 0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that differentiation, tumor mass, lymph node metastasis, invasion, TNM stage, FZD1 and CAIX levels negatively correlated with overall survival. Positive FZD1 and CAIX expressions are poor prognostic factors in PDAC patients. FZD1 and CAIX might be important biological markers for the carcinogenesis, metastasis, invasion, and prognosis of PDAC.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carbonic Anhydrase IX', 'Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Frizzled Receptors', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Prognosis']
| 28,921,449
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.150.450', 'D12.776.543.178', 'D23.050.285.196'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.750', 'C04.557.470.615.132.750', 'C04.588.274.761.750', 'C04.588.322.475.750', 'C06.301.761.750', 'C06.689.667.625', 'C19.344.421.750'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.017', 'D12.776.543.750.850.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Is breast cancer screening effective? (author's transl)].
|
Two groups of patients consisting of women with and without breast symptoms are compared. They were mammographed in the same institute under identical technical conditions. Carcinomas found by screening were considerably less advanced. The findings confirm the experience of numerous authors that screening improves the prognosis; applied tandem method--physical examination and mammography--is far from ideal, but represents at present the best method to reduce breast cancer mortality. The final conclusion is to intensify the screening programs.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Mammography', 'Mass Screening', 'Prognosis']
| 120,634
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Human Performance in a Realistic Instrument-Control Task during Short-Term Microgravity.
|
Previous studies have documented the detrimental effects of microgravity on human sensorimotor skills. While that work dealt with simple, laboratory-type skills, we now evaluate the effects of microgravity on a complex, realistic instrument-control skill. Twelve participants controlled a simulated power plant during the short-term microgravity intervals of parabolic flight as well as during level flight. To this end they watched multiple displays, made strategic decisions and used multiple actuators to maximize their virtual earnings from the power plant. We quantified control efficiency as the participants' net earnings (revenue minus expenses), motor performance as hand kinematics and dynamics, and stress as cortisol level, self-assessed mood and self-assessed workload. We found that compared to normal gravity, control efficiency substantially decreased in microgravity, hand velocity slowed down, and cortisol level and perceived physical strain increased, but other stress and motor scores didn't change. Furthermore, control efficiency was not correlated with motor and stress scores. From this we conclude that realistic instrument control was degraded in short-term microgravity. This degradation can't be explained by the motor and/or stress indicators under study, and microgravity affected motor performance differently in our complex, realistic skill than in the simple, laboratory-type skills of earlier studies.
|
['Adult', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Weightlessness', 'Workload']
| 26,083,473
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['G01.060.350.369.400.900'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regional climate shifts caused by gradual global cooling in the Pliocene epoch.
|
The Earth's climate has undergone a global transition over the past four million years, from warm conditions with global surface temperatures about 3 degrees C warmer than today, smaller ice sheets and higher sea levels to the current cooler conditions. Tectonic changes and their influence on ocean heat transport have been suggested as forcing factors for that transition, including the onset of significant Northern Hemisphere glaciation approximately 2.75 million years ago, but the ultimate causes for the climatic changes are still under debate. Here we compare climate records from high latitudes, subtropical regions and the tropics, indicating that the onset of large glacial/interglacial cycles did not coincide with a specific climate reorganization event at lower latitudes. The regional differences in the timing of cooling imply that global cooling was a gradual process, rather than the response to a single threshold or episodic event as previously suggested. We also find that high-latitude climate sensitivity to variations in solar heating increased gradually, culminating after cool tropical and subtropical upwelling conditions were established two million years ago. Our results suggest that mean low-latitude climate conditions can significantly influence global climate feedbacks.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Carbonate', 'Climate', 'Cold Temperature', 'Geologic Sediments', 'Hot Temperature', 'Ice', 'Oxygen Isotopes', 'Pacific Ocean', 'Seawater', 'Time Factors', 'Tropical Climate']
| 15,152,244
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.146.275', 'D01.200.275.150.150', 'D01.578.200'], ['G16.500.275.071', 'N06.230.300.100.250'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G01.311.330', 'G16.500.320'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D01.045.250.875.400', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.400', 'D01.650.550.925.400', 'G16.500.275.410', 'G16.500.750.775.342', 'N06.230.291'], ['D01.268.185.550.500', 'D01.362.670.300', 'D01.496.625'], ['Z01.756.700'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G16.500.275.071.600', 'N06.230.300.100.250.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A metastasis modifier locus on human chromosome 8p in uveal melanoma identified by integrative genomic analysis.
|
PURPOSE: To identify genes that modify metastatic risk in uveal melanoma, a type of cancer that is valuable for studying metastasis because of its remarkably consistent metastatic pattern and well-characterized gene expression signature associated with metastasis.EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We analyzed 53 primary uveal melanomas by gene expression profiling, array-based comparative genomic hybridization, array-based global DNA methylation profiling, and single nucleotide polymorphism-based detection of loss of heterozygosity to identify modifiers of metastatic risk. A candidate gene, leucine zipper tumor suppressor-1 (LZTS1), was examined for its effect on proliferation, migration, and motility in cultured uveal melanoma cells.RESULTS: In metastasizing primary uveal melanomas, deletion of chromosome 8p12-22 and DNA hypermethylation of the corresponding region of the retained hemizygous 8p allele were associated with more rapid metastasis. Among the 11 genes located within the deleted region, LZTS1 was most strongly linked to rapid metastasis. LZTS1 was silenced in rapidly metastasizing and metastatic uveal melanomas but not in slowly metastasizing and nonmetastasizing uveal melanomas. Forced expression of LZTS1 in metastasizing uveal melanoma cells inhibited their motility and invasion, whereas depletion of LZTS1 increased their motility.CONCLUSIONS: We have described a metastatic modifier locus on chromosome 8p and identified LZTS1 as a potential metastasis suppressor within this region. This study shows the utility of integrative genomic methods for identifying modifiers of metastatic risk in human cancers and may suggest new therapeutic targets in metastasizing tumor cells.
|
['Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Movement', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Cohort Studies', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Genomics', 'Humans', 'Melanoma', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins', 'Uveal Neoplasms']
| 18,559,591
|
[['G04.022'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.340', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.340'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.776.624.776'], ['C04.588.364.978', 'C11.319.494', 'C11.941.855']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A comparative assessment of changes in dental arches associated with different activation protocols of rapid maxillary expansion.
|
AIM: The aim of this study is to compare dental arch changes associated with different activation protocols of maxillary expander.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 101 subjects with constricted maxillary arches (49 males and 52 females; mean age 10.96 ± 1.91 years) was enrolled in the study. All subjects underwent RME with a stainless steel banded expander cemented to the maxillary first molars and the expansion screw was randomly activated with two different rapid maxillary expansion protocols (one- quarter per day or two quarters per day). The study also involved a control group of 22 subjects (10 females and 12 males, mean age 10.39 ± 1.32 years) who underwent no treatment. A statistical comparison between the dental arch measures obtained before and after treatment in the two groups was performed.RESULTS: The Wilcoxon rank-sum test shows statistically significant differences of the measurement increases between the two activation protocols (at least p=0.01). Statistically significant differences were also reported in comparison with the control group.CONCLUSIONS: A faster activation protocol could be able to determine a greater anterior opening of the mid-palatal suture. Moreover, it seems to yield a higher width increase in the molar area.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Dental Arch', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jaw Relation Record', 'Male', 'Palatal Expansion Technique']
| 29,569,451
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.320', 'A14.521.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E06.520'], ['E06.658.578.458']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Negative first-term outcomes associated with lower extremity injury during recruit training among female Marine Corps graduates.
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This study assessed the impact of lower extremity injuries and stress fractures during recruit training on first-term outcomes among female Marine Corps graduates. Injury data were collected from women recruits at Parris Island, South Carolina (1995-1999) and negative first-term outcomes were obtained from the Career History Archival Medical and Personnel System. The three negative outcomes included (1) failure to complete first-term of service, (2) failure to achieve rank of corporal, and (3) failure to reenlist. Overall, 22% did not complete their first-term enlistment and 12% of those who did were not promoted to corporal. After adjustment for demographic characteristics, not completing first term and not being promoted to corporal were both associated with injuries or stress fracture during training. Reenlistment was not associated with training injuries. Our findings indicate lower extremity injuries among women undergoing Marine Corps recruit training are associated with poor first-term outcomes even among those who graduate.
|
['Adult', 'Career Mobility', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leg Injuries', 'Military Medicine', 'Military Personnel', 'Personnel Turnover', 'Physical Education and Training', 'Prospective Studies', 'United States']
| 17,274,273
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N01.824.245.175', 'N01.824.547.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558'], ['H02.403.500'], ['M01.526.625'], ['N04.452.677.680'], ['I02.233.543'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Activated production of metalloproteinases in Ki-ras-transformed human osteosarcoma cells.
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The human osteosarcoma cell culture HOS does not produce matrix metalloproteinases (MPs). However, after transformation with the Ki-ras oncogene, the resulting culture (KHOS) produced readily detectable MPs. The molecular weight of the major MP was 66 kDa, while the molecular weights of two other minor bands were 71 kDa and 60 kDa. The activity of all three enzymes was inactivated by treatment with ethylene diaminetetra acetic acid, indicating that they are probably MPs. The substrate preference of the 66-kDa MP (in decreasing order) was gelatin and collagens V, I, III, and IV. Treatment of the MPs with p-aminophenylmercuric acetate led to the appearance of 62-kDa activated enzyme. The MP produced by KHOS cells did not react with the monoclonal anti-rat stromelysin antibody MC. Treatment of KHOS cells with retinoic acid and dexamethasone, which are known to suppress c-fos/c-jun and AP-1, suppressed the production of the MPs. Therefore, the activation of MPs by Ki-ras in KHOS cells may involve c-fos/c-jun and the AP-1-responsive pathway.
|
['Genes, ras', 'Humans', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Phenylmercuric Acetate', 'Tretinoin', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,152,301
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['D02.691.750.740.760'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Proteins associated with the termination of ocular dominance column plasticity in Long Evans rats.
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PURPOSE: To investigate the mechanism of the termination of ocular dominance column plasticity by electrophysiologic analysis and 2-dimensional electrophoresis-mass spectrography (2-DE/MS).METHODS: The changes in ocular dominance columns following monocular deprivation were electrophysiologically detected in 22-day-old, 100-day-old and chondroitinase-perfused 100-day-old rats. Total protein of grey matter of the primary visual cortex was extracted and studied by 2-DE/MS from the three groups of rats.RESULTS: Monocular deprivation may lead to shifts in ocular dominance columns in 22-day-old and chondroitinase-perfused 100-day-old rats, but not in 100-day-old rats. Four protein spots present in grey matter of the primary visual cortex in 100-day-old, but not in that of 22-day-old and chondroitinase-perfused rats, and mass spectrography identified two of these proteins.CONCLUSIONS: The electrophysiologic results show that ocular dominance column plasticity presents in 22-day-old rats, ends up in 100-day-old rats and restored in chondroitinase-perfused 100-day-old rats. 2-DE/MS results show that phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein delta may be associated with the termination of ocular dominance column plasticity in the rat, but need more evidence to confirm it.
|
['Animals', 'Dominance, Ocular', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Phosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein', 'Rats', 'Rats, Long-Evans', 'Visual Cortex']
| 18,041,181
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.561.225.425.500', 'G14.264'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['G11.561.638'], ['D12.644.360.562', 'D12.776.157.661', 'D12.776.476.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Photoacoustic diagnosis of burns in rats.
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BACKGROUND: Accurate burn depth assessment is important for determining the appropriate treatment plan for severe burn patients. However, conventional methods of diagnoses, such as visual observation and pinprick test, are often inaccurate. We previously proposed a new method for burn diagnosis in which photoacoustic signals originating from the blood in healthy tissue under the injured tissue are measured. In this study, we investigated the validity of this method by an experiment using rat scald burn models.METHODS: Superficial dermal burns (SDBs), deep dermal burns (DDBs), and deep burns (DBs) were made in the dorsal skin of rats by using a Walker-Mason template. Wounds were irradiated with low-energy, 550-nm, nanosecond pulsed light, and photoacoustic signals induced were measured with a piezoelectric film as a function of postburn time. Measurement in normal skin as a control was also performed. Temporal profiles of the photoacoustic signals were converted into depth profiles using sound velocity of tissue, and for each profile, a peak showing highest signal intensity was selected. For this peak, the depth at which the signal rose (signal rise depth) and the depth that gave a peak value (signal peak depth) were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to clarify the difference in depth information of signals between burn groups.RESULTS: Depth profiles of photoacoustic signals showed unique features depending on the degree of burn; pronounced peaks shifted to deeper tissue as the burn severity increased. This indicates that the zone of stasis formed due to injuries can be monitored. There were significant differences in both the signal rise depth and the peak depth between the control and SDB groups, SDB and DDB groups, and DDB and DB groups (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: SDBs, DDBs, and DBs can be differentiated by photoacoustic signals, suggesting that the method proposed is useful for diagnosing burn injuries.
|
['Acoustics', 'Animals', 'Burns', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Luminescence', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Transducers']
| 16,394,921
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['B01.050'], ['C26.200'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['E05.723.729'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['L01.224.800'], ['E07.305.812']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electroacupuncture Exerts Neuroprotection through Caveolin-1 Mediated Molecular Pathway in Intracerebral Hemorrhage of Rats.
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Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most devastating types of stroke. Here, we aim to demonstrate that electroacupuncture on Baihui (GV20) exerts neuroprotection for acute ICH possibly via the caveolin-1/matrix metalloproteinase/blood-brain barrier permeability pathway. The model of ICH was established by using collagenase VII. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: Sham-operation group, Sham electroacupuncture group, and electroacupuncture group. Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups according to the time points of 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after ICH. The methods were used including examination of neurological deficit scores according to Longa's scale, measurement of blood-brain barrier permeability through Evans Blue content, in situ immunofluorescent detection of caveolin-1 in brains, western blot analysis of caveolin-1 in brains, and in situ zymography for measuring matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 activity in brains. Compared with Sham electroacupuncture group, electroacupuncture group has resulted in a significant improvement in neurological deficit scores and in a reduction in Evans Blue content, expression of caveolin-1, and activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 at 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, and 7 d after ICH (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the present results suggested that electroacupuncture on GV20 can improve neurological deficit scores and reduce blood-brain barrier permeability after ICH, and the mechanism possibly targets caveolin-1/matrix metalloproteinase/blood-brain barrier permeability pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Caveolin 1', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Electroacupuncture', 'Male', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Signal Transduction']
| 27,725,888
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['D12.644.360.024.264', 'D12.776.157.057.010', 'D12.776.476.024.280', 'D12.776.543.990.100.500', 'D12.776.744.287'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['E02.186.250', 'E02.190.044.244', 'E02.331.399', 'E02.779.468.399', 'E02.831.535.468.399', 'E03.091.823.500', 'E03.155.519'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Body image and sexuality in women with pelvic organ prolapse.
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INTRODUCTION: The effect of physical changes associated with pelvic organ prolapse on a woman's body image and how that may influence sexuality has not been well studied.OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the implementation and utility of a body image questionnaire in women with pelvic organ prolapse. Two research questions were asked: (1) What is the impact of pelvic organ prolapse on women's body image and how does this affect their sexual health?, and (2) Does the Vaginal Changes Sexual and Body Esteem (VSBE) Scale show utility for use in assessing body image and sexual health in women with pelvic organ prolapse?METHOD: A qualitative design was used for this study. Telephone interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire and an adapted body image and sexuality questionnaire specific to genital body image.RESULTS: Thirteen women with pelvic organ prolapse completed the study. Eight women were classified as sexually active, and 5 women were not sexually active. Data showed women with pelvic organ prolapse, classified as sexually active, scored significantly lower on the VSBE scale than women who were not sexually active. There was a positive correlation between severity of prolapse and VSBE scores.CONCLUSION: The VSBE scale questionnaire showed utility and potential for demonstrating change in body image in women with pelvic organ prolapse. This tool may assist clinicians in a more thorough assessment of body image and sexuality in this population of women.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Attitude to Health', 'Body Image', 'Cystocele', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Michigan', 'Middle Aged', 'Nursing Assessment', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Qualitative Research', 'Rectocele', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sexual Partners', 'Sexuality', 'Shame', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Uterine Prolapse', 'Women']
| 19,718,939
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['C12.777.829.707', 'C13.351.968.829.508', 'C23.300.842.624.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.500', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.508.480'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['C06.405.469.860.810', 'C23.300.707.984'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.778'], ['F01.145.802.975', 'G08.686.867'], ['F01.470.483.666'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['C13.351.500.852.833', 'C23.300.842.624.750'], ['M01.975']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Reconstructing an island radiation using ancient and recent DNA: the extinct and living day geckos (Phelsuma) of the Mascarene islands.
|
Mitochondrial (12SrRNA and cyt b, 1086 bp) and nuclear (c-mos, 374 bp) DNA sequences were used to investigate relationships and biogeography of 24 living and extinct taxa of Phelsuma geckos. Monophyly of Phelsuma and sister relationship to the SW African Rhoptropella is corroborated. Phelsuma originated on Madagascar and made multiple long-distance invasions of oceanic islands including the Mascarenes, Aldabra, Comores, Seychelles, Andamans, and perhaps Pemba. The Mascarenes were probably colonised once, about 4.2-5.1Ma, and here Phelsuma rosagularis and Phelsuma inexpectata are newly recognised as species, as are three lineages of Phelsuma cepediana. Mascarene relationships are: Phelsuma edwardnewtoni, Phelsuma gigas (Phelsuma guentheri ((((P. cepediana A (P. cepediana B, C)) P. rosagularis) Phelsuma borbonica) ((Phelsuma ornata, P. inexpectata) Phelsuma guimbeaui))). The two recently extinct species, P. edwardnewtoni and the giant secondarily nocturnal Phelsuma gigas, differentiated on Rodrigues while on Mauritius the large nocturnal P. guentheri separated from a small diurnal form that radiated into six species, a likely result of volcanic activity. Two small-bodied lineages from Mauritius invaded the more recent island of R?union producing two more species. Outside the Mascarenes, two mainly Madagascan assemblages are substantiated: Phelsuma serraticauda (Phelsuma lineata, Phelsuma laticauda, Phelsuma quadriocellata); (Phelsuma m. kochi (Phelsuma m. grandis, Phelsuma abboti)) (Phelsuma astriata, Phelsuma sundbergi). Their relationships to the Mascarene clade, and to Phelsuma mutabilis, Phelsuma standingi and Phelsuma andamanensis are unresolved.
|
['Animals', 'Cytochromes b', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Fossils', 'Genes, mos', 'Indian Ocean Islands', 'Lizards', 'Mauritius', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal']
| 15,019,612
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.244.187.249', 'D12.776.422.220.187.249'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.400'], ['Z01.639.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.393'], ['Z01.639.520.520'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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Shoot or don't shoot? Why police officers are more inclined to shoot when they are anxious.
|
We investigated the effect of anxiety on police officers' shooting decisions. Thirty-six police officers participated and executed a low- and high-anxiety video-based test that required them to shoot or not shoot at rapidly appearing suspects that either had a gun and "shot," or had no gun and "surrendered." Anxiety was manipulated by turning on (high anxiety) or turning off (low anxiety) a so-called "shootback canon" that could fire small plastic bullets at the participants. When performing under anxiety, police officers showed a response bias toward shooting, implying that they accidentally shot more often at suspects that surrendered. Furthermore, shot accuracy was lower under anxiety and officers responded faster when suspects had a gun. Finally, because gaze behavior appeared to be unaffected by anxiety, it is concluded that when they were anxious, officers were more inclined to respond on the basis of threat-related inferences and expectations rather than objective, task-relevant visual information.
|
['Adult', 'Anxiety', 'Decision Making', 'Eye Movements', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Firearms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Police', 'Video Recording', 'Visual Perception']
| 22,023,363
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.132'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['F01.470.361'], ['J01.637.870.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.373.750', 'M01.526.760'], ['L01.280.960'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Dual atrioventricular nodal non-reentrant tachycardia in a child undergoing repair of ventricular septal defect.
|
Paroxysmal non-reentrant supraventricular tachycardia due to double ventricular response through antegrade dual atrioventricular nodal pathways by a single atrial excitation has been reported in limited adult cases but not in pediatric patients with structurally normal hearts or with congenital heart defects. We report the case of a 5-year-old boy with non-reentrant double-ventricular response (DVR) supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) after repair of ventricular septal defect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first pediatric report about an electrophysiologic study and successful selective radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation for the slow pathway leading to tachyarrhythmia that is difficult to manage medically. In conclusion, non-reentrant DVR SVT is a rare form of tachycardia that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of SVT in children after repair of congenital heart diseases. It is amenable to mapping and RF catheter ablation.
|
['Body Surface Potential Mapping', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Catheter Ablation', 'Child, Preschool', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Electrocardiography', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry', 'Tachycardia, Supraventricular', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,555,890
|
[['E01.370.370.380.240.850.100', 'E01.370.405.240.850.100'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E02.808.750.500', 'E04.014.760.500'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.240.400.560.540', 'C14.280.400.560.540', 'C16.131.240.400.560.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C14.280.067.845.787.249', 'C14.280.123.875.787.249', 'C23.550.073.845.787.500'], ['C14.280.067.845.880', 'C14.280.123.875.880', 'C23.550.073.845.880'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Endovascular trophoblast invasion, spiral artery remodelling and uteroplacental haemodynamics in a transgenic rat model of pre-eclampsia.
|
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the depth of endovascular trophoblast invasion and associated remodelling of spiral arteries in a transgenic model of pre-eclampsia in the rat, a species showing a comparable deep invasion during normal pregnancy as the human. Pre-eclamptic (PE) transgenic rats (TGR) (hAngiotensinogen female x hRenin male) and non-PE reversely mated (RM) TGR rats were compared to normal Sprague-Dawley rats (C). Day 18 implantation sites were collected and the presence of endovascular trophoblast, fibrinoid, endothelial and smooth muscle cells were evaluated in spiral arteries in three parallel layers in the mesometrial triangle using an image analysis system (KS-400). In a separate group of animals peak-systolic and end-diastolic velocities were measured by Doppler in uterine and arcuate arteries, and the resistance indices (RI) were calculated. In PE and RM rats, the entire mesometrial triangle contained significantly more endovascular trophoblast and vascular fibrinoid deposits than the C group. No difference was found between the groups in the overall amount of smooth muscle surrounding the lumen, but in the PE and RM groups significantly more muscle was present in parts of the contours covered by trophoblast. There was significantly less CD31-positive endothelium in the total lumen contours of the PE and RM groups than in the C group, but in parts of the contours covered by trophoblast more residual endothelium was present in both TGR groups. Comparison of the three layers indicated deeper invasion in both the PE and RM groups than in the C group. By Doppler analysis of the proximal uterine artery the RI was found to be significantly lower in the PE and the RM group than in the C group. In the arcuate artery, the RI was significantly lower in the PE group as compared to the RM and C groups. We conclude that in this transgenic PE rat model there is deeper endovascular invasion of spiral arteries and decreased RI of uterine arteries at day 18 of pregnancy.
|
['Angiotensinogen', 'Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Arteries', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Male', 'Placental Circulation', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Renin', 'Trophoblasts', 'Uterus']
| 18,502,502
|
[['D12.644.456.073.070', 'D12.644.861.020', 'D12.776.811.070', 'D12.776.872.020'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['A07.015.114'], ['G04.022'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['G09.330.380'], ['G09.330.100.749'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['A11.382.992', 'A16.254.500.766', 'A16.710.802'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo effects of diadenosine polyphosphates on rat renal microcirculation.
|
BACKGROUND: Diadenosine polyphosphates (APXA) are vasoactive nucleotides that elicit effects via purinoceptors. Recent data suggest differential effects of APXA on kidney vasculature.METHODS: The in vivo effects of AP3A, AP5A, and adenosine on renal microvessels and the role of purinoceptors were investigated by the application of agonists to the hydronephrotic rat kidney and preincubation with respective antagonists.RESULTS: The addition of the agonists (10-7 mol/L up to 10-4 mol/L) resulted in a concentration-dependent transient vasoconstriction [interlobular artery (ILOB): adenosine 30 +/- 7%, N = 7, AP3A 35 +/- 10%, N = 5; AP5A 66 +/- 19%, N = 5; 10-5 mol/L each] lasting up to one minute, followed by a concentration-dependent vasodilation (ILOB: adenosine 10 +/- 3%, N = 6; AP3A 19 +/- 4%, N = 5; AP5A 12 +/- 5%, N = 6; 10-5 mol/L each). In ILOB and in the afferent arteriole (AFF), the constrictory effects of AP5A were more pronounced than those of AP3A and adenosine. In the efferent arteriole (EFF), vascular tone was only slightly affected by all agonists. The dilatory potency was comparable for all agonists in ILOB and EFF. No significant vasodilation occurred in AFF. The application of the selective A1 receptor antagonist DPCPX (10-5 mol/L) completely abolished the adenosine-induced vasoconstriction, whereas the A2 receptor antagonist DMPX and the P2 purinoceptor antagonists PPADS and A3P5P (all 10-5 mol/L) did not affect adenosine-induced constriction. The AP3A-induced constriction was abolished by DPCPX and was partially inhibited by PPADS. The constriction induced by AP5A was less sensitive to DPCPX but more sensitive to PPADS. In ILOB and EFF, DMPX or A3P5P abolished dilation after the addition of the agonists. The dilation after AP5A was not significantly reduced. In AFF, no significant dilation was observed with these agonists alone, but it was clearly visible in the presence of DPCPX or PPADS.CONCLUSIONS: APXA evoke transient constrictions in vessels of the hydronephrotic rat kidney, which are mediated by A1 and P2 purinoceptors. The length of the phosphate chain determines the degree of vasoconstriction and the extent to which the substances exert effects on the P2 purinoceptor subtypes. ILOB and AFF are more potently affected by APXA than EFF. Afferent vasodilation is partially overridden by sustained vasoconstriction.
|
['Adenosine', 'Animals', 'Arterioles', 'Blood Vessels', 'Dinucleoside Phosphates', 'Female', 'Hydronephrosis', 'Microcirculation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Purinergic P1', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2', 'Renal Artery', 'Renal Circulation', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Vasomotor System']
| 10,844,616
|
[['D03.633.100.759.590.138', 'D13.570.583.138', 'D13.570.800.096'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.060', 'A07.015.461.080'], ['A07.015'], ['D13.695.250'], ['C12.777.419.307', 'C13.351.968.419.307'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.700', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.720', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['A08.800.050.800.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adjuvant effect of low-dose interleukin-2 on antibody response to influenza virus vaccination in healthy elderly subjects.
|
It is well known that immune efficiency is frequently deteriorated in elderly people. The age-diminished antibody response to T-cell dependent antigens, such as influenza virus antigens, may explain the low protection offered by influenza vaccination in the elderly population. To investigate the possibility of increasing the antibody response to influenza virus vaccinations, we have conducted a nursing home-based study on the efficacy of IL-2. Seventy-five institutionalized elderly subjects (82 +/- 8 years) were enrolled in the study in the course of winter season 1991-1992. Thirty-nine subjects were treated with three subcutaneous daily injections of interleukin-2 (IL-2, 1 x 10(6) I.U./day) before vaccination and their antibody response was compared to that of 36 aged people receiving the vaccine only. An increased antibody response against influenza virus was present in vaccine plus IL-2 treated subjects (P < 0.001) but not in subjects treated with vaccine only. The number of protected subjects 45 days after vaccination was increased only in the IL-2-treated group (P = 0.045). The low-dose of IL-2 administered and the short-term treatment allowed a good tolerance to the IL-2 injection. In conclusion, the low-dose IL-2 treatment represents an effective means of inducing antibody response to influenza virus antigens in elderly subjects without appreciable toxicity.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibody Formation', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Interleukin-2', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orthomyxoviridae', 'Reference Values']
| 7,745,993
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B04.820.480.968'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Morphologic changes of peritoneum and expression of VEGF in encapsulated peritoneal sclerosis rat models.
|
BACKGROUND: Simple sclerosis consisted of a thin layer of submesothelial sclerotic tissue in peritoneal dialysis patients. Encapsulated peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) was characterized by thick sclerotic tissue involving vascular alterations in peritoneal dialysis patients. The objective of the present study is to evaluate serial morphologic changes and expressions of angiogenic factors [i.e., vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopietin-1 (Ang-1), and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2)] in EPS rat models.METHODS: Twenty-four rats were given a daily intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate and ethanol dissolved in saline (CH). Nine rats were injected with CH and anti-VEGF neutralizing antibody simultaneously. Quantitative blood vessel evaluation was performed by staining for GS1-lectin. The mRNA expression of VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2, and their receptors was evaluated by semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemical staining was performed in peritoneal vessels using anti-VEGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2 antibodies. Hematopoietic stem cells were detected using anti-CD34 antibody.RESULTS: The vessel area, diameter, and length gradually increased until day 21, and then decreased. VEGF and Ang-2 mRNA expressions gradually increased until day 35. In contrast, Ang-1 peaked at day 21 and then decreased significantly. VEGF blockade improved the experimental EPS. In immunohistochemistry, the vessels stained by VEGF and Ang-2 were detected in subfibrous layer. CD34-positive cells were markedly stained at day 21.CONCLUSION: Neoangiogenesis was observed in a rat model of experimental EPS. VEGF and angiopoietin/Tie system play an important role in the neoangiogenesis in this model. An analysis using this experimental rat model may elucidate the development of EPS in peritoneal dialysis patients.
|
['Angiopoietin-1', 'Angiopoietin-2', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Chlorhexidine', 'DNA', 'Gene Expression', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Peritoneal Dialysis', 'Peritoneum', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor', 'Sclerosis', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 15,086,936
|
[['D12.644.276.100.100.100', 'D12.776.467.100.100.100', 'D23.529.100.100.100'], ['D12.644.276.100.100.200', 'D12.776.467.100.100.200', 'D23.529.100.100.200'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.297'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['E02.870.300.650', 'E02.912.800.650'], ['A01.923.047.025.600', 'A10.615.789.596'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910'], ['C23.550.823'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
p150Glued, the largest subunit of the dynactin complex, is nonessential in Neurospora but required for nuclear distribution.
|
Dynactin is a multisubunit complex that is required for cytoplasmic dynein, a minus-end-directed, microtubule-associated motor, to efficiently transport vesicles along microtubules in vitro. p150Glued, the largest subunit of dynactin, has been identified in vertebrates and Drosophila and recently has been shown to interact with cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chains in vitro. The mechanism by which dynactin facilitates cytoplasmic dynein-dependent vesicle transport is unknown. We have devised a genetic screen for cytoplasmic dynein/dynactin mutants in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa. In this paper, we report that one of these mutants, ro-3, defines a gene encoding an apparent homologue of p150Glued, and we provide genetic evidence that cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin interact in vivo. The major structural features of vertebrate and Drosophila p150Glued, a microtubule-binding site at the N-terminus and two large alpha-helical coiled-coil regions contained within the distal two-thirds of the polypeptide, are conserved in Ro3. Drosophila p150Glued is essential for viability; however, ro-3 null mutants are viable, indicating that dynactin is not an essential complex in N. crassa. We show that N. crassa cytoplasmic dynein and dynactin mutants have abnormal nuclear distribution but retain the ability to organize cytoplasmic microtubules and actin in anucleate hyphae.
|
['Actins', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Survival', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Dynactin Complex', 'Dyneins', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Microtubule Proteins', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Microtubules', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neurospora crassa', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 8,744,947
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D05.500.142', 'D12.776.220.600.450.150', 'D12.776.631.560.225'], ['D08.811.277.040.013.500.063', 'D08.811.277.040.025.024.063', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.249', 'D12.776.157.025.750.063', 'D12.776.220.600.200'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D05.750.078.734', 'D12.776.220.600'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.300.107.800.629.564'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Conscious intention and motor cognition.
|
The subjective experience of conscious intention is a key component of our mental life. Philosophers studying 'conscious free will' have discussed whether conscious intentions could cause actions, but modern neuroscience rejects this idea of mind-body causation. Instead, recent findings suggest that the conscious experience of intending to act arises from preparation for action in frontal and parietal brain areas. Intentional actions also involve a strong sense of agency, a sense of controlling events in the external world. Both intention and agency result from the brain processes for predictive motor control, not merely from retrospective inference.
|
['Brain', 'Cognition', 'Consciousness', 'Humans', 'Intention', 'Magnetics', 'Motion Perception', 'Movement', 'Neurons']
| 15,925,808
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.188.409', 'F02.830.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.650', 'F02.463.306'], ['H01.671.493'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
BM-BC: a Bayesian method of base calling for Solexa sequence data.
|
Base calling is a critical step in the Solexa next-generation sequencing procedure. It compares the position-specific intensity measurements that reflect the signal strength of four possible bases (A, C, G, T) at each genomic position, and outputs estimates of the true sequences for short reads of DNA or RNA. We present a Bayesian method of base calling, BM-BC, for Solexa-GA sequencing data. The Bayesian method builds on a hierarchical model that accounts for three sources of noise in the data, which are known to affect the accuracy of the base calls: fading, phasing, and cross-talk between channels. We show that the new method improves the precision of base calling compared with currently leading methods. Furthermore, the proposed method provides a probability score that measures the confidence of each base call. This probability score can be used to estimate the false discovery rate of the base calling or to rank the precision of the estimated DNA sequences, which in turn can be useful for downstream analysis such as sequence alignment.
|
['Algorithms', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Genome', 'Genomics', 'RNA', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Software']
| 23,320,938
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['G05.360.340'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Prostaglandin endoperoxide-H synthase-1 and -2 messenger ribonucleic acid levels in human amnion with spontaneous labor onset.
|
Increased prostaglandin (PG) production within the uterine compartment has a pivotal role in the processes leading to labor onset in women. Two PG endoperoxide-H synthase (PGHS) isoenzymes have been identified in a number of cell types. PGHS-1 is constitutively expressed in most cases, whereas PGHS-2 expression is rapidly induced by several agonists. The aims of this study were to determine the levels of PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 expression before and after spontaneous labor (SL) onset in the amnion and to assess the contribution of PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 to enzyme activity. We established and validated ribonuclease protection assays to quantify PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels in the amnion. PGHS enzyme activity was measured with an established assay. The antisense RNA probes used in the protection assays were generated using human PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 complementary DNAs. These probes specifically detected the 2.8-kilobase mRNA of PGHS-1 and the 4.8-kilobase mRNA of PGHS-2 in amnion RNA samples on Northern blots. We measured mRNA levels in amnion from patients after SL at term and from patients not in labor undergoing elective cesarean section (CS) at term. PGHS-2 mRNA levels were markedly higher after SL compared to levels in CS amnion [5.18 +/- 1.08 (n = 16) and 2.27 +/- 0.50 (n = 15), densitometric units, respectively; P < 0.02], whereas there was no difference in PGHS-1 mRNA levels after labor compared with CS samples. PGHS-2 mRNA levels were also positively correlated with PGHS enzyme activity in 4 separate assays with a total of 25 patients (r = 0.65-0.88; P < 0.05). There was no correlation between PGHS-1 mRNA levels and enzyme activity. We conclude that PGHS-2 mRNA is present in human amnion; its levels are elevated after SL onset, and they are correlated with enzyme activity. The stimulation of PGHS activity at labor onset probably involves increased expression of PGHS-2. The expression of PGHS-1 does not change in association with labor in human amnion.
|
['Amnion', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Labor Onset', 'Pregnancy', 'Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 7,852,513
|
[['A10.615.284.277', 'A16.254.750.277'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769.326.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D08.811.600.720', 'D08.811.682.690.708.715'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Continuous circular capsulorhexis and nucleus delivery in planned extracapsular cataract extraction.
|
A technique for nucleus delivery through a continuous circular capsulorhexis in planned extracapsular cataract extraction is presented. The concept of hydro- and viscoexpression of the nucleus is explained, and a strongly bent cannula specially designed for the procedure is introduced.
|
['Cataract Extraction', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Lens Nucleus, Crystalline']
| 1,941,599
|
[['E04.540.825.249'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.060.500.670']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanically-evoked C-fiber activity in painful alcohol and AIDS therapy neuropathy in the rat.
|
While altered activities in sensory neurons were noticed in neuropathic pain, caused by highly diverse insults to the peripheral nervous system, such as diabetes, alcohol ingestion, cancer chemotherapy and drugs used to treat AIDS, other infections and autoimmune diseases, as well as trauma, our understanding of how these various peripheral neuropathies manifest as altered neuronal activity is still rudimentary. The recent development of models of several of those neuropathies has, however, now made it possible to address their impact on primary afferent nociceptor function. We compared changes in mechanically-evoked C-fiber activity, in models of painful peripheral neuropathy induced by drinking ethanol (alcohol) or administering 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor for AIDS therapy, two co-morbid conditions in which pain is thought to be mediated by different second messenger signaling pathways. In C-fiber afferents, ddC decreased conduction velocity. In contrast, alcohol but not ddC caused enhanced response to mechanical stimulation (i.e., decrease in threshold and increase in response to sustained threshold and supra-threshold stimulation) and changes in pattern of evoked activity (interspike interval and action potential variability analyses). These marked differences in primary afferent nociceptor function, in two different forms of neuropathy that produce mechanical hyperalgesia of similar magnitude, suggest that optimal treatment of neuropathic pain may differ depending on the nature of the causative insult to the peripheral nervous system, and emphasize the value of studying co-morbid conditions that produce painful peripheral neuropathy by different mechanisms.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Alcoholic Neuropathy', 'Animals', 'Comorbidity', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Ethanol', 'Mechanics', 'Mechanotransduction, Cellular', 'Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated', 'Pain', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Rats', 'Zalcitabine']
| 17,319,957
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['C10.668.829.800.050', 'C10.720.112.400', 'C25.723.705.150.400', 'C25.775.100.087.193.400'], ['B01.050'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.033.375'], ['H01.671.515'], ['G01.154.090.500', 'G02.111.820.580', 'G04.835.580'], ['A08.675.542.756', 'A11.671.501.756'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['C10.668.829'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950', 'D13.570.230.329.950', 'D13.570.230.500.925', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Intraperitoneal cisplatin plus intravenous cyclophosphamide versus intravenous cisplatin plus intravenous cyclophosphamide for stage III ovarian cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Intravenous platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard primary therapy for advanced ovarian cancer. We conducted a phase 3 trial to compare the effects of intraperitoneal and intravenous cisplatin on the survival of women with previously untreated, stage III, epithelial ovarian cancer.METHODS: The patients underwent an initial exploratory laparotomy and resection of all tumor masses larger than 2 cm. Within four weeks after surgery, six courses of intravenous cyclophosphamide (600 mg per square meter of body-surface area per course) plus either intraperitoneal cisplatin (100 mg per square meter) or intravenous cisplatin (100 mg per square meter) were administered at three-week intervals.RESULTS: Of 654 randomized patients, 546 were eligible for the study. The estimated median survival was significantly longer in the group receiving intraperitoneal cisplatin (49 months; 95 percent confidence interval, 42 to 56) than in the group receiving intravenous cisplatin (41 months; 95 percent confidence interval, 34 to 47). The risk of death was lower in the intraperitoneal group than in the intravenous group (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.61 to 0.96; P = 0.02). Moderate-to-severe tinnitus, clinical hearing loss, and neuromuscular toxic effects were significantly more frequent in the intravenous group.CONCLUSIONS: As compared with intravenous cisplatin, intraperitoneal cisplatin significantly improves survival and has significantly fewer toxic effects in patients with stage III ovarian cancer and residual tumor masses of 2 cm or less.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma', 'Cisplatin', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Hearing Disorders', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Infusions, Parenteral', 'Leukopenia', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Survival Analysis']
| 8,960,474
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['C09.218.458', 'C10.597.751.418', 'C23.888.592.763.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['E02.319.267.510'], ['C15.378.553.546'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tissue distribution and subcellular localization of rabbit liver metalloendopeptidase.
|
We have previously isolated rabbit liver microsomal metalloendopeptidase (MEP) as a candidate for the processing enzyme of vitamin K-dependent plasma proteins. A cDNA coding for MEP has revealed that it is structurally related to metalloendopeptidase-24.15, which catalyzes the proteolytic processing of several bioactive peptides. In this study we examined the tissue distribution and subcellular localization of MEP by light and electron microscopic immunohistochemical methods, in addition to Northern blot analysis. Chicken polyclonal antibodies were raised by using synthetic peptides AG1 (Met31-Asn46) and AG3 (Asp537-Gly551) derived from the sequence of MEP. Both anti-AG1 and anti-AG3 antibodies reacted specifically with MEP, as judged by Western blotting and immunohistochemical methods. Both antibodies gave an identical staining distribution, which was localized on the luminal cell surfaces and in the cytoplasm of the following organs: liver, brain, lungs, kidneys, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, pancreas, placenta, epididymis, uterus, ovary, and oviduct. Northern blot analysis revealed that the expression of MEP mRNA is similar to its immunohistochemical distribution except in the heart. These results suggest that MEP may participate more closely in a degradation role in peptide metabolism in various tissues than in a processing role of the proprotein, like metalloendopeptidase-24.15.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Brain', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cytoplasm', 'Duodenum', 'Female', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Kidney', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Microscopy, Immunoelectron', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rabbits', 'Stomach', 'Testis', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 9,010,467
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.625', 'E05.595.402.625'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The isolation, mapping and transcription in vitro of a beta 0-thalassaemia globin gene.
|
The red blood cell precursors of a patient with homozygous beta 0-thalassaemia have previously been shown to contain nuclear, but not cytoplasmic, beta-globin-specific transcripts. We describe the isolation of a beta-globin gene from this patient as a recombinant bacteriophage chromosome. Restriction-enzyme cleavage-site mapping experiments demonstrate no detectable deletions, insertions or major rearrangements in this thalassaemia gene. Two different techniques show that the gene isolated is transcribed as efficiently in vitro as the normal beta-globin gene.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Globins', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Spleen', 'Thalassemia', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 6,276,172
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D12.776.422.316'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875', 'C15.378.420.826', 'C16.320.070.875', 'C16.320.365.826'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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