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Recovery of ammonia and phosphate minerals from swine wastewater using gas-permeable membranes.
|
Gas-permeable membrane technology is useful to recover ammonia (NH3) from liquid manures. In this study, phosphorus (P) recovery via MgCl2 precipitation was enhanced by combining it with NH3 recovery through gas-permeable membranes. Anaerobically digested swine wastewater containing approximately 2300 mg NH4+-N L-1 and 450 mg P L-1 was treated using submerged membranes plus low-rate aeration to recover the NH3 from within the liquid and MgCl2 to precipitate the P. The experiments included a first configuration where N and P were recovered sequentially and a second configuration with simultaneous recovery. The low-rate aeration reduced the natural carbonate, increased pH and accelerated NH3 uptake by the gas-permeable membrane system, which in turn benefited P recovery. Phosphorus removal efficiency was >90% and P recovery efficiency was about 100%. With higher NH3 capture, the recovered P contained higher P2O5 content (37-46%, >98% available), similar to the composition of the biomineral newberyite (MgHPO4·3H2O).
|
['Ammonia', 'Animals', 'Manure', 'Minerals', 'Phosphates', 'Phosphorus', 'Swine', 'Waste Water']
| 28,157,602
|
[['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D20.601'], ['D01.578'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['D01.268.666'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Transrectal ultrasonography compared with voiding cystourethrography after spinal cord injury.
|
Transrectal ultrasonography was compared with voiding cystourethrography (VCU) in 27 patients after spinal cord injury. Both techniques gave clear images of the bladder and posterior urethra. Ureteric reflux, intraprostatic reflux and anterior urethral diverticula were seen only on VCU. Ultrasonography showed soft tissue detail and muscle contraction not seen on VCU. Other advantages of ultrasonography included the lack of radiation hazard, allowing prolonged observation; no contrast medium was required and this eliminated the need for catheterisation.
|
['Humans', 'Radiography', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Ultrasonography', 'Urethra', 'Urethral Diseases', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urinary Bladder Diseases']
| 3,552,104
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['C12.777.767', 'C13.351.968.767'], ['A05.810.890'], ['C12.777.829', 'C13.351.968.829']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Higher bioavailability of doxycycline in broiler chickens with a novel in-feed pharmaceutical formulation.
|
Bioavailability of a new, long-acting (LA) pharmaceutical preparation for administering doxycycline as in-feed medication to broiler chickens was compared to the standard in-feed administration of doxycycline. A commercial poultry house harboring Ross-308 broiler chickens, weighing 450 g, was divided into 7 sections as follows: doxy-FOLA group (n = 6,000 chickens divided into 3 replicates) medicated with 10% doxycyline, long-acting pellets at a dose of 400 g of doxycycline HCl/ton of food, resulting in a calculated dose of 48 mg/kg for 5 d; doxy-ref group (n = 6,000, divided into 3 replicates) medicated as for doxy-FOLA, but using a 20% commercial preparation of doxycycline. A third group of 300 broiler chickens (divided into 3 replicates), received a single IV dose of 48 mg/kg from a 2.4% solution of doxycycline HCl under ketamine anesthesia. Blood samples were obtained at designated times, serum was harvested, and doxycycline concentrations determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Bioavailability values were 156% and 227% on d 1 and 5 for doxy-FOLA and 13% and 23% for doxy-ref, on the same days. Mean residence time (MRT) and elimination half-life (T½â) were statistically different (P < 0.05) in doxy-FOLA group as compared to doxy-ref group (MRT: 26 h and 5.2 h; and T½â: 18 h vs 3 h, on the first day for doxy-FOLA and doxy-ref, respectively). Based on 3 levels of bacterial sensitivity of E. coli derived from a small survey carried out (i.e., 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 ìg/mL) and considering pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) ratios required for this time-dependent antibacterial drug, it is possible to postulate that doxy-FOLA outstrips the reference preparation maintaining higher and more prolonged serum concentrations of doxycycline and consequently complying better with PK/PD ratios regarded as optimal for this drug. The advantages of using doxy-FOLA in poultry medicine include a more comprehensive use of the active principle, which in turn should have a better impact on bacterial diseases. Yet, a longer withdrawal time is anticipated based on an almost 4-fold increment in the MRT value.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Biological Availability', 'Chickens', 'Doxycycline', 'Drug Compounding', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Female', 'Male', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Random Allocation']
| 28,339,766
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['E05.916.270'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['C22.131.728'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis, antichagasic in vitro evaluation, cytotoxicity assays, molecular modeling and SAR/QSAR studies of a 2-phenyl-3-(1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-acrylic acid benzylidene-carbohydrazide series.
|
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is one of the most important parasitic diseases with serious social and economic impacts mainly on Latin America. This work reports the synthesis, in vitro trypanocidal evaluation, cytotoxicity assays, and molecular modeling and SAR/QSAR studies of a new series of N-phenylpyrazole benzylidene-carbohydrazides. The results pointed 6k (X=H, Y=p-NO2, pIC(50)=4.55 M) and 6l (X=F, Y=p-CN, pIC(50)=4.27 M) as the most potent derivatives compared to crystal violet (pIC(50)=3.77 M). The halogen-benzylidene-carbohydrazide presented the lowest potency whereas 6l showed the most promising profile with low toxicity (0% of cell death). The best equation from the 4D-QSAR analysis (Model 1) was able to explain 85% of the activity variability. The QSAR graphical representation revealed that bulky X-substituents decreased the potency whereas hydrophobic and hydrogen bond acceptor Y-substituents increased it.
|
['Animals', 'Antiprotozoal Agents', 'Benzylidene Compounds', 'Cell Death', 'Chagas Disease', 'Hydrazines', 'Models, Molecular', 'Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Trypanosoma cruzi']
| 19,036,592
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150'], ['G04.146'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['D02.442'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.830.500', 'G07.690.773.997.500'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors related to job satisfaction and autonomy as correlates of potential job retention for rural nurses.
|
This study of 167 nurses in 10 rural Georgia agencies examines the relationships among personal characteristics, factors of job satisfaction, autonomy, and job retention. The findings indicate that, contrary to expectations, personal characteristics (e.g., age, education, salary, marital status, and number of dependents) are not strong predictors of job retention in this sample. Some of the factors of job satisfaction do correlate negatively with indicators of impending job change, but the strongest relationships were those related to nursing autonomy. The study concludes that, of the variables studied, autonomy was the most effective predictor of job satisfaction and intention to remain in the current position.
|
['Decision Making, Organizational', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Freedom', 'Georgia', 'Hospitals', 'Hospitals, Rural', 'Humans', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Personnel Management', 'Personnel Turnover', 'Rural Population', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Workforce']
| 10,105,941
|
[['N04.452.190'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['I01.880.604.473.380', 'N03.706.437.380'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.250', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.370'], ['N02.278.421'], ['N02.278.421.518'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N04.452.677'], ['N04.452.677.680'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of schizophrenia, part 2: long-term treatment of schizophrenia.
|
These guidelines for the biological treatment of schizophrenia were developed by an international Task Force of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP). The goal during the development of these guidelines was to review systematically all available evidence pertaining to the treatment of schizophrenia, and to reach a consensus on a series of practice recommendations that are clinically and scientifically meaningful based on the available evidence. These guidelines are intended for use by all physicians seeing and treating people with schizophrenia. The data used for developing these guidelines have been extracted primarily from various national treatment guidelines and panels for schizophrenia, as well as from meta-analyses, reviews and randomised clinical trials on the efficacy of pharmacological and other biological treatment interventions identified by a search of the MEDLINE database and Cochrane Library. The identified literature was evaluated with respect to the strength of evidence for its efficacy and then categorised into four levels of evidence (A-D). This second part of the guidelines covers the long-term treatment as well as the management of relevant side effects. These guidelines are primarily concerned with the biological treatment (including antipsychotic medication, other pharmacological treatment options, electroconvulsive therapy, adjunctive and novel therapeutic strategies) of adults suffering from schizophrenia.
|
['Antipsychotic Agents', 'Biological Psychiatry', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'International Cooperation', 'Schizophrenia', 'Societies, Medical', 'Time Factors']
| 16,509,050
|
[['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['F04.096.544.090', 'H02.403.690.100'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615.500'], ['F03.700.750'], ['N03.540.828.589'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Association of Silver Nanoparticles and Curcumin Solid Dispersion: Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Properties.
|
The last century, more precisely after 1945, was marked by major advances in the treatment of infectious diseases which promoted a decrease in mortality and morbidity. Despite these advances, currently the development of antimicrobial resistance has been growing drastically and therefore there is a pressing need to search for new compounds. Silver nanoparticles (AgNps) have been demonstrating good antimicrobial activity against different bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Curcumin (CUR) extracted from rhizomes of Curcuma longa has a variety of applications including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial agent. The association between silver nanoparticles and curcumin in a formulation can be a good alternative to control infectious diseases due the antimicrobial properties of both compounds. The objective of this work was to develop a formulation composed of a thermoresponsive gel-with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties due to the association of AgNps with PVP and PVA polymers. After AgNp synthesis, these were incorporated together with the previously prepared CUR/P407 (1:2) solid dispersion (SD) into a polymer dispersion of 20% P407 (thermosensitive gel). Our results showed that the association between the AgNps with CUR SD demonstrated good antioxidant activity as compared to the standard compound. Measures of MIC showed more efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) than for Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus). This association enhances antimicrobial activity against E. coli and P aeruginosa and added antioxidant value in formulations.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Antioxidants', 'Curcumin', 'Drug Combinations', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gels', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Silver', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 28,681,332
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['D26.310'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells after transfection with recombinant lentiviral vector containing follicular dendritic cell secreted protein.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Follicular dendritic cell secreted protein (FDC-SP), has been identified in human periodontal ligament (PDL) in a recent study. It is suggested that the expression of FDC-SP might be associated with the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). However, the intrinsic mechanism regarding this is still unclear. The aim of this study was to establish hPDLCs with safe and efficient overexpression of FDC-SP and to elucidate the influence of FDC-SP transfection on hPDLC osteogenesis in periodontal regeneration.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We first applied a recombinant lentiviral vector containing FDC-SP to transfect hPDLCs via different multiplicity of infection (MOI) levels (1, 10, 20, 50 and 100). Western blot was performed to confirm the expression of FDC-SP. MTT assay was employed to evaluate the proliferation status of transfected cells. Then, the extent of osteogenic differentiation was investigated by simultaneous monitoring of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assessment, immunofluorescent staining, the expression patterns of osteoblastic markers and mineralization staining.RESULTS: We found that hPDLCs transfected via MOI 20, 50 and 100 exhibited expression of FDC-SP protein compared with MOI 1 and 10. There was no significant effect of FDC-SP transfection (at different MOI levels of 1, 10 and 20) on the proliferation of hPDLCs, whereas higher MOI levels (50 and 100) inhibited cell proliferation ability. In addition, ALP activity decreased significantly in FDC-SP-transfected hPDLCs at day 7. When stained with alizarin red, cells overexpressing FDC-SP formed less mineralized nodules at 21 d post-induction of differentiation, compared with the control cultures. Osteogenic inhibition was also confirmed by ALP immunostaining. Moreover, mRNA expression levels of osteoblastic markers decreased after FDC-SP transfection, which were in accordance with western blot results.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that MOI 20 is optimal to transfect hPDLCs, which achieves safe and efficient overexpression of FDC-SP in transfected cells. Moreover, FDC-SP overexpression inhibits osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs. The present study contributes to a better understanding of the biological functions governing FDC-SP-induced hPDLC differentiation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Anthraquinones', 'Blotting, Western', 'Calcification, Physiologic', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Child', 'Collagen Type I', 'Coloring Agents', 'Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Lentivirus', 'Osteoblasts', 'Osteogenesis', 'Periodontal Ligament', 'Proteins', 'Regeneration', 'Sp7 Transcription Factor', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transfection']
| 24,138,099
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.117.159', 'D02.806.100', 'D04.615.117.159'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G07.345.155.500', 'G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.175', 'G11.427.578.050.500.175'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D12.776.930.155.200.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['A11.329.629'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['A14.549.167.646.771'], ['D12.776'], ['G16.762'], ['D12.776.260.522.750.937', 'D12.776.930.375.750.937'], ['D12.776.930'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Familial papillary carcinoma of the thyroid: biogenetic identification and clinical assessment of 4 families].
|
The Authors report 9 patients who were affected by familial papillary carcinoma of thyroid These patients were members of 4 families and they were selected in a general group of 97 patients affected by papillary cancer of the thyroid who underwent surgery from 1991 to 1998. The 9 patients were 1st degree relatives: two sisters, two sisters, two sisters and three brothers. The clinical course was similar in patients whether familiar or sporadic group, but average age in first was 10 yrs lower than in the latter group. Functional cervical dissection was needed only one time by lymphatic metastasis. Observed survival was 100% (follow up 92-16 months) and no specific complication was reported. Thyreoglobulin value was less than normal in every patients. Ret linkage analysis was always performed and no rearrangement was found; in 4 patients APC gene was detected but it was never seen. Case studies are consistent with an autosomal dominant trait that shows an high penetrance if associated with a permissive codominant trait. The authors believe that are necessary further studies on this occurrence. In papillary thyroid cancer familiarity was observed in 9.6%, than authors propose that relatives of thyroid papillary cancer should be underwent to screening.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Papillary', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pedigree', 'Thyroid Neoplasms']
| 11,765,342
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.360', 'C04.557.470.700.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.673'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro apatite formation on polyamide containing carboxyl groups modified with silanol groups.
|
Modification of organic polymer with silanol groups in combination with calcium salts enables the polymer to show bioactivity, that is, the polymer forms apatite on its surface after exposure to body environment. However, how modification with silanol groups influences ability of apatite formation on the polymer substrate and adhesive strength between polymer and apatite is not yet known. In the present study, polyamide containing carboxyl groups was modified with different amounts of silanol groups, and its apatite-forming ability in 1.5SBF, which contained ion concentrations 1.5 times those of simulated body fluid (SBF), was examined. The rate of apatite formation increased with increasing content of silanol groups in the polyamide films. This may be attributed to enhancement of dipole interactions. A tendency for the adhesive strength of the apatite layer on the polyamide film to be decreased with increasing content of silanol groups was observed. This may be attributed to swelling in 1.5SBF and having a high degree of shrinkage after drying. These findings clearly show that modification of organic polymers with the functional groups induces apatite deposition, and also determines the adhesive strength of the apatite layer to the organic substrates.
|
['Apatites', 'Bone Substitutes', 'Calcium', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nylons', 'Silanes', 'Surface Properties', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 17,243,002
|
[['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025', 'D01.146.360.050', 'D01.578.122', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025'], ['D25.130.325', 'J01.637.051.130.325'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D05.750.716.392', 'D25.720.716.392', 'J01.637.051.720.716.392', 'J01.637.548'], ['D01.837.700'], ['G02.860'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immediate physiotherapy in perforating wounds of the pleural cavity and underlying lung.
|
Patients suffering from uncomplicated pneumothorax, haemothorax or haemopneumothorax of clinical significance are treated with fluid replacement, intercostal under-water drainage, antibiotics and routine physiotherapy. The commencement of routine physiotherapy may be delayed 8-60 hrs depending on the time the patient is admitted and arrangement of 'out-of-hours' physiotherapy services, but immediate physiotherapy produces superior results from every point of view.
|
['Exercise Therapy', 'Hemopneumothorax', 'Hemothorax', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Pneumothorax', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Wounds, Penetrating']
| 741,325
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['C08.528.338', 'C23.550.414.904.500'], ['C08.528.380', 'C23.550.414.904'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['C08.528.778'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['C26.986']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis--a prospective study of clinical profile and in-hospital outcome predictors.
|
INTRODUCTION: There is paucity of data on acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in adults in India. Recent reports indicate that demyelinating disorders in the eastern hemisphere are quite distinct from conventional western type multiple sclerosis.AIMS: This study aimed to study the clinical profile, laboratory and imaging parameters, in-hospital morbidity/ mortality and clinical and imaging predictors of in-hospital outcome in ADEM.RESULTS: A total of 29 patients were studied, gender ratio being not significantly different. Prior infection was present in 55.1% patients. Motor deficits (68.9%), bowel bladder abnormalities (65.5%) and sensory deficits (24.1%) were the commonest presenting features. Encephalopathy was seen in 24.1% patients. 10.3% patients had seizures and meningism. A polysymptomatic presentation was seen in 79.3% patients. Pure spinal cord affection (41.3%) was the commonest MRI pattern followed by subcortical (31%) and periventricular white matter involvement (24.1%). A normal MRI was seen in 17.2% of patients. 63% patients showed raised Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein. The commonest in-hospital morbidity was urinary tract infection (18.5%). At admission; 81.4% patients had modified Rankin's score (MRS) between 4 and 6. At 6 weeks post admission, 90.4% patients had MRS score between 0-3, i.e, a favourable MRS.CONCLUSION: This short term, in-hospital study of ADEM showed preponderance of polysymptomatic onset with motor deficits, commonest MRI pattern being pure spinal cord involvement. A good prognosis for short-term recovery at 6 weeks was noted, despite moderate to severe disability at admission.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'India', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Spinal Cord', 'Steroids', 'Time Factors']
| 22,799,110
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A12.207.270.210'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.400'], ['C10.114.375.225', 'C10.228.140.695.562.225', 'C10.314.350.225', 'C20.111.258.250.350'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A08.186.854'], ['D04.210.500'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Incorporation of corn straw biochar inhibited the re-acidification of four acidic soils derived from different parent materials.
|
The effect of corn straw biochar on inhibiting the re-acidification of acid soils derived from different parent materials due to increased soil pH buffering capacity (pHBC) was investigated using indoor incubation and simulated acidification experiments. The incorporation of the biochar increased the pHBC of all four soils due to the increase in soil cation exchange capacity (CEC). When 5% biochar was incorporated, the pHBC was increased by 62, 27, 32, and 24% for the Ultisols derived from Tertiary red sandstone, Quaternary red earth, granite, and the Oxisol derived from basalt, respectively. Ca(OH)2 and the biochar were added to adjust the soil pH to the same values, and then HNO3 was added to acidify these amended soils. The results of this simulated acidification indicated that the decrease in soil pH induced by HNO3 was lower for the treatments with the biochar added than that of the treatments with Ca(OH)2 added. Consequently, the biochar could inhibit the re-acidification of the amended acid soils due to the increased resistance of the soils to acidification when the pH of amended soil was higher than 5.5. The inhibiting effectiveness of the biochar on soil re-acidification was greater in the Ultisol derived from Tertiary red sandstone due to its lower clay and organic matter contents and CEC than the other three soils. The incorporation of the biochar also decreased the potentially reactive Al, i.e., exchangeable Al, organically bound Al, and sorbed hydroxyl Al, compared with the treatments amended with Ca(OH)2. Therefore, the incorporation of corn straw biochar not only inhibited the re-acidification of amended acid soils through increasing their resistance to acidification but also decreased the potential of Al toxicity generated during re-acidification.
|
['Acids', 'Charcoal', 'Soil', 'Zea mays']
| 29,363,035
|
[['D01.029'], ['D01.268.150.150'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution during pregnancy and lipid profile in umbilical cord blood samples; a cross-sectional study.
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Adverse health effects of exposure to air pollution have been investigated in many previous studies. However, there is no study available on the association between maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and cord blood lipid profile. This study, based on 150 mother-newborn pairs residing in Sabzevar, Iran (2018), evaluated the association of exposure to ambient air pollution as well as traffic indicators (total street length in different buffers around residential address and distance to major roads) during entire pregnancy with lipid levels cord blood lipid profile. Concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 at maternal residential address were estimated using land use regression (LUR) models. We measured triglyceride (TAG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC) levels and TC/HDL-C and TAG/HDL-C ratio in the cord blood samples to characterize their lipid profile. Multiple linear regression models were developed to estimate the association of exposure to air pollution and traffic indicators with cord blood lipid profile controlled for relevant covariates. Higher concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with higher levels of TAG, TC, HDL-C, TC/HDL-C, and TAG/HDL-C in cord blood samples. Moreover, higher concentration of PM1 was associated with higher levels of TAG, TC and LDL-C. There was also a positive association between total street length in 100 m buffer around home and serum levels of TC, TAG, LDL-C and TC/HDL ratio (â = 3.73, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.76, 5.71; â = 2.75, 95% CI: 0.97, 4.53; â = 1.87, 95% CI: 0.64, 3.09; â = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.11, respectively). However, the associations for total street length in larger buffers and distance to major roads were not statistically significant. Our findings support a relationship between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and increase in cord blood lipid levels.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Iran', 'Lipids', 'Maternal Exposure', 'Pregnancy']
| 32,114,123
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['D10'], ['N06.850.460.350.145'], ['G08.686.784.769']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[The effect of environmental factors on the concentration of tumor markers in the blood serum and on the indices characterizing thyroid function].
|
Combined versus separate exposure of male organism to cesium-137 and chemical agents results in a more pronounced hyperferritinemia in the former case. In female chemists the ferritin level is dependent to a considerable extent on the menstrual cycle showing a tendency for the iron-containing protein level to decrease because of the action of a number of chemical agents. The rise of the level of cancer embryonic antigen is more readily seen in persons with high levels of cesium-137. Concentrations of carbohydrate antigen (CA-125) and mucin-like antigen are appreciably higher in female chemists incorporating cesium-137, and in those within the 30-km radius of the ChNPP. The level of thyroglobulin was raised in the chemists having a background incorporation of cesium, the liquidators of the aftermaths, and particularly in those happened to be in the 30-km zone. Each of the unfavourable factors taken separately (chemical agent or cesium-137) had lesser effect on the degree of elevation of TG content and hormone-forming function of the thyroid gland. An additional information has been obtained concerning the risk groups, which, however, serves as an indirect measure of carcinogenic effect various environmental factors exert on the organism.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Chemical Industry', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Power Plants', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Thyroglobulin', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Ukraine', 'Urban Population']
| 7,900,350
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101.140'], ['J01.576.655.437'], ['N06.850.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.780', 'J03.540.680'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['D12.776.377.856', 'D12.776.395.768', 'D12.776.486.706'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.931'], ['Z01.542.248.960', 'Z01.542.931.960', 'Z01.586.950.960'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Functionalized fluorescent nanodiamonds for biomedical applications.
|
In recent years, carbon and carbon-based nanomaterials have received increasing attention for applications in life sciences. Nanodiamond (ND) stands out as a unique new substance in these applications because it holds several momentous properties such as good biocompatibility, excellent photostability and facile surface functionalizability. A number of experiments have shown that ND has the highest biocompatibility of all carbon-based nanomaterials including carbon blacks, multiwalled nanotubes, single-walled nanotubes and fullerenes. Additionally, the surface of ND can be readily derivatized with various functional groups for either covalent or noncovalent conjugation with biomolecules. Furthermore, some radiation-damaged NDs can emit strong and stable photoluminescence (red or green) from nitrogen-vacancy defect centers embedded in the crystal lattice. These properties together make ND a highly promising nanomaterial for both in vitro and in vivo applications.
|
['Biotinylation', 'DNA', 'Diamond', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Luminescence', 'Nanostructures', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Surface Properties']
| 19,093,895
|
[['E05.601.085', 'G02.111.109', 'G03.162'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D01.268.150.200'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665', 'G01.590.540.665', 'G01.750.250.650.665', 'G01.750.770.578.665'], ['J01.637.512'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Bond strength of etched In-Ceram(R) to tooth enamel].
|
Laminate veneers of porcelain may be suitable for the correction of enamel anomalies of incisors. They are, however, within the mouth subjected to high mechanical loads, aggressive humidity and abrupt temperature changes. Consequently high strength porcelain and a stable bond between the veneer and the enamel are mandatory. To prepare a retentive surface microscopic investigations reveal that etching of In-Ceram porcelain is less effective than etching of Biodent porcelain, which we investigated as a reference material. This is in accordance with the observed insufficient bond strength between In-Ceram porcelain and enamel. Therefore we conclude that under the environmental condition of the mouth In-Ceram porcelain, even if it is layered with Vitadur porcelain, can not be durably bonded to enamel at present.
|
['Acid Etching, Dental', 'Aluminum Oxide', 'Dental Bonding', 'Dental Enamel', 'Dental Porcelain', 'Dental Stress Analysis', 'Dental Veneers', 'Tensile Strength']
| 1,950,183
|
[['E06.931.475.111'], ['D01.056.050', 'D01.650.550.050'], ['E06.095'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['D25.339.376', 'J01.637.051.339.376', 'J01.637.153.377'], ['E06.308'], ['E06.780.346.750', 'E07.695.190.196'], ['G01.374.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Physiological and performance responses to intermittent Uchi-komi in Judo.
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The objective of this study was to compare the physiological and performance responses with different judo techniques and time structure uchi-komi (technique entrance) protocols. Ten judo athletes (25 ± 6 years old, 73 ± 9 kg, 173 ± 5 cm, and 15 ± 6 years of judo experience) were submitted to 9 all-out uchi-komi sessions. Three techniques (o-uchi-gari, seoi-nage, and harai-goshi) and 3 different time structures (18 ? 10 seconds/10 seconds, 9 ? 20 seconds/20 seconds, and 6 ? 30 seconds/30 seconds) were randomly assigned. Two-way and 3-way analyses of variance with repeated measurements and the Bonferroni test were used. The significance level was fixed at 5%. There was no effect of the time structure or the technique on the absolute energy expenditure (p > 0.05), which can be attributed to the all-out characteristic of the exercise. However, more repetitions were executed during the o-uchi-gari protocol (F = 19; p < 0.001; ç = 0.32) compared with harai-goshi and seoi-nage (p < 0.001 for both comparisons). Oxygen consumption differed over time during the activity (F = 767; p < 0.001; ç = 0.904), with lower values during the first minute (32.51 ± 3.21 ml·kg·min) compared with the second (41.47 ± 4.20 ml·kg·min) and third minutes (42.96 ± 4.29 ml·kg·min), and lower values were recorded in the second minute compared with the third minute (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). There was also an effect of technique on the total energy expenditure per repetition (F = 6; p = 0.001; ç = 0.128), with o-uchi-gari resulting in lower values compared to seoi-nage (p = 0.003), as the former technique does not involve torso rotation and knee flexion, while the latter technique does. These training protocols resulted in similar oxygen uptake and heart rate responses compared to match simulations, and they can be used to simulate the match demand.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Athletic Performance', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Exercise', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Knee', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Martial Arts', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Time Factors', 'Torso', 'Young Adult']
| 22,692,119
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['I03.450.642.845.054'], ['G03.295'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.450'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['I03.450.642.845.560'], ['G03.680'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A01.923'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Intravenous immunoglobulin in postpolio syndrome].
|
BACKGROUND: Postpolio syndrome is characterised by new muscular weakness, pain, and fatigue several decades after the acute polio, and affects approximately 1/4 of patients with previous paralytic polio.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 47-year-old woman with a previous history of acute poliomyelitis developed progressive muscular weakness in her left arm and right leg with muscular pain and fatigue. Clinical examination, MRI, and electromyography gave no other explanation to her progressive muscular weakness and fatigue than postpolio syndrome. She was treated with 400 mg/kg immunoglobulin intravenously for five consecutive days.RESULTS: At follow-up two and three months later, she had a considerable increase in isokinetic muscle strength in knee extension and flexion on the right side, and experienced less fatigue.INTERPRETATION: This case suggests that stabilisation of an autoimmune dysfunction may be a therapeutic option in postpolio syndrome.
|
['Electromyography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins, Intravenous', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Postpoliomyelitis Syndrome']
| 15,467,799
|
[['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.536', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.632', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.632', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.632'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.494'], ['C01.207.618.750.750', 'C01.925.782.687.359.764.650', 'C05.651.534.750', 'C10.228.228.618.750.750', 'C10.228.854.525.850.750', 'C10.574.827', 'C10.668.491.175.750', 'C10.668.864.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hormonal regulation of major histocompatibility complex class I genes in rat thyroid FRTL-5 cells: thyroid-stimulating hormone induces a cAMP-mediated decrease in class I expression.
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Thyrocytes normally express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, but not class II, cell surface antigens. A rat thyrocyte cell line, FRTL-5, also expresses MHC class I antigens, in addition to a variety of thyroid-specific genes. Treatment of FRTL-5 thyrocytes with physiological concentrations of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) has been shown to induce increased expressed of thyroglobulin and thyroid peroxidase but to simultaneously decrease expression of the TSH receptor. The reduction in TSH receptor expression by TSH is cAMP mediated. In the present study, it is demonstrated that, in thyrocytes treated with TSH, MHC class I expression decreases concomitant with the decrease in TSH receptor expression. This decreased expression is evidenced by reduced cell surface levels of MHC class I antigens, by reduced steady-state RNA levels, and by reduced transcription of the class I genes. TSH-mediated reduction of MHC class I gene transcription in FRTL-5 cells was mapped to a region within 135 base pairs of the promoter.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, MHC Class I', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyrotropin', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 1,311,856
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.595', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.595', 'G12.500.500.595'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['E05.481'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The stability of solid dispersions of felodipine in polyvinylpyrrolidone characterized by nanothermal analysis.
|
Nanothermal analysis (NTA) supported by atomic force microscopy imaging has been used to study the changes that occur at the surfaces of solid dispersions of the drug felodipine and the water soluble polymer, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on exposure to standard pharmaceutical environmental stress conditions. Exposure to relative humidities above 75% (at 40 °C) was sufficient to achieve phase separation of the drug and polymer into areas which displayed a glass transition temperature consistent with pure drug and polymer over a period of a few days. Higher values of humidity at 25 °C (e.g. 95%RH) were also sufficient to cause such phase separation within a day. Extended studies of up to two months showed an eventual crystallization of the drug. NTA is shown to be effective at the early detection of instabilities in solid dispersions and the quantifiable identification of the relative composition of phase separated domains based upon their glass transition temperatures. The combined nanoscale analytical approach employed here is able to systematically study the influence of storage conditions and different drug loadings and to evaluate physical stability as a function of environmental conditions.
|
['Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Crystallization', 'Drug Carriers', 'Drug Compounding', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Drug Stability', 'Excipients', 'Felodipine', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Nanostructures', 'Polymers', 'Povidone', 'Solubility']
| 21,627,985
|
[['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['E05.916.270'], ['E02.319.300'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D26.650.700.419', 'D27.720.744.770.419'], ['D03.383.725.203.250'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['J01.637.512'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['D02.455.326.271.884.533.699', 'D03.383.773.812.615', 'D05.750.716.721.838', 'D25.720.716.721.838', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.838'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The theoretical foundation for artery buckling under internal pressure.
|
The stability of blood vessels under the lumen blood pressure is essential to the maintenance of normal arterial function. Buckling equations have been established recently for linear and nonlinear elastic artery models with assumed sinusoidal mode shapes. However, the theoretical base for the assumption is not clear. This study established differential equations of artery buckling and then proved that straight arteries bifurcated into sinusoidal mode shapes when buckling occurs. These results set the buckling equation on a solid theoretical foundation.
|
['Animals', 'Arteries', 'Blood Pressure', 'Computer Simulation', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Humans', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Shear Strength', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 20,524,735
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['G01.374.820'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Maturational and aging effects on guanine nucleotide binding protein immunoreactivity in human brain.
|
Age-related changes in transmembrane signal transduction have been reported for a number of hormonal receptors in human tissues. Guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G-proteins) are major regulatory components in the signal transduction processes for numerous receptors. Developmental changes in the abundance of specific G-protein alpha subunits, especially for Go, have already been shown in rat brain and in neuronal cell lines. In this study, immunoblotting analyses were performed with specific rabbit polyclonal antisera to Gs alpha, Gi alpha, Go alpha, and G beta subunits to estimate semi-quantitatively these G-protein subunits in samples of parietal cortex obtained postmortem from 18 subjects free of neurologic or psychiatric disease whose ages ranged from 3 days to 92 years. The Gs and Gi alpha subunit immunoreactivities were correlated significantly and inversely with age. The Gi alpha immunoreactivity declined markedly (46%) after the age of 40. As other G-protein subunit concentrations showed no age-dependent changes, the observed relationship between Gs and Gi alpha subunits and age is not likely due to cell loss occurring with advancing age. Of particular interest, the ratio of 52 to 45 kDa Gs alpha subunit immunoreactivities was significantly higher in infants than that found for adult parietal cortex. Given that changes in G-protein subunit abundance directly affect receptor-G-protein-effector functionality and response, these age-related alterations may be of importance in cerebral dysfunction and the development of neuropsychiatric disease in the later years of life.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Autoradiography', 'Brain', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Galanin', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Weight', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Peptides', 'Regression Analysis']
| 1,752,042
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['D12.644.400.250', 'D12.776.631.650.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.644'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Body image, personality profiles and alexithymia in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
|
Aim: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-metabolic disorder. It affects women's physical well-being and leads to great psychological distress. Indeed, women with PCOS show a compromised quality of life as well as impaired emotional well-being. The aim of this study is to assess personality characteristics, body image and alexithymia in women with PCOS. Materials and methods: A total of 59 women with PCOS and 38 healthy controls were administered the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), the Body Uneasiness Test (BUT) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Results: The PCOS group showed higher values of alexithymia and a higher body uneasiness. They also showed higher values on many clinical, content and supplementary scales of the MMPI-2. Discussion: It seems that physical appearance and bodily function have a central place in the minds of women with PCOS, as well as in their relationships. However, it is a body they find it hard to feel and with which they mostly feel uncomfortable. Their approach to the outside world seems to be characterized by a certain degree of immaturity, anger, hostility and distrust. Low self-esteem also seems to be connected to a certain tendency toward introversion and withdrawal. This leads to problems in social, professional and intimate relationships.
|
['Adult', 'Affective Symptoms', 'Body Image', 'Female', 'Humans', 'MMPI', 'Personality', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Quality of Life', 'Self Concept', 'Young Adult']
| 30,398,405
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.100'], ['F01.752.747.792.110', 'F02.463.593.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.647.513.607'], ['F01.752'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antiviral Efficacy of Tenofovir Monotherapy in Children with Nucleos(t)ide-naive Chronic Hepatitis B.
|
BACKGROUND: The purpose was to compare the efficacy between tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and lamivudine (LMV) in children with nucleos(t)ide-naive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Patients with CHB were treated with TDF in the immune-reactive phase and compared with a historical control group of patients treated with LMV before the TDF era.METHODS: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA titer decrements (> 3 log₁₀ IU/mL) were monitored after treatment initiation. The treatment duration for HBV DNA clearance (< 357 IU/mL) and complete response (HBeAg loss and HBV DNA clearance) were analyzed. The follow-up period was 96 weeks.RESULTS: Sixteen patients were treated with TDF and compared with a historical control group of 24 patients treated with LMV. HBV DNA decrement (> 3 log₁₀ IU/mL) was achieved in 100% (16/16) of the TDF group but in only 62.5% (15/24) of the LMV group (P = 0.005) at 48 weeks. The HBV DNA clearance (< 357 IU/mL) in the TDF and LMV groups was, respectively, as follows: 62.5% (10/16) and 25.0% (6/24) at 12 weeks (P = 0.018), 81.3% (13/16) and 37.5% (9/24) at 24 weeks (P = 0.006), 93.8% (15/16) and 50.0% (12/24) at 48 weeks (P = 0.004), and 100% (16/16) and 54.2% (13/24) at 96 weeks (P = 0.001). Complete response occurred in 41.7% (5/12) of HBeAg-positive patients in the TDF group and 28.6% (6/21) of the LMV group at 96 weeks (P = 0.443).CONCLUSION: TDF monotherapy for 96 weeks produced a significantly more effective virologic response than LMV monotherapy in children with nucleos(t)ide-naive CHB.
|
['Adolescent', 'Alanine Transaminase', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Child', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B e Antigens', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Lamivudine', 'Male', 'Remission Induction', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tenofovir']
| 29,215,820
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.469'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.500.950.500', 'D13.570.230.329.950.500', 'D13.570.230.500.925.500', 'D13.570.685.245.500.950.500'], ['E02.860'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D02.705.429.906', 'D03.633.100.759.138.881']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Elemental analysis and nutritional value of edible Trifolium (clover) species.
|
Trifolium species, commonly known as clover species, have a cosmopolitan distribution and, as such, are used in many different traditional systems of medicine and consumed by many communities all over the world. In this study, the elemental distribution and nutritional value of five edible Trifolium species, namely, Trifolium africanum, Trifolium burchellianum, Trifolium repens, Trifolium dubium and Trifolium pratense were investigated to evaluate the potential of these plant species to alleviate malnutrition, thereby contributing toward the fight against food insecurity. Trifolium species were found to be a rich alternate source of essential nutrients with concentrations of elements being in decreasing order of Ca > Mg > Fe > Mn > Zn > Se > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > Co > Cd > As and with adequate levels of lipids (4.2 to 8.6%), proteins (35.1 to 45.4%) and carbohydrates (26.7 to 47.0%). Trifolium species were found to be rich in Se (contributing greater than 516% toward its RDA) with T. dubium having a concentration of 0.53 mg 10 g-1, dry mass, which is higher than Brazil nuts. T. pratense was found to be the most suitable species for human consumption due to it having low levels of toxic metals (As, Cd and Pb) while being rich in macro- and micro-elements, especially Fe (7.84 mg 10 g-1, dry mass) and Se (0.36 mg 10 g-1, dry mass).
|
['Humans', 'Metals', 'Nutritive Value', 'Plant Leaves', 'South Africa', 'Trace Elements', 'Trifolium']
| 29,708,825
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.552'], ['G07.203.650.660', 'J01.576.423.850.730.750', 'N06.850.601.750'], ['A18.024.812'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['D01.268.811', 'D27.505.696.494.555', 'G07.203.300.681.500.555', 'J02.500.681.500.555'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.906']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The incidence of analgesics intolerance in asthmatic children detected by history and inhalation challenge with lysine acetylsalicylate.
|
To determine the incidence of adverse reactions to analgesics in unselected asthmatic children, histories were obtained from 486 children, using questionnaires and interviews. Mean age was 11.4 +/- 2.3 (+/- 1 SD) years (range 6-17 years), and mean duration of disease was 7.6 +/- 3.6 (1-15) years. The majority of 21 children gave an equivocal history, and only 7 (1.4%) of all children had a reliable history of adverse reactions to various analgesics. Inhalation challenge with increasing doses of lysine acetylsalicylate (LASA) was performed in 75 randomly selected asymptomatic children. Two boys of these (2.7%) had a positive test, defined as a 25% or more decrease of FEV1 and/or a 50% or more increase of the oscillatory airway resistance, compared with base line values. Both children had a mild airway obstruction, and had no personal or family history of analgesics intolerance. Further 27 children with suspected positive personal or family histories were also challenged. One girl of these manifested a mild urticaria; her pulmonary function remained unchanged. The incidence of analgesics intolerance in unselected asthmatic children is much lower than that of 12.5% to 28% reported in severe chronic asthma. The inhalation challenge with LASA proved simple, safe, effective and time saving, and thus, it offers an alternative method to the oral challenge in suspected children.
|
['Adolescent', 'Airway Resistance', 'Analgesics', 'Aspirin', 'Asthma', 'Bronchial Provocation Tests', 'Child', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Drug Hypersensitivity', 'Female', 'Forced Expiratory Volume', 'Humans', 'Lysine', 'Male', 'Respiratory Hypersensitivity', 'Risk Factors']
| 2,495,382
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E01.370.386.700.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C20.543.206', 'C25.100.468'], ['E01.370.386.700.660.230', 'G09.772.650.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['C08.674', 'C20.543.480.680'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis of New Peptide Derivatives of Galanthamine Designed for Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
|
New derivatives of galanthamine containing peptide fragments with â-secretase inhibitor activity were synthesized. In position 6 of the galanthamine new shortened analogues of â-secretase inhibitor OM 99-2 (Boc-Val-Asn-Leu-Ala-OH and Boc-Val-Asn-Leu-Ala-Val-OH) were included. The new derivatives of the galanthamine in position 11 including Boc and norgalanthamine in P3 or P4 positions, Val in P2' position and benzylamin in P3'-position were also synthesized. All new peptides were investigated on mice for acute toxicity. The test compounds were administered to mice via intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. They have low toxicity (LD50>1000 mg/kg) after i.p. The compound 11-N-demethyl-11-N-N-[Boc-Asp(Asp-Leu-Ala-Val-NH-Bzl)]-Galanthamine was investigated by two way active avoidance method. The compound has good influence on the conditioned reflexes, which improved the processes of learning and memory. Inhibition activity of newly synthesized compounds was monitored against BuChE and IC50 values are determined. All compounds show activity in micromolar concentration. Compounds 5 and 6 have around 10 times higher activity than galanthamine. Compounds 4 and 9 also show good activity. All newly synthesized compounds show low acute toxicity.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Animals', 'Galantamine', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Peptides']
| 26,129,719
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.132.052.500', 'D03.633.100.079.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
AnaConDa reflection filter: bench and patient evaluation of safety and volatile anesthetic conservation.
|
BACKGROUND: The AnaConDa filter permits administration of volatile anesthetic without the use of an anesthesia machine. It is intended for use in the intensive care unit.METHODS: We studied the AnaConDa reflection filter on the bench and in anesthetized patients. The bench analysis used a test lung, a gas analyzer, an intensive care ventilator, the AnaConDa filter, and a syringe pump. We studied a range of tidal volume, respiratory rate, and positive end-expiratory pressure values. We simulated errors during syringe refilling and patient transportation. In 15 anesthetized patients, we used the AnaConDa with constant ventilation variables, a constant sevoflurane infusion rate (4-5 mL/h), and two consecutive fresh gas flow levels.RESULTS: In the bench study, the expired volatile anesthetic fraction decreased linearly with respiratory frequency at constant minute ventilation, and decreased markedly in a hyperbolical manner when tidal volume increased at a constant respiratory rate. Changing the positive end-expiratory pressure level and inspiration/expiration ratio did not modify the AnaConDa's performance. Several safety failures were observed: refilling caused a transient change in AnaConDa output because of a pumping effect, and a standard Luer lock made it possible to connect the halogenate syringe on an IV infusion line. In anesthetized patients, reducing fresh gas flow from 8 to 1 L/min led to a median 40% increase in the expired volatile anesthetic fraction.CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that the device is generally reliable, but that there are several conditions under which it might deliver more anesthetic than intended.
|
['Anesthetics, Inhalation', 'Equipment Design', 'Filtration', 'Humans', 'Isoflurane', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Safety', 'Sevoflurane', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures', 'Veins', 'Ventilators, Mechanical']
| 17,179,257
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100.035.060', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.060'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.355.601.570'], ['D02.355.601'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['D02.355.601.810', 'D02.455.526.510.717'], ['E04.100.814'], ['A07.015.908'], ['E07.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Monosaccharide-enriched diets cause hyperleptinemia without hypophagia.
|
To determine the effect of monosaccharide-enriched diets on plasma leptin and food consumption, body weight, food intake, and serum glucose, insulin, and leptin concentrations were measured in rats maintained on a 10-d course of 60% glucose or 60% fructose diet. The serum leptin concentration in rats fed a high-glucose diet (7.60 +/- 0.6 ng/mL) or a high-fructose diet (5.12 +/- 0.8 ng/mL) was significantly increased compared with that in control rats (2.45 +/- 0.10 ng/mL; P < 0.001). To ascertain that the observed effect was related to hyperinsulinemia, a group of rats were infused with exogenous insulin or rendered insulin resistent with a high-fat diet. When hyperinsulinemia was induced with exogenous infusion, the serum leptin was increased (5.56 +/- 0.23 ng/mL; P < 0.001). High-fat feeding was associated with increased serum leptin (12.1 +/- 1.4 ng/mL) and insulin levels. The increased serum leptin concentration was not associated with decreased food intake. We conclude that monosaccharide-enriched diets, probably through hyperinsulinemia or relative or absolute insulin resistance, cause hyperleptinemia, which does not appear to change feeding behavior.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Weight', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Fats', 'Eating', 'Fructose', 'Glucose', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Leptin', 'Male', 'Monosaccharides', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344']
| 10,869,900
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['D09.947.875.359.250', 'D09.947.875.465.354'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['D09.947.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Follow-up on hang gliding injuries in Colorado.
|
In a period extending from July 1973 to December 1975, seven fatal hang glider accidents were recorded in Colorado, all among experienced pilots. In addition, 11 serious nonfatal injuries were reported, which may represent only a fraction of those occurring. Accidents were noted to be multifactorial, caused by (1) pilot error, (2) equipment failure, (3) terrain hazards, and (4) possible design shortcomings. Accidents can be expected to decline in frequency with improved pilot training programs, grading and regulation of sites, and standardized safety clothing. No doubt over time, the less safe standard Rogallo wing will be replaced by the more stable Superkites and controlled collapsibles, which offer a higher safety margin. In the last analysis, this sport will remain a popular yet high risk endeavor (Figs. 2 through 5).
|
['Adult', 'Aircraft', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Child', 'Colorado', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 998,844
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['J01.937.285.100'], ['C26.115'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Causes and outcomes of spontaneous pneumothoraces in solid tumor cancer patients: an update for the medical oncologist.
|
PURPOSE: Defined as lung collapse in the absence of a recent invasive thoracic procedure, a spontaneous pneumothorax can be a catastrophic event, leading to abrupt shortness of breath, chest pain, hypotension, and occasionally death. A dearth of present day information on this entity in solid tumor cancer patients prompted this single-institution retrospective study on current causes and outcomes.METHODS: All patients with diagnoses of "spontaneous pneumothorax" and "cancer" between 1990 and 2004 had their records retrieved and reviewed. Among 546 patients with a diagnosis of spontaneous pneumothorax, only 25 (5%) met predefined inclusion criteria that included an antecedent diagnosis of an invasive solid tumor malignancy. Lung (n = 5) and bladder cancer (n = 4) were the most common malignancies; eight patients had received radiation and one had received carmustine. Of note, 78% were smokers, 13 had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 12 had no known active cancer at the time of the pneumothorax.RESULTS: Pneumothorax management was associated with great morbidity, including hospitalization in 24 patients and chest tube placement and/or surgery in most patients. Median survival for the group as a whole was 31 months, but patients with known active cancer tended to do poorly, with only a 3-month median survival.CONCLUSION: A spontaneous pneumothorax is rare, and patients with known active cancer tend to do poorly. However, even patients with no known active cancer are at risk, perhaps in part from smoking. The fact that patients with no known active cancer can live for years after this event suggests that the pneumothorax should not be assumed to be related to cancer recurrence, that cancer restaging is not always mandatory, and that there is justification for managing the pneumothorax in this subgroup aggressively.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Pneumothorax', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 17,409,880
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['C08.528.778'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Aberrant expression of cell-cycle regulator cyclin D1 in breast cancer is related to chromosomal genomic instability.
|
To account for the accumulation of genomic alterations required for tumor progression, it has been suggested that the genomes of cancer cells are unstable and that this instability results from defective mutators (the "mutator phenotype" theory). To examine the hypothesis that abnormal cell-cycle regulators act as the mutators contributing to genomic instability, the present study, based on primary tumor tissues from 71 patients with breast cancer, was performed to determine whether there was an association between aberrant expression of cell-cycle regulators (cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin E, RB1, p21, and p27) and chromosomal instability. Comparative genomic hybridization was used to measure chromosomal changes, reflecting genomic instability in individual tumors, whereas immunohistochemistry was used to detect aberrant expression of cell-cycle regulators. Overexpression of cyclin D1 was found to be significantly correlated with increased chromosomal instability (defined as harboring more than 7 chromosomal changes), with 63% of tumors overexpressing and 27% of tumors not overexpressing, with cyclin D1 showing chromosomal instability (P < 0.05). Interestingly, this relationship was independent of cell outgrowth (as detected by the proliferation marker Ki-67) and was particularly significant in tumors not expressing p27 or in tumors with detectable RB1. These results suggest that cyclin D1 plays an alternative role in the regulation of genomic stability.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosome Deletion', 'Cyclin D1', 'Female', 'Gene Amplification', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization']
| 12,007,188
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['D12.776.167'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['C23.550.210.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.029.530.175', 'G05.365.590.175.050.500.500', 'G05.365.590.762.180', 'G05.558.800.180', 'G05.700.131.500.500'], ['D12.644.360.262.150.100', 'D12.776.167.218.150.100', 'D12.776.476.262.150.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.100'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[The effect of binaural bi-modal fitting on speech recognition of cochlear implant recipients with low frequency electrodes incompletely implanted].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of binaural bi-modal fitting (one cochlear implant and a contralateral hearing aid) on speech recognition of cochlear implant recipients with low frequency electrodes incompletely implanted.METHOD: A total of 15 cochlear implant(CI) users who have low residual hearing (250 Hz 45-90 dBHL, 500 Hz 75 - 100 dBHL) of their non surgery ears. We closed the top three electrodes to simulate the state of low-frequency electrodes incompletely implanted by fitting software. (1) The same tester received twice speech recognition tests in incompletely implanted state, one test used single CI model and the other used binaural bi-modal fitting model. (2)The same tester received above twice speech recognition tests again, but in completely implanted state. Then we compared the results of tests.RESULT: The CI users used binaural bi-modal fitting have higher speech recognition score than the same users used unilateral cochlear implant model in low-frequency electrodes incompletely implanted state(P<0. 05). The gap between the scores of the tests by using two usage patterns in low frequency electrodes incompletely implanted state was more than that in completely implanted state (P<0. 05).CONCLUSION: Binaural bi-modal fitting can help CI users to improve their speech recognition ability in low-frequency electrodes incompletely implanted state.
|
['Cochlear Implantation', 'Cochlear Implants', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Hearing', 'Hearing Aids', 'Hearing Tests', 'Humans', 'Speech', 'Speech Perception']
| 26,536,697
|
[['E04.580.450.220', 'E04.650.220'], ['E07.305.250.319.381.500.500', 'E07.695.150', 'E07.695.202.381.500.500', 'E07.814.458.150'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['E07.305.906.500', 'E07.814.458'], ['E01.370.382.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of a new strain of Taura syndrome virus (TSV) from Colombian shrimp farms and the implication in the selection of TSV resistant lines.
|
Prior to 2004, Colombian shrimp farming benefited from a selection program in which Penaeus vannamei stocks were developed with resistance to Taura syndrome disease (TS). However since 2004, TS reappeared as a significant disease. In 2010, an apparently new strain of TSV (designated as CO 10) was collected in Colombia. Its genome was sequenced and compared with six other fully sequenced isolates. This analysis revealed that the TSV CO 10 is closely related to the isolates from Hawaii and Venezuela. Phylogenetic analysis based on capsid protein 2 (CP2) region from 59 TSV isolates shows that the recent Colombian isolates (2006-2010) form a new cluster and differ from the previous Colombia isolates (1994-1998) by 4% in nucleotide sequence. The virulence of this CO 10 isolate was similar to a Belize TSV determined through experimental infection in P. vannamei showing 100% mortalities and similar survival curves. By RT-qPCR for TSV, the viral loads were also close in the infected shrimp from both CO 10 and Belize at the order of 1?10(10) copies per ìl RNA. To develop TSV-resistant lines, the candidate shrimp should be challenged with virus strains that have been isolated most recently from the regions where they will be cultured. This study suggests that the TSV present in Colombian shrimp farms during the last 5 years is a new TSV strain with high virulence.
|
['Animals', 'Aquaculture', 'Base Sequence', 'Colombia', 'Dicistroviridae', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Penaeidae', 'Phylogeny', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Viral Load', 'Virulence']
| 23,022,573
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.040.168'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['Z01.107.757.284'], ['B04.525.165', 'B04.820.578.329'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.050.500.131.365.190.660'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Changes during exercise of ECG intervals related to increased risk for ventricular arrhythmia in repaired tetralogy of Fallot and their relationship to right ventricular size and function.
|
PURPOSE: Our study aimed to assess pro-arrhythmogenic electrocardiographic changes during maximal physical exercise in patients operated for Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF).METHODS: TOF patients prospectively underwent: 1) bicycle ergometry, 2) cardiac MRI, and 3) 24-hour Holter. ECG data was analyzed at rest, at 60% of peak exercise and at peak exercise. R-R duration, QRS-, QT- and JT-duration and dispersions were assessed. Changes of ECG parameters during exercise were calculated and correlated to RV volume, RVEF, RV wall-mass, PR-percentage and VO(2max). Exercise ECG data from healthy controls were used as reference.RESULTS: Thirty-one patients (mean age at repair (SD) 0.8 (0.5) years, age at study 16 (5) years) and 25 controls (age 12 (2) years) were included. With exercise mean QTc and JTc dispersions increased in patients (p<0.001), but not in controls. At peak exercise JTc dispersion was larger in patients (p<0.01). QTc did not change with exercise in patients (p=0.14) and decreased in controls (p<0.05). At all levels of exercise mean QTc, QRS and QRS dispersion were larger in patients (all p<0.001). Significant associations were found for; 1) a larger increase of JTc dispersion with a higher PR-percentage, a larger RV volume, a larger RV wall-mass, 2) a larger QTc increase with a larger RV volume and worse RVEF.CONCLUSION: During physical exercise inhomogeneity of repolarisation, known to predispose for re-entry ventricular arrhythmia, increases in repaired TOF. Larger inhomogeneity is found with more severe PR.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiac Volume', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke Volume', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular', 'Tetralogy of Fallot', 'Ventricular Function, Right']
| 17,433,470
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['G09.330.380.249'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940'], ['C14.240.400.849', 'C14.280.400.849', 'C16.131.240.400.849'], ['G09.330.955.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in blood lactate and heart rate in thoroughbred horses during swimming and running according to their stage of training.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the change in the performance capacity of horses trained by running could be evaluated with a standardised swimming exercise test as well as by a standardised running exercise test. Seven two-year-old thoroughbred horses were trained by running for four months and were subjected to a standardised swimming exercise tolerance test before the training began and after two and four months of training in addition to the standardised running tolerance test after two and four months of training. The running training brought about a significant change in the correlation between the swimming speed of the horses and their blood lactate concentration, and the correlation between the blood lactate concentration and maximum heart rate and running speed also changed significantly after two months of training.
|
['Animals', 'Exercise Test', 'Exercise Tolerance', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Horses', 'Lactates', 'Male', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Running', 'Swimming']
| 7,801,439
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['G11.427.680.270'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['G11.427.410.568.800', 'G11.427.410.698.277.875', 'I03.350.875', 'I03.450.642.845.945.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
NF-kappaB signaling pathway, not IFN-beta/STAT1, is responsible for the selenium suppression of LPS-induced nitric oxide production.
|
Upon stimulation of macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Toll-like receptor 4 recognizes LPS, leading to expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), via MyD88/NF-kappaB and TRIF/IFN-beta/STAT pathways. Although selenium (Se) was reported to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production, it is unclear which signaling pathway is inhibited by Se. Here, we investigated how Se inhibits NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. When the cells were pretreated with Se for 1 h followed by LPS treatment, iNOS mRNA expression and subsequent NO production declined significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Se inhibited IkappaBalpha degradation in the cytosol and NF-kappaB binding to its recognition site in the nucleus of the LPS-stimulated cells. Meanwhile, Se did not inhibit IFN-beta mRNA induction or STAT1 phosphorylation in the LPS-stimulated cells. These results suggest that Se down-regulates iNOS gene expression and NO production in the LPS-stimulated macrophages through inhibition of the NF-kappaB activation pathway but not the IFN-beta/STAT1 signaling pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Interferon-beta', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'NF-kappa B', 'Nitric Oxide', 'STAT1 Transcription Factor', 'Selenium', 'Signal Transduction']
| 17,630,198
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.275', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.275', 'D23.529.374.440.890.275'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.644.360.024.303.500.500', 'D12.644.360.024.342.100', 'D12.776.157.057.061.500.500', 'D12.776.157.057.186.100', 'D12.776.260.513.249.500', 'D12.776.476.024.386.500.500', 'D12.776.476.024.430.100', 'D12.776.930.354.249.500', 'D12.776.930.840.100'], ['D01.268.185.850', 'D01.578.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Emergence of sequence type 252 Enterobacter cloacae producing GES-5 carbapenemase in a Czech hospital.
|
ST252 Enterobacter cloacae, producing GES-5 carbapenemase, was isolated in a Czech hospital. blaGES-5 was part of a novel class 1 integron, In1406, which also included a new allele of the aadA15 gene cassette. In1406 was located on a ColE2-like plasmid, pEcl-35771cz (6953bp).
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Czech Republic', 'Enterobacter cloacae', 'Enterobacteriaceae Infections', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Integrons', 'Multilocus Sequence Typing', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 29,150,370
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['Z01.542.248.395'], ['B03.440.450.425.275.200', 'B03.660.250.150.170.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.330.200.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457.500', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457.500', 'E05.393.542.500', 'E05.393.760.700.650'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Maleficent magnets and mangled megabytes.
|
Personal computers have become common-place in physicians' practices and their use in cardiac pacing for programming and follow-up is increasing. The most commonly used media for mass data storage are ferromagnetic. That the toroidal and bar magnets used to activate reed switches pose a threat to such data is well known but the degree of care necessary in handling magnets around storage media, especially the vulnerable floppy diskettes, is not generally appreciated. The basic principles of magnetic data storage discussed herein elucidate the mechanism of data alteration by extraneous magnetic fields. The properties of the surface coatings, the requirements of applicable industry standards, and the field strengths of the pacemaker magnets suggest that data on diskettes should be secure if kept at least 6-7 cm from an isolated pacemaker magnet. Experiments with typical bar and toroidal magnets demonstrated that data recorded on representative diskettes actually remained unaltered until the magnets were placed < 1 cm from the recording surfaces.
|
['Compact Disks', 'Computer Storage Devices', 'Humans', 'Magnetics', 'Microcomputers', 'Pacemaker, Artificial', 'Tape Recording']
| 7,686,650
|
[['J01.897.280.500.668.800.250', 'J01.897.280.500.898.800.250', 'L01.178.590.875.800.250', 'L01.178.820.090.668.800.250', 'L01.178.820.090.898.800.250', 'L01.224.230.260.115.475.600.325', 'L01.280.960.800.250'], ['L01.224.230.260.115.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.671.493'], ['L01.224.230.260.550'], ['E07.305.250.750'], ['J01.897.280.500.846', 'L01.178.820.090.846', 'L01.280.940']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-Lasting Protective Effect of Posaconazole Prophylaxis in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Receiving Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
|
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during induction chemotherapy and those who receive allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are at higher risk of invasive fungal infections (IFI). In the present study, we investigated whether the risk of IFI in AML patients receiving HSCT might be affected by the antifungal prophylaxis with posaconazole administered during the induction/salvage chemotherapy treatment. Between August 2001 and April 2015, 130 patients with AML received itraconazole/fluconazole (group A) and 99 received posaconazole (group B) as antifungal prophylaxis after induction/salvage chemotherapy at 7 Italian centers and all patients received fluconazole as antifungal prophylaxis after HSCT. The median duration of antifungal prophylaxis after induction/salvage chemotherapy was significantly longer for patients in group A than for those in group B (24 days versus 20 days, P = .019). The 1-year cumulative incidence of proven/probable IFI after HSCT was 14% and 4% in group A and group B, respectively (P = .012). Fungal-free survival and overall survival at 1 year after HSCT were 66% and 70% in group A, and 75% and 77% in group B (P = .139 and P = .302), respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis identified the use of alternative donors (matched unrelated donor: odds ratio [OR], 3.25; haploidentical/partially matched related donor: OR, 3.19), antifungal prophylaxis with itraconazole/fluconazole (OR, 3.82), and reduced-intensity conditioning (OR, 4.92) as independent risk factors for the development of IFI after HSCT. In summary, the present study suggests that the protective effects of posaconazole during induction/salvage chemotherapy for AML patients may have long-lasting benefits and eventually contribute to reduce the risk of IFI when patients undergo allogeneic HSCT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Allografts', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Blood Donors', 'Female', 'Fluconazole', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Induction Chemotherapy', 'Invasive Fungal Infections', 'Itraconazole', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Premedication', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Survival Analysis', 'Triazoles', 'Young Adult']
| 27,667,012
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A01.941.500'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['M01.898.313'], ['D03.383.129.799.450'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.499', 'E02.860.500'], ['C01.150.703.492'], ['D03.383.129.799.550', 'D03.383.606.530'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.319.703'], ['E02.895'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D03.383.129.799'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Repeated anodal trans-spinal direct current stimulation results in long-term reduction of spasticity in mice with spinal cord injury.
|
KEY POINTS: Spasticity is a disorder of muscle tone that is associated with lesions of the motor system. This condition involves an overactive spinal reflex loop that resists the passive lengthening of muscles. Previously, we established that application of anodal trans-spinal direct current stimulation (a-tsDCS) for short periods of time to anaesthetized mice sustaining a spinal cord injury leads to an instantaneous reduction of spasticity. However, the long-term effects of repeated a-tsDCS and its mechanism of action remained unknown. In the present study, a-tsDCS was performed for 7 days and this was found to cause long-term reduction in spasticity, increased rate-dependent depression in spinal reflexes, and improved ground and skill locomotion. Pharmacological, molecular and cellular evidence further suggest that a novel mechanism involving Na-K-Cl cotransporter isoform 1 mediates the observed long-term effects of repeated a-tsDCS.ABSTRACT: Spasticity can cause pain, fatigue and sleep disturbances; restrict daily activities such as walking, sitting and bathing; and complicate rehabilitation efforts. Thus, spasticity negatively influences an individual's quality of life and novel therapeutic interventions are needed. We previously demonstrated in anaesthetized mice that a short period of trans-spinal subthreshold direct current stimulation (tsDCS) reduces spasticity. In the present study, the long-term effects of repeated tsDCS to attenuate abnormal muscle tone in awake female mice with spinal cord injuries were investigated. A motorized system was used to test velocity-dependent ankle resistance and associated electromyographical activity. Analysis of ground and skill locomotion was also performed, with electrophysiological, molecular and cellular studies being conducted to reveal a potential underlying mechanism of action. A 4 week reduction in spasticity was associated with an increase in rate-dependent depression of spinal reflexes, and ground and skill locomotion were improved following 7 days of anodal-tsDCS (a-tsDCS). Secondary molecular, cellular and pharmacological experiments further demonstrated that the expression of K-Cl co-transporter isoform 2 (KCC2) was not changed in animals with spasticity. However, Na-K-Cl cotransporter isoform 1 (NKCC1) was significantly up-regulated in mice that exhibited spasticity. When mice were treated with a-tsDCS, down regulation of NKCC1 was detected, and this level did not significantly differ from that in the non-injured control mice. Thus, long lasting reduction of spasticity by a-tsDCS via downregulation of NKCC1 may constitute a novel therapy for spasticity following spinal cord injury.
|
['Animals', 'Electric Stimulation Therapy', 'Female', 'Mice', 'Muscle Spasticity', 'Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 2', 'Spinal Cord Injuries']
| 30,689,208
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.331', 'E02.779.468', 'E02.831.535.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C05.651.512', 'C10.597.613.550.550', 'C23.888.592.608.550.550'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.750.625', 'D12.776.157.530.937.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.937.875.625'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Implicit knowledge of visual uncertainty guides decisions with asymmetric outcomes.
|
Perception is an "inverse problem," in which the state of the world must be inferred from the sensory neural activity that results. However, this inference is both ill-posed (Helmholtz, 1856; Marr, 1982) and corrupted by noise (Green & Swets, 1989), requiring the brain to compute perceptual beliefs under conditions of uncertainty. Here we show that human observers performing a simple visual choice task under an externally imposed loss function approach the optimal strategy, as defined by Bayesian probability and decision theory (Berger, 1985; Cox, 1961). In concert with earlier work, this suggests that observers possess a model of their internal uncertainty and can utilize this model in the neural computations that underlie their behavior (Knill & Pouget, 2004). In our experiment, optimal behavior requires that observers integrate the loss function with an estimate of their internal uncertainty rather than simply requiring that they use a modal estimate of the uncertain stimulus. Crucially, they approach optimal behavior even when denied the opportunity to learn adaptive decision strategies based on immediate feedback. Our data thus support the idea that flexible representations of uncertainty are pre-existing, widespread, and can be propagated to decision-making areas of the brain.
|
['Adaptation, Ocular', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Decision Theory', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Observer Variation', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Psychometrics', 'Reference Values', 'Uncertainty', 'Visual Perception']
| 18,484,808
|
[['G14.020'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G17.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.600.900', 'F02.463.785.373.820', 'G17.680.875', 'N05.715.360.750.625.850', 'N06.850.520.830.600.900'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Large-aperture automatic focimeter for the measurement of optical power and other optical characteristics of ophthalmic lenses.
|
We propose an optical apparatus enabling the measurement of spherical power, cylindrical power, and optical center coordinates of ophthalmic lenses. The main advantage of this new focimeter is to provide a full bidimensional mapping of the characteristics of ophthalmic glasses. This is made possible thanks to the use of a large-area and high-resolution position-sensitive detector. We describe the measurement principle and present some typical mappings, particularly for progressive lenses. We then discuss the advantages in terms of speed and versatility of such a focimeter for the measurement of complex lens mappings.
|
['Equipment Design', 'Eyeglasses', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Optics and Photonics']
| 12,371,562
|
[['E05.320'], ['E07.632.500.300'], ['E05.599'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Management of sagittal synostosis: a solution to equipoise.
|
BACKGROUND: In the craniofacial surgery literature, there is a wide disparity of opinions regarding the appropriate treatment of nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis. With the lack of level 1 evidence to support a particular regimen, our study aims to elucidate the current state of practice among craniofacial surgeons with the hope of establishing a standard of care.METHODS: An internet-based survey was sent to 102 craniofacial surgeons in 14 countries on 4 continents. Data were collected regarding the following parameters: primary indication for surgery, preference of timing, and choice of operative intervention for patients presenting with nonsyndromic isolated sagittal synostosis with normative intracranial pressure values. Surgeons were also queried regarding preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative protocols.RESULTS: After 2 mailings, the response rate was 58% (59/102). For 63% of respondents, skull deformity was the primary indication for treatment of craniosynostosis. Open surgical management of sagittal craniosynostosis was most commonly performed at 6 months (35%) of age. Total cranial vault remodeling was the most commonly performed procedure (37%). Thirty-five percent of craniofacial surgeons chose an endoscopic surgical approach for patients presenting at younger than 4 months. Only 10% of craniofacial surgeons selected spring-assisted strip craniectomy. Seventy-one percent of polled surgeons performed computed tomographic scans of the skull in all cases, irrespective of presentation.CONCLUSION: Our survey demonstrates that there exists a wide disparity of opinion regarding diagnosis and treatment of nonsyndromic sagittal synostosis. When current practice is compared to findings in the literature, significant discrepancies exist.
|
['Craniosynostoses', 'Craniotomy', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Orthopedic Procedures', 'Orthotic Devices', 'Postoperative Care', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Skull', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Therapeutic Equipoise']
| 24,469,377
|
[['C05.116.099.370.894.232', 'C05.660.207.240', 'C05.660.906.364', 'C16.131.621.207.240', 'C16.131.621.906.364'], ['E04.525.190'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.718', 'E04.555'], ['E07.858.442.743'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['E04.680'], ['A02.835.232.781'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['K01.752.566.479.171.132.750.775', 'K01.752.566.479.173.700', 'N05.350.340.162.500.750', 'N05.350.670.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of synthetic porcine gastrin-releasing peptide on plasma levels of immunoreactive cholecystokinin pancreatic polypeptide and gastrin in dogs.
|
This study was conducted to determine if synthetic porcine gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) stimulates the release of immunoreactive cholecystokinin (CCK), pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and gastrin in dogs. Three doses (0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 micrograms/kg-hr) of synthetic porcine GRP were administered intravenously to six conscious dogs. Synthetic porcine GRP stimulated the release of each hormone in a dose-related manner. The effect of GRP on the response of gastrin was greater than its effect on CCK and PP responses. This study indicates that the biological action of synthetic porcine GRP is similar to the bombesin, an amphibian peptide shown previously to stimulate the release of gastrointestinal peptides.
|
['Animals', 'Cholecystokinin', 'Dogs', 'Gastrin-Releasing Peptide', 'Gastrins', 'Gastrointestinal Hormones', 'Kinetics', 'Peptides', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Swine']
| 6,622,284
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.317.152', 'D12.644.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D06.472.317.410', 'D12.644.400.315', 'D12.776.631.650.315'], ['D06.472.317.413', 'D06.472.699.280', 'D12.644.400.320', 'D12.644.548.280', 'D12.776.631.650.320'], ['D06.472.317'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.644'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Breastfeeding experiences of women who work at a textile industry from Cear?, Brazil].
|
This study aimed to understand the experience of women staff employed in a textile industry from Ceara State, Brazil, after returning to work, compared to the process of breastfeeding or weaning. Qualitative research carried out in June 2007 with five working mothers. The stories of these women, from a set of open-ended questions revealed difficulties in reconciling work and breast feeding, because of their beliefs and lack of social and institutional support. The poor conditions of work which these women are exposed are also determining factors in the continuation or discontinuation of breast feeding, being necessary to extend the improvements in institutions with childcare, milk collection places and escorting permanently of these women, when produce their return to work.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Breast Feeding', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Occupational Health', 'Textile Industry', "Women's Health", 'Young Adult']
| 21,468,491
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.400.525'], ['J01.576.655.937'], ['N01.400.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Accuracy and Reliability of Marker-Based Approaches to Scale the Pelvis, Thigh, and Shank Segments in Musculoskeletal Models.
|
Gait analysis together with musculoskeletal modeling is widely used for research. In the absence of medical images, surface marker locations are used to scale a generic model to the individual's anthropometry. Studies evaluating the accuracy and reliability of different scaling approaches in a pediatric and/or clinical population have not yet been conducted and, therefore, formed the aim of this study. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) and motion capture data were collected from 12 participants with cerebral palsy and 6 typically developed participants. Accuracy was assessed by comparing the scaled model's segment measures to the corresponding MRI measures, whereas reliability was assessed by comparing the model's segments scaled with the experimental marker locations from the first and second motion capture session. The inclusion of joint centers into the scaling process significantly increased the accuracy of thigh and shank segment length estimates compared to scaling with markers alone. Pelvis scaling approaches which included the pelvis depth measure led to the highest errors compared to the MRI measures. Reliability was similar between scaling approaches with mean ICC of 0.97. The pelvis should be scaled using pelvic width and height and the thigh and shank segment should be scaled using the proximal and distal joint centers.
|
['Anatomic Landmarks', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Lower Extremity', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Pelvis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Thigh']
| 28,290,736
|
[['A01.111'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['A01.923.600'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A01.378.610.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Expanding the synthesis of new trans-sulfonamide platinum complexes: cytotoxicity, SAR, fluorescent cell assays and stability studies.
|
In this manuscript, we describe the synthesis of new trans-N-sulfonamide platinum complexes and their antiproliferative activity (GI50, ìM) in human solid tumors cells. The structure activity relationships (SAR), with different new synthesized complexes by variation in ligand, halogen and also in the stereochemistry of the ligand, has been studied. Solubility and stability studies have also been carried out as well as fluorescent cell assays in order to clarify the final target in the tumor cells.
|
['Biological Assay', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Coordination Complexes', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Drug Stability', 'Fluorescence', 'Humans', 'Platinum', 'Quinoxalines', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulfanilamides', 'Sulfonamides']
| 23,474,039
|
[['E05.091'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['E05.916.330'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.690', 'D01.268.956.734', 'D01.552.544.690'], ['D03.633.100.857'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D02.065.884.725', 'D02.092.146.807', 'D02.886.590.700.725'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning and bacterial expression of monomeric short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase (carbonyl reductase) from CHO-K1 cells.
|
Mammalian carbonyl reductase (EC 1.1.1.184) is an enzyme that can catalyze the reduction of many carbonyl compounds, using NAD(P)H. We isolated a cDNA of carbonyl reductase (CHO-CR) from CHO-K1 cells which was 1208 bp long, including a poly(A) tail, and contained an 831-bp ORF. The deduced amino-acid sequence of 277 residues contained a typical motif for NADP+-binding (TGxxxGxG) and an SDR active site motif (S-Y-K). CHO-CR closely resembles mammalian carbonyl reductases with 71-73% identity. CHO-CR cDNA had the highest similarity to human CBR3 with 86% identity. Using the pET-28a expression vector, recombinant CHO-CR (rCHO-CR) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells and purified with a Ni2+-affinity resin to homogeneity with a 35% yield. rCHO-CR had broad substrate specificity towards xenobiotic carbonyl compounds. RT-PCR of Chinese hamster tissues suggest that CHO-CR is highly expressed in kidney, testis, brain, heart, liver, uterus and ovary. Southern blotting analysis indicated the complexity of the Chinese hamster carbonyl reductase gene.
|
['Alcohol Oxidoreductases', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Blotting, Southern', 'CHO Cells', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Cricetinae', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Escherichia coli', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'NADP', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plasmids', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protein Binding', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 11,082,196
|
[['D08.811.682.047'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.749', 'D08.211.625', 'D13.695.667.138.749', 'D13.695.827.068.749'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of LR white resin for histology of the undecalcified rat tibia.
|
Histology of plastic embedded undecalcified bone represents a challenging problem to the histotechnologist. We outline here an exploration of LR White resin as a suitable medium for histologic study of undecalcified rat tibia. A procedure was developed for light microscopy of rat tibia embedded in LR White and sectioned by sawing-grinding technics. The specimens were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin or alcohol-acetic acid-formol, dehydrated in ethanol, defatted in chloroform followed by resin infiltration and heat-curing of embedded blocks. The procedure of dehydration, defatting, infiltration, and polymerization can be completed within 10 days. Cold curing with accelerator provided by the manufacturer did not yield superior results compared to blocks cured with heat. Thick sections were obtained using a diamond wire saw, attached to plexiform slides, then ground and polished. Surface staining with Von Kossa silver reagent or toluidine blue revealed satisfactory morphological preservation of the mineralized bone sections. Artifacts like small bubbles appeared occasionally and could not be avoided despite prolonged infiltration or cold curing of blocks. Our method is relatively simple for base-line histologic study of rat tibia. The method offers advantages such as easy adaptability, reliable stainability, contrast, and resolution of bone architecture and marrow cells. Two other embedding media, Micro-Bed resin and Unicryl, were also tested, but produced inferior results.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Animals', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Plastic Embedding', 'Rats', 'Staining and Labeling', 'Tibia']
| 10,810,976
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.440.640', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.440.640', 'E05.200.500.620.760.440.640', 'E05.200.750.600.760.440.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A Risk Assessment Model for Bacterial Leaf Spot of Pepper (Capsicum annuum), Caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria, Based on Concentrations of Macronutrients, Micronutrients, and Micronutrient Ratios.
|
The phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas euvesicatoria causes bacterial leaf spot (BLS) of pepper and has a worldwide distribution. BLS is difficult to control and an integrated management strategy that incorporates crop rotation, use of clean seed and clean plants, weed control, resistant varieties, applications of bactericides, biocontrol agents, and systemic acquired resistance (SAR) inducers is generally recommended. However, even with that arsenal of weapons, BLS can still be responsible for severe losses under favorable environmental conditions. Thus, additional tools need to be added to an overall integrated management strategy to combat BLS. In this article, we developed several models from 2012 to 2014 that were based on how macronutrients, micronutrients, and micronutrient ratios affect BLS severity. Factors used to select a model for validation included highly significant P values, high adjusted R2 values, low variance inflation factor values (<5), root mean square error, Mallow's Cp, and high Akaike's information criterion correction values. In addition, salicylic acid (SA) concentrations and relative expression of nonexpresser pathogenesis-related gene1 (NPR1) and pathogenesis-related protein 1 (PR1) in pepper tissues were also considered in model selection. A model (ECGA1) consisting of concentrations of copper, manganese, potassium, and the iron/zinc ratio as independent variables was used for validation in three different commercial pepper fields in Georgia: Colquitt County and Worth County in 2015 and Tift County in 2016. When area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values for two field sites (Colquitt and Worth Counties) in 2015 were pulled together and plotted against ECGA1-predicted values for both sites, the resulting relationship was highly significant (P = 0.0001) with an R2 value of 0.92. A significant relationship between observed AUDPC versus predicted values was also observed in Tift County in 2016 (P < 0.001; adjusted R2 = 0.98). Relative gene expression of both NPR1 and PR1 genes was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in pepper grown in predicted low-risk sites compared with pepper from high-risk sites in Colquitt, Worth, and Tift Counties. Although BLS severity will fluctuate depending on environmental conditions, the data indicate that the level of risk at a particular location may be influenced by how macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations affect plant disease resistance genes in the SAR pathway.
|
['Capsicum', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Models, Biological', 'Plant Diseases', 'Risk Factors', 'Soil', 'Xanthomonas']
| 28,686,086
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.145'], ['G05.308.375'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G15.610'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['B03.440.400.425.967.930', 'B03.660.250.915.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Surveillance of Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasms With Peritoneal Metastases After Cytoreductive Surgery and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy: Are 5 Years Enough? A Multisite Experience.
|
BACKGROUND: Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMNs) are tumors that often present with widespread mucin in the peritoneal cavity (pseudomyxoma peritonei [PMP]). Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are effective treatment, but no published recommendations exist regarding surveillance.METHODS: Data from prospective databases of patients who underwent CRS-HIPEC from 2001 to 2017 at two high-volume institutions were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who underwent complete CRS-HIPEC for PMP secondary to LAMN were included in the analysis. Pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of LAMN. Cases of mucinous adenocarcinomas and neuroendocrine tumors (goblet cell carcinoids) were excluded.RESULTS: The study enrolled 156 patients. The median peritoneal cancer index (PCI) was 18 (interquartile range IQR1-3, 12-23), and 125 patients (80.1%) had a CC0 cytoreduction. According to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) grading, 152 patients (97.4%) presented with acellular mucin or G1 implants, 2 patients (1.3%) presented with G2 disease, and 2 patients (1.3%) presented with G3 disease. During the follow-up period (median, 45 months; IQR1-3 23-76 months), 23 patients (14.7%) experienced recurrence. All the recurrences were peritoneal and occurred within 5 years. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rates were respectively 95.5%, 83.4%, and 78.3%. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that higher PCI scores (p < 0.001), a CC1 cytoreduction (p = 0.005), and higher preoperative levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (p = 0.012) and CA-125 (p = 0.032) correlated with a shorter DFS. Only higher PCI scores independently predicted earlier recurrences (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Most patients had recurrence within 3 years after CRS-HIPEC, and none after 5 years. High PCI was the only independently significant variable. The study findings support intensive surveillance (every 3-6 months) with tumor markers and imaging methods during the first 3 years, and annual surveillance thereafter, with follow-up assessment after 5 years yielding limited benefit.
|
['Aftercare', 'Appendiceal Neoplasms', 'CA-125 Antigen', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,385,130
|
[['E02.760.169.063', 'N02.421.585.169.063', 'N04.590.233.727.210.063'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.184.290', 'C06.301.371.411.184.290', 'C06.405.249.411.184.290', 'C06.405.469.110.417.290', 'C06.405.469.491.184.290'], ['D12.776.395.560.631.050', 'D23.050.285.050.225', 'D23.050.550.325.225', 'D23.101.140.075.225'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['E02.186'], ['E04.166'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.612'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.557.470.590'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation for severe postinfarction left ventricular dysfunction.
|
OBJECTIVES: This phase I trial was designed to assess the feasibility and safety of autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation in patients with severe ischemic cardiomyopathy.BACKGROUND: Experimentally, myoblast grafting into postinfarction myocardial scars improves left ventricular function.METHODS: Ten patients were included on the basis of the following criteria: 1) severe left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction < or = 35%); 2) the presence of a postinfarction akinetic and nonviable scar, as assessed by dobutamine echocardiography and 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography; and 3) an indication of coronary bypass in remote areas. Skeletal myoblasts were grown from a biopsy taken at the thigh.RESULTS: An average of 871 x 10(6) cells (86% of myoblasts) were obtained after a mean period of 16 days and implanted uneventfully across the scar at the time of bypass. Except for one patient whose early death was unrelated to the cell transplantation, all patients had an uncomplicated postoperative course. Four patients showed delayed episodes of sustained ventricular tachycardia and were implanted with an internal defibrillator. At an average follow-up of 10.9 months, the mean New York Heart Association functional class improved from 2.7 +/- 0.2 preoperatively to 1.6 +/- 0.1 postoperatively (p < 0.0001), and the ejection fraction increased from 24 +/- 1% to 32 +/- 1% (p < 0.02). A blinded echocardiographic analysis showed that 63% of the cell-implanted scars (14 of 22) demonstrated improved systolic thickening. One noncardiac death occurred 17.5 months after transplantation.CONCLUSIONS: These preliminary data suggest the feasibility and safety of autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation in severe ischemic cardiomyopathy, with the caveat of an arrhythmogenic potential. New-onset contraction of akinetic and nonviable segments suggests a functional efficacy that requires confirmation by randomized studies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cell Count', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Endpoint Determination', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myoblasts, Skeletal', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Safety', 'Stroke Volume', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 12,679,204
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['A11.251'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E05.315'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.872.620.500'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['C23.550.767'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Porous Biomimetic Hyaluronic Acid and Extracellular Matrix Protein Nanofiber Scaffolds for Accelerated Cutaneous Tissue Repair.
|
Recent reports suggest the utility of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules as raw components in scaffolding of engineered materials. However, rapid and tunable manufacturing of ECM molecules into fibrous structures remains poorly developed. Here we report on an immersion rotary jet-spinning (iRJS) method to show high-throughput manufacturing (up to ?1 g/min) of hyaluronic acid (HA) and other ECM fiber scaffolds using different spinning conditions and postprocessing modifications. This system allowed control over a variety of scaffold material properties, which enabled the fabrication of highly porous (70-95%) and water-absorbent (swelling ratio ?2000-6000%) HA scaffolds with soft-tissue mimetic mechanical properties (?0.5-1.5 kPa). Tuning these scaffolds' properties enabled the identification of porosity (?95%) as a key facilitator for rapid and in-depth cellular ingress in vitro. We then demonstrated that porous HA scaffolds accelerated granulation tissue formation, neovascularization, and reepithelialization in vivo, altogether potentiating faster wound closure and tissue repair. Collectively, this scalable and versatile manufacturing approach enabled the fabrication of tunable ECM-mimetic nanofiber scaffolds that may provide an ideal first building block for the design of all-in-one healing materials.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Biomimetic Materials', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Nanofibers', 'Porosity', 'Regeneration', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Wound Healing']
| 31,755,704
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['J01.637.087'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['G01.374.710'], ['G16.762'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cocaine detection in postmortem samples following therapeutic administration.
|
Cocaine is one of the most widely abused drugs and one that is frequently encountered in forensic toxicology laboratories. Most often, the detection of cocaine would lead toxicologists and forensic pathologists to believe that the drug was used illicitly; however, cocaine is an effective local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is used clinically in surgeries of the eye, ear, nose, and throat. Therefore, it is important to note that the presence of cocaine and its metabolites in forensic samples cannot always be attributed to abuse and that a thorough investigation and review of medical records is warranted before an informed conclusion can be made. In this case report, a 54-year-old male died three days after an altercation in which he suffered multiple injuries. In addition to natural disease and injuries documented at autopsy, cocaine and its metabolites were detected in the decedent's urine, and a review of surgical records showed that earlier on the day of death, he was administered cocaine clinically during a procedure to repair nasal bone fractures. If not for this comprehensive investigation and review of surgical records, the assumption of cocaine abuse might have otherwise been made and the cause and manner of death incorrectly established.
|
['Anesthetics, Local', 'Cocaine', 'Diagnostic Errors', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Forensic Toxicology', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Nasal Bone', 'Substance Abuse Detection', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents']
| 19,874,667
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['H01.158.891.424', 'H02.884.424', 'I01.198.780.968'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.640'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.665', 'A04.531.378'], ['E05.885', 'N06.850.780.500.765'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['D27.505.954.411.793']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of enteric helminths on the distribution of intestinal endocrine cells belonging to the diffuse endocrine system in brown trout, Salmo trutta L.
|
The presence of intestinal helminths in the alimentary canal of brown trout, Salmo trutta L., can alter the number of cells that synthesize modulatory peptides. A total of 167 brown trout were collected from tributaries of the River Brenta (northern Italy), of which 119 (71.3%) specimens were infected with enteric helminths, 28 with the acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis M?ller, 1776 with intensity of infection ranging from 1 to 162 (18.57 +/- 30.79) worms per host and 67 fish with the cestode Cyathocephalus truncatus Pallas, 1781. Intensity of infection with C. truncatus ranged from 1 to 85 (6.87 +/- 12.59) per fish. In 24 fish there were concurrent infections of both species of helminths. The caecal and middle regions of the intestine were the most heavily parasitized. Immunohistochemical tests showed a decrease in endocrine cells (ECs) of the diffuse endocrine system (DES) positive to gastrin, cholecystokinin-8, bombesin and secretin antisera in the intestine of the infected trout. The number of ECs immunoreactive to anti-glucagon serum did not show differences in the digestive tract of uninfected brown trout and in conspecifics parasitized with P. laevis. The density of cells containing glucagon-like material was low in the fish parasitized with C. truncatus. The results suggest that endoparasitic helminths induce alterations in the DES of infected S. trutta.
|
['Animals', 'Bombesin', 'Cholecystokinin', 'Enteroendocrine Cells', 'Fish Diseases', 'Gastrins', 'Glucagon', 'Helminthiasis, Animal', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Secretin', 'Trout']
| 12,962,225
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.100', 'D12.644.400.085', 'D12.644.548.100', 'D12.776.631.650.085', 'D20.888.033.137', 'D23.946.833.033.137'], ['D06.472.317.152', 'D12.644.120'], ['A06.390', 'A11.382.625', 'A11.436.294'], ['C22.362'], ['D06.472.317.413', 'D06.472.699.280', 'D12.644.400.320', 'D12.644.548.280', 'D12.776.631.650.320'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['C01.610.335.349', 'C01.610.701.377', 'C22.674.377'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C01.610.432', 'C06.405.469.452'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D06.472.317.800', 'D06.472.699.810', 'D12.644.400.705', 'D12.644.548.810', 'D12.776.631.650.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reliability of the minimum basic dataset for diagnoses of cerebrovascular disease.
|
INTRODUCTION: The minimum basic dataset is the largest available hospital care administrative database that is used in clinical studies and hospital management in association with diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). In 2011, the quality of the national MBDS in hospital discharges was audited, in order to assess its reliability. This paper presents a sub-analysis of the results from that analysis which are referred to cerebrovascular disease (CVD).METHODS: Using all discharge reports from the Spanish MBDS in 2009, a representative sample was obtained by stratified sampling and 11 209 records were evaluated. Outcome indicators were obtained to measure any differences observed between the national MBDS being evaluated and the hospital's original MBDS. Analysis of codes for CVD as a primary diagnosis was performed for ICD-9-CM diagnostic categories 430 through 438. We evaluated error rates in the selection and classification of main diagnoses, as well as in DRG assignment.RESULTS: There were 397 discharges of cases of CVD which included 21 different DRGs. Diagnostic coding showed a concordance rate of 81.87%; the selection error rate was 2.26% and the classification error rate was 15.87%. The error rate in the DRG was 16.12% and associated with the greatest impact on the mortality risk level.CONCLUSIONS: While the errors we observed must be taken into account, data suggest that the quality of the MBDS for CVD is sufficient to ensure delivery of valid information. The hospital discharge registry serves as a valuable tool for use in studies of this disease.
|
['Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Databases, Factual', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'International Classification of Diseases', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Registries', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Spain']
| 25,728,952
|
[['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.945.400'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Intracellular and extracellular leukemia inhibitory factor proteins have different cellular activities that are mediated by distinct protein motifs.
|
Although many growth factors and cytokines have been shown to be localized within the cell and nucleus, the mechanism by which these molecules elicit a biological response is not well understood. The cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) provides a tractable experimental system to investigate this problem, because translation of alternatively spliced transcripts results in the production of differentially localized LIF proteins, one secreted from the cell and acting via cell surface receptors and the other localized within the cell. We have used overexpression analysis to demonstrate that extracellular and intracellular LIF proteins can have distinct cellular activities. Intracellular LIF protein is localized to both nucleus and cytoplasm and when overexpressed induces apoptosis that is inhibited by CrmA but not Bcl-2 expression. Mutational analysis revealed that the intracellular activity was independent of receptor interaction and activation and reliant on a conserved leucine-rich motif that was not required for activation of cell surface receptors by extracellular protein. This provides the first report of alternate intracellular and extracellular cytokine activities that result from differential cellular localization of the protein and are mediated by spatially distinct motifs.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'COS Cells', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cytoplasm', 'Extracellular Space', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Growth Inhibitors', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leucine', 'Leukemia Inhibitory Factor', 'Lymphokines', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Serpins', 'Transfection', 'Viral Proteins']
| 10,749,936
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['A10.082.500', 'A11.284.295'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['D27.505.696.377.450'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['D12.644.276.374.470', 'D12.776.467.374.470', 'D23.529.374.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['D12.644.861', 'D12.776.872', 'D27.505.519.389.745.800.675'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Guluronic Acid (G2013), As a New Anti-inflammatory Drug on Gene Expression of Pro-inflammatory and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines and Their Transcription Factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients.
|
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a long-term autoimmune disease is characterized by pain, swelling and joints destruction. The therapeutic efficacy of Guluronic acid (G2013) (patented, DEU: 102016113017.6) was reported in phase I/II clinical trial in RA patients. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of G2013 as a novel non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with immunosuppressive property on genes expression of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines and their transcription factors in the blood sample of RA patients. This study was performed on 12 patients with RA who had an inadequate response to conventional treatments which were disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), NSAID, and biologics. G2013 was administered orally at a dose of 500 mg twice daily for 12 weeks. Before and after the treatment of patients with drug G2013, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated for evaluating the gene expression level of interleukin 10 (IL10), interleukin 22 (IL22), interferon ã (IFNã), and transcription factors specific to the T helper cell lineages, forkhead box P3 (Fox-P3), Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and T-box-containing protein expressed in T cells (T-bet) using the real-time PCR method. Since these cytokines have a key role in the progression of RA and disease condition expected induction of IFNã, AHR, IL22, T-bet, and reduction of IL10, Fox-P3. Results indicated a significant reduction in the level of IFNã, AHR and a significant induction in IL10, Fox-P3 gene expression in comparison with the control group. In conclusion; the results of this investigation showed a part of the immunological mechanism of G2013 as a novel anti-inflammatory that could reduce pro-inflammatory cytokine and their transcription factors. Furthermore, it increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine and its transcription factor (clinical trial identifier: IRCT2016092813739N5).
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hexuronic Acids', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Middle Aged', 'Transcription Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 32,245,307
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G05.308'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400', 'D02.241.152.811.400', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400', 'D09.811.922.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Skin diseases in human immunodeficiency virus positive children from Santiago, Chile].
|
Children infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may develop severe, refractory mucocutaneous manifestations that may be the initiating symptom of HIV infection. In this study we examined the skin of all HIV positive children receiving medical care in the public health care system in Santiago, Chile. We detected mucocutaneous manifestations in 37/66 (56%) children from 7 months to 12 years of age. The most commonly encountered dermatologic manifestations were of infectious origin, mostly fungal (7.5%) and viral (7.5%) infections. With the increase in pediatric HIV patients worldwide, it is important to recognize skin manifestations of HIV positive children. This is the first published series of skin diseases in HIV positive children in Chile.
|
['AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chile', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Skin Diseases, Infectious', 'Viral Load']
| 18,769,774
|
[['C01.221.250.875.100', 'C01.597.050', 'C01.610.684.050', 'C01.925.597.050', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.100', 'C20.673.480.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.107.757.235'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.800', 'C17.800.838'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
K+ and Mg-2+ net fluxes in relation to zero [Ca-2+] perfusion and subsequent cardiac contracture.
|
Following within 45 sec after the development of contracture induced by restoring normal ionic composition perfusion conditions after a 12 min period of mechanical arrest in the rabbit heart caused by zero [Ca-2+] perfusion, there is an explosive efflux of K+ and Mg-2+. After shorter periods of Ca-2+-lack arrest, the restoration of [Ca-2+] to normal causes recovery of rhythmic contraction and no K+ efflux. The K+ and Mg-2+ effuxes are ascribed to the effects of the contracture itself and not simply to the loss of Ca-2+ during zero [Ca-2+] arrest nor to the restoration of normal perfusate [Ca-2+], except insofar as the latter operates to induce the contracture. It is suggested that cell membrane permeability progressively increases during zero [Ca-2+] arrest and that an abnormally large influx of Ca-2+ after restoration of normal perfusate [Ca-2+] induces the contracture.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Calcium', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Dogs', 'Heart Arrest', 'Ion Exchange', 'Magnesium', 'Male', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Perfusion', 'Potassium', 'Rabbits', 'Time Factors']
| 1,144,445
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C14.280.383'], ['G02.437'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['E05.680'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Buthionine sulfoximine increases the toxicity of nifurtimox and benznidazole to Trypanosoma cruzi.
|
l-Buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO) increased the toxicity of nifurtimox and benznidazole toward the epimastigote, trypomastigote, and amastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. BSO at 500 muM decreased total glutathione-derived thiols by 70 to 80% in 48 h. In epimastigotes, 500 muM BSO decreased the concentration of nifurtimox needed to inhibit constant growth of the parasites by 50%, from 14.0 to 9.0 muM, and decreased that of benznidazole from 43.6 to 24.1 muM. The survival of epimastigotes or trypomastigotes treated with nifurtimox or benznidazole, as measured by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) reduction, was significantly decreased by 500 muM BSO. In Vero cells infected with amastigotes, 25 muM BSO was able to potentiate the effect of nifurtimox and benznidazole as measured by the percentage of infected Vero cells multiplied by the average number of intracellular amastigotes (endocytic index). At 0.5 muM nifurtimox, the proportion of Vero cells infected decreased from 27 to 20% and the endocytic index decreased from 2,500 to 980 when 25 muM BSO was added. Similar results were obtained with benznidazole- and BSO-benznidazole-treated cells. This study indicates that potentiation of nifurtimox or benznidazole by BSO could decrease the clinical dose of both drugs and diminish the side effects or the length of therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Buthionine Sulfoximine', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Drug Synergism', 'Nifurtimox', 'Nitroimidazoles', 'Parasitic Sensitivity Tests', 'Trypanocidal Agents', 'Trypanosoma cruzi', 'Vero Cells']
| 15,616,285
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.886.030.676.620.125', 'D12.125.166.676.620.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D02.640.600.480', 'D02.886.665.400', 'D03.383.312.649.480', 'D03.383.855.400'], ['D02.640.672', 'D03.383.129.308.658'], ['E01.370.225.940', 'E05.200.940', 'E05.337.550.700'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.875'], ['B01.268.475.868.887.140'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ureteroscopic lithotripsy for distal ureteral calculi: comparative evaluation of three different lithotriptors.
|
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: We report the results of a randomized controlled trial comparing three different lithotriptors using semirigid ureteroscopy (URS) for distal ureteral stones.METHODS: Between September 2009 and November 2010 69 patients undergoing ureteroscopy were randomized to three groups: LithoClast classic (Group 1), Holmium Laser (Group 2), and StoneBreaker™ (Group 3). A 7.5F semirigid ureteroscope was used in all procedures. The primary outcome was differences in fragmentation time. Secondary outcomes were stone-free rates, intraoperative complications, stone-up migration, hospital stay, analgesic requirement, and need for auxiliary procedures. Patients were followed up at 15 days, 30 days, and 3 months. The stone-free status was defined with noncontrast computed tomography performed at first control. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine clinical and surgical factors that have direct impact on the success of ureteroscopy. Chi-square test and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) tests were used for statistical comparisons.RESULTS: There were no differences between sociodemographic variables. Average stone size was 7.17±2.04 mm in Group 1; 7.89±2.73 mm in Group 2; and 7.79±2.97 mm in Group 3 (p=0.79). Fragmentation time were similar between lithotriptors; 27.12±4.07 minutes in Lithoclast group; 21.78±2.81 minutes in Laser group, and 27.14±4.71 minutes in StoneBreaker group (p=0.74). Stone-free rates were 96%±11.18% (group 1), 96.9%±8% (group 2), and 96.9%±8.4% (group 3) (p=0.1). No difference was observed in stone-up migration, postoperative Double-J stent placement, or auxiliary procedures. Stone size and the placement of a second working wire were associated with shorter fragmentation time (p<0.01).CONCLUSIONS: The three lithotripsy devices evaluated behaved similarly in terms of the ability to fragment stones, and were equally effective for distal ureteral stones. Adequate fragmentation and fragment removal are mainly dependant on stone size and surgical technique (use of auxiliary wire).
|
['Adult', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lithotripsy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ureteral Calculi', 'Ureteroscopy']
| 22,192,101
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.725.938.500', 'C12.777.967.374.500', 'C12.777.967.500.851', 'C13.351.968.725.938.500', 'C13.351.968.967.374.500', 'C13.351.968.967.500.851', 'C23.300.175.850.750'], ['E01.370.388.250.920', 'E01.370.390.800', 'E04.502.250.920', 'E04.950.774.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Variation and information in white blood cell differential counts.
|
The magnitude and sources of variation in the white blood cell (WBC) count and differential count affect their information content and clinical value. This study describes components of variation in the WBC count and differential, estimates the magnitude of each component, and uses computer simulations to compare the information conveyed by the total WBC count and by the WBC differential count, expressed as the number of each type of cell and as the percentage of each cell type. Biologic variation is much greater than statistical sampling variation in differential WBC counts, even when a relatively small number of cells is classified. The commonly reported neutrophil percentage is inferior both to the neutrophil count and to the total WBC count in its ability to detect neutrophilia and to detect recovery from elevated levels. This conclusion holds for single as well as for sequential WBC differential determinations and regardless of the level of test result at which the clinician considers disease to be present. The total WBC count and the neutrophil count differ little in performance, so a neutrophilic patient's return to normal levels can safely be detected and monitored by relying on the less expensive total WBC count and foregoing repeated requests for differential counts.
|
['Bacterial Infections', 'Computers', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Neutrophils', 'Probability', 'Reference Values', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 6,727,589
|
[['C01.150.252'], ['L01.224.230.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia requiring admission to hospital.
|
Patients who develop bacterial pneumonia in the community often require admission to acute-care hospitals. Knowledge of the incidence of pneumonia due to different pathogens that are brought into an institution from the community may play a role in determining the patterns of infecting organisms responsible for hospital-acquired pneumonia. For 1 year, we prospectively reviewed the records of patients admitted to our 1000-bed community hospital with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CABP). Patients had clinical signs and symptoms, positive radiologic findings, and pure cultures of potential pathogens from sputum, blood, pleural fluid, lung aspirate, lung biopsy, or transtracheal aspirate. Pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila was diagnosed by serum indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) titer greater than or equal to 1:256 and clinical signs and symptoms along with response to erythromycin. Of 204 patients with bacterial pneumonia, the following pathogens were implicated: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus species, L. pneumophila, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, oral anaerobic bacteria, Psuedomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and others. Most patients were more than 50 years of age and many had evidence of underlying pulmonary disease. The etiology of CABP may not be as predictable as in the past. Empiric antimicrobial therapy for CABP should include agents with activity against the pathogens prevalent in the community.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Connecticut', 'Cross Infection', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over', 'Hospitals, Community', 'Humans', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Lung Diseases', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia', 'Prospective Studies', 'Seasons', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae']
| 6,349,427
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.200'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['N02.278.306.472.300'], ['N02.278.421.306'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['C08.381'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Responses of polycystic ovarian syndrome and related variants to low-dose follicle stimulating hormone.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether patients with classical polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) respond differently to low-dose FSH therapy in comparison with anovulatory patients (PCOS-like) where only some features of PCOS are present.METHODS: Two groups of patients were studied. The PCOS group (25 patients, 51 cycles) and the PCOS-like group (38 patients, 57 cycles) were treated with the same protocol of purified FSH, commencing with an initial dosage of 75 IU/day and increasing by 37.5 IU/day after 14 days, where necessary. Estradiol levels and ultrasonographic evidence of follicular development were used for monitoring.RESULTS: PCOS patients required more ampules of FSH, needed more days of gonadotropin stimulation, secreted higher levels of E2 and had increased numbers of intermediate follicles compared to the PCOS-like group.CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated significant differences between PCOS and other PCOS-like conditions when treated with low-dose FSH. Classification of the subvariants of PCOS may have therapeutic implications.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Female', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Pregnancy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,215,494
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.351.500.365.700'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
VEGF regulates cell behavior during vasculogenesis.
|
Prominent among molecules that control neovascular processes is vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The VEGF ligands comprise a family of well-studied mitogens/permeability factors that bind cell surface receptor tyrosine kinases. Targets include VEGF receptor-1/Flt1 and VEGF receptor-2/Flk1. Mice lacking genes for VEGF ligand or VEGF receptor-2 die early in gestation, making it difficult to determine the precise nature of underlying endothelial cellular behavior(s). To examine the effect(s) of VEGF signaling on cell behavior in detail, we conducted loss-of-function studies using avian embryos. Injection of soluble VEGFR-1 results in malformed vascular networks and the absence of large vessels. In the most severe cases embryos exhibited vascular atresia. Closely associated with the altered phenotype was a clear endothelial cell response-a marked decrease in cell protrusive activity. Further, we demonstrate that VEGF gain of function strikingly increased cell protrusive activity. Together, our data show that VEGF/VEGF receptor signaling regulates endothelial cell protrusive activity, a key determinant of blood vessel morphogenesis. We propose that VEGF functions as an instructive molecule during de novo blood vessel morphogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Lymphokines', 'Mice', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Quail', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Signal Transduction', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors']
| 10,926,758
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950.100', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910.100'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical Features of Benign Essential Blepharospasm in Korean Patients.
|
PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical features of benign essential blepharospasm in Korean patients.METHODS: Patients diagnosed with benign essential blepharospasm in Kim's Eye Hospital from November 2014 to December 2016 were evaluated using a clinical examination and questionnaire. The questionnaire reviewed personal medical history, demographic factors, risk factors for blepharospasm development, and relieving and aggravating factors.RESULTS: Of the 101 patients enrolled, 78 (77.2%) were women. The mean age was 64.9 years old. Hypertension was the most common medical disorder (42.6%), followed by diabetes mellitus. The majority of the patients were non-smokers (83.2%) and drank less than a cup of a caffeinated beverage a day (30.7%). Fifty-seven percent of patients reported no stressful events immediately prior to symptom development. Fatigue and stress were aggravating factors in more than 55% of patients; rest was the most common relieving factor (35.6%).CONCLUSIONS: Here, we report the clinical features of benign essential blepharospasm in Korean patients for the first time. The results were consistent with previous reports showing that the majority of benign essential blepharospasm patients are women and non-smokers. In contrast to previous reports though, fatigue and stress were aggravating factors, and the most common relieving factor was rest. No stressful events had immediately preceded the development of blepharospasm in 57.4% of patients. This report may aid in treating and counseling patients with benign essential blepharospasm.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blepharospasm', 'Botulinum Toxins, Type A', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuromuscular Agents', 'Prognosis', 'Republic of Korea', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 30,311,455
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C11.338.250'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.153.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.153.100', 'D12.776.097.156.100', 'D23.946.123.179.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.696.663.700'], ['E01.789'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Colonic pseudo-obstruction disclosing bladder calculi: report of 2 cases].
|
The authors report two cases of acute intestinal obstruction caused by bladder calculi and insist on differential clinical diagnosis. Simple X ray and sonography seemed to be sufficient-for diagnosis of this extrinseque colique obstruction and management consisted of removal of the bladder stones The prognosis is excellent.
|
['Aged', 'Colonic Pseudo-Obstruction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Urinary Bladder Calculi']
| 11,761,696
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.405.469.158.272.217', 'C06.405.469.531.492.500.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.829.720', 'C12.777.967.500.925', 'C13.351.968.829.521', 'C13.351.968.967.500.925', 'C23.300.175.850.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The value of the maxillo-malar osteotomy in the treatment of Crouzon syndrome with exorbitism.
|
Premature fusion of the cranial sutures along with midface hypoplasia, shallow orbits, and ocular proptosis are the principal features of Crouzon syndrome. Treatment varies according to the variable expressivity of the disease and usually begins during a child's first year with fronto-orbital advancement with cranial decompression. Subsequent development of midfacial hypoplasia needs correction. Procedures for this purpose include the Le Fort III osteotomy or its segmental variants, monobloc frontofacial advancement, or bipartition osteotomy. Adult Crouzon often presents with marked midface hypoplasia and exorbitism. We report an adult-diagnosed Crouzon syndrome case with typical facial features and exorbitism corrected by orbital decompression and zygomaticomaxillary advancement.
|
['Adult', 'Cephalometry', 'Craniofacial Dysostosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Maxilla', 'Orbit', 'Osteotomy', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures']
| 18,724,129
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['C05.116.099.370.231', 'C05.660.207.231', 'C16.131.621.207.231'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E04.680']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of various oxidants and antioxidants on the p38-MAPK signalling pathway in the perfused amphibian heart.
|
We investigated the effects of different antioxidants such as L-ascorbic acid, catalase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD), on the p38-MAPK activation induced by oxidative stress in the isolated perfused amphibian heart. Oxidative stress was exemplified by perfusing hearts with 30 microM H(2)O(2) for 5 min or with the enzymatic system of xanthine/xanthine oxidase (200 microM/10 mU/ml, respectively) for 10 min. H(2)O(2)-induced activation of p38-MAPK (7.04 +/- 0.20-fold relative to control values) was totally attenuated by L-ascorbic acid (100 microM) or catalase (150 U/ml). These results were confirmed by immunohistochemical studies in which the phosphorylated form of p38-MAPK was localised in the perinuclear region and dispersedly in the cytoplasm of the ventricular cells during H(2)O(2) treatment, a pattern that was abolished by catalase or L-ascorbic acid. p38-MAPK was also activated (2.34 +/- 0.17-fold) by perfusing amphibian hearts with the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating system of xanthine/xanthine oxidase and this activation sustained in the presence of 150 U/ml catalase (2.16 +/- 0.26-fold), 50 U/ml SOD (2.02 +/- 0.07) or 100 microM L-ascorbic acid (2.18 +/- 0.10), but was suppressed by the combination of 150 U/ml catalase and 50 U/ml SOD. Finally, our studies showed that xanthine/xanthine oxidase induced the phosphorylation of the potent p38-MAPK substrates MAPKAPK2 (3.14 +/- 0.27-fold) and HSP27 (5.32 +/- 0.83-fold), which are implicated in cell protection, and this activation was reduced by the simultaneous use of catalase and SOD.
|
['Amphibians', 'Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Catalase', 'Heart', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Myocardium', 'Oxidants', 'Perfusion', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Signal Transduction', 'Xanthine', 'Xanthine Oxidase', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 16,710,743
|
[['B01.050.150.900.090'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['A07.541'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D12.644.360', 'D12.776.476'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['E05.680'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D03.132.960.938', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.938'], ['D08.811.682.047.928'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Validity assessment of self-reported construction tasks.
|
This study assessed agreement between workers' and observers' daily estimates of exposure to construction work tasks. The ultimate aim was to develop a valid method and instrument for the collection of self-reported data on duration of exposure to a priori identified work tasks for use in characterizing exposure in settings with substantial task variability. Forty-nine shop workers and 52 construction site sheet metal workers were observed for up to 3 full workdays. Observers sampled approximately 25% of each worker's day, recording the work performed from a prespecified list of tasks. Each participant completed a daily questionnaire, indicating the tasks he or she performed that day and time spent on each task. Shop workers tended to specialize in particular tasks, while at the construction site, the workers' tasks reflected substantial day-to-day variability. Agreement between worker and observer estimates was generally better for major shop tasks (with intraclass correlation coefficients [ICCs] ranging from 0.52 to 0.85), than for major construction site tasks (with ICCs ranging from 0.36 to 0.64). Workers tended to overestimate the amount of time spent at tasks of longer duration and to underestimate time spent at short-duration tasks. Rank order analysis of time spent on task revealed fairly high agreement. Agreement was acceptable for shop-based work, which has less day-to-day variability than construction site work. Overall, however, the data suggest that, for highly variable work, the use of task as the unit of exposure does not improve recall over assessment approaches focusing on questions about posture and material handling.
|
['Adult', 'Humans', 'Metallurgy', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Workload']
| 20,349,389
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576.655.875.400'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of corn processing method and corn wet distillers grains plus solubles inclusion level in finishing steers.
|
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of corn processing method and corn wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS) level on steer performance and metabolism. In Exp. 1, 480 crossbred steer calves (314 +/- 18 kg of BW) were used in a finishing experiment with a randomized complete block design and a 3 x 4 treatment structure. Diets were based on dry-rolled (DRC), high-moisture (HMC), or steam-flaked corn (SFC) with increasing levels of WDGS (0, 15, 27.5, or 40%; DM basis). A corn processing x WDGS level interaction (P < 0.01) was observed for ADG and G:F. Average daily gain and G:F increased linearly (P < 0.01) in steers fed DRC; ADG increased quadratically (P = 0.04) and G:F increased linearly (P = 0.02) in steers fed HMC; and ADG decreased quadratically (P = 0.02) with no change in G:F (P = 0.52) in steers fed SFC as WDGS increased. In Exp. 2, 7 ruminally fistulated steers (440 +/- 41 kg of BW) were used in a 6-period crossover design with 3 x 2 factorial treatment structure. Diets were the same as those fed in Exp. 1, except they contained only 2 levels of WDGS (0 or 40% of diet DM). Total tract starch digestibility was greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed SFC than for steers fed DRC or HMC. Minimum ruminal pH was less (P < 0.01) for steers fed SFC than for steers fed HMC or DRC. Variance of ruminal pH was different among all 3 processing methods with DRC < HMC < SFC (P < 0.10). In situ 22-h DM digestibility of DRC and HMC and starch digestibility of DRC were greater (P < 0.10) in steers fed DRC compared with steers fed HMC or SFC. Steers fed 0% WDGS had less (P < or = 0.02) intake of DM, OM, NDF, and ether extract compared with steers fed 40% WDGS. Total tract digestibility of DM and OM was greater (P < or = 0.08) and digestibility of ether extract tended (P = 0.11) to be less for steers fed 0% WDGS compared with steers fed 40% WDGS. Maximum ruminal pH and pH variance were greater (P < or = 0.08) in steers fed 0% WDGS. A corn processing x WDGS level interaction (P = 0.09) was observed for ruminal acetate to propionate ratio (A:P). Within diets containing 0% WDGS, A:P in steers fed SFC was less (P < or = 0.08). In diets containing 40% WDGS, A:P was similar between processing methods and not different from the SFC with 0% WDGS. The corn processing x WDGS level interaction observed in the finishing experiment may be due to the decreased ruminal A:P in DRC and HMC diets with 40% WDGS.
|
['Acetates', 'Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Cattle', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Digestion', 'Male', 'Propionates', 'Random Allocation', 'Rumen', 'Zea mays']
| 19,542,508
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['A13.869.804'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Knowledge, behavior, and attitudes toward sex among adolescent students at a junior/high school in Cote d'Ivoire].
|
OBJECTIVES: To be able to provide appropriate information about sex to adolescent students in the Cote D'Ivoire, we conducted a study to determine knowledge, behavior, and attitudes toward sex.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study at a junior/high school using a self-administered questionnaire which contained students' characteristics (age, sex, grade, tribe, region), their knowledge about sex, sexual behavior (including experience of sex and contraception), and attitudes toward sex. Knowledge about sex and proportions employing contraception were compared between males and females and between the lower and the upper grades. We also examined associations between attitudes toward sex and contraception.RESULTS: A total of 695 (males: 278, females: 417) students filled in our questionnaire (response rate: 33.1%). The proportion of the students who had experienced sex was 84.2% for males, 46.5% for females, and the average age of the first sex was 14.3 and 15.6 years in males and females, respectively the proportions using contraception was 49.6% and 46.9%. In students of the lower grades, males had greater knowledge than females, but this difference was reduced with progression through the upper grades. The proportion using contraception in the upper grades was also higher and an association between attitude toward sex and contraception was clear.CONCLUSION: Adolescent students' knowledge, behavior, and attitudes toward sex could be relatively easily investigated at a junior/high school of Cote D'Ivoire. The majority of males and half of the females in this setting already had experience of sexual intercourse. The study showed that difference in sexual knowledge between males and females shrunk with increase in school grade. We also showed an association between attitude toward sex and contraception.
|
['Adolescent', "Cote d'Ivoire", 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychology, Adolescent', 'Sex', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 11,268,622
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['Z01.058.290.190.272'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.096.628.065'], ['G08.686.810'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Incidence and changes in mitral regurgitation in balloon valvotomy of the mitral valve. A color Doppler study].
|
The objective of the work was a detailed examination of the incidence and changes of mitral regurgitation (MR) in conjunction with percutaneous transluminal valvotomy of the mitral valve (VMCH). Using coloured Doppler mapping, the authors examined a total of 40 patients before and in the course of one week after VMCH. They assessed the number of regurgitation jets the site of their development, the timing and haemodynamic impact of MR. Knowing the site of development of MR, the authors were able to assess whether the regurgitation after VMCH persisted, developed de novo or disappeared. The total number of mitral regurgitation increased after VMCH from 38 to 51 (increase by 34%, p < 0.05) with a significant rise of the number of double regurgitation jets (4 before as compared with 12 after VMCH, p < 0.05). Before VMCH the authors recorded a holocystic MR in 53%, after VMCH in 86% of the patients (p < 0.01). While before VMCH almost half the regurgitation jets originated in the central portion of the valve, after VMCH MR originated mainly from the area of commissures (48% regurgitation jets before, 79% after VMCH, p < 0.01). Only in 33% of MR after VMCH persisting regurgitation was involved, almost half (47%) of 38 regurgitation jets present before VMCH, disappeared after valvulotomy. MR displays a considerable variability. This may be one of the reasons why prediction of the development and severity of MR after PTMV is difficult.
|
['Catheterization', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve Insufficiency']
| 1,477,867
|
[['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.484.461']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Jolkinolide B induces neuroendocrine differentiation of human prostate LNCaP cancer cell line.
|
Euphorbia fischeriana is a Chinese herbal medicine which has been reported to possess chemotherapeutic effects, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. In order to understand its possible anti-tumor property, we have isolated a number of chemical compounds from the roots of this plant [Phytochemistry 52 (1999) 117] and studied their in vitro effects by using human prostate LNCaP cancer cell line. Among the six compounds tested, jolkinolide B exhibited the most potent anti-proliferative activity (IC(50)=12.5 microg/mL=40 microM) and it inhibited DNA synthesis by down-regulating bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation in LNCaP cells in a dose-dependent manner. Jolkinolide B, at concentrations up to 25 microg/mL, induced G1 arrest and neuroendocrine differentiation of LNCaP cells. Immunoblotting analysis confirmed the increased expression of neuroendocrine markers, keratin 8/18 (K8/18) and neuron specific enolase (NSE), in these cells. Apoptotic bodies and DNA fragmentation were observed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry when the cells were exposed to a concentration higher than 25 microg/mL jolkinolide B. Taken all data together, jolkinolide B seems to play a role in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of LNCaP cells.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Survival', 'Diterpenes', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Neurosecretory Systems', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 11,911,847
|
[['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['G04.144'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.346'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A06.688', 'A08.713'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alfentanil infusions: relationship between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in man.
|
Fourteen fit young patients undergoing body surface surgery received an infusion of alfentanil at either 50 or 100 micrograms kg-1 hr-1 to supplement nitrous oxide anaesthesia. The alfentanil infusion was continued for two hours post-operatively at the lower rate of 20 micrograms kg-1 hr-1. Resting ventilation, carbon dioxide responsiveness and pain scores were measured post-operatively. Values for clearance and elimination half life were similar to data following single doses of alfentanil but showed considerable interindividual variation. However, there was a greater systemic clearance (P = 0.02) when determined using the post-infusion decay data compared with that calculated during anaesthesia (527 ml min-1 compared with 434 ml min-1). This is in accord with observations for other intravenous drugs.
|
['Adult', 'Alfentanil', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Female', 'Fentanyl', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Respiration', 'Tidal Volume']
| 2,885,190
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.621.265.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['D03.383.621.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900.350.750', 'G09.772.850.970.500.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic Architecture of Gene Expression in European and African Americans: An eQTL Mapping Study in GENOA.
|
Most existing expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping studies have been focused on individuals of European ancestry and are underrepresented in other populations including populations with African ancestry. Lack of large-scale well-powered eQTL mapping studies in populations with African ancestry can both impede the dissemination of eQTL mapping results that would otherwise benefit individuals with African ancestry and hinder the comparable analysis for understanding how gene regulation is shaped through evolution. We fill this critical knowledge gap by performing a large-scale in-depth eQTL mapping study on 1,032 African Americans (AA) and 801 European Americans (EA) in the GENOA cohort. We identified a total of 354,931 eSNPs in AA and 371,309 eSNPs in EA, with 112,316 eSNPs overlapped between the two. We found that eQTL harboring genes (eGenes) are enriched in metabolic pathways and tend to have higher SNP heritability compared to non-eGenes. We found that eGenes that are common in the two populations tend to be less conserved than eGenes that are unique to one population, which are less conserved than non-eGenes. Through conditional analysis, we found that eGenes in AA tend to harbor more independent eQTLs than eGenes in EA, suggesting potentially diverse genetic architecture underlying expression variation in the two populations. Finally, the large sample sizes in GENOA allow us to construct accurate expression prediction models in both AA and EA, facilitating powerful transcriptome-wide association studies. Overall, our results represent an important step toward revealing the genetic architecture underlying expression variation in African Americans.
|
['African Americans', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cohort Studies', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Quantitative Trait Loci', 'Transcriptome']
| 32,220,292
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['E05.393.183'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.308'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Decreased serum thyroglobulin levels in the late stage of pregnancy.
|
Serum thyroglobulin levels were serially measured in 25 normal pregnant women to evaluate thyroidal activity during normal pregnancy. Measurements included serum T3, T4, free T4, TBG, and TSH. Tg and FT4 levels were found to be decreased in the third trimester when compared with those of the first trimester and with those of normal non-pregnant individuals (P less than 0.01). TSH levels were higher than normal in pregnant women at all stages of pregnancy, with a significant rise at the third trimester. These findings suggest the presence of a subclinical hypothyroid state in the late stage of normal pregnancy.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Thyroglobulin', 'Thyrotropin', 'Thyroxine', 'Thyroxine-Binding Proteins', 'Triiodothyronine']
| 3,098,016
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['D12.776.377.856', 'D12.776.395.768', 'D12.776.486.706'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D12.776.124.885', 'D12.776.157.785', 'D12.776.395.832'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early relapse risk after a first CNS inflammatory demyelination episode: examining international consensus definitions.
|
The International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group (IPMS) has recently proposed consensus definitions for paediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) and related disorders. The term 'acute disseminated encephalomyelitis' (ADEM) has been used previously to describe any monophasic episode of disseminated demyelination. The study group now propose that ADEM must be multifocal, polysymptomatic, and include encephalopathy (as an essential requirement). An alternative diagnosis for a first acute inflammatory event is 'clinically isolated syndrome' (CIS). A CIS event may be either monofocal (such as isolated optic neuritis) or multifocal, but cannot include encephalopathy. As with adults, children with two or more discrete demyelinating events separated in time and space meet criteria for MS. In children with MS, the demyelination events must not meet ADEM criteria. To test the usefulness of these new criteria, a new cohort of 40 patients (18 males, 22 females; mean age 8 y [SD 4 y 4 mo]) with central nervous system (CNS) demyelination were studied. Using IPMS definitions, the presenting diagnosis was ADEM in 12 patients and CIS in 28 patients. At presentation, patients with CIS were more likely to have intrathecal synthesis of oligoclonal bands and fulfil KIDMUS MS magnetic resonance imaging criteria, compared with patients with ADEM (p<0.025). Patients were followed-up for a mean of 2 years 2 months. Only one of 12 patients with ADEM went on to develop MS during the study period, whereas 13 of 28 patients with CIS relapsed and fulfilled a diagnosis of MS (p<0.025). The new diagnostic criteria for ADEM may be criticized for being overly restrictive (particularly with encephalopathy being an essential criterion), and it is suspected that many practising physicians will be of the opinion that these new criteria will underdiagnose ADEM, and overdiagnose MS at the expense of multiphasic ADEM. However, it is hoped that these new criteria may improve prognostic specificity and provide uniformity to future paediatric CNS demyelination research.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Consensus', 'Demyelinating Diseases', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'International Cooperation', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Myelin Sheath', 'Recurrence', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors']
| 18,039,234
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A08.186.211'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.829.316.068', 'F02.463.785.373.433'], ['C10.314'], ['E01.171'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['I01.615.500'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['A08.637.600.500', 'A08.637.800.500', 'A08.675.542.512.560', 'A08.800.800.690.500', 'A10.755.503', 'A11.284.149.165.600', 'A11.650.600.500', 'A11.650.800.500', 'A11.671.501.512.560', 'A11.671.514.553'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Chlorogenic acid differentially alters hepatic and small intestinal thiol redox status without protecting against azoxymethane-induced colon carcinogenesis in mice.
|
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Epidemiological data have suggested that coffee consumption is inversely related to CRC risk, which may be attributed to chlorogenic acid (CGA), an ester of caffeic acid (CA) and quinic acid. This study was conducted to determine whether chronic dietary CGA supplementation would attenuate tumorigenesis and oxidative stress in a mouse model of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colon cancer. Mice (4-wk old; n = 15/group) were fed CGA (0%, 0.01%, or 0.1%) for 20 wk and received 6 weekly intraperitoneal AOM injections (10 mg/kg). CGA and CA dose-dependently accumulated in the small intestinal mucosa. AOM induced (P < 0.05) colonic aberrant crypt foci (14.2 +/- 1.9/field) and tumors (14.6 +/- 1.1/colon), which were correlated (r = .677; P < 0.05), and CGA at either dose did not reduce tumorigenesis. Hepatic GSH/GSSG and Cys/CySS ratios were unaffected by AOM, but CGA at 0.1% increased these ratios by decreasing GSSG and CySS. CGA did not affect the ratios of small intestinal GSH/GSSG or Cys/CySS, which were decreased in response to AOM treatment. Collectively, these data indicated that CGA did not protect against AOM-induced tumorigenesis but affected hepatic thiol redox status in this colon cancer model.
|
['Animals', 'Azoxymethane', 'Body Weight', 'Chlorogenic Acid', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Eating', 'Glutathione', 'Intestine, Small', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Precancerous Conditions', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds']
| 20,358,474
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.172.080'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D02.241.223.200.185', 'D02.241.223.268.220'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['C04.834'], ['D02.886.489']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Host components required for the replication of the resistance plasmid R124 and a copy mutant derivative.
|
The replication of R124, and a copy mutant derivative of it, was measured with respect to dependence on the host DnaA, DnaB, DnaC, DnaE, DnaG, and PolA gene products. Both plasmids replicated under conditions where the DnaA gene product was inactivated or where the polymerising activity of the PolA gene product was reduced. In contrast, neither plasmid replicated to any appreciable extent, if the DnaB, DnaC, DnaE or DnaG gene products were inactivated. R124 integratively suppressed the lesion of the dnaA mutant but the copy mutant derivative had only a very weak suppressing effect. Neither plasmid suppressed the lesions of any of the other dna mutants.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'DNA Replication', 'Escherichia coli', 'Mutation', 'R Factors', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Salmonella typhimurium', 'Suppression, Genetic', 'Temperature']
| 6,990,641
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.600.600'], ['G05.728'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.825', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.760'], ['G05.365.590.835', 'G05.558.835'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Transrectal Doppler sonography of uterine and umbilical blood flow during pregnancy in mares.
|
Transrectal color Doppler sonography was used to investigate uterine and umbilical blood flow during pregnancy (duration, 46-48 weeks) in four mares. The resistance index (RI) and blood flow volume (VOL) of the uterine arteries ipsilateral and contralateral to the conceptus, and the presence of an early diastolic notch in the Doppler wave, were evaluated every 4 week throughout pregnancy. Fetal blood flow was calculated semiquantitatively every 2 week (from 20 to 40 weeks), using the RI of the umbilical arteries. During the entire period of investigation, there were no significant individual variations in uterine RI and VOL nor differences between the two uterine arteries. Mean RI decreased by more than half during pregnancy from 0.89 +/- 0.01 to 0.39 +/- 0.03, and mean VOL increased almost 400-fold from 69 +/- 37 to 27,467 +/- 8851 ml/min. There were relationships (P<0.0001) between week of pregnancy (x) and RI as well as VOL. These were described by the equations RI=0.938-0.150 ln(x) and VOL (ml/min)=7.621x(2.157). Log transformed total estrogen (TE) were related to RI (r=-0.879; P<0.05) as well as to VOL (r=0.888; P<0.05). The notch in the Doppler wave of the uterine artery disappeared between 18 and 26 weeks. There was a correlation (P<0.0001) between week of gestation (x) and RI values of the umbilical arteries; this was described by the equation RI=1.763-0.071x+0.001x2. Further studies are needed to determine whether transrectal color Doppler sonography could be used to identify mares at risk of abortion.
|
['Animals', 'Arteries', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Diastole', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Horses', 'Pregnancy', 'Rectum', 'Reference Values', 'Regression Analysis', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Umbilical Arteries', 'Uterus', 'Vascular Resistance']
| 14,662,147
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['A07.015.114.929', 'A16.378.693.641'], ['A05.360.319.679'], ['G09.330.380.921']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
CVLT recognition-recall discrepancies and retrieval deficits. A comment on Wilde et al (1995)
|
The methodological procedures employed by the authors are inappropriate for their data. Even when the results of the statistical analyses are taken at face value, the interpretation that there is no difference between the Discrepancy and Nondiscrepancy group is unsustainable, and the authors' conclusions that retrieval deficits do not underlie recognition-recall discrepancies is unwarranted. Therefore, the Wilde et al. study can not be taken as an adequate test of this issue. The interpretation of recall-recognition discrepancies as retrieval deficits should continue to be regarded as very plausible. What stands out as a robust result of the Wilde et al. study is the significantly greater heterogeneity of the Nondiscrepancy group as compared with the Discrepancy group, although this may well be a selection artifact, given a similar difference in the grouping variables. Regardless of whether this is the case, it underscores the necessity of greater attention to distributional problems, either by applying more stringent selection criteria or by using nonparametric statistical methods.
|
['Cognition', 'Discrimination, Psychological', 'Humans', 'Mental Recall', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales']
| 9,071,648
|
[['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.593.257'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.513.653']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The interaction of human natural killer cells with either unpolarized or polarized macrophages results in different functional outcomes.
|
The cross-talk among cells of the innate immunity can greatly affect both innate and adaptive responses. Here we analyzed the molecular interactions between human natural killer (NK) cells and autologous macrophages. Activated NK cells killed M0 and M2, whereas M1 macrophages were more resistant to lysis because of their higher expression of HLA class I molecules. Following exposure to LPS or bacillus Calmette-Gu?rin, M0 and M2, but not polarized (endotoxin tolerant) M1 macrophages, induced strong activation of resting NK cells. The expression of CD69 and CD25 activation markers and the acquisition of cytotoxicity against tumor cells and immature dendritic cells required soluble factors being mostly contact independent. On the contrary, IFN-ã production was contact dependent and required the interaction of DNAM-1 and 2B4 (on NK) with their ligands on macrophages as well as IL-18. IL-18 was involved also in the acquisition of CCR7 by NK cells. Interestingly, M0 and M2 cells expressed a membrane-bound form of IL-18, which was released in small amounts after LPS treatment. Our data indicate that, upon interaction with M0 macrophages exposed to microbial products, NK cells may amplify classical type 1 immune responses. In addition, M1-polarizing stimuli can rescue M2 macrophages from their immunomodulatory state and shape their functional behavior toward NK stimulatory capability.
|
['Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'Cell Polarity', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Cytokines', 'Genes, MHC Class I', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit', 'K562 Cells', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Macrophages', 'Receptors, CCR7']
| 21,118,979
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['G04.250'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.610.595', 'G05.360.340.024.380.500.595', 'G12.500.500.595'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.320.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.160.150.700', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.125.150.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Integration of multi-technology on oil spill emergency preparedness.
|
This paper focuses on the integration of technologies including Case-Based Reasoning (CBR), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for establishing emergency preparedness for oil spill accidents. In CBR, the Frame method is used to define case representation, and the HEOM (Heterogeneous Euclidean-Overlap Metric) is improved to define the similarity of case properties. In GA, we introduce an Improved Genetic Algorithm (IGA) that achieves case adaptation, in which technologies include the Multi-Parameter Cascade Code method, the Small Section method for generation of an initial population, the Multi-Factor Integrated Fitness Function, and Niche technology for genetic operations including selection, crossover, and mutation. In ANN, a modified back-propagation algorithm is employed to train the algorithm to quickly improve system preparedness. Through the analysis of 32 fabricated oil spill cases, an oil spill emergency preparedness system based on the integration of CBR, GA and ANN is introduced. In particular, the development of ANN is presented and analyzed. The paper also discusses the efficacy of our integration approach.
|
['Algorithms', 'Civil Defense', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Petroleum Pollution']
| 22,850,189
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['I01.451.227'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['N06.850.460.660']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A Danish Twin Study of Schizophrenia Liability: Investigation from Interviewed Twins for Genetic Links to Affective Psychoses and for Cross-Cohort Comparisons.
|
We studied schizophrenia liability in a Danish population-based sample of 44 twin pairs (13 MZ, 31 DZ, SS plus OS) in order to replicate previous twin study findings using contemporary diagnostic criteria, to examine genetic liability shared between schizophrenia and other disorders, and to explore whether variance in schizophrenia liability attributable to environmental factors may have decreased with successive cohorts exposed to improvements in public health. ICD-10 diagnoses were determined by clinical interview. Although the best-fitting, most parsimonious biometric model of schizophrenia liability specified variance attributable to additive genetic and non-shared environmental factors, this model did not differ significantly from a model that also included non-additive genetic factors, consistent with recent interview-based twin studies. Schizophrenia showed strong genetic links to other psychotic disorders but much less so for the broader category of psychiatric disorders in general. We also observed a marginally significant decline in schizophrenia variance attributable to environmental factors over successive Western European cohorts, consistent perhaps with improvements in diagnosis and in prenatal and perinatal care and with a secular decline in the prevalence of schizophrenia in that region.
|
['Adult', 'Affective Disorders, Psychotic', 'Cohort Studies', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Schizophrenia', 'Twins', 'Twins, Dizygotic', 'Twins, Monozygotic', 'Young Adult']
| 26,538,243
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.700.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F03.700.750'], ['M01.438.873'], ['M01.438.873.920'], ['M01.438.873.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Solventless oxidative coupling of amines to imines by using transition-metal-free metal-organic frameworks.
|
A highly efficient, simple, and versatile transition-metal-free metal-organic framework catalytic system is proposed for the oxidative coupling of amines to imines. The catalytic protocol features high activities and selectivities to target products; compatibility with a variety of substrates, including aliphatic amines and secondary amines; and the possibility to efficiently and selectively promote amine cross-coupling reactions. A high stability and recyclability of the catalyst is also observed under the investigated conditions. Insights into the reaction mechanism indicate the formation of a superoxide species able to efficiently promote oxidative couplings.
|
['Aluminum', 'Amines', 'Catalysis', 'Coordination Complexes', 'Imines', 'Oxidative Coupling']
| 24,801,486
|
[['D01.268.557.050', 'D01.552.547.050'], ['D02.092'], ['G02.130'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['D02.491'], ['G02.607.765', 'G02.700.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antipsychotic binding to the dopamine-3 receptor in humans: A PET study with [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO.
|
BACKGROUND: All currently available antipsychotic medications bind to both the dopamine-2 (D2) and dopamine-3 (D3) receptors in vitro. However, there is conflicting evidence from in vivo studies about whether or not antipsychotic medications bind to the D3 receptor (D3R). The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute doses of risperidone bind to the D3R in humans.METHODS: We performed PET scans on an mCT scanner with [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO injected as a bolus, before and after a 2mg oral dose of risperidone in five medication free subjects with schizophrenia. The subjects were scanned for 120min and underwent an MRI scan for region of interest delineation and coregistration. Cerebellum was used as a reference region. Simplified reference tissue modeling (SRTM) was used to calculate BPND.RESULTS: We observed binding to the D3R receptor by risperidone as evidenced by observable occupancy in regions in which the [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO signal is almost exclusively from the D3R (i.e., substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area). Using a regression model to estimate D2R:D3R selectivity, we observed a D2R:D3R selectivity of 2.1 for risperidone.CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results provide further support that acute doses of antipsychotic medications bind to the D3R and provide additional support for the further development of this receptor as a treatment target in schizophrenia.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxazines', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Protein Binding', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Receptors, Dopamine D3', 'Schizophrenia']
| 26,190,300
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.533'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500.249', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500.249'], ['F03.700.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical significance and positive correlation of FoxM1 and Her-2 expression in gastric cancer.
|
The transcription factor forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) and tyrosine kinase receptor Her-2, aberrantly expressing in various kinds of human malignancies, are closely related to the development of cancer. However, the correlation of them is still little explored, especially in gastric cancer. In current study, we examined FoxM1 and Her-2 levels in gastric cancers, and the clinical significance and association of them were further explored. As a result, FoxM1 and Her-2 expression were significantly higher in gastric cancer compared with para-cancer tissues and gastric cell lines (P < 0.01), while a positive association was found between the two genes at both RNA and protein levels (P = 0.007, P = 0.025). No significant association was observed between FoxM1 expression and clinic-pathological parameters (P > 0.1), whereas the positive frequency of Her-2 correlated with TNM stage significantly (P = 0.045). In addition, multivariate analysis showed Her-2 was not a prognostic predictor in gastric cancer (P = 0.625), while FoxM1 was independently associated with prognosis (P = 0.001), which especially affected the survival in patients with advanced stage (P < 0.01). These results suggest that FoxM1 and Her-2 are important diagnostic markers for gastric cancer, and FoxM1 is a favorable prognostic indicator in gastric cancer. FoxM1 may be a potential cellular target for therapeutic intervention, especially in Her2-targeted therapy-resistant cancers.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Forkhead Box Protein M1', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Transcriptome']
| 24,101,296
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101'], ['D12.776.260.950.249.063', 'D12.776.930.977.249.063'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term survival of patients downstaged by oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil combination followed by rescue surgery for unresectable colorectal liver metastases.
|
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate long-term survival of patients resected for primarily unresectable colorectal liver metastases downstaged by systemic chemotherapy.METHODS: Among a group of 82 patients with advanced colorectal cancer, 39 had unresectable liver metastases. After treatment with systemic 3-weekly 5FU/folinic acid/oxaliplatin chemotherapy, the outcome of 11 patients made resectable thanks to chemotherapy was compared to that of 28 patients who were not. Criteria for non-resectability consisted of diffuse bilobar invasion with inability to achieve complete resection, unilobar or bilobar invasion plus vascular extension (invasion of inferior vena cava or 2 supra-hepatic veins plus continuity with the 3rd) or involvment of hepatic pedicle. Before and after surgery, CT scan evaluation was performed every 2 months. Progression free survival was defined as the time between starting chemotherapy and recurrence of the disease. We used Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank test for comparisons, P values were two-sided and considered significant if<0.05.RESULTS: Progression free survival times were 14 and 6 months, median overall survival were 60 and 18.5 months, respectively, in favour of secondary resected subjects.CONCLUSION: Considering the magnitude of the survival benefit, one may question the need and feasibility for trials to assess more formally the impact of surgery in that setting.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organoplatinum Compounds', 'Oxaliplatin', 'Survival Rate', 'Time Factors']
| 17,211,331
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E02.186'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.788'], ['D02.257.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The molecular mechanism of EGF receptor activation in pancreatic beta-cells by thyrotropin-releasing hormone.
|
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its receptor subtype TRH receptor-1 (TRHR1) are found in pancreatic beta-cells, and it has been shown that TRH might have potential for autocrine/paracrine regulation through the TRHR1 receptor. In this paper, TRHR1 is studied to find whether it can initiate multiple signal transduction pathways to activate the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor in pancreatic beta-cells. By initiating TRHR1 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and dissociated alphabetagamma-complex, TRH (200 nM) activates tyrosine residues at Tyr845 (a known target for Src) and Tyr1068 in the EGF receptor complex of an immortalized mouse beta-cell line, betaTC-6. Through manipulating the activation of Src, PKC, and heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF), with corresponding individual inhibitors and activators, multiple signal transduction pathways linking TRH to EGF receptors in betaTC-6 cell line have been revealed. The pathways include the activation of Src kinase and the release of HB-EGF as a consequence of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 activation. Alternatively, TRH inhibited PKC activity by reducing the EGF receptor serine/threonine phosphorylation, thereby enhancing tyrosine phosphorylation. TRH receptor activation of Src may have a central role in mediating the effects of TRH on the EGF receptor. The activation of the EGF receptor by TRH in multiple circumstances may have important implications for pancreatic beta-cell biology.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'GTP-Binding Protein beta Subunits', 'Gene Expression', 'Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Pyrimidines', 'Receptors, Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Signal Transduction', 'Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Tyrosine', 'src-Family Kinases']
| 16,603,724
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D12.644.360.360.520', 'D12.776.157.325.332.520', 'D12.776.476.375.520', 'D12.776.543.325.450'], ['G05.297'], ['D12.644.276.382.625', 'D12.776.467.382.625', 'D23.529.382.625'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['E05.599.395'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.600.860', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.860', 'D12.776.543.750.750.700.840'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.880', 'D12.644.400.400.740.880', 'D12.644.456.837', 'D12.644.548.365.740.880', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.880', 'D12.776.631.650.810'], ['D12.125.072.050.875'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum markers in diagnostics of steatohepatitis.
|
Along with the increasing incidence and prevalence of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, the number of patients with its hepatic manifestation - NAFL, characterized by triglyceride storage in liver, is rising. NAFL (non-alcoholic fatty liver) is now, with the prevalence of 40 %, the most common liver disease in Western countries. Despite that NAFL has usually no symptoms and in most patients, it is diagnosed as an incidental finding by abdominal ultra-sound, every third of these patients develops NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), resulting in an individual progression of the sequence of fibrosis - cirrhosis - hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to the fact, that NASH is, along with the cardiovascular causes, involved in liver-related mortality of patients with the metabolic syndrome, from clinical view, it is fundamental to distinguish between benign NAFL and potentially progressive NASH. This appears even more serious realizing that patients with NASH are being often underdiagnosed because of limited indications of liver biopsy, a common diagnostically gold standard. This work emphasizes the relationship between metabolic syndrome and liver disease and presents the main diagnostic possibilities of NAFL/NASH, the most dealing with serum markers. It is based on a research, using the PubMed database and putting the key words as search terms. Considering the huge number of patients diagnosed with fatty liver, a non-invasive, widely approachable method should be established, to make the diagnostic and staging of progression of NASH broadly possible. A new method using LCMS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis of serum lipids now fulfils these criteria, having high enough specificity and sensitivity, and have also been validated by comparing with a large cohort of patients diagnosed with liver biopsy.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Fatty Liver', 'Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease']
| 31,635,469
|
[['D23.101'], ['C06.552.241'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['C06.552.241.519']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A dynamical systems perspective on chimeric antigen receptor T-cell dosing.
|
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells) are dosed similarly to donor lymphocyte infusions following hematopoietic cell transplantation. However, the mechanism driving proliferation in CAR T cells is distinct from conventional T cells. As such there are quantitative differences in the antigen response of these engineered cells when compared with conventional T cells. In this perspective paper the logistic equation of growth is used to develop a mathematical basis for understanding the difference between CAR T cell and conventional T cell response to antigen burden.
|
['Humans', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell', 'Receptors, Chimeric Antigen']
| 30,171,224
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824'], ['D12.776.543.750.655.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.150', 'D12.776.826.387.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
3-Bromoacetylamino benzoylurea (3-BAABU), a new antimicrotubule cancericidal agent applied in cytogenetic analysis in hematology.
|
3-Bromoacetylamino benzoylurea (3-BAABU) is a newly synthesized antimicrotubule cancericidal compound. In the present study, we investigated the possibility of using 3-BAABU as a mitotic blocking agent for hematologic karyotyping. Treatment with 3-BAABU caused scattering of metaphase chromosomes throughout the cytoplasm both in phytohemagglutinine (PHA)-stimulated human lymphocytes and in human leukemic cells. Kinetic showed a rapid uptake of 3-BAABU by treated cells and irreversibility of its effect. Using 3-BAABU in routine procedure, a karyotype of lymphocytes from a normal male was 46, XY, with normal structure and CEM leukemic line was 85, XX, in a representative spread with abnormalities similar to reports using other blocking agents. Using 3-BAABU in spectral karyotyping, details of translocations in CEM leukemic cells were readily detected in several chromosomes, such as 7 [t(7;11)], 8 [t(8;9)], 9 [t(8;9) & t(9;19)], 11 [t(7;11)], 16 [t(16;18;20)] and 20 [t(1;20)]. 3-BAABU displayed two important characters in cytogenetics, 1) it caused dispersion of chromosomes, avoiding chance of overlap; 2) compared to the conventional mitotic blocking agent, vinblastine sulfate, 3-BAABU exhibited much gentle effect on chromosomes, thus providing more flexibility in time to perform karyotyping.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Chromosomes, Human', 'Cytogenetics', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Humans', 'Karyotyping', 'Kinetics', 'Leukemia, T-Cell', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Microtubules', 'Mitosis', 'Translocation, Genetic', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Urea']
| 9,755,827
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.284.187.520.300', 'G05.360.162.520.300'], ['H01.158.273.343.180'], ['G05.200.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C04.557.337.428.580', 'C15.604.515.560.575', 'C20.683.515.528.582'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
PM 2.5 collected in a residential area induced Th1-type inflammatory responses with oxidative stress in mice.
|
Epidemiologists have tried to establish an association between human health and exposure to particulate matter (PM). In addition, many researchers have investigated the adverse effects of PM as a trigger of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. It is known that a number of environmental contaminants are attached to PM and the toxicity of PM may depend on the sources. We investigated the effects of PM collected in a residential area of Seoul on the immunotoxic responses including cytokine production in BAL fluid and in blood after a single intratracheal instillation in mice with the characterization of physico-chemical properties of PM 2.5 samples. As results, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, TNF-á, and IL-6), Th0-type cytokine (IL-2), and Th1-type cytokines (IL-12 and IFN-ã) were increased by a dose-dependent manner. Cell infiltration in the alveolar area and phagocytosis by macrophage was observed until day 28 after instillation. The expressions of oxidative stress-related genes (HSP 1a, HSP 8, and SOD) and tissue damage-related genes (MMP-15, -19, and Slpi) were time-dependently increased. PM 2.5 also induced an increase of T cell distribution in lymphocyte and decreased the CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Based on the results, we suggest that PM 2.5 collected in a residential area of Seoul may induce Th1 type-inflammatory responses with oxidative stress and trigger adverse effects in human health.
|
['Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cities', 'Cytokines', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Korea', 'Lung Diseases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Particle Size', 'Particulate Matter', 'Th1 Cells']
| 21,256,479
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['G04.144'], ['G16.500.275.069', 'N06.230.069', 'Z01.433'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E05.393.332'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['Z01.252.474.557', 'Z01.586.407'], ['C08.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G02.712'], ['D20.633'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.900', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.900', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Antiproliferative effects of CDK4/6 inhibition in CDK4-amplified human liposarcoma in vitro and in vivo.
|
Well-differentiated/dedifferentiated liposarcomas (WD/DDLPS) are among the most common subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas. Conventional systemic chemotherapy has limited efficacy and novel therapeutic strategies are needed to achieve better outcomes for patients. The cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) gene is highly amplified in more than 95% of WD/DDLPS. In this study, we explored the role of CDK4 and the effects of NVP-LEE011 (LEE011), a novel selective inhibitor of CDK4/CDK6, on a panel of human liposarcoma cell lines and primary tumor xenografts. We found that both CDK4 knockdown by siRNA and inhibition by LEE011 diminished retinoblastoma (RB) phosphorylation and dramatically decreased liposarcoma cell growth. Cell-cycle analysis demonstrated arrest at G0-G1. siRNA-mediated knockdown of RB rescued the inhibitory effects of LEE011, demonstrating that LEE011 decreased proliferation through RB. Oral administration of LEE011 to mice bearing human liposarcoma xenografts resulted in approximately 50% reduction in tumor (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake with decreased tumor biomarkers, including RB phosphorylation and bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in vivo. Continued treatment inhibited tumor growth or induced regression without detrimental effects on mouse weight. After prolonged continuous dosing, reestablishment of RB phosphorylation and cell-cycle progression was noted. These findings validate the critical role of CDK4 in maintaining liposarcoma proliferation through its ability to inactivate RB function, and suggest its potential function in the regulation of survival and metabolism of liposarcoma, supporting the rationale for clinical development of LEE011 for the treatment of WD/DDLPS.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6', 'Female', 'Gene Dosage', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Liposarcoma', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Phosphorylation', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Retinoblastoma Protein']
| 25,028,469
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G04.144'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.875', 'D12.644.360.250.451', 'D12.776.167.200.451', 'D12.776.476.250.451'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.937', 'D12.644.360.250.515', 'D12.776.167.200.515', 'D12.776.476.250.515'], ['G05.380.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.450.550.420', 'C04.557.450.795.465'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.260.704', 'D12.776.624.776.745', 'D12.776.660.807', 'D12.776.744.770']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic ethanol intake modifies renin-angiotensin system-regulating aminopeptidase activities in mouse cerebellum.
|
In developing cerebellum, where critical periods of vulnerability have been established for several basic substances, it has been extensively studied the wide array of abnormalities induced by exposure to ethanol (EtOH). However, little is known about the effects of EtOH consumption on cerebellar functions in adult individuals. Several studies show participation in cognitive activities to be concentrated in the lateral cerebellum (hemispheres), whereas basic motor functions such as balance and coordination are represented in the medial parts of the cerebellum (vermis and paravermis). In addition to the circulating renin angiotensin system (RAS), a local system has been postulated in brain. The effector peptides of the RAS are formed via the activity of several aminopeptidases (AP). The present work analyses the effect of chronic EtOH intake on the RAS-regulating AP activities in the soluble and membrane-bound fractions of two cerebellar locations: the hemispheres and the vermis. We hypothesize that cerebellar RAS is involved in basic motor functions rather than in cognitive activities.
|
['Aminopeptidases', 'Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cerebellum', 'Ethanol', 'Glutamyl Aminopeptidase', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Motor Activity', 'Renin-Angiotensin System']
| 15,752,539
|
[['D08.811.277.656.350.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.100.373', 'D08.811.277.656.350.555.600', 'D08.811.277.656.675.555.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interaction between hypericin and hemoglobin.
|
In the present work the hypericin interaction with hemoglobin was studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy both under incubation in dark and visible light exposure. An absorption reduction in Soret band of hemoglobin (407 nm) was revealed under the photodynamic influence and incubation in dark with hypericin that had hypericin concentration and time dependent manner. Hypericin reduced the intensity of the hemoglobin emission peaks at 334 and 421 nm, correlating with hypericin concentration, incubation and irradiation time. An obvious increase in electrophoretic mobility of hemoglobin was observed under the incubation with hypericin. Simultaneously, a partial conversion of hemoglobin to met-hemoglobin and a pH decrease in hemoglobin solution were detected. Structural changes of hemoglobin caused by hypericin were accompanied by a change in peroxidase activity of the protein. Thus under the hypericin influence hemoglobin properties as a hydrogen peroxide detector could be improved and an effective determination of peroxide formation could be achieved. This makes hemoglobin an attractive 'recognition' element for construction of third-generation biosensors.
|
['Hemoglobins', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Light', 'Male', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Perylene', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 20,634,087
|
[['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.149.700', 'D02.455.426.559.847.680.500', 'D04.615.149.700', 'D04.615.680.500'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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