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A stopped flow transient kinetic analysis of substrate binding and catalysis in Escherichia coli D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase.
|
Pre-steady state, stopped flow analysis of Escherichia coli D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase was performed by following the fluorescence of protein tryptophan and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer from protein tryptophan to bound NADH. The results indicate that binding of substrates is ordered, with coenzyme, NADH, binding first. Furthermore, the analysis indicated that there are two sets of sites on the tetrameric enzyme that can be differentiated by their kinetic behavior. NADH binding was consistent with an initial binding event followed by a slow conformational change for each site. The slow conformational change is responsible for the apparent tight binding of NADH to the apoenzyme but is too slow to participate in the catalytic cycle when the enzyme is rapidly turning over. Subsequent binding of the substrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, was characterized by a rapid equilibrium binding event followed by a conformational change for each site. Catalysis in the direction of NAD(+) reduction showed a distinct burst of activity followed by a slow rate of turnover, indicating that the rate-limiting step is after hydride transfer. Catalysis in the direction of NADH oxidation did not display burst kinetics, indicating that the rate-limiting step is at or before the hydride transfer step. The burst data indicated that the rate of NAD(+) reduction (3.8 s(-1)) is similar to the k(cat) of the enzyme (2-3 s(-1)) in that direction. However, analysis of the reaction with deuterated NADH failed to show an effect on the velocity of the reaction with a V(H)/V(D)=1.07+/-0.06. None of the other rates determined by stopped flow analysis could account for the k(cat) of the enzyme in either direction (forward k(cat)=0.01 s(-1), reverse k(cat)=2-3 s(-1)), suggesting that the rate-limiting step in both directions is a conformational change in the enzyme that is not detected optically.
|
['Catalysis', 'Escherichia coli', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Conformation', 'NAD', 'Oxygen', 'Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Time Factors']
| 18,776,184
|
[['G02.130'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.650'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Increased urine podocyte-associated messenger RNAs in severe obesity are evidence of podocyte injury.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to correlate different degrees of excess weight with the expression of podocyte-associated messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in urine.METHODS: The sample comprised 83 patients with overweight or obesity class I, II, or III and 18 healthy controls. The expression of nephrin, podocin, podocalyxin, á-actinin-4, á3â1integrin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-â1 ) mRNA in urine was quantified with the real-time polymerase chain reaction. mRNA expression was correlated with body mass index, the metabolic syndrome, albuminuria, and inflammation.RESULTS: Adults with obesity class III had higher levels of serum lipids, glucose, HbA1C, insulin resistance, and C-reactive protein (P < 0.05), with 85% of the subjects meeting criteria for the metabolic syndrome (P < 0.001 vs. other groups). Urinary podocyte-associated mRNAs were higher in adults with obesity class III than in other groups (P < 0.05). Patients with overweight or obesity class I or II also had higher levels of podocyte mRNAs than controls: nephrin (P = 0.021), á-actinin-4 (P = 0.014), á3â1integrin (P = 0.036), and TGF-â1 (P = 0.005). Metabolic syndrome, hyperinsulinemia, and C-reactive protein were correlated with podocyturia, but only higher insulin levels were related regardless of obesity.CONCLUSIONS: Severe obesity and hyperinsulinemia were associated with higher urinary expression of podocyte-associated mRNAs, even at normal urinary albumin excretion rates.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Podocytes', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 26,147,062
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['A05.810.453.324.359.372.650', 'A05.810.453.736.520.720', 'A11.436.720'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Lack of expression of long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus but not in the CA1 region of the hippocampus of mu-opioid receptor-deficient mice.
|
The possible involvement of the mu-opioid receptor subtype in mechanisms of long-term potentiation (LTP) of the lateral perforant pathway to the dentate gyrus neurons, as well as of the Schaffer collateral-commissural input of CA1 neurons, was investigated using mu-opioid receptor-deficient mutant mice. In transversal hippocampal slices from mice lacking the mu-opioid receptor (MOR) only a short potentiation in the dentate gyrus after tetanization of the lateral perforant pathway was found. In contrast, the loss of the mu-opioid receptor in the CA1 region did not affect the potentiation of the field potentials induced by tetanization of the Schaffer collaterals. In parallel experiments, the application of 10 microM of the selective MOR-antagonist, funaltrexamine, decreased LTP in the dentate gyrus of wild-type mice but again did not alter the potentiation of the field potentials in the CA1. The loss of MOR-binding in the hippocampus was accompanied by a reduction in D2-binding sites indicating a possible compensatory role of the dopaminergic system. The D1- and glutamate binding was not affected. These observations confirm earlier results with pharmacological blockade of opioid receptors in the dentate gyrus and demonstrate an essential role of MOR activation for the generation of LTP in the dentate gyrus of the mouse but not necessarily in the CA1 region.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Dentate Gyrus', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Long-Term Potentiation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Mutant Strains', 'Naltrexone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Receptors, Dopamine D1', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2', 'Receptors, Glutamate', 'Receptors, Opioid, mu', 'Synaptic Membranes']
| 10,727,705
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['A08.186.211.180.405.200', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345.200'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['E05.481'], ['G11.561.638.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550'], ['D03.132.577.249.706.550', 'D03.605.497.750.550', 'D03.633.400.686.750.550', 'D04.615.723.795.706.550'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.200.450'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.550', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.550', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.550'], ['A08.850.800', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.800', 'A11.284.149.844']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical implication of orbital ultrasound monitoring during selective cerebral perfusion.
|
BACKGROUND: We evaluated clinical relevance of orbital ultrasound (OUS) monitoring to neurological events in aortic surgery associated with selective cerebral perfusion (SCP).METHODS: In 24 consecutive cases, blood flow was monitored at central retinal artery (CRA) and retrobulbar vessels. The threshold perfusion pressure for detecting CRA flow in the color Doppler mode (BPt) was determined in individual eyes.RESULTS: The BPt ranged from 25 to 71 mm Hg. Events (infarction, anisocoria, delirium) occurred in 8 cases. Infarction occurred in all 3 cases when retrobulbar flow was severely impaired for 40 minutes or longer, while none of the remaining 21 cases had infarction (p = 0.0005). Among the latter cases, perfusion pressure was below BPt for longer than 100 minutes in all 5 cases with events, and in 5 of 16 cases without events (p = 0.0124). No significant difference was found in age, duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, SCP, and circulatory arrest, and duration of blood pressure below 50 mm Hg.CONCLUSIONS: Sustained hypoperfusion detected with OUS monitoring is related to an occurrence of neurological events.
|
['Aged', 'Aneurysm, Dissecting', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic', 'Blood Flow Velocity', 'Brain', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Orbit', 'Reference Values', 'Retinal Artery', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial']
| 11,235,726
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.050'], ['C14.907.055.239.125', 'C14.907.109.139.125'], ['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.690'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A07.015.114.765', 'A07.015.611.647'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.260.850', 'E01.370.350.700.560.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.850.870', 'E01.370.376.537.750.260.850', 'E05.629.937.260.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Laser treatment of sinusitis in general practice assessed by a double-blind controlled study].
|
The effect of Low Level Laser therapy (Galium-Aluminium-Arsenide laser, 30 mW/830 nm, Unilaser 2000 3B) on sinuitis was evaluated in a double-blind randomised clinical study comprising 60 patients from general practice. All patients received three treatments (90 seconds radiation on each sinus) with one to three days interval. No statistically significant differences in pain relief, well-being or duration of illness were observed between patients treated with laser and a placebo.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Denmark', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Family Practice', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sinusitis']
| 1,882,473
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of prolonged heat stress in single-comb white leghorn hens on progeny resistance to Salmonella enteritidis organ invasion.
|
In our laboratory, we have often had difficulty infecting neonatal chickens with invasive salmonellae when ambient temperatures exceed 30 C. We hypothesized that this increased resistance in chicks during warmer months may be associated with heat stress-associated maternal factors. Presently, single-comb white leghorn hens were separated into a non-heat-stressed group, reared under temperatures from approximately 10 to 24 C, and a heat-stressed group, in which environmental temperature was incrementally elevated to near 37 C and maintained for the duration of the 13-wk study. For Expt. 1, eggs from heat-stressed or control hens, collected on days 8-14 of the study, were pooled respective to treatment and incubated. At the time of egg collection, mean hen-day egg production was 51.83% or 65% for heat-stressed or control hens, respectively. On day of hatch, progeny from hens in each group were orally challenged with 0.9 x 10(4) colony-forming units (CFU) Salmonella enteritidis (SE). Rates of SE organ invasion of 97.3% or 94.4% were obtained in progeny from heat-stressed or control hens, respectively. In Expt. 2, eggs from heat-stressed or control hens from days 30-42 of the study were collected and pooled by treatment for incubation. Mean hen-day egg production was 46.5% or 72.85% for heat-stressed or control hens, respectively. On day of hatch, progeny were orally challenged with either 2.2 x 10(3) or 2.2 x 10(4) CFU SE. A 100% incidence in SE organ invasion was observed in all groups. In Expt. 3, eggs were collected from days 43 through 56 of the study. Mean hen-day egg production was 19.8% or 76.8% for heat-stressed or control hens, respectively. On day of hatch, progeny were orally challenged with 2 x 10(3) CFU SE. Rates of SE organ invasion of 95.8% or 95.6% were obtained in progeny from heat-stressed or control hens, respectively. These data suggest that factors other than elevated temperature may be responsible for seasonal resistance to invasive salmonellae infection in neonatal chickens observed in our laboratory during warmer months in Texas.
|
['Animals', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chickens', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Heat Stress Disorders', 'Oviposition', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Random Allocation', 'Salmonella Infections, Animal', 'Salmonella enteritidis', 'Seasons', 'Time Factors']
| 11,417,832
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['C26.522'], ['G08.686.784.480'], ['C22.131.728'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821.706', 'C22.812'], ['B03.440.450.425.800.200.300', 'B03.660.250.150.710.160.160'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A simple methodological validation of the gas/particle fractionation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air.
|
The analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air requires the tedious experimental steps of both sampling and pretreatment (e.g., extraction or clean-up). To replace pre-existing conventional methods, a simple, rapid, and novel technique was developed to measure gas-particle fractionation of PAH in ambient air based on 'sorbent tube-thermal desorption-gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (ST-TD-GC-MS)'. The separate collection and analysis of ambient PAHs were achieved independently by two serially connected STs. The basic quality assurance confirmed good linearity, precision, and high sensitivity to eliminate the need for complicated pretreatment procedures with the detection limit (16 PAHs: 13.1 ± 7.04 pg). The analysis of real ambient PAH samples showed a clear fractionation between gas (two-three ringed PAHs) and particulate phases (five-six ringed PAHs). In contrast, for intermediate (four ringed) PAHs (fluoranthene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, and chrysene), a highly systematic/gradual fractionation was established. It thus suggests a promising role of ST-TD-GC-MS as measurement system in acquiring a reliable database of airborne PAH.
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Calibration', 'Chemical Fractionation', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Gases', 'Limit of Detection', 'Particulate Matter', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons']
| 26,126,962
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['E05.978.155'], ['E05.196.155'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D01.362'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['D20.633'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A comparative metabolomic study of NHR-49 in Caenorhabditis elegans and PPAR-alpha in the mouse.
|
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry based metabolomics has been used in conjunction with multivariate statistics to examine the metabolic changes in Caenorhabditis elegans following the deletion of nuclear hormone receptor-49 (nhr-49). Deletion of the receptor produced profound changes in fatty acid metabolism, in particular an increase in the ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids, a decrease in the concentration of glucose and increases in lactate and alanine. Given the proposed functional similarity between nhr-49 and the mammalian peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) these changes were compared with the metabolome of the PPAR-alpha null mouse. The metabolomic approach demonstrated a number of similarities including the regulation of lipid synthesis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids and changes in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins', 'Fatty Acids', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Gluconeogenesis', 'Glycolysis', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'PPAR alpha', 'Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear']
| 18,435,929
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['D12.776.419.500'], ['D10.251'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['G02.111.158.500', 'G03.191.500'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['D12.776.826.239.500'], ['D12.776.826']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Strategic management of hospitals in France: balance and perspectives].
|
The strategic management was introduced in French hospitals in the late 80s, in a context of inefficiency and the need to control healthcare expenditure. This concept has inspired a series of government reforms, the organization and dynamics of hospitals and the mode of regulating the French health system, assuming a real change of professional culture. The changes in the economic context and in the finance of hospitals, the behavior of users, the population aging, the development of chronic diseases and increased competition, are the new challenges to be faced. The involvement of stakeholders is crucial and the strategic management, based on mobilizing these actors, is today, a method of administration particularly well adapted to the health area. This article aims to present the impact of the concept of strategic management in the evolution of French hospitals and the consequences of these developments on the outlook for the dissemination of strategic management in the health sector. To do so, it is examined the evolution of the French context until 2010, the new challenges that French hospitals must face and, finally, the consequences of these challenges on how to design services, manage the relationships between the actors of the health system and organize the operational functioning of hospitals.
|
['Delivery of Health Care', 'France', 'Hospital Administration']
| 20,802,862
|
[['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['H02.309', 'N02.278.216.500', 'N04.452.442.452']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
DIANA-microT web server: elucidating microRNA functions through target prediction.
|
Computational microRNA (miRNA) target prediction is one of the key means for deciphering the role of miRNAs in development and disease. Here, we present the DIANA-microT web server as the user interface to the DIANA-microT 3.0 miRNA target prediction algorithm. The web server provides extensive information for predicted miRNA:target gene interactions with a user-friendly interface, providing extensive connectivity to online biological resources. Target gene and miRNA functions may be elucidated through automated bibliographic searches and functional information is accessible through Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The web server offers links to nomenclature, sequence and protein databases, and users are facilitated by being able to search for targeted genes using different nomenclatures or functional features, such as the genes possible involvement in biological pathways. The target prediction algorithm supports parameters calculated individually for each miRNA:target gene interaction and provides a signal-to-noise ratio and a precision score that helps in the evaluation of the significance of the predicted results. Using a set of miRNA targets recently identified through the pSILAC method, the performance of several computational target prediction programs was assessed. DIANA-microT 3.0 achieved there with 66% the highest ratio of correctly predicted targets over all predicted targets. The DIANA-microT web server is freely available at www.microrna.gr/microT.
|
['Algorithms', 'Binding Sites', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'MicroRNAs', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Software', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 19,406,924
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G05.308'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['L01.224.900'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Further development of a physical function scale on a MDHAQ [corrected] for standard care of patients with rheumatic diseases.
|
OBJECTIVE: To analyze a further version of the Multidimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire (MDHAQ) with 10 activities of daily living (ADL), which is more easily completed by patients and scored by health professionals than a 14-ADL MDHAQ; and to determine if the 10-ADL MDHAQ would be as informative as the 14-ADL MDHAQ, the 20-ADL HAQ, and the 8-ADL modified HAQ (MHAQ), which is more easily reviewed and scored than the HAQ, but scores are routinely 0.3-0.5 units lower than HAQ scores.METHODS: In standard care, 144 consecutive patients completed a HAQ, which includes a MHAQ, and 14-ADL MDHAQ, which includes a 10-ADL MDHAQ subscale, all scored 0-3. These scales were analyzed for mean and median scores, Cronbach's alpha to estimate internal consistency, factor analysis to estimate construct validity, and cumulative percentile scores.RESULTS: Mean (median) scores for the HAQ, MHAQ, 14-ADL MDHAQ, and 10-ADL MDHAQ physical function scales were 0.80 (0.75), 0.48 (0.38), 0.83 (0.79), and 0.73 (0.70), respectively. Internal consistency of each scale was very good. The lowest 25 percentile score was 0.16 on the HAQ, 0.0 on the MHAQ, 0.36 on the 14-ADL MDHAQ, and 0.20 on the 10-ADL MDHAQ.CONCLUSION: The MDHAQ physical function scale of 10 ADL is more easily completed and scored than the 14-ADL MDHAQ or 20-ADL HAQ, while providing similar information.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Health Status Indicators', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Rheumatic Diseases', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 16,078,316
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['C05.799', 'C17.300.775'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects on the prostate of environmental cadmium exposure--a cross-sectional population study in China.
|
To explore possible effects of environmental cadmium exposure on prostate in humans, and the possible relationship of serum sex hormones to occurrence of clinic signs of tissue changes in the prostate, a case-control study was undertaken in the southeast part of China in 1998. A total of 297 male volunteers from a control area and two cadmium-polluted areas were included as subjects in this study. All the subjects were required to answer a questionnaire and to undergo a complete physical examination including digital-rectal examination (DRE). Blood and urine samples were collected. Serum total prostate specific antigen (PSA), total serum testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured by radioimmunoassay and enzymeimmunoassay method, respectively. The data of urinary cadmium (U-Cd) and blood cadmium (B-Cd) were obtained by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) as an indicator of cadmium body burden. Statistical analysis was applied to investigate a possible relation between cadmium exposure and prostate pathological changes. The results show that there is a clear dose-response relationship between cadmium exposure and the prevalence of cases with abnormal PSA. The blood cadmium content in cases with positive DRE was significantly higher than that of subjects with negative DRE (P < 0.05). Significant differences in the level of FSH between cases with positive DRE and the normal subjects were also noted (P < 0.05). These results indicate that chronic environmental cadmium exposure is associated with injuries to human prostate. A possible relationship to changes in circulating sex hormones needs further investigation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cadmium', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Gonadal Steroid Hormones', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Palpation', 'Prostate', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen']
| 15,688,864
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['D06.472.334.851'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.600'], ['A05.360.444.575', 'A10.336.707'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Genetic analysis of infectious diseases: estimating gene effects for susceptibility and infectivity.
|
BACKGROUND: Genetic selection of livestock against infectious diseases can complement existing interventions to control infectious diseases. Most genetic approaches that aim at reducing disease prevalence assume that individual disease status (infected/not-infected) is solely a function of its susceptibility to a particular pathogen. However, individual infectivity also affects the risk and prevalence of an infection in a population. Variation in susceptibility and infectivity between hosts affects transmission of an infection in the population, which is usually measured by the value of the basic reproduction ratio R 0 . R 0 is an important epidemiological parameter that determines the risk and prevalence of infectious diseases. An individual's breeding value for R 0 is a function of its genes that influence both susceptibility and infectivity. Thus, to estimate the effects of genes on R 0 , we need to estimate the effects of genes on individual susceptibility and infectivity. To that end, we developed a generalized linear model (GLM) to estimate relative effects of genes for susceptibility and infectivity. A simulation was performed to investigate bias and precision of the estimates, the effect of R 0 , the size of the effects of genes for susceptibility and infectivity, and relatedness among group mates on bias and precision. We considered two bi-allelic loci that affect, respectively, the individuals' susceptibility only and individuals' infectivity only.RESULTS: A GLM with complementary log-log link function can be used to estimate the relative effects of genes on the individual's susceptibility and infectivity. The model was developed from an equation that describes the probability of an individual to become infected as a function of its own susceptibility genotype and infectivity genotypes of all its infected group mates. Results show that bias is smaller when R 0 ranges approximately from 1.8 to 3.1 and relatedness among group mates is higher. With larger effects, both absolute and relative standard deviations become clearly smaller, but the relative bias remains the same.CONCLUSIONS: We developed a GLM to estimate the relative effect of genes that affect individual susceptibility and infectivity. This model can be used in genome-wide association studies that aim at identifying genes that influence the prevalence of infectious diseases.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Communicable Diseases', 'Computer Simulation', 'Genetic Heterogeneity', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genome-Wide Association Study', 'Host-Pathogen Interactions', 'Humans', 'Models, Genetic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Selection, Genetic']
| 26,537,023
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G05.365.331'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['E05.318.370.392', 'E05.318.416.249', 'E05.393.385.500', 'E05.393.522.500', 'E05.393.760.640.500', 'N06.850.520.445.392', 'N06.850.520.470.500'], ['G06.462', 'G16.527.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['G05.783']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Improvement of vitamin D status via daily intake of fortified yogurt drink either with or without extra calcium ameliorates systemic inflammatory biomarkers, including adipokines, in the subjects with type 2 diabetes.
|
CONTEXT: Systemic inflammation is thought to have a central role in diabetic long-term complications.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin D either with or without extra calcium on certain inflammatory biomarkers in the subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D).DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial conducted over 12 wk in 90 T2D subjects aged 30-60 yr from both sexes.INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomly allocated to one of three groups to receive two 250-ml bottles a day of plain Persian yogurt drink or doogh (PD, containing 150 mg calcium and no detectable vitamin D(3)/250 ml), vitamin D-fortified doogh (DD, containing 500 IU vitamin D(3) and 150 mg calcium/250 ml), or calcium + vitamin D(3)-fortified doogh (CDD, containing 500 IU vitamin D(3) and 250 mg calcium/250 ml).OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes in inflammatory markers were evaluated.RESULTS: Compared to the baseline values, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, IL-1â, IL-6, fibrinogen, and retinol binding protein-4 concentrations significantly decreased in both the DD and CDD groups. Although the decrement in highly sensitive C-reactive protein and fibrinogen was more in CDD compared to DD (-4.0 ± 8.5 vs. -1.3 ± 2.8 mg/liter, and -0.40 ± 0.74 and -0.20 ± 0.52 mg/liter, respectively), the differences were not significant. There was a significant increase in serum adiponectin in both the DD and CDD groups (51.3 ± 65.3 vs. 57.1 ± 33.8 ìg/liter; P < 0.05). Mean adiponectin changes in CDD were significantly higher than in PD (P = 0.021).CONCLUSIONS: Daily intake of vitamin D-fortified doogh improved inflammatory markers in T2D subjects, and extra calcium conferred additional benefit only for the antiinflammatory adipokine, i.e. adiponectin.
|
['Adiponectin', 'Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Calcium, Dietary', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Food, Fortified', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamins', 'Yogurt']
| 22,442,277
|
[['D06.472.699.042.249', 'D12.644.276.024.249', 'D12.644.548.011.249', 'D12.776.467.024.249', 'D23.529.024.249'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['D01.146.395'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G07.203.300.515', 'J02.500.515'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600'], ['G07.203.200.500.888', 'G07.203.300.350.300.888', 'J02.350.500.888', 'J02.500.350.300.888']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Blood lipids in Italy. Regional differences.
|
Serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels have been evaluated in samples from fasting males aged 20--59 in Northern (Brisighella), Central (Rome) and Southern (Pozzuoli) Italy. Regularly performed quality controls between laboratories assured comparability of data. A statisitically significant difference of mean serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels was observed for most age-groups in the 3 different areas, lower values being found in the southern population as compared to the central and northern ones. These results support previous findings and the thesis that large differences in blood lipid levels may still exist even within the same country and that they at least in part may be culturally determined in connection with different dietary habits.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Cholesterol', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Triglycerides']
| 728,233
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A new p21waf1/cip1 isoform is an early event of cell response to oxidative stress.
|
p21waf1/cip1 mRNA and protein accumulate in intact cells exposed to oxidizing agents through a p53-independent, MAPK-dependent mechanism. Treatment with oxidizing agents also yields a second form of this protein (FM p21), characterized by a faster migration on SDS-PAGE. This phenomenon depends on the modification of intracellular redox conditions induced by diethylmaleate, a glutathione-depleting agent, being prevented by the pretreatment with the glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine. The appearance of this FM p21 form is very early, being observed 5 min after exposure to diethylmaleate, long before the already observed accumulation of p21 induced by oxidative stress. Furthermore, experiments with dominant negative mutants of MEK demonstrate that, in contrast with that observed for the oxidative stress-induced accumulation of p21 mRNA and protein, the appearance of FM p21 form is not dependent from the activation of the MAPK pathway. It was previously observed (Tchou et al, 1996) that in some lung carcinoma cells long exposure to high doses of phorbol esters also induces the appearance of a faster-migrating p21 electrophoretic band and it was suggested that this could result from a different phosphorylation or from a proteolytic processing at the C-terminus of the protein. The latter is not the case for the diethylmaleate-induced FM p21 whose C-terminus is intact, as demonstrated by the expression of a C-terminus tagged p21 cDNA. On the contrary, the observed migration shift seems to be dependent on the hypophosphorylation of the protein; in fact, a pretreatment of cells with okadaic acid, an inhibitor of (serine/threonine) phosphatases, inhibits the oxidation-dependent appearance of the FM p21 and the block of protein synthesis, caused by cycloeximide, does not affect the appearance of FM p21, that thus could derive from the dephosphorylation of preexisting protein.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'COS Cells', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21', 'Cyclins', 'DNA Primers', 'Glutathione', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Maleates', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate']
| 9,846,180
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['D12.644.360.225.500', 'D12.776.157.687.250', 'D12.776.167.187.500', 'D12.776.476.225.500', 'D12.776.624.776.355.500', 'D12.776.660.720.250'], ['D12.644.360.262', 'D12.776.167.218', 'D12.776.476.262'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.337.502'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Remodeling of the plasma membrane in preparation for sperm-egg recognition: roles of acrosomal proteins.
|
The interaction of sperm with the egg's extracellular matrix, the zona pellucida (ZP) is the first step of the union between male and female gametes. The molecular mechanisms of this process have been studied for the past six decades with the results obtained being both interesting and confusing. In this article, we describe our recent work, which attempts to address two lines of questions from previous studies. First, because there are numerous ZP binding proteins reported by various researchers, how do these proteins act together in sperm-ZP interaction? Second, why do a number of acrosomal proteins have ZP affinity? Are they involved mainly in the initial sperm-ZP binding or rather in anchoring acrosome reacting/reacted spermatozoa to the ZP? Our studies reveal that a number of ZP binding proteins and chaperones, extracted from the anterior sperm head plasma membrane, coexist as high molecular weight (HMW) complexes, and that these complexes in capacitated spermatozoa have preferential ability to bind to the ZP. Zonadhesin (ZAN), known as an acrosomal protein with ZP affinity, is one of these proteins in the HMW complexes. Immunoprecipitation indicates that ZAN interacts with other acrosomal proteins, proacrosin/acrosin and sp32 (ACRBP), also present in the HMW complexes. Immunodetection of ZAN and proacrosin/acrosin on spermatozoa further indicates that both proteins traffic to the sperm head surface during capacitation where the sperm acrosomal matrix is still intact, and therefore they are likely involved in the initial sperm-ZP binding step.
|
['Acrosome', 'Cell Membrane', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Ovum', 'Sperm Capacitation', 'Sperm-Ovum Interactions', 'Spermatozoa', 'Zona Pellucida']
| 25,994,642
|
[['A05.360.490.890.820.100', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550.040', 'A11.497.760.400.100'], ['A11.284.149'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['G08.686.784.277.760'], ['G08.686.784.277.800'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['A05.360.490.690.950', 'A11.284.295.310.990', 'A11.497.497.900', 'A16.690.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of protein synthesis by vaccinia virus. II. Studies on the role of virus-induced RNA synthesis.
|
Cytoplasmic RNA synthesis can be detected in vaccinia virus-infected HeLa cells in the presence of 2 micrograms/ml but not 20 micrograms/ml of actinomycin D. When RNA synthesis is observed protein synthesis is inhibited in infected, treated cells. We had previously noted that such a correlation may also be observed in infected, cycloheximide-treated cells. If actinomycin D (20 micrograms/ml) is added to these cells at various times after infection and treatment, the inhibition of protein synthesis seen upon removal of cycloheximide does not continue beyond the point to which it had developed before the actinomycin D was added. These results indicate that the inhibition of protein synthesis can be correlated with the amount of cytoplasmic RNA synthesized in infected cells and that this RNA synthesis and the subsequent inhibition of protein synthesis can be prevented by sufficiently high concentrations of actinomycin D. The cytoplasmic RNA which is synthesized does not appear to consist of double-stranded RNA nor of extensive self complementary regions. The cytoplasmic RNA synthesized in infected, cycloheximide treated cells appears to consist of early virus mRNA which can function as mRNA in vitro in a cell-free system derived from normal cells. An examination of the phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins shows six additional phosphoproteins in infected cells, two of which may be observed in infected cycloheximide-treated cells, suggesting that phosphorylation of ribosomal proteins cannot be directly correlated with the inhibition of overall protein synthesis seen in infected cycloheximide-treated cells.
|
['Cycloheximide', 'Dactinomycin', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'L Cells', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'RNA, Double-Stranded', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Neoplasm', 'RNA, Viral', 'Ribosomal Proteins', 'Vaccinia virus']
| 528,979
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Diversity of immunoglobulin light chain usage in the human immune response to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide.
|
The response to the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib PS) has been used to determine the molecular basis of antibody gene diversity in humans. In contrast to the relatively restricted nature of anti-Hib PS heavy-chain variable region gene expression, a variety of light-chain variable region genes may encode this antibody (Ab) response. Light-chain variable region gene usage appears to determine the expression of certain Ab idiotypes and fine antigen specificity. To further define the role of light-chain variable region gene usage in important anti-Hib PS Ab subgroups, we have cloned and sequenced a number of immunoglobulin light-chain variable region genes (IgVL) from human monoclonal IgA anti-Hib PS Ab generated in response to Hib PS-protein conjugate vaccines. Three of these Ab are encoded by unusual variable segments. One kappa-Ab is encoded by the "predominant" V kappa II A2 germline gene but, in contrast to a previously reported A2-encoded IgVL sequence, differs from the A2 germline sequence. The IgVL sequence of a second Ab is the only sequence of a kappa-Ab that cross-reacts with the structurally related antigen Escherichia coli K100 polysaccharide reported to date. This IgVL is encoded by a V kappa III-segment most closely homologous to the Humhv328/L16 germline gene, whereas previous reports suggested V kappa III-encoded anti-Hib PS Ab might be exclusively encoded by the germline gene Humhv325/A27.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibody Diversity', 'Bacterial Capsules', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA', 'Genes, Immunoglobulin', 'Haemophilus Vaccines', 'Humans', 'Hybridomas', 'Immunoglobulin Light Chains', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polysaccharides, Bacterial', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 8,460,070
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G05.365.036', 'G12.500.199'], ['A20.186'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.335', 'G12.500.299'], ['D20.215.894.135.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.353.485', 'A11.251.600.485'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.698.718', 'D23.050.161.616'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Study on the toxicity of horseshoe crabs in mice].
|
In order to study the toxicity of horseshoe crabs(tachypleus tridentatus and carcinoscorpius rotundicauda) in the sea of China, the extracts of tissues from tachypleus tridentatus and carcinoscorpius rotundicauda were injected into the abdominal cavity of mice for testing their poisoning effects. The results showed that the toxicity of carcinoscorpius rotundicauda was much higher than that of tachypleus tridentatus. The length of time from the injection to the death was much shorter for Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda than that for tachypleus tridentatus. The signs before death for Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda poisoning were restless, jumping and spasm but that for Tachypleus tridentatus was lethargy. The toxicity of adult horseshoe crabs was much higher than that of young horseshoe crabs.
|
['Animals', 'Arthropods', 'Female', 'Foodborne Diseases', 'Horseshoe Crabs', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Tissue Extracts']
| 12,725,072
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131'], ['C25.723.415'], ['B01.050.500.131.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.777']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Study on chemical constituents of Cinnamomi Ramulus].
|
The chemical constituents of Cinnamomi Ramulus were investigated in this study. Twenty-two compounds were isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatographies and preparative HPLC and their structures were identified by various spectral analyses as dihydrorosavin(1), rosavin(2), 1-phenyl-propane-1,2,3-triol(3), patchoulol(4), graphostromane B(5),(+)-lyoniresinol-3 a-O-â-D-glucopyranoside(6),(-)-lyoniresinol-3 a-O-â-D-glucopyranoside(7), cinnacaside(8), subaveniumin A(9), 3-phenyl-2-propenyl-6-O-L-arabinopyranosyl-â-glucopyranoside(10), 2-phenylethyl-â-vicianoside(11), cinnacasol(12), [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6R)-6-(benzyloxy)-3,4,5-trihydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl] methyl hydrogen sulfate(13), coniferyl aldehyde(14),(2R,3R)-5,7-dimethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavan-3-ol(15), cinnacassin L(16), E-cinnamic alcohol(17),(E)-3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ol(18), 2-hydroxyphenylpropanol(19), cinnamomulactone(20),(+)-syringaresinol(21) and cinnamomumolide(22), respectively. Among them, 1 is a new compound and 3-7, 9-11, 13, 15, 18 and 19 were isolated from the plant for the first time.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cinnamomum', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Phytochemicals']
| 32,237,421
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.595.400.149'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D23.704']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute and chronic brain infarcts on MR imaging in a 20-year-old woman with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy.
|
A 20-year-old woman recently diagnosed with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy developed headaches, weakness, and paresthesias. MR imaging of the brain revealed an acute infarct (demonstrated by diffusion-weighted images) in the head of the right caudate nucleus, a chronic infarct with encephalomalacia in the body of the corpus callosum, and multiple foci of abnormal signal intensity in the white matter of the centrum semiovale.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Infarction', 'Caudate Nucleus', 'Choroid Diseases', 'Chronic Disease', 'Corpus Callosum', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Pigment Epithelium of Eye', 'Retinal Diseases']
| 16,418,358
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477', 'C14.907.253.855.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250', 'C23.550.717.489.250'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.184'], ['C11.941.160'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.800.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['A09.371.670', 'A10.272.640'], ['C11.768']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The prevalence of venous thromboembolism in rectal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
|
PURPOSE: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) following rectal surgery is a significant and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality, yet the true prevalence is not well established. This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the available literature and determined its prevalence following rectal surgery.METHODS: A systematic review assessed the prevalence of VTE following rectal surgery. In addition, we evaluated whether subgroups (open vs. minimally invasive or benign vs. malignant resections) impacted on its prevalence or rate of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE).RESULT: Thirty-eight studies met the predefined inclusion criteria. The aggregate prevalence of VTE following rectal surgery was 1.25% (95% CI 0.86-1.63), with DVT and PE occurring in 0.68% (95% CI 0.48-0.89) and 0.57% (95% CI 0.47-0.68) of patients. VTE following cancer and benign resection was 1.59% (95% CI 0.60-1.23 and 1.5% (95% CI 0.89-2.12) respectively. The prevalence of VTE in patients having minimally invasive resection was lower than those having open surgery [0.58% (16/2770) vs. 2.22% (250/11278); RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33-0.86].CONCLUSION: This review observed that there is sparse evidence on prevalence of VTE following rectal surgery. It provides aggregated data and analysis of available literature, showing overall prevalence is low, especially in those having minimally invasive procedures.
|
['Digestive System Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Prevalence', 'Publication Bias', 'Rectum', 'Risk Factors', 'Robotics', 'Venous Thromboembolism']
| 30,824,975
|
[['E04.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E04.502'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['L01.737.813'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['H01.671.293.643', 'J01.897.104.834', 'L01.224.050.375.630'], ['C14.907.355.590.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Measuring In Vivo Tissue Metabolism Using 13
|
Metabolic alterations are a hallmark of cancer. While determining metabolic changes in vitro has delivered valuable insight into the metabolism of cancer cells, it emerges that determining the in vivo metabolism adds an additional layer of information. Here, we therefore describe how to measure the in vivo metabolism of cancer tissue using 13C glucose infusions in mice.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Glucose', 'Metabolomics', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neoplasms', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 30,315,460
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['H01.158.201.586', 'H01.158.273.180.599', 'H01.181.122.638'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C04'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Method of mapping DNA replication origins.
|
We have developed a method which allows determination of the direction in which replication forks move through segments of chromosomal DNA for which cloned probes are available. The method is based on the facts that DNA restriction fragments containing replication forks migrate more slowly through agarose gels than do non-fork-containing fragments and that the extent of retardation of the fork-containing fragments is a function of the extent of replication. The procedure allows the identification of DNA replication origins as sites from which replication forks diverge. In this paper we demonstrate the feasibility of this procedure, with simian virus 40 DNA as a model, and we discuss its applicability to other systems.
|
['Chromatography', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'DNA Replication', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'DNA, Viral', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Genes, Regulator', 'Simian virus 40']
| 2,984,557
|
[['E05.196.181'], ['E05.393.183'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.425'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.700', 'B04.613.204.670.615.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Status epilepticus induced by lithium-pilocarpine in the immature rat does not change the long-term susceptibility to seizures.
|
The causal relationship between early seizures and subsequent temporal lobe epilepsy has not yet been established. Prospective clinical studies reported that seizures occurring early in life rarely result in hippocampal sclerosis. Likewise, in most experimental models, early seizures occurring before the end of the second postnatal week do not lead to neuronal damage and subsequent epilepsy. In some models, this early event decreases latency sensitivity and threshold to seizures. In the present study, we induced lithium and pilocarpine status epilepticus (SE) in 10-day-old (P10) rats. The goal of this study was to determine whether this early life SE altered the sensitivity to convulsants such as pentylenetetrazol (20 and 25 mg/kg), picrotoxin (2.5 and 4.0 mg/kg) and kainate (5 and 8 mg/kg) during adulthood. The occurrence of electrographic seizures (spike-and-wave discharges, SWD) and/or of behavioral seizures was monitored. There was no difference in latency to and duration of SWDs and seizures between lithium-saline and lithium-pilocarpine exposed rats. Thus, SE induced by lithium and pilocarpine early in life does not change the sensitivity to limbic seizures or seizures induced by GABA(A) antagonists during adulthood.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Cerebellar Cortex', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electroencephalography', 'Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists', 'Female', 'GABA Antagonists', 'GABA-A Receptor Antagonists', 'Kainic Acid', 'Lithium', 'Male', 'Muscarinic Agonists', 'Pentylenetetrazole', 'Picrotoxin', 'Pilocarpine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Reaction Time', 'Status Epilepticus']
| 12,350,394
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.212'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['D27.505.519.625.190.200', 'D27.505.696.577.190.200'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.300', 'D27.505.696.577.240.300'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.300.500', 'D27.505.696.577.240.300.500'], ['D03.383.773.400'], ['D01.268.549.450', 'D01.268.557.290', 'D01.552.528.480', 'D01.552.547.290'], ['D27.505.519.625.120.140.500', 'D27.505.696.577.120.140.500'], ['D03.383.066.600'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.800', 'D02.540.552'], ['D03.132.672'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['C10.597.742.785', 'C23.888.592.742.785']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preliminary investigation on Mgbede-20 oil-polluted site in Niger Delta, Nigeria.
|
Soil physicochemical properties (pH, electrical conductivity (EC), % moisture, total organic carbon (TOC), total organic matter (TOM)), total extractable hydrocarbon content (THC), and micronutrient (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) levels of the Mgbede-20 oil-impacted site in Niger Delta, Nigeria, were investigated. Both oil-impacted and their background control soils were found to be acidic especially at surface depth. A slightly higher EC value of 107.4+/-15.0 microS cm(-1) was obtained for the subsurface-polluted soils. Of the micronutrients investigated, only Fe exceeded its acceptable limit (>100 mg/kg). The observed increase in moisture content resulting from the oil's aggregation of soil particles may lower soil porosity, and increase resistance to penetration and hydrophobicity. Soil pH can be adjusted by aeration to complete the microbially mediated oxidation of the organic acids, followed by the addition of agricultural lime to provide some buffering capacity to the soil.
|
['Electric Conductivity', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Nigeria', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Petroleum', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 17,193,292
|
[['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['G02.300'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['D02'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Biocompatibility test of polyhydroxybutyrate on human cell line.
|
The human fibroblast MRC-5 cells incubated with PHB granules (TM) added at a final concentration of 4 mg/ml showed a time-course pattern of survival. The percentages of dead cells obtained were at the rate of 3.8% after 7 days, respectively. When the MRC-5 cells grown in different material, using the test concentration of 4 mg/ml PCM, they were found to show a similar time-course increasing pattern of death as that obtained with PHB. However, the death was noted in the cells incubated for 7 days, the death rates obtained was 40.54% respectively.
|
['Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Hydroxybutyrates', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Materials Testing', 'Polymers']
| 15,468,838
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.329.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.114.937', 'D02.241.511.429', 'D10.251.400.143.781'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.570'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation of histamine H1 receptor function and [3H]mepyramine binding in porcine tracheal tissue.
|
In order to validate the use of [3H]mepyramine as a radioligand to label airway histamine H1 receptors, the results of radioligand binding experiments using porcine tracheal tissue membranes were compared with the results of physiologic studies measuring histamine-induced trachealis muscle contraction. Close agreement was found between histamine-induced [3H]mepyramine binding inhibition and histamine concentration-contraction-response curves. Close agreement was also found between the KD of mepyramine-induced [3H]mepyramine binding inhibition and the K beta of mepyramine antagonism of muscle contractions stimulated by 10(-4) M histamine. [3H]Mepyramine binding was found to be rapid, reversible, saturable and stereospecific. Only H1 agonists and antagonists displayed potent [3H]mepyramine binding inhibition in competition binding studies. The results fulfill criteria for histamine H1 receptor identification by radioligand binding with [3H]mepyramine.
|
['Aminopyridines', 'Animals', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Pyrilamine', 'Receptors, Histamine', 'Receptors, Histamine H1', 'Swine', 'Time Factors', 'Trachea']
| 3,666,006
|
[['D02.092.080', 'D03.383.725.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D03.383.725.050.805'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.450.300', 'D12.776.543.750.695.350', 'D12.776.543.750.720.480.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging estimation of altered capillary permeability in experimental mammary carcinomas after X-irradiation.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhanced with a macromolecular contrast medium, albumin-(Gd-DTPA)35, was used to detect changes in microvascular characteristics in R3230 mammary adenocarcinomas induced by x-irradiation.METHODS: Tumors were implanted in either flank in nine rats. One of the tumors was exposed to single-dose x-irradiation (30 Gy) 3 days before MRI. The contralateral control tumor was shielded from irradiation.RESULTS: Capillary permeability to macromolecular contrast medium in irradiated tumors was elevated significantly (P < .05) compared to the control nonirradiated tumors. The mean estimated permeability surface area product for the irradiated tumors increased more than three-fold; 0.511 +/- .046 mL hr-1 cm-3 compared with 0.121 +/- .011 mL hr-1 cm-3 for the nonirradiated tumors. This radiation-induced increase in permeability was corroborated using a macromolecular Evans blue-protein complex measured in the same tumors using an invasive spectrophotometric technique.CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic MRI-enhanced with macromolecular contrast medium permits noninvasive quantitative estimates of capillary permeability in tumors, with and without x-irradiation. Because the transendothelial permeability for macromolecular solutes likely influences tumoral accumulation of macromolecular chemotherapeutic agents, this noninvasive technique may prove to be clinically useful in tailoring tumor treatment programs which combine radiation and chemotherapy.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Albumins', 'Animals', 'Capillaries', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Contrast Media', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Evans Blue', 'Gadolinium', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Pentetic Acid', 'Radiography', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Soft Tissue Neoplasms', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 7,890,512
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D12.776.034'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D02.172.560', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.400', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.300', 'D04.615.638.555.400'], ['D01.268.558.362.484', 'D01.552.550.399.484'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['E05.624'], ['D02.691'], ['D02.092.782.590', 'D02.241.081.018.639'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['C04.588.839'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Growth on Congo red agar: possible means of identifying penicillin-resistant non-penicillinase-producing gonococci.
|
Exceptional strains of gonococci that grow on Congo red agar were found to be penicillin-resistant non-penicillinase producers.
|
['Agar', 'Congo Red', 'Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'Neisseria meningitidis', 'Penicillin Resistance', 'Penicillinase', 'Species Specificity']
| 411,807
|
[['D09.698.360.041'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.300', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.250', 'D04.615.638.555.300'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.474', 'B03.660.075.525.520.400'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.641', 'B03.660.075.525.520.500'], ['G06.099.225.500.600', 'G06.225.347.500.600', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600'], ['D08.811.277.087.180.697'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Free-edge stress analysis of functionally graded material layered biocomposite laminates.
|
A stress function based theory is proposed to obtain free-edge stress distributions for three-dimensional, orthotropic, linearly elastic rectangular biocomposite laminates with surface-bonded functionally graded materials (FGM). The assumed stress fields automatically satisfy the pointwise equilibrium equation, as well as traction-free and free edge boundary conditions. The complementary virtual work principle, followed by the general eigenvalue solution procedure, is used to obtain 3-D free edge stress states. A typical stacking sequence of composite laminate is used as numerical investigation with surface bonded FGMs. It is shown that with proper exponential factor of FGMs, the interlaminar stresses at the FGM layer interface can be reduced significantly, in return to prevent debonding of FGM layers. This approach can be useful in the design of functionally graded material layered biocomposite structures.
|
['Biocompatible Materials', 'Materials Testing', 'Shear Strength', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 25,942,808
|
[['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['E05.570'], ['G01.374.820'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lower limb compartment syndrome associated with Lloyd-Davies/lithotomy position in colorectal surgery.
|
Lower limb compartment syndrome is a rare complication of surgical patients submitted to operation in the lithotomy/Lloyd-Davies position. The diagnosis and treatment of this feared complication should be promptly instituted otherwise the patient may have serious neuromuscular impairment, limb loss or even fatal outcome. Furthermore, rabdomyolysis and myoglobinuria may lead to acute renal failure. Among the factors involved in the development of this syndrome are prolonged operation time, elevation of the lower limbs, Trendelenburg position, metabolic acidosis and perioperative hypotension. The authors illustrate this rare and deadly complication after an abdominal perineal resection for a low rectal cancer in an otherwise healthy patient. Early fasciotomies of all three compartments of both legs led to complete functional recovery of both limbs and avoided more serious complications. The authors emphasize the importance of early recognition of this syndrome as well as immediate or even prophylactic intervention to avoid most common sequelae. Moreover, they point out some preventive measures that can be observed to lower the incidence of this condition in patients exposed for a long period to this position during colorectal or urological operations.
|
['Aged', 'Compartment Syndromes', 'Digestive System Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Posture', 'Rectal Neoplasms']
| 15,011,839
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.651.180', 'C14.907.303'], ['E04.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['G11.427.695'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The transcriptional control machinery as well as the cell wall integrity and its regulation are involved in the detoxification of the organic solvent dimethyl sulfoxide in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
|
In the present study, we have identified 339 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-sensitive and nine DMSO-tolerant gene mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae through a functional genomics approach. Twelve of these identified DMSO-sensitive mutations are of genes involved in the general control of gene expression mediated by the SWR1 complex and the RNA polymerase II mediator complex, whereas 71 of them are of genes involved in the protein trafficking and vacuolar sorting processes. In addition, twelve of these DMSO-sensitive mutations are of genes involved in the cell wall integrity (CWI) and its regulation. DMSO-tolerant mutations are of genes mainly involved in the metabolism and the gene expression control. Therefore, the transcriptional control machinery, the CWI and its regulation as well as the protein trafficking and sorting process play critical roles in the DMSO detoxification in yeast cells.
|
['Biotransformation', 'Cell Wall', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Mutation', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Solvents', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 23,157,175
|
[['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['A11.284.183'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G03.493'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D27.720.844'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mother-child play and maltreatment: a longitudinal analysis of emerging social behavior from infancy to toddlerhood.
|
Mother-child play of maltreating and nonmaltreating families was analyzed when infants were 12 months old (Time 1), and 2 years old (Time 2), as a context to examine children's developing cognitive and social skills. At Time 1, infants from abusing families demonstrated less independent and more imitative behavior during play than did infants from neglecting and nonmaltreating families, suggesting a delay in emerging social behaviors. In this longitudinal follow-up, mother-child play was reassessed 1 year later (N = 78), with a focus on children's engagement in nonplay and pretend play and on children's abilities to initiate social exchanges and respond to parental requests. Play and social behavior were coded from semistructured and unstructured play paradigms at both time points. Maternal attention-directing behavior and limit setting also was assessed. At Time 2, children from abusing, neglecting, and nonmaltreating families did not differ in cognitive play complexity. However, children from abusing families engaged in less child-initiated play than did children from neglecting and nonmaltreating families, demonstrating less socially competent behavior. Longitudinal analyses revealed child initiated play at Time 2 was negatively associated with abuse and with maternal physical attention directing behavior at Time 1. Child negative reactivity at Time 2 was positively associated with Time 1 maternal physical behavior and child imitation and with Time 2 maternal controlling behavior. Implications for early intervention efforts are emphasized.
|
['Child Abuse', 'Child Development', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Mothers', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Play and Playthings', 'Psychology, Child', 'Social Behavior', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 21,744,951
|
[['I01.198.240.856.350.250', 'I01.880.735.900.350.250'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['I03.450.642.693'], ['F04.096.628.193'], ['F01.145.813'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular cloning and developmental expression of foxP2 in zebrafish.
|
Forkhead domain transcription factors are a large gene family with multiple roles in development. FOXP2, a recently identified member of this family, has been shown to be critical for normal development of language in humans, but little is known of its broader function during nervous system development. We report here the cloning of foxP2, the zebrafish ortholog of FOXP2. Zebrafish FoxP2 is highly conserved in its zinc-finger and forkhead domains, but lacks the large glutamine repeat characteristic of its orthologs. In examining the spatial and temporal distribution of foxP2 during development, we find that it is specifically expressed in many domains of the nervous system, including the telencephalon, diencephalon, cerebellum, hindbrain, tectum, retinal ganglion cells, and spinal cord. Thus, in addition to specific roles in language development, foxP2 likely has a more general conserved role in nervous system development.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Telencephalon', 'Zebrafish', 'Zebrafish Proteins']
| 16,028,276
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['G05.308.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['A08.186.211.200.885'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828'], ['D12.776.325.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Technosphere insulin: defining the role of Technosphere particles at the cellular level.
|
BACKGROUND: Technosphere Insulin (TI) is a novel inhalation powder for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Technosphere Insulin delivers insulin with an ultra rapid pharmacokinetic profile that is distinctly different from all other insulin products but similar to natural insulin release. Such rapid absorption is often associated with penetration enhancers that disrupt cellular integrity.METHODS: Technosphere Insulin was compared to a panel of known penetration enhancers in vitro using the Calu-3 lung cell line to investigate the effects of TI on insulin transport.RESULTS: Measures of tight junction integrity such as transepithelial electrical resistance, Lucifer yellow permeability, and F-actin staining patterns were all unaffected by TI. Cell viability and plasma membrane integrity were also not affected by TI. In contrast, cells treated with comparable (or lower) concentrations of penetration enhancers showed elevated Lucifer yellow permeability, disruption of the F-actin network, reduced cell viability, and compromised plasma membranes.CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that TI is not cytotoxic in an in vitro human lung cell model and does not function as a penetration enhancer. Furthermore, TI does not appear to affect the transport of insulin across cellular barriers.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Biological Transport', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Cell Survival', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Decanoic Acids', 'Deoxycholic Acid', 'Fumarates', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Insulin', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Octoxynol', 'Piperazines', 'Powders', 'Tight Junctions']
| 20,144,294
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['G03.143'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['D10.251.175'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342'], ['D02.241.081.337.302'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.660', 'D05.750.741.610', 'D25.720.741.610', 'J01.637.051.720.741.610'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D26.255.779'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.820']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The influence of chronic pentroxifylline medication on ergometric and hemodynamic parameters in intermittent claudication (author's transl)].
|
In an open clinical trial 14 patients with intermittent claudication caused by an obliteration of the femoral artery received 400 mg pentoxifylline 3 times daily over a period of 6 months. The walking distance, time to peak flow and calf ergometry showed a significant increase. Minor improvement of working hyperemia and peak flow could be found. The systolic pressure gradient over the obstruction didn't change. No patient complained about side effects.
|
['Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Femoral Artery', 'Humans', 'Hyperemia', 'Intermittent Claudication', 'Pentoxifylline', 'Theobromine']
| 556,192
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
FleQ coordinates flagellum-dependent and -independent motilities in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000.
|
Motility plays an essential role in bacterial fitness and colonization in the plant environment, since it favors nutrient acquisition and avoidance of toxic substances, successful competition with other microorganisms, the ability to locate the preferred hosts, access to optimal sites within them, and dispersal in the environment during the course of transmission. In this work, we have observed that the mutation of the flagellar master regulatory gene, fleQ, alters bacterial surface motility and biosurfactant production, uncovering a new type of motility for Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 on semisolid surfaces. We present evidence that P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 moves over semisolid surfaces by using at least two different types of motility, namely, swarming, which depends on the presence of flagella and syringafactin, a biosurfactant produced by this strain, and a flagellum-independent surface spreading or sliding, which also requires syringafactin. We also show that FleQ activates flagellum synthesis and negatively regulates syringafactin production in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Finally, it was surprising to observe that mutants lacking flagella or syringafactin were as virulent as the wild type, and only the simultaneous loss of both flagella and syringafactin impairs the ability of P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 to colonize tomato host plants and cause disease.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Flagella', 'Locomotion', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Mutation', 'Organelle Biogenesis', 'Plant Diseases', 'Pseudomonas syringae', 'Surface-Active Agents', 'Trans-Activators', 'Virulence']
| 26,296,726
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['A11.284.180.290'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G04.618', 'G16.645'], ['G15.610'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.770', 'B03.660.250.580.590.770'], ['D27.720.877'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Lack of donor organs as an argument for living donors?].
|
In Germany more than 12,000 patients are presently waiting for an organ donation. Living donation makes sense for the long waiting time for a kidney, but it is not a permanent solution for the lack of organ donations. In the future topics which should be discussed are intensified public relations, a better family care and the allocation of rights and duties at the German coordinating agency. For all the prospects of success after a living donation the high standards of quality and security, which are targeted by the German donor organization in recipient protection, responsible evaluation of the expanded donor criteria and immunosuppressive therapy are all in favor of post-mortem organ donation. For all the phenomenal chance of success the priority of the post-mortem organ donation is regulated by law. The living donation remains an individual decision of the donor and the personal situation of life.
|
['Cadaver', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppression', 'Living Donors', 'Patient Selection', 'Safety', 'Tissue Donors', 'Tissue and Organ Procurement', 'Transplantation Immunology', 'Waiting Lists']
| 20,683,566
|
[['C23.550.260.224'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.450', 'E05.478.610'], ['M01.898.656'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['M01.898'], ['N02.421.911'], ['G12.875'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Recent data concerning abnormal hemoglobins (author's transl)].
|
The study of abnormal hemoglobins was oriented towards three criteria as a function of commonly encountered clinical problems : differentiation between frequent, relatively infrequent and exceptional hemoglobins ; systematic study of high-risk ethnic groups and isolated discoveries ; silent hemoglobinopathies and those accompanied by physiopathological repercussions such as hemolytic anemia, disturbance in oxygen transport and cyanosis. The chronology and rationale for these studies was discussed, with particular attention being given both to normalized baseline measures and to the new, high-resolution techniques such as isoelectric focalization. No attempt was made to provide an exhaustive list, but rather examples were provided illustrating the various points considered. Finally, a number of particular points are brought up to where a correctly made diagnosis can avoid the necessity of subjecting patients to long and possibly dangerous tests.
|
['Anemia, Hemolytic', 'Hemoglobin C', 'Hemoglobin E', 'Hemoglobin M', 'Hemoglobinopathies', 'Hemoglobins, Abnormal', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Oxyhemoglobins', 'Risk']
| 7,305,088
|
[['C15.378.071.141'], ['D12.776.124.400.463.338', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426.338'], ['D12.776.124.400.463.375', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426.375'], ['D12.776.124.400.463.510', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426.510'], ['C15.378.420', 'C16.320.365'], ['D12.776.124.400.463', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.124.400.707', 'D12.776.422.316.762.687'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Differential knockdown of delta-opioid receptor subtypes in the rat brain by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeting mRNA.
|
Two antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (A-ODN), targeting delta-opioid receptor mRNA (DOR) and two mismatch ODN sequences (mODN) were continuously infused for 24 days into the lateral brain ventricles of Wistar rats. The density of delta-opioid receptors in rat brain homogenates was measured by saturation binding experiments using four selective ligands, two agonists ([D-Ala2, Glu4]-deltorphin and DPDPE) and two antagonists (Dmt-Tic-OH and naltrindole), and by immunoblotting SDS solubilized receptor protein. In brain membranes of mODN or saline-infused rats, the rank order of delta-opioid receptor density, calculated by Bmax values of the four delta-opioid receptor ligands, was: [D-Ala2, Glu4]deltorphin approximately Dmt-Tic-OH approximately naltrindole (86-118 fmo/mg protein) > DPDPE (73.6+/-6.3 fmol/mg protein). At the end of the 24 day infusion of A-ODN targeting DOR nucleotide sequence 280299 (A-ODN280-299), the Bmax of DPDPE (62.4+/-3.2 fmol/mg protein) was significantly higher than that of Dmt-Tic-OH (31.5+/-3.9 fmol/mg protein). Moreover, both the Kd value for DPDPE saturation binding and the Ki value for Dmt-Tic-OH displacement by DPDPE were halved. In contrast, an A-ODN treatment targeting exon 3 (A-ODN741-760) decreased the specific binding of [D-Ala2, Glu4]deltorphin and Dmt-Tic-OH significantly less (67%-81%) than the binding of DPDPE (53%), without changes in DPDPE Ki and KD values. No A-ODN treatment modified the specific binding of the micro-opioid agonist DAMGO and of the k-selective opioid receptor ligand U69593. On the Western blot of solubilized striatum proteins, A-ODN(280-299) and A-ODN(741-760) downregulated the levels of the DOR protein, whereas the corresponding mODN were inactive. The 24-day infusion of A-ODN(280-299) inhibited the rat locomotor response to [D-Ala2, Glu4]deltorphin but not to DPDPE. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of A-ODN(741-760) reduced the locomotor responses to both delta-opioid receptor agonists, whereas mODN infusion never affected agonist potencies. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that 24-day continuous i.c.v. infusion of A-ODN targeting the nucleotide sequence 280-299 of DOR can differentially knockdown delta1 and delta2 binding sites in the rat brain.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Ligands', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Opioid, delta', 'Thionucleotides']
| 10,355,826
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D13.150.200.640', 'D13.150.480.640', 'D13.444.308.150.640', 'D13.444.600.150.200.640', 'D13.444.600.150.640.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.200.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.200'], ['D02.886.765', 'D13.695.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A two-step enriched-nested PCR technique enhances sensitivity for detection of codon 12 K-ras mutations in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
|
Mutations at codon 12 of the K-ras gene have been detected in pancreatic adenocarcinomas by a variety of techniques. A few of these techniques are very sensitive, identifying the mutations in 96-100% of cases. However, these sensitive techniques are labor intensive, utilizing multistep processing and radioactive material. Much simpler techniques, involving nonradioactive single-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) have been employed to detect K-ras mutations at codon 12 in pancreatic adenocarcinomas. However, the low sensitivity of these single-step PCR/ RFLP techniques is unacceptable. A simple and nonradio-active PCR/RFLP-based method for detection of K-ras codon 12 mutations in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of pancreatic adenocarcinoma is described and compared to the traditional PCR technique. K-ras gene mutations at codon 12 were detected by a modified two-step enrich-nested PCR (EN-PCR)/RFLP method, and their existence was confirmed by direct DNA sequencing analysis of the product. When the two-step EN-PCR/RFLP technique was compared to the single-step PCR/RFLP method, K-ras codon 12 mutations were detected in 100% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas (15/15) with the EN-PCR/RFLP method, while half as many (9/15) were detected with the single-step PCR/RFLP method. This study demonstrates that the sensitivity of the simple two-step EN-PCR/RFLP technique is comparable to that of the more complex methods for detecting K-ras mutations at codon 12 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and its sensitivity is superior to that of the single-step technique.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Codon', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Genes, ras', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Point Mutation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 9,211,488
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Combined kinetic studies and computational analysis on kojic acid analogous as tyrosinase inhibitors.
|
Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanin synthesis and widely distributed in plants and animals tissues. In mammals, this enzyme is related to pigment production, involved in wound healing, primary immune response and it can also contribute to catecholamines synthesis in the brain. Consequently, tyrosinase enzyme represents an attractive and selective target in the field of the medicine, cosmetics and bio-insecticides. In this paper, experimental kinetics and computational analysis were used to study the inhibition of tyrosinase by analogous of Kojic acid. The main interactions occurring between inhibitors-tyrosinase complexes and the influence of divalent cation (Cu2+) in enzymatic inhibition were investigated by using molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulations and electrostatic binding free energy by using the Linear Interaction Energy (LIE) method. The results showed that the electrostatic binding free energy are correlated with values of constant inhibition (r2 = 0.97).Thus, the model obtained here could contribute to future studies of this important system and, therefore, eventually facilitate development of tyrosinase inhibitors.
|
['Catalytic Domain', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Docking Simulation', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Monophenol Monooxygenase', 'Protein Conformation', 'Pyrones']
| 25,004,069
|
[['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.599.595.249', 'L01.224.160.249'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D03.383.663.718']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ganglioside changes induced by tumor promoters in promotable JB6 mouse epidermal cells: antagonism by an antipromoter.
|
Since cell surface gangliosides have been implicated in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation and since tumor-promoting phorbol esters produce a number of membrane changes, the possibility was investigated that ganglioside changes may play a role in promotion of transformation in JB6 mouse epidermal cells. The studies showed that tumor-promoting but not non-promoting phorbol esters produced decreased precursor incorporation into disialoganglioside GD1b and an unknown ganglioside, Gx. These ganglioside responses to promoters were antagonized by the antipromoter retinoic acid, thus suggesting that alterations in ganglioside levels may be involved in promotion of transformation.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Epidermis', 'Gangliosides', 'Mice', 'Phorbols', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Time Factors', 'Tretinoin']
| 6,950,175
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.475', 'D10.390.470.025.475', 'D10.570.877.360.025.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D02.455.849.291.500'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer with external beam radiation, surgical resection, and intraoperative radiation therapy.
|
To try to improve the local control and survival of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer we have used a combination of high-dose pre-operative radiation therapy to 5,040 cGy followed by surgical resection and intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy (IORT) when there was visible or palpable residual disease, microscopically positive surgical margins, or persisting tumor adherence. A total of 75 patients were taken to surgery for resection +/- IORT who did not have distant metastases. Of the 49 patients with primary tumors, 11 did not have IORT as the tumor was thought to be completely resected. Of these 11, there were two local recurrences and a 3-year survival of 71%. Thirty-six patients with primary tumors had resection (20 complete, 16 partial) plus IORT, with a 3-year survival of 58% and three local failures. Twenty-six additional patients were treated for locally advanced recurrence of whom four could not receive IORT because of pelvic size or the extent of tumor. Of the 22 who received IORT, 7/9 with complete resection, 2/8 with partial resection, and 1/5 with no resection had local control with an overall 3-year actuarial survival of 32%. The local control and survival results in the primary tumors appear favorable compared to other series in the literature and suggest benefit to the use of IORT. For patients treated for local recurrence, local control and long-term survival can be obtained, but the results are not as encouraging as for the primary tumors.
|
['Combined Modality Therapy', 'Humans', 'Intraoperative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Radiotherapy, High-Energy', 'Rectal Neoplasms']
| 2,498,239
|
[['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.731.400', 'E04.604.249', 'N02.421.585.722.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.815.722'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Predicting adverse outcome with exercise SPECT technetium-99m sestamibi imaging in patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease.
|
The goal of this study was to determine the ability of exercise single-photon emission computed tomographic (SPECT) technetium-99m (Tc-99m) sestamibi imaging to predict adverse events in a population with a comparable distribution of men (n = 114) and women (n = 115). Consecutive patients referred for evaluation of chest pain syndrome, known coronary artery disease, or residual ischemia after acute myocardial infarction underwent imaging using a single-headed SPECT camera. Clinical readings were reviewed and scored by independent observers as normal or abnormal. Follow-up, defined as time from scanning until an event, late revascularization, or patient response averaged 19.2 +/- 5.2 months and was 90% complete (229 of 255 patients). Cardiac death and nonfatal infarction were corroborated by chart review or physician contact. Patients were excluded from analysis if a revascularization procedure was performed within 1 month of imaging. There were 172 patients with normal scans (67%) and 83 with abnormal scans (33%). Of the patients in whom followup was obtained, 2 of 155 with normal scans (0.8%/year) and 6 of 74 with abnormal scans (5.4%/year) had cardiac events. Statistical analysis using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves suggests a significant difference in event-free survival between normal and abnormal scans. Patients with abnormal scans portended a worse outcome (chi-square = 8.04, p <0.005). Thus, exercise SPECT Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy is useful for prognostication in a mixed population of patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease in which women comprised 50% of the patient cohort.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Coronary Disease', 'Death', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon']
| 9,036,743
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['C23.550.260'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D02.626.872', 'D02.691.825.937'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A Global lmmunological Observatory to meet a time of pandemics.
|
SARS-CoV-2 presents an unprecedented international challenge, but it will not be the last such threat. Here, we argue that the world needs to be much better prepared to rapidly detect, define and defeat future pandemics. We propose that a Global Immunological Observatory and associated developments in systems immunology, therapeutics and vaccine design should be at the heart of this enterprise.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'COVID-19', 'Climate Change', 'Cohort Studies', 'Communicable Disease Control', 'Communicable Diseases, Emerging', 'Coronavirus Infections', 'Disaster Planning', 'Drug Development', 'Forecasting', 'Global Health', 'Humans', 'Interdisciplinary Communication', 'International Cooperation', 'Mass Screening', 'Models, Animal', 'Pandemics', 'Pneumonia, Viral', 'Population Surveillance', 'Serologic Tests', 'Vaccines', 'Weather', 'Zoonoses']
| 32,510,329
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['C01.748.214', 'C01.748.610.763.500', 'C01.925.705.500', 'C01.925.782.600.550.200.163', 'C08.381.677.807.500', 'C08.730.214', 'C08.730.610.763.500'], ['G16.500.175.374'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N06.850.780.200'], ['C01.221.500', 'C23.550.291.531.750'], ['C01.925.782.600.550.200'], ['N06.230.100.035'], ['E05.290', 'H01.158.703.007.338', 'H01.181.466.338'], ['I01.320'], ['H02.403.371', 'N01.400.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205.249', 'L01.143.865.500'], ['I01.615.500'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['E05.598'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['C01.748.610.763', 'C01.925.705', 'C08.381.677.807', 'C08.730.610.763'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760'], ['D20.215.894'], ['G16.500.275.063.725', 'G16.500.750.775', 'N06.230.300.100.725'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Morphometric, molecular and ecological analyses of the parasites of the sharpsnout seabream Diplodus puntazzo Cetti (Sparidae) from the Spanish Mediterranean: implications for aquaculture.
|
One of the fish species with the highest potential for aquaculture is the sharpsnout seabream, Diplodus puntazzo Cetti. Among other aspects, the development of new fish cultures requires studies of potential pathogens that may compromise survival of the fish in captivity. Moreover, both cultured and wild fish can act as sources or reservoirs of pathogens which may negatively affect other well-established cultures. We have studied the parasite fauna of the wild sharpsnout seabream, and monitored the survival of the parasites in culture conditions. The sharpsnout seabream was sampled from two different Spanish localities and examined for parasites. Additionally, 20 fish were maintained in captivity. Ten of them were examined for parasites after a period of 10 days and a further ten fish after another 10 days. All fish were parasitized with at least four species, with 19 parasite species being identified, seven of which were recorded for the first time in the sharpsnout seabream. These included Microcotyle sp., Magnibursatus bartolii, Steringotrema pagelli, Galactosomum sp., Cardiocephaloides longicollis, Caligus ligusticus and Gnathia vorax. We also report the first records of two parasite species in the wild sharpsnout seabream, the polyopisthocotylean monogeneans Atrispinum seminalis and Sparicotyle chrysophrii. Previously, these parasites had only been recorded in farmed sharpsnout seabream. Most parasites in the skin, gills and alimentary tract disappeared under the conditions of captivity, with the exception of the monogeneans of the genus Lamellodiscus. The information provided about the sharpsnout seabream parasite fauna will be useful to prevent possible problems in fish farms due to some parasite species. Many parasites of the sharpsnout seabream recorded in the present study are shared by the main fish species in Mediterranean aquaculture, the gilthead seabream, thus suggesting the possibility of cross-infections.
|
['Animals', 'Aquaculture', 'Fish Diseases', 'Mediterranean Region', 'Parasites', 'Sea Bream', 'Spain', 'Trematoda']
| 24,299,967
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.040.168'], ['C22.362'], ['Z01.542.580'], ['B01.050.500.714'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602.750'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Six weeks of home enteral nutrition versus standard care after esophagectomy or total gastrectomy for cancer: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Each year approximately 3000 patients in the United Kingdom undergo surgery for esophagogastric cancer. Jejunostomy feeding tubes, placed at the time of surgery for early postoperative nutrition, have been shown to have a positive impact on clinical outcomes in the short term. Whether feeding out of hospital is of benefit is unknown. Local experience has identified that between 15 and 20% of patients required 'rescue' jejunostomy feeding for nutritional problems and weight loss while at home. This weight loss and poor nutrition may contribute to the detrimental effect on the overall quality of life (QoL) reported in these patients.METHODS/DESIGN: This randomized pilot and feasibility study will provide preliminary information on the routine use of jejunostomy feeding after hospital discharge in terms of clinical benefits and QoL. Sixty participants undergoing esophagectomy or total gastrectomy will be randomized to receive either a planned program of six weeks of home jejunostomy feeding after discharge from hospital (intervention) or treatment-as-usual (control). The intention of this study is to inform a multi-centre randomized controlled trial. The primary outcome measures will be recruitment and retention rates at six weeks and six months. Secondary outcome measures will include disease specific and general QoL measures, nutritional parameters, total and oral nutritional intake, hospital readmission rates, and estimates of healthcare costs. Up to 20 participants will also be enrolled in a qualitative sub-study that will explore participants' and carers' experiences of home tube feeding.The results will be disseminated by presentation at surgical, gastroenterological and dietetic meetings and publication in appropriate peer review journals. A patient-friendly lay summary will be made available on the University of Leicester and the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust websites. The study has full ethical and institutional approval and started recruitment in July 2012.TRIAL REGISTRATION: UKClinical Research Network ID #12447 (Main study); UKCRN ID#13361 (Qualitative sub study); ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01870817 (First registered 28 May 2013).
|
['Clinical Protocols', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'England', 'Enteral Nutrition', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Esophagectomy', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Gastrectomy', 'Health Care Costs', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Jejunostomy', 'Nutritional Status', 'Patient Readmission', 'Pilot Projects', 'Quality of Life', 'Research Design', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,885,032
|
[['E02.183', 'N05.715.360.330.125'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E04.210.346'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E04.210.419'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.210.338.523', 'E04.579.338.523'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Treatment of patients with severe burn injuries: the impact of schizophrenia.
|
Four patients treated in one ward of a psychiatric clinic were admitted to our burn unit within 2 months due to severe burn injuries. The patients showed signs of a self-mutilation epidemic. All four patients were female and the mean age was 28 years. The psychiatric diagnosis was schizophrenia in all patients (ICD 10: F20.9). The ignition of flammable liquid was the most common method and the mean burned TBSA was 33%. The mean severity score (ABSI) was 8 and the median hospital stay was 50 days. All patients were characterised by a prolonged hospital stay in comparison to patients without additional psychiatric pathology (median 31 days). This prolonged stay was based on a delayed wound healing, more operations, extended time for mobilisation and difficulties in co-operation. It is possible that in patients with schizophrenia, changes in nutrition, activity, sleep and drug use could influence their immune system profoundly. Anxiety and depression is also associated with the impairment of cellular and humoural immunity. Poor sleep reduces the production of an anabolic endocrine environment and sleep disturbances can interfere with macrophage and lymphocyte functions. Poor appetite leads to malnutrition, which is also capable of producing delayed wound healing. On the other hand, apathy and a general lack of motivation interfere with therapeutic strategies, because poor appetite and weight loss often occurs after neuroleptic withdrawal, which is correlated with clinical decompensation. Moreover, this "self-destructive" behaviour, which is acting on the immune system, might make a patient more susceptible to infection. All these aspects and side effects of schizophrenia combine to make the treatment of burned patients with schizophrenia a very special and difficult task.
|
['Adult', 'Burns', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Imitative Behavior', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Self-Injurious Behavior', 'Social Environment', 'Wound Healing']
| 12,543,045
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.510'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['F01.145.126.980'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sorptive removal of odorous carbonyl gases by water.
|
In this study, the removal capacity of deionized water was investigated against five gaseous carbonyl compounds (i.e., acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, valeraldehyde, and isovaleraldehyde) by means of the gas stripping method. To determine the trapping behavior of these odorants by water, gaseous working standards prepared at three different concentration levels (i.e., for acetaldehyde around 300, 500, and 1,000 ppb) were forced through pure water contained in an impinger at room temperature. The removal efficiency of the target compounds was inspected in terms of two major variables: (1) concentration levels of gaseous standard and (2) impinger water volume (20, 50, 100, and 150 mL). Although the extent of removal was affected fairly sensitively by changes in water volume, this was not the case for standard concentration level changes. Considering the efficiency of sorption media, gas stripping with aqueous solution can be employed as an effective tool for the removal of carbonyl odorants.
|
['Absorption', 'Aldehydes', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Gases', 'Odorants', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Volatile Organic Compounds', 'Water']
| 20,364,239
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['D02.047'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D01.362'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['D02.974'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Lens thickness in western Nigeria. A comparative ultrasonic study in Negros and Danes.
|
A comparative ultrasonic, oculometric study was performed in negroes, West Nigeria (151 persons) and in caucasians, Denmark (88 persons). The negros have thinner lenses than caucasians, and overall ethnic difference of 0.12 mm was found. Male negroes have longer vitreous and axial lengths than male caucasians (VB 0.56 mm, AxL 0.30 mm).
|
['Adult', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Aged', 'Denmark', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Eye', 'Humans', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nigeria', 'Ultrasonics']
| 4,036,555
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.060.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['H01.671.031.849']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Laparoscopic bariatric surgery for morbid obesity: the first hundred cases in an Irish centre.
|
INTRODUCTION: This study evaluated outcomes for the first 100 bariatric surgical procedures in a single, publicly funded Irish centre.METHODS: This was a retrospective, chart-based study. Demographics and comorbidities of patients, peri- and post-operative outcomes and health benefits obtained by surgery were assessed.RESULTS: In total, 87 patients underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass procedures, 11 underwent sleeve gastrectomies and 2 underwent duodenal switch. The first 13 operations were done as open procedures. Of the remaining 87 cases, 85 were started laparoscopically. Postoperatively, 2 laparotomies were performed for bleeding and 2 patients developed incarcerated incisional hernias that required repair. The 30-day readmission rate was 6% of which 2 patients required emergency surgery. There was one postoperative mortality from cardio-respiratory failure.CONCLUSIONS: This series audits the introduction of a publicly funded bariatric service in Ireland and reports a high percentage of procedures completed laparoscopically with an acceptable morbidity and mortality.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y', 'Female', 'Gastric Bypass', 'Gastroplasty', 'Humans', 'Ireland', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Postoperative Period', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Weight Loss', 'Young Adult']
| 19,714,393
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.035.070', 'E04.210.070'], ['E02.650.500.062.249', 'E04.035.398.385', 'E04.062.249', 'E04.210.457.430'], ['E02.650.500.062.750', 'E04.062.750', 'E04.210.485'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.467', 'Z01.639.587'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mutation sharing, predominant involvement of the MLH1 gene and description of four novel mutations in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. Mutations in brief no. 144. Online.
|
Worldwide, the DNA mismatch repair genes MSH2 and MLH1 account for a major share and almost equal proportions of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Furthermore, the predisposing mutation usually varies from kindred to kindred. In this study, we screen 29 verified or putative HNPCC kindreds from Finland for mutations in these two genes and found 8 different mutations, 7 in MLH1 and 1 in MSH2, occurring in 13 families. Four of these mutations were novel. Altogether, we have to date studied 81 kindreds for mutations and 12 different mutations in 52 families have been identified, 10 in MLH1 and 2 in MSH2. These data show that Finnish HNPCC kindreds are characterized by the predominant involvement of MLH1 (49/52, 94% of the families) and a high rate of shared mutations (5/12, 42%) offering unique possibilities for mutation screening for both research and diagnostic purposes.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Base Pair Mismatch', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'MutL Protein Homolog 1', 'MutS Homolog 2 Protein', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins']
| 10,200,055
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G05.365.590.060'], ['D12.776.157'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.190', 'C04.700.250', 'C06.301.371.411.307.190', 'C06.405.249.411.307.190', 'C06.405.469.158.356.190', 'C06.405.469.491.307.190', 'C16.320.700.250', 'C18.452.284.255'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.074.766.500', 'D08.811.277.040.025.215.500', 'D12.776.260.540.500'], ['D08.811.074.844.750', 'D08.811.277.040.025.292.750', 'D12.776.260.556.750', 'D12.776.624.664.700.130'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.624.664.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Management of malignant melanoma: a retrospective analysis of 182 patients.
|
The records of 182 patients, referred to the Regional Radiotherapy Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne between January 1975 and December 1980, have been reviewed to evaluate the results of different modes of treatment. Fifty-two patients were managed for Stage 1, 83 for Stage 2 and 47 for Stage 3 disease. Fifty-seven patients with 95 sites of disease were given chemotherapy. The overall response rate was 35% (complete response (CR) 14%, partial response (PR) 21%) (median duration of remission = 4 months). Sixty-three patients with 74 sites of disease were treated by radiotherapy. The overall response rate was 73% (CR 47%, PR 26%) (median duration of remission = 7 months). In Stage 2 disease, no significant difference in the disease-free or overall survival was found between four different treatment groups. In disseminated disease, chemotherapy had little impact on the survival of patients with visceral metastases, while those with skin and lymph node metastases had significantly better survival. Radiotherapy was tolerated better and had lower morbidity than chemotherapy. The role of both modes in the management of advanced disease is discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Bleomycin', 'Dacarbazine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lomustine', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 6,199,154
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D09.400.420.110', 'D12.644.233.110'], ['D02.925.200', 'D03.383.129.308.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.950.594.440', 'D02.654.692.440'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with mural nodules: a case report and literature review.
|
A primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (PRMC) is an extremely rare lesion. To date, only 49 cases have been reported. The presence of mural nodules in a PRMC may indicate a worse prognosis. We report the case of a 40-year-old Japanese woman with a PRMC with mural nodules. Microscopic examination revealed that the stromal cells of the nodules were spindle-shaped and varied in size. The nodules were immunoreactive for vimentin but negative for cytokeratin and EMA, and the nuclei of the stromal cells were pleomorphic and strongly Ki-67 immunoreactive. The nodules were diagnosed as true sarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is 11th published case report of a PRMC with mural nodules.
|
['Adult', 'Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratins', 'Prognosis', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms', 'Sarcoma', 'Vimentin']
| 21,927,830
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.480.225', 'C04.557.470.590.480.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.033.731'], ['C04.557.450.795'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Trochanteric fragility fractures : Treatment using the cement-augmented proximal femoral nail antirotation.
|
OBJECTIVE: Use of standardized cement augmentation of the proximal femur nail antirotation (PFNA) for the treatment of trochanteric fragility fractures, which are associated with high morbidity and mortality, to achieve safer conditions for immediate full weight-bearing and mobilization, thus, improving preservation of function and independency of orthogeriatric patients.INDICATIONS: Trochanteric fragility fractures (type 31-A1-3).CONTRAINDICATIONS: Ipsilateral arthritis of the hip, leakage of contrast agent into the hip joint, femoral neck fractures.SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: Reduction of the fracture on a fracture table if possible, or minimally invasive open reduction of the proximal femur, i. e., using collinear forceps if necessary. Positioning of guidewires for adjustment of the PFNA and the spiral blade, respectively. Exclusion of leakage of contrast agent and subsequent injection of TRAUMACEM™ V(+) into the femoral head-neck fragment via a trauma needle kit introduced into the spiral blade. Dynamic or static locking of the PFNA at the diaphyseal level.POSTOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT: Immediate mobilization of the patients with full weight-bearing and secondary prevention, such as osteoporosis management is necessary to avoid further fractures in the treatment of these patients.RESULTS: A total of 110 patients older than 65 years underwent the procedure. Of the 72 patients available for follow-up (average age 85.3 years), all fractures healed after an average of 15.3 months. No complications related with cement augmentation were observed. Approximately 60 % of patients achieved the mobility level prior to trauma.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Cements', 'Bone Nails', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Osteoporotic Fractures', 'Polymethyl Methacrylate', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,245,659
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D05.750.716.822.300', 'D25.720.716.822.300', 'D27.720.102.158', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.300'], ['E07.695.370.249', 'E07.858.442.660.460.249', 'E07.858.690.725.460.249'], ['E02.186'], ['E04.555.300.300.300'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.404.545'], ['D02.241.081.069.800.550.500', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.605.500', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.605.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.605.500'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E04.680'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants on autonomic nervous system activity--assessment by heart rate variability analysis].
|
We investigated the effect of d-tubocurarine (d-Tc), pancuronium (PAN), vecuronium (VEC), and rocuronium (ROC) on the autonomic nervous system in cats by measuring changes in the invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and heart rate variability following four administrations of each drug at 2.ED95. Heart rate variability analysis was used to assess the effects of the drugs on sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system function using low-frequency (0.04-0.22 Hz) component (LF) and high-frequency (0.22-0.60 Hz) component (HF). Comparisons of the HR, MAP, LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio before and after drug administration were made for each drug. The administration of d-Tc caused a significant decrease in MAP and a significant increase in HR accompanied by increase in LF, HF, and LF/HF ratio. The increases in the LF, HF and LF/HF ratio appeared to be related to the mean abrupt enhancement of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system function caused by changes in circulatory dynamics. PAN caused a significant increase in HR, and a significant decrease in the HF, which we thought were related to suppression of cardiac parasympathetic function. Neither VEC nor ROC produced a significant change in any of the parameters and were considered to have no significant effect on the autonomic nervous system.
|
['Animals', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cats', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents', 'Pancuronium', 'Tubocurarine']
| 10,658,407
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.800.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D27.505.696.663.700.710.575'], ['D04.210.500.054.040.685'], ['D02.092.877.922', 'D02.675.276.922', 'D03.132.098.916', 'D03.633.100.531.085.944', 'D03.633.100.531.820.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Pleomorphic carcinoma of the pancreas--report of 3 cases].
|
The incidence of pleomorphic carcinoma of the pancreas is low. In 34 cases of non-endocrinic cancer of the pancreas detected pathologically by operation and autopsy in our hospital from 1961 to 1984, 3 were pleomorphic carcinoma, comprising 8.8%. In histology, the tumor was clearly characterized by the bizarre uninuclear and multinuclear giant cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and malignant spindle cells. In these 3 cases, the tumor was originated from the acinic epithelium in 2 and from the ductal epithelium in 1. This tumor should be differentiated from pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma and lymphosarcoma, etc.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinoma', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms']
| 3,743,349
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Electrophysiological differences of the spontaneous onset of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation.
|
BACKGROUND: Information about the spatiotemporal organization of atrial activity at the onset of atrial fibrillation (AF) is still limited.METHODS: AF mapping was performed in 30 patients with AF (mean age 53 +/- 9 years, 26 males) by deploying a noncontact mapping balloon in the left atrium (LA). Twenty-four patients had paroxysmal AF and six patients had persistent AF. Three types of AF episodes were analyzed: nonsustained AF (lasting <or= 30 seconds), sustained AF (lasting > 30 seconds, with spontaneous conversion or requiring internal cardioversion and subsequent stable sinus rhythm), and persistent AF episodes (stable sinus rhythm lasting <or= 1 minute after cardioversion).RESULTS: A total of 101 spontaneous AF onset episodes were analyzed. Analysis of AF onset showed that there was a progressive shortening of the initial cycle lengths from nonsustained episodes to sustained episodes and to persistent AF episodes. There was an earlier and more rapid reduction in the cycle lengths from persistent episodes to sustained episodes and to nonsustained episodes of AF (P < 0.05 for persistent vs sustained and for sustained vs nonsustained episodes). The development of multiwavelet activity and disorganization of conduction occurred earlier in persistent and sustained episodes than in nonsustained AF episodes. LA size was greater in patients with persistent AF episodes compared with patients with sustained or nonsustained AF episodes.CONCLUSIONS: Electrophysiological events that develop at the onset of AF seem to be different in different types of AF. A more rapid degeneration into the fibrillatory activity was observed in persistent and sustained AF than in nonsustained AF episodes.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Atrial Fibrillation', 'Chronic Disease', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 17,367,348
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.067.198', 'C23.550.073.198'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541.409'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Crohn's disease and lichen nitidus: a case report and comparison of common histopathologic features.
|
We describe a 54-year-old black woman with Crohn's disease, who developed lichen nitidus, the third report of a patient with both diseases. The rarity of these diseases individually and the histopathologic features in common imply that the two diseases are linked. Multinucleated giant cells, a common finding in the lesions of Crohn's disease, are less common in the lesions of lichen nitidus. The presence of multinucleated giant cells in lichen nitidus in all three case reports is distinctly unusual. The infiltrates of Crohn's disease and lichen nitidus contain CD-68-positive macrophages. As such, the subset of lichen nitidus with giant cells should be recognized as a cutaneous manifestation of Crohn's disease.
|
['Back', 'Comorbidity', 'Crohn Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Giant Cells', 'Humans', 'Lichen Nitidus', 'Middle Aged']
| 11,720,321
|
[['A01.923.176'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['E01.171'], ['A11.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.800.859.475.545'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Metabolic equivalent of exercise stress test explained by six-minute walk test in post coronary artery bypass graft and post percutaneous coronary intervention patients.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship among metabolic equivalents of an exercise stress test (METs of EST), demographic parameters (age, body weight, height, BMI), peak oxygen consumption (VO(2) peak), and six-minute walk distances (6MWD) determined from a six-minute walk test (6MWT).MATERIAL AND METHOD: Exercise capacity was estimated by a 6MWT and EST at the sixth week post operation in post coronary artery bypass graft (post CABG n = 17) and post percutaneous coronary intervention (post PCI, n = 13)patients.RESULTS: METs of EST showed: high correlation (p<O.01) with VO(2) peak of 6MWT (r = 0.94), 6MWD (r = 0.92); muscle strength (r = 0.78), moderate correlation (p<0.01) with height (r = 0.53); negative correlation with age (r = -0.50). Low correlation was found (p<O. 05) with step length (r = 0.43), and weight (r = 0.38). No correlation was found among METs of EST and rating perceived exertion (RPE) of EST and 6MWT. The multiple linear regression equation for explaining METs of EST is as follows: METs of EST = -2.94+0.02 (6MWD), (r = 0.923, R2 = 0.85, p<0.001).CONCLUSION: The 6MWT may possibly be used as an alternative choice for estimating energy expenditure to design exercise programs for these post operation groups.
|
['Body Weights and Measures', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Exercise Test', 'Humans', 'Metabolic Equivalent', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Walking']
| 25,141,519
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100', 'E05.041.124', 'G07.100.100'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.600.337', 'G03.680.365'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.680'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Quality indicators for out-of-hospital emergency medical services: the paramedics' perspective.
|
OBJECTIVE: Out-of-hospital emergency medical services (EMS) need relevant and measurable indicators of quality. Those front-line workers who provide service directly to the customer are integral to the process of defining quality. The authors' objective was to obtain from paramedics, the front-line workers in the EMS system, their perspective on quality of care.METHODS: During regularly scheduled education sessions, 102 of the 140 field paramedics from a large municipal EMS system attended a presentation on total quality management. The paramedics were then assigned to focus groups and asked to identify quality indicators and provide recommendations for how they should be measured.RESULTS: Eighteen different quality indicators were identified. In addition, the paramedics suggested 17 ways to measure these proposed quality indicators.CONCLUSIONS: From the perspective of the study participants, indicators of the quality of out-of-hospital care differ from many used in traditional EMS quality assurance programs. Future studies should investigate the applicability of these indicators to the total quality management of EMS systems.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Medical Technicians', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Pennsylvania', 'Quality Indicators, Health Care', 'Total Quality Management', 'Urban Health']
| 9,709,316
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['N02.421.297'], ['M01.526.373.250', 'M01.526.485.067.150', 'N02.360.067.150'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['N04.761.789', 'N05.715.760'], ['N04.452.955', 'N04.761.700.675', 'N05.700.792'], ['N01.400.548.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Implantation reduces the negative effects of bio-logging devices on birds.
|
Animal-borne logging or telemetry devices are widely used for measurements of physiological and movement data from free-living animals. For such measurements to be relevant, however, it is essential that the devices themselves do not affect the data of interest. A recent meta-analysis reported an overall negative effect of these devices on the birds that bear them, i.e. on nesting productivity, clutch size, nest initiation date, offspring quality, body condition, flying ability, foraging behaviours, energy expenditure and survival rate. Method of attachment (harness, collar, glue, anchor, implant, breast-mounted or tailmount) had no influence on the strength of these effects but anchored and implanted transmitters had the highest reported rates of device-induced mortality. Furthermore, external devices, but not internal devices, caused an increase in 'device-induced behaviour' (comfort behaviours such as preening, fluffing and stretching, and unrest activities including unquantifiable 'active' behaviours). These findings suggest that, with the exception of device-induced behaviour, external attachment is preferable to implantation. In the present study we undertake a meta-analysis of 183 estimates of device impact from 39 studies of 36 species of bird designed to explicitly compare the effects of externally attached and surgically implanted devices on a range of traits, including condition, energy expenditure and reproduction. In contrast to a previous study, we demonstrate that externally attached devices have a consistent detrimental effect (i.e. negative influences on body condition, reproduction, metabolism and survival), whereas implanted devices have no consistent effect. We also show that the magnitude of the negative effect of externally attached devices decreases with time. We therefore conclude that device implantation is preferable to external attachment, providing that the risk of mortality associated with the anaesthesia and surgery required for implantation can be mitigated. We recommend that studies employing external devices use devices that can be borne for long periods, and, wherever possible, deploy devices in advance of the time period of interest.
|
['Animals', 'Birds', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Sample Size', 'Telemetry']
| 23,125,345
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E07.695'], ['E05.318.370.762', 'E05.581.500.902', 'N05.715.360.325.692', 'N06.850.520.445.762'], ['E01.370.520.750', 'E05.925', 'L01.178.847.675']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Differences in genetic population structures of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from patients along Thai-Myanmar border with severe or uncomplicated malaria.
|
BACKGROUND: There have been many reports on the population genetic structures of Plasmodium falciparum from different endemic regions, but few studies have examined the characteristics of isolates from patients with different clinical outcomes. The population genetic structures of P. falciparum isolates from patients with either severe or uncomplicated malaria were examined.METHODS: Twelve microsatellite DNA loci from P. falciparum were used to assess the population genetic structures of 50 isolates (i.e., 25 isolates from patients with severe malaria and 25 from patients with uncomplicated malaria) collected in the Thai-Myanmar border area between 2002 and 2005.RESULTS: Genetic diversity and effective population sizes were greater in the uncomplicated malaria group than in the severe malaria group. Evidence of genetic bottlenecks was not observed in either group. Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed in the uncomplicated malaria group. The groups demonstrated significant genetic differentiation (P < 0.05), and allele frequencies for 3 of the 12 microsatellite loci differed significantly between the two groups.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the genetic structure of P. falciparum populations in patients with severe malaria differs from that in patients with uncomplicated malaria. The microsatellite loci used in this study were presumably unrelated to antigenic features of the parasites, but, these findings suggest that some loci may influence the clinical outcome of malaria.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'DNA, Protozoan', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Male', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Middle Aged', 'Myanmar', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Thailand']
| 18,937,873
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D13.444.308.442'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.145.570'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['Z01.252.145.841']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Importance of non-genetic mechanisms in carcinogenicity.
|
Integration of all this data suggests that the tumors reported by Hiraga and Fujii are related to the cytotoxicity induced in bladder epithelial tissue when primary metabolic pathways are overloaded by administration of high doses of SOPP . However, this appears to be a SECONDARY consequence of toxicity, rather than any PRIMARY effect upon DNA. Consequently, it appears that there is little chance for inducing bladder tumors with OPP or SOPP unless exposure levels are high enough to saturate primary metabolic pathways.
|
['Animals', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'DNA', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Methylation', 'Neoplasms', 'Oncogenes', 'Oxygen', 'Rats', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms']
| 6,677,453
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['C04'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
"Bow-tie" mitral valve repair: an adjuvant technique for ischemic mitral regurgitation.
|
BACKGROUND: Current techniques of mitral valve repair rely on decreasing valve area to increase leaflet apposition, but fail to address subvalvular dysfunction. A novel repair has been introduced with partial left ventriculectomy, which apposes the anterior leaflet to a corresponding point on the posterior leaflet creating a double-orifice valve, with reported adequate control of mitral regurgitation.METHODS: We started to use the "bow-tie" repair as an adjunct to posterior ring annuloplasty in cases in which mitral regurgitation was not adequately controlled by decreasing mitral valve area (n = 6), or when placement of an annuloplasty ring was impractical (n = 4). Mean follow-up was 336 days (range, 82 to 551 days) with no postoperative deaths.RESULTS: Mitral regurgitation decreased from 3.6+/-0.5 to 0.8+/-0.4 (p < 0.0001), with a concomitant increase in ejection fraction from 33%+/-13% to 45%+/-11% (p = 0.0156) before hospital discharge. Mitral valve area, measured by pressure half-time, decreased from a mean of 2.5+/-0.3 to 2.1+/-0.3 cm2, with a mean transvalvular gradient of 4.5+/-2.0 mm Hg. In patients whose mitral valve was repaired using the bow-tie alone, mitral regurgitation was reduced from 4+, to a trace to 1+. Postoperatively, mitral valve area increased from 1.9 to 2.5 cm2 during exercise, further supporting the concept that this technique preserves mitral valve annular function.CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that the bow-tie repair may offer advantages over conventional techniques of mitral valve repair and should be considered as an adjunct, especially in patients with impaired left ventricular function.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Angina Pectoris', 'Female', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Mitral Valve', 'Mitral Valve Insufficiency', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 9,875,764
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.647.187', 'C14.907.585.187', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.541.510.507'], ['C14.280.484.461'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dual-Channel Surface Plasmon Resonance for Quantification of ApoE Gene and Genotype Discrimination in Unamplified Genomic DNA Extracts.
|
Identification of gene variation is of great importance for attaining information related to disease susceptibility. A highly sensitive and specific surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method for quantification of the apoE gene and genotype discrimination was demonstrated. The complementary sequences with the specific recognition sites of GCGC bases upon hybridization to the preimmobilized biotinylated probes could be cleaved by the restriction enzyme HhaI, while the existence of the single-base mismatch (GTGC) prevented the cleavage reaction. In both cases, the incorporation of streptavidin increased the sensitivity of the SPR assay, and the detection levels of 10 fM and 50 fM for the complementary and single-base mismatched sequences were attained, respectively. The sensing protocol is simple, label-free, and quantitative, thus avoiding the complicated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification procedures. The proposed method serves as a viable means for facile and sensitive analyses of apoE genes in four unamplified genomic DNA extracts.
|
['Alleles', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Base Pair Mismatch', 'DNA', 'DNA Probes', 'Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific', 'Genotyping Techniques', 'Humans', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Proof of Concept Study', 'Surface Plasmon Resonance']
| 30,350,593
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['G05.365.590.060'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.600.223', 'D27.505.259.750.600.223', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223'], ['D08.811.150.280.260', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300.260', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300.260'], ['E05.393.442'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['H01.770.644.578'], ['E05.196.890', 'E05.601.043.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functional connections in the human temporal lobe. I. Analysis of limbic system pathways using neuronal responses evoked by electrical stimulation.
|
Connections in the human mesial temporal lobe were investigated using brief, single pulses of electrical stimulation to evoke field potential responses in limbic structures of 74 epileptic patients. Eight specific areas within these structures were stereotactically targeted for study, including amygdala, entorhinal cortex, presubiculum, the anterior, middle and posterior levels of hippocampus and the middle and posterior levels of parahippocampal gyrus. These sites were studied systematically in order to quantitatively assess the response characteristics and reliability of responses evoked during stimulation of pathways connecting the areas. Specific measures included response probability, amplitude, latency and conduction velocities. The results are assumed to be representative of typical human limbic pathways since all recordings were made interictally and response probabilities across sites were not found to differ significantly between non-epileptogenic vs. identified epileptogenic regions. Field potentials ranging in amplitude from less than 0.1 to greater than 6.0 mV were evoked ipsilaterally, with mean onset latencies and conduction velocities ranging from 4.4 ms and 3.64 m/s in the perforant pathway connecting entorhinal cortex to anterior hippocampus to 24.8 ms and 0.88 m/s in the pathway connecting the amygdala and middle hippocampus. Stimulation of presubiculum and entorhinal cortex were most effective in evoking widespread responses in adjacent limbic recording sites, whereas posterior parahippocampal gyrus appeared functionally separated from other limbic sites since its probability of influencing ipsilateral sites was significantly lower than any other area. It was particularly noteworthy that stimulation did not evoke responses in any sites in contralateral hippocampal formation; even though a large number of sites were tested with bilateral implantation of homotopic electrodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Action Potentials', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Amygdala', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Limbic System', 'Male', 'Neural Conduction', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neurons', 'Pyramidal Tracts', 'Temporal Lobe']
| 2,286,232
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.180'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['A08.612'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.854.300', 'A08.612.380.730'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Anti TNF-á (infliximab) treatment for intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) resistance patients with acute Kawasaki disease the effects of anticytokine therapy].
|
Among the patients with acute Kawasaki disease treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), 10-20 % demonstrate resistance or incomplete effects. Cardiac complication such as the coronary arterial aneurysm is frequent in these patients. For patients with IVIG-resistance, we have surveyed the efficacy and safety of anti-cytokine therapy with use of infliximab (Remicade), chimera type anti TNF-á agent, for children. After May, 2005, Remicade has been used in >500 pediatric patients in whom IVIG and intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy did not show significant effects. The efficacy and safety of Remicade on patients with IVIG-resistant Kawasaki disease has been observed but 10~20 % of patients was Remicade-resistant. Re-treatment with IVIG or steroids was also effective. The efficacy of Remicade for reducing the fever duration, CRP, WBC counts was promising, but reduction of the incidence of coronary aneurysm was not confirmed. Randomized clinical trial will be needed.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Drug Resistance', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins, Intravenous', 'Infliximab', 'Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 25,518,416
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.536', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.632', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.632', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.632'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.608', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.537', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.642'], ['C14.907.940.560', 'C15.604.560', 'C17.800.862.560'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Case report: Abomasal involvement in bovine diaphragmatic hernia and surgical management.
|
Two rare cases of internal herenia in bovines (Bubalus bubalis), in which reticulum and abomasum had herniated into the thoracic cavity, were successfully treated. Involvement of abomasum did not exhibit any additional symptoms other than those commonly observed in cases where only reticulum is herniated. The term diaphragmatic hernia has been considered appropriate for this condition by the present authors.
|
['Abomasum', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Female', 'Hernia, Diaphragmatic', 'Pregnancy']
| 761,155
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Staphylococcus aureus modulates the activity of acetyl-Coenzyme A synthetase (Acs) by sirtuin-dependent reversible lysine acetylation.
|
Lysine acylation is a posttranslational modification used by cells of all domains of life to modulate cellular processes in response to metabolic stress. The paradigm for the role of lysine acylation in metabolism is the acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase (Acs) enzyme. In prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells alike, Acs activity is downregulated by acetylation and reactivated by deacetylation. Proteins belonging to the bacterial GCN5-related N-acetyltransferase (bGNAT) superfamily acetylate the epsilon amino group of an active site lysine, inactivating Acs. A deacetylase can remove the acetyl group, thereby restoring activity. Here we show the Acs from Staphylococcus aureus (SaAcs) activates acetate and weakly activates propionate, but does not activate >C3 organic acids or dicarboxylic acids (e.g. butyrate, malonate and succinate). SaAcs activity is regulated by AcuA (SaAcuA); a type-IV bGNAT. SaAcuA can acetylate or propionylate SaAcs reducing its activity by >90% and 95% respectively. SaAcuA also succinylated SaAcs, with this being the first documented case of a bacterial GNAT capable of succinylation. Inactive SaAcsAc was deacetylated (hence reactivated) by the NAD+ -dependent (class III) sirtuin protein deacetylase (hereafter SaCobB). In vivo and in vitro evidence show that SaAcuA and SaCobB modulate the level of SaAcs activity in S. aureus.
|
['Acetate-CoA Ligase', 'Acetylation', 'Amino Acid Motifs', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Lysine', 'Sirtuins', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Succinic Acid']
| 31,099,918
|
[['D08.811.464.267.500.200'], ['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['D08.811.277.087.520.200.650', 'D08.811.913.400.725.115.961', 'D12.776.476.900'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D02.241.081.337.759.625']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cloning and characterization of a female genital complex cDNA from the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica.
|
A cDNA clone whose RNA is abundant in the female genital complex of the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica has been isolated from a cDNA library in lambda gt10 by differential screening. The pattern of expression in different fluke tissues and at different stages of miracidium formation suggests that this gene is expressed in the F. hepatica vitelleria. The nucleotide sequence of the cloned cDNA was determined and the primary structure of the putative protein was deduced. The proposed protein is rich in glycine, lysine, and tyrosine and its overall amino acid composition agrees with that reported for the F. hepatica egg shell. The clone has homology with DNA from other trematodes; this homology is higher in organisms in which egg development is similar to that of F. hepatica and suggests that the protein is conserved in organisms in which miracidium formation occurs in fresh water.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'Egg Proteins', 'Egg Shell', 'Fasciola hepatica', 'Female', 'Genes', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Trematoda']
| 3,470,798
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D12.776.290'], ['A13.316'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715.408.380.420'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Naturally occurring and induced ganglion cell death. A retinal whole-mount autoradiographic study in Xenopus.
|
The retina in frogs grows continuously throughout the whole life of the animal by the addition of rings of cells at the ciliary margin. Naturally occurring neuron death cannot, consequently, be established by counting surviving neurons. A new approach, retinal whole-mount auto-radiography was introduced in this study to estimate cell loss occurring in the ganglion cell layer over a long period of time. 3H-thymidine injection at stage 53 (midlarval stage) labels a ring of cells, thereby marking the extent of retina formed up to the time of isotope administration. In the present study the number of neurons in the ganglion cell layer within the autoradiographically identified central retinal sector was estimated from midlarval stage to 6 months after metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis. The mean neuron number in the central retinal sector formed up to stage 53 was 17,420 and this was reduced by 20% to 13,515 by 6 months after metamorphosis. Optic nerve section at the time of isotope injection and subsequent regeneration brought about a reduction of the number of surviving neurons in the part of the retina formed up to stage 53 to 7,720, or to about 57% of the normal neuron number in an equivalent retinal area of an intact eye of the same age. A further reduction to 20% of normal neuron population was observed in retinae where the optic nerve failed to regenerate. The surviving neurons are assumed to be amacrine cells. The bulk of natural neuron loss in the retinal centre occurs during premetamorphic stages while little further loss takes place in the next 6 months suggesting that the underlying mechanism is a fine tuning of the developing retinal projections.
|
['Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Survival', 'Larva', 'Nerve Crush', 'Retina', 'Retinal Ganglion Cells', 'Thymidine', 'Xenopus laevis']
| 3,706,775
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.346'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['E04.525.210.560'], ['A09.371.729'], ['A08.675.650.850.875', 'A09.371.729.831.875', 'A11.671.650.850.875'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500.562']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early-onset drug-induced parkinsonism after exposure to offenders implies nigrostriatal dopaminergic dysfunction.
|
OBJECTIVES: The onset of parkinsonism in patients with drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) exhibits extensive individual variability following exposure to offending drugs. We investigated whether the individual variations in the onset time of parkinsonism reflected the underlying subtle dopaminergic dysfunction in DIP.METHODS: We enrolled 71 patients with DIP who had visually normal striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) availability in 18F-FP-CIT positron emission tomography scans. According to their exposure durations to the offending drugs prior to onset of the parkinsonism, the patients were divided into the early-onset group (duration ?6 months; n=35) and delayed-onset group (duration >6 months; n=36). We performed the quantitative analysis of the DAT availability in each striatal subregion between the groups.RESULTS: No patients with DIP had DAT availability that was more than 2 SD below the normal mean of DAT availability. Compared with the delayed-onset group, the early-onset DIP group had decreased DAT availability in the striatal subregions including the posterior putamen (p=0.018), anterior putamen (p=0.011), caudate (p=0.035) and ventral striatum (p=0.027). After adjusting for age, sex and cross-cultural smell identification test scores, a multivariate analysis revealed that the DAT availability in the striatal subregions of the patients with DIP was significantly and positively associated with the natural logarithm of the duration of drug exposure.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a short exposure to the offending drugs before the development of parkinsonism would be associated with subtle nigrostriatal dopaminergic dysfunction in patients with DIP.
|
['Aged', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Antiemetics', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Caudate Nucleus', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Deprescriptions', 'Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Female', 'Fluorine Radioisotopes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neostriatum', 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Putamen', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Recovery of Function', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors', 'Time Factors', 'Tropanes', 'Valproic Acid', 'Ventral Striatum']
| 28,912,301
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.030', 'D27.505.954.427.095', 'D27.505.954.483.200'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.184'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['E02.319.243'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.124', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.500', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.124', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.500'], ['D01.496.749.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550'], ['C10.228.140.079.862', 'C10.228.662.600'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.550.784'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['G16.757'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D02.145.074.722', 'D03.132.889', 'D03.605.084.500.722', 'D03.605.869'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Environmental effects on skeletal versus dental development II: further testing of a basic assumption in human osteological research.
|
This study further tests the general assumption that skeletal development is more sensitive to socioeconomic factors than dental development in a sample of modern immature Portuguese skeletons (N = 41) of known sex, age, and socioeconomic background. Skeletal development was assessed from skeletal maturation of the knee and dental development was assessed from schedules of tooth formation. Discrepancies between physiological age (skeletal and dental age) and chronological age were used as a measure of developmental status. A positive score indicates that physiological age is in advance of chronological age, whereas a negative score indicates the reverse. Two socioeconomic groups, one of low and the other of high socioeconomic status, were created based on the occupation of the father and on the place of residence, and developmental status was compared between the two socioeconomic groups. Results confirm previous studies by showing that dental development is less affected by environmental insults than skeletal maturation. While socioeconomic differences in skeletal maturation range from 1.20 to 1.22 years (15-18% of chronological age), socioeconomic differences in dental maturation range from 0.51 to 0.53 years (4-9% of chronological age). Compared to a previous study, results also suggest that skeletal maturation is more affected than skeletal growth. Additionally, an adaptation of the radiographic atlas of skeletal development of the knee is proposed for use with dry skeletal material.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Determination by Skeleton', 'Age Determination by Teeth', 'Anthropology, Physical', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Databases, Factual', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Knee Joint', 'Male', 'Malnutrition', 'Social Class', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tibia', 'Tooth', 'Young Adult']
| 21,302,272
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.049', 'E01.370.350.700.050'], ['E01.370.350.700.720.050', 'E01.370.600.024.650.500', 'E05.041.650.500', 'E06.342.764.142', 'E06.623.500'], ['I01.076.368'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['C18.654.521'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['A14.549.167.860'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution and function of the lethal of scute gene product during early neurogenesis in Drosophila.
|
Genes of the achaete-scute complex (ASC) participate in the formation of the central nervous system in the Drosophila embryo. Previous genetic analyses have indicated that lethal of scute (l'sc) is the most important gene of the complex in that process. We have obtained antibodies against the l'sc protein to study the expression of the gene during early neurogenesis. The protein is found in groups of embryonic neuroectodermal cells, analogous to the proneural clusters that precede the appearance of precursors of peripheral sensory organs in imaginal epithelia. The groups appear in different regions of the neuroectoderm, accompanying the three successive waves of neuroblast segregation. Most neuroblasts delaminate from these clusters and express position-specific levels of l'sc protein. No significant differences have been found between the distribution of l'sc RNA and protein. Phenotypic analysis of a l'sc deficiency has shown that the gene is required for neuroblast commitment, although this requirement is less widespread than the domain of l'sc expression, suggesting a high degree of redundancy in the function of genes that participate in the process of neuroblast segregation. The ASC genes have been postulated to play a role in the control of NB identity, revealed by the generation of a defined lineage of identifiable neurons. However, our study in l'sc mutants of the expression of fushi tarazu, engrailed, and even-skipped, used as markers of neuronal identity, has not provided evidence to support this hypothesis.
|
['Animals', 'Blastoderm', 'Central Nervous System', 'Drosophila', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Phenotype', 'Proteins']
| 1,782,859
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.331.024'], ['A08.186'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Age Is Associated With Pain Experience and Opioid Use After Head and Neck Free Flap Reconstruction.
|
OBJECTIVES: To describe pain experience and opioid use after major head and neck reconstructive surgery.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.METHODS: Patients undergoing major head and neck surgery with microvascular free tissue transfer (free flaps) at a tertiary academic center were included. Pain scores (0-10) and demographic and clinical data were ascertained from medical records. Discharge opioid prescriptions and refills obtained within 30 days were recorded. Patient characteristics were compared with pain scores using nonparametric rank-sum tests and with likelihood of refill using logistic regression models to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).RESULTS: The study population comprised 445 patients. Median age was 60 years (interquartile range 50-68). Most patients had cancer (N = 350, 78%). The majority of free flaps were fibula (N = 153, 34%) or radial forearm (N = 159, 36%). Older patients reported significantly lower pain scores, whereas patients with opioid tolerance, anxiety, current smokers, and those undergoing larger volume resections or boney free flaps reported significantly higher pain scores. One-quarter (N = 115, 26%) of patients obtained opioid refills. Patients aged ? 60 years had one-half the odds of obtaining a refill compared with patients aged < 60 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33-0.84), whereas surgical defect volume ? 100 cm3 (aOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.21-3.07) and higher pain score (aOR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.07-1.32 per 1 point increase) increased the odds of refill.CONCLUSION: Continued opioid use after discharge is common among patients undergoing major head and neck reconstruction, particularly for younger patients and after more extensive surgery. Older patients reported lower pain intensity and were less likely to obtain opioid refills, highlighting the wisdom of judicious opioid use for this vulnerable population.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV Laryngoscope, 130: E469-E478, 2020.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Female', 'Free Tissue Flaps', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Minnesota', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 32,413,165
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['A10.850.710.500', 'E07.862.710.500'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Neural infiltration in benign gallbladder lesions. Description of a case].
|
Neural infiltration is considered a very useful marker of malignancy in the biliary tract. Aim of this study is to report a case of benign epithelium of the gallbladder with neural infiltration and to review the literature.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Autonomic Pathways', 'Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic', 'Cholecystitis', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Gallbladder', 'Gallbladder Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Hypertrophy', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Male']
| 9,628,979
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.800.050.050', 'A08.800.800.060'], ['E04.210.120.172.140', 'E04.502.250.520.160'], ['C06.130.564.263'], ['C06.130.409'], ['E01.171'], ['A11.436'], ['A03.159.439'], ['C04.588.274.120.401', 'C06.130.320.401', 'C06.130.564.401', 'C06.301.120.401'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['C23.300.775'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of salidroside on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation into cholinergic nerve cells].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of salidroside on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) differentiation into the cholinergic nerve cells, so as to provide the theory basis of the combination of salidroside and stem cells for clinical therapy of nervous system diseases.METHODS: BMSCs were isolated from 2 Wistar rats (aged 4-6 weeks,weighing 120 g), which were identified by CD34, CD45, CD90, and CD106 with flow cytometry. According to inducing method, BMSCs at passage 2 were divided into 3 groups: In groups A and B, BMSCs were induced by salidroside (20 microg/mL) and retinoic acid (5 micromol/mL) respectively for 1, 3, 6, and 9 days, in group C, BMSCs were cultured with serum-free DMEM/F12 medium as control. MTT assay was used to detect the cellular proliferation activity. The immunofluorescence chemical technology was used to detect the expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF) and relevant marker molecule of nerve cells, including neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), beta-Tubulin III, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and the marker of cholinergic neuron, such as Acetylcholine (Ach) and NGF. RT-PCR was used to detect mRNA expressions of NSE, beta-Tubulin III, GFAP,brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF),and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). ELISA was used to detect the levels of BDNF and NGF, and the expression level of NGF protein was analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS: The results of the flow cytometry showed that the cultured cells were CD90 and CD106 positive, and CD34 and CD45 negative,which indicated that the cells were BMSCs. The cellular proliferation activity in groups A and B were significantly higher than that in group C at 6 days and 9 days (P < 0.05). RT-PCR results showed that the expression level of NSE,BDNF, beta-Tubulin III,GFAPmRNA were increased in group A at 6 days; In group B, that expression level of NSE mRNA was up-regulated at 6 days, that expression level of BDNF mRNA increased at 1 days and reached the peak at 6 days, and that expression level of beta-Tubulin III mRNA was up-regulated at 3 days, which was significantly higher than that at the other time points, and than that in group C (P < 0.01). But no GABA mRNA expression was detected in each group. Immunofluorescence chemical technology staining showed that the positive rates of NSE, MAP2, beta-Tubulin III, and GFAP were significantly higher in group A than those in group C at 3 days; the positive rates of Ach were significantly higher at 3, 6, and 9 days than those at 1 day in groups A and B, and in groups A and B than in group C (P < 0.01); the positive rates of NGF in groups A and B were significantly higher than those in group C (P < 0.01). The levels of BDNF and NGF in groups A and B were significantly higher than those in group C at 1, 3, 6, and 9 days (P < 0.01), but no significant difference of BDNF was found between groups A and B (P > 0.05). The expression level of NGF protein in groups A and B were significantly higher than that in group C (P < 0.01). The NGF expression reached the peak at 6 days in group A and at 3 days in group B.CONCLUSION: Salidroside could induce rat BMSCs differentiate into cholinergic nerve cells in vitro.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholinergic Neurons', 'Glucosides', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Phenols', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 22,403,877
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.675.127', 'A11.671.188'], ['D09.408.348'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Immobilization-induced cartilage degeneration mediated through expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, and chondromodulin-I.
|
Immobilization results in thinning of the articular cartilage and cartilage degeneration, although the exact mechanisms are not clear yet. Hypoxia is thought to contribute to the degeneration of articular cartilage. We investigated the roles of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and the newly cloned antiangiogenic factor, chondromodulin-I (ChM-1), in cartilage degeneration in immobilized joints. Male Wistar rats (n = 30, 12-week-old) were divided randomly into the control group (n = 10), immobilization group (n = 10), and continuous passive motion (CPM) group (n = 10). In the immobilization group, the ankle joints were fixed in full plantar flexion with plaster casts for 4 weeks. In the CPM group, the ankle casts were removed during the immobilization period and the ankle joints were subjected to CPM. Significant thinning of the articular cartilage was noted in the immobilization group but not in the control or CPM group. In the immobilized group, vascular channels were found in the area between the calcified cartilage zone and the subchondral bone. The densities of HIF-1alpha-and VEGF-immunostained cells were higher in the immobilized group than the other two groups. In contrast, low expression of ChM-1 was detected in the articular cartilage of the immobilized group compared with the control and CPM group. Our results showed that immobilization induces thinning of the articular cartilage and appearance of vascular channel, in areas with balanced expression of HIF-1alpha/VEGF and ChM-1.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Cartilage Diseases', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Immobilization', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tarsus, Animal', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 19,212,851
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['C05.182', 'C17.300.182'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['E05.472'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A13.473.821'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Epidemiology of first-episode psychosis: illustrating the challenges across diagnostic boundaries through the Cavan-Monaghan study at 8 years.
|
The epidemiology of first-episode psychosis is poorly understood because of the paucity of systematic studies, yet it constitutes the fundamental basis for understanding the disorder and the foundations on which clinical, biological, therapeutic, and long-term outcome studies are built. A particular need is to clarify the diagnostic breadth of first-episode psychosis and, on this basis, to undertake systematic comparisons across representative populations of the psychoses, to include comparisons with first-episode mania. Considered here is the new generation of prospective studies that may be able to inform in some way on these issues. Attainment of the above goals requires prolonged accrual of "all" cases of nonaffective, affective, and any other psychotic illness, including first-episode mania, to derive the required representative populations. To illustrate some of the challenges, the structure of the Cavan-Monaghan prospective first episode study is described and its interim findings are outlined, as rural Ireland provides psychiatric care based on strict catchment areas and is characterized by substantive ethnic and socioeconomic homogeneity and stability. It is argued that there are 3 primary diagnostic nodes (schizophrenia spectrum psychosis, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder with psychotic features) around which there exist numerous additional, overlapping, and well-populated diagnostic categories that are distinct only in terms of their operational definition. Only through systematic, epidemiologically based studies that access this intrinsic diversity are we likely to understand fully the origins and pathobiology of first-episode psychosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Epidemiologic Studies', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ireland', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Research Design', 'Social Class', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 15,944,446
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['E05.318.372.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.467', 'Z01.639.587'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F03.700.675'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Participation of Rho-dependent transcription termination in oxidative stress sensitivity caused by an rpoB mutation.
|
The role of transcription termination process for gene expression regulation is poorly understood. Either a multicopy supply of the rof gene or bicyclomycin, both of which inhibit the transcription termination Rho factor, suppressed the increased sensitivity to oxidative stress of the rifampicin-resistant rpoB mutation in Escherichia coli. Multi-copy supply of the rnk gene also suppressed oxidative stress sensitivity, coincident with the recovery of the reduced concentration of nucleoside triphosphates in the mutant cells, which is one of the factors that affects transcription termination efficiency in vitro. Thus, an appropriate, nonexcessive termination frequency at Rho-dependent transcription terminators might contribute to oxidative stress survival. Clinical application of oxidative stress against drug resistant bacteria is also discussed.
|
['DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Mutation', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Rho Factor', 'Rifampin', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 15,836,776
|
[['D08.811.913.696.445.735.270'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D12.776.930.785'], ['D03.633.400.811.700', 'D04.345.295.750.700'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antibacterial activities of OPC-17116, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin against 200 isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
|
OPC-17116 is a new fluoroquinolone with potent activity against aerobic and anaerobic organisms. We evaluated the susceptibilities of 200 clinical gonococcal isolates including organisms with plasmid and chromosomally mediated resistance to beta-lactams and tetracycline. The antibiotics studied included OPC-17116, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone. All isolates tested were susceptible to the quinolone class of antibiotics. The MICs of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and OPC-17116 for 90% of isolates tested were 0.004, 0.03, and 0.004 micrograms/ml, respectively. For organisms with chromosomally mediated resistance to penicillin and tetracycline, geometric mean MICs of all antibiotics including the quinolones were increased.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'Ofloxacin', 'Penicillin Resistance', 'Piperazines', 'Quinolones', 'Tetracycline Resistance']
| 8,257,153
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.474', 'B03.660.075.525.520.400'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500'], ['G06.099.225.500.600', 'G06.225.347.500.600', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['G06.099.225.937', 'G06.225.347.937', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Challenged but not threatened: Managing health in advanced age.
|
In this paper we reflect on discussions with people of advanced age in ?otearoa New Zealand, and draw on theoretical frameworks of resilience and place in old age, to explore insights about the ways older people maintain quality of life and health. Twenty community-dwelling people of advanced age (85+) were recruited in 2015-16 from a large multidisciplinary longitudinal study of advanced age. These twenty participated in interviews about health in advanced age, impact of illnesses, interactions with clinicians, access to information, support for managing health, and perceptions of primary care, medications, and other forms of assistance. We use a positioning theory framework drawing on thematic and narrative analysis to understand the dynamic ways people in advanced age position themselves and the ways they age well through speech acts and storylines. People in advanced age saw themselves as challenged, rather than threatened, by adversities, and positioned themselves as able to draw on a lifetime of experience and resourcefulness and collaborations with supporters to deal with challenges. Key strategies include downplaying illness and resisting biomedical discourses of complexity, positioning embodied selves as having agency, and creative adaptation in the face of loss. People in advanced age exhibit resilience, maintaining wellbeing, autonomy and good physical and mental quality of life even while living with challenges such as functional decline and multi-morbidities. These findings have significance for supporters of older people, emphasising the need to move away from a narrow focus on problems to working together WITH people in advanced age to offer a more holistic approach that encourages and enhances adaptation and flexibility, rather than rigid and counterproductive coping patterns.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'New Zealand', 'Qualitative Research', 'Resilience, Psychological']
| 29,941,204
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['Z01.639.760.747', 'Z01.678.100.747'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['F02.940']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Maternal protein restriction induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and enteric nervous system remodeling in rat offspring.
|
Early-life adversity is a major risk factor for the development of diseases later in life. Maternal protein restriction (MPR) is associated with morbidities in offspring affecting multiple organs, but its impact on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract remains poorly studied. Using a rat model, we examined the consequences of MPR on GI function and on the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the offspring at postnatal d 35 under basal state and following a water avoidance stress (WAS). Compared with control rats, MPR rats exhibited greater colonic motility, permeability, and corticosteronemia. In contrast to controls, MPR rats presented a blunted functional and corticosteronemic response to WAS. Furthermore, MPR rats showed an increased proportion of choline acetyltransferase-immunoreactive (ChAT-IR) neurons and a reduced level of autophagy in colonic myenteric neurons. In ENS cultures, corticosterone treatment increased the proportion of ChAT-IR neurons and reduced autophagy level in enteric neurons. Inhibition of autophagy in ENS cultures resulted in a higher vulnerability of enteric neurons to a cellular stress. Altogether, this study suggests that MPR induced GI dysfunction and ENS alterations in offspring rats and that MPR-induced increased corticosteronemia might be involved in ENS remodeling and altered responsiveness of the gut to stressors later in life.-Aubert, P., Oleynikova, E., Rizvi, H., Ndjim, M., Le Berre-Scoul, C., Grohard, P. A., Chevalier, J., Segain, J.-P., Le Drean, G., Neunlist, M., Boudin, H. Maternal protein restriction induces gastrointestinal dysfunction and enteric nervous system remodeling in rat offspring.
|
['Animals', 'Autophagy', 'Body Size', 'Body Weight', 'Choline O-Acetyltransferase', 'Colon', 'Corticosterone', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Enteric Nervous System', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Maternal Exposure', 'Models, Animal', 'Neurons', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 30,067,379
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.011'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.180'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['A08.800.050.150'], ['A03.556'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['N06.850.460.350.145'], ['E05.598'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
High-throughput and longitudinal analysis of aging and senescent decline in Caenorhabditis elegans.
|
Caenorhabditis elegans is becoming a multipurpose tool for genetic and chemical compound screening approaches aiming to identify and target the molecular mechanisms underlying senescent decline, aging, and associated pathologies. In this chapter, we describe specialized methods that have been developed to facilitate such screening strategies using C. elegans. The first section provides detailed procedures for the assessment of lifespan parameters on liquid growth media that are typically used for rearing nematodes. In the second section, we consider methodologies optimized for high-throughput survival analysis, applicable to large-scale chemical compound or genetic screening ventures. Finally, we discuss recently developed microfluidics tools for the noninvasive monitoring of behavioral and physiological traits in longitudinal studies of aging and senescent decline.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Culture Media', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Sterilization', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Survival Analysis']
| 23,296,679
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['E05.588.465'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850'], ['G07.775'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cyclodiode laser therapy for painful, blind glaucomatous eyes.
|
AIMS: To determine the ability of cyclodiode laser treatment to relieve discomfort in painful blind glaucomatous eyes.METHODS: 30 eyes underwent cyclodiode to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) and relieve pain. Patients graded their pre-cyclodiode and post-cyclodiode pain.RESULTS: After a minimum follow up of 6 months, a single cyclodiode treatment lowered mean IOP from 51 mm Hg (95% CI plus or minus 3.7 mm Hg) to 26 mm Hg (95% CI plus or minus 5.8 mm Hg) providing pain relief in 73.3% (22/30). After retreatment of six eyes, mean IOP was reduced to 22 (95% CI plus or minus 5.3) mm Hg and pain relief was obtained in 96.7% (29/30). For eyes achieving pain relief after one treatment, IOP was reduced by >30% in 81.0% (17/21). For eyes not achieving pain relief after one treatment, IOP was reduced by >30% in only 22.2% (2/9) (p=0.0042, Fisher's exact test).CONCLUSION: Cyclodiode was highly successful in providing pain relief in painful blind hypertensive glaucomatous eyes. The best predictor of successful pain relief was IOP reduction of > 30% from baseline.
|
['Aged', 'Blindness', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Glaucoma', 'Humans', 'Laser Therapy', 'Linear Models', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Tonometry, Ocular', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,264,140
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['C11.525.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594', 'E04.014.520'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.380.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Serum and pancreatic immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and proinsulin-like component (PLC), serum IRI and PLC response to different stimuli in normal subjects and organic hyperinsulinism.
|
The serum levels of total immunoreactive insulin (IRI) and proinsulin-like component (PLC) in the fasting state and following the administration of insulin secretagogues in 5 patients with organic hyperinsulinism and age and sex matched normal subjects are reported. Diagnosis of organic hyperinsulinism could be established in all instances on the basis of the inappropriately high total serum IRI levels for the corresponding blood glucose values; such an abnormal relationship was not seen in normal subjects, and was further enhanced by insulin secretagogues. Unrestrained insulin secretion in organic hyperinsulinism was enhanced following the administration of glucose, tolbutamide, glucagon or amino acids; the last 2 stimuli are known to be ineffective in causing insulin secretion in the presence of hypoglycemia in normal subjects. Four patints had insulinomas and one probably had islet cell hyperplasia or abnormal function of islet cells. Chromatography of serum IRI to quantitate PLC is a useful adjunct to the diagnosis of organic hyperinsulinism as in the fasting state the proportion of PLC is always elevated, above the normal range of 5-22%. Following the administration of insulin secretagogues there was pronounced increase in total serum IRI in organic hyperinsulinism but the proportion of PLC generally decreased, suggesting thereby that mojor increase in IRI was due to release of stored granular IRI which is known to have a low proportion of PLC.
|
['Adenoma, Islet Cell', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antigens', 'Blood Glucose', 'Female', 'Glucagon', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Proinsulin', 'Tolbutamide']
| 181,932
|
[['C04.557.470.035.100', 'C04.588.274.761.249', 'C04.588.322.475.249', 'C06.301.761.249', 'C06.689.667.249', 'C19.344.421.249'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D23.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.734'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500', 'D12.776.811.706'], ['D02.065.950.828.896', 'D02.886.590.795.896']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Technique and pitfalls of retrograde continuous warm blood cardioplegia.
|
The recent development of normothermic myocardial preservation and systemic perfusion during bypass has questioned the fundamental need for hypothermia during cardiac operations. The antegrade technique of almost continuous perfusion by the aortic root and vein grafts has been supplemented by continuous normothermic blood cardioplegia through the coronary sinus. Recently, great interest has been shown in this technique. It is important to describe the method in detail along with its potential shortcomings and dangers. This communication describes the technical details, pitfalls, and shortcomings of retrograde continuous warm blood cardioplegia.
|
['Blood', 'Heart Arrest, Induced', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans']
| 2,039,304
|
[['A12.207.152', 'A15.145'], ['E04.100.376.374', 'E04.928.220.360'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Therapist-guided and parent-guided internet-delivered behaviour therapy for paediatric Tourette's disorder: a pilot randomised controlled trial with long-term follow-up.
|
OBJECTIVE: Behaviour therapy (BT) for Tourette's disorder (TD) and persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic disorder (PTD) is rarely available. We evaluated the feasibility of adapting two existing BT protocols for TD/PTD (habit reversal training (HRT) and exposure and response prevention (ERP)) into a therapist-guided and parent-guided online self-help format.DESIGN: A pilot, single-blind, parallel group randomised controlled trial.SETTING: A specialist outpatient clinic in Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-three young people with TD/PTD, aged 8-16.INTERVENTIONS: Two 10-week therapist-guided and parent-guided internet-delivered programmes (called BIP TIC HRT and BIP TIC ERP).OUTCOME: The primary outcome measure was the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Blinded evaluators rated symptoms at baseline, post-treatment and 3-month follow-up (primary endpoint). All participants were naturalistically followed up to 12 months after treatment.RESULTS: Patients and parents rated the interventions as highly acceptable, credible and satisfactory. While both interventions resulted in reduced tic-related impairment, parent-rated tic severity and improved quality of life, only BIP TIC ERP resulted in a significant improvement on the primary outcome measure. Within-group effect sizes and responder rates were, respectively: d=1.12 and 75% for BIP TIC ERP, and d=0.50 and 55% for BIP TIC HRT. The therapeutic gains were maintained up to 12 months after the end of the treatment. Adverse events were rare in both groups. The average therapist support time was around 25 min per participant per week.CONCLUSIONS: Internet-delivered BT has the potential to greatly increase access to evidence-based treatment for young people with TD/PTD. Further evaluation of the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this treatment modality is warranted.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02864589; Pre-results.
|
['Adolescent', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Child', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Pilot Projects', 'Quality of Life', 'Single-Blind Method', 'Sweden', 'Tourette Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,772,854
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F04.754.137'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F01.145.677'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.370.850', 'N05.715.360.325.730', 'N06.850.520.445.850'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['C10.228.140.079.898', 'C10.228.662.825.800', 'C10.574.500.850', 'C16.320.400.820', 'F03.625.992.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Conundrum of elevated HbA1C and hypoglycemia-a rare cause.
|
A white diabetic patient on insulin therapy presented with recurrent hypoglycemia despite very high glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. Hemoglobin (Hb) variants, chemically modified Hb, and abnormalities of red cell turnover cause errors in HbA1c measurement. Widely prevalent Hb variants affecting HbA1c estimation include HbS and HbC in African Americans, HbE in southeast Asians, and carbamyl-Hb in uremic patients. In addition, there are at least 893 other Hb variants as of 2005, many of which affect HbA1c estimation. HbA1c values are also affected by methodology of estimation. Our patient had HbJ, which is rare amongst whites. The relationship between HbA1c values and mean plasma glucose allows estimation of expected HbA1c. Significant discrepancy between expected and measured HbA1c should be evaluated. Considering Hb variants, evaluating for the same and estimating HbA1c with the appropriate method under such circumstances are described. Numerous new or rare Hb variants will be diagnosed if suspicion is appropriately entertained.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Fetal Hemoglobin', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Hemoglobin E', 'Hemoglobin J', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 18,480,656
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D12.776.124.400.303', 'D12.776.422.316.762.320'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['D12.776.124.400.463.375', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426.375'], ['D12.776.124.400.463.480', 'D12.776.422.316.762.426.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The predictive value of the 70-gene signature for adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer.
|
Multigene assays have been developed and validated to determine the prognosis of breast cancer. In this study, we assessed the additional predictive value of the 70-gene MammaPrint signature for chemotherapy (CT) benefit in addition to endocrine therapy (ET) from pooled study series. For 541 patients who received either ET (n = 315) or ET + CT (n = 226), breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and distant disease-free survival (DDFS) at 5 years were assessed separately for the 70-gene high and low risk groups. The 70-gene signature classified 252 patients (47%) as low risk and 289 (53%) as high risk. Within the 70-gene low risk group, BCSS was 97% for the ET group and 99% for the ET + CT group at 5 years with a non-significant univariate hazard ratio (HR) of 0.58 (95% CI 0.07-4.98; P = 0.62). In the 70-gene high risk group, BCSS was 81% (ET group) and 94% (ET + CT group) at 5 years with a significant HR of 0.21 (95% CI 0.07-0.59; P < 0.01). DDFS was 93% (ET) versus 99% (ET + CT), respectively, in the 70-gene low risk group, HR 0.26 (95% CI 0.03-2.02; P = 0.20). In the high risk group DDFS was 76 versus 88%, HR of 0.35 (95% CI 0.17-0.71; P < 0.01). Results were similar in multivariate analysis, showing significant survival benefit by adding CT in the 70-gene high risk group. A significant and clinically meaningful benefit was observed by adding chemotherapy to endocrine treatment in 70-gene high risk patients. This benefit was not significant in low risk patients, who were at such low risk for recurrence and cancer-related death, that adding CT does not appear to be clinically meaningful.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anthracyclines', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Radiotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Risk Assessment', 'Taxoids', 'Tumor Burden']
| 20,204,499
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050', 'D04.615.562.050', 'D09.408.051.059'], ['D27.505.954.248.169'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D12.776.624'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E02.186.775', 'E02.815.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Liver p53 expression in patients with HCV-related chronic hepatitis.
|
Mutated p53 acts as a dominant oncogene and alterations in the p53 gene are described in a large number of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been demonstrated that hepatitis C virus (HCV)-core protein regulates transcriptionally cellular genes, as well as cell growth and apoptosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate whether p53 may be expressed also in a precocious stage of HCV-related liver damage. We studied p53 expression by immunoluminometric assay on liver samples from 40 patients (M/F 18/ 22, median age 44 years, range 13-64 years) with biopsy-proven HCV-related chronic hepatitis. We considered the following factors: degree of liver damage, liver iron content and HCV-RNA titre. We also evaluated as possible co-factors alcohol and food intake in the last 3 years. p53 was over-expressed in seven of 40 (17.5%) patients. Liver histology documented the presence of unexpected cirrhosis in two patients among the p53 positive subjects. The p53 positive group had a daily ethanol intake significantly higher in respect to that of the p53 negative group (P < 0.05). Alimentary history documented that patients with a p53 over-expression had a lower intake of total calories, monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamin C and riboflavin. Data indicate that p53 over-expression can occur even in initial stages of HCV-related liver disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Biopsy, Needle', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cohort Studies', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Probability', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Reference Values', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 12,823,592
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119', 'E01.370.388.100.100', 'E04.074.119', 'E04.665.100', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119', 'E05.200.998.054.119', 'E05.242.384.100.119'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G05.308.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Incomplete bacteriophage-like particles in ultraviolet-irradiated haemophilus.
|
Incomplete phagelike particles were found in competent and incompetent cells of Haemophilus influenzae Rd (transformable) lysed after exposure to ultraviolet radiation.
|
['Bacteriocins', 'Bacteriolysis', 'Bacteriophages', 'Defective Viruses', 'Haemophilus', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Radiation Effects', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 5,305,777
|
[['D12.776.097.151', 'D12.776.543.695.110'], ['G06.099.115'], ['B04.123'], ['B04.265'], ['B03.440.450.600.450', 'B03.660.250.550.290'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G01.750.745', 'N06.850.810.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of age and neurovascular grafting on the mechanical function of medial gastrocnemius muscles of Fischer 344 rats.
|
Both aging and grafting of whole skeletal muscle are associated with decreased specific force and resistance to fatigue. This study tested the hypothesis that the recovery of mechanical function in nerve-repair skeletal muscle grafts in senescent rats would be impaired compared with recovery in similar grafts in younger animals. Following a 120-day recovery period, the contractile properties of grafted medial gastrocnemius (MGN) muscles from young-mature (6 months), middle-aged (12 months), and senescent (24 months) Fischer 344 rats were measured and compared to age-matched controls. Although there was full recovery of muscle mass, grafting and aging alone both were associated with diminished maximum twitch and tetanic tension, maximum power, and maximum sustained power. In addition, the deleterious effect of grafting on maximum tetanic tension, specific force, and sustained power of MGN muscle was significantly greater in old animals. These findings suggest that aging limits full recovery of the quality of muscle contractions from the nerve-repair grafting procedure, possibly due to an age-related impairment of reinnervation.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aging', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle Denervation', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred F344', 'Recovery of Function']
| 18,314,554
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['G11.427.494'], ['E04.525.210.500', 'E04.525.210.560.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.200', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.200'], ['G16.757']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
From cytoplasm to environment: the inorganic ingredients for the origin of life.
|
Early in its history, Earth's surface developed from an uninhabitable magma ocean to a place where life could emerge. The first organisms, lacking ion transporters, fixed the composition of their cradle environment in their intracellular fluid. Later, though life adapted and spread, it preserved some qualities of its initial environment within. Modern prokaryotes could thus provide insights into the conditions of early Earth and the requirements for the emergence of life. In this work, we constrain Earth's life-forming environment through detailed analysis of prokaryotic intracellular fluid. Rigorous assessment of the constraints placed on the early Earth environment by intracellular liquid will provide insight into the conditions of abiogenesis, with implications not only for our understanding of early Earth but also the formation of life elsewhere in the Universe.
|
['Atmosphere', 'Bacteria', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Cations', 'Cytoplasm', 'Elements', 'Environment', 'Hydrothermal Vents', 'Inorganic Chemicals', 'Methane', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Origin of Life', 'Seawater']
| 23,406,344
|
[['G16.500.275.063', 'N06.230.300.100'], ['B03'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['D01.268'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['G01.311.355.750.500.400', 'G16.500.275.260.750'], ['D01'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['E05.599'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['G16.650', 'I01.076.368.584.542'], ['G16.500.275.725.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Characterization of the synergistic antiproliferative effects of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor on human colon carcinoma cell lines.
|
We employed a tumor-type-specific tissue culture model utilizing three human colon carcinoma cell lines to (i) assess the effects of schedule, sequence, dose, and duration of exposure on the antiproliferative activity of combinations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and to (ii) determine the effects of this combination on the production of a TNF-inducible protein, IFN-beta 2, and an IFN-inducible protein, p78. A statistical model was developed to ascertain the effects of each of three of the variables (sequence, dose, and duration) on the other two. With minor exceptions, the maximal antiproliferative effect in all three cell lines was observed when IFN-gamma and TNF were administered simultaneously, regardless of the doses of each agent and duration of exposure. Exposing the cells to TNF before IFN-gamma resulted in the least inhibition in cell growth. In all three cell lines, the antiproliferative effects of each treatment group were related directly to the duration of exposure. In two of the three cell lines, an intermittent schedule was as effective as a 24-h exposure. No p78 induction was observed in the HCT 116 cell line with IFN-gamma alone, TNF alone, or the combination; p78 was slightly induced in the SKC01 and VACO 9P cell lines with IFN-gamma alone, and was synergistically induced by the combination of TNF and IFN-gamma. Treatment with a neutralizing antibody to IFN-beta did not reverse the antiproliferative effect of any of the three treatment groups in HCT 116 cells. We conclude that the maximum antiproliferative effect in human colon carcinoma can be achieved by the prolonged simultaneous administration of high concentrations of each drug. If clinical toxicity prohibits this schedule, an intermittent schedule of administration may be effective. The mechanism of the synergistic effect is not due to the induction of IFN-beta or the p78 protein.
|
['Cell Division', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Drug Synergism', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Interferon Type I', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Myxovirus Resistance Proteins', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 2,111,352
|
[['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.550', 'D12.776.157.325.636'], ['D12.776.624'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pharmacokinetics of mycophenolate mofetil in children with lupus and clinical findings in favour of therapeutic drug monitoring.
|
AIMS: The use of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is increasing. However, the clinical benefit of its monitoring has been scarcely studied, and little is known about its pharmacokinetics in this context. The objectives of the present study were: (i) to describe mycophenolic acid (MPA, the active moiety of MMF) pharmacokinetics, (ii) to develop a Bayesian estimator (BE) allowing the determination AUC (area under the curve) from a limited number of blood samples and (iii) to explore the relationships between exposure indices to MPA and the clinical status in children with SLE.METHODS: This was a retrospective study including 36 children with SLE, extracted from the expert system ISBA, for whom full- pharmacokinetic profiles of MPA were collected together with clinical data. A pharmacokinetic model and a BE were developed using an iterative two stage Bayesian approach. ROC curve analyses and logistic regressions were used to investigate the association of exposure and active disease.RESULTS: A pharmacokinetic model and a BE were developed that allowed good AUC estimation performance (bias ± SD = -0.02 ± 0.15). ROC curve analyses showed that AUC/dose <0.06 and AUC <4 mg l(-1) h were associated with a good sensitivity and specificity for active disease (78%/94% and 94%/56%, respectively). When introduced in a logistic regression model, AUC <44 mg l(-1) h and AUC/dose <0.06 were associated with an increased risk of active disease (OR = 21.2, 95% CI 2.3, 196.1, P = 0.007 and OR = 59.5, 95% CI 5.9, 588.2, P = 0.0005 respectively].CONCLUSIONS: The developed pharmacokinetic BE could be used to test prospectively the interest of MPA monitoring for limiting relapse of the disease or its progression.
|
['Adolescent', 'Area Under Curve', 'Bayes Theorem', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Drug Monitoring', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Logistic Models', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Mycophenolic Acid', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 24,697,955
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['E05.318.740.600.200', 'N05.715.360.750.625.150', 'N06.850.520.830.600.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.520.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['D02.241.081.193.678', 'D10.251.618'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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