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Pneumococcal mastoiditis in children and the emergence of multidrug-resistant serotype 19A isolates.
|
OBJECTIVE: We review the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on pneumococcal mastoiditis in children at Texas Children's Hospital.METHODS: The medical charts (including the number of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine doses) for children with pneumococcal mastoiditis treated at Texas Children's Hospital between January 1995 and June 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Isolates were serotyped with the capsular swelling method. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed on the 19A isolates and multilocus sequence typing on selected 19A clones.RESULTS: Forty-one pneumococcal mastoiditis cases were identified, and 19A (n = 19) was the most common serotype. Before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (from 1995 to December 1999), 0 of 12 cases were 19A. Between April 2000 and October 2006, 15 cases of pneumococcal mastoiditis occurred, and 5 were 19A. Fourteen cases of pneumococcal mastoiditis occurred between November 2006 and June 2007, all of which were 19A. Mastoiditis caused by 19A isolates was more likely to present with subperiosteal abscess and was more likely to need intraoperative mastoidectomy than was mastoiditis caused by non-19A isolates. Multidrug resistance was also common among the 19A isolates; 13 (68%) of the 19A isolates were resistant to all antibiotics tested routinely. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis placed 14 (74%) of the 19 serotype 19A isolates into a highly related group; 12 isolates were classified as closely related, and 2 were possibly related. Multilocus sequence typing analysis placed the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis cluster isolates into clonal complex 271 (sequence types 320 and 1451).CONCLUSIONS: At Texas Children's Hospital, 19A has become the predominant serotype causing pneumococcal mastoiditis, partly related to the emergence of multidrug-resistant clonal complex 271 strains. Subperiosteal abscesses and the need for mastoidectomy were more common in children with mastoiditis caused by serotype 19A isolates, compared with isolates of other serotypes.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mastoiditis', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Pneumococcal Infections', 'Pneumococcal Vaccines', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Serotyping', 'Streptococcus pneumoniae', 'Temporal Bone', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vaccines, Conjugate']
| 18,595,984
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['E05.196.401.220', 'E05.301.300.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C01.160.495.500', 'C05.116.165.495.249', 'C09.218.705.663.652'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.670'], ['D20.215.894.135.750.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.225.812.742', 'E01.370.225.875.150.125.890', 'E05.200.812.742', 'E05.200.875.150.125.890', 'E05.478.594.780'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.550', 'B03.510.400.800.872.550', 'B03.510.550.737.872.550'], ['A02.835.232.781.885'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['D20.215.894.865.900', 'D23.050.865.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
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| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
Artepillin C, as a PPARã ligand, enhances adipocyte differentiation and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 cells.
|
The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) ã plays an important role in adipocyte differentiation. Its ligands, including thiazolidinediones, improve insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. We investigated the effects of artepillin C, an ingredient of Baccharis dracunculifolia, on adipogenesis and glucose uptake using 3T3-L1 cells. In PPARã ligand-binding assays, artepillin C exhibited binding affinity toward PPARã. Artepillin C dose-dependently enhanced adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. As a result of the artepillin C-induced adipocyte differentiation, the gene expression of PPARã and its target genes, such as aP2, adiponectin and glucose transporter (GLUT) 4, was increased. These increases were abolished by cotreatment with GW9662, a PPARã antagonist. In mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, artepillin C significantly enhanced the basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. These effects were decreased by cotreatment with a PI3K inhibitor. Although artepillin C had no effects on the insulin signaling cascade, artepillin C enhanced the expression and plasma membrane translocation of GLUT1 and GLUT4 in mature adipocytes. In conclusion, these findings suggest that artepillin C promotes adipocyte differentiation and glucose uptake in part by direct binding to PPARã, which could be the basis of the pharmacological benefits of green propolis intake in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes.
|
['3T3-L1 Cells', 'Adipocytes', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Differentiation', 'DNA Primers', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Glucose', 'Insulin', 'Ligands', 'Mice', 'PPAR gamma', 'Phenylpropionates', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 21,219,874
|
[['A11.251.210.100.775.800', 'A11.329.228.100.775.800'], ['A11.329.114'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G04.152'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.826.239.588'], ['D02.241.223.701'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tranilast reduces serum IL-6 and IL-13 and protects against thioacetamide-induced acute liver injury and hepatic encephalopathy.
|
Hepatic encephalopathy is a serious neuropsychiatric disorder usually affecting either acute or chronic hepatic failure patients. Hepatic encephalopathy was replicated in a validated rat model to assess the potential protective efficacy of tranilast against experimentally induced hepatic encephalopathy. Thioacetamide injection significantly impaired hepatic synthetic, metabolic and excretory functions with significant increase in serum NO, IL-6 and IL-13 levels and negative shift in the oxidant/antioxidant balance. Most importantly, there was a significant increase in serum ammonia levels with significant astrocytes' swelling and vacuolization; hallmarks of hepatic encephalopathy. Tranilast administration (300 mg/kg, orally) for 15 days significantly improved hepatic functions, restored oxidant/antioxidant balance, reduced serum NO, IL-6 and IL-13 levels. Meanwhile, serum ammonia significantly declined with significant reduction in astrocytes' swelling and vacuolization. Several mechanisms can be implicated in the observed hepato- and neuroprotective potentials of tranilast, such as its anti-inflammatory potential, its antioxidant potential as well as its immunomodulatory properties.
|
['Animals', 'Hepatic Encephalopathy', 'Interleukin-13', 'Interleukin-6', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Thioacetamide', 'ortho-Aminobenzoates']
| 26,164,743
|
[['B01.050'], ['C06.552.308.500.356', 'C10.228.140.163.360', 'C18.452.132.360'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.513', 'D12.776.467.374.465.513', 'D23.529.374.465.513'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A03.620'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.065.064.786', 'D02.065.900.890', 'D02.241.081.018.110.786', 'D02.886.685.800'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.400', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.906']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exploring the protein folding free energy landscape: coupling replica exchange method with P3ME/RESPA algorithm.
|
A highly parallel replica exchange method (REM) that couples with a newly developed molecular dynamics algorithm particle-particle particle-mesh Ewald (P3ME)/RESPA has been proposed for efficient sampling of protein folding free energy landscape. The algorithm is then applied to two separate protein systems, beta-hairpin and a designed protein Trp-cage. The all-atom OPLSAA force field with an explicit solvent model is used for both protein folding simulations. Up to 64 replicas of solvated protein systems are simulated in parallel over a wide range of temperatures. The combined trajectories in temperature and configurational space allow a replica to overcome free energy barriers present at low temperatures. These large scale simulations reveal detailed results on folding mechanisms, intermediate state structures, thermodynamic properties and the temperature dependences for both protein systems.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Temperature']
| 15,099,840
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Post-traumatic stress disorder following an occupational accident].
|
Two cases of occupational accidents and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of various types are described. These accidents occurred in different occupations and encompass dramatic, life-threatening situations. The cases were compatible with a diagnosis of chronic PTSD. In both cases compensation for occupational injury was awarded on the basis of a PTSD diagnosis.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Accidents, Occupational', 'Blast Injuries', 'Denmark', 'Explosions', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', "Workers' Compensation"]
| 10,083,826
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['N06.850.135.240'], ['C26.120.126'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['N06.230.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['N03.219.521.346.866', 'N03.219.521.576.300.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Long non-coding RNA SNHG6 promotes glioma tumorigenesis by sponging miR-101-3p.
|
INTRODUCTION: Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor. The small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG) SNHG6 is a potential oncogene in the development of several types of cancers.METHODS: In this study, we investigated the functional role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SNHG6 in the malignancy of glioma in cell lines and transplanted nude mice.RESULTS: We found that the expression of lncRNA SNHG6 was higher in glioma tissues and cells than in normal brain tissues and cells. The expression of lncRNA SNHG6 was positively correlated with the malignancy and poor prognosis of glioma patients. microRNA (miR)-101-3p expression was decreased in glioma tissues and cells and was negatively correlated with the malignancy and poor prognosis of glioma patients. In glioma tissues, the expression of lncRNA SNHG6 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-101-3p. SNHG6 contained a binding site of miR-101-3p. Knockdown of SNHG6 expression resulted in a significant increase of miR-101-3p expression. miR-101-3p mimic markedly decreased the luciferase activity of SNHG6. Knockdown of SNHG6 inhibited glioma cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increased apoptosis. miR-101-3p mimic enhanced knockdown of SNHG6-induced inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and EMT, and an increase of apoptosis. Anti-miR-101-3p reversed the the effects of si-SNHG6 on cell malignancy. Knockdown of SNHG6 remarkably reduced the increase of tumor volumes in xenograft mouse models. In tumor tissues, knockdown of SNHG6 increased the expression of miR-101-3p and reduced EMT biomarker expression.CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides novel insights into the functions of lncRNA SNHG6/miR-101-3p axis in the tumorigenesis of glioma.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Carcinogenesis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glioma', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'RNA, Long Noncoding', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 29,799,357
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.697.098', 'C23.550.727.098'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.356.500'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D13.444.735.790.375'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An evaluation of direct PCR amplification.
|
AIM: To generate complete DNA profiles from blood and saliva samples deposited on FTA® and non-FTA® paper substrates following a direct amplification protocol.METHODS: Saliva samples from living donors and blood samples from deceased individuals were deposited on ten different FTA® and non-FTA® substrates. These ten paper substrates containing body fluids were kept at room temperature for varying lengths of time ranging from one day to approximately one year. For all assays in this research, 1.2 mm punches were collected from each substrate containing one type of body fluid and amplified with reagents provided in the nine commercial polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification kits. The substrates were not subjected to purification reagent or extraction buffer prior to amplification.RESULTS: Success rates were calculated for all nine amplification kits and all ten substrates based on their ability to yield complete DNA profiles following a direct amplification protocol. Six out of the nine amplification kits, and four out of the ten paper substrates had the highest success rates overall.CONCLUSION: The data show that it is possible to generate complete DNA profiles following a direct amplification protocol using both standard (non-direct) and direct PCR amplification kits. The generation of complete DNA profiles appears to depend more on the success of the amplification kit rather than the than the FTA®- or non-FTA®-based substrates.
|
['DNA', 'DNA Fingerprinting', 'DNA Primers', 'Gene Amplification', 'Humans', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Saliva']
| 25,559,837
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['E05.318.740.225.500.500', 'E05.393.290', 'I01.198.780.937.375', 'N04.452.910.099.750'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['A12.200.666']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of prothrombin fragment 2 on the inhibition of thrombin by antithrombin III.
|
The effect of prothrombin fragment 2 on the inhibition of thrombin by antithrombin III has been studied. Fragment 2 was found to slow the rate of inhibition of thrombin by antithrombin III about 3-fold. The effect of prothrombin fragment 2 on antithrombin III inhibition was examined by comparing its action in the presence of either thrombin or meizothrombin (des fragment 1). The second order rate constants for antithrombin III inhibition of thrombin with saturating fragment 2 and antithrombin III inhibition of meizothrombin (des fragment 1) were the same. Prothrombin fragment 2 had no effect on either antithrombin III inhibition of meizothrombin (des fragment 1) or Factor Xa. The effect of the fragment on the reaction mechanism of thrombin inhibition was evaluated to see if the fragment altered binding of antithrombin III to thrombin or inhibited the formation of the covalent complex. The fragment was found to have no inhibitory effect on the rate of covalent complex formation, indicating that the protective effect of the fragment is by inhibiting binding of antithrombin III to thrombin. These data suggest that prothrombin fragment 2 may be an important factor in controlling the localization of clot formation by regulating the interaction between thrombin and antithrombin III.
|
['Animals', 'Antithrombin III', 'Cattle', 'Factor X', 'Kinetics', 'Mathematics', 'Prothrombin', 'Thrombin']
| 447,671
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Sinus computerized tomography in primary hypogammaglobulinaemia.
|
Thirteen patients suffering from primary hypogammaglobulinaemia receiving intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy underwent computerized tomography of the paranasal sinuses. The CT scans were evaluated and related to clinical data from the patients, who were selected for study on the basis of having symptoms of rhinosinusitis. The scans varied from normal to demonstrating widespread sinus abnormality. There was no relationship between the scan findings and duration of ENT symptoms, range of current symptoms, or the interval between the onset of ENT symptoms and the start of intravenous immunoglobulin replacement therapy. It is nevertheless possible that prompt institution of replacement therapy, after correct diagnosis early in the course of the disease, may prevent the development of sinus disease refractory to such treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Agammaglobulinemia', 'Aged', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulins, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paranasal Sinus Diseases', 'Paranasal Sinuses', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rhinitis', 'Sinusitis', 'Time Factors', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 8,288,967
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.147.142', 'C15.604.515.032', 'C20.673.088'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393.536', 'D12.776.124.486.485.114.632', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.632', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.632'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C08.460.692', 'C09.603.692'], ['A04.531.621'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.748.674', 'C08.460.799', 'C08.730.674', 'C09.603.799'], ['C01.748.749', 'C08.460.692.752', 'C08.730.749', 'C09.603.692.752'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Contacts between extracellular loop two and transmembrane helix six determine basal activity of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
|
A number of alanine mutations in extracellular loop two (ECL2) of the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) were found to increase or decrease basal activity when compared with the wild type receptor. K565A was identified as a mutant with decreased basal activity, and strongly impaired hormone induced signaling activity. To gain insights into how ECL2 mutants affect basal activity, we focused on constitutively activating pathogenic mutant I568V in ECL2, which exhibits elevated basal activity. Because our molecular model suggests that Ile-568 is embedded in an environment of hydrophobic residues provided by transmembrane helix bundle, we tested mutants in this region to identify potential interaction partner(s) for Ile-568. Indeed, the double mutant I568V/I640L (ECL2/TMH6) suppresses the increased basal activity exhibited by I568V alone. We suggest a spatial and functional relationship between ECL2 and TMH6 in which side chain interaction between Ile-568 and Ile-640 constrains the receptor in a conformation with low basal activity. Although the single mutant I640L exhibits basal activity lower than wild type, its differently branched and bulkier side chain complements the reduced side chain bulk in I568V, restoring wild type basal activity to the double mutant. This scenario is confirmed by the reciprocal double mutant I640V/I568L. The combination of basally increased activity of I640V and basally decreased activity of mutant I568L also restores basal activity of wild type TSHR. These and other mutant phenotypes reported here support a dynamic interface between TMH6 and ECL2. Disruption of this critical interface for signaling by introduction of mutations in TSHR can either increase or decrease basal activity.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'COS Cells', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Mutation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Receptors, Thyrotropin']
| 17,079,233
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.600.850', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.850', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Ovariectomy alters the structural and biomechanical properties of ovine femoro-tibial articular cartilage and increases cartilage iNOS.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of oestrogen depletion produced by surgical ovariectomy on the structural and biomechanical properties of ovine femoro-tibial articular cartilage (AC), and the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and nitrotyrosine by these tissues.METHODS: Six aged ewes were surgically ovariectomised (OVX), while six were used as unoperated controls. Dynamic biomechanical indentation testing of tibial plateau AC was performed at 26 weeks post-op. Histological sections of medial tibial plateau and lateral tibial plateau (LTP), medial and lateral femoral condyles (MFC, LFC) and patellar AC were examined for histopathology, toluidine blue staining intensity, and patterns of collagen birefringence intensity. Immunoreactivity for iNOS and nitrotyrosine was assessed in full-thickness biopsy plugs of LFC and patellar AC, and patellar AC explants were cultured to determine in vitro NO release.RESULTS: Phase lag was reduced overall in LTP-AC of OVX sheep (10.9+/-2.2 degrees vs 12.1+/-2.3 degrees ; P<0.0001). Cartilage thickness was reduced in the LTP of OVX sheep (P=0.0002), in association with localised changes in dynamic shear modulus. Toluidine blue staining intensity was reduced in the patella, LFC, and MFC. Histological examination revealed greater histopathology scores in the MFC of OVX animals, and altered collagen birefringence intensity plots in the LTP. Immunostaining for iNOS was increased in patella AC (P=0.008), whilst nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity was increased in patella (P=0.03) and LFC (P<0.0001) AC. NO release by patellar AC explants was also elevated.CONCLUSIONS: Oestrogen depletion induced by OVX caused regional thinning of femoro-tibial cartilage, with biomechanical and histological changes suggestive of a disturbance in the content and/or structural organisation of the proteoglycan and collagen macromolecular assembly. The observed up-regulation of cartilage iNOS suggests a possible mechanism for these matrix changes.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cartilage, Articular', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Hindlimb', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Models, Animal', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'Ovariectomy', 'Postmenopause', 'Sheep', 'Tissue Culture Techniques']
| 16,154,775
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['A13.473'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E05.598'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['E05.481.500.617']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Creating library tutorials for nursing students.
|
This article describes one librarian's experiences with creating, promoting, and assessing online library tutorials. Tutorials were designed to provide on-demand and accessible library instruction to nursing students at Michigan State University. Topics for tutorials were chosen based on the librarian's liaison experiences and suggestions from nursing faculty. The tutorials were created using Camtasia and required the application of several tools and techniques. Tutorials were promoted through Web pages, the ANGEL course management system, blog posts, librarian interactions, e-mails, and more. In order to assess the tutorials' perceived effectiveness, feedback was gathered using a short survey. Future plans for the nursing tutorials project are also discussed.
|
['Data Collection', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Library Science', 'Michigan', 'Program Development', 'Students, Nursing', 'Teaching']
| 20,432,135
|
[['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['L01.583'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.500', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.500'], ['N04.452.760'], ['M01.848.769.685'], ['I02.903']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Macro-AST: misleading finding in an adolescent with MCAD-deficiency.
|
BACKGROUND: MCAD-deficiency is the most common inborn error of fatty acid oxidation now included in many newborn screening programms using MS/MS. During prolonged catabolic episodes, patients may suffer from metabolic decompensation with dysfunction of liver, skeletal- and heart muscle as well as brain. In anabolism, neither clinical symptoms nor biochemical signs of organ dysfunction occur.CASE PRESENTATION: We report a female patient with MCAD-deficiency in whom at the age of 11 years isolated AST-elevation was found without any clinical or biochemical signs of organ dysfunction. We showed by polyethylene glycol precipitation that macro-AST formation was responsible for this biochemical finding. AST was probably complexed with immunoglobulins possibly related to an allergic disposition. Macro-AST formation is not a special feature of MCAD-deficiency but rather a non-specific, coincidental finding which also occurs in healthy individuals. The general practitioner consulted by the patient before coming to our outpatient clinic for inborn errors of metabolism was worried that isolated AST-elevation indicated cell damage in MCAD-deficiency. He ordered further diagnostic tests like ultrasound, ECG and echocardiography without any pathology.CONCLUSION: In isolated AST-elevation, macro-AST has to be considered in order to avoid unnecessary, costly and invasive evaluation. This is not only true for healthy persons but for patients with chronic diseases like MCAD as well.
|
['Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase', 'Adolescent', 'Aspartate Aminotransferases', 'Asthma', 'Eosinophilia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors', 'Rhinitis, Allergic', 'Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial']
| 22,935,320
|
[['D08.811.682.660.150.100', 'D12.776.331.099'], ['M01.060.057'], ['D08.811.913.477.700.225'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['C15.378.553.231'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['C16.320.565.398', 'C18.452.584.562', 'C18.452.648.398'], ['C08.460.799.315', 'C08.674.453', 'C09.603.799.315', 'C20.543.480.680.443'], ['C08.460.799.315.500', 'C08.674.453.500', 'C09.603.799.315.500', 'C20.543.480.680.443.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Diarrhoea in piglets inoculated with rotavirus.
|
A rotavirus isolated from a field outbreak of diarrhoea in artificially reared piglets was purified, filtered and administered orally to gnotobiotic and conventional piglets. Four successive passages of the virus in gnotobiotic piglets produced severe diarrhoea within 20 to 24 hours of administration. The diarrhoea lasted several days causing dehydration, emaciation, loss of body weight and some deaths. Virus was demonstrated in the faeces of the infected piglets by electron microscopy. Conventionally reared piglets developed little or no diarrhoea when given virus, whereas artificially reared piglets developed moderate to severe diarrhoea which lasted from 3 to 8 days with some deaths. No clinical disease was obvious in surviving piglets following challenge with the virus 10 or 17 days after initial infections.
|
['Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Diarrhea', 'Germ-Free Life', 'Rotavirus', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases', 'Virus Diseases']
| 210,755
|
[['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['G06.320'], ['B04.820.223.719.790'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905'], ['C01.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optimal methods of aortoiliac reconstruction.
|
Alternate methods of aortic reconstruction for aortoiliac occlusive disease were reviewed in one author's (R.C.D.) personal series of 582 patients (1,105 limbs) during the 15 year period from 1963 to 1977. To illustrate certain trends, separate analysis was done for periods 1963 to 1969 (interval I) and 1970 to 1977 (interval II). During the earlier period, endarterectomy was performed in 72% of patients, with unilateral operations carried out in 15% of patients. Operative mortality was 5.1% and early failure occurred in 4% of patients. In contrast, in interval II graft procedures were done in 89% of patients, with mortality of only 2% and early failure in less than 1% of patients. Unilateral procedures were utilized infrequently (4%). Our analysis suggests that aortoiliac endarterectomy is still the procedure of choice for a small group (approximately 10%) with localized disease. For more extensive disease, aortofemoral grafts appear to be the procedure of choice. Patency of such grafts in the most recent interval was 91% at 5 years. Superior long-term function of aortofemoral grafts appears to be associated with use of a knitted Dacron prosthesis, end-to-end proximal anastomosis, and distal anastomosis which ensures patency of the profunda femoris outflow. The incidence of infection (0.3%) and false aneurysm formation (1.4%) was extremely low. In view of the low mortality rate and superior long-term success of direct reconstructions, extraterritorial grafts are felt to be rarely indicated.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Endarterectomy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Iliac Artery', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyethylene Terephthalates', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Time Factors']
| 152,480
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.109'], ['C14.907.137'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E04.100.814.456'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.444'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D05.750.728.764', 'D25.720.728.764', 'J01.637.051.720.728.764'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of cocaine and reserpine administration on RNA editing of rat 5-HT2C receptor estimated by primer extension combined with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography.
|
Serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT(2C)R) transcripts undergo RNA editing, generating pharmacologically different isoforms. To test whether the RNA editing of 5-HT(2C)R is regulated by serotonergic activity, effects of cocaine or reserpine administration in the rat cerebral cortex were examined. Although these drugs have been known to alter serotonin metabolism, no alterations in the RNA editing were found by the sequencing analysis. Towards high throughput analysis, we developed a non-RI method that allows accurate and rapid estimation of RNA editing by combining the primer extension with denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC). By using this, RNA editing efficiencies of 5-HT(2C)R in the midbrain and hippocampus as well as the cerebral cortex were examined, and no alterations were found among these regions. Our method using DHPLC is applicable to examine association of RNA editing with various diseases.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Cocaine', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Isoforms', 'RNA Editing', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C', 'Receptors, Serotonin', 'Reserpine']
| 12,439,740
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.800'], ['G02.111.760.250', 'G03.839.250', 'G05.308.700.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850.200.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850'], ['D03.132.436.681.933.500', 'D03.633.100.473.402.681.933.500', 'D03.633.100.496.500.500.681.933.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Childhood obesity as a symptom of genetic syndromes].
|
The authors describe on examples from the practice of a genetic clinic seven different genetic syndromes associated with obesity: Laurence-Moon-Biedl, Alstr?m, Weiss, Cohen, Carpenter, Prader-Willi and syndrome of insulin resistance. The autosomal recessive determination of the majority of these syndromes emphasizes their genetic impact with a high risk of repeated occurrence in the family. Visual and hearing defects increase clinical and social importance of these syndromes. When evaluating the genetic prognosis of risk families, the authors consider the possibility of prenatal diagnosis and its forms and the risk of implementation of a preventive method. In some instances obesity is a manifestation of a disorder of insulin receptors.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosome Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Obesity']
| 2,752,454
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['C16.131.260', 'C16.320.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Detection of coagulation factor V in patients with severe hepatitis and its clinical significance].
|
BACKGROUND: To investigate the prognostic significance and role of coagulation factor V (CFV) levels in clinical diagnostic criteria for severe hepatitis.METHODS: The CFV level and prothrombin activity (PTA) were tested by turbidimetry for 129 times in 58 patients with severe hepatitis. Comparative studies and clinical significance of CFV and PTA were analyzed by SPSS and SDAS softwares.RESULTS: 1. The levels of CFV and PTA were 15.3%+/-9.7% and 23.5%+/-10.0%, respectively, at the onset of severe hepatitis. 2. The mortality of severe hepatitis gradually increased with the gradual decrease of CFV or PTA during the most severe stage of the illness (P=0.000). 3. The levels of CFV and PTA decreased continually and rapidly in patients who died but gradually increased in survivors. The decrease or increase of PTA preceded that of CFV on the exacerbation or convalescent stage. 4. Hepatic encephalopathy occurred in 14 cases (24.14%). In 10 cases, it occurred in the terminal stage of the illness, far later than the time of the decrease of CFV. 5. The level of CFV was closely related to PTA (the correlation coefficient was 0.812), the level of CFV was almost consistent with that of PTA.CONCLUSION: 1. The level of CFV is an important prognostic indicator in severe hepatitis and is more specific than PTA. 2. Simultaneous determination of CFV and PTA may be helpful in earlier and more accurate diagnosis of severe hepatitis. 3. Possible use of CFV as one of the criteria for liver transplantation in patients with severe hepatitis should be studied.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures', 'Factor V', 'Female', 'Hepatitis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephelometry and Turbidimetry', 'Prognosis', 'Prothrombin', 'Young Adult']
| 15,340,576
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370'], ['D12.776.124.125.300', 'D12.776.811.272', 'D23.119.300'], ['C06.552.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.196.712.650'], ['E01.789'], ['D08.622.709', 'D12.776.124.125.800', 'D12.776.811.243.709', 'D23.119.945'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of aspirin on risks of vascular events and cancer according to bodyweight and dose: analysis of individual patient data from randomised trials.
|
BACKGROUND: A one-dose-fits-all approach to use of aspirin has yielded only modest benefits in long-term prevention of cardiovascular events, possibly due to underdosing in patients of large body size and excess dosing in patients of small body size, which might also affect other outcomes.METHODS: Using individual patient data, we analysed the modifying effects of bodyweight (10 kg bands) and height (10 cm bands) on the effects of low doses (?100 mg) and higher doses (300-325 mg or ?500 mg) of aspirin in randomised trials of aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular events. We stratified the findings by age, sex, and vascular risk factors, and validated them in trials of aspirin in secondary prevention of stroke. Additionally, we assessed whether any weight or height dependence was evident for the effect of aspirin on 20-year risk of colorectal cancer or any in-trial cancer.RESULTS: Among ten eligible trials of aspirin in primary prevention (including 117 279 participants), bodyweight varied four-fold and trial median weight ranged from 60·0 kg to 81·2 kg (p<0·0001). The ability of 75-100 mg aspirin to reduce cardiovascular events decreased with increasing weight (pinteraction=0·0072), with benefit seen in people weighing 50-69 kg (hazard ratio [HR] 0·75 [95% CI 0·65-0·85]) but not in those weighing 70 kg or more (0·95 [0·86-1·04]; 1·09 [0·93-1·29] for vascular death). Furthermore, the case fatality of a first cardiovascular event was increased by low-dose aspirin in people weighing 70 kg or more (odds ratio 1·33 [95% CI 1·08-1·64], p=0·0082). Higher doses of aspirin (?325 mg) had the opposite interaction with bodyweight (difference pinteraction=0·0013), reducing cardiovascular events only at higher weight (pinteraction=0·017). Findings were similar in men and women, in people with diabetes, in trials of aspirin in secondary prevention, and in relation to height (pinteraction=0·0025 for cardiovascular events). Aspirin-mediated reductions in long-term risk of colorectal cancer were also weight dependent (pinteraction=0·038). Stratification by body size also revealed harms due to excess dosing: risk of sudden death was increased by aspirin in people at low weight for dose (pinteraction=0·0018) and risk of all-cause death was increased in people weighing less than 50 kg who were receiving 75-100 mg aspirin (HR 1·52 [95% CI 1·04-2·21], p=0·031). In participants aged 70 years or older, the 3-year risk of cancer was also increased by aspirin (1·20 [1·03-1·47], p=0·02), particularly in those weighing less than 70 kg (1·31 [1·07-1·61], p=0·009) and consequently in women (1·44 [1·11-1·87], p=0·0069).INTERPRETATION: Low doses of aspirin (75-100 mg) were only effective in preventing vascular events in patients weighing less than 70 kg, and had no benefit in the 80% of men and nearly 50% of all women weighing 70 kg or more. By contrast, higher doses of aspirin were only effective in patients weighing 70 kg or more. Given that aspirin's effects on other outcomes, including cancer, also showed interactions with body size, a one-dose-fits-all approach to aspirin is unlikely to be optimal, and a more tailored strategy is required.FUNDING: Wellcome Trust and National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aspirin', 'Body Height', 'Body Weight', 'Cardiovascular Diseases', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Death, Sudden', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Male', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Stroke']
| 30,017,552
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C14'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C23.550.260.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) affects processing of amyloid precursor protein and beta-amyloidogenesis in brain slice cultures derived from transgenic Tg2576 mouse brain.
|
The up-regulation of the angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in brains of Alzheimer patients in close relationship to beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques, suggests a link of VEGF action and processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). To reveal whether VEGF may affect APP processing, brain slices derived from 17-month-old transgenic Tg2576 mice were exposed with 1ng/ml VEGF for 6, 24, and 72h, followed by assessing cytosolic and membrane-bound APP expression, level of both soluble and fibrillar Abeta-peptides, as well as activities of alpha- and beta-secretases in brain slice tissue preparations. Treatment of brain slices with VEGF did not significantly affect the expression level of APP, regardless of the exposure time studied. In contrast, VEGF exposure of brain slices for 6h reduced the formation of soluble, SDS extractable Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42) as compared to brain slice cultures incubated in the absence of any drug, while the fibrillar Abeta peptides did not change significantly. This effect was less pronounced 24h after VEGF exposure, but was no longer detectable when brain slices were exposed by VEGF for 72h, which indicates an adaptive response to chronic VEGF exposure. The VEGF-mediated reduction in Abeta formation was accompanied by a transient decrease in beta-secretase activity peaking 6h after VEGF exposure. To reveal whether the VEGF-induced changes in soluble Abeta-level may be due to actions of VEGF on Abeta fibrillogenesis, the fibrillar status of Abeta was examined using the thioflavin-T binding assay. Incubation of Abeta preparations obtained from Tg2576 mouse brain cortex, in the presence of VEGF slightly decreased the fibrillar content with increasing incubation time up to 72h. The data demonstrate that VEGF may affect APP processing, at least in vitro, suggesting a role of VEGF in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor', 'Animals', 'Biological Assay', 'Brain', 'Down-Regulation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neurons', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'Time Factors', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 19,589,380
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.032'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D12.776.049.407.249', 'D12.776.543.039', 'D12.776.645.468.500', 'D12.776.811.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.091'], ['A08.186.211'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['D12.644.541'], ['C23.300.821'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of different ð-bridge configuration on bi-anchored triphenylamine and phenyl modified triphenylamine based dyes for dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) application: A theoretical approach.
|
Twenty eight bi-anchored triphenylamine (TH-1 to TH-14) and phenyl modified triphenylamine (PH-TH-1 to PH-TH-14) based metal free organic dyes are designed for DSSC application. The electronic effect of different ð-bridge configurations in donor-ð-bridge-acceptor (D-ð-A)2 structure was theoretically simulated and verified using density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The triphenylamine and phenyl modified triphenylamine groups are used as donor and cyanoacrylic acid group is used as acceptor. Thiophene and cyanovinyl groups are used as ð-bridge. The ground state molecular structure was optimized by density functional theory and the electronic absorption spectra were calculated by time dependent density functional theory. The light harvesting efficiency (LHE), dye regeneration energy (ÄGreg) and electron injection energy (ÄGinject) are determined by computational examination. It is observed that, when the number of ð-bridge increases, the band gap of the dye decreases. Also the absorption maximum and molar extinction coefficient of the dyes are increased. Theoretical result shows that the thiophene-cyanovinyl and thiophene-thiophene-cyanovinyl-cyanovinyl configurations give broader and red shifted absorption spectrum compared to other configurations. Also the results of phenyl modified triphenylamine (PH-TH) dyes clearly show better absorption and dye regeneration energy compared to TH dyes.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amines', 'Coloring Agents', 'Electric Power Supplies', 'Models, Molecular', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Molecular Structure', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Thiophenes']
| 29,272,760
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D02.092'], ['D27.720.233'], ['E07.305.124'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.599'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['E05.196.867'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Phase 2 study of sunitinib in patients with metastatic mucosal or acral melanoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with mucosal and acral melanomas have limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Mutations of the KIT oncogene in these melanoma subtypes provide a potential therapeutic target.METHODS: A multicenter phase 2 trial of sunitinib was conducted in patients with unresectable stage III or IV melanoma of a mucosal or acral primary origin. Patients were treated in 2 cohorts: cohort A received sunitinib at a dose of 50 mg daily for 4 weeks of a 6-week cycle, and cohort B received sunitinib at a dose of 37.5 mg daily on a continuous basis. Dose reductions were permitted for treatment-related toxicities, and tumor assessments were performed every 2 months.RESULTS: Fifty-two patients were enrolled: 21 in cohort A and 31 in cohort B. Four patients had confirmed partial responses, which lasted 5 to 10 months (1 with a KIT mutation). In both cohorts, the proportion of patients alive and progression-free at 2 months was 52% (95% confidence interval, 38%-66%); this was significantly larger than the hypothesized null of 5%. There was no significant difference in response or overall survival between the 25% of patients with a KIT mutation and those without one (response rate, 7.7% vs 9.7%; overall survival, 6.4 vs 8.6 months). The overall disease control rate was 44%, and a high rate of toxicity was associated with the treatment.CONCLUSIONS: Sunitinib showed activity in the treatment of mucosal and acral melanoma that was not dependent on the presence of a KIT mutation. However, the medication was poorly tolerated, and there were no prolonged responses. Cancer 2015;121:4007-4015. © 2015 American Cancer Society.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Mucous Membrane', 'Mutation', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit', 'Pyrroles', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Sunitinib']
| 26,264,378
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['A10.615.550'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.050', 'D12.776.543.750.630.124', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.150.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.200.170', 'D12.776.624.664.700.183'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['D03.383.129.578.823', 'D03.633.100.473.877']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Detection of deletions in de novo "balanced" chromosome rearrangements: further evidence for their role in phenotypic abnormalities.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that deletions of varying sizes in de novo apparently balanced chromosome rearrangements are a significant cause of phenotypic abnormalities.METHODS: A total of fifteen patients, with seemingly balanced de novo rearrangements by routine cytogenetic analysis but with phenotypic anomalies, were systematically analyzed. We characterized the breakpoints in these fifteen cases (two of which were ascertained prenatally), using a combination of high-resolution GTG-banding, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), and data from the Human Genome Project.RESULTS: Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the 15 patients revealed nine with deletions, ranging in size from 0.8 to 15.3 Mb, with the number of genes lost ranging from 15 to 70. In five of the other six cases, a known or putative gene(s) was potentially disrupted as a result of the chromosomal rearrangement. In the remaining case, no deletions were detected, and no known genes were apparently disrupted.CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that the use of molecular cytogenetic techniques is a highly effective way of systematically delineating chromosomal breakpoints, and that the presence of deletions of varying size is an important cause of phenotypic abnormalities in patients with "balanced" de novo rearrangements.
|
['Chromosome Banding', 'Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial', 'Chromosomes, Human, X', 'Cytogenetic Analysis', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Gene Rearrangement', 'Human Genome Project', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Male', 'Phenotype', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 15,017,330
|
[['E01.370.225.500.385.130', 'E01.370.225.500.620.670.130', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.130', 'E05.200.500.385.130', 'E05.200.500.620.670.130', 'E05.200.750.600.670.130', 'E05.242.385.130', 'E05.393.285.130'], ['A11.284.187.178.170', 'A11.284.187.190.170', 'A20.812.170', 'G05.360.162.178.170', 'G05.360.162.190.170', 'G05.360.337.249.170'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.680', 'A11.284.187.865.982.500', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.680', 'G05.360.162.865.982.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.385', 'E05.200.500.385', 'E05.242.385', 'E05.393.285'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['G05.344'], ['H01.158.273.180.350.174', 'H01.158.273.343.249.400', 'H01.158.273.343.350.174', 'H01.158.273.343.385.875', 'H01.770.644.145.350.500', 'L01.453.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['G05.695'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ideal or actual body weight to calculate CD34+ cell doses for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?
|
The number of CD34+ cells infused influences hematologic recovery after transplantation. Limited data suggest that cell dose should be based on ideal (IBW) rather than actual (ABW) body weight for autotransplantation, but none in allografts. We compared the correlation between recovery to 0.5 x 10(9)/l neutrophils and the CD34+ cell dose based upon ABW and IBW in 78 allograft recipients. ABW was > or =25% over IBW in 47% of patients. The median CD34+ cell dose was 5.1 x 10(6)/kg IBW and 4.4 x 10(6)/kg ABW. The time to neutrophil recovery was 8-26 days (median 12). There was a stronger inverse correlation between CD34+ cell dose/IBW and neutrophil recovery (r(2)=0.160; P<0.0001) than between CD34+ cell dose/ABW and neutrophil recovery (r(2)=0.138; P=0.001). When neutrophil recovery in patients receiving <3 or <5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg was compared to those receiving > or =3 or > or =5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg, respectively, separately by IBW and ABW, the magnitude and significance of the differences were greater for IBW-based comparisons. These data suggest the CD34+ cell dose based on IBW is a better predictor of neutrophil recovery after allografting. Further work in a larger, more homogeneous group of patients is required to confirm this observation.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Antigens, CD34', 'Body Weight', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Leukemia', 'Lymphoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neutrophils', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Transplantation, Homologous']
| 14,647,242
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.936.864']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Granuloma faciale.
|
The development of our present knowledge of granuloma faciale is summarized, and the clinical picture, absence of systemic illness, and distinct histopathologic features are briefly described. The differential diagnoses are noted, and the fact that the histopathologic features can almost always readily confirm the diagnosis of granuloma faciale is pointed out. A patient with eighteen individual lesions on the face in whom response of several lesions to intralesional triamcinolone occurred is presented.
|
['Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Facial Dermatoses', 'Female', 'Granuloma', 'Humans', 'Skin', 'Triamcinolone']
| 884,962
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['C17.800.271'], ['C15.604.515.292', 'C23.550.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A17.815'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.915', 'D04.210.500.908.891']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Concentrative nucleoside transporter (rCNT1) is targeted to the apical membrane through the hepatic transcytotic pathway.
|
The Na+-dependent nucleoside transporter CNT1 has been identified in a caveolin-enriched plasma membrane fraction (CEF), in transcytotic endosomes, and in canalicular membranes isolated from quiescent rat liver in which the transporter appears to be biologically active. CNT1 was also detected, albeit in small amounts, in the early/sorting endosomes. Plasma membrane preparations enriched in basolateral markers showed Na+-dependent nucleoside transport activity that is mostly, if not exclusively, accounted for by CNT2, a transporter protein which was not detected in CEF nor in the endosomal fractions. These data are consistent with different localization and trafficking pathways of the two isoforms in hepatocytes. CNT1 is the first transporter which is reported to follow the transcytotic pathway to be inserted on the apical side of liver parenchymal cells.
|
['Animals', 'Biological Transport, Active', 'Blotting, Western', 'Caveolae', 'Cell Membrane', 'Endosomes', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Hepatocytes', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Purine Nucleosides', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 12,441,131
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.310'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.284.149.165.175.160', 'A11.284.149.165.570.160', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.180.160'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.880.337'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['A11.436.348'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D12.776.800'], ['D03.633.100.759.590', 'D13.570.583'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in rodent models of leptin resistance.
|
OBJECTIVE: Obesity in rodents and humans is mostly associated with elevated plasma leptin concentrations, suggesting a new pathological concept of 'leptin resistance'. We have demonstrated that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can improve obesity and diabetes of C57BL/KsJ db/db (db/db) mice. In this study, we investigated whether or not BDNF is effective in two different models of leptin resistance, an acquired model and a genetic model.DESIGN: C57BL/6J mice rendered obese by consumption of a high-fat diet (diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice) were used as an acquired model and lethal yellow agouti mice (KKA(y) mice) as a genetic model of leptin resistance. Food intake and glucose metabolism were studied after acute or repetitive administration of BDNF.RESULTS: Intraperitoneal administration of BDNF (10 mg/kg, twice/day) significantly reduced cumulative food intake of DIO and KKA(y) mice, whereas they were unresponsive to leptin administration. Repetitive subcutaneous administration of BDNF (10 mg/kg daily for 6 days) reduced food intake and improved impaired glucose tolerance in DIO mice. Pair feeding of vehicle-treated DIO mice with the same amount of chow consumed by the BDNF-treated group did not improve the impaired glucose homeostasis, indicating that the antidiabetic effect is not due to decreased food intake. We also observed that BDNF is effective in improving obesity and diabetes of KKA(y) mice.CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated antiobesity and antidiabetic effects of BDNF in two different models of leptin resistance, thereby suggesting the therapeutic potential of BDNF in the treatment of leptin-resistant obesity and diabetes.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Drug Evaluation, Preclinical', 'Drug Resistance', 'Eating', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Insulin', 'Leptin', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Obesity']
| 12,704,399
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['E05.290.750', 'E05.337.550'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D06.472.699.042.500', 'D12.644.276.024.500', 'D12.644.548.011.500', 'D12.776.467.024.500', 'D23.529.024.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy by continuous hemodynamic monitoring:.
|
We report the case of a 55-year-old male patient with severe congestive heart failure in whom both a hemodynamic monitor and a biventricular pacemaker were implanted. The potential usefulness of the monitor to optimize AV delay and heart rate was prospectively evaluated. The AV delay associated with the lowest filling pressures recorded by the monitor was similar to the optimal AV delay as determined by standard echocardiography. Heart rates >70 beats/min acutely improved hemodynamics but were not tolerated when programmed chronically. This case illustrates that continuous hemodynamic monitoring may offer a useful tool for device tuning and treatment monitoring in cardiac resynchronization therapy.
|
['Blood Pressure Determination', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Electrocardiography', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality Control', 'Therapy, Computer-Assisted', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 15,028,081
|
[['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['E02.331.200'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E02.950', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2).
|
Streptomyces coelicolor is a representative of the group of soil-dwelling, filamentous bacteria responsible for producing most natural antibiotics used in human and veterinary medicine. Here we report the 8,667,507 base pair linear chromosome of this organism, containing the largest number of genes so far discovered in a bacterium. The 7,825 predicted genes include more than 20 clusters coding for known or predicted secondary metabolites. The genome contains an unprecedented proportion of regulatory genes, predominantly those likely to be involved in responses to external stimuli and stresses, and many duplicated gene sets that may represent 'tissue-specific' isoforms operating in different phases of colonial development, a unique situation for a bacterium. An ancient synteny was revealed between the central 'core' of the chromosome and the whole chromosome of pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The genome sequence will greatly increase our understanding of microbial life in the soil as well as aiding the generation of new drug candidates by genetic engineering.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'Corynebacterium diphtheriae', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genes, Duplicate', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Genomics', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Protein Isoforms', 'Streptomyces', 'Synteny']
| 12,000,953
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['B03.510.024.250.150', 'B03.510.460.400.400.200.150'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.250'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['D12.776.800'], ['B03.300.390.400.810.768', 'B03.510.024.997.775', 'B03.510.415.400.810.768', 'B03.510.460.410.810.768'], ['G02.111.810.550.830', 'G05.810.550.830']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Emotional distress in doctors: sources, effects and help sought.
|
All doctors in a London Teaching Hospital were sent a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire, to study past episodes of emotional distress. We inquired about frequency of past and current emotional distress, sources of distress, effects on work and home life, type of help sought and perceived outcome of that help. Of 320 doctors, 210 (66%) responded. One hundred and forty-one (68%) reported previous episodes of moderate or severe emotional distress. Logistic regression revealed that distress was significantly more common in younger doctors and in women. Many respondents reported work problems as causing their distress and work was frequently adversely affected by episodes of distress. Professional help was rarely sought; non-professional help was from family and friends. Current emotional distress was related to a history of past distress, especially among the most junior doctors. We conclude that past emotional distress is reported by most doctors, with work pressures an important contributing factor. Doctors do not appear to use available sources of professional help. Our findings confirm that doctors have difficulty disclosing psychological problems. Specific programmes aimed at prevention and management of distress in doctors need to be initiated and evaluated.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Emotions', 'Humans', 'London', 'Medical Staff, Hospital', 'Mental Health', 'Middle Aged', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Workload']
| 1,433,036
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['F01.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['M01.526.485.630.490', 'M01.526.485.740.422', 'N02.360.630.490', 'N02.360.740.422'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C24'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['I03.946.225.500', 'N04.452.677.650.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
C/EBPâ is involved in the amplification of early granulocyte precursors during candidemia-induced "emergency" granulopoiesis.
|
Granulopoiesis is tightly regulated to meet host demands during both "steady-state" and "emergency" situations, such as infections. The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein â (C/EBPâ) plays critical roles in emergency granulopoiesis, but the precise developmental stages in which C/EBPâ is required are unknown. In this study, a novel flow cytometric method was developed that successfully dissected mouse bone marrow cells undergoing granulopoiesis into five distinct subpopulations (#1-5) according to their levels of c-Kit and Ly-6G expression. After the induction of candidemia, rapid mobilization of mature granulocytes and an increase in early granulocyte precursors accompanied by cell cycle acceleration was followed by a gradual increase in granulocytes originating from the immature populations. Upon infection, C/EBPâ was upregulated at the protein level in all the granulopoietic subpopulations. The rapid increase in immature subpopulations #1 and #2 observed in C/EBPâ knockout mice at 1 d postinfection was attenuated. Candidemia-induced cell cycle acceleration and proliferation of hematopoietic stem/progenitors were also impaired. Taken together, these data suggest that C/EBPâ is involved in the efficient amplification of early granulocyte precursors during candidemia-induced emergency granulopoiesis.
|
['Animals', 'CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta', 'Candidemia', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Amplification', 'Granulocytes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Myeloid Progenitor Cells', 'Time Factors']
| 23,024,276
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.260.108.124.750', 'D12.776.660.167.750', 'D12.776.930.127.124.750'], ['C01.150.703.160.175.500', 'C01.150.703.492.500.500', 'C01.757.360.150', 'C23.550.470.790.500.360.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['A11.118.637.415', 'A11.148.350', 'A11.627.340', 'A15.145.229.637.415', 'A15.378.316.340', 'A15.382.490.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['A11.148.378.590', 'A11.627.635', 'A11.872.378.590', 'A15.378.316.378.590'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tuning the bioactivity of bone morphogenetic protein-2 with surface immobilization strategies.
|
Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) involved therapy is of great potential for bone regeneration. However, its clinical application is restricted due to the undesirable bioactivity and relevant complications in vivo. Immobilization of recombinant BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) is an efficient strategy to mimic natural microenvironment and retain its bioactivity. Herein, we present evidences indicating that osteoinductive capacity of rhBMP-2 can be regulated via variant immobilizing approaches. Three representative superficial immobilizing models were employed to fabricate rhBMP-2-immobilized surfaces including physical adsorption (Au/rhBMP-2), covalent grafting (rhBMP-2-SAM-Au) and heparin binding (Hep-SAM-Au/rhBMP-2) (SAM: self-assembled monolayer). Loading capacity, releasing behavior, osteogenic differentiation and signaling pathways involved, as well as the cellular recognition of rhBMP-2 under various immobilization modes were systematically investigated. As a result, disparate immobilizing approaches not only have effects on loading capacity, but also lead to disparity of osteoinduction at the same dosage. Notably, heparin could reinforce the recognition between rhBMP-2 and its receptors (BMPRs) whereas weaken its binding to its antagonist Noggin. Owing to this "selective" binding feature, the favorable osteoinduction and maximum ectopic bone formation can be achieved with the heparin-binding approach. In particular, manipulation of orientation-mediated BMP-2-cell recognition efficiency may be a potential target to design more therapeutic efficient rhBMP-2 delivery system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is crucial in bone regeneration. However, its clinical application is challenged due to its shorten half-life and supra-physiological dose associated complications. In this study, three representative superficial immobilizing patterns were fabricated through physical adsorption, covalent grafting and electrostatic interaction with heparin respectively. We provided evidences indicating an dose-dependent osteoinductive capacity of immobilized BMP-2. Further, a possible mechanism of rhBMP-2-cell recognition at the interface was presented, highlighting the superior effect of heparin on rhBMP-2 bioactivity. Finally, We proposed a dual mechanism of tuning the bioactivity of immobilized rhBMP-2 through surface immobilization approaches: regulation of the saturated loading capacity and orientation-mediated rhBMP-2-cell recognition. These results provide novel insights into designing criterion of efficient delivery vehicle for rhBMP-2.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Drug Liberation', 'Gold', 'Heparin', 'Immobilized Proteins', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Osteogenesis', 'Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Surface Properties', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta']
| 30,218,780
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['D12.644.276.954.200.200', 'D12.776.467.942.200.200', 'D23.529.942.200.200'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G02.211', 'G03.787.321', 'G07.690.725.321'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D12.776.463'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['D02.241.511.459.450.500', 'D05.750.728.780.500', 'D25.720.728.780.500', 'J01.637.051.720.728.780.500'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.860'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lithium carbonate and granulocyte production: dose optimization.
|
To determine the optimal dose of lithium for inducing granulocytosis, the authors administered lithium carbonate to normal volunteers at five dose levels. The authors performed assessments of circulating and marginated blood pools of granulocytes and of marrow reserve granulocytes to confirm that the early granulocytosis following lithium administration is due to increased granulocyte production rather than redistribution. At 300 mg/day and 600 mg/day, lithium had no significant effect on granulocyte production. Doses of 900, 1200, and 1500 mg/day, corresponding to lithium levels of 0.55 to 1.50 mEq/liter, were associated with increased granulocyte production. Within this therapeutic range, no correlation between lithium level and granulocyte production was demonstrated. This study suggests that any lithium dose which achieves a lithium level of greater than 0.55 mEq/liter, i.e., doses greater than or equal to 900 mg/day, is adequate to induce granulocytosis. While lithium did not increase platelet production, doses of 900 mg/day to 1500 mg/day were associated with decreased bleeding times.
|
['Adult', 'Bleeding Time', 'Blood Platelets', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epinephrine', 'Granulocytes', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Leukocytosis', 'Lithium', 'Lithium Carbonate', 'Time Factors']
| 6,796,251
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.625.625.100', 'E05.200.625.625.100', 'G09.188.087'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.033.100.291.310', 'D02.092.063.291.310', 'D02.092.211.215.454', 'D02.092.311.461', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.461'], ['A11.118.637.415', 'A11.148.350', 'A11.627.340', 'A15.145.229.637.415', 'A15.378.316.340', 'A15.382.490.315'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['C15.378.553.475', 'C23.550.526'], ['D01.268.549.450', 'D01.268.557.290', 'D01.552.528.480', 'D01.552.547.290'], ['D01.045.125.500', 'D01.200.275.150.550', 'D01.510.475'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Salivary habituation to food stimuli in successful weight loss maintainers, obese and normal-weight adults.
|
OBJECTIVE: Research shows that slower habituation of salivary responses to food stimuli is related to greater energy intake and that obese (Ob) individuals habituate slower than those of normal weight (NW). No study has examined habituation rates in weight loss maintainers (WLMs) who have reduced from obese to normal weight, relative to those who are Ob or NW.DESIGN: Salivation to two baseline water trials and 10 lemon-flavored lollipop trials were studied in 14 WLMs, 15 Ob and 18 NW individuals comparable in age, gender and ethnicity. Linear mixed models were used to compare WLMs with Ob and NW groups.RESULTS: Salivation in the WLM and NW groups decreased significantly (for both P <0.005) across trials, indicative of habituation. Salivary responses in the Ob group did not habituate (P=0.46). When compared with Ob group, WLMs showed a quicker reduction in salivation (P<0.05). WLM and NW groups did not differ in habituation rate (P=0.49).CONCLUSIONS: WLMs have habituation rates that are comparable to NW individuals without previous history of obesity, and show quicker habituation than those who are currently obese. These results suggest that physiological responses to food may 'normalize' with successful weight loss maintenance.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Body Weight', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Food', 'Habituation, Psychophysiologic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Salivation', 'Satiation', 'Weight Loss']
| 20,010,900
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['F02.463.425.393', 'F02.830.422', 'G11.561.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['G07.203.650.250.800', 'G10.261.190.800'], ['F02.830.749'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Metoclopramide given pre-operatively empties the stomach.
|
Sixty adult patients admitted for emergency major orthopedic surgery were studied according to a double-blind, randomized design in order to evaluate if a single dose of 20 mg metoclopramide given intravenously at least 90 min before premedication could evacuate the stomach before anesthesia. Three patients were excluded. X-ray examination following intake of barium sulfate before anesthesia showed 10 patients with a full stomach, all belonging to the placebo group. This study demonstrates significantly fewer (P less than 0.002) patients with a full stomach before anesthesia after metoclopramide, indicating that administration of metoclopramide reduces the risk of aspiration of gastric contents to the lungs during anesthesia.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Evaluation', 'Female', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metoclopramide', 'Middle Aged', 'Pneumonia, Aspiration', 'Preanesthetic Medication', 'Radiography', 'Random Allocation', 'Stomach']
| 3,993,321
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E05.290.625', 'E05.337.425'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.277.573', 'D02.241.223.100.050.500.647', 'D02.241.223.100.100.510', 'D02.241.223.100.200.750', 'D02.241.223.100.300.350.625', 'D02.241.511.390.350.625', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.937.647', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.085.510', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.250.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.350.625', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.638.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.748.610.529', 'C08.381.677.529', 'C08.730.610.529'], ['E03.806', 'E04.604.750.619'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rubrimonas shengliensis sp. nov. and Polymorphum gilvum gen. nov., sp. nov., novel members of Alphaproteobacteria from crude oil contaminated saline soil.
|
Four bacterial strains were isolated from a crude oil contaminated saline soil in Shengli Oilfield, China. Strains SL014B-28A2(T) and SL014B-80A1 were most closely related to Rubrimonas cliftonensis OCh 317(T), while strains SL003B-26A1(T) and SL003B-26A2 were most closely related to but readily different from the species in the Pannonibacter-Labrenzia-Roseibium-Stappia cluster. The major fatty acids were C(18:1)ù7c, C(16:0), C(18:0) and 11-Methyl C(18:1)ù7c, and C(18:1)ù7c, 11-Methyl C(18:1)ù7c and C(18:0), respectively, for these two groups of isolates. Q-10 was the predominant ubiquinone. The G+C contents of genomic DNA of the four isolates were 67.9, 69.7, 65.6 and 65.6 mol%. Based on the polyphasic taxonomic characteristics, strains SL014B-28A2(T) and SL014B-80A1 represented a novel species of the genus Rubrimonas, for which the name Rubrimonas shengliensis sp. nov. is proposed, with strain SL014B-28A2(T) (=LMG 26072(T)=CGMCC 1.9170(T)) as the type strain. Isolates SL003B-26A1(T) and SL003B-26A2 represented a novel genus and species of the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Polymorphum gilvum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with strain SL003B-26A1(T) (=LMG 25793(T)=CGMCC 1.9160(T)) as the type strain.
|
['Base Composition', 'China', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Fatty Acids', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Genes, rRNA', 'Lipids', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Rhodobacteraceae', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Ubiquinone']
| 21,600,718
|
[['G02.111.080'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D10.251'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645.750'], ['D10'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['B03.660.050.750'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D02.806.250.900', 'D08.211.935']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Analysis of biologically active compounds in water by ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
|
A new method based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry ((Q-ToF)-MS) was developed for the analysis of 32 biologically active compounds including anti-inflammatories, analgesics, lipid regulators, psychiatric drugs, anti-ulcer agents, antibiotics, beta-blockers and phytoestrogens. This new method allows chromatographic analysis in 14 min, with instrumental detection limits from 2 to 84 pg, and limits of quantification ranging from 0.1 to 15 ng/L in tap water, and from 2 to 300 ng/L in wastewater. The potential of liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC/QqQ-MS) was compared with that of UPLC/(Q-ToF)-MS for the analysis of biologically active compounds in water samples. LC/Q-ToF provides accurate mass information and a significantly higher mass resolution than quadrupole analyzers. The available mass resolution of ToF instruments diminishes the problem of isobaric interferences and helps the analysis of trace compounds in complex samples. In this work UPLC/Q-ToF chromatograms were recorded containing full scan spectral data. The m/z values of analytes were extracted from the total ion chromatogram (TIC) and the accurate masses of the compounds were obtained. In addition, to increase the selectivity of ToF measurements a narrow accurate mass interval (20 m m/z units mass window) was used to reconstruct the chromatographic traces. However, regarding quantitative performance in terms of dynamic range and limits of detection (LODs), typical LODs achieved by QqQ instruments operating in multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) mode ranged from 1 to 50 ng/L in wastewater, and the linear response for QqQ instruments generally covers three orders of magnitude. This is an important advantage over ToF instruments and one of the reasons why QqQ instruments are widely used in quantitative environmental analysis.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Indicators and Reagents', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Phytoestrogens', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sewage', 'Water', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 18,050,241
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D27.720.470.410'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D26'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277.540.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
NK1.1+ CD4+ CD8- thymocytes with specific lymphokine secretion.
|
CD4+8- or CD4-8+ thymocytes have been regarded as direct progenitors of peripheral T cells. However, recently, we have found a novel NK1.1+ subpopulation with skewed T cell antigen receptor (TcR) V beta family among heat-stable antigen negative (HSA-) CD4+8- thymocytes. In the present study, we show that these NK1.1+ CD4+8- thymocytes, which represent a different lineage from the major NK1.1- CD4+8- thymocytes or CD4+ lymph node T cells, vigorously secrete interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma upon stimulation with immobilized anti-TcR-alpha beta antibody. On the other hand, neither NK1.1- CD4+8- thymocytes nor CD4+ lymph node T cells produced substantial amounts of these lymphokines. A similar pattern of lymphokine secretion was observed with the NK1.1+ CD4+T cells obtained from bone marrow. The present findings elucidate the recent observations that HSA- CD4+8- thymocytes secrete a variety of lymphokines including IFN-gamma, IL-4, IL-5 and IL-10 before the CD4+8- thymocytes are exported from thymus. Our evidence indicates that NK1.1+ CD4+8- thymocytes are totally responsible for the specific lymphokine secretions observed in the HSA- CD4+8- thymocytes.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens', 'Antigens, Ly', 'Antigens, Surface', 'CD3 Complex', 'CD4 Antigens', 'CD8 Antigens', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-2', 'Interleukin-4', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Lymphokines', 'Mice', 'NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B', 'Proteins', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 8,419,184
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['D23.050.301.264.920', 'D23.101.100.920'], ['D23.050.301'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.095', 'D23.101.100.894.095'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.810.500', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.025', 'D23.050.301.264.894.100', 'D23.101.100.894.100'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.108', 'D23.101.100.894.108'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.895.800.200'], ['D12.776'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stepping stones in the electron transport from cells to electrodes in Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilms.
|
Geobacter sulfurreducens bacteria grow on biofilms and have the particular ability of using polarized electrodes as the final electron acceptor of their respiratory chain. In these biofilms, electrons are transported through distances of more than 50 ìm before reaching the electrode. The way in which electrons are transported across the biofilm matrix through such large distances remains under intense discussion. None of the two mechanisms proposed for explaining the process, electron hopping through outer membrane cytochromes and metallic like conduction through conductive PilA filaments, can account for all the experimental evidence collected so far. Aiming at providing new elements for understanding the basis for electron transport, in this perspective article we present a modelled structure of Geobacter pilus. Its analysis in combination with already existing experimental evidence gives support to the proposal of the "stepping stone" mechanism, in which the combined action of pili and cytochromes allows long range electron transport through the biofilm.
|
['Biofilms', 'Cytochromes', 'Electrodes', 'Electron Transport', 'Fimbriae, Bacterial', 'Geobacter']
| 23,698,325
|
[['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D08.244', 'D12.776.422.220'], ['E07.305.250'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['A11.284.180.285', 'A20.843'], ['B03.440.425.410.430', 'B03.660.125.305']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Satellite cells in the normal human adrenal gland and in pheochromocytomas. An immunohistochemical study.
|
In light of the recent finding of the S-100 antigen in satellite cells of the rat adrenal medulla, we looked for S-100-labelled cells in both the normal human adrenal medulla and in pheochromocytomas. Immunostaining enabled us to detect S-100-labelled satellite cells by both light and electron microscopy in a significant number of pheochromocytomas and, as expected, in the normal human adrenal medulla.
|
['Adrenal Gland Neoplasms', 'Adrenal Medulla', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Techniques', 'Pheochromocytoma', 'S100 Proteins']
| 2,862,732
|
[['C04.588.322.078', 'C19.053.347', 'C19.344.078'], ['A06.300.071.265'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700.725', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700.725'], ['D12.776.157.125.750', 'D12.776.631.655']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Resonance Raman studies of acetylheme-reconstituted myoglobins. Characterization of 2- versus 4-substituent/protein interactions.
|
Resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for the deoxy, oxy, and metcyano species of sperm whale myoglobin (Mb) reconstituted with deuteroheme, 2-acetyldeuteroheme, 4-acetyldeuteroheme, and 2,4-diacetyldeuteroheme. The functional inequivalence of the 2- and 4-positions of the heme moiety is manifested in the vibrational frequencies of the carbonyl and certain heme skeletal modes. The RR data indicate that the protein influences the porphyrin pi-system primarily through the 2-substituent. In the deoxy Mbs, the 2-acetyl group is more conjugated into the pi-macrocycle than the 4-acetyl group. In the ligated Mbs, the extent of conjugation of the 2-group is less than in the deoxy forms. This result indicates that ligand binding differentially alters the pi-electronic structure for 2- vs 4-substituted systems. The proximal histidine-iron stretching vibration of all four deoxy Mbs occurs at 222 +/- 1 cm-1, which indicates that the substituent-induced changes in the pi-electronic structure do not result in large changes of the electron density in the axial ligand bonds. RR spectra recorded immediately after heme reconstitution indicate the presence of two inequivalent forms of the protein. 1H NMR spectroscopy indicates that these two forms are the normal and reversed heme orientational isomers previously described by La Mar and co-workers [La Mar, G.N., Budd, D.L., Viscio, D.B., Smith, K.M., & Langry, K.C. (1978) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 75, 5755-5759]. The RR spectra demonstrate that in the deoxy species the 2-acetyl group of the normal form is conjugated into the macrocycle to approximately the same extent as the 4-acetyl group of the reversed form and vice versa.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Deuterium', 'Heme', 'Kinetics', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Myoglobin', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 3,442,657
|
[['D01.268.406.500', 'D01.362.340.500', 'D01.496.289'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of a novel p53 mutation in JCV-induced mouse medulloblastoma.
|
Medulloblastoma, a malignant invasive tumor of the cerebellum, is one of the most common neoplasms of the nervous system in children. Utilization of the human neurotropic virus JC virus (JCV) early gene T-antigen allowed the development of a transgenic animal that models human medulloblastoma. Here we describe the characterization of two distinct populations of cells derived from the JCV-induced mouse medulloblastoma. Results from immunohistochemical and biochemical studies revealed the expression of T-antigen in some but not all tumor cells. In T-antigen-producing cells, T-antigen was found in association with wild-type p53 and pRb, two tumor suppressors that control cell growth and differentiation. In cells that lack expression of T-antigen, a novel mutant p53 with a deletion between residues 35 and 123 was detected. Morphological differences were observed between the two populations of cells, though there was no significant difference in their growth rates. However, subcutaneous transplantation of the T-antigen-positive, but not T-antigen-negative, cells resulted in the development of massive tumors in experimental animals. In light of earlier reports on the association of JCV with human medulloblastoma, the mouse cell lines described in this study may provide a valuable tool for deciphering the pathways involved in the formation and progression of medulloblastoma.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming', 'Cerebellar Neoplasms', 'Cerebellum', 'Humans', 'JC Virus', 'Medulloblastoma', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Mutation', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 10,936,089
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.624.664.520.090', 'D12.776.964.700.090', 'D23.050.285.062.090', 'D23.050.327.062.090'], ['C04.588.614.250.195.411.211', 'C10.228.140.211.500.200', 'C10.228.140.252.200', 'C10.551.240.250.400.300'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.400', 'B04.613.204.670.615.400'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.465.625.600.590.500', 'C04.557.470.670.380.515', 'C04.557.470.670.590.500', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.515', 'C04.557.580.625.600.590.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['G05.365.590'], ['A11.251.860'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structures and antioxidant and intestinal disaccharidase inhibitory activities of A-type proanthocyanidins from peanut skin.
|
Nine compounds including a new A-type proanthocyanidin trimer, epicatechin-(2â?O?7,4â?8)-[catechin-(6?4â)]-epicatechin (8), and a known trimer, epicatechin-(4â?8)-epicatechin-(2â?O?7,4â?8)-catechin (9), being reported for peanut skin for the first time, were isolated and purified. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and by degradation reactions with L-cysteine in acidic conditions. The DPPH radical scavenging activity and the inhibitory activity on maltase and sucrase of the isolated compounds were investigated. All compounds showed strong DPPH scavenging activities (EC₅₀ < 20 ìg/mL). Compound 8 showed the strongest inhibitory activity on maltase with an IC₅₀ value of 0.088 mg/mL, while compound 9 exhibited the strongest inhibition on sucrase with an IC₅₀ value of 0.091 mg/mL.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Arachis', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Intestines', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plant Extracts', 'Proanthocyanidins', 'Seeds', 'Sucrase', 'alpha-Glucosidases']
| 23,971,511
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.077'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D27.505.519.389.320', 'D27.505.696.422.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.700', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.700', 'D05.750.078.937.429'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['D08.811.277.450.329.738'], ['D08.811.277.450.420.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Changes in thromboelastogram in women on hormonal contraception].
|
The authors have analysed changes in the thromboelastogram in 411 women on oral contraceptives and in 31 women on no hormonal contraception. Comparing the results they found no statistically significant differences because the control group was too small. In the group of women on hormonal contraception, statistically significant differences were recorded in those women whose thromboelastogram was analysed several times, the differences having been more pronounced in the women that had used hormonal contraceptives for a longer time. As the appearance of thrombo-embolic complications is a very complex process, the authors' opinion is that thromboelastogram cannot be considered as a routine method for predicting these complications.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Coagulation Disorders', 'Contraceptives, Oral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Thrombelastography', 'Thromboembolism', 'Time Factors']
| 1,027,924
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C15.378.100'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.210', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.625.115.830', 'E05.200.625.115.830'], ['C14.907.355.590'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of protest zeros on estimates of willingness to pay in healthcare contingent valuation analysis.
|
'Protest zeros' occur when respondents reject some aspect of the contingent valuation (CV) market scenario by reporting a zero value even though they place a positive value on the amenity being valued. This is inevitable even in the best-designed CV study, and, when excluded on an ad hoc basis, may cause a selection bias problem. This could affect the reliability of the willingness to pay (WTP) estimates obtained for preference assessment. Treatment of 'protest zeros' in general, and particularly in the context of developing countries, has been rather unsatisfactory. Most case studies employ the Heckman 2-step approach, which is much less robust to co-linearity problems than the Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) estimator. The main objective of this article is to illustrate a sequential procedure to simultaneously deal with co-linearity and selectivity bias resulting from excluding 'protest zeros' in CV analysis. The sequential procedure involves different levels of estimation and diagnostics with the 2-step and FIML estimators; the duration of the procedure depends on the diagnostic test results at each stage of the estimations. The data used for the analysis were elicited using the conventional dichotomous choice buttressed with an open-ended follow-up question. The survey was designed to elicit households' WTP for a proposed community-based malaria control scheme in rural Cameroon. In the application context, we found that the different levels of estimation and diagnostics resulted in reliable WTP estimates from the FIML approach, which would obviously have been overlooked in the absence of such diagnostics.
|
['Adult', 'Antimalarials', 'Cameroon', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Female', 'Game Theory', 'Health Expenditures', 'Humans', 'Insect Control', 'Interviews as Topic', 'Malaria', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Econometric', 'Young Adult']
| 20,578,778
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100.085'], ['Z01.058.290.100.110'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['G17.388'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.425'], ['E05.318.308.420', 'L01.399.250.520', 'N05.715.360.300.400', 'N06.850.520.308.420'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.600.500', 'E05.599.835.890.500', 'N05.715.360.750.530.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.500.600.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interaction of type IV collagen with the isolated integrins alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 2 beta 1.
|
The triple-helical cyanogen-bromide-derived fragment CB3[IV] of collagen IV, located 100 nm from the N-terminus of the molecule, contains the binding sites for the integrins alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 2 beta 1. To investigate the interaction of these integrins and collagen IV, we performed solid-phase and inhibition assays using as receptor isolated alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 2 beta 1. The ligands used were the binding-site-bearing trimeric peptide CB3[IV] and its shorter tryptic fragments F1-F4. Using titration curves, in which the binding of soluble receptors to coated ligands and the binding of soluble ligands to coated receptors were analyzed, the binding sites for alpha 1 beta 1 and alpha 2 beta 1 were in different but adjacent areas of CB3[IV]. Triple-helical conformation and distinct primary structures were required for the interaction. Dissociation constants (Kd), for the affinity of integrins for collagen IV, were determined in the 1-nM range in the presence of Mn2+ and Mg2+. In the absence of Mn2+, the Kd values indicated a 30-60-fold decrease in the affinities, which for alpha 2 beta 1 was further reduced by adding Ca2+. In the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ the affinity of collagen IV for alpha 1 beta 1 was four-times higher than for alpha 2 beta 1.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Collagen', 'Humans', 'Integrins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Structure, Secondary']
| 8,344,274
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Optogenetic characterization methods overcome key challenges in synthetic and systems biology.
|
Systems biologists aim to understand how organism-level processes, such as differentiation and multicellular development, are encoded in DNA. Conversely, synthetic biologists aim to program systems-level biological processes, such as engineered tissue growth, by writing artificial DNA sequences. To achieve their goals, these groups have adapted a hierarchical electrical engineering framework that can be applied in the forward direction to design complex biological systems or in the reverse direction to analyze evolved networks. Despite much progress, this framework has been limited by an inability to directly and dynamically characterize biological components in the varied contexts of living cells. Recently, two optogenetic methods for programming custom gene expression and protein localization signals have been developed and used to reveal fundamentally new information about biological components that respond to those signals. This basic dynamic characterization approach will be a major enabling technology in synthetic and systems biology.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'DNA', 'Electricity', 'Electrons', 'Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Light', 'Optogenetics', 'Signal Transduction', 'Synthetic Biology', 'Systems Biology', 'ras Proteins']
| 24,937,068
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G01.358.500.249'], ['G01.249.335', 'G01.358.500.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.249', 'D12.644.360.450.169', 'D12.776.476.450.169'], ['G05.308'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.393.667'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['H01.158.273.904', 'J01.293.069.500'], ['H01.158.273.180.800'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500', 'D12.644.360.525.500', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500', 'D12.776.476.525.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Higher temperatures increase developmental rate & reduce body size at hatching in the small-eyed skate Raja microocellata: implications for exploitation of an elasmobranch in warming seas.
|
Effects of temperature on development of Raja microocellata was tested by maintaining embryos in controlled conditions representative of those predicted under current climate scenarios. There was a positive relationship between size of neonates & developmental rate: temperatures 14.5-16.5°C produced skates 3.5-7%, respectively, smaller than those raised at 12.5°C. Developmental rates were also 12-23% faster, with neonates hatching 3-7 weeks earlier.
|
['Adaptation, Biological', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Body Size', 'Female', 'Hot Temperature', 'Male', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Seawater', 'Skates, Fish']
| 31,049,955
|
[['G16.012'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160', 'E05.041.124.160', 'G07.100.100.160', 'G07.345.249.314'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.370.870', 'B01.050.150.900.493.378.682']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity: a cause of syncope in patients with tumors of the head and neck.
|
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity secondary to the presence of an underlying head and neck cancer has only recently been discussed in the literature. We present seven cases of carotid sinus hypersensitivity, each with paroxysmal bradycardia and hypotension associated both with and without palpation of the carotid bifucation. A discussion of the anatomy and the etiology of the hypersensitivity is given. Currently available therapeutic modalities are discussed in regard to their efficacy in this study. Carotid sinus hypersensitivity secondary to tumor in the neck is most often vasodilatory in nature and hence does not respond well to transvenous pacemaker. The best treatment for severe hypersensitivity appears to be periarteriectomy or intracranial nerve root section. Radiation therapy is occasionally beneficial.
|
['Aged', 'Bradycardia', 'Carotid Artery Diseases', 'Carotid Sinus', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Hypotension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Syncope']
| 6,621,227
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.280.067.319', 'C23.550.073.300'], ['C10.228.140.300.200', 'C14.907.253.123'], ['A07.015.114.186.456'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.514'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Periungual capillaroscopy patterns in normal children].
|
In children as well as in adults, capillaroscopy is an unsophisticated and non invasive technique which allows to investigate vascular acrosyndromes and systemic diseases. We have studied nailfold capillaroscopy patterns in 80 children without over vascular or systemic disease: pericapillary halos and haemorrhages increased with age and capillaries matured towards the typical hair pin structure seen in adults. The number of minor dystrophies increased with age and the venous subpapillary plexuses became less easily visible.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Capillaries', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Dermatomyositis', 'Fingers', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic', 'Nails', 'Radiography', 'Reference Values', 'Scleroderma, Systemic', 'Time Factors']
| 1,610,272
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.461.165'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C05.651.594.819.500', 'C10.668.491.562.575.500', 'C17.300.250', 'C17.800.185'], ['A01.378.800.667.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C17.300.480', 'C20.111.590'], ['A17.600'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.978.810'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Protein quality and quantity influence free amino acid levels in the brain and serum of rats during lactation.
|
Diets containing 11 or 21% protein supplied by wheat, wheat + lysine + threonine or casein + methionine were fed to pregnant rats from conception until d 4 or 8 of lactation. Dams then were decapitated, serum was collected and brains and left inguinal-abdominal mammary glands were quickly excised and weighed. Serum and brains were frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -70 degrees C. Free amino acids in either serum or brain were not significantly different on d 8 as compared with d 4 of lactation. Increasing dietary protein quality or quantity increased concentrations of most essential amino acids in serum and brain. Changes in the concentrations of nonessential amino acids in serum or brain associated with increases in protein quality or quantity were variable. For all 16 amino acids measured, brain free amino acids were highly correlated with serum levels. In this experiment, pup growth varied from 0.3 g/d for the offspring of dams fed 11% wheat to 1.4 g/d for the offspring of dams fed 21% wheat + lysine + threonine. Concentrations of lysine and threonine in the brain were more than twice as high under the latter as compared with the former condition, but differences in all other amino acids among the dietary groups were small, ranging from -20% for glycine to +21% for leucine and isoleucine.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Birth Weight', 'Body Weight', 'Brain', 'Caseins', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Lactation', 'Litter Size', 'Lysine', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Methionine', 'Organ Size', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Threonine', 'Triticum']
| 1,907,314
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.207', 'D12.776.744.150'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['G08.686.530', 'G08.686.784.769.498.300'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.125.142.815', 'D12.125.154.900'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of Clopidogrel and Aspirin vs Aspirin Alone on Migraine Headaches After Transcatheter Atrial Septal Defect Closure: The CANOA Randomized Clinical Trial.
|
IMPORTANCE: The occurrence of new-onset migraine attacks is a complication of transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) closure. It has been suggested that clopidogrel may reduce migraine attacks after ASD closure.OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of clopidogrel, used in addition to taking aspirin, for the prevention of migraine attacks following ASD closure.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Randomized, double-blind clinical trial performed in 6 university hospitals in Canada. Participants were 171 patients with an indication for ASD closure and no history of migraine.INTERVENTIONS: Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin + clopidogrel [the clopidogrel group], n = 84) vs single antiplatelet therapy (aspirin + placebo [the placebo group], n = 87) for 3 months following transcatheter ASD closure. The first patient was enrolled in December 2008, and the last follow-up was completed in February 2015.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary efficacy outcome was the monthly number of migraine days within the 3 months following ASD closure in the entire study population. The incidence and severity of new-onset migraine attacks, as evaluated by the Migraine Disability Assessment questionnaire, were prespecified secondary end points. A zero-inflated Poisson regression model was used for data analysis.RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of the participants was 49 (15) years and 62% (106) were women. Patients in the clopidogrel group had a reduced mean (SD) number of monthly migraine days within the 3 months following the procedure (0.4 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.69] days) vs the placebo group (1.4 [95% CI, 0.54 to 2.26] days; difference, -1.02 days [95% CI, -1.94 to -0.10 days]; incident risk ratio [IRR], 0.61 [95% CI, 0.41 to 0.91]; P = .04) and a lower incidence of migraine attacks following ASD closure (9.5% for the clopidogrel group vs 21.8% for the placebo group; difference, -12.3% [95% CI, -23% to -1.6%]; odds ratio [OR], 0.38 [95% CI, 0.15 to 0.89]; P = .03). Among patients with migraines, those in the clopidogrel group had less-severe migraine attacks (zero patients with moderately or severely disabling migraine attacks vs 37% [7 patients] in the placebo group; difference, -36.8% [95% CI, -58.5% to -15.2%]; P = .046). There were no between-group differences in the rate of patients with at least 1 adverse event (16.7% [14 patients] in the clopidogrel group vs 21.8% [19 patients] in the placebo group; difference, -5.2% [95% CI, -17% to 6.6%]; P = .44).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Among patients who underwent transcatheter ASD closure, the use of clopidogrel and aspirin, compared with aspirin alone, resulted in a lower monthly frequency of migraine attacks over 3 months. Further studies are needed to assess generalizability and durability of this effect.TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00799045.
|
['Aspirin', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Clopidogrel', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Headache Disorders, Secondary', 'Heart Septal Defects, Atrial', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Regression Analysis', 'Ticlopidine', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 26,551,304
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['D02.886.778.823.500.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C10.228.140.546.699'], ['C14.240.400.560.375', 'C14.280.400.560.375', 'C16.131.240.400.560.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D02.886.778.823.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Reproducibility of the ventricular synchronization parameters assessed by multiharmonic phase analysis of radionuclide angiography in the normal heart.
|
Radionuclide angiography (RNA) permits analysis of contractility and conduction abnormalities. We determined the parameters of normal ventricular synchronization, assessed the reproducibility of the technique, and compared first harmonic (1H) and third harmonic (3H) analysis. Forty-four normal subjects (28 men and 16 women) were studied. RNA was performed in left anterior oblique (LAO) and left lateral (LL) projections. The onset (To), mean time (Tm), total contraction time (Tt) for right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV), interventricular time (T(RV-LV) = Tm(LV - Tm(RV)) in LAO, and the apex-to-base time (T(a-b)) in LL were measured on the histograms of the time-activity curve. Reproducibility (R) was tested by studying 26 consecutive patients with two successive RNAs. RV starts contracting 25 ms before LV (To(RV) = 29 +/- 37 ms; To(LV) = 54 +/- 39 ms; mean +/- SD) with a 37 ms longer total contraction time. T(RV-LV) is 3 +/- 16 ms. In LL projection, apex and base contract synchronously: T(a-b) = 2 +/- 16 ms. 3H analysis enlarges all duration parameters (To, Tm and Tt), but does not alter synchronization (deltaT(a-b) and deltaT(RV-LV) between 1H and 3H <1%, p = NS). Reproducibility of the duration (T(tLV) and T(tRv)) and synchronization parameters (T(a-b) and T(RV-LV)) is high (R < or = 2.2%). In conclusion, the simultaneous contraction of right and left ventricles and of apex and base can be quantified by RNA phase analysis with high reproducibility. These results, consistent with published electrophysiological data, provide the basis for further non-invasive investigations of ventricular resynchronization in patients with basal electrical or mechanical asynchrony.
|
['Female', 'Fourier Analysis', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radionuclide Angiography', 'Reference Values', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Ventricular Function']
| 12,123,310
|
[['E05.377', 'G17.226', 'L01.224.800.625'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.710.715', 'E01.370.370.050.650', 'E01.370.384.730.715'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G09.330.955']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fibroblast growth factor 2 can replace ectodermal signaling for feather development.
|
The initiation and morphogenesis of cutaneous appendages depend on a series of reciprocal signaling events between the epithelium and mesenchyme of the embryonic skin. In the development of feather germs, early dermal signals induce the formation of epidermal placodes that in turn signal the mesoderm to form dermal condensations immediately beneath them. We find a spatially and temporally restricted pattern of transcription for the genes that encode fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 and FGF receptor (FGFR) 1 in developing feather germs of the chicken embryo. FGF-2 expression is restricted to the epidermal placodes, whereas FGFR-1 expression is limited to the dermal condensations. Transcription of these genes could not be detected in skins of scaleless (sc/sc) embryos that fail to develop feathers as a result of an ectodermal defect. Treatment of sc/sc skins with FGF-2 results in the formation of feathers at the site of application of the growth factor and the induced feathers express FGFR-1 in their dermal condensations. Thus, we have established FGF-2 as an epidermal signal in early feather germ formation. The observation that FGF-2 can rescue the mutant phenotype of sc/sc embryos suggests that FGF-2 either is, or is downstream from, the signal that the sc/sc mutant ectoderm fails to generate.
|
['Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Ectoderm', 'Feathers', 'Fibroblast Growth Factor 2', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1', 'Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor', 'Signal Transduction', 'Skin', 'Skin Abnormalities', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 8,816,784
|
[['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['A16.504.273'], ['A13.370'], ['D12.644.276.624.120', 'D12.776.467.624.120', 'D23.529.624.120'], ['G05.308.310'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.177', 'D12.776.543.750.630.440', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.370.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400.370'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A17.815'], ['C16.131.831', 'C17.800.804'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[An unfolding model for confusion matrices].
|
An unfolding model is proposed for analyzing the confusion matrices obtained from stimulus identification experiments. In the model, row and column stimuli in the matrices are represented as two sets of points in a multidimensional space, and confusion probabilities are expressed as a function of the distances between the row and the column points. The coordinates of the points are estimated by the maximum likelihood method under a constraint. The proposed model enables us to explore interesting aspects of the perceptual representations of the stimuli, as illustrated by two examples. Some advantages of the proposed model are discussed in regard to its psychological implication.
|
['Choice Behavior', 'Confusion', 'Humans', 'Models, Psychological', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales']
| 7,666,611
|
[['F02.463.785.373.346'], ['C10.597.606.337', 'C23.888.592.604.339', 'F01.700.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F04.711.513.653']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rescue of biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide protects the heart in cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation.
|
Cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene (LMNA) mutations (hereafter referred as LMNA cardiomyopathy) is an anatomic and pathologic condition associated with muscle and electrical dysfunction of the heart, often leading to heart failure-related disability. There is currently no specific therapy available for patients that target the molecular pathophysiology of LMNA cardiomyopathy. Recent studies suggested that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) cellular content could be a critical determinant for heart function. Biosynthesis of NAD+ from vitamin B3 (known as salvage pathways) is the primary source of NAD+. We showed here that NAD+ salvage pathway was altered in the heart of mouse and human carrying LMNA mutation, leading to an alteration of one of NAD+ co-substrate enzymes, PARP-1. Oral administration of nicotinamide riboside, a natural NAD+ precursor and a pyridine-nucleoside form of vitamin B3, leads to a marked improvement of the NAD+ cellular content, an increase of PARylation of cardiac proteins and an improvement of left ventricular structure and function in a model of LMNA cardiomyopathy. Collectively, our results provide mechanistic and therapeutic insights into dilated cardiomyopathy caused by LMNA mutations.
|
['Animals', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Heart', 'Heart Failure', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Lamin Type A', 'Mice', 'Mutation', 'NAD', 'Niacinamide', 'Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1', 'Poly ADP Ribosylation', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 30,053,027
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.280.238'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A07.541'], ['C14.280.434'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.660.650.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.694', 'D08.211.589', 'D13.695.667.138.694', 'D13.695.827.068.694'], ['D03.066.515.530', 'D03.383.725.547.530'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690.420'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.200.500', 'G02.111.691.600.200.500', 'G03.734.871.790.600.200.500', 'G05.308.670.600.200.500'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The evaluation of the temporal lobe size by magnetic resonance in Alzheimer's disease].
|
The estimation of the size of the structures of the temporal lobe using magnetic resonance (MR) can be of assistance when diagnosing early degenerative dementia. We have carried out a survey on 17 patients with Alzheimer type dementia (ATD). They were classified in clinical stages according to the Reisberg global deterioration scale. As diagnostic criteria for ATD we used those developed by DSM-III-R and NINCDS-ADRDA. We carried out axial sequences of 10 mm thickness in protonic density and in T2, and crown sequences of 5mm in T1 perpendicular to the axis of the hypofield. We selected the crown incisions at the level of the interpeduncular cistern. We determined the areas of the temporal lobe, hypocampus and ventricular and two linear measurements (the interhypocampus distance and the maximum transverse diameter between internal layers of the craneum). The images were processed by means of a computer programme. The average area of both hypofields in patients at stages 3-5 on the Reisberg scale was 378.6 +/- 86.1 mm2 and in stages 6-7 was of 364.7 +/- 62.2 mm2. The average area of both temporal lobes in patients at stages 3-5 was of 2,177.03 +/- 411.4 mm2 and in stages 6-7, was of 1,945.0 +/- 303.3 mm2. The shrinkage in size of the temporal lobe and the hypocampus in patients with Alzheimer's disease was not found to be related with the degree of dementia.
|
['Aged', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Functional Laterality', 'Hippocampus', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Temporal Lobe']
| 8,548,645
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.863']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Using transposons for genetic mosaic analysis of plant development.
|
Genetic mosaics, or chimeras, are individual organisms composed of cells or tissues of two or more distinct genotypes. They are experimentally useful for addressing several key biological questions. These include fate mapping through analysis of marked clonal lineages, analyzing cell or tissue interactions such as the induction of developmental events, and analyzing whether a gene acts cell autonomously. Genetic mosaics can arise in many ways, including through the action of transposable elements. Naturally occurring transposons can generate genetic mosaics by somatically inserting into a gene to cause a mutant sector, somatically excising from a mutant gene to create a revertant wild-type sector, or causing chromosomal breaks or rearrangements leading to loss of a gene or genes. Transposons have also been cleverly engineered to allow the generation of marked somatic sectors, sometimes in controlled ways. Here we review ways in which transposon-induced genetic mosaics have been used experimentally, the various methods that have been used, and general considerations for designing genetic mosaic studies using transposon methods.
|
['Alleles', 'Chimera', 'Chromosome Breakage', 'DNA Transposable Elements', 'Gene Silencing', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Mutation', 'Transposases', 'Zea mays']
| 23,918,419
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B05.200'], ['C23.550.210.170', 'G05.200.210.170', 'G05.365.590.175.175'], ['D13.444.308.520', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.080.708.330.200', 'G05.360.340.024.425.200'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['E05.393.420'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.739.500.667', 'D08.811.913.696.445.825'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of high-risk sexual behaviour in Jamaican adults and its relationship to sociodemographic and religious factors: findings from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2007-2008.
|
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of high-risk sexual behaviours among Jamaican adults and evaluate associations with sociodemographic and religious factors.METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study, using a nationally representative sample of Jamaicans, 15-74 years old. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire including questions on sexual activity, sociodemographic factors and religious practice. Having two or more sexual partners in the past year, non-use of condoms among persons with multiple partners and a history of previous sexually transmitted infection (STI) were the high-risk characteristics considered in the analysis. We obtained crude and category specific prevalence estimates for high-risk behaviour and estimated odds ratios for association with sociodemographic and religious factors.RESULTS: Data from 2833 participants who reported on sexually activity were analysed. Approximately 25% (95% CI 22, 27) of Jamaican adults had two or more sexual partners in the past year while 15% (95% CI 13, 17) had a past history of an STI. Approximately 6% (95% CI 5, 7) of persons with multiple partners did not use condoms during sexual intercourse. Overall, 32% (95% CI 30, 35) had any one of the three high-risk characteristics (male, 48%; female, 17%, p < 0.001). Being married, active religious practice and weekly attendance at religious meetings were associated with lower odds of high-risk sexual behaviour while being in a visiting relationship was associated with higher odds of high-risk behaviourCONCLUSION: A third of Jamaicans reported sexual practices that increase their risk of HIV infection. High-risk sexual behaviour was more common among men. Being married and weekly attendance at religious services were associated with lower odds of high-risk behaviour
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Jamaica', 'Male', 'Marital Status', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Religion and Medicine', 'Sex Factors', 'Sexually Transmitted Diseases', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Unsafe Sex', 'Young Adult']
| 24,020,227
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.084.900.525', 'Z01.639.880.525'], ['F01.829.263.315.500', 'I01.240.361.500', 'I01.880.853.150.423.500', 'N01.224.361.500', 'N01.824.308.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['K01.844.619'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['C01.221.812', 'C01.778', 'C12.294.668', 'C13.351.500.711', 'C23.550.291.531.937'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['F01.145.802.987'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Use of isozyme patterns in the identification of Biomphalaria tenagophila (D'Orbigny, 1835) and B. occidentalis (Paraense, 1981) (Gastropoda: Planorbidae).
|
Two sibling species of Biomphalaria, B. tenagophila and B. occidentalis were identified using isozyme patterns obtained by horizontal gel electrophoresis. Six diagnostic enzymatic loci were identified in digestive gland homogenates. The results enable us to distinguish the species, calculate the Nei's coefficient of genetic similarity, and provide a basis for making inferences about the pattern of these two planorbid species colonization and distribution.
|
['Animals', 'Biomphalaria', 'Brazil', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Electrophoresis, Starch Gel', 'Gene Frequency', 'Isoenzymes', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Population Density']
| 8,544,740
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.750.185'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.196.401.485', 'E05.301.300.402'], ['G05.330'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['G05.365.795'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
What is the most sensitive test for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome?
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare sensitivities between 7 principal nerve conduction studies (NCS) for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).METHOD: In 104 CTS and 64 control hands, following "Standard" NCSs were examined simultaneously: (1) Median sensory NCS; (2) segmental wrist-palm sensory NCS; (3) 4th digit latency difference; (4) 1st digit latency difference and (5) palmar mixed nerve latency difference. As "Guideline" and "Option" NCSs, we also examined: (6) Median motor distal latency and (7) second lumbrical-interossei latency difference (2LILD). Forty-nine CTS hands were divided into a milder subgroup only if action potentials could be recorded using all tests applied; that is, those with any absent potentials were excluded from the subgroup. Sensitivities and specificities were compared to each other.RESULTS: In all CTS hands, the sensitivity of test (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) and (7) was 83, 87, 92, 90, 90, 70 and 92%, respectively. In the milder subgroup, it was 67, 78, 84, 82, 84, 43, and 84% in the same order. There was no statistical difference between Standard tests and 2LILD. Specificities of all tests were over 95%.CONCLUSIONS: All "Standard" tests and 2LILD have high comparable sensitivities. Therefore, 2LILD should be recommended as "Standard" NCS detecting CTS.
|
['Adult', 'Carpal Tunnel Syndrome', 'Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological', 'Electrodiagnosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Median Nerve', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Conduction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 25,504,204
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C10.668.829.500.500.200', 'C10.668.829.550.200', 'C26.844.150.206'], ['E01.370.376'], ['E01.370.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.720.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mononuclear cells from patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome produce little IgE when they are stimulated with recombinant human interleukin-4.
|
To investigate whether B cells from patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome are more sensitive to the effects of interleukin-4 in vitro than B cells of normal or atopic individuals, we stimulated blood mononuclear cells (MNC) with varying doses of recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhIL-4) and measured supernatant IgE concentrations after 18 days of culture. Geometric mean spontaneous IgE synthesis after 18 days of culture without rhIL-4 was low (less than 3 ng/ml) and similar for MNCs from nine patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome, nine atopic and nine normal subjects. As found in our previous studies, MNCs from the nine atopic and the nine normal donors produced significant and similar quantities of IgE (geometric mean maximum IgE, 25.2 and 18.7 ng/ml, respectively) when MNCs were stimulated with rhIL-4. MNCs from both donor groups had similar sensitivity to the concentration of IL-4 eliciting the IgE response. In striking contrast, MNCs from the nine patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome failed to produce significant IgE over that produced spontaneously when MNCs were stimulated by a wide range of rhIL-4 concentrations. Coculture of B cell-enriched subpopulations from patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome with T cell-enriched subpopulations from nonatopic and atopic donors failed to restore responsiveness to rhIL-4. The addition of anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody to MNC cultures did result in enhancement of rhIL-4 IgE synthesis by MNCs from patients with the hyper-IgE syndrome, but the concentration of anti-CD40 required to elicit this enhancement was tenfold higher than for control MNCs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'CD40 Antigens', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity, Immediate', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Interleukin-4', 'Job Syndrome', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 1,720,150
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.051', 'D23.101.100.150'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.776.465.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.097', 'D23.050.301.264.051.140', 'D23.101.100.150.140'], ['A11.251'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543.480'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['C15.378.553.774.600', 'C16.320.798.688', 'C20.673.774.600', 'C20.673.795.688'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D12.776.828'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fumarase-deficient Uterine Leiomyomas: An Immunohistochemical, Molecular Genetic, and Clinicopathologic Study of 86 Cases.
|
Loss-of-function germline mutations in the fumarase (FH) gene of the Krebs cycle characterize hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome. Fumarase (FH) deficiency can be diagnosed by the loss of immunohistochemical expression. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and clinicopathologic features of FH-deficient uterine smooth muscle tumors (SMTs). A total of 1583 uterine and 157 nonuterine SMTs were examined using a polyclonal FH antibody and automated immunohistochemistry, and 86 uterine leiomyomas with an FH loss were identified. The frequencies of FH deficiency for subcohorts of uterine SMTs were 1.6% for unselected nonatypical leiomyomas, 1.8% for cellular leiomyomas, 37.3% for atypical leiomyomas, and 0% for leiomyosarcomas. One extrauterine, retroperitoneal estrogen receptor-positive leiomyoma was also FH deficient. The patient age of FH-deficient uterine leiomyomas was 20 to 52 years (median, 38 y). Grossly, these tumors were often soft and amorphous resembling a fibrothecoma. Histologically, the FH-deficient nonatypical leiomyomas lacked cellular packeting and distinct collagenous zones and showed chain-like or palisading nuclear arrangements, prominent staghorn-shaped blood vessels, oval nuclei with no or at most mild atypia, small eosinophilic nucleoli, and a low mitotic rate (0 to 1/10 HPF). The FH-deficient atypical leiomyomas had nuclear atypia often manifesting as multinucleation, prominent eosinophilic nucleoli, and mitotic activity up to 7/10 HPF, with atypical mitoses seen in 32% of cases. However, similar histologic changes were seen in some non-FH-deficient atypical leiomyomas. Loss-of-function FH-gene mutations including 5 whole-gene deletions and 3 frameshift mutations were identified in 8 of 16 FH-deficient nonatypical leiomyomas using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and Sanger sequencing, respectively. Follow-up data on patients with FH-deficient atypical uterine leiomyomas revealed 19 patients alive (median follow-up 27 y) and 5 patients dead. Deaths occurred 9 to 30 years after surgery at a median age of 72 years; causes of death could not be determined. These results indicate that FH-deficient uterine leiomyomas occur with a high frequency among atypical leiomyomas and infrequently in nonatypical leiomyomas and are often histologically distinctive. They seem to have a low biological potential and lack any significant association with leiomyosarcoma.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Frameshift Mutation', 'Fumarate Hydratase', 'Gene Deletion', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Leiomyoma', 'Leiomyosarcoma', 'Middle Aged', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 27,454,940
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G05.365.590.265'], ['D08.811.520.241.300.300'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.450.590.450'], ['C04.557.450.590.455', 'C04.557.450.795.455'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A trend analysis of the relative value of blue dye and isotope localization in 2,000 consecutive cases of sentinel node biopsy for breast cancer.
|
BACKGROUND: Among the advocates of blue dye, isotope, or combined dye-isotope mapping of the sentinel lymph node (SLN) for breast cancer, there is no universal consensus as to which technique is optimal and whether the relative value of each method changes with increasing experience. The objective of this study was to examine the relative contributions of blue dye and radioisotope to successful identification of the SLN as the SLN-mapping technique evolved over our first 2,000 consecutive cases.STUDY DESIGN: Using the first 2,000 consecutive SLN biopsy procedures for breast cancer, performed by eight surgeons (none previously experienced in SLN techniques) at one institution, using a combined technique of blue dye and isotope mapping, we report the institutional learning curve and the relative contributions of dye and isotope to identifying both the SLN and the positive SLN, by increments of 500 cases.RESULTS: Comparing the first 500 with the most recent 500 cases, success in identifying the SLN by blue dye did not improve with experience, although success in isotope localization steadily increased, from 86% to 94% (p < 0.00005). With the increasing success of isotope mapping, the marginal benefit of blue dye (the proportion of cases in which the SLN was identified by blue dye alone) steadily declined, from 9% to 3% (p = 0.0001). Parallel to this trend, the proportion of positive SLNs identified by blue dye did not change with experience (89% to 90%), but isotope success steadily increased, from 88% to 98% (p = 0.0015). The proportion of positive SLNs identified by blue dye alone declined from 12% to 2% (p = 0.0015).CONCLUSIONS: Using a combined technique of blue dye and radioisotope mapping, and with refinement of the radioisotope technique, we report 97% success identifying the SLN. Although we continue to recommend the use of both methods in SLN mapping for breast cancer, we observe with experience a declining marginal benefit for blue dye.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intralesional', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Rosaniline Dyes', 'Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy', 'Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid']
| 11,708,502
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.430'], ['E04.446'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D02.092.146.755'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.580', 'E01.370.225.998.054.580', 'E01.370.388.100.580', 'E04.074.580', 'E04.446.819', 'E05.200.500.384.100.580', 'E05.200.998.054.580', 'E05.242.384.100.580'], ['D01.875.900', 'D01.925.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Diagnostic efficacy of compressed digitized real-time sonography of uterine fibroids.
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RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The authors investigated the diagnostic efficacy of compression of real-time ultrasound (US) examinations.METHODS: Low- and high-compression recordings (9:1 and 15:1, respectively) of examinations were generated by using Joint Photographic Experts Group algorithms. Seven radiologists used a five-level response scale to answer questions about the presence, number, and location of focal fibroid tumors in 67 randomly sorted uterine examinations. The images were viewed after no, low, and high compression. Results were evaluated by using multipatient, multireader receiver operating characteristic jack-knife analysis.RESULTS: Given the reduction in the US digital video rates from 74 Mbit/sec for uncompressed images to 8 Mbit/sec for low compression and 4.7 Mbit/sec for high compression, there were no statistically significant differences in accuracy between the compression schemes. Confidence intervals suggested that the sample size was adequate.CONCLUSION: Compressed images with compression ratios of 9:1 and 15:1 were diagnostically equivalent to uncompressed images of uterine fibroid tumors.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Leiomyoma', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Ultrasonography', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 9,061,079
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.590.450'], ['L01.224.800'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: a report of a case with atypical features.
|
We report a case of a young woman presenting with profound depression of consciousness and intra-uterine death in the late stages of an unbooked pregnancy. She proceeded to develop features of cardiovascular, renal, hepatic and haematological failures. The patient was challenging to manage in view of uncertainty regarding the underlying cause, and required multidisciplinary consultation. A diagnosis was subsequently made of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in the context of pre-eclampsia. We review the typical presentation and wide-ranging associations of this recently described clinico-neuroradiological syndrome, and look at how appropriate management may lead to rapid resolution of its often life-threatening features. We highlight the importance to anaesthetists and critical care physicians of recognising even atypical cases such as this one in view of key differences in management from similarly presenting conditions.
|
['Coma', 'Female', 'Fetal Death', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Young Adult']
| 18,717,659
|
[['C10.597.606.358.800.200', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.200'], ['C13.703.223', 'C23.550.260.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C10.228.140.631.500.500', 'C10.228.140.695.875'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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[Two cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with cytoplasmic granules].
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The presence of cytoplasmic granules in blastoid cells of patients with acute leukemia is generally accepted as a useful morphological marker for differentiation of myeloid leukemia from lymphoblastic leukemia. We diagnosed two cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) with cytoplasmic granulation. Surface marker analysis of leukemic cells revealed they were positive for CD10, 19, 20, 33, 34 and HLA-DR. Immunoglobulin gene rearrangement was detected by means of Southern hybridization with an Ig-JH probe for both patients. On the basis of these findings, the patients were diagnosed as having B-precursor ALL. Electron microscopic observation showed no myeloperoxidase activity, so that the granules were considered to be related to autophagolysosomes. This experience demonstrates that the recognition of the presence of granular ALL is necessary for making an accurate differential diagnosis of acute leukemias.
|
['Child', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Middle Aged', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma']
| 12,166,084
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Valproate oral loading in the treatment of acute mania.
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BACKGROUND: Evidence from earlier studies suggests that the antimanic activity of valproate becomes most pronounced within 1 to 4 days of achieving serum concentrations of 50 mg/L or greater. We conducted a prospective study to assess the onset of antimanic activity of oral loading dosages of valproate administered to achieve serum concentrations above 50 mg/L within 24 hours.METHOD: Nineteen patients with bipolar disorder, manic phase, received divalproex sodium 20 mg/kg/day in divided dosages for 5 days, without other psychotropic agents except lorazepam up to 4 mg/day. Serum valproate concentrations were measured after 1 and 4 days of treatment. Improvement was measured daily by a blind rater using the Young Mania Rating Scale (MRS).RESULTS: Serum valproate concentrations greater than 50 mg/L were reached in all 15 patients completing the study. Ten (53%) of the 19 patients who received at least one complete loading dose displayed a significant (greater than 50%) reduction in MRS scores by study termination. These responders displayed the greatest percent change in MRS scores over the first 3 days of treatment. Side effects were minimal.CONCLUSION: Valproate can be safely administered by oral loading and may produce rapid onset of antimanic response in some patients.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Lorazepam', 'Male', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Valproic Acid']
| 8,253,698
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F03.084.500'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.450'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Noninvasive quantitation of right-ventricular volume overload in adults by gated equilibrium radionuclide angiography.
|
R-wave-synchronized equilibrium radionuclide angiography (RNA) is a noninvasive method whose time-activity curves provide count information that is proportional to ventricular volume. We have performed resting gated RNA in nine consecutive adult patients undergoing cardiac catheterization for evaluation of left-to-right shunting. Pulmonary/systemic flow ratios (Qp/Qs) calculated from RNA correlated well with Qp/Qs defined by oximetry (r = 0.87, y = 0.85x + 0.11, sy . x = 0.46). In five patients imaged before, and within 1 mo after, successful surgical repair, RNA Qp/Qs declined from a mean (+/- s.d.) of 2.9 +/- 1.0 to 1.1 +/- 0.2. Right/left ventricular end-diastolic volume ratios declined from 3.1 +/- 1.3 to 1.7 +/- 0.2. Although left-ventricular ejection fraction did not change, right-ventricular ejection fraction declined in these patients. Imaging in nine patients with right-ventricular dysfunction, but without shunt or regurgitation, yielded a mean Qp/Qs of 0.94 +/- 0.27. We conclude that Qp/Qs, right-ventricular ejection fraction, and relative ventricular enlargement may be accurately quantitated and followed serially after therapeutic intervention using gated RNA.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cardiac Volume', 'Heart Septal Defects, Atrial', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Stroke Volume']
| 7,131,087
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G09.330.380.249'], ['C14.240.400.560.375', 'C14.280.400.560.375', 'C16.131.240.400.560.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['E01.370.370.380.150.700', 'G09.330.380.124.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Maternal serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) and binding proteins IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 at 11-13 weeks' gestation in pregnancies delivering small for gestational age neonates.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible value of maternal serum concentration of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and IGFBP-3 at 11-13 weeks' gestation in the prediction of small-for-gestational age (SGA) neonates.STUDY DESIGN: Maternal serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 at 11-13 weeks were measured in 60 cases that subsequently delivered SGA neonates in the absence of pre-eclampsia, and compared to 120 non-SGA controls.RESULTS: In the SGA group, compared to the non-SGA group, there was significantly lower median IGF-I (61.8, IQR 43.4-93.4 ng/mL vs 94.9, IQR 56.7-131.2 ng/mL, p=0.002) and IGFBP-1 (58.2, IGR 39.8-84.9 ng/mL vs 81.4, IGR 57.3-105.5 ng/mL, p=0.002) but not IGFBP-3 (54.5, IGR 45.6-61.5 ng/mL vs 55.4, IGR 47.4-64.9 ng/mL, p=0.402). However, after multiple regression analysis and adjustment for maternal characteristics, these biomarkers were not useful in predicting SGA.CONCLUSION: Maternal serum IGF-I, IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3 at 11-13 weeks are unlikely to be useful biochemical markers for early prediction of SGA.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Small for Gestational Age', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First']
| 22,245,615
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.560'], ['D12.776.157.420.250'], ['D12.776.157.420.270'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.408']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of Phlomis leucophracta
|
The chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of the essential oils of the endemic Phlomis leucophracta P. H. Davis et Hub.-Mor. was investigated. The major compounds of the essential oil were linalool (36.4%), spathulenol (8.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (8.4%). The composition of the oil differs with published data, suggesting other chemotype. Moreover, the oil of this species was analysed for its antioxidant activity for the first time and results indicate it possess strong antioxidant activity comparable with already known antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, BHT, or Trolox. Presented results suggest that this endemic species has strong potential to be used in food and pharmacological industries, and therefore they need to be further investigated.
|
['Acyclic Monoterpenes', 'Antioxidants', 'Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Phlomis', 'Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes', 'Sesquiterpenes', 'Turkey']
| 30,417,666
|
[['D02.455.849.575.125'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E05.196.181.349.500', 'E05.196.566.500'], ['D10.627.675'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.583.520.750'], ['D02.455.849.765.674', 'D04.663'], ['D02.455.849.765'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Cell cycle stage-specific accumulation of mRNAs encoding tubulin and other polypeptides in Chlamydomonas.
|
The accumulation pattern of a number of mRNAs during the cell cycle of Chlamydomonas was examined by two-dimensional gel analysis of in vitro translation products and by RNA blot hybridization analysis. Two-dimensional gel analysis revealed that 10-15% of the 300 most abundant translation products are differentially synthesized from RNA obtained at various cell cycle stages. RNAs that direct the synthesis of alpha- and beta-tubulins and that hybridize to cloned alpha- and beta-tubulin probes accumulate coordinately during the predivision period of the cell cycle, reaching peak levels before or during division. Other RNAs represented by selected cloned cDNA probes show a number of different cell cycle patterns of accumulation. The accumulation patterns of these RNAs are not directly influenced by ongoing illumination conditions, even though alternating light-dark illumination cycles are used to synchronize Chlamydomonas cells. The results suggest that there may be a complex program of gene expression correlated with cell cycle progression in Chlamydomonas.
|
['Cell Cycle', 'Chlamydomonas', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA', 'Kinetics', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Peptides', 'Poly A', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'RNA', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tubulin']
| 6,182,565
|
[['G04.144'], ['B01.650.940.150.385'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D12.644'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D05.750.078.734.800', 'D12.776.220.600.800', 'D12.776.631.920']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Primary effusion lymphomas exhibit complex and recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities.
|
Cytogenetic findings in a few primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell lines have been reported, but only three complete karyotypes of primary specimens from patients with this neoplasm have been published. In this study, cytogenetic analysis was performed on 11 effusion specimens from 10 patients with PEL. We corroborate data obtained from the cell line studies that trisomy 7, trisomy 12 and aberrations in the proximal long arm of chromosome 1 (1q) are recurring cytogenetic aberrations in PEL and also identify breakpoints at 3q23, 7p22, 7q22, 10q24, 12q24, 13q22, 14q24, 14q32, 15p11.2 and Xq22 as well as +8, +15, +19, +X and -Y as recurring chromosome abnormalities. The identification of recurring cytogenetic aberrations may lead to delineation of the genetic events in PEL.
|
['Adult', 'Antigens, CD', 'Ascitic Fluid', 'Biomarkers', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7', 'Genotype', 'Herpesvirus 8, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Karyotyping', 'Lymphoma, AIDS-Related', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Trisomy']
| 11,841,403
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['A12.207.119'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.235.240', 'G05.360.162.520.300.235.240'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.335', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.335'], ['G05.380'], ['B04.280.210.400.700.330', 'B04.280.382.400.700.330', 'B04.613.204.500.700.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['C04.557.386.480.150.450', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150.450', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150.450'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.210.050.750', 'C23.550.210.182.500', 'G05.365.590.175.050.750', 'G05.365.590.175.183.500', 'G05.700.131.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Two cases of misaligned deployment of Valiant Captivia thoracic stent graft.
|
Thoracic aortic stent grafts have been widely used. We report two cases of proximal misaligned deployment of the Valiant Captivia stent graft after hybrid treatment of thoracic aneurysms. This complication has, to our knowledge, never been previously reported in the literature with this stent graft. We discuss the various factors that may explain this complication. We also describe the bailout technique that was carried out.
|
['Aged', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Stents']
| 22,857,811
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.239.125', 'C14.907.109.139.125'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['E07.695.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluating the impact of a home-based rehabilitation service on older people and their caregivers: a matched-control quasi-experimental study.
|
Introduction: Previous studies evaluating home-based rehabilitation service (HBRS) merely focused on the period immediately after the patients' discharge from hospitals. The present study focuses on HBRS that covers clients who have not been recently hospitalized. HBRS aims to meet older clients' rehabilitation needs and support their caregivers in the community. This study intended to evaluate the impact of HBRS on the older clients' health outcomes and hospital services utilization, and caregivers' strain in providing care for clients.Methods: This study used a matched-control quasi-experimental design with a 3-month follow-up to evaluate HBRS. The health outcome measures used for the older clients included Elderly Mobility Scale, Timed Up and Go test, Modified Barthel Index, Lawton's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination, and World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale, Short Form, Hong Kong version (WHOQOL-BREF [HK]). Meanwhile, the Caregiver Strain Index was used to measure the caregivers' caregiving strain. Data on clients' hospital services utilization 3 and 6 months before and after the study were also collected and evaluated.Results: The final sample consisted of 122 pairs of older clients and caregivers who live in a community in Hong Kong. In the follow-up after 3 months, the intervention group showed immensely substantial improvements across all the health outcome measures compared with the control group. The intervention group also demonstrated substantial reduction in the clients' hospital services utilization compared with the control group. However, no significant differences in the clients' hospital services utilization exist between the two groups in the follow-up after 6 months.Conclusion: HBRS of this study is an effective intervention service to improve health outcomes and reduce hospital services utilization among older people living in the community. Moreover, HBRS of this study was effective in reducing the caregivers' caregiving strain.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Caregivers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Home Care Services, Hospital-Based', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Independent Living', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Discharge', 'Quality of Life', 'Rehabilitation Research']
| 30,254,432
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['N02.421.143.524.403'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.050.500', 'N01.224.791.550', 'N06.850.505.400.800.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['H01.770.644.145.472']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
A simplified agarose gel electrophoresis for rotavirus detection.
|
The use of agarose gel electrophoresis for rotavirus detection is a suitable routine method if simplifying modifications are introduced. Incorporation of ethidium bromide into the agarose gel permits its use for several times in the course of one week without further staining of the RNA segments. The electrophoresis chamber with a UV-light-transparent bottom is put directly onto the transilluminator and the RNA bands of the rotavirus can be visualized without manipulating the gel tray. During the winter of 1990/91, we found a good sensitivity (98%) of this method in comparison to a latex agglutination test (Slidex Rota-Kit 2, bio M?rieux).
|
['Child', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Feces', 'Humans', 'Latex Fixation Tests', 'Rotavirus Infections']
| 1,520,972
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.450', 'E05.200.812.735.050.450', 'E05.478.594.760.050.450'], ['C01.925.782.791.814']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Calnexin is a novel sero-diagnostic marker for lung cancer.
|
To develop sero-diagnostic markers for lung cancer, we generated monoclonal antibodies using lung adenocarcinoma (AC)-derived A549 cells as antigens by employing the random immunization method. Hybridoma supernatants were immunohistochemically screened for antibodies with AMeX-fixed and paraffin-embedded A549 cell preparations. Positive clones were monocloned twice through limiting dilutions. From the obtained monoclonal antibodies, one designated as KU-Lad-001 was recognized as calnexin (CANX) based on immunoprecipitation and MADLI TOF/TOF-MS analysis. To evaluate the utility of this antibody as a sero-diagnostic marker for lung cancer, we performed reverse-phase protein array analysis with samples of 195 lung cancer patients and 100 healthy controls. The CANX expression levels were significantly higher in lung cancer patients than in healthy controls (P<0.0001), and the area under the curve of ROC was 0.980, with 96.9% specificity and 99.0% sensitivity. Furthermore, since CANX was also detected in stage I disease, the serum CANX levels should be applicable markers discriminating lung cancer patients from healthy controls and possibly used in the detection of early lung cancer. To our knowledge, the present results provide evidence that CANX may be a novel sero-diagnostic marker for lung cancer.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adenocarcinoma of Lung', 'Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Calnexin', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Protein Array Analysis']
| 26,344,721
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.022', 'C04.588.894.797.520.055'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.644.360.372.311', 'D12.776.157.125.412.311', 'D12.776.476.387.311', 'D12.776.503.295', 'D12.776.543.162'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E05.588.570.700', 'E05.601.680']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Action potential alternans in LQT3 syndrome: a simulation study.
|
The long QT syndrome type-3 (LQT3) is an inherited cardiac disorder caused by mutations in the sodium channel gene SCN5A. LQT3 has been associated with ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, specially at low heart rates. Based on computer simulations and experimental investigations, analysis of the morphology of the Action Potential (AP) has shown that it undergoes early afterdepolarizations (EADs) and spontaneous discharges, which are thought to be the trigger for reentry like-activity. However, dynamic characteristics of cardiac tissue are also important factors of arrhythmia mechanisms. In this work, we propose a dynamical analysis of the LQT3 at cellular level. We use a detailed Markovian model of the DeltaKPQ mutation, which is associated with LQT3, and we study beat-to-beat AP Duration (APD) variations by using a long-term stimulation protocol. Compared to wild-type (WT) cells, DeltaKPQ mutant cells are found to develop APD alternans over a narrow range of stimulation frequencies. Moreover, the interval of frequency dependence of APD alternans is related to the degree of severity of the EADs present in the AP. In conclusion, dynamical analysis of paced cells is a useful approach to understand the mechanisms of rate dependent arrhythmias.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Genetic Diseases, Inborn', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Long QT Syndrome', 'Models, Cardiovascular', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Mutation', 'NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel', 'Sodium Channels']
| 18,002,037
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['C16.320'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.067.565', 'C14.280.123.625', 'C16.131.240.400.715', 'C23.550.073.547'], ['E05.599.395.161'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875.750.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875.750.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875.750.500', 'D12.776.631.960.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.875', 'D12.776.543.550.450.875', 'D12.776.543.585.400.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
In vitro and in vivo assessment of the bioavailability of potassium from a potassium tartrate tablet.
|
The bioavailability of potassium from orally administered potassium tartrate was evaluated in 20 normal subjects under metabolic balance conditions. Subjects were given 34 mmol potassium (5 tablets of Cal-K) as a divided dose on each of 2 consecutive days. Urinary excretion of potassium, as determined from 24-h urinary collections on the 3 days preceding dosage totalled 192.6 +/- 50.9 mmol (mean +/- S.D., n = 20). It increased significantly (p less than 0.05) to 258.7 +/- 54.2 mmol for the 2 days of dosage and the following day. The difference of 66.1 mmol representing absorbed potassium was close to the 68 mmol potassium given and indicated a bioavailability of potassium in excess of 97 per cent; after correction for creatinine excretion, potassium recovery rose to 99.9 per cent. The dissolution characteristics of the Cal-K tablets were also determined. After dissolution in simulated gastric juice (pH 1.2), 84.4 +/- 10.6 per cent (mean +/- S.D., 6 experiments) was dissolved; after adjustment to pH 7.3, dissolved potassium increased to 91.3 +/- 8.5 per cent. No precipitation or residue formed as a result of the pH change. Both sets of results indicate that potassium from these potassium tartrate tablets is in a highly bioavailable form.
|
['Adult', 'Biological Availability', 'Creatinine', 'Female', 'Gastric Acid', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Intestine, Small', 'Male', 'Potassium', 'Sodium', 'Solubility', 'Tablets', 'Tartrates']
| 2,059,671
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D03.383.129.308.207'], ['A12.200.307.603'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['G02.805'], ['D26.255.830'], ['D02.241.081.337.864', 'D02.241.081.844.759', 'D02.241.511.902.759', 'D09.811.779']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Differences in frequency of the deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene in different ethnic groups.
|
A polymorphism characterized by the insertion or deletion of a 287-bp Alu repeat sequence in intron 16 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene determines about half the serum angiotensin-converting enzyme level variability among individuals. The deletion polymorphism is associated with higher levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme and perhaps with a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases. The relative frequency of this genetic polymorphism in different ethnic groups is not known. The objective of this study was to compare the frequency of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in different ethnic groups. Angiotensin-converting enzyme genotype was determined in middle-aged healthy hospital workers of three different ethnic origins (African Americans, whites, and Indians). There were 142 African Americans, 136 Indians, and 82 whites. The distribution of the deletion-deletion, insertion-deletion, and insertion-insertion genotypes in African Americans (29%, 60%, and 11%, respectively), Indians (19%, 50%, and 31%, respectively) and whites (29%, 40%, and 31%, respectively) was significantly different (p = < 0.005). The frequency of the deletion allele among African Americans, Indians, and whites (0.59, 0.49, and 0.44, respectively) was also significantly different (p=0.05). African Americans had the highest frequency of deletion allele and the lowest frequency of the insertion-insertion genotype among the three groups. The frequency of the deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is different among African Americans, whites, and Indians. This may be important in relation to the high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in African Americans and may be relevant in explaining differences in cardiovascular diseases in different populations. This finding also emphasizes the importance of studying angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in genetically homogenous populations. Because of the small size of this study, however, these findings need further confirmation.
|
['Adult', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Gene Deletion', 'Humans', 'Indians, North American', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Probability', 'United States']
| 11,437,027
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.365.590.762.320', 'G05.558.800.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.508.150.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350.687'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cross-national associations between parent and peer communication and psychological complaints.
|
OBJECTIVES: To assess whether or not communication with parents and with peers is related to experiencing psychological complaints in an attempt to explore the hypotheses of continuity and compensation or moderation between contexts.METHODS: Questions on communication with their parents and peers, as well as on the frequency with which they experience psychological complaints were answered by 200,857 adolescents from 36 countries.RESULTS: A cluster analysis detected four groups of adolescents. Those with better communication in both social contexts were the ones showing less psychological complaints. Moreover, we have found (using a regression analysis) that good communication with peers does not improve their experience of psychological complaints if the communication with parents is not good.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that our findings are consistent with the continuity hypothesis and against the compensating or moderating one.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Communication', 'Europe', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Male', 'North America', 'Parent-Child Relations', 'Peer Group', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 19,639,255
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['Z01.542'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['Z01.107.567'], ['F01.829.263.370.290'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Safety of a tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine when used off-label in an elderly population.
|
BACKGROUND: Published data on the safety of tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) in persons aged ?65 years are limited. This study aims to examine a large cohort of Tdap users ?65 years for evidence of increased risk of adverse events following vaccination.METHODS: A matched cohort study design and a self-controlled case series (SCCS) design were used. The study population was adults aged ?65 years who received the Tdap or tetanus and diphtheria (Td) vaccine during 1 January 2006-31 December 2010 at 7 health maintenance organizations in the United States. Seven major groups of prespecified events were identified electronically by diagnostic codes.RESULTS: The study included 119 573 Tdap vaccinees and the same number of Td vaccinees. The results indicated that the risk of the prespecified events following Tdap was comparable to that following Td vaccination in this elderly population. There was a small increased rate of codes suggesting medically attended inflammatory or allergic events in 1-6 days following Tdap in the SCCS analysis (incidence rate ratio, 1.59 [95% confidence interval, 1.40-1.81]).CONCLUSION: Although there is a small increased risk of medically attended inflammatory or allergic events in 1-6 days following Tdap compared to other time periods, it is no more common than that following Td. This study provides empirical safety data suggesting that immunizing adults aged ?65 years with Tdap to reduce the risk of pertussis in the elderly and their contacts should not have untoward safety consequences.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cohort Studies', 'Diphtheria', 'Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines', 'Humans', 'Off-Label Use', 'Tetanus', 'Time Factors', 'United States', 'Vaccination', 'Vaccines, Acellular', 'Whooping Cough']
| 23,196,953
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.246.388'], ['D20.215.894.135.535.295', 'D20.215.894.691.263.290', 'D20.215.894.691.824.290', 'D20.215.894.815.149', 'D20.215.894.860.900.267'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.307.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.222.864'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['D20.215.894.860.900'], ['C01.150.252.400.143.500', 'C01.748.969', 'C08.730.969']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Policy progress for physician treatment of opiate addiction.
|
Medical treatment of heroin addiction with methadone and other pharmacotherapies has important benefits for individuals and society. However, regulatory policies have separated this treatment from the medical care system, limiting access to care and contributing to the social stigma of even effective addiction pharmacotherapy. Increasing problems caused by heroin addiction have added urgency to the search for policies and programs that improve the access to and quality of opiate addiction treatment. Recent initiatives aiming to reintegrate methadone maintenance and other addiction pharmacotherapies into medical practice may promote both expanded treatment capacity and increased physician expertise in addiction medicine. These initiatives include changes in federal oversight of the opiate addiction treatment system, the approval of physician office-based methadone maintenance programs for stabilized patients, and federal legislation that could enable physicians to treat opiate addiction with new medications in regular medical practice.
|
['Buprenorphine', 'Humans', 'Methadone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Opioid-Related Disorders', 'Physicians, Family', 'Public Policy', 'Substance Abuse Treatment Centers', 'United States']
| 12,047,733
|
[['D03.132.577.249.150', 'D03.605.497.150', 'D03.633.400.686.150', 'D04.615.723.795.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.522.675'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['C25.775.643.500', 'F03.900.647.500'], ['M01.526.485.810.770', 'N02.360.810.770'], ['I01.655.500.608', 'I01.880.604.825.608', 'N03.623.500.608'], ['N02.278.035.128.800', 'N02.278.808.930'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mastitis today: incidence, prevention and treatment.
|
The study concerned 664 women of South-West Finland, and they were studied 5-12 weeks after delivery. The total frequency of mastitis in this population was much higher than generally reported in literature, 24% as opposed to 3%. The frequency of mastitis was similar among nulli- and multiparous women. The diagnosis was based on the judgement of midwives of physicians. If a multiparous woman has had mastitis during a previous puerperium, the probability of mastitis during a subsequent puerperium is threefold. The type of skin, its reaction of the sun, allergies, rashes, getting cold and oxytocin medication during delivery did nto affect the incidence of mastitis. Mothers under 21 and over 35 years of age had a decreased incidence (P = 0.034) of mastitis. If the women had sore nipples, the frequency increased (P = 0.003). Prophylaxis, by means of physical training, neither decreased nor increased the frequency of puerperal mastitis. The treatment advised by midwives and physicians was primarily conservative, but 38% received antibiotics; some of the antibiotics were not effective against staphylococcal infection.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Breast Feeding', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Massage', 'Mastitis', 'Middle Aged', 'Puerperal Infection', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 8,092,782
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['F01.145.407.199', 'G07.203.650.195', 'G07.203.650.220.500.500', 'G07.203.650.353.199'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.599.750.750', 'E02.779.867.880.750', 'E02.831.535.867.880.750'], ['C13.703.844.603', 'C17.800.090.968'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.674.715', 'C13.703.700.715', 'C13.703.844.757'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Protooncogene expression in normal and psoriatic skin.
|
The expression of the c-myc, c-fos, c-jun, c-erbB, and c-Ha-ras protooncogenes was compared by Northern blot analysis of total RNA extracted from keratome biopsies of normal skin and psoriatic plaques. Isolation of intact RNA from frozen tissue required careful attention to technique during the early stages of extraction. Densitometric analysis revealed 1.5- to 2.5-fold elevations of c-myc transcript levels in lesional psoriatic relative to normal epidermis. Similar increases in cyclophilin and lipocortin II transcripts were also observed and may reflect characteristic differences in RNA preparations from normal and psoriatic epidermis. C-myc, c-jun, c-erbB, c-fos, and c-Ha-ras transcript levels were not significantly increased in lesional psoriatic epidermis when protooncogene mRNA levels were normalized to those of the cyclophilin or lipocortin genes. In contrast, transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha) transcripts were significantly increased (10- to 20-fold) with or without prior normalization. C-myc, c-fos, and c-jun transcripts were significantly induced over in vivo levels 2-4 h after organ culture of normal or psoriatic keratome biopsies, demonstrating that these genes can be highly expressed in the context of tissue injury. Our results suggest that overexpression of these protooncogenes per se is not central to the pathogenesis of psoriatic epidermal hyperplasia.
|
['Epidermis', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Proto-Oncogenes', 'Psoriasis', 'RNA', 'Reference Values', 'Skin', 'Skin Physiological Phenomena', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 1,688,596
|
[['A10.272.497', 'A17.815.250'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['D13.444.735'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A17.815'], ['G13.750'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Obesity susceptibility loci and dietary intake in the Look AHEAD Trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified consistent associations with obesity. However, the mechanisms remain unclear.OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the association between obesity susceptibility loci and dietary intake.DESIGN: The association of GWAS-identified obesity risk alleles (FTO, MC4R, SH2B1, BDNF, INSIG2, TNNI3K, NISCH-STAB1, MTIF3, MAP2K5, QPCTL/GIPR, and PPARG) with dietary intake, measured through food-frequency questionnaires, was investigated in 2075 participants from the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) clinical trial. We adjusted for age, sex, population stratification, and study site.RESULTS: Obesity risk alleles at FTO rs1421085 significantly predicted more eating episodes per day (P = 0.001)-an effect that persisted after adjustment for body weight (P = 0.004). Risk variants within BDNF were significantly associated with more servings from the dairy product and the meat, eggs, nuts, and beans food groups (P ? 0.004). The risk allele at SH2B1 rs4788099 was significantly associated with more servings of dairy products (P = 0.001), whereas the risk allele at TNNI3K rs1514176 was significantly associated with a lower percentage of energy from protein (P = 0.002).CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that obesity risk loci may affect the pattern and content of food consumption among overweight or obese individuals with type 2 diabetes. The Look AHEAD Genetic Ancillary Study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01270763 and the Look AHEAD study as NCT00017953.
|
['Alleles', 'Dairy Products', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diet', 'Diet Surveys', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Energy Intake', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Genetic Loci', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 22,513,296
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['G07.203.300.350', 'J02.500.350'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['E05.318.308.980.485.350', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469.300', 'N06.850.505.616.300', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469.350'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G05.360.340.024.380'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage as Result of Retrocorporeal Artery Aneurysm Rupture: Rare Sequel of Subclavian Steal Syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Subclavian steal phenomenon can cause retrograde flow in the vertebral artery as a result of ipsilateral occlusion of the subclavian artery. This phenomenon has various clinical presentations, such as claudication of the affected extremity or intermittent vertebrobasilar ischemia. Aneurysm formation in the spinal cord circulation is exceptionally rare but may occur secondary to collateral formation in subclavian steal syndrome.CASE DESCRIPTION: The case presented herein is a 53-year-old male who presented with headache and severe neck pain. Imaging studies revealed that the patient had subarachnoid hemorrhage in the perimedullary and cervicomedullary cisterns and extending to C3-C7 ventrally. Computed tomography angiography reconstruction demonstrated an aneurysmally dilated vessel dorsal to the C6 vertebral body within the spinal canal. Catheter-based angiography of the right subclavian artery demonstrated retrograde flow within the left vertebral artery and confirmed proximal left subclavian artery occlusion, findings diagnostic of subclavian steal. Further, a branch of the right thyrocervical trunk supplied a retrocorporeal artery collateral to the left vertebral artery, which also contributed to the anterior spinal artery.CONCLUSIONS: After endovascular coiling of the aneurysm, the patient had no neurologic deficits or postoperative complications. Postoperative angiography revealed complete obliteration with no residual aneurysm. Imaging further demonstrated patency of the radiculomedullary (anterior spinal) artery.
|
['Aneurysm, Ruptured', 'Computed Tomography Angiography', 'Endovascular Procedures', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck Pain', 'Subarachnoid Hemorrhage', 'Subclavian Steal Syndrome', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 31,574,332
|
[['C14.907.055.185'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.335', 'E01.370.350.567.250', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.335', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.568', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.499'], ['E04.100.814.529', 'E04.502.382'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612.553'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.800', 'C14.907.253.573.800', 'C23.550.414.913.850'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.956.700', 'C14.907.253.092.956.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A national survey of pediatrician knowledge and attitudes regarding human papillomavirus vaccination.
|
OBJECTIVE: A human papillomavirus vaccine was licensed in June 2006. The vaccine is quadrivalent, protecting against 2 human papillomavirus strains that cause cervical cancer and 2 that cause genital warts. The objective of this study was to determine physician characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes associated with an intention to recommend human papillomavirus vaccination.METHODS: Between August and October 2005, a cross-sectional survey was administered to a national network of 431 pediatricians. The network was developed from a random sample of American Academy of Pediatrics members and was designed to be representative of the organization's membership with respect to urban/rural location, practice type, and region. The survey was conducted before human papillomavirus vaccine licensure and therefore focused on a candidate quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine and a range of potential vaccination recommendations. The main outcome measure was intention to recommend a quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine to young adolescent (10- to 12-year-old) females.RESULTS: Survey response rate was 68%. If endorsed by national health organizations, 46% of respondents would recommend vaccination for 10- to 12-year-old females, 77% for 13- to 15-year-old females, and 89% for 16- to 18-year-old females. Corresponding rates for males were 37%, 67%, and 82%, respectively. Whereas 60% of respondents thought that parents would be concerned that human papillomavirus vaccination may encourage risky sexual behaviors, 11% reported that they themselves had this concern. Respondents who believed that other new adolescent immunization recommendations (eg, meningococcal, pertussis) would facilitate human papillomavirus vaccine implementation were more likely to intend to recommend vaccination.CONCLUSIONS: Although a national sample of pediatricians expressed a high level of acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccination in older adolescent females, fewer than one half anticipated giving human papillomavirus vaccine to younger female patients. Provider concerns about parental vaccine acceptance will need to be addressed to optimize human papillomavirus vaccination implementation.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Pediatrics', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Vaccination']
| 17,142,510
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['H02.403.670'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Binding Free Energies of Host-Guest Systems by Nonequilibrium Alchemical Simulations with Constrained Dynamics: Illustrative Calculations and Numerical Validation.
|
In the companion article (Giovannelli et al., 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b00594), we presented an alchemical approach, based on nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, to compute absolute binding free energies of a generic host-guest system. Two alternative computational routes, called binded-domain and single-point alchemical-path schemes, have been proposed. This study is addressed to furnish numerical validation and illustrative examples of the above-mentioned alchemical schemes. Validation is provided by comparing binding free-energy data relative to two poses of a Zn(II)·anion complex with those recovered from an alternative approach, based on steered molecular dynamics simulations. We illustrate important technical and theoretical aspects for a good practice in applying both alchemical schemes, not only through the calculations on the Zn(II)·anion complex, but also estimating absolute binding free energies of 1:1 complexes of â-cyclodextrin with aromatic compounds (benzene and naphthalene). Comparison with experimental data and previous molecular dynamics simulation studies further confirms the validity of the present nonequilibrium-alchemical methodology.
|
['Anions', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Thermodynamics', 'Zinc', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 29,112,430
|
[['D01.248.497.158'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['G01.906'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tissue expander causing iatrogenic difficult intubation.
|
Difficulty during tracheal intubation may occur due to a number of anatomical factors and pathological conditions. These factors may be influenced by earlier surgical manoeuvres, so that difficulty may occasionally be encountered at subsequent operation. One such case of 'iatrogenic' difficulty, where a tissue expander beneath the anterolateral skin of the neck caused transient intubation problems, is reported.
|
['Adolescent', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Neck', 'Surgery, Plastic', 'Tissue Expansion Devices']
| 9,038,458
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['A01.598'], ['H02.403.810.788'], ['E07.695.800', 'E07.858.886']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mesenteric panniculitis. Part 1: MDCT--pictorial review.
|
Mesenteric panniculitis is an uncommon benign inflammatory condition of unknown etiology that involves the adipose tissue of the mesentery and for which an extremely varied terminology has been used, causing considerable confusion. It can be evaluated as a single disease with two pathological subgroups: Mesenteric Panniculitis (MP), representing the very large major subgroup where inflammation and fat necrosis predominate and Retractile Mesenteritis (RM), much rarely found, where fibrosis and retraction predominate. In histo-pathological terms the preferred terminology is sclerosing mesenteritis. We hereby extensively illustrate the characteristic MDCT findings of MP through pictures selected among a collection of cases constituted over a 5-year period. All patients were scanned with 64-row MDCT equipment. We also review the literature and discuss the differential diagnosis. The radiological diagnosis of MP was based on classical CT signs described in the literature and comprising: the presence of a well-defined "mass effect" on neighbouring structures (sign 1) constituted by mesenteric fat tissue of inhomogeneous higher attenuation than adjacent retroperitoneal or mesocolonic fat (sign 2) and containing small soft tissue nodes (sign 3). It may typically be surrounded by a hypoattenuated fatty "halo sign" (sign 4) and an hyperattenuating pseudocapsule may also surround the all entity (sign 5). The last two signs are considered inconstant but very specific. The absence of histological verification constitutes the weakness of our study. The differential diagnosis of MP is extensive and includes all disorders that can affect the mesentery. The most common ones are lymphoma, well-differentiated liposarcoma, peritoneal carcinomatosis, carcinoid tumor, retroperitoneal fibrosis, lipoma, mesenteric desmoid tumor, mesenteric inflammatory pseudotumor, mesenteric fibromatosis and mesenteric edema. PET/CT is proved useful to correctly exclude mesenteric tumoral involvement in patients presenting with typical MR The course of MP is favorable in most cases and progression of MP to retractile mesenteritis not only appears very being rare but finally remains doubtful.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Fat Necrosis', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Panniculitis, Peritoneal', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 22,191,287
|
[['E01.171'], ['C23.550.717.365'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.844.600', 'C17.300.710.600'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prognostic Significance of Serum CEA for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy.
|
BACKGROUND/AIM: To examine the prognostic significance of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT).PATIENTS AND METHODS: In total, 129 stage I NSCLC patients were analyzed and divided into two groups: CEA-High (CEA>5 ng/ml) and CEA-Low (CEA?5 ng/ml).RESULTS: Median follow-up time was 38 months. Overall survival was not significantly different between CEA-High (n=47) and CEA-Low (n=82) patients (57% vs. 63% at 3 years; p=0.39), although progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly worse in CEA-High patients (31% vs. 51% at 3 years; p=0.01). Larger tumor size and high CEA level were independent prognostic factors for worse PFS. Failure pattern analysis showed that regional node or distant recurrence was more common in CEA-High patients (47%) than in CEA-Low patients (29%).CONCLUSION: Patients with CEA-High stage I NSCLC have a higher risk of regional or systemic relapse and should be followed-up carefully.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Radiosurgery', 'Tumor Burden']
| 28,870,949
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E02.815.530', 'E04.525.800.650', 'E05.873.500'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Poly(amidoamine) dendrimer-mediated synthesis and stabilization of silver sulfonamide nanoparticles with increased antibacterial activity.
|
UNLABELLED: Silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) is a topical antibiotic with limited aqueous solubility. In this study, it was shown that poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimer complexes with SD (SDZ) and silver (Ag) could be used for a bottom-up approach to synthesize highly-soluble AgSD nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs were stabilized against crystal growth by electrostatic layer-by-layer (LBL) coating with various PAMAM dendrimers. Additionally, AgNPs can be incorporated in the dendrimer shells that augmented AgSD release. NP formulation in a cream base provided a topical drug-delivery platform with enhanced antibacterial properties against burn-wound infections, comprising three nanostructures i.e., nano-AgSD, AgNPs as well as PAMAM dendrimers, in one efficient, elegant nanosystem.FROM THE CLINICAL EDITOR: In this paper an elegant silver sulfadiazine-based nanoparticle complex is demonstrated with enhanced antibacterial properties and improved solubility for the treatment of burn-wound infections in a topical cr?me formulation.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Dendrimers', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Particle Size', 'Polyamines', 'Silver']
| 22,470,054
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D05.750.327', 'E02.319.300.380.200', 'J01.637.512.600.200'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.092.782'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Coronary vascular responses to chemical stimulation of abdominal visceral organs.
|
Topical application of bradykinin or capsaicin to abdominal visceral organs produces adrenergically mediated, reflex increases in mean arterial pressure and cardiac work. To determine the effects on coronary blood flow, the left main coronary artery of anesthetized cats was perfused at constant pressure with a servo-controlled pump. Cardiovascular parameters were measured during reflex stimulation before and after beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol. Before propranolol, reflex activation led to increases in the double product and myocardial oxygen consumption, usually accompanied by increases in coronary blood flow. However, in 32% of the observations, decreases in flow were observed. During beta-adrenoceptor blockade, reflex stimulation produced increases in cardiac work, whereas the increases in coronary blood flow were attenuated. Marked decreases in average coronary blood flow were observed more frequently (42%). In the presence of propranolol, contrary to the unblocked state, increases in oxygen consumption were achieved by increased oxygen extraction. Subsequent alpha-adrenoceptor blockade with phentolamine abolished all reflex changes. These data indicate that during stimulation of abdominal visceral chemoreceptors, the major coronary response is vasodilation, but in a sizable fraction of cases, abdominal visceral reflexes can produce sympathetically mediated coronary vasoconstriction.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Bradykinin', 'Capsaicin', 'Cats', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Female', 'Gallbladder', 'Heart Rate', 'Male', 'Myocardium', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Perfusion', 'Phentolamine', 'Propranolol', 'Reference Values', 'Reflex', 'Stomach']
| 2,923,235
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D12.644.276.812.169', 'D12.644.400.090', 'D12.644.456.193', 'D12.776.467.812.169', 'D12.776.631.650.090', 'D23.469.050.375.110', 'D23.529.812.169'], ['D02.065.690.500', 'D02.455.326.271.690.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.099', 'D03.132.760.200', 'D10.251.355.325.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.250.125'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['A03.159.439'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.680'], ['D03.383.129.308.754'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['A03.556.875.875']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Considerations for using a geographic information system to assess environmental supports for physical activity.
|
The use of a geographic information system (GIS) to study environmental supports for physical activity raises several issues, including acquisition and development, quality, and analysis. We recommend to public health professionals interested in using GIS that they investigate available data, plan for data development where none exists, ensure the availability of trained personnel and sufficient time, and consider issues such as data quality, analyses, and confidentiality. This article shares information about data-related issues that we encountered when using GIS to validate responses to a questionnaire about environmental supports for physical activity.
|
['Crime', 'Data Collection', 'Environment', 'Geographic Information Systems', 'Humans', 'Motor Activity', 'Public Facilities', 'Recreation', 'Research Personnel', 'Safety', 'Schools', 'Social Environment', 'South Carolina', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Transportation']
| 15,670,452
|
[['I01.198.240', 'I01.880.735.191'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.314', 'L01.470.750.750.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['J03.720'], ['I03.450.642'], ['M01.526.839'], ['N06.850.135.060.075'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.662', 'Z01.107.567.875.750.700'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['J01.937']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Suramin interference with transforming growth factor-beta inhibition of human renal cell carcinoma in culture.
|
Suramin is a polyanionic compound used clinically for the treatment of trypanosomiasis, which is known to inhibit the action of many protein factors in vitro. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a multifunctional regulatory protein which inhibits the growth of renal cell carcinoma in culture. While suramin at 50-500 micrograms/ml had no significant effect on the growth of renal cell carcinoma in culture in our experiments, it did partially reverse the growth inhibition induced by TGF-beta in the two cell lines tested. This effect apparently is caused by suramin's direct interference with 125I-labeled TGF-beta's ability to bind to the cell, and not by any effect of suramin on the TGF-beta receptor. Furthermore, suramin dissociates TGF-beta bound to the cell with a t1/2 of less than 30 min. These results are consistent with those previously reported regarding suramin's interaction with other protein growth factors, and suggest that suramin may interact with the TGF-beta protein itself to inactivate it.
|
['Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Cell Division', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Suramin', 'Transforming Growth Factor beta', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 1,405,609
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.638.555.750', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.650.750', 'D04.615.638.555.750'], ['D12.644.276.374.687', 'D12.644.276.954.775', 'D12.776.467.374.687', 'D12.776.467.942.775', 'D23.529.374.687', 'D23.529.942.775'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Bicavitary cardiac stimulation. Re-assessment and results].
|
In each indication for cardiac stimulation, dual chamber pacing must be considered if stimulation or sensing in the atrium is possible. It is of particular importance in patients with diastolic ventricular dysfunction. The Heart rate is the most important parameter in stress-adaptation; for this reason we propose to use exclusively the VVIR or DDDR stimulation mode in physically active patients. Complications of dual chamber pacing are rare. During follow-up it is important to limit the energy of impulses and so to enhance the longevity of the generator, and to verify other parameters such as adaptation of the rate adaptation sensor and the AV delay intervals for sensed and paced atrial events. Modern technology allows us to reach the two most important goals of cardiac stimulation: avoid syncopes due to excessive bradycardia or asystole and optimize the quality of life of our patients.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Arrhythmias, Cardiac', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Quality of Life', 'Syncope']
| 1,604,292
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['C14.280.067', 'C23.550.073'], ['E02.331.200'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C10.597.606.358.800.600', 'C23.888.592.604.359.800.600']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Fryns syndrome: a rare familial cause of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
|
Fryns syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by diaphragmatic hernia and multiple anomalies. Almost all infants have died at birth, and survivors have had severe mental retardation. The authors report on a family in which three children had diaphragmatic hernia diagnosed prenatally. The first child died of severe pulmonary hypoplasia in the neonatal period. The second survived after diaphragmatic hernia repair, and was found to have Fryns syndrome based on the spectrum of associated anomalies and the family history. He has done well except for significant gastroesophageal reflux, mild developmental delay, and mild hypotonia. The third child's diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed early during fetal life, and the parents chose to terminate the pregnancy. These cases illustrate the spectrum of Fryns syndrome and the importance of a family history in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia. This is the first report of survival of a patient with Fryns syndrome without severe mental retardation.
|
['Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Abortion, Eugenic', 'Adult', 'Child, Preschool', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Female', 'Genetic Counseling', 'Hernia, Diaphragmatic', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Trimester, Second', 'Syndrome', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 7,807,364
|
[['C16.131.077'], ['E04.520.050.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['H01.158.273.343.385.500.384', 'N02.421.308.400'], ['C23.300.707.960.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.707.490'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Induction of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities by interactions of mixtures of air pollutants.
|
The response of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in peas (Pisum sativum var. Waverex) was investigated after three weeks of exposure to mixed fumigations with SO2, NO2 and O3 (0.050 parts per million each) and increasing concentrations of O3 (0-0.150 parts per million). The results show that plants respond similarly to a high concentration (0.150 parts per million) of a single air pollutant (ozone) and to mixtures of air pollutants (SO2, NO2 and O3) when individual concentrations are low (0.050 parts per million each). In both cases, levels of ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were approximately twice those to be found in plants grown in charcoal-filtered air (p less than 0.01).
|
['Air Pollutants', 'Ascorbate Peroxidases', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Fabaceae', 'Fumigation', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Nitrogen Dioxide', 'Ozone', 'Peroxidases', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Sulfur Dioxide']
| 3,508,431
|
[['D27.888.284.101'], ['D08.811.682.732.165'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401'], ['N06.850.780.200.300'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['D01.362.635.600', 'D01.625.550.525', 'D01.650.550.587.625'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['D08.811.682.732'], ['B01.650.560'], ['D01.362.810', 'D01.650.550.850.925', 'D01.875.825.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Decoupling the impact of microRNAs on translational repression versus RNA degradation in embryonic stem cells.
|
Translation and mRNA degradation are intimately connected, yet the mechanisms that link them are not fully understood. Here, we studied these mechanisms in embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Transcripts showed a wide range of stabilities, which correlated with their relative translation levels and that did not change during early ESC differentiation. The protein DHH1 links translation to mRNA stability in yeast; however, loss of the mammalian homolog, DDX6, in ESCs did not disrupt the correlation across transcripts. Instead, the loss of DDX6 led to upregulated translation of microRNA targets, without concurrent changes in mRNA stability. The Ddx6 knockout cells were phenotypically and molecularly similar to cells lacking all microRNAs (Dgcr8 knockout ESCs). These data show that the loss of DDX6 can separate the two canonical functions of microRNAs: translational repression and transcript destabilization. Furthermore, these data uncover a central role for translational repression independent of transcript destabilization in defining the downstream consequences of microRNA loss.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'DEAD-box RNA Helicases', 'Embryonic Stem Cells', 'Gene Knockout Techniques', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'Peptide Chain Termination, Translational', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'RNA Stability', 'RNA-Binding Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 30,044,225
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.735.720.249'], ['A11.872.700.250'], ['E05.393.335.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['G02.111.660.871.720', 'G03.734.871.720'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['G02.111.780'], ['D12.776.157.725', 'D12.776.664.962'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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