Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Shorter Mandibular Length is Associated with a Greater Fall in AHI with Weight Loss.
|
RATIONALE: Obesity is a major risk factor towards the development of obstructive sleep apnea, while significant weight loss (both conservatively managed and surgically assisted) has a variable effect upon its severity. Differences in the effect of weight loss on obstructive sleep apnea may be due to underlying craniofacial characteristics.OBJECTIVES: To determine whether craniofacial characteristics can predict OSA treatment response to significant weight loss.METHODS: We analyzed craniofacial measurements from lateral cephalograms performed at baseline on 57 patients enrolled in a previously reported 2-year randomized clinical weight loss trial (laparoscopic adjustable gastric band surgery versus conservatively [dietician and very low calorie diet] treated). Group mean weight loss was ? 13% (mean weight loss 131 to 114 kg), with corresponding reduction in mean apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) from 61 to 41 events/h. Computer assisted lateral cephalogram analysis was undertaken by three trained staff blinded to treatment. We analyzed lateral cephalogram and demographic data at baseline (cross-sectional) and change over two years (interventional) in 54 patients.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Baseline cross-sectional analysis indicated no cephalometric measurement correlated significantly with baseline AHI when corrected for neck circumference. The percentage change in AHI over 2 years correlated with a shorter menton-gonion distance (i.e., mandibular body length). The % change in AHI correlated with the % weight change (R(2) = 0.25, p < 0.001) and mandibular body length (R(2) = 0.19, p = 0.002). The % change in AHI correlated with combined weight change and mandibular body length (combined R(2) = 0.31, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Weight loss as a therapeutic option for severe OSA with severe obesity may be predicted by shorter mandibular body length as measured by lateral cephalometry.
|
['Cephalometry', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Weight Loss']
| 25,515,279
|
[['E01.370.600.024.250', 'E05.041.250', 'N06.850.505.200.100.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850'], ['C23.888.144.243.963', 'G07.345.249.314.120.200.963']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Suppression of rat hepatic cytochrome P450s by protein-calorie malnutrition: complete or partial restoration by cysteine or methionine supplementation.
|
Pharmacokinetic profiles of therapeutic agents are altered by protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM). The current study was designed to determine the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450s in rats after protein restriction and to investigate its molecular basis. Western blot analysis revealed that rats with protein restriction for 4 weeks exhibited marked suppression in the hepatic P450 1A2, 2C11, 2E1, and 3A1/2 levels. Northern blot analysis showed that hepatic P450 1A2, 2C11, and 3A1/2 mRNAs were significantly decreased in the state of PCM. The P450 2E1 mRNA level was slightly decreased in PCM rats, suggesting the possibility that expression of P450 2E1 affected by PCM might result from the transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional regulation. PCM-induced changes in most P450 expression completely or partially returned to control levels by a week of cysteine supplementation. Cysteine also prevented decreases in P450 1A2, 2C11, 2E1, and 3A1/2 mRNA levels by PCM. Methionine was minimally active in restoring the P450 expression. A metabolic change in hepatic ethoxyresorufin dealkylase activity in PCM rats was consistent with the P450 apoprotein and mRNA levels. Although the plasma concentrations of azosemide, a loop diuretic, primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 1A, increased in protein-deprived rats, cysteine supplementation significantly reduced the increased plasma concentrations of the drug. The altered pharmacokinetic parameters of azosemide in PCM rats returned to those of control after cysteine supplementation, corroborating the conclusion that cysteine was effective in restoring cytochrome P450 expression and metabolic activities.
|
['Animals', 'Cysteine', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Diuretics', 'Gene Expression', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Protein-Energy Malnutrition', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sulfanilamides']
| 10,562,428
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D08.244.453.005.332', 'D08.244.453.100.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010.277', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.020.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010.332', 'D12.776.422.220.453.100.500'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D27.505.696.560.500'], ['G05.297'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['C18.654.521.500.708.626'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.065.884.725', 'D02.092.146.807', 'D02.886.590.700.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Transformation with the E1A + cHa-ras oncogenes enhances the trans-repressor function of the Elk-1 transcription factor].
|
Rat embryo fibroblasts (REF) transformed with the complementing E1A and cHa-ras oncogenes show a down-regulation of the c-fos early response gene, which is transcribed with the participation of Elk-1. The role of Elk-1 was studied with constructs coding for the full-length factor or its N- or C-terminal fragment fused with Gal. The trans-activating effect of each construct on the Gal4-Luc reporter plasmid was estimated in contransfected REF52 and E1A + cHa-ras cells stimulated with serum or treated with sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. In E1A + cHa-ras cells, serum activated the expression of C-terminal Gal-Elk(206-428) but not that of full-length Gal-Elk(1-428). The serum-induced activation of Gal-Elk(206-428) was suppressed by PD98059, a MEK/ERK inhibitor, and enhanced by SB203580, an inhibitor of the p38-kinase cascade. It was assumed that p38 negatively affects the MEK/ERK cascade, which plays the major role in the Elk-1 activation in response to serum. Sodium butyrate enhanced the Gal-Elk(1-428) activity both in serum-stimulated and in starving E1A - cHa-ras cells, suggesting a high activity of Elk-1-phosphorylating kinases in the latter. The butyrate-mediated activation of Gal-Elk(206-428) and Gal-Elk(1-428) was suppressed by PD98059 and, therefore, depended on the MEK/ERK cascade. Thus, Elk-1 acted not only as a positive, but also as a negative transcription regulator. Possibly, to suppress transcription, Elk-1 binds with histone deacetylases and thereby contributes to the inactive chromatin state in E1A + cHa-ras cells.
|
['Adenovirus E1A Proteins', 'Animals', 'Butyrates', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cells, Cultured', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fibroblasts', 'Flavonoids', 'Genes, ras', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Imidazoles', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Pyridines', 'Rats', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'ets-Domain Protein Elk-1']
| 12,391,846
|
[['D12.776.460.050.100', 'D12.776.624.664.520.045.050.100', 'D12.776.930.100', 'D12.776.964.700.045.050.100', 'D23.050.285.062.045', 'D23.050.327.062.045'], ['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.114', 'D10.251.400.143'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567', 'D12.644.360.450', 'D12.776.476.450'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D03.383.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.260.665.600.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.175.600.100', 'D12.776.930.720.600.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuroleptics from the 4a,9b-trans-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole series. 3. Carboxamidoalkyl derivatives.
|
Substitution of position 2 of the 4a,9b-trans-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole nucleus with omega-carboxamidoalkyl substituents leads to compounds with exceedingly potent neuroleptic activity in in vitro and in vivo models. Although duration of activity is not as long as that of the analogous 4-hydroxy-4-(4-fluorophenyl)butyl derivatives reported previously, the absolute potency in vivo is greater. The ability of these compounds to bind with great affinity to dopamine (DA) receptors further defines the nature of the DA receptor auxiliary binding site as a hydrogen-bond donating site in addition to or instead of a lipophilic site as has been previously proposed.
|
['Animals', 'Antipsychotic Agents', 'Carbolines', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Dopamine', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 2,876,105
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.040', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.331'], ['D03.383.725.150', 'D03.633.100.473.155', 'D03.633.300.154'], ['G02.282'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.300.400', 'D12.776.543.750.695.150.400', 'D12.776.543.750.720.330.400'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of interactions between environmental factors and KIF1B genetic variants on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in a Chinese cohort.
|
AIM: To examine the effect of the potential interaction between KIF1B variants (rs17401966 and rs3748578) and environmental factors on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a high-risk region in China.METHODS: Three hundred and six patients with HCC and 306 hospital-based control participants residing in the Shunde region of Guangdong Province, China were enrolled. Clinical characteristics were collected by reviewing the complete medical histories from the patient archives, and epidemiological data were collected using a questionnaire and clinical examination. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of KIF1B (rs17401966 and rs3748578) were chosen for the current study. All subjects were genotyped using a TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction. Multiplicative and additive logistic regression models were used to evaluate various gene-environment interactions.RESULTS: Smoking, frequent consumption of raw freshwater fish, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and a family history of HCC were important risk factors for HCC in this population. Chronic infection with HBV was the most important environmental risk factor for HCC [odds ratio (OR) = 12.02; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 6.02-24.00]. No significant association was found between the KIF1B variants alone and the risk of HCC. Nevertheless, a significant additive effect modification was observed between rs17401966 and alcohol consumption (P for additive interaction = 0.0382). Compared with non-drinkers carrying either the AG or GG genotype of rs17401966, individuals classified as alcohol consumers with the AA genotype of rs17401966 had a significantly increased risk of HCC (OR = 2.36; 95%CI: 1.49-3.74).CONCLUSION: The gene-environment interaction between the KIF1B rs17401966 variant and alcohol consumption may contribute to the development of HCC in Chinese individuals.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'China', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Gene-Environment Interaction', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Heterozygote', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Kinesin', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Phenotype', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Risk Factors']
| 27,122,668
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.695.337'], ['E05.393.385'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380.383'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.193.500', 'D12.776.220.600.450.450', 'D12.776.631.560.450'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Evidence of synergistic relationships between HIV and Human Papillomavirus (HPV): systematic reviews and meta-analyses of longitudinal studies of HPV acquisition and clearance by HIV status, and of HIV acquisition by HPV status.
|
INTRODUCTION: Observational studies suggest HIV and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections may have multiple interactions. We reviewed the strength of the evidence for the influence of HIV on HPV acquisition and clearance, and the influence of HPV on HIV acquisition.METHODS: We performed meta-analytic systematic reviews of longitudinal studies of HPV incidence and clearance rate by HIV status (review 1) and of HIV incidence by HPV status (review 2). We pooled relative risk (RR) estimates across studies using random-effect models. I2 statistics and subgroup analyses were used to quantify heterogeneity across estimates and explore the influence of participant and study characteristics including study quality. Publication bias was examined quantitatively with funnel plots and subgroup analysis, as well as qualitatively.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: In review 1, 37 publications (25 independent studies) were included in the meta-analysis. HPV incidence (pooled RR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.29 to 1.88; heterosexual males: pooled RR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.62, 2.34; females: pooled RR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.26 to 2.11; men who have sex with men: pooled RR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.82) and high-risk HPV incidence (pooled RR = 2.20, 95% CI: 1.90 to 2.54) was approximately doubled among people living with HIV (PLHIV) whereas HPV clearance rate (pooled RR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.42 to 0.67) was approximately halved. In review 2, 14 publications (11 independent studies) were included in the meta-analysis. HIV incidence was almost doubled (pooled RR = 1.91, 95% CI 1.38 to 2.65) in the presence of prevalent HPV infection. There was more evidence of publication bias in review 2, and somewhat greater risk of confounding in studies included in review 1. There was some evidence that adjustment for key confounders strengthened the associations for review 2. Misclassification bias by HIV/HPV exposure status could also have biased estimates toward the null.CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence for synergistic HIV and HPV interactions of clinical and public health relevance. HPV vaccination may directly benefit PLHIV, and help control both HPV and HIV at the population level in high prevalence settings. Our estimates of association are useful for mathematical modelling. Although observational studies can never perfectly control for residual confounding, the evidence presented here lends further support for the presence of biological interactions between HIV and HPV that have a strong plausibility.
|
['Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Papillomavirus Vaccines', 'Pregnancy', 'Vaccination']
| 29,873,885
|
[['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['D20.215.894.899.498'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Quantitation of carbohydrate monomers and dimers by liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry.
|
As remnants of plant wastes or plant secretions, carbohydrates are widely found in various environmental matrices. Carbohydrate-containing feedstocks represent important carbon sources for engineered bioproduction of commodity compounds. Routine monitoring and quantitation of heterogenous carbohydrate mixtures requires fast, accurate, and precise analytical methods. Here we present two methods to quantify carbohydrates mixtures by coupling hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization high-resolution mass spectrometry. Method 1 was optimized for eleven different carbohydrates: three pentoses (ribose, arabinose, xylose), three hexoses (glucose, fructose, mannose), and five dimers (sucrose, cellobiose, maltose, trehalose, lactose). Method 1 can monitor these carbohydrates simultaneously, except in the case of co-elution of xylose/arabinose and lactose/maltose/cellobiose peaks. Using the same stationary and mobile phases as in Method 1, Method 2 was developed to separate glucose and galactose, which were indistinguishable in Method 1. Both methods have low limits of detection (0.019-0.40 ìM) and quantification (0.090-1.3 ìM), good precision (2.4-13%) except sucrose (18%), and low mass error (0.0-2.4 ppm). Method 1 was robust at analyzing high ionic strength solutions, but a moderate matrix effect was observed. Finally, we apply Method 1 to track concurrently the extracellular depletion of five carbohydrates (xylose, glucose, fructose, mannose, and maltose) by Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5, a biotechnologically-important soil bacterial species.
|
['Carbohydrates', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Dimerization', 'Mass Spectrometry']
| 30,121,416
|
[['D09'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['E05.196.566']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Targeting c-Met in melanoma: mechanism of resistance and efficacy of novel combinatorial inhibitor therapy.
|
Numerous tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting c-Met are currently in clinical trials for several cancers. Their efficacy is limited due to the development of resistance. The present study aims to elucidate this mechanism of c-Met TKI resistance by investigating key mTOR and Wnt signaling proteins in melanoma cell lines resistant to SU11274, a c-Met TKI. Xenografts from RU melanoma cells treated with c-Met TKIs SU11274 and JNJ38877605 showed a 7- and 6-fold reduction in tumor size, respectively. Resistant cells displayed upregulation of phosphorylated c-Met, mTOR, p70S6Kinase, 4E-BP1, ERK, LRP6, and active â-catenin. In addition, GATA-6, a Wnt signaling regulator, was upregulated, and Axin, a negative regulator of the Wnt pathway, was downregulated in resistant cells. Modulation of these mTOR and Wnt pathway proteins was also prevented by combination treatment with SU11274, everolimus, an mTOR inhibitor, and XAV939, a Wnt inhibitor. Treatment with everolimus, resulted in 56% growth inhibition, and a triple combination of SU11274, everolimus and XAV939, resulted in 95% growth inhibition in RU cells. The V600E BRAF mutation was found to be positive only in MU cells. Combination treatment with a c-Met TKI and a BRAF inhibitor displayed a synergistic effect in reducing MU cell viability. These studies indicate activation of mTOR and Wnt signaling pathways in c-Met TKI resistant melanoma cells and suggest that concurrent targeting of c-Met, mTOR, and Wnt pathways and BRAF may improve efficacy over traditional TKI monotherapy in melanoma patients.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Everolimus', 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring', 'Heterografts', 'Human Growth Hormone', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Nude', 'Mutation', 'Phosphorylation', 'Piperazines', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met', 'Pyrazoles', 'Pyridazines', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sirolimus', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Sulfonamides', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Wnt Proteins']
| 24,914,950
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D02.540.505.760.500'], ['D03.633.300'], ['A01.941.875'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.425.875', 'D12.644.548.691.525.425.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D03.383.606'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.075', 'D12.776.543.750.630.186', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.100', 'D12.776.624.664.700.186'], ['D03.383.129.539'], ['D03.383.710'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.540.505.760'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['D02.065.884', 'D02.886.590.700'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925'], ['D12.776.467.984', 'D23.529.984']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Molecular characterization of membrane type and ganglioside-specific sialidase (Neu3) expressed in E. coli.
|
Endogenous expression of human membrane type ganglioside sialidase (Neu3) was examined in various cell lines including NB-1, U87MG, SK-MEL-2, SK-N-MC, HepG2, Hep3B, Jurkat, HL-60, K562, ECV304, Hela and MCF-7. Expression was detected in the neuroblastoma cell lines NB-1 and SK-N-MC, and also in erythroleukemia K562 cells, but not in any other cells. We isolated a Neu3 cDNA from K562 cells and expressed a His-tagged derivative in a bacterial expression system. The purified recombinant product of approximately 48 kDa had sialidase activity toward 4-methyl-umbelliferyl-alpha-D-N-acetylneuraminic acid (4MU-NeuAc). The optimal pH of the purified Neu3 protein for GD3 ganglioside was 4.5. The enzyme also efficiently hydrolyzed GD3, GD1a, GD1b and GM3 whereas sialyllactose, 4MU-NeuAc, GM1 and GM2 were poor substrates, and it had no activity against sialylated glycoproteins such as fetuin, transferrin and orosomucoid. We conclude that the sialidase activity of Neu3 is specific for gangliosides.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gangliosides', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Hymecromone', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Neuraminidase', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 15,179,041
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D09.400.410.420.025.475', 'D10.390.470.025.475', 'D10.570.877.360.025.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.300'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.912.531', 'D03.633.100.150.446.912.531'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D08.811.277.450.692'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Riboflavin status among rural children in Southern Italy.
|
A sample of 107 boys aged 7-10 in a rural area of Southern Italy was studied for riboflavin deficiency and its association with milk consumption. The boys represented 74 per cent of the total male population of that age group in the study area. The nutritional status was assessed by means of anthropometric indicators, dietary intakes by a 24-h recall method and the riboflavin status was evaluated by the assay of erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity. The nutritional status was found to be generally satisfactory with about one tenth of the children presenting stunting, wasting, or obesity. This picture is comparable to that recorded at the national level. The overall incidence of biochemical riboflavin deficiency was 13 per cent. No clinical sign of riboflavin deficiency was observed. None of the anthropometric indicators of malnutrition appeared to be related to biochemical evidence of riboflavin malnutrition. Dietary data showed that the children consumed a relatively small amount of milk and dairy products (mean 224 +/- 109 g/d). Thirteen out of 14 children with biochemical evidence of riboflavin deficiency belonged to the group who consumed less than 300 g/d of milk. However, only 15 per cent of the children consuming less than 300 g/d of milk and dairy products had biochemical evidence of riboflavin deficiency. It appears that the dietary pattern in rural areas with traditionally low milk consumption is compatible with a relatively satisfactory riboflavin nutriture. This finding suggests that milk and dairy products may occupy, under different dietary practices, a role less critical than usually attributed.
|
['Animals', 'Anthropometry', 'Child', 'Dairy Products', 'Diet', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Humans', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Milk', 'Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Riboflavin', 'Riboflavin Deficiency']
| 6,896,199
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.024', 'E05.041', 'N06.850.505.200.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G07.203.300.350', 'J02.500.350'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['A12.200.455', 'A12.790', 'G07.203.100.700', 'G07.203.300.350.525', 'J02.200.700', 'J02.500.350.525'], ['G07.203.650'], ['D03.633.100.733.315.650', 'D03.633.300.507.650', 'D08.211.474.650', 'D23.767.405.650'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.699.713']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Orthostatic headache from spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leakage; diagnosed by heavily T2-weighted magnetic resonance myelography.
|
Orthostatic headache is derived from low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure as evidenced by cranial magnetic resonance myelography (MRM). This reports three cases of patients coming with orthostatic headache without previous obvious spine trauma. The first two cases had headache with radiating neck pain while the third case had headache with radiating pain to the eye sockets or occasional nausea. The third case was diagnosed from cranial MR imaging. The three cases were not done for CSF opening pressure measuring or criterion's method myelography, but had done T2-weighted MR. All of three cases had spinal epidural collections. The second case had meningeal diverticula. The present report found a possible site of leak in all cases. In the present report, T2-weighted MR myelography could avoid dural puncture. It was used as a non-radiation exposure investigating technique. This technique can be used as the first line of investigation prior to CTM, guiding a radiologist to seek the most likely site of leak during CTM study.
|
['Adult', 'Cerebrospinal Fluid', 'Female', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Myelography']
| 22,774,632
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A12.207.270.210'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.505', 'E01.370.350.700.560.505', 'E01.370.376.537.750.505', 'E05.629.937.505']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A compendium of familial relative risks of cancer among first degree relatives: a population-based study.
|
Familial clustering of cancer is expected to occur at practically all anatomical sites. However, few studies have had sufficient size to investigate different sites simultaneously and with adjustment for confounders. We evaluated familial clustering in the Netherlands Cohort Study in which 120,852 men and women, aged 55-69 years in 1986 were followed up for 13.3 years. 14,025 Probands, 6,629 parents and 4,271 siblings were diagnosed with cancer. Relative Risks (RR) of cancer in first degree family members were calculated by using multivariable Cox regression analyses. We also calculated false-positive reporting probabilities. Significant concordant familial clustering was observed for stomach (RR(father) = 1.89, RR(parent) = 1.66, RR(sister) = 3.33, RR(sibling) = 2.38, RR(1st degree) = 1.69), colon/rectum (RR(father) = 1.82, RR(mother) = 1.83, RR(parent) = 1.88, RR(1st degree) = 1.56), lung (RR(brother) = 1.50) and breast cancer (RR(mother) = 1.65, RR(sister) = 1.72, RR(1st degree) = 1.72) with low false-positive reporting probabilities. Significant discordant familial clustering has been observed for combinations of pancreas-colon/rectum (RR(mother) = 2.42, RR(parent) = 1.89, RR(1st degree) = 1.73), larynx-lung (RR(father) = 3.35, RR(parent) = 2.84, RR(1st degree) = 2.30), lung-oesophagus (RR(sibling) = 3.49), breast-bladder (RR(father) = 2.79, RR(parent) = 2.61), endometrium-stomach (RR(mother) = 2.32), ovarium-oesophagus (RR(1stdegree) = 4.19), prostate-colon/rectum (RR(parent) = 1.46) and bladder-larynx/pharynx (RR(father) = 2.49) cancer, although false-positive reporting probabilities were higher for these associations. Familial clustering of cancer occurs at most sites but is generally modest. Some observed discordant familial clustering is surprising but should be interpreted with caution as their prior probability is low.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasms', 'Nuclear Family', 'Population Surveillance', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 18,623,131
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['F01.829.263.500', 'I01.880.853.150.500'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.700', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.625', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.700', 'N06.850.780.675'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neurotrophins 3 and 4 differentially regulate NCAM, L1 and N-cadherin expression during peripheral nerve regeneration.
|
The addition of NT-3 (neurotrophin 3) or NT-4 to injured nerves improves their regeneration potential and may aid axon guidance. It is not well defined whether NTs (neurotrophins) influence other elements, such as the cell-adhesion molecules, which promote nerve guidance and regeneration. Using poly-3-hydroxybutyrate conduits, we applied either NT-3 or NT-4 to axotomized rat sciatic nerves and monitored nerve regeneration and cell-adhesion molecule expression. Regenerating nerves were stained with antibodies against NCAM (neural cell-adhesion molecule) and N-cadherin 2 weeks after injury and staining intensity was quantified. NCAM, N-cadherin and L1 (L1 cell-adhesion molecule) transcription was measured in the proximal and distal stumps and ipsilateral DRG (dorsal root ganglia) (fourth and fifth DRG) using RT (reverse transcriptase)-PCR. Both NT-3 and NT-4 increased NCAM and L1 transcript levels in the DRG of axotomized nerves. This is reflected in the increased NCAM expression at the proximal stump and regeneration front. Increased levels of NCAM were also observed in the distal stump. NT-4 administration increased N-cadherin levels proximal to the injury, but not distally. Following NT-3 administration, N-cadherin expression decreased in proximal and distal stumps compared with the control. In conclusion, NTs differentially alter adhesion molecule expression in regenerating nerves and transcription in the corresponding DRG, although these changes in expression do not alter NT-enhanced regeneration. Thus we propose that retrograde transport of the NTs to the DRG affects adhesion molecule transcription, reflected by protein expression in peripheral nerve axons.
|
['Animals', 'Cadherins', 'Nerve Growth Factors', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1', 'Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Neurotrophin 3', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sciatic Nerve', 'Sciatic Neuropathy']
| 17,640,175
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['D12.644.276.860', 'D12.776.467.860', 'D12.776.631.600', 'D23.529.850'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.250.520.578', 'D12.776.543.550.200.250.520.578', 'D23.050.301.350.250.520.578'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.250.520', 'D12.776.543.550.200.250.520', 'D23.050.301.350.250.520'], ['D12.644.276.860.775', 'D12.776.467.860.775', 'D12.776.631.600.775', 'D23.529.850.775'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A08.800.800.720.450.760'], ['C10.668.829.500.675']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of Myocardial (18)F-FDG Uptake by PET/CT in the Patients with Different Dialectically Classified Coronary Heart Diseases (CHD).
|
To quantify myocardial glucose metabolism by (18)F-FDG PET/CT in patients that have coronary heart disease (CHD) according to traditional Chinese medicine classification. Ninety patients with CHD were enrolled and were categorized into three groups. All patients underwent PET-CT examination for (18)F-FDG uptake quantification. In group A, the radioactive signals were weak in multiple segments in 27 cases (90 %). One case had no visualization and two had normal visualization (mean SUV = 4 ± 0.6). In group B, the radioactive signals were in some local areas in eight cases (26.7 %). Twenty cases had an overall increase in signal density (SUV ? 8) (66.7 %). One case had no visualization, and one case had normal visualization (mean SUV 4 ± 0.6). In group C, 23 cases had no visual or a weak visual (SUV ? 2 ± 0.3) (76.7 %). Seven cases had segmental weak signals or signal defects. Different types of CHD demonstrate different metabolisms of myocardium glucose. It is necessary to dialectically classify CHD and apply differential treatment.
|
['Adult', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'International Classification of Diseases', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Radiopharmaceuticals']
| 25,638,340
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.945.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolic syndrome and endothelin-1 mediated vasoconstrictor tone in overweight/obese adults.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether endothelin (ET)-1 vasoconstrictor tone is greater in overweight and obese adults with the metabolic syndrome (MetS).MATERIALS/METHODS: Forty overweight/obese middle-aged and older adults (age: 43-71 years; BMI: 25.1-36.9 kg/m²) were studied: 20 without MetS (13 M/7 F) and 20 with MetS (13 M/7 F). MetS was established according to NCEP ATP III guidelines. Forearm blood flow (FBF; plethysmography) responses to intra-arterial infusion of selective ET(A) receptor blockade (BQ-123; 100 nmol/min; for 60 min) and non-selective ET(A/B) receptor blockade (BQ-123 + BQ-788 [50 nmol/min for 60 min]) were determined.RESULTS: In response to the selective ET(A) antagonism, there was a significant increase in forearm blood flow from baseline in both groups. However, the increase in forearm blood flow was significantly higher (P=0.03; ~45%) in the overweight/obese group with MetS than the group without MetS. In contrast, there were no significant group differences in FBF responses to non-selective ET(A/B) receptor blockade. Peak vasodilator responses to nonselective ET(A/B) blockade were ~50% higher than baseline blood flow in the overweight/obese groups without and with MetS.CONCLUSION: MetS is associated with higher ET-1 vasoconstrictor tone in overweight/obese adults. The enhanced ET-1 vasoconstrictor activity with MetS is mediated by the ET(A) receptor subtype.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Vessels', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Endothelin A Receptor Antagonists', 'Endothelin B Receptor Antagonists', 'Endothelin-1', 'Female', 'Forearm', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Overweight', 'Prehypertension', 'Receptor, Endothelin A', 'Receptor, Endothelin B', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Signal Transduction', 'Vasoconstriction', 'Vasodilation', 'Vasodilator Agents']
| 24,856,242
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['D27.505.519.364.500'], ['D27.505.519.364.750'], ['D12.644.276.400.225', 'D12.776.467.400.225', 'D23.529.400.225'], ['A01.378.800.585'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.888.144.699', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699'], ['C14.907.653'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.220.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.320.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.220.200', 'D12.776.543.750.750.320.200'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G09.330.380.925'], ['G09.330.380.928'], ['D27.505.954.411.918']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
ASK1 promotes the contact hypersensitivity response through IL-17 production.
|
Contact hypersensitivity (CHS) is a form of delayed-type hypersensitivity triggered by the response to reactive haptens (sensitization) and subsequent challenge (elicitation). Here, we show that ASK1 promotes CHS and that suppression of ASK1 during the elicitation phase is sufficient to attenuate CHS. ASK1 knockout (KO) mice exhibited impaired 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced CHS. The suppression of ASK1 activity during the elicitation phase through a chemical genetic approach or a specific inhibitory compound significantly reduced the CHS response to a level similar to that observed in ASK1 KO mice. The reduced response was concomitant with the strong inhibition of production of IL-17, a cytokine that plays an important role in CHS and other inflammatory diseases, from sensitized lymph node cells. These results suggest that ASK1 is relevant to the overall CHS response during the elicitation phase and that ASK1 may be a promising therapeutic target for allergic contact dermatitis and other IL-17-related inflammatory diseases.
|
['Animals', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Dermatitis, Contact', 'Dinitrofluorobenzene', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-17', 'MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 5', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases']
| 24,736,726
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['C17.800.174.255', 'C17.800.815.255'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.565.280', 'D02.640.529.240.280'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.517', 'D12.776.467.374.465.517', 'D23.529.374.465.517'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.559.500', 'D12.644.360.400.500', 'D12.776.476.400.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.843', 'D12.644.360.450.835', 'D12.776.476.450.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative sensitivity of Histoplasma capsulatum conidiospores and blastospores to oxidative antifungal systems.
|
The comparative sensitivity of blastospores and conidiospores of Histoplasma capsulatum to hydrogen peroxide, to hydrogen peroxide and halides, and to a combination of hydrogen peroxide and halide with the enzyme myeloperoxidase was studied. Blastospores of different strains of H. capsulatum varied in their sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide. This variation correlated with the amount of catalase in cell-free extracts from the strains. Blastospores and conidiospores of a single isolate were about equally susceptible to hydrogen peroxide, but this sensitivity could obviously vary with the catalase content of the two types of spores. Halides augmented the antifungal activity of hydrogen peroxide for both types of spores. Iodide was far more efficient in this regard than was chloride. A crude granule lysate from guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes was quite inhibitory to blastospore but not to conidiospore germination. A study of the myeloperoxidase activity of such preparations against blastospores was thus precluded. A sample of a very highly purified human myeloperoxidase functioned in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and either iodide or chloride to prevent germination of both blastospores and conidiospores. The preparation had no toxicity for spores apart from its interaction with hydrogen peroxide and halides.
|
['Animals', 'Catalase', 'Chlorides', 'Cytoplasmic Granules', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Histoplasma', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Iodides', 'Peroxidase', 'Peroxidases', 'Spores, Fungal']
| 6,260,684
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.500', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['B01.300.381.440'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D01.248.497.158.490', 'D01.475.410'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['D08.811.682.732'], ['A11.870.710', 'A19.374.500', 'B05.775.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reconstruction of bone defect using the bone transport technique for a case of osteosarcoma of the femur.
|
There are few reports on skeletal reconstruction using the bone transport technique to repair bone defects caused by resections of tumors associated with osteosarcoma. We attempted to reconstruct a 23 cm bone defect after resection of an osteosarcoma of the left femur, and succeeded in gaining 17 cm by bone transport. Five years after surgery, this patient remains alive without metastasis or local recurrence.
|
['Bone Regeneration', 'Bony Callus', 'Child', 'Female', 'Femoral Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Ilizarov Technique', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Radiography']
| 9,548,997
|
[['G11.427.213.140', 'G16.762.150.150'], ['A10.165.265.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C04.588.149.276', 'C05.116.231.343'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.555.120.380', 'E04.555.300.380'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['E01.370.350.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The scientific claims of British child guidance, 1918-45.
|
This article examines the British child guidance movement's claim to scientific status and what it sought to gain by the wider acceptance of such a claim. The period covered is from the movement's origins in the 1920s to the end of the Second World War, by which point it had been incorporated into the welfare state. This was also an era when science commanded high intellectual and cultural status. Child guidance was a form of psychiatric medicine that addressed the emotional and psychological difficulties that any child might experience. It thus saw itself as a form of preventive medicine and as a component of the international movement for mental hygiene. Child guidance was organized around the clinic and employed the knowledge and skills of three distinct professions: psychiatrists, psychologists and psychiatric social workers. Its claim to scientific status was underpinned by the movement's clinical and organizational approach and in turn derived from developments in the laboratory sciences and in academic medicine. There were, however, those even within the movement itself who challenged child guidance's purported scientific status. Such objections notwithstanding, it is suggested here that at least in its own terms the claim was justified, particularly because of the type of psychiatric approach which child guidance employed, based as it was on a form of medical holism.
|
['Child', 'Child Guidance', 'Child Psychiatry', 'Child, Preschool', 'History, 20th Century', 'Humans', 'Mental Health', 'United Kingdom']
| 20,027,910
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F02.784.629.272', 'F04.408.192'], ['F04.096.544.193', 'H02.403.690.130'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['Z01.542.363']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Imaging predictors of clinical deterioration in cerebral venous thrombosis.
|
Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare stroke subtype with a highly variable clinical course. There is limited information on clinical deterioration in these patients, and imaging predictors of deterioration have not been studied adequately. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the radiological predictors of clinical deterioration in patients with CVT. We conducted a retrospective study of 106 consecutive patients from 1997 to 2010. All patients were confirmed as having CVT using imaging techniques. The following clinical data were collected: patient demographics, clinical presentation, radiological findings, treatment and clinical deterioration. Of the 106 patients, there were 77 females and 29 males, with a mean age of 43 years (range 19-79 years). The common symptoms of clinical presentation included headache (72%), seizure (29%) and severe motor impairment (20%). Overall, 34% of the patients with CVT developed clinical deterioration during hospital admission. Univariate analysis showed venous infarcts and hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) as predictors of clinical deterioration. Parenchymal haemorrhage, vasogenic oedema, midline shift and thrombosis location were not predictive of clinical deterioration. In conclusion, our study showed that venous infarcts and hyperintensity on DWI were associated with clinical deterioration in patients with CVT. These findings suggest that close monitoring is necessary in these groups of patients as they may require more aggressive therapy.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anticoagulants', 'Brain Edema', 'Cerebral Infarction', 'Demography', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Hemorrhages', 'Intracranial Thrombosis', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuroimaging', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Venous Thrombosis', 'Young Adult']
| 22,796,274
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['C10.228.140.187'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.535', 'C14.907.253.573', 'C23.550.414.913'], ['C10.228.140.300.525.425', 'C14.907.253.566.350', 'C14.907.355.590.213.350'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.578', 'E01.370.376.537', 'E05.629'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['C14.907.355.830.925'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
RAGE deficiency predisposes mice to virus-induced paucigranulocytic asthma.
|
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. Although many patients with asthma develop type-2 dominated eosinophilic inflammation, a number of individuals develop paucigranulocytic asthma, which occurs in the absence of eosinophilia or neutrophilia. The aetiology of paucigranulocytic asthma is unknown. However, both respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and mutations in the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) are risk factors for asthma development. Here, we show that RAGE deficiency impairs anti-viral immunity during an early-life infection with pneumonia virus of mice (PVM; a murine analogue of RSV). The elevated viral load was associated with the release of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) which triggered airway smooth muscle remodelling in early-life. Re-infection with PVM in later-life induced many of the cardinal features of asthma in the absence of eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation. Anti-HMGB1 mitigated both early-life viral disease and asthma-like features, highlighting HMGB1 as a possible novel therapeutic target.
|
['Agranulocytosis', 'Animals', 'Asthma', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'HMGB1 Protein', 'Mice', 'Murine pneumonia virus', 'Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products', 'Viral Load']
| 28,099,113
|
[['C15.378.553.546.184'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['D12.776.260.356.300', 'D12.776.660.235.400.600.300', 'D12.776.664.235.400.600.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B04.820.480.937.600.670.600.550'], ['D12.776.543.750.615'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
25-hydroxyvitamin D, parathyroid hormone, and functional recovery after hip fracture in elderly patients.
|
There is increasing interest in the effects of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on extraskeletal tissues, including the muscle. These effects may explain impairment in functional ability found in vitamin D-deficient subjects. Our aim was to investigate the roles of vitamin D and PTH in affecting the ability to perform activities of daily living after hip fracture. We studied 456 of 521 hip-fracture patients admitted consecutively to a rehabilitation hospital. Functional outcome was assessed after acute inpatient rehabilitation by using the Barthel index score. The functional scores were significantly correlated with serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (rho = 0.190; P < 0.001) and PTH (rho = -0.164; P < 0.001) and the 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio (rho = 0.261; P < 0.001). At multiple regression, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH levels were independently associated with Barthel index scores. The correlation between the 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio and Barthel index scores was significantly stronger than the one between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and Barthel index scores (difference between the two correlation coefficients = 0.071; 95% CI = 0.009-0.133; P = 0.011). The significant association between the 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio and the Barthel index scores persisted after adjustment for 12 prognostic factors (P = 0.012). On the whole, the panel of prognostic factors we studied predicted 50.1% of the variance of the functional score. Data shows that PTH and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were significantly associated with the ability to function after hip fracture and suggest that the two hormones act through independent mechanisms. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D/PTH ratio significantly contributed to a predictive model of functional outcome.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bone Density', 'Female', 'Hip Fractures', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Parathyroid Hormone', 'Prognosis', 'Recovery of Function', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency']
| 16,369,897
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G11.427.100'], ['C26.404.061.425', 'C26.531.750', 'C26.558.276.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['D06.472.699.590', 'D12.644.548.587'], ['E01.789'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Comparative analysis on the biological basis of blood stasis syndrome induced by qi-stagnation and qi-deficiency in patients with unstable angina pectoris].
|
OBJECTIVE: To comparatively analyse the objective characteristics of different syndrome types of qi-disturbance-induced blood stasis syndrome (QDBS) in the pathogenetic evolution of unstable angina coronary heart disease (UA-CHD).METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with UA-CHD of QDBS were differentiated into 2 groups: 55 in the qi-deficiency-induced blood-stasis syndrome group (A) and 23 in the qi-stagnation-induced blood-stasis syndrome group (B). The comparative analysis on them was carried out through comparing their blood pressure, glucose and lipid metabolisms, coagulation function, thyroid function and inflammation reaction changes, etc.RESULTS: In the pathogenetic process of qi-disturbance induced blood stasis, the initiating age, levels of HbA1c, TSH, PT and APTT between the two groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). Levels of TNF-alpha and LN were higher and levels of sIgA lower in patients than those in healthy subjects (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Inflammation immune reaction may play an important role in the pathogenetic process of blood-stasis syndrome, and the functional disturbance of hypothalamus, pituitary and endocrinal secretion induced by emotional stress is possibly the essence of qi-stagnation induced blood stasis syndrome.
|
['Adult', 'Angina, Unstable', 'Coronary Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Medicine, Chinese Traditional', 'Qi']
| 20,669,667
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.280.647.187.150', 'C14.907.585.187.150', 'C23.888.592.612.233.500.150'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.488.585.520', 'I01.076.201.450.654.558.520'], ['I01.076.201.450.654.558.520.300', 'K01.752.730']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Polypharmacy and Crohn's disease.
|
BACKGROUND: Polypharmacy has not been defined for Crohn's disease.AIMS: To determine the prevalence of polypharmacy, factors associated with polypharmacy, and consequences of polypharmacy in a Crohn's disease population.METHODS: A review of 291 Crohn's disease patients was performed. Polypharmacy was defined as either minor (two to four medications) or major (> or = 5 medications). Clinical status was evaluated with the Harvey-Bradshaw index of disease activity (HBI) and the short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (SIBDQ).RESULTS: Major polypharmacy was identified in 50% of patients. Crohn's disease patients on less than two medications at the intake visit had an HBI of 3.6 compared with 5.4 and 6.0 in the minor and major polypharmacy groups (P < 0.05). Similarly, patients on less than two medications had an SIBDQ of 60.3 compared with 55.7 and 53.4 in the minor and major polypharmacy groups (P = 0.11). Predictors of polypharmacy included age > 40 years (OR 1.9), duration of disease > 10 years (OR 2.0), and female sex (OR 2.5).CONCLUSIONS: Polypharmacy is common in Crohn's disease and correlates with increased disease activity and decreased quality of life. Increasing age, increasing duration of disease, and female sex are associated with major polypharmacy. These findings emphasize the need for improved treatment algorithms to optimize Crohn's disease patient management.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aminosalicylic Acids', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Crohn Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polypharmacy', 'Quality of Life', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Sex Factors']
| 15,882,241
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595.100', 'D02.241.511.390.595.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.319.698'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Abeta-peptide length and apolipoprotein E genotype in Alzheimer's disease.
|
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon4 allele, a risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is associated with increased amyloid deposition. We examined cerebral cortex in 68 AD cases using antibodies to beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptides of different length (Abeta1-40 and Abeta1-42) and found that the increased plaque frequency observed with epsilon4 genotypes may be largely attributed to an increase in Abeta1-40-positive plaques. Indeed, both the number of Abeta1-40-positive plaques, as well as the ratio of Abeta1-40/Abeta1-42-positive plaques, increased with epsilon4 dosage. In contrast, the frequency of Abeta1-42-immunoreactive plaques was similar for epsilon3/epsilon3, epsilon3/epsilon4, and epsilon4/epsilon4 genotypes. ApoE may influence Abeta1 length by facilitating Abeta1-40 deposition onto Abeta1-42-seeded plaques or by modulating the activity of a putative carboxypeptidase that forms Abeta1-40 from Abeta1-42 in situ.
|
['Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Carboxypeptidases', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry']
| 8,602,762
|
[['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.245'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of endoscopic ultrasonography as an indicator for surgical treatment of gastric cancer.
|
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: Clinicopathological analysis of 346 patients with gastric cancer was made retrospectively and new criteria for the indication of a limited operation using endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was developed. Suggested new criteria for selecting gastric cancer patients for the limited operation were: (i) the cancer is located in the mucosa and the lymph nodes are not involved as indicated by EUS examination; (ii) the maximum size of the tumour is less than 2.0 cm; (iii) there are no multiple gastric cancers or simultaneous abdominal cancers; and (iv) the mucosal cancer of elevated type less than 2.0 cm is excluded because there are good indications for endoscopic mucosal resection.RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: We applied these new criteria to 262 patients and found that the patients who had limited operation had the same prognosis and a better quality of life compared with patients who had the conventional operation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal', 'Endosonography', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate']
| 10,385,062
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.372.250.250', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250', 'E04.210.240.250', 'E04.502.250.250.250'], ['E01.370.350.850.280'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Utility of detailed preoperative cardiac testing and incidence of post-thoracotomy myocardial infarction.
|
OBJECTIVE: Recent literature has questioned the efficacy of routine detailed preoperative cardiac ischemia testing and preoperative cardiac intervention before noncardiac surgical procedures.METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients undergoing thoracotomy (n = 294) between January of 1999 and January of 2005.RESULTS: The median age was 62 years. Detailed preoperative cardiac testing was performed on 184 patients (63%) and went beyond a thorough history, physical examination, and electrocardiogram to include at least one of the following: dobutamine stress echo (n = 116), nuclear stress test (n = 66), treadmill test (n = 8), and coronary angiogram (n = 40). Evidence for coronary disease was detected in 43% of tests (99/230) performed. Revascularization was performed in 10% of all patients (4/40) who underwent coronary angiography. Postoperative myocardial infarction occurred in 7 patients (2.4%) with 4 myocardial infarction-related mortalities. No significant difference was found in the incidence of myocardial infarction in patients with (n = 184) or without (n = 110) detailed preoperative cardiac testing (3.3% vs 0.9%, P = .29). Of the 4 patients (1.4%) who underwent revascularization to treat coronary lesions identified during prethoracotomy workup, 2 had a myocardial infarction, 1 of which was caused by thrombosis of a coronary stent. In the subset of patients who underwent lobectomy (n = 149), detailed cardiac testing was performed on 107 patients (72%). The incidence of myocardial infarction was similar in tested and untested patients (2.8% vs 2.4% respectively, P = 1.0).CONCLUSION: Selective use of detailed preoperative cardiac testing refines risk stratification and identifies patients for corrective cardiac interventions; however, it did not prove fully protective against myocardial infarction after thoracotomy in our study.
|
['Adult', 'Age Distribution', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cohort Studies', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Echocardiography, Stress', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Function Tests', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Myocardial Ischemia', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Preoperative Care', 'Probability', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Sex Distribution', 'Survival Analysis', 'Thoracotomy']
| 18,329,488
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240.050', 'N01.224.033', 'N06.850.505.400.050'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.228', 'E01.370.350.850.220.228', 'E01.370.370.380.220.228'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.370.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['C14.280.647', 'C14.907.585'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E04.928.760']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hyperfractionated high-dose proton beam radiotherapy for clival chordomas after surgical removal.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the hyperfractionated high-dose proton beam therapy (PBT) for patients with clival chordomas.METHODS: Records for 19 patients with pathologically verified clival chordomas treated with surgery followed by hyperfractionated PBT were retrospectively reviewed. The first 9 consecutive patients were treated with 77.44 cobalt gray equivalents (CGEs) in 64 fractions, and the latter 10 patients were treated with 78.4 CGE in 56 fractions.RESULTS: The median follow-up period of all 19 cases was 61.7 months with a range from 31.5 to 115.4 months. At 5 years, the local control, cause-specific and overall survival rates for all 19 cases were 75%, 94% and 83.2%, respectively. Whereas the 5-year local control, cause-specific and over all survival rates of the latter 10 cases were 100%, 100% and 88.9%, respectively, with a median follow-up period of 59.5 months. One of the first nine patients demonstrated bilateral temporal lobe radiation necrosis, who were successfully treated conservatively. In the latter cohort, two cases showed transient neurological symptoms probably due to brain stem ischaemia, but both cases recovered completely with conservative treatment.CONCLUSION: The hyperfractionated high-dose scheme combined with maximum surgical removal was shown to be efficient for patients with clival chordomas.ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: High-dose proton beam radiotherapy using a hyperfractionation scheme yielded a more favourable outcome than previous reports.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Chordoma', 'Dose Fractionation, Radiation', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Proton Therapy', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Young Adult']
| 27,097,665
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['C04.557.465.220'], ['E02.815.639.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.815.250.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Analysis of the obstetrical situation in swine from the clinical point of view].
|
In a study including 477 parturitions in sows the obstetrical situation of this species is analyzed from the clinical point of view. Obstetrical interventions before consulting the veterinary clinics led to partly severe lesions of soft tissues of the genital tract in 35.5% of all primiparous and in 12.6% of all pluriparous sows. So 3.1% of all obstetrical patients had to be slaughtered due to the enormous perforating lesions in vestibular-vaginal-cervical parts of the genital tract. In 71 cases parturition could not be completed because of stress, insufficiency of the cardiovascular system or economic reasons. In general, 76% of parturitions came to an end conservatively and 24% by caesarean section. In older sows the relation was 88% vs. 13%. During the recent years the loosing-rate by completed parturition could be reduced to 3.4% after conservative obstetrical intervention and to 20.6% after caesarean section in preinjured sows by compensation of the respiratory and metabolic acidosis, stabilizing of the cardiovascular system and the supply of warmth. Possibilities to diminish total losses are discusses, concerning the large number of animals with injuries due to inappropriate conservative obstetrics as well as the intensification of intra- and postoperative supportive therapy.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Body Temperature', 'Cesarean Section', 'Creatine Kinase', 'Dystocia', 'Female', 'Genitalia, Female', 'Maternal Age', 'Obstetric Labor Complications', 'Parity', 'Pregnancy', 'Swine', 'Swine Diseases', 'Wounds and Injuries']
| 8,346,523
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['E01.370.600.875.374', 'G07.110'], ['E04.520.252.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150'], ['C13.703.420.288'], ['A05.360.319'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['C13.703.420'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['C22.905'], ['C26']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Dissection of genomewide-scan data in extended families reveals a major locus and oligogenic susceptibility for age-related macular degeneration.
|
To examine the genetic basis of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), a degenerative disease of the retinal pigment epithelium and neurosensory retina, we conducted a genomewide scan in 34 extended families (297 individuals, 349 sib pairs) ascertained through index cases with neovascular disease or geographic atrophy. Family and medical history was obtained from index cases and family members. Fundus photographs were taken of all participating family members, and these were graded for severity by use of a quantitative scale. Model-free linkage analysis was performed, and tests of heterogeneity and epistasis were conducted. We have evidence of a major locus on chromosome 15q (GATA50C03 multipoint P=1.98x10-7; empirical P< or =1.0x10-5; single-point P=3.6x10-7). This locus was present as a weak linkage signal in our previous genome scan for ARMD, in the Beaver Dam Eye Study sample (D15S659, multipoint P=.047), but is otherwise novel. In this genome scan, we observed a total of 13 regions on 11 chromosomes (1q31, 2p21, 4p16, 5q34, 9p24, 9q31, 10q26, 12q13, 12q23, 15q21, 16p12, 18p11, and 20q13), with a nominal multipoint significance level of P< or =.01 or LOD > or =1.18. Family-by-family analysis of the data, performed using model-free linkage methods, suggests that there is evidence of heterogeneity in these families. For example, a single family (family 460) individually shows linkage evidence at 8 loci, at the level of P<.0001. We conducted tests for heterogeneity, which suggest that ARMD susceptibility loci on chromosomes 9p24, 10q26, and 15q21 are not present in all families. We tested for mutations in linked families and examined SNPs in two candidate genes, hemicentin-1 and EFEMP1, in subsamples (145 and 189 sib pairs, respectively) of the data. Mutations were not observed in any of the 11 exons of EFEMP1 nor in exon 104 of hemicentin-1. The SNP analysis for hemicentin-1 on 1q31 suggests that variants within or in very close proximity to this gene cause ARMD pathogenesis. In summary, we have evidence for a major ARMD locus on 15q21, which, coupled with numerous other loci segregating in these families, suggests complex oligogenic patterns of inheritance for ARMD.
|
['Aged', 'Aging', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Female', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Lod Score', 'Macular Degeneration', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenotype', 'Siblings']
| 14,691,731
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['E05.393.183'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.348.750'], ['C11.768.585.439'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.695'], ['F01.829.263.500.490', 'I01.880.853.150.500.505', 'M01.781']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Alcohol intake and risk of acute coronary syndrome and mortality in men and women with and without hypertension.
|
Although a light to moderate alcohol intake is associated with a lower risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), alcohol is also associated with risk of hypertension, which in turn is a strong risk factor of ACS. We examined whether middle-aged men and women with hypertension also benefit from a light to moderate alcohol intake in relation to risk of ACS and overall mortality. We used data from 57,053 men and women, aged 50-64, who participated in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health study. Information on alcohol intake (amount and frequency) was reported by the participants. Hypertension status was assessed at baseline by combining blood pressure measurements and self-reports. During follow-up, 860 and 271 ACS events occurred among men and women. Irrespective of alcohol intake, participants with hypertension had a higher risk than participants with normal blood pressure. Alcohol intake was associated with a lower risk of ACS among participants both with and without hypertension and there was no evidence of interaction between alcohol intake and hypertension. Those who drank moderately had a lower mortality than abstainers and those who drank heavily; and for all levels of alcohol intake, participants with hypertension had a higher risk than participants with normal blood pressure. Results were similar for men and women. These findings indicate that a light to moderate alcohol intake has similar effects on the risk of ACS in men and women with and without hypertension.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Blood Pressure Determination', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 21,424,217
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E01.370.370.140', 'E01.370.600.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Visual aftereffects for walking actions reveal underlying neural mechanisms for action recognition.
|
The results of this study illustrate a new high-level visual aftereffect: Observing actors walking forward, without horizontal translation, makes subsequent actors appear to walk backward, and the opposite effect is obtained after observing backward walking. We used this aftereffect, which cannot be explained by simple low-level adaptation to motion direction, to investigate the properties of neural mechanisms underlying recognition of walking actions. Our results suggest that the perception of walking and the perception of static images of actors in walking postures rely on common brain mechanisms that are primarily object centered, rather than viewer centered, and that are blind to the identity of the actor. These results, obtained with human psychophysical adaptation techniques, support previous evidence accumulated using single-unit recording in nonhuman primates. In addition, these results provide evidence that current models of human action recognition require an object-centered processing stage.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Figural Aftereffect', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motion Perception', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Psychophysics', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Social Perception', 'Students', 'Walking', 'Young Adult']
| 21,164,175
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F02.463.593.932.401', 'G14.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E01.370.685', 'F04.096.753'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['M01.848'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Results of radiotherapy with cobalt 60 beads compared to surgery in 725 uterine neoplasms].
|
From 1958 to 1970, in 435 cases (60%) out of 725 carcinomas of the uterus sole radiation therapy by cobalt-60 beads was performed; in 288 cases (39.7%) surgery was done (combined with tele-cobalt-irradiation in almost all cases, 5000 to 6000 rd TD). Two cases (0.3%) received no treatment. The unfavorable selection of the irradiated women (average age 64,6 years) as against the surgically treated ones (average age 50.9 years) did allow a complete intracavitary irradiation only in 60.6% of the cases; in 39.4%, the dose had to be reduced considerably. The five-year survival amounted to: 64.4% after sole irradiation, 93.2% after operation/postirradiation in stage I; 46.9% after sole irradiation, 75.0% after operation/postirradiation in stage II; 30.8% after sole irradiation in stage III. No survivors existed in stage IV. Mortality from treatment with sole irradiation amounted to 1.8% (8/435). Radiation fistulas were observed after sole irradiation in 0.4% (1/435), after operation/postirradiation in 0.7% (2/288). As long as there is no satisfactory afterloading technique for intracavitary irradiation of the carcinoma of the uterus, an application of cobalt-60 beads seems to offer the following advantages as compared to an implant of radium filters: Shorter duration of the application, better adaptability to the cavitary lumen, diminished risk of perforation. No perforation was observed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cobalt Radioisotopes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Uterine Neoplasms', 'Vesicovaginal Fistula']
| 1,209,670
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.268.556.185.500.354', 'D01.268.956.155.500.354', 'D01.496.239.354', 'D01.496.749.256', 'D01.552.544.185.500.354'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875'], ['C13.351.500.894.767.500', 'C13.351.875.881.312.733', 'C13.351.968.829.548.733', 'C23.300.575.825.250.775', 'C23.300.575.925.816']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preventing postoperative haematomas in microvascular reconstruction of the head and neck: lessons learnt from 126 consecutive cases.
|
BACKGROUND: Free tissue transfer has become a safe and reliable means for repairing soft tissue and bony defects of the head and neck. Although operative success has reached 98%, the incidence of significant postoperative complications is also relatively high (32%). One common and significant complication is haematoma formation, occurring at both donor and recipient sites, and yet there are minimal published studies on its incidence, aetiology or outcome. A retrospective analysis of both donor- and recipient-site wound haematoma was carried out to identify causative factors and the effect on patient outcome.METHODS: A 5-year review of 132 consecutive microvascular free tissue transfers to head and neck defects at The Royal Melbourne Hospital, for the period February 2001 to February 2006, was conducted.RESULTS: Of 126 included cases, 27 postoperative haematomas resulted. Statistically significant associations were found for each of smoking, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and the use of corticosteroids preoperatively with the incidence of postoperative haematoma formation. Postoperative blood pressure control and the adequacy of primary tumour excision at the flap recipient site were also found to have significant associations with haematoma formation. Drain tube outputs served as accurate indicators for haematoma.CONCLUSION: There are significant reversible factors that contribute to the development of postoperative haematomas in head and neck reconstructive surgery. Preoperative modifications should, therefore, be sought. Similarly, close monitoring of patient blood pressure during the initial 24 h postoperative period by theatre and recovery staff is important, as is the adequacy of postoperative analgesia.
|
['Female', 'Head', 'Hematoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microsurgery', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck', 'Reconstructive Surgical Procedures', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,380,738
|
[['A01.456'], ['C23.550.414.838'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.494', 'E05.591.580'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.598'], ['E04.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Associations between alcohol consumption and sleep-disordered breathing among Japanese women.
|
BACKGROUND: The associations between alcohol consumption and sleep-disordered breathing in women are uncertain.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 3113 women aged 30-69 years. The 3% oxygen desaturation index (3% ODI), based on overnight pulse oximetry findings, was selected as an indicator of sleep-disordered breathing.RESULTS: 3% ODI frequencies of ?5 were higher for drinking women with ethanol intakes of ?23.0 g/d than for never drinkers: the respective multivariable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals was 1.8(1.0-3.4). The corresponding odds ratio was 3.0(1.6-5.8) for habitual snoring. The associations of ethanol intakes of ?23.0 g/d with 3% ODI ? 5 was more evident among women with BMI <23.0 kg/m(2) (median) than those with higher BMI but did not vary by habitual snoring. The multivariable odds ratios of 3%ODI ? 5 for women with ethanol intakes of ?23.0 g/d versus never drinkers were 2.7(1.0-6.7) for lower BMI and 1.5(0.6-3.3) for higher BMI and the corresponding odds ratio were 2.8(1.6-7.2) and 3.2(1.3-7.9) for habitual snoring, respectively.CONCLUSION: Alcohol consumption was associated with higher prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among Japanese women.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Odds Ratio', 'Oximetry', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes']
| 21,277,183
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600', 'E01.370.370.380.600', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A de novo unbalanced translocation leading to partial monosomy 9p23-pter and partial trisomy 15q25.3-qter associated with 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis, tall stature and mental retardation.
|
Syndromic forms of disorders of sex development constitute a challenge for clinical and molecular investigations. We report on a 12-year-old girl presenting with lack of pubertal development, tall stature and moderate mental retardation. Conventional karyotyping at the age of 3 years revealed a male karyotype (46,XY). At the age of 12 years, the girl had no signs of puberty, and laboratory values were consistent with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism because of complete gonadal dysgenesis. Histology at the time of gonadectomy revealed fibrous tissue without testicular morphology. Cytogenetic reevaluation at that time showed additional material of unknown origin on the short arm of chromosome 9. Subsequent fluorescence in-situ hybridization and Array-CGH analyses revealed an unbalanced translocation between 9p and 15q resulting in a partial monosomy of 9p and a partial trisomy of 15q. The karyotype was described as 46,XY,der(9)t(9;15)(p23;q25.3). We discuss the clinical and molecular cytogenetic findings with respect to the literature.
|
['Body Height', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9', 'Female', 'Gonadal Dysgenesis', 'Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Karyotyping', 'Male', 'Translocation, Genetic']
| 20,671,549
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.370.385', 'G05.360.162.520.300.370.385'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.345', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.345'], ['C12.706.316.309', 'C13.351.875.253.309', 'C16.131.939.316.309', 'C19.391.119.309'], ['C12.706.316.096.687', 'C12.706.316.309.388', 'C13.351.875.253.096.687', 'C13.351.875.253.309.388', 'C16.131.939.316.096.687', 'C16.131.939.316.309.388', 'C19.391.119.096.687', 'C19.391.119.309.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['E01.370.225.500.385.315', 'E05.200.500.385.315', 'E05.242.385.315', 'E05.393.285.475'], ['C23.550.210.870', 'G05.365.590.175.870', 'G05.558.860']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The diagnosis of problems after meniscectomy.
|
The causes of persistent symptoms after meniscectomy have been assessed clinically, radiologically and arthroscopically in 174 knees. The commonest finding was early degenerative arthritis (chondromalacia) of the femoral condyle (40 per cent). Retained fragments of meniscus were less common than expected (13 per cent), and lesions of the other meniscus were rare (5 per cent). The clinical diagnosis was altered in 42 percent by arthroscopic examination. Arthroscopy was found to be a valuable technique in this group of patients with problems of diagnosis.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis', 'Endoscopy', 'Humans', 'Joint Diseases', 'Knee Injuries', 'Knee Joint', 'Ligaments, Articular', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiography', 'Tissue Adhesions']
| 1,158,945
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.550'], ['C26.558.554'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['A02.513.514', 'A02.835.583.512', 'A10.165.669.514'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C23.550.355.274.840']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of the catalytic function of activation-induced cytidine deaminase promotes apoptosis of germinal center B cells in BXD2 mice.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether functional suppression of the catalytic domain of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) can suppress the hyperreactive germinal center (GC) responses in BXD2 mice.METHODS: We generated transgenic BXD2 mice expressing a dominant-negative (DN) form of Aicda at the somatic hypermutation site (BXD2-Aicda-DN-transgenic mice). Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the expression of Aicda and DNA damage/repair genes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum levels of autoantibodies and immune complexes (ICs). Development of GCs and antibody-containing ICs as well as numbers of proliferative and apoptotic cells were determined using flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemical analyses. Development of arthritis and kidney disease was evaluated histologically in 6-8-month-old mice.RESULTS: Suppression of the somatic hypermutation function of AID resulted in a significant decrease in autoantibody production without affecting the expression of DNA damage-related genes in GC B cells of BXD2-Aicda-DN-transgenic mice. There was decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, increased expression of caspase 9 messenger RNA in GC B cells, and lower numbers of GCs in the spleens of BXD2-Aicda-DN-transgenic mice. Decreased GC response was associated with lower levels of IgG-containing ICs. Anti-IgM- and anti-CD40 plus anti-Ig-induced B cell proliferative responses were decreased in BXD2-Aicda-DN-transgenic mice.CONCLUSION: Inhibition of the AID somatic hypermutation function in BXD2 mice suppressed development of spontaneous GCs, generation of autoantibody-producing B cells, and autoimmunity in BXD2 mice. Suppression of AID catalytic function to limit selection-based survival of GC B cells could become a novel therapy for the treatment of autoimmune disease.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Autoantibodies', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Cytidine Deaminase', 'DNA Damage', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Germinal Center', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction']
| 21,305,519
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['D08.811.277.151.486.250'], ['G05.200'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['A10.549.400.500', 'A15.382.520.604.412.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E05.393.620.500.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The epigenetically regulated miR-494 associates with stem-cell phenotype and induces sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the second cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and is associated with poor prognosis, especially in patients not amenable for curative treatments. The multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib represents the first-line treatment option for advanced HCC; nevertheless, its effectiveness is limited due to tumor heterogeneity as well as innate or acquired drug resistance, raising the need for new therapeutic strategies. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) involvement in treatment response as well as their safety and efficacy in preclinical models and clinical trials have been widely documented in the oncologic field, including HCC. Here, we identified miR-494 upregulation in a subgroup of human and rat HCCs with stem cell-like characteristics, as well as multiple epigenetic mechanisms involved in its aberrant expression in HCC cell lines and patients. Moreover, we identified p27, puma and pten among miR-494 targets, contributing to speed up cell cycle progression, enhance survival potential in stressful conditions and increase invasive and clonogenic capabilities. MiR-494 overexpression increased sorafenib resistance via mTOR pathway activation in HCC cell lines and, in line, high miR-494 levels associated with decreased sorafenib response in two HCC animal models. A sorafenib-combined anti-miR-494-based strategy revealed an enhanced anti-tumor potential with respect to sorafenib-only treatment in our HCC rat model. In conclusion, our findings suggested miR-494 as a possible therapeutic target as well as a candidate biomarker for patient stratification in advanced HCC.
|
['AC133 Antigen', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'MicroRNAs', 'PTEN Phosphohydrolase', 'Phenotype', 'Rats', 'Sorafenib', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases']
| 29,305,580
|
[['D12.776.395.550.007', 'D12.776.543.550.023'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.144.109'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['D08.811.913.555.500.350.100.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['G05.308.203'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.850', 'D12.776.476.590', 'D12.776.624.776.695'], ['G05.695'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D02.065.950.681.757', 'D02.455.426.559.389.703.757', 'D03.066.515.530.750', 'D03.383.725.547.530.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Parameter estimation with a novel gradient-based optimization method for biological lattice-gas cellular automaton models.
|
Lattice-gas cellular automata (LGCAs) can serve as stochastic mathematical models for collective behavior (e.g. pattern formation) emerging in populations of interacting cells. In this paper, a two-phase optimization algorithm for global parameter estimation in LGCA models is presented. In the first phase, local minima are identified through gradient-based optimization. Algorithmic differentiation is adopted to calculate the necessary gradient information. In the second phase, for global optimization of the parameter set, a multi-level single-linkage method is used. As an example, the parameter estimation algorithm is applied to a LGCA model for early in vitro angiogenic pattern formation.
|
['Algorithms', 'Cells', 'Computer Simulation', 'Models, Biological', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic']
| 20,886,214
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A11'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G09.330.630']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hyperbaric medicine: state of the art, 1979.
|
An attempt has been made to determine the clinical usage of hyperbaric oxygen therapy at 83 North American hyperbaric treatment centers from 1971 to 1978. Questions were asked about the conditions or diseases treated, yearly case load for each condition, location of functional hyperbaric chambers, types of chambers used, operating costs, and personnel requirements. Commercial diving chambers that treat decompression sickness and air embolism from diving accidents were included in the last two years of the survey. Fifty-seven responses were received; 30 treatment centers had multiple chambers, 24 had monoplace chambers, and three had both types of chambers. A total of 10,942 patients were treated during the eight-year survey period; 8,408 patients (76%) had category I or II conditions, as defined by the Undersea Medical Society. Of the 20 most commonly treated conditions, 17 were in category I or II. During the survey period, the use of hyperbaric oxygen increased, particularly in the treatment of decompression sickness, carbon monoxide poisoning, and osteomyelitis and osteoradionecrosis.
|
['Brain Ischemia', 'Burns', 'Carbon Monoxide Poisoning', 'Craniocerebral Trauma', 'Decompression Sickness', 'Embolism, Air', 'Gas Gangrene', 'Humans', 'Hyperbaric Oxygenation', 'Osteomyelitis', 'Osteoradionecrosis']
| 7,125,385
|
[['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['C26.200'], ['C25.723.455.245'], ['C10.900.300', 'C26.915.300'], ['C26.120.248'], ['C14.907.355.350.254'], ['C01.150.252.410.222.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.880.690.490'], ['C01.160.495', 'C05.116.165.495'], ['C26.733.579', 'G01.750.748.500.579']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mel-18 negatively regulates stem cell-like properties through downregulation of miR-21 in gastric cancer.
|
Mel-18, a polycomb group protein, has been reported to act as a tumor suppressor and be down-regulated in several human cancers including gastric cancer. It was also found that Mel-18 negatively regulates self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells and breast cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study aimed to clarify its role in gastric CSCs and explore the mechanisms. We found that low-expression of Mel-18 was correlated with poor prognosis and negatively correlated with overexpression of stem cell markers Oct4, Sox2, and Gli1 in 101 gastric cancer tissues. Mel-18 was down-regulated in cultured spheroid cells, which possess CSCs, and overexpression of Mel-18 inhibits cells sphere-forming ability and tumor growth in vivo. Besides, Mel-18 was lower-expressed in ovary metastatic lesions compared with that in primary lesions of gastric cancer, and Mel-18 overexpression inhibited the migration ability of gastric cancer cells. Interestingly, overexpression of Mel-18 resulted in down-regulation of miR-21 in gastric cancer cells and the expression of Mel-18 was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-21 in gastric cancer tissues. Furthermore, miR-21 overexpression partially restored sphere-forming ability, migration potential and chemo-resistance in Mel-18 overexpressing gastric cancer cells. These results suggests Mel-18 negatively regulates stem cell-like properties through downregulation of miR-21 in gastric cancer cells.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, SCID', 'MicroRNAs', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Polycomb Repressive Complex 1', 'Prognosis', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays']
| 27,542,229
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D23.101.140'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.780'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['A11.872.650'], ['D05.500.781.100', 'D08.811.464.938.750.280', 'D12.776.660.235.600.100', 'D12.776.664.235.800.100', 'D12.776.930.780.890.100'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['A11.251.860'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Counselling in primary care: a randomised controlled trial.
|
A randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of counselling (In-House Counselled (IHC) group) compared to routine advice from General Practitioners (Routine Treatment (RT) group) was conducted with three practices and a total of 188 patients in East Sussex. Changes in interpersonal problems using the 32 item Inventory of Interpersonal Problems, symptoms of psychological distress using the Symptom Index and self esteem using Repertory Grids were compared between groups at four months and after a further four month follow-up. A questionnaire monitoring patient service satisfaction was given to those who had received In-House counselling. The number of counselling sessions, early withdrawals and refusers was also monitored. In order to facilitate interprofessional communication, the three counsellors and a GP representative from each practice met monthly for an Action Learning group, led by an external facilitator to provide a forum to discuss working practices. The group met six times for two and a half hours. An audit of the participants' medical notes was carried out at the end of the study to establish any changes in subsequent use of medical services and prescribing patterns. The results show that patients within both groups improved considerably, in line with similar studies. The IHC group was significantly less likely to be referred out to mental health services. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups on any of the measures or in changes in subsequent service use or prescribing patterns. This may have been a result of Action Learning Group producing more psychologically minded GPs. Patients in the IHC group were overwhelmingly in favour of counselling and stated that it had helped them with a variety of psychological problems.
|
['Counseling', 'Family Practice', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Psychological Tests', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,423,503
|
[['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['F04.711'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Periodontitis is associated with an increased risk for proximal colorectal neoplasms.
|
Interval colorectal cancers detected after colonoscopy are known to be highly associated with proximal colorectal neoplasms (CRNs). This cross-sectional study investigated whether periodontitis could be a risk factor for proximal CRNs in healthy individuals. A total of 2504 subjects who received a colonoscopy and dental exam were enrolled in this study. We divided the subjects into the periodontitis group (n = 216) and the control group (n = 2288). The periodontitis group was defined as subjects who had one or more teeth with a probing pocket depth (PPD) ?4 mm. The prevalence of proximal CRNs was significantly higher in the periodontitis group (25.0%) than in the control group (12.3%) (P < 0.001). Independent risk factors for proximal CRNs in the multivariate analysis were periodontitis, smoking, age, waist circumference, and triglycerides, and those for proximal advanced CRNs were periodontitis, age, and family history of CRC. However, periodontitis was not a risk factor for overall CRNs and advanced CRNs. Periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of proximal CRNs (odds ratio [OR], 1.525; 95% confidence intervals [95% CI], 1.071-2.172) and proximal advanced CRNs (OR, 2.671; 95% CI, 1.088-6.560). Periodontitis might be associated with proximal CRNs and proximal advanced CRNs.
|
['Adult', 'Colorectal Neoplasms', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Odds Ratio', 'Oral Health', 'Periodontitis', 'Prevalence', 'Republic of Korea', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 31,101,852
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307', 'C06.301.371.411.307', 'C06.405.249.411.307', 'C06.405.469.158.356', 'C06.405.469.491.307', 'C06.405.469.860.180'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['E05.318.740.600.600', 'G17.680.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.590', 'N06.850.520.830.600.600'], ['N01.400.535'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Evidence for globally shared, cross-reacting polymorphic epitopes in the pregnancy-associated malaria vaccine candidate VAR2CSA.
|
Pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM) is characterized by the placental sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) with the ability to bind to chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). VAR2CSA is a leading candidate for a pregnancy malaria vaccine, but its large size ( approximately 350 kDa) and extensive polymorphism may pose a challenge to vaccine development. In this study, rabbits were immunized with individual VAR2CSA Duffy binding-like (DBL) domains expressed in Pichia pastoris or var2csa plasmid DNA and sera were screened on different CSA-binding parasite lines. Rabbit antibodies to three recombinant proteins (DBL1, DBL3, and DBL6) and four plasmid DNAs (DBL1, DBL3, DBL5, and DBL6) reacted with homologous FCR3-CSA IEs. By comparison, antibodies to the DBL4 domain were unable to react with native VAR2CSA protein unless it was first partially proteolyzed with trypsin or chymotrypsin. To investigate the antigenic relationship of geographically diverse CSA-binding isolates, rabbit immune sera were screened on four heterologous CSA-binding lines from different continental origins. Antibodies did not target conserved epitopes exposed in all VAR2CSA alleles; however, antisera to several DBL domains cross-reacted on parasite isolates that had polymorphic loops in common with the homologous immunogen. This study demonstrates that VAR2CSA contains common polymorphic epitopes that are shared between geographically diverse CSA-binding lines.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Protozoan', 'Antigens, Protozoan', 'Cell Line', 'Cross Reactions', 'Epitopes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Malaria Vaccines', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Pregnancy', 'Rabbits', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 18,250,177
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.252', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.252', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.252'], ['D23.050.293'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G12.122.281'], ['D23.050.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.215.894.582.500'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparison of neutralizing antibody and cell-mediated immune responses to pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus before and after H1N1 2009 influenza vaccination of elderly subjects and healthcare workers.
|
BACKGROUND: The recent H1N1 pandemic virus that emerged in 2009 resulted in high morbidity rates mainly in younger individuals, albeit with relatively low mortality. We investigated both humoral and cellular immune responses against the pandemic H1N1 2009 virus before and after immunization with inactivated H1N1 2009 vaccine.METHODS: We obtained paired blood specimens from a cohort of participants from nursing homes (n=108) and a public hospital (n=60) in Singapore. Serum samples were tested for neutralizing antibodies against H1N1 2009 using microneutralization assays, while peripheral blood mononuclear cells were subjected to interferon-ã enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot (ELISPOT) assays for whole virus-specific T-cell responses.RESULTS: We observed significant increases in geometric mean titers of neutralizing antibodies after H1N1 2009 vaccination (from 23.6 pre-vaccination to 94.7 post-vaccination). Approximately 77% and 54% of the cohort exhibited ?2-fold and ?4-fold increases in neutralizing antibody titers following vaccination; 89.9% of the cohort had a post-vaccination antibody titer of ?32. Adjusted for gender, participants aged ?60 years were less likely to have a ?4-fold increase in antibody titers after vaccination than those aged <60 years (0.48; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.32-0.71, p=0.007). There was a 1.4-fold elevation in H1N1 2009-specific T-cell responses after vaccination (p<0.05). Adjusted for gender, age ?60 years was positively associated with a greater increase in T-cell response (â=4.9, 95% CI 1.58-8.29, p=0.018). No significant correlation was observed between humoral and cellular immune responses.CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccination elicits significant neutralizing antibody and T-cell responses to pandemic H1N1 2009 influenza virus. However, in response to vaccination, increases in neutralizing antibody titers were comparatively lower but T-cell responses were higher in older participants. Therefore, our study suggests that memory T-cells may play a crucial role in protecting older individuals against pandemic H1N1 2009 infection.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antibodies, Neutralizing', 'Antibodies, Viral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Influenza, Human', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pandemics', 'Sex Factors', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Young Adult']
| 22,704,721
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.244', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.244', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.244'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['B04.820.480.968.405.400.214'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.748.310', 'C01.925.782.620.365', 'C08.730.310'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N06.850.290.200.600'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Biochemical and antiarrhythmic effects of three calcium channel antagonists in ischemic canine hearts.
|
The cardioprotective and antiarrhythmic effects of diltiazem, nilvadipine, and verapamil were evaluated in 33 dogs. The left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded for two hours, 25 minutes after saline administration (controls); ten minutes after diltiazem (0.25 mg/kg); 15 minutes after nilvadipine (1 micrograms/kg/min); or ten minutes after verapamil (0.4 mg/kg). Changes in blood pressure and heart rate were monitored throughout the experiment. Two hours after LAD occlusion, mitochondria were prepared from ischemic and nonischemic areas and their function was measured polarographically. Fractionation of myocardial tissue from the ischemic and nonischemic areas was performed and activities of lysosomal enzymes were measured. LAD occlusion induced mitochondrial dysfunction and leakage of lysosomal enzymes in the ischemic area. Administration of the calcium antagonists preserved mitochondrial function and prevented leakage of lysosomal enzymes. All three calcium antagonists reduced the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias during ischemia. The results indicate that calcium may play an important role in the development of biochemical and electrical disturbances during ischemia.
|
['Acetylglucosaminidase', 'Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Blood Pressure', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Coronary Disease', 'Diltiazem', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Glucuronidase', 'Lysosomes', 'Male', 'Mitochondria, Heart', 'Myocardium', 'Nifedipine', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Verapamil']
| 2,776,164
|
[['D08.811.277.450.483.180.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['C14.280.647.250', 'C14.907.585.250'], ['D03.633.100.079.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D08.811.277.450.426'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.550'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.627.603', 'A11.284.835.626.627.603'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D03.383.725.203.540'], ['G03.680'], ['D02.092.471.683.953']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation of retro-transcribed RNA from in vitro Mycosphaerella fijiensis-infected banana leaves.
|
High polyphenol and polysaccharide levels in plant tissues such as banana fruit and leaves constitute a significant challenge to the extraction of sufficient amounts of high-quality RNA required for cDNA library synthesis and molecular analysis. To determine their comparative effectiveness at eliminating polyphenols, polysaccharides and proteins, three protocols for RNA extraction from in vitro banana plantlet leaves were tested: Concert(TM) Plant RNA isolation kit, a small-scale protocol based on Valderrama-Ch?irez, and a modified version of the Valderrama-Ch?irez protocol. RNA quantity and purity were evaluated by UV-spectrophotometry using DEPC-treated water and Tris-HCl, pH 7.5. Purity was greater using Tris-HCl. The Concert(TM) Plant protocol produced the poorest quality RNA. Reverse transcription into cDNAs from RNA isolated from in vitro banana plantlet leaves infected with Mycosphaerella fijiensis using the modified Valderrama-Ch?irez protocol, followed by PCR using primers designed against gamma-actin from banana and M. fijiensis, yielded products of the anticipated size. In addition, this protocol reduced the processing time, lowered costs, used less expensive equipment, and could be used for other plants that have the same problems with high polyphenol and polysaccharide levels.
|
['Ascomycota', 'Flavonoids', 'Musa', 'Phenols', 'Plant Leaves', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polyphenols', 'Polysaccharides', 'RNA, Plant']
| 20,677,135
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.937.555.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['A18.024.812'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.715', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.260.777'], ['D09.698'], ['D13.444.735.635']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differentiation by imaging of superior segmental optic hypoplasia and normal-tension glaucoma with inferior visual field defects only.
|
PURPOSE: To differentiate superior segmental optic hypoplasia (SSOH) from normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) with inferior visual field defects only.METHODS: Eighteen eyes with SSOH (SSOH group) and 19 eyes with NTG (NTG group) were examined by optical coherence tomography (OCT), Heidelberg retina tomography (Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph II, HRT II) and standard automated perimetry.RESULTS: Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) based on OCT measurements was significantly reduced (thinner) in the superior to superonasal sectors and significantly greater (thicker) in the inferotemporal sector in the SSOH group than in the NTG group. The cup was significantly smaller and the rim significantly larger in the superotemporal and temporal sectors in the SSOH group than in the NTG group based on HRT II measurements. The greatest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for discrimination of SSOH from NTG by OCT and HRT II was for the RNFLT ratio of 1 + 2 o'clock/10 + 11 o'clock (0.985) and for the ratio of the superonasal to superotemporal sector of rim to disc area ratio and cup to disc area ratio (0.955), respectively. The frequent location of the inferior visual field defects corresponded to the difference in structural changes in both groups.CONCLUSIONS: Comparison of the superonasal to superotemporal sectors by OCT and HRT II were useful in differentiating SSOH from NTG with only inferior visual field defects.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Low Tension Glaucoma', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Optic Disk', 'Optic Nerve Diseases', 'ROC Curve', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Scotoma', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Visual Field Tests', 'Visual Fields']
| 23,093,312
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['C11.525.381.703', 'C11.640.225'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['C10.292.700', 'C11.640'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C10.597.751.941.811', 'C11.966.811', 'C23.888.592.763.941.811'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['E01.370.380.850.962'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The Power of Interstimulus Interval for the Assessment of Temporal Processing in Rodents.
|
Temporal processing deficits have been implicated as a potential elemental dimension of higher-level cognitive processes, commonly observed in neurocognitive disorders. Despite the popularization of prepulse inhibition (PPI) in recent years, many current protocols promote using a percent of control measure, thereby precluding the assessment of temporal processing. The present study used cross-modal PPI and gap prepulse inhibition (gap-PPI) to demonstrate the benefits of employing a range of interstimulus intervals (ISIs) to delineate effects of sensory modality, psychostimulant exposure, and age. Assessment of sensory modality, psychostimulant exposure, and age reveals the utility of an approach varying the interstimulus interval (ISI) to establish the shape of the ISI function, including increases (sharper curve inflections) or decreases (flattening of the response amplitude curve) in startle amplitude. Additionally, shifts in peak response inhibition, suggestive of a differential sensitivity to the manipulation of ISI, are often revealed. Thus, the systematic manipulation of ISI affords a critical opportunity to evaluate temporal processing, which may reveal the underlying neural mechanisms involved in neurocognitive disorders.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Age Factors', 'Animals', 'Female', 'Male', 'Mental Processes', 'Prepulse Inhibition', 'Rats']
| 31,058,895
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463'], ['G11.561.794.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The colour of the optic disc variation with location of illumination.
|
The variation of the colour of the optic disc was examined with a slit lamp and contact lens in 200 normal subjects simply by moving the image of the slit across the optic disc. This event was photographed in 15 subjects and colour densitometry was performed. The temporal part of the pale central excavation changes colour to red, when illuminated nasally and vice versa. The colour change could not be provoked in subjects with normal discs with flattening of the temporal disc sector. The whole neurorim reddens the whole way round when the slit hits the optic disc border, and dependent on fundus pigmentation slight redness was produced even when the slit was placed outside the disc in the neighbourhood of the border.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Color', 'Colorimetry', 'Humans', 'Lighting', 'Middle Aged', 'Optic Disk', 'Photography']
| 7,331,771
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N06.230.150.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['E01.370.350.600', 'E05.712']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Saponin-rich fraction from Agave sisalana
|
Astrocytic tumour cells derived from human (GL-15) and rat (C6) gliomas, as well as non-tumoural astrocytic cells, were exposed to the saponin-rich fraction (SF) from Agave sisalana waste and the cytotoxic effects were evaluated. Cytotoxicity assays revealed a reduction of cell viability that was more intensive in glioma than in non-tumoural cells. The SF induced morphological changes in C6 cells. They were characterised by cytoplasmic vacuole formation associated with increase in the formation of acidic lysosomes. The SF was subjected to purification on Sephadex LH-20, which characterised three probable steroidal saponins (sisalins) by electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry multistage (ESI-MSn). Sisalins from sisal may be responsible for the cytotoxicity, which involves cytoplasmatic vacuole formation and selective action for glioma cells.
|
['Agave', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Astrocytes', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Cytoplasm', 'Glioma', 'Humans', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rats', 'Saponins', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Vacuoles', 'Vero Cells']
| 29,390,916
|
[['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.060.032'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380', 'C04.557.470.670.380', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D09.408.782'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.190.920'], ['A11.251.210.955', 'A11.436.955']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolism of acetaminophen (paracetamol) in plants--two independent pathways result in the formation of a glutathione and a glucose conjugate.
|
BACKGROUND, AIM, AND SCOPE: Pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are detected in the aquatic environment and our drinking water supplies. The need for high quality drinking water is one of the most challenging problems of our times, but still only little knowledge exists on the impact of these compounds on ecosystems, animals, and man. Biological waste water treatment in constructed wetlands is an effective and low-cost alternative, especially for the treatment of non-industrial, municipal waste water. In this situation, plants get in contact with pharmaceutical compounds and have to tackle their detoxification. The mechanisms for the detoxification of xenobiotics in plants are closely related to the mammalian system. An activation reaction (phase I) is followed by a conjugation (phase II) with hydrophilic molecules like glutathione or glucose. Phase III reactions can be summarized as storage, degradation, and transport of the xenobiotic conjugate. Until now, there is no information available on the fate of pharmaceuticals in plants. In this study, we want to investigate the fate and metabolism of N-acetyl-4-aminophenol (paracetamol) in plant tissues using the cell culture of Armoracia rusticana L. as a model system.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hairy root culture of A. rusticana was treated with acetaminophen in a liquid culture. The formation and identification of metabolites over time were analyzed using HPLC-DAD and LC-MSn techniques.RESULTS: With LC-MS technique, we were able to detect paracetamol and identify three of its metabolites in root cells of A. rusticana. Six hours after incubation with 1 mM of acetaminophen, the distribution of acetaminophen and related metabolites in the cells resulted in 18% paracetamol, 64% paracetamol-glucoside, 17% paracetamol glutathione, and 1% of the corresponding cysteine conjugate.DISCUSSION: The formation of two independently formed metabolites in plant root cells again revealed strong similarities between plant and mammalian detoxification systems. The detoxification mechanism of glucuronization in mammals is mirrored by glucosidation of xenobiotics in plants. Furthermore, in both systems, a glutathione conjugate is formed. Due to the existence of P450 enzymes in plants, the formation of the highly reactive NAPQI intermediate is possible.CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we introduce the hairy root cell culture of A. rusticana L. as a suitable model system to study the fate of acetaminophen in plant tissues. Our first results point to the direction of plants being able to take up and detoxify the model substrate paracetamol. These first findings underline the great potential of using plants for waste water treatments in constructed wetlands.RECOMMENDATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES: This very first study on the detoxification of a widely used antipyretic agent in plant tissues again shows the flexibility of plant detoxification systems and their potential in waste water treatment facilities. This study covers only the very first steps of acetaminophen detoxification in plants; still, there is no data on long-term exposure as well as the possible impact of pharmaceuticals on the plant health and stress defense. Long-term experiments need to be performed to follow the fate of acetaminophen in root and leaf cells in a whole plant system, and to evaluate possible usage of plants for the remediation of acetaminophen from waste water.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Armoracia', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Glucose', 'Glutathione', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Structure', 'Plant Roots']
| 19,145,453
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.175'], ['A11.251'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D12.644.456.448'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['A18.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synergetic effects of nanoporous support and urea on enzyme activity.
|
We report synergetic effects of functionalized mesoporous silica (FMS) and urea to promote favorable protein conformational changes. The specific activity of glucose isomerase (GI) entrapped in FMS in the presence of urea was approximately double that of GI in solution in the absence of urea. Rather than losing all activity in a denaturing solution of 8.0 M urea, the specific activity of GI entrapped in FMS remained higher than the highest specific activity of GI free in solution.
|
['Adsorption', 'Aldose-Ketose Isomerases', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzymes, Immobilized', 'Materials Testing', 'Nanostructures', 'Particle Size', 'Porosity', 'Protein Binding', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Urea']
| 17,341,123
|
[['G01.030', 'G02.020'], ['D08.811.399.475.200'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.811.180', 'D12.776.463.500'], ['E05.570'], ['J01.637.512'], ['G02.712'], ['G01.374.710'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The paralogous MarR/DUF24-family repressors YodB and CatR control expression of the catechol dioxygenase CatE in Bacillus subtilis.
|
The redox-sensing MarR/DUF24-type repressor YodB controls expression of the azoreductase AzoR1 and the nitroreductase YodC that are involved in detoxification of quinones and diamide in Bacillus subtilis. In the present paper, we identified YodB and its paralog YvaP (CatR) as repressors of the yfiDE (catDE) operon encoding a catechol-2,3-dioxygenase that also contributes to quinone resistance. Inactivation of both CatR and YodB is required for full derepression of catDE transcription. DNA-binding assays and promoter mutagenesis studies showed that CatR protects two inverted repeats with the consensus sequence TTAC-N(5)-GTAA overlapping the -35 promoter region (BS1) and the transcriptional start site (TSS) (BS2). The BS1 operator was required for binding of YodB in vitro. CatR and YodB share the conserved N-terminal Cys residue, which is required for redox sensing of CatR in vivo as shown by Cys-to-Ser mutagenesis. Our data suggest that CatR is modified by intermolecular disulfide formation in response to diamide and quinones in vitro and in vivo. Redox regulation of CatR occurs independently of YodB, and no protein interaction was detected between CatR and YodB in vivo using protein cross-linking and mass spectrometry.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Blotting, Western', 'Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase', 'DNA Footprinting', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial', 'Immunoprecipitation', 'Protein Binding', 'Transcription Factors']
| 20,639,328
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.305'], ['E05.393.300'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['E05.196.401.500'], ['G05.308.300'], ['E05.196.150.639', 'E05.478.605'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cellular Antisense Activity of PNA-Oligo(bicycloguanidinium) Conjugates Forming Self-Assembled Nanoaggregates.
|
A series of peptide nucleic acid-oligo(bicycloguanidinium) (PNA-BGn ) conjugates were synthesized and characterized in terms of cellular antisense activity by using the pLuc750HeLa cell splice correction assay. PNA-BG4 conjugates exhibited low micromolar antisense activity, and their cellular activity required the presence of a hydrophobic silyl terminal protecting group on the oligo(BG) ligand and a minimum of four guanidinium units. Surprisingly, a nonlinear dose-response with an activity threshold around 3-4 ìM, indicative of large cooperativity, was observed. Supported by light scattering and electron microscopy analyses, we propose that the activity, and thus cellular delivery, of these lipo-PNA-BG4 conjugates is dependent on self-assembled nanoaggregates. Finally, cellular activity was enhanced by the presence of serum. Therefore we conclude that the lipo-BG-PNA conjugates exhibit an unexpected mechanism for cell delivery and are of interest for further in vivo studies.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Biological Transport', 'Guanidine', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Nanoparticles', 'Oligonucleotides, Antisense', 'Peptide Nucleic Acids', 'RNA Splicing']
| 26,010,253
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G03.143'], ['D02.078.370.472'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.512.600'], ['D13.150.480', 'D13.444.600.150.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640'], ['D13.695.578.424.550'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Glut1 promotes cell proliferation, migration and invasion by regulating epidermal growth factor receptor and integrin signaling in triple-negative breast cancer cells.
|
Elevated glucose levels in cancer cells can be attributed to increased levels of glucose transporter (GLUT) proteins. Glut1 expression is increased in human malignant cells. To investigate alternative roles of Glut1 in breast cancer, we silenced Glut1 in triple-negative breast-cancer cell lines using a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) system. Glut1 silencing was verified by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Knockdown of Glut1 resulted in decreased cell proliferation, glucose uptake, migration, and invasion through modulation of the EGFR/ MAPK signaling pathway and integrin â1/Src/FAK signaling pathways. These results suggest that Glut1 not only plays a role as a glucose transporter, but also acts as a regulator of signaling cascades in the tumorigenesis of breast cancer. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(3): 132-137].
|
['Apoptosis', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Culture Techniques', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'Glucose Transporter Type 1', 'Humans', 'Integrins', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Signal Transduction', 'Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms']
| 27,931,517
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.223', 'E05.200.500.265', 'E05.242.223', 'E05.481.500.249'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['G05.308.370'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.500.500.500', 'D12.776.157.530.937.563.500', 'D12.776.543.585.500.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.625.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['C04.588.180.788', 'C17.800.090.500.788']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Profiling muscle-specific microRNA expression after peripheral denervation and reinnervation in a rat model.
|
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of highly conserved, non-coding RNAs involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. The muscle-specific miRNAs, miR-1, miR-133a, and miR-206, are expressed in skeletal muscles and have been shown to contribute to muscle development. To profile their expression after sciatic nerve denervation and reinnervation, the soleus muscles of the rats were analyzed with quantitative real-time PCR at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 4 months after the experiments. In addition, a combined approach using computational prediction by the miRanda website and the Agilent Whole Rat Genome 4 x 44 k oligo microarray experiment was performed to investigate the potential target genes of these three miRNAs in the denervated and reinnervated muscles. The results revealed that with the first downregulation of miR-1 and miR-133a within 1 month in the denervated muscle, the expression of miR-1 and miR-133 increased by approximately 2-fold at 4 months after denervation and reinnervation; on the other hand, the expression of miR-206 was significantly increased to approximately 3-fold 1 month later only following reinnervation but not following denervation, and lasted at least for 4 months. The expression pattern of miR-206 was different from that of miR-1 and miR-133a. Notably, two genes (Hnrpu and Npy) and one gene (Ptprd) were potentially regulated both in the denervated and reinnervated muscle by miR-1 and miR-133a, respectively. There were six potential target genes (Hnrpu, Lsamp, MGC108776, Mef2, Npy, and Ppfibp2) of the upregulated miR-206 in the reinnervated muscle. Among these, three (Hnrpu, Npy, and MGC108776) were potentially regulated by both miR-1 and miR-206. Because the Mef2 transcription factor was reported to promote the transformation of type II fast glycolytic fibers into type I slow oxidative fibers, the upregulation of miR-206 with decreased expression of the Mef2 transcript in the 4 month reinnervated muscle, which presented type II fiber predominance 4 months after nerve microanastomosis, might indicate the role of miR-206 in determining the fiber type after peripheral nerve regeneration.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'MADS Domain Proteins', 'MEF2 Transcription Factors', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Muscle Denervation', 'Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch', 'Muscle Proteins', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Myogenic Regulatory Factors', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Recovery of Function', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sciatic Neuropathy', 'Time Factors', 'Up-Regulation']
| 19,586,368
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.776.260.400.249', 'D12.776.930.397'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.294', 'D12.776.260.103.750.294', 'D12.776.260.400.249.624', 'D12.776.930.125.750.294', 'D12.776.930.397.700'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E04.525.210.500', 'E04.525.210.560.500'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.700', 'A11.620.249.700'], ['D12.776.210.500'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.776.210.500.570', 'D12.776.260.103.750', 'D12.776.930.125.750'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['G11.561.638'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G16.757'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C10.668.829.500.675'], ['G01.910.857'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endothelial Cell mTOR Complex-2 Regulates Sprouting Angiogenesis.
|
Tumor neovascularization is targeted by inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or the receptor to prevent tumor growth, but drug resistance to angiogenesis inhibition limits clinical efficacy. Inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3 kinase pathway intermediate, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), also inhibits tumor growth and may prevent escape from VEGF receptor inhibitors. mTOR is assembled into two separate multi-molecular complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. The direct effect of mTORC2 inhibition on the endothelium and tumor angiogenesis is poorly defined. We used pharmacological inhibitors and RNA interference to determine the function of mTORC2 versus Akt1 and mTORC1 in human endothelial cells (EC). Angiogenic sprouting, EC migration, cytoskeleton re-organization, and signaling events regulating matrix adhesion were studied. Sustained inactivation of mTORC1 activity up-regulated mTORC2-dependent Akt1 activation. In turn, ECs exposed to mTORC1-inhibition were resistant to apoptosis and hyper-responsive to renal cell carcinoma (RCC)-stimulated angiogenesis after relief of the inhibition. Conversely, mTORC1/2 dual inhibition or selective mTORC2 inactivation inhibited angiogenesis in response to RCC cells and VEGF. mTORC2-inactivation decreased EC migration more than Akt1- or mTORC1-inactivation. Mechanistically, mTORC2 inactivation robustly suppressed VEGF-stimulated EC actin polymerization, and inhibited focal adhesion formation and activation of focal adhesion kinase, independent of Akt1. Endothelial mTORC2 regulates angiogenesis, in part by regulation of EC focal adhesion kinase activity, matrix adhesion, and cytoskeletal remodeling, independent of Akt/mTORC1.
|
['Actin Cytoskeleton', 'Actins', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Focal Adhesion Kinase 1', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1', 'Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 2', 'Morpholines', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Neovascularization, Pathologic', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Purines', 'Pyrimidines', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Signal Transduction', 'Sirolimus', 'TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 26,295,809
|
[['A11.284.430.214.190.750.050'], ['D05.750.078.730.250', 'D12.776.210.500.100', 'D12.776.220.525.255'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['G04.022'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049.500', 'D12.776.744.493'], ['G05.308'], ['A11.436.275.682'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['D05.500.337', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.500', 'D12.776.476.925.500'], ['D05.500.356', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931.750', 'D12.776.476.925.750'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['D05.500'], ['C23.550.589.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D03.633.100.759'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.540.505.760'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.931', 'D12.776.476.925'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chronic Diseases in High-Cost Users of Hospital, Primary Care, and Prescription Medication in the Capital Region of Denmark.
|
BACKGROUND: A small proportion of patients account for the majority of health care costs. This group is often referred to as high-cost users (HCU). A frequently described characteristic of HCU is chronic disease. Yet, there is a gap in understanding the economic burden of chronic diseases associated with HCU to different types of health care services.OBJECTIVE: To analyze which frequent chronic diseases have the strongest association with HCU overall, and HCU in hospital, primary care, and prescription medication.DESIGN: This is a register-based observational study on Danish health service costs for various diseases in different medical settings.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1,350,677 individuals aged ? 18 years living in the Capital Region of Denmark by 1 January 2012 were included.MAIN MEASURES: Chronic diseases, costs, and sociodemographic data were extracted from the nationwide registers, including data from hospitals, primary care, and medicine consumption. These information were merged on an individual level.KEY RESULTS: Cancer, mental disorders except depression, and heart diseases have the strongest association with HCU overall. Mental disorders except depression were in the three diseases most prevalent in HCU in all the three health care services.CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that the chronic diseases that have the strongest association with HCU differ between different types of health care services. Our findings may be helpful in informing future policies about health care organization and may guide to different prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation strategies that could lessen the burden in the hospital.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cost of Illness', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Denmark', 'Female', 'Health Care Costs', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Multimorbidity', 'Prescription Drugs', 'Primary Health Care', 'Registries', 'Young Adult']
| 31,512,179
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.225.500', 'N06.850.490.687.500'], ['D26.670'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Itch E3 ubiquitin ligase regulates large tumor suppressor 1 stability [corrected].
|
The large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1) is a serine/threonine kinase and tumor suppressor found down-regulated in a broad spectrum of human cancers. LATS1 is a central player of the emerging Hippo-LATS suppressor pathway, which plays important roles in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and stem cell differentiation. Despite the ample data supporting a role for LATS1 in tumor suppression, how LATS1 is regulated at the molecular level remains largely unknown. In this study, we have identified Itch, a HECT class E3 ubiquitin ligase, as a unique binding partner of LATS1. Itch can complex with LATS1 both in vitro and in vivo through the PPxY motifs of LATS1 and the WW domains of Itch. Significantly, we found that overexpression of Itch promoted LATS1 degradation by polyubiquitination through the 26S proteasome pathway. On the other hand, knockdown of endogenous Itch by shRNAs provoked stabilization of endogenous LATS1 proteins. Finally, through several functional assays, we also revealed that change of Itch abundance alone is sufficient for altering LATS1-mediated downstream signaling, negative regulation of cell proliferation, and induction of apoptosis. Taking these data together, our study identifies E3 ubiquitin ligase Itch as a unique negative regulator of LATS1 and presents a possibility of targeting LATS1/Itch interaction as a therapeutic strategy in cancer.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'COS Cells', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Enzyme Stability', 'HEK293 Cells', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Neoplasms', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins', 'Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases']
| 21,383,157
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.624.776'], ['D08.811.464.938.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Urinary 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA) as the major urinary marker of carbon disulfide vapor exposure in rats.
|
Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g; 60 per exposure group) were exposed to carbon disulfide (CS2) air concentrations of 0, 50, 150, and 500 ppm(v/v) for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week over six months. Following the exposures, nine rats from each exposure group had four sets of cumulated urines collected (between 0-8, 8-16, 16-24, and 24-48 hr). The urinary parameters measured were: 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA), total thioethers (TE), and the compounds responsive to the iodine-azide (IA) test. Urinary TTCA elimination obeyed pseudo-first-order, one-compartment model kinetics of half-time (t0.5) 5.2 +/- 0.3 hr up to 16 hr of collection. The elimination of TE within 16 hr had a t0.5 of 8.5 +/- 0.6 hr. TTCA, IA, and TE were correlated highly in the first 16 hr. After 16 hr, the t0.5 for TE lengthened to 13.1 hr. At CS2 concentrations of 50, 150, and 500 ppm, the respective t0.5 for IA-responsive compounds were 12.6, 6.1, and 4.4 hr. TTCA had the highest correlation coefficient and p-value relative to CS2 exposure concentration, and also was the most sensitive, precise, and selective urinary marker.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Azides', 'Biomarkers', 'Carbon Disulfide', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Gases', 'Iodine', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sulfides', 'Thiazoles', 'Thiazolidines', 'Time Factors']
| 8,713,716
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.625.100', 'D02.159'], ['D23.101'], ['D01.200.210', 'D01.875.350.850.074'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D01.362'], ['D01.268.380.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.248.497.158.874', 'D01.875.350.850', 'D02.886.520'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['D02.886.675.966'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors affecting atrazine concentration and quantitative determination in chlorinated water.
|
Although the herbicide atrazine has been reported to not react measurably with free chlorine during drinking water treatment, this work demonstrates that at contact times consistent with drinking water distribution system residence times, a transformation of atrazine can be observed. Some transformation products detected through the use of high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry are consistent with the formation of N-chloro atrazine. The effects of applied chlorine, pH, and reaction time on the transformation reaction were studied to help understand the practical implications of the transformation on the accurate determination of atrazine in drinking waters. The errors in the determination of atrazine are a function of the type of dechlorinating agent applied during sample preparation and the analytical instrumentation utilized. When a reductive dechlorinating agent, such as sodium sulfite or ascorbic acid is used, the quantification of the atrazine can be inaccurate, ranging from 2-fold at pH 7.5 to 30-fold at pH 6.0. The results suggest HPLC/UV and ammonium chloride quenching may be best for accurate quantification. Hence, the results also appear to have implications for both compliance monitoring and health effects studies that utilize gas chromatography analysis with sodium sulfite or ascorbic acid as the quenching agent.
|
['Atrazine', 'Chlorine', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Halogenation', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Water', 'Water Supply']
| 20,022,012
|
[['D03.383.931.247'], ['D01.268.380.150', 'D01.362.225'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['G02.111.323', 'G03.360'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Salicylate as an in vivo free radical trap: studies on ischemic insult to the rat intestine.
|
Ischemia of rat intestine was induced in vivo by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 15 min. Sodium salicylate, 100 mg/kg, given IP, 30 min prior to the ischemic event served as a specific trap for hydroxyl radicals. Portions of the bowel were sequentially isolated and removed--2 min prior to ischemia, 2 min prior to declamping of the SMA, and 10 min following reperfusion. The bowel segments were homogenized in 3% TCA. The homogenate was centrifuged and filtrated through a 0.22 mu filter. The hydroxylation products of salicylate, dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA) derivatives, were isolated, identified, and quantified by HPLC coupled with electrochemical detection (ECD). The level of 2,5-DHBA (M +/- SE, ng/g tissue) in the preischemic bowel (N = 21) was 241.8 +/- 10.0. In the ischemic specimen the level of 2,5-DHBA increased significantly to 313.3 +/- 15.5 (p = 0.0129), and remained unchanged in the reperfusion period (322.8 +/- 15.5). The histological examination correlated well with these levels: mild villi damage in the ischemic period with no further exacerbation during the reperfusion period. This study in an in vivo animal model of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion provides direct evidence for the involvement of free radicals during the ischemic insult.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Free Radicals', 'Gentisates', 'Hydroxides', 'Hydroxybenzoates', 'Hydroxyl Radical', 'Intestines', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Salicylates', 'Salicylic Acid']
| 1,646,748
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595.405', 'D02.241.511.390.595.405', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.405', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.405'], ['D01.045.250', 'D01.248.497.158.459'], ['D02.241.223.100.300', 'D02.241.511.390', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410'], ['D01.045.250.357', 'D01.248.497.158.459.300', 'D01.339.431.249'], ['A03.556.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595', 'D02.241.511.390.595', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595.608', 'D02.241.511.390.595.608', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.608', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.608']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anastomotic healing of small bowel with or without chronic radiation damage in protein-deficient malnourished rats.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the influence of protein malnutrition on anastomotic healing in rat small bowel with or without chronic radiation damage.DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study.SETTING: University hospital, Sweden.MATERIAL: 60 male Sprague-Dawley rats.INTERVENTION: A short segment of the distal ileum was exteriorised and irradiated (n = 30) or only exposed (n = 30), and 20 weeks later an anastomosis was made within this segment. Two weeks before anastomosis half of the animals in each group received rat chow in which the protein content had been reduced to 25%; standard rat chow was given to the remaining animals.MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Weight changes, anastomotic bursting strength, amount of perianastomotic hydroxyproline, and number of anastomotic complications.RESULTS: 13 animals in the irradiated group and 11 animals in the non-irradiated group died of intestinal obstruction or respiratory distress leaving 17 and 19 animals that could be evaluated. Body weight was significantly reduced in animals with protein restriction (p < 0.001). A two way ANOVA showed an association between bursting strength and irradiation (p = 0.02) but not bursting strength and protein restriction. Anastomotic complications were more common in irradiated than in non-irradiated animals irrespective of the nutrition given (8/8 and 8/9 compared with 2/9 and 2/10, p = 0.0006).CONCLUSION: Protein malnutrition had no influence on anastomotic healing in rat intestine with or without chronic radiation damage.
|
['Anastomosis, Surgical', 'Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Intestine, Small', 'Male', 'Protein Deficiency', 'Radiation Injuries, Experimental', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Wound Healing']
| 8,679,763
|
[['E04.035'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['C18.654.521.500.708'], ['C26.733.720', 'E05.598.500.750', 'G01.750.748.500.720', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500.285', 'N06.850.810.300.360.285'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Potentially inappropriate prescribing and associated factors in elderly patients at hospital discharge in Brazil: a cross-sectional study.
|
Background The Screening Tool of Older Persons' Prescriptions/Screening Tool to Alert doctors to Right Treatment (STOPP/START) criteria is used to identify instances of potentially inappropriate prescribing in a patient's medication regimen. Objective To determine the prevalence and predictors of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and potential prescribing omissions (PPOs) among elderly patients at hospital discharge. Setting A university hospital medical clinic in Brazil. Method Discharge prescriptions were examined using the STOPP/START criteria. Subjects were inpatients aged ?60 years receiving at least one medication prior to hospitalization and with a history of cardiovascular disease. The prevalence of PIMs and PPOs was determined and a multivariable binary regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors associated with PIMs or PPOs. Main outcome measure Prevalence of PIMs and PPOs. Results Of the 230 subjects, 13.9% were prescribed at least one PIM. The most frequently prescribed PIMs were glibenclamide or chlorpropamide prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus (31.0%), and aspirin at doses >150 mg/day (14.3%). Ninety patients had at least one PPO (39.1%). The most prevalent PPOs were statins (29.8%) and antiplatelet therapy (13.7%) for diabetes mellitus when coexisting major cardiovascular risk factors were present. No predictors for PIMs were found. In contrast, diabetes was a risk factor while dyslipidaemia was a protective factor for PPOs. Conclusion PIMs and PPOs commonly occur with elderly people at hospital discharge. Diabetes and dyslipidaemia were significantly associated with PPOs. Our findings show the need for interventions to reduce potentially inappropriate prescribing, such as a pharmacist medication review process at hospital discharge.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brazil', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Inappropriate Prescribing', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Potentially Inappropriate Medication List', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors']
| 28,188,508
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.490', 'N02.421.450.500.249'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['N04.761.700.615', 'N05.700.594'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cocrystal structure of an editing complex of Klenow fragment with DNA.
|
High-resolution crystal structures of editing complexes of both duplex and single-stranded DNA bound to Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I large fragment (Klenow fragment) show four nucleotides of single-stranded DNA bound to the 3'-5' exonuclease active site and extending toward the polymerase active site. Melting of the duplex DNA by the protein is stabilized by hydrophobic interactions between Phe-473, Leu-361, and His-666 and the last three bases at the 3' terminus. Two divalent metal ions interacting with the phosphodiester to be hydrolyzed are proposed to catalyze the exonuclease reaction by a mechanism that may be related to mechanisms of other enzymes that catalyze phospho-group transfer including RNA enzymes. We suggest that the editing active site competes with the polymerase active site some 30 A away for the newly formed 3' terminus. Since a 3' terminal mismatched base pair favors the melting of duplex DNA, its binding and excision at the editing exonuclease site that binds single-stranded DNA is enhanced.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'DNA', 'DNA Polymerase I', 'DNA, Single-Stranded', 'Models, Molecular', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 3,194,400
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.225'], ['D13.444.308.497', 'G02.111.570.820.486.437', 'G05.360.580.437'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Differential response of arteries and veins to bipolar vessel sealing: evaluation of a novel reusable device.
|
BACKGROUND: A variety of energy-based techniques for arterial and venous vessel ligation have recently been introduced. Using a porcine model we studied the efficacy of the novel reusable BiClamp versus the standard disposable LigaSure bipolar vessel sealing device. We also compared whether arteries respond differently than veins upon sealing.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In five Swabian Hall pigs, splenectomy and nephrectomy were performed using two different bipolar vessel sealing devices. Measurements of the sealed arteries and veins (diameter 2-7 mm) included rate of seal failure, burst strength, and heat-associated vascular wall morphologic appearance. An additional three animals underwent splenectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and small bowel resection, and vessel seals were studied histologically after a seven-day survival period for vessel wall fusion, inflammation, and fibrous organization.RESULTS: Sealing was highly successful, with only one seal failure overall and thus no difference between the two instruments analyzed. The burst pressures of BiClamp-sealed arteries (842 +/- 117 mm Hg) did not differ from that of arteries sealed with LigaSure (856 +/- 102 mm Hg), but were significantly higher than the burst pressures of veins (155 +/- 26 and 216 +/- 71 mm Hg, respectively) (P < 0.05). Independent of the sealing device used, thermal spread was found increased in veins compared to arteries. Histologic analysis after seven days revealed appropriate healing of the vessel wall, including thrombus fibrosis, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen deposition. With both devices, however, the venous but not the arterial walls still presented with massive inflammatory cell infiltrates.CONCLUSION: Our study indicates that the BiClamp device is as appropriate as the LigaSure instrument to successfully ligate 2-7 mm arteries and veins, demonstrating supraphysiological bursting strengths and adequate lumenal fusion healing. However, veins are more prone to collateral tissue damage and inflammatory wall infiltration.
|
['Animals', 'Arteries', 'Equipment Reuse', 'Kidney', 'Ligation', 'Nephrectomy', 'Spleen', 'Splenectomy', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Surgical Instruments', 'Swine', 'Vascular Surgical Procedures', 'Veins']
| 16,646,707
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E05.328', 'N06.850.585'], ['A05.810.453'], ['E04.426'], ['E04.950.774.435'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['E04.726'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['E07.858.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E04.100.814'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Stimulation of non-alpha7 nicotinic receptors partially protects dopaminergic neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced toxicity in culture.
|
Previous work has shown that nicotine treatment protects against nigrostriatal degeneration in rodents, findings that may be of relevance to the decreased incidence of Parkinson's disease in cigarette smokers. In the present studies, we investigated the effect of nicotine against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced toxicity in dopaminergic ventral mesencephalic cultures to identify the nicotinic receptor population that may be involved. [3H]Epibatidine, a ligand that binds to receptors containing alpha2-alpha6 subunits, bound to at least two populations of sites that were up-regulated by nicotine in a time and dose dependent manner. We next examined the effect of nicotine on cultures treated with 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, a neurotoxin that selectively damages nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Pre-treatment with nicotine, at 10(-7)-10(-4) M, partially prevented the toxin-induced decline in dopaminergic cells. Pre-exposure to nicotine for 24 h resulted in optimal protection, suggesting that receptor up-regulation may contribute to the observed neuroprotective effect. Nicotine-mediated protection was blocked by pre-incubation with the nicotinic receptor antagonist d-tubocurarine (10(-4) M), but not the alpha7 receptor-selective antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin (10(-7) M). Our results show that nicotinic receptor activation partially protects nigral dopaminergic neurons from 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced toxicity in culture and that this appears to occur through an interaction at non-alpha7 containing receptors.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium', 'Animals', 'Cell Death', 'Dopamine', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Neurons', 'Neuroprotective Agents', 'Nicotine', 'Organ Culture Techniques', 'Parkinson Disease', 'Pregnancy', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Nicotinic', 'Substantia Nigra', 'Tobacco Use Disorder', 'Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase', 'alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor']
| 11,801,364
|
[['D03.383.725.762.550'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D27.505.696.706.548', 'D27.505.954.427.575'], ['D03.132.760.570', 'D03.383.725.518'], ['E05.481.500.484'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.500', 'D12.776.543.750.130.687', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.550'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.413.656'], ['C25.775.912', 'F03.900.912'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.923', 'D12.776.556.579.374.925'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.100.500.500', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.100.500.500', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.100.500.500', 'D12.776.543.750.130.687.500', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.550.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
FDA Benchmark Medical Device Flow Models for CFD Validation.
|
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is increasingly being used to develop blood-contacting medical devices. However, the lack of standardized methods for validating CFD simulations and blood damage predictions limits its use in the safety evaluation of devices. Through a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) initiative, two benchmark models of typical device flow geometries (nozzle and centrifugal blood pump) were tested in multiple laboratories to provide experimental velocities, pressures, and hemolysis data to support CFD validation. In addition, computational simulations were performed by more than 20 independent groups to assess current CFD techniques. The primary goal of this article is to summarize the FDA initiative and to report recent findings from the benchmark blood pump model study. Discrepancies between CFD predicted velocities and those measured using particle image velocimetry most often occurred in regions of flow separation (e.g., downstream of the nozzle throat, and in the pump exit diffuser). For the six pump test conditions, 57% of the CFD predictions of pressure head were within one standard deviation of the mean measured values. Notably, only 37% of all CFD submissions contained hemolysis predictions. This project aided in the development of an FDA Guidance Document on factors to consider when reporting computational studies in medical device regulatory submissions. There is an accompanying podcast available for this article. Please visit the journal's Web site (www.asaiojournal.com) to listen.
|
['Benchmarking', 'Heart-Assist Devices', 'Humans', 'Hydrodynamics', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Rheology', 'United States', 'United States Food and Drug Administration']
| 28,114,192
|
[['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['E04.050.430', 'E07.695.300.300', 'E07.858.082.374.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.342'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['I01.409.418.750.600.650.760', 'N03.540.348.500.500.600.650.760']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Tie2-Cre-induced inactivation of a conditional mutant Nf1 allele in mouse results in a myeloproliferative disorder that models juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia.
|
Neurofibromatosis type one (NF1) is a common genetic disorder affecting 1:4000 births and is characterized by benign and malignant tumors. Children with NF1 are predisposed to juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. The Nf1 gene encodes neurofibromin, which can function as a Ras GTPase-activating protein. Neurofibromin deficiency in mice leads to mid-gestation lethality due to cardiovascular defects. We have previously shown that conditional inactivation of Nf1 using Tie2-Cre recapitulates the heart defects seen in Nf1(-/-) embryos. Tie2-Cre transgenic mice express Cre recombinase in all endothelial cells. Here, we show that Tie2-Cre-mediated deletion of Nf1 also leads to excision of Nf1 in the hematopoietic lineage. Surviving mice exhibit a myeloproliferative disorder similar to juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia seen in NF1 patients. These mice provide a useful model to study neurofibromin deficiency in hematopoiesis. Furthermore, defects in Tie2-Cre-expressing progenitors that result in heart and blood defects suggest that related heart and blood disorders in NF1 and other syndromes represent disorders of the hemangioblast.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Child', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Gene Silencing', 'Genes, Neurofibromatosis 1', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Integrases', 'Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic', 'Leukocytes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Myeloproliferative Disorders', 'Receptor, TIE-2', 'Spleen']
| 14,739,366
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.249.340', 'G05.360.340.024.340.415.400.340'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.739.500'], ['C04.557.337.539.522', 'C15.378.190.615.510'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['C15.378.190.636'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.925.500', 'D12.776.543.750.630.687.500'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Validating a 7-channel ambulatory polygraphy unit. 1: Operating instructions for the physician and patient].
|
PURPOSE: For some time, the ambulatory diagnosis of sleep-related breathing disorders has included the use of seven-channel recording units. One such unit is the POLY-MESAM (MAP, Martinsried, FRG). The first part of the present study prospectively investigated the handling of the system for physicians and patients, its technical reliability, reliability of the software used and the results in comparison to handscoring.METHODS: In all, 104 patients (95 males, 9 females) were studied for different severities of obstructive sleep-related breathing disorders. The first 51 patients were connected to the POLY-MESAM in the evening within the clinic. The patients then slept at home and returned the next day. Another 53 patients received only a short briefing in the clinic and connected themselves at home to the POLY-MESAM System. Each patient's status was monitored by means of a visual analogue scale. Automatic evaluation of the data was compared with the results of manual scoring.RESULTS: From the data recorded only 6% of the results were not usable. Patients acceptances of the system were very high (94.3%). On average each patient required 21 minutes for attaching and detaching the device. Scoring and instructing the patients required an average of 23 min. Regarding the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), the correlation between automatic (AHI = 11.1) and manual (AHI = 11.3) evaluations was high. Analysis of snoring turned out to be insufficient.CONCLUSIONS: The POLY-MESAM proved to be reliable and user-friendly. Our findings show that the system can be recommended for outpatient screening of sleep-related breathing disorders, with patients able to manage the system without help. Validation by using simultaneous polysomnography is the subject of part two of the study.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Computer Systems', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polysomnography', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Sleep Apnea Syndromes', 'Software']
| 10,407,729
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['L01.224.230'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520.625'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['L01.224.800'], ['C08.618.085.852', 'C10.886.425.800.750'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Coronary score adds prognostic information for patients with acute coronary syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of the present study was to explore the association of 3 coronary scores with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).METHODS AND RESULTS: The 958 consecutive patients with ACS were followed up until either MACE or 31(st) December 2008 occurred; 257 patients reached clinical endpoints. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the Gensini score was associated with 90-day MACE (relative risk (RR) 1.021, P=0.004), 6-month MACE (RR 1.021, P<0.001), 1-year MACE (RR 1.017, P=0.002), and MACE during follow-up (RR 1.010, P=0.040). Leaman score was associated with 90-day MACE (RR 1.094, P=0.014), 6-month MACE (RR 1.098, P=0.002), and 1-year MACE (RR 1.074, P=0.009). The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the Gensini score (odds ratio (OR) 1.037, P=0.001), Leaman score (OR 1.165, P=0.007) and American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) score (OR 1.235, P=0.025) were all associated with cardiogenic death.CONCLUSIONS: The Gensini score provides more valuable prognostic information on cardiovascular risk than either the Leaman or ACC/AHA score in patients with ACS.
|
['Acute Coronary Syndrome', 'Aged', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Death, Sudden, Cardiac', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Patient Readmission', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'ROC Curve', 'Risk Factors', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Stroke']
| 20,057,158
|
[['C14.280.647.124', 'C14.907.585.124'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.383.220', 'C23.550.260.322.250'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['E02.760.400.620', 'N02.421.585.400.620'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Synthesis of phosphatidylserine in carrot cells cultured under carbon-source starvation.
|
When carrot suspension cells were cultured on medium containing no carbon source (starvation), the levels of phosphatidylserine (PS) increased transiently 3-4 d after the initiation of starvation while levels of most other phospholipid (PL) species decreased. We previously reported that fatty acids of these PLs served as an alternative carbon source during starvation. The present study showed that cells possess two different biosynthetic pathways involving phosphatidylcholine (PC)/phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) exchange enzymes and PS synthase to synthesize PS. These activities peaked similarly 4 d after the initiation of starvation and coincided with the peak of PS level. The synthesis of serine was also significantly activated during starvation. The activity of phosphoserine aminotransferase (PSAT) which is involved in serine synthesis increased with a time course similar to that of the increase in the PS level. These observations suggest that the increase in PS level plays an important role in membranes which are degraded during starvation.
|
['CDPdiacylglycerol-Serine O-Phosphatidyltransferase', 'Carbon', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Culture Media', 'Daucus carota', 'Phosphatidylserines', 'Plant Leaves', 'Serine']
| 11,148,273
|
[['D08.811.913.696.900.150'], ['D01.268.150'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.075.278'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.971'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D12.125.154.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolation and characterization of cadmium-resistant mutants of Neurospora crassa.
|
This study identified and characterized four cadmium-resistant mutants of Neurospora crassa. One of these mutants maps to linkage group II and the other three map to linkage group VII, whereas a naturally occurring resistant trait in a strain from Japan resides at a distinct but unmapped locus. Transport of cadmium into Neurospora cells occurs by more than a single uptake system and involves both energy-dependent and -independent components. The resistant mutants transport cadmium in the same manner as does the cadmium-sensitive wild-type strain. Cadmium resistance in these mutants does not appear to result from an increase in cytosolic heat-stable cadmium-binding proteins. Cadmium does not induce the typical heat-shock response in conidia. Under various growth conditions, each of the mutants exhibited morphological alterations, possibly involving the cell wall or plasma membrane.
|
['Biological Transport, Active', 'Cadmium', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Neurospora', 'Neurospora crassa']
| 2,525,066
|
[['G03.143.310'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['G05.365.590'], ['B01.300.107.800.629'], ['B01.300.107.800.629.564']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electric field modulation in tissue electroporation with electrolytic and non-electrolytic additives.
|
Electroporation, cell membrane permeabilization with short electrical field pulses, is used in tissue for in vivo gene therapy, drug therapy and minimally invasive tissue ablation. For the electroporation to be successful, the electrical field that develops during the application of the pulses needs to be precisely controlled. In this study we investigate the use of electrolytic and non-electrolytic gels to generate the precise electrical fields required for controlled electroporation, in heterogeneous and irregular tissues, in vivo. Finite element computer simulations are used to illustrate various applications, such as the treatment of irregularly shaped organs and interior cavities. The feasibility of the concept is demonstrated experimentally in vivo with a rat liver subjected to irreversible electroporation.
|
['Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Electrolytes', 'Electromagnetic Fields', 'Electroporation', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Gels', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 17,350,351
|
[['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['D01.248'], ['G01.358.500.260', 'G01.358.750.500'], ['E05.200.500.454', 'E05.242.448', 'E05.301.500'], ['E05.355'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['A03.620'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Affinity modulation of human placental insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors by lectins.
|
The ability of plant lectins to modify the interactions of the insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptors (IGFRs) with their ligands was investigated. The lectins profoundly affected the competition-binding curves for (125)I-labelled IGF-I and insulin, causing an increase in the affinity of placental IGF1R and IR towards their ligands. This increment was of such a magnitude that it could affect the receptors' specificity towards these ligands. The lower the ligand concentration, the greater was the lectin-induced affinity shift, which suggests potential physiological significance of the effect. The affinity modulation occurred in a lectin-specific and dose-dependent manner. In contrast to IGF1R and IR, the binding of (125)I-labelled IGF-II to its receptors resisted lectin modulation. Here we provide evidence of the possibility of external modulation of the affinity of placental IGF1R and IR via interactions of the receptors' carbohydrate moieties with lectins. The existence of modulators that would selectively inhibit or enhance the binding of IGFs or insulin to their corresponding receptors may have important implications for placental cell responses to these molecules.
|
['Animals', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Cell Membrane', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor II', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Lectins', 'Placenta', 'Pregnancy', 'Radioligand Assay', 'Receptor, IGF Type 1', 'Receptor, IGF Type 2', 'Receptor, Insulin']
| 18,316,333
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['A11.284.149'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.420', 'D12.776.124.862.425', 'D12.776.467.937.420', 'D23.529.937.420'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['D12.776.503'], ['A16.710'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.225.985', 'E01.370.374.650', 'E01.370.384.720', 'E05.200.985'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.185', 'D12.776.543.750.630.468', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.780.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.750.400.780.410'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.200', 'D12.776.543.750.630.484', 'D12.776.543.750.750.580.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[SIRS and ARDS as a result of drug injection in the shoulder region].
|
Bacterial infections with local inflammation or hematogenous spreading may occur after joint punctures and intra- or periarticular injections. The risk of severe infections increases in patients with diseases accompanied by low immunity, e.g., gout, alcoholism, rheumatoid arthritis, and diabetes mellitus. Cases of septic omarthritis after intra-articular injection with fatal outcome after delayed onset of therapy are known. In our clinic we treated a female patient who previously received an injection in the shoulder region in a different facility. On admission she was suffering from an abscess of the surrounding soft tissues, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Because the clinical picture was recognized early, we were able to prevent severe progression with organ failure. Another female patient developed a postinjection bacterial acromioclavicular arthritis followed by septic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and eventually multiple organ failure (MOF). With inconspicuous clinical findings in the initial shoulder examination the bacterial arthritis was detected as the cause of sepsis only after intensive investigations.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Shoulder Joint', 'Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome']
| 18,043,902
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C01.150.252'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['A02.835.583.748'], ['C23.550.470.790', 'C23.550.835.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Metastatic non-functional paraganglioma to the lung.
|
INTRODUCTION: Paragangliomas are rare endocrine tumors that arise from the extra-adrenal autonomic paraganglia and sympathetic paragangliomas usually secret catecholamines and are located in the sympathetic paravertebral ganglia of thorax, abdomen, and pelvis. In contrast, most parasympathetic paragangliomas are nonfunctional and located along the glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves in the neck and at the base of the skull. Such neoplasms, although rare, are clinically important because they may recur after surgical resection and 10% of them give rise to metastases causing death with the lymphatic nodes, bones, liver, and lungs being the most common locations.CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 26-year-old male patient that was diagnosed with paraganglioma of the right-frontal lobe infiltrating the falx and frontal bone which was diagnosed after suffering from a headache and abnormal vision. On initial work-up he was found to have right pulmonary nodules that increased in size after follow up and other nodules appeared in the contralateral lung. He underwent subtotal resection of the brain tumor and complete resection of the bilateral pulmonary nodules.CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, paraganglioma is considered to be a rare entity in the central nervous system with very few cases being reported in the supratentorial region and no cases were reported of metastatic such paraganglioma to the lung.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Multiple Pulmonary Nodules', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Paraganglioma', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 32,393,294
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.237', 'C08.381.540.148', 'C08.785.520.148'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.700', 'C04.557.580.625.650.700'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Clinicopathological and Preclinical Findings of NUT Carcinoma: A Multicenter Study.
|
BACKGROUND: NUT carcinoma is a rare aggressive disease caused by BRD4/3-NUT fusion, and C-MYC upregulation plays a key role in the pathogenesis. Here, we report on the clinicopathological characteristics of Korean patients with NUT carcinoma and the in vitro efficacy of MYC-targeting agents against patient-derived NUT carcinoma cell lines.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with NUT carcinoma were evaluated for p53, C-MYC, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) by immunohistochemistry. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of NUT carcinoma cell lines (SNU-2972-1, SNU-3178S, HCC2429, and Ty-82) were determined using MYC-targeting agents, including bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) inhibitors (I-BET, OTX-015, AZD5153) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (vorinostat, romidepsin, panobinostat, CUDC-907).RESULTS: Primary tumor sites included head and neck (n = 9) and lung (n = 4). The patient age ranged from 8 to 73 years with the male/female ratio of 1.2:1. Nine patients died at 3-23.6 months (median, 10.6) after diagnosis. Eight patients had been misdiagnosed initially with other diseases. One patient with metastatic NUT carcinoma who received mass excision plus metastasectomy followed by chemoradiotherapy was a long-term survivor (>27 months). Although expressions of C-MYC (8/12, 73%) and p53 (12/12, 100%) were commonly observed, EGFR, HER2, and PD-L1 expressions were observed in 2 of 7 (29%), 2 of 8 (25%), and 1 of 12 (8.3%) patients, respectively. BET and HDAC inhibitors showed variable but limited in vitro efficacy. However, a dual HDAC/PI3K inhibitor, CUDC-907, was most potent against NUT carcinoma cells, with an IC50 of 5.5-9.0 pmol/L. Consistent with these findings, kinome short interfering RNA screening showed a positive hit for PI3KCA in NUT carcinoma cells. Panobinostat (IC50, 0.4-1.3 nmol/L) and a bivalent BET inhibitor, AZD5153 (IC50, 3.7-8.2 nmol/L), also showed remarkable efficacies.CONCLUSION: East Asian patients with NUT carcinoma showed dismal survival outcomes like Western patients, and CUDC-907 might be promising in NUT carcinoma treatment.IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: NUT carcinoma (NC) is a disease caused by BRD-NUT fusion leading to C-MYC upregulation. NC is often misdiagnosed and very aggressive, requiring development of effective therapeutic strategy. This article presents the clinicopathological features of the largest series of NCs in East Asians and preclinical sensitivities to MYC-targeting agents in NC cell lines. Patients with NC had grave outcomes and poor response to treatment. Among MYC-targeting agents, including BET and HDAC inhibitors, CUDC-907 (a dual PI3K/HDAC inhibitor) was most effective against NC cells, followed by panobinostat (an HDAC inhibitor) and AZD5153 (a bivalent BET inhibitor). CUDC-907 might be promising in NC treatment.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Child', 'Female', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring', 'Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morpholines', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Oncogene Proteins, Fusion', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Piperazines', 'Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'Pyrimidines', 'Young Adult']
| 30,696,721
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C04.588.443'], ['D03.633.100'], ['D27.505.519.389.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.602.500.500', 'D12.776.624.664.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.260.103.813', 'D12.776.624.664.700.189', 'D12.776.660.765', 'D12.776.930.125.813'], ['D03.383.742'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pleiotrophin enhances PDGFB-induced gliomagenesis through increased proliferation of neural progenitor cells.
|
Pleiotrophin (PTN) augments tumor growth by increasing proliferation of tumor cells and promoting vascular abnormalization, but its role in early gliomagenesis has not been evaluated. Through analysis of publically available datasets, we demonstrate that increased PTN mRNA expression is associated with amplification of chromosome 7, identified as one of the earliest steps in glioblastoma development. To elucidate the role of PTN in tumor initiation we employed the RCAS/tv-a model that allows glioma induction by RCAS-virus mediated expression of oncogenes in neural progenitor cells. Intracranial injection of RCAS-PTN did not induce glioma formation when administrated alone, but significantly enhanced RCAS-platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)B-induced gliomagenesis. PTN co-treatment augmented PDGFB-induced Akt activation in neural progenitor cells in vitro, and enhanced neural sphere size associated with increased proliferation. Our data indicates that PTN expression is associated with chromosome 7 gain, and that PTN enhances PDGFB-induced gliomagenesis by stimulating proliferation of neural progenitor cells.
|
['Animals', 'Avian Proteins', 'Avian Sarcoma Viruses', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'Cytokines', 'Gene Amplification', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Glioblastoma', 'Humans', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neoplasm Grading', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Neural Stem Cells', 'Phenotype', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis', 'Receptors, Virus', 'Signal Transduction', 'Spheroids, Cellular', 'Transfection']
| 27,806,344
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.095'], ['B04.613.807.070.120', 'B04.820.650.070.120'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['D12.776.157'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.335', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.335'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['G05.308.250', 'G05.365.590.310', 'G05.558.315'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['C04.557.465.625.600.380.080.335', 'C04.557.470.670.380.080.335', 'C04.557.580.625.600.380.080.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E01.789.612'], ['A11.872.650'], ['A11.872.653'], ['G05.695'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['D12.644.276.910.650', 'D12.776.124.625.650', 'D12.776.260.690', 'D12.776.467.910.650', 'D12.776.624.664.700.195', 'D23.529.910.650'], ['D12.776.543.750.830'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A11.251.800'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Real-Time Visualization of Cysteine Metabolism in Living Cells with Ratiometric Fluorescence Probes.
|
Sulfite from cysteine metabolism in living cells plays a crucial role in improving the water solubility of metabolic xenobiotics for their easier excretion in urine or bile. However, an imbalance of sulfite in vivo would lead to oxidative stress or age-related diseases, and an effective strategy for real-time imaging of cysteine metabolism in living cells is still lacking due to its low metabolite concentration and rapid reaction kinetics. Herein, a cyanine moiety based ratiometric fluorescence probe was developed for highly selective and sensitive detection of sulfite in aqueous solution and living cells. The free probe exhibited an orange emission color, and the fluorescence color would gradually change to blue once sulfite anions selectively reacted with the unsaturated carbon double bonds in the probe molecule. This ratiometric fluorescence manner endowed the probe excellent sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.78 nM, which was then explored to image the kinetic process of sulfite release in hepatic BRL cells after incubating with an excess amount of cysteine. This strategy opens new opportunities for revealing thiol-containing species metabolism and even quantitatively tracking their distributions in live cells or organelles.
|
['Cell Survival', 'Cysteine', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Confocal', 'Optical Imaging', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Sulfites', 'Time Factors']
| 29,363,304
|
[['G04.346'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.395', 'E05.595.395'], ['E01.370.350.589', 'E05.642'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D01.248.497.158.904', 'D01.875.750'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neuropsychological predictors of powered wheelchair use: a prospective follow-up study.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate (1) rates of powered wheelchair use and level of user-rated functional performance at one-month follow-up, and (2) whether psychological variables were prospectively predictive of outcome.DESIGN: Prospective follow-up study.SETTING: UK hospital-based regional rehabilitation and mobility centre.PARTICIPANTS: Volunteer adults with impaired mobility. Of 155 approached, 103 had baseline assessments. Of these, 81 (79%) provided outcome data. Mean age was 65.6 years (SD = 13.5); 55% were male.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Rate of day-to-day powerchair use, and users' perceptions of how well the powerchair allowed them to perform functional tasks.RESULTS: Among those with indoor-only chairs, 48% were 'less frequent' users; this rose to 72% among those with indoor/outdoor chairs. Excluding environmental reasons, rate of indoor use was predicted by baseline measures of verbal recall (P<0.001), figure copying (P=0.003) and global cognition (P=0.021). Among those with indoor/outdoor chairs, total rate of use was predicted by verbal recall (P= 0.001). Participants reported that the powerchair was effective in meeting their functional needs.CONCLUSIONS: Powered wheelchair use was predicted by cognitive measures. Rates of use were relatively low, despite users' reports that the powerchair facilitated their everyday functioning well.
|
['Aged', 'Cognition', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'ROC Curve', 'Regression Analysis', 'Wheelchairs']
| 18,728,137
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.463.188'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E07.796.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Designing misfolded proteins by energy landscaping.
|
Conformational fluctuations in the native state ensemble enhance the complexity in designing de novo protein sequences that may fold correctly into a desired target structure. In this work, the results of a self-consistent mean field theory are applied to a cubic lattice model of proteins and real nonhomologous proteins to assess the designability of folded, misfolded, and unfolded conformations. This theory, for the first time, accounts for the properties of misfolded sequences in terms of a generalized foldability criterion and characterizes the topography of the sequence energy landscape in terms of folded, misfolded, and unfolded ensemble of conformations. For a given foldability criterion, the folded, misfolded, and unfolded conformations may be distinctly classified by tuning the energy variance of the native state ensemble. This implies a promising route to de novo protein design and provides useful insights into understanding the impact of conformational similarity/diversity on the folding-misfolding-unfolding transition.
|
['Microfilament Proteins', 'Protein Folding', 'Protein Unfolding', 'Proteins', 'Temperature', 'Thermodynamics']
| 21,158,416
|
[['D05.750.078.730', 'D12.776.220.525'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['G01.154.651.750', 'G02.111.688.750'], ['D12.776'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Taxonomic characterisation of Pseudomonas strain L48 and formal proposal of Pseudomonas entomophila sp. nov.
|
An entomopathogenic, Gram-negative bacterium isolated from a female specimen of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster was taxonomically characterised. Strain L48(T) was strictly aerobic, non-fermentative, oxidase and catalase positive, rod-shaped, and motile due to a polar inserted flagellum. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and three other housekeeping genes placed strain L48 (T) in the Pseudomonas putida phylogenetic group. DNA-DNA hybridisation studies together with phenotypic metabolic tests and MALDI-TOF MS analysis justified the proposal of strain L48(T) as a representative of a novel species, for which the name Pseudomonas entomophila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is deposited in culture collections under accession numbers CCUG 61470(T) and CECT 7985(T).
|
['Aerobiosis', 'Animals', 'Bacterial Typing Techniques', 'Catalase', 'Cluster Analysis', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Flagella', 'Locomotion', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Phylogeny', 'Pseudomonas', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization']
| 22,326,814
|
[['G02.111.017', 'G03.049'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.125', 'E05.200.875.150.125'], ['D08.811.682.732.332'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['A11.284.180.290'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['D08.811.682'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E05.196.566.755']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of [11C]vorozole binding in ovarian tissue in rats throughout estrous cycle in association with conversion of androgens to estrogens in vivo and in vitro.
|
Estrogen levels vary in a cyclic fashion during the rat estrous cycle, reaching peak concentrations during proestrus. Previously, it was suggested that the preovulatory peak in estrogen production in rats in vivo is regulated by other control mechanisms than concentration of precursor and amount of aromatase enzyme, changing the specific activity of the enzyme. To explore this hypothesis, ovarian binding of [11C]vorozole in vivo and in vitro, representing the amount of active aromatase, and conversion activity of ovarian homogenate were assayed together with serum androstenedione (A4) and estradiol-17beta (E2) levels during the estrous cycle in rats. The reducing ovarian [11C]vorozole binding in vivo from proestrus +4 up to +8h might indicate that the ovarian aromatase is blocked, probably to prevent premature increase of E2 levels. Thereafter (between proestrus +9 and +13h), the binding dramatically increases (aromatase enzyme is unblocked), to enable increased E2 synthesis. In addition, during the latter period, serum E2 levels were strongly correlated with serum A4 levels after adjustment for amount of ovarian aromatase (P=0.03), but not with amount of aromatase adjusted for levels of A4 (P=0.13), which might indicate changes in specific activity of the aromatase enzyme. Significant correlation between Kd and serum E2 levels during the same period indicated that aromatase-precursor affinity might be involved in the regulation of the enzyme-specific activity. This conclusion is done assuming that [11C]vorozole binding mimics that of the substrate (A4). The [11C]vorozole in vivo technique keeps auto- and paracrine mechanisms intact, and might therefore yield additional information about biological processes compared with traditional in vitro techniques.
|
['Androstenedione', 'Animals', 'Aromatase', 'Aromatase Inhibitors', 'Binding Sites', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Estradiol', 'Estrous Cycle', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Ovary', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Triazoles']
| 14,643,875
|
[['D04.210.500.054.079.329', 'D04.210.500.578.502.112', 'D06.472.040.502.112', 'D06.472.334.851.968.875'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.244.453.489.500', 'D08.244.453.915.099', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.447.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.099', 'D12.776.422.220.453.489.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.915.099'], ['D27.505.519.389.870.300', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327.149', 'D27.505.696.399.450.855.300'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.195'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['E05.481'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pseudomyxoma peritonei--experience from a tertiary referral centre.
|
Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a clinical diagnosis of massive abdominal swelling by a gelatinous material, produced usually from an ovarian or appendiceal primary. It is a rare entity that is usually histologically benign but behaves clinically in a malignant fashion with recurrent growth, although not demonstrating histological stromal invasion. The disease remains localized to the peritoneal cavity and the clinical course is one of repeated episodes of intestinal obstruction caused by extrinsic compression that seem only to be relieved by surgical debulking. Variable responses have been obtained with adjuvant chemo-, radio- and immunotherapy, but these isolated responses are unable to be reproduced and so there is no accepted adjuvant treatment for this disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cancer Care Facilities', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Minnesota', 'Pelvic Exenteration', 'Pseudomyxoma Peritonei']
| 1,930,042
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N02.278.421.556.070'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['E04.584'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.075.500', 'C04.557.470.590.075.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
An Unusual Case of Metastatic Seminoma in a Dog.
|
An 8 yr old, reportedly castrated male Boston terrier presented with a history of generalized hyperesthesia and intermittent shifting leg lameness. Physical examination revealed a caudal abdominal mass and bilateral shoulder pain. A complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, and urinalysis were unremarkable. Thoracic radiographs demonstrated bony proliferation and lysis of the third sternebra, an expansile lesion of the left tenth rib, and lucency in both proximal humeral metaphyses. Abdominal radiographs and ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass within the caudoventral right abdomen. Ultrasonography also revealed an enlarged lymph node within the right retroperitoneal space. Exploratory laparotomy identified the mass as a retained testicle. A cryptorchidectomy, lymph node biopsy, and bilateral percutaneous core biopsies of the proximal humeri were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed malignant seminoma of the testicle with metastasis to lymph node and bone. Adjuvant chemotherapy was recommended, but it was declined by the owner. All follow-up was lost. This case highlights a unique case for causative hyperesthesia secondary to a novel site of metastasis from malignant seminoma. Metastasis to bone has not been reported in humans or dogs and represents a very unusual and aberrant variant of the normally relatively benign biological behavior of seminoma in the dog.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Cryptorchidism', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Hyperesthesia', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Seminoma', 'Testicular Neoplasms']
| 26,535,460
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['C12.294.829.258', 'C12.706.258', 'C16.131.939.258', 'C19.391.829.258'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C10.597.751.791.450', 'C23.888.592.763.770.450'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['C04.557.465.330.800'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The lateral femoral notch sign: a reliable diagnostic measurement in acute anterior cruciate ligament injury.
|
PURPOSE: To describe the validity and inter- and intra-observer reliability of the lateral femoral notch sign (LFNS) as measured on conventional radiographs for diagnosing acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.METHODS: Patients (? 45 years) with a traumatic knee injury who underwent knee arthroscopy and had preoperative radiographs were retrospectively screened for this case-control study. Included patients were assigned to the ACL injury group (n = 65) or the control group (n = 53) based on the arthroscopic findings. All radiographs were evaluated for the presence, depth and location of the LFNS by four physicians who were blind to the conditions. To calculate intra-observer reliability, each observer re-assessed 25% of the radiographs at a 4-week interval.RESULTS: The depth of the LFNS was significantly greater in ACL-injured patients than in controls [median 0.8 mm (0-3.1 mm) versus 0.0 mm (0-1.4 mm), respectively; p = 0.008]. The inter- and intra-observer reliabilities of the LFNS depth were 0.93 and 0.96, respectively. Secondary knee pathology (i.e., lateral meniscal injury) in ACL-injured patients was correlated with a deeper LFNS [median 1.1 mm (0-2.6 mm) versus 0.6 mm (0-3.1 mm), p = 0.012]. Using a cut-off value of 1 mm for the LFNS depth, a positive predictive value of 96% was found.CONCLUSION: This was the first study to investigate the inter- and intra-observer agreement of the depth and location of the LFNS. The depth of the LFNS had a very high predictive value for ACL-injured patients and could be used in the emergency department without any additional cost. A depth of > 1.0 mm was a good predictor for ACL injury. Measuring the depth of the LFNS is a simple and clinically relevant tool for diagnosing ACL injury in the acute setting and should be used by clinicians in patients with acute knee trauma.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic study, level II.
|
['Adult', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Arthroscopy', 'Athletic Injuries', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Observer Variation', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Radiography', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 30,317,524
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['E04.555.110.026', 'E04.680.101.026'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['C26.115'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preliminary design of a new degradable medical device to prevent the formation and recurrence of intrauterine adhesions.
|
Intrauterine adhesions lead to partial or complete obliteration of the uterine cavity and have life-changing consequences for women. The leading cause of adhesions is believed to be loss of stroma resulting from trauma to the endometrium after surgery. Adhesions are formed when lost stroma is replaced by fibrous tissue that join the uterine walls. Few effective intrauterine anti-adhesion barriers for gynecological surgery exist. We designed a degradable anti-adhesion medical device prototype to prevent adhesion formation and recurrence and restore uterine morphology. We focused on ideal degradation time for complete uterine re-epithelialization for optimal anti-adhesion effect and clinical usability. We developed a triblock copolymer prototype [poly(lactide) combined with high molecular mass poly(ethylene oxide)]. Comparative pre-clinical studies demonstrated in vivo anti-adhesion efficacy. Ease of introduction and optimal deployment in a human uterus confirmed clinical usability. This article provides preliminary data to develop an intrauterine medical device and conduct a clinical trial.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Collagen', 'Endometrium', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Polyesters', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Random Allocation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Recurrence', 'Tissue Adhesions', 'Uterine Diseases', 'Uterus', 'Viscosity']
| 31,123,719
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.022'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['A05.360.319.679.490'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.481'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C23.550.355.274.840'], ['C13.351.500.852'], ['A05.360.319.679'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of ferrule preparation with or without glass fiber post on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth.
|
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the effect of ferrule preparation (Fp) on the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, restored with composite resin cores with or without glass fiber posts.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-four bovine teeth were sectioned 19 or 17 mm (2 mm ferrule) from the apex, endodontically treated and assigned to four groups (n = 11): Group 1: Fp and post; Group 2: Fp and without post; Group 3: without Fp and with post; Group 4: without Fp and without post. All specimens were restored with composite resin core and metal crown. Specimens were subjected to fracture resistance testing in a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's tests (á=0.05).RESULTS: The mean fracture resistance values were as follows: Group 1: 573.3 N; Group 2: 552.5 N; Group 3: 275.3 N; Group 4: 258.6 N. Significantly higher fracture resistance was found for the groups with Fp (p<0.001).CONCLUSION: There was no statistically significant interaction between the "Fp" and "post" factors (p = 0.954). The ferrule preparation increased the fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth. However, the use of glass fiber post showed no significant influence on the fracture resistance.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Composite Resins', 'Crowns', 'Dental Alloys', 'Dental Materials', 'Dental Prosthesis Design', 'Dental Stress Analysis', 'Glass', 'Gutta-Percha', 'Post and Core Technique', 'Random Allocation', 'Root Canal Filling Materials', 'Root Canal Obturation', 'Root Canal Preparation', 'Stress, Mechanical', 'Tooth Fractures', 'Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic', 'Tooth, Nonvital']
| 20,835,570
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D05.750.716.822.308', 'D25.339.816.500', 'D25.720.716.822.308', 'J01.637.051.339.816.500', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.308'], ['E06.780.346.250', 'E07.695.190.088'], ['D25.339.208', 'J01.637.051.339.208'], ['D25.339', 'D27.720.102.339', 'J01.637.051.339'], ['E06.780.346.625', 'E06.912.145'], ['E06.308'], ['J01.637.437'], ['D20.215.721.061', 'D25.339.859.495', 'D25.720.327.840.119', 'J01.637.051.339.859.495'], ['E06.780.346.250.500', 'E07.695.190.088.500'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['D25.339.859', 'J01.637.051.339.859'], ['E06.397.778.778'], ['E06.397.778.889', 'E06.931.625'], ['G01.374.835'], ['C07.793.850.750', 'C26.900.750'], ['E06.931.750'], ['C07.793.237.910']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Magnetic resonance imaging: a new diagnostic aid in the care of high-voltage electrical burns.
|
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect and delineate alterations in the hydration properties of tissues such as oedema and necrosis. The distinction between living tissue oedema and frank necrosis is also possible with MRI, by use of a spin-echo (SE) sequence and a fast spin-echo (FSE) sequence with a 1.5 T imager. With this background, the aim of this study was to examine the ability of MRI for early detection of concealed tissue injuries caused by high-voltage electrical burns, an entity not previously explored. Clinical use of MRI examinations in patients with high-voltage injuries admitted to the Burn Unit at Link?ping University Hospital, has resulted in the significant elucidation of the deeper tissue injuries that occur. The T2-weighted images provided substantial information about the localization and amount of muscle necrosis, thus enabling increased surgical precision in the treatment of these high-voltage injury victims. FSE sequences produce T2-weighted images with increased speed of acquisition and/or increased image resolution compared to conventional SE sequence. Two illustrative examples are provided.
|
['Adult', 'Burns, Electric', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscles', 'Necrosis', 'Skin']
| 8,634,117
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.200.239', 'C26.324.323'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['C23.550.717'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Lack of evidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection in patients with Castleman's disease. Molecular genetic analysis.
|
OBJECTIVE: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with a diverse group of malignancies and many lymphoproliferative disorders. Castleman's disease (CD) is atypical lymphoproliferative disorder. The role of EBV in the pathogenesis of CD is not clear yet. The objective of this study is to investigate the EBV status in CD.METHODS: We searched medical records for cases of CD at the Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada and King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Twenty cases were found. The presence of EBV was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction. Polymerase chain reaction were performed at the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Toronto General Hospital. The study started in 2001 and completed in 2005.RESULTS: The age range was 16-90 years. Seventeen patients manifested the localized form of CD. There were 11 males 9 females. Epstein-Barr virus genome was detected only in 2 cases; both were males and have plasma cell type. One is a localized type and the other is of a multicentric type. One patient revealed clonal rearrangement of the immunoglobulin H.CONCLUSION: The number of cases is small; however it appears that EBV is less likely to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CD; however, it seems to be associated with clonal progression.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Canada', 'Castleman Disease', 'Female', 'Herpesviridae Infections', 'Herpesvirus 4, Human', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymph Nodes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Molecular Biology', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Saudi Arabia', 'Tumor Virus Infections']
| 16,883,438
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.107.567.176'], ['C15.604.515.245', 'C20.683.515.250'], ['C01.925.256.466'], ['B04.280.210.400.500.450', 'B04.280.382.400.500.400', 'B04.613.204.500.500.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['A10.549.400', 'A15.382.520.604.412'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.158.201.636', 'H01.158.273.343.595', 'H01.181.122.650'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['Z01.252.245.500.750'], ['C01.925.928']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
In vivo reconstitution of gamma-secretase in Drosophila results in substrate specificity.
|
The intramembrane aspartyl protease gamma-secretase plays a fundamental role in several signaling pathways involved in cellular differentiation and has been linked with a variety of human diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Here, we describe a transgenic Drosophila model for in vivo-reconstituted gamma-secretase, based on expression of epitope-tagged versions of the four core gamma-secretase components, Presenilin, Nicastrin, Aph-1, and Pen-2. In agreement with previous cell culture and yeast studies, coexpression of these four components promotes the efficient assembly of mature, proteolytically active gamma-secretase. We demonstrate that in vivo-reconstituted gamma-secretase has biochemical properties and a subcellular distribution resembling those of endogenous gamma-secretase. However, analysis of the cleavage of alternative substrates in transgenic-fly assays revealed unexpected functional differences in the activity of reconstituted gamma-secretase toward different substrates, including markedly reduced cleavage of some APP family members compared to cleavage of the Notch receptor. These findings indicate that in vivo under physiological conditions, additional factors differentially modulate the activity of gamma-secretase toward its substrates. Thus, our approach for the first time demonstrates the overall functionality of reconstituted gamma-secretase in a multicellular organism and the requirement for substrate-specific factors for efficient in vivo cleavage of certain substrates.
|
['Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases', 'Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Humans', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Phenotype', 'Presenilins', 'Signal Transduction', 'Substrate Specificity']
| 20,421,416
|
[['D08.811.277.656.300.032'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G05.695'], ['D12.776.543.696'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hypertrophic lymphocytic gastritis with a gastric carcinoma.
|
Lymphocytic gastritis is a recently described gastric inflammation, characterized by an increased intraepithelial lymphocytic infiltrate mainly composed of T-lymphocytes. Endoscopically it correlates mainly with diffuse varioliform gastritis. M?n?trier's disease is a hypertrophic gastropathy with enlarged gastric folds. The histological picture is that of foveolar hyperplasia and glandular cysts of the mucosa. A few small series of lymphocytic gastritis with microscopic and endoscopic features of M?n?trier's disease have been published previously. We describe a similar case associated with a gastric adenocarcinoma.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Gastritis, Hypertrophic', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 9,831,277
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C06.405.205.697.410', 'C06.405.748.398.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of corticosteroids on dendritic development in the rat brain.
|
Sprague-Dawley rats were given 0.02 ml of methylprednisolone (0.06 g/g body wt) 6, 9, or 12 days postnatally. When compared with saline-treated controls, the following effects on dendritic development in layers 3 and 5 of the parietal cortex were observed: (1) no significant alteration in number of basal dendrites; (2) initial increase (at 3 wk of age) in branchings near the perikaryon in the group treated at 12 days; (3) decrease in number of branches at distances ?270 ìm from the perikaryon in layers 3 and 5 in all steroid-treated groups when sacrificed at 6 wk; (4) decrease in number of intersections in layer 5 in all steroid-treated groups when sacrificed at 6 wk; and (5) decrease in number of terminations in layers 3 and 5 in all steroid-treated groups when sacrificed at 6 wk.
|
['Animals', 'Dendrites', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Parietal Lobe', 'Pyramidal Tracts', 'Rats', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Time Factors']
| 4,446,628
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670'], ['A08.186.854.300', 'A08.612.380.730'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The mouse ovarian surface epithelium cells (MOSE) transformation induced by c-myc/K-ras in].
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the function of c-myc and K-ras in tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer.METHODS: K-ras and/or c-myc cDNAs were introduced into mouse ovarian surface epithelium cells (MOSE) using recombinant Moloney retroviral vectors. The resulting MOSE cells were studied by cell proliferation assays, the ability to form colonies in soft agarose, matrigel invasion assays and tumorigenicity assays in nude mice.RESULTS: K-ras and c-myc can be easily delivered to the normal MOSE cells by recombinant retroviruses. mRNA and protein of the target genes can be detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. Cell proliferation assays showed that MOSE-Ras cells and MOSE-RM cells (MOSE-Ras/Myc) grew more rapidly than parental cells (MOSE) and MOSE-Myc cells (P <0.01). In addtition, MOSE-RM cells grew more rapidly than MOSE-Ras cells (P <0. 05). Cell colony formation assays showed that while MOSE-Ras and MOSE-RM cells can form colonies in soft-agarose, the MOSE-Myc and MOSE cells did not. Matrigel invasion assays showed that MOSE-Ras and MOSE-RM cells have invasion ability, but not MOSE-Myc ascites and the control MOSE cells. Xenograft experiments showed that MOSE-Ras and MOSE-RM cells were able to form tumors in nude mice following intraperitoneal injection. Tumors were not observed in animals injected with either MOSE-Myc or MOSE cells.CONCLUSION: The recombinant Moloney retroviral system is a highly efficient and convenient method for introducing and expressing foreign genes in murine surface epithelial cell cultures. In this model, expression of K-ras alone is sufficient to generate tumorigenic MOSE, however expression of c-myc in conjunction with K-ras results in cells with a higher index of malignancy. Based on the assays described in this report, expression of c-myc alone can not transform MOSE cultures although it does play a role in cooperation with K-ras.
|
['Animals', 'Blotting, Western', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Female', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Oncogene Protein p21(ras)', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Ovary', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Retroviridae', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Transfection']
| 17,533,735
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300.400.500.300', 'D12.644.360.525.500.300', 'D12.776.157.325.515.500.300', 'D12.776.476.525.500.300', 'D12.776.624.664.520.750.710', 'D12.776.964.700.750.710', 'D12.776.964.775.750.710'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['D12.776.260.103.813', 'D12.776.624.664.700.189', 'D12.776.660.765', 'D12.776.930.125.813'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B04.613.807', 'B04.820.650'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Aluminum-induced degeneration of astrocytes occurs via apoptosis and results in neuronal death.
|
The mechanisms by which aluminum interacts with the nervous system are only partly understood. In this study, we used cultured astrocytes and neurons to investigate the effects of long exposures to aluminum (1 mM). We found that aluminum accumulated both in neurons and astrocytes. After 8-12 days exposure, aluminum caused strong changes in the morphology of astrocytes including shrinkage of cell bodies and retraction of processes. Exposures over 15-18 days reduced astrocytes viability by 50%. Aluminum-induced degeneration of astrocytes involved the DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis, and staining of aluminum-treated astrocytes with the DNA-binding fluorochrome Hoeschst 33258 revealed the typical apoptotic condensation and fragmentation of chromatin. Aluminum was also found to be neurotoxic, causing first (4-6 days) abnormal clustering and aggregation, and later (8-12 days) neuronal death. Interestingly, aluminum neurotoxicity occurred in neuroglial cultures containing approximately 10% astrocytes but not in near-pure neuronal cultures containing only 1% astrocytes. Staining of co-cultured cells with Hoeschst 33258 showed apoptotic condensation and fragmentation of chromatin in aluminum-treated astrocytes but not in co-cultured neurons. Our study demonstrates that aluminum can induce the apoptotic degeneration of astrocytes, and that this toxicity is critical in determining neuronal degeneration and death. Aluminum-mediated apoptosis of cultured astrocytes may be also a valuable model system to study the mechanisms underlying apoptosis in glial cells.
|
['Aluminum', 'Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Astrocytes', 'Cell Death', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coculture Techniques', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Nerve Degeneration', 'Neuroglia', 'Neurons', 'Rats']
| 10,415,367
|
[['D01.268.557.050', 'D01.552.547.050'], ['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['G04.146'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['G05.200.230'], ['C23.550.737'], ['A08.637', 'A11.650'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Intussusception in southern Indian children: lack of association with diarrheal disease and oral polio vaccine immunization.
|
BACKGROUND: Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in young children and has been reported as a complication of a recently withdrawn tetravalent reassortant rotavirus vaccine.METHODS: We studied the history, clinical presentation, management and outcome of intussusception presenting to a tertiary care hospital in southern India over a 10-year period, in order to assess potential association with diarrheal disease and immunization.RESULTS: Data from 137 index cases and 280 control subjects indicated that the risk of diarrheal disease or oral polio vaccine administration in the month prior to presentation was similar in the index cases and controls. Mean time to presentation to hospital after developing symptoms was 1.8 days, and 77.3% of patients required surgery, with 47.4% undergoing intestinal resection. Mortality was 0.006%.CONCLUSIONS: No association could be demonstrated between gastroenteritis or oral poliovirus vaccine immunization and intussusception in southern Indian children. These children presented later and required operative intervention more frequently than has been reported in other studies, but had a good outcome with low mortality.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Child Welfare', 'Child, Preschool', 'Diarrhea', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileal Diseases', 'Ileocecal Valve', 'Immunization', 'India', 'Infant', 'Infant Welfare', 'Intussusception', 'Male', 'Poliomyelitis', 'Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,839,377
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['I01.880.787.293'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C23.888.821.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.420'], ['A03.556.124.684.249.400', 'A03.556.249.124.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['M01.060.703'], ['I01.880.787.539'], ['C06.405.469.531.577'], ['C01.207.618.750', 'C01.925.782.687.359.764', 'C10.228.228.618.750', 'C10.228.854.525.850', 'C10.668.864'], ['D20.215.894.899.623.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Optimization of culture conditions for 1,3-propanediol production from glycerol using a mutant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
|
In the present work, mutant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae with deletions of the als gene encoding acetolactate synthase involved in synthesis of 2,3-butanediol, the ldhA gene encoding lactate dehydrogenase required for lactate synthesis, or both genes, were prepared. Production of 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD) from glycerol was enhanced in the ldhA mutant strain (ÄldhA), but lower in Äals or Äals ÄldhA mutant strains compared to the parent strain, concomitant with a reduction in the glycerol consumption rate, indicating that deletion of ldhA alone was useful to improve 1,3-PD production. Fed-batch fermentation analysis revealed that, in the ÄldhA mutant strain, 1,3-PD production was higher at low pH than at neutral pH; the reverse was true for the parent strain. Further optimization of culture conditions, by variation of aeration and glycerol feed rates, dramatically improved the production of 1,3-PD by the mutant strain. The maximum level attained was 102.7 g l(-1) of 1,3-PD from glycerol.
|
['Acetolactate Synthase', 'Batch Cell Culture Techniques', 'Butylene Glycols', 'Fermentation', 'Glycerol', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Klebsiella pneumoniae', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Mutation', 'Propylene Glycols']
| 22,072,138
|
[['D08.811.913.200.324', 'D12.776.331.049'], ['E05.481.500.249.124'], ['D02.033.455.125'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['G02.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.425.600', 'B03.660.250.150.400.590'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02.033.455.706']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.