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A fast cardiac gamma camera with dynamic SPECT capabilities: design, system validation and future potential.
|
PURPOSE: The goal of this study is to present the Discovery NM 530c (DNM), a cardiac SPECT camera, interfacing multi-pinhole collimators with solid-state modules, aiming at slashing acquisition time without jeopardizing quality. DNM resembles PET since it enables 3-D SPECT without detector motion. We further envision how these novel capabilities may help with current and future challenges of cardiac imaging.METHODS: DNM sensitivity, spatial resolution (SR) and energy resolution (ER), count rate response, cardiac uniformity and cardiac defect contrast were measured and compared to a dedicated cardiac, dual-head standard SPECT (S-SPECT) camera.RESULTS: DNM sensitivity was more than threefold higher while SR was notably better. Significantly, SR was the same for (99m)Tc and (201)Tl. ER was improved on DNM and allowed good separation of (99m)Tc and (123)I spectral peaks. Count rate remained linear on DNM up to 612 kcps, while S-SPECT showed severe dead time limitations. Phantom studies revealed comparable uniformity and defect contrast, notwithstanding significantly shorter acquisition time for the DNM. First patient images, including dynamic SPECT, are also presented.CONCLUSION: DNM is raising the bar for expedition and upgrade of practice. It features high sensitivity as well as improved SR, temporal resolution and ER. It enables reduction of acquisition time and fast protocols. Importantly, it is potentially capable of dynamic 3-D acquisition. The new technology is potentially upgradeable and may become a milestone in the evolution of nuclear cardiology as it assumes its key role in molecular imaging of the heart.
|
['Cardiology', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Gamma Cameras', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Male', 'Organotechnetium Compounds', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon']
| 20,585,775
|
[['H02.403.429.163'], ['E05.320'], ['E07.420'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['D02.691.825'], ['E07.671'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
[Diagnosis and surgical treatment of 102 cases of ventricular septal defect with patent ductus arteriosus].
|
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience of diagnosis and surgical treatment of ventricular septal defect with patent ductus arteriosus.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 102 cases of ventricular septal defect combined with patent ductus arteriosus who underwent surgical treatment. Preoperative ultrasonic cardiogram (UCG) showed ventricular septal defect combined with patent ductus arteriosus in 82 cases and ventricular septal defect in 20 cases.RESULTS: The hospital mortality was 4.9% (5/102). The reasons for death included low cardiac output syndrome (1 case), pulmonary hypertension crisis (2 cases) and respiratory failure (2 cases). In the remaining patients,the perioperative complications included lung infection (7 cases), pulmonary atelectasis (5 cases), hydrothorax (1 case), and pulmonary hypertension crisis (2 cases); and all the 15 patients recovered lastly. The pulmonary hypertension of all living patients decreased to some degree. The therapeutical effectiveness was satisfactory.CONCLUSION: Ventricular septal defect with patent ductus arteriosus is easy to be confused with ventricular septal defect clinically. At the same time,it is diffcult to form a correct diagnosis in some patients by UCG preoperatively. To prevent the occurrence of perfusive lung, it is important to reinforce preoperative diagnosis and exploration during operation. Because pulmonary hypertension in patients with ventricular septal defect with patent ductus arteriosus emerges early and develops quickly, it tends to result in organic pulmonary hypertension which can make patients lose operation chances and influence the long-term therapeutical effect. Surgical operation should be performed as soon as possible. Optimal operative timing and proper perioperative management play important roles in surgical results.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Ductus Arteriosus, Patent', 'Female', 'Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 15,898,440
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C14.240.400.340', 'C14.280.400.340', 'C16.131.240.400.340'], ['C14.240.400.560.540', 'C14.280.400.560.540', 'C16.131.240.400.560.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The glutathione peroxidase gene family in Thellungiella salsuginea: genome-wide identification, classification, and gene and protein expression analysis under stress conditions.
|
Glutathione peroxidases (GPX) catalyze the reduction of H2O2 or organic hydroperoxides to water or corresponding alcohols using reduced glutathione, which plays an essential role in ROS (reactive oxygen species) homeostasis and stress signaling. Thellungiella salsuginea (Eutrema salsugineum), a relative of Arabidopsis thaliana, displays an extremely high level of tolerance to salt, drought, cold and oxidative stresses. The enzymatic antioxidant systems may contribute to the stress tolerance of T. salsuginea. In the present study, we aimed at understanding the roles of the antioxidant enzymes in T. salsuginea by focusing on the GPX family. We identified the eight GPX genes in T. salsuginea, and the structure of the N-terminal domains indicated their putative chloroplastic, mitochondrial and cytoplasmic location. The exon-intron organization of these genes exhibited a conserved pattern among plant GPX genes. Multiple environmental stresses and hormone response related cis-acting elements were predicted in the promoters of TsGPX genes. The gene and protein expression profiles of TsGPXs in response to high level of salinity and osmotic stresses, in leaves and roots of T. salsuginea were investigated using real-time RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. Our result showed that different members of the GPX gene family were coordinately regulated under specific environmental stress conditions, and supported the important roles of TsGPXs in salt and drought stress response in T. salsuginea.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabidopsis', 'Brassicaceae', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Genome, Plant', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protein Isoforms', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Transcriptome']
| 24,566,152
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G07.775'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of Successive Pharmacologic Hormone Suppression Testing for a Severe Presentation of Adolescent Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Case Report.
|
BACKGROUND: Pathological causes of acne and hirsutism include polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and adrenal or ovarian tumors. PCOS is largely a clinical diagnosis and often simple laboratory testing can rule out more severe pathology. In more severe cases, determination of the correct diagnosis can require hormone suppression testing. In this article, we present a full sequence of hormone suppression testing and workup necessary to arrive at the ultimate diagnosis.CASE PRESENTATION: A 12-year-old normal weight (body mass index = 29th percentile), premenarchal female with Tanner III breast, Tanner V pubic hair presented with a 2.5-year history of severe hirsutism (Ferriman-Gallwey Score of 22), clitoromegaly, and deep voice. Successive hormone suppression and testing (ACTH stimulation testing, ovarian and adrenal imaging, dexamethasone-suppressed ACTH stimulation testing, and oral contraceptive therapy) was necessary to rule out congenital adrenal hyperplasia or a tumor and confirm PCOS. Metabolic testing, completed only after diagnosing PCOS, demonstrated insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS: This patient had an extreme presentation of a common disorder. Her premenarchal status, elevated androgens, and virilization raised concern for non-PCOS pathology requiring sequential pharmacological hormone suppression testing and imaging for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The testing presented here is not novel, but we present the full sequence of testing and clinical results. This full sequence is rarely necessary for accurate diagnosis given clinical presentation and initial evaluation and, therefore, to our knowledge, has not been published. All providers caring for patients with PCOS should be familiar with this testing and its interpretation for severe cases that warrant extra attention.
|
['Child', 'Contraceptives, Oral', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Hirsutism', 'Humans', 'Hyperandrogenism', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Menstruation Disturbances', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Spironolactone', 'Virilism']
| 31,113,263
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.210', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.210'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['C17.800.329.750', 'C23.888.971.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.706.316.064.500', 'C12.706.316.090.750', 'C13.351.875.253.064.500', 'C13.351.875.253.090.750', 'C16.131.939.316.064.500', 'C16.131.939.316.129.750', 'C19.391.119.064.500', 'C19.391.119.090.750'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C23.550.568'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['D02.540.679', 'D04.210.500.745.745.855'], ['C23.888.971']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A 21-35 kDa Mixed Protein Component from Helicobacter pylori Activates Mast Cells Effectively in Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.
|
BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) seem to involve in the etiology of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). But studies of the pathogenic mechanism are very little.METHODS: In this study, we detected the serum-specific anti-H. pylori IgG and IgE antibodies in 211 CSU and 137 normal subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), evaluated the direct activation effects of H. pylori preparations and its protein components on human LAD2 mast cell line in vitro, and analyzed the specific protein ingredients and functions of the most effective H. pylori mixed protein component using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and ELISA assay.RESULTS: In CSU patients, the positive rate of anti-H. pylori IgG positive rate was significantly higher than that in normal controls, and the anti-H. pylori IgE levels had no statistical difference between H. pylori-infected patients with and without CSU. Further studies suggested that H. pylori preparations can directly activate human LAD2 mast cell line in a dose-dependent manner and its most powerful protein component was a mixture of 21-35 kDa proteins. Moreover, the 21-35 kDa mixed protein component mainly contained 23 kinds of proteins, which can stimulate the release of histamine, TNF-a, IL-3, IFN-ã, and LTB4 by LAD2 cells in a dose-dependent or time-dependent manner.CONCLUSIONS: A 21-35 kDa mixed protein component should be regarded as the most promising pathogenic factor contributing to the CSU associated with H. pylori infection.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cell Line', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Male', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Mast Cells', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Weight', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Serum', 'Urticaria', 'Young Adult']
| 27,061,753
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.196.566'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G02.494'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['A12.207.152.846', 'A15.145.846'], ['C17.800.862.945', 'C20.543.480.904'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Modularity and stability in ecological communities.
|
Networks composed of distinct, densely connected subsystems are called modular. In ecology, it has been posited that a modular organization of species interactions would benefit the dynamical stability of communities, even though evidence supporting this hypothesis is mixed. Here we study the effect of modularity on the local stability of ecological dynamical systems, by presenting new results in random matrix theory, which are obtained using a quaternionic parameterization of the cavity method. Results show that modularity can have moderate stabilizing effects for particular parameter choices, while anti-modularity can greatly destabilize ecological networks.
|
['Animals', 'Ecosystem', 'Models, Biological', 'Plants']
| 27,337,386
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.650']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of endocytic uptake of MK2-inhibitor peptides.
|
Cell penetrating peptides (CPP) have been widely used to increase the cellular delivery of their associated cargo. Multiple modes of uptake have been identified; however, they cannot be predicted a priori. Elucidating these mechanisms is important for understanding peptide function as well as further optimizing cellular delivery. We have developed a class of mitogen activated protein kinase activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) inhibitor peptides, named FAK and YARA that utilize CPP domains to gain cellular access. In this study, we investigate the mechanism of endocytosis of these MK2 inhibitors by examining the uptake of fluorescently labeled peptide in human monocyte (THP-1) and mesothelial cells, and looking for colocalization with known markers of endocytosis. Our results indicate that uptake of the MK2 inhibitors was minimally enhanced by the addition of the fluorescent label, and that the type of endocytosis used by the inhibitor depends on several factors including concentration, cell type, and which CPP was used. We found that in THP-1 cells, the uptake of YARA occurred primarily via macropinocytosis, whereas FAK entered via all three mechanisms of endocytosis examined in this study. In mesothelial cells, uptake of YARA occurred via caveolae-mediated endocytosis, but became less specific at higher concentrations; whereas uptake of FAK occurred through clathrin-mediated endocytosis. In all cases, the delivery resulted in active inhibition of MK2. In summary, the results support endocytic uptake of fluorescently labeled FAK and YARA in two different cell lines, with the mechanism of uptake dependent on extracellular concentration, cell type, and choice of CPP.
|
['Cell-Penetrating Peptides', 'Endocytosis', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Monocytes', 'Peptides', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors']
| 24,014,473
|
[['D12.644.098'], ['G04.417'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.644'], ['D27.505.519.389.755']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tensile and shear bond strength of resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement to glazed porcelain.
|
The purpose of this study was to measure the tensile and shear bond strength of resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement (RGIC) to glazed porcelain, to evaluate the durability of RGIC by thermal cycling, and to examine the RGIC remaining on the surface of the porcelain after the bond strength test to evaluate bonding conditions. Three adhesives were used in this study: Concise (CO) as a chemically cured composite resin, Fuji ORTHO (FO) as a chemically cured RGIC, and Fuji ORTHO LC (FOLC) as a light-cured RGIC. Tensile and shear bond strengths were measured 24 hours after bonding orthodontic brackets and also after thermal cycling. Tensile bond strength after 24 hours was 6.6 +/- 3.2 MPa in CO, 7.3 +/- 1.4 MPa in FO, and 8.6 +/- 1.9 MPa in FOLC, and the strength significantly decreased after the thermal cycling test. Shear bond strength after 24 hours was 32.5 +/- 8.9 MPa in CO, 23.3 +/- 6.8 MPa in FO, and 24.7 +/- 6.5 MPa in FOLC, and in contrast to tensile bond strength, no decreases in the strength were detected after the thermal cycling test. CO showed significantly higher shear bond strength than did FO and FOLC. When using the shear bond strength test and CO, destruction of porcelain surfaces frequently occurred after 24 hours and was observed in every specimen after the thermal cycling. RGIC was found to be an advantageous alternative to resin adhesive for bracket bonding to porcelain and to enamel.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Aluminum Silicates', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate', 'Dental Bonding', 'Dental Porcelain', 'Glass Ionomer Cements', 'Humans', 'Humidity', 'Materials Testing', 'Orthodontic Brackets', 'Resin Cements', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Surface Properties', 'Temperature', 'Tensile Strength', 'Thermodynamics', 'Time Factors']
| 12,940,567
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['D01.056.050.075', 'D01.578.725.025', 'D01.650.550.050.075', 'D01.837.725.700.760.050'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D02.241.081.069.600.150', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.100', 'D05.750.716.822.308.200', 'D25.339.816.500.200', 'D25.720.716.822.308.200', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500.200', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308.200'], ['E06.095'], ['D25.339.376', 'J01.637.051.339.376', 'J01.637.153.377'], ['D25.339.291.402', 'J01.637.051.339.291.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.275.063.725.310', 'G16.500.750.775.310', 'N06.230.150.372', 'N06.230.300.100.725.310'], ['E05.570'], ['E06.658.453.255.500'], ['D05.750.716.822.730', 'D25.339.291.750', 'D25.720.716.822.730', 'J01.637.051.339.291.750', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.730'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G02.860'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.374.850'], ['G01.906'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The feasibility of 1-stop examination of coronary CT angiography and abdominal enhanced CT.
|
This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of performing coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and abdominal enhanced computed tomography (CT) with 1-time injection of the agent.CCTA images (right coronary artery, left anterior descending coronary artery, and left circumflex coronary artery) were collected from 20 patients who completed a 1-stop combined examination of CCTA and abdominal enhanced CT (group A), 20 patients who only underwent abdominal enhanced CT (group B1), and 20 patients who only underwent CCTA (group B2). These images were interpreted using the 5-point Likert scale system by 2 experienced radiologists, and abdominal images were observed for breathing artifact. CT value, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and CTDI were recorded and compare among the 3 groups.The difference in image quality of the coronary and total volume of the contrast agent between group A and group B1 was not statistical significant (P > .05). The CT value and SNR in group B1 (CCTA) (CT: 394.65 ± 59.23, SNR: 17.38 ± 4.13) increased, compare with Group A (CT: 360.35 ± 34.16, SNR: 13.76 ± 1.84, P = .03, .01), while CTDI was undifferentiated between group A (17.14 ± 6.20) and group B1 (18.38 ± 9.79) (P = .64). The difference in CT value and SNR at the arterial phase and CT value at the venous phase between group A (abdomen) and group B2 were statistically significant, the CTDI in group A (9.09 ± 1.05) increased, compared with group B2 (8.23 ± 1.33) (P = .03), and SNR at the venous phase in group B2 (12.50 ± 2.43) increased, compared with group A (10.89 ± 2.03) (P = .03).Revolution CT can capture full images and very rapidly switch to the scan mode, enabling a 1-stop axial CCTA and enhanced helical abdominal scan. The 1-stop combined scan resulted in a satisfactory image quality, which reduced the contrast agent dose and simplified the workflow.The 1-stop combined scan allows for the high success rate of the examination, reduces the number of examinations, and decreases the dose and risk of injection of the contrast agent. This would be helpful for patients to obtain diagnostic images in time.
|
['Abdomen', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Contrast Media', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multimodal Imaging', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Workflow']
| 30,095,622
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.567'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['L01.906.893']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of dietary corn and olive oil versus coconut fat on biliary cholesterol secretion in rats.
|
We have studied the effects of dietary corn and olive oil versus coconut fat on bile formation and fluidity of hepatic plasma membranes in rats. After 4 weeks of feeding the purified diets containing 9% (w/w) of the test fats, there was no difference in plasma cholesterol concentration between the dietary groups. The amount of free and esterified cholesterol in the liver was significantly higher in rats fed either corn oil or olive oil as compared with coconut fat. In the rats fed olive oil, but not in those fed corn oil this was associated with lower rates of biliary phospholipid excretion. Bile flow was not differently influenced by the three dietary fats. Hepatic plasma membranes of the rats fed corn or olive oil contained more cholesterol and less phospholipids than those on coconut fat, which was, however, not accompanied by changes in fluidity of the membranes. These results indicate that in rats the type of dietary fat can induce considerable changes in hepatic cholesterol metabolism without affecting plasma cholesterol concentrations, and without consistent effects on biliary cholesterol secretion.
|
['Animals', 'Bile', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cholesterol', 'Coconut Oil', 'Corn Oil', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Fats, Unsaturated', 'Fatty Acids', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Olive Oil', 'Plant Oils', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 8,200,753
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.200.087'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D10.627.700.186'], ['D10.212.302.380.370', 'D10.212.507.340', 'D10.627.700.240', 'D20.215.784.750.240', 'G07.203.300.375.400.250', 'J02.500.375.400.250'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D10.212.302.380', 'G07.203.300.375.400', 'J02.500.375.400'], ['D10.251'], ['A03.620'], ['D10.212.302.380.580', 'D10.212.507.650', 'D10.627.700.728', 'G07.203.300.375.400.500', 'J02.500.375.400.500'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Learning in professionally 'distant' contexts: opportunities and challenges.
|
The changing nature of healthcare education and delivery is such that clinicians will increasingly find themselves practicing in contexts that are physically and/or conceptually different from the settings in which they were trained, a practice that conflicts on some level with socio-cultural theories of learning that emphasize learning in context. Our objective was therefore to explore learning in 'professionally distant' contexts. Using paramedic education, where portions of training occur in hospital settings despite preparing students for out-of-hospital work, fifty-three informants (11 current students, 13 recent graduates, 16 paramedic program faculty and 13 program coordinators/directors) took part in five semi-structured focus groups. Participants reflected on the value and role of hospital placements in paramedic student development. All sessions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. In this context six educational advantages and two challenges were identified when using professionally distant learning environments. Learning could still be associated with features such as (a) engagement through "authenticity", (b) technical skill development, (c) interpersonal skill development, (d) psychological resilience, (e) healthcare system knowledge and (f) scaffolding. Variability in learning and misalignment with learning goals were identified as potential threats. Learning environments that are professionally distant from eventual practice settings may prove meaningful by providing learners with foundational and preparatory learning experiences for competencies that may be transferrable. This suggests that where learning occurs may be less important than how the experience contributes to the learner's development and the meaning or value he/she derives from it.
|
['Allied Health Personnel', 'Education, Professional', 'Emergency Medicine', 'Focus Groups', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Problem-Based Learning']
| 27,295,218
|
[['M01.526.485.067', 'N02.360.067'], ['I02.358'], ['H02.403.250'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.720', 'I02.158.660', 'I02.903.565']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Laryngeal closure impedes non-invasive ventilation at birth.
|
BACKGROUND: Non-invasive ventilation is sometimes unable to provide the respiratory needs of very premature infants in the delivery room. While airway obstruction is thought to be the main problem, the site of obstruction is unknown. We investigated whether closure of the larynx and epiglottis is a major site of airway obstruction.METHODS: We used phase contrast X-ray imaging to visualise laryngeal function in spontaneously breathing premature rabbits immediately after birth and at approximately 1 hour after birth. Non-invasive respiratory support was applied via a facemask and images were analysed to determine the percentage of the time the glottis and the epiglottis were open.HYPOTHESIS: Immediately after birth, the larynx is predominantly closed, only opening briefly during a breath, making non-invasive intermittent positive pressure ventilation (iPPV) ineffective, whereas after lung aeration, the larynx is predominantly open allowing non-invasive iPPV to ventilate the lung.RESULTS: The larynx and epiglottis were predominantly closed (open 25.5%±1.1% and 17.1%±1.6% of the time, respectively) in pups with unaerated lungs and unstable breathing patterns immediately after birth. In contrast, the larynx and the epiglottis were mostly open (90.5%±1.9% and 72.3%±2.3% of the time, respectively) in pups with aerated lungs and stable breathing patterns irrespective of time after birth.CONCLUSION: Laryngeal closure impedes non-invasive iPPV at birth and may reduce the effectiveness of non-invasive respiratory support in premature infants immediately after birth.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Epiglottis', 'Glottis', 'Larynx', 'Lung', 'Noninvasive Ventilation', 'Rabbits']
| 29,054,974
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A02.165.257.625.411', 'A02.165.407.500.411', 'A04.329.591.411'], ['A04.329.364'], ['A04.329'], ['A04.411'], ['E02.041.625.591', 'E02.880.820.657'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Relationship between the form of the disease and several constitutional characteristics of epileptic patients and their relatives].
|
A clinical analysis demonstrated an increased frequency of athletic-displastic body built in 252 patients with epilepsy and in 204 cases of close relatives in comparison with the control group (151 cases). The data indicate to a correlation between the body built and premorbid characterological traits (162 patients) with clinico-etiological forms of the disease. The author discusses the influence of constitution (type of body built, epileptoidity), premorbid characterological shifts of the organic type on the phenotypical expressions of epilepsy and their relative role in the genesis of different clinico-etiological forms (genuine, symptomatical, generalized, facal) of the disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Body Constitution', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 899,495
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Polymorphisms of the ApoE, HSD3B1, IL-1beta and p53 genes are associated with the development of early uremic complications in diabetic patients: results of a DNA resequencing array study.
|
Genetic polymorphisms of the genes involved in angiogenesis, the inflammatory cascade or apoptosis control can influence the chronic complications of diabetic patients. Parallel evaluation of multiple genetic polymorphisms became available with the development of DNA resequencing arrays. We aimed to develop a 16-gene, 18,859-nucleotide resequencing array to analyze the genetic background of uremic and gastrointestinal complications. DNA was isolated from 10 ml of peripheral blood of 41 non-uremic and 37 uremic patients with type II diabetes mellitus (DM); 32 suffering from gastric erosion complications. An Affymetrix Customseq Resequencing array was developed containing a total of 37 PCR products of selected genes. Confirmatory analysis was performed for 5 known polymorphisms by RFLP and for 4 others by capillary sequencing. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher's exact test. Correlations between the DNA resequencing array and the confirmatory methods were 96% for RFLP and 99.4% for capillary sequencing. The genetic polymorphisms of the ApoE, HSD3B1, IL-1beta and p53 genes were found to be significantly different (p<0.05) between the uremic and non-uremic diabetes group. In regards to the gastric erosion complications of the diabetic uremic patients, the A17708T polymorphism of the p53 intron 10 was found to have a statistically significant (p<0.05) role. In conclusion, DNA sequencing arrays can contribute to a multiparameter genetic analysis yielding highly correlating results using a single method in patients suffering type II DM.
|
['Apolipoproteins E', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Progesterone Reductase', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Uremia']
| 19,148,546
|
[['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D08.811.682.047.436.350.700', 'D08.811.682.047.820.500'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['C12.777.419.936', 'C13.351.968.419.936']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A mathematical model for breath gas analysis of volatile organic compounds with special emphasis on acetone.
|
Recommended standardized procedures for determining exhaled lower respiratory nitric oxide and nasal nitric oxide (NO) have been developed by task forces of the European Respiratory Society and the American Thoracic Society. These recommendations have paved the way for the measurement of nitric oxide to become a diagnostic tool for specific clinical applications. It would be desirable to develop similar guidelines for the sampling of other trace gases in exhaled breath, especially volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which may reflect ongoing metabolism. The concentrations of water-soluble, blood-borne substances in exhaled breath are influenced by: (i) breathing patterns affecting gas exchange in the conducting airways, (ii) the concentrations in the tracheo-bronchial lining fluid, (iii) the alveolar and systemic concentrations of the compound. The classical Farhi equation takes only the alveolar concentrations into account. Real-time measurements of acetone in end-tidal breath under an ergometer challenge show characteristics which cannot be explained within the Farhi setting. Here we develop a compartment model that reliably captures these profiles and is capable of relating breath to the systemic concentrations of acetone. By comparison with experimental data it is inferred that the major part of variability in breath acetone concentrations (e.g., in response to moderate exercise or altered breathing patterns) can be attributed to airway gas exchange, with minimal changes of the underlying blood and tissue concentrations. Moreover, the model illuminates the discrepancies between observed and theoretically predicted blood-breath ratios of acetone during resting conditions, i.e., in steady state. Particularly, the current formulation includes the classical Farhi and the Scheid series inhomogeneity model as special limiting cases and thus is expected to have general relevance for a wider range of blood-borne inert gases. The chief intention of the present modeling study is to provide mechanistic relationships for further investigating the exhalation kinetics of acetone and other water-soluble species. This quantitative approach is a first step towards new guidelines for breath gas analyses of volatile organic compounds, similar to those for nitric oxide.
|
['Acetone', 'Breath Tests', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Volatile Organic Compounds']
| 21,234,569
|
[['D02.522.064'], ['E01.370.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D02.974']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Undiagnosed diabetes and impaired glucose regulation in adult Ghanaians using the ADA and WHO diagnostic criteria.
|
Fasting glucose and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) criteria for glucose homeostasis were compared in a cross-sectional cluster, community study in Accra, Ghana. A total of 4636 subjects without prior diagnosis of diabetes had fasting plasma glucose, 2-hour OGTT and measurement of cardiovascular risk factors. Mean age of subjects was 44.2 years: 39.1% of subjects were males. The overall prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes ascertained with both criteria was 4.5% (n=209). The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes by fasting (3.2%) and OGTT (3.1%) criteria were similar (p>0.05). The prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (15.8%) was higher than that of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (10.7%). Only 56.5% (n=83) of subjects with diabetes by fasting criteria also had diabetes by OGTT criteria. Sixty-two subjects (42.8%) with diabetes by OGTT had normal or impaired fasting glucose. There was poor agreement between the two diagnostic criteria (kappa=0.31). The concordant normoglycaemic group was the youngest and had the lowest body-mass index (BMI), waist girth, waist-hip ratio (WHR), total cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures. The concordant diabetic group, in contrast, had the highest BMI, waist girth, WHR, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Both systems gave similar undiagnosed diabetes rates but dissimilar IFG and IGT rates. There was poor agreement between the two diagnostic criteria. Diagnostic criteria influenced cardiovascular risk factors. A case may be made for using both criteria in order to ascertain all "diabetes" and all "at-risk" subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cholesterol', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Ghana', 'Glucose Intolerance', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Rural Population', 'Societies, Medical', 'Triglycerides', 'United States', 'Urban Population', 'World Health Organization']
| 12,043,940
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C14'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['Z01.058.290.190.320'], ['C18.452.394.952.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N01.600.725'], ['N03.540.828.589'], ['D10.351.801'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.600.900'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
C3b acceptors on macrophages: inhibition of Fc gamma-receptor-mediated phagocytosis by acceptor-bound C3b.
|
The binding of nascent human C3b (i.e. the fragment of C3 just after trypsin cleavage) to mouse peritoneal macrophages was demonstrated by immune adherence. Acceptor-bound C3b could be detected longer than 24 h on the cell membrane. The rosette formation and phagocytosis of SRBC coated with anti-SRBC rat IgG was inhibited by preincubation of the cells with C3 and trypsin (15 min, 37 degrees C). However, the phagocytosis of opsonized yeast particles was not influenced by acceptor-bound C3b, proving that C3b-C3b acceptor interaction did not alter the function of C3b-receptors. Acceptor-bound C3b on the macrophages failed to mediate phagocytosis of human 0,Rh+ red cells having C3b-receptors.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Complement C3b', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Humans', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Phagocytosis', 'Receptors, Complement', 'Receptors, Complement 3b', 'Receptors, Fc', 'Receptors, IgG', 'Rosette Formation']
| 6,226,600
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.250.260'], ['G12.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.833'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.833.600'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.300'], ['E01.370.225.812.706', 'E05.200.812.706', 'E05.478.594.730']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
On the molecular interactions between alpha-thalassaemia and sickle cell gene.
|
Using the restriction endonucleases, Bam HI, Bgl II, Hind III and EcoRI, the alpha-gene arrangements were investigated in heterozygotes and homozygotes for the sickle cell haemoglobin (Hb S). In the heterozygotes (Hb AS) group the Hb S level showed a trimodal distribution due to presence of the normal alpha-globin genes (alpha alpha/alpha alpha) or of one (-alpha/alpha alpha) or two (-alpha/-alpha) alpha-genes deletions. The haematological analytes inversely correlated with the associated alpha-thalassaemia (alpha-thal.) genes. In the Hb S homozygotes (Hb SS), associated alpha-thalassaemia was found to ameliorate the clinical manifestations and improved the haematological values. Co-existing triple alpha-gene arrangement, alpha alpha alpha anti 3.7/, with Hb AS did not influence the haematological analytes. In Hb SS, presence of alpha alpha alpha anti 3.7/ resulted in a severe sickle cell anaemia (SCA) with a high severity index (> 11) and with frequent crises, transfusion requirements and hospitalizations. It is suggested that reduced level of alpha-chain ameliorates SCA while excess of alpha-globin chain production gives rise to a severe form of SCA.
|
['Blood Transfusion', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11', 'DNA', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Hemoglobin SC Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Twins, Dizygotic', 'Twins, Monozygotic', 'alpha-Thalassemia']
| 8,411,313
|
[['E02.095.135'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.355', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.355'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.150.440', 'C15.378.420.155.440', 'C16.320.070.150.440', 'C16.320.365.155.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.438.873.920'], ['M01.438.873.940'], ['C15.378.071.141.150.875.100', 'C15.378.420.826.100', 'C16.320.070.875.100', 'C16.320.365.826.100']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Caring for the infirm: a task for the individual or for a social insurance programme?
|
In West Germany, seventy per cent of all nursing home patients receive only a pocket-money, for social health insurances are responsible only for the care of "sick" people, but not of those needing only "care". The infirm individual, however, rarely can pay for the costs of nursing homes out of his own revenue. Despite general agreement that guarding against the financial risks of becoming dependent on nursing is insufficient there is little consensus on what a new concept should look like. Some proposals are more concerned with avoiding cost-expansion than with effective health care. On the one hand, the implementation of a new branch in the social insurance system, called "nursing insurance", is demanded, which would pay for the stay in nursing homes. On the other hand, it is emphasized that the capacity for voluntary individual provision should be strengthened as well as the families' means to care for their bedridden members. This paper presents the discussion and outlines implications for health care of the various proposals.
|
['Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Germany, West', 'Health Services for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Nursing Homes', 'Social Security']
| 10,269,651
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['Z01.586.350'], ['N02.421.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.849', 'N03.219.521.576.823']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Anti-inflammatory effect of virgin olive oil in stable coronary disease patients: a randomized, crossover, controlled trial.
|
OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of two similar olive oils, but with differences in their phenolic compounds (powerful antioxidant compounds), on inflammatory markers in stable coronary heart disease patients.DESIGN: Placebo-controlled, crossover, randomized trial.SETTING: Cardiology Department of Hospital del Mar and Institut Municipal d'Investigaci? M?dica (Barcelona).SUBJECTS: Twenty-eight stable coronary heart disease patients.INTERVENTIONS: A raw daily dose of 50 ml of virgin and refined olive oil (ROO) was sequentially administered over two periods of 3-weeks, preceded by 2-week washout periods in which ROO was used.RESULTS: Interleukin-6 (P<0.002) and C-reactive protein (P=0.024) decreased after virgin olive oil intervention. No changes were observed in soluble intercellular and vascular adhesion molecules, glucose and lipid profile.CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of virgin olive oil, could provide beneficial effects in stable coronary heart disease patients as an additional intervention to the pharmacological treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Antioxidants', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Coronary Disease', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Dietary Fats, Unsaturated', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Male', 'Olive Oil', 'Plant Oils']
| 17,375,118
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D10.212.302.380', 'G07.203.300.375.400', 'J02.500.375.400'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['G03.458'], ['D10.212.302.380.580', 'D10.212.507.650', 'D10.627.700.728', 'G07.203.300.375.400.500', 'J02.500.375.400.500'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The use of isoproterenol and phenytoin to reverse torsade de pointes.
|
Torsade de pointes is a form of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that differs from other forms of ventricular tachycardia in its morphology, precipitating factors, and therapeutic approach. Its recognition is of utmost importance, as the standard anti-arrythmic drugs not only might be ineffective in its termination but also may aggravate it. Herein, we report a case of antipsychotic-induced torsade de pointes and describe the use of magnesium sulfate, isoproterenol, and phenytoin and their proposed mechanism of action.
|
['Adult', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Electrocardiography', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Isoproterenol', 'Phenytoin', 'Torsades de Pointes', 'Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers']
| 24,462,399
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['D03.383.129.308.432.555.730'], ['C14.280.067.845.940.700', 'C14.280.123.875.940.700', 'C23.550.073.845.940.700'], ['D27.505.519.562.750.500', 'D27.505.954.411.720.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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| 1
| 1
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|
Tocilizumab, a proposed therapy for the cachexia of Interleukin6-expressing lung cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: We previously reported the role of IL-6 in a murine model of cancer cachexia and currently documented a patient in whom tocilizumab, anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, dramatically improved cachexia induced by IL-6 over-expressing lung cancer. Despite this potential to alleviate cancer cachexia, tocilizumab has not been approved for this clinical use. Therefore, preceding our planned clinical trial of tocilizumab, we designed the two studies described here to evaluate the levels of IL-6 in patients with lung cancer and the effect of tocilizumab in a murine model of human cancer cachexia.METHODS: First, we measured serum IL-6 levels in patients with lung cancer and analyzed its association with cachexia and survival. Next, we examined the effect of a rodent analog of tocilizumab (MR16-1) in the experimental cachexia model.RESULTS: Serum IL-6 levels were higher in patients with cachexia than those without cachexia. In patients with chemotherapy-resistant lung cancer, a high IL-6 serum level correlated strongly with survival, and the cut-off level for affecting their prognosis was 21 pg/mL. Meanwhile, transplantation of IL-6-expressing Lewis Lung Carcinoma cells caused cachexia in mice, which then received either MR16-1 or 0.9% saline. Tumor growth was similar in both groups; however, the MR16-1 group lost less weight, maintained better food and water intake and had milder cachectic features in blood. MR16-1 also prolonged the survival of LLC-IL6 transplanted mice (36.6 vs. 28.5 days, p = 0.016).CONCLUSION: Our clinical and experimental studies revealed that serum IL-6 is a surrogate marker for evaluating cachexia and the prognosis of patients with chemotherapy resistant metastatic lung cancer and that tocilizumab has the potential of improving prognosis and ameliorating the cachexia that so devastates their quality of life. This outcome greatly encourages our clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tocilizumab treatment for patients with increased serum IL-6.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cachexia', 'Carcinoma, Lewis Lung', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Receptors, Interleukin-6']
| 25,010,770
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C23.888.144.243.963.500.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.280', 'C04.619.230'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Resistance exercise mediates remote ischemic preconditioning by limiting cardiac eNOS uncoupling.
|
BACKGROUND: Currently viewed as a complementary non-pharmacological intervention for preventing cardiac disorders, long-term aerobic training produces cardioprotection through remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) mechanisms. However, RIPC triggered by acute exercise remains poorly understood. Although resistance exercise (RE) has been highly recommended by several public health guidelines, there is no evidence showing that RE mediates RIPC. Hence, we investigated whether RE induces cardiac RIPC through nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-dependent mechanism.METHODS AND RESULTS: Acute RE at 40% of the maximal load augmented systemic nitrite levels, associated with increased cardiac eNOS phosphorylation, without affecting nNOS activity. Using an experimental model of myocardial infarction (MI) through ischemia-reperfusion (IR), RE fully prevented the loss of cardiac contractility and the extent of MI size compared to non-exercised (NE) rats. Moreover, RE mitigated aberrant ST-segment and reduced life-threatening arrhythmias induced by IR. Importantly, inhibition of NOS abolished the RE-mediated cardioprotection. After IR, NE rats showed increased cardiac eNOS activity, associated with reduced dimer/monomer ratio. Supporting the pivotal role of eNOS coupling during MI, non-exercised rats displayed a marked generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative-induced carbonylation of proteins, whereas RE prevented these responses. We validated our data demonstrating a restoration of physiological ROS levels in NE + IR cardiac sections treated with BH4, a cofactor oxidatively depleted during eNOS uncoupling, while cardiac ROS generation from exercised rats remained unchanged, suggesting no physiological needs of supplemental eNOS cofactors.CONCLUSION: Together, our findings strongly indicate that RE mediates RIPC by limiting eNOS uncoupling and mitigates myocardial IR injury.
|
['Animals', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Blotting, Western', 'Electrocardiography', 'Ischemic Preconditioning', 'Male', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III', 'Physical Conditioning, Animal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reactive Oxygen Species']
| 30,339,842
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['E02.592', 'E05.516'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.750'], ['G11.427.410.698.277.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cerebral Vasculopathy in Coarctation of Aorta-a Rare Association.
|
Coarctation of aorta is a rare congenital cardiovascular condition where patients are at risk of systemic arteriopathy, including hypertension and intracranial aneurysms.1 Here we report a rare case of young ischemic stroke, who was found to be having a cerebral vasculopathy and coarctation of aorta on evaluation.
|
['Adult', 'Aortic Coarctation', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Collateral Circulation', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Stroke']
| 30,093,195
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.240.400.090', 'C14.280.400.090', 'C16.131.240.400.090'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['G09.330.100.248'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Transgender Children: Conundrums and Controversies--A Introduction to the Section.
|
This paper introduces the readership of The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child to the topic of transgender children, which will be investigated in the papers that follow. A flashpoint in the recent discourse that escorts children who self-describe as gender nonconforming is whether or not to support the practice of the medical suspension of puberty of these children by the administration of hormonal treatment. Relevant up-to-date research findings on this subject will be reviewed here. Despite those advocates and opponents who swarm around both poles, any reliable conclusions as to the long-term safety and psychological effects of puberty suppressants will remain provisional untilfuture studies proffer more definitive answers. While we await further study, the journal sees the necessity to press for dialogue concerning this conundrum. Anchoring this section is a clinical paper by Diane Ehrensaft, Ph.D., which documents the psychotherapeutic treatment of a transgender child who was prescribed puberty suppressants. The commentaries that follow and that are briefly summarized in this introduction will accent the psychoanalytic developmental point of view. This will provide the principal framework for the study of this controversy, which underscores the complementary dimensions of linear and nonlinear progressive hierarchical growth. In this context, features such as the developmentally normative fluidity of self-structures, including gender role identity, and the evolution of concrete thinking toward metaphoricity and figurative meaning-making in middle childhood and adolescence will be examined and applied to the clinical data. In addition, the argument that the use of puberty suppressants exacts a premature foreclosure on the reorganizing potential of developmental growth, and the proposed efftcts of the crosscurrents of the sociocultural body politic on these children and on the decision to opt for the suspension of pubertal growth will be explored.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Female', 'Gender Identity', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychoanalytic Theory', 'Psychoanalytic Therapy', 'Psychosexual Development', 'Puberty', 'Puberty, Delayed', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Transgender Persons']
| 26,173,324
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.393.446.250', 'F01.752.747.385.200', 'F01.752.747.722.200', 'F02.739.794.793.200'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.739.794'], ['F04.754.709'], ['F01.752.747.722', 'F02.739.794.793'], ['G08.686.760', 'G08.686.841.374'], ['C19.391.690'], ['G08.686.815'], ['M01.777.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of ACL mid-substance cross-sectional area for reconstructed autograft selection.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the size of the native ACL mid-substance cross-sectional area and the size of commonly used autografts. Hypothesis of this study was that the reconstructed graft size with autografts would be smaller than the native ACL size.METHODS: Twelve non-paired human cadaver knees were used. The ACL was carefully dissected, and the mid-substance of the ACL was cross-sectioned parallel to the articular surface of the femoral posterior condyles at 90 degrees of knee flexion. The size of the cross-sectional area of the ACL, and the femoral and tibial footprints were measured using Image J software (National Institute of Health). The semitendinosus tendon (ST) and the gracilis (G) tendon were harvested and prepared for ACL grafts. Simulating an ST graft, the ST was cut in half. The bigger half was regarded as the antero-medial (AM) bundle, and the remaining half was regarded as the postero-lateral (PL) bundle. Simulating an ST-G graft, the bigger half of the ST and G were regarded as the AM bundle, and the smaller half of the ST was regarded as the PL bundle. Each graft diameter was measured, and the graft area was calculated. Simulating a rectangular bone-patella tendon-bone (BPTB) graft, a 10-mm-wide BPTB graft was harvested and the area calculated.RESULTS: The sizes of the ACL mid-substance cross-sectional area, femoral and tibial ACL footprint were 46.9 ± 18.3, 60.1 ± 16.9 and 123.5 ± 12.5 mm(2), respectively. The average areas of the ST, ST-G, and BPTB grafts were 52.0 ± 3.8, 64.4 ± 6.2, and 40.8 ± 6.7 mm(2), respectively. The ST and BPTB grafts showed no significant difference in graft size when compared with the ACL cross-sectional area.CONCLUSION: ST and BPTB autografts were able to reproduce the native size of the ACL mid-substance cross-sectional area. The ST-G graft was significantly larger than the ACL cross-sectional area. For clinical relevance, ST and BPTB grafts are recommended in order to reproduce the native size of the ACL in anatomical ACL reconstruction with autograft.
|
['Aged', 'Anatomy, Cross-Sectional', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Autografts', 'Cadaver', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee Injuries', 'Leg', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patellar Ligament', 'Tendons', 'Thigh', 'Tibia', 'Transplants']
| 23,263,230
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['H01.158.100.185'], ['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['E04.555.110.026', 'E04.680.101.026'], ['A01.941.750'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.513.514.475', 'A02.835.583.512.475', 'A02.880.438', 'A10.165.669.514.475'], ['A02.880'], ['A01.378.610.750'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['A01.941']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The anabolic effects of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle after burn injury are not caused by increased cell volume.
|
BACKGROUND: In a recent report, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) stimulated protein synthesis and inhibited protein breakdown in skeletal muscle after bum injury. The mechanism of the anabolic effects of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle is not known. We tested the hypotheses that IGF-1 stimulates protein synthesis and inhibits protein breakdown in skeletal muscle secondary to cell swelling and that cell swelling in itself induces an anabolic response in muscle tissue.METHODS: Extensor digitorum longus muscles from control and burned rats were incubated in the absence or presence of 1 microg/mL of IGF-1. Protein synthesis and breakdown rates were determined by measuring incorporation of 14C-phenylalanine into protein and net release of tyrosine, respectively. Cell volume was measured by determining wet and dry weight and by using 3H-mannitol as an extracellular marker.RESULTS: IGF-1 stimulated protein synthesis and inhibited protein breakdown in muscles from nonburned and burned rats without influencing cell volume. Incubating muscles in hypo-osmotic medium increased cell volume by 17% and inhibited protein breakdown by 14% but did not influence protein synthesis.CONCLUSIONS: The anabolic effects of IGF-1 in skeletal muscle are not caused by increased cell volume. The results differ from those reported previously in liver cells in which the anabolic effects of IGF-1 were associated with cell swelling. The role of changes in cell volume in the regulation of protein metabolism may be different in skeletal muscle than in other tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Burns', 'Cell Size', 'Colchicine', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Male', 'Mannitol', 'Microtubules', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Phenylalanine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tritium', 'Tyrosine']
| 9,586,787
|
[['B01.050'], ['C26.200'], ['G04.325'], ['D03.132.225'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rates of major complications during neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer: An off study population.
|
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence and risk factors for thromboembolic events (TE) and febrile neutropenia (FN) in patients receiving systemic chemotherapy for early breast cancer (EBC).METHODS: 325 patients received FEC75, FEC100-T or ECaP for EBC in 2013.RESULTS: TE occurred in 7.4% and FN in 19.1% of patients. Risk factors for TE were: central venous catheter (p = 0.011). Risk factors for FN were: FEC100-T treatment versus FEC75 and ECaP (p ? 0.001); lower pre-treatment neutrophil count (p = 0.009) and poorer performance status (p = 0.012). Two patients died from treatment-related toxicities.CONCLUSION: In real-world experience, the majority of patients completed adequate treatment, despite significant complications.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Carcinoma, Lobular', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Docetaxel', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epirubicin', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Mastectomy', 'Mastectomy, Segmental', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoadjuvant Therapy', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Paclitaxel', 'Pulmonary Embolism', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy', 'Stroke', 'Taxoids', 'Thromboembolism', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 27,569,021
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.305', 'C04.557.470.615.305', 'C04.588.180.437', 'C17.800.090.500.437'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['C15.378.553.546.184.564.750.500'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.389', 'D02.455.849.291.850.389'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175.200'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E04.466'], ['E04.466.701'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.186.450'], ['E01.789.625'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['C08.381.746', 'C14.907.355.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.580', 'E01.370.225.998.054.580', 'E01.370.388.100.580', 'E04.074.580', 'E04.446.819', 'E05.200.500.384.100.580', 'E05.200.998.054.580', 'E05.242.384.100.580'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nutrition and physical activity program to attenuate obesity and promote physical and metabolic fitness in elementary school children.
|
Obesity and low levels of physical and metabolic fitness are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The purpose of this investigation was to attenuate obesity and improve physical and metabolic fitness in elementary school children. Schools have the opportunity, mechanisms, and personnel in place to deliver nutrition education, fitness activities, and a school food service that is nutritious and healthy. Cohorts from grades 3 to 5 in two school districts in rural Nebraska (Intervention/Control) participated in a 2-year study of physical activity and modified school lunch program. Data collection for aerobic capacity, body composition, blood chemistry, nutrition knowledge, energy intake, and physical activity was at the beginning and end of each year. Int received enhanced physical activity, grade specific nutrition education, and a lower fat and sodium school lunch program. Con continued with a regular school lunch and team sports activity program. At year 2, Int lunches had significantly less energy (9%), fat (25%), sodium (21%), and more fiber (17%). However, measures of 24-hour energy intake for Int and Con showed significant differences for sodium only. Physical activity in the classroom was 6% greater for Int compared to Con (p < 0.05) but physical activity outside of school was approximately 16% less for Int compared to Con (p < 0.05). Body weight and body fat were not different between schools for normal weight or obese children. No differences were found for cholesterol, insulin, and glucose; however, HDL cholesterol was significantly greater and cholesterol/HDL was significantly less for Int compared to Con (p < 0.05). It appears that compensation in both energy intake and physical activity outside of school may be responsible for the lack of differences between Int and Con.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Composition', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Cholesterol', 'Cohort Studies', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Fiber', 'Energy Intake', 'Food Services', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Nebraska', 'Nutritional Sciences', 'Obesity', 'Physical Education and Training', 'Physical Fitness', 'Risk Factors', 'School Health Services', 'Sodium, Dietary', 'Weight Gain']
| 8,732,957
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D09.301.416', 'G07.203.300.400', 'J02.500.400'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['J01.576.423.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.520'], ['H02.533'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['I02.233.543'], ['G11.427.685', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800', 'N01.400.545'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['D01.857.875'], ['C23.888.144.243.926', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.926']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Diet-Induced Nutritional Stress and Pathogen Interference in Wolbachia-Infected Aedes aegypti.
|
The pathogen interference phenotype greatly restricts infection with dengue virus (DENV) and other pathogens in Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti, and is a vital component of Wolbachia-based mosquito control. Critically, the phenotype's causal mechanism is complex and poorly understood, with recent evidence suggesting that the cause may be species specific. To better understand this important phenotype, we investigated the role of diet-induced nutritional stress on interference against DENV and the avian malarial parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum in Wolbachia-infected Ae. aegypti, and on physiological processes linked to the phenotype. Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes were fed one of four different concentrations of sucrose, and then challenged with either P. gallinaceum or DENV. Interference against P. gallinaceum was significantly weakened by the change in diet however there was no effect on DENV interference. Immune gene expression and H2O2 levels have previously been linked to pathogen interference. These traits were assayed for mosquitoes on each diet using RT-qPCR and the Amplex Red Hydrogen Peroxide/Peroxidase Assay Kit, and it was observed that the change in diet did not significantly affect immune expression, but low carbohydrate levels led to a loss of ROS induction in Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes. Our data suggest that host nutrition may not influence DENV interference for Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, but Plasmodium interference may be linked to both nutrition and oxidative stress. This pathogen-specific response to nutritional change highlights the complex nature of interactions between Wolbachia and pathogens in mosquitoes.
|
['Aedes', 'Animals', 'Dengue Virus', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Insect Vectors', 'Male', 'Pest Control, Biological', 'Plasmodium gallinaceum', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Wolbachia']
| 27,893,736
|
[['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B04.820.578.344.350.270'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.650'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.576'], ['G07.775'], ['B03.660.050.783.500.762']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Glutathione and caffeine antagonize the sperm-immobilizing effect of a vaginal contraceptive.
|
The concentration-dependent inhibition of Neosampoon, a vaginal contraceptive, on ejaculated human sperm motility was studied with a transmembrane migration method. Caffeine (5mM), glutathione (5mM) and glutathione (15mM) all reactivated the motility of Neosampoon-immobilized sperm. Caffeine (5mM) was more potent than glutathione in antagonizing Neosampoon; there was no difference between the potency of 5mM- and 15mM-glutathione. Human sperm motility could be a model for studying the interaction of membrane-active drugs, including the protective effect of glutathione against membrane-disrupting agents.
|
['Caffeine', 'Glutathione', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Sperm Immobilizing Agents']
| 6,480,005
|
[['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['D27.505.696.138.379', 'D27.505.696.875.360.276.727', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.727', 'D27.888.569.071.379']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gd-DTPA-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging of the cavernous sinus.
|
Based upon our experiences with 7 cases and a literature review a survey is provided on the possibilities and limitations of preoperative diagnosis of space-occupying lesions of the cavernous sinus using MRI with Gd-DTPA enhancement. Advantages are, that in many cases arteriography is no longer necessary, and that the diagnostic sensitivity is higher as compared with CT. The pattern of enhancement does not allow for histological distinction among the various lesions.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Cavernous Sinus', 'Cranial Nerve Neoplasms', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Pentetic Acid']
| 1,803,866
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['A07.015.908.224.334'], ['C04.588.614.300', 'C04.588.614.596.240', 'C10.292.225', 'C10.551.360', 'C10.551.775.250'], ['E01.171'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['D02.691'], ['D02.092.782.590', 'D02.241.081.018.639']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intrahepatic CD4 T-Cell apoptosis is related to METAVIR score in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus.
|
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection leads to liver injury, which is thought to be immune-mediated. Apoptosis of hepatic T cells could influence histological damage. We quantified peripheral and intrahepatic T-cell apoptosis in 28 patients with chronic hepatitis C by using cytofluorometric techniques. METAVIR score and HCV plasma viral load were determined. Six liver biopsies, obtained from controls without chronic hepatitis during hepatobiliary surgery, served as controls. In patients, liver T-cell apoptosis was upregulated compared to peripheral T cells: 35 versus 7% for CD4+ and 56 versus 13% for CD8+ T cells (P < 0.001). Liver T-cell apoptosis levels from patients were increased compared to controls for both CD4+ (P = 0.041) and CD8+ T cells (P = 0.007). Nine patients exhibiting METAVIR scores A and F < or = 1 showed higher intrahepatic CD4+ T-cell apoptosis compared to the 19 patients with a higher METAVIR score (P = 0.001) and both histological activity and fibrosis were related to apoptosis level. There was also an inverse relationship between the level of intrahepatic CD8+ T-cell apoptosis and serum transaminase activity (P = 0.023). Our study shows immune compartmentalization, suggesting that the study of peripheral blood lymphocytes may not be fully relevant to the pathophysiology of HCV hepatitis, and that the severity of liver injury is inversely correlated with intrahepatic CD4+ T-cell apoptosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Apoptosis', 'Benzimidazoles', 'Biopsy, Fine-Needle', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Hepacivirus', 'Hepatitis C', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Transaminases', 'Viral Load']
| 16,101,824
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D03.633.100.103'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.119.500', 'E01.370.225.998.054.119.500', 'E01.370.388.100.100.500', 'E04.074.119.500', 'E04.665.100.500', 'E05.200.500.384.100.119.500', 'E05.200.998.054.119.500', 'E05.242.384.100.119.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B04.450.380', 'B04.820.578.344.475'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.913.477.700'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The role of chest irradiation in limited small cell carcinoma of the lung treated with combination chemotherapy.
|
Between October 1974 and December 1980, 123 patients with limited small cell carcinoma were treated in the Indiana University Medical Center Department of Radiation Oncology. Of these, 115 were treated with preplanned combined modality therapy using irradiation and polychemotherapy (Adriamycin, Cytoxan and Oncovin). All patients received whole brain prophylactic irradiation and were followed a minimum of 2 years. Sixty-six patients were given chest irradiation with all but two receiving 3500-4000 rad while 49 did not receive this treatment. Sixty-five percent of those patients receiving chest irradiation had a complete response to therapy, as opposed to 33% who did not (p less than 0.02). The median and overall survivals were significantly different between the 2 groups (423 days vs. 307 days). The overall and long-term survivals were higher in those receiving chest irradiation or resective surgery. Serial chest X rays (and port films, where applicable) were reviewed on all patients to determine sites of failure. Of relapsing patients who did not receive chest irradiation, failure always included the primary site. Of those who had chest irradiation, only 15% of evaluable patients did not relapse in the chest prior to death. This study demonstrates an increased response rate, median survival, and overall survival in patients receiving chest irradiation. The high rate of relapse in the chest suggests the need for more effective control of the primary. This may be accomplished by increasing the dose of chest irradiation or surgical removal when feasible.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carcinoma, Small Cell', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Doxorubicin', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Random Allocation', 'Thorax', 'Vincristine']
| 6,092,306
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.557.470.200.380'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200.175', 'D04.615.562.050.200.175', 'D09.408.051.059.200.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['A01.923.761'], ['D03.132.436.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.827.817', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.827.817']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Outcome of exfoliative rejection after isolated intestinal transplantation in an adult: case report.
|
A 34-year-old-man with short-bowel syndrome received an isolated small bowel graft. On postoperative day (POD) 11, ileal biopsy specimen demonstrated mild to moderate rejection that did not respond to corticosteroid bolus therapy. On POD 14, endoscopy and histologic examination revealed exfoliative rejection that was not controlled after 14 days of therapy with thymoglobulin. On POD 95, the patient underwent surgery again because of intestinal obstruction. The graft was removed 6 months after transplantation because of continuous severe abdominal pain with weight loss. After enterectomy, the patient developed multiple-organ failure and died on POD day 8. This case underlines the severity of exfoliative rejection and suggests that early enterectomy be performed when the diagnosis is made, before deterioration of clinical status and development of infectious and nutritional complications.
|
['Adult', 'Antilymphocyte Serum', 'Biopsy', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Graft Rejection', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Obstruction', 'Intestine, Small', 'Male', 'Multiple Organ Failure', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reoperation', 'Short Bowel Syndrome']
| 20,172,289
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A12.207.152.846.500.203', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573.203', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573.203', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573.203', 'D20.215.401.203'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['G12.875.545.328'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.531'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['C23.550.835.525'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.690'], ['C06.405.469.637.832', 'C23.550.767.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Foster home environments: a preliminary report.
|
This study evaluated the quality of developmental and emotional stimulation available to young children in their first foster home placement. Visits were made to 28 of 34 (82%) homes of children ages 2 to 6 years who were enrolled in a prospective study of foster care. Based on the results of the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) scale, 18% of homes were found to be understimulating. Multivariate analysis revealed that low HOME scores were related only to income level and not to other foster parent characteristics. Subscale scores showed that low HOME scores were due largely to lack of adequate play materials and limited interaction between the foster parents and the children. These results demonstrate great variability in the quality of foster home environments. Adjusting foster care subsidies according to foster parents' income levels, providing age-appropriate books and play materials, and additional training of foster parents should increase the developmental and emotional stimulation available to foster children.
|
['Adult', 'Affective Symptoms', 'Child', 'Child Behavior Disorders', 'Child, Preschool', 'Connecticut', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Female', 'Foster Home Care', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parenting', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychosocial Deprivation', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Environment', 'Socioeconomic Factors']
| 8,783,063
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.141'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.200'], ['F03.625.421'], ['E02.760.352', 'I01.880.787.416', 'N02.421.143.452', 'N02.421.585.352'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F01.829.628', 'I01.880.853.100.806'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cranial anomaly of homozygous rSey rat is associated with a defect in the migration pathway of midbrain crest cells.
|
Craniofacial development of vertebrates depends largely on neural crest contribution and each subdomain of the crest-derived ectomesenchyme follows its specific genetic control. The rat small eye (rSey) involves a mutation in the Pax-6 gene and the external feature of rSey homozygous embryos exhibits craniofacial defects in ocular and frontonasal regions. In order to identify the mechanism of craniofacial development, we examined the cranial morphology and migration of cephalic crest cells in rSey embryos. The chondrocranial defects of homozygous rSey embryos primarily consisted of spheno-orbital and ethmoidal anomalies. The former defects appeared to be brought about by the lack of the eye. In the ethmoid region, the nasal septum and the derivative of the medial nasal prominence were present, while the rest of the nasal capsule, as well as the nasal and lachrymal bones, were totally absent except for a pair of cartilaginous rods in place of the nasal capsule. This suggests that the primary cranial defect is restricted to the lateral nasal prominence derivatives. Dil labeling revealed the abnormal migration of crest cells specifically from the anterior midbrain to the lateral nasal prominence in homozygous rSey embryos. Pax-6 was not expressed in the crest cells but was strongly expressed in the frontonasal ectoderm. To determine whether or not this migratory defect actually resides in environmental cues, normal midbrain crest cells from wild-type embryos were labeled with Dil and were orthotopically injected into host rSey embryos. Migration of the donor crest cells into the lateral nasal prominence was abnormal in homozygous host embryos, while they migrated normally in wild-type or heterozygous embryos. Therefore, the cranial defects in rSey homozygous embryos are due to inappropriate substrate for crest cell migration towards the lateral nasal prominence, which consistently explains the cranial morphology of homozygous rSey embryos.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Movement', 'Craniofacial Abnormalities', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Eye Proteins', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Homozygote', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Mesencephalon', 'Neural Crest', 'PAX6 Transcription Factor', 'Paired Box Transcription Factors', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Mutant Strains', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Skull']
| 9,079,035
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['C05.660.207', 'C16.131.621.207'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D12.776.306'], ['G05.308.310'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['G05.380.554'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['A08.186.211.132.659'], ['A16.627'], ['D12.776.260.645.813', 'D12.776.930.700.813'], ['D12.776.260.645', 'D12.776.930.700'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['A02.835.232.781']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
No association between the SNPs (rs3749446 and rs1402000) in the PARL gene and LHON in Chinese patients with m.11778G>A.
|
According to a recent genome-wide linkage scan and association study of families with m.11778G>A in Thailand, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs3749446 and rs1402000) in the presenilins-associated rhomboid-like (PARL) gene were found to be associated with Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). In order to verify this association in Chinese LHON patients, we genotyped three PARL gene variants (rs3749446, rs953419, and rs1402000) in 179 patients with m.11778G>A and 170 patients with suspected LHON, and compared them to a control population containing the HapMap Chinese and 58 normal individuals analyzed in this study. We identified no association between these PARL gene SNPs and LHON in Chinese patients with m.11778G>A (P>0.05). Haplotype analysis also showed no statistical difference among the three Chinese populations.
|
['Alleles', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'China', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Metalloproteases', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber', 'Point Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 20,711,738
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.675'], ['D12.776.575'], ['C10.292.700.225.500.400', 'C10.574.500.662.400', 'C11.270.564.400', 'C11.640.451.451.400', 'C16.320.290.564.400', 'C16.320.400.630.400', 'C18.452.660.670'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Characterization of a site on PAI-1 that binds to vitronectin outside of the somatomedin B domain.
|
Vitronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) are proteins that interact in the circulatory system and pericellular region to regulate fibrinolysis, cell adhesion, and migration. The interactions between the two proteins have been attributed primarily to binding of the somatomedin B (SMB) domain, which comprises the N-terminal 44 residues of vitronectin, to the flexible joint region of PAI-1, including residues Arg-103, Met-112, and Gln-125 of PAI-1. A strategy for deletion mutagenesis that removes the SMB domain demonstrates that this mutant form of vitronectin retains PAI-1 binding (Schar, C. R., Blouse, G. E., Minor, K. M., and Peterson, C. B. (2008) J. Biol. Chem. 283, 10297-10309). In the current study, the complementary binding site on PAI-1 was mapped by testing for the ability of a battery of PAI-1 mutants to bind to the engineered vitronectin lacking the SMB domain. This approach identified a second, separate site for interaction between vitronectin and PAI-1. The binding of PAI-1 to this site was defined by a set of mutations in PAI-1 distinct from the mutations that disrupt binding to the SMB domain. Using the mutations in PAI-1 to map the second site suggested interactions between alpha-helices D and E in PAI-1 and a site in vitronectin outside of the SMB domain. The affinity of this second interaction exhibited a K(D) value approximately 100-fold higher than that of the PAI-1-somatomedin B interaction. In contrast to the PAI-1-somatomedin B binding, the second interaction had almost the same affinity for active and latent PAI-1. We hypothesize that, together, the two sites form an extended binding area that may promote assembly of higher order vitronectin-PAI-1 complexes.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Chemical', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Mutation', 'Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Somatomedins', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors', 'Vitronectin']
| 18,658,131
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599.495'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.644.861.695.500', 'D12.776.124.125.640', 'D12.776.872.695.500', 'D23.119.832.500'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.644.276.937', 'D12.776.124.862', 'D12.776.467.937', 'D23.529.937'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.776.124.920', 'D12.776.395.970', 'D12.776.860.300.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism and risk of cancer in Chinese population: a meta-analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have evaluated the association between miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism and cancer risk in Chinese population, but the results were inconclusive. The present meta-analysis was conducted to clarify these controversies.METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all relevant case-control studies of miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism and cancer risk in Chinese participants. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the strength of any association.RESULTS: A total of 12 case-control studies involving 2655 cases and 3106 controls were included. Overall, the results suggested that there was no significant association between miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism and cancer risk in Chinese population (OR = 1.14, 95%CI 0.86 to1.15, P = 0.85 for GG vs. AA). In the subgroup analysis by the source of controls, no significant association was found either among hospital-based group (OR = 1.16, 95%CI 0.78 to 1.73) or population-based group (OR = 1.06, 95%CI 0.74 to 1.35). However, when stratified by cancer types, we found a significant association between the polymorphism with colorectal cancer (OR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.01 to 2.40 for GG vs. AA).CONCLUSION: miR-27a rs895819 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer in Chinese population.
|
['China', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Morbidity', 'Neoplasms', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Risk Factors']
| 25,976,406
|
[['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['C04'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Spinal extradural meningeal cyst: correct radiological and histopathological diagnosis.
|
OBJECT: Spinal extradural meningeal cysts are uncommon and rarely cause neural compression. The clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics of the lesions are discussed and previous reports reviewed.METHODS: The authors describe five cases of a spinal extradural meningeal cyst (three female and two male patients, with a mean age of 47 years (range 14-75 years). Four of the cysts were located at the thoracolumbar level, the fifth at the sacral level. Radiological and neuroimaging-based diagnosis was made using a combination of magnetic resonance imaging, myelography, and/or computerized tomography (CT) myelography. A connection between the spinal subarachnoid space and the cyst cavity was demonstrated on myelography and/or CT myelography in all cases, and dural defects were confirmed visually intraoperatively. In all cases histopathological examination confirmed that the cyst wall was formed by nonspecific fibrous connective tissue without a single-cell layer of inner arachnoid lining.CONCLUSIONS: A diagnosis of spinal extradural meningeal cyst is difficult to make based solely on histopathological examination. It is essential that the final characterization and diagnosis be based on intraoperative inspection combined with radiological and histopathological findings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Arachnoid Cysts', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Sacrum', 'Spinal Cord Compression', 'Thoracic Vertebrae']
| 15,771,406
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.182.044', 'C04.588.614.250.387.100', 'C10.500.142.100', 'C10.551.240.375.100', 'C16.131.666.142.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['C10.228.854.761', 'C26.819.678'], ['A02.835.232.834.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular genetic study of Egyptian patients with macular corneal dystrophy.
|
AIM: To identify the underlying genetic defect in Egyptian patients with macular corneal dystrophy (MCD).METHODS: A clinical and molecular genetic study was performed on 11 patients from six families with MCD. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy and histopathological examination of corneal buttons following keratoplasty. The coding region of the carbohydrate sulfotransferase (CHST6) gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all affected subjects. This was followed by direct sequencing and restriction digest analyses. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of antigenic keratan sulfate (KS) in patients' serum was also performed.RESULTS: Six homozygous mutations, of which three are novel, were identified within the coding region of CHST6 in six unrelated MCD families. The barely detectable level of antigenic KS in the serum of the affected individuals indicated that they all have MCD type I, including the subtype IA.CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report of a molecular genetic analysis of MCD in the Egyptian population. These data indicate the extensive allelic heterogeneity within CHST6 and further support its essential role in maintaining corneal transparency.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabs', 'Biomarkers', 'Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Egypt', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratan Sulfate', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Pedigree', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sulfotransferases']
| 19,734,134
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['M01.686.754.167'], ['D23.101'], ['C11.204.236', 'C11.270.162', 'C16.320.290.162'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['Z01.058.266.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.550'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D08.811.913.817.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Mutant prevention concentrations of levofloxacin, pazufloxacin and ciprofloxacin for A. baumannii and mutations in gyrA and parC genes.
|
Fluoroquinolones are antimicrobial agents that are widely used clinically, but the increasing resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) to these agents is a matter of concern. We investigated mutant prevention concentrations (MPCs) of three fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin (LVX), pazufloxacin (PAZ) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). We analyzed an A. baumannii standard strain (ATCC19606) for mutation prevention indices (MPIs), MPCs and mutant selection windows as well as MICs of CIP, PAZ and LVX and compared the derived values with 34 A. baumannii strains collected in hospitals. In addition, A. baumannii standard strain (ATCC19606) fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants were investigated for gyrA and parC gene mutations. MPCs of CIP, prevention antibiotics concentration and LVX for A. baumannii ATCC19606 were 12.8, 5.6 and 2.8 ìg ml(-1) and their MPIs were 16, 8 and 4, respectively. Clinically isolated A. baumannii strains had CIP, PAZ and LVX MPC value ranges of 1-8, 1-16 and 0.5-2 ìg ml(-1) and their MPIs were 8, 8 and 4 ìg ml(-1). Single gyrA mutations (Ser(83)-Leu(83)) occurred in 18 resistant strains (48.7%) and single parC mutations (Ala(79)-Asp(79) or (Ser(80)-Leu(80)) occurred in 8 resistant strains (21.6%), whereas gyrA and parC double mutations occurred in 2 (5.4%) of the resistant strains. MPC and MPI values of LVX were lower than that of CIP and PAZ. Single gyrA and parC mutations accounted for the majority of mutations (n=24), whereas double mutations occurred only in two strains.
|
['Acinetobacter baumannii', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Ciprofloxacin', 'DNA Gyrase', 'DNA Topoisomerase IV', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Levofloxacin', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mutation', 'Oxazines']
| 25,351,948
|
[['B03.440.400.425.537.050.099', 'B03.660.250.530.050.099'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.186'], ['D08.811.399.403.741.149', 'D12.776.097.237'], ['D08.811.399.403.741.224', 'D12.776.097.256'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['G05.308.300'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322.500.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.383.533']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Citric acid as the test meal for the 13C-urea breath test.
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OBJECTIVE: Test meals are used in the urea breath test to slow gastric emptying and to increase the area of contact with the substrate. Recently, citric acid has been suggested as an improved liquid test meal. The mechanism is unknown and could act by delaying gastric emptying, decreasing the pH at the site of the bacteria, or both. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of citric acid test meals on urea hydrolysis in vivo, to identify the possible mechanism for enhanced urea hydrolysis, and to identify the minimum effective dose.METHODS: We compared the U.S. commercial 13C-urea breath test with four liquid test meals (200 ml of water) consisting of citric acid, ascorbic acid, sodium citrate, and glucose polymer and also after the subcutaneous administration of pentagastrin. We studied healthy volunteers with and without proven H. pylori infection (by serology and histology). 13C-urea was administered orally simultaneously with the liquid test meals or immediately after the pudding had been ingested. Breath samples were taken before and after oral administration of the 13C-urea.RESULTS: A dose response in urease activity was evident as the amount of citric acid was increased from 1 to 4 g. Citric acid at 1, 2, or 4 g produced significant increases in breath 13CO2 activity, compared with the commercial pudding (p < 0.05). Ascorbic acid (p = 0.053), subcutaneous pentagastrin (to lower pH) (p = 0.199), and glucose polymer (p = 0.03) (to delay gastric emptying) all approximately doubled breath 13CO2, compared with the commercial kit. Nevertheless, the increases were all significantly less than with the 4 g citric acid test meal.CONCLUSIONS: The data are consistent with the marked effect of citric acid on gastric emptying and, possibly, distribution of the urea within the stomach being largely responsible for the enhanced urease activity with citric acid test meals. It should be possible to use a low dose of citric acid (e.g., 1 g per 200 ml) to enhance the simplicity and palatability of the test.
|
['Ascorbic Acid', 'Breath Tests', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Citrates', 'Citric Acid', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gastric Acidity Determination', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Glucans', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Pentagastrin', 'Sodium Citrate', 'Urea', 'Urease']
| 10,235,196
|
[['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['E01.370.100'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['D02.241.081.901.434'], ['D02.241.081.901.434.249'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.300', 'E01.370.372.300', 'E05.200.124.300'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['D05.750.078.562', 'D09.698.365'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.317.413.593', 'D12.644.456.716'], ['D02.241.081.901.434.249.875'], ['D02.065.950'], ['D08.811.277.087.902']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis of prebiotic carbohydrates derived from cheese whey permeate by a combined process of isomerisation and transgalactosylation.
|
BACKGROUND: Lactose from cheese whey permeate (WP) was efficiently isomerised to lactulose using egg shell, a food-grade catalyst, and the subsequent transgalactosylation reaction of this mixture with â-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans gave rise to a wide array of prebiotic carbohydrates derived from lactose and lactulose.RESULTS: Lactulose obtained by efficient isomerisation of WP (16.1% by weight with respect to the initial amount of lactose) showed great resistance to the hydrolytic action of â-galactosidase from B. circulans, which preferentially hydrolysed lactose, acting as a galactosyl donor and acceptor. Lactulose had capacity as an acceptor, leading to the formation of lactulose-derived oligosaccharides. The enzymatic synthesis was optimised by studying reaction conditions such as pH, temperature, time, enzyme concentration and carbohydrate concentration. The maximum formation of galactooligosaccharides with degrees of polymerisation from 2 to 4 was achieved after 5 h of reaction at pH 6.5 and 50 °C with 300 g kg(-1) carbohydrates and 3 U mL(-1) â-galactosidase.CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the transgalactosylation of isomerised WP with â-galactosidase from B. circulans could be a new and efficient method to obtain a mixture with 50% of potentially prebiotic carbohydrates composed of lactulose, and galactooligosaccharides derived from lactose and lactulose.
|
['Animals', 'Bacillus', 'Cheese', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Egg Shell', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Galactose', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Isomerism', 'Lactose', 'Lactulose', 'Milk Proteins', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Polymerization', 'Prebiotics', 'Whey Proteins', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 23,096,763
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['G07.203.200.500.444', 'G07.203.300.350.300.444', 'J02.350.500.444', 'J02.500.350.300.444'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['A13.316'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D09.947.875.359.377'], ['G02.300'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['D09.698.629.305.340', 'D09.947.750.340'], ['D09.698.629.305.423', 'D09.947.750.423'], ['A12.790.520', 'D12.776.256.159.750', 'G07.203.300.428.159.812', 'J02.500.350.525.520', 'J02.500.428.159.750'], ['D09.698.629'], ['G02.750'], ['D09.301.416.500', 'D09.698.718.622', 'G07.203.300.400.500', 'G07.203.300.456.249', 'J02.500.400.500', 'J02.500.456.249'], ['A12.790.520.500', 'A12.790.760.500', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816', 'G07.203.300.350.525.760.500', 'G07.203.300.428.159.812.500', 'J02.500.350.525.520.500', 'J02.500.350.525.760.500', 'J02.500.428.159.750.500'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Women and somatization: unrecognized depression.
|
Depression is the mental health disorder most commonly seen in the primary health care setting. Estimates of the prevalence of people who are depressed but are seeking treatment for physical disorders in the primary care setting range from 12% to 55% of total patients. We conducted a study to determine the number of women with high depressive symptoms who were seeking treatment for physical disorders and compared this group with women with no depressive symptoms who were also seeking physical health care. The women with high depressive symptoms (n = 122) and the women with no depressive symptoms (n = 115) were similar in age, economic status, occupation status, and lifestyle. The depressed women reported significantly more physical complaints, increased disability, increased functional limitations, and increased use of health care services than did the nondepressed women. They disclosed a variety of physical complaints in all organ systems, had had more life events, and had a diminished belief in their ability to control their environments. The results of this study support the view that large numbers of women with depression that is unrecognized present themselves to the health care system for physical complaints. Health care providers need to extend their view of women as whole beings, instead of as a somatic complaint.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Prevalence', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Somatoform Disorders', "Women's Health"]
| 7,649,886
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['F03.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['F03.875'], ['N01.400.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Wringer washer injuries in children.
|
Injuries resulting from wringer washers are still fairly common around the world. Manufacturers' data regarding wringer washers are reported. The literature is reviewed, and 104 new pediatric cases seen between 1970 and 1980 at one pediatric institution are presented. These patients suffered a wide variety of injuries ranging from simple skin abrasions to loss of limbs. Skeletal, nerve, and tendon injuries were encountered. The recommended management stresses the importance of elevation and close observation with no emphasis on compression dressing.
|
['Accidents, Home', 'Arm Injuries', 'Axilla', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Decompression', 'Elbow', 'Equipment Safety', 'Female', 'Finger Injuries', 'Forearm Injuries', 'Hand Injuries', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Tetanus Toxoid']
| 6,838,119
|
[['N06.850.135.217'], ['C26.088'], ['A01.378.800.090'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.278', 'G01.374.715.250'], ['A01.378.800.420'], ['E05.330'], ['C26.448.429'], ['C26.088.268'], ['C26.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['D20.215.894.691.824']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Diurnal variation of endothelial function and arterial stiffness in hypertension.
|
The onset of cardiovascular events presents a circadian variation that may be mediated by similar temporal patterns of vascular function. Blood pressure also follows circadian variation. We investigated the possible diurnal variation of endothelial function and arterial stiffness in patients with hypertension. Thirty-five individuals with recently diagnosed hypertension (mean age 48.3 years, range 30-60 years, 14 men) were examined. Flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD), nitrate-mediated vasodilatation (NMD) and carotid-femoral (cf) pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured at three different occasions: at 0700 hours immediately after awaking, at 1200 hours and at 2100 hours. FMD was markedly lower in the morning (0700 hours, 2.22+/-1.58%; 1200 hours, 4.37+/-2.25%; 2100 hours, 4.28+/-2.12%; P<0.001), whereas NMD was similar at the same time points. This difference remained significant after adjustment for baseline brachial artery diameter and reactive hyperaemia. PWVcf progressively increased from morning to evening (0700 hours, 9.8+/-1.9 m s(-1); 1200 hours, 10.2+/-2.2 m s(-1); 0900 hours, 10.5+/-1.9 m s(-1); P=0.013 for linear trend). Similar temporal patterns were observed in systolic and diastolic blood pressures peaking in the evening. PWVcf changes lost significance after adjustment for changes in mean blood pressure. Endothelial function is decreased in the early morning in hypertensive patients, whereas arterial stiffness is increased in the evening. Changes in BP-dependent passive artery distension may be involved in this phenomenon.
|
['Adult', 'Arteries', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Elasticity', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 19,242,493
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['G01.374.590'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Recurrence of colorectal cancer after sutured and stapled large bowel anastomoses.
|
The purpose of this study was to compare surgical stapling and manual suturing techniques with respect to the incidence of tumour recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer: 294 patients undergoing potentially curative resections for colorectal cancer were randomly allocated to receive sutured (n = 142) or stapled (n = 152) anastomoses. The mean (s.e.m.) incidence of tumour recurrence at the end of 24 months was 29.4(4.4) per cent in the sutured group, compared with 19.1(3.9) per cent in the stapled group (P less than 0.05). The corresponding rates for cancer-specific mortality at 24 months were 22.3(4.1) per cent and 10.9(3.0) per cent respectively (P less than 0.01). A multiple regression analysis revealed that the influence of anastomotic technique on recurrence and mortality rate was independent of tumour stage. These results suggest that in colorectal cancer surgery the use of stapling instruments for anastomotic construction could be associated with a reduction in the incidence of recurrence and mortality rate by as much as 50 per cent.
|
['Aged', 'Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prospective Studies', 'Rectal Neoplasms', 'Surgical Staplers', 'Sutures']
| 1,760,685
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.035'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500'], ['E07.858.700.750'], ['E07.858.690.820']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Depression and economic status: evidence for non-linear patterns in women from Mexico.
|
BACKGROUND: While social determinants of health perspective might lead to the hypothesis that higher economic achievements should be associated with better mental health, the evidence for adults is mixed and inconclusive.AIM: We test the role of wealth as a predictor of depressive symptoms controlling for a number of socio-demographic covariates, with a specific interest in gender-specific patterns.METHODS: Using a nationally representative survey from Mexico (N = 44,618), we carry out multivariate regression analysis where we jointly model linear and quadratic measures of wealth to detect non-linear relations between depression and wealth.RESULTS: The paper reports clear evidence of an inverted-U relationship between depressive symptoms and wealth for females, whereas the relationship for males tends to be linear and decreasing with wealth as expected (though weak and significant only in the upper part of the wealth distribution). Our findings are robust to alternative empirical strategies and we discuss potential explanations for this novel finding.CONCLUSION: The paper confirms that the association between standards of living and depression is complex, due to the mediating role of socio-demographic characteristics and the existence of non-linearities not fully explored in the literature.
|
['Adult', 'Depression', 'Economic Status', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mexico', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Regression Analysis', "Women's Health"]
| 30,457,031
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['I01.880.853.996.268', 'N01.824.098'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['N01.400.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Multiparameter flow cytometry for staging of solitary bone plasmacytoma: new criteria for risk of progression to myeloma.
|
Solitary plasmacytoma represents a heterogeneous group of patients; approximately half develop multiple myeloma (MM) in 2 or 3 years, whereas others remain disease-free at 10 years. By definition, these patients do not have morphologic bone marrow (BM) plasma cell (PC) infiltration. Here, we investigated whether sensitive BM evaluation of patients with solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP; n = 35) and extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP; n = 29) through multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) would unravel the presence of clonal PCs in otherwise disease-free BM, and whether BM clonality predicted higher risk of progression. BM clonal PCs were detected in 17 of 35 SBP (49%) and 11 of 29 EMP (38%) patients. Seventy-one percent of flow-positive vs only 8% of flow-negative SBP patients evolved to MM (median time to progression of 26 months vs not reached; hazard ratio, 17.4; P < .001). No significant differences were observed among EMP cases. Our results highlight the importance of MFC for sensitive BM evaluation of SBP patients, to predict risk of developing treatment-requiring MM and to plan disease monitoring.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Plasmacytoma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,876,564
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.557.595.600', 'C20.683.515.880'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Analysis of auditory comprehension performance in individuals with severe aphasia.
|
This research compared the performance of 20 individuals with global and mixed nonfluent aphasia across the four auditory comprehension subtests of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (Word Discrimination, Body Part Identification, Commands, and Complex Ideational Material) and across the six subcomponents of the Word Discrimination Subtest (objects, actions, letters, colors, forms, and numbers). As expected, group means revealed severely reduced performance which was equally observable across all auditory comprehension tasks. To determine whether individual subjects demonstrated a pattern of consistently reduced performance for auditory comprehension tasks, z-scores and chi-square statistics were also calculated for each subject and task. The individuals with global aphasia demonstrated a greater number of statistically significant z-scores than was expected by chance. This was not true for the subjects with mixed nonfluent aphasia. Results of this research indicate that although as a group individuals with global aphasia may demonstrate consistently reduced auditory comprehension, when considered on an individual basis, this group may comprise a somewhat divergent population with respect to the configuration of preserved and impaired auditory comprehension skills.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aphasia', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Hearing Tests', 'Humans', 'Language Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Semantics', 'Speech Discrimination Tests']
| 1,713,440
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.800.100', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.800.100'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['E01.370.382.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513.240'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.060.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Survival of patients with primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: impact of gene aberrations and protein overexpression of bcl-2 and C-MYC, and selection of chemotherapy regimens].
|
Objective: To investigate the impact of clinicopathological features, gene rearrangements and protein expression of bcl-6, bcl-2, C-MYC and chemotherapy regime on the prognosis of patients with primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS-DLBCL). Methods: Thirty-three cases of PCNS-DLBCL diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2016 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital were collected. The expression of CD10, bcl-6, bcl-2, MUM1 and MYC were detected by immunohistochemical staining (IHC). The presence of EB virus was detected by in situ hybridization(EBER). Copy number variation (ICN) and translocation status of bcl-6, bcl-2 and C-MYC genes were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The relationship between the above indexes and the prognosis was analyzed by univariate, bivariate survival analysis and multiple Cox hazard regression analysis. Results: The study included 33 patients of PCNS-DLBCL, without evidence of primary or secondary immunodeficient disease. Male to female ratio was 1.36?1.00, and the average age was 56 years. Twenty cases had single lesion while 13 had multiple lesions. Deep brain involvement was seen in 12 cases. All patients underwent partial or total tumor resection. Five patients received whole brain post-surgery radiotherapy, nine patients received high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) based chemotherapy, and 12 patients received whole-brain radiotherapy combined with HD-MTX based chemotherapy. Severn patients received no further treatment and rituximab was used in 8 patients. According to the Hans model, 27 cases were classified as non-GCB subtypes (81.8%). Bcl-2 was positive in 25 cases (75.8%, 25/33) and highly expressed in 8 (24.2%). MYC was positive in 12 cases (36.4%) and double expression of bcl-2 and MYC was seen in 6 cases. EBER positive rate was 10.0%(3/30), all of which had multiple lesions. Two bcl-6 gene translocations and 3 amplifications were found in 28 patients. Two translocations, 3 ICN or with both bcl-2 gene translocation and ICN were found in 30 patients. Four ICNs of C-MYC gene were found in 28 patients. Elevated protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was found in 13 patients. LDH increased in 10 cases. Follow-up period was 2-90 months with the average survival time of (23.0±3.7) months and two-year survival rate of 39.0%. Univariate survival analysis showed that overexpression of bcl-2 protein (?70%) and MYC protein (?40%), bcl-2 gene abnormality (including copy number increase and translocation), C-MYC gene copy number increased were adverse factors for survival. C-MYC/ bcl-2 gene double hit was seen in 2 cases. Bivariate survival analysis found that of bcl-2/MYC protein double expression and bcl-2 and C-MYC genes double aberration were significantly associated with adverse outcomes. Cox multivariate risk regression analysis found that gender, cerebrospinal fluid protein increasing, and ICN of C-MYC gene were independent poor prognostic factors. DH-MTX based comprehensive chemotherapy was associated with better prognosis. Conclusions: Double hit at genomic level (copy number variations and gene rearrangements) and double protein expression of bcl-2 and C-MYC in PCNS-DLBCL are significantly associated with an adverse outcome. DH-MTX based comprehensive treatment may prolong the patient survival.
|
['Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Central Nervous System Neoplasms', 'DNA Copy Number Variations', 'Female', 'Gene Dosage', 'Gene Rearrangement', 'Genes, bcl-2', 'Genes, myc', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Interferon Regulatory Factors', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Middle Aged', 'Neprilysin', 'Prognosis', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'Survival Analysis', 'Survival Rate', 'Translocation, Genetic']
| 29,325,248
|
[['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['C04.588.614.250', 'C10.551.240'], ['G05.365.795.297.500'], ['G05.380.350'], ['G05.344'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.150'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.420'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['D12.644.360.024.302', 'D12.776.157.057.050', 'D12.776.260.504', 'D12.776.476.024.385', 'D12.776.930.332'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.600', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.600', 'D23.050.285.550', 'D23.101.140.500'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.644.360.075.718', 'D12.776.476.075.718', 'D12.776.624.664.700.169'], ['D12.776.260.660', 'D12.776.624.664.700.170', 'D12.776.930.715'], ['D12.776.260.103.813', 'D12.776.624.664.700.189', 'D12.776.660.765', 'D12.776.930.125.813'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Intralesional bevacizumab use for invasive ocular surface squamous neoplasia.
|
PURPOSE: Report the use of bevacizumab intralesional injection as an adjunctive therapy in a patient with ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) after an incomplete response to topical and intralesional chemotherapy.METHODS: This is a case report of a 79-year-old man who was treated with topical and intralesional chemotherapy (interferon-alpha-2b, mitomycin-C, and 5-fluorouracil) over 22 months with incomplete resolution of severe OSSN. Intralesional bevacizumab was tried as an adjuvant treatment to resolve the residual tumor.RESULTS: Grossly and histologically there was no significant change in the residual tumor after treatment with intralesional bevacizumab.CONCLUSIONS: While intralesional bevacizumab has been utilized as a treatment modality in the use of other squamous tumors, further studies on the use of bevacizumab in squamous neoplasia would be needed to recommend this treatment for the ocular surface. In the absence of further studies, the current topical and intralesional chemotherapeutic agents should continue to be the mainstay of medical treatment for squamous neoplasia; surgical management is still the definitive treatment.
|
['Aged', 'Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Bevacizumab', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Eye Neoplasms', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intralesional', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasms, Squamous Cell', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,900,896
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['C04.588.364', 'C11.319'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.430'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.557.470.700'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Generic performance assessment for a deep repository for low and intermediate level waste in the UK--a case study in assessing radiological impacts on the natural environment.
|
Concentrations of radionuclides in soil and surface water, taken from a generic performance assessment of a repository for low and intermediate level radioactive waste, assumed to be located in the UK, have been used as the basis for a case study in assessing radiological impacts on the natural environment. Simplified descriptions of the terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem types likely to be impacted have been developed. A scoping assessment has identified (226)Ra, (210)Po, (234)U, (230)Th and (238)U as having the highest potential for impact, with doses from internally incorporated alpha emitters as being potentially of particular importance. These nuclides, together with (36)Cl and (129)I (which have proved to be of importance in radiological risk assessments for humans) were included in a more detailed dose assessment. A basic methodology for dose assessment of ecosystems is described, and has been applied for the defined impacted ecosystems. Paucity of published data on concentration factors prevented a more detailed assessment for terrestrial ecosystems. For the aquatic ecosystem, a more detailed assessment was possible and highest calculated absorbed dose rates (weighted for the likely higher biological effectiveness of alpha radiation) were about 6.5 microGy h(-1). We conclude that harm to the impacted ecosystems is unlikely and make the observation that the lack of concentration factor or transfer factor data for a sufficiently wide range of species, ecosystems and nuclides appears to be the principal obstacle to establishing a comprehensive framework for the application of radiological protection to ecosystems.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Ecosystem', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Models, Statistical', 'Plants', 'Radiation Monitoring', 'Radioactive Waste', 'Risk Assessment', 'Soil Pollutants, Radioactive', 'Uncertainty', 'United Kingdom', 'Water Pollutants, Radioactive']
| 12,590,072
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['B01.650'], ['E05.799.638', 'N06.850.780.375.700', 'N06.850.810.370'], ['D20.693.638', 'D20.944.380.638', 'D27.888.426.500.638', 'N06.850.460.710.380.638', 'N06.850.810.485'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D20.693.756', 'D27.888.284.756.674'], ['E05.318.740.600.900', 'F02.463.785.373.820', 'G17.680.875', 'N05.715.360.750.625.850', 'N06.850.520.830.600.900'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['D20.693.903', 'D27.888.284.903.821']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Genomic structure and promoter analysis of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in a C3 plant, Nicotiana sylvestris.
|
Three genes encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase were isolated from Nicotiana sylvestris and designated Nsppc1-3. Sequencing of nucleotides showed that the coding sequence and deduced amino acid sequences were highly conserved among the genes, but sequences for noncoding regions including introns and 5'-flanking regions were not conserved. Analysis of the transcript level of the genes by a combination of reverse transcriptase-PCR and restriction fragment polymorphism showed mostNsppc1 in the leaves, stems, roots, and cultured cells of N. sylvestris. beta-Glucuronidase activity was detected histochemically in mesophyll cells in leaves, lateral buds, and vascular bundles in roots of transgenic tobacco harboring a chimeric construct of the Nsppc1 promoter and the gene for beta-glucuronidase. Deletion analysis indicated the presence of a silencer-like element for basal expression in the promoter region of Nsppc1.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Conserved Sequence', 'DNA, Plant', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genes, Plant', 'Glucuronidase', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tobacco']
| 12,353,629
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['D08.811.277.450.426'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.650'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Construction and physiological characterization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase overproducing transformants of Aspergillus nidulans.
|
The construction and characterization of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GPD) overproducing transformants of Aspergillus nidulans and their behaviour in acetate-limited continuous cultures and glucose-grown batch cultures are described. The A. nidulans acetamidase deletion strain MH1277 was transformed with the homologous gpdA gene on a vector with the homologous acetamidase-gene (amdS) as a selection marker. Transformant A1 contains about nine integrated copies of the gpdA gene, and shows a proportional gene-dosage GPD production of about 22% of the total soluble cell protein. Compared to the wild-type MH1277, A1 has higher growth yields and reaches higher specific growth rates on both acetate and glucose, which could be due to the key position of GPD in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis.
|
['Acetates', 'Ammonia', 'Aspergillus nidulans', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Culture Media', 'Genes, Fungal', 'Genetic Markers', 'Glucose', 'Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases', 'Plasmids', 'Transformation, Genetic']
| 1,367,201
|
[['D02.241.081.018', 'D10.251.400.045'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['B01.300.381.081.420'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.500', 'G05.360.340.358.024.500', 'G05.360.340.358.365.500'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D08.811.682.657.163.750'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G05.728.865']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Education of trainees, training and fellowships for head and neck oncologic and surgical training in the UK: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines.
|
Since the previous edition of these guidelines, significant changes have taken place in the training and assessment of surgeons and oncologists who treat patients with head and neck cancer. For those intending to become head and neck surgeons, a fellowship in head and neck surgery is virtually mandatory. This paper summarises the current career structure to specialise in head and neck oncology and surgery in the UK. Recommendation • Trainees applying for head and neck surgical oncology consultant posts should have completed additional training in the subspecialty.
|
['Fellowships and Scholarships', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Interdisciplinary Communication', 'Otolaryngology', 'Surgery, Plastic', 'Surgical Oncology', 'United Kingdom']
| 27,841,140
|
[['N03.219.483.838.276'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205.249', 'L01.143.865.500'], ['H02.403.810.526'], ['H02.403.810.788'], ['H02.403.429.515.750', 'H02.403.810.796'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Electrostatic interactions in the acid denaturation of alpha-lactalbumin determined by NMR.
|
alpha-Lactalbumin (alpha-LA) undergoes a pH-dependent unfolding from the native state to a partially unfolded state (the molten globule state). To understand the role of electrostatic interactions in protein denaturation, NMR and CD pH titration experiments are performed on guinea pig alpha-LA. Variation of pH over the range of 7.0 to 2.0 simultaneously leads to the acid denaturation of the protein and the titration of individual ionizable groups. The pH titrations are interpreted in the context of these coupled events, and indicate that acid denaturation in alpha-LA is a cooperative event that is triggered by the protonation of two ionizable residues. Our NMR results suggest that the critical electrostatic interactions that contribute to the denaturation of alpha-LA are concentrated in the calcium binding region of the protein.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Calcium', 'Circular Dichroism', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Lactalbumin', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Static Electricity']
| 9,761,473
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['G02.300'], ['D12.776.034.398', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816.250'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G01.358.500.249.820']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolism of erythritol in humans: comparison with glucose and lactitol.
|
The metabolism of erythritol was assessed in six normal volunteers by measuring the amount of 13CO2 excretion and H2 excretion in breath, and erythritol in urine after intake of 25 g 13C-labelled erythritol. The results were compared with the same variables obtained after intake of 25 g 13C-labelled glucose and 13C-labelled lactitol. In addition, the H2 production by faecal flora supplemented with small amounts of erythritol, glucose and lactitol was measured in vitro, as an index of bacterial metabolism of non-absorbed substrate. In contrast to the results obtained after intake of glucose and lactitol, no increase in breath 13CO2 and H2 was observed after intake of erythritol, and erythritol was nearly completely recovered in urine. The in vitro experiments showed that no H2 was formed by faecal flora from erythritol as compared with glucose and lactitol. It is concluded that erythritol is a substrate that is readily absorbed, and undergoes no metabolism by the host. If part of it escapes absorption, it is not metabolized by faecal flora.
|
['Adult', 'Breath Tests', 'Erythritol', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Fermentation', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sugar Alcohols']
| 8,457,525
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.100'], ['D02.033.800.329', 'D09.853.329'], ['A12.459'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.033.800', 'D09.853']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Endovascular Embolization of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations: Results of the Japanese Registry of Neuroendovascular Therapy (JR-NET) 1 and 2.
|
This retrospective study constitutes a part of the Japanese Registry of Neuroendovascular Therapy (JR-NET) 1 and 2. Its purpose is to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and outcome of endovascular embolization for cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in Japan. Nine hundred and eighty-seven embolization procedures were registered with JR-NET 1 and 2 (424 procedures in 122 institutions with JRNET 1 and 563 procedures in 150 institutions with JRNET 2). In total, 790 patients (80.1%) had favourable clinical outcomes defined as modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 0–2 at 30 days after embolization. Complete AVM obliteration by embolization alone was achieved in 90 procedures (9.1%). The procedural morbidity and mortality rate was 2.5% and 0.3% per procedure, respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression models, deep venous drainage and embolization of four or more feeding pedicles per session were significantly associated with any treatment-related complications (P=0.02 and P=0.003, respectively). About 6 cm or more in maximum nidus diameter had a negative correlation with complications (P=0.003). Our study shows that embolization of cerebral AVMs was performed with a high degree of safety and a low rate of symptomatic complications in Japan.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Embolization, Therapeutic', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 26,280,062
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E02.520.360', 'E02.926.500'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C10.228.140.300.520', 'C10.500.190.500', 'C14.240.850.750.295', 'C14.240.850.875.500', 'C14.907.150.295', 'C14.907.253.560.400', 'C16.131.240.850.750.295', 'C16.131.240.850.875.500', 'C16.131.666.190.500'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Hydrogen peroxide-and fetal bovine serum-induced DNA synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells: positive and negative regulation by protein kinase C isoforms.
|
Hydrogen peroxide and fetal bovine serum stimulate DNA synthesis in growth-arrested smooth muscle cells with remarkably similar kinetics and cell density dependence. However, while stimulation with fetal bovine serum results in cell proliferation, that by H2O2 is followed by cell death. Depletion of conventional and novel protein kinase C isoforms, resulting from a long treatment with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, further increases H2O2-induced DNA synthesis. On the other hand, the specific protein kinase C inhibitor calphostin C abolished the increased DNA synthesis promoted by fetal bovine serum or H2O2. H2O2 increases protein kinase C activity in smooth muscle cells. This effect is markedly reduced, but not abolished, by down-regulation of the alpha, delta and epsilon protein kinase C isoforms. Thus, the zeta isoform of protein kinase C, which is not down-regulated, may be responsible for the residual H2O2 stimulation of protein kinase C. In conclusion, the results obtained show that H2O2 stimulates protein kinase C activity and DNA synthesis in growth-arrested smooth muscle cells: these events are not followed by cell proliferation but rather by cell death. This H2O2 stimulated DNA synthesis appears to be negatively controlled by alpha, delta and epsilon isoforms and positively controlled by the zeta isoform of protein kinase C.
|
['Cell Count', 'Cell Death', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'DNA', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Fetal Blood', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Isoenzymes', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Naphthalenes', 'Protein Kinase C']
| 7,578,278
|
[['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.146'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638', 'D04.615.638'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ciliation and gene expression distinguish between node and posterior notochord in the mammalian embryo.
|
The mammalian node, the functional equivalent of the frog dorsal blastoporal lip (Spemann's organizer), was originally described by Viktor Hensen in 1876 in the rabbit embryo as a mass of cells at the anterior end of the primitive streak. Today, the term "node" is commonly used to describe a bilaminar epithelial groove presenting itself as an indentation or "pit" at the distal tip of the mouse egg cylinder, and cilia on its ventral side are held responsible for molecular laterality (left-right) determination. We find that Hensen's node in the rabbit is devoid of cilia, and that ciliated cells are restricted to the notochordal plate, which emerges from the node rostrally. In a comparative approach, we use the organizer marker gene Goosecoid (Gsc) to show that a region of densely packed epithelium-like cells at the anterior end of the primitive streak represents the node in mouse and rabbit and is covered ventrally by a hypoblast (termed "visceral endoderm" in the mouse). Expression of Nodal, a gene intricately involved in the determination of vertebrate laterality, delineates the wide plate-like posterior segment of the notochord in the rabbit and mouse, which in the latter is represented by the indentation frequently termed "the node." Similarly characteristic ciliation and nodal expression exists in Xenopus neurula embryos in the gastrocoel roof plate (GRP), i.e., at the posterior end of the notochord anterior to the blastoporal lip. Our data suggest that (1) a posterior segment of the notochord, here termed PNC (for posterior notochord), is characterized by features known to be involved in laterality determination, (2) the GRP in Xenopus is equivalent to the mammalian PNC, and (3) the mammalian node as defined by organizer gene expression is devoid of cilia and most likely not directly involved in laterality determination.
|
['Animals', 'Cilia', 'Embryonic Structures', 'Female', 'Gastrula', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Goosecoid Protein', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Mice', 'Nodal Protein', 'Notochord', 'Rabbits', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Xenopus']
| 17,316,383
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.180.165'], ['A16'], ['A16.441'], ['G05.308.310'], ['D12.776.260.400.186', 'D12.776.930.315'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.276.954.550.650', 'D12.776.467.942.550.650', 'D23.529.942.550.650'], ['A16.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical responses in cows vaccinated with a developed prototype killed Staphylococcus aureus mastitis vaccine.
|
Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the udder that occurs as a result of the release of leucocytes into the udder in a response to bacterial invasion. The major causes of mastitis are an array of gram positive and negative bacteria, however, algae, virus, fungi, mechanical or thermal injury to the gland have also been identified as possible causes. Mastitis vaccines are yet to be developed using Malaysian local isolate of bacteria. The objective of the present experimental trial was to develop a monovalent vaccine against mastitis using S. aureus of Malaysian isolate and to evaluate the clinical responses such as temperature, respiratory rates and heart rates in vaccinated cows. S. aureus is a major causative bacteria in clinical and subclinical types of mastitis in cows. Four concentrations of the bacterin (106, 107, 108 and 109 cfu/ml of the local isolate of S. aureus) were prepared using Aluminium potassium sulfate adjuvant. Thirty cows were grouped into four treatment groups (B, C, D and E) with a fifth group as control (A). These groups were vaccinated intramuscularly(IM) with the prepared monovalent vaccine and its influence on the vital signs were intermittently measured. The mean of rectal temperature was significantly different (p? 0.05) at 0hr Post Vaccination [1]" in groups D and E (39.5 ± 0.15 °C and 39.4 ± 0.15 °C respectively) and at 3 h PV in groups C, D and E (39.8 ± 0.14 °C, 39.9 ± 0.14 °C and 40.3 ± 0.14 °C respectively) compared to the control group. This indicated a sharp increased rectal temperatures between 0hr and 3 h PV in groups C, D and E which later declined at 24 h PV. The mean of rectal temperature of group E was significantly different (p? 0.05) at weeks 1 and 2 PV (39.87 ± 0.19 °C and 39.80 ± 0.18 °C respectively) compared to the control group. The mean of heart rate was significantly different (p? 0.05) at week 1 PV in groups D and E (83.0 ± 3.8 beats/minute and 80.0 ± 3.8 °C respectively) compared to control. A trending decrease was however observed in heart rates of group E from weeks through 4 PV and in group D from weeks 1 through 3 PV. The mean of respiratory rates was significantly different (p? 0.05) at week 3 PV in group B and D (31.0 ± 1.2 breaths/minute and 28.0 ± 1.2 breaths/minute) compared to control. In conclusion, this study highlights responses of these vital signs due to vaccination against S. aureus causing mastitis in cows. To the best of our knowledge the findings of this study adds value to the shallow literature on vital signs alterations in cows vaccinated against mastitis as elevated levels of temperature and heart rates of group D and E indicated obvious response.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Alum Compounds', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Vaccines', 'Cattle', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Mastitis, Bovine', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcal Vaccines', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,114,463
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['D01.056.025', 'D01.875.800.800.850.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D20.215.894.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['C22.196.581'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['D20.215.894.135.744'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Temporal dynamics of interference in Simon and Eriksen tasks considered within the context of a dual-process model.
|
Behavioral and brain potential measures were employed to compare interference in Eriksen and Simon tasks. Assuming a dual-process model of interference elicited in speeded response tasks, we hypothesized that only lateralized stimuli in the Simon task induce fast S-R priming via direct unconditional processes, while Eriksen interference effects are induced later via indirect conditional processes. Delays to responses for incongruent trials were indeed larger in the Eriksen than in the Simon task. Only lateralized stimuli in the Simon task elicited early S-R priming, maximal at parietal areas. Incongruent flankers in the Eriksen task elicited interference later, visible as a lateralized N2. Eriksen interference also elicited an additional component (N350), which accounted for the larger behavioral interference effects in the Eriksen task. The findings suggest that interference and its resolution involve different processes for Simon and Eriksen tasks.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Choice Behavior', 'Cognition', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Psychological', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Young Adult']
| 23,856,129
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['F02.463.188'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F04.711.513'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
GABA representation in hypoxia sensing: a ventilatory study in the rat.
|
Phenibut, a nonspecific GABA derivative, is clinically used as an anxiolytic and tranquilizer in psychosomatic conditions. A GABA-ergic inhibitory pathway is engaged in respiratory control at both central and peripheral levels. However, the potential of phenibut to affect the O2-related chemoreflexes has not yet been studied. In this study we seek to determine the ventilatory responses to changes in inspired O2 content in anesthetized, spontaneously-breathing rats. Steady-state 5-min responses to 10% O2 in N2 and 100% O2 were taken in each animal before and 1 h after phenibut administration in a dose 450 mg/kg, i.p. Minute ventilation and its frequency and tidal components were obtained from the respiratory flow signal. We found that after a period of irregular extension of the respiratory cycle, phenibut stabilized resting ventilation at a lower level [20.0±3.3 (SD) vs 31.1±5.2 ml/min before phenibut; P<0.01]. The ventilatory depressant effect of phenibut was not reflected in the hypoxic response. In relative terms, this response was actually accentuated after phenibut; the peak hypoxic ventilation increased by 164% from baseline vs the 100% increase before phenibut. Regarding hyperoxia, its inhibitory effect on breathing was more expressed after phenibut. In conclusion, the GABA-mimetic phenibut did not curtail hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness, despite the presence of GABA-ergic pathways in both central and peripheral, carotid body mechanisms mediating the hypoxic chemoreflex. Thus, GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition may be elaborated in a way to sustain the primarily defensive ventilatory chemoreflex.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Carotid Body', 'Female', 'Hyperoxia', 'Hypoxia', 'Male', 'Oxygen', 'Rats', 'Respiration', 'Respiratory Function Tests', 'Respiratory Mechanics', 'Respiratory Rate', 'Tidal Volume', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 21,880,205
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['A08.675.650.915.500.600.150', 'A08.800.950.500.600.150', 'A11.671.650.915.500.600.150'], ['C23.888.852.567'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E01.370.386.700'], ['G09.772.705.700'], ['E01.370.600.875.875', 'G09.772.705.730'], ['E01.370.386.700.485.750.900.350.750', 'G09.772.850.970.500.700'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex.
|
BACKGROUND: Sugammadex selectively binds steroidal neuromuscular blocking drugs, leading to reversal of neuromuscular blockade. The authors developed a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model for reversal of neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex, assuming that reversal results from a decrease of free drug in plasma and/or neuromuscular junction. The model was applied for predicting the interaction between sugammadex and rocuronium or vecuronium.METHODS: Noninstantaneous equilibrium of rocuronium-sugammadex complex formation was assumed in the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction model. The pharmacokinetic parameters for the complex and sugammadex alone were assumed to be identical. After development of a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model for rocuronium alone, the interaction model was optimized using rocuronium and sugammadex concentration data after administration of 0.1-8 mg/kg sugammadex 3 min after administration of 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium. Subsequently, the predicted reversal of neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex was compared with data after administration of up to 8 mg/kg sugammadex at reappearance of second twitch of the train-of-four; or 3, 5, or 15 min after administration of 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium. Finally, the model was applied to predict reversal of vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade.RESULTS: Using the in vitro dissociation constants for the binding of rocuronium and vecuronium to sugammadex, the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic interaction model adequately predicted the increase in total rocuronium and vecuronium plasma concentrations and the time-course of reversal of neuromuscular blockade.CONCLUSIONS: Model-based evaluation supports the hypothesis that reversal of rocuronium- and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade by sugammadex results from a decrease in the free rocuronium and vecuronium concentration in plasma and neuromuscular junction. The model is useful for prediction of reversal of rocuronium and vecuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade with sugammadex.
|
['Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neuromuscular Blockade', 'Neuromuscular Junction', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Sugammadex', 'Time Factors', 'gamma-Cyclodextrins']
| 19,104,176
|
[['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['E03.706', 'E05.635'], ['A08.800.550.550.550', 'A08.850.550.550', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['D04.345.103.444.500', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.444.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D04.345.103.444', 'D09.301.915.400.375.444', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.444']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Nerve lesions after acute anterior dislocation of the humero-scapular joint--electrodiagnostic study].
|
We present a pilot seria of 18 patients with acute anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint following simple trauma. All the patients underwent conservative treatment using a standard Kocher technique. In the majority of cases muscular spasm and pain rendered through neurological examination difficult to perform. All patients were, therefore, submitted to extensive electrodiagnostic procedure which revealed a nerve injury on half of them. Such high incidence was, probably, due to the increased age (17 out 18 patients were over 40 years old), and rather traumatic reduction procedure. The axillary nerve was the most frequently affected (38.8%), either alone or in combination with musculocutaneus nerve. Comparing to previous reports in the literature, we found musculocutaneus nerve lesion in a rather high number of patients (22%). Extensive electrodiagnostic study is therefore recommended when further treatment and prognosis of anterior dislocation of the shoulder are taken in consideration.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Arm', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peripheral Nerve Injuries', 'Pilot Projects', 'Shoulder Dislocation']
| 7,869,974
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.668.829.712', 'C10.900.575', 'C26.915.650'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['C05.550.518.750', 'C26.289.750', 'C26.803.125']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of supplemental zinc concentration and source on performance, carcass characteristics, and serum values in finishing beef steers.
|
Three studies were conducted to examine the effects of zinc concentration or source in diets of finishing beef steers. In Exp. 1, 108 (British x Continental) beef steers were supplemented with concentrations of added zinc (as ZnSO4) at 20, 100, or 200 mg/kg of dietary DM. No differences (P > 0.10) were noted among treatments for ADG or gain:feed for the 112-d finishing period. However, a linear (P < 0.10) decrease was noted in daily DMI with increasing zinc concentrations for the overall finishing period. No differences (P > 0.10) were noted in hot carcass weight; dressing percentage; longissimus muscle area; percentage of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat; or marbling score. There were, however, quadratic increases in s.c. fat thickness (P < 0.05) and yield grade (P < 0.01) with added zinc. In Exp. 2, 12 beef steers were used to examine effects of added dietary zinc on serum concentrations of cholesterol and fatty acid profiles. No differences (P > 0.10) were observed in cholesterol or fatty acids among the supplemental zinc levels. In Exp. 3, 84 Brangus- and Angus-sired steers were fed a steam-flaked corn-based diet containing 30 mg of supplemental zinc per kilogram of dietary DM from one of the following sources: 1) ZnSO4, 2) Zn amino acid complex, or 3) a zinc polysaccharide complex. No differences (P > 0.10) were noted for the overall 126-d trial for ADG, DMI, or gain:feed ratio. Percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat was increased (P < 0.10) in steers supplemented with ZnSO4 vs the average of Zn amino acid and Zn polysaccharide complexes. However, s.c. fat thickness was greater (P < 0.10) in steers supplemented with Zn amino acid and Zn polysaccharide complexes vs ZnSO4. Serum zinc concentration did not differ (P > 0.10) among zinc sources. Supplemental zinc concentration in finishing diets did not seem to influence feedlot performance and had a minimal impact on carcass quality. Either the organic or inorganic source can be included in finishing diets without affecting feedlot performance.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Cattle', 'Cholesterol', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Meat', 'Zinc']
| 11,063,302
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interstitial brachytherapy in carcinoma of the penis.
|
AIM: Keeping in line with the increasing emphasis on organ preservation, we at the Tata Memorial Hospital have evaluated the role of Ir-192 interstitial implant as regards local control, functional and cosmetic outcome in early as well as locally recurrent carcinoma of the distal penis.PATIENTS AND METHODS: From October 1988 to December 1996, 23 patients with histopathologically proven cancer of the penis were treated with radical radiation therapy using Ir-192 temporary interstitial implant. Our patients were in the age group of 20 to 60 years. The primary lesions were T1 in 7, T2 in 7 and recurrent in 9 patients. Only 7 patients had palpable groin nodes at presentation, all of which were pathologically negative. The median dose of implant was 50 Gy (range 40 to 60 Gy), using the LDR afterloading system and the Paris system of implant rules for dosimetry. Follow-up ranged from 4 to 117 months (median 24 months).RESULTS: At last follow-up 18 of the 23 patients remained locally controlled with implant alone. Three patients failed only locally, 2 locoregionally and 1 only at the groin. Of the 5 patients who failed locally, 4 were successfully salvaged with partial penectomy and remained controlled when last seen. Local control with implant alone at 8 years was 70% by life table analysis. The patients had excellent functional and cosmetic outcome. We did not record any case of skin or soft-tissue necrosis. Only 2 patients developed meatal stenosis, both of which were treated endoscopically.CONCLUSION: Our results lead us to interpret that interstitial brachytherapy with Ir-192 offers excellent local control rates with preservation of organ and function. Penectomy can be reserved as a means for effective salvage.
|
['Adult', 'Brachytherapy', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Iridium Radioisotopes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Penile Neoplasms', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Salvage Therapy', 'Time Factors']
| 9,951,513
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.815.150'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.496.749.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.588.945.440.715', 'C12.294.260.500', 'C12.294.494.591', 'C12.758.409.500'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.895'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
United States Travelers' Concern about Zika Infection and Willingness to Receive a Hypothetical Zika Vaccine.
|
The ongoing Zika pandemic has affected many countries that are common travel destinations. We assessed the willingness to receive a prophylactic Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccine, currently under development, among travelers to areas with reported autochthonous ZIKV transmission. We surveyed United States (U.S.) residents aged 18-44 years who had ever heard of ZIKV and planned to travel to Florida and/or Texas (N = 420) or a U.S. territory or foreign country (N = 415) in 2017, using a nationally representative internet panel. Travelers to Florida and/or Texas reported less concern about ZIKV infection than travelers to other destinations (27% versus 36%, P = 0.01). Female sex, Hispanic ethnicity, discussing ZIKV with medical professionals, ZIKV risk perception, and self-efficacy for ZIKV prevention predicted concern about ZIKV infection in both groups. Travelers to Florida and/or Texas (43%) and other destinations (44%) were equally willing to receive a ZIKV vaccine. Hispanic ethnicity, discussing ZIKV with medical professionals, and concern about ZIKV infection predicted vaccine willingness in both groups. Likelihood of using existing ZIKV prevention methods, confidence in the U.S. government to prevent ZIKV spread, self-efficacy for ZIKV prevention, and knowledge about ZIKV symptoms further predicted vaccine willingness in travelers to other destinations. In multivariable analyses, only concern about ZIKV infection was associated with vaccine willingness in both groups (prevalence ratio [95% confidence interval]: Florida and/or Texas: 1.34 [1.06, 1.69]; other: 1.82 [1.44, 2.29]). Targeted communications can educate travelers, particularly travelers who are pregnant or may become pregnant, about ZIKV risk to generate ZIKV vaccine demand.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Florida', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Pregnancy', 'Texas', 'Travel', 'United States', 'Vaccination', 'Viral Vaccines', 'Young Adult', 'Zika Virus', 'Zika Virus Infection']
| 29,692,314
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.875.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750'], ['I03.883'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['D20.215.894.899'], ['M01.060.116.815'], ['B04.820.578.344.350.995'], ['C01.920.500.990', 'C01.925.081.990', 'C01.925.782.350.250.990']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Synthesis and anti-tumor activities of 1,4-bis[3-(amino-dithiocarboxy)propionyl] piperazine derivatives].
|
AIM: To synthesize piperazine derivatives and screen anti-tumor compounds with higher activity and lower toxicity.METHODS: Selecting 1,4-bis(3-bromopropionyl)piperazine as leading compound, a series of 1,4-bis[3-(amino-dithiocarboxy)propionyl] piperazine derivatives (4a-j) were synthesized through the use of aminodithiocarboxylate. All the synthetic compounds (4a-j) were tested for their anti-tumor activity against eight kinds of tumor cells.RESULTS: Compounds (4a-j) are new compounds, among them, compounds 4c, 4d and 4e showed anti-tumor activity against HL-60. The inhibition of compounds 4c, 4d and 4e against HL-60 are 44%, 90% and 70% respectively, at the concentration of 10 mumol.L-1. However, the inhibition of the other kinds of anti-tumor cells are not distinctive.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that this may be one of the effective routes to improve the anti-tumor activity and reduce the toxicity of 1,4-bis(3-bromopropionyl)piperazine.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans', 'Piperazines', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 12,580,084
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.606'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of genotype, sex, and dietary lysine on pork subprimal cut yields and carcass quality of pigs fed to either 104 or 127 kilograms.
|
One hundred twenty pigs (initially 44 kg BW) were used to determine the effects of genotype, sex, and dietary lysine on subprimal cut yields and carcass quality. Within genotype (high or medium potential for lean tissue gain), barrows and gilts were fed separately either a .90 or .70% lysine diet until the mean weight of each pen of three pigs reached 104 kg. Then one pig was removed and dietary lysine for the remaining two pigs was decreased to .75 or .55%, respectively. At both 104 and 127 kg BW, carcasses from high-lean genotype (HLG) pigs and gilts had (P < .01) higher percentages of boneless closely trimmed ham, loin, and shoulder than carcasses from medium-lean genotype (MLG) pigs and barrows, respectively. At 104 kg BW HunterLab values indicated (P < .01) that HLG longissimus muscle (LM) was redder, more yellow, and more intense in color than MLG LM. The LM from HLG gilts had (P < .05) higher Warner-Bratzler shear values (less tender) than LM from HLG barrows and MLG pigs at 104 kg BW. At 127 kg BW, HLG LM was visually firmer (P < .05) and more reddish-pink (P < .01); had HunterLab values (P < .01) that indicated a darker, redder color; had less moisture exudate (P < .05), thaw loss (P < .01), and percentage of lipid (P < .01); and had a higher pH (P < .05) than MLG LM. Barrow LM had more marbling (P < .05), a higher percentage of lipid (P < .01), less moisture exudate (P < .05), and less thaw loss (P < .01) than LM from gilts. The LM from HLG barrows had higher (P < .05) Warner-Bratzler shear values than the LM from HLG gilts and MLG pigs at 127 kg BW. Overall, the dietary regimens used in this trial resulted in minimal differences in either carcass quality or cutability. The production option of feeding HLG gilts to 127 kg can be used to optimize carcass cutability and quality traits.
|
['Animals', 'Body Composition', 'Body Weight', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Food Technology', 'Genotype', 'Lysine', 'Male', 'Meat', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Swine']
| 8,791,199
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['J01.576.423.850'], ['G05.380'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['G07.203.300.600', 'J02.500.600'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G08.686.815'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biological properties of Beet soil-borne mosaic virus and Beet necrotic yellow vein virus cDNA clones produced by isothermal in vitro recombination: Insights for reassortant appearance.
|
Two members of the Benyviridae family and genus Benyvirus, Beet soil-borne mosaic virus (BSBMV) and Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV), possess identical genome organization, host range and high sequence similarity; they infect Beta vulgaris with variable symptom expression. In the US, mixed infections are described with limited information about viral interactions. Vectors suitable for agroinoculation of all genome components of both viruses were constructed by isothermal in vitro recombination. All 35S promoter-driven cDNA clones allowed production of recombinant viruses competent for Nicotiana benthamiana and Beta macrocarpa systemic infection and Polymyxa betae transmission and were compared to available BNYVV B-type clone. BNYVV and BSBMV RNA1 + 2 reassortants were viable and spread long-distance in N. benthamiana with symptoms dependent on the BNYVV type. Small genomic RNAs were exchangeable and systemically infected B. macrocarpa. These infectious clones represent a powerful tool for the identification of specific molecular host-pathogen determinants.
|
['Beta vulgaris', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Viral', 'Mosaic Viruses', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Viruses', 'RNA Viruses', 'RNA, Viral', 'Reassortant Viruses']
| 29,453,056
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.200.399'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.308.385'], ['B04.715.464'], ['G15.610'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B04.715'], ['B04.820'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['B04.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion on monoamine oxidase in a clonal rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC12h.
|
The effects of the neurotoxin N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP+) on the enzymes involved in synthesis and catabolism of catecholamines were examined using a clonal rat pheochromocytoma cell line, PC12h, as a model of dopaminergic neurons. MPP+ added in the culture medium was found to be accumulated in PC12h cells after 30-min incubation. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in PC12h cells was inhibited by MPP+ in a dose-dependent way from 10 nM to 10 microM, but concentrations of MPP+ higher than 100 microM were found to increase the MAO activity. At the lower concentrations MPP+ inhibited MAO noncompetitively with respect to the substrate, kynuramine, and at the higher concentrations it increased both the Km and the Vmax values of MAO toward the substrate. On the other hand, tyrosine hydroxylase activity and the dopamine concentrations in PC12 cells were not changed by incubation with MPP+ for 30 min, 60 min, or 24 h.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium', 'Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Dopamine', 'Kinetics', 'Kynuramine', 'Monoamine Oxidase', 'Pheochromocytoma', 'Pyridinium Compounds', 'Rats', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase']
| 2,883,261
|
[['D03.383.725.762.550'], ['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.092.146.312', 'D02.522.818.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.750'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700.725', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700.725'], ['D03.383.725.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Suture complications in a teaching institution among patients undergoing uterosacral ligament suspension with permanent braided suture.
|
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Our study aimed to identify the rate of suture complications over a 5-year period using braided permanent suture for uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) surgery.METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent vaginal uterosacral ligament suspensions using braided polyester suture. Outcome measures included rate and timing of suture complications, patient symptoms post-operatively, efficacy of treatment modalities and surgical success.RESULTS: Eighty-three patients had undergone USLS with braided, polyester suture over the study period that met inclusion criteria. Thirty-seven patients (44.6%) had suture-related complications post-operatively with a mean follow-up of 10.4 months. When only silver nitrate was applied, 16.7% improved, and when the suture was cut in clinic, 77.8% resolved.CONCLUSIONS: Permanent polyester braided suture for suspension of vaginal vault may lead to an unacceptably high suture erosion rate, cutting the suture in clinic results in the highest resolution.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Gynecologic Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Pelvic Organ Prolapse', 'Recurrence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Suture Techniques', 'Sutures']
| 20,186,391
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E04.950.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.842.624'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.987.775'], ['E07.858.690.820']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Development of autoimmune hepatitis in patients with typical primary biliary cirrhosis.
|
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)-autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) overlap syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by the occurrence of both conditions at the same time in the same patient. In addition to PBC-AIH overlap syndrome, transitions from one autoimmune disease to another have been reported, but no systematic series have been published. We report a series of 12 patients with consecutive occurrence of PBC and AIH (i.e., PBC followed by AIH). Among 282 PBC patients, 39 were identified who fulfilled criteria for probable or definitive AIH. AIH developed in 12 patients (4.3%). The baseline characteristics of the patients were similar to those of patients with classical PBC. Time elapsed between the diagnosis of PBC and the diagnosis of AIH varied from 6 months to 13 years. Patients with multiple flares of hepatitis at the time of diagnosis of AIH had cirrhosis on liver biopsy. Ten patients were given prednisone +/- azathioprine; short-term as well as sustained remissions were obtained in 8 of these, while two had multiple relapses and eventually died 8 and 7 years after diagnosis of AIH. In conclusion, the development of superimposed AIH could not be predicted from baseline characteristics and initial response to UDCA therapy. If not detected early, superimposed AIH can result in rapid progression toward cirrhosis and liver failure in PBC patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'France', 'Hepatitis, Autoimmune', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 16,799,997
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E01.171'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['C06.552.380.350.300', 'C20.111.567'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C06.130.120.135.250.250', 'C06.552.150.250', 'C06.552.630.400', 'C23.550.355.412.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The release of trace elements in the process of coal coking.
|
In order to assess the penetration of individual trace elements into the air through their release in the coal coking process, it is necessary to determine the loss of these elements by comparing their contents in the charge coal and in coke obtained. The present research covered four coke oven batteries differing in age, technology, and technical equipment. By using mercury analyzer MA-2 and the method of ICP MS As, Be, Cd, Co, Hg, Mn, Ni, Se, Sr, Tl, V, and Zn were determined in samples of charge coal and yielded coke. Basing on the analyses results, the release coefficients of selected elements were determined. Their values ranged from 0.5 to 94%. High volatility of cadmium, mercury, and thallium was confirmed. The tests have shown that although the results refer to the selected case studies, it may be concluded that the air purity is affected by controlled emission occurring when coke oven batteries are fired by crude coke oven gas. Fugitive emission of the trace elements investigated, occurring due to coke oven leaks and openings, is small and, is not a real threat to the environment except mercury.
|
['Coal', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Trace Elements']
| 22,666,104
|
[['D20.345.108', 'N06.230.132.258.108'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D01.268.811', 'D27.505.696.494.555', 'G07.203.300.681.500.555', 'J02.500.681.500.555']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Quantum dot/pMHC multimers vs. phycoerythrin/pMHC tetramers for identification of HLA-A*0201-restricted pHBV core antigen18-27-specific T cells.
|
Detection of human leukocyte antigens-A2-restricted p-hepatitis B virus (HBV) core antigen‑specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) is important in the study of HBV immunopathogenesis and vaccine design. Currently, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I/peptide‑(p) MHCI tetramers are considered the optimal tools to detect antigen‑specific CTLs. However, the MHC‑tetramer technique also has certain drawbacks and is under continuous development. The quantum dot (QD) bioconjugates nanotechnology with its unique inorganic‑biological properties has been developing fast. However, QD/pMHC multimers have seldom been used for the identification of the C18‑27 epitope, which is important in HBV infection. QD/pMHC multimers were synthesized by metal‑affinity coordination and an avidin‑biotin system. In the present study they were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and fluorescence spectrophotometry. C18‑27‑specific CTLs were obtained by ex vivo expansion of CD8+ T cells. Cultured CTLs were tested for the secretion level of interferon (IFN)‑ã by ELISA and for cytotoxicity by lactate dehydrogenase release assay. Then, the performance of phycoerythrin (PE)/pMHC tetramers and QD/pMHC multimers were compared by flow cytometry. The synthesized QD/pMHC multimers dispersed well and their emission spectrum exhibited only slight differences compared with original QDs. C18‑27‑specific CTLs not only secreted IFN‑ã but also effectively targeted T2 cells pulsed with peptide C18‑27. The frequencies of C18‑27‑specific CTLs determined by QD/pMHC multimers were higher compared with PE/pMHC tetramers. The present results suggested that QD/pMHC multimers may be able to characterize greater numbers of C18‑27‑specific CTLs with increased sensitivity compared to conventional strategies.
|
['Antigens, Viral', 'Cell Proliferation', 'HLA-A2 Antigen', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'K562 Cells', 'Peptides', 'Phycoerythrin', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Quantum Dots', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic']
| 28,765,875
|
[['D23.050.327'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.776.395.550.489.400.020', 'D12.776.543.550.439.400.020', 'D23.050.301.500.100.400.020', 'D23.050.301.500.450.370.020', 'D23.050.705.552.100.400.020', 'D23.050.705.552.450.370.374'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['D12.644'], ['D05.500.562.488.490.500.500.777', 'D08.811.600.710.490.500.500.777', 'D12.776.765.665', 'D23.767.705'], ['G02.111.694'], ['E07.705', 'J01.637.512.600.650'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term use of oral poliovirus vaccine from Sabin strains in the Soviet Union.
|
Success in control of poliomyelitis in the USSR has been achieved after mass immunization with oral polio vaccine ( OPV ) manufactured from attenuated Sabin strains. Procedures for large-scale production of the OPV have been developed by Soviet researchers with the leadership of Chumakov and Smorodintsev , and the safety and efficacy of the vaccine have since been demonstrated. A mass immunization program was initiated in the USSR in 1959 and completed in 1960, covering 77.5 million people or 36.7% of the entire population. This immunization campaign resulted in a sharp decrease in the incidence of poliomyelitis: from 10.6 per 100,000 population in 1958 to 0.43 in 1963. Beginning in 1964 the incidence remained at a level of 0.01-0.1 per 100,000 population. At present the vaccination schedule consists of three basic vaccinations given to infants. Over 20 years of experience with OPV in the USSR has shown that this vaccine is a safe and efficient preparation.
|
['Humans', 'Infant', 'Poliomyelitis', 'Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral', 'USSR', 'Vaccination']
| 6,740,068
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.207.618.750', 'C01.925.782.687.359.764', 'C10.228.228.618.750', 'C10.228.854.525.850', 'C10.668.864'], ['D20.215.894.899.623.750'], ['Z01.542.931', 'Z01.586.950'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Physiological levels of hydrostatic pressure alter morphology and organization of cytoskeletal and adhesion proteins in MG-63 osteosarcoma cells.
|
The response of human MG-63 osteosarcoma cells to physiological levels of hydrostatic pressure was studied. Cell cultures were subjected to a 20-min, 4-MPa hydrostatic pressure pulse. Adhesion was measured at 20 min and 2 h post-hydrostatic pressure. Morphometric measurements of cell shape and immunofluorescent assays of cytoskeletal and adhesion proteins were done pre- and post-hydrostatic pressure. Pressure-treated cells showed increased adhesion (resistance to deadhesion by trypsinization)-with increased recovery time. Indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated increased heterotypic adhesion receptor at cell-cell interfaces and increased alpha 3, beta 1-integrin at cell-substrate interfaces. Indirect immunofluorescence demonstrated depolymerization of alpha-tubulin, vimentin, and actin during the pressure pulse. Actin reorganization was slower than that of alpha-tubulin and vimentin, with stress filaments not well organized even after 1 h postpressure. The depolymerization of alpha-tubulin, vimentin, and actin observed at relatively low levels of hydrostatic pressure suggests disintegration of the integrin-cytoskeletal attachment complex. The increased resistance of the cells to trypsinization and the increase in both heterotypic adhesion receptor and the alpha 3, beta 1-integrin at cell interfaces suggest that cells compensate for loss of cytoskeletal integrity by increasing attachment to both adjacent cells and the extracellular matrix.
|
['Bone and Bones', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Cell Survival', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Hydrostatic Pressure', 'Integrins', 'Morphogenesis', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,329,174
|
[['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['G04.022'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.776.220'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.715.352'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['G07.345.500'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tunable third-harmonic generation in a solid-core tellurite glass fiber.
|
A solid-core tellurite glass fiber with 1.8 dB/m loss at 1.55 ìm was made by using the built-in casting preform fabrication method and rod-in-tube fiber drawing technique. Pumping a 10 cm fiber piece with picosecond pulses of 3-5?10(12) W/cm(2), 0.1% of the fundamental power limited by the coherence length of 0.3-5 ìm was converted into visible third-harmonic power tunable over a broad near-IR wavelength ranging from 1500 to 1680 nm. Frequency conversion from the mid-IR to near-IR was found to be even more efficient due to the longer coherence lengths of 12-20 ìm in the wavelength range of 2200-2500 nm.
|
['Glass', 'Infrared Rays', 'Optical Fibers', 'Optical Phenomena', 'Tellurium']
| 21,886,236
|
[['J01.637.437'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.552', 'G01.590.540.552', 'G01.750.250.650.552', 'G01.750.770.578.552', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.400', 'G16.500.750.775.525.400', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.400'], ['E07.632.750'], ['G01.590'], ['D01.268.185.950', 'D01.268.513.968']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Propensity score analysis of postoperative and oncological outcomes after surgical treatment for splenic flexure colon cancer.
|
PURPOSE: The surgical treatment of splenic flexure colon cancer (SFCC) is somehow not yet well standardized. Postoperative and oncological results of the three surgical techniques most commonly used to treat SFCC: extended right colectomy (ERC), egmental left colectomy (SLC), and left colectomy (LC) were evaluated.METHODS: The study included all patients with stage I-III SFCC treated by ERC, SLC, or LC between 2005 and 2016. Postoperative and long-term outcomes after the different surgical techniques were analyzed: Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to compare the outcomes between these surgical techniques and survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests.RESULTS: A total of 170 SFCC patients were operated; ERC was performed in 71 (41.76%), SLC in 36 (21.18%), and LC in 63 (37.06%). There were no significant differences in the short and long-term postoperative outcomes. Three comparison groups were developed so that PSM could be performed between the surgical technique cases: ERC (n = 59) vs. LC (n = 50); ERC (n = 50) vs. SLC (n = 33); and SLC (n = 32) vs. LC (n = 44). No differences in the short or long-term outcomes of these techniques were observed.CONCLUSION: The short and long-term outcomes between ERC, SLC, and LC are similar. SLC should be considered oncologically as appropiate as the other more extensive resections.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colectomy', 'Colon, Transverse', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Propensity Score', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,845,387
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.210.219'], ['A03.556.124.526.356.834', 'A03.556.249.249.356.834'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Retreatment management strategies when first-line tuberculosis therapy fails.
|
SETTING: Public ambulatory centers in northern Lima, Peru.OBJECTIVE: To compare two retreatment strategies in Category I failures.DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of Category I failures enrolled between February 1997 and October 2001. Strategy A was a nationwide approach, applying a Category II regimen; if that regimen failed, a standardized regimen including second-line drugs was used. Strategy B was a pilot protocol designed to diagnose and treat multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB); this strategy included drug susceptibility testing (DST) and eliminated the Category II regimen.RESULTS: Of 125 patients that Category I failed to cure, 73 entered Strategy A and 52 entered Strategy B. Almost 90% of those with DST results had MDR-TB. Strategy B was three times more likely than Strategy A to cure patients (79% vs. 38%, RR = 2.9, 95% CI 1.7-5.1) and five times more likely to cure patients than the Category II regimen alone (79% vs. 15%, RR 5.2, 95% CI 3.0-9.2). Strategy B also significantly reduced delays to MDR-TB diagnosis and to the initiation of MDR-TB therapy.CONCLUSIONS: Under program conditions, a retreatment strategy based on DST and eliminating the Category II regimen can improve clinical outcomes among Category I treatment failures found to have active, infectious MDR-TB.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antitubercular Agents', 'Child', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Failure', 'Tuberculosis', 'Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant']
| 15,830,748
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085.255'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.775']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effects on synovial permeability and synovial fluid leukocyte counts in symptomatic osteoarthritis after intraarticular corticosteroid administration.
|
The mode of action of intraarticularly administered corticosteroids was studied. Fifteen patients with osteoarthritis and painful effusions had one knee injected with normal saline, triamcinolone hexacetonide 20 mg or prednisolone tebuate 20 mg. Fifteen millicuries of 99mTc-labeled albumin was given intravenously before and at various time intervals after the injection of the depot corticosteroid or saline. Whole blood and synovial fluid (SF) samples were used for blood to SF count rate ratio determinations. SF white blood cell counts (WBC) were also performed. The results indicated that intraarticular depot corticosteroids decreased synovial permeability and caused increases in the SF WBC. Moreover, decreases in pain and knee swelling correlated better with a decrease in vascular permeability, as assessed by the count ratio, than with SF leukocytosis.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Cell Membrane Permeability', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intra-Articular', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoarthritis', 'Synovial Fluid', 'Synovial Membrane']
| 7,097,677
|
[['D06.472.040'], ['G03.143.335', 'G04.175'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.380'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847'], ['A02.835.583.443.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Elucidation of protein biomarkers for verification of selected biological warfare agents using tandem mass spectrometry.
|
Some pathogens and toxins have the potential to be used as weapons of mass destruction and instigate population-based fear. Efforts to mitigate biothreat require development of efficient countermeasures which in turn relies on fast and accurate methods to detect the biological agents in a range of complex matrices including environmental and clinical samples. We report here an mass spectrometry (MS) based methodology, employing both targeted and shot-gun approaches for the verification of biological agents from the environmental samples. Our shot-gun methodology relied on tandem MS analysis of abundant peptides from the spiked samples, whereas, the targeted method was based on an extensive elucidation of marker proteins and unique peptides resulting in the generation of an inclusion list of masses reflecting relevant peptides for the unambiguous identification of nine bacterial species [listed as priority agents of bioterrorism by Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)] belonging to phylogenetically diverse genera. The marker peptides were elucidated by extensive literature mining, in silico analysis, and tandem MS (MS/MS) analysis of abundant proteins of the cultivated bacterial species in our laboratory. A combination of shot-gun MS/MS analysis and the targeted search using a panel of unique peptides is likely to provide unambiguous verification of biological agents at sub-species level, even with limited fractionation of crude protein extracts from environmental samples. The comprehensive list of peptides reflected in the inclusion list, makes a valuable resource for the multiplex analysis of select biothreat agents and further development of targeted MS/MS assays.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Biological Warfare Agents', 'Biomarkers', 'Bioterrorism', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Computer Simulation', 'Data Mining', 'Molecular Typing', 'Peptides', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry']
| 32,042,063
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D20.215.226', 'J01.637.870.900.100'], ['D23.101'], ['I01.198.240.856.800.100', 'I01.880.735.900.800.100', 'I01.880.735.950.500.226.100'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.313.500.750.280.199', 'L01.470.625'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125.457', 'E05.200.875.150.125.457', 'E05.393.542'], ['D12.644'], ['E05.196.566.880']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of environmental temperature on sleep, locomotor activity, core body temperature and immune responses of C57BL/6J mice.
|
Ambient temperature exerts a prominent influence on sleep. In rats and humans, low ambient temperatures generally impair sleep, whereas higher temperatures tend to promote sleep. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate sleep patterns and core body temperatures of C57BL/6J mice at ambient temperatures of 22, 26 and 30 degrees C under baseline conditions, after sleep deprivation (SD), and after infection with influenza virus. C57BL/6J mice were surgically implanted with electrodes for recording electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) and with intraperitoneal transmitters for recording core body temperature (T(c)) and locomotor activity. The data indicate that higher ambient temperatures (26 and 30 degrees C) promote spontaneous slow wave sleep (SWS) in association with reduced delta wave amplitude during SWS in C57BL/6J mice. Furthermore, higher ambient temperatures also promote recuperative sleep after SD. Thus, in mice, higher ambient temperatures reduced sleep depth under normal conditions, but augmented the recuperative response to sleep loss. Mice infected with influenza virus while maintained at 22 or 26 degrees C developed more SWS, less rapid eye movement sleep, lower locomotor activity and greater hypothermia than did mice maintained at 30 degrees C during infection. In addition, despite equivalent viral titers, mice infected with influenza virus at 30 degrees C showed less leucopenia and lower cytokine induction as compared with 22 and 26 degrees C, respectively, suggesting that less inflammation develops at the higher ambient temperature.
|
['Animals', 'Body Temperature', 'Cytokines', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Electroencephalography', 'Electromyography', 'Environment', 'Fever', 'Immune System', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Motor Activity', 'Orthomyxoviridae Infections', 'Sleep Deprivation', 'Sleep Stages', 'Temperature']
| 17,467,232
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['A15.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['C01.925.782.620'], ['C10.886.425.175', 'C23.888.592.796.772', 'F02.830.855.671', 'F03.870.400.099'], ['F02.830.855.796', 'G11.561.803.754'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Retrograde femoral interlocking nail in complex fractures.
|
Retrograde interlocking nail was used as the method of fixation in 35 different cases of combination of complex femoral fractures. We performed this procedure in fractures of femoral shaft associated with fracture neck femur, pathological fractures of proximal third of femur with trochanteric pathology, ipsilateral fracture of femur and tibia in polytrauma cases with multiple other injuries, in highly obese patients with fracture shaft femur. This technique was also used in cases of pregnancy with fracture shaft femur and in unstable pelvic fracture or dislocation hip associated with fracture shaft femur. Operative technique involved with retrograde insertion of un-reamed, non-cannulated custom made nail through entrance portal in intercondylar notch was applied for fixation of the shaft femur fracture. The other associated fracture around hip was stabilized separately using suitable implant according to type of fracture. In cases of ipsilateral fracture of femur and tibia, femur was stabilized by retrograde interlocking nail and tibia was stabilized by antigrade interlocking nail through same incision at the same sitting. The case was followed up for three years; the average union time was 12 to 18 weeks. Out of 35 cases, 31 cases regained full knee movement. Out of the remaining 4 cases, 2 cases could regain up to 90 degrees of movement, these were old fractures and non-cooperative patients. In one case, patellofemoral arthritis was developed because of an operative error where a nail was not put inside the articular surface. Mal-union was observed in an early case of the series and implant failure was nil. Retrograde interlocking nail was used as the method of fixation in complex fracture problems. Multiple fractures of long bones can be stabilized in one stage, preventing multiple operations at different stages in polytraumatized patients. This resulted in early recovery, lesser hospital stay, and early rehabilitation of patient with good results and is economical also.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Nails', 'Female', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary', 'Humans', 'Internal Fixators', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,401,916
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E07.695.370.249', 'E07.858.442.660.460.249', 'E07.858.690.725.460.249'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['E04.555.300.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.370', 'E07.858.442.660.460', 'E07.858.690.725.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Aortic valve bypass for aortic stenosis in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
|
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare acquired bone marrow disorder characterized by hemolytic anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemoglobinuria, and venous thrombosis. Cardiopulmonary bypass-induced complement activation may be associated with exacerbation of hemolysis in patients with PNH undergoing cardiac operations. We describe a 77-year-old man with PNH and critical symptomatic aortic stenosis who underwent successful aortic valve bypass operation without cardiopulmonary bypass as an alternative to conventional aortic valve replacement.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 20,609,796
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['C15.378.071.141.560', 'C15.378.190.625.460'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The accuracy of serologic diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in school-aged children of mixed ethnicity.
|
UNLABELLED: The present study evaluated two non-invasive diagnostic methods for H. pylori infection in children, i.e. an in-house ELISA using sonicated Campylobacter jejuni antigen for absorption of cross-reacting antibodies and an immunoblot kit (Helico Blot 2.0, Genelabs, Singapore). 13C -Urea breath test (13C-UBT) was used as referenceMETHOD: Sera and questionnaires were collected from 695/858 (81%) Swedish school children with mixed ethnic backgrounds within a cross-sectional, community-based study. Of 133 children with an ELISA OD value of > or = 0.1, all were screened with immunoblot and 107 made a 13C-UBT. The negative controls were 34/37 children from three school classes with an ELISA OD value of < 0.1 and volunteering for a 13C-UBT. An adjusted cut-off level for the ELISA of OD value 0.22 resulted in a sensitivity of 97.8%, a specificity of 95.8% and a concordance index of 97.2%. The Helico Blot 2.0 had a sensitivity of 97.8%, a specificity of 93.8% and a concordance index of 96.5%. The best concordance was seen for the 26.5 kDa (98.6%), 30 kDa (95.7%) and 19.5 kDa (91.5%) antigens. The corresponding concordance index for CagA was 78%, for VacA 73.8% and for the 35kDa antigen 68.8%. A significant difference in the distribution of the 19.5 and 26.5 kDa bands but not of CagA/VacA was noted by ethnic background. With an adjusted cut-off level for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), both non-invasive methods were found to have an adequate performance in a pediatric population. The differences in antibody response patterns by ethnic background represent a caveat in the interpretation of serological studies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Breath Tests', 'Child', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Male', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Serologic Tests', 'Sweden', 'Urea']
| 11,328,362
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E01.370.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The impact of daily stress on health and mood: psychological and social resources as mediators.
|
This study examined daily stress processes among 75 married couples across 20 assessments during a 6-month period. The somatic and psychological effects of common everyday hassles were investigated. Overall, there was a significant relationship between daily stress and the occurrence of both concurrent and subsequent health problems such as flu, sore throat, headaches, and backaches. The relationship of daily stress to mood disturbance was more complex. The negative effects of stress on mood were limited to a single day, with the following day characterized by mood scores that were better than usual. Furthermore, striking individual differences were found in the extent to which daily stress was associated with health and mood across time. Participants with unsupportive social relationships and low self-esteem were more likely to experience an increase in psychological and somatic problems both on and following stressful days than were participants high in self-esteem and social support. These data suggest that persons with low psychosocial resources are vulnerable to illness and mood disturbance when their stress levels increase, even if they generally have little stress in their lives.
|
['Adult', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mood Disorders', 'Psychological Tests', 'Psychophysiologic Disorders', 'Risk Factors', 'Self Concept', 'Social Environment', 'Social Support', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 3,361,420
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.600'], ['F04.711'], ['C23.888.592.700'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Physiological pineal effects on female reproductive function of laboratory rats: prenatal development of pups, litter size and estrous cycle in middle age.
|
The present study investigates whether and how the pineal or its hormone melatonin influences female reproductive functions, namely the litter size, prenatal development of offsprings, and estrous cyclicity, especially its age-related cessation in a non-seasonal breeder, the laboratory rat. Wistar rats were maintained under a 24 h light-dark (12Lratio12D) cycle. Female rats were divided into 3 groups: non-operated (NO), sham-operated (SX), and pinealectomized (PX). Surgeries were performed in 35-40 day-old females. Starting at an age between 70 days and 7 months, female rats of all 3 groups were repeatedly mated with intact males. PX mothers more frequently delivered pups with malformations (e.g., taillessness, hydronephrosis, 7 out of 1263 pups) than control rats (0/1323; p<0.007). In the first delivery at 3 months of age, but not at later ages, PX mothers delivered more pups of lower body weight than control animals (p<0.001). Examination of vaginal smears showed that almost all female rats of the NO, SX, and PX groups had 4-day estrous cyclicity when they were young-between 60 days and 5 months of age. At an age of 17 to 18 months, most female rats of the NO and SX groups showed irregular, continuously diestrous or pseudopregnancy-like patterns, and 4-day estrous cyclicity was found in only 10% of the NO or SX animals. In contrast, about 50% of the PX rats showed 4-day estrous cyclicity at this older age (p< 0.001). Melatonin, when added to drinking water (0.4 mg/L) for 16 days during the dark phase increased the frequency of diestrous phase, except in continuously diestrous rats and very few others. This melatonin effect was strong in PX rats but relatively weak in SX rats. In conclusion, the pineal hormone appears to influence various reproductive functions and developmental processes, especially pregnancy and the timing of reproductive aging in rats. The effects of pinealectomy are more prominent at an age of 60 to 80 days (i.e., shortly after puberty) and at the beginning of the cessation of cycles in middle-aged females.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Congenital Abnormalities', 'Estrous Cycle', 'Female', 'Litter Size', 'Maternal Age', 'Melatonin', 'Pineal Gland', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Reproduction']
| 16,687,302
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['C16.131'], ['G08.686.195'], ['G08.686.530', 'G08.686.784.769.498.300'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['A06.300.635', 'A06.688.733', 'A08.186.211.180.200.680', 'A08.186.211.200.317.200.620', 'A08.713.733'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G08.686.784']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Efficient degradation of crystal violet in magnetic CuFe2O4 aqueous solution coupled with microwave radiation.
|
Nanoscale copper ferrite was prepared by co-precipitation method, while citrate acid assisted method was used as reference. Microwave-induced degradation of crystal violet was performed with synthesized copper ferrite, and the behavior of copper ferrite in this process was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, SEM/EDS and vector network analyzer. Microwave radiation could greatly enhance the activity of copper ferrite in organic oxidation. The variant of copper and iron on the surface and in the inner core of copper ferrite was studied here. Copper ferrite presents relatively low dielectric loss. Meanwhile, microwave radiation makes a faster degradation than conventional heating process, indicating an indispensable non-thermal effect of microwave with copper ferrite in the process. Microwave induced holes could be responsible for the efficient degradation. The effect of annealing on crystallization and degradation process was considered here, and the intermediates and products were studied by GC-MS and LC-MS to provide a comprehensively evaluation of degradation.
|
['Copper', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Free Radicals', 'Gentian Violet', 'Magnets', 'Microwaves', 'Solutions', 'Water']
| 22,704,206
|
[['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D02.092.146.400'], ['J01.637.507'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['D26.776'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sigmoidoscopy training for nurses and resident physicians.
|
Five gastrointestinal nurses (three licensed practical nurses and two registered nurses) and five resident physicians were enrolled in a sigmoidoscopy training protocol. Patients referred for a screening sigmoidoscopy were randomized to have the procedure performed by a nurse or a resident. Objective criteria for proficiency were depth of endoscope insertion, procedure time, and identification of anatomic landmarks and pathologic lesions; subjective criteria included thoroughness and the need for assistance. Four nurses and all of the residents were deemed proficient at a mean of 20 procedures in both groups. One registered nurse did not achieve proficiency after 35 procedures; this determination was based on subjective criteria. Insertion depth and identification of normal anatomy improved with experience. Trainees missed 1.4% of pathologic lesions, and no complications were observed. Nurses can be trained to perform a screening sigmoidoscopy in a safe and effective manner, with results similar to those for doctors.
|
['Education, Nursing, Continuing', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Middle Aged', 'Sigmoidoscopy']
| 8,454,142
|
[['I02.358.212.450', 'I02.358.462.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200.700', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160.800', 'E04.210.240.250.160.800', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160.800']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Acute effects of hemodialysis on lung function in patients with end-stage renal disease.
|
Impaired lung function in hemodialysis patients may be caused by an underlying pulmonary disease; however, the impact of uremia and the effects of dialysis treatment are not well understood. Our investigation aimed to characterize the acute effects of bicarbonate hemodialysis using membranes differing in biocompatibility on various parameters of lung function in unselected uremic patients maintained on regular hemodialysis. Fourteen clinically stable hemodialysis patients without acute lung disease were included in the study. Restrictive lung disease was present in eight of 14 cases and obstructive lung disease in one patient. A cellulose dialyzer membrane and a synthetic high-flux dialyzer membrane were each tested twice (two sessions one week apart). Spirometry (VCmax, FEV1, FEF(25-75%), PEF) was carried out before and after hemodialysis. Resistance was determined with the interrupter technique and with the impulse oscillation system (R5Hz, R20Hz) before, during and after hemodialysis. Our comparative investigation of two dialyzer membranes found that bioincompatibility of dialysis had no acute adverse effects on lung function in our heterogeneous population of dialysis patients. None of our patients experienced bronchoconstriction or aggravation of obstructive lung disease as a result of poor biocompatibility of the dialyzer membrane. Spirometric data and resistance measurements by two different methods showed no relevant changes during the dialysis procedure. There was no correlation between lung function parameters and interdialytic changes in body weight or duration on hemodialysis. Regardless of the membrane used, the hemodialysis procedure does not acutely affect lung function in uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is a safe procedure even in uremic patients with pre-existing lung disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bicarbonates', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Lung', 'Lung Diseases', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Male', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Middle Aged', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Safety', 'Spirometry', 'Uremia']
| 16,703,255
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381'], ['C08.381.495'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['E01.370.386.700.750'], ['C12.777.419.936', 'C13.351.968.419.936']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of a mouse monoclonal antibody to vimentin by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblotting.
|
A murine IgM monoclonal antibody, termed MC15A13G was produced after immunization of Balb/c mouse with Swiss mouse dental papillae. This antibody, characterized by immunoblotting analysis and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy, recognized a 57 Kda protein identified as vimentin in different cell types with no cross reaction with other cytoskeletal proteins.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Dental Papilla', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Mice', 'Vimentin']
| 2,195,017
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['A14.549.167.900.720.250'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[An experimental study of the effect of biomechanical environment on the incorporation of cortical bone plates allografts].
|
Sixteen goats with fractures of right femur received cortical bone plates allografts on both the sides of femurs. The right allograft strut endured the stimulation of physiological stress, and the left allograft strut did not. Groups of goats were sacrificed and specimens were procured at 3, 6, 12, and 24 week after surgery for histology observation and image analysis of the vessels after Chinese ink perfusion, the rate of bone porosity, the integrated optical density (IOD) of tetracycline fluorescence labeling and new bone formation were investigated in order to evaluate the incorporation of the allograft strut. The allograft strut revascularized at 6 weeks after surgery in the fracture group, but at 3 weeks in the control group. The rate of area of vessels after Chinese ink perfusion, the rate of bone porosity, the integrated optical density (IOD) of tetracycline fluorescence labeling and new bone formation in the fracture group were worse than control from 3 weeks to 6 weeks, but the observed and measured values were better in the fracture group than in the control group beyond 6 weeks after surgery (P < 0.05). The stimulation of stress would be harmful to the allograft strut if the strut endured the stress at an earlier period postoperation. Yet, it would be beneficial to the revascularization, new bone formation, substitution, and internal re-building on the strut provided that the extremity was immobilized for 6 weeks; and if the cortical graft endured the stimulation of physiological stress from 6 weeks postoperation till cancellous conjunction between the ends of fractures, the revascularization on the allograft strut and the bone conjunction between partially allograft strut and host would be faciliated.
|
['Allografts', 'Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Bone Plates', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Femoral Fractures', 'Femur', 'Goats']
| 16,013,240
|
[['A01.941.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['C26.404.061', 'C26.558.276'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Modulation of alpha-actin and alpha-actinin proteins in cardiomyocytes by retinoic acid during development.
|
Early heart development is known to be sensitive to retinoid concentrations. Although the influence of retinoids on cardiac morphogenesis has been described previously, the effect of retinoids on cardiomyocyte differentiation during development has not been characterized. We quantified the effects of the retinoic acids all-trans RA and 13-cis RA on alpha-actin and alpha-actinin at the subcellular level in cultures of chick embryo cardiomyocytes obtained from Hamburger and Hamilton's (HH) stage 22, 32 and 40 embryos. The retinoids increased the concentration of alpha-actin and alpha-actinin in the cytoplasmic and cytoskeletal fractions of cells at all three stages of development. The effect was greatest in cardiomyocytes treated for 24 h with all-trans RA and in cells from HH22 embryos. The greatest increases in alpha-actin concentration occurred in the cytoskeletal fraction of HH22 cells cultured for 24 h with all-trans or 13-cis RA, whereas the greatest increases in alpha-actinin were found in the cytoplasmic fraction of HH22 cells exposed to retinoids for 24 h. We conclude that retinoic acid plays a role in the reorganization of the pattern of sarcomeric protein expression during cardiomyocyte differentiation.
|
['Actinin', 'Actins', 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Heart', 'Keratolytic Agents', 'Myocardium', 'Tretinoin']
| 10,352,886
|
[['D05.750.078.730.248', 'D12.776.210.500.095', 'D12.776.220.525.250'], ['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['G05.308.310'], ['A07.541'], ['D27.505.954.444.400'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nitrosyliron(III) porphyrinates: porphyrin core conformation and FeNO geometry. Any correlation?
|
The synthesis, structural, and spectroscopic characterization of (nitrosyl)iron(III) porphyrinate complexes designed to have strongly nonplanar porphyrin core conformations is reported. The species have a nitrogen-donor axial ligand trans to the nitrosyl ligand and display planar as well as highly nonplanar porphyrin core conformations. The systems were designed to test the idea, expressly discussed for the heme protein nitrophorin (Roberts, et al. Biochemistry 2001, 40, 11327), that porphyrin core distortions could lead to an unexpected, bent geometry for the FeNO group. For [Fe(OETPP)(1-MeIm)(NO)]ClO(4).C(6)H(5)Cl (H(2)OETPP = octaethyltetraphenylporphyrin), the porphyrin core is found to be severely saddled. However, this distortion has little or no effect on the geometric parameters of the coordination group: Fe-N(p) = 1.990(9) A, Fe-N(NO) = 1.650(2) A, Fe-N(L) = 1.983(2) A, and Fe-N-O = 177.0(3) degrees. For the complex [Fe(OEP)(2-MeHIm)(NO)]ClO(4).0.5CH(2)Cl(2) (H(2)OEP = octaethylporphyrin), there are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit. The cation denoted [Fe(OEP)(2-MeHIm)(NO)](+)(pla) has a close-to-planar porphyrin core. For this cation, Fe-N(p) = 2.014(8) A, Fe-N(NO) = 1.649(2) A, Fe-N(L) = 2.053(2) A, and Fe-N-O = 175.6(2) degrees. The second cation, [Fe(OEP)(2-MeHIm)(NO)](+)(ruf), has a ruffled core: Fe-N(p) = 2.003(7) A, Fe-N(NO) = 1.648(2) A, Fe-N(L) = 2.032(2) A, and Fe-N-O = 177.4(2) degrees. Thus, there is no effect on the coordination group geometry caused by either type of nonplanar core deformation; it is unlikely that a protein engendered core deformation would cause FeNO bending either. The solid-state nitrosyl stretching frequencies of 1917 cm(-)(1) for [Fe(OEP)(2-MeHIm)(NO)]ClO(4) and 1871 cm(-)(1) for [Fe(OETPP)(1-MeIm)(NO)]ClO(4) are well within the range seen for linear Fe-N-O groups. M?ssbauer data for [Fe(OEP)(2-MeHIm)(NO)]ClO(4) confirm that the ground state is diamagnetic. In addition, the quadrupole splitting value of 1.88 mm/s and isomer shift (0.05 mm/s) at 4.2 K are similar to other (nitrosyl)iron(III) porphyrin complexes with linear Fe-N-O groups. Crystal data: [Fe(OETPP)(1-MeIm)(NO)]ClO(4).C(6)H(5)Cl, monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c, Z = 4, with a = 12.9829(6) A, b = 36.305(2) A, c = 14.0126(6) A, beta = 108.087(1) degrees; [Fe(OEP)(2-MeHIm)(NO)]ClO(4).0.5CH(2)Cl(2), triclinic, space group Ponemacr;, Z = 4, with a = 14.062(2) A, b = 16.175(3) A, c = 19.948(3) A, alpha = 69.427(3) degrees, beta = 71.504(3) degrees, gamma = 89.054(3) degrees.
|
['Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Heme', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Structure', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitroso Compounds']
| 12,431,114
|
[['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D02.654']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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|
Transcranial magnetic stimulation of the visual cortex induces somatotopically organized qualia in blind subjects.
|
After loss of a particular sensory channel, the deprived cortex can be activated by inputs from other sensory modalities. It is not known whether activation of the rewired cortex evokes subjective experiences characteristic of that cortex or consistent with the rerouted sensory information. In a previous study, blind subjects were trained to perform visual tasks with a tongue display unit, a sensory substitution device that translates visual displays into electrotactile tongue stimulation. This cross-modal sensory stimulation activated their visual cortices. We now extend this finding by using transcranial magnetic stimulation to examine the perceptual correlates of training-induced plastic responses. We find that blind subjects proficient with the use of the tongue display unit report somatopically organized tactile sensations that are referred to the tongue when transcranial magnetic stimulation is applied over the occipital cortex. No such sensations were evoked in trained, blindfolded, seeing control subjects who performed the sensory substitution task equally well. These data show that the perceptual correlate of activity in a given cortical area reflects the characteristics of its novel sensory input source.
|
['Adult', 'Blindness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paresthesia', 'Phosphenes', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Tongue', 'Touch', 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation', 'Visual Cortex']
| 16,916,936
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.751.791.875', 'C23.888.592.763.770.875'], ['F02.830.816.964.500', 'G11.561.790.964.500', 'G14.935.500'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.723'], ['A03.556.500.885', 'A14.549.885'], ['F02.830.816.850', 'G11.561.790.850'], ['E02.621.820'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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