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Evaluation of the renal function using serum Cystatin C following open and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair.
|
Objectives Controversies regarding renal function impairment after open and endovascular aortic aneurysm repair still exist. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the renal function following open repair and endovascular aneurysm repair using Cystatin C. Methods This prospective, observational case-control study was conducted in tertiary referral centre over 3 years, starting from 2012. In total, 60 patients operated due to infrarenal AAA either by means of open repair (30 patients) or endovascular aneurysm repair (30 patients) were included in the study. Biochemical markers of renal function (sCr, urea, potassium) were recorded pre-operatively and at these specific time points, immediately after the operation and at discharge, home (third postoperative day, endovascular aneurysm repair group) or from intensive care unit (third postoperative day, open repair group). Multivariate and propensity score adjustments were used to control for the baseline differences between the groups. Results Creatinine levels in serum remained unchanged during the hospital stay in both groups without significant differences at any time point. Cystatin C levels in endovascular aneurysm repair patients significantly increased postoperatively and restored to values comparable to baseline at the discharge (0.865 ± 0.319 vs. *0.962 ± 0.353 vs. 0.921 ± 0.322, * p < 0.001). Cystatin C levels in patients treated with the open surgery was decreasing over time but not statistically significant comparing to Cystatin C values at the admission. However, decrease in Cystatin C serum levels in patients treated with conventional surgery resulted in statistically significant lower values compared to endovascular aneurysm repair patients both postoperatively and at the time of discharge (0.760 ± 0.225 vs. 0.962 ± 0.353, p < 0.05; 0.750 vs. 0.156, p < 0.05). Both multivariate linear regression models and propensity score adjustment confirm that, even after correction for previously observed intergroup differences, type of surgery, i.e. endovascular aneurysm repair is independently associated with the higher levels of Cystatin C both postoperatively and at the discharge. Conclusions Dynamics of Cystatin C levels have been proven as a more vulnerable marker of renal dysfunction. Endovascular aneurysm repair is associated with higher levels of kidney injury markers.
|
['Acute Kidney Injury', 'Aged', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Cystatin C', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Linear Models', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Propensity Score', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,835,187
|
[['C12.777.419.780.050', 'C13.351.968.419.780.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['D23.101'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D12.776.215.300'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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| 0
| 1
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[Hyperparathyroidism. Quantitative determination of specific skeletal changes in the radiography of the hand].
|
1. The extent to which skeletal involvement in hyperparathyroidism can be detected by X-ray remains an unsolved issue. The present investigation, aimed at resolving this problem, was carried out in 44 patients with primary (PHPT) and 57 subjects with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) due to terminal renal insufficiency. For comparison, 49 age-matched controls were included in this series. Subperiostal resorption of the phalanges of the hand was considered pathognomonic and graded according to a semiquantitative system using a magnifying lens. The data were compared with the serum calcium and alkaline phosphatase values. 2. Pathological subperiostal resorption was detected in 38.5% of the PHPT and in 56% of the SHPT patients while the controls showed 4% (false) positive results. A highly significant correlation between the extent of bone resorption and alkaline phosphatase was found (PHPT: r=0.80, SHPT: r=0.71, p less than 0.001). No correlation of the X-ray findings to the serum calcium could be detected. Compared to the degree of skeletal involvement demonstrated by X-ray, the alkaline phosphatase was significantly lower in SHPT than in PHPT. In PHPT on the other hand, subperiostal resorption was prominent among female patients aged over 40 years, while no prevalence for sex and age was found in the SHPT group. 3. These results demonstrate that a clinically relevant degree of bone involvement in hyperparathyroidism may be easily and reliability assessed by evaluating X-rays of the hands by means of a magnifying lens. Increased bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism appears to be paralleled by an increase of osteoblastic activity as assessed by elevation of alkaline phosphatase. In SHPT due to chronic renal failure, however, a relative osteoblastic insufficiency seems to exist. In PHPT, the prevalence of subperiostal bone resorption in women aged over 40 years may be compatible with a skeletal protecting effect of intact ovarian function (estrogens).
|
['Adult', 'Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Bone Resorption', 'Calcium', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism', 'Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoblasts', 'Radiography']
| 847,437
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355'], ['C19.642.355.480'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.329.629'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
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The potential of optimizing prehospital triage of patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction using high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and copeptin.
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PURPOSE: In patients with a suspected acute myocardial infarction (AMI), to evaluate the potential for early triage based on measurement of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) and copeptin in blood samples collected in the prehospital phase.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we measured hs-cTnT and copeptin in blood samples collected in the ambulance form 962 patients with suspected AMI. The diagnostic accuracy was estimated by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve area under the curve (AUC) for both biomarkers and a combined model. Multivariable Cox regression modelling was used to estimate the predictive value of both biomarkers.RESULTS: In total, 178 (19%) cases had AMI. The AUC for hs-cTnT was 0.81. Adding copeptin increased the AUC to 0.85 (p = 0.004) and the combined model allowed a prehospital rule-out of 45% of cases without AMI (negative predictive value, NPV 98%). Both biomarkers are highly predictive of outcome.CONCLUSIONS: A future application of hs-cTnT and copeptin measurement, performed already in the prehospital phase, could potentially improve the prehospital diagnostic and prognostic classification of patients with a suspected AMI.
|
['Aged', 'Area Under Curve', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Glycopeptides', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'ROC Curve', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Troponin T']
| 27,903,076
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['D23.101'], ['D09.400.420', 'D12.644.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D05.500.945.962', 'D05.750.078.730.825.962', 'D12.776.210.500.910.962', 'D12.776.220.525.825.962']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
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| 1
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Cost-Utility Analysis of Virtual and Mannequin-Based Simulation.
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INTRODUCTION: The purposes of this study were to (1) compare learning outcomes between students who participated in mannequin-based simulation activities and students who participated in virtual simulation activities and (2) describe a cost-utility analysis comparing the two types of simulation activities in terms of costs and multiple measures of effectiveness.METHODS: Nursing student participants were randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups to complete either a mannequin-based or virtual simulation activity. The simulation scenario was the same for both groups and involved the care of a hospitalized patient experiencing a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. Participants completed presimulation and postsimulation assessments reflecting qualitative and quantitative measures of learning. A random sample of participants from each group completed a postsimulation performance assessment during which they interacted one on one with a standardized patient.RESULTS: Eighty-four nursing students were enrolled in the study and completed the simulation activities. There were no significant differences in quantitative measures of learning or performance between participants in the mannequin-based and virtual simulation groups. Participants' qualitative responses to postintervention written reflections and questions yielded additional data for describing learning from the two interventions. In the cost-utility analysis, the virtual simulation activity had a more favorable cost-utility ratio of US $1.08 versus the mannequin-based simulation activity's US $3.62.CONCLUSIONS: Healthcare educators striving to make evidence-based decisions about how to best employ simulation pedagogy may consider these findings about the cost utility of various simulation modalities. However, additional research is needed.
|
['Clinical Competence', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Humans', 'Manikins', 'Simulation Training', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 29,373,382
|
[['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129.400', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129.400'], ['I02.903.847'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
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An efficient removal of RB5 from aqueous solution by adsorption onto nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads.
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In this study, the removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB-5) by nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads (nano-ZnO/CT-CB) from aqueous solution was investigated. ZnO nanoparticles were prepared by the via the microwave-assisted combustion technique. And then nano-ZnO/Chitosan composite beads were prepared by polymerization in the presence of nano-ZnO and chitosan. Characterization of composite beads were conducted using SEM, TEM, FTIR, TGA and XRD. Several important parameters influencing the removal of RB 5 such as contact time, pH and temperature were investigated systematically by batch experiments. At optimum conditions of pH 4 and adsorbent concentration of 0.2g, dye removal efficiency was found 76%. Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption models were used to describe adsorption isotherms and constants. The maximum adsorption capacity (qm) by Langmuir isotherm has been found to be 189.44mg/g. Isotherms have also been used to obtain the thermodynamic parameters such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy of adsorption. The positive value of the enthalpy change (32.7kJ/mol) indicated that the adsorption is an endothermic process. The obtained results showed that the tested adsorbents are efficient and alternate low-cost adsorbent for removal of dyes from aqueous media.
|
['Adsorption', 'Chitosan', 'Coloring Agents', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Nanocomposites', 'Nanoparticles', 'Naphthalenesulfonates', 'Solutions', 'Temperature', 'Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Zinc Oxide']
| 28,013,011
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D05.750.078.139.500', 'D09.698.211.500'], ['D27.720.233'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['J01.637.512.150'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650', 'D04.615.638.555'], ['D26.776'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['D01.650.550.975', 'D01.975.975']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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IL-1 receptor antagonist-deficient mice develop autoimmune arthritis due to intrinsic activation of IL-17-producing CCR2(+)Vã6(+)ãä T cells.
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Interleukin-17 (IL-17)-producing ãä T (ãä17) cells have been implicated in inflammatory diseases, but the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that both CD4(+) and ãä17 cells are required for the development of autoimmune arthritis in IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra)-deficient mice. Specifically, activated CD4(+) T cells direct ãä T-cell infiltration by inducing CCL2 expression in joints. Furthermore, IL-17 reporter mice reveal that the Vã6(+) subset of CCR2(+) ãä T cells preferentially produces IL-17 in inflamed joints. Importantly, because IL-1Ra normally suppresses IL-1R expression on ãä T cells, IL-1Ra-deficient mice exhibit elevated IL-1R expression on Vã6(+) cells, which play a critical role in inducing them to produce IL-17. Our findings demonstrate a pathogenic mechanism in which adaptive and innate immunity induce an autoimmune disease in a coordinated manner.
|
['Animals', 'Arthritis', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein', 'Interleukin-17', 'Joints', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta', 'Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 26,108,163
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114'], ['C20.111'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.374.460', 'D12.776.467.374.460', 'D23.529.374.460'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['A02.835.583'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.830'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.300.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Long-term follow-up of patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with interferon alfa.
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BACKGROUND & AIMS: Therapy with interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) leads to remission of disease in one third of patients with chronic hepatitis B. The aim of this study was to better define the long-term prognosis of this outcome.METHODS: One hundred three patients with chronic hepatitis B who underwent IFN-alpha therapy in three clinical trials between 1984 and 1991 were followed up for serological status, biochemical evidence of liver disease, and liver complications or mortality through 1994.RESULTS: Among 103 patients, 31 (30%) responded to therapy with loss of hepatitis B e antigen and viral DNA from serum. Responders were more likely than nonresponders to be women, black, and to have more severe liver disease including cirrhosis (P < 0.05). Up to 11 years (mean, 6.2 years) after therapy, a higher percentage of responders than nonresponders were still negative for hepatitis B e antigen (94% vs. 40%; P < 0.001) and hepatitis B surface antigen (71% vs 8.3%; P < 0.001). Overall, the rate of liver-related complications and death did not differ by IFN-alpha response, but with adjustment for cirrhosis, nonresponders had higher rates of liver-related complications and mortality (hazard ratio, 13.7; 95% confidence interval, 3.0-63.5).CONCLUSIONS: The response to IFN-alpha therapy in chronic hepatitis B is usually a sustained improvement in disease markers and, when cirrhosis is considered, patient outcome.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Chronic Disease', 'DNA, Viral', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Humans', 'Interferon alpha-2', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Survival Rate']
| 9,352,870
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250.500', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250.500', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 1
| 0
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Normative Data for Thyroid Stimulating Hormone for Screening of Congenital Hypothyroidism.
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OBJECTIVE: To generate normative data for thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in heel prick samples collected from newborns from 24 h to 7 d of age.METHODS: Five regional laboratories were designated as the testing laboratories. Dried blood spots (DBS) from babies (> or = 34 wk of gestation) were collected by heel prick at least after 24 h and within seven days after birth. TSH estimation was done using time resolved fluoroimmunoassay. Values above 20mIU/L were labelled as presumptive positive. Hour interval specific normative data was categorized at 6 h intervals. Another category placed was division into 24-72 h category, 73-96 h and 99-168 h. Percentile charts were calculated across these specified intervals.RESULTS: Samples analysed were 104,006 collected cumulatively from the 5 centers. Of the total samples analysed for TSH, 92.8% had values less than 5 mIU/l. When TSH values were interpreted with respect to time, a steady decrease with time was observed. Of the babies' samples, 48,839 were collected between 24 and 48 h, 23,983 between 49 to 72 h and 30,883 were collected after 72 h. The mean TSH concentration demonstrated a steady decline from 24 h to 168 h. It is apparent that 10 mIU/l is the 97.5th percentile value even when corrected for gender, birth weight and age at sampling. Thus 10 mIU/l seems to be the right cutoff beyond which a second sample should be sought.CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest series reported with a broader population mix with representations of both urban (including slums) as well as a rural population. As this study excluded preterm babies, the utility of cut offs generated is not applicable to this subset and also to critically sick neonates. However, this study gives a true representation of the normative values for majority of the newborns born at term with weight appropriate for the gestation.
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['Congenital Hypothyroidism', 'Humans', 'India', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Neonatal Screening', 'Poverty Areas', 'Reference Values', 'Rural Population', 'Thyrotropin', 'Urban Population']
| 29,479,653
|
[['C05.116.099.343.347', 'C05.116.132.256', 'C16.320.240.625', 'C19.297.155', 'C19.874.482.281'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.225.910', 'E01.370.500.580', 'E05.200.910', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443.816', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500.575', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580.580', 'N06.850.780.500.580'], ['I01.880.853.996.535.550', 'N01.824.600.550'], ['E05.978.810'], ['N01.600.725'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['N01.600.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
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p-Tolyl isocyanate derivatization for analysis of CWC-related polar degradation products by mass spectrometry.
|
Most of the precursors and/or degradation products related to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) are polar. Identification of these molecules in environmental samples provides clues regarding the alleged usage and/or synthesis of the parent toxic chemicals. Such polar compounds need to be derivatized in order to analyze them by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In this study, we developed a new derivatizing reagent, para-tolyl isocyanate (PTI), for derivatization of polar CWC-related compounds. The PTI reagent selectively derivatizes the -OH and/or-SH functional groups with high efficiency, but does not react with carboxylic acid (-COOH) or phosphonic acid (-(O)P(OH)2) groups. The PTI derivatives of dialkyl aminoethanols, dialkyl aminoethanol-N-oxides, and 3-quinuclidinol were successfully eluted through GC, and their electron ionization (EI) mass spectra were distinct and provided the structure information by which the isomeric compounds can be easily distinguished. We also calculated the GC-retention index values that can be used for further confirmation of the target compounds. All the studied PTI derivatives can be analyzed by EI-MS with direct insertion probe and/or by direct electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) together with the MS-MS data; both sets of data provide full structure information. The PTI reagent was found to be better in some respects than the conventional bistrimethylsilyl trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), a trimethyl silylating reagent. The PTI reagent is commercially available, and the PTI derivatives are highly stable for months and are not sensitive to moisture. The applicability of the PTI derivatization for trace-level determination of the target CWC-related polar compounds in environmental matrices and in human plasma samples is also evaluated.
|
['Chemical Warfare Agents', 'Ethanolamines', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Humans', 'Hydroxides', 'Isocyanates', 'Quinuclidines', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Static Electricity', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds']
| 24,553,658
|
[['D27.720.777.300', 'D27.888.569.612.150', 'J01.637.870.900.200'], ['D02.033.100.291', 'D02.033.375.291', 'D02.092.063.291'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.045.250', 'D01.248.497.158.459'], ['D02.500'], ['D03.605.687'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['D02.886.489']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biomass accumulation patterns for removing volatile organic compounds in rotating drum biofilters.
|
A rotating drum biofilter (RDB) with multi-layered foam media was developed for the improvement of current biofiltration technology. The biofilter was used to investigate the effects of organic loadings and influent volatile organic compound (VOC) concentrations on VOC removal efficiency and biomass accumulation. These effects were evaluated using diethyl ether and toluene separately as model VOCs at an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 30 s. When the toluene loading increased from 2.0 to 4.0 and 8.0 kgCOD m(-3) day(-1), toluene removal efficiency of the biofilter decreased from over 99% to 78% and 74%, respectively. The biomass distribution was found to be more even within the medium when removing toluene than when removing diethyl ether. Higher organic loading also resulted in the more even distribution of the biomass. The ratios of biomass accumulation rates in the medium of the outermost, middle and innermost layers ranged from 1:0.11:0.02 when removing diethyl ether at 2.0 kgCOD m(-3) day(-1) to 1:0.69:0.51 when removing toluene at 8.0 kgCOD m(-3) day(-1). Review of these ratios revealed three biomass accumulation patterns: surface pattern, in-depth pattern and shallow pattern. Different patterns represent different removal mechanisms in the biofiltration process. Improved biofilter design and operation should be based on the biomass accumulation pattern.
|
['Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Biomass', 'Bioreactors', 'Filtration', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Toluene', 'Volatilization', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification']
| 14,682,574
|
[['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['E05.196.454', 'G01.280', 'G02.263'], ['D02'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832'], ['G01.645.750', 'G02.734.933'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of the monooxygenase activity inhibitor ketoconazole on cholesterol esterification in mouse peritoneal macrophages].
|
In order to determine the feasible role of monooxygenases in regulation of the macrophage acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity, the effects of ketoconazole on the activities of benz(a)pyrene hydroxylase and ACAT as well as on the [14C]oleate incorporation into cholesterol esters in cultured mouse peritoneal macrophages (MPM) were studied. Ketoconazole (0.5-50 M) inhibited the benz(a)pyrene hydroxylase activity but increased the free cholesterol (FC) level in MPM cultured with an acetylated low density lipoprotein (acetyl-LDL). An addition of ketoconazole (1-50 M) eliminated the increase in the rate of FC esterification after incubation of MPM with acetyl-LDL (but not with 25-hydroxycholesterol). In contrast, progesterone, an ACAT activity inhibitor, used at 5-30 M diminished the rate of FC esterification, when MPM were incubated with acetyl-LDL of 25-hydroxycholesterol. Ketoconazole provoked a dose-dependent decrease of the [3H]FC incorporation into macrophage polar oxysteroids. The data obtained suggest that the ketoconazole (1-30 M) effect on FC esterification in MPM cultured with acetyl-LDL is determined by its inhibiting monooxygenases, which produce oxidized forms of FC that are potential activators of ACAT.
|
['Animals', 'Benzopyrene Hydroxylase', 'Cholesterol Esters', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Ketoconazole', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Oleic Acid', 'Oleic Acids', 'Oxygenases', 'Peritoneal Cavity', 'Progesterone', 'Sterol O-Acyltransferase']
| 2,078,637
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.244.453.005.110', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.110', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.110'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284.200', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197.200', 'D10.570.938.208.250'], ['D27.505.389.500', 'D27.505.519.389.335'], ['E05.481'], ['D03.383.606.560'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D10.251.355.325.600.525'], ['D10.251.355.325.600'], ['D08.811.682.690'], ['A01.923.047.025.600.678'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['D08.811.913.050.799']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptor mRNA levels in rat brain following antipsychotic treatment.
|
The effects of administration of antipsychotic drugs (1-32 days, twice per day) on the rat brain mRNA levels of dopamine D1, D2 and D3 receptors has been assessed by a novel procedure utilising solution hybridisation with oligonucleotides. Saline and sulpiride (10 mg/kg/injection) had no effect on D1, D2 and D3 receptor mRNA levels. Haloperidol (1.5 mg/kg/injection) elicited increases in D1, D2 and D3 receptor mRNA levels of 100%, 100% and 300% respectively, after 32 days and loxapine (2 mg/kg/injection) elicited increases of 450%, 150% and 550%, respectively. These results indicate that the up-regulation of dopamine receptors may be associated with the occurrence of tardive dyskinesia but not the clinical mode of action of antipsychotics.
|
['Animals', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Haloperidol', 'Loxapine', 'Male', 'Oligonucleotides', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Receptors, Dopamine D1', 'Receptors, Dopamine D2', 'Receptors, Dopamine D3', 'Sulpiride']
| 1,349,752
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['D02.522.352.506'], ['D03.633.300.347.500'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400.500.249', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400.500.249'], ['D02.065.277.866', 'D02.241.223.100.100.866', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.866']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Trypsin digest coupled with two-dimensional shotgun proteomics reveals the involvement of multiple signaling pathways in functional remodeling of late-gestation uteri in rats.
|
Pregnant uteri become quiescent after functional remodeling but details are not fully known. Here we revealed uterine proteins of late-gestation rats by 2-D shotgun proteomic analysis and correlated protein expression with uterine functions. After duplication, 239 proteins were identified. About 190 proteins commonly found in duplicate analyses were subjected to functional annotation. The proteins associated with signal transduction fell into three known pathways. Western blotting and functional data indicated that: (i) a reduction of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase-related proteins was associated with the decrease of contraction rate, (ii) a reduction of tyrosine hydroxylase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory chain (PKARII alpha) was associated with an increase in the relaxation response to 8-bromo-cAMP, and (iii) in the presence of Ras, an increased expression of nucleolin was associated with the elevation of Bcl-xL, an antiapoptotic protein. In conclusion, 2-D shotgun proteomic analysis provides a global database of uterine proteins for hypothesis-driven studies. Our data suggest that in late-gestation uteri down-regulation of PKARII alpha and Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase may cause functional remodeling and lead to uterine quiescent. Up-regulation of antiapoptotic proteins (nucleolin and Bcl-xL) in the Ras-mediated pathway may maintain cell survival and counteract cell loss during remodeling.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Pregnancy', 'Proteome', 'Proteomics', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Trypsin', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase', 'Uterus']
| 18,654,981
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.125.875', 'D12.644.360.200.125.875', 'D12.776.476.200.125.875'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D12.776.817'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925'], ['A05.360.319.679']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The antimicrobial peptide snakin-2 is upregulated in the defense response of tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum) as part of the jasmonate-dependent signaling pathway.
|
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced by all living organisms and play an important role in innate immunity because they are readily available and non-specific against invading pathogenic microorganisms. Snakin-2 (SN2) from tomato is a short, cationic peptide that forms lethal pores in biomembranes of microbes. In plant cells, SN2 is produced as a prepeptide with a signal sequence for ER targeting and an acidic region to decrease toxicity in the producing organism. Gene expression analysis by qRT-PCR in tomato plants demonstrated that SN2 is constitutively expressed, mostly in leaves and flowers. After fungal infection, wounding, or external application of phytohormones (such as methyl jasmonate, MeJa) operating in the JA-dependent defense response, a systemic reaction with an elevated expression of the SN2 gene is triggered in all parts of tomato plants. Abiotic stress factors like extreme temperatures or dehydration do not affect SN2 expression. Upon wounding, the expression of SN2 and LoxD are strongly enhanced in tomato fruits. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the protein level of bioactive SN2 is also increased upon application of methyl jasmonate in tomato seedlings.
|
['Acetates', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Cyclopentanes', 'Flowers', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Oxylipins', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Growth Regulators', 'Plant Immunity', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plant Roots', 'Plant Shoots', 'Seedlings', 'Signal Transduction', 'Up-Regulation']
| 27,888,675
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.450'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['G05.308.375'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['D10.251.355.645'], ['G15.610'], ['D27.505.696.377.760'], ['G12.450.800', 'G15.630'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.400'], ['A18.024.875'], ['A18.550', 'B01.650.819'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antigenic characterization of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein precursor incorporated into nanodiscs.
|
The entry of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) into host cells is mediated by the viral envelope glycoproteins (Envs), which are derived by the proteolytic cleavage of a trimeric gp160 Env precursor. The mature Env trimer is a major target for entry inhibitors and vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies. Env interstrain variability, conformational flexibility and heavy glycosylation contribute to evasion of the host immune response, and create challenges for structural characterization and vaccine development. Here we investigate variables associated with reconstitution of the HIV-1 Env precursor into nanodiscs, nanoscale lipid bilayer discs enclosed by membrane scaffolding proteins. We identified detergents, as well as lipids similar in composition to the viral lipidome, that allowed efficient formation of Env-nanodiscs (Env-NDs). Env-NDs were created with the full-length Env precursor and with an Env precursor with the majority of the cytoplasmic tail intact. The self-association of Env-NDs was decreased by glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The Env-NDs exhibited an antigenic profile expected for the HIV-1 Env precursor. Env-NDs were recognized by broadly neutralizing antibodies. Of note, neutralizing antibody epitopes in the gp41 membrane-proximal external region and in the gp120:gp41 interface were well exposed on Env-NDs compared with Env expressed on cell surfaces. Most Env epitopes recognized by non-neutralizing antibodies were masked on the Env-NDs. This antigenic profile was stable for several days, exhibiting a considerably longer half-life than that of Env solubilized in detergents. Negative selection with weak neutralizing antibodies could be used to improve the antigenic profile of the Env-NDs. Finally, we show that lipid adjuvants can be incorporated into Env-NDs. These results indicate that Env-NDs represent a potentially useful platform for investigating the structural, functional and antigenic properties of the HIV-1 Env trimer in a membrane context.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Line', 'Cricetulus', 'Epitopes', 'HIV Antibodies', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp160', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp41', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Nanostructures', 'Virus Internalization']
| 28,151,945
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.150.440', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.150.440'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.374', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.750', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.374'], ['D12.776.543.512.500.330', 'D12.776.964.775.325.164.200', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.200', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.200', 'D12.776.964.970.880.910.330', 'D23.050.327.520.330'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['J01.637.512'], ['G06.920.881']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development and Application of a Machine Learning Approach to Assess Short-term Mortality Risk Among Patients With Cancer Starting Chemotherapy.
|
Importance: Patients with cancer who die soon after starting chemotherapy incur costs of treatment without the benefits. Accurately predicting mortality risk before administering chemotherapy is important, but few patient data-driven tools exist.Objective: To create and validate a machine learning model that predicts mortality in a general oncology cohort starting new chemotherapy, using only data available before the first day of treatment.Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study of patients at a large academic cancer center from January 1, 2004, through December 31, 2014, determined date of death by linkage to Social Security data. The model was derived using data from 2004 through 2011, and performance was measured on nonoverlapping data from 2012 through 2014. The analysis was conducted from June 1 through August 1, 2017. Participants included 26 946 patients starting 51 774 new chemotherapy regimens.Main Outcomes and Measures: Thirty-day mortality from the first day of a new chemotherapy regimen. Secondary outcomes included model discrimination by predicted mortality risk decile among patients receiving palliative chemotherapy, and 180-day mortality from the first day of a new chemotherapy regimen.Results: Among the 26 946 patients included in the analysis, mean age was 58.7 years (95% CI, 58.5-58.9 years); 61.1% were female (95% CI, 60.4%-61.9%); and 86.9% were white (95% CI, 86.4%-87.4%). Thirty-day mortality from chemotherapy start was 2.1% (95% CI, 1.9%-2.4%). Among the 9114 patients in the validation set, the most common primary cancers were breast (21.1%; 95% CI, 20.2%-21.9%), colorectal (19.3%; 95% CI, 18.5%-20.2%), and lung (18.0%; 95% CI, 17.2%-18.8%). Model predictions were accurate for all patients (area under the curve [AUC], 0.940; 95% CI, 0.930-0.951). Predictions for patients starting palliative chemotherapy (46.6% of regimens; 95% CI, 45.8%-47.3%), for whom prognosis is particularly important, remained highly accurate (AUC, 0.924; 95% CI, 0.910-0.939). To illustrate model discrimination, patients were ranked initiating palliative chemotherapy by model-predicted mortality risk, and observed mortality was calculated by risk decile. Thirty-day mortality in the highest-risk decile was 22.6% (95% CI, 19.6%-25.6%); in the lowest-risk decile, no patients died. Predictions remained accurate across all primary cancers, stages, and chemotherapies, even for clinical trial regimens that first appeared in years after the model was trained (AUC, 0.942; 95% CI, 0.882-1.000). The same model also performed well for prediction of 180-day mortality (AUC for all patients, 0.870 [95% CI, 0.862-0.877]; highest- vs lowest-risk decile mortality, 74.8% [95% CI, 72.7%-77.0%] vs 0.2% [95% CI, 0.01%-0.4%]). Predictions were more accurate than estimates from randomized clinical trials of individual chemotherapies or the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data set.Conclusions and Relevance: A machine learning algorithm using electronic health record data accurately predicted short-term mortality among patients starting chemotherapy. Further research is necessary to determine the generalizability and feasibility of applying this algorithm in clinical settings.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Machine Learning', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Time Factors']
| 30,646,043
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rickettsiales Occurrence and Co-occurrence in Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Natural and Urban Areas.
|
Bacteria of Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae families include disease agents spread by Ixodes ricinus ticks, the most common tick vector in Europe. The aim of the study was to compare the prevalence and co-infection prevalence of particular tick-transmitted Rickettsiales members: Rickettsia spp. (further referred as Rs), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap), and "Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis" (CNM) in I. ricinus ticks in two types of areas, different in terms of human impact: natural and urban. Using additional data, we aimed at investigating co-occurrence of these Rickettsiales with Borreliella spp. A total of 4189 tick specimens, 2363 from the urban area (Warsaw park and forests) and 1826 from the natural area (forests and park in the vicinity of National Parks), were tested for the presence of Rickettsiales DNA by PCRs. The prevalence of selected Rickettsiales was twice higher in urban than natural areas (13.2% vs. 6.9%, respectively). In total ticks, the prevalence of Rs, Ap, and CNM was 6.5%, 5.3%, and 3.6% in urban areas vs. 4.4%, 1.1%, and 2.1% in natural areas, respectively. Co-infections of Rickettsiales were also more prevalent in urban areas (2.6% vs. 0.3%, respectively). The most common Rs was R. helvetica; also R. monacensis and novel "Candidatus Rickettsia mendelii" were detected. Positive association between Ap and CNM infections was discovered. Rickettsiales bacteria occurrence was not associated with Borreliella occurrence, but co-infections with these two groups were more common in ticks in urban areas. In conclusion, three groups of Rickettsiales constituted the important part of the tick pathogen community in Poland, especially in the urbanized central Poland (Mazovia). In the Warsaw agglomeration, there is a greater risk of encountering the I. ricinus tick infected with Rickettsiales and co-infected with Lyme spirochaetes, in comparison to natural areas. This finding raises the question whether cities might in fact be the hot spots for TBDs.
|
['Animals', 'Borrelia', 'Forests', 'Ixodes', 'Parks, Recreational', 'Poland', 'Rickettsiales']
| 30,327,827
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.440.425.410.711.193', 'B03.851.595.193'], ['G16.500.275.157.437', 'N06.230.124.343'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.832.400.425'], ['J03.925.680'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['B03.440.664', 'B03.660.050.783']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Proteomic and mass spectroscopic quantitation of protein S-nitrosation differentiates NO-donors.
|
Protein S-nitrosation has been argued to be the most important signaling pathway mediating the bioactivity of NO. This post-translational modification of protein thiols is the result of chemical nitrosation of cysteine residues. The term NO-donors covers very different chemical classes, from clinical therapeutics to probes of routine use in chemical biology; their different chemistry is predicted to result in distinctive biology regulated by protein S-nitrosation. To measure the extent of protein S-nitrosation by NO-donors, a proteomic mass spectrometry method was developed, which quantitates free thiol versus nitrosothiol for each modified cysteine residue, coined d-Switch. This method is adapted from the biotin switch (BST) method, used extensively to identify S-nitrosated proteins in complex biological mixtures; however, BST does not quantitate free thiol. Since glutathione-S-transferase P1-1 (GST-P1) has been proposed to be a biological "NO-carrier", GST-P1 was used as a reporter protein. The 5 different chemical classes of NO-donors compared by d-Switch demonstrated very different profiles of protein S-nitrosation and response to O(2) and cysteine, although all NO-donors were oxidants toward GST-P1. The low limits of detection and the ability to use established MS database searching allowed facile generalization of the d-Switch method. Therefore after incubation of neuronal cell cultures with nitrosothiol, it was possible to quantitate not only S-nitrosation of GST-P1 but also many other proteins, including novel targets such as ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1 (UCHL1). Moreover, d-Switch also allowed identification of non-nitrosated proteins and quantitation of degree of nitrosation for individual protein thiols.
|
['Biotin', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cysteine', 'Glutathione S-Transferase pi', 'Humans', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Nitrosation', 'Proteins', 'Proteomics', 'S-Nitrosoglutathione', 'S-Nitrosothiols']
| 20,524,644
|
[['D03.383.129.308.080', 'D08.211.096'], ['A11.251'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D08.811.913.225.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.566'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['G02.111.595', 'G02.607.598', 'G03.558'], ['D12.776'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738'], ['D02.654.846.500.249', 'D02.886.489.650.750', 'D12.644.456.448.750'], ['D02.654.846.500', 'D02.886.489.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of maximal cytoreductive surgery plus regional heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) on outcome of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis of gastric origin: results of the GYMSSA trial.
|
BACKGROUND: A prospective randomized trial was conducted to compare the impact of systemic chemotherapy versus multi-modality therapy (complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS), hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), and systemic chemotherapy) on overall survival (OS) in patients with gastric carcinomatosis.METHODS: Patients with measurable metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma involving the peritoneum, and resectable to "no evidence of disease" were randomized to gastrectomy, metastasectomy, HIPEC, and systemic FOLFOXIRI (GYMS arm) or FOLFOXIRI alone (SA arm).RESULTS: Seventeen patients were enrolled (16 evaluable); 7 of 9 patients in the multi-modality GYMS arm achieved complete cytoreduction (CCR0). Median OS was 11.3 months in the GYMS arm and 4.3 months in the SA arm. Four patients in the GYMS arm survived >12 months, 2 patients close to 2 years at last follow-up, and 1 patient more than 4 years, with 2 of these patients still alive. No patient in the SA arm lived beyond 11 months. All patients surviving beyond 12 months in the surgery arm achieved complete cytoreduction and had an initial Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) of ? 15.CONCLUSION: Maximal cytoreductive surgery combined with regional (HIPEC) and systemic chemotherapy in selected patients with gastric carcinomatosis and limited disease burden can achieve prolonged survival.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Camptothecin', 'Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Hyperthermia, Induced', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Leucovorin', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organoplatinum Compounds', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms', 'Peritoneum', 'Prospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 25,042,700
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D03.132.151'], ['E02.319.267.200', 'E04.292.425'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.565'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.400.800.350.450', 'D08.211.840.300.500'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.788'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620'], ['A01.923.047.025.600', 'A10.615.789.596'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Protein expression from an Escherichia coli/Bacillus subtilis multifunctional shuttle plasmid with synthetic promoter sequences.
|
A plasmid shuttle vector (pSP10) was designed and constructed to simplify screening of cloned DNA and to facilitate expression of the protein products. The plasmid contained the following features: (i) a selection gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase; (ii) an indicator gene encoding beta-galactosidase for visual identification of colonies containing DNA inserts; (iii) a cloning region immediately upstream from the indicator gene; (iv) origins of replication recognized by both Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis; and (v) a synthetic DNA expression control sequence, including -35 and -10 regions, ribosomal binding site, and transcriptional and translational start sites. The promoter region is a synthetic consensus sequence derived from published B. subtilis promoters. The plasmid has been shown to replicate actively in E. coli and B. subtilis and to confer chloramphenicol resistance to both hosts. DNA inserted at the cloning region inactivates the indicator gene, resulting in white colonies on 5'-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside plates. beta-Galactosidase has been expressed from pSP10 in both E. coli and B. subtilis. A comparison was made of the expression levels of beta-galactosidase from the same plasmid which had been modified to contain: (i) the synthetic control region, (ii) no promoter region, (iii) the synthetic control region cloned in the opposite orientation, or (iv) the tac promoter.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Consensus Sequence', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Synthetic', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Kanamycin Resistance', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plasmids', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 1,392,613
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.811.913.050.134.170'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G02.111.570.580.175'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.465'], ['G05.360.337'], ['G06.099.225.875', 'G06.225.347.875', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.875'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hemodynamic impacts of various types of stenosis in the left coronary artery bifurcation: a patient-specific analysis.
|
This study investigates the hemodynamic changes to various types of coronary stenosis in the left coronary artery bifurcation, based on a patient-specific analysis. Twenty two patients with left coronary artery disease were included in this study. All stenoses involving the left coronary artery bifurcation were classified into four types, according to their locations: A) left circumflex (LCx) and left anterior descending (LAD), B) LCx only, C) left main stem only, and D) LAD only. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was performed to analyze the flow and wall shear stress (WSS) changes in all reconstructed left coronary geometries. Our results showed that the flow velocity and WSS were significantly increased at stenotic locations. High WSS was found at >70% lumen stenosis, which ranged from 2.5 Pa to 3.5 Pa. This study demonstrates that in patients with more than 50% stenosis in the left coronary artery bifurcation, WSS plays an important role in providing information about the extent of coronary atherosclerosis in the left coronary artery branch.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Stenosis', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Precision Medicine', 'Shear Strength', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 23,453,845
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.285', 'C14.907.585.250.285'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.782', 'H02.403.200.700'], ['G01.374.820'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
New record of Hydrozoa Distichopora violacea (Pallas, 1766) (Anthoathecata: Stylasteridae) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.
|
The class Hydrozoa consists of mostly marine and few freshwater organisms classified into 7 orders amongst which the order Anthoathecata consists of 48 families with approximately 1,140 valid species (Cartwright Collins 2007). Stylasteridae is one among the families that comprises the order Anthoathecata, and is characterized by a calcareous exoskeleton which is often brightly pigmented. The members of the family are commonly called lace corals. They are usually small in size and commonly found in crevices and caves in coral reef areas.
|
['Animals', 'Anthozoa', 'Hydrozoa', 'India', 'Islands', 'Records']
| 30,485,988
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.308.237'], ['B01.050.500.308.485'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['G16.500.275.505', 'N06.230.295', 'Z01.639'], ['E05.318.308.940', 'L01.399.250.900', 'N04.452.859', 'N05.715.360.300.715', 'N06.850.520.308.940']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Expansion of range of joint motion following treatment of systemic sclerosis with tocilizumab.
|
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) presents stiffness of extremities due to sclerosis of the tissue especially at fingers, hands, and forearms. Here we report the case of a patient with diffuse cutaneous SSc who was administered anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab (TCZ). Skin condition of SSc is evaluated by pinching the skin according to the Rodnan skin score, but sometimes tissue atrophy results in overestimation of the condition. To understand how the extremities softened after initiation of TCZ, we observed mobility of extremities. Range of motion (ROM) of joints was measured every four months after initiation of TCZ. The patient presented not only reduction of Rodnan score but also amelioration of mobility of extremities. The Rodnan skin score reduced from 35 to 7 within sixteen months, and ROM of most joints except ankle was expanded.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Joints', 'Middle Aged', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,533,556
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sex Differences in Pulmonary Responses to Ozone in Mice. Role of the Microbiome.
|
We have previously reported that the mouse gut microbiome contributes to pulmonary responses to ozone, a common asthma trigger, and that short-chain fatty acids, end products of bacterial fermentation, likely contribute to this role of the microbiome. A growing body of evidence indicates that there are sex-related differences in gut microbiota and these differences can have important functional consequences. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are sex-related differences in the impact of the gut microbiota on pulmonary responses to ozone. After acute exposure to ozone, male mice developed greater airway hyperresponsiveness than female mice. This difference was abolished after antibiotic ablation of the gut microbiome. Moreover, weanling female pups housed in cages conditioned by adult male mice developed greater ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness than weanling female pups raised in cages conditioned by adult females. Finally, ad libitum oral administration via drinking water of the short-chain fatty acid propionate resulted in augmented ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in male, but not female, mice. Overall, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that the microbiome contributes to sex differences in ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness, likely as a result of sex differences in the response to short-chain fatty acids.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Fatty Acids, Volatile', 'Female', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microbiota', 'Ozone', 'Propionates', 'Respiratory Hypersensitivity', 'Sex Factors']
| 30,240,285
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D10.251.400'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G06.591', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['C08.674', 'C20.543.480.680'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Use of Remote Monitoring Is Associated With Lower Risk of Adverse Outcomes Among Patients With Implanted Cardiac Defibrillators.
|
BACKGROUND: We examined the association between the use of remote patient monitoring (RPM) of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) and all-cause mortality and rehospitalization among patients undergoing initial ICD implant.METHODS AND RESULTS: A limited data set was constructed from Boston Scientific ALTITUDE Registry and National Cardiovascular Data Registry ICD Registry between January 2006 and March 2010. Vital status was determined using the Social Security Death Master File. All-cause mortality up to 3 years was compared in patients who used RPM with those who did not use RPM. Time-dependent frailty Cox models quantified the association between RPM use and all-cause mortality. Analyses were repeated in subgroups based on age, sex, race, ICD type, indication, and cardiomyopathy pathogenesis. Similar methodology examined the association between RPM use and all-cause rehospitalization in patients enrolled in Medicare fee-for-service patients ?65 years. The study cohort (n=37,742, age 67±13, 72% male) had a 3-year mortality of 20.9% (median follow-up 832 days). In multivariable analyses, patients using RPM (n=22,023, 58%) had lower risk of mortality compared with those not using RPM (hazard ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.64-0.71, P<0.0001). The 3-year all-cause rehospitalization rate in the Medicare population (n=15,254) was 69.3% (median follow-up 922 days). Risk of rehospitalization of patients using RPM (n=9150, 60%) was lower than those not using RPM (hazard ratio 0.82, 95% confidence interval 0.80-0.84, P<0.0001). Findings were consistent across subgroups.CONCLUSIONS: Among patients undergoing initial ICD implant, RPM use is associated with significantly lower risk of adverse outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Comorbidity', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Readmission', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis']
| 26,092,577
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.238'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Drugs that induce systemic lupus erythematosus inhibit complement component C4.
|
The syndrome resembling systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with long-term treatment with hydralazine and isoniazid seems to be due to the drugs themselves rather than their metabolites. This syndrome is associated with deposition of immune complexes; and in the complement system inhibition of C4 is likely to increase deposition of immune complexes. In vitro, hydralazine and isoniazid inhibited 50% of the binding of C4 at 840 mumol/l and 1.05 mmol/l, respectively--ie, within the concentration ranges that have been used in therapy. Acetylated metabolites were not inhibitory at the maximum concentrations tested; and iproniazid, which does not cause SLE, gave 50% inhibition only at a concentration far exceeding that used in therapy.
|
['Acetylation', 'Complement C4', 'Complement Pathway, Classical', 'Humans', 'Hydralazine', 'Iproniazid', 'Isoniazid', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Phenylhydrazines']
| 6,147,500
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.350'], ['G12.274.698'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.710.605.500'], ['D02.442.372', 'D03.066.349.390', 'D03.383.725.394.414'], ['D02.442.436', 'D03.066.349.410', 'D03.383.725.394.582'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['D02.442.726']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chromium(III)-induced structural changes and self-assembly of collagen.
|
Rat tail tendon (RTT) collagen has been reacted with a homologous series of chromium(III) complexes viz., (H2O)(4)Cr(OH)(2)Cr(H2O)(4+)(4) 1 (dimer), Cr(3)(OH)(4)(H2O)(5+)(9) 2 (trimer), and Cr(4)(OH)(4)(O2)(H2O)(4+)(12) 3 (tetramer), and the structural alterations brought about by these complexes have been investigated through atomic force microscopy (AFM) and circular dichroism (CD) studies. Examination of Cr(III)-treated tendons using AFM revealed changes in the D-periodicity of collagen, which may arise due to differences in the topological distribution of various Cr(III) complexes. Evidence for organisation of monomeric collagen into quarter staggered fibrils in the presence of Cr(III) dimer, 1, has been obtained. The quaternary structural changes induced by chromium in the protein have been correlated to the conformational changes of collagen in the absence of denaturation.
|
['Acetic Acid', 'Animals', 'Chromium Compounds', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Collagen', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary', 'Rats']
| 11,322,793
|
[['D02.241.081.018.165', 'D10.251.400.045.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.220'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ciclosporin A proof of concept study in patients with active, progressive HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.
|
INTRODUCTION: Patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) become progressively impaired, with chronic pain, immobility and bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction. Tested antiretroviral therapies have not been effective and most patients are offered a short course of corticosteroids or interferon-á, physiotherapy and symptomatic management. Pathogenesis studies implicate activated T-lymphocytes and cytokines in tissue damage. We therefore tested the hypothesis that inhibition of T-cell activation with ciclosporin A would be safe and clinically beneficial in patients with early and/or clinically progressing HAM/TSP.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Open label, proof of concept, pilot study of 48 weeks therapy with the calcineurin antagonist, ciclosporin A (CsA), in seven patients with 'early' (<two years) or 'progressive' (>50% deterioration in timed walk during the preceding three months) HAM/TSP. Primary outcomes were incidence of clinical failure at 48 weeks and time to clinical failure.RESULTS: All patients completed 72 weeks study participation and five showed objective evidence of clinical improvement after 3 months treatment with CsA. Two patients exhibited clinical failure over 6.4 person-years of follow-up to week 48. One patient had a >2 point deterioration in IPEC (Insituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas) disability score at weeks 8 and 12, and then stopped treatment. The other stopped treatment at week 4 because of headache and tremor and deterioration in timed walk, which occurred at week 45. Overall pain, mobility, spasticity and bladder function improved by 48 weeks. Two patients recommenced CsA during follow-up due to relapse.CONCLUSIONS: These data provide initial evidence that treatment with CsA is safe and may partially reverse the clinical deterioration seen in patients with early/progressive HAM/TSP. This trial supports further investigation of this agent's safety and effectiveness in larger, randomised controlled studies in carefully selected patients with disease progression.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cyclosporine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic', 'Pilot Projects', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,720,101
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.207.618.500', 'C01.925.782.815.200.470.710', 'C10.228.228.618.500', 'C10.228.854.525.700'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pollination ecology of the Neotropical gesneriad Gloxinia perennis: chemical composition and temporal fluctuation of floral perfume.
|
Although common among orchids, pollination by perfume-gathering male euglossine bees is quite rare in other Neotropical families. In Gesneriaceae, for example, it is reported in two genera only, Drymonia and Gloxinia. Flowers of G. perennis are known to emit perfume, thereby attracting male euglossine bees as pollinators. However, detailed reports on the pollination ecology, as well as on chemistry of floral perfume of individuals in natural populations, are still missing. In this study, we report on the pollination ecology of G. perennis, focusing on the ecological significance of its floral perfume. In natural populations in Peru, we documented the floral biology and breeding system of G. perennis, as well as its interaction with flower visitors. We also characterised the chemical composition of floral perfume, as well as its timing of emission. Gloxinia perennis is self-compatible and natural pollination success is high. Spontaneous self-pollination occurs as a 'just in case strategy' when pollinators are scarce. Perfume-collecting males of Eulaema cingulata and El. meriana were identified as pollinators. The perfume bouquet of G. perennis consists of 16 compounds. (E)-Carvone epoxide (41%) and limonene (23%) are the major constituents. Perfume emission is higher at 09:00 h, matching the activity peak of Eulaema pollinators. Flowers of G. perennis have evolved a mixed strategy to ensure pollination (i.e. self- and cross-pollination), but cross-pollination is favoured. The size and behaviour of Eulaema males enables only these bees to successfully cross-pollinate G. perennis. Furthermore, G. perennis floral perfume traits (i.e. chemistry and timing of emission) have evolved to optimise the attraction of these bees.
|
['Animals', 'Bees', 'Ecology', 'Flowers', 'Lamiales', 'Peru', 'Pheromones', 'Pollination', 'Time Factors']
| 30,734,450
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583'], ['Z01.107.757.702'], ['D23.641'], ['G08.686.784.743', 'G15.776'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Predictive visual search: Role of environmental regularities in the learning of context cues.
|
Repeatedly searching through invariant spatial arrangements in visual search displays leads to the buildup of memory about these displays (contextual-cueing effect). In the present study, we investigate (1) whether contextual cueing is influenced by global statistical properties of the task and, if so, (2) whether these properties increase the overall strength (asymptotic level) or the temporal development (speed) of learning. Experiment 1a served as baseline against which we tested the effects of increased or decreased proportions of repeated relative to nonrepeated displays (Experiments 1b and 1c, respectively), thus manipulating the global statistical properties of search environments. Importantly, probability variations were achieved by manipulating the number of nonrepeated (baseline) displays so as to equate the total number of repeated displays across experiments. In Experiment 1d, repeated and nonrepeated displays were presented in longer streaks of trials, thus establishing a stable environment of sequences of repeated displays. Our results showed that the buildup of contextual cueing was expedited in the statistically rich Experiments 1b and 1d, relative to the baseline Experiment 1a. Further, contextual cueing was entirely absent when repeated displays occurred in the minority of trials (Experiment 1c). Together, these findings suggest that contextual cueing is modulated by observers' assumptions about the reliability of search environments.
|
['Adult', 'Cues', 'Environment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Reaction Time', 'Repetition Priming', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 29,600,489
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.425.540.739'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cdx2 expression in pancreatic tumors: Relationship with prognosis of invasive ductal carcinomas.
|
We have previously reported that Caudal-related homeobox gene 2 (Cdx2) is a useful prognostic intestinal phenotypic marker for advanced gastric cancers. In this study, we examined Cdx2 expression and phenotype in pancreatic tumors. We evaluated 19 mucinous cystic tumors (MCTs), 17 intraductal papillary-mucinous tumors (IPMTs), and 41 invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) with regard to their gastrointestinal phenotype. The expression of Cdx2 was also assessed immunohistochemically. The lesions were phenotypically divided into 39 gastric (G type), 29 gastric and intestinal mixed (GI type), 3 intestinal (I type), and 6 null (N type) types, independent of the histopathological type. Most of the pancreatic tumors were thus judged to be the positive for gastric phenotypic members. Cdx2 nuclear staining demonstrated a close relation to the intestinal phenotypic expression in all three types (MCTs, IPMTs, and IDCs; p<0.05). In IDCs, Kaplan-Meier analysis of Cdx2 expression showed the Cdx2-positive group to have a significantly better outcome than their negative counterparts (p=0.015). In conclusion, our data suggest that Cdx2 might be necessary for intestinal phenotypic expression even in pancreatic tumor cells. In addition, Cdx2 expression in IDCs may be a novel prognostic marker for patient survival.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'CDX2 Transcription Factor', 'Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal', 'Female', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Phenotype', 'Prognosis', 'Survival Analysis']
| 15,547,744
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.260.400.140', 'D12.776.660.201', 'D12.776.930.146'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.750', 'C04.557.470.615.132.750', 'C04.588.274.761.750', 'C04.588.322.475.750', 'C06.301.761.750', 'C06.689.667.625', 'C19.344.421.750'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['G05.695'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Emotionally induced galactorrhoea in a non-lactating female--"Pseudo- Lactation"?
|
BACKGROUND: Galactorrhoea is a common clinical problem in endocrinology. Visual and auditory cues from the newborn are known to stimulate prolactin secretion in lactating women. However, hyperprolactinaemia and galactorrhoea in a non-lactating female due to visual and auditory stimuli from an unrelated newborn has not been reported in the past. We report the first such case of 'pseudo-lactation'.CASE PRESENTATION: An 18-year-old girl with type 1 diabetes mellitus presented with galactorrhoea. Apparently galactorrhoea was preceded by seeing the baby, hearing her cries or when remembering her memories. Her menstrual cycles were normal and did not complain of any headache or visual disturbances. She was only on metformin and insulin. Symptoms have rapidly resolved after the newborn was shifted to another location. Examination revealed scanty nipple discharge with gentle pressure. Investigations revealed an elevated serum prolactin of 62.5 ng/mL (2717.4 pmol/L) and fasting plasma glucose of 142 mg/dL (7.9 mmol/L) and HbA1c of 7.6%. Her thyroid function was normal and MRI at the time of galactorrhoea was not available. At 3 months prolactin was normal and MRI revealed only a slight asymmetry of the pituitary without evidence of microadenoma.CONCLUSION: The strong temporal relationship between her symptoms and emotional attachment to the newborn with exclusion of other causes on clinical, biochemical and radiological evidence, raise the possibility that transient hyperprolactinaemia was due to a transient lactotroph hyperplasia and hyper function which had been triggered by the stimulatory cues from the newborn.Emotionally induced "pseudo lactation" may be a rare but important cause for transient hyperprolactinaemia in a non-lactating female.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cues', 'Emotions', 'Female', 'Galactorrhea', 'Humans', 'Hyperprolactinemia', 'Maternal Behavior', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Prolactin']
| 25,518,745
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F01.470'], ['C13.703.844.506.389', 'C17.800.090.937.439'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.617.738.250.450', 'C19.700.355.600'], ['F01.829.263.370.215'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adsorption of radiopharmaceuticals to syringes: setting up a reliable protocol for its assessment.
|
BACKGROUND: It is well known that various drugs, including radiopharmaceuticals, may adsorb to plastic syringes to different extents. Some reports suggest that adsorption can reach levels of almost 50%. The consequence of adsorption of a radiopharmaceutical and subsequent inadequate dosing can include an inappropriate diagnostic response in patients, an increase in the duration of investigation or treatment, and an increase in cost.AIM: To investigate the extent of adsorption of Tc-succimer to plastic syringes and to set up a reliable protocol for assessment of the extent of retention of drugs to single-use plastic syringes before a new syringe brand and/or radiopharmaceutical are introduced in a nuclear medicine department.METHODS: Radiopharmaceutical kits from two different manufacturers were compared for retention using syringes from three different producers. To assess the influence of dilution on retention, Tc-succimer preparations were further diluted with sodium chloride solution for injection. Syringes were filled to one-third of their capacity and incubated at room temperature before being emptied into vacuum vials. The radioactivity of the syringes was measured before and after emptying. The extent of retained radioactivity was calculated as a percentage of radioactivity in the syringe before emptying.RESULTS: Results show that adsorption of Tc-succimer considerably differs between syringe brands. The adsorption of undiluted Tc-succimer in 30 min may exceed 50%.CONCLUSION: The findings show that measurement of retention in syringes and injection sets should be regarded as an essential aspect of quality assurance before radiopharmaceuticals, syringes and injection sets are used routinely.
|
['Adsorption', 'Equipment Contamination', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiometry', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Reagent Kits, Diagnostic', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Slovenia', 'Syringes', 'Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid']
| 18,090,223
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['N06.850.540'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['E05.799'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D27.505.259.875', 'D27.720.470.410.680', 'E07.720'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['Z01.542.248.820'], ['E07.877'], ['D02.241.081.337.759.500.725', 'D02.691.825.468', 'D02.886.489.750.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Cloning of the fic-1 gene involved in cell filamentation induced by cyclic AMP and construction of a delta fic Escherichia coli strain.
|
PA3092 is an Escherichia coli mutant that forms filaments at 43 degrees C in the presence of cyclic AMP (cAMP). The mutation responsible for this phenotype is called fic-1. We cloned fic-1 from PA3092 by selection for the neighboring argD gene. The fic-1 gene product had a relative molecular mass of 21 kilodaltons by the maxicell method. A strain with the fic gene completely deleted was constructed by replacing fic with a kanamycin resistance gene. In one of the fic-deleted strains derived from PA3092, cAMP did not induce cell filamentation at 43 degrees C, but it did in the same strain harboring a plasmid containing the fic-1 gene. These results indicate that the fic-1 gene product is necessary for the induction of cell filamentation by cAMP but is dispensable to the cell. We also found that high levels of NaCl suppressed the cell filamentation induced by cAMP.
|
['Cloning, Molecular', 'Cyclic AMP', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Mutation', 'Plasmids']
| 2,842,288
|
[['E05.393.220'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.360.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A single spectroscopic flow-through sensing device for determination of ciprofloxacin.
|
A simple flow injection UV spectrophotometric sensing device was developed for the determination of ciprofloxacin. The method is based on its transient retention and concentration on Sephadex SP C-25 cation-exchange gel beads packed in the flow cell and the continuous monitoring of its native absorbance on the solid phase at 277 nm. The procedure is carried out without any derivatisation. Formic acid/NaOH 1.75 M at pH 2.2 is used as carrier solution in a simple monochannel FIA manifold. When the analytical signal reached the maximum value, ciprofloxacin was eluted from the solid support by the carrier solution itself. The response of the sensor was linear in the concentration range 0.5-10 microg ml(-1) with an RSD (%) of 0.79, a detection limit (3sigma criterion) of 0.035microg ml(-1) and a sampling rate of 16 h(-1). Application to the analysis of pharmaceutical samples testifies the utility of this sensor.
|
['Ciprofloxacin', 'Flow Injection Analysis', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 15,193,713
|
[['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['E05.196.460'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Proof of concept studies to confirm the delivery of curcumin loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (C-SLNs) to brain.
|
Having achieved a significant bioavailability of curcumin by its incorporation into SLNs (C-SLNs) during pharmacokinetic (32-155 times) and pharmacodynamic (3-4 times) studies, our intent was to proof their targeting to brain. Hence, fluorescent/confocal microscopy, biodistribution and gamma scintigraphy techniques were explored to observe the presence of C-SLNs in the brain. 1h post p.o administration of C-SLNs/free curcumin (C-S) to rats, blood was withdrawn, following which the animals were sacrificed and their harvested brains were frozen at -80°C. The obtained plasma and brain cryosections were observed for fluorescence under fluorescent/confocal microscope. Biodistribution study was performed using (99m)Tc-labeled C-SLNs and C-S in Balb/c mice after p.o. and i.v. administration and % radioactivity/g organ was recorded. Subsequent to this gamma scintigraphs of the New Zealand rabbits following similar treatments were performed. Presence of yellow fluorescent particles in plasma and brain indicated effective delivery of C-SLNs across the gut wall and the BBB. (Blood)AUCoral value for C-SLNs was 8.135 times greater than that for C-S, confirming a prolonged circulation of former. The ratio of blood AUCi.v. C-SLN/C-S in blood is ?1 while the ratio in brain promisingly indicates 30 times higher preferential distribution of C-SLNs into brain confirming their direct delivery.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Area Under Curve', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain', 'Curcumin', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Lipids', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Nanoparticles', 'Rabbits', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 23,558,314
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['E02.319.300'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['D10'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis of a drug-like focused library of trisubstituted pyrrolidines using integrated flow chemistry and batch methods.
|
A combination of flow and batch chemistries has been successfully applied to the assembly of a series of trisubstituted drug-like pyrrolidines. This study demonstrates the efficient preparation of a focused library of these pharmaceutically important structures using microreactor technologies, as well as classical parallel synthesis techniques, and thus exemplifies the impact of integrating innovative enabling tools within the drug discovery process.
|
['Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques', 'Drug Design', 'Molecular Structure', 'Pyrrolidines', 'Small Molecule Libraries']
| 21,528,880
|
[['E05.197.312', 'J01.897.836.249.249'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D03.383.773'], ['D27.720.470.765']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intravenous immunoglobulin increases survival time in the acute phase of experimental Chagas disease.
|
Chagas disease induced by Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc) infection is an important cause of mortality and morbidity affecting the cardiovascular system for which presently available therapies are insufficient and largely inadequate. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) is a therapeutic preparation containing normal polyspecific IgG obtained from plasma pools of several thousand healthy donors and is used in several autoimmune, inflammatory and infectious diseases. In the study of heart from mice chronically infected with Tc, we observed that IVIg restores type 1 atrioventricular block or bradycardia. In the present study, we investigated the effects of IVIg in acute Tc infection. Intravenous immunoglobulin administration after the first week of infection was associated with an increase in survival time. Taken together, results observed in the chronic and in the acute phase associate IVIg treatment with a favourable outcome in T. cruzi infection.
|
['Animals', 'Chagas Disease', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins, Intravenous', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Survival Analysis', 'Time Factors']
| 20,500,678
|
[['B01.050'], ['C01.610.752.300.900.200', 'C01.920.625'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.536', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.632', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.632', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.632'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch Syndrome With Bilateral Tarsal Kink: Three Sutures for Correction.
|
The authors describe a 5-month-old male infant with Wiedemann-Rautenstrauch syndrome, which is an extremely rare condition. He had tarsal kink in upper eyelids in both eyes. The authors treated bilateral tarsal kink with an everting suture via a transconjunctival approach under local anesthesia.
|
['Blepharoplasty', 'Fetal Growth Retardation', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Progeria', 'Suture Techniques', 'Sutures']
| 28,468,175
|
[['E04.540.104', 'E04.680.275.090'], ['C13.703.277.370', 'C16.300.390', 'C23.550.393.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C16.320.488.875', 'C16.320.565.753', 'C18.452.648.753'], ['E04.987.775'], ['E07.858.690.820']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Laparoscopic resection for endoscopically unresectable colorectal polyps: analysis of 525 patients.
|
BACKGROUND: For the management of endoscopically irretrievable polyps, several minimally invasive procedures are currently available as alternatives to conventional laparotomy. However, the high rate of malignant transformation despite initially benign histology continues to be a problem.METHODS: Within the framework of a prospective multicenter observational study, all patients with adenomatous polyps unsuitable for endoscopic removal and with benign histology were investigated. In addition to an analysis of the perioperative course and the definitive histology, the overall and disease-free survival rates of patients with malignant transformation of colorectal adenomas were also calculated.RESULTS: A total of 525 patients (median age 65.3 years; median body mass index 25.6 kg/m(2)) underwent a laparoscopic resection. Conversion to laparotomy became necessary in 17 (3.2%) cases. The perioperative morbidity rate was 20.8%, and malignant transformation occurred in a total of 18.1% of the adenomatous polyps. The median number of lymph nodes removed was 12, and lymph node metastases were seen in a total of 14.8% of the patients (T1--4.8%, T2--19.4%, T3--25%, T4--100%). Estimated 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 92.4% and 80.6%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: For the management of endoscopically unresectable polyps, laparoscopic resection is currently the technique of choice. In addition to the benefits of minimally invasive surgery, in the hands of an experienced surgeon it achieves results comparable with those of open surgery. In view of the high rate of malignant transformation and the absence of unequivocal factors predictive of already present malignant transformation, an oncologically radical operation is essential. In the elderly patient presenting with comorbidities limited resection aiming to minimize surgical trauma in potentially benign disease may be considered. In such a case, however, frozen-section histology is obligatory.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenomatous Polyps', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colectomy', 'Colonic Polyps', 'Colonoscopy', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Disease Progression', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Laparotomy', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 18,626,704
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.035.215'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.210.219'], ['C23.300.825.411.235'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['E04.406'], ['E04.446'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 modulates upregulation of mutT homolog-1 in colorectal cancer.
|
AIM: To investigate the roles and interactions of mutT homolog (MTH)-1 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1á in human colorectal cancer (CRC).METHODS: The expression and distribution of HIF-1á and MTH-1 proteins were detected in human CRC tissues by immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). SW480 and HT-29 cells were exposed to normoxia or hypoxia. Protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1á and MTH-1 were analyzed by western blotting and qRT-PCR, respectively. In order to determine the effect of HIF-1á on the expression of MTH-1 and the amount of 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP) in SW480 and HT-29 cells, HIF-1á was silenced with small interfering RNA (siRNA). Growth studies were conducted on cells with HIF-1á inhibition using a xenograft tumor model. Finally, MTH-1 protein was detected by western blotting in vivo.RESULTS: High MTH-1 mRNA expression was detected in 64.2% of cases (54/84), and this was significantly correlated with tumor stage (P = 0.023) and size (P = 0.043). HIF-1á protein expression was correlated significantly with MTH-1 expression (R = 0.640; P < 0.01) in human CRC tissues. Hypoxic stress induced mRNA and protein expression of MTH-1 in SW480 and HT-29 cells. Inhibition of HIF-1á by siRNA decreased the expression of MTH-1 and led to the accumulation of 8-oxo-dGTP in SW480 and HT-29 cells. In the in vivo xenograft tumor model, expression of MTH-1 was decreased in the HIF-1á siRNA group, and the tumor volume was much smaller than that in the mock siRNA group.CONCLUSION: MTH-1 expression in CRC cells was upregulated via HIF-1á in response to hypoxic stress, emphasizing the crucial role of HIF-1á-induced MTH-1 in tumor growth.
|
['Cell Hypoxia', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'DNA Repair Enzymes', 'Deoxyguanine Nucleotides', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'HT29 Cells', 'Heterografts', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases', 'RNA Interference', 'Signal Transduction', 'Time Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transfection', 'Tumor Burden', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 26,730,155
|
[['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['D08.811.074'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.200', 'D13.695.201.175', 'D13.695.667.454.200'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.370'], ['A11.251.210.190.475', 'A11.251.860.180.475', 'A11.436.365'], ['A01.941.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.352.650'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Persistent systemic air embolism and delayed pulmonary hemorrhage after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass--a case report.
|
Systemic air embolism (SAE) occurring during cardiac surgery is usually associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present a fatal case of persistent SAE identified by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Perplexities in identification of a bronchovascular fistula and hesitation in aggressive management to arrest the resultant continuous air entry into systemic circulation caused death as an aftermath. Related instances in literature have been reviewed and appropriate managements are herein discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Echocardiography, Transesophageal', 'Embolism, Air', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases', 'Male']
| 17,424,757
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.292.413'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.235', 'E01.370.350.850.220.235', 'E01.370.370.380.220.235'], ['C14.907.355.350.254'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Microfluidic approach to create three-dimensional tissue models for biofilm-related infection of orthopaedic implants.
|
With conventional in vitro culture methods, it is difficult to study complex interactions of host cells with pathogens and drugs in physiologically relevant microenvironments. To simulate orthopaedic implant-associated infection, a multi-channel microfluidic device was used to (1) observe in real-time the development of osteoblasts into three-dimensional (3D) tissue-like structures and (2) study how this development was influenced by phenotypes of Staphylococcus epidermidis. In the absence of bacteria, osteoblasts formed a confluent layer on the bottom channel surface, gradually migrated to the side and top surfaces, and formed calcified 3D nodular structures in 8 days. The delivery timing and concentration of an antibiotic were controlled to produce small colony variants, sessile biofilms, or dead cells of S. epidermidis. In the presence of the small colony variants, osteoblasts initially adhered, and spread, but were killed within 2 days. In contrast, the sessile biofilms and dead bacteria cells did not significantly interfere with the formation of tissue-like structures. The results suggest the possibility of creating in vitro tissue-biofilm-biomaterial interfaces and therefore 3D tissue models, as an entirely new method of studying biofilm-related infection of orthopaedic implants with physiological relevance.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Biofilms', 'Calcium', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Mice', 'Microfluidic Analytical Techniques', 'Microfluidics', 'Orthopedic Equipment', 'Orthopedics', 'Phenotype', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Prosthesis-Related Infections', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 20,618,080
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.588.465'], ['E05.830.666', 'H01.671.808.500', 'J01.897.520.500.500'], ['E07.858.442'], ['H02.403.810.494'], ['G05.695'], ['E07.695'], ['C01.685', 'C23.550.767.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of keratinocyte growth factor on tumour growth and small intestinal mucositis after chemotherapy in the rat with breast cancer.
|
PURPOSE: Mucositis from cancer chemotherapy is a common problem for which there is no definitive treatment. It produces significant morbidity and occasional mortality. Prevention and successful treatment could significantly enhance the quality of life of patients, and improve survival; however any potential preventative agent must not enhance tumour growth. The aims of this study were to assess the effect of keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) on breast tumour growth, and in preventing small intestinal mucositis induced by methotrexate (MTX).METHODS: Tumour-bearing rats received KGF or saline for 5 days prior to either MTX or saline treatment, and were killed 24 h after the last MTX injection. The weights of the tumour, small and large intestines, and liver were recorded. Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assay in the tumour and jejunum. Intestinal morphometry was used to assess villus area, crypt length and mitotic crypt count. Tumour proliferation was assessed by mitotic count.RESULTS: KGF increased the weight of the small intestine prior to chemotherapy but the weight was not maintained after chemotherapy. KGF synergized with MTX to increase apoptosis in both intestinal crypts and the breast cancer. KGF also reduced tumour size.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that KGF had a modest effect on intestinal growth prior to chemotherapy. It did not protect the gut from mucositis, nor did it worsen morphometry. It reduced tumour size.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Animals', 'Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Cell Division', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Enteritis', 'Female', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 7', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'In Situ Nick-End Labeling', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Keratinocytes', 'Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Methotrexate', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Survival Rate']
| 12,111,112
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['C06.405.205.462', 'C06.405.469.326'], ['D12.644.276.624.170', 'D12.776.467.624.170', 'D23.529.624.170'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['E05.393.475'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['C04.588.531.500', 'C04.619.590', 'E05.598.500.496.843'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evans' syndrome associated with microcystic adenoma of the pancreas.
|
A case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (Evans' syndrome), associated with a microcystic adenoma of the pancreas is reported. Early recognition of this rare entity is important, as corticosteroids and splenectomy are usually ineffective, whereas removal of the tumor may be a cure for this condition. Possible mechanisms of the hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia are also discussed.
|
['Adenoma', 'Aged', 'Anemia, Hemolytic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Purpura, Thrombocytopenic', 'Syndrome']
| 3,815,308
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.071.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['C15.378.100.802.687', 'C15.378.140.855.925.750', 'C20.841', 'C23.550.414.950.687', 'C23.888.885.687.687'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of Characters and Localization of Images Using Direct Multiple-Electrode Stimulation With a Suprachoroidal Retinal Prosthesis.
|
Purpose: Retinal prostheses provide vision to blind patients by eliciting phosphenes through electrical stimulation. This study explored whether character identification and image localization could be achieved through direct multiple-electrode stimulation with a suprachoroidal retinal prosthesis.Methods: Two of three retinitis pigmentosa patients implanted with a suprachoroidal electrode array were tested on three psychophysical tasks. Electrode patterns were stimulated to elicit perception of simple characters, following which percept localization was tested using either static or dynamic images. Eye tracking was used to assess the association between accuracy and eye movements.Results: In the character identification task, accuracy ranged from 2.7% to 93.3%, depending on the patient and character. In the static image localization task, accuracy decreased from near perfect to <20% with decreasing contrast (patient 1). Patient 2 scored up to 70% at 100% contrast. In the dynamic image localization task, patient 1 recognized the trajectory of the image up to speeds of 64 deg/s, whereas patient 2 scored just above chance. The degree of eye movement in both patients was related to accuracy and, to some extent, stimulus direction.Conclusions: The ability to identify characters and localize percepts demonstrates the capacity of the suprachoroidal device to provide meaningful information to blind patients. The variation in scores across all tasks highlights the importance of using spatial cues from phosphenes, which becomes more difficult at low contrast. The use of spatial information from multiple electrodes and eye-movement compensation is expected to improve performance outcomes during real-world prosthesis use in a camera-based system. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01603576.).
|
['Adult', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Psychophysics', 'Retina', 'Retinitis Pigmentosa', 'Saccades', 'Visual Prosthesis', 'Young Adult']
| 28,793,152
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.270.684', 'C11.768.585.658.500', 'C16.320.290.684'], ['G14.350.500'], ['E07.695.950'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alexithymia and the split brain: VI. Electroencephalographic correlates of alexithymia.
|
Electroencephalographic recordings of eight corpus callosotomy patients and eight precision-matched control subjects were obtained as subjects watched a film symbolically depicting death. A content-analytic measure of alexithymia was regressed on eight auto-spectral alpha-band intensity averages and on subsets of alpha-band coherence averages. Results were interpreted on the basis of three possible mechanisms of alexithymia: (1) Alexithymic subjects had more right-temporal alpha-band intensity, suggesting inadequate understanding of the film. (2) A possible lack of inner speech in alexithymics was suggested by their relative alpha abundance of the left frontal and left temporal channels but left parietal alpha desynchronization, and by their lower left frontotemporal but higher left parietofrontal and left parietotemporal coherences. (3) Alexithymic subjects had higher right frontal-left parietal and left frontal-left parietal coherences, suggesting possible interhemispheric inhibition of expression. Expressive subjects had higher right frontal-left temporal (and homologous interhemispheric frontal, parietal, and frontal) coherences, suggesting interhemispheric facilitation of verbal expression.
|
['Adult', 'Affective Symptoms', 'Alpha Rhythm', 'Corpus Callosum', 'Cortical Synchronization', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Electroencephalography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Temporal Lobe', 'Verbal Behavior']
| 3,226,964
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.100'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.374', 'E01.370.405.245.287.374', 'G07.265.087.500', 'G11.561.127.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.800.750'], ['E01.370.376.300.437.500', 'E01.370.405.245.575.500', 'G07.265.256.249'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863'], ['F01.145.209.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4): Localization and activity in human and rodent islets.
|
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) was recently found to be expressed in human and mouse islets with different expression patterns. However, whether species-dependent expression pattern is a generalized phenomenon and whether islet DPP-4 activity is regulated are not known. This study was conducted to investigate DPP-4 localization in several different species, and to examine the impact of glucose, incretin hormones, and insulin on islet DPP-4 activity. It was shown by immuofluorescent staining that there were two distinct species-specific expression patterns of islet DPP-4. The enzyme was expressed exclusively in á-cells in human and pig islets, but primarily in â-cells in mouse and rat islets. INS-1 832/13 cells also expressed DPP-4, and inhibition of DPP-4 enhanced insulin secretion in the presence of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the cells. DPP-4 activity was remarkably robust when cultured with high glucose, incretin hormones, and insulin in mouse and human islets as well as INS-1 832/13 cells and islet DPP-4 activity and expression pattern was not altered in double incretin receptor knockout mice, compared to wild type mice. We conclude that islet DPP-4 is species-specifically expressed in á-cell and â-cell dominant patterns in several species and both patterns remained robust in enzyme activity during short-term metabolic challenge.
|
['Animals', 'Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Rats']
| 25,268,763
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350.126', 'D08.811.277.656.959.250', 'D23.050.301.264.894.160', 'D23.101.100.894.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using vapor phase tomography to measure the spatial distribution of vapor concentrations and flux for vadose-zone VOC sources.
|
A test was conducted at a chlorinated-solvent contaminated site in Tucson, AZ, to evaluate the effectiveness of vapor-phase tomography (VPT) for characterizing the distribution of volatile organic contaminants (VOC) in the vadose zone. A soil vapor extraction (SVE) system has been in operation at the site since 2007. Vapor concentration and vacuum pressure were measured at four different depths in each of the four monitoring wells surrounding the extraction well. The test provided a 3D characterization of local vapor concentrations under induced-gradient conditions. Permeability data obtained from analysis of borehole logs were used along with pressure and the vapor-concentration data to determine VOC mass flux within the test domain. A region of higher mass flux was identified in the deepest interval of the S-SW section of the domain, indicating the possible location of a zone with greater contaminant mass. These results are consistent with the TCE-concentration distribution obtained from sediment coring conducted at the site. In contrast, the results of a standard soil gas survey did not indicate the presence of a zone with greater contaminant mass. These results indicate that the VPT test provided a robust characterization of VOC concentration and flux distribution at the site.
|
['Arizona', 'Gases', 'Groundwater', 'Permeability', 'Solvents', 'Tomography', 'Volatile Organic Compounds', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Wells']
| 25,835,545
|
[['Z01.107.567.875.760.100'], ['D01.362'], ['G01.311.355'], ['G02.723'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E01.370.350.825'], ['D02.974'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['J01.293.821.500.500']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Facets of Psychological Flexibility in a Sample of People Seeking Treatment for Chronic Pain.
|
BACKGROUND: Evidence supports the validity of individual components of the psychological flexibility model in the context of chronic pain. However, there is a need to test the inter-relationships amongst measures of individual components of psychological flexibility in a more integrative manner. In particular, research is needed to examine whether a model with discrete facets as proposed is indeed reflected in data from currently used assessment measures in people with chronic pain.PURPOSE: This cross-sectional study investigated the underlying structure of measures of processes of psychological flexibility amongst individuals with chronic pain and the associations between this measurement model and patient functioning.METHODS: Five-hundred and seventy-three adults with chronic pain completed measures of pain, physical and social functioning, mental health, depression and processes of psychological flexibility, including acceptance, cognitive defusion, decentering and committed action. Confirmatory factor analyses tested lower-order, higher-order and bifactor models to examine the structure of psychological flexibility process measures.RESULTS: A single general factor reflecting openness explained variability in items across all of the psychological flexibility process measures. In addition to this general factor, distinct decentering and committed action group factors emerged in the data. As expected, the general factor was strongly correlated with measures of social functioning, mental health and depression.CONCLUSIONS: Future research is needed to determine the most useful means by which the presence of the general factor can be reflected in the measurement and theory of psychological flexibility.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Chronic Pain', 'Cognition', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depression', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Health', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Psychological', 'Pain Management', 'Pain Measurement', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care']
| 26,608,280
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['F02.463.188'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.695'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Orthogonal astigmatic axes in Chinese and Caucasian infants.
|
Caucasian infants are known to have a high incidence of astigmatism. The axis of greatest power is usually in the orientation orthogonal to the most common type found in Caucasian adults, with-the-rule astigmatism. We now find that Chinese infants also have a high incidence of astigmatism relative to adults, but its orientation is orthogonal to that of Caucasian infants. The source of this racial difference is not clear. It is unlikely to be due to the most obvious difference, the structure of the eyelids.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Amblyopia', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Humans', 'Infant']
| 3,804,651
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C10.228.140.055', 'C10.597.751.941.073', 'C11.966.073', 'C23.888.592.763.941.073'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mineralization and osteogenesis in the human first rib cartilage.
|
Mineralization and osteogenesis in the human first rib cartilage were studied radiologically and by means of normal and polarized light microscopy. Onset of mineralization occurs at the end of puberty and is located directly beneath the perichondrium. Bone is formed in a typical spur-like pattern, arising medially from the upper edge of the manubrium sterni and laterally from the caudal rim of the bony part of the rib. From the middle of the second decade, large cartilage canals with several blood vessels and loose perivascular connective tissue are seen in central areas of the first costal cartilage. These parts are the last to be mineralized and ossified in old age. The type of osteogenesis cannot be classified according to common patterns. In spite of the subperichondral localization it cannot be intramembranous, because the new bone is separated from the perichondrium by a layer of mineralized cartilage. Osteogenesis cannot be called endochondral compared with the epiphyseal plate for the following reasons: there are no hypertrophied chondrocytes; an immunoreactivity for collagen type X is missing; areas where bone is formed directly on hyaline cartilage could be proved. Vascularization and onset of osteogenesis are separated in time and localization. Mineralization and osteogenesis in human first rib cartilage are physiological age-related changes, which cannot be regarded as degenerative processes. Ossification is not directly correlated with the invasion of blood vessels and cannot be classified as one of the classical concepts of intramembranous or endochondral osteogenesis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aging', 'Calcification, Physiologic', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteogenesis', 'Radiography', 'Ribs']
| 7,741,279
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G07.345.155.500', 'G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.175', 'G11.427.578.050.500.175'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A02.835.232.570.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Attributes of excellent attending-physician role models.
|
BACKGROUND: Although effective role models are important in medical education, little is known about the characteristics of physicians who serve as excellent clinical role models. We therefore conducted a case-control study to identify attributes that distinguish such physicians from their colleagues.METHODS: We asked members of the internal-medicine house staff at four teaching hospitals to name physicians whom they considered to be excellent role models. A total of 165 physicians named by one or more house-staff members were classified as excellent role models (these served as the case physicians in our study). A questionnaire was sent to them as well as to 246 physicians who had residency-level teaching responsibilities but who were not named (controls). Of these 411 physicians, 341 (83 percent) completed questionnaires while unaware of their case-control status.RESULTS: Of the 341 attending physicians who responded, 144 (42 percent) had been identified as excellent role models. Having greater assigned teaching responsibilities was strongly associated with being identified as an excellent role model. In the multivariate analysis, five attributes were independently associated with being named as an excellent role model: spending more than 25 percent of one's time teaching (odds ratio, 5.12; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.81 to 14.47), spending 25 or more hours per week teaching and conducting rounds when serving as an attending physician (odds ratio, 2.48; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.15 to 5.37), stressing the importance of the doctor-patient relationship in one's teaching (odds ratio, 2.58; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.03 to 6.43), teaching the psychosocial aspects of medicine (odds ratio, 2.31; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.23 to 4.35), and having served as a chief resident (odds ratio, 2.07; 95 percent confidence interval, 1.07 to 3.98).CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that many of the attributes associated with being an excellent role model are related to skills that can be acquired and to modifiable behavior.
|
['Baltimore', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Clinical Competence', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Internal Medicine', 'Internship and Residency', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Mentors', 'Multivariate Analysis', "Physician's Role", 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Quebec', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Teaching']
| 9,869,671
|
[['Z01.107.567.875.500.500.100', 'Z01.433.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.429'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['M01.395'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.600'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['Z01.107.567.176.791'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Secoiridoid glycosides from Gentiana scabra.
|
Two new secoiridoid glycosides, 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylgentiopicroside (1) and 6'-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylgentiopicroside (2), have been isolated from the rhizomes and roots of Gentiana scabra together with three known compounds, olivieroside, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylamplexine, and benzyl alcohol O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl (1 --> 6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated using chemical and physicochemical (MS and NMR) studies.
|
['China', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Gentianaceae', 'Glycosides', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Pyrans', 'Rhizome', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 11,754,617
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.456.750'], ['D09.408'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D03.383.663'], ['A18.024.937.750', 'A18.400.750'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Antimicrobial prophylaxis in acute leukaemia: prospective randomized study comparing two methods of selective decontamination.
|
In a prospective study the efficacy of two regimens for selective decontamination of the digestive tract was studied in patients with acute leukaemia during remission induction therapy. Seventy-eight patients were randomized to receive either a combination of cotrimoxazole, polymyxin B and nystatin (group A) or a combination of nalidixic acid, polymyxin B, neomycin and nystatin. With both regimens the gastrointestinal tract could be decontaminated equally effectively from potential pathogens. In the oropharyngeal region the decontamination from Enterobacteriaceae was significantly better in group A (P less than 0.01). In both groups less than 10% of the acquired infections were caused by gram-negative bacilli and no gram-negative septicaemia occurred in either group. The median time interval until the first acquired infection was 17 days in group A and 36 days in group B, respectively (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that regimen A might be more effective than regimen B though both regimens prevent reliably severe gram-negative infections.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aminoglycosides', 'Amphotericin B', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Candidiasis', 'Cephalosporins', 'Enterobacteriaceae Infections', 'Female', 'Flucytosine', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxacillin', 'Penicillins', 'Prospective Studies', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Streptococcal Infections']
| 6,887,757
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.408.051'], ['D02.540.576.500.500'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['C01.150.252.400.310'], ['D03.383.742.698.421.431'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.625', 'D02.886.108.750.625', 'D03.633.100.300.750.625'], ['D02.065.589.099.750', 'D02.886.108.750', 'D03.633.100.300.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['C01.150.252.410.890']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The architectonics and ultrastructure of the chorionic vessels of the human placenta].
|
By means of injection, corrosive, histological methods, light microscopy with elements of morphometry, electron (transmissive and raster) microscopy, 260 preparations of the human placenta have been studied. The notion on the order of villi branching, on intraorganic architectonics has been expanded, intrarelations of the vessels with the villous stroma have been verified, the notion on the syncytiocapillary barrier has been widened. The terminal type of the arterial branching in the chorion has been determined up to 8-9 orders, as well as appearance of vascular continuity, that is arteriolo-arterial, veno-venular and arteriolo-venular anastomoses, mainly at the level of intermediate and terminal villi. Large vascular anastomoses are found in the placental areas with massive depositions of fibrinoid.
|
['Arteries', 'Chorionic Villi', 'Corrosion Casting', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Veins']
| 1,343,236
|
[['A07.015.114'], ['A10.615.284.473.200', 'A16.254.750.473.200', 'A16.710.189'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.620.150', 'E01.370.225.750.600.620.150', 'E05.200.500.620.620.150', 'E05.200.750.600.620.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endovascular treatment of ACom intracranial aneurysms. Report on series of 280 patients.
|
The immediate and long-term outcomes, complications, recurrences and the need for retreatment were analyzed in a series of 280 consecutive patients with anterior communicating artery aneurysms treated with the endovascular technique. From October 1992 to October 2001 280 patients with 282 anterior communicating artery aneurysms were addressed to our center. For the analysis, the population was divided into two major groups: group 1, comprising 239 (85%) patients with ruptured aneurysms and group 2 comprising of 42 (15%) patients with unruptured aneurysms. In group 1, 185 (77.4%) patients had a good initial pre-treatment Hunt and Hess grade of I-III. Aneurysm size was divided into three categories according to the larger diameter: less than 4 mm, between 4 and 10 mm and larger than 10 mm. The sizes of aneurysms in groups 1 and 2 were identical but a less favorable neck to depth ratio of 0.5 was more frequent in group 2. Endovascular treatment was finally performed in 234 patients in group 1 and 34 patients in group 2. Complete obliteration was more frequently obtained in group 2 unlike a residual neck or opacification of the sac that were more frequently seen in group 1. No peri-treatment complications were recorded in group 2. In group 1 the peri-treatment mortality and overall peri-treatment morbidity were 5.1% and 8.1% respectively. Eight patients (3.4%) in group 1 presented early post treatment rebleeding with a mortality of 88%. The mean time to follow-up was 3.09 years. In group 1, 51 (21.7%) recurrences occurred of which 14 were minor and 37 major. In group 2, eight (23.5%) recurrences occurred, five minor and three major. Two patients (0.8%) presented late rebleeding in group 1. Twenty-seven second endovascular retreatments were performed, 24 (10.2%) in group 1 and three (8.8%) in group 2, seven third endovascular retreatments and two surgical clippings in group 1 only. There was no additional morbidity related to retreatments. Endovascular treatment is an effective method for the treatment of anterior communicating artery aneurysms allowing late rebleeding prevention. Peri-treatment rebleeding warrants caution in anticoagulation management. This is a single center experience and the follow-up period is limited. Patients should be followed-up in the long-term as recurrences may occur and warrant additional treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Survival Analysis', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,377,974
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mechanical evaluation of a carbonated apatite cement in the fixation of unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
|
We created three-part unstable intertrochanteric fractures in 6 pairs of aged, osteopenic, human, cadaveric femora. Fractures were reduced and fixed with a Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) (Synthes, Paoli, PA). Two test groups were evaluated: 1. Fixation with DHS, and 2. Fixation with a DHS and calcium phosphate bone cement (Norian SRS (Skeletal Repair System)) augmentation of the fracture line and posteromedial calcar region of the proximal femur. Each femur was loaded to 1,650 N (2.5 body weight) for 10,000 cycles to simulate postoperative load transmission across the fracture construct during normal gait. The load was further increased successively by one body weight for another 10,000 cycles until failure. We evaluated fixation by measuring the amount of sliding of the lag screw of the DHS (shortening) and stiffness of the overall fracture construct (stability). SRS cement-augmented specimens had less shortening (1 mm versus 17 mm) and twice the initial construct stiffness compared to control specimens.
|
['Adult', 'Apatites', 'Bone Cements', 'Bone Screws', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Joint Instability', 'Recovery of Function', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 12,079,012
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025', 'D01.146.360.050', 'D01.578.122', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025'], ['D05.750.716.822.300', 'D25.720.716.822.300', 'D27.720.102.158', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.300'], ['E07.695.370.437', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.521'], ['G16.757'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Self-Organized Near-Zero-Lag Synchronization Induced by Spike-Timing Dependent Plasticity in Cortical Populations.
|
Several cognitive tasks related to learning and memory exhibit synchronization of macroscopic cortical areas together with synaptic plasticity at neuronal level. Therefore, there is a growing effort among computational neuroscientists to understand the underlying mechanisms relating synchrony and plasticity in the brain. Here we numerically study the interplay between spike-timing dependent plasticity (STDP) and anticipated synchronization (AS). AS emerges when a dominant flux of information from one area to another is accompanied by a negative time lag (or phase). This means that the receiver region pulses before the sender does. In this paper we study the interplay between different synchronization regimes and STDP at the level of three-neuron microcircuits as well as cortical populations. We show that STDP can promote auto-organized zero-lag synchronization in unidirectionally coupled neuronal populations. We also find synchronization regimes with negative phase difference (AS) that are stable against plasticity. Finally, we show that the interplay between negative phase difference and STDP provides limited synaptic weight distribution without the need of imposing artificial boundaries.
|
['Cerebral Cortex', 'Cortical Synchronization', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Neurons']
| 26,474,165
|
[['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E01.370.376.300.437.500', 'E01.370.405.245.575.500', 'G07.265.256.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['G11.561.638'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Loss of VGLUT3 Produces Circadian-Dependent Hyperdopaminergia and Ameliorates Motor Dysfunction and l-Dopa-Mediated Dyskinesias in a Model of Parkinson's Disease.
|
UNLABELLED: The striatum is essential for many aspects of mammalian behavior, including motivation and movement, and is dysfunctional in motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease. The vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) is expressed by striatal cholinergic interneurons (CINs) and is thus well positioned to regulate dopamine (DA) signaling and locomotor activity, a canonical measure of basal ganglia output. We now report that VGLUT3 knock-out (KO) mice show circadian-dependent hyperlocomotor activity that is restricted to the waking cycle and is due to an increase in striatal DA synthesis, packaging, and release. Using a conditional VGLUT3 KO mouse, we show that deletion of the transporter from CINs, surprisingly, does not alter evoked DA release in the dorsal striatum or baseline locomotor activity. The mice do, however, display changes in rearing behavior and sensorimotor gating. Elevation of DA release in the global KO raised the possibility that motor deficits in a Parkinson's disease model would be reduced. Remarkably, after a partial 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated DA depletion (?70% in dorsal striatum), KO mice, in contrast to WT mice, showed normal motor behavior across the entire circadian cycle. l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-mediated dyskinesias were also significantly attenuated. These findings thus point to new mechanisms to regulate basal ganglia function and potentially treat Parkinson's disease and related disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Dopaminergic signaling is critical for both motor and cognitive functions in the mammalian nervous system. Impairments, such as those found in Parkinson's disease patients, can lead to severe motor deficits. Vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) loads glutamate into secretory vesicles for neurotransmission and is expressed by discrete neuron populations throughout the nervous system. Here, we report that the absence of VGLUT3 in mice leads to an upregulation of the midbrain dopamine system. Remarkably, in a Parkinson's disease model, the mice show normal motor behavior. They also show fewer abnormal motor behaviors (dyskinesias) in response to l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, the principal treatment for Parkinson's disease. The work thus suggests new avenues for the development of novel treatment strategies for Parkinson's disease and potentially other basal-ganglia-related disorders.
|
['Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic', 'Animals', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dopamine', 'Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced', 'Female', 'Levodopa', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, 129 Strain', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Motor Skills Disorders', 'Parkinsonian Disorders']
| 26,558,771
|
[['D12.776.157.530.200.249', 'D12.776.543.585.200.249'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['C10.228.662.262.500', 'C10.597.350.275', 'C10.720.312', 'C23.888.592.350.275', 'C25.100.750', 'C25.723.705.200'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.025', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.025', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500.025'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['F03.625.813'], ['C10.228.140.079.862', 'C10.228.662.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Osteosarcomas of jaw: experience of a single centre.
|
Although osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of bone, osteosarcomas of jaw are rare. In osteosarcomas of jaw, evaluating the clinicopathological factors affecting the prognosis is not easy because of different approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. This study reviewed 14 cases of JOS that were diagnosed between 1990-2010, in terms of age, gender, site, clinical history, histopathologic type and histopathologic grade, treatment, and prognosis. Median age was 35 years, while male:female ratio was 1.8:1. Eight tumours were located in the mandible. Osteoblastic differentiation was the predominant feature in seven cases followed by chondroid osteosarcoma (four cases), fibroblastic osteosarcoma, low-grade (parosteal) osteosarcoma associated with fibrous dysplasia, and postradiation osteosarcoma (one cases each). During follow-up, recurrence was seen in four patients at least once and they all died. In conclusion, early diagnosis and complete resection seems to be effective in prognosis. Therefore, clinicians and pathologists should be aware of its characteristics and main differential diagnosis to avoid late recognition.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jaw Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mandibular Neoplasms', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 24,780,088
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.149.721.450', 'C05.116.231.754.450', 'C05.500.499', 'C07.320.515'], ['C04.588.149.721.450.583', 'C05.116.231.754.450.583', 'C05.500.499.583', 'C05.500.607.442', 'C07.320.515.583', 'C07.320.610.583'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Prenosological approach to assessing morbidity and mortality].
|
The paper deals with the morbidity- and mortality-associated problem arising from the processes occurring in the transition period of development of new Russia. It points to the leading role of health care service in this process. The authors show the real health status of the working population, the actual state of affairs with the rendering primary medical care at industrial institutions. Measures are proposed to apply specific science-based health-promoting technologies adopted from Russian space medicine and called prenosological monitoring.
|
['Environmental Illness', 'Humans', 'Morbidity', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Russia', 'Survival Rate']
| 20,143,495
|
[['C20.543.312', 'C21.223'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Intraductal Laser Fiber Tip Fracture and Retrieval During Sialendoscopic Laser-Assisted Lithotripsy.
|
Fragmentation of flexible laser fiber tips has been reported to occur during therapeutic bronchoscopy and urologic stone treatment. We report fragmentation of 200-µm single-use silica-based fibers during sialendoscopy-controlled Holmium:YAG laser treatment of a parotid and a submandibular stone. The technique employed to successfully retrieve the fiber tips is described in the context of identifying this potential complication from endoscopic management of sialolithiasis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Endoscopy', 'Equipment Failure', 'Humans', 'Lasers, Solid-State', 'Lithotripsy, Laser', 'Male', 'Parotid Diseases', 'Salivary Gland Calculi', 'Submandibular Gland Diseases', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,895,432
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['E05.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490.490', 'E07.710.520.490'], ['E02.594.550', 'E02.600.500', 'E04.014.520.550', 'E04.943.500.500'], ['C07.465.815.470'], ['C07.465.815.497.500', 'C23.300.175.700.500'], ['C07.465.815.882'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Femoral nerve block for analgesia in fractures of the femoral neck.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of femoral nerve blocks in patients with fractures of the neck of the femur. Thirty-six patients with femoral neck fractures attending the accident department over a three month period received femoral blocks from one of the two authors. The effect of the block was assessed both subjectively and objectively. Thirty patients reported a worthwhile reduction in pain following the procedure and this was supported by objective blockade in 29. In all six patients who reported no benefit, the block failed objectively. There were no complications of the procedure.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bupivacaine', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Femoral Neck Fractures', 'Femoral Nerve', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Block', 'Pain Management']
| 3,178,977
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.065.199.239', 'D02.092.146.113.239'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['C26.404.061.425.500', 'C26.531.750.500', 'C26.558.276.425.500'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of endothelin in obstructive jaundice.
|
Mediators responsible for renal changes in obstructive jaundice are not specified. This study is designed to study the role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in obstructive jaundice in rats. Animals were randomly placed into five experimental groups. Group 1 (N = 3) was the sham-operated group. Group 2 (N = 8) after common bile duct (CBD) ligation, received bosentan, which is a nonselective endothelin receptor blocker, 50 mg/kg/day for seven days. Group 3 (N = 7) received 1 microg/kg/day captopril. Group 4 (N = 7) was given both drugs orally for seven days. Group 5 (N = 6) after CBD ligation, received Arabic gum as the vehicle. Blood was drawn from the infrahepatic vena cava for the determination of ET-1, bilirubin, creatinine, protein oxidation products, hyaluronic acid, and beta-N-acetyl-hexosaminase. Liver tissue samples were obtained to determine glutathione levels. ET-1, protein oxidation products, hyaluronic acid, bilirubin, and creatinine levels increased significantly in the control group when compared with sham. Bosentan effectively prevented ET-1 elevation but could not reverse creatinine or bilirubin elevation. Captopril with or without bosentan was cytoprotective but did not reverse increased creatinine levels. It is concluded that increased ET-1 in obstructive jaundice may be one of the contributing factors of renal damage.
|
['Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Animals', 'Bilirubin', 'Bosentan', 'Captopril', 'Cholestasis', 'Creatinine', 'Endothelin Receptor Antagonists', 'Endothelin-1', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sulfonamides', 'beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases']
| 10,063,923
|
[['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['D02.065.884.135', 'D02.886.590.700.143', 'D03.383.742.060'], ['D12.125.072.401.623.270'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['D27.505.519.364'], ['D12.644.276.400.225', 'D12.776.467.400.225', 'D23.529.400.225'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['D08.811.277.450.483.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3-26,23-lactams (DLAMs), a novel series of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 antagonist.
|
Novel vitamin D(3) analogs having a lactam structure in their side chains, 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3)-26,23-lactams (DLAMs), were designed based on the principle of regulation of the folding of helix-12 in the vitamin D nuclear receptor (VDR). The new analogs were synthesized via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction and subsequent reduction of the isoxazolidine as key steps. Among the analogs, (23S,25S)-DLAM-01 (4a) and (23S,25S)-DLAM-1P (5a) bind strongly to VDR. Moreover, these analogs were found to inhibit the differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3).
|
['Cell Differentiation', 'Drug Design', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Lactams', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptors, Calcitriol', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Vitamin D']
| 15,109,656
|
[['G04.152'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['D02.065.589', 'D03.383.411'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.826.535'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D04.210.500.812.768']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Autoimmunity in experimental Trypanosoma congolense infections of rabbits.
|
Autoimmunity in rabbits with experimental Trypanosoma congolense infections was investigated. Complement-fixing (CF) and precipitating autoantibodies to normal allogeneic and autologous tissues were found in the sera of all infected rabbits tested; the titers of CF autoantibody occurring during infection were significantly higher than normally occurring titers of autoantibody in pre-infection serum samples. Autoantibody did not cross-react with trypanosome antigens, and Wassermann antibody was not detected in normal or infected rabbit sera. Passive transfer of autoantibody to normal rabbits did not produce observable pathology or death. Physicochemical methods of analysis revealed that the autoantibody was exclusively of the immunoglobulin M class. That cell-mediated autoimmunity to normal tissue antigens did not occur during T. congolense infections was shown by histological analyses, skin tests, migration inhibitory factor, and skin reactive factor tests.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Autoantibodies', 'Cell Migration Inhibition', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Complement Fixation Tests', 'Female', 'Immunity', 'Immunity, Maternally-Acquired', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Precipitin Tests', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Skin Tests', 'Sucrose', 'Syphilis Serodiagnosis', 'Trypanosoma', 'Trypanosomiasis']
| 4,629,248
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['G04.198.337'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.150', 'E05.200.812.735.150', 'E05.478.594.760.150'], ['G12.450'], ['G12.450.570'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645', 'E05.196.150.639.500', 'E05.200.812.735.645', 'E05.478.594.760.645', 'E05.478.605.492'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890'], ['D09.698.629.305.770', 'D09.947.750.770'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.850', 'E05.200.812.735.850', 'E05.478.594.760.850'], ['B01.268.475.868.887'], ['C01.610.752.300.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of acrylamide in food from China by a LC/MS/MS method.
|
Acrylamide is potential carcinogenic compound that possesses neurotoxicity activity. In this study, the levels of acrylamide in 123 selected food samples from China was evaluated using a LC/MS/MS method. One hundred and fifteen (115) out of 123 samples showed positive levels of acrylamide in the range of 0.41 to 4,126.26 µg/kg. Generally, the highest acrylamide levels were found in fried products, such as potato, prawn strips and rice crust, with average values of 604.27, 341.40, and 201.51 µg/kg, respectively. Heated protein-rich food also showed some acrylamide content (ranging from 2.31 to 78.57 µg/kg). The results revealed that a potential acrylamide public health risk occurred in processed snacks, as well as the food consumed daily. This study supplied new information on acrylamide content of a variety of heat-treated foods from China.
|
['Acrylamide', 'China', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Food Analysis', 'Limit of Detection', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 23,202,837
|
[['D02.065.122.015', 'D02.241.081.069.094.015'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Physiological responses of New World monkey V1 neurons to stimuli defined by coherent motion.
|
We studied the responses of neurons in area V1 of marmosets to visual stimuli that moved against dynamic textured backgrounds. The stimuli were defined either by a first-order cue ('solid' bars, which were either darker or lighter than the background) or by a second-order cue ('camouflaged' bars, defined only by coherent motion). Forty-two per cent of the neurons demonstrated a similar selectivity for the direction of motion of the solid and camouflaged bars, thereby characterizing a population of cue-invariant (CI) cells. The other cells either showed different selectivity to the movement of solid and camouflaged bars (non-cue-invariant, or NCI cells), or responded equally well to movement in all directions. CI neurons, which were rare in layer 4, tended to have larger receptive fields and to be more strongly direction selective than NCI cells. Although V1 neurons tended to show maximal responses to camouflaged bars that were longer than the 'optimal' solid bars, many CI neurons preferred first- and second-order stimuli of similar lengths. Finally, the activity evoked by the camouflaged bars was delayed in relation to that evoked by solid bars. These results demonstrate that motion CI responses are relatively common in primate V1, especially among a population of strongly direction-selective neurons. They also indicate that this response property may depend on feedback from extrastriate areas, or on complex intrinsic interactions within V1.
|
['Animals', 'Callithrix', 'Motion Perception', 'Neurons', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Visual Cortex']
| 12,379,602
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.150.114'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analyzing the research record of an institution's list of faculty publications.
|
Few health sciences libraries maintain databases and produce bibliographies of the publications of their institution's faculty. By offering such services, libraries can provide faculty members with a qualitative analysis of where and how their research is cited and its impact in the fields of biomedicine and related health sciences. Journal Citation Reports (JCR), produced by the Institute for Scientific Information, is a powerful tool that provides information on citations appearing in the largest, most frequently used, most cited, and highest-impact journals. This paper discusses the role libraries play in providing information about faculty publications, reviews how JCR is used by libraries, discusses how the Ehrman Medical Library of the New York University Medical Center uses JCR, and makes recommendations for the use of JCR to strengthen the librarian's role in providing information to faculty about the value of their research.
|
['Bibliographies as Topic', 'Databases, Bibliographic', 'Faculty, Medical', 'Humans', 'Libraries, Medical', 'Library Services', 'New York', 'Research']
| 9,160,152
|
[['L01.178.682.099', 'L01.453.183'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.300', 'L01.470.750.500'], ['M01.526.485.375', 'M01.526.702.250.373', 'N02.360.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J03.400.596.831.937', 'L01.346.596.719.875'], ['L01.453.639', 'L01.583.464'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['H01.770.644']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Suture knot embolism--a rare complication of percutaneous arterial closure device.
|
Percutaneous closure devices used after percutaneous endovascular procedures have become more popular over the past decade. Occlusive vascular complication of the device is rare but always leads to limb-threatening consequence. We report a case of arterial occlusion caused by distal embolization of the suture material in the percutaneous closure device.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Femoral Artery', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Stents', 'Sutures', 'Thrombosis']
| 18,703,357
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E07.858.690.820'], ['C14.907.355.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Newly diagnosed cystic fibrosis in middle and later life.
|
Four patients with cystic fibrosis diagnosed in middle and later life are presented. All had chronic bronchopulmonary infection with a high sweat sodium concentration, and chest radiographic evidence of upper zone bronchiectasis. Two patients had pancreatic dysfunction. Sputum culture grew mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa in three patients and Haemophilus influenzae in one. Ages at diagnosis were 63, 42, 40, and 35 years. These patients confirm the possibility of occasional longevity in cystic fibrosis and emphasise the need to consider the diagnosis at all ages. They also provide encouragement for younger patients.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Cystic Fibrosis', 'Female', 'Haemophilus influenzae', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Function Tests', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa']
| 3,918,355
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C06.689.202', 'C08.381.187', 'C16.320.190', 'C16.614.213'], ['B03.440.450.600.450.330', 'B03.660.250.550.290.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.372.600'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prevalence of chronic pain among Libyan adults in Derna City: a pilot study to assess the reliability, linguistic validity, and feasibility of using an Arabic version of the structured telephone interviews questionnaire on chronic pain.
|
There are few studies estimating the prevalence of chronic pain in countries from the Middle East. We translated the Structured Telephone Interviews Questionnaire on Chronic Pain from English into Arabic and assessed its reliability and linguistic validity before using it in a telephone survey in Libya to gather preliminary prevalence data for chronic pain. Intraclass correlations for scaled items were high, and there were no differences in answers to nominal items between the first and second completions of the questionnaire. One hundred and 4 individuals participated in a telephone survey. The prevalence of chronic pain was 25.0% (95% CI, 16.7% to 33.3%) and 50.0% (95% CI: 30.8% to 69.2) of the participants with chronic pain scored ? 12 on the Arabic S-LANSS. Mean ± SD duration of pain was 2.8 ± 1.2 years, and pain was more frequent in women (P = 0.02). 53.8% of participants had taken prescription medication for their pain, and 76.9% had used nondrug methods of treatment including traditional Libyan methods such as Kamara, a local herbal concoction. Eighty percent believed that their doctor would rather treat their illness than their pain, and 35% reported that their doctor did not think that their pain was a problem. Some participants complained that the questionnaire was too long with a mean ± SD call duration of 20 ± 5.4 minutes. We conclude that the Arabic Structured Telephone Interviews Questionnaire on Chronic Pain was reliable and linguistically valid and could be used in a large-scale telephone survey on the Libyan population. Our preliminary estimate of prevalence should be considered with caution because of the small sample size.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Attitude to Health', 'Chronic Pain', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Libya', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pilot Projects', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Translating']
| 22,978,448
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['Z01.058.266.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['L01.559.423.796']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bosentan for digital ulcers in patients with systemic sclerosis.
|
Recurrent digital ulcers are manifestations of vascular disease in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). We report six patients with severe digital ulcers who were treated with bosentan administered p.o., 62.5-125 mg daily. The mean duration from the diagnosis of SSc to the initiation of bosentan was 9.5 years, and the observation period after bosentan administration was from 7 months to 4.5 years. In case 1, neither new digital ulcers nor Raynaud's phenomenon developed for 4.5 years. In case 2, digital ulcers recurred after the discontinuation of bosentan; however, re-administration of bosentan lead to the improvement. In cases 3-5 with recurrent digital ulcers, no new lesions have developed. In these five patients, pain evaluated by visual analog scale was significantly reduced. In three patients, bosentan was discontinued because of severe liver dysfunction. These results suggest that bosentan is an effective treatment for refractory digital ulcers associated with SSc; however, liver function should be carefully monitored. Compared to the doses of bosentan used to treat pulmonary hypertension, relatively lower doses may effectively control painful digital ulcer/gangrene in patients with SSc.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Bosentan', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Female', 'Hand Dermatoses', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', 'Skin Ulcer', 'Sulfonamides', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 21,955,007
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['D02.065.884.135', 'D02.886.590.700.143', 'D03.383.742.060'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['C17.800.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784'], ['C17.800.893'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Myofibrillar myopathy caused by novel dominant negative alpha B-crystallin mutations.
|
We here report the second and third mutations in alphaB-crystallin causing myofibrillar myopathy. Two patients had adult-onset muscle weakness. Patient 1 had cervical, limb girdle, and respiratory muscle weakness and died of respiratory failure. Patient 2 had proximal and distal leg muscle weakness. Both had myopathic electromyogram with abnormal electrical irritability and muscle biopsy findings of myofibrillar myopathy and mild denervation. Myofibrillar disintegration begins at the Z-disk and results in abnormal local expression of desmin, alphaB-crystallin, dystrophin, neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), and CDC2 kinase. Seven to 8% of nuclei display early apoptotic changes. Both patients carry a truncating mutation in the C-terminal region of alphaB-crystallin (464delCT in Patient 1 and Q151X in Patient 2) which is crucial for the solubilization and chaperone functions of the molecule. cDNA analysis shows the same mutations and no alternatively spliced transcripts. Immunoblots of muscle demonstrate increased expression of wild-type and reduced expression of the mutant protein. Immunoblots under nondenaturing conditions show that the mutant protein forms lower than normal molecular weight multimeric complexes with wild type. We conclude that (1) despite its reduced expression, the mutant protein exerts a dominant negative effect; (2) mutations in alphaB-crystallin are an infrequent cause of myofibrillar myopathy; (3) alphaB-crystallin-related myopathies display phenotypic heterogeneity.
|
['Base Sequence', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Mutation', 'Myofibrils', 'alpha-Crystallin B Chain']
| 14,681,890
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A10.690.552.875', 'A11.284.430.214.190.750.620', 'A11.620.249.850', 'A11.620.500.500'], ['D12.776.306.366.100.300', 'D12.776.580.157.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Cryptococcus neoformans infection in hematologic malignancies].
|
PURPOSE: Cryptococcus is an opportunistic infection that affects immunodepressed patients and is a classical complication of AIDS-stage HIV infection. The aim of this study was to investigate Cryptococcus neoformans infections in patients with hematological malignancies.METHODS: Six cases have been described of cryptococcosis detected in Nantes, France over the past 10 years in patients with hematological malignancies.RESULTS: This infection has been found particularly in the context of lymphoproliferative disorders (chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia, Hodgkin's disease, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma), and also following cytotoxic therapy. In four cases, the patients were treated with fludarabine, which rapidly caused long-duration marked lymphocytopenia, notably in CD4 cells. Cell-mediated immunity plays a major role in systemic defense against C. neoformans. It therefore seems that fludarabine favors the spread of cryptococcal infections.CONCLUSION: In the context of lymphoproliferative syndromes treated with cytotoxic drugs, in particular fludarabine, it appears important to take into account the possible presence of cryptococcal infection in the presence of respiratory, neurological or cutaneous disorders, so that a correct diagnosis can be made and the appropriate treatment administered.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antifungal Agents', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cryptococcosis', 'Cryptococcus neoformans', 'Female', 'France', 'Hematologic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Lymphoproliferative Disorders', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Opportunistic Infections', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Vidarabine']
| 11,109,592
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C01.150.703.248'], ['B01.300.381.258.366', 'B01.300.930.316.366'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C04.588.448', 'C15.378.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['C15.604.515', 'C20.683.515'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.597', 'C01.610.684', 'C01.925.597'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.138.900', 'D13.570.065.950', 'D13.570.583.138.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Paraneoplastic anti-neuronal nuclear IgG autoantibodies (type I) localize antigen in small cell lung carcinoma.
|
Type I anti-neuronal nuclear autoantibodies (ANNA-I, also known as "Hu") are a distinctive serologic marker of small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) in patients who have peripheral neuropathies or encephalomyeloradiculopathies. A tumor antigen reactive with these antibodies has been identified by other investigators by Western blot analyses, but an antigen has not been localized in SCLC immunohistochemically. We therefore tested, by indirect immunofluorescence, the sera of 49 sequential ANNA-I-positive patients and 30 control subjects for IgG reactive with SCLC. Two tumor cell lines were tested, one established from the primary tumor of a patient with Lambert-Eaton syndrome and the second from the metastatic lesion of a patient without neurologic disease. IgG in all ANNA-I-positive sera bound to both tumors. In most instances, the pattern resembled that seen in neurons, with strong homogeneous nuclear staining, sparing of nucleoli, and faint cytoplasmic staining. A highly significant correlation was noted between endpoint dilutions obtained on SCLC substrates and on central and peripheral neurons (r = 0.863; P less than 0.001). IgG in 3 of 30 control sera bound in low titer to SCLC cells but not to neurons, and 9 control sera contained non-organ-specific anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA). The ANA IgG was absorbed equivalently by homogenates of SCLC or colonic adenocarcinoma cells. In contrast, the reactivity of ANNA-I IgG with cerebellar and myenteric plexus neurons was absorbed only by homogenized SCLC cells. These findings suggest that SCLC antigens account for all neuronal reactivity of ANNA-I. IgG of this specificity may serve as a useful reagent for identifying SCLC cells in surgical pathologic and cytologic specimens.
|
['Aged', 'Antibodies, Antinuclear', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Small Cell', 'Cell Line', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Paraneoplastic Syndromes', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 1,660,950
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.204', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.204', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.204'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.380'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C04.730'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Paediatric oral & maxillofacial surgery.
|
Children have differences in their physiology, anatomy and they are continuing to grow and develop. The management of pathology, trauma, deformity and upper airway obstruction in the young growing patient has to take into account these factors in the treatment planning for these conditions. It is important for Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons to understand the potential impact of disease or injury on the developing facial skeleton and dentition. This chapter will provide an overview of the some of the major components of paediatric maxillofacial surgery and their management.
|
['Child', 'Cleft Lip', 'Cleft Palate', 'Craniofacial Abnormalities', 'Dental Care', 'Facial Bones', 'Humans', 'Mandible', 'Mandibular Fractures', 'Pediatric Dentistry', 'Surgery, Oral']
| 29,574,813
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['C07.465.409.225', 'C07.465.525.164', 'C07.650.525.164', 'C16.131.850.525.164'], ['C05.500.460.185', 'C05.660.207.540.460.185', 'C07.320.440.185', 'C07.465.525.185', 'C07.650.500.460.185', 'C07.650.525.185', 'C16.131.621.207.540.460.185', 'C16.131.850.500.460.185', 'C16.131.850.525.185'], ['C05.660.207', 'C16.131.621.207'], ['E06.170', 'N02.421.240.190'], ['A02.835.232.781.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.400.255', 'C26.404.750.467.441', 'C26.915.300.425.500.400.255'], ['H02.163.876.600'], ['E06.892', 'H02.163.876.886']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effective detection and quantification of chemical adulterants in model fat-filled milk powders using NIRS and hierarchical modelling strategies.
|
Skimmed milk powder can be blended with indigenous vegetable oils to formulate fat-filled milk powder (FMP) to satisfy the growing demand of low-income consumers for dairy proteins in the developing countries where food control systems may be fragmented. Unscrupulous manufacturers may adulterate FMP with melamine or urea to give the false impression that it contains sufficient protein. This study investigated, for the first time, the efficacy of near infrared spectroscopy to detect and quantify melamine and urea (0.01-16.00%) in FMP formulated with 4 different vegetable oils (i.e., coconut, palm, soya-bean and sunflower). Multilevel analyses were able to detect, confirm and differentiate the adulterations with an efficiency ranging from 89.8 to 100.0%. The partial least square regression models yielded satisfactory predictions (R2p ?0.96, RSR ?0.19) at adulteration levels ?1.00%. This study provides appropriate guidelines for cost-efficient screening of FMP products for adulterants to protect public health.
|
['Animals', 'Food Contamination', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Milk', 'Plant Oils', 'Powders', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'Triazines', 'Urea']
| 31,732,247
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['D26.255.779'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851'], ['D03.383.931'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Causes and predictors of death in Brazilian lupus patients.
|
The objective of this study is to determine the causes and predictors of death in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Causes of death were defined based on death certificates, medical records, and information collected from doctors and relatives. Possible variables predicting mortality were assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods. The multivariate model was validated using the bootstrap method, and the hazard ratios were adjusted according to the shrinkage coefficient. One hundred eighty-one patients were included, and two patients were lost to follow-up. The median (IR) age at T (0) and disease duration of the 179 patients were 26.7 (21.8-34.6) and 8.2 (4.3-12.4) years, respectively. After a median (IR) follow-up of 3.3 (3.1-3.5) years, 13 (7.3 %) patients died due to end-organ failure (5), infection (5), disease activity (1), and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) (1). The cause of mesenteric ischemia in one patient could not be determined. Predictors of mortality collected at T(0) were the following: nephritis, chronic kidney disease, antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), higher modified SLEDAI-2k, higher damage index score, intravenous cyclophosphamide use, higher daily dose of prednisone, and higher systolic blood pressure. Independent predictors of mortality were higher damage index score (HR: 1.40; 95 % CI: 1.08-1.82), cyclophosphamide use (HR: 3.80; 95 % CI: 1.13-12.77), and APS diagnosis (HR: 3.82; 95 % CI: 1.07-13.59). This paper presents a high frequency of late mortality in lupus patients due to the SLE itself and infection. This result is not in agreement with the initial proposed bimodal pattern of lupus mortality, nor is it in agreement with the high frequency of CVD as a cause of death in developed countries. The most important predictors of death were related to the lupus itself.
|
['Adult', 'Brazil', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cause of Death', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prospective Studies']
| 22,461,184
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Preemptive administration of recombinant factor VII (rVIIa) in patients transplanted due to fulminant Wilson's disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Fulminant liver failure (FLF) is a severe clinical condition usually accompanied by a coagulopathy, which is one of the key selection criteria for liver transplantation. Prolongation of prothrombin time can vary between etiologies of FHF, being one of the worst in fulminant presentation of Wilson's disease. Although INR value is not predictive for hemorrhage, it is commonly accepted that INR >1.9 carries a substantial risk of intraoperative bleeding. We tested the hypothesis that preemptive administration of recombinant factor VII (rFVIIa) is a safe and efficacious approach allowing performance of urgent liver transplantation without significant bleeding and thrombotic complications.MATERIAL/METHODS: In 14 analyzed cases of fulminant Wilson's disease subjected for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), a single bolus of rFVIIa 10 minutes before skin incision was given routinely in a median dose of 55.9 microg/kg.RESULTS: Median value of INR dropped from 3.1 to 1.2 30 minutes after rFVIIa administration. Transfusion requirements in those cases did not differ from standard transfusion requirements of PRBCs observed in elective OLTx in our center (6 units v. 5, respectively). Recurrent bleeding was noted in 1 patient with the rupture of aorta. One-year survival rate in the studied group was 85.7%. Thrombotic complications were noted in none of the patients.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that preemptive use of rFVIIa allows performance of a broad surgical procedure without hemorrhagic complications and without increased risk of thromboembolic events in patients with severe coagulopathy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Blood Coagulation Disorders', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Factor VIIa', 'Female', 'Hepatolenticular Degeneration', 'Humans', 'Liver Failure, Acute', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Prothrombin Time', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate', 'Transfusion Reaction', 'Young Adult']
| 20,877,260
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.300', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.300', 'D12.776.124.125.325.300', 'D23.119.325.300'], ['C06.552.413', 'C10.228.140.079.493', 'C10.228.140.163.100.360', 'C10.228.662.400', 'C10.574.500.487', 'C16.320.400.361', 'C16.320.565.189.360', 'C16.320.565.618.403', 'C18.452.132.100.360', 'C18.452.648.189.360', 'C18.452.648.618.403'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.308.500.750'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.610', 'E05.200.625.115.610', 'G09.188.680'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C15.378.962', 'C20.920'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Metamorphosis of a scleractinian coral in response to microbial biofilms.
|
Microorganisms have been reported to induce settlement and metamorphosis in a wide range of marine invertebrate species. However, the primary cue reported for metamorphosis of coral larvae is calcareous coralline algae (CCA). Herein we report the community structure of developing coral reef biofilms and the potential role they play in triggering the metamorphosis of a scleractinian coral. Two-week-old biofilms induced metamorphosis in less than 10% of larvae, whereas metamorphosis increased significantly on older biofilms, with a maximum of 41% occurring on 8-week-old microbial films. There was a significant influence of depth in 4- and 8-week biofilms, with greater levels of metamorphosis occurring in response to shallow-water communities. Importantly, larvae were found to settle and metamorphose in response to microbial biofilms lacking CCA from both shallow and deep treatments, indicating that microorganisms not associated with CCA may play a significant role in coral metamorphosis. A polyphasic approach consisting of scanning electron microscopy, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed that coral reef biofilms were comprised of complex bacterial and microalgal communities which were distinct at each depth and time. Principal-component analysis of FISH data showed that the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium of Bacteroidetes had the largest influence on overall community composition. A low abundance of Archaea was detected in almost all biofilms, providing the first report of Archaea associated with coral reef biofilms. No differences in the relative densities of each subdivision of Proteobacteria were observed between slides that induced larval metamorphosis and those that did not. Comparative cluster analysis of bacterial DGGE patterns also revealed that there were clear age and depth distinctions in biofilm community structure; however, no difference was detected in banding profiles between biofilms which induced larval metamorphosis and those where no metamorphosis occurred. This investigation demonstrates that complex microbial communities can induce coral metamorphosis in the absence of CCA.
|
['Animals', 'Anthozoa', 'Archaea', 'Bacteria', 'Biofilms', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Cytophaga', 'Ecosystem', 'Electrophoresis', 'Eukaryota', 'Flavobacterium', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Larva', 'Metamorphosis, Biological', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Proteobacteria']
| 14,766,608
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.308.237'], ['B02'], ['B03'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['B03.440.080.130.150', 'B03.440.400.425.300.150'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['E05.196.401', 'E05.301.300'], ['B01'], ['B03.440.080.190.250', 'B03.440.400.425.310.250'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['G07.345.500.550'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['B03.660']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Arterial catheter-related bloodstream infection: incidence, pathogenesis, risk factors and prevention.
|
BACKGROUND: Arterial catheters are essential in critical care for haemodynamic and blood gas monitoring. The risk of infection remains ill defined.AIMS: To delineate the incidence, pathogenesis and risk factors for arterial catheter-related bloodstream infection (BSI).METHODS: Arterial catheters in two randomized trials in 1998-2000 were studied prospectively. One trial studied the effect of a 1% chlorhexidine-75% alcohol solution for cutaneous antisepsis for intravascular catheters, and the other trial studied the efficacy of a chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge dressing, both for prevention of catheter-related BSI. At catheter removal, skin of the insertion site, catheter segments, hub and infusate were cultured quantitatively in all cases. Catheter-related BSI was confirmed by concordance between isolates from the catheter and from blood cultures by restriction-fragment DNA subtyping. Risk factors for arterial catheter-related BSI were determined using univariate analysis.FINDINGS: Of 834 arterial catheters studied (3273 catheter-days), 109 (13%) were colonized and 11 caused bacteraemia (1.3%, 3.4 per 1000 catheter-days). The majority of catheter-related BSIs were acquired extraluminally from skin of the insertion site (63%). The risk of arterial catheter-related BSI was comparable with that for short-term non-cuffed central venous catheters (2.7%, 5.9 per 1000 CVC-days).CONCLUSION: In patients in intensive care with cryptogenic sepsis or bacteraemia, arterial catheter-related BSI must also be suspected and excluded. The most common route of infection is extraluminal; as such, novel technologies shown to prevent bloodstream infection with CVCs, such as chlorhexidine for cutaneous antisepsis and chlorhexidine-impregnated dressings, may also be of benefit with arterial catheters.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alcohols', 'Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Catheter-Related Infections', 'Catheterization, Peripheral', 'Chlorhexidine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infection Control', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,070,632
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D02.033'], ['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['C01.195'], ['E02.148.224', 'E04.100.814.529.937', 'E04.502.382.937', 'E05.157.375'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of rice residue incorporation on the speciation, potential bioavailability and risk of mercury in a contaminated paddy soil.
|
To reduce air pollution, straw return instead of burning is being strongly encouraged in China, including some mercury polluted areas. Nevertheless, the possible influences of straw return on methylation, bioavailability and exposure risk of mercury were relatively unknown. In this study, different amounts of rice straw or root were added into a mercury contaminated soil. Potential bioavailability of soil-bound mercury to crops/deposit-feeders was assessed by quantifying extraction rates of mercury (%) by calcium chloride (CaCl2)/bovine serum albumin (BSA). Extraction rates of inorganic mercury (IHg) or methylmercury (MMHg) decreased significantly in rice residue amended soils, possibly due to the strong binding of mercury with organic matter in root/straw. Meanwhile, MMHg concentrations increased by 2-8 times in amended soils. Such increases were attributed to enhanced microbial activities and/or formation of Hg-S-DOM complexes after rice residue incorporation and decomposition. Consequently, potential exposure risk of IHg (quantified as concentration of potentially bioavailable mercury in soil) decreased significantly while that of MMHg increased up to 4 times. To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that rice residue incorporation could significantly affect biogeochemistry of both IHg and MMHg in soils, which should be considered in straw incorporation activities in mercury polluted areas.
|
['Agriculture', 'Biological Availability', 'Calcium Chloride', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Mercury', 'Methylmercury Compounds', 'Oryza', 'Risk', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Waste Management', 'Waste Products']
| 25,827,269
|
[['J01.040'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D01.146.300', 'D01.210.450.150.150'], ['N06.850.460'], ['D01.268.556.504', 'D01.268.956.437', 'D01.552.544.504'], ['D02.691.750.100.738'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.616'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900'], ['D20.944', 'N06.850.460.710']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of the Bactericidal Activity of Plazomicin and Comparators against Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
|
The next-generation aminoglycoside plazomicin, in development for infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae, was evaluated alongside comparators for bactericidal activity in minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and time-kill (TK) assays against MDR Enterobacteriaceae isolates with characterized aminoglycoside and â-lactam resistance mechanisms. Overall, plazomicin and colistin were the most potent, with plazomicin demonstrating an MBC50/90 of 0.5/4 ìg/ml and sustained 3-log10 kill against MDR Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter spp.
|
['Aminoglycosides', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Carbapenems', 'Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial', 'Enterobacter', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Polymyxins', 'Sisomicin', 'Tetracyclines']
| 29,866,876
|
[['D09.408.051'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D02.065.589.099.124', 'D03.633.100.300.124'], ['G06.099.225.812', 'G06.225.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.812', 'G07.690.773.984.300.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.275', 'B03.660.250.150.170'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D04.345.566.780', 'D10.477.750', 'D12.644.050.600', 'D12.644.641.780', 'D12.776.543.695.054.600'], ['D09.408.051.374.785'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900', 'D04.615.562.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The role of surgical access in postoperative ventral hernia development].
|
Long-term follow-up of 508 patients after various surgical procedures has been conducted. Of the 351 patients were operated on using a paramedian incision, 109 had an upper median laparotomy and the rest 48 had an oblique subcostal incision. Post-operative ventral hernias were registered in 45 (8.86%) patients. The upper median laparotomy herniated in 18 (16.51%) patients, paramedian incision - in 17 (4.84%), and the oblique subcostal incision herniated in 10 (20.83%). Hernia was noticed by the patient within 12 months after the initial operation in 46.67%, of them in 85.71% - within first 6 months. 53,33% of patients were diagnosed with postoperative hernia only after thorough examination. Thus, paramedian incision is considered to be the most preferable access. Postoperative hernias develop within the first 6-12 months postoperatively, later hernia registration is a result of poor examination.
|
['Abdominal Wall', 'Adult', 'Cholecystectomy', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hernia, Ventral', 'Humans', 'Laparotomy', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Postoperative Period', 'Professional Practice', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'Wound Healing']
| 21,983,537
|
[['A01.923.047.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E04.210.120.172'], ['E01.390'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C23.300.707.374.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.406'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['N04.452.758'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Physical therapists' perceptions and experiences about barriers and facilitators of therapeutic patient-centred relationships during outpatient rehabilitation: a qualitative study.
|
BACKGROUND: Over recent years there has been a paradigm shift towards a patient-centred biopsychosocial care model in physical therapy. This new paradigm features a growing interest in understanding the contextual factors that influence the patient's experience of disease, pain and recovery. This includes generalized consensus regarding the importance of establishing a therapeutic relationship that is centred on the patient.OBJECTIVE: To explore physical therapists' perceptions and experiences regarding barriers and facilitators of therapeutic patient-centred relationships in outpatient rehabilitation settings.METHODS: This is a qualitative study with four focus groups including twenty-one physical therapists. Two researchers conducted the focus groups, using a topic guide with predetermined questions. The focus group discussions were audiotaped and videotaped, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically using a modified grounded theory approach.RESULTS: Physical therapists perceived that the therapeutic patient-centred relationship not only depends on the personal qualities of the professional, but also on the patient's attitudes and the characteristics of the context, including the organization and team coordination.CONCLUSIONS: Although being more linked towards the patients' contextual factors and needs than towards the practice of the profession, a therapeutic relationship is worth considering by physical therapists. Furthermore this study highlights the need for physical therapists and administrators to rethink the situation and propose strategies for improvement.
|
['Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Outpatients', 'Physical Therapists', 'Qualitative Research']
| 29,705,228
|
[['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.643.630'], ['M01.526.485.790', 'N02.360.790'], ['H01.770.644.241.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Judicial Reliance on Parental IQ in Appellate-Level Child Welfare Cases Involving Parents with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.
|
BACKGROUND: Parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) are over-represented in child welfare cases. Although IQ per se is an invalid indicator of parenting abilities, this study examined the prevalence of judicial consideration of parental IQ test evidence in US appellate cases.METHODS: The present authors conducted Boolean searches of Westlaw Corporation's case database since 1999. The present authors used a six-question checklist to survey the 42 most recent American appellate cases involving termination of parental rights (TPR) decisions that included evidence of parental intellectual and developmental disabilities based on IQ.RESULTS: In 86% of cases, parental low IQ was presented as a barrier to parenting competence. Higher courts uphold TPR decision in 81% of cases involving parents with intellectual and developmental disabilities.CONCLUSIONS: Parental IQ scores are routinely relied upon to judge parenting capacity in custody cases where parents have intellectual and developmental disabilities. The present authors recommend more comprehensive assessments examining a broader range of contextual variable that may impact on parenting abilities.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Child Custody', 'Child Welfare', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Intelligence', 'Parenting', 'Parents', 'United States']
| 27,891,762
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.880.787.293.370'], ['I01.880.787.293'], ['F03.625.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['F01.752.543'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Physiological properties of single thenar motor units in the F-response of younger and older adults.
|
The purpose of this study was to characterize the properties of single thenar motor units in the F-response of healthy younger (n = 15; age 33 +/- 11 years) and older subjects (n = 15; age 68 +/- 3 years). Trains of 300 stimuli at intensities evoking M-potentials 10%, 20%, and 30% of the peak-to-peak amplitude of the maximum M-potential, were delivered to the median nerve. In the young, observed firing probabilities of surface-detected motor unit action potentials (S-MUAPs) extracted from the F-response ranged from less than 1-10%, the S-MUAPs varied in size from 0.015% to 5.3% of the maximum M-potential negative peak area, and they were similar in size to the population of S-MUAPs collected by multiple point stimulation of the median nerve. The percentage difference between the slowest and fastest conducting fibers for individual subjects ranged from 8% to 20%, which translated to conduction velocities (CVs) of 48-68 m.s-1 (mean 59 +/- 4). The preceding were all independent of stimulus intensity. The S-MUAP sizes were significantly larger in older subjects (39%), and the range and distribution of motor unit CVs (38-61 m.s-1; mean 52 +/- 3) were markedly shifted to reflect a slower population of motor fibers. These findings suggest that age-related axonal slowing may uniformly affect all median motor fibers.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Axons', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscles', 'Reaction Time']
| 8,041,393
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Accuracy of CT colonography in the preoperative staging of colon cancer: a prospective study of 217 patients.
|
AIM: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of computed tomography colonography (CTC) in the preoperative localization and TN staging of colon cancer. CTC can be an effective technique for preoperative evaluation of colon cancer and could facilitate the selection of high-risk patients who may benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.METHOD: This was a prospective observational study conducted at a single tertiary-care centre. It involved 217 patients (225 tumours) who had colon cancer and underwent preoperative CTC and elective colectomy. The radiologist determined the TNM stage using postprocessing software with multiplanar images and virtual colonoscopy. The following criteria were analysed for every colon tumour: location, size and signs of direct colon wall invasion. The histopathological findings of the surgical colectomy specimens served as the reference standard for local staging.RESULTS: CTC detected all tumours and achieved an exact location in 208 cases (92.4%). CTC findings changed the surgical plan in 31 patients (14.3%) following colonoscopy. The accuracy in differentiating T3/T4 vs T1/T2 tumours was 87.1%, with a sensitivity and specificity of 88.5% and 84.1%, respectively (kappa = 0.71). For high-risk tumours (T3 ? 5 mm and T4), CTC showed an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 82.7%, 86% and 80%, respectively (kappa = 0.65). The accuracy of N-stage evaluation was 69.3%, the sensitivity 74% and the specificity 67.1% (kappa = 0.37).CONCLUSION: CTC provides accurate information for the assessment of tumour localization and T staging, allowing better surgical planning and also allows the selection of locally advanced tumours that may benefit from new treatments such as neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Colonography, Computed Tomographic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Patient Selection', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 31,161,677
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.180', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.180', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.180', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.180', 'E01.370.372.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.186.450'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cystic parotid lesions in patients at risk for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
|
Twenty-three patients at risk for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presented with cystic lesions of the parotid gland. Fourteen patients had unilateral parotid cysts and nine had bilateral enlargement. Ten patients were positive for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), three were negative for antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus, and ten refused testing. Fine-needle aspiration cytology and computed tomography were helpful in making the diagnosis of benign lymphoepithelial cyst. Superficial parotidectomy confirmed the diagnosis. Concurrent malignancy (Kaposi's sarcoma) was diagnosed in one patient from a parotid specimen. Follow-up has ranged from four months to five years.
|
['Cysts', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parotid Diseases']
| 3,166,761
|
[['C04.182', 'C23.300.306'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C07.465.815.470']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
PKC? switches Aurora B specificity to exit the abscission checkpoint.
|
The 'NoCut', or Aurora B abscission checkpoint can be activated if DNA is retained in the cleavage furrow after completion of anaphase. Checkpoint failure leads to incomplete abscission and a binucleate outcome. These phenotypes are also observed after loss of PKC? in transformed cell models. Here we show that PKC? directly modulates the Aurora B-dependent abscission checkpoint by phosphorylating Aurora B at S227. This phosphorylation invokes a switch in Aurora B specificity, with increased phosphorylation of a subset of target substrates, including the CPC subunit Borealin. This switch is essential for abscission checkpoint exit. Preventing the phosphorylation of Borealin leads to abscission failure, as does expression of a non-phosphorylatable Aurora B S227A mutant. Further, depletion of the ESCRT-III component and Aurora B substrate CHMP4C enables abscission, bypassing the PKC?-Aurora B exit pathway. Thus, we demonstrate that PKC? signals through Aurora B to exit the abscission checkpoint and complete cell division.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Anaphase', 'Aurora Kinase B', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Cytokinesis', 'Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Mutation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinase C-epsilon', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 28,004,745
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G04.144.220.220.687.222', 'G04.144.220.220.781.050', 'G05.113.220.687.250', 'G05.113.220.781.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.103.750', 'D12.776.167.049.750'], ['G04.144.109'], ['D12.776.167'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.144.220.250'], ['D05.500.199', 'D12.776.543.990.493'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725.750'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
College students' behavioral reactions upon witnessing relational peer aggression.
|
With a sample of 228 college students (82.5% females) from the Midwestern United States, individual factors that contribute to emerging adults' behavioral responses when witnessing relational aggression among their peers were explored. The experience of witnessing relational aggression was found to be systematically associated with college students' behavioral responses to relational aggression through two social cognitive processes: normative beliefs about relational aggression and susceptibility to peer influence. The experience of witnessing relational aggression was associated with defending behavior through normative beliefs about relational aggression and both assisting and reinforcing behavior through normative beliefs about relational aggression and susceptibility to peer influence. The experience of witnessing relational aggression was also associated with onlooking behavior through normative beliefs about relational aggression. The findings indicate that exposure to relational aggression as a witness may influence witness responses because of the way such exposure may shape specific social cognitions. The potential for using the study findings for promoting effective witness interventions among college students is discussed.
|
['Aggression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Peer Group', 'Social Behavior', 'Social Perception', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 24,980,268
|
[['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['F01.145.813'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation and comparison of pain questionnaires for clinical screening of osteoarthritis in cats.
|
BACKGROUND: Feline osteoarthritis (OA) is a common cause of long-standing pain and physical dysfunction. Performing a physical examination of a cat is often challenging. There is a need for disease-specific questionnaires or the so-called clinical metrology instruments (CMIs) to facilitate diagnosis and evaluation of treatment of feline OA. The CMI provides the owners an assessment of the cat's behavioural and lifestyle changes in the home environment. The purpose of the study was to evaluate readability, internal consistency, reliability and discriminatory ability of four CMIs.METHODS: This is a prospective, cross-sectional study with 142 client-owned cats. Feline OA was diagnosed based on medical history, orthopaedic examination and radiography.RESULTS: The results indicate that all four instruments have sound readability, internal consistency, are reliable over time and have good discriminatory ability. Preliminary cut-off values with optimal sensitivity and specificity were suggested for each instrument. The osteoarthritic cats showed significant changes in behavioural response to pain during orthopaedic examination, compared with sound cats.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that all four questionnaires make an important contribution in a clinical setting, and that the cat's behavioural response to pain during physical examination should be a parameter to take into account as a possible indication of chronic pain.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Cat Diseases', 'Cats', 'Creatinine', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Data Collection', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Ownership', 'Pain', 'Prospective Studies', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 31,619,513
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C22.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['I01.880.604.583.594', 'N04.452.633'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Power dissipation and time-averaged pressure in oscillating flow through a sudden area change.
|
Experiments on oscillating flow at the abrupt transition between a two-dimensional channel and essentially infinite space are presented. It is shown that phenomena associated with the transition are functions of three independent dimensionless parameters including the dimensionless radius rounding the edge of the end of the channel. The effect of each of these three parameters on the time-averaged pressure difference across the transition and the acoustic power dissipation is explored by holding two parameters fixed while varying the third. Evidence is presented that the losses due to oscillatory flow in this geometry are smaller than would be expected from commonly accepted values for steady flow in similar geometry.
|
['Acoustics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Pressure', 'Time Factors']
| 12,765,365
|
[['H01.671.031'], ['E05.599'], ['G01.374.715'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Carbohydrate sources and glycaemic control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus. EURODIAB IDDM Complications Study Group.
|
AIMS: Little information is available on the relationship between glycated haemoglobin levels and the source or amount of dietary carbohydrate. The present study compares the association of carbohydrate intake with HbA1c between European individuals with Type 1 diabetes mellitus injecting insulin once or twice per day and those with > or = 3 daily injections.METHODS: The relation of carbohydrate intake (total, cereal, fruit, vegetable, milk, and potato carbohydrate assessed by a 3-day dietary record) to HbA1c was examined in 2084 patients (age 32.6 +/- 10.2 years, duration of diabetes 14.8 +/- 9.5 years) included in the EURODIAB Complications Study.RESULTS: In both insulin injection regimens, an increased intake of total carbohydrate (% of energy) and a higher consumption of potato carbohydrates (g) were associated with higher levels of HbA1c, whereas an increased intake of vegetable carbohydrate (g) was inversely related to HbA1c. These tendencies were all more pronounced in persons with one or two daily insulin injections. Consumption of cereal and fruit carbohydrates (g) was not related to HbA1c, irrespective of the insulin injection regimen. A trend of HbA1c to increase with higher intakes of milk carbohydrate was confined to those with one or two insulin injections per day (test for interaction: P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: In particular, subjects with only 1 or 2 daily insulin injections per day should receive specific advice to correctly consider milk and potato carbohydrates. On the other hand, people with Type 1 diabetes may profit from a higher consumption of vegetable carbohydrates for their levels of HbA1c.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Edible Grain', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Fruit', 'Glycated Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Milk', 'Solanum tuberosum', 'Vegetables']
| 10,872,533
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D09.400.430.937', 'D12.776.124.400.405.440', 'D12.776.395.381', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Strategies and Considerations for Improving Expression of "Difficult to Express" Proteins in CHO Cells.
|
Despite substantial advances in the field of mammalian expression, there are still proteins that are characterized as difficult to express. Determining the expression bottleneck requires troubleshooting techniques specific for the given molecule and host. The complex array of intracellular processes involved in protein expression includes transcription, protein folding, post-translation processing, and secretion. Challenges in any of these steps could result in low protein expression, while the inherent properties of the molecule itself may limit its production via mechanisms such as cytotoxicity or inherent instability. Strategies to identify the rate-limiting step and subsequently improve expression and production are discussed here.
|
['Animals', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Engineering', 'Cricetulus', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 28,493,120
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['G04.022'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['E05.481.500.311', 'J01.293.069.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.337'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Wavelet compression of three-dimensional time-lapse biological image data.
|
The use of multifocal-plane, time-lapse recordings of living specimens has allowed investigators to visualize dynamic events both within ensembles of cells and individual cells. Recordings of such four-dimensional (4D) data from digital optical sectioning microscopy produce very large data sets. We describe a wavelet-based data compression algorithm that capitalizes on the inherent redunancies within multidimensional data to achieve higher compression levels than can be obtained from single images. The algorithm will permit remote users to roam through large 4D data sets using communication channels of modest bandwidth at high speed. This will allow animation to be used as a powerful aid to visualizing dynamic changes in three-dimensional structures.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Cells', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 15,683,567
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['A11'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Plasma lipid peroxidation: inhibited by drinking red wine but stimulated by white wine].
|
The effects of drinking red or white wine (11% alcohol) on the propensity of plasma and low density lipoprotein (LDL) to undergo lipid peroxidation (LP) was studied. 8 healthy men drank 400 ml of red wine a day for 2 weeks and 9 drank white wine similarly. The red wine supplementation resulted in a 20% similarly. The red wine supplementation resulted in a 20% reduction in the propensity of their plasma to undergo LP (in the presence of a free radical-generating system) and a 46% reduction in that of their LDL to undergo LP (in response to copper ions). Contrarily, drinking white wine for 2 weeks resulted in a 33% increase in propensity of plasma to undergo LP and in a 57% increase in that of LDL to undergo LP. The antioxidant effect of drinking red wine on plasma LP can be related to increase in plasma high density lipoprotein concentration, as well as to increase in plasma and LDL polyphenols. We conclude that some phenolic substance present in red, but not in white wine, may be responsible for the antioxidative properties of red wine supplementation for LDL LP, and thus may possess antiatherogenic properties.
|
['Alcohol Drinking', 'Antioxidants', 'Humans', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Male', 'Wine']
| 7,813,924
|
[['F01.145.317.269'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['G07.203.100.100.900', 'G07.203.200.887', 'J02.200.100.900', 'J02.350.887']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Care of the newborn in perinatal units in New Brunswick.
|
A survey of 23 perinatal units in New Brunswick hospitals was conducted by means of a mailed questionnaire to determine the type of care provided to newborns. The results showed various degrees of conformity with published guidelines for the care of newborns. Deficiencies were noted in several areas of care: failing to give or improperly giving vitamin K1 prophylaxis (in 7 of the units), flushing the eyes after silver nitrate prophylaxis (in 10), using hexachlorophene to bathe newborns (in 11) and delaying the first feeding up to 12 hours (in 3). It is essential to provide appropriate support to newborns as they adjust to a new environment and to ensure that alternative practices are in keeping with current scientific knowledge.
|
['Baths', 'Breast Feeding', 'Hand Disinfection', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'New Brunswick', 'Nurseries, Hospital', 'Ophthalmia Neonatorum', 'Postnatal Care', 'Silver Nitrate', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vitamin K']
| 3,697,868
|
[['E02.056.110'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['N06.850.670.150.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.107.567.176.494'], ['N02.278.388.557'], ['C01.150.252.289.225.625', 'C01.150.252.400.625.774', 'C01.375.354.220.625', 'C11.187.183.220.538', 'C11.294.354.220.625', 'C16.614.677'], ['E02.760.703.500', 'N02.421.143.620.550.500', 'N02.421.585.703.500'], ['D01.625.525.550.850', 'D01.847.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.721.374', 'D02.455.849.291.523.500', 'D04.615.638.721.374']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
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