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Pretreatment Identification of Head and Neck Cancer Nodal Metastasis and Extranodal Extension Using Deep Learning Neural Networks.
|
Identification of nodal metastasis and tumor extranodal extension (ENE) is crucial for head and neck cancer management, but currently only can be diagnosed via postoperative pathology. Pretreatment, radiographic identification of ENE, in particular, has proven extremely difficult for clinicians, but would be greatly influential in guiding patient management. Here, we show that a deep learning convolutional neural network can be trained to identify nodal metastasis and ENE with excellent performance that surpasses what human clinicians have historically achieved. We trained a 3-dimensional convolutional neural network using a dataset of 2,875 CT-segmented lymph node samples with correlating pathology labels, cross-validated and fine-tuned on 124 samples, and conducted testing on a blinded test set of 131 samples. On the blinded test set, the model predicted ENE and nodal metastasis each with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.91 (95%CI: 0.85-0.97). The model has the potential for use as a clinical decision-making tool to help guide head and neck cancer patient management.
|
['Clinical Decision-Making', 'Deep Learning', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 30,232,350
|
[['E01.055'], ['G17.035.250.500.250', 'G17.485.500', 'L01.224.050.375.530.250', 'L01.224.050.375.605.500'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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Intraosseous hemangioma of the rib mimicking an aggressive chest wall tumor.
|
Bone hemangiomas are extremely rare in the ribs, with only a handful of cases reported in the literature. A case of a rib hemangioma is presented in which the pre-resection diagnosis was an aggressive chest wall tumor. The plain film, CT, MRI and bone scan features of the lesion were reviewed with the pathological correlation. On imaging, the lesion was expansile and lytic, and it also had fine bony trabeculae. The lesion also demonstrated growth beyond a disrupted bony cortex, suggesting malignancy. This case report adds to the literature on this rare condition and discusses the issues in the diagnosis of chest wall tumors.
|
['Adult', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Hemangioma', 'Humans', 'Incidental Findings', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Radiography, Thoracic', 'Ribs', 'Thoracic Neoplasms', 'Thoracic Wall', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 20,677,132
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['E01.171'], ['C04.557.645.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.700.730'], ['A02.835.232.570.500'], ['C04.588.894'], ['A01.923.761.850'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Nutrition Knowledge Translation Performance in Health Professionals: Findings from the 2017 Unified Forces Preventive Nutrition Conference (UFPN).
|
BACKGROUND: Dietitians and other health care professionals must be able to translate findings from clinical trials into best treatment practices, a skill termed "knowledge translation". This skill requires knowledge of treatment guidelines as well as the science underpinning treatment recommendations. Unsatisfactory knowledge translation of medical nutrition therapy (MNT) has been documented.METHODS: Individuals registered to attend a leading national nutrition conference were asked to participate in an online cross-sectional survey. Participants were asked to provide demographic and professional information, answer questions on nutrition knowledge and to choose a clinical action plan in response to dietitian-designed case vignettes describing research outcomes. Responses were compared by profession and participation in research activities.RESULTS: Of 3000 registered conference attendees, 299 individuals replied: 79.0% dietitians, 93.3% female, with a mean household income matching the 5th decile of income, 60.7% indicated a single employment setting, 20.7% reported participating in research. Almost 74% of respondents indicated that they would make clinical recommendations based on findings of an in vitro study. In one vignette, a patient with a disease previously not encountered by the respondent required a clinical treatment plan. Only 53% of participants chose to seek formal nutrition guidelines. Fewer than 15% of participants could identify the pathway for fat during weight loss. Differences in knowledge translation skills by research participation were not detected.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal a deficit in knowledge translation proficiency in a convenience sample of dietitians and other health professionals, highlighting the need to develop these skills.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Translational Medical Research']
| 30,781,851
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['G07.203.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['H01.770.644.145.675']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Properdin factor B (Bf) polymorphism in Norway.
|
Bf phenotype distribution and Bf allele frequencies in samples of the Norwegian population and the Lappish minority of Norway are presented. Bfs in Norwegians was found to be 0.817, while it was 0.888 in Lapps. The difference is statistically significant. Possible explanations of this difference are discussed. It is noted that Bf allele frequencies of Norwegians are similar to those of Germans, while differing from frequencies found in US whites.
|
['Alleles', 'Humans', 'Norway', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Properdin']
| 841,963
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795'], ['D12.776.124.486.274.965', 'D12.776.124.790.223.624', 'D12.776.377.715.182.624']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 1
|
Human d-amino acid oxidase: The inactive G183R variant.
|
In the brain, the enzyme d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of d-serine, a main positive modulator of the N-methyl-d-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptors (NMDAR). Dysregulation in d-serine signaling is implicated in the NMDAR dysfunctions observed in various brain diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia. A strain of ddY mice lacking DAAO activity due to the G181R substitution (DAAOG181R mice) and exhibiting increased d-serine concentration as compared to wild-type mice shows altered pain response, improved adaptative learning and cognitive functions, and larger hippocampal long-term potentiation. In past years, this mice line has been used to shed light on physiological and pathological brain functions related to NMDAR. Here, we decided to introduce the corresponding substitution in human DAAO (hDAAO). The recombinant G183R hDAAO is produced as an inactive apoprotein: the substitution alters the protein conformation that negatively affects the ability to bind the flavin cofactor in the orientation required for hydride-transfer during catalysis. At the cellular level, the overexpressed G183R hDAAO is not fully targeted to peroxisomes, forms protein aggregates showing a strong colocalization with ubiquitin, and significantly (7-fold) increases both the d-serine cellular concentration and the D/(D+L)-serine ratio. Taken together, our investigation warrants caution in using DAAOG181R mice: the abolition of enzymatic activity is coupled to DAAO aggregation, a central process in different pathological conditions. The effect due to G181R substitution in DAAO could be misleading: the effects due to impairment of d-serine degradation overlap with those related to aggregates accumulation.
|
['Animals', 'D-Amino-Acid Oxidase', 'Escherichia coli', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Protein Aggregates', 'Protein Conformation', 'Serine']
| 29,274,788
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.125'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.875'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.125.154.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) protein is part of a high molecular weight complex involved in biogenesis of early melanosomes.
|
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding tendency and a ceroid-lipofuscin lysosomal storage disease result from defects of multiple cytoplasmic organelles: melanosomes, platelet dense granules and lysosomes. The HPS polypeptide, a 700 amino acid protein which is unrelated to any known proteins, is likely to be involved in the biogenesis of these different organelles. Here, we show that HPS is a non-glycosylated, non-membrane protein which is a component of two distinct high molecular weight complexes. In non-melanotic cells the HPS protein is contained almost entirely in an approximately 200 kDa complex that is widely distributed throughout the cytosol. In melanotic cells the HPS protein is partitioned between this cytosolic complex and a >500 kDa complex that appears to consist of the approximately 200 kDa complex in association with membranous components. Subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy studies indicate that the membrane-associated HPS complex of melanotic cells is associated with tubulovesicular structures, small non-coated vesicles, and nascent and early-stage melanosomes. These findings suggest that the HPS complex is involved in the biogenesis of early melanosomes.
|
['Albinism, Oculocutaneous', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Humans', 'Melanocytes', 'Melanosomes', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Microscopy, Immunoelectron']
| 10,655,547
|
[['C11.270.040.545', 'C16.320.290.040.100', 'C16.320.565.100.102.100', 'C16.320.850.080.100', 'C17.800.621.440.102.100', 'C17.800.827.080.100', 'C18.452.648.100.102.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.750', 'A11.436.613'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500.560', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190.560', 'A11.409.750.560', 'A11.436.265.531.560', 'A11.436.613.560'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.625', 'E05.595.402.625']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Conventional radiology and computed tomography in facial fractures].
|
The possibilities and limitations of conventional radiography and CT in detecting maxillo-facial fractures are shown both experimentally and in a clinical setting. In 36 patients examined by both methods after maxillo-facial trauma, CT and conventional radiography (including pluridirectional tomography) proved to be equal in detecting fractures of the orbital roof, the anterior wall of the frontal sinus, the nasal bone and the pterygoid process. CT is inferior to conventional radiography in fracture of the orbital floor, the frontal base of the skull, the hard plate and the zygomatic arch. CT is superior to conventional radiography in fractures of the medial and lateral wall of the orbit, the posterior wall of the frontal sinus, the posterior, medial and anterior wall of the maxillary sinus as well as the zygomatic bone.
|
['Facial Bones', 'Humans', 'Maxillary Fractures', 'Orbital Fractures', 'Skull Fractures', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Zygomatic Fractures']
| 6,669,895
|
[['A02.835.232.781.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.400.510', 'C26.404.750.467.611', 'C26.915.300.425.500.400.510'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.550', 'C26.404.750.684', 'C26.915.300.425.500.550'], ['C10.900.300.918', 'C26.404.750', 'C26.915.300.745'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C10.900.300.284.500.950', 'C26.404.750.959', 'C26.915.300.425.500.950']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Herpes simplex virus infection, Acyclovir and IVIG treatment all independently cause gut dysbiosis.
|
Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV) is a ubiquitous human virus resident in a majority of the global population as a latent infection. Acyclovir (ACV), is the standard of care drug used to treat primary and recurrent infections, supplemented in some patients with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment to suppress infection and deleterious inflammatory responses. As many diverse medications have recently been shown to change composition of the gut microbiome, we used Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing to determine the effects of ACV and IVIG on the gut bacterial community. We found that HSV, ACV and IVIG can all independently disrupt the gut bacterial community in a sex biased manner when given to uninfected C57BL/6 mice. Treatment of HSV infected mice with ACV or IVIG alone or together revealed complex interactions between these drugs and infection that caused pronounced sex biased dysbiosis. ACV reduced Bacteroidetes levels in male but not female mice, while levels of the Anti-inflammatory Clostridia (AIC) were reduced in female but not male mice, which is significant as these taxa are associated with protection against the development of graft versus host disease (GVHD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. Gut barrier dysfunction is associated with GVHD in HSCT patients and ACV also decreased Akkermansia muciniphila, which is important for maintaining gut barrier functionality. Cumulatively, our data suggest that long-term prophylactic ACV treatment of HSCT patients may contribute to GVHD and also potentially impact immune reconstitution. These data have important implications for other clinical settings, including HSV eye disease and genital infections, where ACV is given long-term.
|
['Acyclovir', 'Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Bacteroidetes', 'Clostridium', 'Dysbiosis', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Microbiome', 'Herpes Simplex', 'Immunoglobulins, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Sex Factors']
| 32,760,124
|
[['D03.633.100.759.758.399.454.250'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['B03.440.080'], ['B03.300.390.400.200', 'B03.353.625.375.500', 'B03.510.415.400.200'], ['C23.550.308'], ['G06.591.375', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.375', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.250'], ['C01.925.256.466.382', 'C01.925.825.320', 'C17.800.838.790.320'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.536', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.632', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.632', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.632'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Effect of anaprilin electrophoresis using sinusoidal modulated current on central hemodynamics in patients after surgical treatment of ischemic heart disease].
|
Rehabilitative treatment with the beta-blocker anaprilin was performed in 58 patients with coronary heart disease within early periods (on days 7 to 21) after aortocoronary bypass surgery. Group 1 patients were given oral anaprilin. Group 2 patients took the drug by sinusoidal modulated current electrophoresis. With the latter drug administration, its negative chronotropic effect and abolished adverse decrease in myocardial contractivity were detected in the patients from that group. Bearing in mind the results of pharmacokinetic studies, it was suggested that the therapeutic effect of small blood anaprilin concentrations was due to the electrophoresis-induced passage of only its therapeutically beneficial left isomer and L-propranolol glucuronide, a metabolite.
|
['Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Adult', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Disease', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Iontophoresis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Care', 'Propranolol']
| 2,573,749
|
[['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.650', 'E05.301.300.575'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of rye ergot on growth and N-retention in growing pigs.
|
An experiment with five litter-mate barrows showed that severe reduction in feed intake and growth rate accompanied the inclusion of either 1.0 or 2.0% ergot in the ration. Levels of 0.10 and 0.05% ergot allowed moderate feed intake and weight gain but not equal to the pig fed the ergot-free ration. A subsequent experiment involving five lots of four litter-mate barrows each, indicated the possibility of reduced feed intake and growth performance by growing-finishing pigs fed rations containing 0.05 - 0.10% ergot. This was substantiated by a N-balance experiment in which control pigs retained 1.54 gm more N daily than pigs fed 0.10% ergot. The total alkaloid content of the ergot used in these experiments was 0.292%; the predominant alkaloid (71%) being ergocristine.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Appetitive Behavior', 'Body Weight', 'Edible Grain', 'Ergotism', 'Female', 'Growth', 'Male', 'Nitrogen', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases']
| 4,248,440
|
[['D03.132'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113.111'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['C25.723.680.262'], ['G07.345.249'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Toll-like receptor 4 inhibitor on LPS-induced lung injury.
|
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) plays important roles in the recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the activation of inflammatory cascade. In this study, we evaluated the effect of TAK-242, a selective TLR4 signal transduction inhibitor, on acute lung injury (ALI).MATERIALS AND METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were intravenously treated with TAK-242 15 min before the intratracheal administration of LPS or Pam3CSK4, a synthetic lipopeptide. Six hours after the challenge, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained for a differential cell count and the measurement of cytokine and myeloperoxidase levels. Lung permeability and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) DNA binding activity were also evaluated.RESULTS: TAK-242 effectively attenuated the neutrophil accumulation and activation in the lungs, the increase in lung permeability, production of inflammatory mediators, and NF-kappaB DNA-binding activity induced by the LPS challenge. In contrast, TAK-242 did not suppress inflammatory changes induced by Pam3CSK4.CONCLUSION: TAK-242 may be a promising therapeutic agent for ALI, especially injuries associated with pneumonia caused by Gram-negative bacteria.
|
['Acute Lung Injury', 'Animals', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Chemokines', 'Cytokines', 'Humans', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'NF-kappa B', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sulfonamides', 'Toll-Like Receptor 4']
| 20,387,088
|
[['C08.381.520.500'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.469'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
No metastatic cervical adenocarcinomas in a series of p16INK4a-positive mucinous or endometrioid advanced ovarian carcinomas: an analysis of the AGO Ovarian Cancer Study Group.
|
Epithelial ovarian cancers may represent secondary manifestations of occult extraovarian carcinomas. Such tumors may be misdiagnosed as primary ovarian carcinomas clinically and pathologically. In a recent study, several cases of cervical cancer metastases with primary manifestation as mucinous or endometrioid ovarian carcinomas were described. In all cases, human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and diffuse p16 immunostaining were detected in the ovarian tumor tissues. To estimate the frequency of occult metastatic endocervical adenocarcinomas in a series of mucinous or endometrioid ovarian carcinomas, 24 ovarian cancers with mucinous and 50 with endometrioid differentiation from the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynaekologische Onkologie OVAR-3 database were analyzed for HPV and p16 positivity. The p16 immunostaining was performed using the p16 histology kit (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark), and both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining results were considered positive. Human papillomavirus polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed using 2 consensus primer systems (GP5/GP6 and PGMY09/11) and HPV-16- and HPV-18-specific primers from the L1 and the E6 regions. Six (8%) of 74 tumors were p16-negative, 13 (18%) of 74 showed single positive cells, 28 (38%) of 74 showed focal homogeneous staining, and 27 (36%) of 74 showed complete diffuse staining. In several independent amplifications of different regions of the HPV genome, none of the 73 tumors available for analysis showed the presence of HPV DNA. No ovarian metastases of endocervical adenocarcinomas were found among mucinous and endometrioid adenocarcinomas from a large chemotherapy trial of advanced stage ovarian carcinomas. The p16 staining detected in many primary ovarian adenocarcinomas in the present series seems independent from HPV oncogene activity.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'DNA, Viral', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 18,156,969
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Safety and efficacy of intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in therapy refractory Crohn's disease patients.
|
A major challenge in the management of persistently active Crohn's disease patient's refractory to treatment regimen following the current guidelines is the induction of remission, which is a prerequisite for subsequent maintenance therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate both the clinical and endoscopic benefit of intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in patients with active and therapy refractory Crohn's disease. Nine patients with acute moderate to severe Crohn's disease, not responding to conventional as well as biological therapy regimen received 3 - 9 cycles of monthly treatments with intravenous cyclophosphamide (680 - 1000 mg) in an uncontrolled setting and were retrospectively analyzed. Eight of nine patients (88.9%) had a clinical response (measured by a decrease in the Harvey-Bradshaw index, HBI ? 3) and two of nine patients (22.2%) achieved clinical remission (HBI ? 4) at week 8 after two applications of intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy. These response and remission rates remained unchanged after individual completion of cyclophosphamide therapy. Median HBI decreased from 18 (7 - 25) at the beginning of therapy to 7 (3 - 18) at week 8. 5 of 9 patients (56%) showed endoscopic response (defined by a reduction of ulcers) and one patient (11%) reached endoscopic remission (defined by the absence of ulcers) after the last application of cyclophosphamide. Arthralgia, which was present in 4 of 9 (44%) patients, was unchanged in most patients after cyclophosphamide therapy, although one patient described a marked reduction in joint pain. Cyclophosphamide pulse therapy was well tolerated during the whole treatment course in all subjects. One patient with long-standing Crohn's disease was diagnosed with a high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the rectum and underwent surgical intervention, where the diagnosis of an early stage adenocarcinoma was made. We concluded that intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse therapy was well tolerated by most patients and effective for inducing clinical and endoscopic response and remission in patients with therapy refractory Crohn's disease. In patients who are unresponsive to available therapies, including available biological treatment options, cyclophosphamide therefore represents a potential option to induce therapeutic response, which must then be maintained by other treatment modalities.
|
['Administration, Intravenous', 'Adult', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Crohn Disease', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Drug Resistance', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pulse Therapy, Drug', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,456,770
|
[['E02.319.267.082'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.319.283.600'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Failure to thrive and metabolic alkalosis. Adverse effects of a chloride-deficient formula in two infants.
|
This report concerns two infants with failure to thrive and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Both infants were fed exclusively with a soybean-based formula, which, as a result of a manufacturing error, was severely deficient in chloride. When an alternative formula containing an adequate amount of chloride was prescribed, the electrolyte abnormality was corrected, and the infants resumed their normal weight gain.
|
['Alkalosis', 'Body Weight', 'Chlorides', 'Female', 'Growth Disorders', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant Food']
| 7,354,566
|
[['C18.452.076.354'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['C23.550.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.300.525.500', 'J02.500.525.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pigment epithelium-derived factor inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and protects against high-fat diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice.
|
Obesity is a major cause of metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes, and it presents with metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a protein isolated from retinal pigment epithelial cells, has multiple functions, including neuronal protection, antineoplastic effects, and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the antiobesity effects of PEDF. The antiobesity effects of PEDF on fat accumulation, inflammation, energy expenditure, insulin resistance, and obesity-related physiological parameters and protein levels were assessed in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice in vivo and in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, palmitate (PA)-treated HepG2 cells, and C2C12 myotubes in vitro. In an in vivo assay, PEDF effectively decreased body weight gain, white adipose tissue mass, and inflammation and improved insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in HFD-induced mice. In liver tissue, PEDF decreased lipid accumulation and fibrosis. In an in vitro assay, PEDF diminished the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. We also determined that PEDF promoted lipolysis and prolonged cell cycle progression, through the mTOR-S6K pathway and downstream transcription factors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein á (CEBP-á), and CEBP-â. In addition, PEDF decreased reactive oxygen species production in PA-induced HepG2 cells and improved glucose uptake ability in PA-induced HepG2 cells and C2C12 myotubes. In the present study, PEDF protected against HFD-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice, inhibited adipogenesis, and improved insulin resistance. These results provide a new potential treatment for obesity in the future.
|
['3T3-L1 Cells', 'Adipocytes', 'Adipogenesis', 'Adipose Tissue', 'Animals', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Clone Cells', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Eye Proteins', 'Fatty Liver', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Metabolic Diseases', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Obesity', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Palmitic Acid', 'Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases', 'Serpins', 'Signal Transduction', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 31,121,128
|
[['A11.251.210.100.775.800', 'A11.329.228.100.775.800'], ['A11.329.114'], ['G04.152.149'], ['A10.165.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251.353'], ['G07.203.650.240.267'], ['D12.776.306'], ['C06.552.241'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['C18.452'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D10.251.694.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.862', 'D12.644.360.600', 'D12.776.476.600'], ['D12.644.861', 'D12.776.872', 'D27.505.519.389.745.800.675'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Esomeprazole for the Treatment of GERD in Infants Ages 1-11 Months.
|
OBJECTIVES: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is present in pediatric patients when reflux of gastric contents causes troublesome symptoms and/ or complications. The present study evaluates the efficacy and safety of esomeprazole in infants ages 1 to 11 months with GERD.METHODS: In this multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, treatment-withdrawal study, infants received open-label, weight-adjusted doses of esomeprazole (2.5-10 mg) once daily for 2 weeks. Infants with symptom improvement were randomized to esomeprazole (weight-adjusted doses [2.5-10 mg]) or placebo for 4 weeks. The primary endpoint was time to discontinuation owing to symptom worsening based on global assessments by the parent/guardian and physician. Adverse events were recorded.RESULTS: Of the 98 patients enrolled, 81 (82.7%) experienced symptom improvement determined by physician global assessment (PGA) during open-label esomeprazole treatment; 80 entered the double-blind phase. During this phase, discontinuation rates owing to symptom worsening were 48.8% (20/41) for placebo-treated versus 38.5% (15/39) for esomeprazole-treated patients (hazard ratio 0.69; P = 0.28). Posthoc analysis of infants with symptomatic GERD (ie, no diagnostic procedure performed) revealed that time to discontinuation was significantly longer with esomeprazole than placebo (hazard ratio 0.24; P = 0.01); the complementary subgroup difference was not significant (hazard ratio 1.39; P = 0.48). Esomeprazole was well tolerated.CONCLUSIONS: The discontinuation rate owing to symptom worsening did not differ significantly between infants receiving esomeprazole versus those receiving placebo. Improved diagnostic criteria in this age group are needed to identify infants with GERD who may benefit from acid suppression therapy.
|
['Double-Blind Method', 'Esomeprazole', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Proton Pump Inhibitors']
| 26,121,349
|
[['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.886.640.074.500.500', 'D03.383.725.024.500.500', 'D03.633.100.103.034.500.500'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D27.505.519.389.848']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ammonia Nitrogen Added to Diets Deficient in Dispensable Amino Acid Nitrogen Is Poorly Utilized for Urea Production in Growing Pigs.
|
Background: Including ammonia in low-crude protein (CP) diets deficient in dispensable amino acid (DAAs) increases nitrogen retention in growing pigs.Objective: We investigated the absorption and metabolism of dietary ammonia nitrogen in the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver of pigs fed a diet deficient in DAA nitrogen.Methods: Eight pigs with an initial mean ± SD body weight (BW) of 26.5 ± 1.4 kg were surgically fitted with 4 catheters each (portal, hepatic and mesenteric veins, and carotid artery). The pigs were fed (2.8 ? 191 kcal/kg BW0.60), for 7 d and every 8 h, a diet deficient in DAA nitrogen supplemented with increasing amounts of ammonia nitrogen (CP: 7.76%, 9.27%, and 10.77%; indispensable amino acid nitrogen:total nitrogen ratio: 0.71, 0.59, and 0.50 for control and low- and high-ammonia diets, respectively). The treatment sequence was based on a Latin square design with 3 consecutive periods. On the last day of each period, blood flows in the portal and hepatic veins were determined with a continuous infusion of ñ-amino hippuric acid into the mesenteric vein. Serial blood samples were taken to determine ammonia and urea nitrogen concentration. Net balances of ammonia and urea nitrogen were calculated for the PDV and liver.Results: Cumulative (8 h) ammonia nitrogen appearance in the portal vein increased (P ? 0.05) with ammonia intake (433, 958, and 1629 ± 60 mg ammonia nitrogen/meal for control and low- and high-ammonia diets, respectively). The cumulative hepatic uptake of ammonia nitrogen increased (P ? 0.05) with ammonia nitrogen supply. The cumulative urea nitrogen appearance in the hepatic vein tended to increase (P ? 0.10) only in high-ammonia treatment (-92.5, -59.4, and 209.7 ± 92 mg urea nitrogen/meal for control and low- and high-ammonia diets, respectively) and, relative to the control diet, represented -6.0% and 11% of ammonia nitrogen intake.Conclusion: Dietary ammonia nitrogen is poorly utilized for urea production across splanchnic organs when pigs are fed diets deficient in DAA nitrogen.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Ammonia', 'Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Diet', 'Male', 'Swine', 'Urea']
| 29,021,372
|
[['D12.125'], ['D01.362.075', 'D01.625.050'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Colored-speech synaesthesia is triggered by multisensory, not unisensory, perception.
|
Although it is estimated that as many as 4% of people experience some form of enhanced cross talk between (or within) the senses, known as synaesthesia, very little is understood about the level of information processing required to induce a synaesthetic experience. In work presented here, we used a well-known multisensory illusion called the McGurk effect to show that synaesthesia is driven by late, perceptual processing, rather than early, unisensory processing. Specifically, we tested 9 linguistic-color synaesthetes and found that the colors induced by spoken words are related to what is perceived (i.e., the illusory combination of audio and visual inputs) and not to the auditory component alone. Our findings indicate that color-speech synaesthesia is triggered only when a significant amount of information processing has occurred and that early sensory activation is not directly linked to the synaesthetic experience.
|
['Adult', 'Association', 'Attention', 'Color Perception', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Illusions', 'Male', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Phonetics', 'Semantics', 'Sound Spectrography', 'Speech Acoustics', 'Speech Perception']
| 19,476,587
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.425.069', 'F04.754.720.346'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.593.932.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.762.400', 'C23.888.592.604.764.400', 'F01.700.750.400', 'F02.463.593.446'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['L01.559.598.518'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['E05.855'], ['G11.561.812.650', 'G11.561.820'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Electron microscopic study of the unique features and structural-morphologic relationship of canine bone marrow.
|
Electron microscopy revealed several unique features in canine bone marrow, compared with that of other species. The marrow was fatty and extensively trabeculated and was enclosed by a complete layer of endosteal bone-lining cells. Branched reticular cells were closely associated with each other and, occasionally, covered part of the sinus wall as an adventitial layer. The extent of adventitial coverage varied markedly and was less extensive, compared with that of other species. On average, only 23% of the sinus wall was covered by adventitial layer, in contrast to 65% reported in laboratory animals. Unilaminar sinuses, with no adventitial coverage, accounted for greater than 38% of all sinuses. Quantitative analysis indicated that 60% of the latter sinuses contained apertures, as opposed to 35% of sinuses with adventitial coverage (P less than 0.05). Moreover, the number of apertures in unilaminar sinuses was significantly (P less than 0.009) greater than that in multilaminar sinuses. Apertures were observed every 59 microns in unilaminar sinuses, in contrast to every 109 microns in multilaminar sinuses. Approximately 75% of the apertures were occupied by cells in transit, and only 25% were free of cells. Macrophages were distributed throughout the marrow and were closely associated with all blood cell lines. Occasionally, cells that entered the lumen were not fully mature. Erythroblasts were seen migrating across the wall and within the lumen of sinuses. The less-extensive adventitial coverage in canine bone marrow might indicate that the rate of cell delivery from the marrow into the circulation was relatively high in this species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow', 'Dogs', 'Endothelium', 'Erythroblasts', 'Erythrocytes', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Macrophages', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning']
| 2,919,819
|
[['B01.050'], ['A15.382.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A10.272.491'], ['A11.148.378.590.837.250.200', 'A11.443.240.497.200', 'A15.378.316.378.590.837.250.200'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plague in a black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes).
|
Diagnosis of sylvatic plague in a captive black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) was based on gross and microscopic lesions, fluorescent antibody tests, culture of Yersinia pestis, and immunohistochemistry. Gross lesions consisted of acute hemorrhage and necrosis associated with cervical and mesenteric lymph nodes, subcutaneous hemorrhages, and pulmonary edema. Acute edema, hemorrhage, and necrosis with numerous bacteria in blood vessels and sinusoids characterized microscopic lesions. Occurrence of fatal plague in a black-footed ferret potentially has significant implications for recovery of this endangered species due to the widespread distribution of plague in prairie dog colonies throughout historic black-footed ferret range.
|
['Animals', 'Ferrets', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Plague', 'Wyoming', 'Yersinia pestis']
| 7,760,495
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.575.350'], ['A04.411'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.980.390', 'C01.920.906'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.925'], ['B03.440.450.425.900.600', 'B03.660.250.150.950.580']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effect of Midtreatment PET/CT-Adapted Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase 2 Clinical Trial.
|
Importance: Our previous studies demonstrated that tumors significantly decrease in size and metabolic activity after delivery of 45 Gy of fractionated radiatiotherapy (RT), and that metabolic shrinkage is greater than anatomic shrinkage. This study aimed to determine whether 18F-fludeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) acquired during the course of treatment provides an opportunity to deliver higher-dose radiation to the more aggressive areas of the tumor to improve local tumor control without increasing RT-induced lung toxicity (RILT), and possibly improve survival.Objective: To determine whether adaptive RT can target high-dose radiation to the FDG-avid tumor on midtreatment FDG-PET to improve local tumor control of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Design, Setting, and Participants: A phase 2 clinical trial conducted at 2 academic medical centers with 42 patients who had inoperable or unresectable stage II to stage III NSCLC enrolled from November 2008, to May 2012. Patients with poor performance, more than 10% weight loss, poor lung function, and/or oxygen dependence were included, providing that the patients could tolerate the procedures of PET scanning and RT.Intervention: Conformal RT was individualized to a fixed risk of RILT (grade >2) and adaptively escalated to the residual tumor defined on midtreatment FDG-PET up to a total dose of 86 Gy in 30 daily fractions. Medically fit patients received concurrent weekly carboplatin plus paclitaxel followed by 3 cycles of consolidation.Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary end point was local tumor control. The trial was designed to achieve a 20% improvement in 2-year control from 34% of our prior clinical trial experience with 63 to 69 Gy in a similar patient population.Results: The trial reached its accrual goal of 42 patients: median age, 63 years (range, 45-83 years); male, 28 (67%); smoker or former smoker, 39 (93%); stage III, 38 (90%). Median tumor dose delivered was 83 Gy (range, 63-86 Gy) in 30 daily fractions. Median follow-up for surviving patients was 47 months. The 2-year rates of infield and overall local regional tumor controls (ie, including isolated nodal failure) were 82% (95% CI, 62%-92%) and 62% (95% CI, 43%-77%), respectively. Median overall survival was 25 months (95% CI, 12-32 months). The 2-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 52% (95% CI, 36%-66%) and 30% (95% CI, 16%-45%), respectively.Conclusions and Relevance: Adapting RT-escalated radiation dose to the FDG-avid tumor detected by midtreatment PET provided a favorable local-regional tumor control. The RTOG 1106 trial is an ongoing clinical trial to validate this finding in a randomized fashion.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01190527.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Carboplatin', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Chemoradiotherapy', 'Dose Fractionation, Radiation', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paclitaxel', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Precision Medicine', 'Radiotherapy, Conformal', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,570,742
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D02.257.125'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E02.186.079', 'E02.319.164', 'E02.815.160'], ['E02.815.639.200'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['E02.782', 'H02.403.200.700'], ['E02.815.635.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Racial disparities in survival after lung transplantation.
|
CONTEXT: Racial disparities have not been comprehensively evaluated among recipients of lung transplantation.OBJECTIVES: To describe the association between race and lung transplant survival and to determine whether racial disparities have changed in the modern (2001-2009) compared with the historical (1987-2000) transplant eras.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS: A retrospective cohort study of 16 875 adults who received primary lung transplants from October 16, 1987, to February 19, 2009, was conducted using data from the United Network of Organ Sharing.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: We measured the risk of death after lung transplant for nonwhites compared with whites using time-to-event analysis.RESULTS: During the study period, 14 858 white and 2017 nonwhite patients underwent a lung transplant; they differed significantly at baseline. The percentage of nonwhite transplant recipients increased from 8.8% (before 1996) to 15.0% (2005-2009). In the historical era, 5-year survival was lower for nonwhites than whites (40.9% vs 46.9%). Nonwhites were at an increased risk of death independent of age, health and socioeconomic status, diagnosis, geographic region, donor organ characteristics, and operative factors (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.30). In subgroup analysis of the historical era, blacks had worsened 5-year survival compared with whites (39.0% vs 46.9%) and black women had worsened survival compared with white women (36.9% vs 48.9%). In the modern transplant era, survival improved for all patients. However, a greater improvement among nonwhites has eliminated the disparities in survival between the races (5-year survival, 52.5% vs 51.6%).CONCLUSION: In contrast to the historical era, there was no significant difference in lung transplant survival in the modern era between whites and nonwhites.
|
['Adult', 'African Americans', 'Cause of Death', 'Cohort Studies', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Status Disparities', 'Healthcare Disparities', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lung Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'United States', 'Waiting Lists']
| 21,422,359
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['I01.240.425.675', 'N01.224.425.437', 'N06.850.505.400.425.675'], ['N04.590.374.380', 'N05.300.493'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['E04.928.600.495', 'E04.936.450.495'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Germination behavior, biochemical features and sequence analysis of the RACK1/arcA homolog from Phaseolus vulgaris.
|
Partial peptide sequence of a 36 kDa protein from common bean embryo axes showed 100% identity with a reported beta-subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein from soybean. Analysis of the full sequence showed 96.6% identity with the reported soybean G(beta)-subunit, 86% with RACK1B and C from Arabidopsis and 66% with human and mouse RACK1, at the amino acid level. In addition, it showed 85.5, 85 and 83% identities with arcA from Solanum lycopersicum, Arabidopsis (RACK1A) and Nicotiana tabacum, respectively. The amino acid sequence displayed seven WD40 domains and two sites for activated protein kinase C binding. The protein showed a constant expression level but the mRNA had a maximum at 32 h post-imbibition. Western immunoblotting showed the protein in vegetative plant tissues, and in both microsomal and soluble fractions from embryo axes. Synthetic auxin treatment during germination delayed the peak of RACK1 mRNA expression to 48 h but did not affect the protein expression level while the polar auxin transport inhibitor, naphtylphtalamic acid had no effect on either mRNA or protein expression levels. Southern blot and genomic DNA amplification revealed a small gene family with at least one member without introns in the genome. Thus, the RACK1/arcA homolog from common bean has the following features: (1) it is highly conserved; (2) it is both soluble and insoluble within the embryo axis; (3) it is encoded by a small gene family; (4) its mRNA has a peak of expression at the time point of germination stop and (5) its expression is only slightly affected by auxin but unaffected by an auxin transport blocker.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Plant', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Germination', 'Humans', 'Indoleacetic Acids', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Neuropeptides', 'Phaseolus', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Proteins', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Receptors for Activated C Kinase', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 19,832,940
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.435'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.066.288', 'D03.633.100.473.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.644.400', 'D12.776.631.650'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.649'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.826.313'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Percutaneous fixation of unstable pelvic ring disruption under CT guidance].
|
CT-guided percutaneous osteosynthesis of posterior disruption of an unstable pelvic ring is an alternative to the fluoroscopically guided procedure or to open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), which is the technique of choice for unstable pelvic fracture with disruption of the sacroiliac joint or fracture of the sacral wing. However, ORIF has a high rate of morbidity and mortality, and the CT-guided procedure involves less blood loss and has a lower rate of infectious and postoperative complications. CT guidance of the percutaneous technique also has significant advantages over fluoroscopic guidance. The critical point is the placement of the guidewire inside the sacral body through the external surface of the iliac wing and of the fracture line or sacroiliac diastasis. We describe and illustrate the procedure through three cases, two sacroiliac articular disruptions and a fracture of the sacral wing.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pelvic Bones', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,303,484
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.043.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Analytical Interference Leading to a Diagnosis of Lymphoproliferative Disorder].
|
BACKGROUND: Monoclonal immunoglobulins (paraproteins) are produced by B lymphocytes in lymphoproliferative disorders. A single monoclonal immunoglobulin is homogeneous in terms of its structure, and it can occur in human serum at high concentration and cause significant interference in laboratory assays.CASE: We present a case of an 84-year-old man who was admitted to the hospital for progression of dyspnea. Basic laboratory tests showed a serum concentration of conjugated bilirubin, measured using the diazo spectrophotometric method, which was much higher than that of total bilirubin. The cause of the discrepancy was attributed to analytical interference by monoclonal immunoglobulins, which helped establish a diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorder.CONCLUSION: Monoclonal immunoglobulins are relatively rare in serum but are an important cause of analytical interference. Monoclonal immunoglobulins should always be considered a source of interference when unexpectedly high, low, or contradictory data are encountered, and appropriate confirmatory tests (electrophoresis, imunofixation) should be performed in such circumstances. Failure to do so can result in errors in diagnosis and inadequate treatment. Conversely, when samples contain abnormal and especially high monoclonal immunoglobulin levels, the biochemical data should be carefully examined for any discrepancies, such as paraprotein interference, and the results should be taken into consideration in patient management.Key words: paraproteins - lymphoproliferative disorders - bilirubin - interferenceThe authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest concerning drugs, products, or services used in the study.The Editorial Board declares that the manuscript met the ICMJE recommendation for biomedical papers.Submitted: 22. 1. 2016Accepted: 1. 12. 2016.
|
['Aged, 80 and over', 'Bilirubin', 'Humans', 'Lymphoproliferative Disorders', 'Male', 'Paraproteins', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 28,185,466
|
[['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C15.604.515', 'C20.683.515'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.900', 'D12.776.124.790.651.900', 'D12.776.377.715.548.900'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[VEGF serum concentration in pregnant women with hypertension].
|
UNLABELLED: Arterial hypertension is the main reason of mothers and fetals mortality rate. The main aim of the study was to find the correlation between the VEGF concentration and the risk of hypertension in pregnancy.MATERIAL AND METHODS: the study was conduced in High Risk Pregnancy Department Medical University of Lodz in 2001-2004. The study group consist of pregnant women with arterial hypertension. VEGF concentration and arterial blood pressure were measured. The measurement was done every 4 weeks starting from 20 week of gestation, VEGF kit was used. The measurement was done spectrofotometrically.RESULTS: In the group of obese pregnant women we found the correlation between VEGF concentrations and blood pressure.CONCLUSION: In the group of pregnant women, the risk of HA was correlated with VEGF concentrations.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced', 'Obesity', 'Poland', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Third', 'Pregnancy, High-Risk', 'Prenatal Care', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', "Women's Health"]
| 17,378,125
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.395', 'C14.907.489.480'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.520'], ['G08.686.784.769.500'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['N01.400.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Analysis of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score in a liver transplantation waiting list.
|
BACKGROUND: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) was introduced in 1999 to quantify the 3-month prognosis of cirrhotic patients after a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). Because of the imbalance between organ donors and patients on the waiting list, the MELD was adopted by the United States in 2002 to allocate liver grafts for transplantation. Preliminary results have indicated a reduction in waiting list deaths and an increase in transplantation rates for candidates. Seeking to find a new model to predict death on the waiting list and after liver transplantation, retrospective studies have examined MELD scores in waiting list patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the MELD scores of patients on the liver waiting list for comparisons between transplanted patients.PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed analyzing 131 registrations of 127 orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) patients (4 underwent retransplantation) grafted between November 2000 and January 2006, excluding 24 patients: 2 had urgent retransplantations due to hepatic artery thrombosis and 22 had incomplete data. These patients were divided into 3 groups: group I (transplanted patients)-53 patients underwent 55 OLT; group II-29 patients who died on the waiting list; group III-patients on the waiting list including 23 patients still waiting as of the date of the study.RESULTS: The main indication for OLT was hepatitis C virus cirrhosis (50.50%), followed by alcoholic liver cirrhosis (23.30%), cryptogenic cirrhosis (12.60%), autoimmune hepatitis (5.80%), hepatitis B virus cirrhosis (4.85%), and primary biliary cirrhosis (2.91%). Group I: MELD score 15.62 (range, 6-39) on admission to the list, and 18.87 (range, 7-39) at transplantation. The mean waiting time for OLT was 478.39 days (range, 2-1270 days). The 38 patients who survived underwent 39 OLT (1 retransplantation). The MELD score at entrance to the list was 14.62 (range, 7-30) and at transplantation, 17.70 (range, 7-39). The mean time between admission to the list and transplantation was 505.37 days (range, 6-1270 days). The 15 patients who died had received 16 OLT (1 retransplantation). Their MELD scores were 17.80 (range, 6-39) and 21.81 (range, 9-39) at admission to the list and at transplantation, respectively, with a mean time on the waiting list of 417.93 days (range, 2-872 days). Group II: 29 patients died before OLT, at a mean age of 52.60 years (range, 22-67 years). Their MELD score was 19.24 (range, 7-45), and the interval between admission to the waiting list and death was 249.55 days (range, 3-1247 days). Group III: 23 patients still active on the OLT waiting list at the time of study displayed a mean MELD score of 13.65 (range, 6-28) and 354.30 days (range, 2-905 days) waiting until the moment. In conclusion, MELD score at the time of admission to the waiting list was higher among those patients who died either awaiting a liver graft (19.24) or after OLT (17.80) compared with those who survived after OLT (14.60) or are still awaiting OLT (13.65).
|
['Humans', 'Liver Cirrhosis', 'Liver Failure, Acute', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Waiting Lists']
| 17,954,160
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.630', 'C23.550.355.412'], ['C06.552.308.500.750'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['N04.452.095.738']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Blood use in patients undergoing repeat coronary artery bypass graft procedures: multivariate analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: The prevailing clinical opinion is that patients undergoing repeat coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation require more blood transfusions than do patients undergoing primary CABG operation. To determine the extent of this increased demand and the variables responsible for it, the cases of 196 patients who had undergone primary procedures and 65 patients who had had repeat procedures at the same institution were reviewed.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To analyze the differences in transfusion requirements for these two groups, the following data were obtained: number of transfusions given between the time of surgery and the time of hospital discharge; preoperative hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), prothrombin time, and platelet count; Hb and Hct at hospital discharge; time the patient was on cardiopulmonary bypass; number and type of grafts; estimates of intraoperative blood loss; and chest-tube blood shed during the first 48 hours after surgery.RESULTS: The groups were comparable with respect to age, body weight, preoperative Hb and Hct, number of grafts, and aspirin exposure. Patients in the repeat group had 35-percent greater blood loss and required 75-percent more blood components than did the patients undergoing primary procedures. The mean number of blood components transfused per patient was as follows: red cells, 3.8 +/- 0.5 units in repeat patients and 2.2 +/- 0.2 units in primary patients (p = 0.002); platelets, 2.9 +/- 0.9 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.2 (p = 0.043); fresh-frozen plasma, 1.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 0.8 +/- 0.1 (p = 0.044). Analysis of variables by regression method for repeat patients showed a predictive effect of blood loss (p < 0.0001), prolonged time on cardiopulmonary bypass (p < 0.0001), preoperative Hb (p = 0.0003), and aspirin exposure (p = 0.0094) on red cell transfusion rate in repeat patients (R-square = 0.7778, Prob > f = 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Repeat CABG patients have higher transfusion rates. These findings may be attributed to the increased microvascular bleeding, prolonged time on cardiopulmonary bypass, lower preoperative Hb, and the use of preoperative antiplatelet medications.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Loss, Surgical', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Erythrocyte Transfusion', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plasma', 'Platelet Transfusion', 'Regression Analysis', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 7,570,916
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.414.300', 'C23.550.505.300'], ['E02.095.135'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['E02.095.135.140.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['E02.095.135.140.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Association of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in Asians: evidence of 12,255 subjects.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship of the MTHFR polymorphisms (C677T) and the risk of CRC by meta-analysis.METHODS: Relevant literatures concerning the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and the risk of CRC were searched using the electronic database PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Odds ratio (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were determined to assess the gene-disease association using fixed or random effect models, according to the heterogeneity among included studies.RESULTS: The study shows that the MTHFR 677 TT homozygous genotype significantly decreases the risk of CRC in Asians (TT vs. CC: OR = 0.82, 95 % CI 0.73-0.92; TT vs. CT: OR = 0.84, 95 % CI 0.75-0.94; TT vs. CC+TT: OR = 0.83, 95 % CI 0.75-0.93).CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis indicated that the MTHFR 677 TT homozygous genotype decreased the risk of CRC in Asians, while the MTHFR 677 CT heterozygous genotype did not contribute to CRC susceptibility.
|
['Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors']
| 24,193,867
|
[['M01.686.508.200'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.662.290', 'D12.776.331.775'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A genomics approach reveals the global genetic polymorphism, structure, and functional diversity of ten accessions of the marine model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
|
Diatoms emerged in the Mesozoic period and presently constitute one of the main primary producers in the world's ocean and are of a major economic importance. In the current study, using whole genome sequencing of ten accessions of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, sampled at broad geospatial and temporal scales, we draw a comprehensive landscape of the genomic diversity within the species. We describe strong genetic subdivisions of the accessions into four genetic clades (A-D) with constituent populations of each clade possessing a conserved genetic and functional makeup, likely a consequence of the limited dispersal of P. tricornutum in the open ocean. We further suggest dominance of asexual reproduction across all the populations, as implied by high linkage disequilibrium. Finally, we show limited yet compelling signatures of genetic and functional convergence inducing changes in the selection pressure on many genes and metabolic pathways. We propose these findings to have significant implications for understanding the genetic structure of diatom populations in nature and provide a framework to assess the genomic underpinnings of their ecological success and impact on aquatic ecosystems where they play a major role. Our work provides valuable resources for functional genomics and for exploiting the biotechnological potential of this model diatom species.
|
['Diatoms', 'Ecosystem', 'Genome', 'Genomics', 'Metabolic Networks and Pathways', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 31,624,346
|
[['B01.750.200'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G05.360.340'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G03.493'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 1
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Prevalence of Traumatic Findings on Routine MRI in a Large Cohort of Professional Fighters.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies investigating MR imaging abnormalities among fighters have had small sample sizes. This investigation assessed a large number of fighters using the same conventional sequences on the same scanner.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conventional 3T MR imaging was used to assess 499 fighters (boxers, mixed martial artists, and martial artists) and 62 controls for nonspecific WM changes, cerebral microhemorrhage, cavum septum pellucidum, and cavum vergae. The lengths of the cavum septum pellucidum and cavum vergae and the ratio of cavum septum pellucidum to the septum pellucidum lengths were assessed.RESULTS: The prevalence of nonspecific WM changes was similar between groups. Fighters had a prevalence of cerebral microhemorrhage (4.2% versus 0% for controls, P = .152). Fighters had a higher prevalence of cavum septum pellucidum versus controls (53.1% versus 17.7%, P < .001) and cavum vergae versus controls (14.4% versus 0%, P < .001). The lengths of the cavum septum pellucidum plus the cavum vergae (P < .001), cavum septum pellucidum (P = .025), and cavum septum pellucidum to the septum pellucidum length ratio (P = .009) were higher in fighters than in controls. The number of fights slightly correlated with cavum septum pellucidum plus cavum vergae length (R = 0.306, P < .001) and cavum septum pellucidum length (R = 0.278, P < .001). When fighters were subdivided into boxers, mixed martial artists, and martial artists, results were similar to those in the whole-group analysis.CONCLUSIONS: This study assessed MR imaging findings in a large cohort demonstrating a significantly increased prevalence of cavum septum pellucidum among fighters. Although cerebral microhemorrhages were higher in fighters than in controls, this finding was not statistically significant, possibly partially due to underpowering of the study.
|
['Adult', 'Boxing', 'Brain Injuries, Traumatic', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Intracranial Hemorrhages', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Martial Arts', 'Prevalence', 'Septum Pellucidum', 'White Matter']
| 28,473,342
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I03.450.642.845.210'], ['C10.228.140.199.444', 'C10.900.300.087.235', 'C26.915.300.200.194'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C10.228.140.300.535', 'C14.907.253.573', 'C23.550.414.913'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['I03.450.642.845.560'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['A08.186.211.140.814', 'A08.186.211.180.750.900', 'A08.186.211.200.885.750.814'], ['A08.186.211.204', 'A08.186.854.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Sonographic investigation of anatomical specimens of infant hip joints.
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The anatomical foundations of infant hip sonography techniques are ill-defined. We investigated anatomical specimens of infant hip joints in a water bath, with Graf's and Terjesen's methods. Acetabular position was varied in defined increments, with respect to the ultrasound beam. The alpha angles and the femoral head coverage were measured. Plastic acetabular casts were sawn along the sonographic section planes, and the cut sections compared with the sonographic sections. For images to be obtained, which were analysable by the two methods, the ultrasound beam had to intersect with the acetabular inlet plane at defined angles. The acetabular notch had to be anteriorly rotated from the ultrasound beam plane by at least 20 degrees. Beam entry within a 50 degrees sector posterior to the perpendicular on the inlet plane gave analysable images. The alpha angles and femoral head coverage were much affected by coronal-plane transducer tilt. Caudad tilts were associated with lesser values, a fact that should be borne in mind in clinical ultrasound investigations.
|
['Acetabulum', 'Cadaver', 'Hip Joint', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Rotation', 'Transducers', 'Ultrasonography']
| 12,089,495
|
[['A02.835.232.043.825.108'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['A02.835.583.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G01.482.703'], ['E07.305.812'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Intracellular domains of a rat brain GABA transporter that govern transport.
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Plasma membrane neurotransmitter transporters determine in part the concentration, time course, and diffusion of extracellular transmitter. Much has been learned about how substrate translocation through the transporter occurs; however, the precise way in which transporter structure maps onto transporter function has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, biochemical and electrophysiological approaches were used to test the hypothesis that intracellular domains of the rat brain GABA transporter (GAT1) contribute to the transport process. Injection of a peptide corresponding to the presumed fourth intracellular loop of the transporter (IL4) into oocytes expressing GAT1 greatly reduced both forward and reverse transport and reduced the transport rate in a dose-dependent manner. Coinjection of the IL4 peptide with a peptide corresponding to the N-terminal cytoplasmic tail of GAT1 reversed the IL4-mediated inhibition; this reversal, and direct binding between these two domains, was prevented by mutagenesis of charged residues in either the IL4 or N-terminal domains. Furthermore, syntaxin 1A, a soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) protein that inhibits GAT1 transport rates via interactions with the N-terminal tail of GAT1 was unable to regulate the GAT1 IL4 mutant. Together, these data suggest a model in which the GAT1 IL4 domain serves as a barrier for transport, and this barrier can be regulated through intra-molecular and inter-molecular interactions.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Biological Transport', 'Brain', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Oocytes', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein Transport', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Syntaxin 1', 'Xenopus', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 15,102,923
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301'], ['G03.143'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.139', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.139', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.750'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D12.776.543.512.249.500.500.700', 'D12.776.543.990.775.500.500.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Mapping human interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha 2) binding determinants of the type I interferon receptor subunit IFNAR-1 with human/bovine IFNAR-1 chimeras.
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Type I interferons bind to a common receptor (IFNAR), composed of two transmembrane polypeptides, IFNAR-1 and IFNAR-2. Although human IFNAR-1 has a weak intrinsic affinity for human Type I interferons (IFNs), bovine IFNAR-1 binds human Type I IFNs with moderate (nM) affinity, and can be conveniently used to investigate the regions of IFNAR-1 involved in ligand binding. We have constructed 14 bovine/human IFNAR-1 chimeras by exchanging homologous subdomains in the extracellular portion of the receptor. These chimeras were expressed at very high levels on COS cells, and their ability to bind HuIFN-alpha2 was measured. No single bovine subdomain substituted into human IFNAR-1 could confer moderate-affinity ligand binding on the resulting chimera. Simultaneous substitution of bovine IFNAR-1 subdomains 2 and 3 for the homologous human subdomains resulted in a dramatic increase in the binding of IFN-alpha2, suggesting that critical determinants for moderate-affinity ligand binding by BoIFNAR-1 reside in these two subdomains. Bovine subdomains 1 and/or 4 each further enhanced IFN-alpha2 binding in the presence of bovine subdomains 2 and 3. Thus, the binding interactions of BoIFNAR-1 with IFNs appears to be more complex than that of other class II cytokine receptors with their ligands.
|
['Animals', 'COS Cells', 'Cattle', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Interferon-alpha', 'Ligands', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Peptide Mapping', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta', 'Receptors, Interferon', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins']
| 9,737,881
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890.250', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890.250', 'D23.529.374.440.890.250'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E05.196.181.400.454.720', 'E05.196.401.319.720', 'E05.196.700', 'E05.393.760.705.685'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.400'], ['D12.776.828.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Privacy Act of 1974; report of new system--HCFA. Notice of new system of records.
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In accordance with the requirements of the Privacy Act of 1974, we are proposing to establish a new system of records, called "End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Managed Care Demonstration System," HHS/HCFA/OSP No. 09-70-0067. We have provided background information about the proposed new system in the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section below. Although the Privacy Act requires only that the "routine uses" portion of the system be published for comment, HCFA invites comments on all portions of this notice.
|
['Capitation Fee', 'Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.', 'Data Collection', 'Databases, Factual', 'Forms and Records Control', 'Health Maintenance Organizations', 'Humans', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Medicare', 'Pilot Projects', 'United States']
| 10,181,712
|
[['N03.219.442.090'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.310', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.550'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['N04.452.758.708.200.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.800.400', 'N03.219.521.576.343.925.400', 'N04.452.758.244.425', 'N04.590.374.410.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.663', 'N03.219.521.576.343.840', 'N03.706.615.696'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
EPR kinetic studies of superoxide radicals generated during the autoxidation of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium, a bioactivated intermediate of parkinsonian-inducing neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.
|
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium (MPDP+), a metabolic product of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), has been shown to generate superoxide radicals during its autoxidation process. The generation of superoxide radicals was detected as a 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO).O2- spin adduct by spin trapping in combination with EPR techniques. The rate of formation of spin adduct was dependent not only on the concentrations of MPDP+ and oxygen but also on the pH of the system. Superoxide dismutase inhibited the spin adduct formation in a dose-dependent manner. The ability of DMPO to trap superoxide radicals, generated during the autoxidation of MPDP+, and of superoxide dismutase to effectively compete with this reaction for the available O2-, has been used as a convenient competition reaction to quantitatively determine various kinetic parameters. Thus, using this technique the rate constant for scavenging of superoxide radical by superoxide dismutase was found to be 7.56 x 10(9) M-1 s-1. The maximum rate of superoxide generation at a fixed spin trap concentration using different amounts of MPDP+ was found to be 4.48 x 10(-10) M s-1. The rate constant (K1) for MPDP+ making superoxide radical was found to be 3.97 x 10(-6) s-1. The secondary order rate constant (KDMPO) for DMPO-trapping superoxide radicals was found to be 10.2 M-1 s-1. The lifetime of superoxide radical at pH 10.0 was calculated to be 1.25 s. These values are in close agreement to the published values obtained using different experimental techniques. These results indicate that superoxide radicals are produced during spontaneous oxidation of MPDP+ and that EPR spin trapping can be used to determine the rate constants and lifetime of free radicals generated in aqueous solutions. It appears likely that the nigrostriatal toxicity of MPTP/MPDP+ leading to Parkinson's disease may largely be due to the reactivity of these radicals.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine', 'Cyclic N-Oxides', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Free Radicals', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Mathematics', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Parkinson Disease, Secondary', 'Pyridinium Compounds', 'Spin Labels', 'Superoxides']
| 1,331,093
|
[['D03.383.725.450'], ['D03.661.243'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['H01.548'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.800', 'C10.228.662.600.700'], ['D03.383.725.762'], ['D02.389.678'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The ultra early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by the enhanced substantia nigra echo.
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OBJECTIVE: Our objective is to determine the value of enhanced substantia nigra echo in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease by analyzing the intensity and area of substantia nigra echo by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCS).PATIENTS AND METHODS: 36 patients diagnosed as ultra early stage Parkinson's disease between 2013 November and 2014 August were selected as the disease group, and 32 healthy people with the similar representation of age and gender were selected as the control group. TCS was used to detect the echo intensity and the echo intensity of the same location of bilateral hemicerebrum was used to evaluate the bilateral substantia nigra echo. The age and gender were also used for correlation analysis with the results of substantia nigra echo.RESULTS: In the control group, there were 17 patients of substantia nigra echo grade I (53.1%), 13 cases of substantia nigra echo grade II (40.6%), 2 cases of substantia nigra echo grade III (6.3%). While in the disease group, there were 4 cases of substantia nigra echo grade II (11.1%), 13 cases of substantia nigra echo grade III (36.1%), 12 cases of substantia nigra echo grade IV (33.3%) and 7 cases of substantia nigra echo grade V (19.4%). The ratio of enhanced substantia nigra echo in Parkinson's disease patients was significantly higher than the control group. The analysis of the factors related to motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients revealed that the area of bilateral substantia nigra echo was negatively correlated with gender, but positively correlated with age, S/M ratio and UPDRS II score. However, there was no correlation with H-Y stage. The sensitivity of substantia nigra echo in diagnosing Parkinson's disease was 32/36=88.89% and the specificity was 30/32 = 93.75%.CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of substantia nigra echo is practically useful for the diagnosis of the ultra early stage Parkinson's disease, which can potentially improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis to significantly enhance the early clinical prevention and reduce later disability.
|
['Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial']
| 26,698,260
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E01.390'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.260.850', 'E01.370.350.700.560.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.260.850', 'E01.370.350.850.850.870', 'E01.370.376.537.750.260.850', 'E05.629.937.260.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Depression of the respiratory burst in alveolar and peritoneal macrophages after thermal injury.
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The resting O(2) consumption of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages obtained from rats at 4 and 24 h after thermal injury was unaltered from control values. However, when heat-killed Pseudomonas aeruginosa or polystyrene latex particles were added to the cell suspensions to initiate phagocytosis, a significant depression in the respiratory burst accompanying the phagocytic event was demonstrated. The addition of phorbol myristate acetate, used to maximize the respiratory response, was ineffective in elevating, to control values, the respiratory burst of macrophages obtained from burned animals. The deficit was only, in part, serum mediated since the responses could not be restored to control values even when the cells from the burned animals were vigorously washed with control serum and incubated with control serum. The contribution of a burn serum factor, which was non-dialyzable, heat stable at 56 degrees C but not at 65 degrees C, and insensitive to pronase treatment, must be considered. These data indicate that thermal injury results in macrophage metabolic alterations which are mediated, in part, by a burn serum factor. Furthermore, the data suggest that pulmonary alveolar macrophages are more sensitive to thermal injury than peritoneal macrophages. Serum factors contributed, in part, to this observed impairment in the respiratory burst as indicated by: (i) an approximate 50% reversal of the impairment by control serum, and (ii) an approximate decrease of 50 to 80% in the control alveolar macrophage respiratory burst when serum from the thermally injured rats was added to the culture medium.
|
['Animals', 'Burns', 'Macrophages', 'Male', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Peritoneum', 'Phagocytosis', 'Phorbol Esters', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Rats', 'Stimulation, Chemical', 'Time Factors']
| 7,228,387
|
[['B01.050'], ['C26.200'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['G03.680'], ['A01.923.047.025.600', 'A10.615.789.596'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510'], ['A04.411.715'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G07.690.773.996'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia: prognostic implications and diagnostic overlap.
|
The files of 120 hospitalized patients who had participated in drug studies between 1964 and 1966 were examined without knowledge of the patient's subsequent history. These patients, who had originally been diagnosed by DSM-II criteria, were retrospectively diagnosed by New York Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), the New Haven Schizophrenia Index (NHSI), the St. Louis criteria, Bland and Orn's modification of the St. Louis critera, Schneider's first rank symptoms (FRS) criteria, and the 12-point "Flexible" system developed by the Washington field center of the International Pilot Study of Schizophrenia. By RDC criteria, 12 patients were diagnosed as major depressive disorders and the remaining 108 patients were diagnosed either schizophrenias, schizoaffective disorders, or unspecified functional psychoses. Of these 108, 97 were also diagnosed schizophrenic or schizoaffective by at least three other sets of critera. Ten-year followups were obtained on 82 (68%) of the 120 patients. Outcome was not significantly predicted by either presence or number of FRS, by an NHSI diagnosis of schizophrenia, or by a diagnosis of schizophrenia using the 12-point Flexible system with a 5-point cutoff. However, a significant relationship was found with the St. Louis criteria and the Bland-Orn score obtained from these criteria. An even higher correlation was found between followup and the Stephens-Astrup scale and the Strauss-Carpenter prognostic scale. RDC and DSM-II diagnoses were also significantly correlated with followup but to a lesser degree.
|
['Adult', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Phenothiazines', 'Prognosis', 'Psychotic Disorders', 'Schizophrenia', 'Schizophrenic Psychology', 'Social Adjustment']
| 6,106,252
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['E02.319.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['D02.886.369', 'D03.633.300.783'], ['E01.789'], ['F03.700.675'], ['F03.700.750'], ['F04.824'], ['F01.145.813.621']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Establishment of correlation between in-silico and in-vitro test analysis against Leishmania HGPRT to inhibitors.
|
Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT; EC 2.4.2.8) is a central enzyme in the purine recycling pathway of all protozoan parasites. Protozoan parasites cannot synthesize purine bases (DNA/RNA) which is essential for survival as lack of de-novo pathway. Thus its good target for drug design and discovery as inhibition leads to cessation of replication. PRTase (transferase enzyme) has common PRTase type I folding pattern domain for its activities. Genomic studies revealed the sequence pattern and identified highly conserved residues that catalyzed the reaction in protozoan parasites. A recombinant protein has 24 kDa molecular mass (rLdHGPRT) was cloned, expressed and purified for testing of guanosine monophosphate (GMP) analogous compounds in-vitro by spectroscopically to the rLdHGPRT, lysates protein and MTT assay on Leishmania donovani. The predicted inhibitors of different libraries were screen into FlexX. The reported inhibitors were tested in-vitro. The 2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate (DGD) (IC50 value 12.5 ìM) is two times more effective when compared to guanosine-5'-diphosphate sodium (GD). Interestingly, LdHGPRT complex has shown stable after 24 ns in molecular dynamics simulation with interacting amino acids are Glu125, Ile127, Lys87 and Val186. QSAR studies revealed the correlation between predicted and experimental values has shown R2 0.998. Concludes that inversely proportional to their docked score with activities.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Computer Simulation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Guanosine Diphosphate', 'Guanosine Monophosphate', 'Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase', 'Leishmania donovani', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 26,616,453
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.393.220'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.340', 'D13.695.667.454.340', 'D13.695.827.426.340'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.400', 'D13.695.667.454.400', 'D13.695.827.426.400'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.450'], ['B01.268.475.868.488.230'], ['D12.776.828'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparative study of pain in heart failure and non-heart failure veterans.
|
BACKGROUND: Progress has been made in addressing pain in specific diseases such as cancer, but less attention has focused on understanding pain in nonmalignant states, including heart failure (HF).METHODS AND RESULTS: From March 2006 to June 2007, 672 veterans were surveyed and scores for the Brief Pain Inventory, pain distress, clinically significant pain levels (moderate to severe pain), and pain locations were compared using univariate and multivariate models. Fifteen percent of the final sample had HF (95/634). In our study, the HF patients were older (P < .000), reported lower levels of general health (P = .018), had more co-morbidities (P < .000), were more likely to have a history of cancer (P = .035), and suffered more chest pain and fewer headaches (P = .026, P = .03, respectively) than their non-HF cohorts. When controlling for age, co-morbidity and cancer disorders, HF and non-HF patients did not differ in pain severity, interference, distress or locations. Of the patients currently experiencing pain, 67.3% of HF patients and 68.4% of non-HF patients rated their pain as moderate or severe (pain >or=4 on a 0 to 10 scale).CONCLUSIONS: Although HF has not been identified as a painful condition, this study suggests the burden of pain is significant for both HF and non-HF ambulatory care patients.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Analysis of Variance', 'California', 'Chronic Disease', 'Comorbidity', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Palliative Care', 'Pilot Projects', 'United States', 'Veterans', 'Young Adult']
| 19,181,290
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['M01.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The spectrum of hematologic malignancies involving the pancreas: potential clinical mimics of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
|
Hematologic malignancies often involve the pancreas, causing potential diagnostic pitfalls and, rarely, potentially avoidable surgical resection. We review the spectrum of hematologic malignancies involving the pancreas and describe features useful in preoperative distinction from adenocarcinoma. Archived clinical, pathologic, and radiologic data (1965 to present) for hematologic malignancies involving the pancreas were reviewed and compared with the data for 157 surgically resected pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Of 42 cases, 27 (64%) were clinically "suspicious" for hematologic malignancies. Of the remaining 15 cases, 4 patients underwent resection for presumed pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Isolated pancreatic masses proved most difficult to identify clinically. Significant factors in distinguishing hematologic malignancies from adenocarcinoma included history of hematologic malignancy, young age, large tumor size, low CA19-9 level, B symptoms, and lack of jaundice or diabetes mellitus. Various hematologic malignancies involve the pancreas, most commonly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Pancreatic masses are usually correctly identified clinically. Preoperative and operative sampling is strongly recommended when hematologic malignancies cannot be excluded.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse', 'Lymphoproliferative Disorders', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Sarcoma, Myeloid']
| 22,338,053
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.585', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.585', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.585'], ['C15.604.515', 'C20.683.515'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.612'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['C04.557.337.539.775', 'C04.557.450.795.853']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Borderline Personality Disorder, trauma and EMDR].
|
The authors step by the diagnostic criteria for Borderline Personality Disorder, viewing them from the perspective of the Adaptive Information Processing e pointing them as a guide for exploration and search of traumatic interpersonal events connected to attachment story and which can be addressed by the therapeutic work with EMDR.
|
['Borderline Personality Disorder', 'Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing', 'Humans', 'Mental Processes', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic']
| 22,622,276
|
[['F03.675.100'], ['F04.754.137.506.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463'], ['F03.950.750.500']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Paradoxical effects of Sendai virus DI RNA size on survival: inefficient envelopment of small nucleocapsids.
|
In the assembly of nonsegmented negative-stranded RNA viruses, such as Sendai virus, the envelopment process allows extensively deleted genomes to survive by transmission from cell to cell in virus particles. To assess the impact of the sizes of such defective-interfering (DI) genomes on their survival, we performed competition tests among various species. Among copy-back DI RNAs, a 450-base species was gradually eliminated from DI virions by a 1200-base species, and the latter was independently eliminated by a 2800-base species. In each case, the smaller RNA species was synthesized and encapsidated at least as efficiently as the larger species, revealing that the level of competition was at the envelopment step in virus assembly. In contrast to the results obtained with the copy-back DI RNAs, repeated high multiplicity passage of a family of four internally deleted RNAs eliminated all but the smallest species, comprising about 1600 bases. Both sets of findings can be reconciled by the hypothesis that the efficiency of DI nucleocapsid envelopment decreases progressively when the RNA is smaller than about 1600 bases.
|
['Binding, Competitive', 'Capsid', 'Defective Viruses', 'Molecular Weight', 'Morphogenesis', 'Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human', 'RNA, Viral', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Viral Core Proteins', 'Virus Replication']
| 2,841,791
|
[['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['A21.249.500.250'], ['B04.265'], ['G02.494'], ['G07.345.500'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.650.700.715'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D12.776.964.970.600.850'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Meeting the challenge of Easy-to-Read language - Translating the North Rhine-Westphalian Public Health Report 2015 into Easy-to-Read language].
|
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities determines amongst others the right of access to information. Information for the general public must be made accessible for persons with disabilities in formats and technologies appropriate to different kinds of disabilities. The language poses the largest barrier for people with learning difficulties. Therefore, we translated parts of the Public Health Report 2015 of North Rhine-Westphalia into an Easy-to-Read language.The translation was performed by a professional translation agency in cooperation with an assessment group, composed by people with learning problems, and the NRW Centre for Health (LZG.NRW).During the translation the population health monitoring group of the LZG.NRW experienced several challenges. The scope of these challenges and the chosen solutions are described in detail in this paper.RESULTS: 3 challenges were experienced clearly during the translation of the Public Health Report: (1) (Large) numbers and rates are a key element in population health monitoring but they should be avoided in texts in Easy-to-Read language. (2) The translation of the age-standardization approach and the related effects appeared to be difficult. (3) Finding the right balance between the description of lifestyle influences and the influence of the wider health determinants as well as finding a non-discriminatory wording regarding the influence of social health determinants were challenging.The following approaches were chosen to counteract these challenges: (1) We avoided to report numbers and rates. In some cases simple fractions are presented. In addition, all of these fractions were explained and visualized in the introductory section of the translated report. (2) We resigned to describe time trends. In some cases time trends were mentioned as crude rates and an explanation of potential effects (e.g., demographic change) was added. If gender specific differences occurred in the crude and age-standardised rates, we described the age-standardised differences. (3) The relativization of direct and striking formulations regarding the influence of the social health determinants and the inclusion of recommendations related to the scope of upstream determinants needed to be recognized and incorporated.CONCLUSION: Translating a public health report into Easy-to-Read language is a challenging process. Continuous and smooth cooperation between translators, the assessment group and the authors of the original report is mandatory to be successful.
|
['Delivery of Health Care', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Public Health', 'Translating']
| 29,253,917
|
[['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['L01.559.423.796']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Genomic characterization of human brain metastases identifies drivers of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma.
|
Brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma (BM-LUAD) frequently cause patient mortality. To identify genomic alterations that promote brain metastases, we performed whole-exome sequencing of 73 BM-LUAD cases. Using case-control analyses, we discovered candidate drivers of brain metastasis by identifying genes with more frequent copy-number aberrations in BM-LUAD compared to 503 primary LUADs. We identified three regions with significantly higher amplification frequencies in BM-LUAD, including MYC (12 versus 6%), YAP1 (7 versus 0.8%) and MMP13 (10 versus 0.6%), and significantly more frequent deletions in CDKN2A/B (27 versus 13%). We confirmed that the amplification frequencies of MYC, YAP1 and MMP13 were elevated in an independent cohort of 105 patients with BM-LUAD. Functional assessment in patient-derived xenograft mouse models validated the notion that MYC, YAP1 or MMP13 overexpression increased the incidence of brain metastasis. These results demonstrate that somatic alterations contribute to brain metastases and that genomic sequencing of a sufficient number of metastatic tumors can reveal previously unknown metastatic drivers.
|
['Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Animals', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell Line', 'DNA Copy Number Variations', 'Female', 'Genes, myc', 'Genomics', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 13', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Transcription Factors', 'Whole Exome Sequencing']
| 32,203,465
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['B01.050'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G05.365.795.297.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.420'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.550', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.363', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.550', 'D12.644.276.848.550', 'D12.776.467.836.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D12.776.930'], ['E05.393.760.700.825.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of ischemia and ischemia--reperfusion on ryanodine binding and Ca2+ uptake of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum.
|
The effect of 15 min of global, normothermic ischemia on 3H-ryanodine binding and the oxalate-supported Ca2+ uptake of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) was investigated in parallel using ventricular homogenates of isolated perfused rat hearts. Ischemia increased the Ca2+ efflux under the uptake assay conditions, as demonstrated by the greater stimulation of Ca2+ uptake by high concentrations of ryanodine (+RY) to close the SR Ca2+ channel. This effect was partially reversed by reperfusion. Ischemia depressed Ca2+ uptake rate -RY at free [Ca2+] of 0.4 microM and above, while the depression + RY was significant only above 10 microM Ca2+. We tested the hypothesis that inhibition of the Ca-ATPase alone, by adding thapsigargin or cyclopiazonic acid, could reproduce the effects of ischemia on the homogenate Ca2+ uptake rate. Thapsigargin or cyclopiazonic acid proportionally depressed Ca2+ uptake rate +RY and -RY and produced distinctly different effects of ischemia. Ischemia did not change the Bmax or Kd for equilibrium 3H-ryanodine binding, or the Hill coefficient or KCa for the [Ca2+]-dependence of equilibrium 3H-ryanodine binding. The rate of ryanodine binding, measured under the uptake conditions, was increased by ischemia and further increased by reperfusion. The effect of ischemia on the rate and extent of equilibrium binding to the high-affinity ryanodine binding site were unrelated to the highly reproducible effects on SR Ca2+ uptake rates measured in the homogenate.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Male', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Myocardial Reperfusion Injury', 'Myocardium', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Ryanodine', 'Sarcoplasmic Reticulum']
| 8,523,456
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['C14.280.238.615', 'C14.280.647.625', 'C14.907.585.625', 'C14.907.725.600', 'C23.550.767.877.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.455.849.291.686', 'D03.132.740', 'D03.383.129.578.805'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.850', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.248.310.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The nature of cytoplasmic vacuoles in chordoma cells. A correlative enzyme and electron microscopic histochemical study.
|
Enzyme histochemical study revealed that a sacrococcygeal chordoma not only was rich in oxidoreductive enzymes but also in the enzymes (phosphorylase, hexokinase, phosphoglucomutase, glucose phosphate isomerase and UDP-glucose dehydrogenase) leading to the synthesis of stromal glycosaminoglycans from glycogen. UDP-glucose dehydrogenase is particularly important in oxidizing UDP-glucose to UDP-glucuronic acid, the building block of hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfates. These enzymatic activities were consistent with the ultrastructural findings of abundant membrane-bound glycogen as well as large intracytoplasmic vacuoles with occasional residual glycogen particles. Furthermore, ultrastructural histochemical study using high iron diamine (HID) specifically localized the sulfated glycosaminoglycans (SG) extracellularly as well as intracellularly in distended Golgi saccules and 187-320 nm mature secretory vesicles. No HID staining was noted in the large intracytoplasmic vacuoles or rough endoplasmic reticulum. This study not only supports the hypothesis that the vacuoles of physaliphorous cells are the result of breakdown and utilization of membrane bound glycogen in the biosynthesis of SG, but also demonstrates that intracellular synthesis and storage of SG in chordoma are not in large vacuoles as previous investigators have believed.
|
['Aged', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Chordoma', 'Coccyx', 'Cytoplasm', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Sacrum', 'Vacuoles']
| 2,287,590
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C04.557.465.220'], ['A02.835.232.834.229'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A02.835.232.834.717'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sudden visual loss associated with clostridial bacteraemia.
|
A patient with endogenously acquired Clostridium septicum panophthalmitis is presented. The patient exhibited a striking sequence of signs and symptoms associated with this devastating ocular infection. Intensive antibiotic therapy was ineffective and enucleation of the globe was required. The microscopic pathology of the enucleated globe showed extensive infarction and necrosis of ocular structures in association with the panophthalmitis. In addition thrombosis of the central retinal artery and of choroidal vessels was observed.
|
['Aged', 'Blindness', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Clostridium Infections', 'Eye', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Optic Nerve', 'Panophthalmitis', 'Sepsis']
| 3,395,597
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.597.751.941.162', 'C11.966.075', 'C23.888.592.763.941.162'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['C01.150.252.410.222'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['C01.150.252.289.900.675', 'C01.150.703.320.900.675', 'C01.375.354.900.675', 'C01.375.450.900.675', 'C11.294.354.900.675', 'C11.294.450.900.675', 'C11.941.879.960.580'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mutations at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin after the pathogenicity of influenza virus A/chick/Penn/83 (H5N2).
|
Six variants that form plaques in chick embryo cells in the absence of trypsin have been isolated from the apathogenic avian influenza virus A/chick/Pennsylvania/1/83 (H5N2). Unlike the wild-type, the plaque variants contain a hemagglutinin that is cleaved in chick embryo cells and MDCK cells. The variants differ also from the wild-type in their pathogenicity for chickens. Nucleotide sequence and oligosaccharide analysis of the hemagglutinin have revealed that, unlike natural isolates with increased pathogenicity (Y. Kawaoka et al., 1984, Virology 139, 303-316; Y. Kawaoka and R. G. Webster, 1985, Virology 146, 130-137), the variants obtained in vitro have retained an oligosaccharide at asparagine 11 that is believed to interfere with the cleavage site of the wild-type. However, all variants showed mutations in the hemagglutinin resulting in an increased number of basic groups at the cleavage site. These observations demonstrate that masking of the cleavage site by an oligosaccharide is overcome by an enhancement of the basic charge at the cleavage site.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chickens', 'Genes, Viral', 'Hemagglutinins, Viral', 'Influenza A Virus, H5N2 Subtype', 'Influenza A virus', 'Influenza in Birds', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutation', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Trypsin', 'Viral Plaque Assay']
| 2,916,326
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['D12.776.964.970.880.345', 'D23.050.327.461'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.505'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400'], ['C01.925.782.620.300', 'C22.131.450'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D09.698.629'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895'], ['E01.370.225.875.970.790', 'E05.200.875.970.790']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Local effect of the corpus luteum on ovarian follicular functional and morphological features in the goat.
|
Ovaries of unilaterally ovulated goats (n=21) were used to study follicular morphological features (proportion and degree of atresia, oestradiol production in vitro and progesterone production of granulosa cells in culture). Follicles were dissected out and classified as small (1-2 mm), medium (2-4 mm) and large (>4 mm). Morphological and physiological features were compared in each size class between ovaries bearing and not bearing corpora lutea (CLO and NCLO, respectively). Within the same size class, there was no difference in proportion or in degree of atresia, between CLO and NCLO. A significant effect of follicular size on oestradiol production in vitro was detected, but no effect of the corpus luteum was found. Finally, progesterone production of granulosa cells in culture was significantly higher in CLO than in NCLO after 24 h (p < 0.05) and also after 90 h (p < 0.01) of culture. This higher progesterone production by CLO granulosa cells in culture could be explained by local influence of the corpus luteum stimulating the steroidogenic activity but not aromatase activity. Further studies are needed to clarify possible factors and pathways for this local effect of the corpus luteum upon follicular physiology.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Corpus Luteum', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Follicular Atresia', 'Goats', 'Granulosa Cells', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Progesterone']
| 11,555,360
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.278', 'A06.300.312.497.278'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535.200', 'A06.300.312.497.535.300', 'A11.382.812', 'A11.436.329'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
BIN2 functions redundantly with other Arabidopsis GSK3-like kinases to regulate brassinosteroid signaling.
|
GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE3 (GSK3) is a highly conserved serine/threonine kinase involved in a variety of developmental signaling processes. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome encodes 10 GSK3-like kinases that are clustered into four groups. Forward genetic screens have so far uncovered eight mutants, all of which carry gain-of-function mutations in BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2), one of the three members in group II. Genetic and biochemical studies have implicated a negative regulatory role for BIN2 in brassinosteroid (BR) signaling. Here, we report the identification of eight ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized loss-of-function bin2 alleles and one T-DNA insertional mutation each for BIN2 and its two closest homologs, BIN2-Like1 and BIN2-Like2. Our genetic, biochemical, and physiological assays revealed that despite functional redundancy, BIN2 plays a dominant role among the three group II members in regulating BR signaling. Surprisingly, the bin2bil1bil2 triple T-DNA insertional mutant still responds to BR and accumulates a more phosphorylated form of a BIN2 substrate than the wild-type plant. Using the specific GSK3 inhibitor lithium chloride, we have provided strong circumstantial evidence for the involvement of other Arabidopsis GSK3-like kinases in BR signaling. Interestingly, lithium chloride treatment was able to suppress the gain-of-function bin2-1 mutation but had a much weaker effect on a strong BR receptor mutant, suggesting the presence of a BIN2-independent regulatory step downstream of BR receptor activation.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Brassinosteroids', 'Cholestanols', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3', 'Lithium Chloride', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Mutant Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinases', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Signal Transduction', 'Steroids, Heterocyclic', 'Suppression, Genetic']
| 19,395,409
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.756.071', 'D10.570.938.795.071', 'D23.704.500.071'], ['D04.210.500.247.100'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D05.500.117.875', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625', 'D12.644.360.300.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875', 'D12.776.476.300.500'], ['D01.210.450.150.450', 'D01.510.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['D12.776.602'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D04.210.500.925'], ['G05.365.590.835', 'G05.558.835']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of stent type on hemodynamic depression after carotid artery stent placement.
|
PURPOSE: To assess the effect of stent type on hypotension and bradycardia after carotid artery stent placement.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis on a prospectively maintained database was conducted in 256 patients (126 men; mean age, 71.8 years +/- 8.6; 194 de novo lesions) undergoing carotid artery stent placement between January 1996 and January 2007 by using self-expanding stents. Braided Elgiloy stents (Wallstents) were used in 44 of the 256 patients (17.2%) and slotted-tube nitinol stents were deployed in 212 (82.8%). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the influence of stent design on procedural and 24-hour hypotension and bradycardia.RESULTS: Procedural hemodynamic depression (HD) was encountered in 73 of the 256 patients (28.5%) due to hypotension in 24 (9.4%), bradycardia in 12 (4.7%), or both in 37 (14.5%) patients. Rates of procedural hypotension were 11.3% with nitinol stents and 0% with braided Elgiloy stents (P = .0188). Persistent postprocedural HD occurred in 91 of the 256 patients (35.5%) due to hypotension in 40 patients (15.6%), bradycardia in 23 (9.0%), or both in 28 (10.9%). Within a multivariable analysis adjusted for clinically relevant factors affecting rates of HD, the use of braided Elgiloy stents was associated with a decreased rate of procedural hypotension (odds ratio: 0.165; 95% confidence interval: 0.038, 0.721; P = .017). Procedural hypotension and bradycardia were not correlated to incidence of major adverse events but were associated with an increased duration of hospital stay (P = .0059 and P = .0335, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Nitinol stents are associated with a higher risk of hypotension as compared to braided Elgiloy stents during carotid artery stent placement.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alloys', 'Angioplasty, Balloon', 'Bradycardia', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Incidence', 'Length of Stay', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Odds Ratio', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Stents', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,192,464
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D01.552.033', 'D25.058', 'J01.637.051.058'], ['E02.148.050.060', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060', 'E04.502.382.124.060', 'E05.157.016.060'], ['C14.280.067.319', 'C23.550.073.300'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E07.695.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Resistin induces rat insulinoma cell RINm5F apoptosis.
|
Beta-cell apoptosis induced by adipokines may result in beta-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. Resistin, an adipokine-linked obesity with type 2 diabetes, impairs glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in beta-cells. Presently, the effects of resistin on rat insulinoma cells RINm5F were examined. Treatment of RINm5F with resistin induced cell damage. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) protected resistin-mediated cytotoxicity in RINm5F. Incubation with resistin up-regulated caspase-3 activity and induced the formation of a DNA ladder. TIMP-1 attenuated these effects. The molecular mechanism of TIMP-1 inhibition of resistin-mediated cytotoxicity appeared to involve Akt phosphorylation and activation of IkB-alpha phosphorylation. Resistin treatment suppressed Akt phosphorylation and activated IkB-alpha phosphorylation, which could be attenuated by TIMP-1. We conclude that resistin can induce beta-cell apoptosis and that resistin-related beta-cell apoptosis can be prevented by TIMP-1.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Caspase 3', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Enzyme Activation', 'I-kappa B Proteins', 'Insulinoma', 'NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha', 'NF-kappa B', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Rats', 'Resistin', 'Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 18,839,335
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.346'], ['G05.200.230'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D12.644.360.365', 'D12.776.260.420', 'D12.776.476.381', 'D12.776.930.326'], ['C04.557.470.035.100.852', 'C04.588.274.761.249.500', 'C04.588.322.475.249.500', 'C06.301.761.249.500', 'C06.689.667.249.500', 'C19.344.421.249.500'], ['D12.644.360.365.500', 'D12.776.260.420.500', 'D12.776.476.381.500', 'D12.776.930.326.500'], ['D05.500.672', 'D12.776.260.600', 'D12.776.660.600', 'D12.776.930.600'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D06.472.699.042.750', 'D12.644.276.024.750', 'D12.644.548.011.750', 'D12.776.467.024.750', 'D23.529.024.750'], ['D12.776.645.875.450'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The natural history of patients treated for TWIST1-confirmed Saethre-Chotzen syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with Saethre-Chotzen syndrome have a heterogeneous phenotype. The purpose of this study was to use the genotypic diagnosis of the authors' series of patients with TWIST1-confirmed Saethre-Chotzen syndrome to describe their natural history and long-term surgical outcomes.METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on patients treated at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia with TWIST1-confirmed Saethre-Chotzen syndrome (n = 22) over 23 years (1985 to 2008). Their phenotype, need for primary cranial vault remodeling surgery, and subsequent need for reoperation were recorded. Genetic records were reviewed to identify each patient's TWIST1 mutation.RESULTS: There were nine female patients and 13 male patients. Ten had bicoronal (45 percent), six had unicoronal (27 percent), and four had multisuture (18 percent) craniosynostosis. One had metopic and another had sagittal craniosynostosis. Average follow-up was 7.6 years (range, birth to 19.6 years). Seventeen (77 percent) underwent initial cranial vault remodeling and 10 (59 percent) required repeat intracranial vault remodeling (Whitaker class IV). One patient required major reoperation with bone grafting (Whitaker class III). Three patients needed minor revision procedures (Whitaker class II). Three patients needed no further intervention (Whitaker class I). The locations of the TWIST1 gene mutations in this study did not correlate to a specific surgical outcome.CONCLUSIONS: TWIST1-confirmed Saethre-Chotzen syndrome is heterogeneous and manifests as either mild or severe craniofacial deformities. Our patients with TWIST1-confirmed Saethre-Chotzen syndrome had a reoperation rate of 65 percent for Whitaker class III and IV surgical outcome, and 59 percent required a secondary intracranial procedure for recurrent supraorbital retrusion.
|
['Acrocephalosyndactylia', 'Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cranial Sutures', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Mutation', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Phenotype', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Reoperation', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Twist-Related Protein 1', 'Young Adult']
| 19,952,666
|
[['C05.116.099.370.894.232.015', 'C05.116.099.370.894.819.100', 'C05.660.207.240.100', 'C05.660.585.800.100', 'C05.660.906.364.100', 'C05.660.906.819.100', 'C16.131.621.207.240.100', 'C16.131.621.585.800.100', 'C16.131.621.906.364.100', 'C16.131.621.906.819.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['A02.835.232.781.200'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G05.308.310'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G05.695'], ['E04.680'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D12.776.260.103.906.250', 'D12.776.930.125.906.250'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rare and fatal complication of Gianturco tracheobronchial stent.
|
Tracheobronchial stents are increasingly being used for the management of compromised large airways. Traditionally they have been used to palliate malignant conditions; however, they are now being used more frequently for nonmalignant conditions. The use of Gianturco self-expanding metal stent (William Cook, Bjaeverskov, Denmark) has been challenged for treatment of tracheobroncheomalacia, as fracture of the metal work could prove fatal. In this report we describe a case of fracture in the metal framework of a Gianturco stent resulting in recurrent pneumothoraces; heralding fatal haemoptysis as a result of perforation of the left subclavian artery.
|
['Bronchial Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Metals', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumothorax', 'Stents', 'Tracheal Stenosis']
| 17,954,110
|
[['C08.127'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.552'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.528.778'], ['E07.695.750'], ['C08.907.663']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of noncompliance with urate-lowering drug on serum urate and gout-related healthcare costs: administrative claims analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between allopurinol compliance and serum urate (sUA) level; and examine the association between sUA and gout-related healthcare costs in a large managed care population.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This retrospective administrative claims analysis examined subjects with gout (> or = 2 medical claims with ICD-9-CM diagnosis code 274.xx or > or = 1 claim with a gout diagnosis and > or = 1 pharmacy claim for allopurinol, probenecid, colchicine, or sulfinpyrazone) between January 1, 2002 and March 31, 2004. Each subject was observed during 1-year pre-index and 1-year post-index periods.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Outcomes were allopurinol medication possession ratio (MPR) and compliance (MPR > or = 0.80), sUA (mg/dL), and gout-related healthcare costs. 'Post-allopurinol' sUA was measured during three periods after the first observed allopurinol fill: 30-89 days; 90-149 days; > or = 150 days. A baseline sUA on or before the start of the post-index period was also identified. Outcomes were stratified by post-allopurinol or baseline sUA and compliance. Generalized linear modeling (GLM) regression measured the impact of baseline sUA on gout-related healthcare costs, controlling for demographic and health status variables.RESULTS: The study sample comprised 18,243 subjects with mean age of 53.9 years. In all, 55% (n = 10,073) of subjects used allopurinol. There were 1473 (8.1%) subjects with a post-allopurinol sUA and 2438 (13.4%) subjects with a baseline sUA result. Among all subjects with a post-allopurinol sUA, 45.6% were compliant; between 49.3% and 56.8% of compliant subjects had an sUA < 6.0 mg/dL compared with 22.5-27.8% of non-compliant subjects, depending on the post-allopurinol time period (all p < 0.001). GLM results showed gout-related costs associated with baseline sUA > or = 6.0 and < 9.0 mg/dL were 58% higher (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.012 -2.456; p = 0.044) than were costs for sUA < 6.0 mg/dL. There was no significant difference in gout-related costs between baseline sUA < 6.0 mg/dL and > or = 9.0 mg/dL.CONCLUSIONS: Analysis revealed an important associations between allopurinol compliance, sUA, and gout-related costs: compliance was positively associated with favorable sUA (<6.0 mg/dL) in unadjusted comparisons. GLM showed that baseline sUA < 6.0 was inversely associated with gout-related costs relative to baseline sUA > or = 6.0 and <9.0 mg/dL. Nevertheless, a substantial portion of subjects, even compliant ones, did not achieve sUA < 6.0 mg/dL. These results should be interpreted carefully in light of study limitations, including incomplete laboratory data, the potentially incorrect inference that medications were taken as prescribed, and lack of generalizability from Medicare managed care enrollees to the broader Medicare population.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Allopurinol', 'Comorbidity', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Gout', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Insurance Claim Review', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Uric Acid', 'Uricosuric Agents', 'Young Adult']
| 19,485,724
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D03.633.100.759.160'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C05.550.114.423', 'C05.550.354.500', 'C05.799.414', 'C16.320.565.798.368', 'C18.452.648.798.368'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.576.215'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877'], ['D27.505.954.329.337.900', 'D27.505.954.613.860'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Localization of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: specific protector of the mineralocorticoid receptor in mammalian olfactory mucosa.
|
The enzyme 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta HSD) plays a major role in the protection of the mineralocorticoid (type I) receptor. The cellular mechanism of aldosterone selectivity relies on the coexpression of mineralocorticoid receptors and 11 beta HSD in the same cells. In the current study, 11 beta HSD activity was localized in the mammalian olfactory mucosa by a histochemical technique which links steroid metabolism with the deposition of formazan. The histochemical reaction results from oxidation of the synthetic substrate 11 beta-hydroxyandrostenedione and is dependent on nicotine-adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This demonstrates the presence of a dehydrogenase activity separate from the nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP)-dependent 11 beta HSD. In the olfactory mucosa, the presence of NAD-dependent 11 beta HSD activity is localized to the sustentacular cells and acinar cells of Bowman's glands. No definite NAD-dependent activity was demonstrated in the olfactory receptor neurons. These data suggest that mineralocorticoid receptors present in acinar cells and sustentacular cells are aldosterone selective.
|
['11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases', 'Animals', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases', 'Male', 'Olfactory Mucosa']
| 9,349,873
|
[['D08.811.682.047.436.174', 'D08.811.682.047.820.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['D08.811.682.047.436'], ['A04.531.520.573', 'A04.760.600.640', 'A09.531.623', 'A10.615.550.760.600.640']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Perceptual incongruity and social interaction as determinants of infants' reaction to novel persons.
|
To investigate the contrary position of perceptual incongruity and social interaction theories regarding birth order and reactions to novel persons within the first year of life, novel persons were presented to 96 first and later borns 8 and 12 months of age. Because firstborns, exposed to more positive social interaction within the family within the first year of life, were more positive towards strangers than were the later borns, the authors concluded that by the end of the first year of life the nature of the infant's social interaction within the family, rather than the number of perceptual encounters, is the major determinant of infants' reaction to novel persons in their enviornment.
|
['Attention', 'Awareness', 'Birth Order', 'Child Behavior', 'Cognition', 'Crying', 'Facial Expression', 'Family', 'Fear', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Movement', 'Social Environment', 'Visual Perception']
| 1,206,385
|
[['F02.830.104.214'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['F01.829.263.132', 'I01.240.361.160', 'N01.224.361.160', 'N06.850.505.400.400.160'], ['F01.145.179'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F01.145.209.530.258', 'F01.525.200.310.300'], ['E01.370.600.225', 'F01.145.209.530.385'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['F01.470.361'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A system-level simulator for indoor mmW SAR imaging and its applications.
|
Recently, the research interest in indoor active millimeter wave (mmW) imaging by applying the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technique is increasing. However, there is a lack of proper computer-aided design (CAD) tools at the system level, and almost all the R&D activities rely on experiments solely. The high cost of such a system stops many researchers from investigating such a fascinating research topic. Moreover, the experiment-oriented studies may blind the researchers to some details during the imaging process, since in most cases they are only interested in the readout from the receivers and do not know how the waves perform in reality. To bridge such a gap, we propose a modeling approach at mmW frequencies, which is able to simulate the physical process during SAR imaging. We are not going to discuss about advanced image reconstruction algorithms, since they have already been investigated intensively for decades. To distinguish from previous work, for the first time, we model the data acquisition process in a SAR imaging system successfully at mmW frequencies. We show how to perform some system-level studies based on such a simulator via a common PC, including the influence of reflectivity contrast between object and background, sampling step, and antenna's directivity on image quality. The simulator can serve system design purposes and it can be easily extended to THz frequencies.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Computer-Aided Design', 'Electric Power Supplies', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Radar']
| 23,188,346
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.224.108.150', 'L01.296.110.150'], ['E07.305.124'], ['E05.599'], ['L01.178.847.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Parkinson disease: description of an interdisciplinary program of functional group rehabilitation].
|
Neurorehabilitation for Parkinson's disease, in the form of physical and occupational therapy, has long been advocated but also seriously questioned with respect to its specific content, its mechanisms, its efficacy and its costs. Many factors may be put forward to explain the lack of consensus surrounding these interventions, including the multiplicity of different programs proposed, the scarcity of controlled studies available and the inadequacy of some assessment methods used. In this article, we describe a new neurorehabilitation program for Parkinson's disease which is characterized by some original features. In particular, the specific functional patients' needs were taken into account instead of the symptoms related to the condition, therapeutic interventions favoured a multidisciplinary approach, patients trained in groups rather than individually, the program combined different methods and was continuously evolving over time, and finally we used simple but goal-oriented measurement methods to assess efficacy. The study included 22 patients. Statistically significant positive results were obtained by the end of the program, suggesting that the program in its current form was indeed capable to generate a functional benefit of sufficient magnitude to be objectively detected by the assessment methods used. In our opinion, our data emphasizes the usefulness of specific neurorehabilitation programs in the global management of Parkinson's disease.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Group Processes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parkinson Disease']
| 15,088,559
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.829.316'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fuji apple storage time rapid determination method using Vis/NIR spectroscopy.
|
Fuji apple storage time rapid determination method using visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy was studied in this paper. Vis/NIR diffuse reflection spectroscopy responses to samples were measured for 6 days. Spectroscopy data were processed by stochastic resonance (SR). Principal component analysis (PCA) was utilized to analyze original spectroscopy data and SNR eigen value. Results demonstrated that PCA could not totally discriminate Fuji apples using original spectroscopy data. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) spectrum clearly classified all apple samples. PCA using SNR spectrum successfully discriminated apple samples. Therefore, Vis/NIR spectroscopy was effective for Fuji apple storage time rapid discrimination. The proposed method is also promising in condition safety control and management for food and environmental laboratories.
|
['Food Storage', 'Malus', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared']
| 25,874,818
|
[['J01.576.423.200.387'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.937.500.444'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Quantitative investigation of the affinity of human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein C-terminus binding to nucleocapsid protein.
|
BACKGROUND: There are no approved small molecule drug therapies for human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), a cause of morbidity and mortality in at-risk newborns, the immunocompromised, and the elderly. We have investigated as a potential novel hRSV drug target the protein-protein interaction between the C-terminus of the viral phosphoprotein (P) and the viral nucleocapsid protein (N), components of the ribonucleoprotein complex that contains, replicates, and transcribes the viral RNA genome. Earlier work by others established that the 9 C-terminal residues of P are necessary and sufficient for binding to N.METHODS: We used a fluorescence anisotropy assay, surface plasmon resonance and 2-D NMR to quantify the affinities of peptides based on the C terminus of P for RNA-free, monomeric N-terminal-truncated N(13-391). We calculated the contributions to the free energies of binding of P to N(13-391) attributable to the C-terminal 11 residues, phosphorylation of the C-terminal 2 serine residues, the C-terminal Asp-Phe, and the phenyl ring of the C-terminal Phe.RESULTS: Binding studies confirmed the crucial role of the phosphorylated C-terminal peptide D(pS)DNDL(pS)LEDF for binding of P to RNA-free, monomeric N(13-391), contributing over 90% of the binding free energy at low ionic strength. The phenyl ring of the C-terminal Phe residue contributed an estimated -2.7 kcal/mole of the free energy of binding, the C-terminal Asp-Phe residues contributed -3.8 kcal/mole, the sequence DSDNDLSLE contributed -3.1 kcal/mole, and phosphorylation of the 2 Ser residues contributed -1.8 kcal/mole. Due to the high negative charge of the C-terminal peptide, the affinity of the P C-terminus for N(13-391) decreased as the ionic strength increased.CONCLUSIONS: The results support the idea that the interaction of the C-terminal residues of P with N constitutes a protein-protein interaction hotspot that may be a suitable target for small-molecule drugs that inhibit viral genome replication and transcription.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Binding Sites', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Nucleoproteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Binding', 'Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections', 'Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human', 'Viral Structural Proteins']
| 25,407,889
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.776.664'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['C01.925.782.580.600.550.750'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.670.600.750.730'], ['D12.776.964.970']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Protein kinase C and receptor kinase gene expression in olfactory receptor neurons.
|
Recent biochemical evidence indicates that protein kinase C (PKC) and G-protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) are involved in olfactory signal termination and desensitization. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate the expression of PKC and GRK genes in olfactory tissue and in isolated olfactory receptor neurons from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Sequence analysis of cloned PKC PCR products showed that the alpha, beta, delta, epsilon, and theta isotypes were expressed in olfactory tissue. Sequence analysis of PCR products obtained from isolated olfactory receptor neurons showed that PKC beta and PKC delta were expressed in the receptor cells. A 600-bp GRK PCR product was obtained from isolated olfactory neurons that shared 86% and 92% amino acid sequence identity to the mammalian beta-adrenergic receptor kinase gene products beta ARK1 and beta ARK2, respectively. Go6976, a specific inhibitor of calcium-regulated PKC activity, completely inhibited odorant-stimulated PKC activity in isolated olfactory cilia. This result suggested that odorant-stimulated PKC activity is mediated by the calcium-sensitive PKC beta isotype. Taken together, these results are consistent with the conclusion that PKC beta and beta ARK mediate odorant receptor phosphorylation and olfactory signal termination.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Ictaluridae', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Odorants', 'Olfactory Receptor Neurons', 'Phosphorylation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 9,322,156
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.080.148'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['A04.531.520.573.580', 'A04.760.600.640.640', 'A08.675.650.915.500.540', 'A08.800.950.500.540', 'A09.531.623.580', 'A10.615.550.760.600.640.640', 'A11.671.650.915.500.540'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A rare event of 5-fluorouracil-associated peripheral neuropathy: a report of two patients.
|
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is known to cause multifocal cerebral demyelination, which is pathologically related to a central inflammatory demyelinating process. To date, no case of peripheral neuropathy has been described after the administration of 5-FU alone. The authors describe two patients who had peripheral neuropathy that developed while they were receiving 5-FU-based chemotherapy.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Demyelinating Diseases', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Rectal Neoplasms']
| 9,626,791
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['E02.186'], ['C10.314'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Extraction and high performance liquid chromatographic determination of 3-indole butyric acid in pea plants by using imidazolium-based ionic liquids as extractant.
|
In this paper, imidazolium-based ionic liquids [C(4)mim][PF(6)], [C(6)mim][PF(6)], [C(8)mim][PF(6)], [C(6)mim][BF(4)] and [C(8)mim][BF(4)] were tested as extracting solvents for removal of 3-indole butyric acid (IBA) from aqueous media with subsequent determination using HPLC. Percent extraction of IBA was strongly affected by pH of aqueous phases and the chemical structures of ionic liquids (ILs). Extraction of IBA was quantitative in the pH values lower than pK(a) of IBA. Considering both extraction and stripping efficiencies of IBA, [C(4)mim][PF(6)] was found to act more efficient than other studied ILs. Capacity of [C(4)mim][PF(6)] was 17.6x10(-4)mmol IBA per 1.0 mL of IL. Ionic strength of aqueous phase and temperature had shown no serious effects on extraction efficiency of IBA. A preconcentration factor of 100 and a relative standard deviation of 1.16% were obtained. It was found that ionic liquid phase was reusable almost five times for extraction/stripping purposes. 3-Indole acetic acid showed interferential effect in the extraction step. In order to assess the applicability of the method, extraction and stripping of IBA from pea plants and some other samples were studied.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Imidazoles', 'Indoles', 'Ionic Liquids', 'Molecular Structure', 'Peas', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Solutions', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors']
| 18,804,653
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G02.300'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D27.720.844.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.630'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D26.776'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clinical Features for Mild Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease in China.
|
BACKGROUND: Mild hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is at a critical stage owing to its ease of communicability and a higher risk of developing severe complications and death. Clinical diagnosis of mild HFMD was made by the presenting symptoms and signs (symptoms in brief) alone. We aim to evaluate the frequencies of symptoms in a retrospective case series study.METHODS: We collected epidemiological, demographic, clinical, and laboratory data from outpatient and inpatient settings on the clinical data warehouse system. We principally described the frequencies of symptoms of mild HFMD. Correlations between symptoms with laboratory-confirmed cases were then analyzed.RESULTS: The clinical data warehouse system included 3649 probable cases, between 2010 and 2012, of which 956 (26.20%) were laboratory confirmed. The peak incidence was identified in children 2 years of age. A total of 370 of the 956 laboratory confirmed cases (38.70%) were associated with enterovirus 71 (EV71). Logistic regression analysis adjusted for geographical variables, age, sex, month of onset, and time from onset to diagnosis showed that the clinical features constipation (P<0.0001; adjusted OR, 95%CI (2.99, 2.28-3.91)), and blisters (P<0.0001; adjusted OR, 95%CI (2.16, 1.82-2.56)) were positively correlated with the confirmed cases.CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest case series study, including all the guideline-mentioned symptoms of mild HFMD. Our findings suggest that blisters and constipation should be considered as potential warning signs while front-line clinicians manage surges of children diagnosed with mild HFMD during a pandemic.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Blister', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'China', 'Enterovirus A, Human', 'Exanthema', 'Female', 'Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Seasons']
| 26,302,092
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['C17.800.865.187', 'C23.300.122'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['B04.820.578.750.284.180'], ['C17.800.257'], ['C01.925.782.687.359.213.331'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Diverticular disease in Scotland: 2000-2010.
|
AIM: Symptomatic diverticular disease (DD) may be increasing in incidence in western society particularly in younger age groups. This study aimed to describe hospital admission rates and management for DD in Scotland between 2000 and 2010.METHOD: Data were obtained from the Scottish Morbidity Records (SMR01). The study cohort included all patients with a hospital admission and a primary diagnosis of DD of the large intestine (ICD-10 primary code K57).RESULTS: Scottish NHS hospitals reported 90 990 admissions for DD (in 87 314 patients) from 2000 to 2010. The annual number of admissions increased by 55.2% from 6591 in 2000 to 10,228 in 2010, an average annual increase per year of 4.5%. Most of the increase attributable to DD was due to elective day cases (3618 in 2000; 6925 in 2010) a likely consequence of a greater proportion of the population accessing colonoscopy over that time period. There was an 11% increase in inpatient admissions (2973-3303), 60% of these patients being women. Admissions in younger age groups increased proportionally in the later years of the study, and there was an association between DD admissions and greater deprivation. Despite an increase in complicated DD from 22.9% in 2000 to 27.1% in 2010 and a 16.8% increase in emergency inpatient admissions, the rate of surgery fell during the period of study.CONCLUSION: This report supports findings of other population-based studies of western countries indicating that DD is an increasing burden on health service resources, particularly in younger age groups.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Colectomy', 'Colonoscopy', 'Diverticulitis, Colonic', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Scotland', 'Sex Distribution']
| 25,359,603
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E04.210.219'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C06.405.205.282.500.250', 'C06.405.469.158.587.500'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.363.766'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Phagocytic activation of human neutrophils by the detergent component of fluosol.
|
Fluosol (Alpha Therapeutic Corporation, Los Angeles, CA) an emulsion of perfluorocarbons with a high oxygen-carrying capacity, was approved as an adjunct to alleviate myocardial ischemia during coronary angioplasty. This drug also significantly enhances myocardial salvage presumably related to an action on the neutrophil. The mechanism by which fluosol and its individual components, including the detergent Pluronic F-68, affected neutrophil function was examined. During the incubation of neutrophils with fluosol, a rapid stimulation of superoxide anion production and degranulation which progressively increased over a 30-minute period was detected. Neutrophils incubated with only Pluronic F-68 produced similar amounts of superoxide anion. Cytochalasin B, an inhibitor of phagocytosis, significantly inhibited this superoxide anion generation. As shown previously, neutrophils incubated with fluosol for 30 minutes and then subsequently stimulated manifested a reduction in lysozyme release as compared with untreated cells. Results of an electron microscopic examination confirmed the cellular uptake of the fluosol within phagocytic vacuoles. Neutrophil viability determined by trypan blue was unaffected after fluosol treatment. These observations show that the fluosol emulsion, primarily through micelles formed by the detergent Pluronic F-68, activates human neutrophils by serving as a phagocytic stimulus, which produces a cell refractory to subsequent stimulation.
|
['Blood Substitutes', 'Cytochalasin B', 'Detergents', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Free Radicals', 'Humans', 'Isoquinolines', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Muramidase', 'Neutrophils', 'Phagocytosis', 'Poloxalene', 'Superoxides']
| 1,316,083
|
[['D27.505.954.502.140', 'J01.637.087.249'], ['D03.633.100.473.231.370', 'D23.946.587.370.370'], ['D27.720.877.265', 'J01.516.381'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.531'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.680', 'D05.750.741.650', 'D25.720.741.650', 'J01.637.051.720.741.650'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.850', 'D01.339.431.374.850', 'D01.650.550.750.800', 'D02.389.338.732']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Attitudes that determine willingness to seek psychiatric help for depression: a representative population survey applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour.
|
BACKGROUND: Many people suffering from mental disorders do not seek appropriate help. We have examined attitudes that further or hinder help-seeking for depression with an established socio-psychological model, the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), comparing models for respondents with and without depressive symptoms.METHOD: A qualitative preparatory study (n=29) elicited salient behavioural (BB), normative (NB) and control beliefs (CB) that were later included in the TPB questionnaire. Telephone interviews with a representative population sample in Germany (n=2303) started with a labelled vignette describing symptoms of a major depression, followed by items covering the components of the TPB. Intention to see a psychiatrist for the problem described was elicited at the beginning and at the end of the interview. We screened participants for current depressive symptoms using the mood subscale of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).RESULTS: In non-depressed respondents (n=2167), a TPB path model predicted 42% of the variance for the first and 51% for the second question on intention. In an analogous model for depressed respondents (n=136), these values increased to 50% and 61% respectively. Path coefficients in both models were similar. In both depressed and non-depressed persons, attitude towards the behaviour was more important than the subjective norm, whereas perceived behavioural control was of minor influence.CONCLUSIONS: Willingness to seek psychiatric help for depression can largely be explained by a set of attitudes and beliefs as conceptualized by the TPB. Our findings suggest that changing attitudes in the general population are likely to effect help-seeking when people experience depressive symptoms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude to Health', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Culture', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Intention', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Psychological', 'Motivation', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Problem Solving', 'Psychiatry', 'Social Support', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 19,379,538
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.076.201.450', 'I01.880.853.100'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.650', 'F02.463.306'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['F04.096.544', 'H02.403.690'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An IAP retrotransposon in the mouse ADAMTS13 gene creates ADAMTS13 variant proteins that are less effective in cleaving von Willebrand factor multimers.
|
Severe deficiency of ADAMTS13, a von Willebrand factor (VWF)-cleaving metalloprotease, causes thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. When analyzed with VWF multimers, but not with an abbreviated VWF peptide (VWF73) as the substrate, the plasma ADAMTS13 activity levels of mouse strains segregated into a high and a low group that differed by approximately 10 fold. Low ADAMTS13 activity was detected in mice containing 2 alleles of intracisternal A-type particle (IAP) retrotransposon sequence in the ADAMTS13 gene. Molecular cloning of mouse ADAMTS13 identified 2 truncated variants (IAP-a and IAP-b) in the low-activity mice. Both of the IAP variants lacked the 2 carboxyl terminus thrombospondin type 1 repeat (TSR) and CUB domains of full-length ADAMTS13. The IAP-b variant also had splicing abnormalities affecting the spacer domain sequence and had miniscule enzymatic activity. Compared with full-length ADAMTS13, the IAP-a variant was approximately one ninth as active in cleaving VWF multimers but was only slightly less active in cleaving VWF73 peptide. Recombinant human ADAMTS13 was also less effective in cleaving VWF multimers than VWF73 when the C-terminal TSR sequence was deleted. In summary, the carboxyl terminus TSR sequence is important for cleaving VWF multimers. Assay results should be interpreted with caution when peptide substrates are used for analysis of variant ADAMTS13 proteins.
|
['ADAM Proteins', 'ADAMTS13 Protein', 'Alleles', 'Animals', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Genes, Intracisternal A-Particle', 'Humans', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Mice', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Mutagenesis, Insertional', 'Peptides', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic', 'RNA Splicing', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Substrate Specificity', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 17,426,255
|
[['D08.811.277.656.675.374.102', 'D09.400.430.500', 'D12.776.395.033'], ['D08.811.277.656.675.374.102.500.813', 'D09.400.430.500.500.813', 'D12.776.395.033.500.813', 'D12.776.860.300.085.813'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.393.220'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.330.800.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.800.200', 'G05.360.340.024.340.364.875.360', 'G05.360.340.024.425.800.200', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875.360', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D05.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.550', 'G05.365.590.575', 'G05.558.550'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['C15.378.100.802.687.680', 'C15.378.140.855.925.750.680', 'C15.378.925.850', 'C23.550.414.950.687.680', 'C23.888.885.687.687.680'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.835'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Continuous passive motion in the postoperative treatment of patients with total knee replacement. A retrospective study.
|
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of adding three 1-hour sessions of continuous passive motion (CPM) each day to the entire postoperative program of patients who received a total knee replacement (TKR). A retrospective chart review was completed for 55 patients (8 with bilateral involvement, totaling 63 knees) who received a TKR between 1981 and 1984. The data analysis compared the following variables for 32 patients who received CPM and 23 patients who received no CPM: the length of hospital stay (LOS), the number of postoperative days (PODs) before discharge, the frequency of postoperative complications, and the knee range of motion at discharge. The CPM Group showed significant decreases in the frequency of complications (p less than .05), the LOS (p less than .01), and in the number of PODs (p less than .001). No difference was demonstrated in the ROM of the two groups. These results support the use of postoperative applications of CPM, but not as strongly as those reported from studies that used longer periods of CPM. Further research is indicated to delineate the minimum dosage of CPM needed to obtain the maximum beneficial effects.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Knee', 'Knee Prosthesis', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motion', 'Physical Therapy Modalities', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 3,797,475
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.450'], ['E07.695.400.410'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.482'], ['E02.779', 'E02.831.535'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Constant expression and activity of protein phosphatase 2A in synchronized cells.
|
The levels of the A, B, and C subunits of protein phosphatase 2A in extracts from synchronized embryonic bovine tracheal cells were determined by immunoblotting with subunit-specific antibodies. A constant amount of each subunit was found in resting cells as well as in growing cells from all stages of the cell cycle. The phosphatase activity of protein phosphatase 2A was also constant. A quantitative comparison showed that the A and C subunits were present in similar amounts, whereas the B subunit was present at a significantly lower level. Together, the A, B, and C subunits represented approximately 0.2% of the total cellular protein.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Kinetics', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Protein Phosphatase 2', 'Trachea']
| 1,649,390
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251'], ['A16.254'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D05'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625.706', 'D12.644.360.583', 'D12.776.476.561'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Retrospective comparison of management of gastro-enteritis in hospitalised children.
|
In Hong Kong, bacterial pathogens, the majority of them Salmonellae, cause approximately one-third of paediatric admissions for diarrhoea. This study retrospectively reviewed inpatient gastro-enteritis management, with particular focus on antibiotic use. Antibiotics are generally recommended for Salmonella gastro-enteritis in infants under 3 months of age but not for older infants and children unless they are so toxic that bacteraemia is suspected. Three groups of children admitted with acute gastro-enteritis were randomly identified from a computerised discharge database. Based on pathological reports held in the case records department, the final groups for analysis were Salmonella (n = 86), rotavirus (n = 55) and non-specified (n = 126). Epi Info version 6 (CDC, Atlanta) was used for data entry and analysis. Compared with a combined rotavirus/non-specified group, the Salmonella group were significantly more likely to have blood (OR 6.1, 95% CI 3.2-11.7, p < 0.0001) and mucus (OR 4.8, 95% CI 2.6-8.9, p < 0.0001) in the stool, fever during admission (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.6-8.4, p = 0.001), more stools per day (median 6.2 vs 4.2, p < 0.0001), a longer stay in hospital (median 3.4 vs 2 days, p < 0.0001) and to be younger (median 7.1 vs 14.6 mths, p < 0.0001). The Salmonella group were more likely to have been given antibiotics (38% vs 15%, OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.9-6.9, p < 0.0001) but age did not influence the likelihood that antibiotics would be given.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Age Factors', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Gastroenteritis', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rotavirus Infections', 'Salmonella Infections']
| 12,070,952
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C06.405.205'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.925.782.791.814'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.821']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nuclear-magnetic-resonance studies of ferrocytochrome c. pH and temperature dependence.
|
The pH dependence and the temperature dependence of the nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of horse ferrocytochrome c are described. This protein is very stable; it maintains an ordered structure over the pH range 4 to 12 at 25 degrees C and over the temperature range 4 degrees C to 97 degrees C at pH 7.0. The dynamic characteristics of the conformation of ferrocytochrome c were investigated. Particular emphasis was laid on the aromatic resonances and resonances of methyl groups shifted far upfield. Tyr-48 and Phe-46 were found to be relatively immobile whilst a region of the protein close to Ile-57 was found to be relatively flexible.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Cytochrome c Group', 'Drug Stability', 'Horses', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Protein Conformation', 'Temperature']
| 6,244,160
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.244.286', 'D12.776.422.220.286'], ['E05.916.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Tuberculosis mycoepidemics in schools. Apropos of 13 cases detected in Barcelona].
|
With the decrease in tuberculosis, local microepidemics of tuberculous infection and disease have been described, specially when the annual risk of tuberculous infection, is less than 0.1%. This phenomenon is more frequent in school children when they are exposed to a potent infectious source case. 13 epidemics in school children who had been in contact with one or two highly contagious tuberculous cases (teacher or pupils) are shown. Prevalences of infection as high as 97% are found among the exposed children and their risk increases to 5.7. The tuberculin convertors are 37.9% and their risk increases to 16.7. Treatment recommendations are indicated, they include avoidance of massive unselected prospections and the need of adequate collaboration. BCG vaccination increases the difficulty in the search of infected persons and group infections.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'BCG Vaccine', 'Child', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Humans', 'Mass Screening', 'Schools', 'Spain', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary', 'Vaccination']
| 2,742,235
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D20.215.894.135.825.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Maternal dexamethasone treatment alters myosin isoform expression and contractile dynamics in fetal arteries.
|
We tested the hypothesis that maternal glucocorticoid treatment modulates 17-kDa myosin light chain (myosin LC17) isoform expression and contractile dynamics in fetal ovine carotid arteries. In the single course group, ewes received 6 mg dexamethasone or placebo over 48 h. In the repeated course group, ewes received 6 mg dexamethasone or placebo weekly for 5 wk. In response to 1 microM phenylephrine, arteries from fetuses of dexamethasone-treated ewes exhibited biphasic contractions, characterized by an intermediate relaxation phase. The relaxation rate constant was significantly higher in arteries from the fetuses of dexamethasone than placebo-treated ewes. The observed biphasic contractions suggest the appearance of functional sarcoplasmic reticulum in the arteries from the fetuses of dexamethasone-treated ewes. The myosin LC17(a) isoform expression was lower in the arteries from the fetuses of the placebo-treated ewes than in those from the ewes. Repeated maternal administration of dexamethasone induced an almost twofold increase in myosin LC17(a) isoform expression in the fetal arteries. In contrast, maternal myosin LC17a isoform expression was not affected by dexamethasone treatment. We speculate that dexamethasone-induced increases in fetal myosin LC17(a) isoform expression represent accelerated differentiation of a subpopulation of vascular smooth muscle cells from the fetal to adult phenotype.
|
['Animals', 'Carotid Arteries', 'Dexamethasone', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Hypertension', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Myosin Light Chains', 'Phenylephrine', 'Placebos', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Sheep', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Vasoconstrictor Agents', 'Vasodilation']
| 12,384,450
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.186'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['A16.378'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.200', 'D12.776.157.125.475', 'D12.776.210.500.600.200', 'D12.776.220.525.475.200'], ['D02.033.100.291.617', 'D02.092.063.291.617'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['D27.505.954.411.793'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Development of sex characteristics in adolescents in the forest regions of Ukraine].
|
A total of 3019 adolescents were examined residing in those territories of the Zhitomir and Vinnitsa Regions affected by radionuclide contamination, who ranged from 15 to 18 years old. Revealed in the above juvenile population was a stimulating effect of small doses of ionizing radiation on some parameters characterizing somatosexual development in adolescents 15 years old, that tends to smooth down with stabilization of physical and sexual development.
|
['Adolescent', 'Body Composition', 'Body Weight', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Power Plants', 'Radiation, Ionizing', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Ukraine']
| 11,519,424
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.780', 'J03.540.680'], ['G01.750.750'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['G08.686.815'], ['Z01.542.248.960', 'Z01.542.931.960', 'Z01.586.950.960']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of molecular association on structure and dynamics of a collagenous peptide.
|
Peptide GVKGDKGNPGWPGAPY from the triple-helix domain of type IV collagen aggregates in solution at a critical aggregation concentration of 18 mM. This molecular self-association process is investigated by 1H- and 13C-nmr spectroscopy. As a function of increasing peptide concentration, selective 1H resonances are cooperatively chemically shifted by up to 0.04 ppm to apparently saturable values at high concentration. Pulsed field gradient nmr was used to derive translation diffusion constants that, as the peptide concentration is increased, also cooperatively and monotonically decrease to an apparent limiting value. An average number of 6 monomer units per aggregate have been estimated from diffusion constant and 13C relaxation data. Comparative 1H nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) spectra accumulated at high and low peptide concentrations suggest that average internuclear distances are decreased as a result of peptide association. 13C-nmr multiple spin-lattice relaxation and 13C-[1H] NOE effects on 13C-enriched glycine methylene positions in the peptide demonstrate that overall molecular tumbling and backbone internal motions are attenuated in the aggregate state. Lowering the solution pD from pD 6 to pD 2 disrupts the aggregate state, suggesting a role for electrostatic interactions in the association process. Based on thermodynamic considerations, hydrophobic interactions also probably act to stabilize the aggregate state. These data are discussed in terms of an nmr/NOE constrained computer-modeled structure of the peptide.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Collagen', 'Humans', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptides', 'Protein Conformation']
| 8,467,063
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.599.495'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.111.570.820.709']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments vary as a function of injury severity at 12 months post-experimental diffuse traumatic brain injury: Implications for dementia development.
|
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common risk factor for later neurodegeneration, which can manifest as dementia. Despite this, little is known about the time-course of development of functional deficits, particularly cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments, and whether these differ depending on the nature of the initiating insult. Therefore, this study investigated long term functional impairment at 12 months post-injury following diffuse TBI of different severities. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (420-480 g; 10-12 weeks) were either given a sham surgery (n = 14) or subjected to Marmarou's impact acceleration model of diffuse TBI for a single mild TBI (n = 12), repetitive mild TBI (3 mild diffuse injuries at 5 day intervals) (n = 14) or moderate to severe TBI (n = 14). At 12 months after injury, they were tested on a functional battery encompassing motor, neuropsychiatric (anxiety and depressive-like) and cognitive function. Our results showed that moderate to severe TBI animals exhibited significant impairments in cognitive flexibility (p = 0.009) on the Barnes maze when compared to age-matched sham animals. Neither repetitive mild TBI nor single mild TBI animals showed significant functional impairments when compared to shams. Thus, this study provides the first insight into chronic functional impairments associated with different severities of diffuse TBI, with moderate to severe TBI being a higher risk factor for impaired cognitive function at 12 months post-injury. Taken together, this may have implications for risk of dementia development following different severities of injury.
|
['Animals', 'Anxiety', 'Brain Concussion', 'Brain Injuries, Traumatic', 'Cognition', 'Dementia', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Progression', 'Male', 'Maze Learning', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 30,826,298
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C10.228.140.199.444.250', 'C10.900.300.087.235.250', 'C10.900.300.350.300', 'C26.915.300.200.194.250', 'C26.915.300.450.500', 'C26.974.382.200'], ['C10.228.140.199.444', 'C10.900.300.087.235', 'C26.915.300.200.194'], ['F02.463.188'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['F02.463.425.874.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The interaction of radioiodinated thyrotropin with human plasma membranes from normal and diseased thyroid glands. Relation of thyrotropin binding to adenylate cyclase activity.
|
Plasma membranes have been purified from homogenates of normal human thyroid glands and multinodular euthyroid and Graves' goitres by discontinuous sucrose gradient centrifugation. Preparations of reasonable purity were obtained containing specific binding sites for thyrotropin and thyrotropin-sensitive adenylate cyclase. Optimum conditions for 125I-labeled thyrotropin binding were pH 7.8 and 37 degrees C. Sodium ions and concentration of Tris above 20 mM reduced thyrotropin binding. Human plasma membranes showed no species specificity toward thyrotropins from 3 different species (ox, hog and man). Displacement curves of I125-labeled bovine thyrotropin by unlabeled hormones was in the order of increasing concentrations of bovine, porcine and human highly purified thyrotropins and was inversely related to the specific biological activity of these preparations as determined by the bioassay in the mouse. Analysis of the interaction between membranes and 125I-labeled thyrotropin resulted in curvilinear Scatchard plots which can indicate the presence of two types of sites with high affinity -- low capacity (KD = 5 nM) and low affinity -- high capacity (KD = 500 nM) or site -- site interaction of the negative cooperativity type. No significant difference in binding site characteristics was found in normal and diseased glands (multinodular and Graves' goitres). A good correlation was found at equilibrium and in the conditions of adenylate cyclase assay between receptor occupancy and cyclase activation by b-thyrotropin.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Membrane', 'Humans', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Swine', 'Thyroid Diseases', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyrotropin']
| 224,798
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Root resorption: another long-term outcome.
|
Case history is presented of an indigenous Zambian girl. Initial surgical repositioning is shown and at a later stage when the tooth had erupted into the nasolabial vestibule and an orthodontic correction was performed. Surgical trauma as well as orthodontic forces may have precipitated root resorption; however, the aim of saving a tooth has been achieved.
|
['Child', 'Dental Models', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incisor', 'Maxilla', 'Orthodontic Appliances, Removable', 'Radiography', 'Root Resorption', 'Tooth Eruption, Ectopic', 'Tooth Root', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 10,434,092
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E06.261', 'J01.897.280.500.545.129.200', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['E06.658.453.578'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C07.793.901.653', 'G10.549.855.653'], ['C07.793.790'], ['A14.549.167.900.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Pathological Changes in APP/PS-1 Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease Treated with Ganoderma Lucidum Preparation.
|
Objective To explore the efficacy of ganoderma lucidum preparation(Ling Zhi) in treating APP/PS-1 transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods APP/PS-1 transgenic mice of 4 months were randomly divided into model group,ganoderma lucidum treatment groups,including high [2250 mg/(kg·d)] and middle [750 mg/(kg·d)] dose groups,i.e.LZ-H and LZ-M groups,and the positive control group(treated with donepezil hydrochloride [2 mg/(kg·d)]).In addition,C57BL/6J wild mice were selected as normal group.The animals were administered for 4 months.Histopathological examinations including hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining,immunohistochemistry,special staining,and electron microscopy were applied,and then the pathological morphology and structures in different groups were compared. Results The senile plaques and neurofibrillar tangles in the cerebrum and cerebellum were dissolved or disappeared in LZ-H and LZ-M groups.Decrease of amyloid angiopathy was found in LZ-H and LZ-M groups.The immature neurons appeared more in hippocampus and dentate nucleus of LZ-H and LZ-M groups than those in AD model and donepezil hydrochloride groups(hippcampus:F=1.738,P=0.016;dentate nucleus:F=1.924,P=0.026),and these immature neurons differentiated to be neurons.More Purkinje cells loss occurred in AD model mice than that in LZ-H and LZ-M groups(F=9.46,P=0.007;F=9.46,P=0.010).The LZ-H and LZ-M groups had more new neuron stem cells grown up in cerebellum.Electromicroscopic examination showed the hippocampal neurons in LZ-H and LZ-M group were integrated,the nuclear membrane was intact,and the mitochondria in the cytoplasm,endoplasmic reticulum,Golgi bodies,microtubules,and synapses were also complete.The microglial cell showed no abnormality.No toxicity appeared in the pathological specimens of mice treated with ganoderma lucidum preparation.Conclusion The ganoderma lucidum preparation can dissolve and decline or dismiss the senile plaques and neurofibrillar tangles in the brain of AD mice and also reduce the amyloid angiopathy.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Animals', 'Biological Products', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Hippocampus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Random Allocation', 'Reishi']
| 28,877,835
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D20.215'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.300.179.120.760.338.700']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Development of seaweed biomass as a biosorbent for metal ions .
|
Three seaweed species collected from Hong Kong waters were screened for their adsorption abilities for Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ and Ulva lactuca having the highest metal ion removal capacity (RC) was chosen for further study. Effects of algal biomass and medium pH on the metal ions RC of Ulva lactuca were determined and optimized. Under the optimal conditions of the corresponding metal ions, the algal Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ RCs were 65.54, 21.00 and 49.54 mg/g, respectively. The presence of other cations and anions affected the metal ions adsorption by the seaweed. The effect was dependent on the between the target metal ions and other cations/anions. The kinetic study revealed that the adsorption of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ by Ulva lactuca fitted the Langmuir isotherm. Comparing with 0.1 M HCl, citric acid, thiourea, EDTA and HNO3, 0.1 M H2SO4 efficiently recovered close to 100% adsorbed metal ions from Ulva lactuca. In three successive adsorption-desorption cycles, reduction in metal ion RCs was found in the second and third cycles, but almost all adsorbed metal ion could be recovered.
|
['Adsorption', 'Biodegradation, Environmental', 'Biomass', 'Chlorophyta', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Water Pollutants', 'Water Purification']
| 12,862,216
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['N06.230.080.600.500', 'N06.850.460.375.500'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['B01.650.940.150'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['D27.888.284.903'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reducing bottlenecks: professionals' and adolescents' experiences with transitional care delivery.
|
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to describe the interventions implemented in a quality improvement programme to improve transitional care and evaluate its effectiveness in reducing bottlenecks as perceived by professionals and improving chronically ill adolescents' experiences with care delivery.METHODS: This longitudinal study was undertaken with adolescents and professionals who participated in the Dutch 'On Your Own Feet Ahead!' quality improvement programme. This programme followed the Breakthrough Series improvement and implementation strategy.A total of 102/128 (79.7%) professionals from 21 hospital teams filled out a questionnaire at the start of the programme (T0), and 79/123 (64.2%; five respondents had changed jobs) professionals completed the same questionnaire 1 year later (T1). Seventy-two (58.5%) professionals from 21 teams returned questionnaires at both time points. Of 389 and 430 participating adolescents, 36% and 41% returned questionnaires at T0 and T1, respectively. We used descriptive statistics and two-tailed, paired t-tests to investigate improvements in bottlenecks in transitional care (perceived by professionals) and care delivery (perceived by adolescents).RESULTS: Professionals observed improvement in all bottlenecks at T1 (vs. T0; p < 0.05), especially in the organisation of care, such as the presence of a joint mission between paediatric and adult care, coordination of care, and availability of more resources for joint care services. Within a 1-year period, the transition programme improved some aspects of patients' experiences with care delivery, such as the provision of opportunities for adolescents to visit the clinic alone (p < 0.001) and to decide who should be present during consultations (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that transitional care interventions may improve the organisation and coordination of transitional care and better prepare adolescents for the transition to adult care within a 1-year period. By setting specific goals based on experiences with bottlenecks, the breakthrough approach helped to improve transitional care delivery for adolescents with chronic conditions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Organizational', 'Quality Improvement', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Transition to Adult Care']
| 24,485,282
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.670', 'N04.452.534'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E02.760.169.718', 'N02.421.585.169.718', 'N04.590.233.727.210.718']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A cross sectional study of salt content in bakery bread in Zagreb, Croatia.
|
Reducing salt content in bread is the essential part of a national strategy for salt reduction with the goal of long-term national general health improvement. In this study we have analysed salt content in three types of bread available in 25 small and five national industrial bakeries in Zagreb, Croatia. Samples of white wheat bread, dark wheat bread, and other types of bread were collected, and the salt content was determined with the Mohr method. Salt content varied widely between bakeries, with an average content of 2.30±0.22 g per 100 g of bread, which is almost twice the threshold content (1.4 %) defined by the Croatian National Regulation on Cereals and Cereal Products. Further efforts are necessary to teach bakers how to reduce salt content without affecting quality or flavour. These should go hand in hand with continuous monitoring of how the legal provisions are implemented.
|
['Bread', 'Croatia', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Sodium Chloride, Dietary']
| 32,597,130
|
[['G07.203.300.100', 'J02.500.100'], ['Z01.542.248.295'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D01.857.650.705', 'D01.857.875.705']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
In vitro growth of corpora allata from Diploptera punctata.
|
An in vitro organ culture system was established to support growth of corpora allata from the cockroach Diploptera punctata. During a 1-wk incubation in L-15B medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 10% cockroach hemolymph, adult male corpora allata exhibited a cycle of de novo DNA synthesis followed by cell division. The number of S-phase cells and metaphase cells per corpus allatum were counted from whole-mount monolayers after labeling in vitro with 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine and exposure to colchicine, respectively. While both FBS and cockroach hemolymph were essential for proliferation of allatal cells, the growth-promoting effect of insect hemolymph was not species-specific and adult female hemolymph was more potent than hemolymph from adult males. Furthermore, DNA synthesis of corpus allatum cells was stimulated in vitro by 20-hydroxyecdysone. This sensitive assay system will be of immense utility in the search for allatal growth factors.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cell Division', 'Cockroaches', 'Corpora Allata', 'Culture Media', 'DNA', 'Ecdysterone', 'Hemolymph', 'Male', 'Mitotic Index', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Serum Albumin, Bovine']
| 8,528,503
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.140'], ['A08.713.100', 'A13.250'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.265.165.750', 'D06.472.445.573.271.750'], ['A13.453'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.500', 'E05.200.500.385.500', 'E05.242.385.500'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['D12.776.034.841.540', 'D12.776.124.727.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Latitudinal variation in breeding time reaction norms in a passerine bird.
|
1. The timing of phenological events, as flowering time in plants or migration and breeding time in animals, is related to environmental conditions, e.g. local ambient temperature, and varies considerably between years. The relationship between the relevant environmental condition(s) and phenology can be described by a reaction norm. 2. Apart from variation among years phenology also varies geographically and the timing of phenological events is generally later at higher latitudes. However, whether this latitudinal trend is caused by a single reaction norm (and locally varying conditions) or whether reaction norms differ spatially is largely unknown. 3. Avian breeding time is determined by a variety of internal and external factors, e.g. photoperiod and temperature. The corresponding reaction norms are normally described by a regression of annual mean against temperatures averaged over a certain period. We circumvented problems inherent in this approach by using proportional hazards models to describe the relationship between breeding time and local temperature and day length. 4. The proportional hazards model describes a 'time to event', e.g. survival or in this case time until laying of the first egg, by modelling the probability that the event will occur per unit time as a function of an unspecified baseline hazard and fixed or time-dependent variables. Any variable that changes its value during the 'time to event', e.g. ambient temperature, can be included as time-dependent variable. 5. Applying this approach to a large data set of Finnish great tit (Parus major) egg laying dates from populations spanning about 700 km in latitude, we found that temperature- and day length-reaction norms vary with latitude. 6. Optimal reaction norms likely differ between populations and the observed variation in reaction norms among populations may thus reflect local adaptation. Under environmental change, local reaction norms may become suboptimal, and latitude-specific breeding time reaction norms may represent a source of variation that could benefit a species to adapt to such changes.
|
['Adaptation, Biological', 'Animals', 'Flowers', 'Geography', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Passeriformes', 'Reproduction', 'Temperature']
| 20,384,644
|
[['G16.012'], ['B01.050'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['H01.277.500'], ['E05.599'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.620'], ['G08.686.784'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibition of the right dlPFC by theta burst stimulation does not alter sustainable decision-making.
|
Intergenerational sustainability is probably humankind's most pressing challenge, exacerbated by the fact that the present generation has to incur costs in order to benefit future generations. However, people often fail to restrict their consumption, despite reporting strong pro-environmental attitudes. Recent theorising sees self-control processes as key component of sustainable decision-making and correlational studies support this view, yet causal evidence is lacking. Using TMS, we here disrupted an area known to be involved in self-control processes, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), to provide causal evidence as to whether diminished self-control leads to less intergenerational sustainability. Participants then engaged in a behavioural economic paradigm to measure sustainable decision-making towards the next generation. This adequately powered study could not find an effect of inhibiting the right dlPFC on intergenerational sustainability. This result holds when controlling for a number of relevant covariates like gender, trait self-control, pro-environmental attitudes, or cortical thickness at the stimulation site. We seek to explain this result methodologically and theoretically, and speculate about other brain areas that could be more strongly related to intergenerational sustainability, e.g. the mentalising network.
|
['Decision Making', 'Economics, Behavioral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Social Behavior', 'Theta Rhythm', 'Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation', 'Young Adult']
| 31,554,883
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['F04.096.628.286', 'N03.219.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['F01.145.813'], ['E01.370.376.300.150.937', 'E01.370.405.245.287.937', 'G07.265.087.937', 'G11.561.127.937'], ['E02.621.820'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A seamless ubiquitous emergency medical service for crisis situations.
|
In crisis situations, a seamless ubiquitous communication is necessary to provide emergency medical service to save people's lives. An excellent prehospital emergency medicine provides immediate medical care to increase the survival rate of patients. On their way to the hospital, ambulance personnel must transmit real-time and uninterrupted patient information to the hospital to apprise the physician of the situation and provide options to the ambulance personnel. In emergency and crisis situations, many communication channels can be unserviceable because of damage to equipment or loss of power. Thus, data transmission over wireless communication to achieve uninterrupted network services is a major obstacle. This study proposes a mobile middleware for cognitive radio (CR) for improving the wireless communication link. CRs can sense their operating environment and optimize the spectrum usage so that the mobile middleware can integrate the existing wireless communication systems with a seamless communication service in heterogeneous network environments. Eventually, the proposed seamless mobile communication middleware was ported into an embedded system, which is compatible with the actual network environment without the need for changing the original system architecture.
|
['Ambulances', 'Cities', 'Communication', 'Computer Communication Networks', 'Computer Graphics', 'Disaster Planning', 'Disasters', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Emergency Medical Technicians', 'Engineering', 'Equipment Design', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Physicians', 'Software', 'Taiwan', 'User-Computer Interface', 'Wireless Technology']
| 26,796,352
|
[['J01.937.500.050', 'N02.421.297.879.100'], ['G16.500.275.069', 'N06.230.069', 'Z01.433'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['L01.224.230.110'], ['L01.224.108', 'L01.296.110'], ['N06.230.100.035'], ['N06.230.100'], ['N02.421.297'], ['M01.526.373.250', 'M01.526.485.067.150', 'N02.360.067.150'], ['J01.293'], ['E05.320'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['L01.224.900'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['L01.224.900.910'], ['L01.178.847.950']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Sex differences in catecholamine response to clonidine.
|
Sex-related differences both in the basal secretion of catecholamines and in the adrenergic reactivity to various stimuli have been described. We studied the responses of catecholamines and arterial blood pressure to clonidine (0.3 mg per os) in 31 normotensive subjects (10 men (M), aged 18-42 years, and 21 women (W), aged 20-48 years). Plasma catecholamines were determined by HPLC at -30, -15, 0, 120, 130, 140 min after clonidine. The basal levels of plasma norepinephrine were similar in men and in women (M = 1.16 +/- 0.26 vs. W = 0.87 +/- 0.07 nmol/l). Basal plasma epinephrine levels were not different in the two sexes (M = 0.21 +/- 0.03 vs. W = 0.14 +/- 0.03 nmol/l). The mean arterial pressure decrease after clonidine was similar in the two groups (M = 13 +/- 3 vs. W = 15 +/- 2 mmHg). The decrease in plasma epinephrine after clonidine was similar in men and women (M = 0.06 +/- 0.04 vs. W = 0.09 +/- 0.02 nmol/l). In contrast, the plasma levels of norepinephrine after clonidine were reduced more in women than in men either when expressed as absolute values (W = 0.63 +/- 0.07 vs. M = 0.3 +/- 0.1 nmol/l; F = 7.6, P < 0.02) or as percentage change (W = 71 +/- 3 vs. M = 34 +/- 8; P < 0.002). The present study demonstrates that an elevated alpha 2-adrenergic activity in women may be responsible for the sexual dimorphism in catecholamine secretion.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists', 'Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Catecholamines', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Clonidine', 'Epinephrine', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Norepinephrine', 'Pulse', 'Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 8,401,749
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.100.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.100.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['E01.370.370.380.650', 'G09.330.380.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.300.300.200', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.300.300.725', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.300.300.200'], ['G08.686.815'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
HA-966 antagonizes N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors through a selective interaction with the glycine modulatory site.
|
3-Amino-1-hydroxypyrrolid-2-one (HA-966) has been known for several years as an excitatory amino acid antagonist, acting principally at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtype. We report here that HA-966 blocks NMDA responses through a selective interaction with the glycine modulatory site present within the receptor complex. In radioligand binding experiments, HA-966 inhibited strychnine-insensitive 3H-glycine binding to rat cerebral cortex synaptic plasma membranes with an IC50 of 17.5 microM. At concentrations up to 1 mM, HA-966 caused minimal inhibition of radioligand binding to the transmitter recognition sites of the NMDA, quisqualate, or kainate receptor subtypes and was similarly inactive against the binding of 3H-strychnine to rat spinal cord/brain stem membranes. In electrophysiological experiments, HA-966 produced a selective block of NMDA responses in a rat cortical slice preparation. The degree of antagonism caused by HA-966 was maximal at 250 microM and was not increased further by raising the HA-966 concentration. Both glycine (1 mM) and D-serine (100 microM) reversed the antagonism of NMDA responses caused by HA-966. In patch-clamp experiments using rat cortical neurons in culture, HA-966 blocked the potentiation of NMDA responses by glycine but had little effect on basal NMDA responses themselves. This profile of antagonism differs from that observed with 7-chlorokynurenate, another recently discovered antagonist of the glycine site on the NMDA receptor (Kemp et al., 1988) and may indicate that glycine antagonists of differing efficacies can exist. Previous experiments with HA-966 may now be interpreted to suggest that activation of the glycine site on the NMDA receptor occurs in vivo and is important for the participation of NMDA receptors in synaptic transmission.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Electrophoresis', 'Glycine', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Pyrrolidinones', 'Rats', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter', 'Synaptic Membranes']
| 2,542,488
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E05.196.401', 'E05.301.300'], ['D12.125.481'], ['E05.481'], ['G02.640'], ['D03.383.773.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.720'], ['A08.850.800', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.800', 'A11.284.149.844']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of Photo-Identification and Mark-Recapture Methodology to Assess Basking Shark (Cetorhinus maximus) Populations.
|
Following centuries of exploitation, basking sharks (Cetorhinus maximus) are considered by IUCN as Endangered in the Northeast Atlantic, where they have now been substantially protected for over two decades. However, the present size of this population remains unknown. We investigated the use of photo-identification of individuals' dorsal fins, combined with mark-recapture methodology, to investigate the size of populations of basking shark within the west coast of Scotland. From a total of 921 encounters photographed between 2004 and 2011, 710 sharks were found to be individually identifiable based on dorsal fin damage and natural features. Of these, only 41 individuals were re-sighted, most commonly both within days of, and close to the site of, the initial encounter. A smaller number were re-sighted after longer periods of up to two years. A comparison of the distinguishing features of individuals on first recording and subsequent re-sighting showed that in almost all cases these features remained little changed, suggesting the low re-sighting rate was not due to a loss of distinguishing features. Because of the low number of re-sighting we were not able to produce reliable estimates for the long-term regional population. However, for one 50 km diameter study area between the islands of Mull, Coll and Tiree, we were able to generate closed-population estimates for 6-9 day periods in 2010 of 985 (95% CI = 494-1683), and in 2011 of 201 (95% CI = 143-340). For the same 2011 period an open-population model generated a similar estimate of 213 (95% CI = 111-317). Otherwise the low rate and temporal patterning of re-sightings support the view that such local basking shark populations are temporary, dynamic groupings of individuals drawn from a much larger regional population than previously supposed. The study demonstrated the feasibility and limitations of photo-identification as a non-invasive technique for identifying individual basking sharks.
|
['Animal Distribution', 'Animals', 'Population Dynamics', 'Scotland', 'Sharks']
| 26,930,611
|
[['F01.145.113.069', 'G16.049'], ['B01.050'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['Z01.542.363.766'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.370.853']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Percutaneous Microwave Ablation versus Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy for cT1a Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Propensity-matched Cohort Study of 1955 Patients.
|
Background Percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) are two modalities indicated for early-stage renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with low extent of invasion. Purpose To compare the long-term results of percutaneous MWA and LPN in the treatment of cT1a RCC. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included 1955 patients with cT1a RCC treated with percutaneous MWA or LPN between April 2006 and November 2017. Propensity score matching was used. Oncologic outcomes were analyzed by using the Fine-and-Gray competing risk models. Results A total of 185 patients underwent percutaneous MWA (mean age, 63.2 years ± 15.2 [standard deviation]) and 1770 underwent LPN (mean age, 50.9 years ± 13.2). During the follow-up (median, 40.6 months), after propensity score matching, no difference was observed between local tumor progression (3.2% vs 0.5%, P = .10), cancer-specific survival (2.2% vs 3.8%, P = .24), and distant metastases (4.3% vs 4.3%, P = .76). Patients who underwent percutaneous MWA had worse overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 5.7; P = .049 vs LPN) and disease-free survival (82.9% vs 91.4%, P = .003). Percutaneous MWA led to smaller drop in estimated glomerular filtration rate at discharge (6.2% vs 16.4%, P < .001), smaller estimated blood loss (4.5 mL ± 1.3 vs 54.2 mL ± 69.2), lower cost ($3150 ± 2970 vs $6045 ± 1860 U.S. dollars), shorter operative time (0.5 minute ± 0.1 vs 1.8 minutes ± 0.6), and shorter postoperative hospitalization time (5.1 days ± 2.6 vs 6.9 days ± 2.8) (all P < .001 vs LPN). There were fewer cases of fever in the percutaneous MWA group (16.2% vs 73.0%, P < .001). Conclusion There were no significant differences regarding oncologic outcomes and complications between percutaneous microwave ablation and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for patients with cT1a renal cell carcinoma. Percutaneous microwave ablation led to smaller renal function change and lower blood loss. For patients who cannot be subjected to the risks of more invasive laparoscopic partial nephrectomy, percutaneous microwave ablation could be an alternative less invasive treatment option. © RSNA, 2020 Online supplemental material is available for this article.
|
['Ablation Techniques', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Microwaves', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Nephrectomy', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Propensity Score', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,961,239
|
[['E04.014'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Incorporation of whey permeate, a dairy effluent, in ethanol fermentation to provide a zero waste solution for the dairy industry.
|
This study proposes a novel alternative for utilization of whey permeate, a by-product stream from the dairy industry, in wheat fermentation for ethanol production using Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Whey permeates were hydrolyzed using enzymes to release fermentable sugars. Hydrolyzed whey permeates were integrated into wheat fermentation as a co-substrate or to partially replace process water. Cold starch hydrolysis-based simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was done as per the current industrial protocol for commercial wheat-to-ethanol production. Ethanol production was not affected; ethanol yield efficiency did not change when up to 10% of process water was replaced. Lactic acid bacteria in whey permeate did not negatively affect the co-fermentation or reduce ethanol yield. Whey permeate could be effectively stored for up to 4 wk at 4 °C with little change in lactose and lactic acid content. Considering the global abundance and nutrient value of whey permeate, the proposed strategy could improve economics of the dairy and biofuel sectors, and reduce environmental pollution. Furthermore, our research may be applied to fermentation strategies designed to produce value-added products other than ethanol.
|
['Animals', 'Biofuels', 'Cattle', 'Dairying', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Ethanol', 'Fermentation', 'Hydrolysis', 'Industrial Waste', 'Lactose', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Solutions', 'Whey']
| 26,723,112
|
[['B01.050'], ['D20.147', 'N06.230.132.644.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['J01.040.246'], ['N06.850.460'], ['D02.033.375'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['G02.380'], ['D20.944.420', 'N06.850.460.710.420'], ['D09.698.629.305.340', 'D09.947.750.340'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D26.776'], ['A12.790.760', 'G07.203.100.700.750', 'G07.203.300.350.525.760', 'J02.200.700.750', 'J02.500.350.525.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in stage 1 germ cell tumours of the testis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether angiogenesis can be used as an additional prognostic indicator in patients with stage 1 germ cell tumours of the testis.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Paraffin sections were assessed immunohistochemically from 51 patients with clinical stage 1 germ cell tumours of the testis (28 seminoma, 23 teratoma) treated by orchidectomy and surveillance only. Sections were analysed for microvascular density (MVD), and expression of the angiogenic factors vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP). In addition, in the seminoma cases the presence of mRNA for the lymphangiogenic factor VEGF-C was examined by in situ hybridization, and its corresponding receptor VEGFR-3 by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS: Teratoma specimens had a significantly higher mean (range) MVD (85, 26-163; P < 0.01) than both seminoma (37, 16-91) and four normal specimens (26, 18-30). Teratoma specimens also had significantly higher VEGF expression than both seminoma and normal specimens (P < 0.01). Despite these differences between groups, and indeed individual tumours, there was no significant correlation between MVD and VEGF, or between either MVD or VEGF and relapse-free survival. TP expression was significantly greater in tumours than in normal specimens (P < 0.02) but with very little inter-tumour variation. VEGF-C mRNA and VEGFR-3 protein were detected in a third to a half of cases, with expression mostly around endothelial vessels.CONCLUSIONS: The marked differences between normal testis and tumours implicate angiogenesis in the biology of germ cell tumours of the testis. In addition, the detection of factors involved in lymphangiogenesis in some seminomas, tumours which initially metastasize primarily to lymph nodes, indicate that although not prognostic in this study, further studies are warranted in both these areas in the search for further prognostic indicators and therapeutic targets.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Germinoma', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Lymphokines', 'Male', 'Microcirculation', 'Middle Aged', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Prognosis', 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors']
| 10,886,088
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['C04.557.465.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Recurrence and impact of postoperative prophylaxis in laparoscopically treated primary ileocolic Crohn disease.
|
OBJECTIVES: To define risk factors for recurrence and to determine whether postoperative prophylaxis would influence time to recurrence after primary laparoscopic ileocolectomy for Crohn disease.DESIGN: Retrospective record review.SETTING: Tertiary academic medical center.PATIENTS: All patients who underwent primary laparoscopic ileocolectomy for terminal ileal Crohn disease between April 28, 1994, and August 3, 2006, at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: All patients were reviewed for follow-up, recurrence, risk factors for recurrence, and use of postoperative immunosuppressive prophylaxis.RESULTS: One hundred nine patients were identified, of whom 89 were followed up postoperatively at Mayo Clinic with a median follow-up of 3.5 years (range, 1.8 months to 11.9 years). Recurrence was discovered in 54 patients (61%) at a median of 13.1 months (range, 1.3 months to 8.7 years). Forty-four patients (49%) received postoperative immunosuppressive prophylaxis (37 [42%] received azathioprine, 8 [9%] received 6-mercaptopurine, and 3 [3%] received infliximab). In a multivariate model of various risk factors for recurrence, presence of granulomas was the only significant predictor of recurrence (P = .01). The 2-year cumulative recurrence rates in the prophylaxis and nonprophylaxis groups were 37.5% and 52.6%, respectively (log-rank test, P = .87).CONCLUSIONS: Recurrence occurred in more than half of the patients with Crohn disease after primary laparoscopic ileocolectomy. In this highly selected patient population, use of immunosuppressive prophylaxis was not associated with a delay in recurrence. Presence of granulomas was the only significant predictor of recurrence. These findings should be further explored in larger and less selected patient populations.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Crohn Disease', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileitis', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Laparoscopy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Care', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Young Adult']
| 20,083,753
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.205.462.624', 'C06.405.469.326.875', 'C06.405.469.420.520'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor is a nanomolar affinity receptor for glycosylated human leukemia inhibitory factor.
|
Comparison of the binding properties of non-glycosylated, glycosylated human leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed at gp190/LIF-receptor beta subunit showed that most of the low affinity (nanomolar) receptors expressed by a variety of cell lines are not due to gp190. These receptors bind glycosylated LIF produced in Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO LIF) (Kd = 6.9 nM) but not Escherichia coli-derived LIF or CHO LIF treated with endoglycosidase F. CHO LIF binding to these receptors is neither affected by anti-gp190 mAbs nor by anti-gp130 mAbs and is specifically inhibited by low concentrations of mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P) (IC50 = 40 microM), suggesting that they could be related to Man-6-P receptors. The identity of this LIF binding component with the Man-6-P/insulin-like growth factor-II receptor (Man-6-P/IGFII-R) was supported by several findings. (i) It has a molecular mass very similar to that of the Man-6-P/IGFII-R (270 kDa); (ii) the complex of LIF cross-linked to this receptor is immunoprecipitated by a polyclonal anti-Man-6-P/IGFII-R antibody; (iii) this antibody inhibits LIF and IGFII binding to the receptor with comparable efficiencies; (iv) soluble Man-6-P/IGFII-R purified from serum binds glycosylated LIF (Kd = 4.3 nM) but not E. coli LIF. The potential role of Man-6-P/IGFII-R in LIF processing and biological activity is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'CHO Cells', 'Cricetinae', 'DNA Primers', 'Glycosylation', 'Growth Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leukemia Inhibitory Factor', 'Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha Subunit', 'Lymphokines', 'Mannose', 'Protein Binding', 'Receptor, IGF Type 2', 'Receptors, Cytokine', 'Receptors, OSM-LIF', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 9,694,835
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G02.111.158.812', 'G02.607.299', 'G03.191.812'], ['D27.505.696.377.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.470', 'D12.776.467.374.470', 'D23.529.374.470'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.583.750', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.550.250.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['D09.947.875.359.588'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400.780.410'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.583'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Wildlife population trends in protected areas predicted by national socio-economic metrics and body size.
|
Ensuring that protected areas (PAs) maintain the biodiversity within their boundaries is fundamental in achieving global conservation goals. Despite this objective, wildlife abundance changes in PAs are patchily documented and poorly understood. Here, we use linear mixed effect models to explore correlates of population change in 1,902 populations of birds and mammals from 447 PAs globally. On an average, we find PAs are maintaining populations of monitored birds and mammals within their boundaries. Wildlife population trends are more positive in PAs located in countries with higher development scores, and for larger-bodied species. These results suggest that active management can consistently overcome disadvantages of lower reproductive rates and more severe threats experienced by larger species of birds and mammals. The link between wildlife trends and national development shows that the social and economic conditions supporting PAs are critical for the successful maintenance of their wildlife populations.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Biodiversity', 'Birds', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Demography', 'Ecosystem', 'Mammals', 'Models, Biological', 'Time and Motion Studies']
| 27,582,180
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['E05.599.395'], ['F02.784.412.846.707', 'F02.784.692.746.707']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Unilateral syphilitic perioptic neuritis in a patient coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
|
Perioptic neuritis caused by secondary syphilis is a rare ophthalmic manifestation in the HIV-infected host. Early diagnosis and treatment of this condition is required to prevent further visual damage. We report a case of unilateral syphilitic perioptic neuritis in a patient coinfected with HIV-1.
|
['AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections', 'Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'HIV-1', 'Homosexuality, Male', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Optic Neuritis', 'Penicillin G Procaine', 'Syphilis', 'Vision Disorders']
| 17,569,719
|
[['C01.221.250.875.100', 'C01.597.050', 'C01.610.684.050', 'C01.925.597.050', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.100', 'C20.673.480.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['F01.145.802.975.500.600', 'G08.686.867.500.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.292.700.550', 'C11.640.576'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.695', 'D02.241.223.100.050.500.906.666', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.906.666', 'D02.886.108.750.750.695', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.695'], ['C01.150.252.400.794.840.500', 'C01.150.252.400.840.500', 'C01.150.252.734.859', 'C01.221.812.281.859', 'C01.778.281.859', 'C12.294.668.281.859', 'C13.351.500.711.281.859'], ['C10.597.751.941', 'C11.966', 'C23.888.592.763.941']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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