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Sonographically measured hyoid bone displacement during swallow in preschool children: a preliminary study.
|
PURPOSE: This study explored normative parameters regarding maximum displacement of hyoid bone movement during spontaneous swallows using ultrasound (US) in a sample of healthy preschool children. We hypothesized that consistency and bolus size would influence hyoid movement, but gender would not be a factor.METHODS: Parental questionnaire responses and sensorimotor examinations were utilized to determine subject eligibility. Subjects were presented randomized bolus volumes of thin liquids/puree via a spoon while the US probe was placed submentally in the midsagittal plane. Maximum hyoid bone displacement was determined following a frame-by-frame analysis of the US recording during spontaneous swallowing of discrete bolus sizes.RESULTS: Twenty-nine subjects produced 346 swallows that were subsequently analyzed. Significant findings (p < 0.05) included a gender effect with the smallest bolus of liquids presented. Bootstrap estimates based on our sample revealed that 99% of preschool children would present with hyoid bone displacement within 0.3 cm of our sample.CONCLUSIONS: Based on our early experience, we were able to observe and measure changes in hyoid bone position during swallowing in preschoolers, which may be gender related. More studies are needed to corroborate our findings. In addition, comparisons of maximum hyoid displacement are warranted in subjects that present with feeding delays.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Deglutition', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyoid Bone', 'Male', 'Sex Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Ultrasonography']
| 20,725,945
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['G10.261.178'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.409'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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|
Parent Recommendations for Family Functioning With Prader-Willi Syndrome: A Rare Genetic Cause of Childhood Obesity.
|
UNLABELLED: Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is the most common genetic cause of childhood obesity. Neonates have hypotonia and may fail to growth and develop. Within a few years, behavioral problems occur along with insatiable hunger (hyperphagia) and the potential for excessive weight gain. The purpose of this study was to identify how families function when they have a child with PWS.DESIGN AND METHODS: This qualitative descriptive study was based on 20 face-to-face, audio-taped interviews with parents. They were asked to identify family responses to PWS and offer recommendations. Data were transcribed, coded and analyzed for commonalities and themes.RESULTS: There were twelve identified themes with two overarching themes of 1) taking action and 2) caring for oneself and family. Taking action was focused on achieving what was best for the child with PWS. Caring for oneself and family attempted to assure that all in the family were healthy, content, and living a fulfilling life under their circumstances.CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed parental insight as to how they learned to creatively cope with a stressful family life. There was a recognition of inevitable sacrifice and the need for changes in expectations so as to help the child with PWS flourish while also focusing on the needs of all the members of the family.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nursing and health care providers should be aware of these issues in the provision of anticipatory guidance to families contending with this genetic disorder.
|
['Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Family Relations', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Needs Assessment', 'Nursing Research', 'Parents', 'Pediatric Obesity', 'Prader-Willi Syndrome', 'Qualitative Research', 'Quality of Life', 'Rare Diseases', 'Young Adult']
| 26,684,080
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.829.263.370', 'I01.880.853.150.439'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['H01.770.644.145.390', 'H02.478.395', 'N04.590.233.508.613'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['C18.654.726.500.720', 'C23.888.144.699.500.750', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.750'], ['C10.597.606.360.690', 'C16.131.077.730', 'C16.131.260.700', 'C16.320.180.700', 'C18.654.726.500.740'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C23.550.291.906'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Sleep Deprivation and Chronic Health Conditions Among Sexual Minority Adults.
|
OBJECTIVES: To examine associations between sleep duration and health outcomes among distinct groups of sexual minority adults.METHODS: Using data from the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we compared sleep duration (very short: ? 5 hr; short: 6 hr; normal: 7-8 hr; and long: ? 9 hr per day) between cisgender straight adults and distinct groups of sexual minorities. We further examined associations between sleep duration and 10 chronic health conditions among sexual minorities.RESULTS: Of 146,893 respondents, 142,507 (96.2%) were cisgender straight, and 4,386 (3.8%) were lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT). Overall, 17.3% of LGBT respondents reported very short sleep per day, compared with 12.2% for cisgender straight respondents (p < 0.0001). Among LGBT populations, the prevalence of very short sleep varied significantly among distinct groups, ranging from 13.2% among transgender female to male adults to 35.5% among transgender gender nonconforming adults. Very short sleep was further associated with increased odds of having stroke (aOR = 4.1, 95% CI [2.2-7.6]), heart attack (aOR = 3.0, CI [1.6-5.8]), coronary heart disease (aOR = 3.1, 95% CI [1.5-6.2]), asthma (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI [1.1-2.4]), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (aOR = 2.5, CI [1.5-4.0]), arthritis (aOR = 2.1, CI [1.4-3.0]), and cancer (aOR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.0-3.2]) among sexual minorities. Disparities in the prevalence of stroke, heart attack, coronary health disease, COPD, diabetes, obesity, arthritis, and cancer were found among LGBT populations.CONCLUSIONS: Sexual minorities have a higher prevalence of sleep deprivation as compared with their straight counterparts. Sleep deprivation varies by sexual identity and gender. Very short sleep duration is associated with some chronic health conditions among LGBT populations. Promotion of sleep health education and routine medical assessment of sleep disorders are critically needed for sexual minority adults.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sexual and Gender Minorities', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Young Adult']
| 28,657,361
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.777'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Photodynamic effects on Fonsecaea monophora conidia and RAW264.7 in vitro.
|
Chromoblastomycosis (CBM), one of the neglected tropical diseases, is hard to cure and easy to be recurrent. Many studies suggest that macrophage is involved in the pathogenesis of chromoblastomycosis and the fungicidal effect of 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid-Based Photodynamic Therapy (ALA-PDT) against F. monophora (one of the main causative agent of chromoblastomycosis) has shown great promise. However, the fungicidal ability of ALA-PDT to F. monophora is still controversial and the molecular mechanism and immune mechanism of ALA-PDT against F. monophora remains poorly documented. In the present work, ALA (5-Aminolaevulinic Acid) was employed as photosensitizer and a LED device was served as light source to investigate photodynamic effect on F. monophora conidia under different ALA-PDT conditions in a direct way. RAW264.7 was stimulated by conidia treated with ALA-PDT to study the photodynamic effect on F. monophora conidia in an indirect way. It was observed that ALA-PDT can inactivate F. monophora conidia directly in a concentration-dependent and dose-dependent manner. RAW264.7 was activated indirectly by photodynamically treated conidia. ALA-PDT can enhance the fungicidal ability of RAW264.7 and protect it from Infection-induced apoptosis in an indirect way. ROS generated by photodynamic treated conidia is associated with mitochondrial-related apoptosis in RAW264.7.The results of this investigation demonstrated that ALA-PDT inactivate F. monophora through two way: directly killing F. monophora conidia through ROS-dependent Oxidative damage; activating RAW264.7 in an indirect way.
|
['Aminolevulinic Acid', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Ascomycota', 'Chromoblastomycosis', 'Light', 'Mice', 'Mitochondria', 'Photochemotherapy', 'Photosensitizing Agents', 'RAW 264.7 Cells', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Spores, Fungal']
| 28,992,604
|
[['D02.241.755.547.276', 'D12.125.262'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['B01.300.107'], ['C01.150.703.302.110', 'C01.800.200.110', 'C17.800.838.208.241'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['E02.186.500', 'E02.319.685', 'E02.774.722'], ['D27.505.954.444.600', 'D27.505.954.600.710'], ['A11.251.210.172.875', 'A11.733.397.815'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['A11.870.710', 'A19.374.500', 'B05.775.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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More attention should be paid to the formation of attitudes in doctors.
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The scientific explosion of the second half of this century has led in the medical field to a process of specialization and sub-specialization, with heavy emphasis on knowledge and technical skills and neglect of the traditional humane and interpersonal aspects of the practice of medicine. An important part of clinical competence of the physician is thereby threatened. Therefore faculties should be encouraged to devise ways of teaching the formation of the right attitude as an integral part of the curriculum and include the testing of attitude in their evaluation of final competence of the student.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Humans', 'Physicians']
| 2,095,451
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Serial assessment of left-ventricular function using tissue Doppler imaging in premature infants within 7 days of life.
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Although many echocardiographic parameters can assess cardiac function noninvasively in preterm infants, it has not been determined what indices are the best. We assessed left-ventricular performance in 101 very low-birth weight (VLBW) infants using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) echocardiography. Echocardiographic examinations, including TDI, were performed serially within 7 days of life. Pulsed-Doppler TDI waveforms were recorded at the mitral valve annulus, and peak systolic velocities (Sa), early diastolic velocities (Ea), and late diastolic velocities (Aa) were measured. Sa and Aa velocities were both decreased significantly from 3 to 12 h and then gradually increased. Ea velocities showed no significant, longitudinal changes, but Ea values in premature groups appeared to be significantly lower than those in mature groups. The ratio of E to Ea (E/Ea) of VLBW infants seemed to be almost stable from birth to day 7, and this also showed no significant differences between different gestational age groups. E/Ea values in infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) appeared to be greater than those in non-PDA infants. Our present findings suggest that TDI assessment in the early neonatal period might be useful in detecting latent systolic/diastolic failure of critically ill preterm infants.
|
['Blood Flow Velocity', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Infant, Premature, Diseases', 'Infant, Very Low Birth Weight', 'Male', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left', 'Ventricular Function, Left']
| 23,475,256
|
[['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['C16.614.521'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.600'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C14.280.945.900'], ['G09.330.955.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A monoclonal antibody to the human epidermal growth factor receptor.
|
A monoclonal antibody of the IgG class, EGFR1, has been isolated using cells of the epidermoid carcinoma line A431 as immunogen. The A431 antigen recognized by EGFR1 has an apparent molecular weight of approximately 175,000, is a cell-surface molecule which can be specifically cross-linked to EGF, exhibits an EGF-stimulated protein kinase activity, binds to EGFR1 in a number of human cell lines to a degree which parallels EGF binding, and shows EGF-dependent internalization in A431 cells and human fibroblasts. We therefore conclude that EGFR1 is directed against an antigenic site on the human EGF receptor. EGFR1 is not mitogenic for human fibroblasts and does not inhibit EGF binding under a variety of assay conditions. The characterization of EGFR1 has allowed the unambiguous assignment of the structural gene for the human EGF receptor to chromosome 7. Preliminary results suggest that a convenient method for isolating a range of anti-EGF receptor monoclonal antibodies can be developed, based on a hybridoma supernatant screening assay in which positive supernatants bind selectively to a human-mouse cell hybrid containing human chromosome 7.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X', 'Epidermal Growth Factor', 'Epitopes', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Genes', 'Humans', 'Hybridomas', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Receptors, Cell Surface']
| 6,188,757
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325'], ['D06.472.317.350', 'D12.644.276.382.500', 'D12.776.467.382.500', 'D23.529.382.500'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.353.485', 'A11.251.600.485'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.543.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Controlled release from magnetoliposomes aqueous suspensions exposed to a low intensity magnetic field.
|
Recently, the use of liposomes loaded with magnetic nanoparticles (magnetoliposomes, (MLs)) has been intensely growing as a new drug delivery system. With the use of alternating magnetic fields, it is possible to remotely control the delivery of a drug or any other macromolecule loaded inside the MLs. In this experiment, the release of a fluorescent dye from MLs is achieved through an alternating magnetic field of 20 kHz and amplitude below 100 A/m, and without a macroscopic temperature increase.
|
['Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Liposomes', 'Magnetic Fields', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Pilot Projects', 'Temperature']
| 24,482,311
|
[['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['E02.319.300'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['G01.358.750'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Synchronous bilateral renal cell carcinoma: total surgical excision.
|
Sixty-one patients with bilateral synchronous renal cell carcinoma have undergone total excision of their neoplastic disease. True follow-up of the patients has been obtained from the surgeons or the patients themselves. Fifty-one patients underwent renal parenchymal-sparing procedures in one- or two-stage operations. Successful extracorporeal tumor resection was performed on 17 kidneys. The local tumor recurrence rate is 10%. Ten patients underwent bilateral nephrectomy with maintenance hemodialysis, and 4 of these underwent renal transplantation. The 69% survival rate of the group at five years is better than that of unilateral renal cell carcinoma.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Methods', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Nephrectomy', 'Prognosis']
| 7,438,012
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['E05.581'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Incidence and predictors of sudden arrhythmic death or ventricular tachyarrhythmias after acute coronary syndrome: An asian perspective.
|
BACKGROUND: Current data on the risk of sudden arrhythmic death (SAD) and ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs) after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the Asian population are limited.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and predictors of SAD or VT after ACS in a contemporary cohort of Chinese patients in the era of early revascularization.METHODS: Consecutive patients admitted to our unit for ACS from 2010 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS: A total of 918 patients (74.8% male, mean age 65.9 ± 13.4 years) were included in the study. Of these patients, 864 (94.1%) survived to discharge. After a mean of 34.1 ± 21.8 months, 42 (4.9%) had SAD or VT. The event rate was 0.46% in month 1, 0.26% per month in the months 2 to 6, 0.15% per month in months 6 to 12, and 1.23% per year from the second year onward. In multivariate analysis, early VT (hazard ratio [HR] 5.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.63-12.72, P < .01), left ventricular ejection fraction ?35% (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.03-3.73, P = .04), prior coronary artery disease (HR 2.50, 95% CI 1.29-4.82, P < .01), triple-vessel disease (HR 3.69, 95% CI 1.81-7.54, P < .01), and chronic kidney disease (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.21-4.92, P = .01) independently predicted SAD or VT.CONCLUSION: This study reports the rate of SAD or VT among Asian patients after ACS in the era of early revascularization and optimal medical therapy. Aggressive preventive measures should be considered for patients with multiple risk factors for SAD or VT, especially in the initial period after ACS.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Female', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sex Distribution', 'Tachycardia, Ventricular', 'Ventricular Fibrillation']
| 27,641,793
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C14.280.067.845.940', 'C14.280.123.875.940', 'C23.550.073.845.940'], ['C14.280.067.922', 'C23.550.073.922']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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| 1
|
Comparisons of Noninvasive Methods Used to Assess Exercise Stroke Volume in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.
|
INTRODUCTION: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) plays an important role in properly phenotyping signs and symptoms of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The prognostic value of CPET is strengthened when accompanied by cardiac hemodynamic measurements. Although recognized as the "gold" standard, cardiac catheterization is impractical for routine CPET. Thus, advancing the scientific/methodologic understanding of noninvasive techniques for exercise cardiac hemodynamic assessment is clinically impactful in HFpEF. This study tested the concurrent validity of noninvasive acetylene gas (C2H2) uptake, echocardiography (ECHO), and oxygen pulse (O2pulse) for measuring/predicting exercise stroke volume (SV) in HFpEF.METHODS: Eighteen white HFpEF and 18 age-/sex-matched healthy controls participated in upright CPET (ages, 69 ± 9 yr vs 63 ± 9 yr). At rest, 20 W, and peak exercise, SV was measured at steady-state via C2H2 rebreathe (SVACET) and ECHO (SVECHO), whereas O2pulse was derived (=V?O2/HR).RESULTS: Resting relationships between SVACET and SVECHO, SVECHO and O2pulse, or SVACET and O2pulse were significant in HFpEF (R = 0.30, 0.36, 0.67), but not controls (R = 0.07, 0.01, 0.09), respectively. Resting relationships persisted to 20 W in HFpEF (R = 0.70, 0.53, 0.70) and controls (R = 0.05, 0.07, 0.21), respectively. Peak exercise relationships were significant in HFpEF (R = 0.62, 0.24, 0.64), but only for SVACET versus O2pulse in controls (R = 0.07, 0.04, 0.33), respectively. Standardized standard error of estimate between techniques was strongest in HFpEF at 20 W: SVACET versus SVECHO = 0.57 ± 0.22; SVECHO versus O2pulse = 0.71 ± 0.28; SVACET versus O2pulse = 0.56 ± 0.22.CONCLUSIONS: Constituting a clinically impactful step towards construct validation testing, these data suggest SVACET, SVECHO, and O2pulse demonstrate moderate-to-strong concurrent validity for measuring/predicting exercise SV in HFpEF.
|
['Acetylene', 'Aged', 'Breath Tests', 'Echocardiography', 'Exercise Test', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Function Tests', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Stroke Volume']
| 28,471,812
|
[['D02.455.326.397.259'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E01.370.370.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A 74-year-old woman with diabetes.
|
Ms M, a 74-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes of 6 years' duration, has a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) value of 7.4% despite taking 3 oral antidiabetic medications, as well as coexistent hypertension and abdominal obesity. She has no known microvascular or macrovascular complications of diabetes and is otherwise healthy. She is reluctant to commence insulin treatment as she dislikes the idea of injections and wonders if there are any alternate options if she is to get her HbA(1C) value below 7%. The natural history of type 2 diabetes, reasons why many patients begin requiring insulin over time, rationale for tight glycemic control, and therapeutic options for Ms M are discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin']
| 17,213,403
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Toe Type on Static Balance in Ballet Dancers.
|
OBJECTIVES: Some forefoot shapes are ideal for pointe work in ballet. Egyptian-type, with the hallux being longest and the remaining toes decreasing in size, and Greek-type, with the second toe longer than the hallux, are considered less optimal for pointe work. Square-type, with the second toe the same length as the hallux, is considered optimal. This study compared postural stability in the bipedal stance, demi pointe, and en pointe between ballet dancers with the two toe types using a stabilometer.METHODS: This study included 25 Japanese ballet academy dancers who had received ballet lessons for at least 6 years. Toes were categorized into Egyptian-type (n=14) and square-type (n=11). Bipedal stance, demi pointe, and en pointe were tested. Center of pressure (COP) parameters were calculated from ground-reaction forces using two force plates: total trajectory length (LNG), velocities of anterior-posterior (VAP) and medial-lateral directions (VML), and maximum range displacement in the anterior-posterior (MAXAP) and medial-lateral directions (MAXML). Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to examine differences in COP parameters.RESULTS: There were no differences in parameters during bipedal stance or demi pointe. However, dancers with Egyptian-type toes had significantly greater LNG (p<0.01), VML (p=0.01), MAXML (p<0.01), and MAXAP (p=0.03) during en pointe.CONCLUSIONS: Ballet dancers with Egyptian-type toes demonstrated greater displacement in the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions during en pointe. Ballet dancers should be aware of toe types and sway character to optimize ballet training and balance.
|
['Dancing', 'Foot', 'Hallux', 'Humans', 'Postural Balance', 'Toes']
| 32,135,003
|
[['I03.450.642.287'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['A01.378.610.250.300.792.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.830.816.541.752', 'G07.888.750.500', 'G11.427.690', 'G11.561.790.541.595'], ['A01.378.610.250.300.792']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Anesthesia on Intraocular Pressure Measured With Continuous Wireless Telemetry in Nonhuman Primates.
|
Purpose: To compare the effects of both injectable anesthesia (ketamine/dexmedetomidine versus ketamine/xylazine) and inhalant anesthesia (isoflurane) on IOP using continuous, bilateral IOP telemetry in nonhuman primates (NHP).Methods: Bilateral IOP was recorded continuously using a proven implantable telemetry system in five different sessions at least 2 weeks apart in four male rhesus macaques under two conditions: ketamine (3 mg/kg) with dexmedetomidine (50 ìg/kg) or ketamine with xylazine (0.5 mg/kg) for induction, both followed by isoflurane for maintenance. IOP transducers were calibrated via anterior chamber manometry. Bilateral IOP was averaged over 2 minutes after injectable anesthetic induction and again after isoflurane inhalant had stabilized the anesthetic plane, then compared to baseline IOP measurements acquired immediately prior to anesthesia (both before and after initial human contact).Results: When compared to pre-contact baseline measurements, ketamine/dexmedetomidine injectable anesthesia lowers IOP by 1.5 mm Hg on average (P < 0.05), but IOP did not change with ketamine/xylazine anesthesia. IOP returned to baseline levels shortly after isoflurane gas anesthesia was initiated. However, injectable anesthesia lowered IOP by an average of 5.4 mm Hg when compared to that measured after initial human contact (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Anesthetic effects on IOP are generally small when compared to precontact baseline but much larger when compared to IOP measures taken after human contact, indicating that IOP is temporarily elevated due to acute stress (similar to a "white coat effect") and then decreased with anesthetic relaxation. Anesthetic induction with ketamine/xylazine and maintenance with isoflurane gas should be used when IOP is measured postanesthesia.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Anesthetics, Combined', 'Anesthetics, Dissociative', 'Anesthetics, Inhalation', 'Animals', 'Dexmedetomidine', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Isoflurane', 'Ketamine', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Male', 'Telemetry', 'Tonometry, Ocular', 'Xylazine']
| 31,529,079
|
[['E03.155'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.017', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.017'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.075.035', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.075.035'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.035.060', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.035.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D03.383.129.308.245'], ['G14.440'], ['D02.355.601.570'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.652'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['E01.370.520.750', 'E05.925', 'L01.178.847.675'], ['E01.370.380.750'], ['D02.886.665.985', 'D03.383.855.985']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo suppression of microRNA-24 prevents the transition toward decompensated hypertrophy in aortic-constricted mice.
|
RATIONALE: During the transition from compensated hypertrophy to heart failure, the signaling between L-type Ca(2+) channels in the cell membrane/T-tubules and ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum becomes defective, partially because of the decreased expression of a T-tubule-sarcoplasmic reticulum anchoring protein, junctophilin-2. MicroRNA (miR)-24, a junctophilin-2 suppressing miR, is upregulated in hypertrophied and failing cardiomyocytes.OBJECTIVE: To test whether miR-24 suppression can protect the structural and functional integrity of L-type Ca(2+) channel-ryanodine receptor signaling in hypertrophied cardiomyocytes.METHODS AND RESULTS: In vivo silencing of miR-24 by a specific antagomir in an aorta-constricted mouse model effectively prevented the degradation of heart contraction, but not ventricular hypertrophy. Electrophysiology and confocal imaging studies showed that antagomir treatment prevented the decreases in L-type Ca(2+) channel-ryanodine receptor signaling fidelity/efficiency and whole-cell Ca(2+) transients. Further studies showed that antagomir treatment stabilized junctophilin-2 expression and protected the ultrastructure of T-tubule-sarcoplasmic reticulum junctions from disruption.CONCLUSIONS: MiR-24 suppression prevented the transition from compensated hypertrophy to decompensated hypertrophy, providing a potential strategy for early treatment against heart failure.
|
['Animals', 'Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular', 'Calcium Channels, L-Type', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Disease Progression', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Excitation Contraction Coupling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Heart Failure', 'Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'MicroRNAs', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocytes, Cardiac', 'Oligonucleotides, Antisense', 'Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum']
| 23,307,820
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.280.484.048.750.070', 'C14.280.955.249.070'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.400', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.400'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G02.111.820.800.100.500', 'G04.835.199', 'G11.427.494.235'], ['G05.308'], ['C14.280.434'], ['C14.280.195.400', 'C23.300.775.250.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A07.541.704.570', 'A10.690.552.750.570', 'A11.620.500'], ['D13.150.480', 'D13.444.600.150.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150.800', 'D12.776.210.500.800', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150.800', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150.800'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Anthocyanins encapsulated by PLGA@PEG nanoparticles potentially improved its free radical scavenging capabilities via p38/JNK pathway against Aâ1-42
|
BACKGROUND: In order to increase the bioavailability of hydrophilic unstable drugs like anthocyanins, we employed a polymer-based nanoparticles approach due to its unique properties such as high stability, improved bioavailability and high water-soluble drug loading efficiency. Anthocyanins constitute a subfamily of flavonoids that possess anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. However, anthocyanins are unstable because their phenolic hydroxyl groups are easily oxidized into quinones, causing a reduced biological activity. To overcome this drawback and improve the free radical scavenging capabilities of anthocyanins, in the current study we for the first time encapsulated the anthocyanins in biodegradable nanoparticle formulation based on poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and a stabilizer polyethylene glycol (PEG)-2000. The biological activity and neuroprotective effect of anthocyanin loaded nanoparticles (An-NPs) were investigated in SH-SY5Y cell lines.RESULTS: Morphological examination under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed the formation of smooth spherically shaped nanoparticles. The average particle size and zeta potential of An-NPs were in the range of 120-165 nm and -12 mV respectively, with a low polydispersity index (0.4) and displayed a biphasic release profile in vitro. Anthocyanins encapsulation in PLGA@PEG nanoparticles (NPs) did not destroy its inherent properties and exhibit more potent neuroprotective properties. An-NPs were nontoxic to SH-SY5Y cells and increased their cell viability against Aâ1-42 by its free radical scavenging characteristics and abrogated ROS generation via the p38-MAPK/JNK pathways accompanied by induction of endogenous nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Comparative to native bulk anthocyanins, An-NPs effectively attenuated Alzheimer's markers like APP (amyloid precursor protein), BACE-1 (beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1), neuroinflammatory markers such as p-NF-kB (phospho-nuclear factor kappa B), TNF-á (tumor necrosis factor) and iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) and neuroapoptotic markers including Bax, Bcl2, and Caspase-3 protein expressions accompanied by neurodegeneration against Aâ1-42 in SH-SY5Y cell lines.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, this data not only confirmed the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins in reducing AD pathology but also offer an effective way to improve the efficiency of anthocyanins through the use of nanodrug delivery systems.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Anthocyanins', 'Biological Availability', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Drug Liberation', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Humans', 'Lactic Acid', 'MAP Kinase Signaling System', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Nanoparticles', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Particle Size', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Polyglycolic Acid', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer']
| 28,173,812
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.087', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.087', 'D09.408.084', 'D23.767.124'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['E02.319.300'], ['G02.211', 'G03.787.321', 'G07.690.725.321'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['G02.111.820.560', 'G03.493.560', 'G04.835.560'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G02.712'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D05.750.728.780', 'D25.720.728.780', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of the anal vesicle, salivary glands and gut in the egg-larval parasitoid Chelonus inanitus: tools to take up nutrients and to manipulate the host?
|
Larvae of endoparasitoids undergo extensive morphological changes and often have special features to allow their development inside the host. We present the first detailed study on the development of the anal vesicle and the gut. The analyses reveal that the anal vesicle is first seen on the dorsal side of the abdomen as an internal structure covered by a membrane. The morphology of the abdomen then changes intensively: new segments are formed and the anal vesicle develops from a crest of large cells to a protrusion. Towards the end of the first instar, the anal vesicle is fully evaginated and no longer covered by a membrane; the large epithelial cells have microvilli on their apical side which suggests uptake of nutrients from the host's haemolymph. When the larva has moulted to the second instar, the ultrastructure of the anal vesicle begins to change and shows signs of degeneration. In this stage the epithelium of the midgut is fully developed and has a brush border which suggests that nutrient uptake occurs now primarily through the midgut. The anal vesicle then degenerates completely. The salivary glands are prominent already in first instar larvae and appear to produce and release a host regulatory 212 kD protein.
|
['Anal Canal', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Insect Proteins', 'Larva', 'Metamorphosis, Biological', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Salivary Glands', 'Spodoptera', 'Wasps']
| 16,386,270
|
[['A03.556.124.526.070', 'A03.556.249.249.070'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['G07.345.500.550'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['A03.556.500.760', 'A10.336.779', 'A14.549.760'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Robust multi-scale superpixel classification for optic cup localization.
|
This paper presents an optimal model integration framework to robustly localize the optic cup in fundus images for glaucoma detection. This work is based on the existing superpixel classification approach and makes two major contributions. First, it addresses the issues of classification performance variations due to repeated random selection of training samples, and offers a better localization solution. Second, multiple superpixel resolutions are integrated and unified for better cup boundary adherence. Compared to the state-of-the-art intra-image learning approach, we demonstrate improvements in optic cup localization accuracy with full cup-to-disc ratio range, while incurring only minor increase in computing cost.
|
['Algorithms', 'Glaucoma', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Optic Disk', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retinoscopy', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 25,453,464
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C11.525.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.380.560.500'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The fabrication of a ceramic-metal crown to fit an existing removable partial denture clasp.
|
An indirect-direct technique of fabricating a ceramic-metal crown to fit a removable partial denture clasp has been described. The chief advantage of the technique is that the entire procedure can be performed without depriving the patient of the prosthesis.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Crowns', 'Dental Abutments', 'Dental Porcelain', 'Dental Restoration, Temporary', 'Denture Design', 'Denture, Partial, Removable', 'Metals']
| 325,198
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['E06.780.346.250', 'E07.695.190.088'], ['E06.780.346.500', 'E07.695.190.175'], ['D25.339.376', 'J01.637.051.339.376', 'J01.637.153.377'], ['E06.323.528', 'E06.780.346.740', 'E07.695.190.192'], ['E06.780.346.760.300', 'E06.912.250'], ['E06.780.346.760.943.413', 'E07.695.190.200.220.230'], ['D01.552']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Assessment of motor control using kinematics analysis in preschool children born very preterm.
|
The aim of this study was to better understand the mechanisms underlying the motor difficulties encountered by children born very preterm (VPT) without major sequelae from preterm birth. We compared the organization of visuo-manual aiming in preterm and full term (FT) preschool aged children based on performance and kinematics data. Twenty preterm (4 females, 16 males) and 20 sex- and age-matched FT children were divided into two age groups (mean age: 3 years-4 months, and 5 years). Comparison of the performance data showed differences between the older preterm and FT children. Kinematics data revealed differences in movement control between the younger preterm and FT children. The younger FT children did not differ from the older children. In addition, there was an effect of age on both performance and kinematics data for the preterm children only. The pattern of results suggests difficulties in integrating sensory information for movement control in the preterm groups, leading to a delay in the development of visuo-manual coordination. Kinematics analyses may help identify children at risk for poor school performance.
|
['Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Child, Preschool', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Feedback, Psychological', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature, Diseases', 'Kinesthesis', 'Motor Skills', 'Proprioception', 'Psychomotor Disorders', 'Reaction Time', 'Reference Values']
| 17,455,240
|
[['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F03.625.421'], ['F01.058.288', 'F04.754.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.600.500'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614.521'], ['F02.830.816.541.504', 'G11.561.790.541.587'], ['F02.808.260'], ['F02.830.816.541', 'G07.888.750', 'G11.561.790.541'], ['C10.597.606.881', 'C23.888.592.604.882', 'F01.700.875'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Directed modification of the structure of cytochrome P-450 substrates as a method of generating new inducers of the microsomal monooxygenase system].
|
Using the previously obtained data on the substrate-type induction of monooxygenase by xenobiotics of phenobarbital type, the method of conversion of typical substrates for cytochrome P-450 into inducers of biosynthesis of this enzymatic system by blocking in the substrate molecule of the position subjected to oxidative conversion in the enzyme active center was tested. The introduction of the methyl group in the omega-1 position of amobarbital, of Cl- into positions 2 and 4 of biphenyl and the substitution of methyl groups for the isopropyl groups in the 4-N(CH3)2 position of aminopyrine provides for marked induction of these derivatives of cytochrome P-450 and some monooxygenase activities.
|
['Animals', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 3,663,765
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bradykinin and pituitary-adrenocortical function in the rabbit: in vitro and in vivo studies.
|
Bradykinin (BK) is a 9-amino acid peptide, which has been found to affect adrenocortical secretion in the calf and rat. We investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of BK and its receptor antagonist [D-Arg, (Hyp3,D-Phe7)]-BK (BK-A) on pituitary-adrenocortical function in the rabbit. BK and BK-A raised basal release of aldosterone, but not of corticosterone by dispersed zona glomeralosa and zona fasciculata-reficularis cells, respectively. Both peptides did not affect ACTH-stimulated aldosterone secretion. Conversely, BK concentration-dependently decreased ACTH-stimulated corticosterone production, and BK-A annulled this effect. The bolus intravenous injection of BK did not alter plasma ACTH concentration. However, BK lowered the blood concentration of both aldosterone and corticosterone, as well as the overall production of the two hormones over a period of 90 min after its administration. The simultaneous injection of BK-A blocked these effects of BK. BK-A alone did not evoke any sizeable change in blood hormonal levels. Collectively, these findings allow us to conclude that in rabbits (i) exogenous BK depresses adrenocortical secretion, through a receptor-mediated mechanism, which does not involve the inhibition of pituitary ACTH release-, and (ii) endogenous BK-like peptides do not play a relevant role in the functional regulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis, at least under basal conditions.
|
['Adrenal Cortex', 'Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Aldosterone', 'Animals', 'Bradykinin', 'Bradykinin Receptor Antagonists', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Corticosterone', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Male', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Rabbits', 'Receptors, Bradykinin', 'Time Factors']
| 10,382,676
|
[['A06.300.071.140'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.276.812.169', 'D12.644.400.090', 'D12.644.456.193', 'D12.776.467.812.169', 'D12.776.631.650.090', 'D23.469.050.375.110', 'D23.529.812.169'], ['D27.505.519.265'], ['A11.251'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.237', 'D06.472.040.585.353.237'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.080', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.220', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.220'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of hypericum extract on the expression of serotonin receptors.
|
The influence of hypericum extract LI 160 on the expression of serotonin receptors was investigated using a neuroblastoma cell line to establish a model for the regulation of neurotransmitters by immunologically active compounds such as cytokines. The cells were incubated with hypericum extract LI 160 in kinetic form for 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours, then washed. The serotonin receptor expression analysis was compared to that of a placebo control solution. The neuroblastoma cells showed a clearly reduced expression of the serotonin receptors under treatment with hypericum extract. First stimulation experiments with interleukin-1 (IL-1) and hypericum extract suggest that a further reduction of the serotonin receptors is possible when IL-1 is added.
|
['Animals', 'Antidepressive Agents', 'Hypericum', 'Interleukin-1', 'Neuroblastoma', 'Perylene', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Quercetin', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Serotonin Antagonists', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Xanthenes']
| 7,857,514
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.625.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.149.700', 'D02.455.426.559.847.680.500', 'D04.615.149.700', 'D04.615.680.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.284.777', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.284.777'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D03.633.300.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
ADP-ribosylation of thylakoid membrane polypeptides by cholera toxin is correlated with inhibition of thylakoid GTPase activity and protein phosphorylation.
|
Incubation of pea thylakoid membranes with [32P]-NAD+ in the presence of cholera toxin resulted in the [32P]-ADP-ribosylation of a 60 kDa thylakoid membrane polypeptide. When ATP was included in the incubation mixture, a 29 kDa polypeptide was also labelled. In the absence of electron transfer cofactors or inhibitors, the extent of labelling depended on whether the membranes were preincubated in the light or dark and also on the developmental stage of the leaves used for thylakoid isolation. Irrespective of the latter, the strongest labelling was observed when DCMU was present in the light. After pretreatment of the thylakoid membranes with cholera toxin plus NAD+ under the same conditions, light-stimulated GTPase activity and protein phosphorylation were inhibited. The extent of inhibition for both processes appeared to be correlated with the amount of [32P]-ADP-ribosylation found when [32P]-NAD+ was included in the pretreatment mixture. The data presented are fully consistent with the 60 and 29 kDa polypeptides functioning as thylakoid membrane associated guanine nucleotide binding regulatory proteins.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose', 'Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Chloroplasts', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Fabaceae', 'GTP Phosphohydrolases', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Light', 'Membrane Proteins', 'NAD', 'Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases', 'Phosphorylation', 'Phosphotransferases', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 2,561,911
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124.070.125', 'D09.408.620.569.070.125', 'D13.695.667.138.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.068.124.070.125', 'D13.695.827.708.070.125'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401'], ['D08.811.277.040.330'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D08.811.277.352.650'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The impact of processes of care on myocardial infarct size in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: observations from the CRISP-AMI trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the most common method of reperfusion in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the United States. The intersection between processes of care and performance measures such as door-to-balloon (D2B) times and clinical trials evaluating novel therapies for STEMI has not been fully investigated.HYPOTHESIS: Processes of STEMI care, incorporating clinical trial enrollment and randomization, in patients undergoing reperfusion with primary PCI in the Counterpulsation Reduces Infarct Size Pre-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Acute Myocardial Infarction trial (CRISP-AMI) will conform to current standards of care.METHODS: Patients enrolled in CRISP-AMI were included in the current analysis. Processes of care during reperfusion were recorded prospectively and compared between groups.RESULTS: A total of 337 patients with anterior STEMI without cardiogenic shock were randomized in CRISP-AMI. Complete processes-of-care data were available for 303 patients (89.9%). In this cohort, 68.0% of patients underwent reperfusion within 90 minutes of hospital contact, and the median D2B time was 71 minutes. Time from hospital contact to informed consent was significantly different across different regions (North America, 45 minutes; India, 35 minutes; Europe, 20 minutes).CONCLUSIONS: In CRISP-AMI, reperfusion was accomplished in a timely fashion while incorporating informed consent and randomization among patients with anterior myocardial infarction. Further study of patients' comprehension and preferences during the informed-consent process in STEMI patients is warranted so that innovative drugs and devices can be safely and ethically tested.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Pressure', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Reperfusion', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Prospective Studies']
| 25,488,040
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E04.100.700.600', 'E05.680.730.600'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A novel insight into aging: are there pluripotent very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) in adult tissues overtime depleted in an Igf-1-dependent manner?
|
Tissue and organ rejuvenation and senescence/aging are closely related to the function of stem cells. Recently, we demonstrated that a population of pluripotent Oct-4+ SSEA-1+Sca-1+Lin-CD45- very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) resides in the adult murine bone marrow (BM) and other murine tissues. We hypothesize that these pluripotent stem cells play an important role in tissue/organ rejuvenation, and have demonstrated that their proliferation and potentially premature depletion is negatively controlled by epigenetic changes of some imprinted genes that regulate insulin factor signaling (Igf2-H19 locus, Igf2R and RasGRF1). Since the attenuation of insulin/insulin growth factor (Ins/Igf) signaling positively correlates with longevity, we propose, based on our experimental data, that gradual decrease in the number of VSELs deposited in adult tissues, which occurs throughout life in an Ins/Igf signaling-dependent manner is an important mechanism of aging. In contrast, a decrease in Ins/Igf stimulation of VSELs that extends the half life of these cells in adult organs would have a beneficial effect on life span. Our preliminary data in long-living Igf-1-signaling-deficient mice show that these animals possess a 3-4 times higher number of VSELs deposited in adult BM, lending support to this novel hypothesis.
|
['Adult', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Genomic Imprinting', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Mice', 'Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Regeneration', 'Stem Cell Niche']
| 21,084,728
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.043'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['G05.308.203.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['A11.872.700'], ['G16.762'], ['G04.366.249']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Breaking the matching in nested case-control data offered several advantages for risk estimation.
|
OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the advantage of using weighted Cox regression to analyze nested case-control data in overcoming limitations encountered with traditional conditional logistic regression.STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We analyzed data from 1,051 women who were sampled in a case-control study of lung cancer nested within a cohort of breast cancer patients. We investigated how lung cancer risk is associated with radiation therapy and modified by smoking, with both conditional logistic regression and weighted Cox regression models.RESULTS: In contrast to logistic regression, weighted Cox regression exploited the information regarding radiation dose received by each individual lung. The weighted method also mitigated a problem of overmatching apparent in the data and revealed that the risk of radiotherapy-associated lung cancer was modified by smoking (P = 0.026) with a hazard ratio of 4.09 (2.31, 7.24) in unexposed smokers and 8.63 (5.04, 14.79) in smokers receiving doses >13 Gy. The cumulative risk of lung cancer increased steadily with increasing radiotherapy dose in smokers, whereas no such effect was found in nonsmokers.CONCLUSION: The weighted Cox regression makes optimal and versatile use of the information in a nested case-control design, allowing dose-response analysis of exposure to paired organs and enabling the estimation of cumulative risk.
|
['Aged', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Causality', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Sweden']
| 27,923,734
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Further studies on the genetic control of murine corneal response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
|
Intracorneal challenge of mouse strains DBA/1 and DBA/2 with Pseudomonas aeruginosa demonstrated that these strains were naturally resistant; they spontaneously recovered within four weeks postinfection. On the other hand, mouse strains BALB/c and C57BL/6 were susceptible to corneal infections and exhibited permanent eye damage. Resistance was dominant over susceptibility since the F1 generation obtained by crossing the DBA/1 or the DBA/2 strains (resistant) with the BALB/c strain (susceptible) were all resistant. Natural resistance to intracorneal challenge with P. aeruginosa is controlled by two or more autosomal dominant genes, at least one of which is located outside of the major histocompatibility (H-2) complex. F1 hybrids of the susceptible BALB/c and C57BL/6 background exhibited resistance to intracorneal infection. On the basis of these complementation studies, plus data from the F2 generation obtained by crossing the F1 progeny obtained from the mating of BALB/c with C57BL/6, it is concluded that each susceptible strain bears one autosomal resistance gene and that a dominant gene is required at each of the two loci involved for resistance to be expressed.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Hybridization, Genetic', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Immunogenetics', 'Keratitis', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Species Specificity']
| 6,658,287
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['G12.450.564'], ['H01.158.273.343.420'], ['C11.204.564'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Imidazo[5,1-f]triazin-4(3H)-ones, a new class of potent PDE 5 inhibitors.
|
2-aryl-substituted imidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(3H)-ones represent a new class of potent cGMP-PDE 5 inhibitors that prove to be superior to other purine-isosteric inhibitors. Subnanomolar inhibitors of PDE 5 with activity in in vivo models for erectile dysfunction have been identified. BAY 38-9456 (Vardenafil-hydrochloride) has been selected for clinical studies in the indication of erectile dysfunction.
|
["3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases", 'Animals', 'Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Imidazoles', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Male', 'Protein Binding', 'Rabbits', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Triazines']
| 11,958,981
|
[['D08.811.277.352.640.155', 'D12.644.360.009', 'D12.776.476.009'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.150.500', 'D08.811.277.352.640.155.500', 'D12.644.360.008.500', 'D12.644.360.009.500', 'D12.776.476.008.500', 'D12.776.476.009.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D03.383.931']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Organization and evolution of a gene cluster for human immunoglobulin variable regions of the kappa type.
|
An 80,000 base-pair region from the gene locus encoding the variable regions of the human immunoglobulins of the kappa type (V kappa genes) was cloned and analysed. The region comprises five V kappa sequences of subgroup I and one interspersed V kappa pseudogene of subgroup II. The six genes and pseudogenes are arranged at different distances but in the same orientation. The organization of the cluster can be explained by a series of amplification steps; the existence of a V kappa II pseudogene in a V kappa I gene cluster may have been the result of a transposition event; a final duplication step led to a second closely related copy of the cluster. From sequence data for altogether 16,000 base-pairs it appears that gene conversion-like events and subsequent selection contribute to both homogeneity and diversity of the V kappa repertoire.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibody Diversity', 'Base Composition', 'Base Sequence', 'Biological Evolution', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'Gene Amplification', 'Genes', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin Light Chains', 'Immunoglobulin Variable Region', 'Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains']
| 6,086,934
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G05.365.036', 'G12.500.199'], ['G02.111.080'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797', 'G02.111.570.060.425'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.705.750.530', 'D12.776.124.790.651.705.750.530', 'D12.776.377.715.548.705.750.530']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship between non-symbolic multiplication and division in childhood.
|
Children without formal education in addition and subtraction are able to perform multi-step operations over an approximate number of objects. Further, their performance improves when solving approximate (but not exact) addition and subtraction problems that allow for inversion as a shortcut (e.g., a + b - b = a). The current study examines children's ability to perform multi-step operations, and the potential for an inversion benefit, for the operations of approximate, non-symbolic multiplication and division. Children were trained to compute a multiplication and division scaling factor (*2 or /2, *4 or /4), and were then tested on problems that combined two of these factors in a way that either allowed for an inversion shortcut (e.g., 8*4/4) or did not (e.g., 8*4/2). Children's performance was significantly better than chance for all scaling factors during training, and they successfully computed the outcomes of the multi-step testing problems. They did not exhibit a performance benefit for problems with the a*b/b structure, suggesting that they did not draw upon inversion reasoning as a logical shortcut to help them solve the multi-step test problems.
|
['Child', 'Concept Formation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Male', 'Mathematics', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Problem Solving', 'Social Class']
| 26,880,261
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.785.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Selective modulation of collagenase 1 gene expression by the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin.
|
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a crucial role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis due to their ability to digest basement membrane and extracellular matrix components, thereby facilitating cell movement through connective tissues. At noncytotoxic concentrations, i.e., concentrations lower than those normally used in cancer chemotherapy, the anthracycline doxorubicin specifically inhibited collagenase 1 (MMP-1) gene expression in the highly invasive and metastatic human melanoma cell line A2058. This inhibition was specific for collagenase 1 because it did not affect the expression of two other MMPs, gelatinase A (MMP-2) and gelatinase B (MMP-9). The reduction in collagenase 1 expression correlated with a decrease in the invasive ability of tumor cells through a collagen type I matrix and was independent of the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects usually associated with this anticancer drug. The selective modulation of collagenase 1 expression by nontoxic doses of doxorubicin suggests a novel application for this chemotherapeutic agent, perhaps in combination therapy, because it decreases the invasive/metastatic potential of melanoma cells that are otherwise unaffected by this drug.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Division', 'Collagen', 'Collagenases', 'Doxorubicin', 'Gelatinases', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 1', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 2', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Melanoma', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,918,220
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.252', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.351', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.100', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.351', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.100', 'D12.644.276.848.100', 'D12.776.467.836.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.150', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.352', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.420', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.150', 'D12.644.276.848.150', 'D12.776.467.836.150'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High prevalence of screen detected prostate cancer in West Africans: implications for racial disparity of prostate cancer.
|
PURPOSE: To our knowledge the reasons for the high rates of prostate cancer in black American men are unknown. Genetic and lifestyle factors have been implicated. Better understanding of prostate cancer rates in West African men would help clarify why black American men have such high rates since the groups share genetic ancestry and yet have different lifestyles and screening practices. To estimate the prostate cancer burden in West African men we performed a population based screening study with biopsy confirmation in Ghana.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We randomly selected 1,037 healthy men 50 to 74 years old from Accra, Ghana for prostate cancer screening with prostate specific antigen testing and digital rectal examination. Men with a positive screen result (positive digital rectal examination or prostate specific antigen greater than 2.5 ng/ml) underwent transrectal ultrasound guided biopsies.RESULTS: Of the 1,037 men 154 (14.9%) had a positive digital rectal examination and 272 (26.2%) had prostate specific antigen greater than 2.5 ng/ml, including 166 with prostate specific antigen greater than 4.0 ng/ml. A total of 352 men (33.9%) had a positive screen by prostate specific antigen or digital rectal examination and 307 (87%) underwent biopsy. Of these men 73 were confirmed to have prostate cancer, yielding a 7.0% screen detected prostate cancer prevalence (65 patients), including 5.8% with prostate specific antigen greater than 4.0 ng/ml.CONCLUSIONS: In this relatively unscreened population in Africa the screen detected prostate cancer prevalence is high, suggesting a possible role of genetics in prostate cancer etiology and the disparity in prostate cancer risk between black and white American men. Further studies are needed to confirm the high prostate cancer burden in African men and the role of genetics in prostate cancer etiology.
|
['African Americans', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Aged', 'Ghana', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Neoplasms']
| 24,747,091
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dual-band perfect absorber for multispectral plasmon-enhanced infrared spectroscopy.
|
Metamaterial-based perfect absorbers utilize intrinsic loss, with the aid of appropriate structural design, to achieve near unity absorption at a certain wavelength. For most of the reported absorbers, the absorption occurs only at a single wavelength where plasmon resonances are excited in the nanostructures. Here we introduce a dual-band perfect absorber based on a gold nanocross structure. Two bands of maximum absorption of 94% are experimentally accomplished by breaking the symmetry of the cross structure. Furthermore, we demonstrate the two bands can be readily tuned throughout the mid-infrared with their associated resonances giving rise to large near-field enhancements. These features are ideal for multiband surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy applications. We experimentally demonstrate this application by simultaneously detecting two molecular vibrational modes of a 4 nm thick polymer film utilizing our proposed absorber. Furthermore, in response to variations in the interaction strength between the plasmonic and molecular dipoles, we observe an anticrossing behavior and modification in the spectral line shape of the molecular absorption peak, which are characteristic of the coupling between the two modes.
|
['Absorption', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Gold', 'Light', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Surface Plasmon Resonance']
| 22,920,565
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['E05.196.890', 'E05.601.043.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of the actin Ala-108-Pro-112 loop in actin polymerization and ATPase activities.
|
Actin plays fundamental roles in a variety of cell functions in eukaryotic cells. The polymerization-depolymerization cycle, between monomeric G-actin and fibrous F-actin, drives essential cell processes. Recently, we proposed the atomic model for the F-actin structure and found that actin was in the twisted form in the monomer and in the untwisted form in the filament. To understand how the polymerization process is regulated (Caspar, D. L. (1991) Curr. Biol. 1, 30-32), we need to know further details about the transition from the twisted to the untwisted form. For this purpose, we focused our attention on the Ala-108-Pro-112 loop, which must play crucial roles in the transition, and analyzed the consequences of the amino acid replacements on the polymerization process. As compared with the wild type, the polymerization of P109A was accelerated in both the nucleation and the elongation steps, and this was attributed to an increase in the frequency factor of the Arrhenius equation. The multiple conformations allowed by the substitution presumably resulted in the effective formation of the collision complex, thus accelerating polymerization. On the other hand, the A108G mutation reduced the rates of both nucleation and elongation due to an increase in the activation energy. In the cases of polymerization acceleration and deceleration, each functional aberration is attributed to a distinct elementary process. The rigidity of the loop, which mediates neither too strong nor too weak interactions between subdomains 1 and 3, might play crucial roles in actin polymerization.
|
['Actins', 'Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Avian Proteins', 'Chickens', 'Humans', 'Multienzyme Complexes', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary']
| 23,135,274
|
[['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.095'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.500.562', 'D08.811.600'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The stability of mechanical calibration for a kV cone beam computed tomography system integrated with linear accelerator.
|
The geometric accuracy and precision of an image-guided treatment system were assessed. Image guidance is performed using an x-ray volume imaging (XVI) system integrated with a linear accelerator and treatment planning system. Using an amorphous silicon detector and x-ray tube, volumetric computed tomography images are reconstructed from kilovoltage radiographs by filtered backprojection. Image fusion and assessment of geometric targeting are supported by the treatment planning system. To assess the limiting accuracy and precision of image-guided treatment delivery, a rigid spherical target embedded in an opaque phantom was subjected to 21 treatment sessions over a three-month period. For each session, a volumetric data set was acquired and loaded directly into an active treatment planning session. Image fusion was used to ascertain the couch correction required to position the target at the prescribed iso-center. Corrections were validated independently using megavoltage electronic portal imaging to record the target position with respect to symmetric treatment beam apertures. An initial calibration cycle followed by repeated image-guidance sessions demonstrated the XVI system could be used to relocate an unambiguous object to within less than 1 mm of the prescribed location. Treatment could then proceed within the mechanical accuracy and precision of the delivery system. The calibration procedure maintained excellent spatial resolution and delivery precision over the duration of this study, while the linear accelerator was in routine clinical use. Based on these results, the mechanical accuracy and precision of the system are ideal for supporting high-precision localization and treatment of soft-tissue targets.
|
['Calibration', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure Analysis', 'Particle Accelerators', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Radiometry', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted', 'Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Systems Integration', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 16,485,420
|
[['E05.978.155'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325.192'], ['E07.710.680'], ['E07.671'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['E05.799'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.950.825', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.608'], ['E02.815.635', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['H01.770.787', 'L01.906.787'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Gastric surgery is not a risk for Barrett's esophagus or esophageal adenocarcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND & AIMS: The contribution of duodeno-gastroesophageal reflux to the development of Barrett's esophagus has remained an interesting but controversial topic. The present study assessed the risk for Barrett's esophagus after partial gastrectomy.METHODS: The data of outpatients from a medicine and gastroenterology clinic who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for any reason were analyzed in a case-control study. A case population of 650 patients with short- segment and 366 patients with long-segment Barrett's esophagus was compared in a multivariate logistic regression to a control population of 3047 subjects without Barrett's esophagus or other types of gastroesophageal reflux disease.RESULTS: In the case population, 25 (4%) patients with short-segment and 15 (4%) patients with long-segment Barrett's esophagus presented with a history of gastric surgery compared with 162 (5%) patients in the control population, yielding an adjusted odds ratio of 0.89 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.54-1.46 for short-segment and an adjusted odds ratio of 0.71 (0.30-1.72) for long-segment Barrett's esophagus. Similar results were obtained in separate analyses of 64 patients with Billroth-1 gastrectomy, 105 patients with Billroth-2 gastrectomy, and 33 patients with vagotomy and pyloroplasty for both short- and long-segment Barrett's esophagus. Caucasian ethnicity, the presence of hiatus hernia, and alcohol consumption were all associated with elevated risks for Barrett's esophagus.CONCLUSIONS: Gastric surgery for benign peptic ulcer disease is not a risk factor for either short- or long-segment Barrett's esophagus. This lack of association between gastric surgery and Barrett's esophagus suggests that reflux of bile without acid is not sufficient to damage the esophageal mucosa.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Barrett Esophagus', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Risk Factors']
| 11,729,106
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.834.154', 'C06.405.117.102'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An in vitro evaluation of gaseous microemboli handling by contemporary venous reservoirs and oxygenator systems using EDAC.
|
Gaseous microemboli (GME) generated during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) can present a significant risk to patient outcomes, specifically if they are delivered to the cerebral vasculature. A number of GME sources have been identified, leading to improved clinical practice and equipment design to ameliorate the presence and intensity of GME during CPB. Recently, a number of new venous reservoir/oxygenator systems have entered the market, including the Sorin Inspire6 and Inspire8, the Terumo FX15 and FX25 and the Maquet Quadrox-i. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the GME-handling capacity of these contemporary venous reservoirs, oxygenators and complete systems, as well as our currently used Sorin Synthesis, using the EDAC system. The venous reservoir of the Quadrox-i was the most effective in removing all sizes of GME and total GME load, while the Synthesis was the least effective. The FX15 and FX25 were least effective removing small GME, while the FX15 and Quadrox-i were the least effective at removing medium GME. The Quadrox-i was least effective at removing large GME. In terms of complete venous reservoir/oxygenator systems, the Synthesis permitted the greatest amount of GME to pass, while the other systems appeared largely equivalent.
|
['Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Embolic Protection Devices', 'Embolism, Air', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Humans']
| 25,987,549
|
[['E04.292.413'], ['E07.695.207'], ['C14.907.355.350.254'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optic Disc Pit Maculopathy: New Perspectives on the Natural History.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate the natural history of optic disc pit maculopathy and explore the associations between demographic, anatomic, and functional characteristics.DESIGN: Retrospective, comparative case series.METHODS: This was a single-center medical record review of previously untreated optic disc pit maculopathy. Baseline data of visual function, demographics, and pit physiognomy were collected, and further subgroup analysis was undertaken on patients with long-term follow-up, according to whether they were monitored or received surgical intervention. LogMAR visual acuity was the primary outcome measure, and anatomic characteristics were reported where available.RESULTS: Eighty-seven patients were identified with a new presentation of optic disc pit maculopathy. No demographic or pit features were correlated with vision at baseline. In 51 patients with available optical coherence tomography data, only the presence of subretinal fluid at baseline was associated with poorer visual acuity (P < .001). Fifty-two patients who were monitored without treatment had available long-term follow-up data. The mean change in visual acuity in this group was 0.01, with 77% maintaining visual acuity ?0.30. Twenty-seven patients underwent surgery and showed significant postoperative improvement in vision (P < .001), with 59% achieving an acuity ?0.30. Duration of postoperative follow-up was associated with better visual acuity (P = .007).CONCLUSION: Many patients with optic disc pit maculopathy maintain good long-term visual acuity and may demonstrate resolution of subretinal fluid in the absence of surgical intervention. There may be evidence to support delaying surgical treatment until visual deterioration is observed because of the potential stability or spontaneous improvement of the condition, the high rate of reoperation, and the long-term positive outcomes of deferred intervention.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Macula Lutea', 'Macular Degeneration', 'Male', 'Optic Disk', 'Optic Nerve Diseases', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Acuity']
| 31,095,956
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.729.522'], ['C11.768.585.439'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['C10.292.700', 'C11.640'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mechanism of interaction between Ku protein and DNA.
|
The mechanism of interaction between the Ku autoantigenic protein, a heterodimer of noncovalently linked 70,000- and 80,000-dalton subunits, and DNA was studied using immunoaffinity-purified Ku protein and a 300-base pair EcoRI fragment from HeLa cell DNA. In the nitrocellulose filter-binding assay, the Ku protein bound 32P-labeled double-stranded DNA, and much less efficiently single-stranded DNA. The binding of Ku to DNA was dependent on ionic strength and prevented by IgG from patient sera containing anti-Ku antibodies. In competitive assays, using unlabeled nucleic acid competitors, the DNA binding of Ku was not inhibited in the presence of yeast tRNA, synthetic copolymer of poly(A)-poly(dT), or circular plasmid pBR322 DNA, but was inhibited when the plasmid DNA was cleaved with appropriate restriction endonucleases. The inhibitory activities of cleaved plasmid DNA were independent of the configuration or nucleotide sequences at ends but proportional to the number of recognition sites of restriction enzymes used. Footprint analysis demonstrated that Ku protein protected both 3'- and 5'-terminal regions of double-stranded DNA from DNase I digestion. When Ku protein was fractionated electrophoretically, transferred to nitrocellulose filter, and probed with 32P-labeled DNA, only the 70,000-dalton subunit exhibited DNA binding. Thus, the Ku protein appears to recognize selectively ends of double-stranded DNA molecules. Possible functions of the Ku autoantigen in eukaryotic cells are discussed.
|
['Antigens, Nuclear', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Autoantigens', 'Binding, Competitive', 'DNA', 'DNA Helicases', 'DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunologic Techniques', 'Ku Autoantigen', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Myositis', 'Nucleic Acid Denaturation', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Plasmids', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Syndrome']
| 3,015,926
|
[['D12.776.660.625', 'D23.050.290'], ['D23.050.301'], ['D23.050.422'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159', 'D08.811.399.340'], ['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.478'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.159.155', 'D08.811.399.340.155', 'D12.776.157.687.493', 'D12.776.260.525', 'D12.776.660.625.625', 'D12.776.660.720.493', 'D23.050.290.625'], ['D05'], ['C05.651.594', 'C10.668.491.562'], ['E05.393.640', 'G02.111.603', 'G05.627'], ['G02.640'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Surgical management of bilateral ureteral endometriosis.
|
Ureteral endometriosis is a rare disease that typically is unilateral. Endometriosis involving both ureters and surgical management after hormone therapy failure has seldom been described. We describe a patient with bilateral ureteral endometriosis who underwent ureteroneocystostomy with psoas hitches of both ureters. A 33-year-old woman with advanced endometriosis and recurrent pyelonephritis was found to have high-grade bilateral ureteral obstruction at the pelvic inlet from ureteral endometriosis. The patient subsequently underwent a supracervical hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, ureterolysis, and ureteroneocystostomy with psoas hitches and ureteral stent placements. Surgical therapy is reserved for advanced disease with the optimal choice being a ureteral reimplantation with a psoas hitch. The key operative point for a successful psoas hitch ureteral reimplantation is completely mobilizing the bladder anteriorly and laterally.
|
['Adult', 'Endometriosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ureteral Diseases']
| 17,115,290
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C13.351.500.163'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.725', 'C13.351.968.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Vertebral trabecular bone in various age groups and in osteoporosis-- morphometry and bone matrix biochemistry].
|
Vertebral trabecular bone was analysed by morphometry and bone matrix biochemistry. Trabecular bone volume (TBV) and mean trabecular plate thickness (MTPT) decreased with age. TBV was significantly correlated with MTPT and mean trabecular plate density (MTPD). The individual structure of trabecular bone could be described by both MTPT and MTPD together, but changes of these parameters, that were pathognomonic for osteopenia, were not found. By measuring TBV 3 cases of severe osteopenia were identified (TBV less than 2s of controls); 2 of them showed matrix abnormalities so far not described. In one case (a 67 year old woman without risk factors for osteoporosis) an abnormal high content of type III collagen was found, in the other case (a 44 year old woman with acromegaly) bone matrix analysis atypically revealed a significant fraction of type II collagen. Further studies will be needed to assess the pathogenetic or diagnostic importance of these new findings.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Autopsy', 'Bone Development', 'Collagen', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoporosis', 'Reference Values', 'Spine']
| 1,708,593
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500', 'G11.427.578.050.500'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A02.835.232.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Interpersonal and social rhythm group therapy for patients with bipolar disorder.
|
This article describes Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy (IPSRT) adapted for use in a group setting for patients with bipolar disorder. In a preliminary efficacy study, we studied the pre-post group treatment effect on affective symptoms. One-year pre-post findings in the IPSRT group indicated that this modality was effective in reducing depressive symptoms and might reduce the number of hospital admissions. Also, group IPSRT increased stability of the social rhythm, which is thought to be important in reducing recurrence of manic and depressive episodes. These findings suggest that group IPSRT could be an additional treatment option for patients with bipolar disorder who continue to have mood episodes despite adequate pharmacotherapy and psychoeducation.
|
['Adult', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Psychometrics', 'Psychotherapy, Group', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,252,817
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.084.500'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['F04.711.780'], ['F04.754.864.581'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distinct Pattern of Thymidine Analogue Mutations with K65R in Patients Failing Tenofovir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy.
|
Historically, in HIV patients, the K65R mutation and thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs) have been reported to rarely coexist. We retrospectively reviewed genotype data from paired samples in a cohort of HIV-1-infected Nigerian patients failing first-line antiretroviral therapies containing zidovudine (AZT) or tenofovir (TDF). Samples for each patient were taken at initial confirmed virological failure ?1000 copies/ml (S1) and then at the latest available sample with viral load ?1000 copies/ml before switch to second line (S2). Among 103 patients failing AZT, 19 (18.4%) had TAM-1s, 29 (28.2%) TAM-2s, and 21 (20.4%) mixed TAMs by S2. In contrast, in the 87 patients failing TDF, drug resistance mutations at S2 included K65R in 56 (64.4%), TAM-1s in 1 (1.1%), and TAM-2s in 25 patients (28.7%). Interestingly, 30.4% of patients with K65R in our study developed TAMs. These were exclusively K219E ± D67N and were not predicted to confer a resistance cost to future AZT-containing regimens.
|
['Drug Resistance, Viral', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV Reverse Transcriptase', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Nigeria', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors', 'Tenofovir', 'Treatment Failure', 'Viral Load', 'Zidovudine']
| 29,084,434
|
[['G06.225.420', 'G06.920.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269.420'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.775.375.750.187', 'D12.776.964.775.562.764.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.545.875', 'D12.776.964.900.750.500.750.187', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.545.875', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.375.750.187'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308'], ['D02.705.429.906', 'D03.633.100.759.138.881'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['D03.383.742.680.705.950', 'D13.570.230.500.950', 'D13.570.230.855.950', 'D13.570.685.705.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Granzyme B and TIA-1 expression in chronic and acute on chronic renal allograft rejection.
|
Although active inflammation may be deleterious and indicate immunologic activation in chronically rejected grafts, the underlying mechanism of tissue destruction has been little studied. Twenty-four cases of chronic rejection (CR) with or without acute rejection (AR) were stained with antibodies against CD3, CD8, CD68, granzyme B and TIA-1, and the number of positive cells were counted. Eleven cases of AR served as controls. The number of CD3 and CD8 positive cells increased in the acute on CR group compared to the CR group. About a half of CD3 positive T cells were CD8 positive in both groups, however, the proportion of TIA-1 or granzyme B positive cells was higher in the acute on CR group. The numbers of CD3, CD68, granzyme B and TIA-1 positive cells were higher in the AR group than the acute on CR group, however, no significant difference was found between the two groups. Serum creatinine level and proteinuria at the time of biopsy and the percentages of late onset AR and graft failure rate were higher in the acute on CR group than the CR group. Summarizing, these results suggest that infiltration of activated T cells containing cytotoxic granules plays a role in graft destruction in acute on CR.
|
['Adult', 'CD3 Complex', 'CD8 Antigens', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft Rejection', 'Granzymes', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Poly(A)-Binding Proteins', 'Proteins', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'T-Cell Intracellular Antigen-1', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 11,456,393
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.108', 'D23.101.100.894.108'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.397', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.157.725.452', 'D12.776.664.962.452'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['D12.776.157.725.452.750', 'D12.776.157.725.813.937', 'D12.776.157.725.829.875', 'D12.776.664.962.452.750', 'D12.776.664.962.813.937', 'D12.776.664.962.829.875'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Determination of conformer-specific partition coefficients in octanol/water systems.
|
The first conformer-specific experimental partition coefficients are presented for octanol/water, the most widespread solvent system to predict lipophilicity of drugs. Rotamer populations in octanol and water were elucidated from 1H NMR vicinal coupling constants and were combined with classical partition coefficients to obtain the conformer-specific ones. Feasibility of the determination of conformer-specific partition coefficients is exemplified on amphetamine and clenbuterol, two flexible drug molecules. Partition capacities of the amphetamine rotamers have been proven to be essentially equal. The conformers of clenbuterol, however, have been found to be greatly different in partition properties, which could be interpreted in terms of intramolecular interactions between the vicinal polar sites and the solvent-accessibility of the groups. The conformers could be put into order of their membrane-influx and -outflow propensities. Deviations between experimental and calculated log P values could also be interpreted in view of the species-specific partition coefficients.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amphetamine', 'Clenbuterol', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Octanols', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Solubility', 'Water']
| 12,747,795
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.110'], ['D02.033.100.291.231', 'D02.092.063.291.231'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D02.033.415.600', 'D10.289.600'], ['D26'], ['G02.805'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Squaraine Dyes: Interaction with Bovine Serum Albumin to Investigate Supramolecular Adducts with Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) Properties.
|
Bovine serum albumin (BSA)-squaraine supramolecular adducts with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic methods. While squaraine dyes showed a very low fluorescence quantum yield in water, a great enhancement in the fluorescence of the aggregated BSA adducts was achieved due to the abnormal aggregation-induced emission properties of squaraines. The adducts formation was studied from a kinetic point of view showing unexpected structure-properties relationships.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cyclobutanes', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Kinetics', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Phenols', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Thermodynamics']
| 30,645,031
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.201'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The correlation of changes in systolic blood pressure with regional anatomical regression of hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on chronic antihypertensive therapy (greater than 1 year): alpha-methyldopa compared to propranolol.
|
Twenty patients with mild to moderate hypertension and evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (relative wall thickness greater than or equal to 0.45), who previously had not received either alpha-methyldopa or propranolol, were allocated at random to treatment with one or other of these drugs as monotherapy after a 2-week baseline period on no medication. Dosage was titrated until normotension was attained and patients were then maintained on this treatment for a year. Analysis of blood pressure measurements and echocardiograms taken before and during maintenance therapy showed that there were significantly correlated changes in systolic blood pressure and heart rate with left ventricular cavity and regional wall changes during chronic drug administration. In the alpha-methyldopa group there were significant correlations between changes in erect and supine systolic blood pressure and the posterior wall index, and in erect systolic blood pressure and left ventricular mass. In the propranolol group, there were significant correlations between changes in supine systolic blood pressure and interventricular septal thickness, and in erect heart rate and supine systolic blood pressure with the percentage change in internal diameter of the left ventricle. It is suggested that these observations may have important therapeutic implications for hypertensive patients with documented left ventricular hypertrophy.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Echocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Methyldopa', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardium', 'Propranolol']
| 6,233,093
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D02.092.311.200.538', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.538', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.600', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Formation of ubiquitin dimers via azide-alkyne click reaction.
|
The conjugation of poly-ubiquitin chains is a widespread post-translational modification of proteins that plays a role in many different cellular processes. Notably, the biological function of the attached ubiquitin chain depends on which lysine residue is used for chain formation. Here, we report a method for the modular synthesis of site-specifically linked ubiquitin dimers, which is based on click reaction between two artificial amino acids. In this way, it is possible to synthesize all seven naturally occurring ubiquitin connectivities, thus giving access to all ubiquitin dimers. Furthermore, this method can be generally applied to link ubiquitin to any substrate protein or even to link any two proteins site specifically.
|
['Alkynes', 'Amino Acids', 'Azides', 'Click Chemistry', 'Methanosarcina barkeri', 'Polyubiquitin', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'RNA, Transfer', 'Ubiquitination']
| 22,350,914
|
[['D02.455.326.397'], ['D12.125'], ['D01.625.100', 'D02.159'], ['E05.197.124', 'J01.897.836.249.124'], ['B02.200.765.550.550.200'], ['D12.776.947.500.500'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D13.444.735.757'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.925', 'G02.111.691.600.775', 'G03.734.871.790.600.831', 'G05.308.670.600.831']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Organization of rhythmic buccal motor output of Lymnaea stagnalis in the absence of food.
|
The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis exhibits spontaneous rasping movements in the absence of food which are thought to be involved in food searching activity. Rasping activity is patterned into bouts, separated by periods of quiescence. Recordings from buccal feeding motoneurons in the isolated CNS reveal similar bouts of rhythmic motor output, though the modal cycle period is significantly longer than that shown by intact snails. Log survivorship curves of interval data from both intact animals and isolated CNS indicate that the pattern of motor output is controlled by at least two processes, one generating intervals between rasps within a bout, and the other generating intervals between bouts of rasping. When compared to well-fed individuals, 2-day-starved snails show significant enhancement of the probability function for generation of intervals between rasps within a bout; the function underlying between-bout intervals is not significantly affected.
|
['Animals', 'Appetitive Behavior', 'Central Nervous System', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Hunger', 'Interneurons', 'Lymnaea', 'Masticatory Muscles', 'Motor Neurons', 'Nerve Net']
| 3,689,287
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113.111'], ['A08.186'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F01.658.293.391', 'G07.203.650.390', 'G10.261.390'], ['A08.675.358', 'A11.671.358'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750.645'], ['A02.633.567.600', 'A14.530'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['A08.511']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Health Locus of Control Beliefs in Health Care Providers in the Pacific Basin.
|
As part of the strategic plan to improve preconception care, health care providers are advised to counsel women about developing a reproductive life plan. Women are asked think about whether they want to become pregnant and have children and if so, when they would like to do so. The utility of a reproductive life plan is based on the premise that an individual has control over their own health and reproduction. Less is known regarding the beliefs of health care providers which may be important for strategizing educational and training programs. We conducted this project to examine whether health care providers in the Pacific Basin region who are providing reproductive health care, believe they have control over their own health. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale was used to survey attendees of the Annual Title X Reproductive Health Conference in Saipan, Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas. The cohort of reproductive health care providers surveyed (n=21) showed high internal control scores with a mean of 29.9 (SD = 3.5) and a range of 21 to 36 (maximum score = 36) consistent with individuals who have a strong belief that their health is most influenced by their own behavior. Chance and "powerful others" scores were consistent with means noted in other studies of healthy individuals. Understanding providers' health beliefs can aid in designing and executing more effective interventions to improve reproductive health outcomes.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Micronesia', 'Middle Aged', 'Preconception Care', 'Social Control, Formal', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 30,533,285
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.639.760.680'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.775', 'N02.421.143.620.620', 'N02.421.585.775', 'N02.421.920.660'], ['I01.880.604', 'N03.706'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of hydroxamic acids on growth and urease activity in Corynebacterium renale.
|
Studies were conducted on the effect of four different hydroxamic acids (HA), hydroxyurea, acetohydroxamic acid, p-flurobenzoylhydroxamic acid and sorbylhydroxamic acid, on the growth and urease activity of Corynebacterium renale. The addition of each of these HA, at concentrations ranging form 10(-3) to 10(-5) M, to medium containing urea as the sole nitrogen source resulted in a lengthened lag period of growth the extent of which depended upon the concentration of each HA tested as well as the structure of the compound; that is, the size and (or) complexity of the side chain attached to the common terminal group of the molecule. However, the maximal growth levels achieved following conclusion of the exponential phase were not affected by the HA. Investigations on the effect of these HA on the urease activity of intact cells as well as cell-free extracts revealed that in each case the enzymatic activity was inhibited by each of the HA tested. The extent of inhibition with the intact cells was aobut one-half of that observed with cell-free extracts. Direct incubation of cell-free extracts as well as intact cells with each of the HA tested was required for maximal inhibition.
|
['Cell-Free System', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Corynebacterium', 'Hydroxamic Acids', 'Hydroxyurea', 'Urease']
| 1,260,545
|
[['A11.284.835.168'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['B03.510.024.250', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200'], ['D02.092.570.394', 'D02.241.511.372'], ['D02.065.950.395'], ['D08.811.277.087.902']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Whole body oxygen uptake is not a good indicator of liver allograft function following orthotopic liver transplantation.
|
Variations of whole body oxygen uptake (VO2) have been studied during orthotopic liver transplantation. Some authors have suggested that the increase in VO2 after revascularization of the graft could be an index of good function of the grafted liver and thus low VO2 an early sign of primary non-function. The purpose of our study was to assess the temporal course of measured respiratory VO2 and to compare the VO2 changes to indicators of hepatic function. We used a metabolic monitor (Deltatrac, Datex Corp. Finland) to measure VO2 in 18 patients during transplantation. Clotting factors II and V at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days post-operatively and peak serum transaminases within the first 3 post-operative days were determined. Variations of VO2 were a decrease during the anhepatic phase and an increase following the reperfusion phase as compared to the VO2 value obtained at the beginning of the procedure. No correlation was found between the increase in VO2 after reperfusion of the graft and either factor II (r = 0.33-0.4), factor V (r = 0.23-0.43) or peak transaminases (r = 0.13). One patient developed a primary non-function of the graft. For this patient VO2 increased far above the pre-anhepatic values. The authors conclude that VO2 is not a reliable sign of graft function.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anesthesia, Intravenous', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Constriction', 'Factor V', 'Hepatectomy', 'Humans', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Size', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Portacaval Shunt, Surgical', 'Portal Vein', 'Prothrombin', 'Time Factors', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Vena Cava, Inferior']
| 8,050,425
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E03.155.308'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['E05.225'], ['D12.776.124.125.300', 'D12.776.811.272', 'D23.119.300'], ['E04.210.556'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G03.680'], ['E04.035.760.755', 'E04.100.814.868.937.790'], ['A07.015.908.670.567'], ['D08.622.709', 'D12.776.124.125.800', 'D12.776.811.243.709', 'D23.119.945'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E04.936.864'], ['A07.015.908.949.648']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Investigation of the diversity of homoacetogenic bacteria in mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic sludges using the formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase gene.
|
Homoacetogenic bacteria are strict anaerobes capable of autotrophic growth on H(2)/CO(2) or CO, and of heterotrophic growth on a wide range of sugars, alcohols, methoxylated aromatic compounds and one carbon compounds, yielding acetate as their sole metabolic end-product. Batch activity tests on anaerobic granular sludge, using H(2)/CO(2) as a substrate and 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES) as a specific methanogenic inhibitor revealed that H(2)/CO(2) conversion and concomitant acetate production commenced only after a lag period of 60-100 h. This finding suggests that the homoacetogenic population of digester sludge could be maintained by heterotrophic growth on sugars or other organic compounds, rather than by autotrophic growth on H(2)/CO(2). In the present study, two upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactors were operated at 37 degrees C and 55 degrees C for two distinct trial periods, each characterised by the application of influents designed to enrich for homoacetogenic bacteria. Specific primers designed for the amplification of the functional gene encoding formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (FTHFS), a key enzyme in the acetyl-CoA pathway of acetogenesis, were used as a specific probe for acetogenic bacteria. The diversity of acetogens in the granular sludge cultivated in each reactor was revealed by application of FTHFS targeted PCR. Results show that biomass acetogenic composition was dependent upon the operational temperature of the reactor and the substrate supplied as influent.
|
['Alkanesulfonic Acids', 'Anaerobiosis', 'Bacteria', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Formate-Tetrahydrofolate Ligase', 'Formates', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Sewage', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Temperature']
| 18,401,137
|
[['D02.455.326.146.100', 'D02.886.645.600.055'], ['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['B03'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D08.811.464.259.550'], ['D02.241.081.420'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['G02.111.835'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Disinfection of greywater effluent and regrowth potential of selected bacteria.
|
Chlorination and UV irradiation of RBC (rotating biological contactor)-treated light GW (greywater) was investigated. The ability of chlorine and UV to inactivate indictor bacteria (FC - Faecal Coliforms, HPC - Heterotrophic Plate Count) and specific pathogens (P.a. - Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp., S.a. - Staphylococcus aureus sp.), was assessed and their regrowth potential was examined. The RBC removed 88.5-99.9% of all four bacteria groups. Nevertheless, the treated GW had to be disinfected. Most of the chlorine was consumed during the first 0.5 h, while later its decay rate decreased significantly, leaving enough residual after 6 h to prevent regrowth and to further inactivate bacteria in the stored GW effluent. Under exposure to low UV doses (?69 mJ/cm(2)) FC was the most resistant bacteria group, followed by HPC, P.a. and S.a. Exposure to higher doses (?439 mJs/cm(2)) completely inactivated FC, P.a. and S.a., while no further HPC inactivation was observed. FC, P.a. and S.a. did not exhibit regrowth after exposure to all the UV doses applied (up to 6 h storage). HPC did not exhibit regrowth after exposure to low UV doses (19-69 mJ/cm2), while it presented statistically significant regrowth in un-disinfected effluent and after exposure to higher UV doses (147-439 mJ/cm(2)).
|
['Bacteria', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Chlorine', 'Disinfection', 'Halogenation', 'Pilot Projects', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Microbiology']
| 21,411,943
|
[['B03'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['D01.268.380.150', 'D01.362.225'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['G02.111.323', 'G03.360'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of alloxan induced mild insulin dependent diabetes mellitus on rat erythrocyte cytosolic dehydrogenases.
|
In order to understand how the red cell of mild insulin dependent diabetes mellitus rat perform the normal physiological function and maintain integrity cytosolic dehydrogenases were assayed. Lactate dehydrogenase produces the cofactor for glycolytic enzymes while glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase produces the coenzymes for oxygen radical scavanging enzymes. Decrease in activity of cytosolic dehydrogenase renders diabetic erythrocyte population more susceptible to oxidant stress.
|
['Animals', 'Cytosol', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase', 'Rats']
| 8,781,036
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.300'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D08.811.682.047.150.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Facile synthesis of stable CdTe/CdS QDs using dithiol as surface ligand for alkaline phosphatase detection based on inner filter effect.
|
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a universal and important hydrolase that has been proved to be associated with several diseases. Herein, a simple and effective method was proposed for ALP detection based on the inner filter effect of p-nitrophenol (pNP) on the fluorescence of CdTe/CdS quantum dots (QDs). For the preparation of CdTe/CdS QDs, Na2TeO3 was used as the Te source, and dithiol as the S source and surface ligand. The as-prepared CdTe/CdS QDs show good fluorescence properties, such as high quantum yield (?80%), and good chemical/photo-stability. pNP is a hydrolysate of p-nitrophenol phosphate disodium salt under the catalysis of ALP, which could effectively quench the fluorescence of QDs due to the absorption spectra of pNP overlaps well with the excitation spectra of the CdTe/CdS QDs. Therefore, the prepared CdTe/CdS QDs could be applied for ALP detection. A good linear relationship ranging from 2.2 to 220 U/L was obtained with the limit of detection as low as 0.34 U/L. In addition, this method was successfully applied for the assay of ALP in human serum with the satisfactory results.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Cadmium Compounds', 'Energy Transfer', 'Fluorescence', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Limit of Detection', 'Nitrophenols', 'Organophosphorus Compounds', 'Quantum Dots', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Sulfides', 'Tellurium']
| 30,567,651
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['D01.142'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566', 'D02.640.743'], ['D02.705'], ['E07.705', 'J01.637.512.600.650'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520'], ['D01.268.185.950', 'D01.268.513.968']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of human brain activity during primary sensory stimulation.
|
Neuronal activity causes local changes in cerebral blood flow, blood volume, and blood oxygenation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques sensitive to changes in cerebral blood flow and blood oxygenation were developed by high-speed echo planar imaging. These techniques were used to obtain completely noninvasive tomographic maps of human brain activity, by using visual and motor stimulus paradigms. Changes in blood oxygenation were detected by using a gradient echo (GE) imaging sequence sensitive to the paramagnetic state of deoxygenated hemoglobin. Blood flow changes were evaluated by a spin-echo inversion recovery (IR), tissue relaxation parameter T1-sensitive pulse sequence. A series of images were acquired continuously with the same imaging pulse sequence (either GE or IR) during task activation. Cine display of subtraction images (activated minus baseline) directly demonstrates activity-induced changes in brain MR signal observed at a temporal resolution of seconds. During 8-Hz patterned-flash photic stimulation, a significant increase in signal intensity (paired t test; P less than 0.001) of 1.8% +/- 0.8% (GE) and 1.8% +/- 0.9% (IR) was observed in the primary visual cortex (V1) of seven normal volunteers. The mean rise-time constant of the signal change was 4.4 +/- 2.2 s for the GE images and 8.9 +/- 2.8 s for the IR images. The stimulation frequency dependence of visual activation agrees with previous positron emission tomography observations, with the largest MR signal response occurring at 8 Hz. Similar signal changes were observed within the human primary motor cortex (M1) during a hand squeezing task and in animal models of increased blood flow by hypercapnia. By using intrinsic blood-tissue contrast, functional MRI opens a spatial-temporal window onto individual brain physiology.
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Oxygen', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Rabbits', 'Time Factors', 'Touch', 'Visual Cortex']
| 1,608,978
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.599'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.723'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Semen cryopreservation for the creation of a Spanish poultry breeds cryobank: optimization of freezing rate and equilibration time.
|
A sperm cryopreservation protocol requiring dimethylacetamide (DMA, 6%) as a cryoprotectant was optimized via assays involving different prefreezing equilibration times (1, 10, 30, 60, and 120 min at 5°C) and different freezing rates achieved by the following: 1) using nitrogen vapor to reduce the temperature from 5°C to -85°C at 10°C/min (slow freezing rate); 2) using a biological freezer unit in a 2-step method to reduce the temperature from 5°C to -35°C at 7°C/min and then from -35°C to -140°C at 60°C/min (medium freezing rate); or 3) using a biological freezer unit in a 1-step freezing method to reduce the temperature from 5°C to -180°C at 60°C/min (rapid freezing rate). Heterospermic semen samples from chicken breeds raised as part of a Spanish genetic resource conservation program were used in all assays. The 1-min equilibration treatment was associated with a lower percentage of viable thawed spermatozoa than the 30-min treatment (P < 0.05). The remaining sperm variables studied were not affected by equilibration time. The medium-rate 2-step freezing method was associated with a higher percentage of motile spermatozoa after thawing and with greater acrosome integrity (P < 0.05) than the slow nitrogen vapor or rapid 1-step methods. Thawed sperm movement quality and plasma membrane integrity (as assessed by the hypoosmotic swelling test) were better (P < 0.05) in samples frozen by the medium-rate 2-step freezing method than in those subjected to the slow nitrogen vapor method. Fertility was not influenced by freezing method, although that achieved with the medium rate 2-step freezing method showed a trend toward being greater than that achieved with the rapid 1-step method (P = 0.07). Together, the present results suggest that slow cooling rates are not recommendable when using dimethylacetamide. The 2-step freezing method may be useful in the establishment of a germplasm bank for Spanish chicken breeds.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Cryopreservation', 'Female', 'Fertilization', 'Male', 'Semen Preservation', 'Spain', 'Spermatozoa', 'Time Factors']
| 21,844,272
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['G08.686.784.277'], ['E02.792.833.890', 'E05.760.833.890'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Emerging fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae in South Korea.
|
The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae and the serotype distribution of this resistant bacterium. S. agalactiae strains collected from 221 asymptomatic pregnant women (35-37 weeks of gestation) and 838 patients with S. agalactiae infection in Korea, from 2006 to 2008, were tested for susceptibility to four fluoroquinolones. Rates of resistance of S. agalactiae to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin were 9.3 %, 9.5 %, and 0.8 %, respectively; greater than 94 % of S. agalactiae strains were resistant to norfloxacin. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin increased between 2006 and 2008. All strains were susceptible to penicillin. Resistance to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin was higher in the clinical strains of S. agalactiae isolated from infections than in colonizing strains isolated from pregnant women. Mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrase and topoisomerase genes were detected in strains resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin; no such mutations were found in strains resistant only to norfloxacin. There was a strong correlation between the minimum inhibitory concentrations and the presence of mutations in gyrase and topoisomerase genes. In conclusion, the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance was unexpectedly high. Strain serotypes were not associated with susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Carrier State', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Infectious', 'Republic of Korea', 'Serotyping', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus agalactiae']
| 22,752,224
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['N06.850.520.169'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C01.674', 'C13.703.700'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.100', 'B03.510.400.800.872.100', 'B03.510.550.737.872.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Role of substrate in imparting calcium and phospholipid requirements to protein kinase C activation.
|
The role of substrate in influencing the cofactor requirements of the phospholipid- and Ca2+-dependent protein kinase C (PKC) was investigated by using several substrates. All of the substrates tested, including histone, troponin I, myosin light chain, protamine, poly(arginine, serine) (PAS), poly(lysine, serine) (PLS), and myelin basic protein (MBP), were found to interact with and aggregate phospholipid vesicles as well as phosphatidylserine (PS)-Triton mixed micelles. Phosphorylation of these different substrates by PKC indicated the presence of three distinct substrate categories: substrates such as protamine requiring no cofactors; substrates such as PLS, PAS, and MBP requiring only the presence of phospholipid; and substrates such as histone, myosin light chain, and troponin I requiring the presence of Ca2+ and phospholipid. Diacylglycerol was a major cofactor only with category C substrates. These different requirements correlated with the interaction of the substrate with phospholipid and/or enzyme. The substrates in category A interacted strongly with and aggregated PKC in a binary mixture. In the absence of Ca2+, PKC bound to substrates of category B directly but not to substrates in category C. Thus, substrate-enzyme binding eliminated the Ca2+ requirement of phosphorylation, and aggregation of substrate-enzyme complex eliminated the phospholipid requirements as well. Substrate-phospholipid interaction and substrate phosphorylation were inhibited by increasing salt concentrations, but the amount needed depended upon the substrate. Loss of PKC activity appeared to coincide with loss of substrate-PS aggregation while dissociation of PKC from the membranes required much higher salt concentrations. Poly(L-lysine) and poly(L-arginine), two potent inhibitors of PKC, also showed substrate-dependent inhibition characteristics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Brain', 'Calcium', 'Cattle', 'Energy Transfer', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Kinetics', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Peptides', 'Phospholipids', 'Polylysine', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 3,593,703
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.640'], ['D12.644'], ['D10.570.755'], ['D12.125.068.555.750', 'D12.125.095.647.750', 'D12.644.760'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Supercritical fluid assisted process for the generation of cellulose acetate loaded structures, potentially useful for tissue engineering applications.
|
Supercritical CO2 phase inversion offers an alternative to obtain solvent free structures with short processing times and preservation of the morphology. We prepared cellulose acetate structures loaded with drug (ibuprofen) to perform experiments at pressures and temperatures ranging between 150 and 250 bars and 35 and 55 °C. The structures were properly characterized by SEM, EDX and DSC; drug controlled release experiments were also performed. Analyses showed that the operating conditions strongly influenced the structure morphology, porosity and drug release profiles. Indeed, connected microparticles, nanofibrous networks and cellular membranes were produced, which have generated different drug release profiles.
|
['Cellulose', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Ibuprofen', 'Nanofibers', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 26,652,399
|
[['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['D02.241.223.701.430'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Safe drinking water and clean air: an experimental study evaluating the concept of combining household water treatment and indoor air improvement using the Water Disinfection Stove (WADIS).
|
Indoor air pollution and unsafe water remain two of the most important environmental risk factors for the global burden of infectious diseases. Improved stoves and household water treatment (HWT) methods represent two of the most effective interventions to fight respiratory and diarrhoeal illnesses at household level. Since new improved stoves are highly accepted and HWT methods have their drawbacks regarding sustained use, combining the two interventions in one technical solution could result in notable positive convenience and health benefits. A WAter DIsinfection Stove (WADIS) based on a Lorena-stove design with a simple flow-through boiling water-treatment system was developed and tested by a pilot experimental study in rural Bolivia. The results of a post-implementation evaluation of two WADIS and 27 Lorena-stoves indicate high social acceptance rather due to convenience gains of the stove than to perceived health improvements. The high efficacy of the WADIS-water treatment system, with a reduction of microbiological contamination load in the treated water from 87600 thermotolerant coliform colony forming units per 100mL (CFU/100mL) to zero is indicative. The WADIS concept unifies two interventions addressing two important global burdens of disease. WADIS' simple design, relying on locally available materials and low manufacturing costs (approx. 6 US) indicates potential for spontaneous diffusion and scaling up.
|
['Adult', 'Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Attitude', 'Bolivia', 'Disinfection', 'Female', 'Household Articles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pilot Projects', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Water', 'Water Purification', 'Water Supply']
| 19,230,761
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['F01.100'], ['Z01.107.757.136'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['J01.494'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Molecular markers of cartilage breakdown and synovitis at baseline as predictors of structural progression of hip osteoarthritis. The ECHODIAH Cohort.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether systemic markers of bone, cartilage, and synovium can predict structural progression of osteoarthritis (OA).METHODS: Patients with painful hip OA were treated with diacerein or placebo in a multicentre, prospective, double blind, 3 year follow up trial. The following information was collected at entry: demographics, characteristics of hip OA, and 10 markers: N-propeptides of collagen types I and III, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein, YKL-40, hyaluronan (sHA), matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -3, C reactive protein, C-terminal crosslinking telopeptides of collagen types I and II (uCTX-II). Radiographs were obtained at entry and every year. Structural progression was defined as a joint space decrease > or =0.5 mm or requirement for total hip replacement. Grouped survival analysis was performed with time to structural progression as dependent variable, and clinical data, radiographic findings, treatment groups (diacerein versus placebo), and markers as explanatory measures.RESULTS: In the 333 patients in whom all markers were measured, high functional impairment, a joint space width <2 mm, and lateral migration of the femoral head at baseline increased the risk of progression, but diacerein had a protective effect (relative risk = 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 0.96). In addition, patients in whom uCTX-II and sHA were in the upper tertile had a relative risk of progression of 3.73 (95% CI 2.48 to 5.61) compared with patients with markers in the two lower tertiles.CONCLUSION: In this large cohort, combined measurements of uCTX-II and sHA were a new predictor of the structural progression of hip OA.
|
['Aged', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip', 'Biomarkers', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Collagen', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis, Hip', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiography', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Synovitis']
| 16,322,084
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.110.110.110', 'E04.650.110.110', 'E04.680.101.110.110'], ['D23.101'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606.400', 'C05.799.613.400'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C05.550.870']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of 645 MeV and 9.2 GeV protons on Artemia eggs.
|
Developmental capacities of Artemia eggs have been studied after exposure to 645 MeV or 9.2 GeV protons. Effects of proton irradiation were studied in comparison with 60Co gamma ray irradiation, endpoints being emergence, hatching and 4-5 day old live nauplii percentages. Effectiveness of 645 MeV protons is greater than that of 9.2 GeV protons. R.b.e. values calculated for nauplius survival is 2.3 for 645 MeV protons and 1.5 for 9.2 GeV protons. These results can be taken into account in radiation hazard estimation during space flights.
|
['Animals', 'Artemia', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Female', 'Gamma Rays', 'Male', 'Ovum', 'Protons', 'Relative Biological Effectiveness', 'Time Factors']
| 232,497
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors associated with home advantage in English and Scottish soccer matches.
|
Using the results from the end-of-season (1992-93) league tables, overall home advantage was confirmed in the eight major divisions of the English and Scottish football leagues. The degree of home advantage was found to vary significantly across the divisions. Furthermore, these divisional differences in home advantage were found to be significantly associated with the mean attendance of each division. In an attempt to understand these findings, every occurrence of two influential events (either a sending-off or penalty scored) reported in a national Sunday newspaper was recorded. The overall frequency of both sendings-off and penalties scored favoured the home side, but again this was not constant across the divisions. In divisions with large crowds, the percentage of home sendings-off was relatively small (30%), compared with no difference (50%) in divisions with smaller crowds. Similarly, the percentage of penalties scored by home sides in divisions with the largest crowds was large ( > 70%), in contrast to little or no advantage in divisions with smaller crowds. Two possible explanations for these findings were proposed. Either larger crowds were able to provoke the away player into more reckless behaviour (real fouls), or influence the referee into believing that the away player had committed more fouls (perceived fouls).
|
['England', 'Humans', 'Scotland', 'Soccer']
| 8,737,326
|
[['Z01.542.363.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.363.766'], ['I03.450.642.845.800']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Direct continuities between cisternae at different levels of the Golgi complex in glucose-stimulated mouse islet beta cells.
|
Direct continuity between the membranes of cisternae in the Golgi complex in mammalian cells rarely has been observed; when seen, its documentation has been equivocal. Here we have used dual-axis electron microscope tomography to examine the architecture of the Golgi in three dimensions at approximately 6-nm resolution in rapidly frozen, freeze-substituted murine cells that make and secrete insulin in response to glucose challenge. Our data show three types of direct connections between Golgi cisternae that are normally distinct from one another. These connections all "bypass" interceding cisternae. We propose that when pancreatic beta cells are stimulated to synthesize and secrete insulin rapidly in vivo, such connections provide a continuous lumen that facilitates the rapid transit of large amounts of newly made protein for secretion. The heterotypic fusion of cisternae, even transiently, raises important questions about the molecular mechanisms that (i) facilitate the fusion/fission of cisternal membranes and control the directionality and specificity of such events, and (ii) retain Golgi processing enzymes at specific places within individual cisternae when two cisternae at different levels in the Golgi have fused, maintaining the sequential processing hierarchy that is a hallmark of Golgi organization.
|
['Animals', 'Cryoelectron Microscopy', 'Female', 'Freeze Substitution', 'Glucose', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C']
| 15,064,406
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.150', 'E05.595.402.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260.270', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260.270', 'E02.792.156.260.270', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260.270', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260.270', 'E05.760.156.260.270'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Analysis of an association of TNF -308G>A polymorphism with a risk for pulmonary sarcoidosis in the Russian population of the Republic of Karelia].
|
AIM: To analyze an association of TNF -308G>A polymorphism with a risk for pulmonary sarcoidosis (PS) in the Russian population of the Republic of Kareli.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 84 patients with persistent PS and 96 donors without clinical manifestations of this disease (a control group) were examined. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was used to identify alleles and genotypes by the marker of TNF -308G>A polymorphism. The level of transcripts of the above gene in the peripheral blood leukocytes of healthy and sick people was determined by real-time PCR.RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies by the marker of TNF -308G>A polymorphism between the control and PS patient groups. There was a significant increase in the number of TNF gene transcripts in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with PS compared to the controls. At the same time, there were no marked differences in mRNA expression levels in the above gene in the carriers of different genotypes by the marker of TNF -308G>A polymorphism in all the examined groups.CONCLUSION: The marker of TNF -308G>A polymorphism is unassociated with the risk of PS in the Russian population of the Republic of Karelia. No differences in TNF mRNA levels in the carriers of different genotypes by the above marker may suggest that the found elevated level of transcripts in the above gene in patients with diagnosed with PS is due to the development of the body's inflammatory responses in this disease.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Assessment', 'Russia', 'Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 28,378,732
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['C08.381.483.725', 'C15.604.515.827.725'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Assessment of a knowledge-acquisition tool for writing Medical Logic Modules in the Arden Syntax.
|
We have created a tool that allows users unfamiliar with the Arden Syntax and our underlying database to create Medical Logic Modules (MLMs). In a study of this tool (N 16), subjects found it easy to use (mean score - 4.69 on a scale of 1-5, 5 being best). Each subject created 3 MLMs of varying complexity following a protocol. On average, subjects required 312, 308 and 318 seconds, respectively, to complete each MLM. Comparison of clinicians to non-clinicians and those with to those without knowledge of Arden showed no significant difference. Of the 48 MLMs, 47 compiled and executed with appropriate output. Independent manual review of the MLM correlated well and found few errors. We conclude that our tool is easily used by inexperienced persons to write MLMs in the Arden Syntax.
|
['Artificial Intelligence', 'Decision Support Techniques', 'Programming Languages', 'Software Design', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 8,947,730
|
[['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['E05.245', 'L01.313.500.750.190'], ['L01.224.900.780'], ['L01.224.900.820'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Site-targeted mutagenesis for stabilization of recombinant monoclonal antibody expressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants.
|
This study examined the degradation pattern of a murine IgG1ê monoclonal antibody expressed in and extracted from transformedNicotiana tabacum Gel electrophoresis of leaf extracts revealed a consistent pattern of recombinant immunoglobulin bands, including intact and full-length antibody, as well as smaller antibody fragments. N-terminal sequencing revealed these smaller fragments to be proteolytic cleavage products and identified a limited number of protease-sensitive sites in the antibody light and heavy chain sequences. No strictly conserved target sequence was evident, although the peptide bonds that were susceptible to proteolysis were predominantly and consistently located within or near to the interdomain or solvent-exposed regions in the antibody structure. Amino acids surrounding identified cleavage sites were mutated in an attempt to increase resistance. Different Guy's 13 antibody heavy and light chain mutant combinations were expressed transiently inN. tabacumand demonstrated intensity shifts in the fragmentation pattern, resulting in alterations to the full-length antibody-to-fragment ratio. The work strengthens the understanding of proteolytic cleavage of antibodies expressed in plants and presents a novel approach to stabilize full-length antibody by site-directed mutagenesis.-Hehle, V. K., Paul, M. J., Roberts, V. A., van Dolleweerd, C. J., Ma, J. K.-C. Site-targeted mutagenesis for stabilization of recombinant monoclonal antibody expressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Binding Sites', 'Blotting, Western', 'Mice', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Mutation', 'Peptide Hydrolases', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Tobacco']
| 26,712,217
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.277.656'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adolescent lipoprotein classifications according to National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) vs. National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) for predicting abnormal lipid levels in adulthood in a Middle East population.
|
BACKGROUND: To compare the predictive ability of adolescent lipoprotein classification using the National Examination Survey (NHANES) cut points and those of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) for predicting abnormal levels in adulthood.METHOD: From 1032 adolescents, aged 14-19 years, participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, all lipid measures were determined at baseline and again after 6 years. Multivariable Odds Ratios (ORs) were calculated for borderline and high categories of lipids to predict dyslipidemia in adulthood, considering the normal level as a reference. Area under the receiving characteristics curve (AUC) was used to assess the predictive ability of each adolescent lipid classification.RESULT: Applying the NCEP classification, the prevalences of high total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in males were 12.1%, 12.9%, 26.1% and 34.2% respectively; in females the corresponding prevalences were 15.4%, 17.9%, 21.4% and 25.0%, respectively. Using NHANES cut points, the prevalence of high TC, LDL-C and triglycerides were lower, than those defined by NCEP; the ORs of high categories of lipids (defined by NHANES) were higher than ORs based on the NECP classification, except for HDL-C. For all lipid measures, both classifications had similar predictive abilities, except for TC/HDL-C, which had higher predictive power applying the NHANES classification rather than the NCEP one (AUC 71% vs. 68%, respectively).CONCLUSION: No differences were found between NCEP and NHANES classifications for prediction of adult dyslipidemia, except for TC/HDL-C. Because of their simple application, NCEP cut points can be used in clinical settings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Area Under Curve', 'Dyslipidemias', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Iran', 'Lipids', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'National Health Programs', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'ROC Curve', 'Reference Values', 'Young Adult']
| 22,937,812
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['C18.452.584.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['D10'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['N03.349.550'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.978.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The effects of clipping on thoracic sympathetic nerve in rabbits: early and late histopathological findings.
|
BACKGROUND: The clipping of the thoracic sympathetic nerve, which has been a technique used for approximately the past 10 years, has rapidly become popular because of its "bring-back" claim. However, the information regarding the mechanism behind this claim is based on investigator's comments and has not been proven by objective research, such as the histopathological examination of the clipped nerve and/or ganglion. We aimed to evaluate sympathetic regeneration and degeneration after clip removal.METHODS: The rabbits were divided into two groups with six rabbits per group. For the first group (group A), the sympathetic chain was clipped using two titanium clips, and a right thoracotomy was made at the T4 and T5 levels. For the second group (group B), the animals were also operated on, which was similar to the rabbits in group A. At the end of a 48-hour follow-up period, the clips were removed after a second operation. The rabbits in group B were followed for 45 days and sympathetic nerves were also examined histopathologically.RESULTS: In group A, hemorrhage, fibrinous material, polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration, and acute inflammation with fat necrosis were observed in and around the sympathetic ganglia and trunk. Loss of nuclei and vacuolization in some sympathetic ganglia cells were also observed. These findings demonstrated severe degeneration of the sympathetic ganglia and trunk. For group B, microscopic examination revealed a loss of sympathetic ganglion cells as well as fibrosis within and around the ganglia. No signs of regeneration were detected and the progression of nerve degeneration was observed.CONCLUSIONS: The clips used in our study were shown to cause the degeneration of neural structures within 2 days. At the end of the 45 days following the removal of the clips, progressive, degenerative changes radiating along the axons of the sympathetic cells were seen.
|
['Animals', 'Equipment Design', 'Fibrosis', 'Ganglia, Sympathetic', 'Necrosis', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Rabbits', 'Surgical Instruments', 'Sympathectomy', 'Thoracic Nerves', 'Thoracotomy', 'Thorax', 'Time Factors', 'Titanium']
| 22,411,756
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.320'], ['C23.550.355'], ['A08.340.315.350', 'A08.800.050.300.300', 'A08.800.050.800.300'], ['C23.550.717'], ['C23.550.737'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E07.858.700'], ['E04.525.210.105.800'], ['A08.800.800.720.800'], ['E04.928.760'], ['A01.923.761'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Ocular manifestations in Stevens-Johnson syndrome].
|
A patient woman, 45 years old, showed bilateral corneal ulcers, symblepharon, milkish-white scars, cicatricial entropion, trichiasis, lacrimal hyposecretion within a Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Histological examination of the conjunctiva shows a necrosis process of epithelium with phlyctenular cavities and abundant subepithelial inflammatory infiltrate. The affection etiopathogenesis is discussed.
|
['Conjunctiva', 'Epithelium', 'Eye Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Stevens-Johnson Syndrome']
| 2,533,369
|
[['A09.371.060.200', 'A09.371.337.168'], ['A10.272'], ['C11'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C07.465.864.500', 'C17.800.174.600.900', 'C17.800.229.400.683', 'C17.800.865.475.683', 'C20.543.206.380.900', 'C25.100.468.380.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
In vivo measurement of myocardial mass using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging.
|
To examine the accuracy of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging in measuring left ventricular mass, measurements of left ventricular mass made using this technique were compared with left ventricular weight in 10 mongrel dogs. Left ventricular myocardial volume was measured from five short-axis end-diastolic images that spanned the left ventricle. Left ventricular mass was calculated from left ventricular myocardial volume and compared with the left ventricular weight determined after formalin immersion-fixation. Linear regression analysis yielded the following relation in grams: left ventricular mass determined using nuclear magnetic resonance imaging = (0.94) (left ventricular weight) + 9.1 (r = 0.98, SEE = 6.1 g). The small overestimation of left ventricular weight by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was judged to be secondary to both difficulty with proper border definition and partial volume effects. Hence, this imaging technique can be used to obtain accurate measurements of left ventricular mass in dogs in vivo.
|
['Animals', 'Dogs', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Organ Size']
| 3,711,507
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.541.560'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Breast cancer detection in relation to oral contraception.
|
Analyses of tumor size and breast cancer stage were used to determine whether biased detection of breast cancer could have materially influenced estimates of risk associated with use of oral contraceptives. In a population-based case-control study conducted from 1980-1982, surveillance for breast cancer by breast exams, but not mammography, was found to be strongly linked to use of oral contraceptives. Tumors were slightly smaller and less likely to be late-stage (TNM stage III or IV) in patients who had used oral contraceptives. The net effect of any diagnostic bias on advancing the date of cancer diagnosis, whether from breast exams or other sources, was estimated to be less than 8 weeks. This corresponds to spuriously increasing the risk of early-occurring breast cancer in oral contraceptive users by at most 2.4% (relative risk = 1.024).
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Bias', 'Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Contraceptives, Oral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mammography', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Self-Examination', 'Time Factors']
| 1,588,351
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['N05.715.350.150', 'N06.850.490.500'], ['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.210', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.700.500'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.600.750', 'F01.145.488.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A lignin-specific peroxidase in tobacco whose antisense suppression leads to vascular tissue modification.
|
A tobacco peroxidase isoenzyme (TP60) was down-regulated in tobacco using an antisense strategy, this affording transformants with lignin reductions of up to 40-50% of wild type (control) plants. Significantly, both guaiacyl and syringyl levels decreased in essentially a linear manner with the reductions in lignin amounts, as determined by both thioacidolysis and nitrobenzene oxidative analyses. These data provisionally suggest that a feedback mechanism is operative in lignifying cells, which prevents build-up of monolignols should oxidative capacity for their subsequent metabolism be reduced. Prior to this study, the only known rate-limiting processes in the monolignol/lignin pathways involved that of Phe supply and the relative activities of cinnamate-4-hydroxylase/p-coumarate-3-hydroxylase, respectively. These transformants thus provide an additional experimental means in which to further dissect and delineate the factors involved in monolignol targeting to precise regions in the cell wall, and of subsequent lignin assembly. Interestingly, the lignin down-regulated tobacco phenotypes displayed no readily observable differences in overall growth and development profiles, although the vascular apparatus was modified.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Silencing', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lignin', 'Mixed Function Oxygenases', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotides, Antisense', 'Peroxidases', 'Plant Stems', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Tobacco']
| 12,946,415
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D05.750.078.562.180.515', 'D05.750.078.687', 'D20.538', 'D25.720.099.687', 'J01.637.051.720.099.687'], ['D08.811.682.690.708'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.150.480', 'D13.444.600.150.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640'], ['D08.811.682.732'], ['A18.024.937'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Melphalan, prednisone, thalidomide and defibrotide in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: results of a multicenter phase I/II trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Defibrotide is a novel orally bioavailable polydisperse oligonucleotide with anti-thrombotic and anti-adhesive effects. In SCID/NOD mice, defibrotide showed activity in human myeloma xenografts. This phase I/II study was conducted to identify the most appropriate dose of defibrotide in combination with melphalan, prednisone and thalidomide in patients with relapsed and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, and to determine its safety and tolerability as part of this regimen.DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a phase I/II, multicenter, dose-escalating, non-comparative, open label study. Oral melphalan was administered at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg on days 1-4, prednisone at a dose of 1.5 mg/kg also on days 1-4 and thalidomide at a dose of 50-100 mg/day continuously. Defibrotide was administered orally at three dose-levels: 2.4, 4.8 or 7.2 g on days 1-4 and 1.6, 3.2, or 4.8 g on days 5-35.RESULTS: Twenty-four patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. In all patients, the complete response plus very good partial response rate was 9%, and the partial response rate was 43%. The 1-year progression-free survival and 1-year overall survival rates were 34% and 90%, respectively. The most frequent grade 3-4 adverse events included neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and fatigue. Deep vein thrombosis was reported in only one patient.CONCLUSIONS: This combination of melphalan, prednisone and thalidomide together with defibrotide showed anti-tumor activity with a favorable tolerability. The maximum tolerated dose of defibrotide was identified as 7.2 g p.o. on days 1-4 followed by 4.8 g p.o. on days 5-35. Further trials are needed to confirm the role of this regimen and to evaluate the combination of defibrotide with new drugs.
|
['Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Melphalan', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Polydeoxyribonucleotides', 'Prednisone', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Thalidomide', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,053,869
|
[['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.594', 'D12.125.072.050.685.500'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['D13.695.578.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['E02.895'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The isolation of a mutation causing abnormal cytokinesis in male and split chromocenter in female meiosis in Drosophila melanogaster.
|
The genetic screen for the meiotic mutations showing chromosome non-disjunction in mosaic clones of female germ line generated by FLP-FRT mediated mitotic recombination was performed. The sterile meiotic mutation ff16 (69D1-70A2) was found among the mutants obtained. In the male germ line the mutation showed lack of meiosis 1 cytokinesis and other meiotic abnormalities. The sterility of the mutant is due to the lack of the sperm motility. In female germ line the morphological defects-decreased number of ovarioles and nurse cells in the egg chambers is visible. At the cell level the mutation showed karyosome fragmentation constituting to the gene participation in chromocenter formation/maintance. The cases of the spindle fragmentation revealed the processes acting in female meiotic metaphase. Premeiotic and mitotic defects of the mutation have also been detected.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Female', 'Homozygote', 'Hot Temperature', 'Infertility, Male', 'Male', 'Meiosis', 'Mutation', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Sperm Motility', 'Time Factors']
| 11,732,848
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['G05.380.554'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['G04.144.220.220.687', 'G05.113.220.687'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.728'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Diagnosis of immunodeficiency caused by a purine nucleoside phosphorylase defect by using tandem mass spectrometry on dried blood spots.
|
BACKGROUND: Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency is a rare form of autosomal recessive combined primary immunodeficiency caused by a enzyme defect leading to the accumulation of inosine, 2'-deoxy-inosine (dIno), guanosine, and 2'-deoxy-guanosine (dGuo) in all cells, especially lymphocytes. Treatments are available and curative for PNP deficiency, but their efficacy depends on the early approach. PNP-combined immunodeficiency complies with the criteria for inclusion in a newborn screening program.OBJECTIVE: This study evaluate whether mass spectrometry can identify metabolite abnormalities in dried blood spots (DBSs) from affected patients, with the final goal of individuating the disease at birth during routine newborn screening.METHODS: DBS samples from 9 patients with genetically confirmed PNP-combined immunodeficiency, 10,000 DBS samples from healthy newborns, and 240 DBSs from healthy donors of different age ranges were examined. Inosine, dIno, guanosine, and dGuo were tested by using tandem mass spectrometry (TMS). T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) and kappa-deleting recombination excision circle (KREC) levels were evaluated by using quantitative RT-PCR only for the 2 patients (patients 8 and 9) whose neonatal DBSs were available.RESULTS: Mean levels of guanosine, inosine, dGuo, and dIno were 4.4, 133.3, 3.6, and 3.8 ìmol/L, respectively, in affected patients. No indeterminate or false-positive results were found. In patient 8 TREC levels were borderline and KREC levels were abnormal; in patient 9 TRECs were undetectable, whereas KREC levels were normal.CONCLUSION: TMS is a valid method for diagnosis of PNP deficiency on DBSs of affected patients at a negligible cost. TMS identifies newborns with PNP deficiency, whereas TREC or KREC measurement alone can fail.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child, Preschool', 'DNA Repair', 'Deoxyguanosine', 'Dried Blood Spot Testing', 'Female', 'Guanosine', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Inosine', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Neonatal Screening', 'Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases', 'Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase', 'Purine-Pyrimidine Metabolism, Inborn Errors', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 24,767,876
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.454.240', 'D13.570.230.360', 'D13.570.583.454.240'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.232', 'E05.200.124.100.232'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.454', 'D13.570.583.454', 'D13.570.800.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.673'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D03.633.100.759.590.616', 'D13.570.583.616', 'D13.570.800.573'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.370.225.910', 'E01.370.500.580', 'E05.200.910', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443.816', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500.575', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580.580', 'N06.850.780.500.580'], ['C16.320.798', 'C20.673.795'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.800'], ['C16.320.565.798', 'C18.452.648.798'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Heat transfer model of hyporthermic intracarotid infusion of cold saline for stroke therapy.
|
A 3-dimensional hemispheric computational brain model is developed to simulate infusion of cold saline in the carotid arteries in terms of brain cooling for stroke therapy. The model is based on the Pennes bioheat equation, with four tissue layers: white matter, gray matter, skull, and scalp. The stroke lesion is simulated by reducing blood flow to a selected volume of the brain by a factor of one-third, and brain metabolism by 50%. A stroke penumbra was also generated surrounding the core lesion (blood volume reduction 25%, metabolism reduction 20%). The finite difference method was employed to solve the system of partial differential equations. This model demonstrated a reduction in brain temperature, at the stroke lesion, to 32 degrees C in less than 10 minutes.
|
['Body Temperature', 'Brain', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Cold Temperature', 'Computer Simulation', 'Energy Transfer', 'Humans', 'Hypothermia, Induced', 'Infusions, Intra-Arterial', 'Models, Biological', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Stroke', 'Therapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Thermal Conductivity', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,946,821
|
[['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G01.154.240', 'G02.111.255', 'G02.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.258.750'], ['E02.319.267.510.520'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.950', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710'], ['G01.906.730'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The X proteins of bornaviruses interfere with type I interferon signalling.
|
Borna disease virus (BDV) is a neurotropic, negative-stranded RNA virus causing persistent infection and progressive neurological disorders in a wide range of warm-blooded animals. The role of the small non-structural X protein in viral pathogenesis is not completely understood. Here we investigated whether the X protein of BDV and avian bornavirus (ABV) interferes with the type I interferon (IFN) system, similar to other non-structural proteins of negative-stranded RNA viruses. In luciferase reporter assays, we found that the X protein of various bornaviruses interfered with the type I IFN system at all checkpoints investigated, in contrast to previously reported findings, resulting in reduced type I IFN secretion.
|
['Animals', 'Bornaviridae', 'Cell Line', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Humans', 'Immune Evasion', 'Interferon Type I', 'Luciferases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'RNA, Viral', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Viral Nonstructural Proteins', 'Virulence Factors']
| 23,100,370
|
[['B01.050'], ['B04.820.480.937.149'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G06.462.400', 'G12.413', 'G16.527.200.700'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.964.900'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor I, its binding proteins -1,-2, -3, C-peptide and risk of postmenopausal breast cancer.
|
Higher levels of circulating Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-I may be associated with higher risks for premenopausal breast cancer. We investigate the associations between circulating levels of IGF-I, its binding proteins (IGFBPs) -1, -2, -3, C-peptide and postmenopausal breast cancer. This is a prospective study nested in 2 Dutch cohorts. The study population included women who were postmenopausal at baseline. Breast cancer cases were identified through linkage with cancer registries. Controls were matched to cases by cohort, age, date of blood donation and place of residence. In total, 149 breast cancer cases and 333 healthy controls were included. Plasma levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, -2, -3 and C-peptide were measured by radioimmunoassays. Estimates of the relative risk for breast cancer associated with the quartiles of the peptides' circulating levels were obtained by conditional logistic regression. Models were adjusted for BMI, age at menarche and age at first full-term delivery. For IGF-I, the adjusted OR (95% CI) of the top vs. bottom quartile was 1.1 (0.6; 2.1); for IGFBP-1 it was 0.7 (0.3; 1.3); for IGFBP-2, 1.1 (0.5; 2.4); for IGFBP-3, 1.6 (0.7; 3.5), for C-peptide, 1.3 (0.7; 2.7) and for IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratio, 1.0 (0.5; 1.8). Our data do not support an association between postmenopausal circulating levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, -2, -3, C-peptide and postmenopausal breast cancer.
|
['Aged', 'Apoptosis', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'C-Peptide', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Postmenopause', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Risk Factors']
| 12,794,762
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.250', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.420.250'], ['D12.776.157.420.260'], ['D12.776.157.420.270'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Response to metronomic chemotherapy in a metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland].
|
Formerly, salivary gland cancer was considered to be chemoresistant. Chemotherapy is indicated when distant metastases or inoperable locorregional disease are observed, although the chemotherapy schedule is not well defined. Data on chemotherapy treatment for adenoid cystic carcinoma consist of phase II trials. Most of these studies analyze therapies with a combination of agents at full dose, although there is no clear evidence that such treatment improves survival. The administration of cytotoxic agents with low doses at frequent, regular intervals with no drug-free interruptions is known as metronomic chemotherapy. Most head-to-head studies show similar or even superior therapeutic results with metronomic scheduling than with a maximum tolerated dose regime. Our case report shows for first time the clinical activity of low-dose paclitaxel and cisplatin chemotherapy given separately as a single agent in metastatic adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic', 'Cisplatin', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Paclitaxel', 'Parotid Neoplasms']
| 20,152,955
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.220'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['C04.588.443.591.824.695', 'C07.465.530.824.695', 'C07.465.815.470.770', 'C07.465.815.718.589']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pre-cannulation lung biopsy shortens ECMO course.
|
We describe the clinical course of an infant with respiratory failure who underwent lung biopsy prior to cannulation for undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Pathology revealed alveolar capillary dysplasia, and ECMO was discontinued. Rapid diagnosis allowed for closure and saved resources. We recommend considering early biopsy in infants with atypical pulmonary hypertension.
|
['Biopsy', 'Catheterization', 'Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Respiratory Insufficiency']
| 27,086,306
|
[['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E02.880.301', 'E04.292.451'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381.423.694', 'C16.614.694'], ['A04.411.715'], ['C08.618.846']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolism of synthetic cannabinoids PB-22 and its 5-fluoro analog, 5F-PB-22, by human hepatocyte incubation and high-resolution mass spectrometry.
|
BACKGROUND: PB-22 (1-pentyl-8-quinolinyl ester-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid) and 5F-PB-22 (1-(5-fluoropentyl)-8-quinolinyl ester-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid) are new synthetic cannabinoids with a quinoline substructure and the first marketed substances with an ester bond linkage. No human metabolism data are currently available, making it difficult to document PB-22 and 5F-PB-22 intake from urine analysis, and complicating assessment of the drugs' pharmacodynamic and toxicological properties.METHODS: We incubated 10 ìmol/l PB-22 and 5F-PB-22 with pooled cryopreserved human hepatocytes up to 3 h and analyzed samples on a TripleTOF 5600+ high-resolution mass spectrometer. Data were acquired via TOF scan, followed by information-dependent acquisition triggered product ion scans with mass defect filtering (MDF). The accurate mass full scan MS and MS/MS metabolite datasets were analyzed with multiple data processing techniques, including MDF, neutral loss and product ion filtering.RESULTS: The predominant metabolic pathway for PB-22 and 5F-PB-22 was ester hydrolysis yielding a wide variety of (5-fluoro)pentylindole-3-carboxylic acid metabolites. Twenty metabolites for PB-22 and 22 metabolites for 5F-PB-22 were identified, with the majority generated by oxidation with or without glucuronidation. For 5F-PB-22, oxidative defluorination occurred forming PB-22 metabolites. Both compounds underwent epoxide formation followed by internal hydrolysis and also produced a cysteine conjugate.CONCLUSION: Human hepatic metabolic profiles were generated for PB-22 and 5F-PB-22. Pentylindole-3-carboxylic acid, hydroxypentyl-PB-22 and PB-22 pentanoic acid for PB-22, and 5'-fluoropentylindole-3-carboxylic acid, PB-22 pentanoic acid and the hydroxy-5F-PB-22 metabolite with oxidation at the quinoline system for 5F-PB-22 are likely the best targets to incorporate into analytical methods for urine to document PB-22 and 5F-PB-22 intake.
|
['Cannabinoids', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Hydrolysis', 'Indoles', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 24,518,903
|
[['D02.455.849.090'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.380'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
IgE response in multiple myeloma.
|
IgE levels in sera of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) were found to be similar to those of patients with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) and to normal controls. This is in contrast to the significant depression in the level of the other polyclonal isotypes in patients with MM. Immediate skin test response to common environmental allergens was also preserved in patients with MM as compared with normal nonatopic controls. One-year treatment of MM patients with alkylating agents caused a significant decrease in the monoclonal immunoglobulin level and induced a tendency toward decreasing IgE level but had no effect on the polyclonal immunoglobulin concentrations. These findings suggest that IgE production and immediate skin test response is not impaired by the pathologic process in MM patients, in contrast to the production of other polyclonal immunoglobulins. This demonstrates the dissociation between the response of the IgE antibody and the other isotypes.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Male', 'Melphalan', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Paraproteinemias', 'Skin Tests']
| 8,452,316
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.594', 'D12.125.072.050.685.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['C15.378.147.780', 'C20.683.780'], ['E01.370.225.812.871', 'E05.200.812.871', 'E05.478.594.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Metastasis-suppressed C8161 melanoma cells arrest in lung but fail to proliferate.
|
The incidence of melanoma continues to increase at a rapid rate. As for most cancers, it is melanoma metastases, rather than the primary malignancy, that is the principal cause of death. We previously showed that the introduction of a normal copy of chromosome 6 into the metastatic human melanoma cell line C8161 suppresses metastasis at a step subsequent to tumor cells entering the bloodstream. To better define the step(s) in metastasis blocked by the addition of chromosome 6 we engineered cells that constitutively express green fluorescent protein (GFP). When these tagged, chromosome 6 hybrid cells were injected intravenously into athymic mice, grossly detectable metastases did not form. However, fluorescence microscopy revealed micro-metastases (single cells or clusters of <10 cells) in the lungs, suggesting that these cells lodged in the lungs but failed to proliferate. Cells isolated from lung up to 60 days post-injection grew in culture and/or formed tumors when injected into the skin, indicating that they were still viable, but dormant. This result implies that the gene(s) on chromosome 6 interfere specifically with growth regulatory response in the lung, but not in the skin. Thus, the gene(s) responsible for metastasis suppression represents a new class of metastasis inhibitors acting at the final stages of the metastatic cascade--that is, affecting the ability of the cells to survive and proliferate at a specific secondary site.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Survival', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6', 'Female', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genes, Tumor Suppressor', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Humans', 'Hybrid Cells', 'Injections, Intradermal', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Melanoma', 'Melanoma, Experimental', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Organ Specificity', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Transplantation, Heterologous', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 10,845,559
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.330', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.330'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.600'], ['E02.319.267.530.620.410'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['D12.776.532'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510.525', 'C04.557.665.510.525', 'C04.619.600', 'E05.598.500.496.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E05.624'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['G07.650'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E04.936.764'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mixed endometrial carcinomas with a "low-grade serous"-like component: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study.
|
Recently, we reported 2 mixed endometrioid endometrial carcinomas with a "low-grade serous"-like component, which does not fit into any of the 4 molecular groups described by The Cancer Genome Atlas. To understand the nature of these tumors, we have done an immunohistochemical and molecular genetic study of these 2 cases and added a third case. Immunoreactivity for p53, ER, Ki67, WT1, MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6 was assessed. Targeted next-generation sequencing for somatic mutations, including genes commonly implicated in carcinogenesis including TP53, KRAS, and PIK3CA, and Sanger sequencing for PTEN and POLE were also performed. All patients were nulliparous and had morbid obesity. Their tumors showed a micropapillary component that resembled that of ovarian low-grade serous carcinoma and merged with villoglandular endometrioid carcinoma. The invasive tumor glands exhibited a microcystic, elongated, or fragmented pattern and contained psammoma bodies. Two tumors showed aberrant p53 expression, and all 3 were positive for ER. All showed KRAS mutations, and TP53 mutations were found in 2 cases. One patient developed peritoneal carcinomatosis, one patient is alive with disease, and another died of a brain tumor. The third patient, whose tumor was confined to the uterus (stage IA), is alive without evidence of disease, but she has been followed for only 6 months. Mixed endometrial carcinomas with a "low-grade" serous-like component exhibit a morphologic spectrum of endometrioid and serous differentiation with microcystic, elongated, or fragmented features; ER expression; KRAS and TP53 mutations; and aggressive behavior.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Endometrioid', 'Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 29,079,180
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.240', 'C04.588.945.418.948.585.124', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705.331', 'C13.351.937.418.685.331', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200.124', 'C19.391.630.705.331'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.480.240', 'C04.557.470.590.480.240'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.557.435'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.600', 'D12.644.360.525.500.600', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.600', 'D12.776.476.525.500.600', 'D12.776.624.664.700.200'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Copy number variations in a population-based study of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.
|
Copy number variations (CNVs) are important in relation to diversity and evolution but can sometimes cause disease. The most common genetic cause of the inherited peripheral neuropathy Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is the PMP22 duplication; otherwise, CNVs have been considered rare. We investigated CNVs in a population-based sample of Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) families. The 81 CMT families had previously been screened for the PMP22 duplication and point mutations in 51 peripheral neuropathy genes, and a genetic cause was identified in 37 CMT families (46%). Index patients from the 44 CMT families with an unknown genetic diagnosis were analysed by whole-genome array comparative genomic hybridization to investigate the entire genome for larger CNVs and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification to detect smaller intragenomic CNVs in MFN2 and MPZ. One patient had the pathogenic PMP22 duplication not detected by previous methods. Three patients had potentially pathogenic CNVs in the CNTNAP2, LAMA2, or SEMA5A, that is, genes related to neuromuscular or neurodevelopmental disease. Genotype and phenotype correlation indicated likely pathogenicity for the LAMA2 CNV, whereas the CNTNAP2 and SEMA5A CNVs remained potentially pathogenic. Except the PMP22 duplication, disease causing CNVs are rare but may cause CMT in about 1% (95% CI 0-7%) of the Norwegian CMT families.
|
['Adult', 'Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease', 'Child', 'DNA Copy Number Variations', 'Female', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Laminin', 'Male', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases', 'Phenotype', 'Point Mutation', 'Semaphorins']
| 25,648,254
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.500.300.200', 'C10.574.500.495.200', 'C10.668.829.800.300.200', 'C16.131.666.300.200', 'C16.320.400.375.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G05.365.795.297.500'], ['E05.393.385'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.631'], ['C10.668.829'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.644.276.923', 'D12.776.467.923', 'D23.529.923']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A 3-year clinical evaluation of a compomer, a composite and a compomer/composite (sandwich) in class II restorations.
|
PURPOSE: To compare the clinical performance of Dyract, Spectrum-TPH and Dyract layered with Spectrum-TPH (sandwich) in Class II restorations of permanent dentitions.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 23 adult patients aged 25-62 were selected at random in a general dental practice. Each patient had 3 bicuspid teeth restored with Dyract, Spectrum-TPH and a "sandwiched" combination where Dyract was covered by the composite resin TPH. During the entire study, three patients were lost. Restorations were clinically evaluated using a modified Ryge/USPHS system.RESULTS: Over 36 months all three types of restorations performed well clinically. No post-operative sensitivity was reported by any patient indicating proper bonding and sealing. Only one Dyract/TPH sandwich restoration had to be replaced after 2.5 years due to root caries. The Dyract restorations exhibited significantly higher (P = 0.0039) occlusal wear than the TPH and the Dyract/TPH sandwiched restorations. The marginal integrity was also found to be significantly better (P = 0.001) for the TPH and Dyract/TPH restorations compared to Dyract alone, while no significant difference (P > 0.05) could be demonstrated between TPH and Dyract/TPH restorations. The low rate of failure in the three different restorative systems suggests that they are reliable restorative materials in permanent bicuspids over a 3-year period.
|
['Acetone', 'Adult', 'Bicuspid', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Compomers', 'Composite Resins', 'Dental Marginal Adaptation', 'Dental Restoration Failure', 'Dental Restoration Wear', 'Dental Restoration, Permanent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methacrylates', 'Middle Aged', 'Molar', 'Polymethacrylic Acids', 'Resin Cements', 'Silicates']
| 12,572,648
|
[['D02.522.064'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A14.549.167.860.150'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['D05.750.716.822.308.300', 'D25.339.291.150', 'D25.339.816.500.300', 'D25.720.716.822.308.300', 'J01.637.051.339.291.150', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500.300', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308.300'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.323.764', 'E06.658.224', 'E06.780.620'], ['E06.323.400', 'E06.780.346.725'], ['E06.780.346.737.125'], ['E06.323.428', 'E06.780.346.737', 'E07.695.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.069.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A14.549.167.860.525'], ['D02.241.081.069.800', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650'], ['D05.750.716.822.730', 'D25.339.291.750', 'D25.720.716.822.730', 'J01.637.051.339.291.750', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.730'], ['D01.578.725', 'D01.837.725.700.760']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Increased prevalence of coronary artery disease risk markers in patients with chronic hepatitis C--a cross-sectional study.
|
OBJECTIVE: Chronic hepatitis C is a global health problem and has been associated with coronary artery disease. Our aim was to examine the prevalence of coronary artery disease risk markers including endothelial biomarkers in patients with chronic hepatitis C and matched comparisons without manifest cardiovascular disease or diabetes in a cross-sectional design.METHODS: Sixty patients with chronic hepatitis C (mean age 51 years) were recruited from the Department of Infectious Diseases at Copenhagen University Hospital, and compared with 60 age-matched non-hepatitis C virus-infected individuals from a general population survey. We examined traditional coronary artery disease risk factors, metabolic syndrome, carotid intima media thickness, and a range of endothelial biomarkers.RESULTS: Patients with chronic hepatitis C had more hypertension (40% versus 25%, prevalence ratio [PR] 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9-2.7) and smoked more (53% versus 38%, PR 1.4; 95% CI 0.9-2.1). The two groups had similar body mass index (mean 25.0 versus 25.7 kg/m(2)), whereas those with chronic hepatitis C had less dyslipidemia (including significantly lower low-density lipoprotein and cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio), higher glycosylated hemoglobin level (mean 6.2 versus 5.7, difference of means 0.5; 95% CI 0.3-0.8), and a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (28% versus 18%, PR 1.6; 95% CI 0.8-3.0). Increased carotid intima media thickness above the standard 75th percentile was seen more frequently in chronic hepatitis C (9% versus 3%, PR 1.7; 95% CI 0.4-6.7), though difference of means was only 0.04 mm (95% CI 0.00-0.10). Patients with chronic hepatitis C had increased hsCRP (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein), sICAM-1 (soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1), sVCAM-1 (soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1), and soluble E-selectin, but lower levels of tPAI-1 (tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor-1), MMP9 (matrix metallopeptidase 9), and MPO (myeloperoxidase) than their comparisons.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that patients with chronic hepatitis C have increased prevalence of several coronary artery disease risk markers. These results may be important when evaluating the appropriateness of screening for coronary artery disease and its risk factors in chronic hepatitis C.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Denmark', 'Dyslipidemias', 'Female', 'Hepatitis C, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prevalence', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 24,482,574
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['C18.452.584.500'], ['C01.221.250.750.120', 'C01.925.440.440.120', 'C01.925.782.350.350.120', 'C06.552.380.350.120', 'C06.552.380.705.440.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D23.469'], ['D10'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
High Incidence of Breast Cancer in Light-Polluted Areas with Spatial Effects in Korea.
|
We have reported a high prevalence of breast cancer in light-polluted areas in Korea. However, it is necessary to analyze the spatial effects of light polluted areas on breast cancer because light pollution levels are correlated with region proximity to central urbanized areas in studied cities. In this study, we applied a spatial regression method (an intrinsic conditional autoregressive [iCAR] model) to analyze the relationship between the incidence of breast cancer and artificial light at night (ALAN) levels in 25 regions including central city, urbanized, and rural areas. By Poisson regression analysis, there was a significant correlation between ALAN, alcohol consumption rates, and the incidence of breast cancer. We also found significant spatial effects between ALAN and the incidence of breast cancer, with an increase in the deviance information criterion (DIC) from 374.3 to 348.6 and an increase in R2 from 0.574 to 0.667. Therefore, spatial analysis (an iCAR model) is more appropriate for assessing ALAN effects on breast cancer. To our knowledge, this study is the first to show spatial effects of light pollution on breast cancer, despite the limitations of an ecological study. We suggest that a decrease in ALAN could reduce breast cancer more than expected because of spatial effects.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Cities', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Light', 'Prevalence', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Factors']
| 26,838,238
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['G16.500.275.069', 'N06.230.069', 'Z01.433'], ['N06.850.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Survival and prognostic factors in cerebral metastases of breast cancer].
|
A number of prognostic factors have emerged from a retrospective study of 83 patients with breast cancer associated with a solid intracerebral tumour (59%), or meningeal invasion (33%) or both (8%). The median survival was 4 months without significant difference between breast tumours and meningeal carcinomatosis. Women in pre-menopause at the initial diagnosis of breast cancer (P less than or equal to 0.05) or who were 50 years of age when the cerebral metastasis occurred (P less than or equal to 0.05) or who had only one metastasis (P less than or equal to 0.02) had a better prognosis. During meningeal carcinomatosis, CSF protein and carcinoembryonic antigen levels have no prognostic value. All patients with intracerebral tumour had been irradiated (40 Gy over 4 weeks). The tumour was removed whenever possible. Intrathecal or systemic chemotherapy and hormone therapy seem to be favourable prognostic factors. This would suggest that chemotherapy may increase the survival of patients with this type of breast cancer, but only randomized studies will demonstrate its true effectiveness.
|
['Brain Neoplasms', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Central Nervous System Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Meningeal Neoplasms', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 2,941,746
|
[['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C10.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.614.250.580', 'C10.551.240.500'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of oxygen toxicity on regional ventilation and perfusion in the primate lung.
|
Since the effect of prolonged exposure to high concentrations of oxygen on regional ventilation and perfusion has not been previously, a reproducible primate model of oxygen toxicity was developed to investigate the pathophysiologic changes that occur. Regional ventilation and perfusion were measured by 133Xe techniques in 10 baboons before and after 108 hours of continuous exposure to an inspired oxygen concentration of more than 90%. Arterial blood gases, shunt fraction (QS/QT), cardiac output, physiologic dead space (VD/VT), and pulmonary vascular resistance were also measured. Light and electron microscopic histology confirmed early pathologic changes of oxygen toxicity in every animal after exposure. PaO2 in room air decreased markedly after exposure from 90 +/- 4 to 46 +/- 5 mm Hg, and QS/QT rose to 30 +/- 2%. VD/VT, PaCO2, and pH were not altered by exposure to hyperoxia. Similarly, cardiac output and pulmonary vascular resistance remained unchanged. The distribution of regional ventilation and perfusion remained normal during and after prolonged high-oxygen exposure. Early oxygen toxicity was characterized by profound hypoxemia without regional ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Although impaired diffusion through a thickened alveolar membrane may be partially responsible for this hypoxemia, the markedly increased alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient when FIO2 = 1.0 indicates that shunting at the alveolar level (secondary to absorptive collapse or pulmonary edema) is a major cause of the hypoxemia.
|
['Animals', 'Hemodynamics', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Oxygen', 'Papio', 'Respiration', 'Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio']
| 7,221,886
|
[['B01.050'], ['G09.330.380'], ['A04.411'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E01.370.386.700.650.900', 'G09.772.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Surgical outcomes of patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome: a case series.
|
The purpose of this study is to report the intermediate-term surgical outcomes of patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome-related glaucoma. The medical records of four patients (five eyes) surgery (Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation surgery and EX-PRESS mini shunt) were retrospectively reviewed. Median follow-up after glaucoma surgery was 24 (15-36) months. The preoperative intraocular pressure was significantly reduced from a median of 33 (22.5-36) mmHg on a median of 4 (4-5) glaucoma medications to a median of 12 (10.5-14.5) mmHg on a median of 2 (0-2) medications at last follow-up after surgery (p = 0.043 for IOP and p = 0.042 for glaucoma medications). Median preoperative visual acuity [0.016 (0.008-0.1)] did not change significantly when compared to median visual acuity at last follow-up [0.016 (0.004-0.5)] (p = 0.59). Intraocular pressure control in patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome is challenging and may require multiple operations and revisions. Some modifications during glaucoma drainage implant surgery and use of EX-PRESS mini shunt in certain cases could offer an advantage in these patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glaucoma', 'Glaucoma Drainage Implants', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Iridocorneal Endothelial Syndrome', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tonometry, Ocular', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Visual Acuity']
| 27,495,952
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C11.525.381'], ['E07.695.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['C11.204.497', 'C11.941.375.322'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.380.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Distributed neural activity during object, spatial and integrated processing in humans.
|
Information about the form and the spatial location of objects is seamlessly integrated during visual perception. We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to explore neural activity related to processing form, location or the combination of both kinds of features. Healthy subjects performed three versions of a 'match-to-sample' task: a two-object task, a two-location task and an integrated object-location task. Responses were quickest and most accurate during the integrated task, slower and less accurate in the two-location task and slowest and least accurate in the two-object task. ERPs locked to the 'sample' stimulus at encoding, and to the 'target' stimulus during feature comparison differentiated between tasks. 'Sample' stimulus ERPs exhibited task-specific posterior cortical involvement in processing distinct visual features. 'Target' stimulus ERPs revealed task-related differences in features associated with frontal lobe mediated attentional processes: an early latency P300 showed increased amplitude during the integrated task. Results from this experiment support the view that distinct neural circuits mediate form vs. location processing and that form-location integration engages both pathways and upregulates frontal-parietal association networks.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Cognition', 'Electroencephalography', 'Electrooculography', 'Event-Related Potentials, P300', 'Female', 'Form Perception', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Space Perception']
| 12,706,225
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F02.463.188'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['E01.370.380.230.285', 'E01.370.405.245.787.285'], ['G07.265.216.500.350', 'G11.561.200.500.350'], ['F02.463.593.373', 'F02.463.593.778.435'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.463.593.778']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Low-rank representation with adaptive graph regularization.
|
Low-rank representation (LRR) has aroused much attention in the community of data mining. However, it has the following twoproblems which greatly limit its applications: (1) it cannot discover the intrinsic structure of data owing to the neglect of the local structure of data; (2) the obtained graph is not the optimal graph for clustering. To solve the above problems and improve the clustering performance, we propose a novel graph learning method named low-rank representation with adaptive graph regularization (LRR_AGR) in this paper. Firstly, a distance regularization term and a non-negative constraint are jointly integrated into the framework of LRR, which enables the method to simultaneously exploit the global and local information of data for graph learning. Secondly, a novel rank constraint is further introduced to the model, which encourages the learned graph to have very clear clustering structures, i.e., exactly c connected components for the data with c clusters. These two approaches are meaningful and beneficial to learn the optimal graph that discovers the intrinsic structure of data. Finally, an efficient iterative algorithm is provided to optimize the model. Experimental results on synthetic and real datasets show that the proposed method can significantly improve the clustering performance.
|
['Algorithms', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Data Mining', 'Machine Learning']
| 30,173,056
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['L01.313.500.750.280.199', 'L01.470.625'], ['G17.035.250.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Spatial distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in coastal marine sediments receiving industrial effluents in Kuwait.
|
The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in surficial sediments receiving industrial and municipal effluents in Kuwait. The SigmaPCB concentrations varied by two orders of magnitude ranging from 0.4 to 84 microg kg(-1) dw. The homologue distribution in the study favored the more chlorinated congeners and generally followed the order: penta-PCBs > hexa-PCBs > tetra-PCBs approximately hepta-PCBs, with the dominant congeners being 138, 101, 110, 180, 153, 132, 149, and 118. The spatial distribution revealed significant intersite difference in concentration, with high levels encountered close to a harbor and several wastewater outlets suggesting that point source input is the primary delivery mechanism of PCBs to the sediment. This study suggests that atmospheric deposition of PCBs may not be a significant delivery mechanism to sediments in Kuwait possibly due to low annual precipitation and high annual temperatures that are experienced in the Arabian Gulf. The implication of this observation is that PCBs in air are likely to remain in the gas phase long enough to be subject to long-range atmospheric transport to other regions.
|
['Carbon', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Geologic Sediments', 'Industrial Waste', 'Kuwait', 'Petroleum', 'Polychlorinated Biphenyls', 'Power Plants', 'Seawater', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 16,205,983
|
[['D01.268.150'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G01.311.330', 'G16.500.320'], ['D20.944.420', 'N06.850.460.710.420'], ['Z01.252.245.500.425'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['D02.309.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.698', 'D02.455.526.439.773'], ['J01.780', 'J03.540.680'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
An aid to computerization of Heyman's afterloading system.
|
The authors describe a new type of dummy implant for use in the Heyman afterloading system. Inactive dummies with the same dimensions as the radioactive sources are loaded into the capsules before obtaining the orthogonal radiographs. The actual sources are not inserted until computer verification of satisfactory dose distribution has been obtained.
|
['Computers', 'Humans', 'Radiotherapy', 'Radiotherapy Dosage']
| 847,223
|
[['L01.224.230.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.815'], ['E02.815.639']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effect of bone marrow on healing of fractures, delayed unions and pseudoarthroses of long bones].
|
Healing of long bones after autogenic bone marrow grafting have been monitored in 96 patients aged 36.6 on an average. Bone marrow was harvested from iliac crest and after mixing it with heparin grafted transcutaneously into the fracture site in 24 fracture patients. 42 delayed unions and 30 cases of pseudoarthrosis. Pseudoarthroses were managed by bone marrow transplantation combined with the use of Zespol fixator but no intervention within pseudoarthrosis itself. In all cases union has been achieved in fractures, delayed unions and pseudoarthroses on an average 2.8, 3.2 and 3.4 months after bone marrow transplant respectively. Transplanted bone marrow proved to speed up healing process, what turned out to be especially useful in treating of delayed unions. Its combination with Zespol fixation has brought about new method of managing pseudoarthroses.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Child', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fracture Healing', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Fractures, Ununited', 'Humans', 'Ilium', 'Male', 'Pseudarthrosis']
| 7,671,698
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['C26.404'], ['C26.404.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.043.825.434'], ['C26.404.468.627']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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