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Financial triage in transfer of trauma patients: a myth or a reality?
|
BACKGROUND: It has been alleged that smaller hospitals transfer out uninsured trauma patients (wallet biopsy), putting the financial burden on major trauma centers.METHODS: We undertook a retrospective analysis of the National Trauma Data Bank to compare patients who received care at major trauma centers after being transferred from another hospital (transfer group, n = 72,900) with patients who received definitive care at a smaller hospital (nontransfer group, n = 6,826).RESULTS: Transfer patients were more likely to be uninsured (18% vs 14%; P < .001), but were more severely injured (Injury Severity Score, 11 +/- 10 vs 7 +/- 7; P < .001), or had multiple injuries. After adjustment for these differences, uninsured patients were no more likely to be transferred than insured ones (odds ratio, .95; 95% confidence interval, .88-1.04; P = .3).CONCLUSIONS: There was no relationship between lack of insurance and likelihood of transfer to a major trauma center.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Injury Severity Score', 'Insurance Coverage', 'Male', 'Medically Uninsured', 'Multiple Trauma', 'Patient Transfer', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Trauma Centers', 'Triage']
| 19,427,626
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875.500', 'E05.944.600', 'N04.452.859.564.800.500', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.265'], ['M01.385'], ['C26.640'], ['E02.760.169.624', 'E02.760.400.630', 'N02.421.585.169.624', 'N02.421.585.400.630', 'N04.590.233.727.210.624'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['N02.421.297.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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|
Generation of reactive oxygen species mediates butein-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.
|
Flavonoids exhibit chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects. Butein, a bioactive flavonoid isolated from numerous native plants, has been shown to induce apoptosis in human cancer cells. In the current study, the molecular mechanisms of butein action on cell proliferation and apoptosis of neuroblastoma cells were evaluated. Treatment with butein decreased the viability of Neuro-2A neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The dose-dependent nature of butein-induced apoptosis was characterized by an increase in the sub-G1 phase population. Treatment with butein significantly increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)levels and reduced the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, triggering the cleavage of pro-caspase 3 and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Pre-treatment with the antioxidant agent, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), blocks butein-induced ROS generation and cell death. NAC also recovers butein-induced apoptosis-related protein alteration. In conclusion, butein-triggered neuroblastoma cells undergo apoptosis via generation of ROS, alteration of the Bcl‑2/Bax ratio, and cleavage of pro-caspase 3 and PARP. Our results suggest that butein may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Antioxidants', 'Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Survival', 'Chalcones', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Mice', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Time Factors', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 22,245,810
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.346'], ['D02.522.818.222', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.221', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.221'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G04.144.109.249', 'G04.144.500.320.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Assembly of a nanoreactor system with confined magnetite core and shell for enhanced Fenton-like catalysis.
|
Conventional solid catalysts for heterogeneous Fenton-like reactions in bulk solution usually suffer from aggregation and vulnerability, which greatly lower the catalytic efficiency and hamper their practical application. Herein, we demonstrate a promising yolk-shell nanostructure with both the core and the shell composed of magnetite (designated as yolk-like Fe3O4@Fe3O4/C) as a nanoreactor capable of accommodating the Fenton-like reaction into its void space. Benefiting from the mesoporous shell and perfect interior cavity of this composite, reactants can access and be abundantly confined within the microenvironment where Fe3O4 sites are dispersed on the entire cavity surfaces, thus leading to a higher catalytic efficiency compared with the conventional solid catalysts in bulk solution. The chosen model reaction of chlorophenols degradation in the presence of the as-prepared materials as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) confirms this assumption. Under the optimal reaction conditions, more than 97 % 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) can be degraded in the Fe3O4@Fe3O4/C nanoreactor, whereas only 28 % can be achieved by using bare Fe3O4 particles within 60 min. Furthermore, owing to the existence of the outermost carbon layer and high-magnetization properties, the nanoreactor can be re-used for several runs. The synthesized nanoreactor displays superior catalytic activity toward the Fenton-like reaction compared with the bare solid catalysts, and thereby holds significant potential for practical application in environmental remediation.
|
['Catalysis', 'Chlorophenols', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Ferrosoferric Oxide', 'Nanostructures']
| 24,737,528
|
[['G02.130'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.261.190', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.190'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D01.490.100.375', 'D01.490.200.350', 'D01.578.285'], ['J01.637.512']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Inhibitory effects of ascorbic acid and folinic acid on chromosome aberrations induced by pyrimethamine in vitro.
|
In this study, the anticlastogenic effects of ascorbic acid and the protective effect of folinic acid against the formation of chromosomal aberrations in humans by pyrimethamine were investigated. Pyrimethamine is a folic acid antagonist used for the treatment of malaria and toxoplasmosis. In this study, 18 different healthy people, who do not drink alcohol and are non-smokers, were chosen as an experimental group; 0.025 mg/ml pyrimethamine was given to the lymphocyte culture, which had been prepared with the peripheral blood taken from this group. After that each of the following doses were given to the same culture: 20, 40, and 80 mM of ascorbic acid and 25, 50, and 100 mM of folinic acid. The results of the cytogenetic evaluation showed that the aberrations due to pyrimethamine in the chromosomes were reduced by ascorbic acid and folinic acid significantly, depending on the given dose.
|
['Ascorbic Acid', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Folic Acid Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Leucovorin', 'Mitosis', 'Pyrimethamine']
| 12,210,498
|
[['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['A11.251'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['D03.383.742.675']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Histological analysis of the Ankylos peri-implant soft tissues in a dog model.
|
PURPOSE: The importance of the soft tissue-implant interface is enhanced by the presence of a microgap between the implant and the abutment, which represents a contamination site for bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the interface between the Ankylos gap-free implant system and the surrounding soft tissues in a dog model.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six Labrador dogs were included in the study and two Ankylos implants were inserted per dog. The dogs were killed 6 months after abutment placement without functional loading and without plaque control. The implants were analysed histologically by scanning electron microscopy, light microscopy, and histomorphometry.RESULTS: Some sections exhibited histologic signs of a mild inflammation. The connective tissue between the most apical epithelial cells of the junctional epithelium and the alveolar crest was characterized by collagen fibers running from the periosteum and the alveolar crest toward the oral epithelium and, in front of the cone-shaped abutment, by a narrow zone of extracellular matrix with a few collagen fibers.CONCLUSION: Compared with results obtained in other studies using different types of implant (Astra, Br?nemark, ITI), the Ankylos implant showed a higher length and a larger width of connective tissue contact as well as a shorter epithelial downgrowth. The absence of a microgap in the Ankylos system could explain the histologic mild inflammation in the connective tissue.
|
['Alveolar Process', 'Animals', 'Collagen', 'Connective Tissue', 'Dental Abutments', 'Dental Implants', 'Dental Prosthesis Design', 'Dogs', 'Epithelial Attachment', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Female', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Models, Animal', 'Periodontitis', 'Periodontium', 'Surface Properties']
| 14,560,487
|
[['A02.835.232.781.324.502.125', 'A14.521.125', 'A14.549.167.646.094'], ['B01.050'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['A10.165'], ['E06.780.346.500', 'E07.695.190.175'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['E06.780.346.625', 'E06.912.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A14.549.167.646.374'], ['A11.436'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E05.598'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['A14.549.167.646'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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Zefinha - the name of abandonment.
|
Zefinha has been living in a forensic hospital for the last 39 years. She is the longest female inhabitant surviving under compulsory psychiatric treatment in Brazil. This paper discusses how the ethical rule of anonymity might be revised in research concerning a unique case involving severe violations of human rights. My argument is that there are cases in which disclosing the names of research participants protects their interests and rights.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Commitment of Mentally Ill', 'Disclosure', 'Female', 'Human Experimentation', 'Human Rights', 'Humans', 'Morals', 'Research']
| 26,331,499
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['F04.096.544.335.200', 'N03.706.535.351.200'], ['F01.829.401.046', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134', 'L01.143.335'], ['E05.445', 'H01.770.644.145.365'], ['I01.880.604.473', 'N03.706.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.500', 'K01.752.566'], ['H01.770.644']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Addressing Eeuropean environmental legislation.
|
Medical device companies need to meet European requirements designed to protect the environment.The deadlines for some of the requirements have already passed. This article discusses a European Regulation and two Directives, and a means for meeting environmental requirements in an effective manner.
|
['Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'European Union', 'Hazardous Substances', 'Industry']
| 19,370,911
|
[['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['E07'], ['I01.615.500.475'], ['D27.888.426'], ['J01.576']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Protein kinase B alpha/Akt1 regulates placental development and fetal growth.
|
Protein kinase B alpha (PKB alpha/Akt1) is implicated in the regulation of metabolism, transcription, cell survival, angiogenesis, cell migration, growth, and tumorigenesis. Previously, it was reported that PKB alpha-deficient mice are small with increased neonatal mortality (Cho, H., Thorvaldsen, J. L., Chu, Q., Feng, F., and Birnbaum, M. J. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 38349-38352 and Chen, W. S., Xu, P. Z., Gottlob, K., Chen, M. L., Sokol, K., Shiyanova, T., Roninson, I., Wenig, W., Suzuki, R., Tobe, K., Kadowaki, T., and Hay, N. (2001) Genes Dev. 15, 2203-2208). Here we show that PKB alpha is widely expressed in placenta including all types of trophoblast and vascular endothelial cells. Pkb alpha-/- placentae display significant hypotrophy, with marked reduction of the decidual basalis and nearly complete loss of glycogen-containing cells in the spongiotrophoblast, and exhibit decreased vascularization. Pkb alpha-/- placentae also show significant reduction of phosphorylation of PKB and endothelial nitric-oxide synthase. These defects may cause placental insufficiency, fetal growth impairment, and neonatal mortality. These data represent the first evidence for the role of PKB alpha and endothelial nitricoxide synthase in regulating placental development and provide an animal model for intrauterine growth retardation.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Western', 'DNA Primers', 'Embryonic and Fetal Development', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Placentation', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt']
| 12,783,884
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G07.345.500.325', 'G08.686.784.170'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G08.686.784.769.491'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neural dynamics of perceptual order and context effects for variable-rate speech syllables.
|
How does the brain extract invariant properties of variable-rate speech? A neural model, called PHONET, is developed to explain aspects of this process and, along the way, data about perceptual context effects. For example, in consonant-vowel (CV) syllables, such as /ba/ and /wa/, an increase in the duration of the vowel can cause a switch in the percept of the preceding consonant from /w/ to /b/ (J.L. Miller & Liberman, 1979). The frequency extent of the initial formant transitions of fixed duration also influences the percept (Schwab, Sawusch, & Nusbaum, 1981). PHONET quantitatively simulates over 98% of the variance in these data, using a single set of parameters. The model also qualitatively explains many data about other perceptual context effects. In the model, C and V inputs are filtered by parallel auditory streams that respond preferentially to the transient and sustained properties of the acoustic signal before being stored in parallel working memories. A lateral inhibitory network of onset- and rate-sensitive cells in the transient channel extracts measures of frequency transition rate and extent. Greater activation of the transient stream can increase the processing rate in the sustained stream via a cross-stream automatic gain control interaction. The stored activities across these gain-controlled working memories provide a basis for rate-invariant perception, since the transient-to-sustained gain control tends to preserve the relative activities across the transient and sustained working memories as speech rate changes. Comparisons with alternative models tested suggest that the fit cannot be attributed to the simplicity of the data. Brain analogues of model cell types are described.
|
['Attention', 'Auditory Pathways', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Humans', 'Mental Recall', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Phonetics', 'Psycholinguistics', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Speech Perception']
| 10,598,464
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['A08.612.220.110'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['L01.559.598.518'], ['F02.694', 'F04.096.586', 'L01.559.598.628'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Grape seed procyanidins prevent oxidative injury by modulating the expression of antioxidant enzyme systems.
|
In the present paper, we report the effect of a grape seed procyanidin extract (GSPE) on antioxidant enzyme systems (AOEs). Gene expression was tested using the hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2 by exposing it to several GSPE doses between 0 and 100 mg/L for 24 h. We evaluated mRNA expression and enzyme activity levels using real time RT-PCR and spectrophotometry. The results suggested a transcriptional GSPE regulation of glutathione related enzymes caused by an increase both in mRNA and in enzyme activity levels overall at 15 mg/L. We also assessed the GSPE effect on AOEs in cells submitted to oxidative stress. Under oxidative conditions (1 mM H(2)O(2), 1 h), we found a decrease in GSH content and an increase in MDA, and we suggested a posttranslational regulation of GPx/GR mRNAs and a transcriptional enhancement of GST mRNA. The GSPE pretreatment (15 mg/L, 23 h) before HepG2 submission to H(2)O(2) (1 mM, 1 h) showed an increase of the mRNA of GPx/GR with respect to the H(2)O(2) group, whereas the GSH content was similar to the control group. However, the GPx/GR enzyme activities were not increased. We hypothesize that GSPE probably improves the cellular redox status via glutathione synthesis pathways instead of regulation of the GPx and/or GR activities protecting against oxidative damage.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Hepatoblastoma', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Proanthocyanidins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Seeds', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Vitis']
| 16,028,999
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G05.308.320'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['C04.557.435.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.700', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.700', 'D05.750.078.937.429'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.965.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Does austerity really kill?
|
A growing body of the literature has argued that austerity has been bad for health, though without directly measuring austerity. This paper explicitly distinguishes the association of mortality with macroeconomic fluctuations from that with fiscal policy measures, using data for 28 European Union (EU) countries covering the period 1991-2013. The main results present a nuanced, complex picture about the mortality impact of fiscal policies. We confirm the mortality decreasing (increasing) effect of recessions (booms), with the exception of suicide mortality, which shows the opposite effects. Austerity regimes are associated with an increase in all-cause mortality (0.7%). At the same time, fiscal stimuli tend to significantly increase death rates due to cirrhosis or chronic liver disease (3%) and those due to vehicle accidents (4.3%). Our results are sensitive to the set of countries included: when excluding the Baltics, Romania and Hungary, austerity policies turn out to significantly increase suicide-related mortality (2.8%), while the effect on all-cause mortality remains unaffected (0.7%). Overall, however it appears that the austerity-increasing effects are mostly compensated by the (mostly) mortality-decreasing effects of recessions. A notable exception appears to be suicides, which receive a 'double-boost' from both recessions and austerity.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Economics', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mortality', 'Policy', 'Suicide', 'Young Adult']
| 31,003,198
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['I01.261', 'N03.219'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.550', 'N01.224.935.698', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550'], ['I01.655', 'N03.623'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Terminalia chebula extract at room temperature and their antimicrobial studies.
|
A green rapid biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) using Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) aqueous extract was demonstrated in this present study. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at 452 nm using UV-visible spectrophotometer. The reduction of silver ions to silver nanoparticles by T. chebula extract was completed within 20 min which was evidenced potentiometrically. Synthesised nanoparticles were characterised using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The hydrolysable tannins such as di/tri-galloyl-glucose present in the extract were hydrolyzed to gallic acid and glucose that served as reductant while oxidised polyphenols acted as stabilizers. In addition, it showed good antimicrobial activity towards both Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus ATCC 25923) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli ATCC 25922). Industrially it may be a smart option for the preparation of silver nanoparticles.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Gallic Acid', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Green Chemistry Technology', 'Humans', 'Hydrolyzable Tannins', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Plant Extracts', 'Polyphenols', 'Silver', 'Terminalia', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 22,381,795
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.200', 'D02.241.511.390.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.200'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['J01.897.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.200.299', 'D02.241.511.390.200.299', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.200.299', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.200.299', 'D05.750.078.937.214'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.228.583'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Daily diary and ambulatory activity monitoring of sleep in patients with insomnia associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
|
Insomnia is a significant problem for many people with chronic pain. In this study, we used a combination of daily sleep diaries and ambulatory activity monitoring (actigraphy) to: (i) examine the nature and severity of the sleep disturbance in this patient group; (ii) determine the concordance between sleep diary and actigraph measures of different sleep parameters; (iii) assess the reliability of sleep parameters across nights; and (iv) identify the clinical correlates of insomnia severity. Forty subjects with insomnia associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain completed questionnaires addressing clinical issues of pain severity, medication use, sleep quality, and affective distress. For 2 consecutive nights, each subject then completed a sleep diary and wore an actigraph unit on the non-dominant wrist. The results showed that the sleep diaries and the actigraphs provided similar estimates of total sleep time, time awake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency, but differed in the measurement of sleep onset latency and nocturnal awakenings. Both methods of assessment exhibited low to moderate reliability across nights. Measures of the same sleep parameters across the two methods of assessment showed low concordance. Of the clinical variables, pain severity had the strongest association with disturbed sleep, but only using the diary method of assessment. Subjects who reported high pain severity also reported greater sleep impairment than subjects with low pain severity, but this was not confirmed by actigraphy. In general, both methods of assessment point to the significance of insomnia associated with chronic musculoskeletal pain as a distinct clinical problem, but the activity monitoring and self-report procedures provide different information. These findings suggest that multi-method assessment is an important consideration for studies of insomnia in patients with chronic pain.
|
['Activity Cycles', 'Adult', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Musculoskeletal Diseases', 'Pain', 'Sleep', 'Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders']
| 9,539,676
|
[['G07.180.562.797.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520'], ['C05'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['F02.830.855', 'G11.561.803'], ['C10.886.425.800.800', 'F03.870.400.800.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
New strategy for comprehensive analysis of gene functions in embryonic stem cells.
|
At present, the limitation of Phenotype-based genetic screening in embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is the diploid nature of the genome. Since it is known that cells deficient in the Bloom's syndrome gene (Blm) show an increased rate of homologous recombination, we have developed a new system to conditionally regulate the Blm allele for introduction of bi-allelic mutations across the genome. Transient deficiency of Blm induces homologous recombination not only between sister chromatids but also between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a high rate of loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Introduction of genome-wide mutations in ESCs can be achieved by retroviral vector. In combination, using genome-wide mutagenesis and transient loss of Blm expression, we have generated ES libraries with bi-allelic mutations. These results show that this new system is very efficient for identifying gene functions in ESCs.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Chromosomes', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Mutation', 'Stem Cells']
| 16,903,413
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['A16.254'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A11.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Paradoxical forearm vasodilatation and haemodynamic improvement during cardiopulmonary baroreceptor unloading in patients with congestive heart failure.
|
1. To examine the contribution of paradoxical reflex forearm vasodilatation during unloading of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors to systemic haemodynamics, the responses of central and peripheral haemodynamics during lower-body negative pressure were measured in 24 patients with chronic congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional class II-IV) and were compared with those of 10 normal subjects. 2. Lower-body negative pressure of less than -20 mmHg caused a significant forearm vasoconstriction in normal subjects but not in patients with congestive heart failure. In the individual cases, however, eight patients (subgroup A) had a significant forearm vasoconstriction, whereas 10 patients (subgroup B) had a paradoxical forearm vasodilatation. The remaining six patients had a blunted forearm vascular response. Baseline pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (26 +/- 3 versus 20 +/- 1 mmHg, means +/- SEM) and left ventricular wall stress in end-diastole (57 +/- 6 versus 37 +/- 4 g/cm2) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in subgroup B than in subgroup A. 3. During lower-body negative pressure of -20 mmHg, the plasma level of noradrenaline, systemic vascular resistance and cardiac index did not change significantly in subgroup A. In subgroup B, however, during this orthostatic stimulus systemic vascular resistance fell significantly from a baseline value of 2023 +/- 109 to 1740 +/- 110 dyn s-1 cm-5 (P < 0.01) and cardiac index increased significantly from a baseline value of 2.0 +/- 0.1 to 2.5 +/- 0.2 1 min-1 m-2 (P < 0.01) despite there being no significant change in the plasma level of noradrenaline. 4. After treatment, a second bout of lower-body negative pressure was applied to seven patients in subgroup B. The forearm vascular response to the second bout of lower-body negative pressure was normalized. 5. These data suggest that the patients with more severe heart failure show a paradoxical forearm vasodilatation during mild lower-body negative pressure and that this altered cardiopulmonary baroreflex control of the circulation serves to improve the depressed cardiac performance.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Output', 'Echocardiography', 'Forearm', 'Heart Failure', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Lower Body Negative Pressure', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Norepinephrine', 'Pressoreceptors', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Vasodilation']
| 8,384,949
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['C14.280.434'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.278.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['A08.675.650.915.750.750', 'A08.800.050.800.900.700', 'A08.800.950.750.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750.750'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Correlating Genotype and Phenotype in the Asexual Yeast Candida orthopsilosis
|
Candida orthopsilosis is diploid asexual yeast that causes human disease. Most C. orthopsilosis isolates arose from at least four separate hybridizations between related, but not identical, parents. Here, we used population genomics data to correlate genotypic and phenotypic variation in 28 C. orthopsilosis isolates. We used cosine similarity scores to identify 65 variants with potential high-impact (deleterious effects) that correlated with specific phenotypes. Of these, 19 were Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) that changed stop or start codons, or splice sites. One variant resulted in a premature stop codon in both alleles of the gene ZCF29 in C. orthopsilosis isolate 185, which correlated with sensitivity to nystatin and caffeine. We used CRISPR-Cas9 editing to introduce this polymorphism into two resistant C. orthopsilosis isolates. Introducing the stop codon resulted in sensitivity to caffeine and to ketoconazole, but not to nystatin. Our analysis shows that it is possible to associate genomic variants with phenotype in asexual Candida species, but that only a small amount of genomic variation can be easily explored.
|
['Animals', 'Antifungal Agents', 'CRISPR-Cas Systems', 'Caffeine', 'Candida parapsilosis', 'Codon, Terminator', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Genotype', 'Ketoconazole', 'Lepidoptera', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Microorganisms, Genetically-Modified', 'Nystatin', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Virulence']
| 31,352,406
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['G05.308.203.374.394'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.600', 'B01.300.381.147.600', 'B01.300.930.176.600'], ['D13.444.735.544.355.250', 'G05.360.335.355.250', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190.250'], ['D12.776.354'], ['G05.380'], ['D03.383.606.560'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['B05.620.368'], ['D02.540.505.575'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reverse-Flow Intrinsic Fasciocutaneous Island Flaps in Foot Reconstruction.
|
Reconstruction of soft tissue defects in the foot remains a challenge due to its specialized tissue for weightbearing and ambulation. Considering the principle of replacing "like with like," adjacent soft tissues would be a best option for a donor site. Although several kinds of reverse-flow island flaps for the lower leg have been well described, intrinsic foot reverse flow flaps have been rarely reported. We describe 3 kinds of reverse-flow intrinsic fasciocutaneous flaps (RIFFs) for foot reconstruction. From September 2012 to August 2015, a retrospective study was done on case notes of all patients who had a RIFF for coverage of soft tissue defects within the foot following trauma or tumor ablation. A total of 7 patients were included in this study, with an average of 5 ? 3.5 cm sized defects in the forefoot, second and third web space, and sole, which were reconstructed with RIFF. All flaps were well perfused and recovered excellent function of the foot with satisfactory aesthetics and minimal limitations in range of motion. However, one case showed a complication of venous congestion, due to remnant scar tissues, which resolved after medical leech application. Donor defects healed completely with split thickness skin grafting in all cases. Soft tissue defects within the foot were repaired successfully by RIFF. In spite of its technical challenges, it is a reliable one-stage procedure requiring no microsurgical anastomosis. Precise vascular evaluation of the reverse inflow has to be preceded for satisfactory outcome of RIFF.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leg Injuries', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Soft Tissue Injuries', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Trauma Severity Indices', 'Wound Closure Techniques']
| 29,132,254
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['E04.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['C26.808'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875'], ['E04.987']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Psychological stress has no association with salivary levels of â-defensin 2 and â-defensin 3.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that stress can predispose an individual to the development of periodontal disease, but the exact biological mechanism is unknown. Considering that psychological stress can down-regulate the production of â-defensins (antimicrobial peptides produced in the oral cavity), the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between stress and salivary levels of â-defensin 2 (HBD-2) and â-defensin 3 (HBD-3).METHODS: For this purpose, seventy five volunteers, classified as periodontally healthy, were submitted to a psychological evaluation using a validated questionnaire (Questionnaire of Lipp-ISS). Following analysis of the questionnaires, the subjects were divided in two groups (Group A: Absence of stress and Group B: Presence of stress). Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and the concentration of total protein was determined using the BCA method, and the concentrations of HBD-2 and HBD-3 were determined by ELISA.RESULTS: The levels of total protein did not show a statistically significant difference between the groups. Analyses of HBD-2 and HBD-3 concentrations indicate that the stress condition was not associated with the levels of either peptide in saliva (P=0.3664 for HBD-2 and P=0.3608 for HBD-3).CONCLUSION: In periodontally healthy subjects, HBD-2 and HBD-3 levels are not influenced by stress.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reference Values', 'Saliva', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Young Adult', 'beta-Defensins']
| 20,819,126
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A12.200.666'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['D12.644.050.200.075', 'D12.776.543.695.054.200.075']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Subtalar kinematics following resection of tarsal coalition.
|
BACKGROUND: Pain relief and functional improvement in the short term have been demonstrated in the majority of patients with tarsal coalition following resection. Recreation of normal subtalar kinematics is an important goal in these patients as well, and may have long term implications. The purpose of our study was to examine whether kinematic variables of foot motion are normalized following resection of tarsal coalition.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study compared three groups: nine candidates for resection of tarsal coalition, nine patients between 2 and 4 years after bar resection, and nine control subjects. Ankle hindfoot scoring was evaluated according to the AOFAS. Kinematic analysis of subtalar motion in the coronal plane and in the sagittal plane was performed using a computerized gait analysis system.RESULTS: Significantly increased passive subtalar range of motion and AOFAS ankle hindfoot scoring were demonstrated in postoperative subjects relative to preoperative subjects (p = 0.000). However, the kinematic analysis performed during walking, revealed similar, severe restriction of the subtalar eversion-inversion motion in postoperative and preoperative subjects. Angular velocity of the subtalar motion was also similar in both coalition groups, and was significantly increased compared with control. Kinematic analysis of foot motion in the sagittal plain demonstrated improved motion in postoperative subjects, which was comparable with the control group.CONCLUSION: Foot kinematics are not recreated following tarsal coalition resection, despite the favorable clinical outcome observed.CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Following resection of a tarsal coalition, patients continue to be subjected to increased loading and torque in their subtalar and adjacent articulations. This may promote further articular deterioration in the long term. Additional operative procedures or rehabilitation protocols should be examined to improve foot kinematics in this population.
|
['Adolescent', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Female', 'Foot Deformities', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pronation', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Subtalar Joint', 'Supination', 'Tarsal Bones', 'Walking', 'Young Adult']
| 19,026,201
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C05.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G11.427.410.698.840'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['A02.835.583.378.831.780'], ['G11.427.410.698.920'], ['A02.835.232.043.300.710'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ligand binding to a G protein-coupled receptor captured in a mass spectrometer.
|
G protein (heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein)-coupled receptors belong to the largest family of membrane-embedded cell surface proteins and are involved in a diverse array of physiological processes. Despite progress in the mass spectrometry of membrane protein complexes, G protein-coupled receptors have remained intractable because of their low yield and instability after extraction from cell membranes. We established conditions in the mass spectrometer that preserve noncovalent ligand binding to the human purinergic receptor P2Y1. Results established differing affinities for nucleotides and the drug MRS2500 and link antagonist binding with the absence of receptor phosphorylation. Overall, therefore, our results are consistent with drug binding, preventing the conformational changes that facilitate downstream signaling. More generally, we highlight opportunities for mass spectrometry to probe effects of ligand binding on G protein-coupled receptors.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Ligands', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2Y1', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 28,630,934
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.196.566'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.543.750.695'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.720.500.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720.750.100'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neurovascular compression syndrome of the brain stem with opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome combined with vestibular paroxysmia and autonomic symptoms.
|
We describe a rare case of neurovascular compression syndrome (NVCS) of the brain stem and opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) complicated with vestibular paroxysmia (VP) and autonomic symptoms. Moreover, we discuss the case with respect to the available information in medical literature. A 36-year-old man with vertigo and nausea had difficulty standing, and was transported by an ambulance to our hospital. He had VP, opsoclonus, cervical myoclonus, anxiety, and restless legs syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging at hospitalization showed that the dolichoectatic vertebral artery was in contact with the postero-lateral side of the pontomedullary junction. He was diagnosed with NVCS of the brain stem (most likely of the input to the vestibular nucleus) associated with contact with the dolichoectatic vertebral artery. Combination therapy using multiple antiepileptic drugs, such as low-dose carbamazepine, clonazepam, and lacosamide, improved his clinical symptoms. He was finally able to walk and was discharged on day 42 after admission. He is being routinely followed-up since then. Further research is needed to confirm the validity of the combination therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Autonomic Nervous System Diseases', 'Brain Stem', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Humans', 'Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vertebral Artery', 'Vertigo']
| 31,534,075
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['C10.177'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['E02.319.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.614.550.600', 'C04.730.856.596', 'C10.228.758.500', 'C10.292.562.831', 'C10.574.781.662', 'C10.597.350.500.500', 'C11.590.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['A07.015.114.955'], ['C09.218.568.900.883', 'C10.597.951', 'C23.888.592.958']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preliminary evaluation of altered brain microstructure in the emotion-cognition region in children with haemophilia A: a diffusional kurtosis imaging study.
|
AIM: Using diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) to assess the impact of emotional disorders on microstructural changes of the brain in children with haemophilia A.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diffusional kurtosis imaging was acquired from haemophilia A (n = 22) and controls (n = 22) using a 3T scanner. A regression analysis of frontal, cingulate, hippocampus, insula and amygdala regions of interest (ROIs) was conducted. Clinical data and results of psychological tests were collected. A paired t-test was used to analyse the differences between the two groups' ROIs, and the Spearman test was used to analyse the correlation between ROIs and psychological tests or clinical data.RESULTS: Fractional anisotropy (FA) in the left middle cingulate and right hippocampus; mean diffusion (MD) in the frontal lobe, right anterior cingulate and right middle cingulate showed varying degrees of increase in the ROI compared to controls (P < 0.003). MD in the frontal lobe and the course of disease (P < 0.05), FA in the right hippocampus and the social score of the self-consciousness scale (P < 0.01) had a positive correlation.CONCLUSION: Our study is the first to evaluate the relationship between emotion disorders and cognitive changes in the microstructure of the brain in children with haemophilia A, suggesting that DKI provides more information about tissue microstructural changes than do the conventional image method and traditional psychological tests.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brain', 'Cognition', 'Emotions', 'Hemophilia A', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 28,205,277
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F01.470'], ['C15.378.100.100.500', 'C15.378.100.141.500', 'C15.378.463.500', 'C16.320.099.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Nanopolymeric micelle effect on the transdermal permeability, the bioavailability and gene expression of plasmid.
|
This study attempts to investigate the transdermal permeability, the bioavailability and gene expression of plasmid formulated with nonionic poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) polymeric micelles (PM). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to analyze the PM formulated pCMV-Lac Z (P/PM) containing the gene for â-galactosidase (â-Gal) driven by cytomegalovirus early promoter. Franz diffusion cell was used for in vitro transdermal permeability analysis. Real-time PCR was used to quantify the permeated plasmid in vitro and in vivo. â-Gal activity assay was performed to evaluate transgene expression in vivo. The size of P/PM was ~50 nm with round shape. PM significantly enhanced the in vitro transdermal permeability of plasmid in a direction- and temperature-dependent manner. Following transdermal application of P/PM, higher area under the curve (AUC(P/PM): 98.34 h·ng/mL) and longer half-life of plasmid were detected compared with that of plasmid alone (AUC(P): 10.12 h·ng/mL). Additionally, the â-Gal activity was significantly increased in skin, stomach, brain and spinal cord at both 48 and 72 h after P/PM application and in testis and spleen at 72 h postapplication. In conclusion, PM formulation enhanced the permeation of plasmid through skin into blood circulation, increasing its absorption and the transgene expression in various tissues.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Animals', 'Biological Availability', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Half-Life', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Micelles', 'Nanostructures', 'Plasmids', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Propylene Glycols', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Skin', 'Skin Absorption', 'Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Transgenes']
| 22,142,416
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['G02'], ['G05.297'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['D05.374', 'D26.255.560'], ['J01.637.512'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D02.033.455.706'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.015.500.750', 'G03.787.024.500.750', 'G07.690.725.015.500.750', 'G13.750.778'], ['G06.320.676'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The correlation between breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal postpartum depression in southern Brazil.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and postpartum depression symptoms in a sample of Portuguese-speaking mothers in southern Brazil.BACKGROUND: There remains equivocal evidence regarding a putative association between breastfeeding self-efficacy and postpartum depression.METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study in which eligible research participants completed screening questionnaires and other assessment tools. Mothers were interviewed once only in their homes between the 2nd and 12th week of the postpartum period. Research participants completed the Portuguese version of the Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was evaluated through the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES-SF).RESULTS: A total number of 89 mothers completed the investigation: 69 (77%) were exclusively breastfeeding, whereas 20 mothers (22.7%) were partially breastfeeding at the time of the interview. Mothers who combined breastfeeding and bottle-feeding presented higher PDSS and EPDS scores. The breastfeeding self-efficacy scores were higher in mothers who exclusively breastfed and were negatively associated (p<0.001) with both EPDS and PDSS (postpartum depression) scores.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that mothers who suffer from depressive symptoms may experience less confidence in their ability to breastfeed. This association may be particularly relevant for the purpose of screening procedures for depression and unsatisfactory breastfeeding during the postpartum period.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Breast Feeding', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression, Postpartum', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Language', 'Prevalence', 'Self Efficacy', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 23,427,927
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C13.703.844.253', 'F03.600.300.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Extraconal solitary fibrous tumor of the orbit].
|
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFT) are rare spindle cell neoplasms derived from specialized fibroblasts. This tumor was first described in the pleura and later in the whole body including the orbit. Although an SFT is generally a benign tumor malignant transformation and metastasization have also been observed in a few cases. Complete excision is the therapy of choice. Here we report on a 50-year-old male patient whose orbital SFT was removed by transconjunctival anterior orbitotomy and 1.5 years after the operation the patient is recurrence and complaint-free.
|
['Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orbital Neoplasms', 'Solitary Fibrous Tumors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,972,174
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.149.721.656', 'C04.588.364.659', 'C05.116.231.754.659', 'C11.319.457', 'C11.675.659'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.797'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of perioperative contralateral stroke after carotid endarterectomy.
|
OBJECTIVE: Contralateral stroke is an infrequent cause of perioperative stroke after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Whereas the risks of ipsilateral stroke complicating CEA have been discriminated, factors that lead to contralateral stroke are poorly defined. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk of perioperative (30-day) contralateral stroke after CEA as well as predisposing preoperative and operative factors. Its specific effect on long-term survival was interrogated.METHODS: The Vascular Study Group of New England (VSGNE) was queried from April 1, 2003, to February 29, 2016, for all CEAs. Duplicated patients and those without complete data were excluded. Patients sustaining contralateral stroke after CEA in the 30-day postoperative period were identified. Demographic, preoperative, and operative factors were analyzed to identify discriminators between those with and those without contralateral stroke. Logistic regression modeling was performed to identify factors independently associated with contralateral stroke. The effect of contralateral stroke on 5-year survival was compared with patients with ipsilateral stroke and no stroke using the Kaplan-Meier method. Log-rank testing compared survival curves.RESULTS: There were 10,837 CEAs performed during the study. Average age was 70.4 ± 9.3 years; 6605 (61%) patients were male, and 40% (n = 4324) were performed for symptoms. Most were current or former smokers (n = 8619 [80%]). Coronary artery disease and congestive heart failure were identified in 31% and 8.6%, respectively. Overall, there were 190 strokes within 30 days of CEA (1.8%); 131 were ipsilateral (1.3%), and 59 (0.5%) patients were identified as having contralateral perioperative stroke. Thirteen patients sustained bilateral stroke (0.1%). Significant univariate associations included urgency (P = .0001), ipsilateral stenosis severity (P = .004), length of operation (P = .0001), CEA with coronary artery bypass graft (P = .0001), CEA with other arterial surgery (P = .01), and CEA with proximal endovascular procedure (P = .03). Contralateral occlusion (P = .06) and degree of contralateral carotid stenosis (P = .14) did not correlate. After logistic regression analysis of significant univariate anatomic and operative factors, length of procedure (odds ratio [OR], 1.08/15 minutes; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-1.15; P = .02), urgency of operation (OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.3-4.6; P = .006), and concomitant proximal endovascular intervention (OR, 8.7; 95% CI, 4.5-31.2; P = .001) remained predictors of contralateral stroke after CEA. Occurrence of both ipsilateral (P < .001) and contralateral (P = .023) stroke significantly reduced 5-year survival compared with those without stroke. There was no difference in the negative survival effect based on laterality of stroke (P = .24).CONCLUSIONS: Contralateral stroke after CEA is rare, affecting 0.5% of patients. Traditional risk reduction medical therapy does not affect occurrence. Degree of contralateral stenosis, including contralateral occlusion, does not predict perioperative contralateral stroke. Urgency of operation, length of operation, and performance of concomitant, ipsilateral endovascular intervention predict contralateral stroke risk with CEA. Contralateral stroke affects long-term survival similar to ipsilateral stroke after CEA.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Endarterectomy, Carotid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'New England', 'Odds Ratio', 'Operative Time', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,697,940
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E04.100.814.456.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E04.614.374.500', 'N02.421.585.753.374.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Protein oxidation in emulsified cooked burger patties with added fruit extracts: Influence on colour and texture deterioration during chill storage.
|
The influence of protein oxidation, as measured by the dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) method, on colour and texture changes during chill storage (2 degrees C, 12days) of cooked burger patties was studied. Extracts from arbutus-berries (Arbutus unedoL., AU), common hawthorns (Crataegus monogynaL., CM), dog roses (Rosa caninaL., RC) and elm-leaf blackberries (Rubus ulmifoliusSchott., RU) were prepared, added to burger patties (3% of total weight) and evaluated as inhibitors of protein oxidation and colour and texture changes. Negative (no added extract, C) and positive control (added quercetin; 230mg/kg, Q) groups were also considered. The significant increase of protein carbonyls during chill storage of control burger patties reflect the intense oxidative degradation of the muscle proteins. Concomitantly, an intense loss of redness and increase of hardness was found to take place in burger patties throughout refrigerated storage. Most fruit extracts as well as Q significantly reduced the formation of protein carbonyls and inhibited colour and texture deterioration during chill storage. Likely mechanisms through which protein oxidation could play a major role on colour and texture changes during chill storage of burger patties are discussed. Amongst the extracts, RC was most suitable for use as a functional ingredient in processed meats since it enhanced oxidative stability, colour and texture properties of burger patties with no apparent drawbacks.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cold Temperature', 'Color', 'Emulsions', 'Food Preservation', 'Food Technology', 'Fruit', 'Hydrazines', 'Meat', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Plant Extracts', 'Protein Carbonylation', 'Refrigeration', 'Rosa']
| 20,416,800
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['D20.280.260', 'D26.255.165.260'], ['J01.576.423.850.700'], ['J01.576.423.850'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D02.442'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.350', 'G02.111.691.600.350', 'G03.673.690', 'G03.734.871.790.600.350', 'G05.308.670.600.350', 'G07.775.750.750'], ['E02.792.643', 'E05.760.643'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Clinical diagnosis of childhood psychoses].
|
I have tried to summarize the different points of view in regard to clinical diagnosis of child psychosis. The main purpose is to reach a more universal agreement to base a diagnosis that allows us not only to facilitate an early diagnosis but also its treatment and above all better bases for research. Infantile psychosis varies at different levels of growth, according to age, however it is considered that psychosis in children is basically a disturbance in ego-functions. This is clearly evident in the thinking process, in affect, perception, motility, language, individualization, disturbance of object relations, and lost of contact with reality. The basic points for the diagnosis of child psychosis proposed by the "Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry" and initially studied by the English working party headed by Goldberg and col. are discussed: disturbances of their interpersonal relationships, indifference or preoccupation with inanimate objects, lack or failure in speech development, alteration in sensorial perception, bizarre or stereotyped behavior, resistance to change routines or change of environment, poor personal identification, crises of anger or panic which are not predictable and finally an uneven intellectual development.
|
['Child', 'Humans', 'Psychological Tests', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Schizophrenia, Childhood']
| 1,052,702
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711'], ['F03.700.675'], ['F03.625.968']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Small bowel obstruction due to a right-sided paraduodenal hernia: a case report.
|
Small bowel obstruction (SBO) diagnosed with abdominal computed tomography (CT) has been extensively studied in radiology literature. We present a case report of SBO due to a rare right-sided paraduodenal hernia diagnosed preoperatively on a non-contrast CT and confirmed surgically.
|
['Duodenal Diseases', 'Female', 'Hernia, Abdominal', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Obstruction', 'Intestine, Small', 'Middle Aged', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,551,425
|
[['C06.405.469.275'], ['C23.300.707.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.531'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of flow pulsatility on arterial drug distribution in stent-based therapy.
|
Drug-eluting stents reside in a dynamic fluid environment where the extent to which drugs are distributed within the arterial wall is critically modulated by the blood flowing through the arterial lumen. Yet several factors associated with the pulsatile nature of blood flow and their impact on arterial drug deposition have not been fully investigated. We employed an integrated framework comprising bench-top and computational models to explore the factors governing the time-varying fluid dynamic environment within the vasculature and their effects on arterial drug distribution patterns. A custom-designed bench-top framework comprising a model of a single drug-eluting stent strut and a poly-vinyl alcohol-based hydrogel as a model tissue bed simulated fluid flow and drug transport under fully apposed strut settings. Bench-top experiments revealed a relative independence between drug distribution and the factors governing pulsatile flow and these findings were validated with the in silico model. Interestingly, computational models simulating suboptimal deployment settings revealed a complex interplay between arterial drug distribution, Womersley number and the extent of malapposition. In particular, for a stent strut offset from the wall, total drug deposition was sensitive to changes in the pulsatile flow environment, with this dependence increasing with greater wall displacement. Our results indicate that factors governing pulsatile luminal flow on arterial drug deposition should be carefully considered in conjunction with device deployment settings for better utilization of drug-eluting stent therapy.
|
['Arteries', 'Drug-Eluting Stents', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Pulsatile Flow']
| 23,541,929
|
[['A07.015.114'], ['E07.695.750.500'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['D26'], ['G01.482.620', 'G09.330.380.630.555']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Decoding of facial emotions, in terms of expressiveness, by schizophrenics and depressives.
|
In a comparison of reactions to expressed emotions, 48 schizophrenics, 40 depressives, and 50 nonpatient controls were asked to identify the extreme and the least extreme expressions of six emotions. Schizophrenics identified the extreme expressions of emotions significantly better than the least extreme ones, whilst depressives and controls were uninfluenced by those factors. In a second task, groups were asked to judge the degree of expressiveness within the photographs of each emotion. Depressives' judgments were more consistent and closer to those of controls, as compared to schizophrenics' judgments.
|
['Adult', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Emotions', 'Facial Expression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Male', 'Psychological Tests', 'Schizophrenic Psychology']
| 3,423,162
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.600.300'], ['F01.470'], ['E01.370.600.225', 'F01.145.209.530.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.785.626'], ['F04.711'], ['F04.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
When insurance is not enough: racial and ethnic disparities in immunizations for the Medicare population.
|
This review article discusses disparities in immunization rates for beneficiaries of the US Medicare program. The review considers: 1) historical and statistical information on rates of immunization; 2) goals set forward by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) to eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities related to adult immunization; 3) barriers experienced by Medicare beneficiaries in receiving immunizations; 4) barriers experienced by health professionals in providing adult immunizations; and 5) CMS efforts to increase influenza and pneumococcal immunization rates and to eliminate immunization rate disparities among Medicare beneficiaries.
|
['African Americans', 'Aged', 'Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.', 'Ethnic Groups', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Immunization', 'Influenza, Human', 'Medicare', 'Pneumonia, Pneumococcal', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'United States']
| 15,945,360
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.310', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.550'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.670.750', 'C01.150.252.620.550', 'C01.748.610.540.550', 'C08.381.677.540.550', 'C08.730.610.540.550'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Birth weight, maternal weight and childhood leukaemia.
|
There is mounting evidence that childhood leukaemia is associated with high birth weight, but few studies have examined the relationship between leukaemia and other perinatal factors that influence birth weight, such as maternal weight or gestational weight gain. This case-cohort study included 916 acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL) and 154 acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cases diagnosed prior to age 10 years between 1985 and 2001 and born in New York State excluding New York City between 1978 and 2001. Controls (n=9686) were selected from the birth cohorts for the same years. Moderate increased risk of both ALL and AML was associated with birth weight 3500 g or more. For ALL, however, there was evidence of effect modification with birth weight and maternal prepregnancy weight. High birth weight was associated with ALL only when the mother was not overweight while heavier maternal weight was associated with ALL only when the infant was not high birth weight. Increased pregnancy-related weight gain was associated with ALL. For AML, birth weight under 3000 g and higher prepregnancy weight were both associated with increased risk. These findings suggest childhood leukaemia may be related to factors influencing abnormal fetal growth patterns.
|
['Adult', 'Birth Weight', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Maternal Age', 'Mothers', 'New York', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Pregnancy', 'Registries', 'Weight Gain']
| 16,736,025
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['C23.888.144.243.926', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.926']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Nucleotide sequence of pnl gene from Erwinia carotovora Er.
|
The nucleotide sequence of pnl gene encoding pectin lyase (PNL; EC4.2.2.10)from Erwinia carotovora Er was determined. The structural gene of pnl consisted of 942 base pairs. An open reading frame that could encode a 33,700 dalton polypeptide consisting 314 amino acids was assigned. The molecular size of the polypeptide predicted from the amino acid composition was close to the value of PNL determined in E.carotovora Er. The nucleotide sequence of the 5'-flanking region showed the presence of the consensus sequence of ribosome binding site, Pribnow box and the RNA polymerase recognition site in E.carotovora and Escherichia coli. Between the presumed Pribnow box and the ribosome binding site, two pairs of inverted repeats were found. By comparing the predicted amino acid sequences of pnl, several reported bacterial pectate lyases and Aspergillus niger pectin lyase, short regions of homology were found despite the different substrate specificities of these enzymes.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Erwinia', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plasmids', 'Polysaccharide-Lyases', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Ribosomes', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 2,018,526
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.440.450.425.300', 'B03.660.250.150.175'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D08.811.520.241.700'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fat necrosis of the newborn--report on two cases.
|
Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn is an uncommon disorder occurring during the prenatal stage. Generally occurring in full-term neonates or during the first four weeks after a traumatic delivery, the disorder is characterized by the appearance of hard subcutaneous nodules or plaques on the trunk, buttocks or thighs. It is normally a benign and transient condition, although it may be complicated by hypocalcemia, which requires close monitoring until skin lesions are cured. The authors describe two cases of subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn, one occurring in a full-term neonate and the other in a premature newborn, both related to traumatic delivery and fetal distress.
|
['Fat Necrosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Subcutaneous Fat']
| 22,068,788
|
[['C23.550.717.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A10.165.114.830.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Production of a T-antigen-related protein in mammalian cells after stable transformation with a cloned SV40 gene fragment.
|
A recombinant plasmid based on pBR322 has been constructed which carries the replicator proximal early region of SV40 DNA, including the viral origin of replication (ORI). It lacks a major part of the tumour antigen 3'-coding region, the large T-antigen termination codon and the polyadenylation site. The recombinant plasmid was transferred together with the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene, as a selectable marker into mouse LTK- cells. Integration and expression of the cloned SV40 gene fragment in TK+ transformants could be demonstrated by DNA restriction and blot hybridization and by immunofluorescence techniques.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Antigens, Viral, Tumor', 'Cell Transformation, Viral', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Recombinant', 'DNA, Viral', 'Genes, Viral', 'L Cells', 'Mice', 'Plasmids', 'Simian virus 40', 'Simplexvirus', 'Thymidine Kinase']
| 6,281,154
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.327'], ['D23.050.285.062', 'D23.050.327.062'], ['C04.697.098.500.160', 'C23.550.727.098.500.160', 'G06.920.143'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.460'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.700', 'B04.613.204.670.615.700'], ['B04.280.382.100.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The nuclear export receptor XPO-1 supports primary miRNA processing in C. elegans and Drosophila.
|
MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis proceeds from a primary transcript (pri-miRNA) through the pre-miRNA into the mature miRNA. Here, we identify a role of the Caenorhabditis elegans nuclear export receptor XPO-1 and the cap-binding proteins CBP-20/NCBP-2 and CBP-80/NCBP-1 in this process. The RNA-mediated interference of any of these genes causes retarded heterochronic phenotypes similar to those observed for animals with mutations in the let-7 miRNA or core miRNA machinery genes. Moreover, pre- and mature miRNAs become depleted, whereas primary miRNA transcripts accumulate. An involvement of XPO-1 in miRNA biogenesis is conserved in Drosophila, in which knockdown of Embargoed/XPO-1 or its chemical inhibition through leptomycin B causes pri-miRNA accumulation. Our findings demonstrate that XPO-1/Emb promotes the pri-miRNA-to-pre-miRNA processing and we propose that this function involves intranuclear transport and/or nuclear export of primary miRNAs.
|
['Active Transport, Cell Nucleus', 'Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Drosophila', 'Karyopherins', 'MicroRNAs', 'Nuclear Cap-Binding Protein Complex', 'Phenotype', 'RNA Cap-Binding Proteins', 'RNA Interference', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear']
| 20,436,454
|
[['G03.143.310.100', 'G03.143.700.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.750.500', 'D12.776.543.585.750.500', 'D12.776.660.502'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D12.776.157.725.750.750', 'D12.776.664.962.750.750'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.157.725.750', 'D12.776.664.962.750'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D12.776.826']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ultrastructural organization and regulation of a biomaterial adhesin of Staphylococcus epidermidis.
|
Coagulase-negative staphylococci have emerged as important pathogens in infections associated with intravascular devices. Microbial adherence to biomaterial surfaces is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of these infections. Staphylococcal surface proteins (herein referred to as SSP-1 and SSP-2) are involved in the attachment of Staphylococcus epidermidis 354 to polystyrene. In the present study we show that the adhesin protrudes from the cell surface as a fimbria-like polymer. Furthermore, in vitro proteolytic cleavage of SSP-1 produces an SSP-2-like protein which coincides with a loss of adhesive function. SSP-1 expression is down-regulated in a phenotypical variant of S. epidermidis 354 whereas SSP-2 expression is not. These results could suggest that proteolytic cleavage is a key to the regulation of the adhesive state of S. epidermidis in vivo.
|
['Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Catheterization', 'Down-Regulation', 'Fimbriae, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Microspheres', 'Molecular Weight', 'Polystyrenes', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis', 'Trypsin']
| 8,550,477
|
[['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['A11.284.180.285', 'A20.843'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.565'], ['G02.494'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750.800.830', 'D05.750.716.579', 'D25.720.716.579', 'J01.637.051.720.716.579'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Extraction of a ruptured PTCA balloon catheter].
|
While attempting angioplasty of a very tight and long circumflex lesion with a metal-shafted monorail catheter, the flexible part of the balloon catheter shaft broke off within the guiding catheter. The lost piece of catheter was then retrieved from the coronary artery by using an on-the-wire balloon catheter that was inflated inside the distal end of the guiding catheter.
|
['Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Coronary Disease', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure', 'Female', 'Foreign Bodies', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged']
| 8,291,295
|
[['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325'], ['C26.392'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of diurnal temperature variation on microbial community and petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation in contaminated soils from a sub-Arctic site.
|
Contaminated soils are subject to diurnal and seasonal temperature variations during on-site ex-situ bioremediation processes. We assessed how diurnal temperature variations similar to that in summer at the site from which petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil was collected affect the soil microbial community and the extent of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons compared with constant temperature regimes. Microbial community analyses for 16S rRNA and alkB genes by pyrosequencing indicated that the microbial community for soils incubated under diurnal temperature variation from 5°C to 15°C (VART5-15) evolved similarly to that for soils incubated at constant temperature of 15°C (CST15). In contrast, under a constant temperature of 5°C (CST5), the community evolved significantly different. The extent of biodegradation of C10-C16 hydrocarbons in the VART5-15 systems was 48%, comparable with the 41% biodegradation in CST15 systems, but significantly higher than CST5 systems at 11%. The enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria was observed in the alkB gene-harbouring communities in VART5-15 and CST15 but not in CST5 systems. However, the Actinobacteria was abundant at all temperature regimes. The results suggest that changes in microbial community composition as a result of diurnal temperature variations can significantly influence petroleum hydrocarbon bioremediation performance in cold regions.
|
['Actinobacteria', 'Antarctic Regions', 'Arctic Regions', 'Base Sequence', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Cold Temperature', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Gammaproteobacteria', 'Hydrocarbons', 'Microbial Consortia', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Petroleum', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Seasons', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 25,808,640
|
[['B03.510.024', 'B03.510.460.400.400.049'], ['Z01.158'], ['Z01.208'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.660.250'], ['D02.455'], ['G06.591.750', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.750', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.500'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
PD-L1 on dendritic cells attenuates T cell activation and regulates response to immune checkpoint blockade.
|
Immune checkpoint blockade therapies have shown clinical promise in a variety of cancers, but how tumor-infiltrating T cells are activated remains unclear. In this study, we explore the functions of PD-L1 on dendritic cells (DCs), which highly express PD-L1. We observe that PD-L1 on DC plays a critical role in limiting T cell responses. Type 1 conventional DCs are essential for PD-L1 blockade and they upregulate PD-L1 upon antigen uptake. Upregulation of PD-L1 on DC is mediated by type II interferon. While DCs are the major antigen presenting cells for cross-presenting tumor antigens to T cells, subsequent PD-L1 upregulation protects them from killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, yet dampens the antitumor responses. Blocking PD-L1 in established tumors promotes re-activation of tumor-infiltrating T cells for tumor control. Our study identifies a critical and dynamic role of PD-L1 on DC, which needs to be harnessed for better invigoration of antitumor immune responses.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'Tumor Microenvironment', 'Up-Regulation']
| 32,973,173
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['G04.366.500'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of lymphocytes infiltrating the thyroid gland of Obese strain chickens.
|
Lymphocytes were isolated from the infiltrated thyroid glands of 2- to 5-wk-old Obese strain (OS) chickens with spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis (SAT). Immunofluorescence analysis performed by using a panel of monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies revealed that 60% of thyroid infiltrating leukocytes (TIL) were mature T cells, a large portion of which seemed to be in an activated state bearing Ia-like antigens (10%) as well as a surface determinant associated with T cell activation (16%), i.e., possibly the receptor for interleukin 2 (IL 2). Furthermore, a relatively high plasma cell content (5%) was observed. TIL exhibited high proliferative responses to T cell mitogens (concanavalin A, phytohemagglutinin) and IL 2, but only weak responses to the B cell mitogen LPS from Salmonella typhimurium. When injected into newly hatched, MHC-identical, irradiated normal chickens, TIL induced both the production of autoantibodies and thyroid infiltration. Peripheral lymphocytes from spleen and blood and thymocytes from the same OS donors had no effect. Analysis of chemically (cyclophosphamide) bursectomized OS chickens suggested that an intact B cell system was not obligatory for the induction of SAT. TIL from these chickens consisted of 77% T cells and less than 1% B lymphocytes, yet were capable of inducing severe thyroid infiltration upon transfer into normal recipients. These findings emphasize the importance of the T cell system in the initiation of SAT.
|
['Animals', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Cell Movement', 'Chickens', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Immunization, Passive', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroiditis']
| 3,897,375
|
[['B01.050'], ['C20.111'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330', 'E05.478.550.520'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A06.300.900'], ['C19.874.871']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Common principle of guidance by echolocation and vision.
|
1. Using echolocation, bats move as gracefully as birds through the cluttered environment, suggesting common principles of optic and acoustic guidance. We tested the idea by analysing braking control of bats (Macroderma gigas) flying through a narrow aperture with eyes covered and uncovered. 2. Though braking control would seem to require rapid detection of distance and velocity and computation of deceleration, simpler control is possible using the tau function of any sensory variable S that is a power function of distance to aperture. Tau function of S is tau (S) = S/S (the dot means time derivative). Controlled braking is achievable by keeping tau (S) constant. 3. Previous experiments indicated the tau (S) constant procedure is followed by humans and birds in visually controlling braking. Analysis of the bats' flight trajectories indicated they too followed the braking procedure using echolocation. 4. The tau function of echo-delay or of echo-intensity or of angle subtended by directions of echoes from two points on the approach surface could be used to control braking. Aperture size was modulated during flight on some trials in an attempt to test between these possibilities, but the results were inconclusive.
|
['Animals', 'Chiroptera', 'Conditioning, Operant', 'Echolocation', 'Female', 'Flight, Animal', 'Food', 'Reward', 'Vision, Ocular']
| 1,494,137
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.937'], ['F02.463.425.179.509'], ['F01.145.113.055.400'], ['G11.427.410.568.304', 'G11.427.410.698.416'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tumor development and cytokine production by human colon tissues and carcinoma cell lines.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Solid tumors evade the host immunologic responses they initiate by unknown mechanisms. The authors investigated patterns of cytokine content in human colon carcinomas, colon cancer cell lines in vitro, and nude mouse xenografts from those lines in order to clarify those mechanisms.METHODS: Epithelial tumor cell lines were developed from specimens of human colon adenocarcinoma. Aliquots of these cells were then xenografted into female heterozygous BALB/c nu/+ immunologically deficient mice and serially passaged. Original tumors, cell lines, and resultant xenografts were then analyzed for histology/cytology and for levels of TGF-beta and TNF-alpha by enzyme linked immunoassay.RESULTS: Cytokine levels were elevated beyond baseline mucosal levels in original tumors and xenograft mouse tumors but not detectable in extracts from epithelial cultures.CONCLUSIONS: While the precise source of cytokine production remains unclear, these data suggest tumor/host interactions not found in pure epithelial cancer cells in culture.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Animals', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 12,774,340
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Support in suicidal crises: the Swedish National Program to Develop Suicide Prevention. The Swedish National Council for Suicide Prevention.
|
The Swedish National Program to Develop Suicide Prevention was created through collaboration between the National Board of Health and Welfare, the National Institute of Public Health, and the Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention. These institutions aim to provide joint support for the development of suicide prevention in Sweden by, for example, encouraging educational and development project. The program was signed for the National Council for Suicide Prevention by Agneta Dreber, Director-General, National Institute of Public Health; Danula Wasserman, Professor of Psychiatry and Suicidology, Head, National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention; and Claes Ortendahl, Director-General, National Board of Health and Welfare. This article, edited by Jan Beskow, Professor of Psychiatry at the Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention, is an abridged version submitted to Crisis at the request of the Editors.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Crisis Intervention', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'National Health Programs', 'Organizational Objectives', 'Suicide', 'Sweden']
| 9,286,129
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F04.754.252'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.349.550'], ['N04.452.615'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Reversal of multidrug resistance by valinomycin is overcome by CCCP.
|
Reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance by valinomycin is overcome by the proton ionophore, CCCP. This effect, a complete suppression of the 5- to 10-fold valinomycin-induced reversal ("re-reversal"), exhibits a sharp extracellular potassium concentration ([K+(0)]) dependence. It is observed at [K+(0)] > 2-4 mM and not at [K+(0)] greater than or equal to 2 mM, in the case of the fluorescent substrates rhodamine 123 and daunorubicin. The fact that "re-reversal" is detected only for the combination of CCCP with valinomycin raises the possibility that a direct interaction between these ionophores may explain the phenomenon. We show spectroscopic evidence of such an interaction, with a [K+(0)]-dependence similar to that of the "re-reversal." These data suggest that the reversal of P-glycoprotein activity by valinomycin can be compromised by anionic compounds such as CCCP due to complex formation. More generally, molecular interactions involving P-glycoprotein substrates or reversing agents may significantly affect drug accumulation in multidrug resistant cells.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone', 'Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone', 'Coloring Agents', 'Daunorubicin', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple', 'Humans', 'Ionophores', 'KB Cells', 'Kinetics', 'Potassium', 'Rhodamine 123', 'Rhodamines', 'Valinomycin', 'Vinblastine']
| 8,604,982
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['D02.442.288.200', 'D02.626.260'], ['D02.442.288.220', 'D02.626.270'], ['D27.720.233'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['G07.690.773.984.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.562.374', 'D27.720.395'], ['A11.251.210.190.400.500', 'A11.251.860.180.400.500', 'A11.436.340.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D03.633.300.953.600.500'], ['D03.633.300.953.600'], ['D04.345.566.297.500', 'D12.644.641.297.500'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.650', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Valpromide (Depamide) in the treatment of acute psychotic states. Open clinical study].
|
In an open clinical study on the effect of Depamide in acute psychosis, 59 schizophrenic and 23 manic hospitalized patients were tested. They were divided in two groups: in group A, Depamide was administered only after an initial period of treatment with haloperidol or chlorpromazine; in group B instead, Depamide was added from the beginning of the neuroleptic treatment. The results show that the association of Depamide with neuroleptics leads to a reduction of agitation and of the hospitalization period, whereas it ameliorates the adaptation of the patients to the therapeutic milieu.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Chlorpromazine', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Haloperidol', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Schizophrenia', 'Valproic Acid']
| 2,875,606
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['F03.084.500'], ['D02.886.369.198', 'D03.633.300.783.198'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.700.750'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative angiographic measurements of isolated left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis. Correlation with exercise echocardiography and technetium-99m 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile single-photon emission computed tomography.
|
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess the value of quantitative coronary arteriography in predicting an ischemic response at exercise echocardiography and technetium-99m 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (mibi) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in patients with single-vessel disease of the left anterior descending coronary artery.BACKGROUND: The relation between severity of coronary stenosis and ischemic response to exercise echocardiography and perfusion scintigraphy in patients with single-vessel left anterior descending coronary artery disease is not well established.METHODS: Thirty-one patients without a previous myocardial infarction who had isolated stenosis of varying degrees in the proximal or midportion of the left anterior descending coronary artery were studied. Quantitative arteriographic analysis was used for measurements of percent diameter stenosis and minimal lumen diameter. Exercise-induced wall motion abnormalities by echocardiography and transient perfusion defects by mibi SPECT were considered a positive response. The analysis of sensitivity/specificity and receiver operating characteristic curves was applied to establish the diagnostic power of quantitative coronary arteriography to predict an ischemic response to exercise echocardiography and mibi SPECT:RESULTS: The "best" angiographic cutoff values for predicting a positive exercise echocardiographic and scintigraphic response were similar (diameter stenosis 52%, minimal lumen diameter 1.12 mm for echocardiography; diameter stenosis 49%, minimal lumen diameter 1.20 mm for SPECT). However, the sensitivity/specificity at the cross point was slightly higher (even if not statistically significant) for echocardiography than for SPECT, both for diameter stenosis (81% vs. 67%) and minimal lumen diameter (81% vs. 74%), suggesting that quantitative coronary arteriographic measurements are more closely related to echocardiographic than scintigraphic exercise test results.CONCLUSIONS: The functional significance of a proximal/mid-left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis measured by quantitative coronary arteriography is slightly better related to echocardiographic than scintigraphic markers of exercise-induced myocardial ischemia.
|
['Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Disease', 'Echocardiography', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'ROC Curve', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon']
| 7,759,695
|
[['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D02.626.872', 'D02.691.825.937'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Functional association of nuclear protein 4.1 with pre-mRNA splicing factors.
|
Protein 4.1 is a multifunctional polypeptide that links transmembrane proteins with the underlying spectrin/actin cytoskeleton. Recent studies have shown that protein 4.1 is also present in the nucleus, localized in domains enriched in splicing factors. Here we further analyze the relationship between protein 4. 1 and components of the splicing machinery. Using HeLa nuclear extracts capable of supporting the splicing of pre-mRNAs in vitro, we show that anti-4.1 antibodies specifically immunoprecipitate pre-mRNA and splicing intermediates. Immunodepletion of protein 4.1 from HeLa nuclear extracts results in inhibition of their splicing activity, as assayed with two different pre-mRNA substrates. Coprecipitation of protein 4.1 from HeLa nuclear extracts with proteins involved in the processing of pre-mRNA further suggests an association between nuclear protein 4.1 and components of the splicing apparatus. The molecular cloning of a 4.1 cDNA encoding the isoform designated 4.1E has allowed us to show that this protein is targeted to the nucleus, that it associates with the splicing factor U2AF35, and that its overexpression induces the redistribution of the splicing factor SC35. Based on our combined biochemical and localization results, we propose that 4.1 proteins are part of nuclear structures to which splicing factors functionally associate, most likely for storage purposes.
|
['Animals', 'COS Cells', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Dogs', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA Precursors', 'RNA Splicing', 'Transfection']
| 9,645,944
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D13.400.730', 'D13.444.735.640'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The self-care profiles and its determinants among adults with hypertension in primary health care clinics in Selangor, Malaysia.
|
INTRODUCTION: Self-care has been shown to improve clinical outcome of hypertension. Gauging the level of self-care among patients with hypertension enables the design of their personalized care plans. This study aimed to determine the self-care profiles and its determinants among patients with hypertension in the Malaysian primary care setting.METHODS: This was a cross sectional study conducted between 1 October 2016-30 April 2017 in three primary care clinics in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. All adults aged 18 years and above with hypertension for at least 6 months were recruited with a systematic random sampling of 1:2 ratio. The participants were assisted in the administration of the structured questionnaire, which included socio-demographic information, medical information and the Hypertension Self-Care Profile (HTN SCP) tool. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0. Multiple linear regression was performed to determine the determinants for self-care.RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 59.5 (SD10.2) years old. There were more women (52.5%) and most were Malays (44.0%) follow by Chinese (34%) and Indians (21%). Majority (84.2%) had secondary or primary school level of education. A third (30.7%) had a family history of hypertension. The mean total HTN-SCP score was 124.2 (SD 22.8) out of 180. The significant determinants that influenced the HTN-SCP scores included being men (B-4.5, P-value0.008), Chinese ethnicity (B-14.7, P-value<0.001), primary level education/no formal school education level (B-15.7, P-value<0.001), secondary level education (B-9.2, P-value<0.001) and family history of hypertension (B 4.4, P-value 0.014).CONCLUSIONS: The overall hypertension self-care profile among patients in this multi-ethnic country was moderate. Being men, Chinese, lower education level and without family history of hypertension were associated with lower hypertension self-care profile score. Healthcare intervention programmes to address self-care should target this group of patients.
|
['Aged', 'Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Educational Status', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Malaysia', 'Male', 'Medical History Taking', 'Middle Aged', 'Primary Health Care', 'Self Care', 'Sex Factors']
| 31,693,677
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['N02.278.035'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['Z01.252.145.487'], ['E01.370.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Complex formation between the adenovirus DNA-binding protein and single-stranded poly(rA). Cooperativity and salt dependence.
|
The complex formed between adenovirus DNA-binding protein (AdDBP) and poly(rA) was investigated with circular dichroism spectroscopy. The binding process was studied at a variety of salt concentrations, and the titration curves were analyzed according to the contiguous cooperative binding model given by McGhee and von Hippel [McGhee, J.D., & von Hippel, P.H. (1974) J. Mol. Biol. 86, 469-489]. The cooperativity factor omega of the binding process is low (omega approximately 20-30) and independent of the salt concentration. This in contrast to the binding constant K for which a moderately strong salt dependence is observed: delta log (K omega)/delta log [NaCl] = -3.1. The size of the binding site was consistently calculated to be about 13. We also studied the C-terminal 39-kDa fragment which is sufficient for DNA replication in vitro. Complex formation between this fragment of AdDBP and poly(rA) appeared to be characterized by spectroscopic and binding properties similar to those of the intact protein. Only, the binding constant in 50 mM NaCl is a factor of 5 lower.
|
['Adenoviridae', 'Circular Dichroism', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Poly A', 'Viral Proteins']
| 2,611,264
|
[['B04.280.030'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of tumour promoters on metabolic cooperation between human hepatoma cells.
|
Metabolic cooperation between cells from three human hepatoma cell lines was studied by the clonogenic method and by autoradiography. It was found that human HGPRT+/HGPRT- SK-HEP-1 cells only, showed a metabolic cooperation capacity that was inhibited by tumour promoters 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and phenobarbital, and was not inhibited by the non-promoter 4-O-methyl TPA, provided suitable experimental conditions (short exposure times) were used. This biological system might be the basis of a new in vitro short-term screening test for potential tumour-promoting chemicals.
|
['Carcinogens', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Communication', 'Cell Line', 'Humans', 'Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Phenobarbital', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate']
| 3,013,443
|
[['D27.888.569.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.450'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D03.383.742.698.253.650'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Selective bowel decontamination for the prevention of infection in acute myelogenous leukemia: a prospective randomized trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Infection is still a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) patients receiving chemotherapy. Recently the main cause of infection has changed from gram-negative to gram-positive bacteria and the resistance to antibiotics has increased. This study aimed to access the effectiveness of antimicrobial prophylaxis (AP) with orally absorbable antibiotics.METHODS: Ninety-five AML patients receiving chemotherapy at Catholic Hemopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center from March 1999 to July 1999 were randomly divided into the AP group (250 mg ciprofloxacin twice a day, 150 mg roxithromycin twice a day, 50 mg fluconazole once a day) and the control group for a prospective analysis.RESULTS: The incidence of fever was 82.6% in the AP group and 91.6% in the control group (p = 0.15). Though classification and sites of infections showed no difference between the two groups, the catheter associated infection occurred more frequently in the AP group in significance. The time interval between initiation of chemotherapy and onset of fever, white blood cell (WBC) count at the onset of fever, duration of leukopenia (WBC < 1,000/mm3), duration of systemic antibiotic therapy, mortality due to infection and hospitalization period from the data starting chemotherapy showed no differences between the two groups. Infections due to gram negative bacteria decreased to 33.3% in the AP group (vs. 92% in the control group), but infections due to gram positive bacteria increased to 66.7% (vs. 8% in the control group). Gram negative bacteria showed 100% resistance to ciprofloxacin in the AP group and gram-positive bacteria showed 90-100% resistance to erythromycin, regardless of the presence of AP.CONCLUSION: The AP could not reduce the occurrence of infection or infection associated death in AML patients receiving chemotherapy. On considering increased gram-positive infection and resistance to fluoroquinolone and macrolide, routine prescription of AP should be reconsidered. Further studies that assess the effectiveness of AP in other malignancies, aplastic anemia and bone marrow transplantation are required.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Antibiotic Prophylaxis', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Fever', 'Fluconazole', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutropenia', 'Prospective Studies', 'Roxithromycin', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,014,211
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['E02.319.162.150', 'E02.319.703.150'], ['C01.150.252'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['D03.383.129.799.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D02.540.576.500.992.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[A case of abdominal desmoid causing urinary tract obstruction].
|
A 62-year-old male patient presented with a complaint of the lower abdominal distention. Ultrasonography demonstrated bilateral hydronephroses and a huge heterogeneous mass in the pelvic cavity. Excretory urogram showed left-non visualized kidney and right-hydronephrosis. CT showed a heterogenous mass, situating 25 cm in diameter, adjacent to the left side of the bladder. Tumor resection was carried out on May 17th of 1994. Histopathological diagnosis of the surgical specimen was abdominal desmoid with HE stain.
|
['Abdominal Neoplasms', 'Fibromatosis, Aggressive', 'Humans', 'Hydronephrosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ureteral Obstruction']
| 8,533,683
|
[['C04.588.033'], ['C04.557.450.565.590.340.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.307', 'C13.351.968.419.307'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.725.776', 'C13.351.968.725.776']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A novel ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase from the hydrogen-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacterium Hydrogenobacter thermophilus TK-6.
|
Glutamate synthases are classified according to their specificities for electron donors. Ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthases had been found only in plants and cyanobacteria, whereas many bacteria have NADPH-dependent glutamate synthases. In this study, Hydrogenobacter thermophilus, a hydrogen-oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacterium, was shown to possess a ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase like those of phototrophs. This is the first observation, to our knowledge, of a ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthase in a nonphotosynthetic organism. The purified enzyme from H. thermophilus was shown to be a monomer of a 168-kDa polypeptide homologous to ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthases from phototrophs. In contrast to known ferredoxin-dependent glutamate synthases, the H. thermophilus glutamate synthase exhibited glutaminase activity. Furthermore, this glutamate synthase did not react with a plant-type ferredoxin (Fd3 from this bacterium) containing a [2Fe-2S] cluster but did react with bacterial ferredoxins (Fd1 and Fd2 from this bacterium) containing [4Fe-4S] clusters. Interestingly, the H. thermophilus glutamate synthase was activated by some of the organic acids in the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle, the central carbon metabolic pathway of this organism. This type of activation has not been reported for any other glutamate synthases, and this property may enable the control of nitrogen assimilation by carbon metabolism.
|
['Bacteria', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'DNA Primers', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Ferredoxins', 'Glutamate Synthase', 'Hydrogen', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 17,237,175
|
[['B03'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D12.776.097.350', 'D12.776.157.427.374.375.275', 'D12.776.556.579.374.375.275', 'D12.776.765.319'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.470', 'D08.811.913.477.700.470'], ['D01.268.406', 'D01.362.340'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Solubilization of full-length amyloid precursor proteins from PC12 cell membranes.
|
The amyloid beta protein (A beta) of Alzheimer disease (AD) is derived from the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor proteins (APP), which are considered type I transmembrane proteins. Production of A beta from a transmembrane precursor predicts a proteolytic cleavage within the lipid bilayer, a site relatively inaccessible to proteases. Here we show that incubation of a membrane fraction of PC12 cells at 37 degrees C results in the solubilization of an APP species which migrates on SDS-PAGE as full-length APP. The release of this full-length APP was pH-dependent with a peak of activity of pH 9.0. At this pH about 19% of the membrane APP was released from the active subcellular fraction. Under the same conditions other transmembrane proteins remained insoluble. Very little APP was solubilized at 4 degrees C. APP solubilization was specifically inhibited by the serine protease inhibitors aprotinin and pefabloc. Other protease inhibitors, including leupeptin and alpha 1-antitrypsin, had no effect. Several metal cations, including Ca++ and Zn++, also inhibited release of soluble full-length APP. Low levels of full-length APP were also detected in both the soluble fraction of PC12 cell extracts and in the media of PC12 cell cultures. These data suggest the involvement of a serine protease in the solubilization of membrane, full-length APP. The release of this APP could provide a soluble substrate for the proteolytic enzymes involved in the production of A beta.
|
['Amyloid', 'Animals', 'Aprotinin', 'Calcium', 'Cell Membrane', 'Culture Media, Conditioned', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'PC12 Cells', 'Prions', 'Protease Inhibitors', 'Protein Precursors', 'Rats', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Solubility', 'Sulfones', 'Temperature', 'Zinc']
| 7,530,778
|
[['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.083'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D27.720.470.305.250', 'E07.206.250'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A11.251.210.190.750', 'A11.251.860.180.750', 'A11.299.500'], ['D12.776.785'], ['D27.505.519.389.745'], ['D12.776.811'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['G02.805'], ['D02.886.590'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Transformation and physical properties of R-factor RP4 transferred from Escherichia coli to Rhizobium trifolii.
|
Transformation of R-factor RP4 specifying resistance to ampicillin, kanamycin, and tetracycline from Escherichia coli to Rhizobium trifolii is reported. Partially purified RP4 deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the donor strain E. coli J5-3 that carried the R-factor was prepared by the lysozyme-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid-Triton X-100 procedure and was used in transformation experiments with R. trifolii as recipient. The frequency of transformation of the R-factor into R. trifolii was 1.3 x 10(-4). Dye buoyant density and sucrose gradient centrifugation of R. trifolii DNA showed that the expression of the specified drug resistance of RP4 by R. trifolii was accompanied by the acquisition of an extrachromosomal, satellite DNA component which has indistinguishable physical properties from the R-factor in the donor strain. The significance of the transformation is discussed.
|
['Ampicillin', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Circular', 'Escherichia coli', 'Kanamycin', 'Penicillin Resistance', 'Rhizobium', 'Tetracycline', 'Thymidine', 'Transformation, Genetic', 'Tritium']
| 4,584,801
|
[['D02.065.589.099.750.750.050', 'D02.886.108.750.750.050', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.050'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.283', 'G02.111.570.820.486.212', 'G05.360.580.156'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D09.408.051.476'], ['G06.099.225.500.600', 'G06.225.347.500.600', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600'], ['B03.440.400.425.700.800', 'B03.585.900', 'B03.660.050.662.670'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.875', 'D04.615.562.900.875'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705'], ['G05.728.865'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is associated with lower mortality in patients who have severe hypoxemic respiratory failure: A retrospective multicenter cohort study.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to compare outcomes in patients who had severe hypoxemic respiratory failure (Pao2/fraction of inspired oxygen <100) who received early veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as an adjunct to mechanical ventilation, to those in patients who received conventional mechanical ventilation alone.MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a multicenter, retrospective unmatched and matched cohort study of patients admitted between April 2006 and December 2013. Generalized logistic mixed-effects models and Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the association between treatment with ECMO that was started within 3 days of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and ICU and hospital mortality and length of stay, respectively.RESULTS: A total of 2440 patients who had severe hypoxemic respiratory failure due to various etiologies were included, 46 who received early veno-venous ECMO and 2394 unmatched and 398 matched controls who received conventional ventilation alone. Compared to matched controls, ECMO was associated with a lower odds of ICU (odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 0.30 [0.13-0.67]) and inhospital death (odds ratio 0.30 [0.14-0.67]). In addition, ECMO was associated with longer times to discharge from ICU and hospital (hazard ratio, 0.42 [0.37-0.47] and 0.53 [0.38-0.73], respectively).CONCLUSIONS: In this observational study, use of early ECMO compared to conventional mechanical ventilation alone in patients who had severe hypoxemic respiratory failure was associated with a lower risk of mortality and a longer length of stay.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'British Columbia', 'Cohort Studies', 'Critical Care', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,971,033
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Forward versus backward walking: transfer of podokinetic adaptation.
|
We asked whether podokinetic adaptation to walking on a circular treadmill transfers to different forms of locomotion. Subjects were blindfolded and asked to walk straight across the floor, in the forward and backward directions, following podokinetic (PK) stimulation that consisted of 30 min of forward walking-in-place on the perimeter of a disk rotating in the clockwise direction. During both forward and backward walking following forward-walking PK stimulation, subjects involuntarily walked along curved trajectories at angular velocities well above vestibular threshold, although they perceived that they were walking along straight paths. The curved paths of forward and backward walking were indistinguishable from one another. Transfer of PK adaptations acquired during forward walking on the turntable to backward walking trials suggests that the PK system controls general locomotor trajectory. Adaptation of the system thus influences forms of locomotion other than that used during acquisition of the adaptation. This transfer also supports the concept that forward and backward walking are controlled by neural networks that share common elements. An interesting feature of the transfer of PK adaptation is that for both forward and backward walking, subjects turned in a counterclockwise direction. As such, the direction of relative rotation between the trunk and feet was maintained for both forward and backward walking. However, the relationship of the lower extremities to the center of rotation was not preserved. The left limb was the inner leg during PK stimulation and forward walking after adaptation, but the left leg was the outer leg during backward walking. These results suggest that PK adaptation affects general locomotor trajectory via a remodeling of the rotational relationship between the trunk and the feet.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Vestibule, Labyrinth', 'Walking']
| 11,600,630
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['A09.246.300.909'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cytoplasmic dynein is involved in nuclear migration in Aspergillus nidulans.
|
Nuclear migration plays an important role in the growth and development of many organisms including the multinuclear fungus Aspergillus nidulans. We have identified four genes, nudA, nudC, nudF, and nudG, in which temperature-sensitive mutations affect nuclear distribution. In this report, we describe the cloning of the nudA gene by complementation of the mutant phenotype by using a chromosome VIII-specific cosmid library. A genomic fragment of nudA hybridized to an mRNA of approximately 14 kb. Sequencing analysis of nudA revealed four ATP-binding sites that are characteristic of the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain. The amino acid sequence of the nudA gene product shows 52% overall identity with the rat brain cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain. Our study provides in vivo evidence that dynein, a microtubule motor molecule, plays a role in the nuclear migration process.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Aspergillus nidulans', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Cytoplasm', 'Dyneins', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Genetic Complementation Test', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Phenotype', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Temperature']
| 8,134,356
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.300.381.081.420'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['E05.393.220'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['D08.811.277.040.013.500.063', 'D08.811.277.040.025.024.063', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.249', 'D12.776.157.025.750.063', 'D12.776.220.600.200'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['E05.393.281.526'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pineal-specific agouti protein regulates teleost background adaptation.
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Background adaptation is used by teleosts as one of a variety of camouflage mechanisms for avoidance of predation. Background adaptation is known to involve light sensing by the retina and subsequent regulation of melanophore dispersion or contraction in melanocytes, mediated by á-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and melanin-concentrating hormone, respectively. Here, we demonstrate that an agouti gene unique to teleosts, agrp2, is specifically expressed in the pineal and is required for up-regulation of hypothalamic pmch and pmchl mRNA and melanosome contraction in dermal melanocytes in response to a white background. floating head, a mutant with defective pineal development, exhibits defective up-regulation of mch mRNAs by white background, whereas nrc, a blind mutant, exhibits a normal response. These studies identify a role for the pineal in background adaptation in teleosts, a unique physiological function for the agouti family of proteins, and define a neuroendocrine axis by which environmental background regulates pigmentation.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Agouti-Related Protein', 'Animals', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Melanosomes', 'Pigmentation', 'Pineal Gland', 'Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1', 'Zebrafish']
| 20,980,662
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['D12.644.276.074', 'D12.776.467.074', 'D23.529.074'], ['B01.050'], ['G05.308'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500.560', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190.560', 'A11.409.750.560', 'A11.436.265.531.560', 'A11.436.613.560'], ['E01.370.600.620', 'G16.690'], ['A06.300.635', 'A06.688.733', 'A08.186.211.180.200.680', 'A08.186.211.200.317.200.620', 'A08.713.733'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.430.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.285.500.500', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.285.500.500', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.285.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dietary pectin's effect on ileal and fecal amino acid digestibility and exocrine pancreatic secretions in growing pigs.
|
The effect of dietary pectin on apparent ileal and fecal digestibilities of protein and amino acids and on pancreatic secretions was studied in two experiments with growing pigs (initial weight 70 kg). Four barrows were fitted with simple T-cannulas for collection of ileal digesta; another four barrows were fitted with permanent re-entrant cannulas for collection, sampling and subsequent return of pancreatic juice. Dietary pectin included at a level of 7.5 g/100 g in a cornstarch-based diet significantly depressed apparent ileal and fecal protein and amino acid digestibilities. This depression in the small intestine could be attributed to both an increase in endogenous protein secretions and a decrease in the efficiency of digestion. In the large intestine, pectin was used by intestinal microbes as the principal energy source to catabolize nitrogenous compounds and to stimulate bacterial nitrogen assimilation, thus altering the amino acid profile of protein voided in feces. The inclusion of pectin did not affect the flow of pancreatic juice or the total secretion of protein, lipase, trypsin and chymotrypsin. However, there was a significantly lower secretion of alpha-amylase, which was a direct result of the replacement of starch by pectin. The results demonstrate that pectin may have a detrimental effect on the processes of protein digestion and absorption but does not affect the secretion of pancreatic proteolytic enzymes in pigs.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Aspartic Acid', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Digestion', 'Feces', 'Glutamates', 'Glutamic Acid', 'Glycine', 'Ileum', 'Male', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Juice', 'Pectins', 'Phenylalanine', 'Proline', 'Serine', 'Swine', 'Threonine', 'Trypsin', 'Valine', 'alpha-Amylases']
| 7,914,917
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.067.500', 'D12.125.119.170', 'D12.125.427.040'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['G07.203.650.250', 'G10.261.190'], ['A12.459'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['D12.125.067.625.349', 'D12.125.119.409.349', 'D12.125.427.300'], ['D12.125.481'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['A03.734'], ['A12.200.567'], ['D05.750.078.738', 'D09.698.670', 'D20.215.784.500.618'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['D12.125.154.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930'], ['D08.811.277.450.066.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer: Oncology Nurses Report Attitudes and Barriers to Discussing Fertility Preservation.
|
BACKGROUND: Fertility issues have been found to be an important topic for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. Medical technology has made fertility preservation (FP) increasingly effective for postpubertal patients whose treatment course may inhibit their future ability to achieve biologic parenthood. Oncology providers' recommendations have been shown to vary, potentially affecting patients' decision-making processes regarding FP.OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to assess oncology nurses' recommendations for patients to consider FP options and to explore what patient-related factors may influence discussion of FP with AYAs with cancer.METHODS: 116 oncology nurses participated in this study and were randomized to read one of four vignettes about a patient whose proposed treatment course could affect his or her fertility. Participants' recommendations to partake in FP were analyzed to test for differences by patient age and gender. Open-ended responses to questions about their experiences as oncology nurses were analyzed descriptively.FINDINGS: Nurses strongly recommended that all patients explore FP options before the start of treatment. Oncology nurses endorsed stronger opinions that young adult female patients should be given independent decision-making power to delay treatment for FP, compared to male and female adolescent patients and young adult male patients. Participants mentioned barriers to discussions that included concerns about exacerbating negative emotions and the decision-making capacity of young patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Communication', 'Decision Making', 'Female', 'Fertility Preservation', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Nurse Clinicians', 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Oncology Nursing', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Sex Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Survivors', 'Young Adult']
| 27,441,525
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['E02.875.800.625', 'E04.936.537.562', 'E05.820.800.625'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['M01.526.485.650.648.525', 'N02.360.650.648.525'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['H02.478.676.605', 'N02.421.533.600'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.860'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Subjective visual perception after laser treatment of myopia on two types of lasers].
|
AIM: Comparison of subjective evaluation of patients with low and moderate myopia undergoing photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and Laser in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) on two types of excimer lasers: Schwind Esiris and Schwind Amaris.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were divided into two groups according to the type of laser that was used. Group A comprised of 23 patients (14 females, 9 males) of average age 33.1 years (range 21-51 years), with an average spherical equivalent before operation of -3.5D. Using the excimer laser Esiris (Schwind, Germany), 10 patients had undergone PRK and 13 LASIK. Group B comprised of 32 patients (21 females, 11 males), of average age 31.9 years (range 22-48 years). Median spherical equivalent before operation was -3.05D. With the excimer laser Amaris (Schwind, Germany) 17 patients had undergone PRK and 15 LASIK. For the subjective evaluation we set up a questioner consisting of 21 questions that were aimed on the quality of vision under various illumination types and intensities, vision under various distances, activities and also questions concerning superficial sensitivity of the anterior segment of the eye.RESULTS: We detected a 100% satisfaction one year after refractive laser treatment with both laser types. Statistical improvement was evident by one month after treatment in both patient groups and upto 12 months it progressively increased. Statistically significant differences were noted one month after treatment, where patients in group B were more satisfied in questions concerning quality of vision, distance vision, while watching TV and driving during daytime and during the night. During further follow-up, results were comparable between both groups.CONCLUSIONS: Temporary patient satisfaction treated with laser Amaris is apparently due to the result of a more sparing treatment and thus fewer changes in the corneal stroma.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myopia', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Photorefractive Keratectomy', 'Vision, Ocular', 'Young Adult']
| 21,394,978
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594.480.750', 'E04.014.520.480.750', 'E04.378.500.750', 'E04.540.825.437.374'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.744.636'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['E02.594.480.875', 'E04.014.520.480.875', 'E04.378.500.875', 'E04.540.825.437.500'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Discharge Readiness after Tricompartment Knee Arthroplasty: Adductor Canal versus Femoral Continuous Nerve Blocks-A Dual-center, Randomized Trial.
|
BACKGROUND: The authors conducted a randomized, controlled, parallel-arm, superiority study to test the hypothesis that a continuous adductor canal block decreases the time to attain four discharge criteria compared with a continuous femoral nerve block after tricompartment knee arthroplasty.METHODS: Subjects undergoing tricompartment knee arthroplasty were randomized using computer-generated lists to either an adductor canal or femoral perineural catheter (3-day ropivacaine 0.2% infusion) in an unmasked manner. The primary outcome was the time to attain four criteria: (1) adequate analgesia; (2) intravenous opioids independence; (3) ability to stand, walk 3 m, return, and sit down; and (4) ambulate 30 m.RESULTS: Subjects with an adductor canal catheter (n = 39) reached all four criteria in a median of 55 h (interquartile, 42 to 63 h) compared with 61 h (49 to 69 h) for those with a femoral catheter (n = 41; 95% CI, -13 to 1 h; P = 0.12). The percentage of subjects who reached the two mobilization criteria on postoperative days 1 and 2 were 72 and 95% for those with an adductor canal catheter (n = 39), but only 27 and 76% in subjects with a femoral catheter (n = 41; both P < 0.001). Differences in pain scores at rest and intravenous opioid requirements were minimal, but femoral infusion improved dynamic analgesia (P = 0.01 to 0.02).CONCLUSION: Compared with a continuous femoral nerve block, a continuous adductor canal block did not appreciably decrease the time to overall discharge readiness even though it did decrease the time until adequate mobilization, primarily because both groups experienced similar analgesia and intravenous opioid requirements that--in most cases--exceeded the time to mobilization.
|
['Aged', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Autonomic Nerve Block', 'Catheterization', 'Catheters, Indwelling', 'Female', 'Femoral Nerve', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Patient Discharge', 'Ultrasonography']
| 26,079,800
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['E03.155.086.711.299', 'E04.525.210.550.500'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E07.132.500'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prevalence and correlates of benzodiazepine use and misuse among young adults who use prescription opioids non-medically.
|
BACKGROUND: Benzodiazepine use dramatically increases the risk of unintentional overdose among people who use opioids non-medically. However, little is known about the patterns of co-occurring benzodiazepine and opioid use among young adults in the United States.METHODS: The Rhode Island Young Adult Prescription Drug Study (RAPiDS) was a cross-sectional study from January 2015-February 2016. RAPiDS recruited 200 young adults aged 18-29 who reported past 30-day non-medical prescription opioid (NMPO) use. Using Wilcoxon rank sum test and Fisher's exact test, we examined correlates associated with regular prescribed and non-medical use (defined as at least monthly) of benzodiazepines among NMPO users in Rhode Island.RESULTS: Among participants, 171 (85.5%) reported lifetime benzodiazepine use and 125 (62.5%) reported regular benzodiazepine use. Nearly all (n=121, 96.8%) reported non-medical use and 43 (34.4%) reported prescribed use. Compared to the 75 participants who did not regularly use benzodiazepines, participants who reported regular use were more likely to be white (66.3% vs. 58.0%, p=0.03), have ever been incarcerated (52.8% vs. 37.3%, p=0.04), and have ever been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder (bipolar: 29.6% vs. 16.0%, p=0.04; anxiety: 56.8 vs. 36.0%, p=0.01). Although the association was marginally significant, accidental overdose was higher among those who were prescribed the benzodiazepine they used most frequently compared to those who were not (41.9% vs. 24.4%, p=0.06).CONCLUSION: Benzodiazepine use and misuse are highly prevalent among young adult NMPO users. Harm reduction and prevention programs for this population are urgently needed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Benzodiazepines', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Harm Reduction', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mood Disorders', 'Opioid-Related Disorders', 'Prescription Drug Misuse', 'Prevalence', 'Rhode Island', 'United States', 'Young Adult']
| 29,241,103
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['D03.633.100.079.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.477'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.600'], ['C25.775.643.500', 'F03.900.647.500'], ['E02.319.306.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.680'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Organ transplantations: the rights of donors.
|
History of organ transplantation dating back to 3500 BC is briefly surveyed as well as modern legislation with specific reference to Portugal. The importance and necessity for medical and legal certification of death is discussed as are the rights of the organ donor.
|
['Death Certificates', 'Human Rights', 'Humans', 'Portugal', 'Tissue Donors', 'Transplantation']
| 2,516,192
|
[['E05.318.308.940.350', 'L01.399.250.900.350', 'N04.452.859.264', 'N05.715.360.300.715.315', 'N06.850.520.308.940.350'], ['I01.880.604.473', 'N03.706.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.727'], ['M01.898'], ['E04.936']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Diagnosis of extruded disk hernia].
|
The diagnosis of an extruded prolapsed intervertebral disc is a contra-indication to chymonucleolysis. The authors tried to define the diagnosis by comparing clinical signs, radiculography and operative findings in 98 patients. There is no characteristic clinical sign. On radiculography, there is no pathognomonic sign of an extruded prolapsed intervertebral disc, which is difficult to distinguish from an extra-ligamentous prolapse. However, the image of compression or amputation situated above or below the disc, especially when it is irregular should make one strongly suspect the diagnosis.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc Displacement', 'Radiography']
| 7,156,821
|
[['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.307', 'C23.300.707.952'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Treatment of growth failure with human growth hormone in patients with juvenile chronic arthritis. A pilot study.
|
Six children with JCA and one with SLE, aged 11.7 to 17.1 years, have been treated with human growth hormone (hGH) for six months to three years because of growth retardation. Their height SDS score ranged from -2.4 to -6.4. All have been treated with corticosteroids for 8.4 years on average. The doses of prednisolone were low at the start of the hGH therapy (mean 1.25 mg/day or 2.75 mg/alternate day). Daily doses of hGH ranged from 0.07 to 0.2 IU/kg body weight and day. The growth rate increased during the first year in all but one patient. The mean pretreatment growth rate was 2.8 cm (range 0.3 to 5.7) and had risen to 6.7 cm/year (range 2.8 to 12.4) after one year of treatment. Four patients entered puberty during the first year of treatment. No adverse side effects were observed. Further studies on greater number of patients and follow-up into adult life are needed in order to establish the efficacy of hGH therapy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Arthritis, Juvenile', 'Body Height', 'Child', 'Female', 'Growth', 'Growth Disorders', 'Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pilot Projects', 'Puberty', 'Time Factors']
| 2,060,178
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C05.550.114.122', 'C05.799.056', 'C17.300.775.049', 'C20.111.198'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.345.249'], ['C23.550.393'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Whole genome sequencing reveals an outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis associated with reptile feeder mice in the United Kingdom, 2012-2015.
|
Analysis of whole genome sequencing data uncovered a previously undetected outbreak of Salmonella Enteritidis that had been on-going for four years. Cases were resident in all countries of the United Kingdom and 40% of the cases were aged less than 11 years old. Initial investigations revealed that 30% of cases reported exposure to pet snakes. A case-control study was designed to test the hypothesis that exposure to reptiles or their feed were risk factors. A robust case-definition, based on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profile, increased the power of the analytical study. Following univariable and multivariable analysis, exposure to snakes was the only variable independently associated with infection (Odds ratio 810 95% CI (85-7715) p < 0.001). Isolates of S. Enteritidis belonging to the outbreak profile were recovered from reptile feeder mice sampled at the retail and wholesale level. Control measures included improved public health messaging at point of sale, press releases and engagement with public health and veterinary counterparts across Europe. Mice destined to be fed to reptiles are not regarded as pet food and are not routinely tested for pathogenic bacteria. Routine microbiological testing to ensure feeder mice are free from Salmonella is recommended.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Phylogeny', 'Rats', 'Salmonella Infections', 'Salmonella enteritidis', 'Snakes', 'United Kingdom', 'Whole Genome Sequencing', 'Young Adult', 'Zoonoses']
| 29,366,466
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N06.850.290'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.300', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['E05.393.760.700.825'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A behind-the-numbers look at rising Rx costs.
|
Spending more on drugs saves health care dollars, by heading off complications of chronic disease. That was the conventional wisdom--until spiraling costs convinced cost-conscious employers to take a closer look at the pharmacy budget.
|
['Advertising', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cost Control', 'Drug Costs', 'Employer Health Costs', 'Health Maintenance Organizations', 'Humans', 'Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services', 'United States']
| 10,177,023
|
[['J01.219.687.274', 'L01.143.050'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['N03.219.151.160'], ['N03.219.151.400.350', 'N05.300.375.300'], ['N03.219.151.400.375', 'N05.300.375.350'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800.400', 'N03.219.521.576.343.925.400', 'N04.452.758.244.425', 'N04.590.374.410.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.575'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
MODIFIED HEIDELBERG TECHNIQUE FOR PANCREATIC ANASTOMOSIS.
|
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic fistula is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after pancreatoduodenectomy. To prevent this complication, many technical procedures have been described.AIM: To present a novel technique based on slight modifications of the original Heidelberg technique, as new pancreatojejunostomy technique for reconstruction of pancreatic stump after pancreatoduodenectomy and present initial results.METHOD: The technique was used for patients with soft or hard pancreas and with duct size smaller or larger than 3 mm. The stitches are performed with 5-0 double needle prolene at the 2 o'clock, 4 o'clock, 6 o'clock, 8 o'clock, 10 o'clock, and 12 o'clock, positions, full thickness of the parenchyma. A running suture is performed with 4-0 single needle prolene on the posterior and anterior aspect the pancreatic parenchyma with the jejunal seromuscular layer. A plastic stent, 20 cm long, is inserted into the pancreatic duct and extended into the jejunal lumen. Two previously placed hemostatic sutures on the superior and inferior edges of the remnant pancreatic stump are passed in the jejunal seromuscular layer and tied.RESULTS: Seventeen patients underwent pancreatojejunostomy after pancreatoduodenectomy for different causes. None developed grade B or C pancreatic fistula. Biochemical leak according to the new definition (International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery) was observed in four patients (23.5%). No mortality was observed.CONCLUSION: Early results of this technique confirm that it is simple, reliable, easy to perform, and easy to learn. This technique is useful to reduce the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Fistula', 'Pancreaticoduodenectomy', 'Pancreaticojejunostomy', 'Postoperative Complications']
| 29,340,550
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C06.267.775', 'C06.689.583', 'C23.300.575.185.775'], ['E04.210.760'], ['E04.035.703', 'E04.210.762'], ['C23.550.767']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of motor vehicle legislation on injury claim incidence.
|
BACKGROUND: Although there have been numerous strategies to prevent motor vehicle collisions and their subsequent injuries, few have been effective in preventing motor vehicle injury claims. In this paper, we examine the role of legislation and compensation system in altering injury claim incidence.METHODS: The population base for our natural experiment was all Saskatchewan, Manitoba, British Columbia and Quebec residents who submitted personal injury claims to their respective motor vehicle insurance provider from 1990 to 1999. The provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba switched from Tort to pure No-Fault insurance on January 1, 1995 and on March 1, 1994 respectively. British Columbia maintained tort insurance and Quebec maintained pure no-fault insurance throughout the entire 10-year period.RESULTS: The conversion from tort insurance to pure no-fault motor vehicle insurance resulted in a five-year 31% (RR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.68-0.70) reduction in total injury claims per 100,000 residents in Saskatchewan and a five-year 43% (RR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.56-0.58) reduction in Manitoba. At the same time, the province of British Columbia retained tort insurance and had a five-year 5% reduction (RR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.94-0.99). Quebec, which retained pure no-fault throughout the entire 10-year period, had less than one third of the injury claims per 100,000 residents than the tort province of British Columbia.INTERPRETATION: The conversion from tort to pure no-fault legislation has a large influence in reducing motor vehicle injury claim incidence in Canada. Legislative system and injury compensation scheme have an observable impact on injury claim incidence and can therefore have significant impact on the health care system.
|
['Accidents, Traffic', 'Automobile Driving', 'Canada', 'Humans', 'Insurance Claim Reporting', 'Insurance, Liability', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 15,682,700
|
[['N06.850.135.392'], ['I03.125'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.210'], ['N03.219.521.576.443'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Aspects of esophageal atresia in a population-based setting: incidence, mortality, and cancer risk.
|
PURPOSE: To estimate the incidence, mortality and cancer risk of the congenital malformation esophageal atresia (EA) in a population-based investigation.METHODS: A population-based cohort study of EA patients registered in three nationwide registers in Sweden in 1964-2007. The incidence of EA per total number of live births was assessed. Mortality and cancer occurrence were expressed as standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and standardized incidence ratio (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Mortality was further analyzed by Cox regression and expressed as hazard ratio with 95% CI.RESULTS: The EA cohort comprised 1,126 patients. The mean incidence was 3.16 per 10,000 live births, without any temporal changes (p for trend =0.94). Associated anomalies were present in 42% and chromosomal abnormalities in 5%. EA patients had an almost 12 times higher risk of mortality compared to the background population (SMR 11.8, 95% CI 10.3-13.5). The mortality increase was most pronounced during the first 5 years after birth. Survival improved during the study period (p for trend =0.0001). EA did not entail a strongly increased cancer risk (SIR 0.9; 95% CI 0.2-2.6).CONCLUSIONS: EA has a stable incidence, the survival has improved substantially during recent decades, and the cancer risk might not be increased.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Esophageal Atresia', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate', 'Sweden', 'Young Adult']
| 22,020,495
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['C06.198.330', 'C06.405.117.260', 'C16.131.314.330'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Does the prevention of complications explain the survival benefit of organized inpatient (stroke unit) care?: further analysis of a systematic review.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Systematic reviews have shown that organized inpatient (stroke unit) care reduces the risk of death after stroke. However, it is unclear how this is achieved. We tested whether stroke unit care could reduce deaths by preventing complications.METHODS: We updated a collaborative systematic review of 31 controlled clinical trials (6936 participants) to include reported interventions and complications during early hospital care plus the certified cause of death during follow up. Each secondary analysis used data from between 7 and 17 studies (1652 to 3327 participants). Complications were grouped as physiological, neurological, cardiovascular, complications of immobility, and others. Bayesian hierarchical models were used to estimate odds ratios for features occurring in stroke units versus conventional care.RESULTS: Based on the data of 17 trials (3327 participants), organized (stroke unit) care reduced case fatality during scheduled follow up (OR: 0.75; 95% credible intervals: 0.59 to 0.92), in particular deaths certified as attributable to complications of immobility (0.59; 0.41 to 0.86). Stroke unit care was associated with statistically significant increases in the reported use of oxygen (2.39; 1.39 to 4.66), measures to prevent aspiration (2.42; 1.36 to 4.36), and paracetamol (2.80; 1.14 to 4.83) plus a nonsignificant reduction in the use of urinary catheterization. Stroke units were associated with statistically significant reductions in stroke progression/recurrence (0.66; 0.46 to 0.95) and in some complications of immobility: chest infections (0.60; 0.42 to 0.87), other infections (0.56; 0.40 to 0.84), and pressure sores (0.44; 0.22 to 0.85). There were no significant differences in cardiovascular, physiological, or other complications.CONCLUSIONS: Organized inpatient (stroke unit) care appears to reduce the risk of death after stroke through the prevention and treatment of complications, in particular infections.
|
['Hospital Units', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Inpatients', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Stroke', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,690,313
|
[['N02.278.388'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.470'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Suffering and pleasure in the process of forming multidisciplinary health residents].
|
OBJECTIVE: to identify situations of pleasure and suffering in the process of training multidisciplinary health resident.METHOD: qualitative research, developed in the Multiprofessional Residence Program in Health at a university from the south of Brazil. Data was collected in 2013 through focus groups with nine residents, and analyzed according to a thematic analysis.RESULTS: The situations of suffering were stimulated by negative situations undergone by the health workers such as difficulties in participating in other professional training activities, excessive number of activities the residents commit to as health workers, lack of knowledge and hindered integration in the areas of Residency. The situations of pleasure were a result of the multiprofessional activities developed and the resident's larning possibility.CONCLUSION: The situations of pleasure and suffering identified can help in the planning of institutional actions that contribute to a professional training process and the overall wellbeing of the residents.
|
['Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Pleasure', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 26,735,764
|
[['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.470.867', 'F02.830.816.492'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outpatient treatment in German adolescents with depression: an analysis of nationwide health insurance data.
|
PURPOSE: Data on medical treatment of adolescents with depression are scarce. This study aimed to examine outpatient health services utilisation of depressive disorders in adolescents.METHODS: Data of a statutory health insurance company were analysed and outpatients from 12 to 18 years old with diagnosed depression during a 1-year period (2009) were identified. For this cohort, the prescription of antidepressants and psychotherapy was evaluated with respect to age and sex.RESULTS: A total of 4295 patients (41.2% males; mean age, 15.5 years) matched the inclusion criteria. Of the patients, 29.7% consulted a child and adolescent psychiatrist. A total of 59.6% were treated with psychotherapy only, 9.6% were treated with a combination of psychotherapy and antidepressants, and 1.9% received only antidepressants. For 28.8% of patients, no specific depression-related treatment was prescribed. A total of 1357 packages of antidepressants were analysed, of which fluoxetine (24.4% of prescriptions), citalopram (14.0%), and mirtazapine (9.7%) were the most frequently prescribed substances. Regarding substance classes, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs; 55.6%), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs; 17.9%), and hypericum (St. John's wort; 8.5%) were most common.CONCLUSIONS: Although the underlying data were coded for insurance purposes, which might result in some data impreciseness, this naturalistic study furnishes evidence that outpatient treatment of adolescents with depressive disorders in Germany only partly complies with guideline recommendations for first-line treatment: Although the prescriptions of SSRI for adolescent depression have risen over recent years, still, a quarter of antidepressant prescriptions for adolescents with depression were TCA or hypericum. Therefore, dissemination of knowledge on state-of-the-art treatment for adolescent depression remains a major educational goal.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Child', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Databases, Factual', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Psychotherapy', 'Sex Factors']
| 22,639,197
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['F03.600.300'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['F04.754'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity: some evidence from the Swiss Health Surveys 1992/93 and 2002.
|
BACKGROUND: This study examines changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the Swiss general population from 1992/93 to 2002 and their relationship with changes in the distribution and effect of socioeconomic and health behavioural risk factors.METHODS: Cross-sectional data from telephone interviews of the non-institutionalized Swiss population aged 19 years and more were obtained from the Swiss Health Study 1992/93 (n = 13798) and 2002 (n = 17677). Binary logistic regression was used to address changes in overweight and obesity, defined as body mass index 25.0 kg/m(2) or more. The expected prevalence of overweight and obesity under adjusted models was computed to demonstrate the influence of changes in risk factors.RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity rose from 22.8% in 1992/93 to 30.9% in 2002 among women and from 41.1% to 48.1% among men. In international comparison, the increase in the overall prevalence of overweight and obesity in Switzerland was lower. Contrary to similar studies from other countries, the increase in prevalence was lower among men than that among women, possibly because of an increased protective effect of the observed health behavioural factors among men and unobserved behavioural factors among middle-aged men.CONCLUSION: Public health action should consider the potential of changing health behavioural factors in subgroups with a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity. Measures that stimulate, for instance, light physical activity or healthy diet, to be supported by changes in the obesogenic environment, should be encouraged. More evidence is needed for gender-specific approaches.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Behavior', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Overweight', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Switzerland', 'Young Adult']
| 19,887,519
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.488'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['Z01.542.883'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Student experiences and mentor views of the use of simulation for learning.
|
This paper presents the findings of a two phase mixed methods study. Phase 1 investigated whether simulation could support the development of a range of clinical skills amongst pre-registration adult and children's nursing students. The second phase of the study gathered mentors' views and experiences of the use of simulation in the preparation of students for practice. Commissioned by the Nursing and Midwifery Council, the United Kingdom (UK) professional body, the study is reported as one of 13 pilot sites using designated practice hours for simulation. The commission resulted from a call to review the current pre-registration nursing curriculum that includes 4600 equally divided theory and practice hours delivered across the programme. Phase 1 included a sample of 69 adult and children's pre-registration students from years one and three of their programme, studying at one UK University. The group attended five simulation sessions including basic life support, manual handling, infection control, clinical decision making and managing violence and aggression. Students completed pre- and post-tests in basic life support and manual handling, and vignettes and objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) covering the five areas of simulation. Phase 2 included interviews with six mentors who were supervising students involved in the study. Simulation was positively received by both students and mentors as it was apparent that it offered scope for interdisciplinary learning that could be broadened to inter-professional applications. The study also identified that the use of simulation could provide scope for collaborative working between education providers and clinical staff.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate', 'Educational Measurement', 'Faculty, Nursing', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Life Support Care', 'Lifting', 'Mentors', 'Nursing Education Research', 'Nursing Methodology Research', 'Patient Simulation', 'Pilot Projects', 'Preceptorship', 'Program Evaluation', 'Self Efficacy', 'Students, Nursing', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Teaching', 'United Kingdom', 'Videotape Recording']
| 18,479,785
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.462.316'], ['I02.399'], ['M01.526.485.390', 'M01.526.702.250.473', 'N02.360.390'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.440', 'N02.421.585.440'], ['G01.374.669'], ['M01.395'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.413', 'H02.478.395.413', 'I02.358.462.612', 'N04.590.233.508.613.413'], ['H01.770.644.145.390.634', 'H02.478.395.634', 'N04.590.233.508.613.634'], ['I02.903.847.500'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I02.358.968'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['F01.752.747.792.700'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.903'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['J01.897.280.500.846.734', 'J01.897.280.500.898.840', 'L01.178.590.875.840', 'L01.178.820.090.846.734', 'L01.178.820.090.898.840', 'L01.280.940.840', 'L01.280.960.880']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cell surface glycoproteins of 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma clones of differing metastatic potentials.
|
Rat 13762NF mammary adenocarcinoma cell surface glycoproteins from s.c. tumor- or lung metastases-derived cell clones of differing spontaneous metastatic potentials were examined for their relationship to metastasis. After treatment with neuraminidase, lectin-binding assays showed that highly metastatic clone MTLn3 cells express approximately twice the quantity of peanut agglutinin (PNA) binding sites (approximately 2.3 X 10(8) sites/cell) than clones of lower metastatic potential. However, the number of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-binding sites on the various cell clones decreased slightly as the metastatic potential of the clones increased. The quantities of concanavalin A (conA)-binding sites were similar (approximately 1.7 X 10(8) sites/cell) in all cell clones and growth conditions. Glycoprotein analysis was performed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE) and subsequent staining with 125I-labeled lectins. SDS-PAGE gels stained with 125I-labeled conA revealed mainly one glycoprotein (Mr approximately 150 kD), and the amounts of this glycoprotein did not correlate with metastasis. Differences in WGA-binding glycoproteins were detected between s.c. tumor- and lung metastases-derived cell clones. Several desialylated glycoproteins were detected with 125I-labeled PNA after SDS-PAGE, and the labeling intensity of one (Mr approximately 580 kD) correlated with the metastatic potentials of the various cell clones. This high Mr galactoprotein was further analyzed by [3H]glucosamine metabolic labeling, solubilization, sequential gel filtration, and chondroitinase ABC treatment prior to SDS-PAGE. The 580 kD galactoprotein was expressed in increased amounts on the more highly metastatic clones. Chemical labeling of cell surface sialic acid residues using periodate treatment followed by [3H]borohydride reduction showed an additional change in a major sialoglycoprotein (Mr approximately 80 kD), which decreased in labeling intensity on clones of increasing metastatic potential. The results suggest quantitative changes in cell surface glycoproteins rather than major qualitative alterations are associated with differences in the metastatic behavior of 13762NF tumor cell clones.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Animals', 'Arachis', 'Binding Sites', 'Clone Cells', 'Concanavalin A', 'Glycoproteins', 'Lectins', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Peanut Agglutinin', 'Plant Lectins', 'Sialoglycoproteins', 'Surface Properties', 'Wheat Germ Agglutinins']
| 6,688,589
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.353'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D12.776.503'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.503.499.625', 'D12.776.765.678.625'], ['D12.776.503.499', 'D12.776.765.678'], ['D12.644.233.800', 'D12.776.395.700'], ['G02.860'], ['D12.776.503.499.968', 'D12.776.765.678.968']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phytochrome from Agrobacterium tumefaciens has unusual spectral properties and reveals an N-terminal chromophore attachment site.
|
Phytochromes are photochromic photoreceptors with a bilin chromophore that are found in plants and bacteria. The soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens contains two genes that code for phytochrome-homologous proteins, termed Agrobacterium phytochrome 1 and 2 (Agp1 and Agp2). To analyze its biochemical and spectral properties, Agp1 was purified from the clone of an E. coli overexpressor. The protein was assembled with the chromophores phycocyanobilin and biliverdin, which is the putative natural chromophore, to photoactive holoprotein species. Like other bacterial phytochromes, Agp1 acts as light-regulated His kinase. The biliverdin adduct of Agp1 represents a previously uncharacterized type of phytochrome photoreceptor, because photoreversion from the far-red absorbing form to the red-absorbing form is very inefficient, a feature that is combined with a rapid dark reversion. Biliverdin bound covalently to the protein; blocking experiments and site-directed mutagenesis identified a Cys at position 20 as the binding site. This particular position is outside the region where plant and some cyanobacterial phytochromes attach their chromophore and thus represents a previously uncharacterized binding site. Sequence comparisons imply that the region around Cys-20 is a ring D binding motif in phytochromes.
|
['Agrobacterium tumefaciens', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA Primers', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Structure', 'Mutation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Phytochrome', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 12,186,972
|
[['B03.440.400.425.700.024.050', 'B03.660.050.662.024.500'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.765.675', 'D23.767.712'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Roles of the Excitation in Harvesting Energy from Vibrations.
|
The study investigated the role of excitation in energy harvesting applications. While the energy ultimately comes from the excitation, it was shown that the excitation may not always behave as a source. When the device characteristics do not perfectly match the excitation, the excitation alternately behaves as a source and a sink. The extent to which the excitation behaves as a sink determines the energy harvesting efficiency. Such contradictory roles were shown to be dictated by a generalized phase defined as the instantaneous phase angle between the velocity of the device and the excitation. An inductive prototype device with a diamagnetically levitated seismic mass was proposed to take advantage of the well established phase changing mechanism of vibro-impact to achieve a broader device bandwidth. Results suggest that the vibro-impact can generate an instantaneous, significant phase shift in response velocity that switches the role of the excitation. If introduced properly outside the resonance zone it could dramatically increase the energy harvesting efficiency.
|
['Energy Transfer', 'Vibration']
| 26,496,183
|
[['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['G01.374.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cooperated biotransformation of ginsenoside extracts into ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 by three thermostable glycosidases.
|
AIMS: The aim of this work was to transform ginsenoside extract into the pharmacologically active minor ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 by three thermostable glycosidases.METHODS AND RESULTS: The GH1 thermostable beta-glucosidase Tpebgl1 from Thermotoga petrophlia was found to have the ability to convert ginsenosides Rb1 and Rb2. Its properties concerning ginsenoside conversion were systematically investigated. It had high specific activity on pNPG (162·20 U mg-1 ) and pNPArp (22·14 U mg-1 ). The Km and Vmax of Tpebgl1 for pNPG were 0·28 mmol l-1 and 470·2 U mg-1 and for pNPArp were 17·30 mmol l-1 and 74·28 U mg-1 . Therefore, it could successfully convert ginsenosides Rb1 and Rb2 into ginsenoside Rd, which has been proven by experiments in this paper then. Tpebgl1 also had good tolerance to glucose and some organic solvents. These made Tpebgl1 a good catalyst candidate for industrial application. Finally, it was applied to convert ginsenoside extract into the pharmacologically active minor ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3, combined with thermostable ginsenoside Rc converting á-1,6-l-arabinofranosidase Tt-Afs and ginsenoside Rd converting â-glucosidase Tpebgl3. A quantity of 10 g l-1 of ginsenoside extract was transformed into 3·93 g l-1 of Rg3 at 90°C, pH 5·0 for 3 h, with a corresponding molar conversion of 98·19%.CONCLUSION: The thermostable enzyme Tpebgl1 was found to be a ginsenoside-converting enzyme and successfully applied in the preparation of ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 from ginsenoside extract. The three-step cooperate transformation system of ginsenoside extract was established by using Tpebgl1, Tt-Afs (a thermostable ginsenoside Rc converting á-1,6-l-arabinofranosidase) and Tpebgl3 (a thermostable ginsenoside Rb1 converting â-glucosidase).SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Converting all the major ginsenosides into protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside extract would greatly reduce the cost of ginsenoside Rg3 preparation. Enzymes from thermophilic bacteria can meet the requirement of higher reaction temperatures in industrial reactions for substrate solubility promotion and bacterial contamination prevention.
|
['Bacteria', 'Biotransformation', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Ginsenosides', 'Plant Extracts', 'Temperature', 'beta-Glucosidase']
| 31,715,079
|
[['B03'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['D02.455.849.919.277', 'D09.408.782.300'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.200.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Nest site attributes and temporal patterns of northern flicker nest loss: effects of predation and competition.
|
To date, most studies of nest site selection have failed to take into account more than one source of nest loss (or have combined all sources in one analysis) when examining nest site characteristics, leaving us with an incomplete understanding of the potential trade-offs that individuals may face when selecting a nest site. Our objectives were to determine whether northern flickers (Colaptes auratus) may experience a trade-off in nest site selection in response to mammalian nest predation and nest loss to a cavity nest competitor (European starling, Sturnus vulgaris). We also document within-season temporal patterns of these two sources of nest loss with the hypothesis that flickers may also be constrained in the timing of reproduction under both predatory and competitive influence. Mammalian predators frequently depredated flicker nests that were: lower to the ground, less concealed by vegetation around the cavity entrance and at the base of the nest tree, closer to coniferous forest edges and in forest clumps with a high percentage of conifer content. Proximity to coniferous edges or coniferous trees increased the probability of nest predation, but nests near conifers were less likely to be lost to starlings. Flickers may thus face a trade-off in nest site selection with respect to safety from predators or competitors. Models suggested that peaks of nest predation and nest loss to eviction occurred at the same time, although a competing model suggested that the peak of nest loss to starlings occurred 5 days earlier than the peak of mammalian predation. Differences in peaks of mammalian predation and loss to starlings may constrain any adjustment in clutch initiation date by flickers to avoid one source of nest loss.
|
['Animals', 'Birds', 'Competitive Behavior', 'Ecosystem', 'Nesting Behavior', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Reproduction', 'Time Factors']
| 16,323,016
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['F01.145.813.105'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['F01.145.113.252.478'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Atomic decomposition of the protein solvation free energy and its application to amyloid-beta protein in water.
|
We report the development of an atomic decomposition method of the protein solvation free energy in water, which ascribes global change in the solvation free energy to local changes in protein conformation as well as in hydration structure. So far, empirical decomposition analyses based on simple continuum solvation models have prevailed in the study of protein-protein interactions, protein-ligand interactions, as well as in developing scoring functions for computer-aided drug design. However, the use of continuum solvation model suffers serious drawbacks since it yields the protein free energy landscape which is quite different from that of the explicit solvent model and since it does not properly account for the non-polar hydrophobic effects which play a crucial role in biological processes in water. Herein, we develop an exact and general decomposition method of the solvation free energy that overcomes these hindrances. We then apply this method to elucidate the molecular origin for the solvation free energy change upon the conformational transitions of 42-residue amyloid-beta protein (Aâ42) in water, whose aggregation has been implicated as a primary cause of Alzheimer's disease. We address why Aâ42 protein exhibits a great propensity to aggregate when transferred from organic phase to aqueous phase.
|
['Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Unfolding', 'Water']
| 21,787,012
|
[['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.154.651.750', 'G02.111.688.750'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Safety investigation of team performance in accidents.
|
The paper presents the capacities of the performance evaluation of teamwork (PET) method. Its practicability and efficiency are illustrated by retrospective human reliability analyse of the famous nuclear and maritime accidents. A quantitative assessment of operators' performance on the base of thermo-hydraulic (T/H) calculations and full-scope simulator data for set of NPP design basic accidents with WWER is demonstrated. The last data are obtained on the 'WWER-1000' full-scope simulator of Kozloduy NPP during the regular practical training of the operators' teams. An outlook on the "evaluation system of main control room (MCR) operators' reliability" project, based on simulator data of operators' training is given.
|
['Disaster Planning', 'Humans', 'Institutional Management Teams', 'Models, Organizational', 'Pilot Projects', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Safety Management', 'Task Performance and Analysis']
| 15,231,353
|
[['N06.230.100.035'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.452.460'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N04.452.871.900', 'N06.850.135.060.075.800'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Electrochemical measurement of endogenous serotonin release from human blood platelets.
|
Platelet aggregation in the bloodstream is tightly associated with the secretory function of platelets based on several types of cytoplasmic secretory granules, each sequestering distinct chemical messenger species. Dense-body granules are one prominent type of secretory granule responsible for storing small molecule chemical messengers. Upon platelet activation, the timely and rapid release of these small molecules is critical in facilitating platelet aggregation. Therefore, techniques capable of measuring real-time granule content release are needed to understand the fundamental properties of platelet secretion and aggregation. Existing techniques lack adequate time resolution or require potentially toxic exogenous reagents for real-time measurement of granule content release. Herein, we demonstrate a label-free electrochemical method based on the endogenous electroactive chemical messenger serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT) for the real-time measurement of dense-body granule secretion from platelet suspensions; fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) using carbon-fiber microelectrodes was chosen on the basis of its excellent temporal resolution, high sensitivity, and the ability to provide the electrochemical signature cyclic voltammograms for molecular identification. Real-time serotonin release from thrombin-stimulated human platelet suspensions was successfully measured, and the amount and time course of the bulk serotonin release were found to agree well with data obtained from single platelet measurements, thus confirming accurate characterization of granular secretion. Furthermore, this electrochemical method was applied to study the stimulation-secretion coupling in platelets, serotonin storage and release dynamics with applied pharmacological agents, and chemical messenger storage deficiency in Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) platelets, and the potential of this method to reveal secretion behavior in both normal and diseased platelets has clearly been demonstrated.
|
['Blood Platelets', 'Carbon', 'Carbon Fiber', 'Electrochemistry', 'Electrodes', 'Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome', 'Humans', 'Serotonin', 'Suspensions']
| 21,384,903
|
[['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D01.268.150'], ['D01.268.150.038', 'D05.750.139', 'D25.720.150', 'J01.637.051.720.150'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['E07.305.250'], ['C11.270.040.545.400', 'C15.378.100.100.515', 'C15.378.100.685.400', 'C15.378.140.735.400', 'C15.378.463.735.400', 'C16.320.099.515', 'C16.320.290.040.100.400', 'C16.320.565.100.102.100.400', 'C16.320.850.080.100.400', 'C17.800.621.440.102.100.400', 'C17.800.827.080.100.400', 'C18.452.648.100.102.100.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D20.280.810', 'D26.255.165.810']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Headache as a symptom of angina].
|
The authors report two cases where headaches was the only manifestation of severe myocardial ischemia. They had high degree coronaria sclerosis which was demonstrated by angiocardiography in one patient and at autopsy in the second patient. These findings suggest that in the mechanism of headache angina rather the pain perception than generalized vasospasm plays an important role.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Angiocardiography', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Myocardial Ischemia']
| 9,432,643
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['E01.370.350.130.249', 'E01.370.350.700.060.050', 'E01.370.370.050.050', 'E01.370.370.380.050'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A novel selective progesterone receptor modulator asoprisnil (J867) down-regulates the expression of EGF, IGF-I, TGFbeta3 and their receptors in cultured uterine leiomyoma cells.
|
BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a novel selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) asoprisnil on the expression of growth factors and their receptors and on growth factor-induced proliferation of cultured uterine leiomyoma and matching myometrial cells.METHODS: The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and transforming growth factor (TGFbeta3) was assessed by immunocytochemistry and semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of phosphorylated EGF receptor (p-EGFR), IGF-I receptor alpha subunit (IGF-IRalpha) and phosphorylated TGFbeta receptor type II (p-TGFbeta RII) was assessed by Western blot analysis. Cell proliferation was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium assay.RESULTS: Treatment with 10(-7) M asoprisnil decreased EGF, IGF-I and TGFbeta3 mRNA and protein expression as well as p-EGFR, IGF-IRalpha and p-TGFbeta RII protein expression in leiomyoma cells cultured for 72 h. EGF (100 ng/ml), IGF-I (100 ng/ml) and TGFbeta3 (10 ng/ml) increased the number of viable leiomyoma cells cultured for 72 h, whereas the concomitant treatment with 10(-7) M asoprisnil antagonized the growth factor-induced increase in leiomyoma cell proliferation. In cultured myometrial cells, however, asoprisnil affected neither the growth factor and their receptor expression nor the cell proliferation.CONCLUSION: Asoprisnil inhibits the expression of EGF, IGF-I, TGFbeta3 and their receptors in cultured leiomyoma cells without affecting their expressions in myometrial cells.
|
['Adult', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Down-Regulation', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Estrenes', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Leiomyoma', 'Middle Aged', 'Myometrium', 'Oximes', 'Proteoglycans', 'Receptor, IGF Type 1', 'Receptors, Growth Factor', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 16,613,890
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['D04.210.500.365.415'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['C04.557.450.590.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.570.500', 'A05.360.319.679.690', 'A10.690.467.500'], ['D02.092.570.665'], ['D09.698.735', 'D12.776.395.650'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.185', 'D12.776.543.750.630.468', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.780.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.720', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.820'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['A11.251.860'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of methadone on free feeding in satiated rats.
|
A variety of opioids and opiates are known to increase short-term food intake. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of methadone on free feeding in satiated rats. We assessed the effect of methadone (0, 1.5, 3.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg) on food intake 1, 2, 4, and 6 h after injection for 3 consecutive days. Two hours after methadone administration, food intake was inversely related to dose, but after 6 h a direct relationship between dose and feeding was obtained. Food intake increased with repeated methadone administration. In Experiment 2, methadone (5.0 mg/kg) was injected and food was made available 0, 1, 2, or 3 h later. Maximal food intake occurred in the third and fourth hours following methadone administration. As in Experiment 1, food intake increased with repeated methadone administration. Increases in food intake following repeated methadone administration may have been due to the development of tolerance to effects of methadone that may interfere with feeding, such as sedation. In Experiment 3, methadone was administered daily or every fifth day, assuming that spacing injections would retard tolerance development. Repeated daily methadone administration was associated with increased food intake earlier in the session, whereas increases in food intake following spaced methadone administration occurred later in the session. These data indicate that methadone increases short-term feeding in satiated rats. This is in contrast to the reported decrease in food-reinforced behavior noted in operant studies. This contrast may be due to sedating or other disabling effects of methadone.
|
['Animals', 'Body Temperature', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Male', 'Methadone', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Satiety Response']
| 1,475,284
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['D02.522.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['F02.830.749.658']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identical genomic organization of two hemichordate hox clusters.
|
Genomic comparisons of chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms can inform hypotheses for the evolution of these strikingly different phyla from the last common deuterostome ancestor. Because hox genes play pivotal developmental roles in bilaterian animals, we analyzed the Hox complexes of two hemichordate genomes. We find that Saccoglossus kowalevskii and Ptychodera flava both possess 12-gene clusters, with mir10 between hox4 and hox5, in 550 kb and 452 kb intervals, respectively. Genes hox1-hox9/10 of the clusters are in the same genomic order and transcriptional orientation as their orthologs in chordates, with hox1 at the 3' end of the cluster. At the 5' end, each cluster contains three posterior genes specific to Ambulacraria (the hemichordate-echinoderm clade), two forming an inverted terminal pair. In contrast, the echinoderm Strongylocentrotus purpuratus contains a 588 kb cluster of 11 orthologs of the hemichordate genes, ordered differently, plausibly reflecting rearrangements of an ancestral hemichordate-like ambulacrarian cluster. Hox clusters of vertebrates and the basal chordate amphioxus have similar organization to the hemichordate cluster, but with different posterior genes. These results provide genomic evidence for a well-ordered complex in the deuterostome ancestor for the hox1-hox9/10 region, with the number and kind of posterior genes still to be elucidated.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Chordata, Nonvertebrate', 'Genes, Homeobox', 'Genome', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Phylogeny', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 23,063,438
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['B01.050.150.200', 'B01.050.500.272'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.230.500'], ['G05.360.340'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Atomic force microscopy of Precambrian microscopic fossils.
|
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a technique used routinely in material science to image substances at a submicron (including nm) scale. We apply this technique to analysis of the fine structure of organic-walled Precambrian fossils, microscopic sphaeromorph acritarchs (cysts of planktonic unicellular protists) permineralized in approximately 650-million-year-old cherts of the Chichkan Formation of southern Kazakhstan. AFM images, backed by laser-Raman spectroscopic analysis of individual specimens, demonstrate that the walls of these petrified fossils are composed of stacked arrays of approximately 200-nm-sized angular platelets of polycyclic aromatic kerogen. Together, AFM and laser-Raman spectroscopy provide means by which to elucidate the submicron-scale structure of individual microscopic fossils, investigate the geochemical maturation of ancient organic matter, and, potentially, distinguish true fossils from pseudofossils and probe the mechanisms of fossil preservation by silica permineralization.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Fossils', 'Kazakhstan', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Plankton', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Time Factors']
| 12,089,337
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['Z01.252.100.420', 'Z01.542.931.440', 'Z01.586.950.440'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['B05.080.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Flux balance analysis of a genome-scale yeast model constrained by exometabolomic data allows metabolic system identification of genetically different strains.
|
A systems approach to biology requires a principled approach to pathway identification. In this study, the two nuclear petite yeast mutants K1Deltapet191a and K1Deltapet191ab and their parental industrial strain K1 were cultured in glucose-containing microaerobic chemostats. Exometabolomic profiles were used to infer the differences in the fermentation characteristics and respiration capacity of the strains. The ability of the metabolite measurement information to describe genetically different strains was investigated using a genome-scale yeast model. Flux balance analysis (FBA) of the model reveals that the objective function of minimal oxygen consumption enables the identification of the effect of genotypic differences when combined with the knowledge of the extracellular state of metabolism. The predicted decrease in oxygen consumption flux of K1Deltapet191a and K1Deltapet191ab strains with respect to the parental strain is about 80% and 100%, respectively, which coincides with the respiratory deficiencies of the strains. The expected increase in ethanol production rates in response to the decrease in the respiratory capacity was also predicted to be very close to the experimental values. This study shows the predictive power of the integrated analysis of genome-scale models with exometabolomic profiles, since accurate predictions could be made without any information about the respiration capacity of the strains. The FBA approach thereby enables identification of responsive pathways and so permits the elucidation of the genetic characteristics of strains in terms of expressed metabolite profiles.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Computer Simulation', 'Genetic Variation', 'Models, Biological', 'Proteome', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Species Specificity']
| 17,373,823
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G05.365'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D12.776.817'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Complete and permanent regression of persistent uveitic cystoid macular edema after single intravitreal iniection of aflibercept in patient previously treated with multiple intravitreal injections of ranibizumab and bevacizumab].
|
A case report of a twenty-year-old man with quiescent, idiopathic intermediate uveitis in his right eye treated with systemic corticosteroids and persistent cystoid macular edema, admitted for further treatment due to chronic reduction in visual acuity, is presented. A therapy involving intravitreal injections of ranibizumab (Lucentis), followed by bevacizumab (Avastin) was started, leading to transient improvement of visual acuity and edema reduction confirmed in optical coherent tomography. A de cision of switching to intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea) was made. After a single intravitreal injection of aflibercept, a complete and sustained resolution of macular edema was achieved. aflibercept, uveitis, cystoid macular edema.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Bevacizumab', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intraocular', 'Macular Edema', 'Male', 'Ranibizumab', 'Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Remission Induction', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity', 'Young Adult']
| 26,349,156
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.475'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.868', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.868', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.868'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E02.860'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Quantitative ultrasound at the hand phalanges in 2850 females aged 7 to 77 yr: a cross-sectional study.
|
In the study, skeletal status was evaluated in 2850 females aged 7 to 77 yr using quantitative ultrasound (QUS amplitude-dependent speed of sound [Ad-SoS]). Ad-SoS ranged from 1923 +/- 30 to 1876 +/- 81 m/s, and the peak value (2121 m/s) was achieved in 19-yr-old females. Ad-SoS increased significantly between subgroups aged 11 and 12 yr, 12 and 13 yr, 13 and 14 yr, 14 and 15 yr, and 15 and 16 yr. After the age of 19 yr the only significant drop was noted between age groups 47 and 48 yr. Ad-SoS was regressed on age, weight, and height for age ranges 7 to 11 yr.(before an increase in Ad-SoS), 12 to 19 yr (from the onset of the increase to the peak value), and older than 19 yr to menopause. In females after menopause, years since menopause (YSM) were taken into consideration. In the two youngest groups Ad-SoS was affected positively by age, and in the two next groups, age had a negative influence on Ad-SoS, whereas weight had a negative and height a positive influence in all groups. YSM did not influence the Ad-SoS value. It was concluded that QUS measurements at the hand phalanges are a useful tool in assessment of skeletal status in the female population.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Finger Phalanges', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Poland', 'Regression Analysis', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Ultrasonography']
| 15,908,710
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
OKT3E, an anti-CD3 antibody that does not elicit side effects or antiidiotype responses in chimpanzees.
|
Chimpanzees were injected with OKT3 and two other anti-CD3 antibodies, OKT3D and OKT3E. Both of the new antibodies were of the mouse IgG2b isotype. Administration of the antibodies was identical to the clinical regimen used for OKT3 in humans: 5 mg i.v., daily for 10 consecutive days. All animals were monitored for fever during administration of the antibodies, and blood samples were taken throughout the treatment period for monitoring the effects of the antibodies on peripheral lymphocyte subsets and the appearance of circulating cytokines. OKT3 produced similar clinical effects to those observed in humans; fever (2/3), as well as elevations in cytokines were observed. As in humans, peripheral T cells were cleared with the first dose and remained absent or modulated of their T cell receptor molecules throughout treatment. OKT3D, IgG2b also produced fevers (2/3) and elevations of cytokines. Although it also cleared circulating T cells with the first dose and T cell counts remained low throughout treatment, remaining circulating T cells were coated with administered antibody and were able to reexpress the CD3 antigen. OKT3E, IgG2b produced no temperature elevations and no elevations in cytokines. Although it cleared the circulation of T cells with the first does, cells reappeared during treatment, modulated of their CD3 antigens or coated with the administered antibody. All three antibodies raised antimouse antibodies, and OKT3 and OKT3D also produced blocking antiidiotype antibodies. OKT3E treatment did not result in anti-OKT3E blocking antibodies.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'CD3 Complex', 'Epitopes', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Lymphocytes', 'Lymphokines', 'Mice', 'Pan troglodytes', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell']
| 1,718,067
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.071', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.071', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.071'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.620'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Prognostic factors from a long-term follow-up of heroin-assisted treatment in Switzerland 1994-2007].
|
OBJECTIVE: To identify prognostic factors for a positive or negative termination of heroin-assisted treatment (HAT) in Switzerland.METHOD: A complete census of all 3155 patients ever admitted was analysed using the proportional hazard model (including time dependent covariates).RESULTS: Median length of stay was 11.4 years; the maximal length of stay was 13.9 years. 299 positive and 463 negative terminations were registered. Terminations clustered in the first year. Both time to positive and negative termination was significantly dependent on historical treatment cohorts since 1994. Positive termination was negatively associated with treatment in larger treatment centres (OR: 0.77, CI: 0.61-0.97) and positively with income from the social system (OR: 1.33; CI: 1.03-1.72). Negative terminations were positively associated with HIV infection before treatment (OR: 1.74; CI: 1.40-2.16), delinquence (OR 1.36; CI: 1.09-1.69), and higher levels of distrust (OR: 1.18 per scoring point; CI = 1.05-1.31).CONCLUSIONS: Length of stay in Swiss HAT is considerable. The proportion of positive terminations did not increase with longer stays, indicating that the majority of patients are in chronic palliative care. Negative terminations outweighed positive terminations, with a low predictive power from co-variates. The routine assessment and analysis of different covariates, such as indicators of treatment process, has the potential to improve the therapeutic outcomes of HAT.
|
['Adult', 'Comorbidity', 'Crime', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Heroin', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Models, Statistical', 'Narcotics', 'Opioid-Related Disorders', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Dropouts', 'Prognosis', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Substance Abuse Treatment Centers', 'Switzerland']
| 20,148,381
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['I01.198.240', 'I01.880.735.191'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.445', 'D03.605.497.607.490', 'D03.633.400.686.607.490', 'D04.615.723.795.576.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['D27.505.696.277.600', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600'], ['C25.775.643.500', 'F03.900.647.500'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.610', 'F01.145.488.887.500.610', 'N05.300.150.800.500.610'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['N02.278.035.128.800', 'N02.278.808.930'], ['Z01.542.883']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Contribution of dual CD13/CD14 markers in combination with CD34 for the collection of peripheral hematopoietic stem cells].
|
We evaluated the reliability of a flow cytometry technique for counting mononuclear cells (MNCs) in cytapheresis products. Eighty freshly-prepared samples of peripheral stem cells were studied using a dual immunolabeling technique with antibodies to CD13/CD14, and were also labeled with anti-CD34. Results of this immunophenotype determination were compared to those of the conventional method for counting MNCs under the microscope. Dual CD13/CD14 labeling was found to be a simple and reliable method for counting MNCs in the presence of immature and stimulated cells. When used in combination with CD34 labeling, the dual immunolabeling method helped improve the evaluation of the quality of peripheral stem cell grafts.
|
['Antigens, CD34', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Cell Count', 'CD13 Antigens', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Lipopolysaccharide Receptors', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Multiple Myeloma']
| 9,538,476
|
[['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['D23.101'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107', 'E01.370.225.625.107', 'E05.200.500.195.107', 'E05.200.625.107', 'E05.242.195.107', 'G04.140.107', 'G09.188.105'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.100.160', 'D08.811.277.656.350.555.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.555.100', 'D23.050.301.264.894.113', 'D23.101.100.894.113'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.448.100', 'D12.776.543.484.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.418.100', 'D12.776.543.750.705.045', 'D23.050.301.264.900.045', 'D23.101.100.900.045'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aging elevates metabolic gene expression in brain cholinergic neurons.
|
The basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic system is selectively vulnerable in human brain diseases, while the cholinergic groups in the upper pons of the brainstem (BS) resist neurodegeneration. Cholinergic neurons (200 per region per animal) were laser-microdissected from five young (8 months) and five aged (24 months) F344 rats from the BF and the BS pontine lateral dorsal tegmental/pedunculopontine nuclei (LDTN/PPN) and their expression profiles were obtained. The bioinformatics program SigPathway was used to identify gene groups and pathways that were selectively affected by aging. In the BF cholinergic system, aging most significantly altered genes involved with a variety of metabolic functions. In contrast, BS cholinergic neuronal age effects included gene groupings related to neuronal plasticity and a broad range of normal cellular functions. Transcription factor GA-binding protein alpha (GABPalpha), which controls expression of nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, was more strongly upregulated in the BF cholinergic neurons (+107%) than in the BS cholinergic population (+40%). The results suggest that aging elicits elevates metabolic activity in cholinergic populations and that this occurs to a much greater degree in the BF group than in the BS group.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Brain', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Prosencephalon', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Up-Regulation']
| 17,560,690
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of phenytoin on skeletal muscle from quarter horses with hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis.
|
The contractile activity, the threshold for calcium-induced calcium release in fractions of sarcoplasmic reticulum and the potassium concentration were determined in preparations of semimembranosus muscle from normal quarter horses and quarter horses with hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis before and after they were treated with phenytoin. Before the treatment there was no difference in caffeine contracture or electrically elicited twitch response between the two groups. For one week after the treatment, the time to peak tension of caffeine contractures was significantly (P < 0.005) reduced in the horses with hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis but unchanged in the normal horses. The variance but not the mean values for the threshold for Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum was greater for the horses with hyperkalaemic period paralysis before but not after the treatment with phenytoin.
|
['Animals', 'Caffeine', 'Calcium', 'Halothane', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Hyperkalemia', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Paralysis', 'Phenytoin', 'Potassium']
| 7,659,842
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.455.526.340'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['C18.452.950.396'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['C10.597.622', 'C23.888.592.636'], ['D03.383.129.308.432.555.730'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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