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Evidence for disruption in prefrontal cortical functions in juvenile bipolar disorder.
|
OBJECTIVES: Systematic parsing of executive function processes is critical for the development of more specific models of neurobiological processes mediating disturbed cognition in youth with bipolar disorder (BPD).METHODS: A sample of 33 children and adolescents with bipolar I disorder (BPD I) (mean age 12.1 +/- 3.0 years, 39% female) and 44 demographically matched healthy participants (mean age 12.9 +/- 2.8 years, 50% female) completed a neurocognitive battery including measures aimed at detection of disruption in prefrontal cortical circuitry (i.e., working memory, set shifting, and rule attainment).RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, BPD I children exhibited significant deficits in spatial working memory, visual sequencing and scanning, verbal fluency and abstract problem solving, particularly when a memory component was involved. In our spatial delayed response task, memory set size was parametrically varied; the performance pattern in BPD I children suggested deficits in short-term memory encoding and/or storage, rather than capacity limitations in spatial working memory. Earlier age at onset of illness and antipsychotic medication usage were associated with poorer performance on speeded information-processing tasks; however, severity of mood symptomatology and comorbidity with disruptive behavior disorders were not associated with task performance.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest impairment in measures of prefrontal cortical function in juvenile BPD I that are similar to those seen in the adult form of the illness, and implicate both the ventral and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex as loci of pathology in juvenile BPD. As these deficits were not associated with clinical state or comorbidity with other disorders, they may reflect trait-related impairments, a hypothesis that will be pursued further in longitudinal studies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Attention', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Problem Solving', 'Sex Factors', 'Verbal Behavior']
| 17,543,033
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.084.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.615.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['F02.463.425.725', 'F02.463.785.810'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['F01.145.209.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
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| 1
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|
Porencephaly and transverse limb defects following severe maternal trauma in early pregnancy.
|
A 13 year old boy with mental retardation, hemiatrophy and left hemiplegia, right hemifacial microsomia and transverse digital amputations is reported. He is moderately mentally retarded, experiences grand mal seizures and has evidence of a porencephalic cyst in the right frontotemporal region on CT scan. At 52 days post conception his mother was involved in a road traffic accident and suffered extensive bruising of the abdomen and concussion. It is suggested that the patient's congenital anomalies are a consequence of hypoxia and thrombo-embolic events sustained during early pregnancy.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Accidents, Traffic', 'Adolescent', 'Brain', 'Facial Asymmetry', 'Female', 'Fetal Hypoxia', 'Gestational Age', 'Hemiplegia', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Limb Deformities, Congenital', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Thromboembolism', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 7,735,509
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['N06.850.135.392'], ['M01.060.057'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C23.300.505'], ['C13.703.277.390', 'C16.300.420', 'C23.888.852.079.594'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['C10.597.622.295', 'C23.888.592.636.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['C05.660.585', 'C16.131.621.585'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['C26']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
p27-Associated G1 arrest induced by hinokitiol in human malignant melanoma cells is mediated via down-regulation of pRb, Skp2 ubiquitin ligase, and impairment of Cdk2 function.
|
Increasing evidence has confirmed that hinokitiol (beta-thujaplicin), a tropolone-related compound, exhibits anticancer activity in a variety of cancers through inhibition of cell proliferation. The present study indicates that hinokitiol selectively inhibits cell growth and DNA synthesis in FEM human melanoma cells. Hinokitiol-induced growth inhibition was associated with strong G1 cell cycle arrest. Consistent with blocking the G1-S-phase transition, hinokitiol markedly increased p27 protein levels, but caused only a moderate increase in p21, in addition to a decrease in Cdk2, cyclin E, and phosphorylated Rb. In addition, hinokitiol increased the stability of the p27 protein by inhibiting p27 phosphorylation at Thr(187) and by down-regulating Skp2 expression. siRNA knockdown of p27 abrogated hinokitiol-mediated growth inhibition, while knockdown of Skp2 exacerbated the G1 arrest. In addition to increasing Cdk inhibitor levels and decreasing cyclin A expression, hinokitiol also impaired Cdk2 function by inhibiting Cdk2 kinase activity, impeding cyclin E or A/Cdk2 binding, and inducing translocation of the Cdk2 protein complex. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the novel anticancer mechanism of hinokitiol involves accumulation of p27, down-regulation of Skp2, and impairment of Cdk2 function in FEM human melanoma cells. The therapeutic potential of hinokitiol may lead to novel cell-cycle-based anticancer strategies for malignant melanoma.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Flow Cytometry', 'G1 Phase', 'Humans', 'Immunoblotting', 'Melanoma', 'Monoterpenes', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Binding', 'RNA Interference', 'Retinoblastoma Protein', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'S Phase', 'S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins', 'Tropolone']
| 19,631,451
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.750', 'D12.644.360.250.323', 'D12.776.167.200.323', 'D12.776.476.250.323'], ['D12.644.360.225.600', 'D12.776.167.187.600', 'D12.776.476.225.600', 'D12.776.624.776.355.600'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G04.144.500.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.320', 'E05.601.470.320'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['D02.455.849.575'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D12.776.260.704', 'D12.776.624.776.745', 'D12.776.660.807', 'D12.776.744.770'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.225.880', 'G04.144.500.800', 'G05.226.880'], ['D12.776.157.743'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.284.900']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
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|
A benchmark concentration analysis for manganese in drinking water and IQ deficits in children.
|
BACKGROUND: Manganese is an essential nutrient, but in excess, can be a potent neurotoxicant. We previously reported findings from two cross-sectional studies on children, showing that higher concentrations of manganese in drinking water were associated with deficits in IQ scores. Despite the common occurrence of this neurotoxic metal, its concentration in drinking water is rarely regulated.OBJECTIVE: We aimed to apply a benchmark concentration analysis to estimate water manganese levels associated with pre-defined levels of cognitive impairment in children, i.e. drop of 1%, 2% and 5% in Performance IQ scores.METHODS: Data from two studies conducted in Canada were pooled resulting in a sample of 630 children (ages 5.9-13.7 years) with data on tap water manganese concentration and cognition, as well as confounders. We used the Bayesian Benchmark Dose Analysis System to compute weight-averaged median estimates for the benchmark concentration (BMC) of manganese in water and the lower bound of the credible interval (BMCL), based on seven different exposure-response models.RESULTS: The BMC for manganese in drinking water associated with a decrease of 1% Performance IQ score was 133 ìg/L (BMCL, 78 ìg/L); for a decrease of 2%, this concentration was 266 ìg/L (BMCL, 156 ìg/L) and for a decrease of 5% it was 676 ìg/L (BMCL, 406 ìg/L). In sex-stratified analyses, the manganese concentrations associated with a decrease of 1%, 2% and 5% Performance IQ in boys were 185, 375 and 935 ìg/L (BMCLs, 75, 153 and 386 ìg/L) and 78, 95, 192 ìg/L (BMCLs, 9, 21 and 74 ìg/L) for girls.CONCLUSION: Studies suggest that a maximum acceptable concentration for manganese in drinking water should be set to protect children, the most vulnerable population, from manganese neurotoxicity. The present risk analysis can guide decision-makers responsible for developing these standards.
|
['Adolescent', 'Benchmarking', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Drinking Water', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intelligence Tests', 'Male', 'Manganese']
| 31,200,154
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188'], ['D01.045.250.875.300', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.300', 'D01.650.550.925.199', 'G07.203.100.418', 'J02.200.418'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.141.493'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of the N-terminal catalytic domain of angiotensin-converting enzyme investigated by targeted inactivation in mice.
|
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) produces the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. The ACE protein is composed of two homologous domains, each binding zinc and each independently catalytic. To assess the physiologic significance of the two ACE catalytic domains, we used gene targeting in mice to introduce two point mutations (H395K and H399K) that selectively inactivated the ACE N-terminal catalytic site. This modification does not affect C-terminal enzymatic activity or ACE protein expression. In addition, the testis ACE isozyme is not affected by the mutations. Analysis of homozygous mutant mice (termed ACE 7/7) showed normal plasma levels of angiotensin II but an elevation of plasma and urine N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro, a peptide suggested to inhibit bone marrow maturation. Despite this, ACE 7/7 mice had blood pressure, renal function, and hematocrit that were indistinguishable from wild-type mice. We also studied compound heterozygous mice in which one ACE allele was null (no ACE expression) and the second allele encoded the mutations selectively inactivating the N-terminal catalytic domain. These mice produced approximately half the normal levels of ACE, with the ACE protein lacking N-terminal catalytic activity. Despite this, the mice have a phenotype indistinguishable from wild-type animals. This study shows that, in vivo, the presence of the C-terminal ACE catalytic domain is sufficient to maintain a functional renin-angiotensin system. It also strongly suggests that the anemia present in ACE null mice is not due to the accumulation of the peptide N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro.
|
['Anemia', 'Animals', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Mice', 'Oligopeptides', 'Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A', 'Point Mutation', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 14,757,757
|
[['C15.378.071'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350.687'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A randomised placebo-controlled trial of a traditional Chinese herbal formula in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea.
|
BACKGROUND: Most traditional Chinese herbal formulas consist of at least four herbs. Four-Agents-Decoction (Si Wu Tang) is a documented eight hundred year old formula containing four herbs and has been widely used to relieve menstrual discomfort in Taiwan. However, no specific effect had been systematically evaluated. We applied Western methodology to assess its effectiveness and safety for primary dysmenorrhoea and to evaluate the compliance and feasibility for a future trial.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot clinical trial was conducted in an ad hoc clinic setting at a teaching hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Seventy-eight primary dysmenorrheic young women were enrolled after 326 women with self-reported menstrual discomfort in the Taipei metropolitan area of Taiwan were screened by a questionnaire and subsequently diagnosed by two gynaecologists concurrently with pelvic ultrasonography. A dosage of 15 odorless capsules daily for five days starting from the onset of bleeding or pain was administered. Participants were followed with two to four cycles for an initial washout interval, one to two baseline cycles, three to four treatment cycles, and three follow-up cycles. Study outcome was pain intensity measured by using unmarked horizontal visual analog pain scale in an online daily diary submitted directly by the participants for 5 days starting from the onset of bleeding or pain of each menstrual cycle. Overall-pain was the average pain intensity among days in pain and peak-pain was the maximal single-day pain intensity. At the end of treatment, both the overall-pain and peak-pain decreased in the Four-Agents-Decoction (Si Wu Tang) group and increased in the placebo group; however, the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. The trends persisted to follow-up phase. Statistically significant differences in both peak-pain and overall-pain appeared in the first follow-up cycle, at which the reduced peak-pain in the Four-Agents-Decoction (Si Wu Tang) group did not differ significantly by treatment length. However, the reduced peak-pain did differ profoundly among women treated for four menstrual cycles (2.69 (2.06) cm, mean (standard deviation), for the 20 women with Four-Agents-Decoction and 4.68 (3.16) for the 22 women with placebo, p = .020.) There was no difference in adverse symptoms between the Four-Agents-Decoction (Si Wu Tang) and placebo groups.CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Four-Agents-Decoction (Si Wu Tang) therapy in this pilot post-market clinical trial, while meeting the standards of conventional medicine, showed no statistically significant difference in reducing menstrual pain intensity of primary dysmenorrhoea at the end of treatment. Its use, with our dosage regimen and treatment length, was not associated with adverse reactions. The finding of statistically significant pain-reducing effect in the first follow-up cycle was unexpected and warrants further study. A larger similar trial among primary dysmenorrheic young women with longer treatment phase and multiple batched study products can determine the definitive efficacy of this historically documented formula.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Controlled-Trials.com ISRCTN23374750.
|
['Adult', 'Analgesics', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Dysmenorrhea', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Pain Measurement', 'Pilot Projects', 'Placebos', 'Pregnancy', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Taiwan', 'Young Adult']
| 17,710,126
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014', 'D27.505.954.427.040'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['C23.550.568.750', 'C23.888.592.612.944.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Fe- and Ln-DOTAm-F12 Are Effective Paramagnetic Fluorine Contrast Agents for MRI in Water and Blood.
|
A series of fluorinated macrocyclic complexes, M-DOTAm-F12, where M is LaIII, EuIII, GdIII, TbIII, DyIII, HoIII, ErIII, TmIII, YbIII, and FeII, was synthesized, and their potential as fluorine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents was evaluated. The high water solubility of these complexes and the presence of a single fluorine NMR signal, two necessary parameters for in vivo MRI, are substantial advantages over currently used organic polyfluorocarbons and other reported paramagnetic 19F probes. Importantly, the sensitivity of the paramagnetic probes on a per fluorine basis is at least 1 order of magnitude higher than that of diamagnetic organic probes. This increased sensitivity is due to a substantial-up to 100-fold-decrease in the longitudinal relaxation time (T1) of the fluorine nuclei. The shorter T1 allows for a greater number of scans to be obtained in an equivalent time frame. The sensitivity of the fluorine probes is proportional to the T2/T1 ratio. In water, the optimal metal complexes for imaging applications are those containing HoIII and FeII, and to a lesser extent TmIII and YbIII. Whereas T1 of the lanthanide complexes are little affected by blood, the T2 are notably shorter in blood than in water. The sensitivity of Ln-DOTAm-F12 complexes is lower in blood than in water, such that the most sensitive complex in water, HoIII-DOTAm-F12, could not be detected in blood. TmIII yielded the most sensitive lanthanide fluorine probe in blood. Notably, the relaxation times of the fluorine nuclei of FeII-DOTAm-F12 are similar in water and in blood. That complex has the highest T2/T1 ratio (0.57) and the lowest limit of detection (300 ìM) in blood. The combination of high water solubility, single fluorine signal, and high T2/T1 of M-DOTAm-F12 facilitates the acquisition of three-dimensional magnetic resonance images.
|
['Contrast Media', 'Coordination Complexes', 'Fluorine', 'Humans', 'Iron', 'Lanthanoid Series Elements', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Molecular Structure', 'Solubility', 'Water']
| 28,094,930
|
[['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['D01.268.380.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['D01.268.558.362', 'D01.552.550.399'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['G02.805'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Base-specific mutational intolerance near splice sites clarifies the role of nonessential splice nucleotides.
|
Variation in RNA splicing (i.e., alternative splicing) plays an important role in many diseases. Variants near 5' and 3' splice sites often affect splicing, but the effects of these variants on splicing and disease have not been fully characterized beyond the two "essential" splice nucleotides flanking each exon. Here we provide quantitative measurements of tolerance to mutational disruptions by position and reference allele-alternative allele combinations. We show that certain reference alleles are particularly sensitive to mutations, regardless of the alternative alleles into which they are mutated. Using public RNA-seq data, we demonstrate that individuals carrying such variants have significantly lower levels of the correctly spliced transcript, compared to individuals without them, and confirm that these specific substitutions are highly enriched for known Mendelian mutations. Our results propose a more refined definition of the "splice region" and offer a new way to prioritize and provide functional interpretation of variants identified in diagnostic sequencing and association studies.
|
['Alleles', 'Alternative Splicing', 'Exons', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Nucleotides', 'RNA Splice Sites', 'RNA Splicing']
| 29,858,273
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['D13.444.735.544.550', 'G02.111.570.080.689.687.490', 'G05.360.080.689.687.490', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.800'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structure of the kainate receptor subunit GluR6 agonist-binding domain complexed with domoic acid.
|
We report the crystal structure of the glycosylated ligand-binding (S1S2) domain of the kainate receptor subunit GluR6, in complex with the agonist domoate. The structure shows the expected overall homology with AMPA and NMDA receptor subunit structures but reveals an unexpected binding mode for the side chain of domoate, in which contact is made to the larger lobe only (lobe I). In common with the AMPA receptor subunit GluR2, the GluR6 S1S2 domain associates as a dimer, with many of the interdimer contacts being conserved. Subtle differences in these contacts provide a structural explanation for why GluR2 L483Y and GluR3 L507Y are nondesensitizing, but GluR6, which has a tyrosine at that site, is not. The structure incorporates native glycosylation, which has not previously been described for ionotropic glutamate receptors. The position of the sugars near the subunit interface rules out their direct involvement in subunit association but leaves open the possibility of indirect modulation. Finally, we observed several tetrameric assemblies that satisfy topological constraints with respect to connection to the receptor pore, and which are therefore candidates for the native quaternary structure.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Kainic Acid', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neurotoxins', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protein Subunits', 'Rats', 'Receptors, AMPA', 'Receptors, Kainic Acid', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 15,677,325
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D03.383.773.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D12.776.813'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.100', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.200'], ['E05.393.751'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Non-compliance in pyridoxine-dependent seizures and a way out.
|
Pyridoxine dependency is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder causing intractable seizures in neonates and infants. Life-long therapy with pyridoxine is required for prevention of seizure recurrence and for an optimum intellectual outcome. With the availability of newer biochemical confirmatory tests, the conventional pyridoxine-withdrawal test is being used less frequently for diagnosis. This report describes an infant whose parents were non-compliant with pyridoxine therapy and proposes that pyridoxine-withdrawal test may be useful in demonstrating to parents the need for life-long pyridoxine therapy, thereby reducing non-compliance.
|
['Humans', 'India', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Patient Compliance', 'Pyridoxine', 'Seizures', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,635,690
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['D03.383.725.676.925.875'], ['C10.597.742', 'C23.888.592.742'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
SLICC classification criteria for juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: a cross sectional study.
|
OBJECTIVES: to verify the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus, proposed by the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) and compare it to the ACR lupus criteria, in a pediatric population.PATIENTS AND METHODS: this is an observational cohort study, with a descriptive analysis of data from a Pediatric Rheumatology center, including 23 patients with Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (jSLE) and a control group of 24 patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA), both groups recently diagnosed and virgin of treatment. Information on signs and symptoms was obtained on the diagnostic consult, and the ACR and SLICC criteria were applied to both groups. Statistical analysis on descriptive data was performed, presenting them in absolute and relative frequency and calculating sensitivity and specificity for each set of criteria.RESULTS: by comparing the ACR and SLICC criteria, we obtained higher sensitivity and accuracy using the SLICC criteria (100% and 97.9%, respectively) and equal specificity. Individually, the positive ANA criterion had 100% sensitivity but only 58.3% specificity in both classifications. The other criteria showed low sensitivity and high specificity when individually analyzed; renal disorder, leukopenia or lymphopenia, positive anti-DNA antibody and low complement level were the only criteria with sensitivity above 50%. Arthritis was the least specific criterion.CONCLUSION: our results were similar to previous studies with both children and adults, and classification criteria should be used with caution. The SLICC criteria showed high sensitivity and specificity for the classification of jSLE.
|
['Child', 'Cohort Studies', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Male', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 30,641,536
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Urate-lowering therapy may mitigate the risks of hospitalized stroke and mortality in patients with gout.
|
OBJECTIVES: Although studies have demonstrated the association of hyperuricemia with cardiovascular (CV) diseases, few have explored the effect of urate-lowering therapy (ULT) on the incidence of CV diseases. Therefore, we compared the risks of hospitalized coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, heart failure (HF), and all-cause mortality between ULT users and nonusers among patients with gout.METHODS: We performed this retrospective cohort study using Taiwan's population-based National Health Insurance Research Database. In total, 5218 patients with gout were included from 2000 to 2012. We compared the incidence rates (IRs) of hospitalized CAD, stroke, HF, and all-cause mortality between ULT users and matched nonusers.RESULTS: The IRs of hospitalized stroke were 0.6 and 1.0 per 100 person-years for ULT users and nonusers, respectively, after adjusting for age, sex, residence, comorbidities, and medications. ULT users showed lower adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) for hospitalized stroke (aHR: 0.52, p < 0.001) and all-cause mortality (aHR: 0.6, p = 0.02) than nonusers. Subgroup analyses revealed that uricosuric agents and xanthine oxidase inhibitors were significantly associated with lower risks of hospitalized stroke and all-cause mortality, respectively. The effect of uricosuric agents on the decrease in hospitalized stroke risk indicated a dose-response relationship.CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed lower risks of hospitalized stroke and all-cause mortality in ULT users than in nonusers among patients with gout. Therefore, patients with gout may receive ULT to mitigate the risks of hospitalized stroke and mortality.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Allopurinol', 'Female', 'Gout', 'Gout Suppressants', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Hyperuricemia', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Stroke', 'Taiwan', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Uric Acid', 'Young Adult']
| 32,574,194
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.160'], ['C05.550.114.423', 'C05.550.354.500', 'C05.799.414', 'C16.320.565.798.368', 'C18.452.648.798.368'], ['D27.505.954.329.337'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.449'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Crystal structure of the RAG1 dimerization domain reveals multiple zinc-binding motifs including a novel zinc binuclear cluster.
|
The crystal structure of the dimerization domain of the V(D)J recombination-activating protein, RAG1, was solved using zinc anomalous scattering. The structure reveals an unusual combination of multi-class zinc-binding motifs, including a zinc RING finger and a C2H2 zinc finger, that together from a single structural domain. The domain also contains a unique zinc binuclear cluster in place of a normally mononuclear zinc site in the RING finger. Together, four zinc ions help organize the entire domain, including the two helices that form the dimer interface.
|
['Binding Sites', 'Crystallization', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Dimerization', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Conformation', 'Zinc', 'Zinc Fingers']
| 9,228,952
|
[['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['G02.282'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.985']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Atypical subacute sclerosing panencephalitis with short onset latency.
|
An 11-month-old boy presented with focal seizures, myoclonic jerks and altered sensorium of one month duration, with a history of measles at eight months of age. A diagnosis of Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) was made on the basis of typical EEG changes and presence of anti-measles antibody in cerebrospinal fluid. A differential diagnosis of SSPE should be considered in all forms of acute encephalopathy in infants for early diagnosis and management.
|
['Electroencephalography', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis']
| 23,474,932
|
[['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.207.245.340.600', 'C01.207.399.750.600', 'C01.925.182.525.600', 'C01.925.782.580.600.500.500.800', 'C01.925.839.862', 'C10.228.140.430.520.750.600', 'C10.228.228.245.340.600', 'C10.228.228.399.750.600']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sexual dimorphism from birth to age 60 in relation to the type of body shape.
|
Sexual dimorphism depends on age. It can be analysed within a population by a comparison of sex-specific body measurements based on cross-sectional samples. We analysed four length measurements, three circumferences, and one skinfold diameter of a representative cross-sectional sample of healthy German subjects aged 0 to 65 years. We here report that sexual dimorphism of these body measurements already is present in newborns. The percentages of anthropometric differences between female and male subjects behave in a specific pattern during growth age from birth up to adolescence. Girls are born smaller on an average, but they have a more accelerated growth than boys. Girls reach the peak of their adolescent growth spurt earlier in their chronological age. This means that their biological age at this time is at least 2 years older than that of boys of the same chronological age. This sex-specifically differential onset of the adolescent growth spurt, and its peak, as well as the differential decrease of growth velocity cause a dramatic change in sexual dimorphism. This change is clearly shown in this cross-sectional study. Except for the subcutaneous fat layer, there is a clear male growth advantage in all of the measurements investigated after the peak of the adolescent growth spurt. The largest differences between the measurements of both sexes in favour of the male sex are reached at young adult age. In the further course of life, the anthropometrical differences between the sexes decrease again. Sexual dimorphism within a population at a defined chronological age is therefore not only the result of a developing sex-specific physique, but also the result of a sex-specific growth velocity during the successive stages of biological development. Interestingly, we found that the sex-specific velocity of physical development, and by this the development of sexual dimorphism, proceeds differently in the tall and slim leptomorphic individuals in comparison to the smaller and more corpulent pyknomorphic individuals.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Anthropometry', 'Body Constitution', 'Body Size', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Somatotypes', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 17,444,192
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['E01.370.600.115', 'G07.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.815'], ['E01.370.600.115.800', 'G07.100.800'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A rapid one-step method to purify baculovirus-expressed human estrogen receptor to be used in the analysis of the oxytocin promoter.
|
We have produced a truncated form of the human estrogen receptor (hER) as a fusion protein with glutathione S-transferase (GST) in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf) cells using the baculovirus expression vector (BEV) system. The protein is correctly produced and can be purified from crude whole-cell extracts by a single-step, batch-wise affinity-purification procedure. We show that this GST-hER fusion protein binds at its DNA-binding site specifically and in a hormone-inducible manner. Furthermore, we used the purified hER to analyze the complex estrogen response element (ERE) in the promoter of the oxytocin-encoding gene.
|
['Baculoviridae', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins']
| 8,076,833
|
[['B04.280.065', 'B04.525.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D12.776.828.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Biochemical activity of lactic acid bacterial lyophilized concentrates obtained by continous cultivation].
|
Microbiological and biochemical parameters of lactic acid bacterial lyophilized concentrates obtained by continous cultivation were investigated during their storage at 3 to 5 degrees C. Under these conditions lyophilized bacterial concentrates retained high activity for three months and after six months their cell survival and biochemical activity decreased by 60--65% on the average.
|
['Bacteria', 'Freeze Drying', 'Freezing', 'Kinetics', 'Lactates', 'Time Factors']
| 674,117
|
[['B03'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['G01.645.500', 'G01.906.595.272.437', 'G02.734.466'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anthocyan does not suppress transformation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor induced by dioxin.
|
Dioxins cause a variety of toxic effects through transformation of a cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). We have previously demonstrated that certain natural flavones and flavonols at the dietary levels suppress AhR transformation. In this study, we investigated whether 5 anthocyanidins, 15 anthocyanins, and protocatechuic acid suppress AhR transformation in mouse hepatoma Hepa-1c1c7 cells. All the compounds tested here at 5 microM unexpectedly failed to suppress the transformation induced by 0.1 nM TCDD, indicating that anthocyan does not have a potential to prevent dioxin toxicity.
|
['Animals', 'Anthocyanins', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Hydroxybenzoates', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Plant Extracts', 'Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins', 'Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon']
| 15,630,228
|
[['B01.050'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.087', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.087', 'D09.408.084', 'D23.767.124'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D02.241.223.100.300', 'D02.241.511.390', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D02.309.500.450', 'D03.633.300.786'], ['D12.776.260.643.715', 'D12.776.826.209.715', 'D12.776.930.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3 regulates recruitment of anti-inflammatory monocytes to microvessels during implant arteriogenesis.
|
Endothelial cells play significant roles in conditioning tissues after injury by the production and secretion of angiocrine factors. At least two distinct subsets of monocytes, CD45(+)CD11b(+)Gr1(+)Ly6C(+) inflammatory and CD45(+)CD11b(+)Gr1(-)Ly6C(-) anti-inflammatory monocytes, respond differentially to these angiocrine factors and promote pathogen/debris clearance and arteriogenesis/tissue regeneration, respectively. We demonstrate here that local sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 3 (S1P3) agonism recruits anti-inflammatory monocytes to remodeling vessels. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) thin films were used to deliver FTY720, an S1P1/3 agonist, to inflamed and ischemic tissues, which resulted in a reduction in proinflammatory cytokine secretion and an increase in regenerative cytokine secretion. The altered balance of cytokine secretion results in preferential recruitment of anti-inflammatory monocytes from circulation. The chemotaxis of these cells, which express more S1P3 than inflammatory monocytes, toward SDF-1á was also enhanced with FTY720 treatment, but not in S1P3 knockout cells. FTY720 delivery enhanced arteriolar diameter expansion and increased length density of the local vasculature. This work establishes a role for S1P receptor signaling in the local conditioning of tissues by angiocrine factors that preferentially recruit regenerative monocytes that can enhance healing outcomes, tissue regeneration, and biomaterial implant functionality.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemotaxis', 'Cytokines', 'DNA Primers', 'Drug Carriers', 'Fingolimod Hydrochloride', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lactic Acid', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Microvessels', 'Monocytes', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Polyglycolic Acid', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer', 'Propylene Glycols', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Receptors, Lysosphingolipid', 'Sphingosine', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Vascular System Injuries']
| 23,918,395
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251'], ['F01.145.113.780.500', 'F01.145.875.439.500.500', 'G04.198.424', 'G07.568.500.590.500', 'G11.427.410.568.850.500'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D26.255.260', 'E02.319.300.380'], ['D02.033.100.700.350', 'D02.033.455.706.431', 'D02.092.063.700.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['A07.015.461'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['G09.330.630'], ['D05.750.728.780', 'D25.720.728.780', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500'], ['D02.033.455.706'], ['E07.695'], ['E05.393.620.500.706'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.420.500'], ['D02.033.100.700', 'D02.033.455.843', 'D02.092.063.700'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['C14.907.937', 'C26.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Curcumin abolishes apoptosis resistance of calcitriol-differentiated HL-60 cells.
|
Exposure of HL-60 cells to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (calcitriol) induces their differentiation into monocytes. This terminal differentiation is associated with acquired resistance to many proapoptotic stimuli. Here we show that differentiated HL-60 cells undergo apoptosis upon curcumin treatment although they retain resistance to apoptosis induced by a topoisomerase poison - etoposide. Curcumin induced changes of nuclear morphology, DNA fragmentation, release of cytochrome c as well as caspase activation in both differentiated and undifferentiated cells. Experiments performed in other laboratories suggested that curcumin initiates apoptosis by DNA damage that results from topoisomerase II poisoning. We measured gammaH2AX expression, a marker of DNA double strand breaks, in both undifferentiated and differentiated HL-60 cells treated with curcumin or etoposide. In etoposide-treated undifferentiated cells early gammaH2AX expression correlated with initiation phase of apoptosis. In contrast, in curcumin-treated cells gammaH2AX expression correlated with apoptotic DNA fragmentation, which is characteristic for the execution phase of apoptosis. Our experiments show that curcumin overcomes the resistance of calcitriol-differentiated HL-60 cells to DNA-damage-induced apoptosis by activating other cell signaling pathways leading to cell death of HL-60.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Calcitriol', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Curcumin', 'DNA Damage', 'HL-60 Cells', 'Humans']
| 16,876,793
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.159.478.387.300', 'D04.210.500.247.808.146.478.387.300', 'D04.210.500.812.768.196.478.387.300', 'D10.570.938.146.478.387.300'], ['G04.152'], ['D02.455.326.146.485.222.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.200', 'D02.455.426.559.694.222'], ['G05.200'], ['A11.251.210.190.465', 'A11.251.860.180.465', 'A11.627.340.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The economic impacts of using adalimumab (Humira®
|
AIM: The onset and progression of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) usually occurs during the life stage when individuals are more likely to be working and receiving an income, but little is known about the effects of interventions that reduce pain and improve the economic circumstances of patients out of the labour force due to AS. This study evaluates the economic benefits of pain reduction among people aged 19-64 with AS using adalimumab (Humira® ) from the patient and governmental perspectives.METHODS: We estimated the benefits of adalimumab for reducing pain in people aged 19-64 with AS in terms of labor force participation and earnings, and to the Australian Government in terms of income tax revenue and welfare payments using economic simulation. The simulation model integrated data from the Adalimumab Trial Evaluating Long-Term Safety and Efficacy for Ankylosing Spondylitis (ATLAS), the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey - Wave 10, and Static Incomes Model (STINMOD). All benefits are expressed in 2014 real Australian dollars.RESULTS: We estimated an additional 131 people aged 19-64 with AS (111 males, 20 females) would be in the labour force after using adalimumab for 24 weeks. National benefits consisted of an increase in annual earnings of AU$7.4 million for patients through increased labour force participation, savings of $2 million in annual welfare payments, and an increase of $1.3 million in income tax revenue in 2014 (after 24 weeks).CONCLUSION: Adalimumab therapy generates substantial economic benefits in addition to health benefits for individuals, and savings for government.
|
['Absenteeism', 'Adalimumab', 'Adult', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Australia', 'Back Pain', 'Computer Simulation', 'Cost Savings', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Drug Costs', 'Efficiency', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Economic', 'Pain Management', 'Pain Measurement', 'Sick Leave', 'Spondylitis, Ankylosing', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,611,342
|
[['F02.784.692.107'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.250', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.250', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.250'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['C23.888.592.612.107'], ['L01.224.160'], ['N03.219.151.160.200'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['N03.219.151.400.350', 'N05.300.375.300'], ['F02.784.692.351', 'N04.452.209'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.600', 'E05.599.835.890', 'N05.715.360.750.530.500', 'N06.850.520.830.500.600'], ['E02.745', 'N04.590.607.500'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['N01.824.417.700.662', 'N04.452.677.800.662'], ['C05.116.900.853.625.800.850', 'C05.550.069.680', 'C05.550.114.865.800.850'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Phytotoxic property of the invasive plant Tithonia diversifolia and a phytotoxic substance.
|
Tithonia diversifolia (Hermsl.) A. Gray is a perennial invasive plant and spreads quickly in the invasive areas. The extracts of T. diversifolia were found to be toxic to several crop plant species such as rice, maize, sorghum, lettuce and cowpea, and several putative allelopathic substances were identified. However, there is limited information available for the effects of T. diversifolia on wild plants including weed plant species. We investigated the allelopathic potential of T. diversifolia extracts on weed plants, and searched for phytotoxic substances with allelopathic activity. An aqueous methanol extract of T. diversifolia leaves inhibited the growth of weed plants, Lolium multiflorum Lam., Phleum pretense L., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. The extract was then purified by several chromatographic runs and a phytotoxic substance with allelopathic activity was isolated and identified by spectral analysis as tagitinin C. The substance inhibited the growth of Lolium multiflorum, Phleum pratense and Echinochloa crus-galli at concentrations greater than 0.1 - 0.3 mM. The present results suggest that T. diversifolia may possess allelopathic potential on weed plants and tagitinin C may be responsible for the allelopathic effects of T. diversifolia. The allelopathic potential of T. diversifolia may contribute to its invasive characteristics.
|
['Asteraceae', 'Crops, Agricultural', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Introduced Species', 'Plant Extracts', 'Sesquiterpenes']
| 28,605,983
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.100'], ['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.050.580', 'G16.500.275.157.049.400', 'N06.230.124.049.400'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D02.455.849.765']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Individual patient data meta-analysis of diagnostic and prognostic studies in obstetrics, gynaecology and reproductive medicine.
|
BACKGROUND: In clinical practice a diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical history, physical examination and additional diagnostic tests. At present, studies on diagnostic research often report the accuracy of tests without taking into account the information already known from history and examination. Due to this lack of information, together with variations in design and quality of studies, conventional meta-analyses based on these studies will not show the accuracy of the tests in real practice. By using individual patient data (IPD) to perform meta-analyses, the accuracy of tests can be assessed in relation to other patient characteristics and allows the development or evaluation of diagnostic algorithms for individual patients. In this study we will examine these potential benefits in four clinical diagnostic problems in the field of gynaecology, obstetrics and reproductive medicine.METHODS/DESIGN: Based on earlier systematic reviews for each of the four clinical problems, studies are considered for inclusion. The first authors of the included studies will be invited to participate and share their original data. After assessment of validity and completeness the acquired datasets are merged. Based on these data, a series of analyses will be performed, including a systematic comparison of the results of the IPD meta-analysis with those of a conventional meta-analysis, development of multivariable models for clinical history alone and for the combination of history, physical examination and relevant diagnostic tests and development of clinical prediction rules for the individual patients. These will be made accessible for clinicians.DISCUSSION: The use of IPD meta-analysis will allow evaluating accuracy of diagnostic tests in relation to other relevant information. Ultimately, this could increase the efficiency of the diagnostic work-up, e.g. by reducing the need for invasive tests and/or improving the accuracy of the diagnostic workup. This study will assess whether these benefits of IPD meta-analysis over conventional meta-analysis can be exploited and will provide a framework for future IPD meta-analyses in diagnostic and prognostic research.
|
['Algorithms', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological', 'Endometrial Neoplasms', 'Fallopian Tube Diseases', 'Female', 'Gynecology', 'Humans', 'Ovary', 'Premature Birth', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Reproductive Medicine', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 19,327,146
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E01.370.378'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.585', 'C13.351.500.852.762.200', 'C13.351.937.418.875.200'], ['C13.351.500.056.390'], ['H02.403.763.750', 'H02.403.810.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['C13.703.420.491.500'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['H02.403.763'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Kribbella antibiotica sp. nov., a novel nocardioform actinomycete strain isolated from soil in Yunnan, China.
|
A novel nocardioform actinomycete strain YIM 31530T was isolated from a soil in Yunnan, China. Based on the results of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic studies and DNA-DNA hybridization results, strain YIM 31530T should be assigned to a new species of the genus Kribbella, for which the name Kribbella antibiotica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 31530T(= CCTCC AA001021T = DSM 15501T). The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is AY082063.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Base Composition', 'Base Sequence', 'Carbohydrates', 'China', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nocardia', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Phylogeny', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 15,046,304
|
[['D12.125'], ['G02.111.080'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D09'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B03.510.024.981.550'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Dose-dependant hypothyroidism in mice induced by commercial trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole rodent feed.
|
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) medication in the feed or water is commonly administered to immunocompro mised mice to prevent the occurrence of Pneumocystis murina (formerly P. carinii) pneumonia. Therapeutic doses of SMX can cause decreased total and free thyroxine (T4) levels in dogs and thyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia in mice, rats, and dogs. Our primary objective was to determine whether SMX at doses present in commercially available rodent TMP-SMX feed would pro duce hypothyroidism in mice. Plasma T4 levels were determined prior to and after placement of Brand A TMP-SMX feed (daily SMX dose, 240 mg/kg), Brand B TMP-SMX feed (daily SMX dose, 2400 mg/kg), and their respective controls (doses calculated for a 25-g mouse according to vendor's information). T4 levels in the mice fed Brand B TMP-SMX feed were significantly decreased by 2 wk after feed placement. Levels of thyroid stimulating hormone in male and female mice given Brand B TMP-SMX feed were significantly elevated compared with those of control groups at 6 wk after feed placement, when only these mice showed evidence of thyroid hypertrophy and hyperplasia. No significant change in T4 levels occurred over the course of 11 wk in mice given the Brand A TMP-SMX chow or either control feed. In light of the significant clinical hypothyroidism that occurred in our mice while receiving Brand B TMP-SMX diet, we recommend SMX levels more similar to that of Brand A to avoid such unwanted effects which could confound research data.
|
['Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Fertility', 'Hypothyroidism', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Rodent Diseases', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyrotropin', 'Thyroxine', 'Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination']
| 17,069,024
|
[['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G08.686.210'], ['C19.874.482'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C22.795'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.812', 'D12.125.072.050.767'], ['D02.065.884.725.867.500', 'D02.092.146.807.867.500', 'D02.886.590.700.725.867.500', 'D03.383.742.906.500', 'D26.310.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis: the University of Puerto Rico experience.
|
OBJECTIVE: To review the experience with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis surgery for ulcerative colitis at the University Hospital.BACKGROUND: As many as 40% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 75% with Crohn's disease (CD) require some surgery for their disease. The number of patients referred to our clinics for evaluation and management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) has risen in the past seven years. A multidisciplinary IBD service has been created at the University Hospital for the care of these patients, leading to a dramatic increase in the number of surgeries performed for IBD. Over the past decade the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) has emerged as the procedure of choice in most patients with ulcerative colitis requiring total colectomy for management of their disease. Even though the procedure is associated with a considerable morbidity rate, it has become very popular since it avoids the need for a permanent stoma and presumably rids the patient of disease and subsequent cancer risk.RESULTS: Twenty-five patients were identified as having IPAA for ulcerative colitis between 1993-2000. Indications for surgery were intractability and toxic megacolon. Complications were pouchitis in 11/25 (44%), anastomotic stricture in 6/25 (24%), small bowel obstruction in 4/25 (16%), and pouch failure in 2/25 (8%). Other complications included wound abscess in 1/25 (4%), and sexual dysfunction in 1/25 (4%) patients. There was no mortality; the patients' quality of life was rated as greatly improved in 14 of 17 patients interviewed (82.4%) and 16 of 17 said they would recommend the surgery to others (94.1%).CONCLUSIONS: The results of IPAA surgery, morbidity, mortality, and patient satisfaction in our series were similar to other centers around the world.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Satisfaction', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Pouchitis', 'Proctocolectomy, Restorative', 'Puerto Rico', 'Quality of Life']
| 11,776,722
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.625', 'F01.145.488.887.625', 'N04.452.822.700', 'N05.300.150.800.625', 'N05.715.360.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['C06.405.205.462.624.500', 'C06.405.469.326.875.500', 'C06.405.469.420.520.500'], ['E04.210.219.620', 'E04.210.895.500'], ['Z01.107.084.900.750', 'Z01.639.880.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of the multichannel intraluminal impedance pH and conventional pH for measuring esophageal acid exposure: a propensity score-matched analysis.
|
BACKGROUND: The modalities for evaluating acid reflux in medical care for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) include conventional pH (C-pH), wireless pH (Bravo®) and multichannel intraluminal impedance pH (MII-pH), which have been reported to vary with respect to the duration of acid reflux. In this study, we examined the difference between the acid reflux in C-pH and MII-pH among patients with GERD.METHODS: Prior to initial laparoscopic fundoplication carried out on 297 cases from December 1994 to April 2016, an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and C-pH or MII-pH were conducted. A propensity score-matched analysis was carried out about five factors including age, sex, BMI, the extent of reflux esophagitis (Los Angeles classification), and the presence of hiatal hernia (HH), ultimately leading to the creation of a C-pH group (81 cases) and MII-pH group (81 cases) as the subjects.RESULTS: Concerning pH < 4 holding time (18.9 vs. 7.3%, p < 0.001), DeMeester score (58.5 vs. 24.4, p < 0.001), and the number of times reflux continued for longer than 5 min (8.8 vs. 4.1 times/day, p = 0.002), the C-pH group had significantly higher values for each, while the positive rate of acid reflux (Positive pH) was significantly higher in the C-pH group (p < 0.001), at 80% in the C-pH group and 42% in the MII-pH group. In terms of the correlation between the extent of reflux esophagitis and pH < 4 holding time, a moderate level of positive correlation was seen in both the C-pH group and MII-pH group (r of each = 0.427, r = 0.408); moreover, regardless of the presence of HH, the holding time was significantly higher in the C-pH group than the MII-pH group (p of each <0.001, p = 0.040).CONCLUSION: While the values of each parameter regarding acid reflux are calculated as lower in MII-pH than in C-pH, there is no difference in the evaluation of the pathology between the two modalities.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Electric Impedance', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Esophageal pH Monitoring', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Hernia, Hiatal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Propensity Score', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 28,523,360
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['E01.370.372.255', 'E01.370.520.215'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['C23.300.707.960.500.467'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.675', 'N05.715.360.750.625.620', 'N06.850.520.830.600.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the retroperitoneum.
|
A case of a primary retroperitoneal mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of ovarian type found at laparotomy in the presence of two normal ovaries is described. Careful examination of the tumor showed no evidence of ovarian tissue in the wall. The appearance of this tumor could be traced from areas of benign mucinous cystadenoma, through a mucinous tumor of borderline malignancy to a highly malignant anaplastic tumor containing only occasional mucicarmine positive cells. In areas, the connective tissue of the neoplasm, resembled ovarian stroma in appearance. At autopsy, the retroperitoneum was free of neoplasm, but widespread metastases, consisting of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma were observed. This neoplasm may have arisen from displaced coelomic epithelium or from a supernumerary ovary.
|
['Cystadenoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Retroperitoneal Neoplasms']
| 854,250
|
[['C04.557.470.035.320', 'C04.557.470.590.485'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.588.033.731']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative histopathology of Longicollum (Acanthocephala: Pomphorhynchidae) infection in the alimentary tract and spleen of Acanthopagrus australis (Pisces: Sparidae).
|
The pomphorhynchid acanthocephalan Longicollum alemniscus infected the rectum of 16 and the intestine of five of 628 Acanthopagrus australis from Moreton Bay, Queensland. The neck and proboscis penetrated the entire gut wall and were surrounded by a layer of compact, rounded fibroblasts inside a layer of elongated fibroblasts and scattered connective tissue fibres. These layers extended across the entire gut wall and into the capsule that enclosed the proboscis outside of the gut. A similar parasite occurred extraintestinally in three fish; the proboscis of one penetrated into the spleen. The spleen was shrunken, with the proboscis and anterior part of the neck enclosed in a capsule of proliferated connective tissue and cellular elements similar to that in the response to infection of the gut wall.
|
['Acanthocephala', 'Animals', 'Fish Diseases', 'Helminthiasis', 'Helminthiasis, Animal', 'Intestines', 'Perciformes', 'Spleen']
| 8,359,988
|
[['B01.050.500.500.132'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.362'], ['C01.610.335'], ['C01.610.335.349', 'C01.610.701.377', 'C22.674.377'], ['A03.556.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Concurrent Case Review and Retrospective Review Using the Matrix Method Are Complementary Methods for Tracking and Improving Timeliness of Care in a Level I Trauma Center.
|
Ensuring timely care for patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic injury has been shown to significantly reduce the rate of injury-related mortality. Using concurrent case review and the matrix method described in the 2014 version of Resources for Optimal Care of the Injured Patient, we sought to reduce direct admissions and undertriage at our institution. We believed this would optimize outcomes for patients who may have been significantly impacted otherwise. Several process improvement initiatives were implemented throughout the study period and we calculated direct admission, overtriage, and undertriage rates bimonthly for evaluation of effectiveness and to intervene, if needed. Direct admission and undertriage rates significantly declined the last six months of our study when compared to baseline (July 2014 to December 2014; 0.80% vs 6.46%, P < 0.001 and 3.72% vs 6.71%, P = 0.002, respectively). In addition, a significant increase was observed in the overtriage rate (64.36% vs 74.20%, P = 0.002).We conclude that when implemented properly, continuous tracking of adherence to triage criteria and retrospective review of fallout cases leads to significant decline in both direct admissions and undertriage, as well as concomitant increase in overtriage.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ohio', 'Patient Admission', 'Quality Improvement', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors', 'Trauma Centers', 'Triage', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 27,097,624
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.512', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.540', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.540'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['J01.293.754', 'N04.761.744'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336.500', 'N02.421.297.195.480', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336.400'], ['N02.421.297.900'], ['C26']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Integrating evidence-based decision making into allied health curricula.
|
An evidence-based approach may decrease variations in practice and time delays in adopting new procedures. This report describes the process for incorporating evidence-based decision making (EBDM) into curricula using active teaching techniques. The process centers on a national four-day Faculty Development Institute (FDI) program for dental hygiene, occupational therapy, and physical therapy faculty. Phase I assesses pre-Institute EBDM knowledge, skills, and teaching strategies. Phase II, onsite, involves learning EBDM principles and teaching skills and developing an educational package. Phase III integrates these into the curriculum, with ongoing follow-up. At baseline, faculty were unfamiliar with EBDM but were incorporating related skills. Formulation of questions and evidence gathering for patient-care decisions were weak. Phase II follow-up showed a significant increase in EBDM knowledge, p < 0.001, and 100% agreed or strongly agreed that they were prepared to integrate EBDM into their courses; 93% felt better prepared to use EBDM. Curricula and educational experiences need to include EBDM skills. The three-phase process can support faculty in making needed changes.
|
['Allied Health Occupations', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Professional', 'Evidence-Based Medicine', 'Faculty', 'Program Development', 'Teaching', 'United States']
| 11,828,582
|
[['H02.010'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358'], ['H02.249.750', 'H02.403.200.400'], ['M01.526.702.250'], ['N04.452.760'], ['I02.903'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The monoclonal antibody 225 activates caspase-8 and induces apoptosis through a tumor necrosis factor receptor family-independent pathway.
|
We previously reported that the anti-epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor monoclonal antibody (mAb) 225 induces DiFi colon cancer cells to undergo apoptosis, and this apoptosis was accompanied by activation of the two apoptosis initiation caspases, caspase-8 and caspase-9. In the current study, we found that pretreatment of DiFi cells with the caspase-8-specific inhibitor z-IETD-fmk but not pretreatment with the caspase-9-specific inhibitor z-LEHD-fmk inhibited mAb 225-induced apoptosis, indicating that caspase-8 plays an essential role in initiating mAb 225-induced apoptosis. Because caspase-8 is activated primarily by the members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas, TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1), or receptors for TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), we investigated whether mAb 225 activated caspase-8 by regulating one or more of these known pathways. Exposure of DiFi cells to TNFalpha or TRAIL activated caspase-8 and induced apoptosis in the cells. A TNFR1-antagonistic mAb or a TRAIL decoy receptor inhibited the activation of caspase-8 and the subsequent apoptosis induced by TNFalpha or TRAIL, respectively, in the cells. However, neither the TNFR1-antagonistic mAb nor the TRAIL decoy receptor inhibited mAb 225-induced activation of caspase-8 and apoptosis in DiFi cells. DiFi cells express detectable level of Fas but are not sensitive to the treatment by the Fas-agonistic mAb CH-11. A Fas-antagonistic mAb (ZB-4) inhibited the Fas-agonistic mAb CH-11-induced caspase-8 activation and apoptosis in Jurkat T-leukemic cells (used as positive control), but had no effect on mAb 225-induced activation of caspase-8 and apoptosis in DiFi cells. Taken together, our results suggest that mAb 225 does not interact with or regulate these known death receptor pathways. An exploration is therefore warranted for a novel mechanism by which mAb 225 activates caspase-8 and triggers apoptosis in DiFi cells.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, CD', 'Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Caspase 8', 'Caspase 9', 'Caspase Inhibitors', 'Caspases', 'Enzyme Activation', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Humans', 'Jurkat Cells', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Mice', 'Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I', 'TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'fas Receptor']
| 11,439,335
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.550.800', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.550.800', 'D12.644.360.024.285.037', 'D12.644.360.075.405.550.800', 'D12.644.360.075.421.037', 'D12.776.157.057.018.037', 'D12.776.476.024.320.025', 'D12.776.476.075.405.550.800', 'D12.776.476.075.421.037'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.550.900', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.550.900', 'D12.644.360.024.131.155', 'D12.644.360.075.358.155', 'D12.644.360.075.405.550.900', 'D12.776.157.057.006.155', 'D12.776.476.024.139.155', 'D12.776.476.075.358.155', 'D12.776.476.075.405.550.900'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.325.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.495', 'A11.251.860.180.495', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.440'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.600', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.396'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.597'], ['D12.644.276.374.750.625', 'D12.776.467.374.750.625', 'D23.529.374.750.625'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D12.776.543.750.690.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.195']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Radiologic assessment of metastases to the thyroid gland.
|
PURPOSE: We reviewed the radiologic and clinical data in patients with metastatic disease to the thyroid gland and assessed the role of radiologic techniques in this disorder.METHOD: The findings on US (n = 11), CT (n = 7), MRI (n = 6), palpation or US-guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, and clinical records were reviewed in 11 cases of pathologically verified metastatic tumors of the thyroid gland.RESULTS: Five patients had palpable thyroid nodules and six had nonpalpable nodules discovered incidentally with imaging procedures. Three patients had no known malignancies at the time of diagnosis of thyroid tumors. Correct diagnosis was obtained in 10 of the 11 cases with FNA biopsy. Thyroid metastases were detected in all of the cases with US and MRI and six of the seven cases with CT. Thyroid metastases were solitary (n = 5) or multiple (n = 6), and about half of them measured <2 cm in diameter. These tumors typically had well defined margins and no calcification and sometimes had cystic portions. Multiple nodules within the same patient were radiologically quite similar to each other. On US, metastases appeared as hypoechoic or markedly hypoechoic areas without halo, on CT as low density areas, and on MRI as areas of varying signal intensities. Half of the metastases showed hypointensity on either T2-weighted images or gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images. The tumors involved lymph nodes in 10 cases and other remote organs in 5. Level I or II or parotid nodes were involved in six cases.CONCLUSION: These radiologic features may alert clinicians to a possibility of metastatic thyroid cancer. US combined with US-guided FNA biopsy is suitable for early diagnosis of metastases to the thyroid gland.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography']
| 10,966,183
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A06.300.900'], ['C04.588.322.894', 'C04.588.443.915', 'C19.344.894', 'C19.874.788'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Clerkship in general practice--organized for learning?].
|
BACKGROUND: Clerkship in general practice has been considered removed from the fifth year at the University of Oslo for economical reasons. During the autumn 2007, we evaluated the clerkship after the implementation of a new feedback tool, StudPEP. This study presents how the clerkship was organized for learning based on pedagogical advice for effective learning.MATERIAL AND METHODS: 79 of 81 students completed a questionnaire regarding the clerkship. After five independent tutor-observed consultations, the students recorded their patients' diagnosis, age and gender, in a total of 363 consultations.RESULTS: The students received eight patients per day on average during their last week of clerkship. On average, they had their own office during 64 % of their clerkship, but 19 % had their own office in less than a third of the time. The tutor observed 42 % of the students during more than six consultations in addition to the five compulsory ones, but 23 % of the students were only observed during the five compulsory sessions. The students were generally content with the feedback from their tutor, but 20 % gave critical answers. The students recorded 167 different diagnoses from all the chapters in the International Classification of Primary Care.INTERPRETATION: The clerkship is well organized for learning medicine in general practice. There is a potential for quality improvement and this article presents suggestions from educational literature.
|
['Clinical Clerkship', 'Clinical Competence', 'Family Practice', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Norway', 'Preceptorship', 'Program Evaluation', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Teaching']
| 19,096,467
|
[['I02.358.105'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['I02.358.968'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Training on selected self-management techniques and the generalization and maintenance of interpersonal skills for registered nurse students.
|
This study examined the effects of training on selected self-management procedures (post-workshop practice, self-monitoring, self-assessment, and self-reinforcement) on the generalization and maintenance of interpersonal skills with a group of registered nurse students. The findings indicate that those self-management procedures enabled the student nurses to maintain a positive attitude toward the use of interpersonal skills in their work and maintain their skill level over a period of time significantly better than a control group who received interpersonal skills training only. No significant differences were observed between the two groups as to their ability to maintain their knowledge of the concepts taught during training or their ability to generalize their skills to the hospital ward immediately following training.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate', 'Empathy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Self-Assessment', 'Students, Nursing']
| 3,035,125
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.358.462.316'], ['F01.752.355', 'F01.752.543.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['M01.848.769.685']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antioxidants improve impaired insulin-mediated glucose uptake and prevent migration and proliferation of cultured rabbit coronary smooth muscle cells induced by high glucose.
|
BACKGROUND: To explore the role of intracellular oxidative stress in high glucose-induced atherogenesis, we examined the effect of probucol and/or alpha-tocopherol on the migration and growth characteristics of cultured rabbit coronary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).METHODS AND RESULTS: Chronic high-glucose-medium (22. 2 mmol/L) treatment increased platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-mediated VSMC migration, [3H]thymidine incorporation, and cell number compared with VSMCs treated with normal-glucose medium (5.6 mmol/L+16.6 mmol/L mannose). Probucol and alpha-tocopherol significantly suppressed high glucose-induced increase in VSMC migration, cell number, and [3H]thymidine incorporation. Probucol and alpha-tocopherol suppressed high glucose-induced elevation of the cytosolic ratio of NADH/NAD+, phospholipase D, and membrane-bound protein kinase C activation. Probucol, alpha-tocopherol, and calphostin C improved the high glucose-induced suppression of insulin-mediated [3H]deoxyglucose uptake. Chronic high-glucose treatment increased the oxidative stress, which was significantly suppressed by probucol, alpha-tocopherol, suramin, and calphostin C.CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that probucol and alpha-tocopherol may suppress high glucose-induced VSMC migration and proliferation via suppression of increases in the cytosolic ratio of free NADH/NAD+, phospholipase D, and protein kinase C activation induced by high glucose, which result in reduction in intracellular oxidative stress.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Becaplermin', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fructose', 'Glucose', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'NAD', 'Naphthalenes', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phospholipase D', 'Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Probucol', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis', 'Rabbits', 'Suramin', 'Vitamin E']
| 10,077,523
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D12.644.276.910.650.500', 'D12.776.260.690.500', 'D12.776.467.910.650.500', 'D23.529.910.650.500'], ['G03.143.310'], ['G04.144'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A11.251'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D09.947.875.359.250', 'D09.947.875.465.354'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638', 'D04.615.638'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.710'], ['D12.644.276.910', 'D12.776.124.625', 'D12.776.467.910', 'D23.529.910'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.746'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D12.644.276.910.650', 'D12.776.124.625.650', 'D12.776.260.690', 'D12.776.467.910.650', 'D12.776.624.664.700.195', 'D23.529.910.650'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.750', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.750', 'D04.615.638.555.750'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Early communication development in children with Rett syndrome.
|
This retrospective pilot study investigated the course of pre-linguistic and linguistic communication development in children with Rett syndrome (RS) from birth to 24 months of age. Parents of 17 children with RS completed a questionnaire based on the Clinical Linguistic Auditory Milestone Scale. No child exceeded single word use and most children had begun to regress. Pre-regression delay was in evidence along with limited intentional gestural communication as a precursor to single word use. Limited use of communicative gestures is suggested as a possible early predictor of RS pending further investigation.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Communication', 'Gestures', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Language Development', 'Pilot Projects', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rett Syndrome', 'Speech']
| 8,891,232
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F01.145.209.530.538.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.525.200.310'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C10.597.606.360.455.937', 'C16.320.322.500.937', 'C16.320.400.525.937'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid on the serum lipid peroxide level in elderly people.
|
The aim of this work was to study the relationship between the state of saturation of the organism with vitamin E and vitamin C and the serum level of lipid peroxides in elderly people. The determinations were carried out in 100 subjects, mainly women, aged 60-100 years living in old people's homes, who were given daily vitamin E, 200 mg, or vitamin C, 400 mg, or both vitamins during 1 year. A correlation was found between the degree of saturation of the organism with vitamin E and the level of lipid peroxides. The daily intake of vitamin E for 4 months decreased the serum peroxide level by a mean value of 14%; a similar intake of vitamin C decreased it by 8%, and both vitamins decreased it by 20% compared with the initial level. After 1 year, these levels were decreased by 26% (vitamin E), 13% (vitamin C) and 25% (both vitamins).
|
['Aged', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lipid Peroxides', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Time Factors', 'Vitamin E']
| 6,732,187
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.637', 'D01.339.431.374.637', 'D01.650.550.750.600', 'D02.389.338.450', 'D10.440'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D03.383.663.283.909', 'D03.633.100.150.909']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pest control by the release of insects carrying a female-killing allele on multiple loci.
|
With recent advances in genetics, many new strategies for pest control have become feasible. This is the second article in which we model new techniques for pest control based on the mass release of genetically modified insects. In this article we model the release of insects carrying a dominant and redundant female killing or sterilizing (FK) allele on multiple genetic loci. If such insects are released into a target population, the FK allele can become widely spread in the population through the males while reducing the population each generation by killing females. We allow the number of loci used to vary from 1 to 20. We also allow the FK allele to carry a fitness cost in males due to the gene insertions. Using a model, we explore the effectiveness and optimal strategies for such releases. In the most ideal circumstances (no density-dependence and released insects equal in fitness to wild ones), FK releases are several orders of magnitude more effective than equal sized sterile male releases. For example, a single release of 19 FK-bearing males for every two wild males, with the released males carrying the FK allele on 10 loci, reduces the target population to 0.002% of no-release size. An equal sized sterile release reduces the target population to 5% of no-release size. We also show how the effectiveness of the technique decreases as the fitness cost of the FK alleles in males increases. For example, the above mentioned release reduces the target population to 0.7% of no-release size if each FK allele carries a fitness cost in males of 5%. Adding a simple model for density-dependence and assuming that each of the released males carries the FK allele on six loci, we show that the release size necessary to reduce the target population to 1/100 of no-release size in 10 generations of releases varies from 0.44:1 to 4:1 (depending on parameter values). We also calculate the optimal number of loci on which to put the FK allele under various circumstances.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genes, Lethal', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Insect Control', 'Insecta', 'Male', 'Pest Control, Biological', 'Population Density', 'Sterilization, Reproductive']
| 11,142,283
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.350'], ['E05.393.420'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.425'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.650'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['E02.875.194.910', 'E04.950.599']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Comparative analysis of clinical and laboratory methods for diagnosing streptococcal sore throat].
|
OBJECTIVES: Diagnosis and correct treatment of group A streptococcal sore throat is important particularly to prevent non-suppurative sequelae. Clinical findings continue to be used to differentiate streptococcal infection from viral sore throat. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that streptococcal sore throat diagnosis should always be performed by microbiological identification methods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of clinical diagnosis in comparison with culture and rapid test.METHODS: Children aged 2 to 13 years who had received a clinical diagnosis of sore throat and sought treatment at the pediatric emergency unit of S?o Paulo Santa Casa were evaluated and those with clinical signs or viral infection were excluded. Clinical findings were recorded and swabs were taken for group A Streptococcus cultures and a Streptococcus rapid test.RESULTS: The culture was positive in 96 (24.4%) of the 376 children evaluated. The presence of petechiae, purulent exudate and painful tonsils were more likely to occur in children with positive streptococcus cultures, however they exhibited low diagnostic accuracy. The doctors' subjective evaluation failed to identify 21% of positive cases and antibiotics were prescribed in 47% of negative cases, compared with 3 and 6%, respectively, for the rapid test.CONCLUSIONS: A microbiologic method is necessary for the correct prescription of antibiotics in children with streptococcal sore throat.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Likelihood Functions', 'Male', 'Pharyngitis', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prospective Studies', 'Reagent Kits, Diagnostic', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Streptococcal Infections', 'Streptococcus pyogenes', 'Tonsillitis']
| 15,742,082
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.475', 'E05.318.740.600.400', 'E05.599.835.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.450', 'N05.715.360.750.625.450', 'N06.850.520.830.500.475', 'N06.850.520.830.600.400'], ['C01.748.561', 'C07.550.781', 'C08.730.561', 'C09.775.649'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D27.505.259.875', 'D27.720.470.410.680', 'E07.720'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C01.150.252.410.890'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.575', 'B03.510.400.800.872.575', 'B03.510.550.737.872.575'], ['C01.748.561.750', 'C07.550.781.750', 'C08.730.561.750', 'C09.775.649.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Correlation of clinical data with fallopian tube specimen immune cells and tissue culture capacity.
|
Human fallopian tube fimbria secretory epithelial cells (hFTSECs) are considered an origin of ovarian cancer and methods for their culture from fallopian tube specimens have been reported. Our objective was to determine whether characteristics of the donors or surgeries were associated with the capacities of fimbria specimens to generate hFTSEC cultures or their immune profiles. There were no surgical complications attributable to fallopian tube removal. Attempts to establish primary hFTSEC cultures were successful in 37 of 55 specimens (67%). Success rates did not differ significantly between specimens grouped by patient or surgery characteristics. Established cultures could be revived after cryopreservation and none became contaminated with microorganisms. Two cultures evaluated for long term growth senesced between passages 10 and 15. M1 macrophages were the predominant cell type, while all other immune cells were present at much lower percentages. IL-10 and TGF-â exhibited opposing trends with M1 and M2 macrophages. Plasma IL-10 levels exhibited significant positive correlation with patient age. In conclusion, fallopian tube fimbria specimens exhibit a pro-inflammatory phenotype and can be used to provide a source of hFTSECs that can be cultured for a limited time regardless of the donor patient age or race, or the type of surgery performed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Fallopian Tubes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Salpingectomy', 'Specimen Handling']
| 29,857,829
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.295', 'C04.588.322.455.199', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705.350', 'C13.351.937.418.685.350', 'C19.344.410.199', 'C19.391.630.705.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.436'], ['A05.360.319.114.373', 'A13.706.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.470'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['E04.950.300.715'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Tissue polypeptide antigen in gynecological cancer].
|
Serum tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), CEA and IAP were measured simultaneously in cervical cancer, corpus cancer and ovarian cancer. TPA levels were increased (more than 110 U/1) in 39% (32/82) of the cervical cancer and in 46% (6/12) of the corpus cancer patients, respectively. In ovarian cancer, TPA levels were elevated (146 U/1 or higher) in 64% (13/22). The positive rate of CEA was somewhat lower than that of TPA and LAP levels were as high as TPA. Moreover, TPA levels were correlated in clinical course. In immunohistochemical examination, TPA was present in cancer cells and absent in normal tissue.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Phorbols', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 3,981,803
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D02.455.849.291.500'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Involvement of the Ca(2+)-dependent phosphorylation of a 20 kDa protein in the proliferative effect of high-density lipoproteins (subclass 3) on the adenocarcinoma cell line A549.
|
Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that high-density lipoproteins (subclass 3; HDL3) bind to sites specific for apolipoprotein AI on the human adenocarcinoma cell line A549 and that HDL3 binding promotes a mitogenic effect [Favre, Tazi, Le Gaillard, Bennis, Hachem and Soula (1993) J. Lipid Res. 34, 1093-1106]. In the present study, we have examined the cell proteins that showed modified phosphorylation after binding of HDL3 to specific sites, and the roles of Ca2+ and protein kinase C. Native HDL3 (but not tetranitromethane-modified HDL3) and Ca2+ ionophore A23187 strongly enhanced the phosphorylation of a 20 kDa protein (x 3.6) and, to a lower extent, the phosphorylation of 24 and 28 kDa proteins (x 2.2 and 2.6 respectively). The two effectors were equally able to stimulate cell growth. Down-regulation of protein kinase C by a 24 h incubation of cells with phorbol myristate acetate prevented the effects of HDL3 on the phosphorylation of 24 and 28 kDa proteins. However, the extent of phosphorylation of the 20 kDa protein was not affected. In contrast, activation of protein kinase C by a short incubation with phorbol myristate acetate resulted in inhibition of proliferation and an increase in 24 and 28 kDa (but not 20 kDa) protein phosphorylation. These results suggest that HDL3 putative receptors exert their proliferative effect on A549 cells through activation of a Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase. This kinase activity is not modulated by phorbol ester and thus may be a calmodulin kinase or an isoenzyme of protein kinase C that is independent of phorbol ester. It allows a subsequent 20 kDa protein to be phosphorylated.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Calcimycin', 'Calcium', 'Cell Division', 'Down-Regulation', 'Humans', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Phosphorylation', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Proteins', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 7,733,897
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['D12.776'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Injury control. What psychologists can contribute.
|
Psychologists are inadequately represented in the injury control field, despite the size of the problem and the importance of behavioral factors in injury. Using motor vehicle injuries as an example, this article discusses modern injury control principles and the role psychologists can play in injury reduction.
|
['Accident Prevention', 'Accidents, Traffic', 'Health Behavior', 'Humans', 'Safety', 'United States', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 1,510,332
|
[['N06.850.135.060'], ['N06.850.135.392'], ['F01.145.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['C26']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Faisability of foetal monitoring in prehospital care].
|
The use of mobile monitoring system for foetal cardiotachometry has never been evaluated in the prehospital care. The aim of the survey was to evaluate the faisability of this device. Twenty-five patients were enrolled, mostly within the context of interhospital transfer because of threatening premature delivery (n = 20). Foetal monitoring was effective for 64 % of the patients during initial physical examination and for 52 % during transport by ambulance. Prehospital treatment was improved in one case of eclampsia after on-scene fetal monitoring. Cardiotocography can be easily performed in the prehospital setting.
|
['Adult', 'Eclampsia', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Fetal Monitoring', 'Heart Rate, Fetal', 'Humans', 'Obstetric Labor, Premature', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies', 'Transportation of Patients']
| 15,949,913
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C13.703.395.124'], ['N02.421.297'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['E01.370.378.230', 'E01.370.520.230'], ['G09.330.380.500.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C13.703.420.491'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E02.365.839', 'N02.421.297.879']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anti-metallothionein IgG and levels of metallothionein in autistic families.
|
Metallothioneins (MTs) are a family of small proteins containing 61-68 amino acids with an unusually high concentration of cysteine. MT-1, the most functional and active MT in humans, has the ability to react with and enhance the detoxification of a number of metals including zinc, mercury, copper and cadmium. MT dysfunction may result, then, in many of the aetiological syndromes observed in autistic children, such as the leaky gut. It has been proposed that allergic autoimmune reactions occurring after exposure to heavy metals, may contribute to some symptoms associated with autism. Therefore abnormalities in MT concentration and/or structure, as well as the presence of anti-MT antibodies, may be associated with autism. We used direct ELISAs to quantitate the concentration of serum anti-metallothionein IgG in 66 individuals (parents and children) from 14 families with autistic children, as well as 11 controls from families with no history of autism. We measured the concentration of serum metallothionein in 39 of the above family members from 8 families. Our results indicate that a significantly high number (23 of 66) of autistic family members had high levels of anti-metallothionein IgG, when compared to controls (1 ) and the production of these antibodies correlated with levels of metallothionein, suggesting that the production of these antibodies is inherited. However, the presence of these antibodies does not correlate with autism, types of autism, including regression, or demographics such as allergies, respiratory problems or GI disease. This suggests that the presence of anti-metallothionein antibodies is not causative to autism and may be the result of other immunological pathology seen in many autistics.
|
['Autistic Disorder', 'Autoantibodies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Family', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Metallothionein']
| 18,365,350
|
[['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.556.670']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Androgens regulate prostate cancer cell growth via an AMPK-PGC-1á-mediated metabolic switch.
|
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy among men in industrialized countries, accounting for the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although we now know that the androgen receptor (AR) is important for progression to the deadly advanced stages of the disease, it is poorly understood what AR-regulated processes drive this pathology. Here we demonstrate that AR regulates prostate cancer cell growth via the metabolic sensor 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a kinase that classically regulates cellular energy homeostasis. In patients, activation of AMPK correlated with prostate cancer progression. Using a combination of radiolabeled assays and emerging metabolomic approaches, we also show that prostate cancer cells respond to androgen treatment by increasing not only rates of glycolysis, as is commonly seen in many cancers, but also glucose and fatty acid oxidation. Importantly, this effect was dependent on androgen-mediated AMPK activity. Our results further indicate that the AMPK-mediated metabolic changes increased intracellular ATP levels and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1á)-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis, affording distinct growth advantages to the prostate cancer cells. Correspondingly, we used outlier analysis to determine that PGC-1á is overexpressed in a subpopulation of clinical cancer samples. This was in contrast to what was observed in immortalized benign human prostate cells and a testosterone-induced rat model of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Taken together, our findings converge to demonstrate that androgens can co-opt the AMPK-PGC-1á signaling cascade, a known homeostatic mechanism, to increase prostate cancer cell growth. The current study points to the potential utility of developing metabolic-targeted therapies directed toward the AMPK-PGC-1á signaling axis for the treatment of prostate cancer.
|
['AMP-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Androgens', 'Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Glycolysis', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Metribolone', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Mitochondria', 'Oxidative Phosphorylation', 'Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'RNA Interference', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptors, Androgen', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factors']
| 24,186,207
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.085', 'D12.644.360.062', 'D12.776.476.062'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.550'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['G02.111.665.550', 'G03.295.631', 'G03.796.550'], ['D12.644.360.024.314.650', 'D12.776.157.057.080.650', 'D12.776.157.725.813.875', 'D12.776.476.024.394.650', 'D12.776.660.675.650', 'D12.776.664.962.813.875', 'D12.776.930.617.650'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.826.750.150'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Aptamer Internalization via Endocytosis Inducing S-Phase Arrest and Priming Maver-1 Lymphoma Cells for Cytarabine Chemotherapy.
|
The goal of precision therapy is to efficiently treat cancer without side effects. Aptamers are a class of small ligands composed of single-stranded oligonucleotides that bind to their targets with high affinity and specificity. In this study, we identified an ssDNA aptamer specifically targeting Maver-1 lymphoma cells with high binding affinity (Kd = 70±8 pmol/L). Interestingly, cellular cycle studies revealed that exposure of Maver-1 cells to synthetic aptamers triggered S-phase arrest of 40% of the cells (vs. 18% baseline). Confocal microscopy confirmed specific cell binding of aptamers and the resultant endocytosis into Maver-1 cells. Subsequent functional assays validated the fact that aptamer internalization into targeted cells is a prerequisite for Maver-1 cell growth inhibition. Importantly, aptamer-induced S-phase arrest induced enhanced chemotherapeutic results involving cytarabine, which primarily kills lymphoma cells at S-phase. Combination treatments revealed that aptamer re-exposure considerably primed Maver-1 cells for cytarabine chemotherapy, thus achieving a synergistic killing effect by reaching cell death rates as high as 61% (vs. 13% or 14% induced by aptamer or cytarabine treatment alone). These findings demonstrated that aptamers do not only act as molecular ligands but can also function as biotherapeutic agents by inducing S-phase arrest of lymphoma cells. In addition, logical combination of aptamer and cytarabine treatments ushers the way to a unique approach in precision lymphoma chemotherapy.
|
['Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic', 'Aptamers, Nucleotide', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cytarabine', 'Endocytosis', 'Humans']
| 28,435,459
|
[['D27.505.519.186.144', 'D27.505.954.248.144', 'D27.888.569.042.030'], ['D13.695.578.424.224'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D03.383.742.680.245.453', 'D13.570.065.300', 'D13.570.685.245.453'], ['G04.417'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genomes in bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila).
|
In this study, the first complete mitogenome of Andrenidae, namely Andrena camellia, is newly sequenced. It includes 13 protein-coding (PCG) genes, 22 transfer RNA (rRNA) genes, two ribosomal RNA (tRNA) genes, and a control region. Among PCGs, high conservation is observed in cytochrome oxidase genes with cox1 exhibits the highest conservation. Conversely, NADH dehydrogenase and ATPase subunit genes are more variable with atp8 presents the maximal variation. Comparison of the gene order indicates complex rearrangement in bees. Most of the rearranged events are located in the tRNA clusters of trnI-trnQ-trnM, trnW-trnC-trnY, and trnA-trnR-trnN-trnS1-trnE-trnF. Furthermore, we present the most comprehensive mitochondrial phylogeny of bee families. The monophyly of each family and the long-tongued bees is highly supported. However, short-tongued bees are inferred as paraphyletic relative to the sister relationship between Melittidae and other bee families. Furthermore, to improve the resolution of phylogeny, various datasets and analytical approaches are performed. It is indicated that datasets including third codons of PCGs facilitate to produce identical topology and higher nodal support. The tRNA genes that have typical cloverleaf secondary structures also exhibit similar positive effects. However, rRNAs present poor sequence alignment and distinct substitution saturation, which result in negative effects on both tree topology and nodal support. In addition, Gblocks treatment can increase the congruence of topologies, but has opposite effects on nodal support between the two inference methods of maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference.
|
['Animals', 'Bees', 'Genome, Mitochondrial', 'Models, Genetic', 'Phylogeny', 'Sequence Analysis']
| 30,092,091
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['G05.360.340.360'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['E05.393.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lentivirus-transduced human monocyte-derived dendritic cells efficiently stimulate antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
|
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells that are highly effective adjuvants for immunizing against pathogens and tumor antigens. The potential merit of genetic approaches to loading DCs with antigens is to express high and sustained levels of proteins that can be subsequently processed and presented to T lymphocytes. Replication-defective oncoretroviruses are able to efficiently transduce CD34(+) progenitor-derived DCs but not monocyte-derived DCs. Here, it is shown that efficient gene transfer is obtained using a human immunodeficiency virus-1-derived lentiviral vector deleted of all structural and accessory genes. Infection of immature DCs with the lentiviral vector at a multiplicity of infection of 20 resulted in stable gene expression in 30% to 40% of the matured DCs. Proviral DNA was detectable by Alu polymerase chain reaction for the lentiviral but not the oncoretroviral vector. Most importantly, it is demonstrated that lentivirus-transduced DCs were fully functional and effectively activated autologous HLA A2.1(+) peripheral blood cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). DCs expressing lentiviral vector-encoded Flu peptide were at least as efficient as DCs pulsed with the same peptide in stimulating specific CTLs. The efficacy of the lentivirus-transduced DCs was further demonstrated by their ability to directly activate freshly harvested peripheral blood Flu-specific CTLs in the absence of CD4(+) T-cell help and exogenous cytokines. The availability of a stable gene delivery system based on a multiply attenuated lentivirus that does not encode any viral protein and that allows sustained antigen presentation by DCs derived from blood monocytes will be very useful for the biologic investigation of DCs and the improvement of immunotherapeutic strategies involving DCs.
|
['CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic', 'DNA, Viral', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Epitopes', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Lentivirus', 'Monocytes', 'Peptide Fragments', 'T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic', 'Transduction, Genetic', 'Viral Matrix Proteins']
| 11,133,750
|
[['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['G04.152'], ['E01.370.225.812.160', 'E05.200.812.160', 'E05.478.594.160', 'E05.940.245'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['D23.050.550'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.820.650.589'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.644.541'], ['A11.118.637.555.283.875', 'A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.283.875', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.283.875', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.200'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850'], ['D12.776.964.970.880.940']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Analysis of causes of death in patients hospitalized in the department of pneumonology].
|
UNLABELLED: The number of deaths (188 in total; 102 male, 86 female) noted in the Department of Pneumonology, Medical University of Warsaw in 2010 was the highest in the University Hospital. The mortality rate was 4.7% and this ranked us fifth in our hospital. The aim of the study was to analyze the causes of death and the incidence of comorbidities known to influence the overall mortality in the hospital setting.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data of 188 patients who had died in our Department in 2010.RESULTS: The three leading causes of death in our patients were: respiratory diseases (pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), neoplasmas and cardiovascular diseases (cardiac failure)--35.1, 33.5 and 20.2%, respectively. The mean age of the deceased patients was 77.1 yrs. A high degree of disease severity and a notable comorbidity was noted.CONCLUSIONS: The analysis confirmed that the main factors responsible for the deaths at the hospital are: advanced patient age, severity of underlying disease and comorbidity. The most common cause of death was pneumonia, cancer and heart failure.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Cause of Death', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poland', 'Pulmonary Medicine', 'Respiratory Tract Diseases', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Rate']
| 22,708,277
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.542.248.679'], ['H02.403.429.675'], ['C08'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics associated with the glass transition of amorphous trehalose-water mixtures.
|
The glass transition temperature Tg of biopreservative formulations is important for predicting the long-term storage of biological specimens. As a complementary tool to thermal analysis techniques, which are the mainstay for determining Tg, molecular dynamics simulations have been successfully applied to predict the Tg of several protectants and their mixtures with water. These molecular analyses, however, rarely focused on the glass transition behavior of aqueous trehalose solutions, a subject that has attracted wide scientific attention via experimental approaches. Important behavior, such as hydrogen-bonding dynamics and self-aggregation has yet to be explored in detail, particularly below, or in the vicinity of, Tg. Using molecular dynamics simulations of several dynamic and thermodynamic properties, this study reproduced the supplemented phase diagram of trehalose-water mixtures (i.e., Tg as a function of the solution composition) based on experimental data. The structure and dynamics of the hydrogen-bonding network in the trehalose-water systems were also analyzed. The hydrogen-bonding lifetime was determined to be an order of magnitude higher in the glassy state than in the liquid state, while the constitution of the hydrogen-bonding network exhibited no noticeable change through the glass transition. It was also found that trehalose molecules preferred to form small, scattered clusters above Tg, but self-aggregation was substantially increased below Tg. The average cluster size in the glassy state was observed to be dependent on the trehalose concentration. Our findings provided insights into the glass transition characteristics of aqueous trehalose solutions as they relate to biopreservation.
|
['Glass', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Thermodynamics', 'Trehalose', 'Water']
| 24,803,351
|
[['J01.637.437'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['G01.906'], ['D09.698.365.900', 'D09.698.629.305.880', 'D09.947.750.880'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Too many simple clerical scoring errors: the Rey Figure as an example.
|
The clerical errors from 325 scored Rey Figure drawings were tabulated using the procedures outlined in the Boston Qualitative Scoring System manual. The error types investigated were avoidable quantitative scoring errors (e.g., addition, using conversion tables, and plotting scores). The three scorers made errors on 18.3%, 22.4%, and 24.7% of the Rey Figures they scored.
|
['Diagnostic Errors', 'Humans', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Observer Variation', 'Professional Competence', 'Psychology']
| 10,775,049
|
[['E01.354', 'N02.421.450.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['I02.399.630'], ['F04.096.628']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Peculiarities of H3-muscimol binding to neocortex membranes of rats exposed to the effects of ethanol in the prenatal period].
|
White rats were subjected to ethanol exposure during 5-20 days of pregnancy. 3H-muscimol binding with synaptosomal neocortex membranes yielded from two month age offsprings was studied. 3H-muscimol binding level for experimental animals was 27% more than for control ones. Possible ways of GABAergic system malformation are discussed.
|
['Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Ethanol', 'Female', 'Male', 'Muscimol', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Rats', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Synaptosomes']
| 2,847,833
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D03.383.129.462.470', 'D23.946.587.587'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['A11.284.835.859']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Genetic analysis of the larval secretion gene Sgs-4 and its regulatory chromosome sites in Drosophila melanogaster.
|
Larval salivary gland secretion from seven wild-type stocks of Drosophila melanogaster was electrophoretically analyzed. Considerable variability occurs in the X-chromosomally coded secretion protein 4, both qualitatively, as expressed by differences in electrophoretic mobilities, and quantitatively as seen by its relative amount in the secretion. Drosophila stocks with "normal" amounts of protein 4 show approximately 80-90% dosage compensation in the males, whereas in two stocks with lower amounts of protein 4 there is no indication of dosage compensation. Genetic analysis showed that the properties of secretion protein 4 and the level of expression of the Sgs-4 gene are controlled by the X-chromosome. Recombination experiments indicate that the stock-specific characteristics of protein 4 are properties of the structural gene Sgs-4 itself or of a chromosome region immediately adjacent to Sgs-4. One recombinant (R+79), manifesting an intermediate level of dosage compensation, indicates that a chromosome segment closely distal to Sg-4 is responsible for the regulation of the gene and for dosage compensation in particular. Accordingly, Sgs-4 must be transcribed from distal to proximal. Its position on the genetic map is 3.6. Two stocks, Hikone-R and Kochi-R, which were originally described as 0-mutants produce very low amounts of a specific secretion protein, 4 h, as revealed by a transvection effect and also by fluorography of overloaded gels.
|
['Animals', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Female', 'Genes', 'Genetic Variation', 'Larva', 'Male', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides']
| 6,799,262
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.393.183'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['G05.365'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
p.His165Pro: a novel SOX9 missense mutation of campomelic dysplasia.
|
Campomelic dysplasia (CD) is a rare skeletal dysplasia caused by mutation in the SOX9 gene located on chromosome 17q24.3-q25.1, which regulates testis and chondrocyte development. Severe bowing of the long bones was seen at second-trimester scan. DNA analysis demonstrated a previously unreported de novo missense mutation in p.His165Pro. Ultrasound-based, molecular biology diagnosis led to early therapeutic termination of pregnancy. Histologic examination of the femoral epyphyseal growth plate confirmed scanty proliferation zone and maturation zone with degenerated chondrocytes.
|
['Abortion, Eugenic', 'Adult', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Campomelic Dysplasia', 'Chorionic Villi Sampling', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'SOX9 Transcription Factor', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 23,551,858
|
[['E04.520.050.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['C05.660.142', 'C16.131.621.142'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.149', 'E01.370.225.998.054.149', 'E01.370.378.630.150', 'E01.370.388.100.150', 'E04.074.149', 'E05.200.500.384.100.149', 'E05.200.998.054.149', 'E05.242.384.100.149'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['D12.776.260.719.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.400.750.500.500', 'D12.776.664.235.400.750.500.500', 'D12.776.930.823.500.500'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Unique Phase Transition of Exogenous Fusion Elastin-like Polypeptides in the Solution Containing Polyethylene Glycol.
|
Elastin-Like polypeptides (ELPs), as well-known temperature-controlled bio-macromolecules, are widely used. However, little is known about the interactions between ELPs and macromolecules, which is an important yet neglected problem. Here, the phase transition characteristics of an ELPs-SpyCatcher fusion protein (E-C) in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) in single salts (Na2CO3, Na2SO4, NaCl) solutions were investigated using a UV spectrophotometer, DLC, and fluorescence spectroscopy, and we got some interesting results. The phases transition of E-C occurred at a concentration lower than 0.5 mol/L Na2CO3/PEG2000, while in single Na2CO3 (<0.5 mol/L), the phase transition of E-C did not occur. In the Na2CO3/PEG solution, we observed a unique two-step phase transition of E-C when the Na2CO3 concentration was 0.5 mol/L and PEG2000 concentration was less than 0.15 g/mL, respectively. In the Na2CO3/PEG2000 solution, the phase-transition temperature of E-C decreased with the increase of PEG concentration, but increased in the Na2SO4/PEG2000 solution, while it remained unchanged in the NaCl/PEG2000 solution. However, the phase-transition temperature of the linear ELPs40 decreased under the same salts/PEG2000 solutions. We also addressed the possible molecular mechanism of the interesting results. In contrast to the current well-understood salts-ELPs interactions, this work provides some new insights into the interaction between the PEG-salts-ELPs in solution.
|
['Elastin', 'Peptides', 'Phase Transition', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Transition Temperature']
| 31,330,842
|
[['D05.750.078.421', 'D12.776.860.300.350'], ['D12.644'], ['G01.645', 'G02.734'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['G01.906.595.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Script differences and masked translation priming: Evidence from Hindi-English bilinguals.
|
This study reports on two experiments investigating the effects of script differences on masked translation priming in highly proficient early Hindi-English bilinguals. In Experiment 1 (the cross-script experiment), L1 Hindi was presented in the standard Devanagari script, while L2 English was presented in the Roman alphabet. In Experiment 2 (the same-script experiment), both L1 Hindi and L2 English were presented in the Roman alphabet. Both experiments revealed translation priming in the L1-L2 direction. However, L2-L1 priming was obtained in the same-script experiment, but not in the cross-script experiment. These findings are discussed in relation to the orthographic cue hypothesis as well as hypotheses that hold that script differences influence the distance between the L1 and L2 in lexical space and/or cross-language lateral inhibition. We also provide alternative accounts for these results in terms of how orthographic cues provided by L1 targets might lead to the discontinuation or disruption of processing for L2 primes.
|
['Association Learning', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Multilingualism', 'Reaction Time', 'Repetition Priming', 'Semantics', 'Translations', 'Vocabulary']
| 30,362,410
|
[['F02.463.425.069.296'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.559.423.452'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.425.540.739'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['L01.178.682.920'], ['L01.559.598.901']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intersection between the regulators of sister chromatid cohesion establishment and maintenance in budding yeast indicates a multi-step mechanism.
|
Sister chromatid cohesion is established during S phase and maintained until anaphase. The cohesin complex (Mcd1p/Scc1p, Smc1p, Smc3p Irr1p/Scc3p in budding yeast) serves a structural role as it is required at all times when cohesion exists. Pds5p colocalizes temporally and spatially with cohesin on chromosomes but is thought to serve as a regulator of cohesion maintenance during mitosis. In contrast, Ctf7p/Eco1p is required during S phase for establishment but is not required during mitosis. Here we provide genetic and biochemical evidence that the pathways of cohesion establishment and maintenance are intimately linked. Our results show that mutants in ctf7 and pds5 are synthetically lethal. Moreover, over-expression of either CTF7 or PDS5 exhibits reciprocal suppression of the other mutant's temperature sensitivity. The suppression by CTF7 is specific for pds5 mutants as CTF7 over-expression increases the temperature sensitivity of an mcd1 mutant but has no effect on smc1 or smc3 mutants. Three additional findings provide new insights into the process of cohesion establishment. First, over-expression of ctf7 alleles deficient in acetylase activity exhibit significantly reduced suppression of the pds5 mutant but exacerbated toxicity to the mcd1 mutant. Second, using chromosome spreads and chromatin immuno-precipitation, we find either cohesin complex or Pds5p chromosomal localization is altered in ctf7 mutants. Finally, biochemical analysis reveals that Ctf7p and Pds5p coimmunoprecipitate, which physically links these regulators of cohesion establishment and maintenance. We propose a model whereby Ctf7p and Pds5p cooperate to facilitate efficient establishment by mediating changes in cohesin complex on chromosomes after its deposition.
|
['Alleles', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans', 'Chromatin', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Chromosome Segregation', 'Chromosomes', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Mutation', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Phosphoproteins', 'S Phase', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Temperature']
| 17,102,636
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D09.698.735.200', 'D12.776.395.650.750'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.180', 'D12.776.664.224', 'G05.360.160.180'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['G04.144.220.220.625', 'G05.113.220.625'], ['A11.284.187', 'A11.284.430.106.279.345.190', 'G05.360.162'], ['G05.308.330'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.744'], ['G02.111.225.880', 'G04.144.500.800', 'G05.226.880'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
DNA polymorphisms at the locus for human cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) are associated with macro- and microangiopathy in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
|
The effect of variation at the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene locus and in the apolipoprotein (apo) AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster on the susceptibility of individuals with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) to atherosclerotic vascular disease was studied in 136 male and 122 female patients with NIDDM. The prevalence of myocardial infarction was high (38%) in patients with the EcoNI genotype 2-2 of the CETP gene locus (= 2-2; subjects homozygous for the absence of the restriction site) compared with patients with the genotype 1-1 (= 1-1; subjects homozygous for the presence of the restriction site) (18%, p < 0.02). The prevalence of any evidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) (presence of ischaemic ECG changes or definite myocardial infarction) was high in 2-2 (73%) compared with the genotype 1-2 (= 1-2; heterozygous for the presence of the restriction site) (52%, p < 0.02) and genotype 1-1 (p = 0.06). CHD was more prevalent in men with 2-2 (70%) than in those with 1-1 (42%, p < 0.05), but in women no significant differences were found in the prevalences of CHD between the EcoNI genotypes. Neuropathy was more often present in the patients with 2-2 (31%) than in those with 1-1 (12%, p < 0.02) or 1-2 (14%, p < 0.01). Plasma total cholesterol and total- and VLDL-triglycerides were higher in women with the EcoNI genotype 1-1 than in those with the genotype 1-2. In men no significant differences in plasma lipids were found. In addition, the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease was high (21%) in the patients with the genotype 1-1 of the TaqIB polymorphism compared with the genotype 2-2 (6%, p < 0.02). None of the alleles defined by four polymorphisms in the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene region were associated with an increased risk for macroangiopathy. The PstI polymorphism had an effect on plasma triglyceride levels. At the CETP locus one pair of loci (TaqIB and EcoNI) and three pairs of loci at the apo AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster (SacI and MspI, SacI and PvuII and MspI and PvuII) showed significant allelic association. In conclusion, the variation of CETP locus modulates the risk for diabetic complications in patients with NIDDM and the effect seems to be different between men and women. In contrast, the AI-CIII-AIV gene cluster polymorphisms seem not to be related to the risk of CHD in NIDDM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Base Sequence', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins', 'DNA', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Female', 'Genotype', 'Glycoproteins', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Prevalence']
| 7,820,935
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D09.400.430.750', 'D12.776.124.197', 'D12.776.157.165', 'D12.776.395.199'], ['D13.444.308'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['G05.380'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of metrifonate in mixed Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni infections in humans.
|
In order to examine the effect of metrifonate, 156 patients with mixed Schistosoma haematobium and mansoni infection were randomly divided into three groups and treated with metrifonate (twice 10 mg/kg body weight), oxamniquine (60 mg/kg) and praziquantel (40 mg/kg), respectively. The output of S. haematobium and S. mansoni ova were quantitatively assessed in urine and stool. Application of metrifonate resulted in a similar reduction of S. haematobium and S. mansoni eggs in the urine, whereas no effect on egg excretion was observed in the stool irrespective of the parasite species. In contrast, oxamniquine influenced the output of S. mansoni ova in stool and urine, but showed no effect on S. haematobium egg excretion. praziquantel was equally effective against both parasite species. The chemotherapeutic effects were not of transient nature since the number of ova of both parasite species remained unchanged five months after treatment. The results clearly indicate that metrifonate acted exclusively on adult worms located in the perivesical plexus irrespective of the parasite species.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Oxamniquine', 'Parasite Egg Count', 'Praziquantel', 'Random Allocation', 'Schistosomiasis haematobia', 'Schistosomiasis mansoni', 'Trichlorfon']
| 3,082,230
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A04.411'], ['D03.633.100.810.350.600', 'D03.633.100.810.470.600'], ['E01.370.225.932.600', 'E05.200.932.600'], ['D03.633.100.531.690'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.427', 'C01.915.775', 'C01.920.922.427', 'C12.777.892.775', 'C13.351.968.892.775'], ['C01.610.335.865.859.576', 'C01.920.922.576'], ['D02.705.429.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of aging on biological properties of periodontal ligament cells.
|
The majority of patients eligible for periodontal regenerative therapies are aged subjects. Since periodontal ligament cells (PDLC) are essential for periodontal regeneration, the aim of the present study was to determine the effect of cellular aging on PDLC, including genes associated with extracellular matrix metabolism and growth-associated factors. PDLC cultures were obtained from subjects aged 15 to 20 years and subjects aged more than 60 years. Proliferation, cell viability, mineralization assays, and mRNA levels were assessed for type I and III collagen, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-1, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and-8, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and-2. Data analysis demonstrated that aging negatively influenced cell proliferation and mineral nodule formation (p < 0.05). Gene expression analysis further showed that mRNA levels for bFGF, PDGF-1, and TIMP-2 were not affected by aging (p > 0.05). In addition, mRNA levels for type I and III collagen were significantly lower in aged cells (p < 0.05), whereas MMP-2 and-8 and TIMP-1 mRNA levels were higher (p < 0.05). Within the limits of the present study, data analysis suggests that aging modulates important biological properties of periodontal ligament cells, diminishes the potential for mineral nodule formation, and favors extracellular matrix degradation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodontal Ligament', 'Tooth Calcification', 'Young Adult']
| 19,085,240
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A14.549.167.646.771'], ['G07.345.155.500.710', 'G10.549.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Extraction, characterization and biological activity of a (1,3)(1,6)-â-d-glucan from the pathogenic oomycete Pythium insidiosum.
|
Pythiosis is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by the pathogenic oomycete Pythium insidiosum. This study is the first to evaluate the P. insidiosum glucan content and its biological activities. The enzymatic quantification of the glucans in P. insidiosum mycelia showed that the â-glucan content was 18.99%±3.59. The cell wall polysaccharide extract consisted of ?81.7% carbohydrates (exclusively glucose) and ?18.3% residual amino acids and peptides. The results from monosaccharide composition, methylation and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy analyses indicated the presence of a highly branched (1,3)(1,6)-â-d-glucan, with (1,6)-â-d-glucopyranosil side-branching unit on average every 1-2 repeat units. In vitro, the â-d-glucan extract could significantly promote spleen lymphocyte proliferation in human, equine and mouse cell cultures. BALB/c mice that were subcutaneously pre-immunized with three doses of 0.5, 2.5 and 5.0mg of â-glucan/mouse, showed a significant increase in IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-á and IL-17A production compared to non-immunized mice. These results suggested that â-d-glucan extract induces significant and specific Th17 cellular immune response and provided the theoretical basis for further experiments.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytokines', 'Glucans', 'Horses', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Monosaccharides', 'Polysaccharides', 'Pythium', 'Spleen', 'Th17 Cells']
| 27,987,983
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['D05.750.078.562', 'D09.698.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D09.947.875'], ['D09.698'], ['B01.750.580.750'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.400.915', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.400.915', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.400.915', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.400.770', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.400.770', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.400.770', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.400.915', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.400.915', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.400.915']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison between mass transfer properties of weak-anion-exchange resins with graft-functionalized polymer layers and traditional ungrafted resins.
|
Glycidylmethacrylate was grafted to Toyopearl HW-65M and subsequently modified with diethylamine to obtain a weak anion exchanger. The degree of grafting was varied from 11 to 50%. The binding capacity for bovine serum albumin was 11 mg/ml for the lowest degree of grafting and 97 mg/ml for the highest degree of grafting. The maximum binding capacity was observed at 27% degree of grafting. The mass transfer properties of the grafted resins and an ungrafted resin(Toyopearl DEAE 650M) were investigated assuming rectangular isotherms. Simple models for reaction kinetics, pore- and surface diffusion and film diffusion were used to describe the concentration-time data in batch mode. The data were best fitted by a pore diffusion model. The estimated pore diffusion coefficients (D(P)) for bovine serum albumin were fitted by a polynome to the degree of grafting with an maximum value at 27% of D(P) = 1.95-10(-11) m2/s. Compared to published data of other ungrafted resins and to the molecular diffusion coefficient of bovine serum albumin in free solution of D(P) = 5.6 10(-11) m2/s, the diffusion in grafted layers seems to be accelerated. The breakthrough curves for columns packed with various resins showed a decrease in sharpness with increasing degree of grafting which could not be described by a simple pore diffusion model using the calculated transport coefficients from batch mode. The shape of the breakthrough curves could be well described by a combined film and pore diffusion model. For the ungrafted Toyopearl DEAE 650M resin the breakthrough curve is more favorable and the influence of film diffusion to the mass transfer is reduced. It can be concluded that grafting will increase the capacity and the pore diffusion in batch mode but in column operation the grafting layer has a film resistance which plays an important role in the overall mass transfer.
|
['Anion Exchange Resins', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Diethylamines', 'Muramidase', 'Polymers', 'Thermodynamics']
| 12,938,888
|
[['D27.720.470.420.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D02.092.471.302'], ['D08.811.277.450.642'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
delta-Opioid receptor immunoreactivity: distribution in brainstem and spinal cord, and relationship to biogenic amines and enkephalin.
|
We have recently developed antisera which recognize epitopes of the cloned delta-opioid receptor (DOR; Dado et al., 1993). In the present report we have further characterized these antisera, and raised additional antisera in rats. We used these antisera to determine the distribution of DOR-like immunoreactivity (-Ll) in rat spinal cord and brainstem in relation to serotoninergic, noradrenergic, and enkephalinergic neurons. We found DOR-Ll in fibers and varicosities distributed throughout the spinal cord gray matter, with highest densities in the superficial dorsal horn, in autonomic regions, around the central canal as well as in the ventral horn motor nuclei. In the brainstem a dense innervation of DOR-immunoreactive (-IR) fibers was found in several nuclei such as spinal trigeminal nuclei, midline raphe nuclei, parabrachial nuclei, periaqueductal gray matter (PAG), interpeduncular nucleus, ans substantia nigra. A group of DOR-positive cells was seen in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. In addition, a few DOR-IR cell bodies were demonstrated in the parabrachial nuclei, interpeduncular nucleus, PAG, and superior and inferior colliculi as well as around the central canal in the spinal cord. All DOR-positive cells showed a punctuate staining pattern within the cytoplasm of the cell body and in primary dendrites. No plasma membrane staining of cells or dendrites could be demonstrated using the DOR antisera. Double-labeling experiments for DOR and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT, serotonin) revealed that some 5HT-IR neurons in the raphe complex were surrounded by DOR-IR fibers. In the spinal cord a high degree of coexistence was found between DOR and 5HT in nerve fibers and varicosities in the neuropil around the motoneurons and in lamina V of the dorsal horn. In autonomic regions of the spinal cord, a low degree of colocalization was seen between DOR and 5HT; in the superficial dorsal horn no coexistence was found. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in the brainstem (in the A5 area, locus coeruleus, and A7 area) were apposed by DOR-positive fibers. However, no coexistence could be seen between DOR and TH in any part of the spinal cord. A close relation, but no coexistence, was observed between DOR- and enkephalin (ENK)-IR fibers in the spinal cord ventral horn; in the intermediolateral nucleus a low degree of colocalization was observed. Thus, a delta-opioid receptor may affect the activity of descending serotoninergic and noradrenergic neurons by means of modulating the release of neurotransmitters from afferents to these neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Biogenic Amines', 'Brain Stem', 'Enkephalins', 'Epitopes', 'Immune Sera', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Opioid, delta', 'Receptors, sigma', 'Serotonin', 'Spinal Cord', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase']
| 7,532,700
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.092.211'], ['A08.186.211.132'], ['D12.644.400.575.281', 'D12.776.631.650.575.281'], ['D23.050.550'], ['A12.207.152.846.500', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.573', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.573', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.573', 'D20.215.401'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.644.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.620.775', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.610.775', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.610.775'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Novel Stenotrophomonas maltophilia temperate phage DLP4 is capable of lysogenic conversion.
|
BACKGROUND: Temperate bacteriophages are capable of lysogenic conversion of new bacterial hosts. This phenomenon is often ascribed to "moron" elements that are acquired horizontally and transcribed independently from the rest of the phage genes. Whereas some bacterial species exhibit relatively little prophage-dependent phenotypic changes, other bacterial species such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia appear to commonly adopt prophage genetic contributions.RESULTS: The novel S. maltophilia bacteriophage DLP4 was isolated from soil using the highly antibiotic-resistant S. maltophilia strain D1585. Genome sequence analysis and functionality testing showed that DLP4 is a temperate phage capable of lysogenizing D1585. Two moron genes of interest, folA (BIT20_024) and ybiA (BIT20_065), were identified and investigated for their putative activities using complementation testing and phenotypic and transcriptomic changes between wild-type D1585 and the D1585::DLP4 lysogen. The gp24 / folA gene encodes dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR: FolA), an enzyme responsible for resistance to the antibiotic trimethoprim. I-TASSER analysis of DLP4 FolA predicted structural similarity to Bacillus anthracis DHFR and minimum inhibitory concentration experiments demonstrated that lysogenic conversion of D1585 by DLP4 provided the host cell with an increase in trimethoprim resistance. The gp65 / ybiA gene encodes N-glycosidase YbiA, which in E. coli BW25113 is required for its swarming motility phenotype. Expressing DLP4 ybiA in strain ybiA770(del)::kan restored its swarming motility activity to wildtype levels. Reverse transcription-PCR confirmed the expression of both of these genes during DLP4 lysogeny.CONCLUSIONS: S. maltophilia temperate phage DLP4 contributes to the antibiotic resistance exhibited by its lysogenized host strain. Genomic analyses can greatly assist in the identification of phage moron genes potentially involved in lysogenic conversion. Further research is required to fully understand the specific contributions temperate phage moron genes provide with respect to the antibiotic resistance and virulence of S. maltophilia host cells.
|
['Bacteriophages', 'DNA Repair', 'DNA Replication', 'Genome, Viral', 'Morphogenesis', 'Phenotype', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Stenotrophomonas maltophilia', 'Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase']
| 30,991,961
|
[['B04.123'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['G02.111.225', 'G05.226'], ['G05.360.340.358.840'], ['G07.345.500'], ['G05.695'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['B03.440.400.425.967.750.500', 'B03.660.250.915.750.500'], ['D08.811.682.662.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cloning, heterologous expression, and enzymatic characterization of a thermostable glucoamylase from Talaromyces emersonii.
|
The gene encoding a thermostable glucoamylase from Talaromyces emersonii was cloned and, subsequently, heterologously expressed in Aspergillus niger. This glucoamylase gene encodes a 618 amino acid long protein with a calculated molecular weight of 62,827Da. T. emersonii glucoamylase fall into glucoside hydrolase family 15, showing approximately 60% sequence similarity to glucoamylase from A. niger. The expressed enzyme shows high specific activity towards maltose, isomaltose, and maltoheptaose, having 3-6-fold elevated k(cat) compared to A. niger glucoamylase. T. emersonii glucoamylase showed significantly improved thermostability with a half life of 48h at 65 degrees C in 30% (w/v) glucose, compared to 10h for glucoamylase from A. niger. The ability of the glucoamylase to hydrolyse amylopectin at 65 degrees C is improved compared to A. niger glucoamylase, giving a significant higher final glucose yield at elevated temperatures. The increased thermal stability is thus reflected in the industrial performance, allowing T. emersonii glucoamylase to operate at a temperature higher than the A. niger enzyme.
|
['Aspergillus niger', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Gene Expression', 'Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase', 'Glucans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Isomaltose', 'Kinetics', 'Maltose', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Substrate Specificity', 'Talaromyces', 'Temperature']
| 12,356,463
|
[['B01.300.381.081.450'], ['E05.393.220'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['G05.297'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.375'], ['D05.750.078.562', 'D09.698.365'], ['G02.300'], ['D09.698.365.410', 'D09.698.629.305.320', 'D09.947.750.320'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D09.698.365.450', 'D09.698.629.305.523', 'D09.947.750.523'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G02.111.835'], ['B01.300.107.320.800'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Macro-level approaches to HIV prevention among ethnic minority youth: state of the science, opportunities, and challenges.
|
The HIV epidemic continues to disproportionately affect ethnic minority youth. These disconcerting health disparities indicate that although existing HIV preventive strategies for ethnic minority youth have been efficacious, they have not significantly reduced the impact of the epidemic in this population. Macro-level interventions, such as structural or policy interventions, have the potential to impact the HIV epidemic at a population level, and thus reduce the HIV health disparities that exist among ethnic minority youth and other segments of the U.S. population. This article calls for a paradigm shift to develop, evaluate, and disseminate interventions that target upstream/macro-level factors or that, at a minimum, integrate both a macro and individual level perspective. The article also discusses the challenges in developing and evaluating such interventions. Psychologists and other behavioral scientists can play a critical role in reducing the impact of HIV on ethnic minority youth by integrating macro-level approaches to future HIV prevention strategies.
|
['Adolescent', 'Epidemics', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Status Disparities', 'Humans', 'Minority Groups']
| 23,688,095
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N06.850.290.200'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['I01.240.425.675', 'N01.224.425.437', 'N06.850.505.400.425.675'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.853.300']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unbiased classification of mosquito blood cells by single-cell genomics and high-content imaging.
|
Mosquito blood cells are immune cells that help control infection by vector-borne pathogens. Despite their importance, little is known about mosquito blood cell biology beyond morphological and functional criteria used for their classification. Here, we combined the power of single-cell RNA sequencing, high-content imaging flow cytometry, and single-molecule RNA hybridization to analyze a subset of blood cells of the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae By demonstrating that blood cells express nearly half of the mosquito transcriptome, our dataset represents an unprecedented view into their transcriptional program. Analyses of differentially expressed genes identified transcriptional signatures of two cell types and provide insights into the current classification of these cells. We further demonstrate the active transfer of a cellular marker between blood cells that may confound their identification. We propose that cell-to-cell exchange may contribute to cellular diversity and functional plasticity seen across biological systems.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Anopheles', 'Blood Cells', 'Cell Communication', 'Cell Plasticity', 'Datasets as Topic', 'Female', 'Genomics', 'Malaria', 'Mosquito Vectors', 'RNA', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Single-Cell Analysis', 'Transcriptome']
| 30,038,005
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.712.500.875.120'], ['A11.118', 'A15.145.229'], ['G04.085'], ['G04.356.250'], ['E05.318.308.056', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.500', 'L01.399.250.224', 'L01.470.750.750.431', 'N05.715.360.300.224', 'N06.850.520.308.056'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['N06.850.335.188.100.500.500', 'N06.850.520.203.375.100.500.500'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['E05.242.900'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Minimally invasive treatment for distal radial fracture and dislocation of type IV based on Fernandez classification].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of external fixation combined with minimally invasive internal fixation for the treatment of distal radial fracture and dislocation of type IV based on Fernandez classification.METHODS: From January 2007 to October 2012,19 patients with the distal radius fracture and dislocation of type IV according to Fernandez classification were reviewed. There were 14 males and 5 females,ranging in age from 22 to 42 years old,with an average of 36.5 years old. All the patients were treated with minimally invasive reduction, and external fixation with finite internal fixation. The K-wire was used to fix radiolunate articular surface for correcting the instability of dorsal and volar intercalated segment. The radiolunate angle, scapholunate angle, and the length of the radial shorting were measured by the standard X-ray. Gartland and Werley evaluation system was used to evaluate recovery of function.RESULTS: No complications such as injury of blood vessels and radial nerves and pin track infections occurred. After operation, the radiolunate angle, scapholunate angle and the length of the radial shorting time were (9.5 +/- 3.3) degrees, (51.3 +/- 11.2) degrees and (11.2 +/- 1.8) mm by the standard X-ray. On the 3rd month after operation, GW score was 3.02 +/- 3.05. There was no re-displacement and subluxation occurred during the follow-up period. Good functional recovery were improved wrist function significantly.CONCLUSION: External fixation combined with minimally invasive internal fixation can treat distal radial fracture and dislocation of type IV based on Fernandez classification. Wrist joint stability depends on the structure of the bone and ligament around wrist joint. Emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of carpal instability, and postoperative functional rehabilitation can improve wrist function.
|
['Adult', 'Bone Nails', 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Humans', 'Joint Dislocations', 'Male', 'Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures', 'Radius Fractures', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wrist Injuries', 'Wrist Joint', 'Young Adult']
| 25,029,846
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E07.695.370.249', 'E07.858.442.660.460.249', 'E07.858.690.725.460.249'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550.518', 'C26.289'], ['E04.502'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C26.088.906'], ['A02.835.583.405.930'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Association of median household income with burden of coronary artery disease among individuals with diabetes.
|
BACKGROUND: Low income is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Diabetes is more prevalent among low income groups, and low income patients with diabetes have been shown to have a greater burden of cardiovascular risk factors and worse cardiovascular outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine whether income status was associated with burden of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with diabetes.METHODS AND RESULTS: All patients with diabetes presenting for cardiac catheterization between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2002, in Calgary, Canada, were identified through the use of the Alberta Provincial Project for Assessing Outcomes in Coronary Heart Disease (APPROACH) database. This clinical database was merged with Canadian 2001 Census data on median household income per dissemination area using patient postal code data, and income quintiles were derived. Clinical profiles, severity of coronary atherosclerosis, and myocardial jeopardy were compared across income quintiles. Mean scores for severity and jeopardy were compared across income quintiles using analysis of variance. Multivariate linear regression was used to control for baseline differences across income groups. A total of 4596 patients were eligible for inclusion in this study. Clinical profiles differed significantly across income quintiles, with the highest income quintile being younger (P<0.0005), more likely to be male (P=0.029), and having a lower prevalence of smoking (P=0. 039). Low income groups were more likely to report a history of myocardial infarction (P<0.0005) or congestive heart failure (P<0.0005). The highest income groups has significantly less coronary atherosclerosis as measured by the weighted Duke index (6.67 versus 7.38, P<0.002), but there were no differences in lesion severity as measured by the Duke severity scale (2.31 versus 2.41, P=0.334). High income patients has significantly less myocardial jeopardy compared with the lowest income group as measured by the Duke and APPROACH scores (36.44 versus 46.23, P=0.0187, and 39.96 versus 45.36, P=0.0182, respectively). These differences remained significant even after controlling for baseline clinical differences in cardiovascular risk factor burden.CONCLUSIONS: Low income is associated with a greater degree of atherosclerosis and greater myocardial jeopardy in patients with diabetes. More needs to be done to reduce cardiovascular risk factor burden in this vulnerable population.
|
['Aged', 'Alberta', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Family Characteristics', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Social Class']
| 20,123,671
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.107.567.176.064'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C19.246.099'], ['F01.829.263.315', 'I01.240.361', 'I01.880.853.150.423', 'N01.224.361', 'N01.824.308', 'N06.850.505.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Ionic mechanisms of neuronal excitation by inhibitory GABAA receptors.
|
Gamma-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptors are the principal mediators of synaptic inhibition, and yet when intensely activated, dendritic GABAA receptors excite rather than inhibit neurons. The membrane depolarization mediated by GABAA receptors is a result of the differential, activity-dependent collapse of the opposing concentration gradients of chloride and bicarbonate, the anions that permeate the GABAA ionophore. Because this depolarization diminishes the voltage-dependent block of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor by magnesium, the activity-dependent depolarization mediated by GABA is sufficient to account for frequency modulation of synaptic NMDA receptor activation. Anionic gradient shifts may represent a mechanism whereby the rate and coherence of synaptic activity determine whether dendritic GABAA receptor activation is excitatory or inhibitory.
|
['Acetazolamide', 'Amiloride', 'Animals', 'Bicarbonates', 'Chlorides', 'Dendrites', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Magnesium', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Muscimol', 'Neurons', 'Pyramidal Cells', 'Rats', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate', 'Synapses', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 7,638,623
|
[['D02.886.675.867.060', 'D03.383.129.708.867.060'], ['D03.383.679.149'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.200.275.150.100', 'D01.248.497.158.165.100'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['G02.300'], ['E05.481'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D03.383.129.462.470', 'D23.946.587.587'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.675.790', 'A11.671.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.500'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preimplantation genetic screening to improve in vitro fertilization pregnancy rates: a prospective randomized controlled trial.
|
This prospective randomized controlled pilot trial was designed to evaluate whether prescreening embryos for aneuploidy can improve clinical outcomes in infertile patients undergoing IVF, without limiting to poor prognosis patients. Although there was no statistically significant improvement in live birth rates or implantation rates in this pilot study, there was a trend toward improved clinical outcomes, indicating that future multicenter randomized trials are needed.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Genetic Testing', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Infertility', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Preimplantation Diagnosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,061,593
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C12.294.365', 'C13.351.500.365'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['E01.370.378.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The influence of melatonin on the content of vasopressin and oxytocin in the hypothalamus and neurohypophysis in euhydrated and dehydrated male rats.
|
Melatonin injected in a single intraperitoneal dose of 100 micrograms/100 g b.w. to euhydrated rats resulted in a decrease of neurohypophysial oxytocin content but the hypothalamic oxytocin storage as well as the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial storage of vasopressin were not changed. Following 8 d of once-daily melatonin treatment the hypothalamic and neurohypophysial oxytocin and vasopressin content was decreased. It might be therefore suggested that melatonin increases the release of neurohypophysial hormones and/or decreases their synthesis. Melatonin did not significantly modify the neurohypophysial vasopressin depletion rate in animals deprived of water up to 8 days. No consistent effects of melatonin on the decrease of hypothalamo-neurohypophysial content of oxytocin were noted under conditions of dehydration and simultaneous administration of melatonin up to 8 d.
|
['Animals', 'Hypothalamus', 'Male', 'Melatonin', 'Oxytocin', 'Pituitary Gland, Posterior', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Water-Electrolyte Balance']
| 3,772,720
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.433', 'D12.644.548.691.692.433'], ['A06.300.747.875', 'A06.688.178.875', 'A06.688.357.750.875', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500.875', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500.875', 'A08.713.049.875', 'A08.713.357.750.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.111.635.500', 'G03.615.500', 'G07.410.810.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of low-birth-weight breech delivery on neonatal mortality.
|
The influence of breech presentation on neonatal mortality was studied in 77 viable low-birth-weight breech deliveries. Neonates were divided into 3 weight groups: 1000-1499 g, 1500-1999 g, and 2000-2499 g. The antepartum and intrapartum characteristics of the 3 weight groups were detailed. The 17 neonates who died were studied to determine if alternative delivery methods would have prevented their deaths. Survival rates were 45% in the 1000-1499-g group, 76% in the 1500-1999-g group, and 97% in the 2000-2499-g group. Cervical head entrapment and fetal bradycardia were ominous intrapartum complications, but severe prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome and fetal hydrops were the primary causes of neonatal death. From these data, it is concluded that 1) intrapartum management and delivery of the low-birth-weight breech presentation infant should be individualized, and 2) cesarean section for routine delivery is not justified.
|
['Adult', 'Breech Presentation', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant Mortality', 'Infant, Low Birth Weight', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Labor Presentation', 'Obstetric Labor Complications', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn', 'Time Factors']
| 572,025
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Multicystic ovarian tumor weighing 156 lbs: the second largest tumor in Texas.
|
A woman's lifetime risk of developing an ovarian neoplasm is approximately 7%. A small subset of these neoplasms comprises the gigantic ovarian tumors (> 25 lbs) that often present challenging and difficult problems. We present a case of a 156-lb ovarian tumor with emphasis on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to successful management.
|
['Cystadenoma, Mucinous', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Organ Size', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Polycystic Ovary Syndrome', 'Texas', 'Ultrasonography']
| 9,210,846
|
[['C04.557.470.035.320.225', 'C04.557.470.590.485.225'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['C04.182.612.765', 'C13.351.500.056.630.580.765', 'C19.391.630.580.765'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.750'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Frequency of Secondary Dislocations of Initially non Displaced and Minimally Displaced Fractures of the Lateral Humeral Condyle in Children - Surveillance of a Treatment Algorithm.
|
AIM OF THE STUDY: The treatment of undisplaced fractures of the lateral humeral condyle is conservative. However, it is problematic that it is not possible to differentiate between a stable and an unstable, non-displaced fracture. A pragmatic approach is to X-ray the elbow without a cast 5 days after trauma and to compare those images with the initial ones. If there is a central increase of dislocation, then there is an indication of an unstable fracture. The dislocation can also be indicated by a translational movement, which is best observed in the border area. The aim of the study was to retrospectively determine the incidence of secondary dislocations of initially undisplaced and minimally dislocated fractures of the lateral humeral condyle in infants between 2010 and 2015.METHODS: We performed a retrospective, non-randomized analysis of 75 children with initially undisplaced and minimally displaced fractures of the lateral humeral condyle between 2010 and 2015. The strategy for the evaluation of a stable and an unstable fracture of the lateral humeral condyle was carried out by means of an X-ray without a cast 5 days after trauma. Further radiological controls were performed after 14 days, 4 weeks and after 10 to 12 weeks in operated children.RESULTS: Seven initially undisplaced and minimally dislocated fractures (9,3%) showed a secondary dislocation 5 days after trauma when a radiological control without a cast was performed. At the control 14 days after trauma there was no further secondary dislocation. The immobilization took place in an upper arm cast for a period of 4 weeks.CONCLUSION: 90% of all non-dislocated fractures of the lateral humeral condyle can be treated conservatively. It is important to find out which about 10% of children will experience a secondary dislocation safely and effectively. It has been shown that the strategy for the evaluation of a stable and an unstable fracture of the lateral humeral condyle by means of a radiological control after 5 days without a cast can be effective and cost-saving. With a high degree of certainty, the unstable fracture can be detected at the radiological control 5 days after trauma. If, after 5 days, the radiological control reveals unsure finding regarding the dislocation, it is advisable to recheck the fracture in the second radiological control after 14 days.
|
['Algorithms', 'Child', 'Elbow Joint', 'Humans', 'Humeral Fractures', 'Humerus', 'Infant', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 31,117,144
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A02.835.583.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.088.390', 'C26.404.500'], ['A02.835.232.087.090.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of an internal ribosome entry site within mRNA 5 of murine hepatitis virus.
|
The unique region of mRNA 5 of murine hepatitis virus contains two open reading frames, ORF 5a and ORF 5b. The downstream ORF 5b encodes the envelope (E) protein, an integral membrane protein of the virus. We have shown previously that the expression of ORF 5b is mediated by the internal entry of ribosomes. In the experiments reported here, we have used the in vitro translation of synthetic mRNAs to identify the region of mRNA 5 that mediates internal ribosome entry. Our results show that the 5' border of the MHV mRNA 5 IRES element is located between nucleotides 227 and 244 in ORF 5a, while the 3' border is located between nucleotides 140 and 172 in ORF 5b. The MHV mRNA 5 IRES element, therefore, contains not more than 280 nucleotides and encompasses the ORF 5b initiation codon. As evidenced by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, the IRES element of mRNA 5 interacts specifically with protein factors present in an L-cell lysate.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell-Free System', 'DNA Primers', 'L Cells', 'Mice', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Murine hepatitis virus', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plasmids', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'RNA, Viral', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Ribosomes', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 10,416,375
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.835.168'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['A11.251.210.505', 'A11.329.228.505'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.450.580', 'B04.820.578.500.540.150.113.875'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Catechol-O-methyltransferase genotype as modifier of superior responses to venlafaxine treatment in major depressive disorder.
|
Responses to venlafaxine treatment in major depressive disorder were stratified by COMT genotypes (Val158Met, rs4680) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Improvements in depression scores among subjects with Val/Val genotypes were larger than those in Met/Met genotypes, suggesting that venlafaxine may alter noradrenergic flux differentially according to COMT activity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation', 'Catechol O-Methyltransferase', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Middle Aged', 'Pharmacogenetics', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Time Factors', 'Valine', 'Venlafaxine Hydrochloride', 'Young Adult']
| 23,706,899
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.050'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.250'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.158.273.343.750', 'H01.158.703.052', 'H02.628.479'], ['G05.365.795'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.125.070.950', 'D12.125.142.930'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.901', 'D02.092.471.683.948', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318.750', 'D10.289.510.500.901'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-target protein Bik induces Hep3B cells apoptosis by the depletion of the ER Ca2+ stores.
|
Bik, a BH3-only protein, was identified to induce cells apoptosis. In this study, we reported that Bik exclusively localized to endoplasmic reticulum rather than mitochondria. The apoptosis induced by Bik was inhibited in Hep3B cells, when TM domain of Bik was truncated. The ectopic overexpression of Bik protein caused the rapid and sustained elevation of the intracellular cytosolic Ca2+, which originated from the ER Ca2+ stores releasing. The Hep3B cells apoptosis induced by Bik was not prevented by establishing the clamped cytosolic Ca2+ condition, or by buffering of the extracellular Ca2+ with EGTA, suggesting that the depletion of ER Ca2+ stores rather than the elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ or the extracellular Ca2+ entry contributed to Bik-induced Hep3B cells apoptosis.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Biological Transport', 'Calcium', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cytosol', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Transfection']
| 18,299,962
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['G03.143'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.575'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Circulating microparticles as indicators of peripartum cardiomyopathy.
|
AIMS: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Endothelial damage involving cathepsin-D to form a 16 kDa prolactin (PRL) peptide is pathogenetically relevant. Inhibiting PRL peptide with bromocriptine has yielded promising results. We investigated whether microparticles (MPs) can be quantified in serum as markers for diagnosis and treatment effects in PPCM.METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with PPCM were compared with age-matched healthy post-partum women (PPCTR), healthy pregnant women (PCTR), healthy non-pregnant women (NPCTR), patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (ICM), patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and healthy controls (HCTR). Peripartum cardiomyopathy treated with bromocriptine (PPCM-BR) and with PPCM without bromocriptine-treatment as control (PPCM-BRCTR) were compared. Microparticles were determined by flow cytometry. Endothelial MPs (EMPs) were elevated in PPCM compared with PPCTR, PCTR, and NPCTR, each P< 0.001. They were significantly elevated compared with ICM, CAD, and HCTR (P< 0.001). Pregnancy (PCTR) exhibited only slight increases vs. ICM, CAD, NPCTR, and HCTR. The increase in PPCM was due to an increase of activated but not apoptotic EMPs. Platelet-derived microparticles were highly increased in PPCM compared with ICM (P< 0.001) but 9.3 ± 4.4-fold compared with CAD (P< 0.001). In NPCTR (P< 0.001) compared with NPCTR, the increase was 5.9 ± 1.7-fold (P< 0.001). Microparticles generated from monocytes (MMPs) were increased 2.4 ± 1.8-fold in PPCM compared with PCTR (P< 0.001) and 4.8 ± 3.6-fold compared with CAD (P< 0.001), whereas leucocyte MPs (LMPs) were not significantly elevated. Endothelial microparticles were significantly reduced in PPCM treated additionally with bromocriptine compared with PPCM treated only with heart failure therapy (P< 0.001).CONCLUSION: Microparticle profiles may in long-term distinguish PPCM from normal pregnancy, heart failure, and vascular diseases and might be a diagnostic marker related to the pathomechanism of PPCM.
|
['Adult', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Biomarkers', 'Bromocriptine', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell-Derived Microparticles', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Hormone Antagonists', 'Humans', 'Pregnancy', 'Puerperal Disorders']
| 22,307,461
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D23.101'], ['D03.132.327.412.100', 'D03.633.400.439.131', 'D03.633.400.562.100'], ['C14.280.238'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.284.295.588.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['D06.347', 'D27.505.696.399.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.844']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Proton pump inhibitor therapy improves symptoms in postnasal drainage.
|
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastroesophageal reflux is common among patients with postnasal drainage. We investigated whether proton pump inhibitor therapy improved symptoms in patients with postnasal drainage without sinusitis or allergies.METHODS: In a parallel-group, double-blind, multi-specialty trial, we randomly assigned 75 participants with continued symptoms of chronic postnasal drainage to groups that were given 30 mg of lansoprazole twice daily or placebo. Participants were followed up for 16 weeks. Symptoms were assessed at baseline and after 8 and 16 weeks. Ambulatory pH and impedance monitoring assessed presence of baseline reflux. The primary objective of the study was to determine if acid suppressive therapy improved postnasal drainage symptoms. The secondary objective was to assess if pH and impedance monitoring at baseline predicted response to treatment.RESULTS: Postnasal drainage symptoms improved significantly among patients given lansoprazole compared with placebo. After 8 and 16 weeks, participants given lansoprazole were 3.12-fold (1.28-7.59) and 3.50-fold (1.41-8.67) more likely to respond, respectively, than participants given placebo. After 16 weeks, median (interquartile) percent symptom improvements were 50.0% (10.0%-72.0%) for participants given lansoprazole and 5.0% (0.0%-40.0%) for participants given placebo (P = .006). Neither baseline presence of typical reflux symptoms nor esophageal physiologic parameters predicted response to therapy.CONCLUSIONS: Among participants with chronic postnasal drainage without evidence of sinusitis and allergies, twice-daily therapy with proton pump inhibitors significantly improved symptoms after 8 and 16 weeks. The presence of heartburn, regurgitation, abnormal levels of esophageal acid, or nonacid reflux did not predict response to therapy.
|
['2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles', 'Adult', 'Chronic Disease', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Esophageal pH Monitoring', 'Female', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Humans', 'Lansoprazole', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucus', 'Nasal Mucosa', 'Proton Pump Inhibitors', 'Rhinitis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,801,120
|
[['D02.886.640.074', 'D03.383.725.024', 'D03.633.100.103.034'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['E01.370.372.255', 'E01.370.520.215'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.886.640.074.249', 'D03.383.725.024.249', 'D03.633.100.103.034.249'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A12.200.503'], ['A04.531.520', 'A04.760.600', 'A10.615.550.760.600'], ['D27.505.519.389.848'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Particulate matter and carbon dioxide in classrooms - the impact of cleaning and ventilation.
|
UNLABELLED: The objective of the study was to measure the indoor air quality in classrooms with special emphasis on particulate matter (PM 10) and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) and the impact of cleaning and ventilation.MATERIAL AND METHOD: PM 10 was analysed via gravimetric method and by laser beam technology. CO(2) was analysed by infrared sensors. Measurements were collected for 3 weeks; first week: "normal" cleaning (twice a week) and ventilation; second week: intensified cleaning (five times a week); third week: intensified cleaning and intensified ventilation.RESULTS: Levels of PM 10 in the classrooms during the 3 weeks were 69+/-19microg/m(3) and they were dominated by occupancy and the persons' activity. Intensified cleaning showed a significant decrease in all classrooms (79+/-22 to 64+/-15microg/m(3)). The effect of ventilation on levels of PM10 was inconsistent - levels of CO(2) were very high in all schools and could be diminished by intensified ventilation (mean 1459 to 1051ppm).CONCLUSION: Although further investigation is needed to study detailed characteristics of the PM 10 (size distribution, chemical identity) the data are sufficient to improve the cleaning and the ventilation in schools.
|
['Air Pollution, Indoor', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Dust', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Germany', 'Humans', 'Particulate Matter', 'Schools', 'Ventilation']
| 18,155,960
|
[['N06.850.460.100.080'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['D20.633.222'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.633'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['N06.230.150.520']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A conserved GTPase-containing complex is required for intracellular sorting of the general amino-acid permease in yeast.
|
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae general amino-acid permease, Gap1p, is a model for membrane proteins that are regulated by intracellular sorting according to physiological cues set by the availability of amino acids. Here, we report the identification of a conserved sorting complex for Gap1p, named the GTPase-containing complex for Gap1p sorting in the endosomes (GSE complex), which is required for proper sorting of Gap1p from the late endosome for eventual delivery to the plasma membrane. The complex contains two small GTPases (Gtr1p and Gtr2p) and three other proteins (Ybr077c, Ykr007w and Ltv1p) that are located in the late endosomal membrane. Importantly, Gtr2p interacts with the carboxy (C)-terminal cytosolic domain of Gap1p and a tyrosine-containing motif in this domain is necessary both to bind Gtr2p and to direct sorting of Gap1p to the plasma membrane. Together, these studies provide evidence that the GSE complex has a key role in trafficking Gap1p out of the endosome and may serve as coat proteins in this process.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Amino Acid Transport Systems', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Endosomes', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Intracellular Membranes', 'Macromolecular Substances', 'Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Protein Transport', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 16,732,272
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.200', 'D12.776.543.585.200'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['A11.284.149.450', 'A11.284.835.514'], ['D05'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400', 'D12.644.360.525', 'D12.776.157.325.515', 'D12.776.476.525'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Variability in somatosensory cortical neuron discharge: effects on capacity to signal different stimulus conditions using a mean rate code.
|
1. The present study is based on the demonstration (8, 9) that the relationship between mean interval (MI) and standard deviation (SD) for stimulus-driven activity recorded from SI neurons is well fitted by the linear equation SD = a X MI + b and on the observations that the values of the slope (a) and y intercept (b) parameters of this relationship are independent of stimulus conditions and may vary widely from one neuron to the next (8). 2. A criterion for the discriminability of two different mean firing rates requiring that the mean intervals of their respective interspike interval (ISI) distributions be separated by a fixed interval (expressed in SD units) is developed and, on the basis of this criterion, a graphical display of the capacity of a neuron with a known SD-MI relationship to reflect a change in stimulus conditions with a change in mean firing rate is derived. Using this graphical approach, it is shown that the parameters of the SD-MI relationship for a single neuron determine a range of firing frequencies, within which that neuron exhibits the greatest capacity to signal differences in stimulus conditions using a frequency code. 3. The discrimination criterion is modified to incorporate the changes in the symmetry of the ISI distribution observed to accompany changes in mean firing rate. It is shown that, although the observed symmetry changes do influence the capacity of a cortical neuron to signal a change in stimulus conditions with a change in mean firing rate, they do not alter the range of firing rates (determined by the parameters of the SD-MI relationship) within which the capacity for discrimination is maximal. 4. The maximal number of firing levels that can be distinguished by a somatosensory cortical neuron (using the same discrimination criterion described above) discharging within a specified range of mean frequencies also is demonstrated to depend on the parameters of the linear equation which relates SD to MI. 5. Two approaches based on the t test for differences between two means are developed in an attempt to ascertain the minimum separation of the mean intervals of the ISI distributions necessary for two different mean firing rates to be discriminated with 80% certainty.
|
['Animals', 'Haplorhini', 'Macaca', 'Neurons', 'Physical Stimulation', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 418,155
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.723'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Regulated heterogeneity in 12-kDa P-protein phosphorylation and composition of ribosomes in maize (Zea mays L.).
|
Maize (Zea mays L.) possesses four distinct approximately 12-kDa P-proteins (P1, P2a, P2b, P3) that form the tip of a lateral stalk on the 60 S ribosomal subunit. RNA blot analyses suggested that the expression of these proteins was developmentally regulated. Western blot analysis of ribosomal proteins isolated from various organs, kernel tissues during seed development, and root tips deprived of oxygen (anoxia) revealed significant heterogeneity in the levels of these proteins. P1 and P3 were detected in ribosomes of all samples at similar levels relative to ribosomal protein S6, whereas P2a and P2b levels showed considerable developmental regulation. Both forms of P2 were present in ribosomes of some organs, whereas only one form was detected in other organs. Considerable tissue-specific variation was observed in levels of monomeric and multimeric forms of P2a. P2b was not detected in root tips, accumulated late in seed embryo and endosperm development, and was detected in soluble ribosomes but not in membrane-associated ribosomes that copurified with zein protein bodies of the kernel endosperm. The phosphorylation of the 12-kDa P-proteins was also developmentally and environmentally regulated. The potential role of P2 heterogeneity in P-protein composition in the regulation of translation is discussed.
|
['Phosphorylation', 'Plant Proteins', 'Ribosomal Proteins', 'Ribosomes', 'Zea mays']
| 11,278,810
|
[['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D12.776.765'], ['D12.776.835'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rat liver NAD(P)H:quinone reductase: isolation of a quinone reductase structural gene and prediction of the NH2 terminal sequence of the protein by double-stranded sequencing of exons 1 and 2.
|
Recently two reports [J. A. Robertson et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261, 15794-15799 and R. M. Bayney et al. (1987) J. Biol. Chem. 262, 572-575] have appeared concerning the nucleotide sequence of quinone reductase cDNA clones. Although the cDNA clones are virtually identical, they diverge in the 5' region that encodes the NH2 terminus of the protein. In order to clarify the sequence of this region, we have isolated quinone reductase clones from a rat genomic library using a cDNA clone, pDTD55, isolated and characterized by our laboratory. We have determined the sequence of exons 1 and 2 of the structural gene by double-stranded sequencing using oligonucleotide primers. The sequence of exons 1 and 2 of the quinone reductase structural gene along with our previous nucleotide sequence analysis of pDTD55 as well as conventional amino acid sequence analysis of the purified protein indicates that quinone reductase is composed of 274 amino acids with a molecular weight of 30,946. These data agree with the published sequence of lambda NMOR1 reported by Robertson et al.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Bacteriophage lambda', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA', 'DNA, Recombinant', 'Exons', 'Genes', 'Liver', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Oligonucleotides', 'Quinone Reductases', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats']
| 2,963,593
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['B04.123.150.800.230', 'B04.123.205.230', 'B04.280.090.800.230'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.460'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['A03.620'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.682.608.800.500'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D13.695.578.424'], ['D08.811.682.608.800'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lyophilization of polyethylene glycol mixtures.
|
Lyophilization of cosolvent systems may be a beneficial way of enhancing both physical and chemical stability of a drug product. The objective of this research is to establish whether cosolvent systems commonly used in the formulation of poorly water-soluble drugs can be successfully lyophilized. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 400 was selected because it is widely used and can be easily frozen. The addition of PEG 400 to commonly used bulking agents, such as mannitol, sucrose, or polyvinylpyrrolidone, caused a significant change in the thermal properties of the bulking agents as observed by modulated differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, PEG 8000 was evaluated as a bulking agent because it also can function as a cosolvent in solution and forms an acceptable cake after lyophilization. Addition of PEG 400 to PEG 8000 caused negligible changes in the thermogram of this bulking agent. Surprisingly, the combination of PEG 8000 and PEG 400 forms a solid lyophilized cake. The current system can be best described as the lyophilization of a miscible solution of PEG 8000 and PEG 400 resulting in a lyophile that has a crystalline structure of PEG 8000 which is able to support PEG 400.
|
['Freeze Drying', 'Pharmaceutical Solutions', 'Polyethylene Glycols']
| 15,295,785
|
[['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160.260', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160.260', 'E02.792.156.260', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160.260', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160.260', 'E05.760.156.260'], ['D26.776.708', 'D27.505.954.578', 'D27.720.752'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Drugs, narcotics--knowledge and habits in schools].
|
During the school session 1988/1989, the school doctors in the County of Roskilde carried out a questionnaire investigation among 4,004 pupils in the seventh and ninth classes about their knowledge, habits and attitudes to euphorising drugs. The questionnaire investigation was voluntary and anonymous and this probably contributed to the serious replies. Ten municipalities participated and the results showed that more than 50% of the pupils had employed analgesic medicine within the past three months. The consumption of medicine requiring prescription was about 2% during the same period. Medicine was obtained mainly from the parents. Approximately 6% of the pupils in the ninth grade had been offered speed while less than 1% had consumed speed. 1-4% of the pupils had attempted sniffing while only very few had tried cocaine, heroin and morphine. The need for a multidisciplinary health educational campaign concerning euphorising drugs is emphasized.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'School Health Services', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 2,256,212
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Design of Free Triblock Polylysine- b-Polyleucine- b-Polylysine Chains for Gene Delivery.
|
Mixing cationic polymer chains with anionic DNA chains in solution results in the polymer/DNA complexes (also known as polyplexes). We recently confirmed that it is those noncomplexed cationic chains free in the mixture that promote the gene transfection, leading to a hypothesis: free cationic chains adsorbed on various anionic membranes interfere with the signal protein interaction, disrupt the intervesicular fusion, and block the endolysosome pathway so that the plasmid DNA (pDNA) chains have a higher chance to enter the nucleus. Accordingly, we design and synthesize linear cationic-hydrophobic-cationic triblock polylysine (K)- b-polyleucine (L)- b-polylysine (K) as free cationic chains by using natural protamine to condense the pDNA. The hydrophobic middle L-block helps its insertion into the membrane, while the interaction of the two cationic side K-blocks with the signal proteins helps the escape of the polyplexes from the lysosome entrapment. We studied the transfection efficiency of these copolymers with different block lengths. We found the optimal length of blocks K and L that allows the free triblock cationic copolymer chains to effectively enhance the gene transfection process. A combination of copolypeptides and protamine provides a new kind of biocompatible and nontoxic gene vectors made of only nontoxic peptides.
|
['Anions', 'Cations', 'Gene Transfer Techniques', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Lysosomes', 'Peptides', 'Plasmids', 'Polylysine', 'Polymers']
| 29,505,712
|
[['D01.248.497.158'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['E05.393.350'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['D12.644'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D12.125.068.555.750', 'D12.125.095.647.750', 'D12.644.760'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of chronic co-administration of morphine and verapamil on isoproterenol-induced heart injury.
|
OBJECTIVE: Long-term co-administration of morphine and calcium channel antagonists (CCAs) is likely in some clinical conditions. Reciprocal interactions during chronic concomitant use of these agents are confirmed in central nervous system studies. However, there is little information regarding their chronic combination effects on the cardiovascular system. Present study was designed to assess the effects of chronic co-administration of morphine plus verapamil on some cardiovascular indices of rats with / without myocardial damage.METHODS: Animals were divided to control, morphine, verapamil and morphine plus verapamil groups each consisted of two subgroups, with and without heart injury. Rats were treated with increasing doses of morphine (10-20mg/kg, i.p.) or morphine plus verapamil (10mg/kg, i.p.) daily for 7 days. Heart injury was induced by isoproterenol (50 mg/kg, i.p.), then cardiac Troponin I was measured and on day 8, blood pressure and heart rate was recorded and then the hearts were histopathologically examined.RESULTS: The results indicated that co-administration of morphine with verapamil has stronger cardioprotective effect than morphine or verapamil alone as confirmed by the lower Troponin I level and myocardial lesion grades. However, no additional effects on mean arterial pressure and Rate-Pressure product were observed in combined use of these drugs.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest chronic co-administration of morphine and verapamil induced additive protective effects on rat heart exposed to myocardial injury comparing with each of them alone.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Cardiotonic Agents', 'Drug Synergism', 'Heart', 'Heart Injuries', 'Isoproterenol', 'Male', 'Morphine', 'Myocardium', 'Narcotics', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Troponin I', 'Verapamil']
| 21,902,658
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['D27.505.954.411.222', 'D27.720.799.080'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['A07.541'], ['C26.891.375'], ['D02.033.100.291.439', 'D02.092.063.291.439', 'D02.092.311.649', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.649'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D27.505.696.277.600', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D05.500.945.925', 'D05.750.078.730.825.925', 'D12.776.210.500.910.925', 'D12.776.220.525.825.925'], ['D02.092.471.683.953']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alteration of FHR pattern associated with progressively advanced fetal acidemia caused by cord compression.
|
In order to investigate changes in FHR when a fetus suffers acidemia, we produced progressively advanced acidemia in lamb fetus by intermittently repeated cord compression. FHR was monitored throughout the study. FHR patterns were classified into five characteristic types as fetal arterial pH fell from around 7.35 to below 6.90. It was confirmed by studies involving catecholamine release and the administration of drugs such as atropine sulfate, alpha or beta adrenergic antagonists that sympathetic and parasympathetic regulation was deeply involved in the changes. Among the patterns, type 4, in which decreased amplitude of the initial drop and hypoxia-induced deceleration was followed by overshoot acceleration, took place during acidemia at arterial pH below 7.15. In conclusion, the appearance of type 4 FHR indicates a deteriorating state in human fetus as well, induced by repeated cord compression, and obliges us to deliver the fetus as soon as possible.
|
['Acidosis, Respiratory', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Fetal Hypoxia', 'Heart Rate, Fetal', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Pregnancy', 'Sheep', 'Umbilical Cord']
| 3,392,441
|
[['C08.618.846.093', 'C18.452.076.176.310'], ['B01.050'], ['C13.703.277.390', 'C16.300.420', 'C23.888.852.079.594'], ['G09.330.380.500.430'], ['G02.300'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A16.378.693']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sialic acid-binding protein Sp2CBMTD protects mice against lethal challenge with emerging influenza A (H7N9) virus.
|
Compounds that target the cellular factors essential for influenza virus replication represent an innovative approach to antiviral therapy. Sp2CBMTD is a genetically engineered multivalent protein that masks sialic acid-containing cellular receptors on the respiratory epithelium, which are recognized by influenza viruses. Here, we evaluated the antiviral potential of Sp2CBMTD against lethal infection in mice with an emerging A/Anhui/1/2013 (H7N9) influenza virus and addressed the mechanistic basis of its activity in vivo. Sp2CBMTD was administered to mice intranasally as a single or repeated dose (0.1, 1, 10, or 100 ìg) before (day -7, -3, and/or -1) or after (6 or 24 h) H7N9 virus inoculation. A single Sp2CBMTD dose (10 or 100 ìg) protected 80% to 100% of the mice when administered 7 days before the H7N9 lethal challenge. Repeated Sp2CBMTD administration conferred the highest protection, resulting in 100% survival of the mice even at the lowest dose tested (0.1 ìg). When treatment began 24 h after exposure to the H7N9 virus, a single administration of 100 ìg of Sp2CBMTD protected 40% of the mice from death. The administration of Sp2CBMTD induced the pulmonary expression of proinflammatory mediators (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-1â, RANTES, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 [MCP-1], macrophage inflammatory protein-1á [MIP-1á], and inducible protein [IP-10]) and recruited neutrophils to the respiratory tract before H7N9 virus infection, which resulted in less pronounced inflammation and rapid virus clearance from mouse lungs. Sp2CBMTD administration did not affect the virus-specific adaptive immune response, which was sufficient to protect against reinfection with a higher dose of homologous H7N9 virus or heterologous H5N1 virus. Thus, Sp2CBMTD was effective in preventing H7N9 infections in a lethal mouse model and holds promise as a prophylaxis option against zoonotic influenza viruses.
|
['Animals', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Chemokines', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype', 'Lung', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Orthomyxoviridae Infections', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Sialic Acids', 'Virus Replication']
| 25,534,734
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.800'], ['A04.411'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['C01.925.782.620'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D02.241.081.844.562.668', 'D02.241.511.902.562.668', 'D09.067.687.668', 'D09.811.589.668'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reducing variation in antibacterial prescribing rates for 'cough/cold' and sore throat between 1993 and 2001: regional analyses using the general practice research database.
|
OBJECTIVE: To use the General Practice Research Database (GPRD) to explore the regional variation in prescribing for single diagnostic episodes of 'cough/cold' and sore throat and how this changed between 1993 and 2001.METHODS: Data from the GPRD was used to conduct a longitudinal survey of morbidity and antibiotic prescribing data.RESULTS: Nationally there has been a substantial reduction in diagnosed episodes per 1000 patient years at risk for both diagnoses: from 104.6 (104.0-105.2) to 86.5 (86.0-86.9) for cough/cold (-17.3%) and from 102.8 (102.2-103.4) to 69.2 (68.8-69.6) for sore throat (-32.6%). In addition to the changes in diagnostic rate there have been reductions in diagnosis-related prescribing: from 41.8% to 34.8% of cough/cold episodes (-7.0%) and from 77.3% to 60.8% of sore throat episodes (-16.4%). These aggregated data conceal wide regional variations. For cough/cold the change in prescribing rate during the study varied from -16.0% to +5.3% and for sore throat from -28.3% to -7.3%.CONCLUSIONS: In addition to a substantial reduction in diagnosis of cough/cold and sore throat, there has been a reduction in diagnosis-related prescribing episodes in almost all regions. Although there continues to be regional variation in diagnosis-related prescribing this has reduced substantially over the 9-year study period.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Common Cold', 'Cough', 'Drug Utilization', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Pharyngitis', 'Physicians, Family', "Practice Patterns, Physicians'", 'United Kingdom']
| 16,828,131
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.748.162', 'C01.925.782.687.207', 'C08.730.162'], ['C08.618.248', 'C23.888.852.293'], ['N04.452.706.477'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C01.748.561', 'C07.550.781', 'C08.730.561', 'C09.775.649'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['N04.590.374.577', 'N05.300.625'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Purification and characterization of phosphoglycerate mutase from methanol-grown Hyphomicrobium X and Pseudomonas AM1.
|
Phosphoglycerate mutase has been purified from methanol-grown Hyphomicrobium X and Pseudomonas AMI by acid precipitation, heat treatment, ammonium sulphate fractionation, Sephadex G-50 gel filtration and DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The purification attained using the Hyphomicrobium X extract was 72-fold, and using the Pseudomonas AMI extract, 140-fold. The enzyme purity, as shown by analytical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was 50% from Hyphomicrobium X and 40% from Pseudomonas AMI. The enzyme activity was associated with one band. The purified preparations did not contain detectable amounts of phosphoglycerate kinase, phosphopyruvate hydratase, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase or glycerate kinase activity. The molecular weight of the enzymic preparation was 32000 +/- 3000. The enzyme from both organisms was stable at low temperatures and, in the presence of 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid, could withstand exposure to high temperatures. The enzyme from Pseudomonas AMI has a broad pH optimum at 7-0 to 7-6 whilst the enzyme from Hyphomicrobium X has an optimal activity at pH 7-3. The cofactor 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid was required for maximum enzyme activity and high concentrations of 2-phosphoglyceric acid were inhibitory. The Km values for the Hyphomicrobium X enzyme were: 3-phosphoglyceric acid, 6-0 X 10(-3) M: 2-phosphoglyceric acid, 6-9 X 10(-4) M; 2,3-diphosphoglyceric acid, 8-0 X 10(-6) M; and for the Pseudomonas AMI ENzyme: 3-4 X 10(-3) M, 3-7 X 10(-4) M and 10 X 10(-6) M respectively. The equilibrium constant for the reaction was 11-3 +/- 2-5 in the direction of 2-phosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphoglyceric acid and 0-09 +/- 0-02 in the reverse direction. The standard free energy for the reaction proceeding from 2-phosphoglyceric acid to 3-phosphoglyceric acid was -5-84 kJ mol(-1) and in the reverse direction +5-81 kJ mol(-1).
|
['Bacteria', 'Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Diphosphoglyceric Acids', 'Drug Stability', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Methanol', 'Molecular Weight', 'Phosphoglycerate Mutase', 'Phosphotransferases', 'Pseudomonas']
| 10,346
|
[['B03'], ['E05.196.181.400.383.349'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D02.241.081.844.387.388', 'D02.241.511.902.387.388', 'D02.705.400.140', 'D09.811.366.388'], ['E05.916.330'], ['G02.300'], ['D02.033.623'], ['G02.494'], ['D08.811.399.520.750.700'], ['D08.811.913.696'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nivolumab-Induced Severe Akathisia in an Advanced Lung Cancer Patient.
|
BACKGROUND Nivolumab is an anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor that was recently developed for cancer immunotherapy. In the clinical trials of nivolumab, its adverse effects were reported to be less likely than those of conventional anti-cancer agents; however, after practical clinical distribution, it has come to be known that nivolumab induces various immune-related adverse events. CASE REPORT A 58-year-old male with a recurrence of lung adenocarcinoma was treated with nivolumab. Only four days after the initial administration of nivolumab, the patient presented with unbearable restlessness and distress that was resistant to all therapeutic agents used, and it gradually became worse. He finally came to need deep sedation despite his cancer status being stable during the course. Clinical tests including magnetic resonance imaging, cerebrospinal fluid cytology, and antibodies of paraneoplastic syndrome exhibited no signs of encephalitis or another possible cause of the neuropathy. The diagnosis of akathisia could be made only by his somatoform presentation. It was uncertain whether or not this complication was correlated with the activation of his immune system. CONCLUSIONS Anti-immune check point inhibitors may induce many unknown adverse events. Severe akathisia induced by nivolumab, as in our case, has not been reported yet. Collecting every adverse event of nivolumab may be important to make a better algorithm to manage its huge variety of complications.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Akathisia, Drug-Induced', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Brain', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nivolumab']
| 27,893,699
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['C10.228.662.037', 'C10.720.075', 'C23.888.592.350.600.500', 'C25.100.249', 'C25.723.705.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.829', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.829', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.829']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of medical supplies essential for the care of survivors of sex- and gender-based violence in post-conflict Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo.
|
The fundamental concepts set forth in the formal Post-Conflict Needs Assessment (PCNA) initiative created by the United Nations Development Group have the potential to be adapted to assist local groups in documenting the needs of and the provision of health care to survivors of sex- and gender-based violence (SGBV) in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). In partnership with Congolese health care providers, we took the first step in advocating for a locally-adapted and focused needs assessment through the development and administration of surveys to providers in the South Kivu Province, DRC. The content of the surveys was largely based on lists of medical supplies deemed essential for reproductive health and for the care of survivors by the Reproductive Health Response in Crises Consortium. The providers in both urban and rural settings considered many of the supplies identified on the surveys necessary for the care of survivors (84%; p < 0.05) but considered few accessible (26%; p < 0.05) in their particular clinical settings. Providers also felt that the existing list of supplies was inadequate to meet the needs of survivors, and also that providers needed ongoing training to improve supply procurement and management, more knowledge of the needs of male survivors of SGBV, and more educational opportunities to improve the quality of care to survivors. Given the deficiencies expressed by providers in the surveys, this study demonstrated a critical need for a locally-adapted and focused needs assessment to improve health services to survivors.
|
['Democratic Republic of the Congo', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Health Services Needs and Demand', 'Hospitals', 'Human Rights Abuses', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Needs Assessment', 'Prejudice', 'Primary Health Care', 'Rape', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Survivors', 'United States', 'Violence']
| 22,073,532
|
[['Z01.058.290.100.220'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N03.349.380.420', 'N05.300.450'], ['N02.278.421'], ['I01.880.735.384'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.594', 'N03.349.380.565', 'N05.300.537'], ['F01.145.813.550', 'F01.829.595'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['I01.198.240.748.640', 'I01.198.240.856.744', 'I01.880.735.900.772'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.860'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The case for medical marijuana in epilepsy.
|
Charlotte, a little girl with SCN1A-confirmed Dravet syndrome, was recently featured in a special that aired on CNN. Through exhaustive personal research and assistance from a Colorado-based medical marijuana group (Realm of Caring), Charlotte's mother started adjunctive therapy with a high concentration cannabidiol/Ä(9) -tetrahydrocannabinol (CBD:THC) strain of cannabis, now known as Charlotte's Web. This extract, slowly titrated over weeks and given in conjunction with her existing antiepileptic drug regimen, reduced Charlotte's seizure frequency from nearly 50 convulsive seizures per day to now 2-3 nocturnal convulsions per month. This effect has persisted for the last 20 months, and Charlotte has been successfully weaned from her other antiepileptic drugs. We briefly review some of the history, preclinical and clinical data, and controversies surrounding the use of medical marijuana for the treatment of epilepsy, and make a case that the desire to isolate and treat with pharmaceutical grade compounds from cannabis (specifically CBD) may be inferior to therapy with whole plant extracts. Much more needs to be learned about the mechanisms of antiepileptic activity of the phytocannabinoids and other constituents of Cannabis sativa.
|
['Anticonvulsants', 'Cannabidiol', 'Epilepsies, Myoclonic', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Medical Marijuana', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 24,854,149
|
[['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D02.455.849.090.100'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.130', 'C10.228.140.490.493.063'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['D26.528'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Highly transparent sapphire micro-grating structures with large diffuse light scattering.
|
The highly transparent micro-grating structures (MGSs) of sapphire substrate with large diffuse light scattering were theoretically and experimentally studied. From the finite difference time domain simulation, it was found that the degree of diffuse light scattering is strongly dependent on the size of grating structures. For a highly transparent property, the sapphire MGSs were optimally designed by the theoretical calculations using the rigorous coupled wave analysis method. The order of taper, geometry (i.e., width and height), and pitch length of MGSs were optimized to maximize their average total transmittance over a wide wavelength range of 300-1800 nm. Additionally, the influence of the deposition of low-refractive index material such as SiO2 onto sapphire MGSs on the transmittance characteristics was investigated. To verify experimentally the feasibility, the sapphire MGSs were fabricated by the conventional lithography and dry etching processes. The SiO2 deposited sapphire MGS exhibited a further increase in the total transmittance due to its relatively more graded refractive index profile while maintaining a significantly enhanced diffuse light scattering. The experimental data were in a reasonable agreement with the theoretical results.
|
['Algorithms', 'Aluminum Oxide', 'Computer Simulation', 'Electricity', 'Light', 'Materials Testing', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Optics and Photonics', 'Photons', 'Refractometry', 'Scattering, Radiation', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 21,934,920
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D01.056.050', 'D01.650.550.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G01.358.500.249'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.570'], ['E05.599'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688'], ['G01.249.705', 'G01.358.500.505.650.782', 'G01.590.540.782', 'G01.750.250.650.782', 'G01.750.770.578.782'], ['E05.196.808', 'H01.671.617.755'], ['E05.196.822', 'G01.867'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intraosseous lipoma: role and limitations of modern imaging techniques.
|
We report a case of intraosseous lipoma involving the ilium in a 37-year-old male. There were no clinical symptoms. Plain films suggested the diagnosis, which was confirmed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging with fat-cancelling sequences. However, we were unable to rule out fatty involution of an old aneurysmal bone cyst. Modern imaging techniques are very reliable for the diagnosis of intraosseous lipoma. Computed tomography is usually sufficient to establish the diagnosis and to guide therapeutic decisions.
|
['Adult', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Humans', 'Lipoma', 'Male']
| 7,600,069
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['E01.370.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.550.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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