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Structure/function analysis of yeast ribosomal protein L2.
|
Ribosomal protein L2 is a core element of the large subunit that is highly conserved among all three kingdoms. L2 contacts almost every domain of the large subunit rRNA and participates in an intersubunit bridge with the small subunit rRNA. It contains a solvent-accessible globular domain that interfaces with the solvent accessible side of the large subunit that is linked through a bridge to an extension domain that approaches the peptidyltransferase center. Here, screening of randomly generated library of yeast RPL2A alleles identified three translationally defective mutants, which could be grouped into two classes. The V48D and L125Q mutants map to the globular domain. They strongly affect ribosomal A-site associated functions, peptidyltransferase activity and subunit joining. H215Y, located at the tip of the extended domain interacts with Helix 93. This mutant specifically affects peptidyl-tRNA binding and peptidyltransferase activity. Both classes affect rRNA structure far away from the protein in the A-site of the peptidyltransferase center. These findings suggest that defective interactions with Helix 55 and with the Helix 65-66 structure may indicate a certain degree of flexibility in L2 in the neck region between the two other domains, and that this might help to coordinate tRNA-ribosome interactions.
|
['Alleles', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Base Sequence', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptidyl Transferases', 'Phenotype', 'Polyribosomes', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'Ribosomal Proteins', 'Ribosome Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic', 'Ribosomes', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 18,263,608
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.913.050.200.700'], ['G05.695'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.740'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['D12.776.835'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811.870.700.750'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrophysiological correlates of hyperacuity in the human visual cortex.
|
The human visual system is capable of detecting a vernier misalignment with extraordinary accuracy. Since this remarkable precision in spatial localization is better than can be naively predicted by simple optical or anatomical considerations it has been termed a hyperacuity. So far no single neurone model seems capable of accounting for hyperacuity, and the retinal image might require reconstitution in a finer grained from in the visual cortex. We report here an electrophysiological correlate of hyperacuity recorded from the human visual cortex. The amplitude of the visually evoked potentials (v.e.ps) elicited by the appearance of a vernier offset varied systematically with the magnitude of the offset. Extrapolation of the function relating v.e.p. amplitude and log offset to zero voltage resulted in an electrophysiological estimate of vernier acuity that was similar to the observer's psychophysical threshold.
|
['Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Humans', 'Visual Acuity', 'Visual Cortex']
| 6,646,227
|
[['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relationship between nutritional status and tumor growth in humans.
|
AIMS AND BACKGROUND: There is considerable evidence from studies on tumor-bearing animals that nutritional support aimed at maintaining a good nutritional status can indeed promote tumor growth. Experience in humans, however, is scanty and controversial, this issue never having been extensively investigated. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether there exists a relationship between nutritional status and tumor growth in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The hypothesis behind it was that if it is true than an abundant availability of substrates promotes tumoral growth, then the better the nutritional status the higher the tumor cell proliferation.METHODS: Two hundred and forty six adult patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were characterized according to nutritional status (percent of weight loss as compared to usual body weight, serum albumin, serum cholinesterase, number of lymphocytes) and rate of incorporation of 3H thymidine labelling index in the tumor tissue. The values of serum albumin, serum cholinesterase and lymphocytes were subdivided into three classes adopting as cut-off points the tertile values of their distribution, while weight loss was scored as a "no" and a "yes". The association between nutritional parameters and labelling index was evaluated by a univariate analysis (X2 test and Mantel-Haenszel X2 test and the odds ratio) and by a logistic multiple regression model.RESULTS: Results of the univariate analysis show a statistically significant association between "poor" nutritional status (depressed nutritional indexes) and "high" labelling index (increased tumoural growth), while the multiple regression analysis found that the only significant association was that between low serum cholinesterase and high labelling index.CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate for the first time in a large series of patients that maintenance of a good nutritional status does not have any deleterious effect on the tumor growth.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Cell Division', 'Cholinesterases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutritional Status', 'Serum Albumin', 'Thymidine', 'Tritium', 'Weight Loss']
| 7,754,535
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.170'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500', 'G04.140.107.595.500', 'G09.188.105.595.500'], ['C04.557.386.480', 'C15.604.515.569.480', 'C20.683.515.761.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['D03.383.742.680.705', 'D13.570.230.855', 'D13.570.685.705'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An episodic outbreak of genetically related Burkholderia cepacia among non-cystic fibrosis patients at a university hospital.
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate an outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia.DESIGN: Observational study and chart review.PATIENTS: Adult non-cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.SETTING: Intensive care units (ICUs) at a university-affiliated teaching hospital.METHODS: As part of the epidemiological investigation, we conducted a chart review and collected environmental samples. A review of work schedules of healthcare workers also was performed. We used B. cepacia selective agar for preliminary screening for all isolates, which subsequently were confirmed as members of the B. cepacia complex by polyphasic analysis employing conventional biochemical reactions and genus- and species-specific polymerase chain reaction assays. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA typing, and automated ribotyping were used to genotype the isolates. As part of the intervention, contact isolation precautions were initiated for all patients identified as having had a culture positive for B. cepacia.RESULTS: Between September 1997 and September 1999, B. cepacia was isolated from 31 adult patients without CF in ICUs at a university-affiliated teaching hospital. Based on geographic clustering and genotypic analysis, three distinct clusters were observed involving 20 patients. Isolates from 17 of these patients were available for testing and were found to be of the same strain (outbreak strain). Further taxonomic analysis indicated that the outbreak strain was B. cepacia complex genomovar III. Twelve (71%) of the 17 patients were judged to be infected, and 5 (29%) were colonized with this strain. Six of 200 environmental cultures from multiple sources in the hospital's ICUs yielded B. cepacia. Two of these isolates, both recovered from rooms of colonized patients, were the same genotype as the outbreak strain recovered from patients.CONCLUSION: Despite an extensive investigation, the source of the B. cepacia clone involved in this outbreak remains unknown. The spatial and temporal pattern of cases suggests that cross-transmission of a genetically related strain contributed to clustering among patients. The initiation of contact isolation may have limited the extent of this transmission. Additional studies are needed to elucidate better the epidemiology of nosocomial B. cepacia infection among non-CF adult patients.
|
['Adult', 'Burkholderia Infections', 'Burkholderia cepacia', 'Cross Infection', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Genotype', 'Hospitals, Teaching', 'Humans', 'Infection Control', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Patient Isolation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 11,583,209
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.150.252.400.170'], ['B03.660.075.090.688.100.110.500'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['N06.850.290'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['G05.380'], ['N02.278.020.300', 'N02.278.421.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.450'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E02.770', 'N06.850.780.200.450.650'], ['E05.393.620.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Are Physicians Obliged to Lead Environmental Sustainability Efforts in Health Care Organizations?
|
Climate change threatens health, health care, and the industries and resources upon which these depend. The growing prevalence and severity of its health consequences and economic costs are alarming health professionals and organizations as their professional obligations, grounded in the core value of health, include protecting against these harms. One means of fulfilling these obligations is to lead or support sustainability initiatives that are built upon current, reliable, accurate, and unbiased evidence and collaboratively tailored to meet specific needs and respond to specific contexts. We consider why and how health professionals and organizations should lead or support such initiatives.
|
['Climate Change', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Delivery of Health Care', 'Humans', 'Organizations', 'Physicians', 'Public Health', 'Social Responsibility']
| 29,278,342
|
[['G16.500.175.374'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['N04.590.374', 'N05.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.540'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Heat-stable molecule derived from Streptococcus cristatus induces APOBEC3 expression and inhibits HIV-1 replication.
|
Although most human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) cases worldwide are transmitted through mucosal surfaces, transmission through the oral mucosal surface is a rare event. More than 700 bacterial species have been detected in the oral cavity. Despite great efforts to discover oral inhibitors of HIV, little information is available concerning the anti-HIV activity of oral bacterial components. Here we show that a molecule from an oral commensal bacterium, Streptococcus cristatus CC5A can induce expression of APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3F (A3F) and inhibit HIV-1 replication in THP-1 cells. We show by qRT-PCR that expression levels of A3G and A3F increase in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of a CC5A extract, as does A3G protein levels by Western blot assay. In addition, when the human monocytic cell line THP-1 was treated with CC5A extract, the replication of HIV-1 IIIB was significantly suppressed compared with IIIB replication in untreated THP-1 cells. Knock down of A3G expression in THP-1 cells compromised the ability of CC5A to inhibit HIV-1 IIIB infectivity. Furthermore, SupT1 cells infected with virus produced from CC5A extract-treated THP-1 cells replicated virus with a higher G to A hypermutation rate (a known consequence of A3G activity) than virus used from untreated THP-1 cells. This suggests that S. cristatus CC5A contains a molecule that induces A3G/F expression and thereby inhibits HIV replication. These findings might lead to the discovery of a novel anti-HIV/AIDS therapeutic.
|
['APOBEC-3G Deaminase', 'Adhesins, Bacterial', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Cell Line', 'Cytidine Deaminase', 'Cytosine Deaminase', 'Endopeptidases', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Streptococcus', 'Virus Replication']
| 25,165,817
|
[['D08.811.277.151.486.250.500.750'], ['D12.776.097.120.050', 'D12.776.543.100.050', 'D23.050.161.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D08.811.277.151.486.250'], ['D08.811.277.151.486.625'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['G05.308'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.353.750.737.872', 'B03.510.400.800.872', 'B03.510.550.737.872'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The mask-onset delay paradigm and the availability of central and peripheral visual information during scene viewing.
|
We employed a variant of the mask-onset delay paradigm in order to limit the availability of visual information in central and peripheral vision within individual fixations during scene viewing. Subjects viewed full-color scene photos with instructions to search for a target object (Experiment 1) or to study them for a later memory test (Experiment 2). After a fixed interval following the onset of each eye fixation (50-100 ms), the scene was scrambled either in the central visual field or over the entire display. The intact scene was presented when the subject made an eye movement. Our results reconcile different sets of findings from prior research regarding the masking of central and peripheral visual information at different intervals following fixation onset. In particular, we found that when the entire display was scrambled, both search and memory performance were impaired even at relatively long mask-onset intervals. In contrast, when central vision was scrambled, there were subtle impairments that depended on the viewing task. In the 50-ms mask-onset interval, subjects were selectively impaired at identifying, but not in locating, the search target (Experiment 1), while memory performance (Experiment 2) was unaffected in this condition, and hence, the reliance on central and peripheral visual information depends partly on the viewing task.
|
['Eye Movements', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Perceptual Masking', 'Reaction Time', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 22,247,221
|
[['G11.427.410.140', 'G14.350'], ['G14.350.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['F02.463.593.071.594', 'F02.463.593.932.733', 'G07.888.125.594'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Optimal harvesting for a predator-prey agent-based model using difference equations.
|
In this paper, a method known as Pareto optimization is applied in the solution of a multi-objective optimization problem. The system in question is an agent-based model (ABM) wherein global dynamics emerge from local interactions. A system of discrete mathematical equations is formulated in order to capture the dynamics of the ABM; while the original model is built up analytically from the rules of the model, the paper shows how minor changes to the ABM rule set can have a substantial effect on model dynamics. To address this issue, we introduce parameters into the equation model that track such changes. The equation model is amenable to mathematical theory—we show how stability analysis can be performed and validated using ABM data. We then reduce the equation model to a simpler version and implement changes to allow controls from the ABM to be tested using the equations. Cohen's weighted ê is proposed as a measure of similarity between the equation model and the ABM, particularly with respect to the optimization problem. The reduced equation model is used to solve a multi-objective optimization problem via a technique known as Pareto optimization, a heuristic evolutionary algorithm. Results show that the equation model is a good fit for ABM data; Pareto optimization provides a suite of solutions to the multi-objective optimization problem that can be implemented directly in the ABM.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Food Chain', 'Humans', 'Mathematical Concepts', 'Models, Biological', 'Poaceae', 'Rabbits', 'Systems Biology']
| 25,559,457
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G17'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['H01.158.273.180.800']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Agrobacterium-mediated transient gene expression and silencing: a rapid tool for functional gene assay in potato.
|
Potato is the third most important food crop worldwide. However, genetic and genomic research of potato has lagged behind other major crops due to the autopolyploidy and highly heterozygous nature associated with the potato genome. Reliable and technically undemanding techniques are not available for functional gene assays in potato. Here we report the development of a transient gene expression and silencing system in potato. Gene expression or RNAi-based gene silencing constructs were delivered into potato leaf cells using Agrobacterium-mediated infiltration. Agroinfiltration of various gene constructs consistently resulted in potato cell transformation and spread of the transgenic cells around infiltration zones. The efficiency of agroinfiltration was affected by potato genotypes, concentration of Agrobacterium, and plant growth conditions. We demonstrated that the agroinfiltration-based transient gene expression can be used to detect potato proteins in sub-cellular compartments in living cells. We established a double agroinfiltration procedure that allows to test whether a specific gene is associated with potato late blight resistance pathway mediated by the resistance gene RB. This procedure provides a powerful approach for high throughput functional assay for a large number of candidate genes in potato late blight resistance.
|
['Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Silencing', 'Genetic Techniques', 'Genome, Plant', 'Genotype', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Phytophthora infestans', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Plasmids', 'RNA Interference', 'Rhizobium', 'Solanum tuberosum']
| 19,503,835
|
[['G05.308'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['E05.393'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['G05.380'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['B01.750.580.715.600'], ['G15.610'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['G05.360.600'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['B03.440.400.425.700.800', 'B03.585.900', 'B03.660.050.662.670'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Focal epilepsies: HM-PAO SPECT compared with CT, MR, and EEG.
|
Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was evaluated quantitatively by 99mTc hexamethyl propyleneamine oxime and single photon emission CT (SPECT) during the interictal phase in 52 patients with focal epilepsy. The results were compared with those obtained by electroencephalography (EEG), CT, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Twenty-four of the 52 patients had one area of local hypoperfusion whereas 7 patients showed an area of local hyperperfusion. In 20 of the 52 patients, both reduced and elevated rCBF values were found. One patient had a normal perfusion pattern. The SPECT findings correlated well with the foci shown by EEG, both with regard to the sides affected and the locations of the regions of altered perfusion. The MR images showed focal lesions in only approximately one-half of the patients examined, and CT in even fewer.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsies, Partial', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Organotechnetium Compounds', 'Oximes', 'Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 2,110,581
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.691.825'], ['D02.092.570.665'], ['D02.092.570.665.810', 'D02.691.825.562'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The Central Massachusetts Oral Health Initiative (CMOHI): a successful public-private community health collaboration.
|
OBJECTIVES: The Central Massachusetts Oral Health Initiative (CMOHI) aimed to improve access to quality oral health care in central Massachusetts.METHODS: A broad-based public and private organization partnership with local and national funding created a steering committee to organize school administrators, community leaders, and a medical school to collaborate on five goals: advocate for changes in oral health policy, increase oral health care access, provide school-based dental services for underserved children, establish a Dental General Practice Residency, and educate medical professionals about oral health.RESULTS: A state legislative Oral Health Caucus helped secure sought-after policy improvements; more regional dentists now accept Medicaid; community health center capacity to provide dental services was expanded; school-based programs were designed and delivered needed dental services; a dental residency was created; and methods of educating medical professionals were established.CONCLUSIONS: Significant sustainable gains in oral health care access were created through our multifaceted approach, ongoing evaluation and communication, coordination of CMOHI partner resources, and collaboration with other involved parties.
|
['Education, Dental, Graduate', 'Foundations', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Massachusetts', 'Oral Health', 'Public-Private Sector Partnerships', 'School Dentistry']
| 20,663,048
|
[['I02.358.274.482', 'I02.358.337.249'], ['N03.219.483.311', 'N03.540.630.180'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875.550.510'], ['N01.400.535'], ['J01.219.843', 'N03.540.706'], ['H02.163.809', 'N02.421.726.809.576']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Bronchoalveolar lavage. Quantitation of intraalveolar fluid?
|
A precise calculation of the amount of intraalveolar fluid is the basis of a quantitative analysis of intraalveolar compounds. Different approaches have been made to cover this important problem. Here, we report a comparative study with five markers: 99mTc-DTPA, 51Cr-EDTA, inulin, urea, and methylene blue in animal experiments as well as in human experiments. The marker substances were added to the lavage fluid, and the "dilution" of the markers, i.e., the alveolar fluid, was calculated. The results showed that in animals with healthy lungs the tracer methods are able to calculate amounts of intraalveolar fluid that are comparable to morphologic findings. In animals as well as in humans, methylene blue and inulin were shown to be useless in determining alveolar fluid volume compared with the tracer methods. In humans, the calculations with the urea method and with Tc-DTPA were in the same magnitude, but there was no individual correlation. We conclude that, at present, the methods to quantitate alveolar fluid volume lack precision and add nothing to a deeper understanding of alveolar biology.
|
['Animals', 'Body Fluids', 'Bronchitis', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'Chronic Disease', 'Edetic Acid', 'Humans', 'Inulin', 'Lung Diseases', 'Methylene Blue', 'Pulmonary Alveoli', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Rats', 'Sarcoidosis', 'Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate', 'Urea']
| 8,420,409
|
[['B01.050'], ['A12.207'], ['C01.748.099', 'C08.127.446', 'C08.381.495.146', 'C08.730.099'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.562.855.750', 'D09.301.915.750', 'D09.698.350.500', 'D09.698.365.855.750'], ['C08.381'], ['D02.886.369.517', 'D03.633.300.783.517'], ['A04.411.715'], ['C08.381.742'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C15.604.515.827'], ['D02.092.782.590.883', 'D02.241.081.018.639.883', 'D02.691.825.875'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biological and virologic characteristics of primary HIV infection.
|
BACKGROUND: The clinical events surrounding acute HIV-1 infection have been well described, but little is known about whether the virologic course of acute HIV-1 infection influences the subsequent progression of disease.OBJECTIVE: To define the virologic natural history of acute and very early HIV infection.DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study.SETTING: University of Washington Research ClinicPARTICIPANTS: 74 adults enrolled soon after acquisition of HIV (mean, 69 days).MEASUREMENTS: Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels; quantitative cell cultures; CD4 cell counts; and detailed clinical assessments done at study entry, biweekly for 1 month, monthly for 2 months, and quarterly thereafter.RESULTS: In the first 30 days after acquisition of HIV, HIV-1 RNA levels varied greatly among participants (range, 27,200 to 1.6 x 10(6) copies per mL of plasma). Levels of HIV-1 RNA decreased by a mean of 6.5% per week for the first 120 days and then increased by a mean of 0.15% per week. CD4 cell counts decreased by a mean of 5.2 cells/mm3 per week for the first 160 days and by a mean of 1.9 cells/mm3 per week thereafter (P < 0.01). Disease progressed faster in participants who sought medical care for their acute seroconversion syndrome (P = 0.01) and those who had high plasma HIV-1 RNA levels 120 to 365 days after acquisition (P < 0.01). Peak levels in the first 120 days were not predictive of disease progression.CONCLUSIONS: The variability in viral RNA levels associated with acute HIV-1 infection is greater than previously appreciated. Within 120 days of acquisition, plasma HIV RNA levels rapidly decrease to an inflection point, after which they gradually increase. Virus-host interactions soon after acquisition seem to have a major influence on the long-term outcome of HIV-1 disease.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'CD4 Lymphocyte Count', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'HIV Seropositivity', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'RNA, Viral', 'Viral Load']
| 9,537,934
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C01.221.250.875.500', 'C01.221.812.640.400.500', 'C01.778.640.400.500', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.500', 'C01.925.813.400.500', 'C20.673.480.500'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Plasma cortisol levels in the newborn infants with hypoxic and traumatic injuries of the spinal cord].
|
Adrenal glucocorticoid function was studied in 56 newborns with natal injuries of the cervical section of the spine and the contribution of the hypoxic factor to such injuries defined. The babies were examined by the cliniconeurologic and electron-neuromyographic methods in order to specify the level of the injury. Blood serum and umbilical blood hydrocortisone levels were radioimmunoassayed immediately at birth and on days 5-7 of life. Spinal injury at the C1-C4 level was associated with low hydrocortisone levels, that may be regarded as an additional criterion for the differentiation of the level of injury in traumas of the cervical portion of the spine in the newborns.
|
['Asphyxia Neonatorum', 'Birth Injuries', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Spinal Injuries']
| 1,789,340
|
[['C16.614.092'], ['C16.614.131', 'C26.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['C26.117.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Antigen-specific serotyping of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. I. Use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to quantitate pilus antigens on gonococci.
|
Purified pili from Neisseria gonorrhoeae were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to quantitate human or rabbit antibodies to pili; amounts of pilus antigen on different gonococci were quantitated, and yields of pili during purification were determined in ELISA by the degree of inhibition of optical density. The amount of pilus antigen expressed on the surface of colony type 1 or 2 gonococci of three different strains varied from 450 to 9,000 ng/600 microliter of a 200-Klett unit suspension. The quantity of pilus antigen was correlated directly with the extent of piliation as determined by electron microscopy. No pilus antigen was found by ELISA in colony type 4 organisms (devoid of pili) of three different strains. No more than 10% shared antigenicity was observed for antigenically different pili. Present purification procedures for gonococcal pili provide a yield of approximately 15%. ELISA may allow better evaluation and quantitation of the potential roles of antibody to pili in the killing or opsonization of gonococci or in the inhibition of gonococcal attachment to human cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Bacterial', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Epitopes', 'Humans', 'Neisseria gonorrhoeae', 'Rabbits', 'Serotyping']
| 81,246
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.161'], ['D23.050.301'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D23.050.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.440.400.425.550.550.474', 'B03.660.075.525.520.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The behavior of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in rats subject to audiogenic stress].
|
The behaviour of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in adult albino rats was studied during audiogenic stress (92 dB - 2000 Hz) for different experimental times (4-8-12-16-20-24-28 min). The results show the two-phase behaviour of PRA (plasma renin activity), which is related to aldosterone levels. These changes do not appear to depend on plasma electrolytes (sodium and potassium), while a possible role of ACTH is suggested.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Aldosterone', 'Angiotensin I', 'Angiotensins', 'Animals', 'Male', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Renin', 'Sodium', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 399,928
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Comparison of clinical efficacy of lomefloxacin (LFLX, NY-198) and pipemidic acid (PPA) in the treatment of infectious enteritis by a double-blind method. The Japan Research Committee of Lomefloxacin Research Group Enteritis].
|
The clinical efficacy, safety and usefulness of lomefloxacin (LFLX, NY-198), a new quinolone antimicrobial agent, were compared with those of pipemidic acid (PPA) in the treatment of infectious enteritis (bacillary dysentery, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli enteritis and Campylobacter enteritis) by a double blind method. Daily dosage of LFLX and PPA was 600 mg and 2000 mg, respectively administered orally divided into 4 doses. The duration of the treatment was 5 days. Of 290 cases studied, 100 cases were excluded and 21 cases were dropped from analysis of effectiveness and usefulness. The effectiveness and usefulness was evaluated in 169 cases (LFLX group: 83, PPA group: 86). There was no significance difference between the two groups in any background characteristics. The results obtained were as follows: 1. In 73 symptomatic patients (LFLX group: 35, PPA group: 38) on the day of the beginning of administration, the clinical effect was 91.4% in the LFLX group and 84.2% in the PPA group with no significant difference between the two groups. 2. In a total of 184 strains (LFLX group: 90, PPA group: 94), the bacteriological effects of LFLX (93.3%) was superior to that of PPA (80.9%) with significant difference (p = 0.0153). 3. In 169 evaluable patients, the global clinical effects of LFLX (92.8%) was superior to that of PPA (79.1%) with a significant difference (P = 0.0144). 4. Side effects were observed in 1 (0.7%) of the 141 patients in the LFLX group and none of the 143 patients in the PPA group. Abnormal laboratory test values were noted in 10 (7.6%) of the 132 patients treated with FLLX and 7 (5.1%) of the 136 patients treated with PPA, but they as no significant difference between the two groups. 5. In 169 evaluable patients, the clinical usefulness of LFLX (91.6%) was superior to that of PPA (76.7%) with a significant difference (P = 0.0111). From these results, LFLX is considered to be a clinically useful medicine in the treatment of infectious enteritis including bacillary dysentery.
|
['4-Quinolones', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Enteritis', 'Female', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multicenter Studies as Topic', 'Nicotinic Acids', 'Pipemidic Acid', 'Quinolones']
| 2,693,542
|
[['D03.633.100.810.835.830'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['C01.150.252'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['C06.405.205.462', 'C06.405.469.326'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.658', 'N05.715.360.330.643', 'N06.850.520.450.643'], ['D03.066.515', 'D03.383.725.547'], ['D03.066.515.635', 'D03.383.606.765', 'D03.383.725.547.635'], ['D03.633.100.810.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Visually guided head movement in the African chameleon.
|
Visually guided head movement was studied in the African chameleon. Within certain ranges of frequencies and amplitudes, the chameleons followed horizontal, sinusoidal cricket (bait) movement with sinusoidal head movement and no apparent eye movement. Although head movement lagged behind bait movement, the chameleons used head amplitudes that minimized the motion of the bait relative to the head.
|
['Animals', 'Female', 'Fixation, Ocular', 'Head', 'Lizards', 'Models, Biological', 'Motion Perception', 'Movement', 'Pursuit, Smooth', 'Saccades']
| 4,049,743
|
[['B01.050'], ['G14.350.253'], ['A01.456'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.393'], ['E05.599.395'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['G14.350.453'], ['G14.350.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Charge nurses: critical change agents for successful restructuring.
|
Charge nurses know a unit's needs, difficulties, strong points, and successes. Therefore, charge nurses are often the key people that make restructuring work at the unit level. This article describes how to empower charge nurses so they can be the drivers for today's changes.
|
['Hospital Restructuring', 'Humans', 'Nurse Administrators', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Nursing, Supervisory', 'Organizational Innovation']
| 8,715,120
|
[['N02.278.216.500.988', 'N04.452.442.452.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.526.070.670', 'M01.526.485.650.580', 'N02.360.650.580'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N04.452.758.377.750'], ['N04.452.610']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Effects of various forms of myocardial protection on cardiac function, metabolism, and blood flow (author's transl)].
|
The myocardial protective effect of two cardioplegic solutions was studied after an ischemic period of 2 h in eight dogs. Group I received a high potassium solution (St. Thomas Hospital) and group II a sodium withdrawal solution with high colloid osmotic pressure (Eppendorf solution). With the exception of a prolonged myocardial K+ washout (10 min) in group I, which was presumably responsible for fibrillation in the early reperfusion period, no major metabolic or perfusion differences between the two groups were observed. After 30 min of reperfusion, postischemic LV function (-43%) and O2 uptake (-43%) were equally reduced in both groups.
|
['Animals', 'Cardiac Output', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Dogs', 'Heart Arrest, Induced', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen Consumption']
| 7,389,467
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E04.100.376.374', 'E04.928.220.360'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['G03.680']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vasopressin-independent alterations in renal water excretion in quadriplegia.
|
Postural effects on water excretion are known to be increased in patients with cervical spinal cord injury and may result in marked impairment of the ability to excrete a water load, especially in erect posture. Both vasopressin-dependent and vasopressin-independent mechanisms have been implicated. To assess the roles of these mechanisms and further identify the factors involved in the renal response to erect posture, sustained water loading studies were performed on 11 quadriplegic subjects and 9 healthy control subjects, supine and erect (sitting). Renal blood flow was assessed by p-aminohippurate clearance (CPAH) measurements in 7 quadriplegic and 5 control subjects. During maximal water diuresis, plasma vasopressin concentrations were reduced to unquantifiable levels in all subjects. Osmolar clearance, free water clearance (CH2O), and distal delivery of filtrate (DDF) were all lower in quadriplegic than in control subjects, supine and erect. The relationship between CH2O and DDF was the same in quadriplegic as in control subjects and was not altered by change in posture in either group. Creatinine clearance and CPAH were lower in erect than in supine posture in quadriplegic subjects but not in control subjects. We conclude that impairment of water excretion in stable normonatremic quadriplegic subjects can be attributed primarily to vasopressin-independent mechanisms involving reduced filtrate delivery to diluting segments of the renal tubules rather than to resistance to normal suppression of vasopressin release.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Diuresis', 'Drinking', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Posture', 'Quadriplegia', 'Regression Analysis', 'Supine Position', 'Vasopressins']
| 8,368,402
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G08.852.179'], ['G07.203.650.283.249', 'G10.261.330.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G11.427.695'], ['C10.597.622.760', 'C23.888.592.636.786'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G11.427.695.625'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781', 'D12.644.400.900', 'D12.644.456.925', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781', 'D12.776.631.650.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Emergence of a new clone carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type V among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Greece.
|
Clonal analysis and PCR screening for the presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes was performed among 694 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cases collected during a 2-y period in Greece. The detection rate of PVL-positive MRSA is high, both in the community and in hospital. Clonal analysis revealed the predominance among the PVL-positive strains of the clonal complex CC80 (ST80-IV) and the emergence of ST377 clone carrying agr1 allele and SCCmec type V.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Community-Acquired Infections', 'Cross Infection', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Exotoxins', 'Greece', 'Humans', 'Leukocidins', 'Methicillin Resistance', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Virulence Factors']
| 18,418,797
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D23.946.123'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['C01.234'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['D23.946.350'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.695.750'], ['G06.099.225.500.600.525', 'G06.225.347.500.600.525', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.500.600.525'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D23.946.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A new method for clinical assessment of the negative inotropic action of anaesthetics--with special reference to isoflurane and its effect on myocardial oxygenation.
|
A new method for maintaining the peripheral determinants of myocardial oxygen demand constant is described. Intravenously administered phenylephrine and nitroglycerin were used to control afterload and preload. Heart rate was kept constant with atrial pacing. The method was used to establish the in vivo negative inotropic effect of 1% end-tidal isoflurane in eight patients with ischaemic heart disease during positive pressure ventilation (IPPV). Stroke volume measured during steady-state isoflurane anaesthesia and IPPV with preload, afterload, and heart rate kept constant was 23% below awake control. The decrease in myocardial oxygen consumption was 22% and correlated well (r = 0.891) with the fall in left ventricular performance (stroke volume).
|
['Anesthetics', 'Cardiac Output', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation', 'Isoflurane', 'Methyl Ethers', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Myocardium', 'Nitroglycerin', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Phenylephrine']
| 6,435,382
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.625.790.550', 'E02.880.820.790.550'], ['D02.355.601.570'], ['D02.355.601'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D02.640.636'], ['G03.680'], ['D02.033.100.291.617', 'D02.092.063.291.617']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Victimization, Suicidal Ideation, and Alcohol Use From Age 13 to 15 Years: Support for the Self-Medication Model.
|
PURPOSE: Recent years have seen increased coverage of adolescent victimization and suicide. Both adolescent peer victimization and substance use have been associated with suicidal ideation, with evidence suggesting that all three factors are interrelated. There are at least four models which can explain the associations between these factors (i.e., self-medication, secondary mental disorder, bidirectional, and common factor). However, none of them is being empirically supported as the dominant model because few longitudinal studies have explored the association between these factors.METHODS: The present study compared longitudinal paths of all four models simultaneously using a cross-lagged model. This was done using self-reported measures of peer victimization, suicidal ideation, and alcohol use at age 13, 14, and 15 years in a longitudinal sample of 238 adolescents.RESULTS: All three variables were moderately stable across time. Significant cross-lagged associations were found, showing that frequent peer victimization at age 13 years was associated with higher odds of having suicidal ideation at age 14 years (odds ratio, 1.82; p < .05). In turn, presence of suicidal ideation at age 14 years was significantly associated with higher alcohol use frequency at age 15 years (â = .13; p < .05).CONCLUSIONS: Results support previous literature suggesting that peer victimization predates alcohol use and extends it by showing clear directionality between suicidal ideation and alcohol use over 1 year, supporting the self-medication model. Clarifying the empirical basis of these underlying models could allow for earlier prevention strategies, by targeting the risk factor that appears the earliest in the model.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Bullying', 'Crime Victims', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Models, Psychological', 'Peer Group', 'Quebec', 'Self Medication', 'Self Report', 'Suicidal Ideation']
| 27,914,973
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['F01.145.126.125.550', 'F01.145.813.213.500', 'I01.880.735.070'], ['M01.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['Z01.107.567.176.791'], ['E02.319.900', 'E02.900.900'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.149', 'I01.880.735.856.149']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Bone marrow findings in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
|
The cytology and culture of bone marrow aspirate in sixty-two newly diagnosed patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. The findings were depressed erythroid activity in 69% of the patients, micronormoblastic changes in 18% and megaloblastic changes in 16.6%. Myeloid activity was increased in 65% of the patients. Normal looking plasma cells above 5% was found in 17.7% of the bone marrow aspirates while 12.9% had eosinophilic precursors above 5% in the marrow. None of the marrow smears showed granuloma formation or caseation necrosis. The bone marrow cultures yielded no growth of Mycobaterium tuberculosis while stainable iron in the marrow was found to be low or negative in 88.8% of the patients.
|
['Bone Marrow', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Megakaryocytes', 'Nigeria', 'Tuberculosis, Pulmonary']
| 15,032,462
|
[['A15.382.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.148.479', 'A15.378.316.479'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846.899', 'C01.748.939', 'C08.381.922', 'C08.730.939']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effect of Alirocumab on Mortality After Acute Coronary Syndromes.
|
BACKGROUND: Previous trials of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9) inhibitors demonstrated reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events, but not death. We assessed the effects of alirocumab on death after index acute coronary syndrome.METHODS: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) was a double-blind, randomized comparison of alirocumab or placebo in 18 924 patients who had an ACS 1 to 12 months previously and elevated atherogenic lipoproteins despite intensive statin therapy. Alirocumab dose was blindly titrated to target achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between 25 and 50 mg/dL. We examined the effects of treatment on all-cause death and its components, cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death, with log-rank testing. Joint semiparametric models tested associations between nonfatal cardiovascular events and cardiovascular or noncardiovascular death.RESULTS: Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Death occurred in 334 (3.5%) and 392 (4.1%) patients, respectively, in the alirocumab and placebo groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98; P=0.03, nominal P value). This resulted from nonsignificantly fewer cardiovascular (240 [2.5%] vs 271 [2.9%]; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05; P=0.15) and noncardiovascular (94 [1.0%] vs 121 [1.3%]; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.01; P=0.06) deaths with alirocumab. In a prespecified analysis of 8242 patients eligible for ?3 years follow-up, alirocumab reduced death (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.94; P=0.01). Patients with nonfatal cardiovascular events were at increased risk for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths ( P<0.0001 for the associations). Alirocumab reduced total nonfatal cardiovascular events ( P<0.001) and thereby may have attenuated the number of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths. A post hoc analysis found that, compared to patients with lower LDL-C, patients with baseline LDL-C ?100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L) had a greater absolute risk of death and a larger mortality benefit from alirocumab (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.90; Pinteraction=0.007). In the alirocumab group, all-cause death declined with achieved LDL-C at 4 months of treatment, to a level of approximately 30 mg/dL (adjusted P=0.017 for linear trend).CONCLUSIONS: Alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy has the potential to reduce death after acute coronary syndrome, particularly if treatment is maintained for ?3 years, if baseline LDL-C is ?100 mg/dL, or if achieved LDL-C is low.CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01663402.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,117,810
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.519.186.071.202.370', 'D27.505.519.389.370', 'D27.505.954.557.500.202.370'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Crystal deposits on the lens capsules in Bietti crystalline corneoretinal dystrophy associated with a mutation in the CYP4V2 gene.
|
PURPOSE: We report a patient (Case 1) with Bietti crystalline corneoretinal dystrophy (BCD) associated with previously unknown findings of crystal-like deposits on the anterior and posterior lens capsules. This patient is one of four (Cases 1-4) in whom we have found BCD associated with the same mutation in the CYP4V2 gene.METHODS: We present a case report with molecular diagnosis. A 45-year-old man (Case 1) was referred to our clinic with complaints of gradual progression of visual disturbances and night blindness. His visual acuity was limited to hand movement bilaterally. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy disclosed glistening, crystal-like deposits on the anterior and posterior lens capsules, as well as on the corneal stroma near the corneoscleral limbus. No such deposit was found in the lens stroma. Fundus examination disclosed profound chorioretinal atrophy with scarce crystal deposits. Full-field electroretinography showed extinguished responses of isolated rods, isolated cones, and mixed rods and cones.RESULTS: Molecular genetic analysis revealed that the subject had a homozygous mutation in the CYP4V2 gene (IVS6-8delTCATACAGGTCATCGCG/insGC), which is most commonly found in Japanese patients with BCD. Three other cases (Cases 2-4) of BCD associated with the same mutation did not show such crystal-like deposits on the lens surface.CONCLUSIONS: Although their exact origin remains unknown, crystal-like deposits may appear on the lens capsule of patients with BCD associated with a mutation in the CYP4V2 gene.
|
['Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary', 'Corneal Stroma', 'Crystallization', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Cytochrome P450 Family 4', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Electroretinography', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lens Capsule, Crystalline', 'Lens Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mutation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Retinal Degeneration', 'Visual Acuity']
| 19,508,456
|
[['C11.204.236', 'C11.270.162', 'C16.320.290.162'], ['A09.371.060.217.228'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D08.244.453.870', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.496', 'D12.776.422.220.453.870'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['E01.370.380.225', 'E01.370.405.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A09.371.060.500.155'], ['C11.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['C11.270.612', 'C11.768.585'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Deployment of DGT units in marine waters to assess the environmental risk from a deep sea tailings outfall.
|
Measurements of total, filterable and DGT-labile concentrations of nine metals (Al, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Mn, Ni and Zn) have been made at five sites up to 4.2km from a deep sea tailings outfall operated by Lihir Gold Ltd. at Lihir Island, Papua New Guinea. At each site, pairs of DGT units (one containing a 0.4mm and the other a 0.8mm diffusive gel layer) were deployed at three depths (50-70; 105-130; 135-155m) for 4-7 days. Comparison of predicted water column DGT-labile metal concentrations in field deployments showed the 0.8mm DGT units were relatively enriched in metals, with the effect being greatest closer to the outfall for Pb and Mn and least for Fe, Cr, Ni and Zn. The most likely explanation for this is that in addition to simple ion diffusion, kinetic factors associated with ageing or desorption processes govern release of metals from iron and aluminium oxyhydroxide colloids which diffuse through the gels. The thicker gels have a longer residence time over which metals can be released for adsorption. This model explains why enrichment is most pronounced near the outfall; more distant sites have lower colloid concentrations because of the longer time for coagulation to increase particle sizes to the extent they cannot enter the gels. Total and filterable metal (FM) concentrations were frequently below the limits of detection (LOD) achievable by conventional ICP-AES (1-52microgL(-1)) and this limited their usefulness for assessing environmental risk and for metal speciation determination. Because of its pre-concentration step DGT gave metal concentrations above their LODs and these decreased exponentially with distance from the outfall. Concentrations of DGT-labile metal fell below Australian water quality guidelines for protection of 99% of marine organisms within 0.13km of the outfall for Cd, Cr and Ni and below that for protection of 95% of marine organisms within 0.4, 0.7 and 3.6km for lead, zinc and copper, respectively.
|
['Environmental Monitoring', 'Metals', 'Risk', 'Seawater', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 19,786,183
|
[['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D01.552'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Spectrin-like proteins in plant nuclei.
|
We analysed the presence and localization of spectrin-like proteins in nuclei of various plant tissues, using several anti-erythrocyte spectrin antibodies on isolated pea nuclei and nuclei in cells. Western blots of extracted purified pea nuclei show a cross-reactive pair of bands at 220-240 kDa, typical for human erythrocyte spectrin, and a prominent 60 kDa band. Immunolocalization by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy reveals spectrin-like proteins in distinct spots equally distributed in the nucleoplasm and over the nuclear periphery, independent of the origin of the anti-spectrin antibodies used. In some nuclei tracks of spectrin-like proteins are also observed. No signal is present in nucleoli. The amount and intensity of signal increases when nuclei were extracted, successively, with detergents, DNase I and RNase A, and high salt, indicating that the spectrin-like protein is associated with the nuclear matrix. The labelling is similar in nuclei of various plant tissues. These data are the first that show the presence and localization of spectrin-like epitopes in plant nuclei, where they may stabilize specific interchromatin domains.
|
['Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Microfilament Proteins', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Nuclear Matrix', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Peas', 'Plant Proteins', 'Spectrin']
| 10,875,890
|
[['E05.242.251'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D05.750.078.730', 'D12.776.220.525'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.700'], ['D12.776.660'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.630'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D12.776.220.980', 'D12.776.543.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intrabodies against the Polysialyltransferases ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV inhibit Polysialylation of NCAM in rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells.
|
BACKGROUND: Polysialic acid (polySia) is a carbohydrate modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), which is implicated in neural differentiation and plays an important role in tumor development and metastasis. Polysialylation of NCAM is mediated by two Golgi-resident polysialyltransferases (polyST) ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV. Intracellular antibodies (intrabodies; IB) expressed inside the ER and retaining proteins passing the ER such as cell surface receptors or secretory proteins provide an efficient means of protein knockdown. To inhibit the function of ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV specific ER IBs were generated starting from two corresponding hybridoma clones. Both IBs áST8SiaII-IB and áST8SiaIV-IB were constructed in the scFv format and their functions characterized in vitro and in vivo.RESULTS: IBs directed against the polySTs prevented the translocation of the enzymes from the ER to the Golgi-apparatus. Co-immunoprecipitation of ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV with the corresponding IBs confirmed the intracellular interaction with their cognate antigens. In CHO cells overexpressing ST8SiaII and ST8SiaIV, respectively, the transfection with áST8SiaII-IB or áST8SiaIV-IB inhibited significantly the cell surface expression of polysialylated NCAM. Furthermore stable expression of ST8SiaII-IB, ST8SiaIV-IB and luciferase in the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line TE671 reduced cell surface expression of polySia and delayed tumor growth if cells were xenografted into C57BL/6 J RAG-2 mice.CONCLUSION: Data obtained strongly indicate that áST8SiaII-IB and áST8SiaIV-IB are promising experimental tools to analyze the individual role of the two enzymes during brain development and during migration and proliferation of tumor cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies', 'Base Sequence', 'CHO Cells', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Plasmids', 'Rhabdomyosarcoma', 'Sialic Acids', 'Sialyltransferases', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 28,499,450
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210.200', 'A11.436.155'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.150.639', 'E05.478.605'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.250.520', 'D12.776.543.550.200.250.520', 'D23.050.301.350.250.520'], ['G05.360.600'], ['C04.557.450.590.550.660', 'C04.557.450.795.550.660'], ['D02.241.081.844.562.668', 'D02.241.511.902.562.668', 'D09.067.687.668', 'D09.811.589.668'], ['D08.811.913.400.800'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Application of empowering education in long-term care facilities: the experience with foreign nurse aides].
|
The concept of empowerment, widely accepted and utilized in many health-related disciplines, connotes a process of gaining control over one's life and influencing the organizational and social structures in which one lives. This article demonstrates an example of how empowering education can be applied on foreign nursing aides working in long-term care facilities and how differing empowering strategies, processes and effects can be adopted to address differing situations and ethnic backgrounds. How high priority issues of concern for foreign nurses are handled impacts upon their ability to perform their jobs well. Empowering strategies can help deal with such issues more effectively and, as a result, reduce work stress and improve on-the-job performance. During the preparation stage, the empowerment process focuses on building a trusting partner relationship. During the work stage, the process focuses on inspiring foreign nurses' self-awareness, encouraging their perceiving the barriers and needs at work, and, most importantly, encouraging nurses to think critically and positively and to provide feedback. The effects of empowering education include enhanced problem solving abilities, rising nurse self-confidence in his/her caretaking abilities, enhanced self-esteem, and improved adaptation to the work environment. This paper provides empirical experiences with regard to the application of empowering education in clinical settings as well as process and management strategies related to foreign nursing aides employed in long-term care facilities.
|
['Foreign Professional Personnel', 'Humans', 'Long-Term Care', 'Nursing Assistants', 'Power, Psychological']
| 16,432,793
|
[['M01.526.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.476', 'N02.421.585.476'], ['M01.526.485.067.652', 'N02.360.067.652'], ['F01.658.780']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Induction of protective immunity in chickens immunized with plant-made chimeric Bamboo mosaic virus particles expressing very virulent Infectious bursal disease virus antigen.
|
Very virulent Infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) causes a highly contagious disease in young chickens and leads to significant economic loss in the poultry industry. Effective new vaccines are urgently needed. Autonomously replicating plant virus-based vector provides attractive means for producing chimeric virus particles (CVPs) in plants that can be developed into vaccines. In this study, we demonstrate the potential for vaccine development of Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) epitope-presentation system, where the antigen from vvIBDV VP2 was fused to the N-terminus of BaMV coat protein. Accordingly, an infections plasmid, pBIBD2, was constructed. Inoculation of the recombinant BaMV clone pBIBD2 enabled the generation of chimeric virus, BIBD2, and stable expression of IBDV VP2 antigen on its coat protein. After intramuscular immunization with BIBD2 CVPs, chickens produced antibodies against IBDV and were protected from vvIBDV (V263/TW strain) challenges. These results corroborate the feasibility of BaMV-based CVP platform in plants for the development and production of vaccines against IBDV.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Antigens, Viral', 'Birnaviridae Infections', 'Chickens', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Carriers', 'Infectious bursal disease virus', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Plants', 'Plasmids', 'Potexvirus', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Survival Analysis', 'Vaccines, Synthetic', 'Viral Vaccines']
| 22,406,128
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['D23.050.327'], ['C01.925.782.123'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['B04.820.223.500.060.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['B01.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['B04.715.260.575', 'B04.820.578.375.575'], ['C22.131.728'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['D12.776.828.868', 'D20.215.894.865', 'D23.050.865'], ['D20.215.894.899']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The New York Islands AVM Study: design, study progress, and initial results.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Prospective population-based data on the incidence of brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM) hemorrhage are scarce. We studied lifetime detection rates of brain AVM and incident AVM hemorrhage in a defined population.METHODS: The New York islands (ie, Manhattan Island, Staten Island, and Long Island) comprise a 9,429,541 population according to the 2000 census. Since March 15, 2000, all major New York islands hospitals have prospectively reported data on consecutive patients living in the study area with a diagnosis of brain AVM and whether the patient had suffered AVM hemorrhage. Patients living outside the ZIP code-defined study area were excluded from the study population.RESULTS: As of June 14, 2002, 284 prospective AVM patients (mean+/-SD age, 35+/-18 years; 49% women) were encountered during 21,216,467 person-years of observation, leading to an average annual AVM detection rate of 1.34 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 1.18 to 1.49). The incidence of first-ever AVM hemorrhage (n=108; mean age, 31+/-19 years; 45% women) was 0.51 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI, 0.41 to 0.61). The estimated prevalence of AVM hemorrhage among detected cases (n=144; mean age, 33+/-19 years; 50% women) was 0.68 per 100,000 (95% CI, 0.57 to 0.79).CONCLUSIONS: Our prospective data, spanning 27 months, suggest stable rates for AVM detection and incident AVM hemorrhage. Approximately half of AVM patients may suffer intracranial hemorrhage.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Child', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New York City', 'Population Surveillance', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Research Design', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 12,690,217
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C10.228.140.300.520', 'C10.500.190.500', 'C14.240.850.750.295', 'C14.240.850.875.500', 'C14.907.150.295', 'C14.907.253.560.400', 'C16.131.240.850.750.295', 'C16.131.240.850.875.500', 'C16.131.666.190.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A single residue determines substrate preference in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid N-methyltransferases.
|
N-methylation is a recurring feature in the biosynthesis of many plant specialized metabolites, including alkaloids. A crucial step in the conserved central pathway that provides intermediates for the biosynthesis of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) involves conversion of the secondary amine (S)-coclaurine into the tertiary amine (S)-N-methylcoclaurine by coclaurine N-methyltransferase (CNMT). Subsequent enzymatic steps yield the core intermediate (S)-reticuline, from which various branch pathways for the biosynthesis of major BIAs such as morphine, noscapine and sanguinarine diverge. An additional N-methylation yielding quaternary BIAs is catalyzed by reticuline N-methyltransferase (RNMT), such as in the branch pathway leading to the taxonomically widespread and ecologically significant alkaloid magnoflorine. Despite their functional differences, analysis of primary sequence information has been unable to accurately distinguish between CNMT-like and RNMT-like enzymes, necessitating laborious in vitro screening. Furthermore, despite a recent emphasis on structural characterization of BIA NMTs, the features and mechanisms underlying the CNMT-RNMT functional dichotomy were unknown. We report the identification of structural variants tightly correlated with function in known BIA NMTs and show through reciprocal mutagenesis that a single residue acts as a switch between CNMT- and RNMT-like functions. We use yeast in vivo screening to show that this discovery allows for accurate prediction of activity strictly from primary sequence information and, on this basis, improve the annotation of previously reported putative BIA NMTs. Our results highlight the unusually short mutational distance separating ancestral CNMT-like enzymes from more evolutionarily advanced RNMT-like enzymes, and thus help explain the widespread yet sporadic occurrence of quaternary BIAs in plants. While this is the first report of structural variants controlling mono-versus di-methylation activity among plant NMT enzymes, comparison with bacterial MT enzymes also suggests possible convergent evolution.
|
['Alkaloids', 'Benzylisoquinolines', 'Methyltransferases', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Structure', 'Phytochemicals']
| 31,765,874
|
[['D03.132'], ['D03.132.098', 'D03.633.100.531.085'], ['D08.811.913.555.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D23.704']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Gait pattern differences in children with unilateral cerebral palsy.
|
Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have atypical body posture patterns and abnormal gait patterns resulting from functional strategies to compensate for primary anomalies that are directly attributable to damage to the central nervous system. Our previous study revealed two different postural patterns in children with unilateral CP: (1) a pattern with overloading of the affected body side and (2) a pattern with under-loading of the affected side. The purpose of present study was to test whether different gait patterns dependent on weight distribution between the affected and unaffected body sides could be detected in these children. The study included 45 outpatients with unilateral CP and 51 children with mild scoliosis (reference group). The examination consisted of two inter-related parts: paedobarographic measurements of the body mass distribution between the body sides and three-dimensional instrumented gait analysis. Using cluster analysis based on the Gillette Gait Index (GGI) values, three gait patterns were described: a scoliotic gait pattern and two hemiplegic gait patterns, corresponding to overloading/under-loading of the hemi-side, which are the pro-gravitational gait pattern (PGP) and the anti-gravitational gait pattern (AGP), respectively. The results of this study showed that subjects with AGP presented a higher degree of deviation from the normal gait than children with PGP. This proof that there are differences in the GGI between the AGP and PGP could be a starting point to identify kinematic differences between these gaits in a follow-up study.
|
['Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cerebral Palsy', 'Child', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Female', 'Gait Disorders, Neurologic', 'Hemiplegia', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Scoliosis', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 24,946,266
|
[['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C10.228.140.140.254'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['C10.597.404', 'C23.888.592.413'], ['C10.597.622.295', 'C23.888.592.636.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.800.875'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of wastewater treatment by two microbial fuel cells in continuous flow operation.
|
A two serially connected single-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) was applied to the treatment of diluted molasses wastewater in a continuous operation mode. In addition, the effect of series and parallel connection between the anodes and the cathode on power generation was investigated experimentally. The two serially connected MFC process achieved 79.8% of chemical oxygen demand removal and 11.6% of Coulombic efficiency when the hydraulic retention time of the whole process was 26 h. The power densities were 0.54, 0.34 and 0.40 W m(-3) when electrodes were in individual connection, serial connection and parallel connection modes, respectively. A high open circuit voltage was obtained in the serial connection. Power density decreased at low organic loading rates (OLR) due to the shortage of organic matter. Power generation efficiency tended to decrease as a result of enhancement of methane fermentation at high OLRs. Therefore, high power density and efficiency can be achieved by using a suitable OLR range.
|
['Bioelectric Energy Sources', 'Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis', 'Bioreactors', 'Fermentation', 'Methane', 'Molasses', 'Waste Disposal, Fluid', 'Waste Water']
| 26,109,271
|
[['E07.305.124.150'], ['N06.850.460.350.080.500', 'N06.850.780.375.349'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D02.455.326.146.571'], ['G07.203.300.662', 'J02.500.662'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.890', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600.900'], ['D20.944.932', 'N06.850.460.710.865']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Arginine dynamics in a membrane-bound cationic beta-hairpin peptide from solid-state NMR.
|
The site-specific motion of Arg residues in a membrane-bound disulfide-linked antimicrobial peptide, protegrin-1 (PG-1), was investigated by using magic-angle-spinning solid-state NMR spectroscopy to better understand the membrane insertion and lipid interaction of this cationic membrane-disruptive peptide. The C-H and N-H dipolar couplings and 13C chemical shift anisotropies were measured in the anionic POPE/POPG membrane, and were found to be reduced from the rigid-limit values by varying extents; this indicates the presence of segmental motion. An Arg residue at the beta-turn region of the peptide showed much weaker spin interactions, which indicates larger amplitudes of motion than an Arg residue in the beta-strand region of the peptide. This is consistent with the exposure of the beta turn to the membrane surface and the immersion of the beta strand in the hydrophobic middle of the membrane, and supports the previously proposed oligomerization of the peptide into beta barrels in the anionic membrane. The 13C T2 and 1H T(1rho) relaxation times indicate that the beta-turn backbone undergoes large-amplitude intermediate-timescale motion in the fluid phase of the membrane; this causes significant line broadening and loss of spectral intensity. This study illustrates the strong correlation between the dynamics and structure of membrane proteins, and the capability of solid-state NMR spectroscopy to provide detailed information on site-specific dynamics in complex membrane-protein assemblies.
|
['Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides', 'Arginine', 'Cations', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Movement', 'Phosphatidylethanolamines', 'Phosphatidylglycerols', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors']
| 18,442,147
|
[['D12.644.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['G02.409'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.840'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.885'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A pharmacodynamic study of the P-glycoprotein antagonist CBT-1® in combination with paclitaxel in solid tumors.
|
BACKGROUND: This pharmacodynamic trial evaluated the effect of CBT-1® on efflux by the ATP binding cassette (ABC) multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp/MDR1/ABCB1) in normal human cells and tissues. CBT-1® is an orally administered bisbenzylisoquinoline Pgp inhibitor being evaluated clinically. Laboratory studies showed potent and durable inhibition of Pgp, and in phase I studies CBT-1® did not alter the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel or doxorubicin.METHODS: CBT-1® was dosed at 500 mg/m2 for 7 days; a 3-hour infusion of paclitaxel at 135 mg/m2 was administered on day 6. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained prior to CBT-1® administration and on day 6 prior to the paclitaxel infusion. (99m)Tc-sestamibi imaging was performed on the same schedule. The area under the concentration-time curve from 0-3 hours (AUC(0-3)) was determined for (99m)Tc-sestamibi.RESULTS: Twelve patients were planned and enrolled. Toxicities were minimal and related to paclitaxel (grade 3 or 4 neutropenia in 18% of cycles). Rhodamine efflux from CD56+ PBMCs was a statistically significant 51%-100% lower (p < .0001) with CBT-1®. Among 10 patients who completed imaging, the (99m)Tc-sestamibi AUC(0-3) for liver (normalized to the AUC(0-3) of the heart) increased from 34.7% to 100.8% (median, 71.9%; p < .0001) after CBT-1® administration. Lung uptake was not changed.CONCLUSION: CBT-1® is able to inhibit Pgp-mediated efflux from PBMCs and normal liver to a degree observed with Pgp inhibitors studied in earlier clinical trials. Combined with its ease of administration and lack of toxicity, the data showing inhibition of normal tissue Pgp support further studies with CBT-1® to evaluate its ability to modulate drug uptake in tumor tissue.DISCUSSION: Although overexpression of ABCB1 and other ABC transporters has been linked with poor outcome following chemotherapy efforts to negate that through pharmacologic inhibition have generally failed. This is thought to be a result of several factors, including (a) failure to select patients with tumors in which ABCB1 is a dominant resistance mechanism; (b) inhibitors that were not potent, or that impaired drug clearance; and (c) the existence of other mechanisms of drug resistance, including other ABC transporters. Although an animal model for Pgp has been lacking, recent studies have exploited a Brca1(-/-); p53(-/-) mouse model of hereditary breast cancer that develops sporadic tumors similar to cancers in women harboring BRCA1 mutations. Treatment with doxorubicin, docetaxel, or the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib brings about shrinkage, but resistance eventually emerges. Overexpression of the Abcb1a gene, the mouse ortholog of human ABCB1, has been shown to be a mechanism of resistance in a subset of these tumors. Treating mice with resistant tumors with olaparib plus the Pgp inhibitor tariquidar resensitized the tumors to olaparib. Although results in this animal model support a new look at Pgp as a target, in this era of "targeted therapies," trial designs that directly assess modulation of drug uptake, including quantitative nuclear imaging, should be pursued before clinical efficacy assessments are undertaken. Such assessment should be performed with compounds that inhibit tissue Pgp without altering the pharmacokinetics of chemotherapeutic agents. This pharmacodynamic study demonstrated that CBT-1®, inhibits Pgp-mediated efflux from PBMCs and normal liver.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1', 'Abdominal Neoplasms', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alkaloids', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paclitaxel', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Rhodamine 123', 'Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi']
| 22,416,063
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075.063', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250.125', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400.153', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400.153', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200.125', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250.125'], ['C04.588.033'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.132'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['A03.620'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D03.633.300.953.600.500'], ['D02.626.872', 'D02.691.825.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Combined approach for parotid lithiases: A 9 cases retrospective study].
|
INTRODUCTION: Minimally invasive techniques (MIT), including sialendoscopy, extracorporeal lithotripsy and intraoral approach, have to be preferred in parotid stones removal. In case of MIT failure, a combined intra- and extra-oral approach can be achieved. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and the complications of these combined approaches.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study has been conducted on patients treated between 2006 and 2015. All adult patients presenting with one or more parotid stones and in whom TMI failed have been included. Age and sex of the patients, number, size and location of the stones, result of the procedure, occurrence of pain, swelling, or infection have been recorded.RESULTS: Nine patients were included (mean age: 56). Mean follow-up was 48 months. Eighty-eight percent of patients had an unique stone. Nine stones were extracted by combined approach. Mean diameter of the stones was 8.5mm and 33% of them were located at the junction between middle and posterior third of parotid duct. All the patients suffered preoperatively from daily retention symptoms, such as pain (55%) and swelling (100%). Two patients had an infectious complication (duct and/or gland infection). Seventy-five percent (9/12) of stones were removed. Complications consisted of 1 fistula, 1 facial paresis, 3 recurrences. Seven of 9 patients (77%) had a total relieve after surgery.DISCUSSION: Surgical combined approaches for parotid stones removals are indicated after failure of MIT when symptoms affect quality of life.
|
['Aged', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Endoscopy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lithiasis', 'Lithotripsy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oral Surgical Procedures', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pain, Postoperative', 'Parotid Diseases', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Salivary Gland Calculi', 'Surgery, Computer-Assisted', 'Transillumination']
| 28,330,572
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.186'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.537'], ['E02.600', 'E04.943.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.545', 'E06.645'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['C23.550.767.700', 'C23.888.592.612.832'], ['C07.465.815.470'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C07.465.815.497.500', 'C23.300.175.700.500'], ['E04.749'], ['E01.370.350.589.500', 'E05.642.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Neuronal migration on laminin involves neuronal contact formation followed by nuclear movement inside a preformed process.
|
Neuronal migration was investigated in rodent cerebellum in vitro and in vivo. Time-lapse video recording showed that cultured neurons migrated on laminin by first extending neurites that formed contacts with other neurons. This was followed by movement of the cell nucleus inside the preformed process. No guidance cues other than laminin were required. When the rodent premigratory (E18-P0) cerebellum was examined by immunocytochemistry, the radial glial cells were found to have extracellular punctate deposits of laminin along their fibers. Such punctate deposits of laminin were more numerous in the premigratory cerebellum than during the peak of neuronal migration (e.g., at 7-10 days postnatally). At the same time (E18-P0) L1 antigen- and neurofilament-positive, presumably granule cell processes extend radially from the external granule cell layer (EGL). These results imply that neuronal migration on laminin in vitro involves neuronal contact formation followed by nuclear movement inside a preformed process. That this mode of neuronal migration may occur in vivo is indicated by the fact that L1 antigen- and neurofilament-positive "pioneer neurites" colocalize with the punctate deposits of laminin deposited along the radial glial processes in the premigratory EGL. Taken together these results imply that the established glial dependency of the granule cell migration may in fact be dependency of the granule cells and their pioneer neurites on the punctate deposits of laminin produced and laid down by the glial cells.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Antibodies', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebellum', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Laminin', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Neurites', 'Neurofilament Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Tubulin']
| 1,499,690
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['A16.254'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.395.550.530', 'D12.776.543.550.500', 'D12.776.860.300.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['A08.675.256.500', 'A08.675.542.145.500', 'A11.284.180.610', 'A11.671.501.145.500', 'A11.671.543'], ['D05.750.078.593.630', 'D12.776.220.475.630', 'D12.776.631.630'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D05.750.078.734.800', 'D12.776.220.600.800', 'D12.776.631.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Peritonitis Affects the Relationship Between Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Events in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients.
|
BACKGROUND: In peritoneal dialysis (PD), the relationship among low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), peritonitis, and cardiovascular (CV) disease has not been clarified. This study was performed to explore their associations in a large PD cohort.METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included incident patients who received PD catheter insertion in our centre. The primary outcome was the first CV event (nonfatal myocardial infarction, CV death, non-haemorrhagic stroke, or any arterial revascularization procedure). Secondary outcomes were the occurrence of peritonitis, CV mortality, and all-cause mortality.RESULTS: This study included 1294 patients, whose mean age was 48.1 years. After adjustment for confounders in negative binomial regression models, lower LDL-C quartiles were independently associated with a higher risk of peritonitis, compared with the highest quartile. The multivariate competing risk model showed no significant association between baseline LDL-C and the first CV event in the overall population. However, stratified analysis showed that each 1 mmol/L increase in LDL-C was independently associated with a 21% (subdistribution hazard ratio: 1.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.06-1.39) increased risk of the first CV event among peritonitis-free patients, and with a 20% (subdistribution hazard ratio: 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.65-0.99) decreased risk among patients with peritonitis. Moderating-effect analysis showed that the presence of peritonitis significantly influenced the relationships between LDL-C and CV events (P < 0.001). Similar results were also observed in the relationship between LDL-C and mortality.CONCLUSIONS: PD patients with lower baseline LDL-C had a higher risk of peritonitis. The effect of LDL-C on CV events and mortality was different by the presence of peritonitis events.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cause of Death', 'China', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peritoneal Dialysis', 'Peritonitis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Rate']
| 31,785,993
|
[['D23.101'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.870.300.650', 'E02.912.800.650'], ['C01.463.600', 'C06.844.640'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Control of Ascorbate Peroxidase 2 expression by hydrogen peroxide and leaf water status during excess light stress reveals a functional organisation of Arabidopsis leaves.
|
In Arabidopsis leaves, high light stress induces rapid expression of a gene encoding a cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (APX2), whose expression is restricted to bundle sheath cells of the vascular tissue. Imaging of chlorophyll fluorescence and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) indicated that APX2 expression followed a localised increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) resulting from photosynthetic electron transport in the bundle sheath cells. Furthermore, leaf transpiration rate also increased prior to APX2 expression, suggesting that water status may also be involved in the signalling pathway. Abscisic acid stimulated APX2 expression. Exposure of ABA-insensitive mutants (abi1-1, abi2-1) to excess light resulted in reduced levels of APX2 expression and confirmed a role for ABA in the signalling pathway. ABA appears to augment the role of H2O2 in initiating APX2 expression. This regulation of APX2 may reflect a functional organisation of the leaf to resolve two conflicting physiological requirements of protecting the sites of primary photosynthesis from ROS and, at the same time, stimulating ROS accumulation to signal responses to changes in the light environment.
|
['Abscisic Acid', 'Adaptation, Physiological', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Ascorbate Peroxidases', 'Cell Respiration', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Light', 'Luciferases', 'Peroxidases', 'Photosynthesis', 'Plant Growth Regulators', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Transpiration', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Signal Transduction', 'Water']
| 12,609,042
|
[['D02.241.223.268.034', 'D02.455.326.271.665.202.061', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.024', 'D02.455.849.131.061', 'D02.455.849.765.521.500'], ['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['D08.811.682.732.165'], ['G03.197', 'G04.270'], ['G05.308.320'], ['G05.308.375'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D08.811.682.517', 'D12.776.532.510'], ['D08.811.682.732'], ['G02.111.158.937', 'G02.111.669.700', 'G02.740.921', 'G03.191.937', 'G03.493.700', 'G03.800.700', 'G15.568'], ['D27.505.696.377.760'], ['A18.024.812'], ['G15.713'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Colonoscopy by a family physician: detecting proximal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults.
|
PURPOSE: Flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS) is considered an adequate screening test in average risk (AR) patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic yield of FS in detecting colonic neoplasia between AR and high risk (HR) patients.METHODS: We present a chart review of 559 outpatient colonoscopies performed by a family physician from September 2003 to October 2007. The prevalence of neoplasia and diagnostic yield of FS was compared between groups.RESULTS: The overall prevalence of neoplasia was 23.1% (AR) and 32.8% (HR); p = 0.02. The prevalence of proximal neoplasia not detectable by FS was 10.2% (AR) and 14.5% (HR); p = 0.16. The diagnostic yield of FS in each group was 56%; FS would have missed 44% of polyps regardless of patient risk.CONCLUSIONS: The high rate of colonic neoplasia not detected by FS (44%) suggests that FS alone is inadequate for screening in AR patients.
|
['Colonic Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Military Personnel', 'Physicians, Family', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Prevalence', 'Sigmoidoscopy', 'Washington']
| 21,634,304
|
[['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.625'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200.700', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160.800', 'E04.210.240.250.160.800', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160.800'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.900', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Phylogenetic relationships of the porcine mycoplasmas Mycoplasma hyosynoviae and Mycoplasma hyopharyngis.
|
The phylogenetic positions of the porcine mycoplasmas Mycoplasma hyosynoviae and Mycoplasma hyopharyngis were determined by using PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene sequences. M. hyosynoviae is a member of the Mycoplasma hominis group, while M. hyopharyngis belongs to the Mycoplasma fermentans group of mollicutes. Neither species is closely related to previously characterized porcine mycoplasmas belonging to the Mycoplasma hyorhinis group.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mycoplasma', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Swine']
| 8,863,455
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Use of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies in diagnosing vasculitis in a Chinese patient population.
|
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) have been used as markers of systemic vasculitides, including microscopic polyarteritis (MPA) and Wegener's granulomatosis. The diagnostic potential of ANCA assays together with antibodies against the neutrophil enzymes myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 for detecting a systemic vasculitis was tested in a Chinese patient population. 672 sera were received for ANCA assay, and ANCA detected by indirect immunofluorescence was positive in 73 sera from 42 patients. Of the 42 patients, 3 had cytoplasmic ANCA, while 39 had a perinuclear pattern. There was no patient with Wegener's granulomatosis. Two cytoplasmic ANCA positive patients suffered from ulcerative colitis. Another cytoplasmic ANCA positive patient was a carrier of human immunodeficiency virus. Of the 39 perinuclear ANCA positive patients, 10 had MPA. Eight of them were tested for anti-MPO antibody, and all were positive. Other immune disorders that were perinuclear ANCA positive included: 13 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 3 with mixed connective tissue disease, 1 with Goodpasture's syndrome, 2 with inflammatory bowel disease, and 2 patients with IgA nephropathy. Anti-MPO antibody was not specific for MPA, and 7 out of the 13 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were anti-MPO antibody positive. Our study suggests that ANCA and anti-MPO antibody are not specific for MPA in a Chinese population. They would alert the clinician of the possibility of vasculitis, but a clinicopathological correlation is essential in making the diagnosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease', 'Autoantibodies', 'Biomarkers', 'China', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Cytoplasm', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Glomerulonephritis, IGA', 'Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Inflammatory Bowel Diseases', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mixed Connective Tissue Disease', 'Myeloblastin', 'Neutrophils', 'Peroxidase', 'Polyarteritis Nodosa', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Vasculitis']
| 7,915,885
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C08.381.483.156', 'C12.777.419.570.363.304', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.304', 'C20.111.190'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D23.101'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['C12.777.419.570.363.608', 'C13.351.968.419.570.363.608', 'C20.111.525'], ['C08.381.483.950', 'C14.907.940.897.249.750', 'C20.111.193.875'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.205.731', 'C06.405.469.432'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.300.540'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.530', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.530'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['C14.907.940.090.720', 'C14.907.940.897.500', 'C17.800.862.625'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['C14.907.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Influence of different storage conditions and anticoagulants on the measurement of total and acylated ghrelin in dogs: a preliminary study.
|
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare different sample treatments and storage conditions in order to determine optimal conditions for total and acylated canine ghrelin measurement using ELISA assays. Under the conditions assessed in this study, total ghrelin concentration was stable when stored at room temperature or under cooled conditions (4°C) for approximately six hours regardless of the type of anticoagulant used. When samples were stored at under -20°C, three freeze/thaw cycles during storage did not alter total ghrelin concentration if serum or plasma treated with EDTA or with EDTA-aprotinin is used. When samples were stored at under -80°C, no significant differences were observed after three freeze/thaw cycles in total ghrelin concentrations in serum or plasma treated with EDTA, EDTA-aprotinin or heparin. While acylated ghrelin showed to be very instable, its analysis should be performed within an hour of sample collection or stored at -80°C preferably in serum in order to acquire accurate data. Addition of HCl did not improve total or acylated ghrelin stability. Furthermore, acidification of plasma samples decreased the stability of total ghrelin and impeded determination of acylated ghrelin with the ELISA used in this study.
|
['Animals', 'Anticoagulants', 'Aprotinin', 'Blood Preservation', 'Dogs', 'Edetic Acid', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Ghrelin', 'Heparin', 'Hydrochloric Acid', 'Protein Stability', 'Temperature', 'Time Factors']
| 23,322,544
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D12.776.083'], ['E02.792.833.230', 'E05.760.833.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D02.092.782.258.368.250', 'D02.241.081.018.253'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['D06.472.699.301', 'D12.644.548.322'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D01.029.260.326', 'D01.210.450'], ['G02.111.700'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of combined therapy of danaparoid sodium and tranexamic acid on chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm.
|
Chronic disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a well-known complication of aortic aneurysm. A 63-year-old man with bleeding tendency and a large palpable abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) was diagnosed as having fibrinolysis dominant DIC by the excessive activation of both coagulation and fibrinolysis (plasmin -alpha2 plasmin inhibitor complex concentration is usually >4 microg/ml). Although several treatments were tried, DIC could not be controlled until the patient was given combined therapy of danaparoid (1,250 U/12 h, bolus IV) and tranexamic acid (0.5 g x 3/day, oral administration). This therapy may be beneficial when control for bleeding is required without restricting the ambulatory movement of patients by continuous drip.
|
['Anticoagulants', 'Antifibrinolytic Agents', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Chondroitin Sulfates', 'Dermatan Sulfate', 'Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Heparitin Sulfate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Tranexamic Acid']
| 16,127,203
|
[['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['D27.505.519.421.500', 'D27.505.954.502.270.463.091'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['D09.698.373.200.300'], ['D09.698.373.200.380'], ['C15.378.100.220', 'C15.378.463.250', 'C15.378.925.220'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D09.698.373.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['D02.241.223.268.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Latamoxef (moxalactam) in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
|
Forty-three patients admitted to the hospital with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with latamoxef (moxalactam) twice daily intramuscularly for 10 days. Five patients received 0.5 g injections, 23 patients 1 g and 15 patients were given 2 g. Three patients dropped out of the study; one died suddenly, one was treated with another antibiotic because of suspected Gram-negative pneumonia and one developed pneumococcal septicaemia after the active treatment course. Most strains of Haemophilus influenzae, H. parainfluenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis were successfully eradicated but, by day 17, there were 7 patients with reinfections with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Latamoxef MIC values for Str. pneumoniae varied from 0.03 to 2 g mg/1, but most were in the region of 1 mg/1. Sputum concentrations reached approximately 1.5 mg/1 on the highest dosage but only 0.25 to 1 mg/1 on the lower doses. Peak Serum concentrations with the increasing doses averaged 14, 27 and 45 mg/1 respectively. The role and dosage of latamoxef in respiratory infections in the possible presence of streptococci are discussed.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Bronchitis', 'Cephalosporins', 'Cephamycins', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Moxalactam', 'Sputum', 'Time Factors']
| 6,219,980
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['C01.748.099', 'C08.127.446', 'C08.381.495.146', 'C08.730.099'], ['D02.065.589.099.249', 'D02.886.665.074', 'D03.633.100.300.249'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.250', 'D02.886.665.074.250', 'D03.633.100.300.249.250'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D02.065.589.099.625', 'D02.886.520.575', 'D03.633.100.300.625'], ['A12.200.808'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stat1 negatively regulates immune-mediated injury with Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection.
|
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Our data previously demonstrated that A. phagocytophilum induces an immunopathologic response by activating IFN-ã production through the Stat1 signaling pathway. In this study, we investigated the broader role of Stat1 signaling in the host response to infection with A. phagocytophilum. In Stat1 knockout (KO) compared with wild-type mice, A. phagocytophilum infection was more highly pathogenic as characterized by the unanticipated development of clinical signs in mice including markedly increased splenomegaly, more severe inflammatory splenic and hepatic histopathology, >100-fold higher blood and splenic bacterial loads, and more elevated proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine responses in serum. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocyte populations were significantly expanded in spleens of A. phagocytophilum-infected Stat1 KO mice compared with wild-type mice. The leukocyte infiltrates in the livers and spleens of A. phagocytophilum-infected Stat1 KO mice also contained expansions in neutrophil and monocyte/macrophage populations. Importantly, A. phagocytophilum-infected Stat1 KO mice did not demonstrate induction of inducible NO synthase in splenocytes. These results show that Stat1 plays an important role in controlling bacterial loads but also by unexpectedly providing an undefined mechanism for dampening of the immunopathologic response observed with A. phagocytophilum infection.
|
['Anaplasma phagocytophilum', 'Anaplasmosis', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Load', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Gene Expression', 'Immunomodulation', 'Liver', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Monocytes', 'Neutrophils', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'STAT1 Transcription Factor', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spleen']
| 25,305,312
|
[['B03.440.664.750.050.600', 'B03.660.050.783.500.050.600'], ['C01.150.252.400.054.500', 'C01.150.252.400.082', 'C01.920.930.163', 'C22.085'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.115', 'E01.370.225.875.220.115', 'E05.200.875.150.115', 'E05.200.875.220.115', 'G06.099.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['G05.297'], ['E02.095.465', 'G12.535'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['D12.644.360.024.303.500.500', 'D12.644.360.024.342.100', 'D12.776.157.057.061.500.500', 'D12.776.157.057.186.100', 'D12.776.260.513.249.500', 'D12.776.476.024.386.500.500', 'D12.776.476.024.430.100', 'D12.776.930.354.249.500', 'D12.776.930.840.100'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Concurrent acetylcholinesterase staining and gamma-aminobutyric acid uptake of cortical neurons in culture.
|
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) uptake and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) content were demonstrated concurrently in cortical neurons grown in tissue culture. Positive reactions either for GABA uptake or for AChE content were encountered in pyramidal and stellate, as well as spindle-shaped neurons. Neither reaction was confined to a specific morphological subtype. Nearly half the neurons were negative for either reaction. Most of the remaining neurons were positive only for GABA or only for AChE. However, a subpopulation of neurons showed not only a high AChE content, but also an avid GABA uptake. Thus, four types of neurons could be identified on the basis of these two reactions. The high AChE content in some of the cortical neurons that also showed GABA uptake indicates that there are at least two distinct types of GABAergic neurons.
|
['Acetylcholinesterase', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Staining and Labeling', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 6,166,656
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.170.176'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A16.254'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Patient goals and therapist behavior patterns in triadic partnership therapy].
|
From various concepts of therapy an integrative attempt at a three-way partnership therapy (two partners and a therapeutist) has developed, with observable and testable interaction variables (concretised as patients' aims and therapeutists' behavior) being derived. Patients' aims (aims to advance the therapy) are regarded as one aspect of the relationship, which it is attempted to improve. Besides considering the verbal behavior of patients and therapeutist, patients' experience during treatment and experience outside of the therapy were examined. Empirical investigation has show that the integration of therapeutists' variables can frequently achieve certain targets in patients' behavior, and that a partial breakup of destructive communication patterns and alterations on the level of experience attitudes, ........, emotions, etc.) can be achieved.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Marital Therapy', 'Problem Solving', 'Professional-Patient Relations']
| 3,749,359
|
[['F01.058'], ['F01.658.209'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F04.754.864.581.136.500'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['F01.829.401.650', 'N05.300.660']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Serial homology and the evolution of mammalian limb covariation structure.
|
The tetrapod forelimb and hindlimb are serially homologous structures that share a broad range of developmental pathways responsible for their patterning and outgrowth. Covariation between limbs, which can introduce constraints on the production of variation, is related to the duplication of these developmental factors. Despite this constraint, there is remarkable diversity in limb morphology, with a variety of functional relationships between and within forelimb and hindlimb elements. Here we assess a hierarchical model of limb covariation structure based on shared developmental factors. We also test whether selection for morphologically divergent forelimbs or hindlimbs is associated with reduced covariation between limbs. Our sample includes primates, murines, a carnivoran, and a chiropteran that exhibit varying degrees of forelimb and hindlimb specialization, limb size divergence, and/or phylogenetic relatedness. We analyze the pattern and significance of between-limb morphological covariation with linear distance data collected using standard morphometric techniques and analyzed by matrix correlations, eigenanalysis, and partial correlations. Results support a common limb covariation structure across these taxa and reduced covariation between limbs in nonquadruped species. This result indicates that diversity in limb morphology has evolved without signficant modifications to a common covariation structure but that the higher degree of functional limb divergence in bats and, to some extent, gibbons is associated with weaker integration between limbs. This result supports the hypothesis that limb divergence, particularly selection for increased functional specialization, involves the reduction of developmental factors common to both limbs, thereby reducing covariation.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Evolution', 'Biometry', 'Chiroptera', 'Extremities', 'Hylobates', 'Macaca mulatta', 'Mammals', 'Mice', 'Mink', 'Muridae']
| 16,526,515
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['E05.318.740.225', 'N06.850.505.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.937'], ['A01.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.420.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.575.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Post waxing folliculitis: a clinicopathological evaluation.
|
BACKGROUND: Epilation by waxing is one of the common methods of removing unwanted body hair, and follicular papules following this cosmetic procedure are not uncommon. However, this not so uncommon problem has not been clinically and histopathologically evaluated.OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathological profile of folliculitis temporally developing after epilation by waxing.SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Clinical and histopathological evaluation was done in 28 patients who developed follicular papules within a period of eight weeks following a history of epilation by waxing over the same area. The demographic profile and the method and frequency of waxing were noted. The symptoms associated with and the morphology and distribution of the follicular lesions were recorded. A punch biopsy was done from a representative follicular lesion to evaluate the pathological changes.RESULTS: All the patients recruited were females (100%) with a mean age of 24.33 + 2.43 years. While all 28 patients had waxed their forearms, 25 had waxed their arms, 18 their legs, and 10 their thighs. The most common sites affected by folliculitis were arms (25; 100%) and forearms (15/28; 53.6%). Thighs, though least frequently waxed, were involved in seven (70%) subjects. Of these, seven (25%) women complained of itching. The lesions in all patients were erythematous to skin colored follicular papules, though two (7.1%) patients also had nodular lesions. A punch biopsy done showed features suggestive of pseudofolliculitis. A granulomatous reaction was seen in nine (32.1%) biopsies. A foreign body identified as a hair shaft was seen in seven (25%) biopsies and keratin in one biopsy.CONCLUSIONS: Folliculitis following epilation by waxing is more frequent in proximal parts of the extremities than in distal parts, even though distal parts are more frequently waxed. In one-third of the cases, post-waxing folliculitis is due to foreign body reaction to hair shaft or keratin and resembles pseudofolliculitis. To know exact pathogenesis, additional biopsies with multiple step sections need to be taken to look for retained fragments of hair shaft and /or foreign body reaction.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Arm', 'Female', 'Folliculitis', 'Foreign-Body Reaction', 'Hair Removal', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Pruritus', 'Thigh', 'Young Adult']
| 24,134,338
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.800.075'], ['C17.800.329.500'], ['C23.550.470.251', 'C26.392.560'], ['E02.218.372'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['C17.800.685', 'C23.888.885.625'], ['A01.378.610.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Proteomic studies of Plasmodium knowlesi SICA variant antigens demonstrate their relationship with P. falciparum EMP1.
|
Malaria variant antigens are encoded by large multigene families and expressed on the surface of infected erythrocytes. The Plasmodium knowlesi Schizont-infected cell agglutination (SICA) antigens are encoded by the SICAvar multigene family, and the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein-1 (PfEMP1) antigens are encoded by the var gene family. Although these variant antigens share many fundamental features, P. knowlesi and P. falciparum are phylogenetically distantly related, and so far a significant level of sequence identity has not been observed in alignments of either the SICAvar and var gene families or their encoded proteins. In support of their orthologous relationship, however, here we demonstrate through proteomic analysis that the P. knowlesi SICA variant antigens share significant common sequences with P. falciparum EMP1 molecules. As many as forty P. knowlesi SICA peptides show identity with a particular P. falciparum EMP1, mapping throughout all characterized domains, including the externally exposed cysteine-rich domains that are characteristic of both proteins. These findings provide further validation of the classical in vivo P. knowlesi-rhesus monkey model system for advancing our understanding of the immunobiology of antigenic variation and variant antigen gene expression in Plasmodium.
|
['Animals', 'Antigenic Variation', 'Antigens, Protozoan', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Erythropoietin', 'Peptides, Cyclic', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Plasmodium knowlesi', 'Protein Array Analysis', 'Proteomics']
| 16,376,842
|
[['B01.050'], ['G05.365.073', 'G12.500.249'], ['D23.050.293'], ['D23.050.301'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['D04.345.566', 'D12.644.641'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.610'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Secondary pituitary abscess following transsphenoidal surgery with recurrent meningitis: A case report.
|
RATIONALE: The transsphenoidal surgical (TS) approach to sellar masses is the preferred surgical route in most cases. Secondary pituitary abscess (PA) following TS is an extremely rare but serious postoperative complication with potentially high disability and mortality.PATIENT CONCERNS: We describe an uncommon case of secondary PA in a 42-year-old woman, who underwent uncomplicated transsphenoidal procedures without cerebrospinal fluid leak, to treat primary Rathke cleft cyst. Without obvious cause, the patient suffered recurrent meningitis with complaints of headache, hyperpyrexia, and chills from 1 month after the operation.DIAGNOSIS: There were no significant imaging findings until a new rim-enhancement lesion was seen in the sellar region on magnetic resonance imaging during the 6th episode of meningitis 11 months after the initial surgery. A diagnosis of secondary PA was considered; INTERVENTIONS:: Therefore, she underwent a 2nd TS with pus evacuation and antibiotic treatment.OUTCOMES: She improved remarkably and had no recurrence of symptoms during the 9-month follow-up.LESSONS: Our aim was to present this rare case and discuss the most likely etiologies and preventive measures for this condition. In patients with recurrent meningitis but dormant imaging manifestations after TS, the possibility of secondary PA should considered. Adequate surgical drainage with microbiology-guided antibiotic therapy is the 1st choice for treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Abscess', 'Central Nervous System Cysts', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Meningitis, Bacterial', 'Pituitary Diseases', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Sphenoid Sinus']
| 30,508,969
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C01.207.090', 'C01.830.025.160', 'C10.228.140.116', 'C10.228.228.090'], ['C04.588.614.250.387', 'C10.500.142', 'C10.551.240.375', 'C16.131.666.142'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.150.252.223.500', 'C01.207.180.500', 'C10.228.228.180.500', 'C10.228.614.280'], ['C10.228.140.617.738', 'C19.700'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['C23.550.767'], ['A04.531.621.827']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The perceptions and aspirations illicit drug users hold toward health care staff and the care they receive.
|
Over the 30 years of conflict, Northern Ireland escaped the worst excess of illegal drug trafficking and usage. However, the recent 'peace dividend' has brought with it an unprecedented rise in the availability and use of illicit drugs. With this, new problems and pressures have been brought to bear on the health service. The literature would suggest that drug users are loathed and feared by health care staff. Staff will also admit to be lacking in the knowledge and skills necessary for the delivery of appropriate support and treatment for this client group. Further, the literature has little to offer on the experiences and aspirations of drug users in relation to their treatment and the staff who care for them. In order to understand the drug users' experiences of health care and health staff, focus group methodology was employed to obtain qualitative data. A total of 20 illicit drug users from across Northern Ireland took part. Supporting the literature, all had experienced 'care' that they felt was filled with judgement, hostility and loathing. They recognized clearly the challenge they pose to health care staff. These findings indicate that there is obvious dissonance between those tasked to care for drug users and drug users themselves, with little respect being shown on either side. Results suggest that action needs to be taken to address the deficits in the knowledge, skills and values of health care professionals in relation to illicit drug users. The findings will be of interest to service providers within and outside the United Kingdom.
|
['Attitude', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Illicit Drugs', 'Perception', 'Pilot Projects', 'Professional-Patient Relations', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 11,933,470
|
[['F01.100'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D26.878'], ['F02.463.593'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['F01.829.401.650', 'N05.300.660'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Body surface area and glucose tolerance - The smaller the person, the greater the 2-hour plasma glucose.
|
BACKGROUND: The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is standardized globally with a uniform glucose load of 75 g to all adults irrespective of body size. An inverse association between body height and 2-hour postload plasma glucose (2hPG) has been demonstrated. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between body surface area (BSA) and plasma glucose values during an OGTT.METHODS: An OGTT was performed on 2659 individuals at increased cardiovascular risk aged between 45 and 70 years of age, who had not previously been diagnosed with diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Their BSA was calculated according to the Mosteller formula. Study subjects were divided into five BSA levels corresponding to 12.5, 25, 25, 25, and 12.5% of the total distribution.FINDINGS: When adjusted for age, sex, waist circumference, alcohol intake, current smoking, and leisure-time physical activity, BSA level showed an inverse linear relationship with the 2hPG in all categories of glucose tolerance (p for linearity < 0.001). Moreover, the smaller the adjusted BSA of the study person, the higher the proportion of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes based on 2hPG in the OGTT.INTERPRETATION: Body size has a considerable impact on the findings from a standardized OGTT. Smaller persons are more likely to be diagnosed as glucose intolerant than relatively larger sized individuals.FUNDING: This work was supported by the State Provincial Office of Western Finland, the Central Satakunta Health Federation of Municipalities, Satakunta Hospital District, and the Hospital District of Southwest Finland.RESEARCH IN CONTEXT: Evidence before this study. We searched PubMed using the MeSH terms "glucose tolerance test", "body surface area", "body height", "body size", "glucose tolerance", "insulin resistance", "blood glucose" and "diabetes mellitus" on March 10, 2019 without language restrictions. We also used Cited Reference Search in Web of Science for relevant articles. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is standardized globally with a uniform glucose load of 75 g to all adults irrespective of body size. An inverse association between body height and 2-hour postload plasma glucose (2hPG) has been demonstrated. Several studies have shown that 2hPG predicts all-cause mortality better than elevated fasting glucose. However, body height or body surface area are not usually adjusted in epidemiological studies. It is well known that short adult stature is a risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Added value of this study. This is the first study to assess the relationship of body surface area and 2hPG in a typical primary care population at increased cardiovascular risk. Body surface area has a considerable impact on the result of a standardized OGTT. Smaller individuals are more likely to be diagnosed as glucose intolerant than relatively larger sized individuals. Implications of all the available evidence. There is a possibility that the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes made by an OGTT is a false positive result in a relatively small individual, and a false negative result in a relatively larger individual. Association of 2hPG concentrations and mortality may be influenced by body size as confounding factor. Given that the OGTT is a time and effort consuming test both for patients and laboratory personnel, validity of the OGTT for different body sizes should be reconsidered.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Body Height', 'Body Surface Area', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 31,622,641
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.231', 'E05.041.124.231', 'G07.100.100.231'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Exploration of insights, opportunities and caveats provided by the X-ray structures of hSERT.
|
The recently reported X-ray structures of the human serotonin (5-HT) transporter SERT with bound inhibitors open new opportunities for drug discovery at SERT, selectivity design with respect to other neurotransmitter sodium transporters, and enhanced understanding of the molecular events involved in SERT action. Through computational and structural analyses, we explore the binding and migration of 5-HT at SERT. Consistent with earlier studies of leucine migration at the bacterial homolog of SERT, LeuT, we find multiple potential 'stopover' sites for 5-HT binding at SERT including the two (transmembrane S1 and extracellular vestibule S2) seen in the binding of the SSRI (S)-citalopram (S-Cit) to SERT, as well as other sites. Docking studies reveal the possibility of both hetero- (S-Cit+5-HT) and homo-dimeric (5-HT+5-HT) co-binding at both these sites which may explain earlier published allosteric activity observations and provide novel design strategies. Comparisons with substrate bound X-ray structures of the dopamine transporter reveal a number of potential sources of selectivity, some of which may be 'artificial' including target based, species related, experimental design related, and ligand dependent examples including substrate versus inhibitor related features.
|
['Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins']
| 27,624,075
|
[['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.311', 'D12.776.157.530.562.374.875', 'D12.776.157.530.937.624', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.374', 'D12.776.543.585.562.374.875', 'D12.776.543.585.937.747']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Asian-Pacific clinical practice guidelines on the management of hepatitis B: a 2015 update.
|
Worldwide, some 240 million people have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), with the highest rates of infection in Africa and Asia. Our understanding of the natural history of HBV infection and the potential for therapy of the resultant disease is continuously improving. New data have become available since the previous APASL guidelines for management of HBV infection were published in 2012. The objective of this manuscript is to update the recommendations for the optimal management of chronic HBV infection. The 2015 guidelines were developed by a panel of Asian experts chosen by the APASL. The clinical practice guidelines are based on evidence from existing publications or, if evidence was unavailable, on the experts' personal experience and opinion after deliberations. Manuscripts and abstracts of important meetings published through January 2015 have been evaluated. This guideline covers the full spectrum of care of patients infected with hepatitis B, including new terminology, natural history, screening, vaccination, counseling, diagnosis, assessment of the stage of liver disease, the indications, timing, choice and duration of single or combination of antiviral drugs, screening for HCC, management in special situations like childhood, pregnancy, coinfections, renal impairment and pre- and post-liver transplant, and policy guidelines. However, areas of uncertainty still exist, and clinicians, patients, and public health authorities must therefore continue to make choices on the basis of the evolving evidence. The final clinical practice guidelines and recommendations are presented here, along with the relevant background information.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Africa', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Asia', 'Disease Management', 'Female', 'Hepatitis B', 'Hepatitis B virus', 'Hepatitis B, Chronic', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 26,563,120
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['Z01.058'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['Z01.252'], ['N04.590.607'], ['C01.221.250.500', 'C01.925.256.430.400', 'C01.925.440.435', 'C06.552.380.705.437'], ['B04.280.375.650.425', 'B04.450.390.650.425'], ['C01.221.250.500.100', 'C01.925.256.430.400.100', 'C01.925.440.435.100', 'C06.552.380.350.100', 'C06.552.380.705.437.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Daxx cooperates with the Axin/HIPK2/p53 complex to induce cell death.
|
Daxx, a death domain-associated protein, has been implicated in proapoptosis, antiapoptosis, and transcriptional regulation. Many factors known to play critically important roles in controlling apoptosis and gene transcription have been shown to associate with Daxx, including the Ser/Thr protein kinase HIPK2, promyelocytic leukemia protein, histone deacetylases, and the chromatin remodeling protein ATRX. Although it is clear that Daxx may exert multiple functions, the underlying mechanisms remain far from clear. Here, we show that Axin, originally identified for its scaffolding role to control beta-catenin levels in Wnt signaling, strongly associates with Daxx at endogenous levels. The Daxx/Axin complex formation is enhanced by UV irradiation. Axin tethers Daxx to the tumor suppressor p53, and cooperates with Daxx, but not DaxxDeltaAxin, which is unable to interact with Axin, to stimulate HIPK2-mediated Ser(46) phosphorylation and transcriptional activity of p53. Interestingly, Axin and Daxx seem to selectively activate p53 target genes, with strong activation of PUMA, but not p21 or Bax. Daxx-stimulated p53 transcriptional activity was significantly diminished by small interfering RNA against Axin; Daxx fails to inhibit colony formation in Axin(-/-) cells. Moreover, UV-induced cell death was attenuated by the knockdown of Axin and Daxx. All these results show that Daxx cooperates with Axin to stimulate p53, and implicate a direct role for Axin, HIPK2, and p53 in the proapoptotic function of Daxx. We have hence unraveled a novel aspect of p53 activation and shed new light on the ultimate understanding of the Daxx protein, perhaps most pertinently, in relation to stress-induced cell death.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Apoptosis', 'Axin Protein', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Co-Repressor Proteins', 'Cytochromes c', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Molecular Chaperones', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 17,210,684
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D05.500.117.500', 'D12.776.476.081.500'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D12.776.930.780.625'], ['D08.244.286.100', 'D12.776.422.220.286.100'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.580'], ['D12.776.660'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G05.308.800'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Autophagy as a rescue mechanism in efavirenz-induced mitochondrial dysfunction: a lesson from hepatic cells.
|
Efavirenz (EFV) is the most widely used non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor applied in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the combined pharmacological treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus infection. Its use has been associated with the development of several adverse events including hepatotoxicity. The molecular pathogenesis of this effect is poorly understood but recent reports have highlighted features of mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatic cells exposed to clinically relevant concentrations of EFV. In this study, we investigated the activation of autophagy and, in particular, mitophagy, in human hepatic cells exposed to EFV. We detected the presence of altered mitochondria with abnormal morphology and relative increase in mitochondrial mass. Several autophagic markers reveal specific induction of autophagy. Of special note, while moderate levels of EFV activate autophagy, higher concentrations exceeding the threshold of mitochondrial dysfunction, lead to a blockage in the autophagic flux, thus promoting "autophagic stress". Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy exacerbates the deleterious effect of EFV on cell survival/proliferation thereby promoting apoptosis, a finding which points to the fact that autophagy is triggered as a rescue mechanism enabling cell survival. The effect described in this study could be involved in the EFV-associated hepatotoxicity. It may constitute a new mechanism implicated in the genesis of pharmacological liver damage and in the recovery of hepatic homeostasis upon a drug-induced cellular insult.
|
['Alkynes', 'Autophagy', 'Benzoxazines', 'Cell Survival', 'Cyclopropanes', 'Hepatocytes', 'Humans', 'Mitochondria', 'Models, Biological', 'Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors']
| 21,997,370
|
[['D02.455.326.397'], ['G04.011'], ['D03.383.533.249', 'D03.633.100.209'], ['G04.346'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.533'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D27.505.519.389.675.850', 'D27.505.954.122.388.308']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reporting of quality indicators and improvement in hospital performance: the P.Re.Val.E. Regional Outcome Evaluation Program.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether reporting of hospital performance was associated with a change in quality indicators in Italian hospitals.DATA SOURCES/STUDY SETTING: Nationwide Hospital Information System for 2006-2009.STUDY DESIGN: We performed a pre-post evaluation in Lazio (before and after disclosure of the Regional Outcome Evaluation Program P.Re.Val.E.) and a comparative evaluation versus Italian regions without comparable programs. We analyzed risk-adjusted proportions of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), hip fractures operated on within 48 hours, and cesarean deliveries.DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: Using standardized ICD-9-CM coding algorithms, we selected 381,053 acute myocardial infarction patients, 250,712 hip fractures, and 1,736,970 women who had given birth.PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In Lazio PCI within 48 hours changed from 22.49 to 29.43 percent following reporting of the P.Re.Val.E results (relative increase, 31 percent; p < .001). In the other regions this proportion increased from 22.48 to 27.09 percent during the same time period (relative increase, 21 percent; p < .001). Hip fractures operated on within 48 hours increased from 11.73 to 15.78 percent (relative increase, 34 percent; p < .001) in Lazio, and not in other regions (29.36 to 28.57 percent). Cesarean deliveries did not decrease in Lazio (34.57-35.30 percent), and only slightly decreased in the other regions (30.49-28.11 percent).CONCLUSIONS: Reporting of performance data may have a positive but limited impact on quality improvement. The evaluation of quality indicators remains paramount for public accountability.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Disclosure', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Hip Fractures', 'Hospitals', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Mandatory Reporting', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Pregnancy', 'Quality Indicators, Health Care', 'Quality of Health Care', 'Risk Adjustment', 'Young Adult']
| 22,985,031
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.520.252'], ['F01.829.401.046', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134', 'L01.143.335'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['N02.278.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['I01.880.604.583.080.134.300', 'I01.880.604.583.527', 'I01.880.604.622.249', 'N03.706.535.615', 'N03.706.657.249'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['N04.761.789', 'N05.715.760'], ['N04.761', 'N05.715'], ['N04.452.871.715.800', 'N04.761.789.800', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Tenoxicam in the long-term treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis].
|
The authors present the results of six months treatment with Tenoxicam (Tilcotil) in 30 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. In no instance was it necessary to discontinue treatment, only one female patient complained of transient vertigo. During the final evaluation of the therapeutic effect as regards painfulness, sensitivity on palpation, oedema, restriction of movements, the author did not observe a satisfactory effect only in 8.5-24%. As regards hand grip, 20 m walk and consumption of analgesics the effect was also very satisfactory. Only four patients used occasionally Paracetamol or Alnagon, 1-2 tablets per day. The results achieved with this treatment indicate that it is a very good preparation suited for prolonged therapy of active rheumatoid arthritis, incl. patients of advanced age. Tenoxicam is particularly suited for a single dose per day (20 mg). It can be recommended also combined with gold therapy and treatment with antimalaric drugs.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Piroxicam']
| 2,219,765
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.886.665.500', 'D03.383.855.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
P80: a tumor-related protein found in many lymphomas of mice.
|
Examination of syngeneic tumor regressor sera prepared by immunization of mice with several different lymphomas revealed a common pattern of reactivity to proteins expressed in these tumors. Antibodies present in these sera immunoprecipitate a triplet of proteins of 115,000 mol wt (p115), 80,000 mol wt (p80), and 32,000 mol wt (p32) from many but not all T cell lymphomas of mice. P80, the predominant molecular species immunoprecipitated with these sera, is a nonglycosylated, phosphoprotein that does not appear to be expressed at the cell surface. Comparison of the tryptic peptides of p32 and p80 indicated that the peptides found in p32 are a subset of those found in p80. Comparison of the tryptic peptides of p80 with those of the p120 gag-fusion protein of Abelson murine leukemia virus demonstrated that p80 and p120 did not share tryptic peptides. Comparison of the partial proteolytic products generated by treatment of p80 molecules from different tumors with V8 protease did not reveal heterogeneity in p80 among tumors of different strains of mice. Direct labeling and competition blocking experiments with lysates from normal cells failed to provide evidence of p80 synthesis in normal thymus, spleen, or bone marrow. Thus, p80 is a biochemically identified tumor-related antigen of mouse lymphomas.
|
['Abelson murine leukemia virus', 'Animals', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Cell Line', 'Gene Products, gag', 'Lymphocytes', 'Lymphoma', 'Mice', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Peptides', 'Viral Proteins']
| 6,984,062
|
[['B04.613.807.375.525.020', 'B04.820.650.375.525.020'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050.285'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.775.330', 'D12.776.964.775.350', 'D12.776.964.970.600.850.350'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of a novel gene encoding zinc finger domains identified from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of a human heart cDNA database.
|
Seven types of zinc finger protein (ZFP) genes based on the combinations of cysteine and histidine residues were found in a human heart cDNA database. Here we report the isolation of 360 cDNA clones encoding putative ZFPs. Of these, 154 (42.8%) represent C2H2-type ZFPs, 101 (28.1%) represent C2C2-type, five (1.4%) represent C2HC-type, 71 (19.7%) represent C2HC4C(HD)-type, three (0.8%) represent C3H-type, eight (2.2%) represent C3HC4-type and 18 (0.5%) represent combination type (genes containing more than one type of zinc finger). Among these 360 ZFPs, a novel ZFP cDNA named HFHZ (human fetal heart ZFP) with sequence homology to a Kruppel-associated box (KRAB) was identified. Sequencing the full-length of this cDNA clone identified an open reading frame of 711 bp that encodes a 237 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 27.7 kDa. Sequence analysis indicated that HFHZ contained a truncated KRAB box at the N-terminus and two C2H2 zinc fingers at the C-terminus. The transcript of HFHZ is highly expressed in fetal heart and moderately expressed in fetal brain but not expressed in fetal liver as revealed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis suggesting that HFHZ is not expressed ubiquitously. The 3.3-fold higher expression in the fetal heart than in the adult heart suggests that HFHZ mRNA is downregulated in the process of development. In addition, the relatively high expression (1.9-fold) of HFHZ observed in the hypertrophic as compared to the normal adult heart suggests that this fetal gene is reactivated in response to hypertrophic stimuli. Chromosomal localization by in situ hybridization revealed that this gene is in 19q13.1, a region containing genes involved in both cell cycle and developmental regulation.
|
['Adult', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cardiomegaly', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Gene Expression', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Myocardium', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 9,925,372
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C14.280.195', 'C23.300.775.250'], ['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.460.465', 'G05.360.162.520.300.460.465'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.308'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of Selected Parameters of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism in Children with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.
|
BACKGROUND: The multifactor aetiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is commonly acknowledged. Both multivariate analyses of large study groups and the search for causes of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and its progression in individual patients indicate that the aetiopathogenesis of this disorder is remarkably complex. The discovery of novel bone turnover markers, such as Klotho protein and FGF-23, means that their role in this condition also has to be considered. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the FGF-23 and Klotho protein concentration profiles as new contributors to the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and compare them with the values seen in healthy children.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study assessed a total of 70 children, including 35 children treated at the postural defects clinic of the Health Care Facility in Ole?no following a diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and 35 healthy children who constituted a control group. The levels of classic bone turnover markers, such as calcium and phosphorus concentration, alkaline phosphatase, 25-OH-D, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) activity, and of newly discovered contributors to calcium and phosphate metabolism regulation, namely Klotho protein and FGF-23, were determined in both groups.RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in the levels of basic parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism between children with scoliosis and the control group, with scoliotic patients showing elevated calcium and 25-OH-D levels and reduced parathyroid hormone levels. Klotho protein levels in children with scoliosis were significantly lower than in the control group. Moreover, the scoliotic patients showed a marked trend towards higher FGF-23 levels as compared to the control group.CONCLUSIONS: 1. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is characterised by multi-level abnormalities of calcium and phosphate metabolism. 2. The increased FGF-23 levels and reduced Klotho protein concentrations found in serum samples collected from children with ado-lescent idiopathic scoliosis may suggest that these hormones play a role in the aetiopathogenesis of the disorder.
|
['Adolescent', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Phosphates', 'Child', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Fibroblast Growth Factors', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Phosphates', 'Scoliosis']
| 32,015,205
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075', 'D01.146.360', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D12.644.276.624', 'D12.776.467.624', 'D23.529.624'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374', 'D01.248.497.158.730', 'D01.695.625.675.650'], ['C05.116.900.800.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Random-effects meta-analysis of correlations: Monte Carlo evaluation of mean estimators.
|
Several authors have cautioned against using Fisher's z-transformation in random-effects meta-analysis of correlations, which seems to perform poorly in some situations, especially with substantial inter-study heterogeneity. Attributing this performance largely to the direct z-to-r transformation (DZRT) of Fisher z results (e.g. point estimate of mean correlation), in a previous paper Hafdahl (2009) proposed point and interval estimators of the mean Pearson r correlation that instead use an integral z-to-r transformation (IZRT). The present Monte Carlo study of these IZRT Fisher z estimators includes comparisons with their DZRT counterparts and with estimators based on Pearson r correlations. The IZRT point estimator was usually more accurate and efficient than its DZRT counterpart and comparable to the two Pearson r point estimators - better in some conditions but worse in others. Coverage probability for the IZRT confidence intervals (CIs) was often near nominal, much better than for the DZRT CIs, and comparable to coverage for the Pearson r CIs; every approach's CI fell markedly below nominal in some conditions. The IZRT estimators contradict warnings about Fisher z estimators' poor performance. Recommendations for practising research synthesists are offered, and an Appendix provides computing code to implement the IZRT as in the real-data example.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Monte Carlo Method']
| 19,527,563
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Allergic reactions to atropine eye drops for retardation of progressive myopia in children.
|
Purpose: To report clinical manifestations of ocular allergy to atropine eye drops used for retardation of progressive myopia in children.Methods: Myopic children, who developed bothersome itching that subsided promptly after cessation of atropine eye drops, were included. History of systemic or ocular allergy, preexisting ocular conditions, and clinical features of allergy were noted.Results: Six children, age 5-15 years, were included. Four developed allergy to 1% atropine sulfate eye drops and two to 0.01% concentration of atropine sulfate. The onset of allergy was within a month to as late as 4 years after using atropine eye drops. The severity of allergy was higher with 1% concentration. The most common symptoms of atropine allergy were itching and burning. The most common signs were lid swelling and hyperemia. The allergic manifestations promptly reversed with the stoppage of eye drops. Reintroduction was possible in three patients, either by reducing the concentration of atropine or using benzalkonium free formulation.Conclusion: Allergy to atropine eye drops in children may develop within a few weeks or after many years of usage. Prompt cessation followed by a reintroduction and continuation of therapy may be possible in few patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Atropine', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dermatitis, Allergic Contact', 'Drug Hypersensitivity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mydriatics', 'Myopia, Degenerative', 'Ophthalmic Solutions']
| 30,249,831
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C17.800.174.255.100', 'C17.800.815.255.100', 'C20.543.418.150'], ['C20.543.206', 'C25.100.468'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.663.050.500'], ['C11.744.636.500'], ['D26.776.708.645', 'D27.505.954.578.645', 'D27.720.752.608']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development and validation of a self-report measure of bus driver behaviour.
|
There are likely to be individual differences in bus driver behaviour when adhering to strict schedules under time pressure. A reliable and valid assessment of these individual differences would be useful for bus companies keen to mitigate risk of crash involvement. This paper reports on three studies to develop and validate a self-report measure of bus driver behaviour. For study 1, two principal components analyses of a pilot questionnaire revealed six components describing bus driver behaviour and four bus driver coping components. In study 2, test-retest reliability of the components were tested in a sub-sample and found to be adequate. Further, the 10 components were used to predict bus crash involvement at three levels of culpability with consistently significant associations found for two components. For study 3, avoidance coping was consistently associated with celeration variables in a bus simulator, especially for a time-pressured drive. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: The instrument can be used by bus companies for driver stress and fatigue management training to identify at-risk bus driver behaviour. Training to reduce the tendency to engage in avoidance coping strategies, improve evaluative coping strategies and hazard monitoring when under stress may improve bus driver safety.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Automobile Driving', 'Behavior', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Vehicles', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Sweden', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 21,108,079
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['I03.125'], ['F01.145'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.937.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.542.816.500'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Retinoids act as multistep modulators of the major histocompatibility class I presentation pathway and sensitize neuroblastomas to cytotoxic lymphocytes.
|
The current therapeutic modalities achieve low response rates in human neuroblastoma, a frequent extracranial malignancy of the early childhood. We have assessed the effect of retinoids, used presently for the treatment of neuroblastoma, on the discrete steps of the MHC class I processing machinery and susceptibility of neuroblastoma cells to CTL-mediated killing. We demonstrate that retinoic acid derivatives induce the expression of proteolytic and regulatory subunits of the immunoproteasome, increase the half-life of MHC class I complexes, and enhance the sensitivity of neuroblastoma cells to both MHC class I-restricted peptide-specific and HLA nonrestricted lysis by CTLs. Importantly, effects of retinoids on the MHC class I pathway appear to be independent of IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha as intermediate messengers. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of inflammation-unrelated biological molecules that induce systemic modulation of antigen presentation in nonprofessional antigen presenting cells. Our findings suggest that the application of retinoids and T cell-based immunotherapy may be an effective combination for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
|
['Antigen Presentation', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Immunotherapy, Adoptive', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Neuroblastoma', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'Tretinoin', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Up-Regulation']
| 14,633,733
|
[['G12.119', 'G12.450.050.400.070'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['E02.186'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330.050.400', 'E05.478.550.520.050.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.590.650.550', 'C04.557.470.670.590.650.550', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.650.550'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860.500', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818.800', 'D02.455.849.291.925.500', 'D23.767.261.700.780'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early Impairment of Cardiac Function and Asynchronization of Systemic Amyloidosis with Preserved Ejection Fraction Using Two-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography.
|
AIMS: To observe the ventricular global and regional function of the patients with systemic amyloidosis using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography.METHODS: The study enrolled 31 consecutive biopsy-proved patients with systemic amyloidosis who underwent echocardiographic examination and EF ? 55% and 37 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We compared systolic strain and strain rate, diastolic strain rate, time to peak strain, peak delay time in longitudinal, radial, circumferential directions in 16 left ventricular segments. The global peak systolic longitudinal and radial strain of left ventricle, peak systolic longitudinal strain and strain rate, diastolic strain rate of right ventricular free wall were also compared.RESULTS: (1) Global peak systolic longitudinal strain (GPSLS), peak systolic longitudinal strain (PSLS) and strain rate (PSLSR), peak early diastolic longitudinal strain rate (PELSR) in 16 segments were decreased in case (P < 0.05). (2) Peak systolic radial strain and strain rate of inferoseptum and inferolateral at the level of papillary muscle were lower (P < 0.05), and peak early diastolic radial strain rate (PERSR) was reduced (P < 0.05). (3) Peak early diastolic circumferential strain rate was lower (P < 0.05). (4) Time to peak systolic longitudinal, radial, circumferential strain was longer, and peak delay time at the same level retarded (P < 0.05). (5) Into right ventricular wall, PSLS and PSLSR at mid-segment, and PSLSR, PELSR, peak atrial systolic longitudinal strain rate (PALSR) at basal were reduced (P < 0.05). (6) Inverse correlation between interventricular septum (IVS) thickness and GPSLS and GPSRS was found (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Systolic and diastolic dysfunction existed in systemic amyloidosis with preserved EF. Mechanical contraction disorder may be one reason for systolic dysfunction. GPLSR and GPRSR were negatively related to IVS thickness.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amyloidosis', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Echocardiography', 'Elasticity Imaging Techniques', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Stroke Volume', 'Ventricular Dysfunction']
| 26,033,191
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C18.452.845.500'], ['E01.390'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.350.850.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['C04.557.595.250', 'C18.452.845.500.550', 'C20.683.515.507', 'C20.683.780.565'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882'], ['C14.280.945']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of methamphetamine on the release of glutamate from striatal slices.
|
One postulated role of dopamine in the striatum is to reduce neuronal activity in cortico-striatal glutamergic terminals. We investigated the effects of methamphetamine, which displaces dopamine, on glutamate release from rat striatal slices. Methamphetamine significantly reduced K(+)-stimulated (45 mM) glutamate release. In slices prepared from rats treated 8 days previously with methamphetamine there was enhanced (approximately 200%) release of glutamate. This study demonstrates that dopamine has a modulatory effect on glutamate release in the striatum.
|
['Animals', 'Corpus Striatum', 'Dopamine', 'Female', 'Glutamates', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Methamphetamine', 'Potassium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Stereotyped Behavior']
| 1,777,214
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['D12.125.067.625', 'D12.125.119.409'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.619'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['F01.145.896']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Occurrence of fatigue during sets of static squat jumps performed at a variety of loads.
|
Research has identified that the optimal power load for static squat jumps (with no countermovement) is lower than the loads usually recommended for power training. Lower loads may permit the performance of additional repetitions before the onset of fatigue compared with heavier loads; therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the point of fatigue during squat jumps at various loads (0, 20, 40, 60% 1-repetition maximum [1RM]). Seventeen professional rugby league players performed sets of 6 squat jumps (with no countermovement), using 4 loading conditions (0, 20, 40, and 60% of 1RM back squat). Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) in force, velocity, power, and displacement between repetitions, for the 0, 20, and 40% loading conditions. The 60% condition showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in peak force between repetitions; however, velocity (1.12 + 0.10 and 1.18 + 0.11 m·s(-1)), power (3,385 + 343 and 3,617 + 396 W) and displacement (11.13 + 2.31 and 11.85 + 2.16 cm) were significantly (p < 0.02) lower during repetition 6 compared with repetition 2. These findings indicate that when performing squat jumps (with no countermovement) with a load <40% 1RM back squat, up to >6 repetitions can be completed without inducing fatigue and a minimum of 4-6 repetitions should be performed to achieve peak power output. When performing squat jumps (with no countermovement) with a load equal to the 60% 1RM only, 5 repetitions should be performed to minimize fatigue and ensure maintenance of velocity and power.
|
['Athletes', 'Fatigue', 'Football', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Movement', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Physical Endurance', 'Resistance Training', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 22,310,515
|
[['M01.072'], ['C23.888.369'], ['I03.450.642.845.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387.875', 'E02.779.483.875', 'E02.831.535.483.875', 'G11.427.410.698.277.311.750', 'I03.350.311.750'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The integrated action of oestrogen receptor isoforms and sites with progesterone receptor in the gonadotrope modulates LH secretion: evidence from tamoxifen-treated ovariectomized rats.
|
The specific role of each oestrogen receptor (ER) isoform (alpha and beta ) and site (nucleus and plasma membrane) in LH release was determined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats injected over 6 days (days 15-20 after OVX) with a saturating dose (3 mg/day) of tamoxifen (TX), a selective ER modulator with nuclear ERalpha agonist actions in the absence of oestrogen. This pharmacological effect of TX was demonstrated by the fact that it was blocked by the selective ERalpha antagonist methyl-piperidinopyrazole. Over the past 3 days of the 6-day TX treatment, rats received either 25 microg/day oestradiol benzoate (EB), 1.5 mg/day selective ERalpha agonist propylpyrazole triol (PPT) and the selective ERbeta agonist diarylpropionitrile (DPN), or a single 3 mg injection of the antiprogestin onapristone (ZK299) administered on day 20. Blood samples were taken to determine basal and progesterone receptor (PR)-dependent LH-releasing hormone (LHRH)-stimulated LH secretion and to evaluate LHRH self-priming, the property of LHRH that increases gonadotrope responsiveness to itself. Blood LH concentration was determined by RIA and gonadotrope PR expression by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that i) EB and DPN potentiated the negative feedback of TX on basal LH release; ii) DPN reduced TX-induced PR expression; iii) EB and PPT blocked TX-elicited LHRH self-priming and iv) ZK299 reduced LHRH-stimulated LH secretion and blocked LHRH self-priming. These observations suggest that oestrogen action on LH secretion in the rat is exerted at the classic ERalpha pool and that this action might be modulated by both ERbeta and membrane ERalpha through their effects on PR expression and action respectively.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Estrogen Receptor alpha', 'Estrogen Receptor beta', 'Feedback, Physiological', 'Female', 'Gonadotrophs', 'Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Gonanes', 'Ligands', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Nitriles', 'Ovariectomy', 'Phenols', 'Progestins', 'Propionates', 'Pyrazoles', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators', 'Tamoxifen']
| 17,400,808
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['D12.776.826.750.350.174'], ['D12.776.826.750.350.262'], ['G07.410.732'], ['A06.300.747.500.750', 'A06.688.357.750.500.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.500.750', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.500.750', 'A08.713.357.750.500.750', 'A11.382.750', 'A11.436.319'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320', 'D12.644.456.460', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320'], ['D04.210.500.451'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['D02.626'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['D06.347.360.827', 'D27.505.696.399.450.360.827'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interferon entry through the blood-brain barrier in glioma and its effect on lipoxygenase activity.
|
This study evaluates cerebral entry of mouse interferon alpha/beta (MuIFN alpha/beta) or mouse interferon gamma (MuIFN-gamma) following continuous (3 day), subcutaneous infusion of normal or glioma bearing mice. The intracerebral C57BL/6 mouse glioma-26 (G-26) model was used at days 10-14 post tumor implant, the advanced stage of glioma progression as defined by histology and the median survival time (27 +/- 3.8 days). The infusion of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in vivo at day 10 or 11 post glioma implant showed strong staining in the tumor bed indicating compromised blood-brain barrier (BBB). In addition, histochemistry with Bandeiraea simplicifolia isolectin B4 demonstrated the accumulation and/or activation of macrophage/microglia. The 3 day infusion of mice (day 11-14 post tumor implant) via subcutaneous (sc) osmotic micro-pumps with MuIFN alpha/beta (8x10(5) - 1.7x10(6) international units [IU]/ml) or with recombinant mouse interferon gamma (rMuIFN-gamma) (1x10(6) IU/ml) resulted in a low but detectable (1-5 IU/ml) cerebral level of IFN. The IFN levels in the blood (20-40 IU/ml) and brain, measured by assay of inhibition of viral cytopathic effect (CPE) or ELISA assay for MuIFN-gamma, showed no difference between normal and glioma bearing mice. The lipoxygenase (LO) activity (dioxygenase) of glioma tissue and contralateral control was evaluated in non-treated and MuIFN alpha/beta continuously (3 day) treated mice. The LO activity in glioma tissue was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than the contralateral control in non-treated mice. However, following sc MuIFN alpha/beta infusion the LO activity of glioma decreased to control level.
|
['Animals', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Diffusion', 'Glioma', 'Horseradish Peroxidase', 'Interferons', 'Lipoxygenase', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL']
| 7,521,151
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['G01.202', 'G02.196'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['D08.811.682.732.512'], ['D12.644.276.374.440', 'D12.776.467.374.440', 'D23.529.374.440'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.583.625', 'D12.776.556.579.374.568.750'], ['G12.287.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Objective and Structured Assessment of Lung Ultrasound Competence. A Multispecialty Delphi Consensus and Construct Validity Study.
|
RATIONALE: Point-of-care lung ultrasound imaging has substantial diagnostic value and is widely used in respiratory, emergency, and critical care medicine. Like other ultrasound examinations, lung ultrasound is operator dependent. The current recommendations for competence in lung ultrasound set a fixed number of ultrasound procedures to be performed without considering different learning rates. Recommendations do not consider different uses of lung ultrasound across specialties.OBJECTIVES: To create a reliable, valid, and feasible instrument to assess lung ultrasound competence that includes the diverse use of lung ultrasound among medical specialties.METHODS: A Delphi consensus survey was undertaken with participation of 11 experts from four different specialties to design an objective and structured assessment ultrasound tool. The construct validity of the assessment tool was examined by scoring 23 ultrasound operators of different competence levels. Examination time was measured and skill level rated by experienced observers using the assessment tool. Interrater agreement was examined by two observers in nine lung ultrasound examinations.RESULTS: Consensus was obtained within three Delphi rounds. Five elements were excluded. Two new elements were proposed, and one gained consensus. Two elements were rephrased. We found that the lung ultrasound competence evaluation tool could differentiate between levels of competence (P < 0.001). Examination time differed significantly between experts and intermediate operators (P = 0.005), but not between novices and intermediate operators (P = 0.06). The assessment tool had good interrater agreement (Pearson's r = 0.85; P < 0.005).CONCLUSIONS: This assessment tool provides a relevant, valid, and feasible method for evaluation of operator competence in point-of-care lung ultrasound across multiple specialties. This allows for a more individualized assessment of competence than current recommendations.
|
['Clinical Competence', 'Consensus', 'Delphi Technique', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Point-of-Care Testing', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Ultrasonography']
| 28,145,770
|
[['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['F01.829.316.068', 'F02.463.785.373.433'], ['L01.906.197'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['N04.590.874.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Treatment of diastolic dysfunction in hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy.
|
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of verapamil SR 240 mg (V) and the combination amiloride 5 mg + hydrochlorothiazide 50 mg (AH) on diastolic dysfunction of hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Twenty-six hypertensive patients with diastolic dysfunction, normal systolic function and without LVH were included into a 2-week washout period and then randomised to a 6-month V or AH treatment. One blinded-to-treatment echocardiographist at baseline and at weeks 4, 12 and 24 assessed Doppler-echocardiography. Both V and AH, satisfactorily controlled blood pressure, but only V improved diastolic function shown by a tendency to reduce peak A and to increase peak E/A ratio, and by a significant reduction in deceleration time. After 24 weeks, V significantly reduced wall thickness in comparison with AH. These results need to be confirmed in a larger scale study.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amiloride', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Diuretics', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrochlorothiazide', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ventricular Dysfunction', 'Verapamil']
| 9,482,129
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.383.679.149'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['D27.505.696.560.500'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.590.700.135.261.476', 'D02.886.655.500.261.476', 'D03.633.100.174.261.476'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.945'], ['D02.092.471.683.953']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Reduction of blood platelet monoamine oxidase activity in schizophrenic patients on phenothiazines.
|
A newly developed assay for monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in blood platelets (serotonin used as substrate) was applied for the measurement of the enzyme activity in 76 schizophrenic patients. No significant reduction was found in the blood platelet MAO activity in a group of 33 untreated schizophrenic patients, as compared to that in the normal controls. Male patients revealed to have lower enzyme activity than females in the schizophrenic group, as we described previously in the normal subjects. Treatment with phenothiazines caused significant reduction of blood platelet MAO activity, while platelet serotonin content and platelet count appeared to be not affected by the drug treatment. The authors suggest that blood platelet MAO activity may be related to hormonal factors but not to psychiatric diagnosis of schizophrenia or constitution liable to schizophrenic illnesses.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Blood Platelets', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Monoamine Oxidase', 'Phenothiazines', 'Schizophrenia', 'Serotonin']
| 2,524
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.682.664.750'], ['D02.886.369', 'D03.633.300.783'], ['F03.700.750'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Junctional adhesion molecule-C is a soluble mediator of angiogenesis.
|
Junctional adhesion molecule-C (JAM-C) is an adhesion molecule expressed by endothelial cells (ECs) that plays a role in tight junction formation, leukocyte adhesion, and transendothelial migration. In the current study, we investigated whether JAM-C is found in soluble form and whether soluble JAM-C (sJAM-C) mediates angiogenesis. We found that JAM-C is present in soluble form in normal serum and elevated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) serum. The concentration of sJAM-C is also elevated locally in RA synovial fluid compared with RA serum or osteoarthritis synovial fluid. sJAM-C was also present in the culture supernatant of human microvascular ECs (HMVECs) and immortalized human dermal microvascular ECs, and its concentration was increased following cytokine stimulation. In addition, sJAM-C cleavage from the cell surface was mediated in part by a disintegrin and metalloproteinases 10 and 17. In functional assays, sJAM-C was both chemotactic and chemokinetic for HMVECs and induced HMVEC tube formation on Matrigel in vitro. Neutralizing anti-JAM-C Abs inhibited RA synovial fluid-induced HMVEC chemotaxis and sJAM-C-induced HMVEC tube formation on Matrigel. sJAM-C also induced angiogenesis in vivo in the Matrigel plug and sponge granuloma models. Moreover, sJAM-C-mediated HMVEC chemotaxis was dependent on Src, p38, and PI3K. Our results show that JAM-C exists in soluble form and suggest that modulation of sJAM-C may provide a novel route for controlling pathological angiogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Cell Line, Transformed', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Solubility', 'Synovial Fluid']
| 20,592,283
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['A11.251.210.172'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['D23.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G09.330.630'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['G02.805'], ['A02.835.583.443.800.800', 'A12.207.270.847']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Management Strategies of Pulmonary Ground Galss Nodule].
|
Pulmonary ground glass nodule (GGN) is a term of radiological manifestation, which may be malignant or benign. The management for pulmonary GGN remains controversial. Both Fleischner society and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) panel updated the guideline for the management of GGN in 2017. Compared with previous versions, the indication for surgery or biopsy is stricter, and the recommended follow-up interval is prolonged. In clinical practice, the size of GGN component, the size of consolidation component, dynamic change during follow-up and computed tomography (CT) value are the four factors that help surgeons to decide the timing of surgery. There are some misunderstandings for the management of GGN, such as the administration of antibiotics, the use of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), pure GGN adjacent to visceral pleura, and GGN with penetrating vessel. In conclusion, GGN is a kind of slowly growing lesion, which can be followed up safely.
.
|
['Humans', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Solitary Pulmonary Nodule']
| 29,587,931
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C08.381.884']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evolutionary changes in non-histone chromosomal proteins within the Drosophila melanogaster group revealed by monoclonal antibodies.
|
Monoclonal antibodies directed against nonhistone chromosomal proteins of D. melanogaster were tested for crossreactivity with the homologous antigens of various Drosophila species. -- By indirect immunofluorescence it could be shown that three antibodies react only with polytene chromosomes of species of the D. melanogaster subgroup, and only much less with chromosomes of other species of Drosophila. -- With chromosomes of various other species of the Sophophora or Drosophila radiations only a reaction at background level could be observed. The results suggest that the three antibodies react with different antigenic determinants of a single protein whose conformation changed rather fast during evolution of the Drosophilidae.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Biological Evolution', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Chromosomes', 'Cross Reactions', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Species Specificity']
| 6,813,057
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['G12.122.281'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A new terminology for describing left and right ventricular conduction abnormalities.
|
The words we use to describe a medical condition should match our knowledge of it. Unfortunately, at times, the words we used long ago persist after new knowledge of the subject has become apparent; so it is with left and right ventricular conduction system abnormalities. The words left or right bundle-branch block no longer reflect our knowledge of the condition. Accordingly, this essay describes a new terminology that more accurately describes the numerous abnormalities that compose left and right ventricular conduction system block as well as their numerous subsets. A brief account of the cardiac conditions associated with the conduction defects is also presented.
|
['Bundle-Branch Block', 'Electrocardiography', 'Heart Block', 'Humans', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 14,640,473
|
[['C14.280.067.558.323', 'C14.280.123.500.323', 'C23.550.073.425.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['C14.280.067.558', 'C14.280.123.500', 'C23.550.073.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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| 1
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| 0
| 0
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Corneal ulceration at an urban African hospital.
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During a one-year survey 283 corneal ulcers from 274 patients were seen at St John's Eye Unit of Baragwanath Hospital. Central bacterial ulcers constituted the largest problem, and the commonest isolate in this group was Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mycotic and dendritic keratitis were relatively uncommon, while marginal catarrhal ulceration secondary to chronic staphylococcal lid disease was frequently seen. The microbiology of the various ulcers is described, and the placing of organisms into classes is stressed in determining significance of isolates. Many of the patients were male Africans who were either manual labourers or unemployed. Half the patients had used topical antibiotics before presentation.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Corneal Ulcer', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Seasons', 'South Africa', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae']
| 3,936,534
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.375.177', 'C11.204.564.225', 'C11.294.177'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
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Both hyper- and hypo-activation to cognitive challenge are associated with increased beta-amyloid deposition in healthy aging: A nonlinear effect.
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Beta-amyloid (Aâ) positive individuals hyper-activate brain regions compared to those not at-risk; however, hyperactivation is then thought to diminish as Alzheimer's disease symptomatology begins, evidencing eventual hypoactivation. It remains unclear when in the disease staging this transition occurs. We hypothesized that differential levels of amyloid burden would be associated with both increased and decreased activation (i.e., a quadratic trajectory) in cognitively-normal adults. Participants (N = 62; aged 51-94) underwent an fMRI spatial distance-judgment task and Amyvid-PET scanning. Voxelwise regression modeled age, linear-Aâ, and quadratic-Aâ as predictors of BOLD activation to difficult spatial distance-judgments. A significant quadratic-Aâ effect on BOLD response explained differential activation in bilateral angular/temporal and medial prefrontal cortices, such that individuals with slightly elevated Aâ burden exhibited hyperactivation whereas even higher Aâ burden was then associated with hypoactivation. Importantly, in high-Aâ individuals, Aâ load moderated the effect of BOLD activation on behavioral task performance, where in lower-elevation, greater deactivation was associated with better accuracy, but in higher-elevation, greater deactivation was associated with poorer accuracy during the task. This study reveals a dose-response, quadratic relationship between increasing Aâ burden and alterations in BOLD activation to cognitive challenge in cognitively-normal individuals that suggests 1) the shift from hyper-to hypo-activation may begin early in disease staging, 2) depends, in part, on degree of Aâ burden, and 3) tracks cognitive performance.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Cognition', 'Distance Perception', 'Female', 'Functional Neuroimaging', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Psychomotor Performance']
| 29,108,941
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.593.200.390', 'F02.463.593.778.255.390'], ['E01.370.350.578.875', 'E01.370.376.537.625', 'E05.629.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Functional Status of Patients with COPD Assessed by London Chest Activity of Daily Living Scale: Gender Association and Validity of a Cutoff Point.
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PURPOSE: Whether the difference in the impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on the functional status of men and women stems from clinical distinctions or to the measuring instrument used is unclear. Like most instruments for assessing functional limitation in COPD, the interpretation of the results of the London Chest Activity of Daily Living (LCADL) scale is limited because a lack of a valid cutoff point to this scale. For that, this study sought to compare the functional status between men and women with COPD; and propose a cutoff point for LCADL capable of discriminating the prognosis of these individuals.METHODS: A sample of 138 subjects with moderate-severe COPD was evaluated by the LCADL. The percentage of the individual maximum score was used to obtain a cutoff point capable of discriminating patients with the worse prognosis according to the BODE Index. The cutoff point was also tested in an independent sample (n = 70).RESULTS: Regarding the total score, domestic and leisure domains of the LCADL, men had better scores than women (P ? 0.01). The cutoff point found was 37% (area under the curve = 0.70, 95% confidence interval = 0.60-0.80, sensitivity = 0.55 and specificity = 0.74). Individuals who scored ? 37% had a worse prognosis and level of physical activities of daily living than those who scored below (P ? 0.02).CONCLUSION: When evaluated by the LCADL, men and women with COPD present difference in the functional status. The established cutoff point (37%) adequately discriminates individuals regarding the prognosis, contributing to improve the interpretation capacity of the LCADL.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Status', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Factors']
| 31,079,224
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['I01.240.425', 'N01.224.425', 'N06.850.505.400.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
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Aneurysm of the left anterior descending coronary artery after chest trauma.
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A 28-year old man developed transmural anterior wall myocardial infarction after a car accident despite the absence of external signs of chest trauma. Coronary angiography one month after the accident demonstrated an aneurysm of the left anterior descending artery. Angiography five and eleven months afterwards showed almost total regression of the aneurysm. The man remained asymptomatic with no signs of residual ischaemia one year after the accident. Blunt trauma to the chest is a well-known cause of cardiac damage including myocardial contusion, rupture of the ventricular wall, septum, papillary muscles or chordae tendineae. Myocardial infarction secondary to distinct injury to a coronary artery has only seldom been described. Visualization of a localized lesion in a coronary artery of an otherwise non-atherosclerotic coronary tree supports the traumatic origin of a myocardial infarction.
|
['Adult', 'Coronary Aneurysm', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Thoracic Injuries', 'Wounds, Nonpenetrating']
| 2,924,785
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.250.250', 'C14.907.055.395', 'C14.907.585.250.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.891'], ['C26.974']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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[Nucleotide sequence of the pNB2 plasmid from thermophilic bacteria Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum].
|
The complete nucleotide sequence of pNB2, a 1.9-kilobases cryptic plasmid from thermophilic Clostridium thermosaccharolyticum has been determined. The plasmid consists of 1882 base pairs and has a G+C composition of 27.2%. The sequence contains three open reading frames capable of coding for polypeptides two of which were identified in maxicell Escherichia coli extracts. Our future studies are directed toward a construction of pNB2-derivatives as vectors for Clostridia.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Autoradiography', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Clostridium', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plasmids', 'Restriction Mapping']
| 1,508,167
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B03.300.390.400.200', 'B03.353.625.375.500', 'B03.510.415.400.200'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
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Changes in the apparent quantum efficiency for photolysis of Hb(CO)1.
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Recent studies suggest that the allosteric state of the protein surrounding the hemes in hemoglobin affects both geminate recombination of CO and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) for photolysis (Rohlfs, R.J., J.S. Olson, and Q.H. Gibson, 1988, J. Biol. Chem. 263: 1803-1813. We report combined flow/flash experiments in which the AQE for photolysis of Hb(CO)1 was measured as a function of time delay after its formation. Experiments were carried out at 20 degrees C in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 with CO saturations of 10% or less. The AQE was observed to decrease from a value close to 1.0 at short times to approximately 0.6 after 2 s. The fundamental photolysis step for carboxyhemoglobin is known to have a quantum efficiency of nearly 1.0, whereas the lower AQE values we observe result from competition between rapid geminate recombination and a rapid reaction step leading to escape of the CO to the solution phase. Changes in AQE values reflect changes in these rapid reaction steps which presumably result from conformational change in Hb(CO)1. The change in AQE is consistent with conversion of one or more hemes to an R-like state but these changes could not be even approximately described in terms of a simple two-state allosteric model.
|
['Carboxyhemoglobin', 'Hemoglobin A', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Myoglobin', 'Photolysis', 'Quantum Theory']
| 2,605,305
|
[['D12.776.124.400.141', 'D12.776.422.316.762.149'], ['D12.776.124.400.405', 'D12.776.422.316.762.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G02.740.685'], ['H01.671.579.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Top-down attention regulates the neural expression of audiovisual integration.
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The interplay between attention and multisensory integration has proven to be a difficult question to tackle. There are almost as many studies showing that multisensory integration occurs independently from the focus of attention as studies implying that attention has a profound effect on integration. Addressing the neural expression of multisensory integration for attended vs. unattended stimuli can help disentangle this apparent contradiction. In the present study, we examine if selective attention to sound pitch influences the expression of audiovisual integration in both behavior and neural activity. Participants were asked to attend to one of two auditory speech streams while watching a pair of talking lips that could be congruent or incongruent with the attended speech stream. We measured behavioral and neural responses (fMRI) to multisensory stimuli under attended and unattended conditions while physical stimulation was kept constant. Our results indicate that participants recognized words more accurately from an auditory stream that was both attended and audiovisually (AV) congruent, thus reflecting a benefit due to AV integration. On the other hand, no enhancement was found for AV congruency when it was unattended. Furthermore, the fMRI results indicated that activity in the superior temporal sulcus (an area known to be related to multisensory integration) was contingent on attention as well as on audiovisual congruency. This attentional modulation extended beyond heteromodal areas to affect processing in areas classically recognized as unisensory, such as the superior temporal gyrus or the extrastriate cortex, and to non-sensory areas such as the motor cortex. Interestingly, attention to audiovisual incongruence triggered responses in brain areas related to conflict processing (i.e., the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula). Based on these results, we hypothesize that AV speech integration can take place automatically only when both modalities are sufficiently processed, and that if a mismatch is detected between the AV modalities, feedback from conflict areas minimizes the influence of this mismatch by reducing the processing of the least informative modality.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Adult', 'Attention', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Pitch Perception', 'Speech Perception', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 26,119,022
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F02.463.593.071.700', 'G07.888.125.700'], ['F02.463.593.071.875', 'G07.888.125.875'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Transient increases in choroidal thickness are consistently associated with brief daily visual stimuli that inhibit ocular growth in chicks.
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In chickens, transient changes in choroidal thickness are found in conditions in which the eye is slowing its growth in response to visual episodes that prevent excessive elongation. To test the hypothesis that the choroidal and ocular growth responses are linked, we used a variety of "brief daily" stimuli known to ameliorate the development of myopia and assessed the concurrence of the responses. If the hypothesis is true, they should always be correlated. Form deprivation w/vision or strobe. Diffusers were worn for 5 days and removed for 2h of "vision" each day in: (a) one block of 2-h (n=16); or (b) two 1-h periods (n=10). Strobe. Birds were given 0.5h episodes of 12 Hz strobe at dawn and dusk (12h apart, n=11). Negative lenses w/vision or strobe. Lenses (-10D) were worn for 5 days and removed for 2h of vision each day (n=14). Strobe. Same as above (n=11). Darkness/brief vision or myopic defocus. Birds in constant darkness were given 2 daily 0.5h episodes of light 12h apart (n=6) or one daily 0.5h episode of +10D myopic defocus (n=6) for 4 days. Darkness/"frequent" or "infrequent" myopic defocus. Birds in constant darkness were given frequent (2 min x 14) or infrequent (1 min x 7) episodes of +10D myopic defocus for 4 days. In all experiments a control group had the myopia-inducing treatment but did not receive the visual stimulation. High frequency ultrasonography was done at the start and end of the experiment, and on the last day immediately prior to and 1h after the period of stimulation. Refractive errors were measured using a Hartinger's refractometer at the end of the experiment. We found that in 7 of the 8 conditions the development of myopia was inhibited. Form deprivation: vision or strobe vs control: -1.2 and -1.8 vs -9.8D. Negative lenses: vision or strobe vs control: -1.2 and -4.3 vs -8D. Constant dark: vision or myopic defocus vs control: -0.7 and 1.8 vs -1.8D. Constant dark: frequent myopic defocus vs control: 4.8 vs -0.4D (p<0.05 for all comparisons). In all the effect was axial with growth rate being significantly inhibited. In all cases the choroids showed significant transient increases in thickness as well. Form deprivation: vision or strobe vs control: 58 and 15 vs -3 microm. Negative lenses: vision or strobe vs controls: 74 and 17 vs -17 microm. Dark: vision or myopic defocus vs control: 56 and 46 vs 11 microm. Dark: frequent vs control: 103 vs 5 microm. In the "infrequent myopic defocus" condition eyes did not compensate to the defocus, however they did not become myopic. The choroidal response was not significant. These results support the hypothesis that these brief choroidal responses may play a role in ocular growth inhibition.
|
['Animals', 'Chickens', 'Choroid', 'Darkness', 'Eye', 'Myopia', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Sensory Deprivation', 'Ultrasonography']
| 17,395,180
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['A09.371.894.223'], ['G01.590.540.233'], ['A01.456.505.420', 'A09.371'], ['C11.744.636'], ['E05.723.729'], ['F02.463.593.696'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Oral fibrinogen-depleting agent lumbrokinase for secondary ischemic stroke prevention: results from a multicenter, randomized, parallel-group and controlled clinical trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Elevated fibrinogen (Fg) level is a known risk factor for ischemic stroke. There are few clinical trials on oral fibrinogen-depleting therapies for secondary ischemic stroke prevention. We aimed to assess the effects of one-year therapy with oral lumbrokinase enteric-coated capsules on secondary ischemic stroke prevention.METHODS: This is a multicenter, randomized, parallel group and controlled study that began treatment in hospitalized patients with ischemic stroke and continued for 12 months. Patients were randomized to either the control group that received the standard stroke treatment or the fibrinogen-depleting group that received the standard stroke treatment plus enteric-coated lumbrokinase capsules. The NIH Stroke Scale scores (NIHSSs) and plasma Fg level were recorded. The carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and status of plaques were examined through carotid ultrasound examination. Primary outcomes included all-cause mortality, any event of recurrent ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA), hemorrhagic stroke, myocardial infarction and angina, and other noncerebral ischemia or hemorrhage. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Long-rank test were used to compare total vascular end point incidence between the two groups. Comparison of median values between two groups was done by the Student t test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), or non-parametric rank sum test.RESULTS: A total of 310 patients were enrolled, 192 patients in the treatment group and 118 patients in the control group. Compared to the control group, the treatment group showed favorable outcomes in the Fg level, carotid IMT, the detection rate of vulnerable plaques, the volume of carotid plaques, NIHSS scores, and incidence of total vascular (6.78% and 2.08%, respectively) and cerebral vascular events (5.93% and 1.04%, respectively) (P < 0.05). In the treatment group, the volume of carotid plaques was significantly related to the carotid IMT, the plaque diameter, width and number (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.000, 0.022; F = 13.51, 2.52, 11.33, -3.29, but there was a weak correlation with the Fg level (P = 0.056). After 1-year therapy, the incidence of overall vascular end points was reduced by 4.7%.CONCLUSION: Long-term oral fibrinogen-depleting therapy may be beneficial for secondary ischemic stroke prevention.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Aged', 'Carotid Intima-Media Thickness', 'Endopeptidases', 'Female', 'Fibrinogen', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Secondary Prevention', 'Stroke']
| 24,229,674
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.850.150', 'E01.370.370.180', 'G09.330.210'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.897', 'N02.421.726.825', 'N06.850.780.750'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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[Cancer of the upper stomach: current problems of its diagnosis].
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Data on 1248 cases of stomaches radically operated on for cancer at the surgical departments of the Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute in 1971 to 2000 were used to study a number of problems associated with cancer of the upper stomach, by regarding the present-day role of radiation diagnosis as of paramount importance. The following radiation diagnostic techniques were assessed. Among them there were traditional X-ray studies (in each case), the new radiation diagnostic techniques: ultrasound study and computed tomography (CT) (750 studies), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (120 studies). The potentialities of radiation diagnosis and endoscopy performed in all cases are compared. A specially developed procedure for exploring endophytic forms of gastric cancer was employed in the morphological studies of the material. The incidence of cancer of the upper stomach and its association with the esophagus are presented; some aspects of the morphogenesis of cancer of this site are discussed. The relationship of its clinical symptoms and its radiation image has been studied. In the authors' opinion, the past two decades' rise in the incidence of proximal gastric cancer is one of the main problems in diagnosing gastric cancer that continues holding its stand in the general structure of cancer morbidity. The tendency for diffuse and mixed forms to increase in the morphogenesis of gastric cancer provides evidence that radiation techniques should be actively used in its diagnosis. It is necessary to apply classical double-contrasting X-ray study and endoscopy on equal grounds as basic diagnostic methods at early stages. Only their concord use may change the poor situation associated with the diagnosis of cancer at this site. CT and MRI as additional techniques may substantially provide more required diagnostic information. This is first and foremost associated with difficulties in gastric endoscopic study when esophageal cancer is apparently proved.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Cardia', 'Esophagogastric Junction', 'Female', 'Gastroscopy', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Ultrasonography']
| 12,776,501
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['A03.556.875.875.163'], ['A03.556.875.500.414', 'A03.556.875.875.330'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.325', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.320', 'E04.210.240.250.320', 'E04.502.250.250.250.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Precise stacking of decellularized extracellular matrix based 3D cell-laden constructs by a 3D cell printing system equipped with heating modules.
|
Three-dimensional (3D) cell printing systems allow the controlled and precise deposition of multiple cells in 3D constructs. Hydrogel materials have been used extensively as printable bioinks owing to their ability to safely encapsulate living cells. However, hydrogel-based bioinks have drawbacks for cell printing, e.g. inappropriate crosslinking and liquid-like rheological properties, which hinder precise 3D shaping. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the influence of various factors (e.g. bioink concentration, viscosity, and extent of crosslinking) on cell printing and established a new 3D cell printing system equipped with heating modules for the precise stacking of decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM)-based 3D cell-laden constructs. Because the pH-adjusted bioink isolated from native tissue is safely gelled at 37 °C, our heating system facilitated the precise stacking of dECM bioinks by enabling simultaneous gelation during printing. We observed greater printability compared with that of a non-heating system. These results were confirmed by mechanical testing and 3D construct stacking analyses. We also confirmed that our heating system did not elicit negative effects, such as cell death, in the printed cells. Conclusively, these results hold promise for the application of 3D bioprinting to tissue engineering and drug development.
|
['Animals', 'Bioengineering', 'Cell Survival', 'Extracellular Matrix', 'Heating', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Printing, Three-Dimensional', 'Rheology', 'Skin', 'Swine']
| 28,819,137
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.293.069'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.284.295.310'], ['N06.230.150.300'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.300'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['J01.897.564', 'L01.224.108.150.500', 'L01.296.110.150.500'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['A17.815'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Higher frequency of premature stop codon mutations at vpu gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 CRF01_AE compared with those of other subtypes.
|
Our previous study demonstrated the anti-apoptosis function of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpu gene product in normal CD4+ T lymphocytes. In this study, using sequences obtained from the HIV sequence database, we compared vpu sequences from 184 preparations of various subtypes of HIV-1 from diverse geographical regions. Our analysis revealed that CRF01_AE isolates had premature stop codon mutations at the vpu gene at a much higher rate (36%) than other subtypes (0-9%). The premature stop codon mutations in vpu existed mostly at two amino acid residues: the methionine initiation codon and the boundary between the transmembrane (TM) and cytoplasmic domains. The mutations at the latter site were more often detected in CRF01_AE. The higher mutation rates at vpu in CRF01_AE were confirmed by sequence comparison of polymerase chain reaction products newly obtained directly from the DNA extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), but not from the RNA from the plasma, in CRF01_AE- and subtype B-infected individuals. This finding may indicate the possibility that the more abundant population of HIV-1 CRF01_AE is able to induce apoptosis in CD4+ T lymphocytes than the populations of other subtypes.
|
['Codon', 'Codon, Terminator', 'HIV-1', 'Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins']
| 15,715,990
|
[['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D13.444.735.544.355.250', 'G05.360.335.355.250', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190.250'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['D12.776.964.775.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.964.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma vitamin A and E in preterm babies fed on breast milk or formula milk with or without long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids.
|
Plasma vitamin A and E, the antioxidant nutrients copper and zinc, and magnesium were investigated in preterm babies. They were fed on their own mother's breast milk, or a formula with, or without, AA and DHA. Vitamin A (2.4 mg/d) and E (15 mg/d) supplements were also given. Vitamin A and E levels of most of the babies were sub-optimal at birth. The mean concentrations of vitamin E increased in all the groups by the expected date of delivery (EDD) (p < 0.001). Those fed on their mother's breast milk had the highest value compared with the other groups (p < 0.001). There was an increase in the mean level of vitamin A (p > 0.05) and copper (p < 0.05) and a decrease in zinc (p < 0.05) between birth and EDD. Concentrations of the two vitamins were not different (p > 0.05) between the babies fed on the formula with, and without, AA and DHA. It is concluded that the amount of AA and DHA incorporated in the formula milk did not adversely influence the plasma vitamin A and E of the babies.
|
['Anthropometry', 'Copper', 'Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant Food', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Magnesium', 'Male', 'Milk, Human', 'Vitamin A', 'Vitamin E', 'Zinc']
| 10,218,144
|
[['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D10.251.355'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.203.300.525.500', 'J02.500.525.500'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Examination of enamel-adhesive interface with focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy.
|
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to observe, with a scanning electron microscope, the interface between enamel and orthodontic adhesive after focused ion-beam milling. In addition, enamel etched with phosphoric acid was compared with enamel conditioned with self-etching primer.METHODS: Four freshly extracted human premolars were collected and pumiced by using rubber cups with fluoride-free paste, washed, and dried. The enamel of 2 teeth was etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 30 seconds, washed, and dried; the enamel of the other 2 teeth was conditioned with self-etching primer for 5 seconds. Stainless steel brackets were bonded with Transbond XT adhesive (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The specimens were milled by focused ion beam and observed under the scanning electron microscope.RESULTS: The scanning electron micrographs showed that 37% phosphoric acid seemed to produce more enamel loss than the self-etching primer. Moreover, the enamel-adhesive interface was more irregular when the enamel was etched with 37% phosphoric acid. Finally, a gentler etch pattern of the self-etching primer on the enamel surface was observed, and this conditioner could be used clinically for minimal intervention in the orthodontic bonding procedure.CONCLUSIONS: Focused ion-beam milling to prepare samples allowed clear observation of the enamel-adhesive interface without artificial damage.
|
['Acid Etching, Dental', 'Bicuspid', 'Dental Bonding', 'Dental Enamel', 'Dental Materials', 'Dentin-Bonding Agents', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Orthodontic Brackets', 'Phosphoric Acids', 'Resin Cements', 'Surface Properties']
| 17,482,085
|
[['E06.931.475.111'], ['A14.549.167.860.150'], ['E06.095'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['D25.339', 'D27.720.102.339', 'J01.637.051.339'], ['D25.339.291.300', 'J01.637.051.339.291.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E06.658.453.255.500'], ['D01.029.260.700.675', 'D01.695.625.675'], ['D05.750.716.822.730', 'D25.339.291.750', 'D25.720.716.822.730', 'J01.637.051.339.291.750', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.730'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Subject and pain: introduction to a philosophy of medicine].
|
Pain cannot be explained. It may only be understood from the most unpleasant of positions: suffering it. Thus, in the attempt to account for its multiple occurrences, meanings and mechanisms, developing a philosophy of pain appears to be essential. The approach to these issues by traditional occidental medicine has not considered the particular language in their background, which contains a double subjectivity: the subjectivity it represents itself, and that which frames the relationship between the agents where this language circulates. Articulating traditional scientific medicine with social, anthropological, and artistic disciplines would allow for a satisfactory response to this double subjectiveness, resulting in a deep change in current pain therapies.
|
['Humans', 'Pain', 'Philosophy, Medical']
| 21,132,232
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['K01.752.667']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long non-coding RNA Irm enhances myogenic differentiation by interacting with MEF2D.
|
Recent studies suggest important roles for long non-coding RNAs as essential regulators of myogenic differentiation. Here, we report that lncRNA Irm is upregulated during myogenesis. Functional analyses show that the overexpression of Irm enhances myogenic differentiation, whereas the inhibition of Irm has completely opposite effects in vitro. Notably, the inhibition of Irm blocks damage-induced muscle regeneration in vivo. Mechanistically, Irm regulates the expression of myogenic genes by directly binding to MEF2D, which in turn promotes the assembly of MyoD/MEF2D on the regulatory elements of target genes. Collectively, we have identified a novel lncRNA that interacts with MEF2D to regulate myogenesis.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'MEF2 Transcription Factors', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Muscle Development', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'MyoD Protein', 'Myoblasts', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'Transcriptional Activation']
| 30,792,383
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.294', 'D12.776.260.103.750.294', 'D12.776.260.400.249.624', 'D12.776.930.125.750.294', 'D12.776.930.397.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.590', 'G11.427.578.590'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.590', 'D12.776.260.103.750.590', 'D12.776.930.125.750.590'], ['A11.872.620'], ['D13.444.735.790.375'], ['G05.308.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Computer-controlled heart rate increase by isoproterenol infusion: mathematical modeling of the system.
|
The purpose of this study was mathematical modeling of the heart rate (HR) response to isoproterenol (Iso) infusion. We developed a computerized system for the controlled increase of HR by Iso, based on a modified proportional-integral controller. HR was measured in conscious, freely moving rats. We found that the steady-state HR can be described as a hyperbolic power function of the steady-state Iso flow rate. This dependence was coupled with a first-order difference equation to form a pharmacodynamic model that reliably describes the relationship between HR and Iso flow for any arbitrary form of Iso flow function. In simulation studies, we showed that the model continued to follow the HR curve from real-time experiments far beyond the initial "learning interval" from which its parameters were calculated. Our results suggest that the predictive ability and the simplicity of calculating the parameters render this pharmacodynamic model appropriate for use within future advanced, model-based, adaptive control systems and as a part of larger cardiovascular models.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Computer Simulation', 'Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Heart Rate', 'Homeostasis', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Isoproterenol', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Rats']
| 10,516,185
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E02.319.335', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.180'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G07.410'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Oocyte morphological abnormalities in overweight women undergoing in vitro fertilization cycles.
|
The effect of elevated body mass index (BMI) on the oocyte quality was investigated in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles. A total of 268 patients classified on the basis of BMI subject to the first reproductive treatment were included in this study: the normal weight (NW) group consisted of 160 patients with BMI 19-24.9 kg/m(2) and the overweight (OW) group consisted of 108 patients with BMI ? 25 kg/m(2). All women were treated with a standard long luteal protocol. The oocyte features were classified as extracytoplasmic or cytoplasmic abnormalities. Outcomes were oocyte morphology, embryo quality, fertilization and implantation rates, and the ovarian response to stimulation. A higher percentage of oocytes with granular cytoplasm was found in women with BMI ? 25 (p = 0.04). However, percentages of mature, immature oocytes and germinal vesicle were similar in both groups. No differences were found in fertilization and cleavage rates and percentages of embryo quality. The implantation rate (p < 0.001) was significantly lower in the OW group than in the NW group. The amount of gonadotrophins was significantly higher in OW group (p = 0.003). These findings suggest that the poor reproductive outcome of obese women is influenced by the release of ova with reduced fertilization potential.
|
['Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Obesity', 'Oocytes', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic']
| 21,500,991
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['A16.254'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E02.875.800.750.700', 'E05.820.800.750.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
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