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The rhizomes of Alisma orientale and alisol derivatives inhibit allergic response and experimental atopic dermatitis.
|
The 70% ethanol extract of the rhizome of Alisma orientale (Alismatis rhizome) (AOE) was prepared and found to significantly inhibit 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)-catalyzed leukotriene (LT) production from rat basophilic leukemia (RBL)-1 cells and â-hexosaminidase release by antigen-stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. It also attenuated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction in mice. Among the three major triterpene constituents isolated (i.e., alisol B, alisol B 23-acetate, alisol C 23-acetate) as active principles, alisol B and its 23-acetate strongly and significantly inhibited LT production and â-hexosaminidase release between 1-10 µM. On the other hand, all these alisol derivatives significantly and strongly inhibited DTH response after oral administration. In addition, AOE (200 mg/kg/d) was for the first time found to considerably alleviate hapten-induced dermatitis symptoms in NC/Nga mice, an animal model of atopic dermatitis. These results indicate that alisol derivatives possess inhibitory activities on immediate-type as well as delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions and may contribute to the anti-allergic action of AOE.
|
['Alisma', 'Animals', 'Antigens', 'Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cholestenones', 'Dermatitis, Atopic', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Haptens', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Leukemia', 'Leukotrienes', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred ICR', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Phytotherapy', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rhizome', 'beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases']
| 22,975,512
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.050.625.044'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.050'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.583.500.055', 'D12.776.556.579.374.568.500.020'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.265'], ['C16.320.850.210', 'C17.800.174.193', 'C17.800.815.193', 'C17.800.827.210', 'C20.543.480.343'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D23.050.550.480'], ['C20.543.418'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.450', 'D10.251.355.310.166.887', 'D23.469.050.175.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.510', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.510'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['E02.190.755'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['A18.024.937.750', 'A18.400.750'], ['D08.811.277.450.483.180']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
Alamethicin-induced current-voltage curve asymmetry in lipid bilayers.
|
We have examined the causes of the asymmetry of the current-voltage curve induced by addition of alamethicin to one side of a black lipid membrane. We find that the alamethicin-induced current-voltage (I-V) curve has an inherent asymmetry. If it were possible to confine all alamethicin molecules to one side of the membrane, the I-V curve would exhibit a positive branch (voltage being measured with respect to the side of the membrane trans to the alamethicin addition) of steeper logarithmic slope than the negative branch and at a lower absolute value of potential. This condition is not usually realized, however, because alamethicin can leak through the membrane, so that, except at very high alamethicin concentrations and in certain kinds of membranes, the positive branch of the current-voltage curve has the same logarithmic slope as the negative branch and appears to arise from alamethicin which diffuses from the cis to the trans side of the membrane. We develop simple quantitative models for these two cases.
|
['Alamethicin', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Mathematics', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Models, Biological']
| 6,838,983
|
[['D04.345.566.040', 'D12.644.504.111', 'D12.644.641.040'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['H01.548'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E05.599.395']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Towards a solution of the wires' slippage problem of the Ilizarov external fixator.
|
Clinical experience has indicated that many complications during treatment with the Ilizarov method, and mainly tract infection, are related to decreased wire tension. The aim of this work was to evaluate biomechanically a novel wire tensioning and clamping system that will minimise or even diminish the reduction of the wire pretension during treatment. The proposed approach is based on threading of the wire end in a sufficient length. The wire pretension is applied by twisting a nut on the threaded part of the wires against the ring and is recorded by an incorporated force sensor. For biomechanical evaluation, the frame, consisting of a polyethylene bar, simulating the bone fragment, suspended on two rings, was subjected to a dynamic load of 0-800 N at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. After dynamic loading for 20 min, loss of the initial wire pretension for the novel clamping system ranged between 12 and 16%. The average loss for conventionally clamped wires was 75%. The advantages of the novel clamping system were the much greater ability to sustain the transverse load and the easy and effectual wire re-tensioning. Although wire slippage has been avoided with the novel system, wire material yield is still responsible for a pretension loss.
|
['Bone Wires', 'Elasticity', 'Equipment Design', 'Equipment Failure', 'External Fixators', 'Humans', 'Ilizarov Technique', 'Materials Testing', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Tensile Strength', 'Weight-Bearing']
| 25,139,115
|
[['E07.695.370.468', 'E07.858.442.660.460.468', 'E07.858.690.725.460.468'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.325'], ['E07.858.442.660.430', 'E07.858.690.725.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.555.120.380', 'E04.555.300.380'], ['E05.570'], ['G01.374.835'], ['G01.374.850'], ['G01.374.965']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 0
| 0
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|
The developmental stage of the hematopoietic niche regulates lineage in MLL-
|
Leukemia phenotypes vary with age of onset. Delineating mechanisms of age specificity in leukemia could improve disease models and uncover new therapeutic approaches. Here, we used heterochronic transplantation of leukemia driven by MLL/KMT2A translocations to investigate the contribution of the age of the hematopoietic microenvironment to age-specific leukemia phenotypes. When driven by MLL-AF9, leukemia cells in the adult microenvironment sustained a myeloid phenotype, whereas the neonatal microenvironment supported genesis of mixed early B cell/myeloid leukemia. In MLL-ENL leukemia, the neonatal microenvironment potentiated B-lymphoid differentiation compared with the adult. Ccl5 elaborated from adult marrow stroma inhibited B-lymphoid differentiation of leukemia cells, illuminating a mechanism of age-specific lineage commitment. Our study illustrates the contribution of the developmental stage of the hematopoietic microenvironment in defining the age specificity of leukemia.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Chemokine CCL5', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase', 'Leukemia', 'Leukocyte Common Antigens', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein', 'Oncogene Proteins, Fusion', 'Stromal Cells', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 30,728,174
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.250', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.250', 'D23.125.300.110.250', 'D23.469.200.110.250', 'D23.529.374.200.110.250'], ['G05.308.370.500'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500'], ['C04.557.337'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775.400.100.500', 'D12.644.360.587.100.500', 'D12.776.476.592.100.500', 'D12.776.543.733.937.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D12.776.260.560', 'D12.776.624.664.700.148', 'D12.776.930.483'], ['D12.776.602.500.500', 'D12.776.624.664.500'], ['A11.329.830'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
Association of the polymorphisms 292 C>T and 1304 G>A in the SLC38A4 gene with hyperglycaemia.
|
BACKGROUND: The SLC38A4 gene is related to system 'A' activity, which seems to be related to impaired gluconeogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether the 292 C>T and 1304 G>A polymorphisms of SLC38A4 gene are associated with hyperglycaemia in humans.METHODS: A total of 227 individuals were enrolled in a case-control study, in which hyperglycaemia was defined by plasma glucose levels ?95 mg/dL. Genotyping was carried out by using real-time polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: The frequency of mutant alleles of SLC38A4 gene for single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 1304 G>A was 23.6% and 30.2% for SNP 292 C>T. The frequency of allele T for the SNP 292 C>T in the case and control groups did not show significant differences, whereas the frequency of allele A for the SNP 1304 G>A was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (p = 0.04). In the logistic regression analysis, the SNP 1304 G>A [odds ratio (OR) 1.78; 95%CI 1.04-3.05, p = 0.03] but not SNP 292 C>T (OR 1.41; 95%CI 0.80-2.47, p = 0.23) showed a significant association with hyperglycaemia. After adjusting by body mass index, waist circumference and triglycerides, the SNP 1304 G>A remained significantly associated with hyperglycaemia (OR 2.13; 95%CI 1.18-3.83, p = 0.03). Pair wise linkage disequilibrium showed correlation (D' > 0.82) between 292 C>T and 1304 G>A SNPs. Haplotype association with hyperglycaemia also showed significant association between both homozygous mutant alleles (A/T) and hyperglycaemia (OR 1.68; 95%CI 1.01-2.79, p = 0.048).CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that mutant allele A for SNP 1304 G>A of SLC38A4 gene is associated with hyperglycaemia.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alleles', 'Amino Acid Transport System A', 'Body Mass Index', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']
| 22,945,694
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.776.157.530.200.500.100', 'D12.776.543.585.200.500.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['G05.330'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Solid-state NMR studies of biomineralization peptides and proteins.
|
Nature has evolved sophisticated strategies for engineering hard tissues through the interaction of proteins, and ultimately cells, with inorganic mineral phases. This process, called biomineralization, is how living organisms transform inorganic materials such as hydroxyapatite, calcite, and silica into highly intricate and organized structures. The remarkable material properties of shell, bone, and teeth come from the activities of proteins that function at the organic-inorganic interface. A better understanding of the biomolecular mechanisms used to promote or retard the formation of mineral-based structures could provide important design principles for the development of calcification inhibitors and promoters in orthopedics, cardiology, urology, and dentistry. With the knowledge of the structural basis for control of hard tissue growth by proteins, scientists could potentially develop materials using biomimetic principles with applications in catalysis, biosensors, electronic devices, and chromatographic separations, to name a few. Additionally, biomineralization also has potential applications in electronics, catalysis, magnetism, sensory devices, and mechanical design. Where man-made hard materials require the use of extreme temperatures, high pressure, and pH, biological organisms can accomplish these feats at ambient temperature and at physiological pH. Despite the fact that many researchers want to identify and control the structure of proteins at material and biomineral interfaces, there is a decided lack of molecular-level structure information available for proteins at biomaterial interfaces in general. In particular, this holds for mammalian proteins that directly control calcification processes in hard tissue. The most fundamental questions regarding the secondary and tertiary structures of proteins adsorbed to material surfaces, how proteins catalyze the formation of biomineral composites, or how proteins interact at biomaterial interfaces remain unanswered. This is largely due to a lack of methods capable of providing high-resolution structural information for proteins adsorbed to material surfaces under physiologically relevant conditions. In this Account, we highlight recent work that is providing insight into the structure and crystal recognition mechanisms of a salivary protein model system, as well as the structure and interactions of a peptide that catalyzes the formation of biosilica composites. To develop a better understanding of the structure and interactions of proteins in biomaterials, we have used solid-state NMR techniques to determine the molecular structure and dynamics of proteins and peptides adsorbed onto inorganic crystal surfaces and embedded within biomineral composites. This work adds to the understanding of the structure and crystal recognition mechanisms of an acidic human salivary phosphoprotein, statherin.
|
['Calcium Carbonate', 'Durapatite', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Models, Molecular', 'Peptides', 'Proteins', 'Salivary Proteins and Peptides', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 23,932,180
|
[['D01.146.275', 'D01.200.275.150.150', 'D01.578.200'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D12.644'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.644.848', 'D12.776.850'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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| 0
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|
[Effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian damage in rats].
|
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) on ovarian damage induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX) and its mechanism.
Methods: ADMSCs isolated from adipose tissue of female SD rats were cultured and divided into a blank group and a CTX group (n=15 in each group). CTX (75 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally to establish a model of ovarian damage in rats. A total of 45 female SD rats were also divided into 3 groups: Group A (15 rats, only injected intraperitoneally with 75 mg/kg CTX diluted with 1 mL 0.9% saline), Group B [15 rats, injected intraperitoneally with 75 mg/kg CTX diluted with 1 mL 0.9% saline, after 4 estrus cycles, injected 0.6 mL ADMSCs (6?105 cells) by the tail vein], and Group C [15 rats, injected intraperitoneally with 75 mg/kg CTX diluted with 1 mL 0.9% saline, after 4 estrus cycles, injected 40 mL ADMSCs (20 mL per side, 2?104 cells) in situ ovarian]. After 4 estrus cycles, the changes of quality of life, ponderal growth were recorded, the sex hormone levels [estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)] were tested by ELISA, and the morphology of ovarian tissue and follicle count were observed by HE staining. The expression of BMP-15, Bcl-2 and Bax in ovarian tissues were tested by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR or Western blotting. The apoptosis rate of follicular cells was detected by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.
Results: After transplantation of ADMSCs, compared with the Group A, their quality of life of rats in the Group B and C was improved, and the ponderal growth was increased (both P<0.01). Compared with the Group A, the serum E2 levels in the Group B and the Group C were increased (P<0.01, P<0.05), and the FSH levels in the Group B and C were decreased (both P<0.01). The granular cell layer, the number of corpus lutein and the count of various grade follicles were significantly increased, and many new follicles and mature oocytes were observed in the Group B and C. Compared with Group A, the count of primitive follicles, sinusoidal follicles, pre-ovulation follicles and total follicles, and pre-sinusoidal follicles were dramatically increased in the Group B. The follicle at all levels count was increased in the Group C than that in the Group A (all P<0.01). Comparing with the Group A, the expressions of BMP-15 and Bcl-2 were increased (all P<0.01), the expressions of Bax was decreased (both P<0.01), and the apoptosis rates of follicular cells were decreased in the Group B and C (both P<0.01). However, there was no difference between the Group B and the Group C in the above indexes (all P>0.05).
Conclusion: ADMSCs transplantation can effectively repair ovarian damage induced by CTX in rats, which may be achieved by inhibiting mitochondrial apoptosis of granulosa cells.
|
['Animals', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Ovary', 'Quality of Life', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 31,413,210
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Mutant species of EF-Tu, altered at position 375, exhibit a reduced affinity for aminoacylated transfer-RNAs.
|
The interaction between EF-Tu X GTP and aminoacyl-tRNA is shown to be influenced by mutations at site 375 of this three-domain protein. Site 375 is located in domain II near the interface with domain I [(1984) EMBO J. 3, 113-120]. Replacement of the alanine at this site by a threonine or valine residue results in lower binding constants with Phe-tRNA and Tyr-tRNA, as was evaluated by the hydrolysis protection technique. The data are discussed in the light of what is known about the three-dimensional structure of the protein and its interaction sites with aminoacyl-tRNA.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Escherichia coli', 'Guanosine Triphosphate', 'Hydrolysis', 'Kinetics', 'Mutation', 'Peptide Elongation Factor Tu', 'Peptide Elongation Factors', 'RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 3,888,672
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.504', 'D13.695.667.454.504', 'D13.695.827.426.504'], ['G02.380'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.100.700', 'D12.776.157.325.150.700', 'D12.776.835.700.350.700'], ['D12.776.835.700'], ['D12.125.780', 'D13.444.735.757.715'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Docetaxel (Taxotere) in advanced renal cell cancer. A phase II trial of the EORTC Early Clinical Trials Group.
|
Docetaxel (Taxotere), an analogue of paclitaxel, was tested in a phase II study in advanced renal cell carcinoma. Consenting patients with measurable lesions, adequate organ functions and no prior chemotherapy received 100 mg/m2 of docetaxel as a 1-h infusion every 3 weeks. No premedication to avoid hypersensitivity reactions or nausea and emesis was given. 32 eligible patients received 100 treatment cycles. Short-lasting neutropenia was the dose-limiting toxicity. Acute hypersensitivity reactions (HSR), oedema and skin changes were other important side-effects. HSRs regressed spontaneously or were treated with antihistamines with or without corticosteroids. One partial remission was documented. At the dose and schedule used, docetaxel has only low activity against renal cell carcinoma.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Docetaxel', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paclitaxel', 'Taxoids']
| 7,654,430
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.389', 'D02.455.849.291.850.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888', 'D02.455.849.291.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Procalcitonin is a valuable prognostic marker in cardiac surgery but not specific for infection.
|
BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of elevated serum levels of procalcitonin (PCT) in patients early after cardiac surgery on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) remains unclear. In a prospective study, we investigated whether PCT is useful as a prognostic marker in cardiac surgery with respect to mortality, complications and infections, and whether PCT is a specific marker for occurrence of infections.METHODS: Within 8 months, a subset of 80 high-risk patients (APACHE II-score: 25.1 +/- 4.7 (mean +/- SD)) out of a consecutive cohort of 776 patients was investigated. Demographic data, operative data and clinical endpoints (mortality, infection, severe complication) were documented. Serum levels of PCT were analyzed preoperatively and at postoperative day 1.RESULTS: Hospital mortality in this high-risk group was 21.3 %, infections occurred in 33.8 % and complications in 58.8 % of the patients. Preoperative PCT was normal in all patients. Postoperative PCT was increased in non-survivors compared to survivors (34.3 +/- 7.0 ng/ml vs. 15.9 +/- 4.9 ng/ml; p < 0.05), in patients with severe complications (30.3 +/- 6.7 ng/ml vs. 5.5 +/- 1.4 ng/ml; p < 0.05) and in patients with infections (38.4 +/- 11.3 ng/ml vs. 10.8 +/- 1.6 ng/ml; p < 0.05). Area under receiver operating characteristic curve for PCT as predictor of mortality, infections and complications was 0.772 (95 %-confidence-interval (CI): 0.651 - 0.894), 0.720 (95 %-CI: 0.603 - 0.837) and 0.861 (95 %-CI: 0.779 - 0.943), respectively. PCT was not different with infectious compared to non-infectious complications.CONCLUSIONS: High levels of PCT are associated with mortality, infections, and severe complications early after cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass and therefore provide a valuable prognostic marker. However, PCT does not discriminate between infectious and non-infectious complications.
|
['Aged', 'Biomarkers', 'Calcitonin', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Female', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mediastinitis', 'Multiple Organ Failure', 'Pneumonia', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Protein Precursors', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sepsis']
| 14,669,128
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101'], ['D06.472.699.150', 'D06.472.931.052', 'D12.644.400.095', 'D12.644.548.150', 'D12.776.631.650.095'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E04.292.413'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.846.187.790'], ['C23.550.835.525'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.776.811'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C01.757', 'C23.550.470.790.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The evaluation of a semiautomated computer method to determine the effects of DMSO on Giardia lamblia-intestinal cell interaction.
|
In this work, we describe a semiautomated computer method to evaluate the activity of a common drug solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), on in vitro Giardia lamblia-host cell interaction. To compare the number of intestinal cells (IEC-6) and the adhered trophozoites over a specific area in control and treated coculture, a computer routine was created. Using video-light microscopy and digital image-processing tools, the operator was able to count the number of epithelial cells or parasites when they were still lying on the slide surface and without the need to detach them from the substrate for counting with a hemocytometer or other counting devices. Using this strategy, we calculated the total cell number per area and verified the effects of different concentrations of DMSO on G. lamblia-intestinal cell interaction and on the IEC-6 culture. At concentrations of 0.2% and 1%, this solvent produced a fragmentation on the monolayer of epithelial cells. However, DMSO did not affect the attachment of G. lamblia. In the course of these experiments, we compared the semiautomated method to the manual counting method and found that the first one generated smaller standard deviations (SD) than the second.
|
['Animals', 'Automation', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Giardia lamblia', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Microscopy, Video', 'Rats', 'Solvents']
| 17,659,385
|
[['B01.050'], ['J01.897.104'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['A11.436'], ['B01.237.385.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515.690', 'E05.595.690', 'J01.897.280.500.898.475', 'L01.178.820.090.898.475', 'L01.178.847.823.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D27.720.844']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of the effects of 17beta-estradiol (17beta-e2) on gene expression in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis using DNA microarray.
|
The aim of this study was to identify immune-related genes affected by treatment with 17beta-estradiol (17beta-E2) that contribute to protection of T cell antigen receptor double transgenic mice from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). The Affymetrix microarray system was used to screen more than 12,000 genes from E2-treated mice protected from EAE vs. control mice with severe EAE. In general, E2 treatment affected about 10% of the genes tested, but only 18 cytokine, chemokine/receptor, adhesion molecule, or activation genes were up- or down-regulated more than 2.4-fold by E2 treatment. Down-regulated genes included TNFalpha (an important proinflammatory cytokine in EAE); peptidoglycan recognition proteins (Pgrp); regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES); and neural cell adhesion molecule (MCP-1). Up-regulated genes included cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4; known to inhibit T cell activation), TGFbeta3, IL-18, and two interferon-gamma-induced genes, the chemokines: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta (MIP-1beta), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and disintegrin metalloprotease (thought to regulate TNFalpha production). These results implicate a limited set of known and previously unsuspected E2-sensitive genes that may be crucial for inhibition of EAE and potentially the human disease, multiple sclerosis.
|
['Animals', 'Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental', 'Estradiol', 'Female', "Freund's Adjuvant", 'Gene Expression', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Nuclease Protection Assays', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Ribonucleases']
| 11,751,623
|
[['B01.050'], ['C10.114.703.300', 'C10.228.140.695.562.250', 'C10.314.350.250', 'C20.111.258.625.300', 'E05.598.500.500.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D20.475'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.393.600'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D08.811.277.352.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
CSF shunt infections in children.
|
The incidence of shunt infections and possible risk factors was investigated by chart analysis. From 1986 to 1989 350 shunt procedures were performed including 273 ventriculoperitoneal shunts and 75 ventriculoatrial shunts. Twenty-eight infectious episodes (8%) occurred in 25 patients during a median follow-up time of 20 months. For 204 patients the follow-up time could be prolonged until September 1992. In these patients no infectious episodes occurred in the extended observation period. In 24 cases (85.7%) a causative organism could be isolated. The infecting organisms were gram-positive cocci in 22 cases (78.6%) and gram-negative bacilli in two cases. The main signs and symptoms were fever, shunt malfunction and meningeal irritation, and with VP-shunts only, abdominal pain. Twenty-four infectious episodes were treated with antibiotics and immediate removal of the shunt. The remaining were managed with antibiotics only. The risk for shunt infection did not correlate with age or sex of patients, nor with the etiology of hydrocephalus, type of shunt implanted or perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis. However, a trend showing a higher risk for shunt infections with prolonged operation time was noticed. The infection rate was 13.6% for an operation lasting more than 90 minutes versus 5.2% for procedures of less than 30 minutes duration.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections', 'Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections', 'Heart Atria', 'Humans', 'Hydrocephalus', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Recurrence', 'Reoperation', 'Risk Factors', 'Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt']
| 8,491,526
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E04.035.188', 'E04.525.170'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C01.150.252.400'], ['C01.150.252.410'], ['A07.541.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.602'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E04.690'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E04.035.188.850', 'E04.525.170.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of playing video games on perceptions of one's humanity.
|
According to self-perception theory, individuals infer their characteristics by observing their own behavior. In the present research, the hypothesis is examined whether helping behavior increases perceptions of one's own humanity even when help is given that does not benefit a real person. In fact, two studies revealed that playing a prosocial video game (where the goal is to help and care for other game characters) led to increased perceptions of the player's own humanity (in particular, for positive humanity traits). Results also revealed that playing a violent, relative to a neutral, video game decreased perceptions of humanity on positive humanity traits and increased perceptions of humanity on negative humanity traits. Taken together, it appears that being helpful while playing video games leads to the perception of being more human, whereas being harmful while playing video games leads players to perceive themselves negatively.
|
['Adult', 'Aggression', 'Dehumanization', 'Female', 'Helping Behavior', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Play and Playthings', 'Self Concept', 'Video Games', 'Violence']
| 23,951,954
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['F01.145.813.191'], ['F01.145.813.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I03.450.642.693'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['I03.450.642.693.930', 'L01.224.900.930'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Polycaprolactone electrospun fiber scaffold loaded with iPSCs-NSCs and ASCs as a novel tissue engineering scaffold for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
|
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic disease of the central nervous system, accompanied with high incidence and high disability rate. Tissue engineering scaffold can be used as therapeutic systems to provide effective repair for SCI.Purpose: In this study, a novel tissue engineering scaffold has been synthesized in order to explore the effect of nerve repair on SCI.Patients and methods: Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds loaded with actived Schwann cells (ASCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells -derived neural stem cells (iPSC-NSCs), a combined cell transplantation strategy, were prepared and characterized. The cell-loaded PCL scaffolds were further utilized for the treatment of SCI in vivo. Histological observation, behavioral evaluation, Western-blot and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the nerve repair of Wistar rats after scaffold transplantation.Results: The iPSCs displayed similar characteristics to embryonic stem cells and were efficiently differentiated into neural stem cells in vitro. The obtained PCL scaffolds wer?0.5 mm in thickness with biocompatibility and biodegradability. SEM results indicated that the ASCs and (or) iPS-NSCs grew well on PCL scaffolds. Moreover, transplantation reduced the volume of lesion cavity and improved locomotor recovery of rats. In addition, the degree of spinal cord recovery and remodeling maybe closely related to nerve growth factor and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor. In summary, our results demonstrated that tissue engineering scaffold treatment could increase tissue remodeling and could promote motor function recovery in a transection SCI model.Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence for using tissue engineering scaffold as a clinically viable treatment for SCI in the future.
|
['Animals', 'Axons', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Cell Separation', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Fetal Blood', 'Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Mice', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Neural Stem Cells', 'Polyesters', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Schwann Cells', 'Spinal Cord', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds']
| 30,349,249
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['F01.145.113'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['A11.872.040.500', 'A11.872.700.500'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['A11.872.653'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A08.637.800', 'A08.800.800.690', 'A11.650.800'], ['A08.186.854'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparative study of copper ion induced lysis of vertebrate red blood cells.
|
1. Erythrocytes from different vertebrate classes were tested for susceptibility towards copper ion-induced lysis under identical copper ion concentration and per cent cell volumes. 2. The susceptibility towards lysis was found to be correlated with the rate of copper ion entry into the erythrocytes. 3. GSH levels decline in red blood cells at a rate proportional to the rate of copper ion entry. 4. Hemolysis does not seem to be causally related to the level of GSH in the erythrocytes.
|
['Animals', 'Copper', 'Glutathione', 'Hemolysis', 'Humans', 'Species Specificity', 'Vertebrates']
| 2,905,946
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['C23.550.403', 'G12.122.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.050.150.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of cytomegalovirus viremia on subclinical rejection or interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy in protocol biopsy at 3 months in renal allograft recipients managed by preemptive therapy or antiviral prophylaxis.
|
BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a risk factor for acute renal allograft rejection. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of CMV viremia on subclinical rejection (SCR) and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) in protocol biopsy at 3 months after transplantation.METHODS: A total of 118 consecutive renal transplant recipients at risk for CMV (donor and recipient CMV seropositive) were included and followed up prospectively. Protocol biopsies with sufficient tissue were obtained in 102 patients. CMV activity was monitored using real-time polymerase chain reaction in whole blood. Three-month prophylaxis with valacyclovir or ganciclovir was given in 60 patients, whereas the remaining 42 patients were managed by preemptive therapy. Multivariate logistic stepwise regression analysis was used to estimate the effect of CMV viremia and other covariates on SCR and IF/TA.RESULTS: CMV viremia occurred in 41% of the patients with a median peak viral load of 1300 copies/mL. The incidence of SCR and IF/TA was 29% and 28%, respectively. CMV viremia was not a risk factor for SCR (OR=0.77, P=0.551); however, viremia of more than or equal to 2000 copies/mL increased the risk of IF/TA (OR=3.83, P=0.023). Biopsy-proven acute rejection (OR=3.34, P=0.009) and sirolimus-based immunosuppression (OR=6.13, P=0.008) were independent predictors of SCR. Delayed-graft function (OR=6.02, P=0.001) and donor age (OR=1.53 per 10-year increase, P=0.009) were associated with IF/TA.CONCLUSIONS: CMV viremia is not an independent risk factor for SCR. CMV viremia with viral load of more than or equal to 2000 copies/mL is associated with increased risk of IF/TA in protocol biopsy at 3 months after transplantation.
|
['Adult', 'Antiviral Agents', 'Atrophy', 'Biopsy', 'Cyclosporine', 'Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Selection', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Survival Analysis', 'Survivors', 'Time Factors', 'Viral Load', 'Viremia']
| 19,202,451
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388'], ['C23.300.070'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['D04.345.566.235.300', 'D12.644.641.235.300'], ['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['C23.550.355'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.581.500.653', 'N04.590.731'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['M01.860'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850'], ['C01.925.937', 'C23.550.470.790.500.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
cDNA cloning, characterization, expression and recombinant protein production of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) from the marsupial, the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula).
|
A reverse transcription technique using RNA templates combined with polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to clone the cDNA fragment encoding the amino acid sequence of mature LIF protein of the marsupial, the brushtail possum, Trichosurus vulpecula. A PCR product with expected size, of 546bp, and termed tvLIF, was obtained using cDNA reverse-transcribed from total RNA isolated from possum uterus. A genomic DNA fragment (about 650bp) between the specified primers was also amplified, indicating the similarity in structure and organization of this gene and LIF genes from studied eutherian species, although the full-length of its cDNA and genomic DNA needs to be further clarified. The deduced amino acid sequence of tvLIF shows a high level of sequence identity and similar molecular characteristics to eutherian LIF, which suggests similar biological actions of this molecule in this marsupial. Because the expression of LIF gene in other mammalian species has been found to be at very low levels and its transcripts cannot be detected by Northern hybridization analysis, the expression pattern of tvLIF in adult tissues and reproductive tracts during early development was investigated using the RT-PCR technique. Resultant products of the RT-PCR were further analyzed by Southern hybridization using tvLIF as a probe. tvLIF transcripts were detected in most of the adult tissues and in the reproductive tracts of pregnant females. These results lend support to the idea that LIF contributes to the maintenance of pregnancy in this marsupial.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Glutathione Transferase', 'Growth Inhibitors', 'Interleukin-6', 'Leukemia Inhibitory Factor', 'Lymphokines', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Opossums', 'Pregnancy', 'Protein Conformation', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 10,675,625
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['G05.297'], ['D08.811.913.225.500'], ['D27.505.696.377.450'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.470', 'D12.776.467.374.470', 'D23.529.374.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.573.575'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aberrant course of the intracranial facial nerve in cases of atresia of the internal auditory canal (IAC).
|
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to describe the morphology of the rare malformation that is atresia of the internal auditory canal (IAC) and determine the course of the facial nerve in cases of normal facial nerve function.METHODS: Index cases were retrospectively selected from our electronic database in which all inner ear malformations presenting to a tertiary referral center between 1995 and 2010 are collected. Computed tomography (CT) data and magnetic resonance (MR) images were reviewed by two neuroradiologists. An otolaryngologist analyzed the patients' clinical data.RESULTS: Nine ears of six patients (three bilateral, three unilateral) with atresia of the IAC were identified. All patients presented with sensory neural hearing loss. Two of these unilaterally affected patients had facial nerve palsy. In the other seven cases of complete atresia of the IAC, the facial nerve was dislocated in its cisternal segment close to the trigeminal nerve. Where the nerve fibers enter the Gasserian ganglion, the facial nerve takes a sharp lateral turn and enters a minute canal by which it reaches the geniculate ganglion. In the two ears with facial nerve palsy, this pathway could not be identified.CONCLUSIONS: In atresia of the IAC, the facial nerve takes a ventral and superior course, with its own canal starting at the point where the trigeminal nerve enters the Gasserian ganglion. Facial nerve palsy points to absence of this aberrant temporal facial nerve canal.
|
['Child, Preschool', 'Ear, Inner', 'Facial Nerve', 'Facial Paralysis', 'Female', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 21,448,638
|
[['M01.060.406.448'], ['A09.246.300'], ['A08.800.050.050.275', 'A08.800.050.600.149', 'A08.800.800.060.275', 'A08.800.800.120.250'], ['C07.465.327', 'C10.597.622.214', 'C23.888.592.636.214'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Endogenous GABA acts on GABAB receptors in nucleus tractus solitarius to increase blood pressure.
|
Previous studies found that injection of the GABA uptake inhibitor nipecotic acid into the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) increases arterial pressure. This effect of nipecotic acid was not antagonized by the selective GABAA receptor blocking agent bicuculline, suggesting that the action of nipecotic acid was mediated through an action of GABA on GABAB receptors in the NTS. The present studies examined this issue using a newly described GABAB antagonist, phaclofen. Injection of phaclofen (4 nmol in 100 nl artificial CSF) into the NTS of chloralose-anesthetized rats produced a slight decrease in arterial pressure (-8 +/- 2 mmHg) lasting less than 1 min. Smaller doses had no effect. Phaclofen antagonized in a dose-dependent (0.5-4 nmol) manner the increase in arterial pressure produced by injection into the NTS of the GABAB agonist baclofen (5-100 pmol). In contrast, phaclofen had no effect on the pressor response elicited by injection into the NTS of the GABAA agonist muscimol. Phaclofen (4 nmol) injected into the NTS totally reversed the increase in blood pressure elicited by injection into the NTS of a maximally effective dose of nipecotic acid (10 nmol). Phaclofen also inhibited the pressor response elicited by injection into the NTS of another indirectly acting GABA agonist, gamma-vinylGABA (GVG). Although GVG is an effective inhibitor of GABA transaminase, the enzyme involved in the metabolism of GABA, the time course of inhibition of GABA transaminase evoked by GVG was not consistent with the pressor response being produced by this mechanism. However, the pressor response elicited by GVG is consistent with its reported ability to inhibit GABA uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase', 'Aminocaproates', 'Animals', 'Baclofen', 'Blood Pressure', 'GABA Antagonists', 'GABA-A Receptor Antagonists', 'Male', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Muscimol', 'Nipecotic Acids', 'Proline', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, GABA-A', 'Vigabatrin', 'gamma-Aminobutyric Acid']
| 2,175,240
|
[['D08.811.913.477.700.200'], ['D02.241.081.193.150', 'D12.125.213'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.300', 'D27.505.696.577.240.300'], ['D27.505.519.625.240.300.500', 'D27.505.696.577.240.300.500'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['D03.383.129.462.470', 'D23.946.587.587'], ['D03.066.566', 'D03.383.621.566'], ['D12.125.072.401.623'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175.562', 'D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.100', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175.562', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175.562', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.100', 'D12.776.543.750.130.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.300.300'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350.900', 'D12.125.190.350.900'], ['D02.241.081.114.500.350', 'D12.125.190.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activity regulates pain signaling.
|
Several molecules and cellular pathways have been implicated in nociceptive signaling, but their precise molecular mechanisms have not been clearly defined. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase implicated in the development and disease of the mammalian nervous system. The precise role of this kinase in sensory pathways has not been well characterized. Here we report a molecular role for Cdk5 in nociception. We identified the expression of Cdk5 and its activator p35 in nociceptive neurons, which is modulated during a peripheral inflammatory response. Increased calpain activity in sensory neurons after inflammation resulted in the cleavage of p35 to p25, which forms a more stable complex with Cdk5 and, consequently, leads to elevation of Cdk5 activity. p35 knockout mice (p35(-/-)), which exhibit significantly decreased Cdk5 activity, showed delayed responses to painful thermal stimulation compared with WT controls. In contrast, mice overexpressing p35, which exhibit elevated levels of Cdk5 activity, were more sensitive to painful thermal stimuli than were controls. In conclusion, our data demonstrate a role for Cdk5/p35 activity in primary afferent nociceptive signaling, suggesting that Cdk5/p35 may be a target for the development of analgesic drugs.
|
['Animals', 'Calpain', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5', 'Female', 'Ganglia, Spinal', 'Hot Temperature', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Nociceptors', 'Pain', 'Phosphotransferases', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spinal Cord', 'Trigeminal Ganglion']
| 16,407,116
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.120', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.120'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.500.500', 'D12.644.360.250.067.875', 'D12.776.167.200.067.875', 'D12.776.476.250.067.875'], ['A08.340.390.340', 'A08.800.350.340', 'A08.800.800.720.725.350'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['C23.550.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.675.650.915.875', 'A08.800.950.875', 'A11.671.650.915.875'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['D08.811.913.696'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A08.186.854'], ['A08.340.390.850', 'A08.800.350.850', 'A08.800.800.120.760.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Tissue basophils of the thyroid gland in separate and combined exposure to ionizing radiation and ethanol].
|
Experiments with male albino rats gave evidence that a single intraperitoneal injection of 15% ethanol at the doses of 0.28 and 2.25 g/kg resulted in enhanced elimination of biologically active substances by tissue basophils (TB) both due to intensified degranulation and greater number of TB in the thyroid gland. Single total exposure to ionizing radiation at the doses of 5, 10, and 20 Gy stimulated the functional activity of TB with simultaneous accumulation of biologically inactive substances. Radio modifying effect of ethanol with respect to thyroid TB consisted of an increase of their number and a decrease in the extent of degranulation which was not dependent on the sequence of radiation exposure and ethanol injection.
|
['Animals', 'Basophil Degranulation Test', 'Ethanol', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Male', 'Mast Cells', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation, Ionizing', 'Rats', 'Thyroid Gland']
| 9,244,505
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.812.100', 'E05.200.812.100', 'E05.478.594.100'], ['D02.033.375'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['A11.329.427', 'A15.382.652'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['G01.750.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A06.300.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Binge eating and binge-eating disorder in Black women: A systematic review.
|
OBJECTIVE: Although several effective behavioral treatments for binge-eating disorder (BED) exist, there are racial disparities in treatment access, with African-Americans and/or Black individuals having some of the lowest rates of access to care. Little is known about the experience and treatment of binge eating (BE) and BED among Black women.METHOD: This systematic review, conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, synthesizes information related to BE and BED in Black women.RESULTS: A total of N = 38 studies met our eligibility criteria. We did not identify any systematic risk of bias across studies. The majority of included studies used cross-sectional survey methodology, and relied on interview (EDE) and self-report measures (particularly the Binge Eating Scale, BES) for the assessment of BE. Outcomes were inconsistently measured across trials, and there are limited data on the results of evidence-based treatments for BE/BED in Black women.DISCUSSION: Although Black women have similar or higher rates of BE than White women, most research on BE and BED has focused on White women, with Black individuals underrepresented in clinical trials. Future research should examine evidence-based treatments to prevent and treat BED in this population.OBJETIVO: Aunque existen varios tratamientos conductuales que son efectivos para el Trastorno de Atracones (BED, por sus siglas en ingl?s), existen disparidades raciales en el acceso a tratamiento, con individuos Afroamericanos y/o personas de color teniendo algunas de las tasas m?s bajas de acceso al cuidado de la salud. Se sabe muy poco acerca de la experiencia y tratamiento del comer en atracones (BE, por sus siglas en ingl?s) y BED entre mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color. M?TODO: Esta revisi?n sistem?tica, realizada bajo lineamientos de las gu?as PRISMA, sintetiza informaci?n relacionada con BE y BED en mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color.RESULTADOS: Un total de N = 38 estudios cumplieron con nuestros criterios de elegibilidad. No identificamos ning?n riesgo sistem?tico de sesgo entre los estudios. La mayor?a de los estudios incluidos utilizaron una metodolog?a de encuesta transversal y se basaron en la entrevista (EDE) y las medidas de autoinforme (en particular, la Binge Eating Scale, BES) para la evaluaci?n de BE. Los resultados se midieron de manera inconsistente entre los ensayos, y hay datos limitados sobre los resultados de los tratamientos basados en la evidencia para BE/BED en mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color. DISCUSI?N: Aunque las mujeres afroamericanas y/o de color tienen tasas similares o m?s altas de BE que las mujeres blancas, la mayor?a de las investigaciones sobre BE y BED se han centrado en las mujeres blancas, con individuos afroamericanos y/o de color subrepresentados en ensayos cl?nicos. La investigaci?n futura deber?a examinar los tratamientos basados en la evidencia para prevenir y tratar el BED en esta poblaci?n.
|
['African Americans', 'Binge-Eating Disorder', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male']
| 31,922,293
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['F03.400.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mutual dependence of calcitonin-gene related peptide and acetylcholine release in neuromuscular preparations.
|
To investigate the mutual dependence of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and acetylcholine release, we examined the effect of a cholinesterase inhibitor neostigmine on the release of CGRP-like immunoreactivity in rat phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm muscle preparation, and conversely, the effect of CGRP on [3H]acetylcholine release from motor nerve terminals loaded with [3H]choline in the same preparations of mice. Release of CGRP-like immunoreactivity was increased by electrical nerve stimulation (train of 40 pulses of 200 micros pulse duration and frequency of 50 Hz applied every 10 s) in the whole preparation but not in the segmental preparation containing the endplate region. Neostigmine (0.1-0.3 microM) enhanced the resting release of CGRP-like immunoreactivity in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas it depressed the nerve-evoked release of CGRP-like immunoreactivity. CGRP (1 microM) added to perfusate decreased nerve-evoked [3H]acetylcholine release. These results suggest that CGRP, which is released by electrical nerve stimulation or a cholinesterase inhibitor in intact skeletal muscles, negatively modulates nerve-evoked acetylcholine release.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide', 'Cholinesterase Inhibitors', 'Diaphragm', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Motor Neurons', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Neostigmine', 'Neuromuscular Junction', 'Phrenic Nerve', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 9,253,944
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.644.400.097', 'D12.776.631.650.097'], ['D27.505.519.389.275', 'D27.505.519.625.120.300', 'D27.505.696.577.120.300'], ['A02.633.567.900.300'], ['E05.723.402'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['A08.675.655.500', 'A11.671.655.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D02.092.877.674.666', 'D02.675.276.602'], ['A08.800.550.550.550', 'A08.850.550.550', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550'], ['A08.800.800.720.150.700'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Loss of expression of ì-protocadherin and protocadherin-24 in sporadic and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancers.
|
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a neoplastic disease in which normal mucosa undergoes a process of malignant transformation due to the progressive accumulation of molecular alterations affecting proto-oncogenes and oncosuppressor genes. Some of these modifications exert their carcinogenic potential by promoting a constitutive activation of the â-catenin signaling proliferation pathway, and when present, loss of cadherin expression also significantly contributes to the same effect. Using a combined approach of molecular and immunohistochemical analysis, we have previously demonstrated that most sporadic CRCs exhibit a down-regulated expression of a cadherin, named ì-protocadherin, that is generally observed in association with a higher proliferation rate and a worse prognosis. The aim of this report was to perform a comparative immunohistochemical assessment of ì-protocadherin and a similar cadherin, named protocadherin-24, in sporadic CRC and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. The data obtained put in evidence that double-negative CRCs, lacking both the analyzed protocadherins, are more represented among sporadic tumors, whereas double-positive CRCs, maintaining their expression, exhibit an opposite trend. As expected, loss of protocadherin expression was accompanied by nuclear localization of â-catenin and increased positivity of the Ki-67 proliferation marker. This finding is consistent with the different clinical evolution of the 2 considered CRC sets according to which patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer experience a better prognosis as compared with those affected by a sporadic CRC.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cadherins', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 30,296,522
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.190', 'C04.700.250', 'C06.301.371.411.307.190', 'C06.405.249.411.307.190', 'C06.405.469.158.356.190', 'C06.405.469.491.307.190', 'C16.320.700.250', 'C18.452.284.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Percutaneous drainage of abscesses in the postoperative abdomen that is difficult to explore.
|
We have evaluated our experience with computerized tomography and ultrasonography guided percutaneous drainage of extrahepatic abdominal fluid collections in a group of 22 patients. The most common goal was to avoid or delay surgery on abdomens in which reoperation would be difficult, mainly in high-risk patients. Drainage of pancreatic fluid collections or abscesses was also attempted in a small number of the patients. Percutaneous drainage was curative in 69 percent of those with nonpancreatic abscesses but in only 33 percent of those with abscesses associated with the pancreas. There were no complications attributable to the procedure or to delays in subsequent surgical drainage. Two patients died from problems not directly related to the use of percutaneous drainage. Percutaneous catheter drainage of nonpancreatic abdominal abscesses can play a useful role in patients who are carefully selected because they possess a complex abdominal anatomy distorted by previous surgery and infection or they are at high risk if surgical exploration is carried out.
|
['Abdomen', 'Abscess', 'Drainage', 'Humans', 'Pancreatic Diseases', 'Postoperative Care', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography']
| 3,887,956
|
[['A01.923.047'], ['C01.830.025', 'C23.550.470.756.100'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.689'], ['E02.760.731.700', 'E04.604.500', 'N02.421.585.722.700'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Comparative gene expression profiling of in vitro differentiated megakaryocytes and erythroblasts identifies novel activatory and inhibitory platelet membrane proteins.
|
To identify previously unknown platelet receptors we compared the transcriptomes of in vitro differentiated megakaryocytes (MKs) and erythroblasts (EBs). RNA was obtained from purified, biologically paired MK and EB cultures and compared using cDNA microarrays. Bioinformatical analysis of MK-up-regulated genes identified 151 transcripts encoding transmembrane domain-containing proteins. Although many of these were known platelet genes, a number of previously unidentified or poorly characterized transcripts were also detected. Many of these transcripts, including G6b, G6f, LRRC32, LAT2, and the G protein-coupled receptor SUCNR1, encode proteins with structural features or functions that suggest they may be involved in the modulation of platelet function. Immunoblotting on platelets confirmed the presence of the encoded proteins, and flow cytometric analysis confirmed the expression of G6b, G6f, and LRRC32 on the surface of platelets. Through comparative analysis of expression in platelets and other blood cells we demonstrated that G6b, G6f, and LRRC32 are restricted to the platelet lineage, whereas LAT2 and SUCNR1 were also detected in other blood cells. The identification of the succinate receptor SUCNR1 in platelets is of particular interest, because physiologically relevant concentrations of succinate were shown to potentiate the effect of low doses of a variety of platelet agonists.
|
['Cell Differentiation', 'Erythroblasts', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Megakaryocytes', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins']
| 17,192,395
|
[['G04.152'], ['A11.148.378.590.837.250.200', 'A11.443.240.497.200', 'A15.378.316.378.590.837.250.200'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.148.479', 'A15.378.316.479'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['D12.776.395.550.625', 'D12.776.543.550.625', 'D12.776.543.750.705.675']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Effects of oxidative stress on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of oxidative stress on ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats.METHODS: AMI was induced in 20 SD rats by ligation of the anterior descending coronary artery, and another 12 rats without the ligation served as the sham-operated group. Six weeks after the operation, the heart mass index (HMI), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), right ventricular mass index (RVMI), the indexes of heart function, cardiac myocyte apoptosis index, collagen content and collagen I/III ratio and the indexes of oxidative stress were measured.RESULTS: After AMI, HMI, LVMI and RVMI increased significantly (P<0.05), the heart function deteriorated significantly (P<0.01), and the cardiac myocyte apoptosis index in the non-infarct area, collagen content and collagen I/III ratio in the infarct and non-infarct areas were all significantly increased (P<0.05 or 0.01). Myocardial superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was significantly lowered after AMI, which resulted in significantly increased myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA) level and decreased ratio of SOD/MDA (P<0.05). Correlations were found between the indexes of oxidative stress in myocardium, those of the heart function and those pertaining to ventricular remodeling after AMI.CONCLUSION: Oxidative stress may be involved in ventricular remodeling after AMI, and antioxidants can be an option for treatment of ventricular remodeling.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Male', 'Malondialdehyde', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardium', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Superoxide Dismutase', 'Ventricular Remodeling']
| 19,033,120
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.047.700'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D08.811.682.881'], ['C23.300.985', 'G09.330.955.975']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Say Yes First: follow up of a five-year rural drug prevention program.
|
Say Yes First--To Rural Youth and Family Alcohol/Drug Prevention (SYF) was a 5-year, federally-funded U.S.D.H.H.S. Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) project that involved 859 children in the class of the year 2000. The children in four rural school districts were followed from Grade 4 to Grade 8 from 1991 to 1996. Initial results in a previous publication showed significant lower drug usage in this cohort than comparison students. A follow-up of 120 SYF participants and 136 comparison students in high schools using the National Youth Survey (Follow Up Questionnaire) indicated lower usage of alcohol, tobacco and other drugs for the program students and lower lifetime prevalence of marijuana use for program vs. comparison students. SYF students had higher course grades, lower school absenteeism, more positive attitudes toward school, less trouble in school and less negative self-appraisal. Program students also reported greater participation in sports, more family communication and fewer disagreements or arguments with their parents.
|
['Child', 'Child Health Services', 'Colorado', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Prevalence', 'Rural Health Services', 'School Health Services', 'Students', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 15,468,749
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['N02.421.143.130'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N02.421.816'], ['N02.421.726.809'], ['M01.848'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Tuberlatum coatsi gen. n., sp. n. (Alveolata, Perkinsozoa), a New Parasitoid with Short Germ Tubes Infecting Marine Dinoflagellates.
|
Perkinsozoa is an exclusively parasitic group within the alveolates and infections have been reported from various organisms, including marine shellfish, marine dinoflagellates, freshwater cryptophytes, and tadpoles. Despite its high abundance and great genetic diversity revealed by recent environmental rDNA sequencing studies, Perkinsozoa biodiversity remains poorly understood. During the intensive samplings in Korean coastal waters during June 2017, a new parasitoid of dinoflagellates was detected and was successfully established in culture. The new parasitoid was most characterized by the presence of two to four dome-shaped, short germ tubes in the sporangium. The opened germ tubes were biconvex lens-shaped in the top view and were characterized by numerous wrinkles around their openings. Phylogenetic analyses based on the concatenated SSU and LSU rDNA sequences revealed that the new parasitoid was included in the family Parviluciferaceae, in which all members were comprised of two separate clades, one containing Parvilucifera species (P. infectans, P. corolla, and P. rostrata), and the other containing Dinovorax pyriformis, Snorkelia spp., and the new parasitoid from this study. Based on morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular data, we propose to erect a new genus and species, Tuberlatum coatsi gen. n., sp. n., from the new parasitoid found in this study. Further, we examined and discussed the validity of some diagnostic characteristics reported for parasitoids in the family Parviluciferaceae at both the genus and species levels.
|
['Alveolata', 'Dinoflagellida', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Algal', 'RNA, Protozoan', 'Republic of Korea', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 30,797,136
|
[['B01.043'], ['B01.043.214'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.130'], ['D13.444.735.650'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Evolutionary mechanisms and population dynamics of the third variable envelope region of HIV within single hosts.
|
Clonal diversifications of HIV virus were monitored by periodic samplings on each of the six patients with regard to 183- to 335-bp segments of the env gene, which invariably included the functionally critical V3 region. Subsequently, six individual phylogenetic trees of viral variants were constructed. It was found that at one time or another during the course of disease progression, viral variants were inexplicably released from a strong negative selection against nonsynonymous base substitutions, possibly indicating positive selection. This resulted in concentrated amino acid substitutions at five specific sites within the V3 region. It was noted that these sites were often involved as antigenic determinants that provoked the host immune response and that these sites were also involved in the determination of viral phenotypes as to their cell tropism, syncytium formation capability, and replication rates.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genes, env', 'Genetic Variation', 'HIV', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Phylogeny', 'Population Dynamics', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Sequence Analysis', 'Time Factors']
| 9,037,041
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875.172', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875.172', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500.172'], ['G05.365'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.558'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['G05.783'], ['E05.393.760'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Metabolic disposition of N,N-dibenzyldaunorubicin in the rat.
|
The more efficacious and less cardiotoxic analogue of daunorubicin, N,N-dibenzyldaunorubicin (B2D), was found to be metabolized in rats by stepwise debenzylation that was superimposed on the known anthracycline metabolism via 13-ketone reduction and deglycosidation. Using high-pressure liquid chromatography for resolution and fluorescence for detection, we observed a series of metabolites in plasma, liver, heart, muscle, and lungs of rats receiving 10 mg B2D per kg, i.v., i.p., and p.o. Rats receiving 40 mg B2D per kg, i.v., died immediately, but this dose given p.o. was not lethal during 24 hr. Patterns of B2D and metabolites varied quantitatively with tissue and route of administration. Rat liver perfusion studies indicated extensive metabolism of B2D compared with limited metabolism of doxorubicin. These observations were consistent with an observed major first-pass effect on B2D in intact rats given B2D p.o. The predominant metabolites of B2D were the glycosidic derivatives, N-benzyldaunorubicin, daunorubicin, and their 13-dihydro derivatives. These metabolites of B2D had exhibited activity against mouse leukemia P388 as did B2D and were active in in vitro tests in which B2D was essentially inactive. These results indicate that B2D acts as a prodrug for a series of active metabolites. Conversion of B2D to these metabolites was relatively more efficient after p.o. administration than following i.v. or i.p. treatments.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Daunorubicin', 'Female', 'Kinetics', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Muscles', 'Myocardium', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 6,831,396
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.050.200', 'D04.615.562.050.200', 'D09.408.051.059.200'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Aspects of family structure, psychosocial stress and economic achievement: a cross cultural comparison].
|
For the European countries data giving insight into the situation of the family have been collected on a very broad basis. Data for 4 cross-sections in the period 1950 to 1970 are investigated. Comparing indicators for the family situation with data for socio-psychological stress (suicide rates, criminality and murder rates) a very close relationship between these variables becomes apparent: better interpersonal relations, larger and more stable family units, fewer early sexual activity, etc. is related to less socio-psychological stress. It could be shown, moreover, that the economic performance of the countries is related to their family situation. A strategic variable in this complex system of relations is achievement motivation. In the long run an equilibrium between system orientation and valuation of the family life should be arrived at.
|
['Achievement', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Family', 'Humans', 'Motivation', 'Social Environment', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 7,415,373
|
[['F01.658.059', 'F02.784.629.054'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['I01.880.853.500'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Estimation of lumbar spinal loading and trunk muscle forces during asymmetric lifting tasks: application of whole-body musculoskeletal modelling in OpenSim.
|
Large spinal compressive force combined with axial torsional shear force during asymmetric lifting tasks is highly associated with lower back injury (LBI). The aim of this study was to estimate lumbar spinal loading and muscle forces during symmetric lifting (SL) and asymmetric lifting (AL) tasks using a whole-body musculoskeletal modelling approach. Thirteen healthy males lifted loads of 7 and 12 kg under two lifting conditions (SL and AL). Kinematic data and ground reaction force data were collected and then processed by a whole-body musculoskeletal model. The results show AL produced a significantly higher peak lateral shear force as well as greater peak force of psoas major, quadratus lumborum, multifidus, iliocostalis lumborum pars lumborum, longissimus thoracis pars lumborum and external oblique than SL. The greater lateral shear forces combined with higher muscle force and asymmetrical muscle contractions may have the biomechanical mechanism responsible for the increased risk of LBI during AL. Practitioner Summary: Estimating lumbar spinal loading and muscle forces during free-dynamic asymmetric lifting tasks with a whole-body musculoskeletal modelling in OpenSim is the core value of this research. The results show that certain muscle groups are fundamentally responsible for asymmetric movement, thereby producing high lumbar spinal loading and muscle forces, which may increase risks of LBI during asymmetric lifting tasks.
|
['Back Injuries', 'Back Muscles', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Healthy Volunteers', 'Humans', 'Lifting', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Psoas Muscles', 'Risk Factors', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Weight-Bearing', 'Young Adult']
| 27,194,401
|
[['C26.117'], ['A02.633.567.175'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['M01.774.500', 'M01.955.236'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.669'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['A02.633.567.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['G01.374.965'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A restraint system for the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus).
|
A method for restraining the marmoset in a primate chair is described. The device is inexpensive to construct, is reliable, and the majority of animals can be habituated to its use. The chair has been used in neurobiological studies employing electrophysiological recordings, with or without concurrent collection of serial blood samples.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Specimen Collection', 'Callithrix', 'Callitrichinae', 'Electrophysiology', 'Restraint, Physical']
| 3,134,573
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.150.114'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.600.150.150'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['E02.085.700', 'E05.472.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in growth hormone-deficient adults.
|
The aim of this study was to evaluate the 24-h pattern of blood pressure in adults with growth hormone deficiency using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. We therefore evaluated the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures, systolic and diastolic blood pressure loads and diurnal blood pressure rhythm. We used an auscultatory-type monitor, the measurements being made at 10-15 min intervals during the day and 20-30 min intervals at night. We included patients with a growth hormone peak of less than 3 ng/ml in at least two stimulation tests: the insulin tolerance and glucagon tests. The exclusion criteria were mental illnesses, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, blood pressure higher than 160/90 mmHg, the use of growth hormone in the previous 12 months, severe acute illnesses, chronic liver or kidney disease and a history of malignancy. The results were interpreted according to the II Brazilian Consensus for the utilization of ambulatory monitoring. The study population comprised 27 adult patients with growth hormone deficiency, 11 male and 16 female, with an age range of 21-62 years. Five had developed the condition during childhood, whereas the remainder had adult-onset growth hormone deficiency. The mean systolic (115 +/- 16.7 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure loads (75.51 +/- 1.90 mmHg) were normal. There was a tendency towards a lower blood pressure in patients with childhood-onset growth hormone deficiency when compared with their adult-onset counterparts. Men had a lower systolic blood pressure than women, the same pattern being found for mean diastolic blood pressure. Multiple regression analysis showed that age was the only independent variable with the statistical power to explain the variance of blood pressure in this group of patients. The incidence of non-dippers was 37.03%. Growth hormone deficiency thus seems to be associated with a change in the 24-h blood pressure pattern, with a high incidence of non-dippers.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Pressure', 'Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Diastole', 'Female', 'Growth Disorders', 'Human Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regression Analysis', 'Systole']
| 12,048,425
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.140.100', 'E01.370.520.500.100'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['G09.330.580.295', 'G11.427.494.554.250', 'G11.427.494.570.295'], ['C23.550.393'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425.875', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G09.330.580.880', 'G11.427.494.570.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Intrapopulation niche partitioning in a generalist predator limits food web connectivity.
|
Predators are increasingly recognized as key elements in food webs because of their ability to link the fluxes of nutrients and energy between spatially separated food chains. However, in the context of food web connectivity, predator populations have been mainly treated as homogeneous units, despite compelling evidence of individual specialization in resource use. It is conceivable that individuals of a predatory species use different resources associated with spatially separated food chains, thereby decoupling cross-habitat linkages. We tested whether intrapopulation differences in habitat use in the generalist freshwater predator Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) led to long-term niche partitioning and affected the degree of ecological habitat coupling. We evaluated trophic niche variability at successively larger timescales by analyzing gut contents and stable isotopes (delta13C and delta15N) in liver and muscle, tissues that provide successively longer integration of trophic activity. We found that the use of distinct habitats in perch led to intrapopulation niche partitioning between pelagic and littoral subpopulations, consistent through the various timescales. Pelagic fish showed a narrower niche, lower individual specialization, and more stable trophic behavior than littoral fish, as could be expected from inhabiting a relatively less diverse environment. This result indicated that substantial niche reduction could occur in a generalist predator at the subpopulation level, consistent with the use of a habitat that provides fewer chances of individual specialization. We showed that intrapopulation niche partitioning limits the ability of individual predators to link spatially separated food chains. In addition, we suggest a quantitative, standardized approach based on stable isotopes to measure the degree of habitat coupling mediated by a top predator.
|
['Animals', 'Food Chain', 'Liver', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Perches', 'Population Dynamics', 'Predatory Behavior']
| 19,739,388
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.250', 'N06.230.124.250'], ['A03.620'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.602.600'], ['I01.240.600', 'N01.224.625', 'N06.850.505.400.700'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Expression of transferrin receptors is unrelated to proliferative status in cultured human colon cancer cells.
|
Transferrin is an iron-carrying compound that stimulates cell growth and division by binding to specific receptors (TR) which are preferentially expressed by actively growing cells or by the malignant counterpart of normal cells. However, quiescent cells may not necessarily cease expressing TR. We evaluated TR expression by flow cytometric analysis utilizing a monoclonal antibody (OKT-9) specific for TR on six established human colon cancer cell lines with distinct degrees of phenotypic differentiation and growth rates at sequential stages of in vitro growth (exponential and stationary phase). There were no significant differences in the proportion of cells expressing TR among the fast and slow growing cell lines at any time point of the study, nor did the cultures change the proportion of TR positive cells in their transit from exponential into stationary phase of growth. Hence, direct measurements of TR expression in malignant cell populations may not provide a useful clinical marker to distinguish highly proliferative tumors from those with a slower growth resulting from a larger proportion of quiescent cells.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Cell Division', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Colonic Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Receptors, Transferrin', 'Transferrin']
| 3,592,625
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.180', 'C06.301.371.411.307.180', 'C06.405.249.411.307.180', 'C06.405.469.158.356.180', 'C06.405.469.491.307.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.157.905.500', 'D12.776.543.750.800'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
RNA sequencing data integration reveals an miRNA interactome of osteoarthritis cartilage.
|
OBJECTIVE: To uncover the microRNA (miRNA) interactome of the osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiological process in the cartilage.METHODS: We performed RNA sequencing in 130 samples (n=35 and n=30 pairs for messenger RNA (mRNA) and miRNA, respectively) on macroscopically preserved and lesioned OA cartilage from the same patient and performed differential expression (DE) analysis of miRNA and mRNAs. To build an OA-specific miRNA interactome, a prioritisation scheme was applied based on inverse Pearson's correlations and inverse DE of miRNAs and mRNAs. Subsequently, these were filtered by those present in predicted (TargetScan/microT-CDS) and/or experimentally validated (miRTarBase/TarBase) public databases. Pathway enrichment analysis was applied to elucidate OA-related pathways likely mediated by miRNA regulatory mechanisms.RESULTS: We found 142 miRNAs and 2387 mRNAs to be differentially expressed between lesioned and preserved OA articular cartilage. After applying prioritisation towards likely miRNA-mRNA targets, a regulatory network of 62 miRNAs targeting 238 mRNAs was created. Subsequent pathway enrichment analysis of these mRNAs (or genes) elucidated that genes within the 'nervous system development' are likely mediated by miRNA regulatory mechanisms (familywise error=8.4?10-5). Herein NTF3 encodes neurotrophin-3, which controls survival and differentiation of neurons and which is closely related to the nerve growth factor.CONCLUSIONS: By an integrated approach of miRNA and mRNA sequencing data of OA cartilage, an OA miRNA interactome and related pathways were elucidated. Our functional data demonstrated interacting levels at which miRNA affects expression of genes in the cartilage and exemplified the complexity of functionally validating a network of genes that may be targeted by multiple miRNAs.
|
['Cartilage, Articular', 'Computational Biology', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Osteoarthritis', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA']
| 30,504,444
|
[['A02.165.407.150', 'A02.835.583.192'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['C05.550.114.606', 'C05.799.613'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.760.710']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Which definition to use when defining airflow obstruction?].
|
INTRODUCTION: There is no clear consensus as to what constitutes an obstructive ventilatory defect (OVD). According to the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society, it is defined as being when the ratio of the forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and the slow expiratory vital capacity (VC) is below the lower limit of normal (LLN). According to the Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and the British Thoracic Society, it is an FEV1/forced expiratory vital capacity (FVC)<0.70 and an FEV1<80%. In addition, in daily practice, the OVD is diagnosed by a "Fixed ratio" FEV1/FVC<0.70 or<LLN. The aim of this study is to determine, according to the different recommendations, the percentage of subjects having an OVD among them addressed for suspicion of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.METHODS: A medical questionnaire was administered and anthropometric data were collected. The expiratory flows and pulmonary volumes were measured by a body plethysmograph.RESULTS: 121 (81%) subjects among the 150 examined were included. The percentage of subjects having an OVD was 56.1% (FEV1/VC<LLN), 54.1% (FEV1/FVC<0.70), 48.7% (FEV1/FVC<0.70 and FEV1<80%), and 47.8% (FEV1/FVC<LLN).CONCLUSION: The prevalence of obstructive ventilatory defect in a population depends on the definition chosen.
|
['Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Lung Volume Measurements', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plethysmography', 'Smoking', 'Societies, Medical', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 17,417,170
|
[['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.495'], ['E01.370.386.700.485'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.370.610'], ['F01.145.805'], ['N03.540.828.589'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 modulate A beta(1--42)-induced cytokine and chemokine production in primary murine microglia and a human monocyte cell line.
|
A hallmark of the immunopathology associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the presence of activated microglia surrounding senile plaque deposits of beta-amyloid (A beta) peptides. A beta peptides have been shown to be potent activators of microglia and macrophages, but little is known about endogenous factors that may modulate their responses to amyloid. We investigated whether the 'anti-inflammatory' cytokines IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 could regulate A beta-induced production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6 and the chemokine MCP-1. A beta(1-42) time- and dose-dependently induced the production and secretion of these inflammatory proteins in the human THP-1 monocyte cell line and in primary murine microglia, similar to what was observed for lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated cells. IL-10 was found to suppress all A beta and LPS-induced inflammatory proteins measured (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha and MCP-1) in both cell types with the exception of LPS-induced MCP-1 in THP-1 cells where no change was observed. In contrast to the inhibition observed for IL-10, both IL-4 and IL-13 enhanced MCP-1 secretion. IL-4 and IL-13 reduced IL-6 secretion, but effects on IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha were dependent on cell type and stimulus conditions. Additional experiments using RT-PCR showed that IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 mRNA is found to be present in human brain tissue. These results show that IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13 differentially regulate microglial responses to A beta and may play a role in the inflammation pathology observed surrounding senile plaques.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Chemokine CCL2', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1', 'Interleukin-10', 'Interleukin-13', 'Interleukin-4', 'Interleukin-6', 'Interleukins', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Microglia', 'Monocytes', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 11,137,576
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.110.990.600', 'D12.776.467.374.200.110.990.600', 'D23.125.300.110.990.600', 'D23.469.200.110.990.600', 'D23.529.374.200.110.990.500'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.510', 'D12.776.467.374.465.510', 'D23.529.374.465.510'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.513', 'D12.776.467.374.465.513', 'D23.529.374.465.513'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.186', 'D12.776.467.374.465.178', 'D23.529.374.465.186'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['D12.644.276.374.465', 'D12.776.467.374.465', 'D23.529.374.465'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['D12.644.541'], ['C23.300.821'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
"Man-ing" up and getting drunk: the role of masculine norms, alcohol intoxication and alcohol-related problems among college men.
|
Compared to college women, college men face elevated risks for problematic drinking and negative alcohol-related consequences. These risks highlight the critical need to investigate gender issues and risk factors contributing to intoxication and related problems among men. Theoretical models suggest that conforming to masculine norms or the beliefs and expectations of what it means to be a man, may help explain patterns of problematic drinking among men. The current study advances the literature by investigating the association between masculine norms, drinking to intoxication, and alcohol-related consequences among 776 undergraduate males after taking into account the importance of fraternity status and perceived peer norms. Results indicate that fraternity status and higher perceived peer norms regarding drinking increased the risks of getting drunk and experiencing alcohol-related consequences. Specifically, the masculine norms of being a "playboy", risk-taking, and winning were risk factors of drinking to intoxication; while, being a "playboy", risk-taking, and self-reliance increased the risks of alcohol-related problems. Primacy of work and heterosexual presentation were two masculine norms that were protective of drinking to intoxication. Our findings contribute to important future considerations for prevention, clinical interventions, and public-health implications in college settings.
|
['Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcoholic Intoxication', 'California', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Masculinity', 'Peer Group', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Conformity', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 21,620,570
|
[['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100.175', 'F03.900.100.300'], ['Z01.107.567.875.580.200', 'Z01.107.567.875.760.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.813.376', 'F01.393.446.250.750', 'F01.752.747.385.200.750'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.813.625'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Rate constant of muscle force redevelopment reflects cooperative activation as well as cross-bridge kinetics.
|
The rate of muscle force redevelopment after release-restretch protocols has previously been interpreted using a simple two-state cross-bridge cycling model with rate constants for transitions between non-force-bearing and force-bearing states, f, and between force-bearing and non-force-bearing states, g. Changes in the rate constant of force redevelopment, as with varying levels of Ca2+ activation, have traditionally been attributed to Ca(2+)-dependent f. The current work adds to this original model a state of unactivated, noncycling cross-bridges. The resulting differential equation for activated, force-bearing cross-bridges, Ncf, was Ncf = -[g+f(K/(K + 1))] Ncf+f(K/(K + 1))NT, where K is an equilibrium constant defining the distribution between cycling and noncycling cross-bridges and NT is the total number of cross-bridges. Cooperativity by which force-bearing cross-bridges participate in their own activation was introduced by making K depend on Ncf. Model results demonstrated that such cooperativity, which tends to enhance force generation at low levels of Ca2+ activation, has a counter-intuitive effect of slowing force redevelopment. These dynamic effects of cooperativity are most pronounced at low Ca2+ activation. As Ca2+ activation increases, the cooperative effects become less important to the dynamics of force redevelopment and, at the highest levels of Ca2+ activation, the dynamics of force redevelopment reflect factors other than cooperative mechanisms. These results expand on earlier interpretations of Ca2+ dependence of force redevelopment; rather than Ca(2+)-dependent f, Ca(2+)-dependent force redevelopment arises from changing expressions of cooperativity between force-bearing cross-bridges and activation.
|
['Animals', 'Calcium', 'Heart', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Myocardial Contraction']
| 8,994,610
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['A07.541'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Different response to amine fluoride by Streptococcus mutans and polymicrobial biofilms in a novel high-throughput active attachment model.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms in biofilms and the polymicrobial interactions in these biofilms that modulate resistance require novel strategies to evaluate the efficacy of caries-preventive compounds. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of a caries-preventive agent in Streptococcus mutans and polymicrobial biofilms.METHODS: We developed a novel high-throughput active attachment model. The model consisted of a custom-designed lid containing glass discs that fit on top of standard 24-well plates. Biofilms were formed using either S. mutans C180-2 or saliva. At the end of biofilm formation (up to 96 h) the biofilms were treated with amine fluoride (AmF) solutions. The viability of the biofilms was determined by CFU counts, and metabolic activity was measured via lactate production.RESULTS: The effect of AmF on the viability of the polymicrobial biofilms was significantly less than that on the S. mutans biofilms, indicating a higher resistance in the complex biofilms. Both types of biofilms became more resistant to AmF with age. The higher resistance of the polymicrobial biofilms was not reflected in metabolic activity; in dose-response experiments AmF reduced lactate production in both types of biofilms to the same extent. Moreover, the age-induced increased resistance in the polymicrobial biofilms was less pronounced in terms of the inhibition of metabolic activity.CONCLUSIONS: This study clearly shows that when evaluating the efficacy of caries-preventive compounds it is essential to use appropriate polymicrobial biofilm models, and more importantly that efficacy needs to be judged based on the reduction of acid formation (i.e. cariogenic potential) as well as on bacterial viability.
|
['Bacterial Adhesion', 'Biofilms', 'Cariostatic Agents', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Dental Research', 'Fluorides, Topical', 'Microbial Interactions', 'Streptococcus mutans']
| 20,668,379
|
[['G06.099.050'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D25.223', 'D27.505.696.706.222', 'D27.720.102.223', 'D27.720.799.113', 'J01.637.051.223'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['H01.770.644.145.124', 'H02.163.090'], ['D01.303.350.300.512', 'D25.223.432', 'J01.637.051.223.432'], ['G06.550'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.875.520', 'B03.510.400.800.872.875.520', 'B03.510.550.737.872.875.520']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cumulative health risk assessment of 17 perfluoroalkylated and polyfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) in the Swedish population.
|
Humans are simultaneously exposed to a multitude of chemicals. Human health risk assessment of chemicals is, however, normally performed on single substances, which may underestimate the total risk, thus bringing a need for reliable methods to assess the risk of combined exposure to multiple chemicals. Per- and polyfluoroalkylated substances (PFASs) is a large group of chemicals that has emerged as global environmental contaminants. In the Swedish population, 17 PFASs have been measured, of which the vast majority lacks human health risk assessment information. The objective of this study was to for the first time perform a cumulative health risk assessment of the 17 PFASs measured in the Swedish population, individually and in combination, using the Hazard Index (HI) approach. Swedish biomonitoring data (blood/serum concentrations of PFASs) were used and two study populations identified: 1) the general population exposed indirectly via the environment and 2) occupationally exposed professional ski waxers. Hazard data used were publicly available toxicity data for hepatotoxicity and reproductive toxicity as well as other more sensitive toxic effects. The results showed that PFASs concentrations were in the low ng/ml serum range in the general population, reaching high ng/ml and low ìg/ml serum concentrations in the occupationally exposed. For those congeners lacking toxicity data with regard to hepatotoxicity and reproductive toxicity read-across extrapolations was performed. Other effects at lower dose levels were observed for some well-studied congeners. The risk characterization showed no concern for hepatotoxicity or reproductive toxicity in the general population except in a subpopulation eating PFOS-contaminated fish, illustrating that high local exposure may be of concern. For the occupationally exposed there was concern for hepatotoxicity by PFOA and all congeners in combination as well as for reproductive toxicity by all congeners in combination, thus a need for reduced exposure was identified. Concern for immunotoxicity by PFOS and for disrupted mammary gland development by PFOA was identified in both study populations as well as a need of additional toxicological data for many PFAS congeners with respect to all assessed endpoints.
|
['Animals', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Environmental Pollution', 'Fish Products', 'Fishes', 'Food Contamination', 'Hazardous Substances', 'Health', 'Humans', 'Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated', 'Immune System', 'Liver', 'Mammary Glands, Human', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Reproduction', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sweden']
| 23,792,420
|
[['B01.050'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['D27.888.284'], ['N06.850.460'], ['G07.203.300.600.875.400', 'J02.500.600.875.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['D27.888.426'], ['N01.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.526.510'], ['A15.382'], ['A03.620'], ['A01.236.249', 'A10.336.532'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['G08.686.784'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Comparison of malaria incidence rates and socioeconomic-environmental factors between the states of Acre and Rond?nia: a spatio-temporal modelling study.
|
BACKGROUND: Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a threat to public health, but Plasmodium vivax malaria is most prevalent in Latin America, where the incidence rate has been increasing since 2016, particularly in Venezuela and Brazil. The Brazilian Amazon reported 193,000 cases in 2017, which were mostly confirmed as P. vivax (~ 90%). Herein, the relationships among malaria incidence rates and the proportion of accumulated deforestation were contrasted using data from the states of Acre and Rond?nia in the south-western Brazilian Amazon. The main purpose is to test the hypothesis that the observed difference in incidence rates is associated with the proportion of accumulated deforestation.METHODS: An ecological study using spatial and temporal models for mapping and modelling malaria risk was performed. The municipalities of Acre and Rond?nia were the spatial units of analysis, whereas month and year were the temporal units. The number of reported malaria cases from 2009 until 2015 were used to calculate the incidence rate per 1000 people at risk. Accumulated deforestation was calculated using publicly available satellite images. Geographically weighted regression was applied to provide a local model of the spatial heterogeneity of incidence rates. Time-series dynamic regression was applied to test the correlation of incidence rates and accumulated deforestation, adjusted by climate and socioeconomic factors.RESULTS: The malaria incidence rate declined in Rond?nia but remained stable in Acre. There was a high and positive correlation between the decline in malaria and higher proportions of accumulated deforestation in Rond?nia. Geographically weighted regression showed a complex relationship. As deforestation increased, malaria incidence also increased in Acre, while as deforestation increased, malaria incidence decreased in Rond?nia. Time-series dynamic regression showed a positive association between malaria incidence and precipitation and accumulated deforestation, whereas the association was negative with the human development index in the westernmost areas of Acre.CONCLUSION: Landscape modification caused by accumulated deforestation is an important driver of malaria incidence in the Brazilian Amazon. However, this relationship is not linearly correlated because it depends on the overall proportion of the land covered by forest. For regions that are partially degraded, forest cover becomes a less representative component in the landscape, causing the abovementioned non-linear relationship. In such a scenario, accumulated deforestation can lead to a decline in malaria incidence.
|
['Brazil', 'Environment', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Malaria', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Spatio-Temporal Analysis']
| 31,484,519
|
[['Z01.107.757.176'], ['G16.500.275', 'N06.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C01.610.752.530', 'C01.920.875'], ['E05.599'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.740.933.500', 'N05.715.360.750.746.500', 'N06.850.520.830.933.500']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Changes in the process of care for Medicaid patients with schizophrenia in Utah's Prepaid Mental Health Plan.
|
OBJECTIVE: Changes in the process of psychiatric care received by Medicaid beneficiaries with schizophrenia were examined after the introduction of capitated payments for enrollees of some community mental health centers (CMHCs) under the Utah Prepaid Mental Health Plan.METHODS: Data from the medical records of 200 patients receiving care in CMHCs participating in the prepaid plan were compared with data from the records of 200 patients in nonparticipating CMHCs, which remained in a fee-for-service reimbursement arrangement. Using the Process of Care Review Form, trained abstracters gathered data characterizing general patient management, social support, medication management, and medical management before implementation of the plan in 1990 and for three follow-up years. Using regression techniques, differences in the adjusted changes between third-year follow-up and baseline were examined by treatment site.RESULTS: By year 3 at the CMHCs participating in the plan, psychotherapy visits decreased, the probability of a patient's terminating treatment or being lost to follow-up increased, the probability of having a case manager increased, the probability of a crisis visit decreased (but still exceeded that at the nonplan sites), and the probability of treatment for a month or longer with a suboptimal dosage of antipsychotic medication increased. Only modest changes in the process of care were observed at the nonplan CMHCs.CONCLUSIONS: Change in the process of psychiatric care was more evident at the sites participating in the plan, where traditional therapeutic encounters were de-emphasized in response to capitation. The array of changes raises questions about the vigor of care provided to a highly vulnerable group of patients.
|
['Adult', 'Capitation Fee', 'Case Management', 'Community Mental Health Centers', 'Continuity of Patient Care', 'Fee-for-Service Plans', 'Humans', 'Medicaid', 'Medication Errors', 'Mental Health Services', 'Office Visits', 'Prepaid Health Plans', 'Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Program Evaluation', 'Psychotropic Drugs', 'Regression Analysis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Schizophrenia', 'United States', 'Utah']
| 9,550,244
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N03.219.442.090'], ['N04.590.233.624.250'], ['N02.278.035.158'], ['E02.760.169', 'N02.421.585.169', 'N04.590.233.727.210'], ['N03.219.442.195', 'N03.219.521.710.305.090', 'N04.452.758.745.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.219.521.346.506.564.655', 'N03.706.615.693'], ['E02.319.529', 'N02.421.450.500'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['N04.452.758.635'], ['N03.219.521.576.343.925'], ['N04.761.559.650', 'N05.715.360.575.625'], ['E05.337.820', 'N04.761.685', 'N05.715.360.650'], ['D27.505.954.427.700'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['F03.700.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The majority of animal genes are required for wild-type fitness.
|
Almost all eukaryotic genes are conserved, suggesting that they have essential functions. However, only a minority of genes have detectable loss-of-function phenotypes in experimental assays, and multiple theories have been proposed to explain this discrepancy. Here, we use RNA-mediated interference in C. elegans to examine how knockdown of any gene affects the overall fitness of worm populations. Whereas previous studies typically assess phenotypes that are detectable by eye after a single generation, we monitored growth quantitatively over several generations. In contrast to previous estimates, we find that, in these multigeneration population assays, the majority of genes affect fitness, and this suggests that genetic networks are not robust to mutation. Our results demonstrate that, in a single environmental condition, most animal genes play essential roles. This is a higher proportion than for yeast genes, and we suggest that the source of negative selection is different in animals and in unicellular eukaryotes.
|
['Animals', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Genetic Fitness', 'Phenotype', 'RNA Interference']
| 22,341,449
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['G05.347'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.308.203.374.790']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Search and selection methodology of systematic reviews in orthodontics (2000-2004).
|
INTRODUCTION: More systematic reviews related to orthodontic topics are published each year, although little has been done to evaluate their search and selection methodologies.METHODS: Systematic reviews related to orthodontics published between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2004, were searched for their use of multiple electronic databases and secondary searches. The search and selection methods of identified systematic reviews were evaluated against the Cochrane Handbook's guidelines.RESULTS: Sixteen orthodontic systematic reviews were identified in this period. The percentage of reviews documenting and using each criterion of article searching has changed over the last 5 years, with no recognizable directional trend. On average, most systematic reviews documented their electronic search terms (88%) and inclusion-exclusion criteria (100%), and used secondary searching (75%). Many still failed to search more than MEDLINE (56%), failed to document the database names and search dates (37%), failed to document the search strategy (62%), did not use several reviewers for selecting studies (75%), and did not include all languages (81%).CONCLUSIONS: The methodology of systematic reviews in orthodontics is still limited, with key methodological components frequently absent or not appropriately described.
|
['Databases, Bibliographic', 'Dental Informatics', 'Humans', 'Information Storage and Retrieval', 'Meta-Analysis as Topic', 'Orthodontics', 'Review Literature as Topic']
| 16,905,066
|
[['L01.313.500.750.300.188.300', 'L01.470.750.500'], ['L01.313.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.313.500.750.280', 'L01.470'], ['E05.318.370.500', 'E05.581.500.501', 'N05.715.360.325.515', 'N06.850.520.445.500'], ['E06.658', 'H02.163.876.439'], ['L01.178.682.759']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Natural history of adult-onset idiopathic torticollis.
|
The rates of spontaneous remission and progression of dystonia to other sites were studied in 72 patients who first presented with adult-onset torticollis, and who were followed up for a mean of 7.7 years. Dystonia had progressed to sites other than the neck (mainly the face and upper limbs) in 23 patients (32%). The latter cases were not differentiated from those with isolated torticollis in terms of any of the demographic or clinical features studied, although they tended to have suffered from torticollis longer. Fifteen patients (20.8%) had experienced a spontaneous remission of their torticollis, which was sustained for a median period of 3 years in 9 cases (12.5%). Eighty-seven percent of the 15 remissions had occurred during the first 5 years of the illness. In the 9 cases with sustained remission, the duration of torticollis before spontaneous remission was significantly longer and remission had mostly occurred after 2 years of illness compared with the 6 who had relapsed. The 15 cases with spontaneous remission tended to have an earlier age of onset compared with those with no remission. Sixty-five percent of cases were correctly classified on the basis of age at onset, which emerged as the only salient variable in the discrimination of the 15 patients with spontaneous remission from the 57 without spontaneous remission. Age at onset, form of torticollis, gender, and direction of head deviation resulted in a correct classification rate of 70%, in the discrimination of the 9 cases with sustained remission from those with no remission.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Adult', 'Discriminant Analysis', 'Dystonia', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Remission, Spontaneous', 'Torticollis']
| 2,334,302
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.350', 'N05.715.360.750.325', 'N06.850.520.830.350'], ['C10.597.350.300', 'C23.888.592.350.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.656.700', 'G16.767'], ['C23.888.592.350.300.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The fetal recoil test.
|
A reassuring fetal recoil test has positive and negative predictive values of 98% and 8%, respectively, for a reactive nonstress test (sensitivity 89%, specificity 33%). Among 21 of 30 subjects in whom recoil was present immediately before delivery, none had umbilical arterial pH values < or = 7.20 versus 5 of 9 (56%) with nonreassuring recoil (p = 0.005). We concluded that a reassuring fetal recoil test is a reliable marker for fetal well-being.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Female', 'Fetal Monitoring', 'Fetal Movement', 'Humans', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Reflex, Startle', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 1,442,995
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['E01.370.378.230', 'E01.370.520.230'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.374', 'G08.686.784.170.157.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.376.550.650.800', 'E01.370.600.550.650.800', 'F02.830.702.807', 'G11.561.731.869'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biaryl amide glucagon receptor antagonists.
|
Biaryl amides derived from a reported series of ureas 1 were evaluated and found to be potent human glucagon receptor antagonists. The benzofuran analogue 6i was administered in Sprague-Dawley rats and blocked the effects of an exogenous glucagon challenge.
|
['Amides', 'Animals', 'Haplorhini', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Glucagon']
| 15,080,976
|
[['D02.065'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.330', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.350']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of high and normal soyprotein breakfasts on satiety and subsequent energy intake, including amino acid and 'satiety' hormone responses.
|
BACKGROUND: The role of dietary protein in short term satiety is of interest with respect to body weight regulation.AIM: To compare the effects of a high versus a normal soyprotein breakfast on satiety and subsequent energy intake (EI), including 'satiety' hormones and plasma amino acid responses.METHODS: Twenty-five healthy subjects (mean +/- SEM, BMI: 23.9 +/- 0.3 kg/m(2); age: 22 +/- 1 years) received a subject-specific standardized breakfast: a custard with soy as single protein type with either 10/55/35 (normal-protein) or 25/55/20 (high-protein) En% protein/carbohydrate/fat in a randomized, single-blind design. Appetite profile (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), plasma glucose, insulin, Glucagon-like Peptide 1, ghrelin, and amino acid concentrations were determined for 4 h, determining the sensitive time point to assess EI. Since at 180 min glucose and insulin concentrations still were significantly different, in a second set of experiments subjects received an ad lib lunch at 180 min after the breakfasts; EI was assessed.RESULTS: Overall the 25 En% soy-custard was rated as being more satiating than the 10 En% soy-custard (P < 0.01) and there was a difference at 20 min after breakfast (64 +/- 5 vs. 52 +/- 5 mmVAS, P < 0.05), related to higher postprandial taurine concentrations (P < 0.05). Insulin response was increased more after the 25 En% than after the 10 En% soy-custard (AUC: 7,520 +/- 929 vs. 4,936 +/- 468 mU/l h, P < 0.001). There was no difference in EI (25 En%: 3,212 +/- 280 kJ vs. 10 En%: 3,098 +/- 286 kJ, ns).CONCLUSION: A high soyprotein breakfast is more satiating than a normal soyprotein breakfast related to elevated taurine and insulin concentrations.
|
['Adult', 'Amino Acids', 'Blood Glucose', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Ghrelin', 'Glucagon-Like Peptide 1', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Satiation', 'Soybean Proteins', 'Taste Perception', 'Taurine', 'Time Factors']
| 19,142,569
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.125'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['D06.472.699.301', 'D12.644.548.322'], ['D06.472.317.680.500.500'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['F02.830.749'], ['D12.776.765.741', 'G07.203.300.428.920.750', 'G07.203.300.850.450.500.750', 'J02.500.428.920.750', 'J02.500.850.800.500.750'], ['F02.463.593.817'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The epigenetic regulator PLZF represses L1 retrotransposition in germ and progenitor cells.
|
Germ cells and adult stem cells maintain tissue homeostasis through a finely tuned program of responses to both physiological and stress-related signals. PLZF (Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger protein), a member of the POK family of transcription factors, acts as an epigenetic regulator of stem cell maintenance in germ cells and haematopoietic stem cells. We identified L1 retrotransposons as the primary targets of PLZF. PLZF-mediated DNA methylation induces silencing of the full-length L1 gene and inhibits L1 retrotransposition. Furthermore, PLZF causes the formation of barrier-type boundaries by acting on inserted truncated L1 sequences in protein coding genes. Cell stress releases PLZF-mediated repression, resulting in L1 activation/retrotransposition and impaired spermatogenesis and myelopoiesis. These results reveal a novel mechanism of action by which, PLZF represses retrotransposons, safeguarding normal progenitor homeostasis.
|
["5' Untranslated Regions", 'Animals', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Chromatin Immunoprecipitation', 'DNA Methylation', 'Epigenomics', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Germ Cells', 'Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors', 'Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements', 'Mice', 'Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein', 'Stem Cells', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 23,727,884
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.885', 'D13.444.735.790.878.885', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.885', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.885'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.152'], ['E05.393.170', 'E05.478.605.160'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['H01.158.273.180.350.074', 'H01.158.273.343.350.042'], ['G05.308'], ['A05.360.490', 'A11.497'], ['D12.776.260.522', 'D12.776.930.375'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.330.800.400', 'G05.360.080.708.330.800.400', 'G05.360.340.024.425.800.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.260.522.625', 'D12.776.930.375.625'], ['A11.872'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Epidemiological profile of elderly patients with non-melanoma skin cancer seen at the dermatology outpatient clinic of a public hospital.
|
Basal cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma, referred to as non-melanoma skin cancer, are the most common malignancies in humans. Their incidence is increasing worldwide every year. In Brazil, even with the advent of educational campaigns on photoprotection and laws that banned tanning beds, they are the most frequent neoplasias, representing a public health problem recognized by the Ministry of health.
|
['Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Ambulatory Care Facilities', 'Brazil', 'Carcinoma, Basal Cell', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Hospitals, Public', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Distribution', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 29,364,457
|
[['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N02.278.035'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['C04.557.470.200.165', 'C04.557.470.565.165'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['N02.278.421.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Traditional neonatal care practices in Turkey.
|
AIM: The research was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional study in order to identify the traditional neonatal care practices applied by women in the 15-49 year age range.METHODS: The research sample comprised 263 married mothers aged 15-49 years living in the seven health center regions in Sivas city center and agreeing to participate in the study between 7 March 2008 and 30 April 2008. In data collection, a questionnaire form devised by the researchers on the basis of expert opinion was used. The data collected were assessed by computer by means of percentage analysis and ÷(2)-tests.RESULTS: The traditional neonatal care practices for treatment of jaundice, rash, thrush, earache, swelling in the baby's chest (milk accumulation), falling of the umbilical cord, umbilical infection, eye crust, nail cut, and temperature were examined. The most frequently conducted traditional practices were identified as rubbing swollen nipples, "making the forties" (bathing the mother and neonate in a special ritual on the 40th day postpartum), salting, using holluk (sand-filled nappy), and swaddling the baby. It was found that the mothers with low levels of education applied traditional practices like swaddling, salting, holluk, and making the forties more frequently (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: According to the study findings, mothers practiced traditional applications at least once during neonatal care. It was observed that the lower the mother's educational level, the more frequent the traditional practices were applied. For this reason, neonatal healthcare services should be delivered by midwives/nurses or other healthcare workers.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Medicine, Traditional', 'Middle Aged', 'Neonatal Nursing', 'Turkey', 'Young Adult']
| 23,735,089
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E02.190.488', 'I01.076.201.450.654'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H02.478.676.390.600', 'H02.478.676.631.600', 'N02.421.533.460.600', 'N02.421.533.691.600'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interaction of corticotropin-releasing factor and glucagon-like peptide-1 on behaviors in chicks.
|
Both corticortropin-releasing factor (CRF) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) inhibit food intake of chicks, but they also produce other behaviors. The present experiments were undertaken to clarify the interaction of CRF and GLP-1 regarding their anorectic actions as well as other behaviors. In Experiment 1, birds were injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.), following a 3-h fast, with either saline, 0.1 microg of CRF, 0.1 microg of CRF+0.1 microg of GLP-1 or 0.1 microg of CRF+1 microg of GLP-1, and food intake was measured for 2 h. The injection of CRF decreased food intake, and CRF injected with GLP-1 suppressed food intake for up to 2 h. Birds were treated similarly in Experiment 2 in which the doses of CRF and GLP-1 were reversed. GLP-1 strongly suppressed food intake, and this effect was augmented by coadministration of CRF. In Experiment 3, the behaviors of chicks injected with saline, CRF (0.1 microg), GLP-1 (0.1 microg) or CRF (0.1 microg)+GLP-1 (0.1 microg) were monitored for the numbers of steps, vocalization and locomotion. Chicks were excited, moved more and vocalized loudly following injection of CRF, whereas an opposite response was seen with GLP-1. The behaviors were intermediate following the coinjection of the two peptides. In conclusion, CRF and GLP-1 interact in the chick brain, but the response depends on the behavior being measured.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Chickens', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Drug Interactions', 'Eating', 'Glucagon', 'Glucagon-Like Peptide 1', 'Injections, Intraventricular', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Precursors', 'Vocalization, Animal']
| 11,698,065
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['D06.472.317.680.500.500'], ['E02.319.267.530.550'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['D12.644.541'], ['D12.776.811'], ['F01.145.113.055.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Atherosclerotic lesions, myocardial damage and lipidograms: a multiarterial study applying an atherometric system and canonical correlation.
|
472 autopsy subjects were examined with the following aims: to study the association pattern of atherosclerotic lesions between different arterial sectors, the impact of serum lipid disorders (total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, VLDL-c, and triglycerides were analyzed) and the association pattern between the atherosclerotic lesions in different arterial sectors and the degree of heart damage. For morphometric analysis of the vessels (aorta, circle of Willis, coronary, renal, iliac, and femoral arteris) the atherometric system was used. The most relevant results were as follows: the lipid disorders show their greatest impact in the heart, coronary and femoral arteries and abdominal aorta, whereas the strongest correlations between the atherosclerotic lesions in different arterial sectors were found in those with anatomical continuity.
|
['Arteries', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Cholesterol, LDL', 'Cholesterol, VLDL', 'Heart Injuries', 'Humans', 'Lipids', 'Myocardium', 'Triglycerides']
| 9,653,913
|
[['A07.015.114'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.244', 'D10.532.515.500', 'D10.570.938.208.275', 'D12.776.521.550.500'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.247', 'D10.532.599.700', 'D10.570.938.208.285', 'D12.776.521.622.700'], ['C26.891.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D10'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D10.351.801']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Laparoscopic Gastric Banding: Game Over?
|
The laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) procedure has been used in bariatric surgery for over 20 years, and despite its initial success, it has been most often criticized for causing adverse effects, lacking efficacy, and frequently requiring revision. Evidence-based medicine supports these criticisms, and the LAGB is no longer considered by most bariatric surgeons worldwide to be a standard operation. While we have to admit that its associated food tolerance issues and variable efficacy make the LAGB less desirable for most patients, time will tell whether the current armamentarium of bariatric procedures are still too aggressive and new safer procedures still need to be developed.
|
['Bariatric Surgery', 'Gastroplasty', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Obesity, Morbid', 'Reoperation', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Weight Loss']
| 28,488,092
|
[['E02.650.500.062', 'E04.062'], ['E02.650.500.062.750', 'E04.062.750', 'E04.210.485'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['C18.654.726.500.700', 'C23.888.144.699.500.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500.500'], ['E04.690'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Focus group study of student physiotherapists' perceptions of reflection.
|
CONTEXT: The reflective practice module in the physiotherapy programme at the University of Limerick, Ireland represents the first incidence of the inclusion of such a module within physiotherapy curricula in Ireland. However, research examining the contribution of reflection as a means of learning is limited, particularly from the student perspective.OBJECTIVES: This study sought to explore students' perceptions of reflection and its potential contribution to their development before and after the module.METHODS: A qualitative research methodology using focus groups was employed to evaluate physiotherapy undergraduate students' perceptions of the module. Three focus groups were held in total. Two were held with Year 3 students, before and after their reflective practice module, respectively, to examine any changes in their perceptions of reflection. A third was held with Year 4 students to determine their perceptions after both the module and subsequent clinical placements. Sessions were audiotaped, transcribed and subjected to in-depth thematic analysis to resolve the significant themes that emerged from the data.RESULTS: Students reported a more advanced level of reflective ability post-module completion. They perceived personal and professional benefits to practising reflection and recognised these skills as strategies with which they could continue to facilitate their professional development. For students, time constraints in the clinical setting represented a barrier to reflection.CONCLUSIONS: Students support inclusion of the module in their training, acknowledging its role in improving their confidence and clinical reasoning, and facilitating continuing professional development. Further studies are required to generalise these findings to a wider population.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Clinical Competence', 'Curriculum', 'Education, Medical', 'Education, Nursing', 'Female', 'Focus Groups', 'Humans', 'Ireland', 'Male', 'Physical Therapists', 'Self-Assessment', 'Students, Health Occupations']
| 19,141,008
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['I02.158'], ['I02.358.399'], ['I02.358.462'], ['E05.318.308.112', 'N05.715.360.300.269', 'N06.850.520.308.112'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.467', 'Z01.639.587'], ['M01.526.485.790', 'N02.360.790'], ['F01.752.747.792.537'], ['M01.848.769']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mammalian lymphocytes: stress-induced synthesis of heat-shock proteins in vitro and in vivo.
|
Mammalian (human, mouse, and rabbit) white blood cells (lymphocytes) maintained in culture respond to a brief incubation at an elevated temperature (at or above 41 degrees C) by (i) the new and (or) enhanced synthesis of a small number of proteins (the so-called heat-shock proteins; HSPs) having molecular masses of approximately 110 000, 100 000, 90 000, 70 000, 65 000, and 26 000 daltons and (ii) the depressed synthesis of proteins normally made at 37 degrees C. The HSPs synthesized in culture by human, rabbit, and mouse (peripheral and splenic) lymphocytes are similar in number, molecular mass, and distribution on two-dimensional (isoelectric focusing and sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacrylamide) electrophoretic gels to those synthesized in vivo by lymphocytes in hyperthermic mice. Since the level of hyperthermia used to induce HSP synthesis in mouse lymphocytes in vitro and in vivo is of a magnitude (41 degrees C) also used to promote thermotolerance in mice and is similar to temperatures attained during febrile episodes in rabbits and in humans, we suggest that the in vitro and in vivo synthesis of HSPs by mouse lymphocytes, demonstrated in this study, represents a relevant, physiological response which mammalian lymphocytes may normally use to survive periods of thermal stress.
|
['Animals', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Cell Line', 'Fever', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Hot Temperature', 'Humans', 'Leucine', 'Lymphocytes', 'Methionine', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Molecular Weight', 'Plasmacytoma', 'Rabbits', 'Species Specificity', 'Sulfur Radioisotopes']
| 4,041,967
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['A11.251.210'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['G02.494'], ['C04.557.595.600', 'C20.683.515.880'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G16.824'], ['D01.268.185.900.500.690', 'D01.496.749.858', 'D01.496.868.690']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Critical factors influencing the recovery and integrity of rRNA extracted from environmental samples: use of an optimized protocol to measure depth-related biomass distribution in freshwater sediments.
|
A protocol was developed for the efficient recovery of intact, high molecular weight rRNA from different environmental matrices. Critical variables were identified in sample processing that influenced yield and integrity of recovered nucleic acid. Most notably, the order of addition and the buffer to sample volume ratio profoundly influenced the efficiency of nucleic acid recovery from sediment material when utilizing a guanidine thiocyanate-beta-mercaptoethaol extraction buffer. Addition of one sample volume to five buffer volumes contributed to an order of magnitude increase in recovery relative to reverse order of addition (buffer addition to sample). An optimized extraction protocol was used to evaluate rRNA yield by seeding samples with whole cells and radiolabeled nucleic acid. Recovery of intact rRNA was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, which was also used to provide another estimate of quantity. This optimized protocol was used to measure depth-related changes in biomass distribution in Lake Michigan deep-water sediments. This revealed a biomodal biomass distribution; a maximum near the water/sediment interface and a secondary peak associated with the oxic/suboxic boundary. A significant portion of the community at the oxic/suboxic boundary was composed of non-methanogenic Archaea.
|
['Biomass', 'Buffers', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Environmental Microbiology', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fresh Water', 'Genetic Techniques', 'Geologic Sediments', 'Great Lakes Region', 'Guanidines', 'Mercaptoethanol', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'Seawater', 'Thiocyanates']
| 10,699,671
|
[['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['H01.158.273.540.274', 'N06.850.425'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G16.500.275.280', 'N06.230.232'], ['E05.393'], ['G01.311.330', 'G16.500.320'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350'], ['D02.078.370'], ['D02.033.375.534', 'D02.886.489.409'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['D02.262.775', 'D02.886.728']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Contribution of the renin-angiotensin system to short-term blood pressure variability during blockade of nitric oxide synthesis in the rat.
|
1. The aim of this study was to investigate, by use of spectral analysis, (1) the blood pressure (BP) variability changes in the conscious rat during blockade of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by the L-arginine analogue NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME); (2) the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in these modifications, by use of the angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist losartan. 2. Blockade of NO synthesis was achieved by infusion for 1 h of a low-dose (10 micrograms kg-1 min-1, i.v., n = 10) and high-dose (100 micrograms kg-1 min-1, i.v., n = 10) of L-NAME. The same treatment was applied in two further groups (2 x n = 10) after a bolus dose of losartan (10 mg kg-1, i.v.). 3. Thirty minutes after the start of the infusion of low-dose L-NAME, systolic BP (SBP) increased (+10 +/- 3 mmHg, P < 0.01), with the effect being more pronounced 5 min after the end of L-NAME administration (+20 +/- 4 mmHg, P < 0.001). With high-dose L-NAME, SBP increased immediately (5 min: +8 +/- 2 mmHg, P < 0.05) and reached a maximum after 40 min (+53 +/- 4 mmHg, P < 0.001); a bradycardia was observed (60 min: -44 +/- 13 beats min-1, P < 0.01). 4. Low-dose L-NAME increased the low-frequency component (LF: 0.02-0.2 Hz) of SBP variability (50 min: 6.7 +/- 1.7 mmHg2 vs 3.4 +/- 0.5 mmHg2, P < 0.05), whereas the high dose of L-NAME not only increased the LF component (40 min: 11.7 +/- 2 mmHg2 vs 2.7 +/- 0.5 mmHg2, P < 0.001) but also decreased the mind frequency (MF: 0.2-0.6 Hz) component (60 min: 1.14 +/- 0.3 mmHg2 vs 1.7 +/- 0.1 mmHg2, P < 0.05) of SBP. 5. Losartan did not modify BP levels but had a tachycardic effect (+45 beats min-1). Moreover, losartan increased MF oscillations of SBP (4.26 +/- 0.49 mmHg2 vs 2.43 +/- 0.25 mmHg2, P < 0.001), prevented the BP rise provoked by the low-dose of L-NAME and delayed the BP rise provoked by the high-dose of L-NAME. Losartan also prevented the amplification of the LF oscillations of SBP induced by L-NAME; the decrease of the MF oscillations of SBP induced by L-NAME was reinforced after losartan. 6. We conclude that the renin-angiotensin system is involved in the increase in variability of SBP in the LF range which resulted from the withdrawal of the vasodilating influence of NO. We propose that NO may counterbalance LF oscillations provoked by the activity of the renin-angiotensin system.
|
['Animals', 'Biphenyl Compounds', 'Blood Pressure', 'Heart Rate', 'Imidazoles', 'Losartan', 'Male', 'NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Renin-Angiotensin System', 'Tetrazoles']
| 8,937,709
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.185.475', 'D03.383.129.308.507', 'D03.383.129.617.467'], ['D12.125.068.050.525', 'D12.125.095.104.525'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813'], ['D03.383.129.617']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Social performance and secret ritual: battling against obsessive-compulsive disorder.
|
This autoethnography offers an account of my experience with mental illness and provides an analysis of the performative aspects of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). OCD is a genetic disorder triggered by environmental stressors involving a chemical imbalance in the brain. The resulting biologically altered state leaves individuals to steer themselves among and between "appropriate" performance and secret rituals. Analyzing my own communication practices through a performance lens highlights the importance of image management for people struggling with disability. In telling my own story, this article provides readers an in-depth look at OCD as a traumatic brain disorder whose sufferers rely on communicative performance to maintain their public and private identities, and as a disease that impedes social life for its sufferers. Implications of this account for those struggling with mental disability and for practitioners aiming to help them are discussed.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Anthropology, Cultural', 'Autobiographies as Topic', 'Ceremonial Behavior', 'Communication', 'Humans', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Mental Health', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Qualitative Research', 'Social Identification', 'Stress, Psychological']
| 20,739,588
|
[['F01.058'], ['I01.076.201'], ['K01.517.211.215'], ['F01.145.813.097', 'I01.076.201.450.170'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['F03.080.600'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['H01.770.644.241.850'], ['F01.145.813.708'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neonatal intensive care nursery staff perceive enhanced workplace quality with the single-family room design.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare perceived workplace quality in an open-bay neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and a single-family room (SFR) NICU.STUDY DESIGN: Prospective non-randomized, non-controlled cohort study.RESULT: Staff workplace quality perceptions assessed included the following: the quality of being a Sanford Health System employee (NS-not significant), the quality of the NICU physical work environment, the quality of NICU patient care, the job quality in the NICU, the quality of health and safety in the NICU (NS), the quality of safety and security in the NICU, the quality of interaction with other members of the NICU health-care team (NS; in subanalysis nurse scores significantly declined), the quality of interaction with NICU technology and the off-job quality of life (NS). Scores for each category and the total scores were statistically greater in the SFR, except as noted (NS).CONCLUSION: Staff perceptions of workplace quality were significantly greater in the SFR than the open-bay NICU.
|
['Adult', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Cohort Studies', 'Facility Design and Construction', 'Family Nursing', 'Female', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Job Satisfaction', 'Male', 'Nurseries, Hospital', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', "Patients' Rooms", 'Young Adult']
| 19,798,047
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['J01.086.339', 'N02.278.200'], ['H02.478.676.218'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['F02.784.692.425'], ['N02.278.388.557'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['N02.278.220.640'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Patterns of PD-L1 expression and CD8 T cell infiltration in gastric adenocarcinomas and associated immune stroma.
|
OBJECTIVE: Recent data supports a significant role for immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of solid tumours. Here, we evaluate gastric and gastro-oesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinomas for their expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), infiltration by CD8+ T cells and the relationship of both factors to patient survival.DESIGN: Thirty-four resections of primary invasive G/GEJ were stained by immunohistochemistry for PD-L1 and CD8 and by DNA in situ hybridisation for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). CD8+ T cell densities both within tumours and at the tumour-stromal interface were analysed using whole slide digital imaging. Patient survival was evaluated according to PD-L1 status and CD8 density.RESULTS: 12% of resections showed tumour cell membranous PD-L1 expression and 44% showed expression within the immune stroma. Two cases (6%) were EBV positive, with one showing membranous PD-L1 positivity. Increasing CD8+ densities both within tumours and immune stroma was associated with increasing percentage of tumour (p=0.027) and stromal (p=0.005) PD-L1 expression. Both tumour and immune stromal PD-L1 expression and high intratumoral or stromal CD8+ T cell density (>500/mm2) were associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).CONCLUSIONS: PD-L1 is expressed on both tumour cells and in the immune stroma across all stages and histologies of G/GEJ. Surprisingly, we demonstrate that increasing CD8 infiltration is correlated with impaired PFS and OS. Patients with higher CD8+ T cell densities also have higher PD-L1 expression, indicating an adaptive immune resistance mechanism may be occurring. Further characterisation of the G/GEJ immune microenvironment may highlight targets for immune-based therapy.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'B7-H1 Antigen', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'DNA, Viral', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Esophagogastric Junction', 'Female', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Young Adult']
| 26,801,886
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.465.625', 'D12.776.467.150.300', 'D12.776.543.095.300', 'D23.050.301.285.400', 'D23.529.168.300'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['A03.556.875.500.414', 'A03.556.875.875.330'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.650', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.650', 'A15.382.490.555.567.650'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Excess of serum copper not related to ceruloplasmin in Alzheimer disease.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of serum copper in relation to ceruloplasmin and other peripheral markers of inflammation in Alzheimer disease (AD).METHODS: The authors studied serum levels of copper, ceruloplasmin, and transferrin, as well as total peroxides, antioxidants, and other peripheral markers of inflammation in 47 patients with AD, 24 patients with vascular dementia (VaD), and 44 healthy controls. Biochemical variables were related to the patients' and controls' clinical status.RESULTS: The authors found that copper (p < 0.001), peroxides (p = 0.026), and ceruloplasmin (p = 0.052) were increased and TRAP was decreased (p = 0.006) in patients with AD, while no other markers of inflammation were altered. The calculation of the ratio between copper and ceruloplasmin suggested the presence in the serum of AD patients, but not of VaD or normal controls, of a large pool of non-ceruloplasmin-bound copper.CONCLUSIONS: Changes in the distribution of the serum copper components, consisting of an increase of a copper fraction not explained by ceruloplasmin, seem to be characteristic of Alzheimer disease and may be implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Antioxidants', 'Biomarkers', 'Ceruloplasmin', 'Copper', 'Encephalitis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inflammation Mediators', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peroxides', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Transferrin']
| 15,781,823
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D23.101'], ['D08.811.682.226', 'D12.776.124.050.130', 'D12.776.124.790.106.214', 'D12.776.157.160', 'D12.776.377.715.085.214', 'D12.776.556.151'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['C10.228.140.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D23.469'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750', 'D01.339.431.374', 'D01.650.550.750', 'D02.389.338'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Impact of leukapheresis on early death rate in adult acute myeloid leukemia presenting with hyperleukocytosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with hyperleukocytosis of at least 100 x 10(9) per L are at high risk of early death due to pulmonary or cerebral leukostasis. Although the efficacy of leukapheresis in terms of prompt cytoreduction is generally accepted, published data regarding the clinical value of immediate therapeutic leukapheresis are limited and conflicting.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To determine whether leukapheresis has a favorable impact on early mortality, the clinical course of 53 newly diagnosed patients with AML and hyperleukocytosis admitted between 1995 and 2005 was analyzed retrospectively. Before August 2001, 28 patients received chemotherapy without leukoreduction (Cohort A). Thereafter, all AML patients with hyperleukocytosis were scheduled to receive leukapheresis, which was performed in 25 patients (Cohort B).RESULTS: There were no procedure-related adverse events. By Day 21 of therapy, 13 of 53 patients had died, resulting in an overall early death rate of 25 percent. In a multivariate logistic regression model, patients in Cohort B had a significantly lower risk of early death than patients in Cohort A (16% vs. 32%, respectively; p = 0.015). Dyspnea (p = 0.005), elevated creatinine (p = 0.028), and higher lactate dehydrogenase serum levels (p = 0.021) were independent risk factors for early death. With a median follow-up of 24.2 months, the overall survival was similar in both cohorts (Cohort A, 7.5; Cohort B, 6.5 months). Thus, leukapheresis had no impact on patients' long-term survivals.CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests that AML patients with hyperleukocytosis receiving leukapheresis had a significantly lower risk for early death by Day 21 than patients treated without leukapheresis. We therefore have adopted leukapheresis as a standard procedure in our department.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Leukapheresis', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Leukocytosis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 17,880,610
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.160.570', 'E02.120.285.570', 'E02.120.527.570', 'E05.200.500.363.171.570', 'E05.242.363.171.570'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['C15.378.553.475', 'C23.550.526'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Exposure-related effects on Cd bioaccumulation explain toxicity of Cd-phenanthrene mixtures in Hyalella azteca.
|
Little is known regarding mixture effects of metals and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) under environmentally relevant exposure regimes. Standard U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) procedures were applied and extended to test effects of phenanthrene (Phen) on sediment-Cd uptake, aqueous-Cd uptake, and Cd-elimination kinetics in the amphipod Hyalella azteca. In sediment exposures, Phen increased the projected equilibrium-tissue concentration of Cd from 47.2 (36.2-58.3) to 221.1 microg/g ([117.8-324.3], 95% confidence intervals [CI] in parentheses). Although Cd bioaccumulation increased markedly in sediment exposures, dissolved Cd concentrations and physical-chemical parameters indicative of Cd bioavailability were unaffected by Phen. Further, in water-only exposures, Phen had no effect on Cd bioaccumulation or Cd-elimination kinetics. These results indicate that increased Cd bioaccumulation in Cd-Phen mixtures occurred via a sediment-mediated process and was likely a function of increased uptake associated with feeding (i.e., Phen-induced alterations in ingestion and/or digestive processes). Observed increases in H. azteca lethality when exposed to Cd-Phen mixtures in sediment, but not in water-only exposures, likely resulted from increased Cd bioaccumulation rate rather than a true toxicological synergism. Thus, apparent synergisms and antagonisms may result from exposure-mediated effects in sediment that are unrelated to toxicological interactions. Implications of these findings regarding sediment-quality assessment and suggestions for future studies are discussed.
|
['Amphipoda', 'Animals', 'Cadmium', 'Kinetics', 'Phenanthrenes', 'Water']
| 16,398,129
|
[['B01.050.500.131.365.055'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.723', 'D04.615.723'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Limitations to basal and insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake in the high-fat-fed rat.
|
Rats fed a high-fat diet display blunted insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose uptake. It is not clear whether this is due solely to a defect in glucose transport, or if glucose delivery and phosphorylation are also impaired. To determine this, rats were fed standard chow (control rats) or a high-fat diet (HF rats) for 4 wk. Experiments were then performed on conscious rats under basal conditions or during hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps. Rats received primed constant infusions of 3-O-methyl-[(3)H]glucose (3-O-MG) and [1-(14)C]mannitol. Total muscle glucose concentration and the steady-state ratio of intracellular to extracellular 3-O-MG concentration [which distributes based on the transsarcolemmal glucose gradient (TSGG)] were used to calculate glucose concentrations at the inner and outer sarcolemmal surfaces ([G](im) and [G](om), respectively) in soleus. Total muscle glucose was also measured in two fast-twitch muscles. Muscle glucose uptake was markedly decreased in HF rats. In control rats, hyperinsulinemia resulted in a decrease in soleus TSGG compared with basal, due to increased [G](im). In HF rats during hyperinsulinemia, [G](im) also exceeded zero. Hyperinsulinemia also decreased muscle glucose in HF rats, implicating impaired glucose delivery. In conclusion, defects in extracellular and intracellular components of muscle glucose uptake are of major functional significance in this model of insulin resistance.
|
['3-O-Methylglucose', 'Animals', 'Arteries', 'Biological Transport', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Water', 'Carbon Radioisotopes', 'Dietary Fats', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Glucose', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Mannitol', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Phosphorylation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Tritium']
| 11,052,961
|
[['D09.408.348.500.500', 'D09.408.514.622.500'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['G03.143'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['A12.207.200'], ['D01.268.150.075.328', 'D01.496.123.328', 'D01.496.749.154'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D02.033.800.609', 'D09.853.609'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New tools for Mendelian disease gene identification: PhenoDB variant analysis module; and GeneMatcher, a web-based tool for linking investigators with an interest in the same gene.
|
Identifying the causative variant from among the thousands identified by whole-exome sequencing or whole-genome sequencing is a formidable challenge. To make this process as efficient and flexible as possible, we have developed a Variant Analysis Module coupled to our previously described Web-based phenotype intake tool, PhenoDB (http://researchphenodb.net and http://phenodb.org). When a small number of candidate-causative variants have been identified in a study of a particular patient or family, a second, more difficult challenge becomes proof of causality for any given variant. One approach to this problem is to find other cases with a similar phenotype and mutations in the same candidate gene. Alternatively, it may be possible to develop biological evidence for causality, an approach that is assisted by making connections to basic scientists studying the gene of interest, often in the setting of a model organism. Both of these strategies benefit from an open access, online site where individual clinicians and investigators could post genes of interest. To this end, we developed GeneMatcher (http://genematcher.org), a freely accessible Website that enables connections between clinicians and researchers across the world who share an interest in the same gene(s).
|
['Computational Biology', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Diseases, Inborn', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genomics', 'Internet', 'Phenotype', 'Software', 'Web Browser']
| 25,684,268
|
[['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C16.320'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['G05.695'], ['L01.224.900'], ['L01.224.900.940', 'L01.470.937']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of pre-adsorption of OVA or WPC on subsequent OVA or WPC fouling on heated stainless steel surface.
|
Fouling on the heat exchanger surface during food processing has been researched extensively due to its great importance in energy efficiency, product quality and food safety. The nature of heat exchanger surface has an effect on the initial deposition behavior and deposit removal behavior to some degree. Protein adsorption on surface is considered to be the initial stage in fouling. In the current study, protein 'pre-adsorption' at room temperature on stainless steel has been investigated as a means to influence the behavior of protein fouling at pasteurization temperatures. Pre-adsorption was carried out with whey protein concentrate (WPC) and ovalbumin (OVA), respectively, which reduced the fouling of OVA (?20-30% energy saving in the processing time examined). However, the pre-adsorption had little effect on fouling of whey protein concentrate. Contact angles were measured to show the surface change due to protein pre-adsorption. Protein pre-adsorption made the surfaces more hydrophilic.
|
['Adsorption', 'Animals', 'Biofouling', 'Chickens', 'Hot Temperature', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Ovalbumin', 'Stainless Steel', 'Surface Properties', 'Temperature', 'Whey Proteins']
| 25,863,709
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['B01.050'], ['G16.500.100', 'N06.850.460.150', 'N06.850.540.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['G02.409'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['D01.490.800.900', 'D01.552.033.847.681', 'D25.058.807.681', 'J01.637.051.058.807.681'], ['G02.860'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['A12.790.520.500', 'A12.790.760.500', 'D12.776.256.159.750.816', 'G07.203.300.350.525.760.500', 'G07.203.300.428.159.812.500', 'J02.500.350.525.520.500', 'J02.500.350.525.760.500', 'J02.500.428.159.750.500']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The changing incidence of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma by anatomic sub-site.
|
BACKGROUND: The incidence rates of gastric and oesophageal adenocarcinoma are changing significantly, but little is known about specific sub-sites.AIM: To use a population-based approach to describe the trends in the site-specific incidence of oesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma.METHODS: Using the Rochester Epidemiology Project, all cases of gastric and oesophageal adenocarcinoma among Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents first diagnosed between 1971 and 2000 were identified (n = 186). Complete in-patient and out-patient records were reviewed and site determined from pathological, surgical, endoscopic and radiological reports.RESULTS: Between the decades of 1971-1980 and 1991-2000, the incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma increased significantly from 0.4 to 2.5 per 100 000 person-years. The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagogastric junction also increased from a rate of 0.6 to 2.2 per 100 000 person-years. The incidence rate of cancer involving the gastric cardia was stable but the incidence of adenocarcinoma involving distal gastric sites declined. Combined oesophageal and oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (4.7 per 1 000 000 person-years) was as common as gastric adenocarcinoma (3.4 per 100 000 person-years) in 1991-2000.CONCLUSIONS: The incidence rates of adenocarcinoma involving proximal gastric sub-sites do not appear to be increasing in a manner similar to those involving oesophageal sub-sites.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Minnesota', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 17,270,000
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Stiff skin syndrome and myeloma successfully treated with autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
|
Stiff skin syndrome (SSS) is a rare scleroderma-like syndrome characterised by stone hard skin, joint limitation and progressive restriction of chest that may lead to death. We describe the efficacy of haematopoietic autologous stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in a case of SSS secondary to a smouldering myeloma (SM), with severe joint disability, lung interstitial disease and oesophageal dysfunction. The patient was evaluated at 1, 12 and 18 months after HSCT, clinically (joint motility, HAQ and NYHA for dyspnoea) and instrumentally (DLCO, chest HRCT, oesophagus x-ray). After 18 months since HSCT, we observed a high improvement, contemporaneously to SM remission, of HAQ, joint motility, lung (at DLCO and HRCT) and oesophageal abnormalities.
|
['Contracture', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Myeloma', 'Skin Diseases, Genetic', 'Transplantation, Autologous', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,910,622
|
[['C05.550.323', 'C05.651.197'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.595.500', 'C14.907.454.460', 'C15.378.147.780.650', 'C15.378.463.515.460', 'C20.683.515.845', 'C20.683.780.650'], ['C16.320.850', 'C17.800.827'], ['E04.936.664'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[New aspects of early gastric carcinoma].
|
Between 1st January 1970 and 31st December 1984, 910 total or subtotal resections for gastric cancer were carried out in the Department of Surgery of the University Clinic Mannheim. A work-up of operative specimens showed that 146 patients (16%) had early gastric carcinoma. The patients comprised 97 men and 49 women; the youngest was 31, the oldest 86 years. The following trends were apparent when the 58 patients operated on between 1970 and 1976 were compared with the 68 patients operated on between 1977 and 1982: An increase in early gastric carcinoma is also detectable in younger patients. The previously seen tendency for localisation in the antrum appears to have changed in favour of the upper segments of the stomach. The proportion of the diffuse type rose from 26% in the first group to 44% in the second. The 5-year survival of all patients with early gastric carcinoma was 78.8%. No significant difference could be found between the diffuse and intestinal type. The prognosis of early gastric carcinoma appears to be dependent on the depth of invasion and involvement of the lymph nodes.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Sex Factors', 'Stomach', 'Stomach Neoplasms']
| 3,948,718
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['A03.556.875.875'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Is p53 a protein that predicts the response to chemotherapy in node negative breast cancer?
|
The role of p53 in modulating apoptosis has suggested that it may affect efficacy of anti cancer agents. For this reason, we have evaluated p53 alterations in 282 consecutive patients with infiltrating node-negative breast cancer who underwent primary surgery and were randomized either to CMF (Cyclophosphamide 400 mg/m2, Fluorouracil 400 mg/m2, and Methotrexate 40 mg/m2) or control arm (no adjuvant therapy) from 1980 to 1989. p53 alterations were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using DO7 MoAb, revealed by immunoperoxidase technique, and quantitated in term of percentage of positive cells. We observed a positive staining in 24% of the tumors. Among them, 10% had a positive staining in more than 75% of the cells. There was a highly significant association between the proportion of positive cells and histologic grade of the infiltrating ductal carcinomas (p<0.004). However, there was no association with age, tumor size, hormone receptor content, or vascular embolism. There was a trend but no significant relationship between positive staining and overall survival either in each arm of the trial or in the overall population. Interestingly, we observed a higher relative risk of local relapse after conservative therapy in the boosted area in the group of mutated p53 (RR=4.41; p<0.0005). We conclude that, in this node-negative breast tumor population, alteration of p53 cannot predict the response to the chemotherapy. However, it may represent a useful marker of risk of local relapse and of radio resistance.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Fluorouracil', 'Humans', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Methotrexate', 'Middle Aged', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53']
| 9,493,975
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Patient time costs associated with sensor-augmented insulin pump therapy for type 1 diabetes: results from the STAR 3 randomized trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Sensor-augmented pump therapy (SAPT) leads to lower glycated hemoglobin levels than multiple daily injections of insulin (MDI) in patients with type 1 diabetes. Patient time and costs associated with SAPT are not known.OBJECTIVE: We compared time spent on diabetes-related care, changes in time, and associated patient time costs between patients randomly assigned to SAPT or MDI. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS. During a 52-week clinical trial, participants aged 7 to 70 years (n = 483) reported total time per week spent on diabetes-related care.MEASUREMENTS: Patient time, including comparisons during pump initiation, 52-week patient time costs, and changes in weekly time estimates after pump initiation.RESULTS: At baseline, patients in the MDI group reported spending an average of 4.0 hours per week on diabetes-related care. During the pump initiation period (weeks 1-7), SAPT patients spent 1.9 hours more per week than MDI patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-2.6). After the initiation period (weeks 8-52), SAPT patients spent 1 hour more per week (95% CI, 0.4-1.7) than MDI patients (i.e., 4.4 v. 3.4 hours); patients in both groups spent progressively less time on diabetes-related care by 1.2 minutes per week (95% CI, -1.7 to -0.7). Overall, mean time costs per person were $4600 with the SAPT group and $3523 with the MDI group (difference, $1077; 95% CI, $491-$1638).LIMITATIONS: Time spent on specific activities was not collected, and the estimates do not explicitly account for caregiver time associated with diabetes care activities.CONCLUSIONS: Patients receiving SAPT v. MDI spent approximately 2 hours more per week on diabetes-related care during pump initiation and 1 hour more per week thereafter, resulting in higher patient time costs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Infusion Pumps', 'Insulin', 'Middle Aged', 'Time and Motion Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 23,128,579
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.505', 'E07.858.082.505'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.784.412.846.707', 'F02.784.692.746.707'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Skin and coat traits in sheep in Brazil and their relation with heat tolerance.
|
The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare physical parameters in groups of sheep with different phenotypic characteristics in the Centre-west region of Brazil. Five groups of sheep, with nine animals per group, were selected, three groups of Santa In?s animals with different coat colours (white, brown and black), one group with crossbred animals (Santa In?s ? Bergamasca) and one group with animals of the Bergamasca breed. The following traits were evaluated: coat thickness, number and length of hair, pigmentation level in the coat and the skin as well as the percentage area of sweats glands in the skin tissue, carried out by histological analysis. The number of hairs and the area of sweats glands were not significantly different between the evaluated groups. The Bergamasca breed showed low pigmentation of the skin and long hairs. The levels of pigmentation of the hair and of the skin were highly correlated. Between the Santa In?s groups, the group with white hair showed the better parameters for heat adaptation, while the brown hair group showed the lower heat adaptation when compared with another hair breed groups.
|
['Acclimatization', 'Animals', 'Brazil', 'Hair', 'Hot Temperature', 'Linear Models', 'Phenotype', 'Pigmentation', 'Sheep', 'Skin', 'Skin Pigmentation', 'Species Specificity', 'Sweat Glands']
| 20,680,445
|
[['G07.025.133', 'G16.012.500.133'], ['B01.050'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['A17.360'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['G05.695'], ['E01.370.600.620', 'G16.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A17.815'], ['E01.370.600.115.450.500', 'E01.370.600.620.750', 'G07.100.175.500', 'G13.750.837', 'G16.690.890'], ['G16.824'], ['A10.336.899', 'A17.815.830']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Traumatic experiences and posttraumatic stress reactions in children and their parents from Kurdistan and Sweden.
|
This study was conducted to assess trauma scores and posttraumatic stress symptoms among Kurdistanian refugee children and their parents in Sweden and a comparable group of Swedish children and their parents. Comparative Kurdistanian and Swedish samples composed of 32 children each and their parents were interviewed by means of a specially devised trauma instrument (HUTQ-C), to identify traumatic events and to measure trauma scores, and with (PTSS-C) and (HTQ) to diagnose posttraumatic stress syndrome (PTSD) among children and adults, respectively. Although Kurdistanian parents reported considerably more traumatic events than Swedish parents, children in both samples showed more similarities than differences, both with regard to types and levels of traumatic events. Kurdistanian parents showed higher PTSD frequencies than Swedish parents. However, these differences proved to be significant with regard to both the mother's and the father's lifetime and current PTSD symptom scores. Kurdistanian parents have experienced more war traumas and differ with regard to trauma exposure and its consequences when compared with Swedish parents. Children from the two samples showed more similarities than differences with regard to reported trauma and PTSD-related symptoms. These results underline the significance of child-specific factors in trauma and PTSD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle East', 'Parents', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Refugees', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Sweden']
| 11,839,132
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['M01.755'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
[Relationship between the state of the autonomic nervous system and nociceptive reactivity during preoperative emotional stress].
|
Using a complex of techniques, the state of autonomic nervous system, nociceptive reactivity, emotional status and endocrine reactions have been studied in 108 patients with preoperative emotional stress. It has been established that the immediate preoperative period in young patients is characterized by predominance of sympathetic nervous system tone associated with hypercortisolemia and high nociceptive reactivity. Sedative effect of premedication with tranquilizers is poorly realized. Elderly patients in analogous conditions are characterized by predominance of parasympathicotonia, low autonomic, emotional, endocrine and nociceptive reactivity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Biological', 'Pain Measurement', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surgical Procedures, Operative']
| 7,943,897
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A08.800.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E04']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dimerization of cGMP-dependent protein kinase Ibeta is mediated by an extensive amino-terminal leucine zipper motif, and dimerization modulates enzyme function.
|
All mammalian cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs) are dimeric. Dimerization of PKGs involves sequences located near the amino termini, which contain a conserved, extended leucine zipper motif. In PKG Ibeta this includes eight Leu/Ile heptad repeats, and in the present study, deletion and site-directed mutagenesis have been used to systematically delete these repeats or substitute individual Leu/Ile. The enzymatic properties and quaternary structures of these purified PKG mutants have been determined. All had specific enzyme activities comparable to wild type PKG. Simultaneous substitution of alanine at four or more of the Leu/Ile heptad repeats ((L3A/L10A/L17A/I24A), (L31A/I38A/L45A/I52A), (L17A/I24A/L31A/I38A/L45A/I52A), and (L3A/L10A/L45A/I52A)) of the motif produces a monomeric PKG Ibeta. Mutation of two Leu/Ile heptad repeats can produce either a dimeric (L3A/L10A) or monomeric (L17A/I24A and L31A/I38A) PKG. Point mutation of Leu-17 or Ile-24 (L17A or I24A) does not disrupt dimerization. These results suggest that all eight Leu/Ile heptad repeats are involved in dimerization of PKG Ibeta. Six of the eight repeats are sufficient to mediate dimerization, but substitutions at some positions (Leu-17, Ile-24, Leu-31, and Ile-38) appear to have greater impact than others on dimerization. The Ka of cGMP for activation of monomeric mutants (PKG Ibeta (delta1-52) and PKG Ibeta L17A/I24A/L31A/I38A/L45A/I52A) is 2- to 3-fold greater than that for wild type dimeric PKG Ibeta, and there is a corresponding 2- to 3-fold increase in cGMP-dissociation rate of the high affinity cGMP-binding site (site A) of these monomers. These results indicate that dimerization increases sensitivity for cGMP activation of the enzyme.
|
['Amino Acid Motifs', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Line', 'Centrifugation, Density Gradient', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I', 'Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases', 'Dimerization', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Escherichia coli', 'Humans', 'Insecta', 'Isoleucine', 'Kinetics', 'Leucine', 'Leucine Zippers', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Mutation', 'Point Mutation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Quaternary', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid']
| 12,933,804
|
[['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500', 'G02.111.570.820.709.600.500'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.181.724.336', 'E05.196.941.336'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.150.500', 'D12.644.360.200.150.500', 'D12.776.476.200.150.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.150.150', 'D12.644.360.200.150', 'D12.776.476.200.150'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['D12.125.070.577', 'D12.125.142.383'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.500.520'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.550'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hidradenitis suppurativa: epidemiological study of cases diagnosed at a dermatological reference center in the city of Bauru, in the Brazilian southeast State of S?o Paulo, between 2005 and 2015.
|
Background:: Hidradenitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the hair follicles. A treatment is necessary due to chronicity and psychological changes that patient present.Objective:: To investigate epidemiological aspects and elaborate a risk group profile, promote early diagnosis and contribute to the knowledge about the disease.Methods:: This cross-sectional descriptive study with retrospective analysis of medical records of 194 patients diagnosed with hidrosadenitis in a dermatological reference center in the city of Bauru (SP) between 2005 and 2015.Results:: Females accounted for 74% of cases. The age at diagnosis ranged from 10 to 67 years and the majority was within the 3rd and 4th decade of life. It occurred Association with diabetes mellitus in 33%, obesity in 55% and smoking in 61% was observed. Mean time between the onset of the disease and diagnosis was nine years. Hurley stage II was the most common at diagnosis. The therapeutic option mostly used in Hurley I and II was systemic antibiotics and in Hurley III was surgery.Study limitations:: the main limitation of this study is its retrospective design, which does not allow the true clinical confirmation of the disease by investigators.Conclusion:: we outlined the following profile: women, caucasian, between 3rd and 4th decade of life, associated with obesity, smoking, late diagnosis and multiple potential therapeutic modalities. We highlight the importance of studies like this in order to identify risk groups and encourage early diagnosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brazil', 'Child', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Hidradenitis Suppurativa', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Young Adult']
| 28,538,878
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C01.150.252.819.420', 'C01.800.720.420', 'C01.830.499', 'C17.800.838.765.420', 'C17.800.946.315.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Differential inhibitory effects of sulfated polysaccharides and polymers on the replication of various myxoviruses and retroviruses, depending on the composition of the target amino acid sequences of the viral envelope glycoproteins.
|
Sulfated polysaccharides (i.e., dextran sulfate) and sulfated polymers (i.e., sulfated polyvinylalcohol and sulfated copolymers of acrylic acid with vinylalcohol) were found to be potent and selective inhibitors of the replication of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza virus type A (influenza A virus) but not of other myxoviruses (parainfluenza 3, measles, and influenza B viruses). The compounds were also inhibitory to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 and simian immunodeficiency virus but not simian AIDS-related virus. The mode of antiviral action of the sulfated polysaccharides and polymers can be attributed to an inhibition of virus binding to the cells (HIV-1), inhibition of virus-cell fusion (influenza A virus), or inhibition of both virus-cell binding and fusion (RSV). The fact that the sulfated polysaccharides and polymers are inhibitory to some myxoviruses and retroviruses but not to others seems to depend on the composition of the amino acid sequences of the viral envelope glycoproteins that are involved in virus-cell binding and fusion. All myxoviruses and retroviruses that are sensitive to the sulfated polysaccharides and polymers share a tripeptide segment (Phe-Leu-Gly). This tripeptide segment may be involved either directly (as a target sequence) or indirectly in the inhibitory effects of the compounds on virus-cell binding and fusion.
|
['Acrylic Resins', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Dextran Sulfate', 'Heparin', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Orthomyxoviridae', 'Pentosan Sulfuric Polyester', 'Retroviridae', 'Virus Replication']
| 1,725,692
|
[['D05.750.716.822.111', 'D25.720.716.822.111', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D09.698.365.272.300'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B04.820.480.968'], ['D02.886.645.655.424', 'D09.698.682'], ['B04.613.807', 'B04.820.650'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Osteoporosis Recognition in Rats under Low-Power Lens Based on Convexity Optimization Feature Fusion.
|
Considering the poor medical conditions in some regions of China, this paper attempts to develop a simple and easy way to extract and process the bone features of blurry medical images and improve the diagnosis accuracy of osteoporosis as much as possible. After reviewing the previous studies on osteoporosis, especially those focusing on texture analysis, a convexity optimization model was proposed based on intra-class dispersion, which combines texture features and shape features. Experimental results show that the proposed model boasts a larger application scope than Lasso, a popular feature selection method that only supports generalized linear models. The research findings ensure the accuracy of osteoporosis diagnosis and enjoy good potentials for clinical application.
|
['Algorithms', 'Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Lenses', 'Microscopy', 'Osteoporosis', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tibia', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 31,358,772
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E07.632.500'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['C05.116.198.579', 'C18.452.104.579'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.883'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
L-uridine: synthesis and behavior as enzyme substrate.
|
L-Uridine, the enantiomer of the normal RNA constituent D-uridine, was synthesized from L-ribose through coupling with bis(trimethylsilyl)-uracil. The synthetic product had the expected chemical and physical characteristics. When used as the acceptor for phosphate transfer by the nucleoside phosphotransferase of carrot, L-uridine is converted to 5'-L-uridylic acid. The Michaelis constants K(m) are 28 x 10(-3)M for L-uridine, 5 x 10(-3)M for D-uridine. The nucleoside phosphotransferase of human prostate, which phosphorylates D-uridine in the 5', 3', or 2' positions, fails to transfer phosphate to the 2' position of L-uridine, but does produce 5'-and 3'-L-uridylic acids.
|
['Nucleotidyltransferases', 'Phosphotransferases', 'Ribose', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Uridine']
| 5,260,923
|
[['D08.811.913.696.445'], ['D08.811.913.696'], ['D09.947.875.627.651'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D03.383.742.680.852', 'D13.570.685.852', 'D13.570.800.892']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Hsp70 Gene Family in Solanum tuberosum: Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogeny, and Expression Patterns.
|
Heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family members play important roles in protecting plants against abiotic stresses, including salt, drought, heat, and cold. In this study, 20 putative StHsp70 genes were identified in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) through the integration of the gene structures, chromosome locations, phylogenetic relationships, and expression profiles. These StHsp70 genes were classified into five sub-families based on phylogenetic analysis. Chromosome mapping revealed that they were unevenly and unequally distributed on 10 of the 12 chromosomes. Furthermore, segmental and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of the StHsp70 genes. Phylogenetic tree of the HSP70 genes from potato and other plant species revealed multiple sub-families. These findings indicated a common ancestor which had generated diverse sub-families prior to a mono-dicot split. In addition, expression analysis using RNA-seq revealed that the majority of these genes were expressed in at least one of the tested tissue, and were induced by Phytophthora infestans. Then, based on qRT-PCR analysis, the results showed that the transcript levels of some of the StHsp70 genes could be remarkably induced by such abiotic and hormone stresses, which indicated their potential roles in mediating the responses of potato plants to both abiotic and biotic stress conditions.
|
['Chromosomes, Plant', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Genome, Plant', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Multigene Family', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Proteins', 'Solanum tuberosum', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 30,413,778
|
[['A11.284.187.560', 'A18.005', 'G05.360.162.560'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D12.776.765'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.725.777'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[In vitro inhibition of Chlamydia trachomatis growth by liposome-encapsulated cyclines].
|
The antichlamydial activity of tetracycline (Tet) and doxycycline (Dox) encapsulated in cationic (CaL), anionic (AnL) and neutral (NtL) liposomes has been evaluated in vitro by adding serial dilutions of antibiotics (minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC: 0.12-0.007 microgram/ml; MBC: 4 to 0.25 micrograms/ml) to HeLa 229 cell monolayers inoculated with Chlamydia trachomatis L2/434/Bu (10(3) ufi/ml). Following 72 h incubation at 37 degrees C under a 5% CO2 atmosphere, the chlamydial inclusions were stained by the May-Giemsa method to determine the MICs. After a second and third passage, the MBC1 and MBC2 were determined in antibiotic-free medium. The chlamydial inclusions were then counted to assess the degree of growth inhibition at each antibiotic dilution tested for MBC1 and MBC2 determinations. The MIC, MBC1 and MBC2 of the various antichlamydial agents were as follows: Tet (0.12; 4; 4), AnL-Tet (0.01; 1; 1), NtL-Tet (0.03; 1; 2), Dox (0.06; 1; 2), CaL-Dox (0.03; 0.5; 2), AnL-Dox (0.01; 1; 2), and NtL-Dox (0.03; 0.5; 0.5). It was found that Tet and Dox liposome-encapsulated antibiotics were more active than their non-encapsulated counterparts, and the inclusion count showed a higher inhibitory activity of the former antibiotics on chlamydial growth. The inhibition of chlamydial growth by AnL-Tet may be of bactericidal nature. In conclusion, liposome-encapsulated drugs could be of value in the treatment of chlamydial infections.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Chlamydia trachomatis', 'Doxycycline', 'Liposomes', 'Tetracycline']
| 11,265,224
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['B03.440.190.190.190.750'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.200', 'D04.615.562.900.200'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D02.455.426.559.847.562.900.875', 'D04.615.562.900.875']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Acute myocardial infarction--multivessel coronary artery disease in a 37-year-old postpartum women].
|
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) in the postpartum period is rare. We present a case of a 37-year-old women with acute MI which occurred 15 days after delivery. Coronary angiography revealed multivessel coronary artery disease and she underwent successful surgical revascularisation.
|
['Adult', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Bypass', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Puerperal Disorders']
| 20,054,771
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E04.100.376.719.332', 'E04.100.814.868.750', 'E04.928.220.520.220'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C13.703.844']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison and agreement between the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale and the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale in evaluating patients' eligibility for delirium assessment in the ICU.
|
BACKGROUND: Delirium evaluation in patients in the ICU requires the use of an arousal/sedation assessment tool prior to assessing consciousness. The Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale (SAS) are well-validated arousal/sedation tools. We sought to assess the concordance of RASS and SAS assessments in determining eligibility of patients in the ICU for delirium screening using the confusion assessment method for the ICU (CAM-ICU).METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study in the adult medical, surgical, and progressive (step-down) ICUs of a tertiary care, university-affiliated, urban hospital in Indianapolis, Indiana. The cohort included 975 admissions to the ICU between January and October 2009.RESULTS: The outcome measures of interest were the correlation and agreement between RASS and SAS measurements. In 2,469 RASS and SAS paired screens, the rank correlation using the Spearman correlation coefficient was 0.91, and the agreement between the two screening tools for assessing CAM-ICU eligibility as estimated by the ê coefficient was 0.93. Analysis showed that 70.1% of screens were eligible for CAM-ICU assessment using RASS (7.1% sedated [RASS ?3 to ?1]; 62.6% calm [0]; and 0.4% restless, agitated [+1 to +3]), compared with 72.1% using SAS (5% sedated [SAS 3]; 66.5% calm [4]; and 0.6% anxious, agitated [5, 6]). In the mechanically ventilated subgroup, RASS identified 19.1% CAM-ICU eligible patients compared with 24.6% by SAS. The correlation coefficient in this subgroup was 0.70 and the agreement was 0.81.CONCLUSION: Both SAS and RASS led to similar rates of delirium assessment using the CAM-ICU.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cohort Studies', 'Consciousness', 'Delirium', 'Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypnotics and Sedatives', 'Indiana', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Mass Screening', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Psychomotor Agitation', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 22,539,644
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['F02.463.188.409', 'F02.830.233'], ['C10.597.606.337.500', 'C23.888.592.604.339.500', 'F01.700.250.500', 'F03.615.350'], ['E01.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.277.350', 'D27.505.954.427.210.350'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.360', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.360'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['E01.370.500', 'E05.318.308.980.438.580', 'N02.421.726.233.443', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.580', 'N06.850.780.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C10.597.350.600', 'C10.597.606.881.700', 'C23.888.592.350.600', 'C23.888.592.604.882.700', 'F01.700.875.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mortality in alcoholics with autonomic neuropathy.
|
Seventy-nine male chronic alcoholics who had been tested for autonomic neuropathy using four tests of vagus nerve function were followed for up to 7 years (mean 5.5 years). Thirty-two subjects had no vagal neuropathy, 25 had one abnormal test and 22 had two or more abnormal vagal function tests and two of these also had orthostatic hypotension. There were no differences between the reported alcohol consumptions and evidence of central or peripheral nerve or liver damage between the three groups. Twelve patients died during the follow-up period. At 7 years the percentage survival for the subjects with no evidence of vagal neuropathy was 91%, with one abnormal test it was 66% and with two or more abnormal tests it was 79%. The expected percentage survival for each of the group was 94%, 91% and 88% respectively. The results suggest that evidence of vagal neuropathy in chronic alcoholics is associated with a significantly higher mortality than in the general population and that deaths due to cardiovascular disease are a major cause.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcoholism', 'Autonomic Nervous System Diseases', 'Cause of Death', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Vagus Nerve']
| 3,379,420
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['C10.177'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A08.800.050.050.925', 'A08.800.050.600.825', 'A08.800.800.060.920', 'A08.800.800.120.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection among dairy cows in Colorado and herd-level risk factors for seropositivity.
|
OBJECTIVE: To estimate seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) infection among adult dairy cows in Colorado and determine herd-level factors associated with the risk that individual cows would be seropositive.DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study.ANIMALS: 10,280 adult (> or = 2 years old) dairy cows in 15 herds in Colorado.PROCEDURE: Serum samples were tested with a commercial ELISA. A herd was considered to be infected with MAP if results of mycobacterial culture of > or = 1 individual cow fecal sample were positive or if > or = 1 culled cow had histologic evidence of MAP infection.RESULTS: 424 of the 10,280 (4.12%) cows were seropositive. Within-herd prevalence of seropositive cows ranged from 0% to 7.82% (mean, 2.6%). Infection was confirmed in 11 dairies. Cows in herds that had imported > or = 8% of their current herd size annually during the preceding 5 years were 3.28 times as likely to be seropositive as were cows in herds that imported < 8%. Cows in herds with > or = 600 lactating cows were 3.12 times as likely to be seropositive as were cows in herds with < 600 lactating cows. Cows in herds with a history of clinical signs of MAP infection were 2.27 times as likely to be seropositive as were cows in herds without clinical signs.CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Annual importation rate, herd size, and whether cows in the herd had clinical signs typical of MAP infection were associated with the risk that individual cows would be seropositive for MAP infection.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Bacterial', 'Cattle', 'Cattle Diseases', 'Colorado', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis', 'Paratuberculosis', 'Population Density', 'Risk Factors', 'Seroepidemiologic Studies']
| 15,239,481
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.107', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.125', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.125'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['C22.196'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['A12.459'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.300.600', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.300.600'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.747', 'C22.688'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.950', 'N05.715.360.330.500.950', 'N06.850.520.450.500.950']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with localised chronic severe pancreatitis show an increased number of single beta cells, without alterations in fractional insulin area.
|
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Recent histological analysis of pancreases obtained from patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes identified chronic islet inflammation and limited evidence suggestive of beta cell replication. Studies in rodent models also suggest that beta cell replication can be induced by certain inflammatory cytokines and by gastrin. We therefore tested the hypothesis that beta cell replication is observed in non-autoimmune human pancreatic disorders in which localised inflammation or elevated gastrin levels are present.METHODS: Resected operative pancreatic specimens were obtained from patients diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma (with or without chronic severe pancreatitis) or gastrinoma. Additional pancreatic tissue was obtained from autopsy control patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess fractional insulin area, beta cell number and replication rate and differentiation factors relevant to beta cell development.RESULTS: Fractional insulin area was similar among groups. Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and localised chronic severe pancreatitis displayed significant increases in the number of single beta cells, as well as increased beta cell replication rate and levels of neurogenic differentiation 1 in islets. Patients with gastrinoma demonstrated significant increases in the number of single beta cells, but the beta cell replication rate and islet differentiation factor levels were similar to those in the control group.CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: These findings indicate that chronic severe pancreatic inflammation can be associated with significant effects on beta cell number or replication rate, depending on the distribution of the cells. This information may prove useful for attempts seeking to design therapies aimed at inducing beta cell replication as a means of reversing diabetes.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Autopsy', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Insulin', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Ki-67 Antigen', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Pancreatitis, Chronic', 'Reference Values', 'Young Adult']
| 19,002,428
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.060', 'E05.070', 'I01.198.780.937.120'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['D12.776.660.625.500', 'D23.050.290.500', 'D23.101.140.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['C06.689.750.830'], ['E05.978.810'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Essential thrombocythemia and recurrent myocardial infarction.
|
We report the case of recurrent myocardial infarction with essential thrombocythemia (ET) in a 61-year-old female patient. Only one report of recurrence of myocardial infarction has been previously described. Coronary angiography 10 days after the infarction was normal. Thrombocythemia had been controlled with hydroxyurea.
|
['Angina, Unstable', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydroxyurea', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Platelet Count', 'Recurrence', 'Thrombocythemia, Essential']
| 10,931,165
|
[['C14.280.647.187.150', 'C14.907.585.187.150', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.065.950.395'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.740', 'E01.370.225.625.107.700', 'E01.370.225.625.625.625', 'E05.200.500.195.107.740', 'E05.200.625.107.700', 'E05.200.625.625.625', 'E05.242.195.107.740', 'G04.140.107.740', 'G09.188.105.700'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C15.378.100.832', 'C15.378.140.860.800', 'C15.378.190.636.860.800', 'C15.378.463.825']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
TTC7A mutations disrupt intestinal epithelial apicobasal polarity.
|
Multiple intestinal atresia (MIA) is a rare cause of bowel obstruction that is sometimes associated with a combined immunodeficiency (CID), leading to increased susceptibility to infections. The factors underlying this rare disease are poorly understood. We characterized the immunological and intestinal features of 6 unrelated MIA-CID patients. All patients displayed a profound, generalized lymphocytopenia, with few lymphocytes present in the lymph nodes. The thymus was hypoplastic and exhibited an abnormal distribution of epithelial cells. Patients also had profound disruption of the epithelial barrier along the entire gastrointestinal tract. Using linkage analysis and whole-exome sequencing, we identified 10 mutations in tetratricopeptide repeat domain–7A (TTC7A), all of which potentially abrogate TTC7A expression. Intestinal organoid cultures from patient biopsies displayed an inversion of apicobasal polarity of the epithelial cells that was normalized by pharmacological inhibition of Rho kinase. Our data indicate that TTC7A deficiency results in increased Rho kinase activity, which disrupts polarity, growth, and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, and which impairs immune cell homeostasis, thereby promoting MIA-CID development.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Cell Polarity', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Child', 'Consanguinity', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Exome', 'Female', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Linkage', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Intestinal Atresia', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Lymphopenia', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Proteins', 'Severe Combined Immunodeficiency', 'Thymus Gland', 'rho-Associated Kinases']
| 24,292,712
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G04.250'], ['A11.251'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G05.090.403.180', 'G05.180'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['A11.436'], ['G05.360.340.011'], ['E05.393.385'], ['G05.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C06.198.719', 'C06.405.469.445', 'C16.131.314.466'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['C15.378.553.546.605', 'C20.673.627'], ['E05.393.673'], ['D12.776'], ['C16.320.798.750', 'C16.614.815', 'C18.452.284.800', 'C20.673.795.750'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.814', 'D12.644.360.590', 'D12.776.476.595']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Level of DNA fragmentation in human sperm cells in varicocele and prostatitis].
|
Varicocele and prostatitis are the most common andrological diseases, which may be accompanied by a decrease in the production of sperm cells, the deterioration of their quality and increased risk of infertility. This work was aimed to the evaluation of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and main indices of sperm fertility (concentration, motility and morphology), and the relationship between these parameters in the men of active reproductive age suffering from prostatitis or varicocele. Assessment of sperm DNA fragmentation was performed by SCSA (sperm chromatin structure assay) using flow cytometry; sperm parameters were evaluated according to WHO recommendations. It was shown that men with prostatitis (n = 9) and varicocele (n = 22) had significantly higher DFI compared with men in the control group (n = 22). Negative influence of these diseases on the concentration and the percentage of motile sperm cells in the ejaculate was revealed. These data suggest that the deterioration in the quality of semen in varicocele and prostatitis may be caused not only by pathospermia, but also, at least partially, by violation of the integrity of the sperm DNA. Evaluation of sperm DNA fragmentation can be recommended for use in laboratory diagnostics for prediction of fertility in infertile men.
|
['Adult', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Humans', 'Infertility, Male', 'Male', 'Prostatitis', 'Sperm Count', 'Sperm Motility', 'Spermatozoa', 'Varicocele']
| 25,211,925
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.200.230'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.365.700'], ['C12.294.565.750'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['E01.370.225.992.812', 'E05.200.992.812', 'G04.198.750'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['C12.294.936', 'C14.907.903']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Adenylate cyclase activity of normal and transformed fibroblasts in culture.
|
The intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP regulates many cellular properties of normal rat, mouse, and human fibroblasts in culture. Thus it is important to elucidate how the activity of adenylate cyclase of fibroblasts might be altered and regulated by both intracellular and extracellular agents and events. In studies with several virally transformed fibroblast lines, as well as those transformed spontaneously or by 3-methylcholanthrene, a common feature of each type of transformation is a defective adenylate cyclase system. However, the means by which adenylate cyclase activity is altered differs with the cell system and the type of transformation. Here we concentrate on efforts to understand the regulatory properties of the adenylate cyclase from normal rat kidney fibroblasts. The modulation (increase or decrease) of the hormonal responsiveness of this enzyme may play an important role in its regulation. Of substantial interest is the isolation from serum of a high-molecular weight factor that selectively decreases the GTP and hormone-stimulated activities of adenylate cyclase. These findings are of value in our attempts at elucidation of the reasons for altered cyclase activity following virus transformation and during various stages of growth.
|
['Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors', 'Adenylyl Cyclases', 'Animals', 'Cations, Divalent', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Fatty Acids, Nonesterified', 'Guanine Nucleotides', 'Hormones', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Models, Biological', 'Phospholipids', 'Rats', 'Retroviridae']
| 748,758
|
[['D27.505.519.389.108'], ['D08.811.520.650.200', 'D12.644.360.050', 'D12.776.476.050'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.248.497.300.333'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.251'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D10.251.310'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454', 'D13.695.667.454', 'D13.695.827.426'], ['D06.472', 'D27.505.696.399.472'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D10.570.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B04.613.807', 'B04.820.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Codon usage in histone gene families of higher eukaryotes reflects functional rather than phylogenetic relationships.
|
The nucleic acid sequences coding for 23 H3 histone genes from a variety of species have been analyzed using a computer assisted alignment and analysis program. Although these histones are highly conserved within and between highly divergent species, they represent various classes of histones whose patterns of expression are distinctively regulated. Surprisingly, in dendrograms derived from these comparisons, H3 sequences cluster according to their modes of regulation rather than phylogenetically. These clusters are generated from highly distinctive patterns of codon usage within the functional gene classes. We suggest that one factor involved in specifying the differing codon usage patterns between functional classes is a difference in requirements for rapid translation of mRNA. In addition, the data presented here, together with structural and sequence information, suggest a heterodox evolutionary model in which genes related to the intron-bearing, basally expressed H3.3 vertebrate genes are the ancestors of the intronless H3.1 class of genes of higher eukaryotes. The H3.1 class must have arisen, therefore, following duplication of a primitive H3.3 gene, but prior to the plant-animal divergence. Implications of the data presented are discussed with regard to functional and evolutionary relationships.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Codon', 'Genes', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Models, Genetic', 'Phylogeny', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Species Specificity']
| 3,100,813
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Developmental changes in the engagement of episodic retrieval processes and their relationship with working memory during the period of middle childhood.
|
We examined the development of children's engagement of the episodic retrieval processes of recollection and familiarity and their relationship with working memory (WM). Ninety-six children (24 in four groups aged 8, 9, 10, and 11 years) and 24 adults performed an episodic memory (EM) task involving old/new, remember/know (R/K), and source memory judgements and numerous WM tasks that assessed verbal and spatial components of WM and delayed short-term memory (STM). Developmental changes were observed in EM with younger children (8-, 9-, 10-year-olds) making fewer remember responses than 11-year-olds and adults while 11-year-olds did not differ from adults. Only children aged 10 years plus showed a relationship between EM and WM. EM was related to verbal executive WM in 10- and 11-year-old children suggesting that children at this stage use verbal strategies to aid EM. In contrast, EM was related to spatial executive WM in adults. The engagement of episodic retrieval processes appears to be selectively related to executive components of verbal and spatial WM, the pattern of which differs in children and adults.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Child', 'Child Development', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Male', 'Memory, Episodic', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Verbal Learning']
| 21,995,741
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.525.200', 'G07.345.374.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.785.626'], ['F02.463.425.540.254'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['F02.463.425.952']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Treating those who fail to take themselves seriously: pathological aspects of humor.
|
A method of analyzing humor was presented. Patients are first made aware of their "being amused" by bringing their smiling and laughing to their attention. They can be then be led to see that their external life situation has predisposed them to experience an intrapsychic event--the spontaneous emergence of antithetical ideation into consciousness which has, in turn, given rise to three beliefs: (1) the ir-responsibility, (2) the incongruity, and (3) the inconsequentiality of the production and nature of this ideation. Two patients were presented to illustrate how foreknowledge of the three beliefs could aid the therapist in working through what might otherwise have been intractable pathology. The author is, generally, in favor of a more relaxed attitude about the use of humor and nonverbal expressive behavior in general, but urges that this material be integrated within the framework of a structured cognitive approach.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Affect', 'Defense Mechanisms', 'Humans', 'Laughter', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Personality Development', 'Professional-Patient Relations', 'Psychotherapy', 'Self Concept', 'Smiling', 'Wit and Humor as Topic']
| 2,221,214
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['F01.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.530.614'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['F01.752.747'], ['F01.829.401.650', 'N05.300.660'], ['F04.754'], ['F01.752.747.792'], ['F01.145.209.530.385.671'], ['F01.100.960', 'K01.517.946']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alternative splicing of a Caenorhabditis elegans gene produces two novel inhibitory amino acid receptor subunits with identical ligand binding domains but different ion channels.
|
Two full-length cDNAs, gbr-2A and gbr-2B, encoding inhibitory amino acid receptor subunits have been amplified and cloned from Caenorhabditis elegans mRNA. The 5' 732 bp of the two cDNAs, encoding 237 amino acids, are identical. The 3' 758 bp of the gbr-2B cDNA are present within the 3' untranslated region of the gbr-2A clone. As a result, the two cDNAs are predicted to encode subunits which share a common extracellular N-terminal sequence of 237 amino acids, but different, though closely related, C-terminal sequences which include four predicted membrane-spanning regions. A search of the EMBL database revealed that the sequences of the two subunits are most closely related to the alpha-subunit of the C. elegans avermectin receptor. Northern blot analysis showed the presence of two related mRNAs of approximately 2.2 and 1.5 kb in a developmentally mixed population of C. elegans. The genomic DNA sequence confirms that both mRNAs were transcribed from the same gene, gbr-2, suggesting that the closely related 3' sequences have arisen as a result of a partial gene duplication event. We propose that C. elegans is utilising alternative splicing to generate receptor subunits with identical extracellular, ligand-binding domains but different transmembrane, channel forming domains.
|
['Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing', 'Alternative Splicing', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Chloride Channels', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA, Helminth', 'GRB2 Adaptor Protein', 'Genes, Helminth', 'Ion Channels', 'Ligands', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proteins', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Receptors, Amino Acid']
| 9,409,779
|
[['D12.644.360.024', 'D12.776.157.057', 'D12.776.476.024'], ['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.175', 'D12.776.543.550.450.175', 'D12.776.543.585.400.175'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.308.315'], ['D12.644.360.024.290', 'D12.776.157.057.041', 'D12.776.476.024.377'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.310', 'G05.360.340.337.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.543.750.720.200']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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