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Preparation, structure, and electrochemistry of a polypyrrole film doped with manganese(III)-substituted Dawson-type phosphopolyoxotungstate.
|
The fabrication, structure, electrochemical properties, and electrocatalytic properties of a manganese(III)-substituted Dawson-type phosphopolyoxotungstate, alpha 2-K7P2W17O61(Mn3+.OH2).12H2O (P2W17Mn), entrapped in polypyrrole (PPy) film have been studied. The hybrid film was prepared by potentiostatic polymerization from aqueous solution containing 20 mM pyrrole (Py) and 2 mM P2W17Mn on a pyrolytic graphite (PG) surface. Chronoamperometry, Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry were used to monitor and characterize the growth, structure, and properties of the film. The chronoamperometric curve shows that P2W17Mn can catalyze the electrochemical polymerization of Py. The Raman spectrum suggests that the doped P2W17Mn has little effect on the structure of PPy film. The P2W17Mn/PPy film exhibits good voltammetric response in both the acidic aqueous and acetonitrile solutions. At pH 1.0, the molar ratio of pyrrole to P2W17Mn7- in the hybrid film is 21.1:1, quite close to the expected ratio of 21.2:1 for a PPy film with a +0.33 oxidation level per pyrrole moiety and doped with an anion with a charge of 7. The influence of solution pH on P2W17Mn7- in the film is much smaller than that in the aqueous solution. During the potential scanning in 0.1 M LiClO4 acetonitrile solution, P2W17Mn7- was slowly released from the hybrid film and electrolyte ions (Li+ and ClO4-) were inserted into the film. This was identified by cyclic voltammetry and UV-visible spectroscopy. Additionally, the hybrid film can effectively catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and nitrite.
|
['Anions', 'Biophysics', 'Catalysis', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Electrochemistry', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Manganese', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Nitrites', 'Pyrroles', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Spectrum Analysis, Raman', 'Tungsten Compounds', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 16,851,272
|
[['D01.248.497.158'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['G02.130'], ['H01.181.529'], ['H01.181.529.307'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['E05.196.822.860', 'E05.196.867.890'], ['D01.940'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
The immunogenicity of a modified intradermal pre-exposure rabies vaccination schedule--a case series of 420 travelers.
|
BACKGROUND: Current Australian recommendations for rabies pre-exposure vaccination involve the use of cell-culture-based rabies vaccines, which are administered via intramuscular (IM) or intradermal (ID) routes. ID vaccination is more affordable for travelers, but is only recommended if there is sufficient time to perform serology 2 to 3 weeks post-vaccination and confirm immunity prior to travel. We report the immunogenicity of a modified ID schedule that can be completed in less time than the standard ID schedule, and allow more travelers to be vaccinated prior to departure.METHODS: Travelers were offered a modified schedule if they were unable to afford standard IM vaccinations, and did not have time to complete a standard ID course. The modified schedule consisted of two ID injections of 0.1 mL of human diploid cell rabies vaccine administered on days 0 and 7, and serology was performed to determine immune status at a time between day 21 and 28.RESULTS: A total of 420 travelers aged between 10 and 65 years were vaccinated using the modified ID course. The overall seroconversion rate was 94.5%, with 397 travelers developing antibody levels of >0.5 IU/mL when tested at approximately 21 days post-vaccination.CONCLUSION: The modified ID schedule used in this case series was highly effective, had similar immunogenicity to the standard ID schedule, and should be considered in travelers who are unable to complete standard IM or standard ID courses of rabies vaccines.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Australia', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunization Schedule', 'Immunogenetics', 'Injections, Intradermal', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Rabies', 'Rabies Vaccines', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Travel', 'Vaccination', 'Young Adult']
| 21,896,096
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.470', 'E05.478.550.545'], ['H01.158.273.343.420'], ['E02.319.267.530.620.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C01.925.782.580.830.750'], ['D20.215.894.899.700'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I03.883'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Cationic biaryl 1,2,3-triazolyl peptidomimetic amphiphiles targeting Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile: Synthesis, antibacterial evaluation and an in vivo C. difficile infection model.
|
Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterial pathogen that causes severe gastrointestinal infection in humans. The current chemotherapeutic options are vastly inadequate, expensive and limited; this results in an exorbitant medical and financial burden. New, inexpensive chemotherapeutic treatments for C. difficile infection with improved efficacy are urgently needed. A streamlined synthetic pathway was developed to allow access to 38 novel mono- and di-cationic biaryl 1,2,3-triazolyl peptidomimetics with increased synthetic efficiency, aqueous solubility and enhanced antibacterial efficacy. The monocationic arginine derivative 28 was identified as a potent, Gram-positive selective antibacterial with MIC values of 4 ìg/mL against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and 8 ìg/mL against C. difficile. Furthermore, the dicationic bis-triazole analogue 50 was found to exhibit broad-spectrum activity with substantial Gram-negative efficacy against Acinetobacter baumannii (8 ìg/mL), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8 ìg/mL) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (16 ìg/mL); additionally, compound 50 displayed reduced haemolytic activity (<13%) in an in vitro haemolysis assay. Membrane-disruption assays were conducted on selected derivatives to confirm the membrane-active mechanism of action inherent to the synthesized amphiphilic compounds. A comparative solubility assay was developed and utilized to optimize the aqueous solubility of the compounds for in vivo studies. The biaryl peptidomimetics 28 and 67 were found to exhibit significant efficacy in an in vivo murine model of C. difficile infection by reducing the severity and slowing the onset of disease.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cations', 'Clostridioides difficile', 'Clostridium Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Peptidomimetics', 'Triazoles']
| 30,901,686
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D01.248.497.300'], ['B03.353.625.657.500'], ['C01.150.252.410.222'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D27.505.519.828'], ['D03.383.129.799']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of interoceptive awareness on functional connectivity in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
|
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by visceral hypersensitivity likely related to altered processing of sensory stimuli along the brain-gut axis. Previous neuroimaging studies demonstrated structural and functional alteration of several brain areas involved in bodily representation, e.g. the insula, in patients with IBS. By means of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) we searched for alteration of functional connectivity within the network involved in self-bodily consciousness. We found significant inverse correlation between hypochondriasis assessed through a clinical questionnaire and connectivity between posterior cingulate cortex and left supramarginal gyrus, extending into the adjacent superior temporal gyrus. Moreover, we observed a significant and positive correlation between a clinical questionnaire assessing interoception and connectivity between left anterior ventral insula and two clusters located in supramarginal gyrus bilaterally.Our findings highlight an "abnormal network synchrony" reflecting functional alteration, in the absence of structural and micro-structural changes, which might represent a possible therapeutic target for Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Awareness', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Interoception', 'Irritable Bowel Syndrome', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 27,704,405
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F02.463.188.150'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.465'], ['C06.405.469.158.272.608'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.612'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
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|
Subcutaneous use of a fast-acting insulin analog: an alternative treatment for pediatric patients with diabetic ketoacidosis.
|
OBJECTIVE: To look for technical simplification and economic efficiency in the treatment of pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) with subcutaneous use of the fast-acting insulin analog (lispro) and compare its use with regular intravenous insulin treatment.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: In this controlled clinical trial from June 2001 to June 2003, we randomized 60 episodes of DKA with a blood glucose level > or = 16.6 mmol/l (300 mg/dl), venous pH <7.3 and/or bicarbonate <15 mmol/l, or ketonuria greater than + +. Of the 60 episodes, 30 were treated with subcutaneous lispro (0.15 units/kg) given every 2 h (lispro group) and the other 30 cases received continuous intravenous regular insulin (0.1 unit x kg(-1) x h(-1); CIRI group). Volume deficit was repaired with 10-ml/kg aliquots of 0.9% sodium chloride. Laboratory monitoring included hourly bedside capillary glucose, venous blood gas, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and electrolytes. Plasma blood glucose levels were measured on admission, 2 h after admission, when capillary blood glucose reached < or = 13.8 mmol/l (250 mg/dl), and 6, 12, and 24 h thereafter.RESULTS: Capillary glucose levels decreased by 2.9 and 2.6 mmol x l(-1) x h(-1) in the lispro and CIRI groups, respectively, but blood glucose fluctuated at different time intervals. In the CIRI group, metabolic acidosis and ketosis resolved in the first 6-h period after capillary glucose reached 13.8 mmol/l, whereas in the lispro group, they resolved in the next 6-h interval; however, both groups met DKA recovery criteria without complications.CONCLUSIONS: DKA treatment with a subcutaneous fast-acting insulin analog represents a cost-effective and technically simplified procedure that precludes intensive care unit admission.
|
['Blood Glucose', 'Child', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetic Ketoacidosis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Lispro', 'Male', 'Patient Compliance']
| 16,043,723
|
[['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C18.452.076.176.652.500', 'C18.452.394.750.535', 'C19.246.099.812'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.400.500', 'D12.644.548.586.200.400.500'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Predictors of adherence to occlusion therapy 3 months after cataract extraction in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study.
|
BACKGROUND: Little information is available on factors that predict adherence to patching in infants. We evaluated data from the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, a randomized clinical trial of treatment for infants with unilateral congenital cataracts, to investigate factors associated with successful adherence to patching protocols.METHODS: In the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, patching was prescribed 1 hour daily per month of age until 8 months of age and 50% of waking hours thereafter. A centrally located staff member inquired about the patient's adherence to patching in a phone interview with the primary caregiver. Analyses used ÷(2) tests of independence and logistic regression to identify predictors of reported adherence and of achieving adherence rates of at least 75% ("good") and 90% ("excellent").RESULTS: A total of 104 caregivers provided data on patching 3 months after surgery, at which time 60% reported patching at least 75% of the prescribed time. Reported adherence was not associated with the type of treatment (P = 0.73) but was better in children with private insurance (P = 0.01) and for children with mothers reporting lower levels of parenting stress (P = 0.03).CONCLUSIONS: Most caregivers reported being able to adhere to prescribed patching shortly after extraction of a unilateral congenital cataract. The type of correction (intraocular lens vs contact lens) was not associated with the amount of patching achieved, whereas family socioeconomic status and maternal stress appeared to play a role.
|
['Amblyopia', 'Aphakia, Postcataract', 'Caregivers', 'Cataract', 'Cataract Extraction', 'Contact Lenses', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lens Implantation, Intraocular', 'Male', 'Patient Compliance', 'Sensory Deprivation', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Visual Acuity']
| 22,525,171
|
[['C10.228.140.055', 'C10.597.751.941.073', 'C11.966.073', 'C23.888.592.763.941.073'], ['C11.510.103.110'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['C11.510.245'], ['E04.540.825.249'], ['E07.632.500.276'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E04.540.825.600'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['F02.463.593.696'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In vivo and in vitro effects of microRNA-27a on proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through targeting of SFRP1 gene via Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway.
|
This study aims to explore the effects of microRNA-27a (miR-27a) targeting of SFRP1 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells through the regulation of Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway. BC and normal breast tissues were obtained from 396 female BC patients and 308 female patients with benign breast lesions respectively. Human normal mammary epithelial (MCF-10A) and BC cell lines (BT-20, MCF-7, T-47D and MDA-MB-231) were cultured. After cell transfection, BC cells were assigned to six groups: control, miR-27a mimics, miR-27a inhibitors, negative control (NC), si-SFRP1 and si-SFRP1 + miR-27a inhibitors groups. qRT-PCR assay and Western blot were employed to detect the expressions of miR-27a, SFRP1, Wnt, â-catenin and GSK3â. MTT assay, wound-healing test and Transwell assay were used to test cell proliferation, migration and invasion. BC tissues were found to have higher miR-27a expression and lower SFRP1 mRNA and protein expressions than MCF-10A cells and normal breast tissues. Compared with the control and NC groups, the miR-27a mimics and si-SFRP1 groups exhibited down-regulation of SFRP1, up-regulation of Wnt, â-catenin and GSK3â, and promotion of cell proliferation, migration and invasion. The miR-27a inhibitor group showed up-regulation of SFRP1 and inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in comparison to the miR-27a mimic group. The si-SFRP1 + miR-27a inhibitors group also exhibited up-regulation of SFRP1 and inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion in comparison to the si-SFRP1 group. miR-27a may activate the Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway by negatively regulating SFRP1 to promote the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells.
|
["3' Untranslated Regions", 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Blotting, Western', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'MCF-7 Cells', 'Membrane Proteins', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'RNA Interference', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway', 'beta Catenin']
| 28,099,945
|
[['D13.444.735.544.875.880', 'D13.444.735.790.878.880', 'G05.360.340.024.220.880.880', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.910.880'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G05.308.370'], ['D05.500.117.875.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625.500', 'D12.644.360.300.500.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875.500', 'D12.776.476.300.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['A11.251.210.190.630'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['G02.111.820.925', 'G04.835.925'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Chromosome localization of the genes for isocitrate dehydrogenase-1, isocitrate dehydrogenase-2, glutathione reductase, and phosphoglycerate kinase-1 in the American mink (Mustela vison).
|
Twenty-eight hybrid clones with different mink chromosomes were derived from the fusion of Chinese hamster and American mink (mustela vison) cells. This set of clones made it possible to assign the mink genes for isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (soluble) to chromosome 4, for isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 (mitochrondrial) to chromosome 10, for glutathione reductase to chromosome 6, and for phosphoglycerate kinase-1 to the X chromosome.
|
['Animals', 'Chromosome Mapping', 'Cricetinae', 'Cricetulus', 'Fibroblasts', 'Glutathione Reductase', 'Hybrid Cells', 'Isocitrate Dehydrogenase', 'Isoenzymes', 'Mink', 'Phosphoglycerate Kinase']
| 7,128,216
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.393.183'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.250'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D08.811.682.667.092'], ['A11.251.600'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.475'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.575.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.630.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vascular renin-angiotensin: a possible autocrine or paracrine system in control of vascular function.
|
Circulating angiotensin influences vascular tone via its receptors particularly at the precapillary vessels. In addition, an intrinsic renin-angiotensin system has been postulated to exist in vascular wall. In this study, we documented components of the renin-angiotensin system in cultured vascular smooth-muscle cells. These cells are capable of angiotensin formation. Approximately 50% of the angiotensin-generating activity is neutralized by a renin-specific antibody. Immunoaffinity-purified vascular renin has a pH optimum of 6.8 and a molecular weight of 38,000. The intracellular renin concentration increases fourfold when cultured in serum-free media for 48 h, suggesting physiological regulation by serum factor(s). Cultured vascular smooth-muscle cells also contain angiotensinogen and immunoreactive angiotensins. We postulate that these elements constitute an intrinsic system that exerts an autocrine or paracrine influence on local vascular function, including vascular tone.
|
['Angiotensin I', 'Angiotensin II', 'Angiotensinogen', 'Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dogs', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Kinetics', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Renin', 'Renin-Angiotensin System']
| 6,206,346
|
[['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D12.644.456.073.070', 'D12.644.861.020', 'D12.776.811.070', 'D12.776.872.020'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['G03.820', 'G09.330.380.813']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Metabolomic analysis of the plasma of patients with high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) using 1H NMR.
|
Upon rapid ascent to a high altitude, non-acclimatized individuals, although healthy, are highly prone to contracting high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). Early diagnosis is difficult and there is no reliable biomarker available. We used proton ((1)H) NMR metabolomics to profile the altered metabolic patterns of blood plasma from HAPE patients. The plasmas of ten patients with HAPE and ten individuals without HAPE were collected and compared using (1)H NMR spectroscopy. Data were evaluated with several multivariate statistical analyses, including the principal components, the orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant, and the orthogonal signal correction partial least-squares discriminant. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed a significant disparity between subjects with HAPE and those in the control group. Compared to the plasma of the controls, the HAPE patients had significant increases in valine, lysine, leucine, isoleucine, glycerol phosphoryl choline, glycine, glutamine, glutamic acid, creatinine, citrate, and methyl histidine. These were accompanied by decreases in á- and â-glucose, trimethylamine, and the metabolic products of lipids. The data demonstrate that metabolomics may be effective for the diagnosis of HAPE in the future, and can be used for further understanding HAPE pathogenesis.
|
['Adult', 'Altitude Sickness', 'Amino Acids', 'Blood Glucose', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Least-Squares Analysis', 'Lipoproteins', 'Male', 'Metabolomics', 'Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular', 'Plasma', 'Principal Component Analysis']
| 22,498,880
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C08.618.020'], ['D12.125'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['E05.318.740.750.400', 'N05.715.360.750.695.440', 'N06.850.520.830.750.400'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['H01.158.201.586', 'H01.158.273.180.599', 'H01.181.122.638'], ['E05.196.867.519.550'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['E05.318.740.562']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The shell region of the nucleus ovoidalis: a subdivision of the avian auditory thalamus.
|
The connectivity of a region surrounding the established thalamic auditory nuclei, n. ovoidalis (Ov) and n. semilunaris parovoidalis (SPO), was explored in the ring dove by using the anterograde tracers, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHAL) and biocytin, and the retrograde tracer, fluorogold. The Ov-SPO surround received a projection from a cell group along the interface of the auditory midbrain and the n. intercollicularis, as revealed with PHAL and biocytin, and was composed of neurons exhibiting a common morphology. These features and the presence of overlapping projections from different portions of the Ov-SPO surround suggest that this region comprises a functionally discrete area, which we term the Ov shell. Single unit recording within the shell established the existence of acoustically responsive units. Both PHAL and fluorogold labeling revealed a robust projection from the Ov shell to the caudomedial hypothalamus. Major telencephalic projections of the shell terminated within the ventral paleostriatal complex, "end-zones" of the field L, the caudomedial hyperstriatum ventrale, and regions immediately dorsal and lateral to the auditory neostriatum. Except for a portion of the shell bordering medial ovoidalis, PHAL injections into the shell also labeled fibers within the caudolateral neostriatum and along the lateral neostriatal rim. The connectivity of the Ov shell suggests that this region may integrate auditory pathways with brain regions associated with endocrine mediated behavior. In addition, the shell may constitute a source of converging input to several levels of central auditory pathways.
|
['Acoustic Stimulation', 'Animals', 'Auditory Pathways', 'Columbidae', 'Electrophysiology', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Hearing', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Hypothalamus', 'Lysine', 'Male', 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'Stilbamidines', 'Thalamic Nuclei']
| 1,430,319
|
[['E02.037', 'E02.190.888.030', 'E05.723.136'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.612.220.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.165.150'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['F02.830.816.263', 'G07.888.500', 'G11.561.790.263'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['D12.125.068.555', 'D12.125.095.647', 'D12.125.142.497'], ['D12.776.395.560.825', 'D12.776.503.499.750', 'D12.776.765.678.750'], ['D02.078.766', 'D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.550'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Production of platelet-activating factor by washed rabbit platelets.
|
Production of platelet-activating factor by washed rabbit platelets under stimulation with the ionophore A23187 was investigated utilizing two groups of platelet preparations. The first platelet preparation contained 0.03 +/- 0.02% contaminating white cells, while the second preparation contained 0.48 +/- 0.27% white cells. The latter preparation produced platelet-activating factor, mainly 1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 8.3 +/- 6.3 pmol (mean +/- standard deviation) with a range of 2.6 to 21.4 pmol (n = 9), followed by small quantities of 1-octadecenyl- and 1-octadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine. In contrast, there was no production of 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine by the former platelet preparation having 0.03% leukocytes. These quantitative analyses were carried out by the selected ion monitoring technique and it was concluded that it is necessary to consider the presence of contaminating white cells in studies on the production of platelet-activating factor by platelets.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Platelets', 'Calcimycin', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Phospholipids', 'Platelet Activating Factor', 'Rabbits']
| 3,934,305
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D03.633.100.221.173'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['D10.570.755'], ['D02.033.100.291.211.500', 'D02.092.063.291.211.500', 'D02.092.877.883.333.710', 'D02.675.276.232.710', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.985.910', 'D23.119.865', 'D23.469.050.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
ADHD and working memory: the impact of central executive deficits and exceeding storage/rehearsal capacity on observed inattentive behavior.
|
Inattentive behavior is considered a core and pervasive feature of ADHD; however, an alternative model challenges this premise and hypothesizes a functional relationship between working memory deficits and inattentive behavior. The current study investigated whether inattentive behavior in children with ADHD is functionally related to the domain-general central executive and/or subsidiary storage/rehearsal components of working memory. Objective observations of children's attentive behavior by independent observers were conducted while children with ADHD (n = 15) and typically developing children (n = 14) completed counterbalanced tasks that differentially manipulated central executive, phonological storage/rehearsal, and visuospatial storage/rehearsal demands. Results of latent variable and effect size confidence interval analyses revealed two conditions that completely accounted for the attentive behavior deficits in children with ADHD: (a) placing demands on central executive processing, the effect of which is evident under even low cognitive loads, and (b) exceeding storage/rehearsal capacity, which has similar effects on children with ADHD and typically developing children but occurs at lower cognitive loads for children with ADHD.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Attention', 'Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity', 'Child', 'Child Behavior', 'Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Models, Psychological', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Wechsler Scales']
| 19,787,447
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.625.094.150'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.179'], ['L01.453.245.945.200'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['E05.599.695'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['F04.711.141.493.822']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of salinomycin on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro.
|
Various hypotheses on the origin of cancer stem cells (CSCs) exist, including that CSCs develop from transformed human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC). Since the polyether antibiotic salinomycin selectively kills CSCs, the present study aims to elucidate the effects of salinomycin on normal hBMSC. The immunophenotype of hBMSC after salinomycin exposure was observed by flow cytometry. The multi-differentiation capacity of hBMSC was evaluated by Oil Red O and van Kossa staining. Cytotoxic effects of salinomycin were monitored by the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay. Furthermore, spheroid formation and migration capacity were assessed. There were no differences in the immunophenotype and multi-differentiation capacity of hBMSC induced by salinomycin treatment. Cytotoxic effects were observed at concentrations of 30 ìM and above. Neither the migration capability nor the ability to form spheroids was affected. Essential functional properties of hBMSC were unaffected by salinomycin. However, dose-dependent cytotoxicity effects could be observed. Overall, low dose salinomycin showed no negative effects on hBMSC. Since mesenchymal stem cells from various sources respond differently, further in vitro studies are needed to clarify the effect of salinomycin on tissue-specific stem cells.
|
['Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Shape', 'Cell Survival', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Humans', 'Immunophenotyping', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Pyrans']
| 23,410,960
|
[['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['G04.152'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.320'], ['G04.346'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.812.447', 'E05.200.812.447', 'E05.478.594.450'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['D03.383.663']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of the inhibitor complexes of cobalt carboxypeptidase A by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.
|
The metal coordination sphere of cobalt-substituted carboxypeptidase A and its complexes with inhibitors has been characterized by X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the EPR spectrum of cobalt carboxypeptidase and the g anisotropy are consistent with a distorted tetrahedral geometry for the cobalt ion. Complexes with L-phenylalanine, a competitive inhibitor of peptide hydrolysis, as well as other hydrophobic L-amino acids all exhibit very similar EPR spectra described by three g values that differ only slightly from that of the cobalt enzyme alone. In contrast, the EPR spectra observed for the cobalt enzyme complexes with 2-(mercaptoacetyl)-D-Phe, L-benzylsuccinate, and L-beta-phenyllactate all indicate an approximately axial symmetry of the cobalt atom in a moderately distorted tetrahedral metal environment. Phenylacetate, beta-phenylpropionate, and indole-3-acetate, which exhibit mixed modes of inhibition, yield EPR spectra indicative of multiple binding modes. The EPR spectrum of the putative 2:1 inhibitor to enzyme complex is more perturbed than that of the 1:1 complex. For beta-phenylpropionate, partially resolved hyperfine coupling (122 x 10(-4) cm-1) is observed on the g = 5.99 resonance, possibly indicating a stronger metal interaction for this binding mode. The structural basis for the observed EPR spectral perturbations is discussed with reference to the existing crystallographic kinetic and electronic absorption, nuclear magnetic resonance, and magnetic circular dichroic data.
|
['Carboxypeptidases', 'Carboxypeptidases A', 'Cobalt', 'Computer Simulation', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Kinetics', 'Ligands', 'Protein Binding', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 2,541,781
|
[['D08.811.277.656.350.245'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.245.250', 'D08.811.277.656.350.555.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.555.350'], ['D01.268.556.185', 'D01.268.956.155', 'D01.552.544.185'], ['L01.224.160'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isolated ventral pancreatitis in an alcoholic with pancreas divisum.
|
An alcoholic with no history of clinical pancreatitis was found to have pancreas divisum and marked changes of chronic pancreatitis isolated to the ventral pancreas. Pancreas divisum has been suggested to cause recurrent pancreatitis in some patients. Gross and histologic changes of pancreatitis in only the dorsal pancreas of surgically resected specimens from patients with pancreas divisum is thought to support the concept that obstruction at the minor papilla produces dorsal pancreatitis. Alternative explanations for the occurrence of segmental pancreatitis and the possible synergistic role of ethanol and bile are reviewed.
|
['Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde', 'Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatitis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Ultrasonography']
| 3,049,209
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['E01.370.350.700.715.200.200', 'E01.370.372.200.200', 'E01.370.372.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.160', 'E04.502.250.250.160'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.734'], ['C06.689.750'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Antimicrobial electrospun ultrafine fibers from zein containing eucalyptus essential oil/cyclodextrin inclusion complex.
|
The aim of this study was to produce ultrafine fibers from zein incorporated with a complex of eucalyptus essential oil (EEO) and â-cyclodextrin (â-CD) with antimicrobial properties by electrospinning technique. The EEO was characterized by chemical composition and antimicrobial tests against three Gram positive and four Gram negative bacteria. The inclusion complex (IC) was prepared with â-CD and EEO by co-precipitation technique and added at different concentrations in zein polymer solution using aqueous ethanol as solvent. The morphology, thermal properties, functional groups, and antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes and S. aureus of the ultrafine fibers were evaluated. The composite membranes containing 24% IC exhibited a greater reduction of growth as compared to the fibers without addition of IC. For L. monocytogenes the growth reduction was 28.5% and for S. aureus it was 24.3%. The electrospun IC-â-CD/EEO composite membranes are promising for use in antimicrobial applications, such as food packaging.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Electricity', 'Eucalyptus', 'Listeria monocytogenes', 'Membranes, Artificial', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Staphylococcus aureus', 'Zein', 'beta-Cyclodextrins']
| 28,652,153
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['G01.358.500.249'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.773.366'], ['B03.353.500.500.500', 'B03.510.100.500.500', 'B03.510.460.400.410.485.500'], ['D25.479', 'J01.637.051.479', 'J01.637.087.500'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D10.627.675'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100'], ['D12.776.765.433.500.750', 'D12.776.765.725.500.750'], ['D04.345.103.333', 'D09.301.915.400.375.333', 'D09.698.365.855.400.375.333']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bacteriophage lambda cro mutations: effects on activity and intracellular degradation.
|
Following random mutagenesis of the bacteriophage lambda cro gene, we have isolated missense mutations that affect approximately half of the 66 residue positions of Cro. About two-thirds of the mutations change residues involved in the maintenance of Cro structure and stability. The corresponding mutant proteins are severely degraded in the cell but often have specific activities near that of wild-type Cro. The remaining mutations affect residues involved in DNA binding. These mutant proteins are present at moderately reduced intracellular levels, but their specific activities are much lower than that of wild type.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacteriophage lambda', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Protein Conformation', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Transcription Factors', 'Viral Proteins', 'Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins']
| 2,947,238
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B04.123.150.800.230', 'B04.123.205.230', 'B04.280.090.800.230'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.964'], ['D12.776.964.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
ATM influences the efficiency of TCRâ rearrangement, subsequent TCRâ-dependent T cell development, and generation of the pre-selection TCRâ CDR3 repertoire.
|
Generation and resolution of DNA double-strand breaks is required to assemble antigen-specific receptors from the genes encoding V, D, and J gene segments during recombination. The present report investigates the requirement for ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase, a component of DNA double-strand break repair, during TCRâ recombination and in subsequent TCRâ-dependent repertoire generation and thymocyte development. CD4(-)CD8(-) double negative stage 2/3 thymocytes from ATM-deficient mice have both an increased frequency of cells with DNA break foci at TCRâ loci and reduced Vâ-DJâ rearrangement. Sequencing of TCRâ complementarity-determining region 3 demonstrates that ATM-deficient CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive thymocytes and peripheral T cells have altered processing of coding ends for both in-frame and out-of-frame TCRâ rearrangements, providing the unique demonstration that ATM deficiency alters the expressed TCRâ repertoire by a selection-independent mechanism. ATMKO thymi exhibit a partial developmental block in DN cells as they negotiate the â-selection checkpoint to become double negative stage 4 and CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes, resulting in reduced numbers of CD4(+)CD8(+) cells. Importantly, expression of a rearranged TCRâ transgene substantially reverses this defect in CD4(+)CD8(+) cells, directly linking a requirement for ATM during endogenous TCRâ rearrangement to subsequent TCRâ-dependent stages of development. These results demonstrate that ATM plays an important role in TCRâ rearrangement, generation of the TCRâ CDR3 repertoire, and efficient TCRâ-dependent T cell development.
|
['Animals', 'Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Complementarity Determining Regions', 'DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded', 'Gene Order', 'Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Thymocytes']
| 23,626,787
|
[['B01.050'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.097', 'D12.776.157.687.125', 'D12.776.660.720.125'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.644.541.500.650.500.180', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650.500.180', 'D12.776.124.486.485.797.180', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650.500.180', 'D12.776.124.790.651.797.180', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650.500.180', 'D12.776.377.715.548.797.180', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.300', 'G02.111.570.060.425.160'], ['G05.200.210.220'], ['G05.340'], ['G05.344.801.211', 'G12.500.287.211'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.816.824.825'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.360.800', 'A11.148.378.294.750.800', 'A11.872.378.294.750.800', 'A11.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The validity of self-report weight and height as a surrogate method for direct measurement.
|
Bland-Altman analysis used to determine the extent of bias, agreement, and precision between self-report and the "gold standard" of actual weight and height measurement revealed significant discrepancies between methods. Use of self-report data by health care providers and researchers should be made based on the clinical situation, patient safety, and research goals.
|
['Adolescent', 'African Americans', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Bias', 'Body Height', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Weight', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Self Report']
| 20,974,100
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['N05.715.350.150', 'N06.850.490.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prolonged postsynaptic changes in the sensorimotor cortex of the awake rabbit in response to stimulation of fibers of the white matter of the new cortex and the corpus callosum.
|
The postsynaptic changes in the focal potentials of the sensorimotor cortex of the awake rabbit was investigated in this study following tetanization of the corpus callosum and the white matter. Stimulation of these structures was carried out during testing. A prolonged (hour-long) increase in the amplitude of the responses was observed in some of the experiments following tetanization, as compared with the control prior tetanization. Just as long a decrease in the amplitude of the responses tested developed in a number of experiments in the posttetanic period. It was concluded that prolonged plastic changes can occur in different directions in the sensorimotor cortex of the awake rabbit.
|
['Animals', 'Corpus Callosum', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electrodes, Implanted', 'Motor Cortex', 'Nerve Fibers', 'Neuronal Plasticity', 'Rabbits', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Synapses']
| 8,332,241
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.800.750'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E07.305.250.319', 'E07.695.202'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.548', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.624'], ['A08.675.542', 'A11.671.501'], ['G11.561.638'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Long-term outcome of treating rheumatoid arthritis: results after 20 years.
|
Outcome of therapy, in terms of functional capacity, radiological measures of joint damage, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor, and mortality, was determined prospectively in 112 consecutive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients treated for 20 years at one centre, where a policy of active treatment was pursued with the use of gold, chloroquine, steroids, and, in resistant cases, penicillamine or cytotoxic drugs. By 20 years 35% were dead. Mortality was often attributable to RA. Function improved in the early years of treatment but declined considerably between 10 and 20 years. At 20 years 19% were severely disabled. Radiographs showed related evidence of increasing joint destruction. The ESR and rheumatoid factor levels changed little. Age, late presentation, and rheumatoid factor seropositivity at presentation were poor prognostic factors. The concept of "remission-inducing" drugs is fallacious. Early treatment may be advantageous, but the prognosis of RA is not good.
|
['Adult', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis']
| 2,883,443
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hydrogen-bonding interactions in 2-thiophen-3-ylmalonic acid.
|
Formation of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds in 2-thiophen-3-ylmalonic acid, the precursor of a polythiophene derivative bearing two carboxylic acid groups in the side chain, have been examined by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. Interactions found in the FTIR spectra recorded for the melted and solid states are in good agreement with results provided by MP2/6-31+G(d,p) calculations on monomers and dimers, respectively. Specifically, inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds were detected in the solid and melted states, respectively. Calculations on dimers stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds exclusively and by both intra- and intermolecular interactions indicated that the former structures are significantly more stable than the latter ones, which is fully consistent with experimental observations. On the other hand, intramolecular interactions in isolated monomers are favored in the melted state, which is dominated by a thermally driven entropic process.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Malonates', 'Models, Chemical', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Quantum Theory', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Thermodynamics', 'Thiophenes']
| 18,821,743
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['G02.282'], ['D02.241.081.337.540'], ['E05.599.495'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['G01.906'], ['D02.886.778', 'D03.383.903']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A Diagnostic Accuracy Meta-analysis of CT and MRI for the Evaluation of Small Bowel Crohn Disease.
|
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) in assessing small bowel (SB) Crohn disease (CD).MATERIALS AND METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, Karger, Web of Science, Wiley Online Library, and Springer for studies in which CT or MRI were evaluated to assess SB CD. Bivariate random effect meta-analytic methods were used to estimate pooled sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curves. Diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) in a per-patient-based analysis were estimated. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was also calculated to measure the diagnostic accuracy.RESULTS: Twenty-one studies involving 913 patients were included in this meta-analysis. There was no significant difference observed between modalities. The diagnostic performances (lnDOR) for CT and MRI also showed no significant difference. Subgroup analysis was performed for MR imaging (MR enteroclysis, MR enterography, and CT enterography). The diagnostic performances (lnDOR) for MR enteroclysis, MR enterography, and CT enterography did not show a significant difference among them. No significant difference was found between these techniques. Deeks funnel plot asymmetry test for publication bias showed that no significant publication bias was observed in this analysis.CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that both MRI and CT have high diagnostic accuracy in detecting SB CD. MRI has the potential to be the first-line radiation-free modality for SB CD imaging.
|
['Crohn Disease', 'Humans', 'Intestine, Small', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'ROC Curve', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 28,595,876
|
[['C06.405.205.731.500', 'C06.405.469.432.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Renal nerves are not necessary for onset or maintenance of DOC-salt hypertension in rats.
|
The effect of renal denervation on the onset and maintenance of mineralocorticoid-salt [deoxycorticosterone (DOC)-salt] hypertension was determined. A unilateral right nephrectomy was performed on all rats. Rats were divided into renal-denervated and sham-operated groups. All rats received 10 mg/wk of DOC pivalate and 0.9% saline to drink ad libitum. Renal denervation was repeated at 3-wk intervals to prevent renal nerve regeneration. Renal denervation had no effect on the onset or maintenance of DOC-salt hypertension. Hypertension developed over the same time course in both the renal-denervated and sham-operated rats regardless of the time frame of unilateral nephrectomy and renal denervation. Tail-cuff pressure measurements reached plateau levels of 187 +/- 5.7 mmHg in sham-operated and 183 +/- 4.6 mmHg in renal-denervated rats after 4 wk of DOC-salt administration. Mean arterial pressure averaged 197 +/- 10.3 mmHg in sham-operated and 200 +/- 7.9 mmHg in renal-denervated rats after 8 wk of treatment. Intact renal nerves are not necessary for the development or maintenance of DOC-salt hypertension in rats.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Weight', 'Denervation', 'Desoxycorticosterone', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Norepinephrine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Tail']
| 4,061,671
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['E04.525.210'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.339', 'D06.472.040.585.611'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A05.810.453'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['A13.895']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[How to reduce maternal mortality?].
|
Maternal mortality is still very high in developing countries. A large proportion of maternal deaths are due to delayed or substandard emergency obstetric care. There is an urgent need to develop and validate interventions designed to improve the management of obstetric complications. There is some experimental or quasi-experimental evidence supporting interventions that reduce delays in the treatment of obstetric emergencies in resource-poor settings. Most are community-based interventions that provide funds for transport and public education, or that improve the referral system and medical practices at the different levels of care. The most effective measures are facility-based review's of maternal deaths and near-misses, and referral interventions. More research is needed to understand precisely how these interventions improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Maternal Mortality', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', "Women's Health Services"]
| 24,313,010
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.500', 'N01.224.935.698.653', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.500', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['N02.421.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Application of high frequency color Doppler ultrasound in anterolateral thigh flap surgery].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of high frequency color Doppler ultrasound for detecting perforators in the anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap surgery.METHODS: Between February 2011 and July 2012, 8 patients underwent high frequency color Doppler ultrasound to detect the perforator anatomy before ALT flap surgery. There were 5 males and 3 females, aged 21-46 years (mean, 34 years). Defects were caused by excision of squamous cell carcinoma in 2 cases, by scalp avulsion in 2 cases, by soft tissue necrosis after neck trauma in 1 case, by excision of groin fibrosarcoma in 1 case, by excision of groin melanoma in 1 case, and by malformation of the face in 1 case. The defect size varied from 12 cm x 7 cm to 22 cm x 18 cm. The perforator with wider caliber, faster flow speed, and shorter intramuscular trajectory was selected, and the flap was designed according to the observed results, which size varied from 14 cm x 9 cm to 25 cm x 20 cm. The donnor sites were repaired by free skin graft.RESULTS: Totally, 19 perforators in the flap area were detected by high frequency color Doppler ultrasound, and 18 were identified during operation, with an accuracy rate of 94.7%. The point going out muscle, the travel and direction of perforators observed during operation were basically in accordance with those detected by high frequency color Doppler ultrasound. The other flaps survived, and obtained healing by first intention except 1 flap which had partial fat necrosis with healing by second intention. The skin graft at donor site survived. All patients followed up 4-16 months (mean, 8 months). The flaps had good color and texture.CONCLUSION: High frequency color Doppler ultrasound is a valuable imaging modality for the preoperative assessment of the vascular supply for ALT flap.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Graft Survival', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Preoperative Care', 'Scalp', 'Skin', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Soft Tissue Injuries', 'Surgical Flaps', 'Thigh', 'Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color', 'Young Adult']
| 23,596,685
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['A01.456.810'], ['A17.815'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['C26.808'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710'], ['A01.378.610.750'], ['E01.370.350.850.850.850.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tangential breast irradiation with or without internal mammary chain irradiation: results of a randomized trial.
|
UNLABELLED: A prospective randomized study was made of 270 patients with unilateral stage I or II invasive breast cancer treated by segmental resection, axillary dissection and radiation at the University Hospital of Tampere, Finland, between 1989 and 1991. The aim of the study was to determine whether there is any advantage or disadvantage if the internal mammary chains (IMC) are included in the radiation target volume. The medial and lateral two-field technique was used and the target volumes were determined randomly either to include the internal mammary chain (IMC-RT) or not (no-IMC-RT). The prevalence of radiation pneumonitis was 16% and there was no significant difference between the IMC- and no-IMC-groups (18 vs. 14%). Skin reactions were equal in both groups. Lung fibrosis was more common in the IMC-RT group.IN CONCLUSION: radiation of internal mammary chain after conservative surgery does not lead to an increase in clinically important skin or pulmonary complications. Whether it prevents recurrences or new primaries of the opposite breast is too early to say because of the short follow-up time.
|
['Breast Neoplasms', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases', 'Lymphatic Irradiation', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiodermatitis', 'Radiotherapy']
| 8,532,902
|
[['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E02.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381'], ['E02.815.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['C17.800.174.826', 'C26.733.804', 'G01.750.748.500.804'], ['E02.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Gas chromatographic analysis of fosfomycin in plasma for pharmacokinetic analysis.
|
An efficient method for gas chromatographic analysis of fosfomycin in plasma was developed for preliminary investigations of the bioavailability in poultry of 3 commercial complexes of fosfomycin: a levorotatory Ca(-) salt, a racemic Ca(+/-) salt, and a tromethamine (THAM) salt. The method was used to determine whether the less expensive racemic mixture would provide equivalent levels of fosfomycin in blood as the pure Ca(-) form and the THAM salt. The THAM salt, a more expensive product to market, was thought to have the greatest bioavailability. The assay is selective, sensitive, and applicable to pharmacokinetic analysis.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Biological Availability', 'Calcium', 'Chickens', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Fosfomycin', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Therapeutic Equivalency', 'Tromethamine']
| 10,367,380
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['D02.705.429.625'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G03.787.559', 'G07.690.725.898'], ['D02.033.455.706.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Sexual behaviour change associated with a college HIV course.
|
This study examined the effects of a multidisciplinary, multi-media college course, The HIV Pandemic and AIDS, on the knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of students. A quasi-experimental design was implemented using pre- and post-questionnaires administered to students enrolled in the course and to two control groups (N = 131) similar in age, gender, degree programme and class. At pre-testing, over 80% of students involved in relationships of four months or more reported having genital intercourse without a condom occasionally or frequently in the last year. Post-test results indicated HIV course participants changed more risk-related behaviours and felt less vulnerable to contracting HIV than the control group. Significant differences reported by course-enrolled students in comparison to the control group included discussing safe sex with a potential partner at a higher rate, becoming more selective about partners, and learning more about HIV. The dangers of presumed monogamy are discussed in relation to the transtheoretical model of change and the development of future HIV courses.
|
['Adult', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Curriculum', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Sexual Behavior', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 26,665,918
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F04.754.137'], ['I02.158'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.802'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alloxan-induced diabetes exacerbates coronary atherosclerosis and calcification in Ossabaw miniature swine with metabolic syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: There is a preponderance of evidence implicating diabetes with increased coronary artery disease (CAD) and calcification (CAC) in human patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS), but the effect of diabetes on CAD severity in animal models remains controversial. We investigated whether diabetes exacerbates CAD/CAC and intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) dysregulation in the clinically relevant Ossabaw miniature swine model of MetS.METHODS: Sixteen swine, eight with alloxan-induced diabetes, were fed a hypercaloric, atherogenic diet for 6 months. Alloxan-induced pancreatic beta cell damage was examined by immunohistochemical staining of insulin. The metabolic profile was confirmed by body weight, complete blood panel, intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT), and meal tolerance test. CAD severity was assessed with intravascular ultrasound and histology. [Ca2+]i handling in coronary smooth muscle (CSM) cells was assessed with fura-2 ratiometric imaging.RESULTS: Fasting and post-prandial blood glucose, total cholesterol, and serum triglycerides were elevated in MetS-diabetic swine. This group also exhibited hypoinsulinemia during IVGTT and less pancreatic beta cell mass when compared to lean and MetS-nondiabetic swine. IVUS analysis revealed that MetS-diabetic swine had greater percent wall coverage, percent plaque burden, and calcium index when compared to lean and MetS-nondiabetic swine. Fura-2 imaging of CSM [Ca2+]i revealed that MetS-nondiabetic swine exhibited increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ store release and Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels compared to lean swine. MetS-diabetic swine exhibited impaired Ca2+ efflux.CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes exacerbates coronary atherosclerosis and calcification in Ossabaw miniature swine with MetS, accompanied by progression of [Ca2+]i dysregulation in advanced CAD/CAC. These results recapitulate increased CAD in humans with diabetes and establish Ossabaw miniature swine as an animal model for future MetS/diabetes comorbidity studies.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Glucose', 'Calcinosis', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channels', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Disease Progression', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Insulin', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Muscle, Smooth', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Swine', 'Swine, Miniature', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 29,523,165
|
[['B01.050'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['C14.280.238'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['A02.633.570', 'A10.690.467'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880.399.800'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A novel SRY gene mutation c.266 A>T (p.E89V) in a 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis patient.
|
The SRY gene is considered as the key player in the male sexual differentiation and developmental pathway. SRY gene mutations account for ~15% of 46,XY disorders of sexual development patients, and majority of them resides within the HMG domain of the protein. In this study, we report a novel missense mutation within the HMG domain of SRY gene, and an A-to-T transition causes E89V amino acid substitution in a 15-year-old female patient with 46,XY karyotype and complete gonadal dysgenesis. Moreover, three-dimensional analysis of protein-DNA complex showed that the replacement of highly hydrophilic glutamic acid residue with a hydrophobic residue like valine would have an impact on the structure of protein. In conclusion, we identified a novel SRY mutation in a 46,XY female patient with complete gonadal dysgenesis, and based on the protein modelling, we propose that the identified mutation could impair normal function of the SRY protein.
|
['Adolescent', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XY', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Point Mutation', 'Sex-Determining Region Y Protein']
| 31,361,042
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['C12.706.316.096.687', 'C12.706.316.309.388', 'C13.351.875.253.096.687', 'C13.351.875.253.309.388', 'C16.131.939.316.096.687', 'C16.131.939.316.309.388', 'C19.391.119.096.687', 'C19.391.119.309.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.776.260.719.049', 'D12.776.660.235.400.750.049', 'D12.776.664.235.400.750.049', 'D12.776.930.823.049']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The tomato SlWRKY gene plays an important role in the regulation of defense responses in tobacco.
|
WRKY-type transcription factors are involved in multiple aspects of plant growth, development and stress responses. SlWRKY, a cDNA clone encoding a polypeptide of 552 amino acids and exhibiting the structural features of group I of WRKY protein family, was isolated from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Zhongshu No. 4) using the homologous cloning method. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis indicated that SlWRKY was up-regulated by salt and drought treatment in tomato seedlings. To investigate the biological roles of SlWRKY, we generated transgenic tobaccos overexpressing the SlWRKY and analyzed their responses to salt and drought stresses. Transgenic tobacco plants exhibited more vigorous growth than wild-type plants and display high tolerance to salt and drought stresses. In order to minimize oxidative damage, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were increased but EC and the MDA content were decreased in the transgenic tobacco leaves. Furthermore, it was observed that the SlWRKY proteins regulate the downstream genes and increased the expression of defense-related PR1 and PR2 genes. These results demonstrate that, SlWRKY plays an important role in responding to abiotic stress.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Droughts', 'Genes, Plant', 'Lycopersicon esculentum', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Salt Tolerance', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Tobacco', 'Transcription Factors']
| 23,036,198
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G16.500.175.781', 'G16.500.750.775.154', 'N06.230.100.230.150'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.322'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['G07.025.133.250', 'G07.775.813.500', 'G16.012.500.133.250'], ['G07.775'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.908.500.900'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Structural and biological characterization of Nattectin, a new C-type lectin from the venomous fish Thalassophryne nattereri.
|
Lectins are glycan-binding receptors that recognize glycan epitopes on foreign pathogens and in the host systems. They can be involved in functions that include innate immunity, development, immune regulation and homeostasis. Several lectins have been purified and characterized from fish species. In this work, using cation-exchange chromatography, a galactose-specific lectin belonging to the family of C-type lectins was isolated from the venom of the Brazilian venomous fish Thalassophryne nattereri. Nattectin is a basic, non-glycosilated, 15 kDa monomeric protein. It exhibits hemagglutination activity that is independent of Ca(2+). We also demonstrated a lectin activity for Nattectin in the innate immune system, especially in neutrophil mobilization in mice, indicating that marine organisms are source of immunomodulator agents.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Batrachoidiformes', 'Binding Sites', 'Calcium', 'Cell Movement', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Fish Venoms', 'Galactose', 'Hemagglutination Tests', 'Hindlimb', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Inflammation', 'Lectins, C-Type', 'Leukocytes', 'Matrix Metalloproteinases', 'Mice', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Sequence Analysis, Protein', 'Structural Homology, Protein']
| 21,396,978
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.039'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D20.888.370', 'D23.946.580.370', 'D23.946.833.370'], ['D09.947.875.359.377'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.050.375', 'E05.200.812.735.050.375', 'E05.478.594.760.050.375'], ['A13.473'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.564'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.776.503.280'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['E05.393.760.705'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.805', 'G02.111.810.200.820', 'G05.820']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The organization, control and coordination of measures for localization and liquidation of mass poultry loss and prevention of human diseases caused by avian flu in Ordynsk area of Novosibirsk region].
|
Materials on the organization, the control and to coordination of actions of services in carrying out of actions on localization and liquidation of the centers of a mass destruction of birds and preventive measures of people diseases by avian flu during the period from July, 21 till September, 18, 2005 are submitted. The basic actions which have been carried out by a territorial department, the quarantine of poultry excluding contact with wild birds, depopulation of a sick and suspicious birds on disease and disinfection in the foci of a mass case, including installation disinfection barriers, etc. As a result of spent actions the bird's mass destruction has been stopped, quarantine is taken off 10.11.2005. The conclusion is made, that due to carrying out sanitary-preventive and antiepidemic measures it is possible not only to locate, but also completely to liquidate a mass destruction of birds.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Birds', 'Child', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Disease Reservoirs', 'Disinfection', 'Humans', 'Influenza Vaccines', 'Orthomyxoviridae Infections', 'Poultry', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Quarantine', 'Siberia', 'Vaccination', 'Zoonoses']
| 16,981,501
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.171'], ['N06.850.290'], ['N06.850.520.203.250'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D20.215.894.899.302'], ['C01.925.782.620'], ['B01.050.050.116.625', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690', 'G07.203.300.600.750', 'J02.500.600.750'], ['C22.131.728'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['N06.850.780.200.725'], ['Z01.252.122.500.500'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890'], ['C01.973', 'C22.969']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Renal failure and progressive pancytopenia.
|
Hyperparathyroidism may be a precipitating factor to the development of myelofibrosis; however, this is extremely rare with only a few documented case reports of myelofibrosis caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism. We describe a case of a 24-year-old female who had a failed live donor renal transplant and secondary hyperparathyroidism. While on haemodialysis she became increasingly pancytopenic despite erythropoietin injections and adequate iron, vitamin B12 and folate replacement. Her secondary hyperparathyroidism evolved to tertiary hyperparathyroidism despite vitamin D supplementation and phosphate binders. In order to determine the cause of her pancytopenia, a bone marrow biopsy was performed that confirmed myelofibrosis due to her secondary hyperparathyroidism. Following a successful parathyroidectomy in a tertiary hospital, her pancytopenia resolved and she is now awaiting a second transplant.
|
['Bone Marrow', 'Female', 'Fibrosis', 'Humans', 'Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Pancytopenia', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Young Adult']
| 30,488,885
|
[['A15.382.216'], ['C23.550.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.642.355.480'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['C15.378.700'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A possible virus aetiology in outbreaks of food-poisoning from cockles.
|
In a series of outbreaks of food-poisoning associated with the consumption of cockles, no bacterial pathogens were demonstrable either in faeces of patients or in cockles. However, small round virus-like particles have been detected in a high proportion of the faecal specimens in three of the outbreaks. These particles are similar in size, morphological features and density to particles seen in outbreaks of winter vomiting and non-bacterial gastroenteritis although in preliminary tests they are serologically distinctive.
|
['Cesium', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'England', 'Feces', 'Foodborne Diseases', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Mollusca', 'Shellfish Poisoning', 'Viruses, Unclassified']
| 66,573
|
[['D01.268.549.125', 'D01.268.556.165', 'D01.552.528.160', 'D01.552.544.165'], ['N06.850.290'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['A12.459'], ['C25.723.415'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['B01.050.500.644'], ['C25.723.415.792'], ['B04.970']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Incidence and determinants of stillbirth among women who gave birth in Jimma University specialized hospital, Ethiopia.
|
Introduction: Worldwide approximately 2.7 million are stillborn, more than 98% of these occur in developing countries. To address the problem, incidence and determinants of stillbirth must be understood. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess incidence and determinants of stillbirth among women who gave birth in Jimma University specialized hospital.Methods: A cross-sectional study design among 413 mothers who gave birth in Jimma specialized hospital was employed. Study subjects were selected by systematic sampling technique from the list of women who gave birth in hospital in one month study period. Data were collected by using pretested and structured questionnaire. Data were edited, cleaned, coded, entered and analyzed using SPSS-20 statistical software. Univarate and bivariate (logistic regressions) analysis was employed.Results: The incidence rate of stillbirth in the Hospital during a month period was 8% or 80 per 1000 total births. The predictors that showed an independent close association with stillbirth were absence of complication (OR = 0.1, 95% CI (0.04-0.2)), referral from other health facility (OR = 0.3, 95% CI (0.1-0.7)), having antenatal care (OR = 0.3, 95% CI (0.1-0.7)) and normal vaginal delivery (OR = 0.2, 95% CI ( 0.1-0.8)).Conclusion: The incidence rate of stillbirths in our setting is high and the identified determinants were related to both ante-partum and intra-partum-period. Therefore, effort should be made to improve antenatal, obstetric services and delivery services in terms awareness, access, timing and referral system to emergency care and specialized service to reduce the number of stillbirths.
|
['Adult', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Delivery, Obstetric', 'Ethiopia', 'Female', 'Health Services Accessibility', 'Hospitals, University', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Logistic Models', 'Middle Aged', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Care', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Stillbirth', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 29,721,130
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E04.520.252'], ['Z01.058.290.120.310'], ['N04.590.374.350', 'N05.300.430'], ['N02.278.020.300.310', 'N02.278.421.639.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E02.760.786', 'N02.421.143.620.704', 'N02.421.585.786'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['C13.703.223.650', 'C23.550.260.585.630', 'G08.686.784.769.496.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Overexpression of the human 72 kDa heat shock protein in renal tubular cells confers resistance against oxidative injury and cisplatin toxicity.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that the 72-kDa heat shock protein (HSP72) can be induced in renal tubular cells by a variety of stress conditions, and suggested its cytoprotective function. We have tested this hypothesis directly by transfection studies.METHODS: LLC-PK1 cells (porcine renal tubular epithelial cells) were stably transfected with pBK-CMV or pBK-CMV containing the human HSP72 gene (pBK-CMV-HSP72). These cells were then treated with various concentrations of hydrogen peroxide or cisplatin. The cell viability and lytic cell damage were determined by the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and lactate dehydrogenase release assay.RESULTS: Immunoblot and immunocytochemical analyses showed the high level expression of HSP72 in LLC-PK1 cells transfected with pBK-CMV-HSP72. In addition, the expression of other major HSPs (HSP90, HSP73, HSP60 and HSP27) was not affected by transfection. LLC-PK1 cells overexpressing HSP72 were significantly more resistant to hydrogen peroxide and cisplatin treatments than control cells.CONCLUSION: These results indicate that overexpressed HSP72 plays a direct role in protecting renal tubular cells against oxidative injury and cisplatin toxicity.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cisplatin', 'HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Kidney Tubules', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Swine']
| 10,382,997
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251'], ['D01.210.375', 'D01.625.125', 'D01.710.100'], ['D12.776.580.216.375.202'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['A05.810.453.736.560'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluating the relationship between carisoprodol concentrations and meprobamate formation and inter-subject and intra-subject variability in urinary excretion data of pain patients.
|
Using urinary carisoprodol data from pain patients, our objectives were to determine the relationship between carisoprodol concentration and its conversion to meprobamate, and quantify the intra-subject and inter-subject variability in carisoprodol metabolism. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to quantitate carisoprodol and meprobamate concentrations in urine specimens. The log creatinine-corrected carisoprodol versus log creatinine-corrected meprobamate showed a marginal positive relationship (R(2) = 0.395), with a 29.1-fold variance between subjects at the mean carisoprodol concentration. The geometric mean carisoprodol and meprobamate urine concentrations were 0.519 ± 3.38 mg and 28.2 ± 2.34 mg analyte per gram creatinine, respectively. The log metabolic ratio (MR) versus log creatinine-corrected carisoprodol displayed a marginal positive correlation. A subpopulation of outliers with higher carisoprodol and lower meprobamate levels were considered poor metabolizers and represented 0.483% (n = 21) of the study population. Using a curve-fit mathematical model, we estimated 0.318% (n = 10) to be ultra-rapid metabolizers. The inter-subject population geometric standard deviation (SD) of the MR was 3.64. The intra-subject geometric median and mean SD of the MR were 1.60 (interquartile range: 1.28, 2.07) and 1.72 ± 1.60, respectively. Inter-subject variability was 2.27 times greater than the median intra-subject variability. With a better understanding of urine carisoprodol and meprobamate concentrations and variability, urine drug testing provides a useful monitoring reference for clinicians.
|
['Carisoprodol', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Chronic Pain', 'Drug Monitoring', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meprobamate', 'Models, Biological', 'Muscle Relaxants, Central', 'Reference Values', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Urinalysis']
| 22,511,696
|
[['D02.241.081.251.165'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['C23.888.592.612.274'], ['E01.370.520.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.081.251.510'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D27.505.696.510', 'D27.505.696.663.700.600', 'D27.505.954.427.525'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['E01.370.225.124.810', 'E01.370.390.810', 'E05.200.124.810']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Recurrent Cerebral Hemorrhage in Normal Pregnancy Secondary to Mycotic Pseudoaneurysms Related to Choriocarcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Choriocarcinoma coexisting with or after normal pregnancy is extremely rare. To our knowledge, our case report is the first time cerebral mycotic pseudoaneurysms from choriocarcinoma have been proven angiographically.CASE DESCRIPTION: A 38-week pregnant 26-year-old woman presented with an acute left frontal hemorrhage. She underwent emergency cesarean section, followed by hematoma evacuation and resection of what grossly appeared to be a medium-sized arteriovenous malformation at the time of surgery. Angiogram before and after resection showed no obvious vascular pathology. One month later, she returned with status epilepticus, and an acute parenchymal hematoma posterior to the surgical resection cavity was identified. Angiography showed a multilobulated pseudoaneurysm along the left middle cerebral artery. This was resected and found on histopathology to have choriocarcinoma within and around the blood vessels. Serum human chorionic gonadotrophin levels increased daily. Pan computed tomography showed a left lung lobular mass. The diagnosis was stage 4 World Health Organization score 9 high-risk metastatic choriocarcinoma requiring radiation followed by multiagent chemotherapy. Two weeks later, she had another seizure. An angiogram showed an unruptured pseudoaneurysm along the right posterior cerebral artery, which was embolized.CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic choriocarcinoma is rarely considered during a viable pregnancy but is almost always fatal if unrecognized. Early recognition enhances the chances of cure with chemotherapy. Arteriovenous malformations are typically considered in young women with intracerebral hemorrhages and have higher risk of rupture in pregnant women, but physicians should also be aware of metastatic choriocarcinoma and the development of mycotic aneurysms in peripartum women with intracerebral hemorrhages.
|
['Adult', 'Aneurysm, False', 'Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Cerebral Angiography', 'Cerebral Hemorrhage', 'Choriocarcinoma', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Aneurysm', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic', 'Recurrence', 'Uterine Neoplasms']
| 28,987,845
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C14.907.055.090'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['E01.370.350.578.937.180', 'E01.370.350.700.060.180', 'E01.370.350.700.560.180', 'E01.370.370.050.180', 'E01.370.376.537.750.180', 'E05.629.937.180'], ['C10.228.140.300.535.200', 'C14.907.253.573.200', 'C23.550.414.913.100'], ['C04.557.465.955.207', 'C04.557.470.200.025.455', 'C04.850.908.208', 'C13.703.720.949.208'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.510.600', 'C14.907.055.635', 'C14.907.253.560.300'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C04.850', 'C13.703.720'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['C04.588.945.418.948', 'C13.351.500.852.762', 'C13.351.937.418.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Changing bone marrow micro-environment during development of acute myeloid leukaemia in rats.
|
The Brown Norwegian rat transplanted with promyelocytic leukaemic cells (BNML) has been used as a model for human acute myeloid leukaemia. We have previously shown that both the blood supply to the bone marrow and the metabolic rate decrease in relation to the leukaemic development in these rats. Here we have investigated how the development and progression of this leukaemia affect oxygenation, pH and proliferation of normal and leukaemic cells in vivo. Bone marrow pH was measured by a needle electrode. Nitroimidazol-theophylline (NITP) was used to identify hypoxic cells, and we applied bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) to identify DNA replicating cells. The leukaemia progressed slowly until day 27 after which a rapid deterioration could be observed leading to severe changes over the following 5 d. In whole blood there was evidence of progressing metabolic acidosis. In bone marrow the fraction of leukaemic cells increased to > 90% and the pH dropped to about 6.5. The fraction of NITP+ cells increased to > 80% in bone marrow and to about 40% in blood. The fraction of BrdUrd+ cells was unchanged in blood, but decreased in bone marrow both for normal cells (from about 20% to 5%), and for leukaemic cells (from about 45% to 25%), evidently as a result of the severely changed microenvironment. In this study we have demonstrated in vivo the development of an acidic and hypoxic bone marrow hampering normal haemopoiesis during leukaemic growth. Our data support the notion of BNML as a valuable tool for studying leukaemogenesis.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Animals', 'Body Weight', 'Bone Marrow', 'Cell Cycle', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Leukemia, Myeloid', 'Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Seeding', 'Nitroimidazoles', 'Organ Size', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Radiation-Sensitizing Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred BN', 'Spleen', 'Theophylline']
| 9,695,960
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['B01.050'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['A15.382.216'], ['G04.144'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['G02.300'], ['C04.557.337.539'], ['C04.557.337.539.275.700'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['A03.620'], ['C04.697.650.830', 'C23.550.727.650.830'], ['D02.640.672', 'D03.383.129.308.658'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['G03.680'], ['D27.505.954.600'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.110', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.110'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Bacteriological sensitivity "in vitro" and therapeutic response (author's transl)].
|
After some general considerations on the validity of antibiograms as a therapeutic guide, three methods are described and analyzed. Bacterial chemosensitivity to antimicrobic drugs were tested by the following methods: diffusion, dilution and automized methods. Only when transferred into routine laboratory methods that would reveal the results of chemosensitivity in quantitative values will a valid guide to antimicrobic chemotherapy be possible. Expressing chemosensitive bacteria directly in values of minimum inhibiting concentrations would evaluate the pharmokinetic action of single chemotherapeutical agents in relation to infective organ or apparatus pathologies which limits the practical significance of posology. Unfortunately, the collaboration between the clinical bacteriologist and the chemoterapist is still a long way off because of technical and laboratory difficulties delineating the pharmokinetic aspects in the use of the many chemoterapeutical agents in man.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteria', 'Bacterial Infections', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Maternal-Fetal Exchange', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 555,523
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Profiling of the bacteria responsible for pyogenic liver abscess by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing.
|
Pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a severe disease with considerable mortality and is often polymicrobial. Understanding the pathogens that cause PLA is the basis for PLA treatment. Here, we profiled the bacterial composition in PLA fluid by pyrosequencing the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology to identify etiological agents of PLA and to provide information of their 16S rRNA sequences for application to DNA-based techniques in the hospital. Twenty patients with PLA who underwent percutaneous catheter drainage, abscess culture, and blood culture for isolates were included. Genomic DNAs from abscess fluids were subjected to polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing of the 16S rRNA gene with a 454 GS Junior System. The abscess and blood cultures were positive in nine (45%) and four (20%) patients, respectively. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene showed that 90% of the PLA fluid samples contained single or multiple genera of known bacteria such as Klebsiella, Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, Bacteroides, Prevotella, Peptostreptococcus, unassigned Enterobacteriaceae, and Dialister. Klebsiella was predominantly found in the PLA fluid samples. All samples that carried unassigned bacteria had 26.8% reads on average. We demonstrated that the occurrence of PLA was associated with eight known bacterial genera as well as unassigned bacteria and that 16S rRNA gene sequencing was more useful than conventional culture methods for accurate identification of bacterial pathogens from PLA.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bacteria', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Liver Abscess, Pyogenic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S']
| 24,871,976
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B03'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.830.025.020.455.730', 'C06.552.597.758'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D13.444.735.686.670']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Sex and PRNP genotype determination in preimplantation caprine embryos.
|
The objective of this study was to test the accuracy of genotype diagnosis after whole amplification of DNA extracted from biopsies obtained by trimming goat embryos and to evaluate the viability of biopsied embryos after vitrification/warming and transfer. Whole genome amplification (WGA) was performed using Multiple Displacement Amplification (MDA). Sex and prion protein (PRNP) genotypes were determined. Sex diagnosis was carried out by PCR amplification of ZFX/ZFY and Y chromosome-specific sequences. Prion protein genotype determination was performed on codons 142, 154, 211, 222 and 240. Embryos were collected at day 7 after oestrus and biopsied either immediately after collection (blastocysts and expanded blastocysts) or after 24 h of in vitro culture (compacted morulae). Biopsied embryos were frozen by vitrification. Vitrified whole embryos were kept as control. DNA of biopsies was extracted and amplified using MDA. Sex diagnosis was efficient for 97.4% of biopsies and PRNP genotyping was determined in 78.7% of biopsies. After embryo transfer, no significant difference was observed in kidding rate between biopsied and vitrified control embryos, whereas embryo survival rate was different between biopsied and whole vitrified embryos (p = 0.032). At birth, 100% of diagnosed sex and 98.2% of predetermined codons were correct. Offspring PRNP profiles were in agreement with parental genotype. Whole genome amplification with MDA kit coupled with sex diagnosis and PRNP genotype predetermination are very accurate techniques to genotype goat embryos before transfer. These novel results allow us to plan selection of scrapie-resistant genotypes and kid sex before transfer of cryopreserved embryo.
|
['Animals', 'Blastocyst', 'DNA', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Female', 'Genome', 'Genotype', 'Goats', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Rate', 'Prions', 'Sex Determination Analysis']
| 21,121,967
|
[['B01.050'], ['A16.254.500'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E02.875.800.500', 'E05.820.800.500'], ['G05.360.340'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.513'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.308.985.775', 'G08.686.705', 'N01.224.935.849', 'N06.850.505.400.975.775', 'N06.850.520.308.985.775'], ['D12.776.785'], ['E01.370.225.996', 'E05.200.996', 'E05.393.285.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cardiopulmonary Bypass Increases Plasma Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Only in First Stage Palliation of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Univentricular congenital heart defects require open-heart surgery soon after birth, and are associated with risk of brain injury and poor neurologic outcome.METHODS: This is a prospective, observational study on children undergoing cardiac surgery. Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), as an early marker of brain injury, was measured by ELISA at the end of anaesthesia induction, initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), the end of cooling, the end of rewarming, the end of CPB, and after protamine administration. We recorded clinical and surgical parameters to assess which CPB phase and clinical parameters were associated with a GFAP increase.RESULTS: We studied 13 children less than 50 months of age: 8 underwent Norwood or Damus-Kaye-Stansel palliation (group 1) and 5 underwent Fontan procedure (group 2). A GFAP increase was only observed in group 1, with the highest median value at the end of rewarming. No quantifiable levels of GFAP were measured at pre-bypass and the start of CPB stages in all patients. End of cooling and CPB-end GFAP, GFAP maximum value, and GFAP area under the curve all correlated with the CPB time spent at a cerebral regional saturation < 45% (P = 0.021, 0.028, 0.007, 0.021, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: Children with univentricular heart defects exhibit a CPB plasma-GFAP increase only after stage 1 palliation. The maximum GFAP increase occurred at the end of rewarming. Further studies are needed to identify which clinical or surgical parameter(s) could reflect a GFAP increase during surgery for congenital heart defects, and whether GFAP levels correlate with the neurologic outcome.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Cardiopulmonary Bypass', 'Child, Preschool', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein', 'Humans', 'Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Italy', 'Male', 'Palliative Care', 'Prognosis', 'Prospective Studies', 'Survival Rate']
| 26,481,085
|
[['D23.101'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['E04.292.413'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['D05.750.078.593.400', 'D12.776.220.475.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.240.400.625', 'C14.280.400.625', 'C16.131.240.400.625'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E02.760.666', 'N02.421.585.666'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Response of Soil Microbes to Vegetation Restoration in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas at Huaibei Coal Mine, China.
|
Vegetation restoration is an available way to ameliorate degraded lands. In order to study the response of soil microbes to vegetation restoration in coal mining subsidence areas, the composition and distribution of soil microbes were discussed through three plots: unsubsided area (CA), new subsided area (NSA), and old subsided area (OSA) with different vegetation restoration time in Huabei coal mine. Meanwhile, changes in soil catalase and urease activity were explored and the correlation between soil bacteria, fungi, and environmental factors was analysed. The results demonstrated that Nitrospira was the dominant bacteria in all areas sampled. Microorganisms in the 0-20 cm and 40-60 cm soil layers of OSA had the highest Simpson index, whereas the index in NSA was lowest (at all soil depths). The catalase activity in NSA was significantly higher than that in CA, and there was no significant difference in catalase activity with soil depth, while the urease activity declined gradually with increasing soil depth. The urease activity in the 20-60 cm soil layer of NSA and OSA was significantly higher than that of CA. Furthermore, the distribution of bacteria was mainly affected by soil organic matter, available potassium, available phosphorus, and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, whereas pH and catalase activity mainly affected fungal distribution. These results implied that soil catalase activity in NSA and urease activity in the 20-40 cm soil layer of NSA and OSA were significantly enhanced after vegetation restoration, and that long-term plant restoration could improve soil fertility and soil microbial community diversity in coal mining areas.
|
['Bacteria', 'China', 'Coal Mining', 'Environmental Restoration and Remediation', 'Fungi', 'Nitrogen', 'Phosphorus', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology']
| 31,108,967
|
[['B03'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['J01.576.655.875.500.500'], ['N06.230.080.600', 'N06.850.460.375'], ['B01.300'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Expression of serum BMP6 and hepcidin in cancer-related anemia.
|
Objective: To study the function of human bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP6) and hepcidin in cancer-related anemia.Methods: The levels of Hemoglobin (Hb), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), BMP6, hepcidin and ferritin (SF) were measured in 115 patients with solid tumors, who were divided into elevated CRP group and normal CRP group, and further divided into anemia subgroup and non-anemia subgroup according to the CRP level.Results: The prevalence of anemia was 53.9% in all patients. In the elevated CRP group, the levels of CRP, hepcidin and SF of the anemia subgroup were higher than the non-anemia subgroup (P < 0.05); the BMP6 levels had no difference between the subgroups (P > 0.05). In the normal CRP group, the BMP6 level in the anemia subgroup was higher than the non-anemia subgroup (P < 0.01); the CRP, hepcidin and SF levels showed no difference between the subgroups (P > 0.05). Among the 115 patients, CRP and SF were both positively correlated with hepcidin (P < 0.05), and CRP and hepcidin were negatively correlated with Hb (P < 0.05), while SF had no correlation with Hb (P > 0.05); BMP6 was negatively correlated with Hb (P < 0.05) while had no correlation with CRP, hepcidin and SF (P < 0.05).Conclusions: The occurrence of anemia in patients with elevated CRP is associated with hepcidin over-expression, while in patients with normal CRP is associated with BMP6 over-expression. We speculate BMP6 and hepcidin likely play different roles in the occurrence of cancer-related anemia.
|
['Aged', 'Anemia', 'Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6', 'Female', 'Hepcidins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasms']
| 32,153,255
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.071'], ['D12.644.276.954.200.600', 'D12.776.467.942.200.600', 'D23.529.942.200.600'], ['D12.776.494.249', 'D12.776.543.695.054.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca2+
|
Mitochondrial Ca2+ flux is crucial for the regulation of cell metabolism. Ca2+ entry to the mitochondrial matrix is mediated by VDAC1 and MCU with its regulatory molecules. We investigated hepatocytes isolated from conplastic C57BL/6NTac-mtNODLtJ mice (mtNOD) that differ from C57BL/6NTac mice (controls) by a point mutation in mitochondrial-encoded subunit 3 of cytochrome c oxidase, resulting in functional and morphological mitochondrial adaptations. Mice of both strains up to 12 months old were compared using mitochondrial GEM-GECO1 and cytosolic CAR-GECO1 expression to gain knowledge of age-dependent alterations of Ca2+ concentrations. In controls we observed a significant increase in glucose-induced cytosolic Ca2+ concentration with ageing, but only a minor elevation in mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration. Conversely, glucose-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration significantly declined with ageing in mtNOD mice, paralleled by a slight decrease in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. This was consistent with a significant reduction of the MICU1 to MCU expression ratio and a decline in MCUR1. Our results can best be explained in terms of the adaptation of Ca2+ concentrations to the mitochondrial network structure. In the fragmented mitochondrial network of ageing controls there is a need for high cytosolic Ca2+ influx, because only some of the isolated mitochondria are in direct contact with the endoplasmic reticulum. This is not important in the hyper-fused elongated mitochondrial network found in ageing mtNOD mice which facilitates rapid Ca2+ distribution over a large mitochondrial area.
|
['Adaptation, Biological', 'Aging', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Channels', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Calcium-Binding Proteins', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytosol', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Glucose', 'Hepatocytes', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Mutation']
| 31,377,553
|
[['G16.012'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.150', 'D12.776.543.550.450.150', 'D12.776.543.585.400.150'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['D12.776.157.125'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A11.436.348'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['D12.776.543.585.475', 'D12.776.575.750'], ['G05.365.590']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dose rate effect of gamma irradiation on phenolic compounds, polyphenol oxidase, and browning of mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus).
|
To enhance the shelf life of edible mature mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus, 2 kGy ionizing treatments were applied at two different dose rates: 4.5 kGy/h (I(-)) and 32 kGy/h (I(+)). Both I(+) and I(-) showed a 2 and 4 day shelf-life enhancement compared to the control (C). Before day 9, no significant difference (p>0.05) in L value was detected in irradiated mushrooms. However, after day 9, the highest observed L value (whiteness) was obtained for the mushrooms irradiated in I(-). Analyses of phenolic compounds revealed that mushrooms in I(-) contained more phenols than I(+) and C, the latter containing the lower level of phenols. The fluctuation of the precursors of glutaminyl-4-hydroxyaniline (GHB) was less in I(-) than in I(+). The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities of irradiated mushrooms, analyzed via catechol oxidase, dopa oxidase, and tyrosine hydroxylase substrates, were found to be significantly lowered (p = 0.05) compared to C, with a further decrease in I(+). Analyses of the enzymes indicated that PPO activity was lower in I(+), contrasting with its lower phenols concentration. The observation of mushrooms' cellular membranes, by electronic microscopy, revealed a better preserved integrity in I(-) than in I(+). It is thus assumed that the browning effect observed in I(+) was caused by both the decompartmentation of vacuolar phenol and the entry of molecular oxygen into the cell cytoplasm. The synergetic effect of the residual active PPO and the molecular oxygen, in contact with the phenols, allowed an increased oxidation rate and, therefore, a more pronounced browning I(+) than in I(-).
|
['Agaricales', 'Catechol Oxidase', 'Colorimetry', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Gamma Rays', 'Maillard Reaction', 'Phenols']
| 10,552,523
|
[['B01.300.179.100'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['G02.607.522'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Simultaneous dissolution profiles of two drugs in pharmaceutical formulations by an FIA manifold.
|
This article deals with the simultaneous determination of dissolution profiles of two drugs with overlapped spectra, present in the same pharmaceutical formulation. The official procedure for the dissolution profile is adapted to the continuous-flow methodology; the dissolution vessel is connected to an FIA manifold, in which the sample aliquots from the dissolution vessel are treated in order to adjust to the suitable pH and dilution degree to be monitored. The resulting solution is injected into the carrier stream, an acetic acid-acetate buffer at pH 4.3 and forced to the flow-cell of the spectrophotometer. The simultaneous determination of both profiles is based on the first derivative spectra and the zero-crossing mathematical procedure. The empirical profile of the curve is adjusted by regression using different approaches; the three-parameter plot method is selected. The analytical errors, when the concentration of one drug is very low or very high, are also checked. A binary mixture in commercially available formulations of solid oral administration of sulphametoxazole and trimethoprim is presented.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents', 'Flow Injection Analysis', 'Solubility', 'Sulfamethoxazole', 'Trimethoprim']
| 11,836,065
|
[['D27.505.954.122'], ['E05.196.460'], ['G02.805'], ['D02.065.884.725.867', 'D02.092.146.807.867', 'D02.886.590.700.725.867'], ['D03.383.742.906']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Hedgehog signalling is required for cell survival in Drosophila wing pouch cells.
|
An appropriate balance between cell survival and cell death is essential for correct pattern formation in the animal tissues and organs. Previous studies have shown that the short-range signalling molecule Hedgehog (Hh) is required for cell proliferation and pattern formation in the Drosophila central wing discs. Signal transduction by one of the Hh targets, the morphogen Decapentaplegic (Dpp), is required for not only cell proliferation, but also cell survival in the pouch cells. However, Hh function in cell survival and cell death has not been revealed. Here, we found that loss of Hh signal activity induces considerable Caspase-dependent cell death in the wing pouch cells, and this process was independent of both Dpp signalling and Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) signalling. Loss of Hh induced activation of the pro-apoptotic gene hid and inhibition of diap1. Therefore, we identified an important role of Hh signalling in cell survival during Drosophila wing development.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Biomarkers', 'Cell Survival', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gene Expression', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Hedgehog Proteins', 'JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases', 'RNA Interference', 'Signal Transduction', 'Wings, Animal']
| 28,900,135
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D23.101'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['D12.644.276.671', 'D12.776.467.671', 'D23.529.671'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.567.374', 'D12.644.360.450.340', 'D12.776.476.450.340'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['A13.395.823']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nutritional Assessment of Dialysis Patient with a Web-Based Tool Allows More Accurate Treatment of Malnutrition.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Regular assessment of nutritional status of dialysis patients is vital for preventing malnutrition and protein energy wasting. The aim of this clinical study was to analyze dietary intake of dialysis patients and to determine if it meets their nutritional needs.METHODS: Clinical study was conducted on 30 randomly selected dialysis patients in the dialysis department of the University Medical Centre Ljubljana. Nutritional interview was conducted unannounced five times over a period of three months with the 24-hour recall method. Results were analyzed with Prodi 6.6 Expert software. Body composition was measured with bioimpedance spectroscopy.RESULTS: Average caloric intake of 30 patients is 14.1 ± 4.7 kcal/kg body weight per day, average protein intake is 0.61 ± 0.19 g/kg body weight per day. The average BMI (body mass index) is 27.9 ± 4.4 kg/m2, the average LTI (lean tissue index) is 12.5 ± 3.1 kg/m2, the average FTI (fat tissue index) is 14.2 ± 5.7 kg/m2 and the average phase angle is 4.2 ± 1.0. Average calorie intake and protein intake are inadequate according to the dietary recommendations for dialysis patients. Anthropometric measurements indicate sarcopenic obesity.CONCLUSION: According to the aim of the study, we confirmed that caloric and protein intake of dialysis patients were inadequate according to their needs. Depending on the results of nutritional analysis and bioimpedance measurements, we have confirmed the presence of protein energy wasting among observed patients.
|
['Body Composition', 'Electric Impedance', 'Energy Intake', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Assessment', 'Nutritional Status', 'Protein-Energy Malnutrition', 'Renal Dialysis', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 30,864,367
|
[['G02.111.130', 'G03.180', 'G07.100.049'], ['G01.358.500.249.277.350'], ['G07.203.650.240.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.585', 'N05.715.360.300.560', 'N06.850.505.557', 'N06.850.520.308.585'], ['G07.203.650.650', 'N01.224.425.525'], ['C18.654.521.500.708.626'], ['E02.870.300', 'E02.912.800'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transcriptomic analysis of the impacts of ethinylestradiol (EE2) and its consequences for proliferative kidney disease outcome in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
|
Freshwater fish are threatened by the cumulative impact of multiple stressors. The purpose of this study was to unravel the molecular and organism level reactions of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, to the combined impact of two such stressors that occur in the natural habitat of salmonids. Fish were infected with either the myxozoan parasite, Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae, which causes proliferative kidney disease (PKD), or exposed to ethinylestradiol (EE2) an estrogenic endocrine disrupting compound, or to a combination of both (PKD ? EE2). PKD is a slow progressive chronic disease here we focused on a later time point (130-day post-infection (d.p.i.)) when parasite intensity in the fish kidney has already started to decrease. At 130 d.p.i., RNA-seq technology was applied to the posterior kidney, the main target organ for parasite development. This resulted with 280 (PKD), 14 (EE2) and 444 (PKD ? EE2) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) observed in the experimental groups. In fish exposed to the combination of stressors (PKD ? EE2), a number of pathways were regulated that were neither observed in the single stressor groups. Parasite infection, alone and in combination with EE2, only resulted in a low intensity immune response that negatively correlated with an upregulation of genes involved in a variety of metabolic and inflammation resolution processes. This could indicate a trade-off whereby the host increases investment in recovery/resolution processes over immune responses at a later stage of disease. When PKD infection took place under simultaneous exposure to EE2 (PKD ? EE2), parasite intensity decreased and pathological alterations in the posterior kidney were reduced in comparison to the PKD only condition. These findings suggest that EE2 modulated these response profiles in PKD infected fish, attenuating the disease impact on the fish.
|
['Animals', 'Ethinyl Estradiol', 'Fish Diseases', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Myxozoa', 'Oncorhynchus mykiss', 'Parasitic Diseases, Animal', 'Transcriptome']
| 31,004,835
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.568.291', 'D06.472.334.851.437.968.500'], ['C22.362'], ['G05.308'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['B01.050.500.308.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.817.750.825.580.600'], ['C01.610.701', 'C22.674'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[A record of procedures--its use and usefulness. Evaluation of a tool for general practitioners in Telemark].
|
A loose-leaf book of procedures has been published earlier. The aim of this evaluation was to study the use of this book in the county of Telemark, and the possible effect of the book on the quality of the letters notifying admission to hospital. A questionnaire has been sent twice to all general practitioners in Telemark. In addition, the medical directors of two hospital departments have evaluated the quality of the letters of admission before and after the distribution of the book. The results are interesting, and show that the book is widely used in the county of Telemark.
|
['Diagnosis', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Family Practice', 'Manuals as Topic', 'Medical Records', 'Norway', 'Therapeutics']
| 1,412,242
|
[['E01'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['H02.403.340.500'], ['L01.178.682.192.609', 'L01.178.820.500'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['E02']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A study of physician attitude on biofeedback.
|
A study of physician attitudes on biofeedback was conducted among members of the Harris County Medical Society, Harris County, Texas. The sample was drawn to match the proportionate representation in the society by speciality. Findings indicated that over 62% of the respondents had little knowledge of biofeedback, over 86% did not use biofeedback in their practice, 21.7% referred patients for biofeedback, and 47.1% were undecided whether insurance coverage should be provided. For specific disorders, adjunct treatment was the most recommended category for migraine and muscle contraction headaches, relaxation training for anxiety and tension, pain management, and essential hypertension. Responses were also analyzed by speciality category.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Biofeedback, Psychology', 'Epilepsy', 'Fecal Incontinence', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Medicine', 'Neuromuscular Diseases', 'Pain, Intractable', 'Raynaud Disease', 'Referral and Consultation', 'Relaxation Therapy', 'Specialization']
| 7,046,812
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['E02.190.525.123', 'F02.830.131', 'F04.754.137.301', 'F04.754.308.500'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['C06.405.469.860.300'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['H02.403'], ['C10.668'], ['C23.888.592.612.776'], ['C14.907.617.812'], ['N04.452.758.849'], ['E02.190.525.875', 'F04.754.137.750'], ['H02.811']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Apohemoglobin-haptoglobin complex attenuates the pathobiology of circulating acellular hemoglobin and heme.
|
Haptoglobin (Hp) is the plasma protein that binds and clears cell-free hemoglobin (Hb), whereas apohemoglobin (apoHb, i.e., Hb devoid of heme) can bind heme. Therefore, the apoHb-Hp protein complex should facilitate holoHb-apoHb áâ-dimer exchange and apoHb-heme intercalation. Thus, we hypothesized that apoHb-Hp could facilitate both Hb and heme clearance, which, if not alleviated, could have severe microcirculatory consequences. In this study, we characterized apoHb-Hp and Hb/heme ligand interactions and assessed their in vivo consequences. Hb exchange and heme binding with the apoHb-Hp complex was studied with transfer assays using size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV-visible spectrophotometry. Exchange/transfer experiments were conducted in guinea pigs dosed with Hb or heme-albumin followed by a challenge with equimolar amounts of apoHb-Hp. Finally, systemic and microcirculatory parameters were studied in hamsters instrumented with a dorsal window chamber via intravital microscopy. In vitro and in vivo Hb exchange and heme transfer experiments demonstrated proof-of-concept Hb/heme ligand transfer to apoHb-Hp. Dosing with the apoHb-Hp complex reversed Hb- and heme-induced systemic hypertension and microvascular vasoconstriction, reduced microvascular blood flow, and diminished functional capillary density. Therefore, this study highlights the apoHb-Hp complex as a novel therapeutic strategy to attenuate the adverse systemic and microvascular responses to intravascular Hb and heme exposure.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study highlights the apoHb-Hp complex as a novel therapeutic strategy to attenuate the adverse systemic and microvascular responses to intravascular Hb and heme exposure. In vitro and in vivo Hb exchange and heme transfer experiments demonstrated proof-of-concept Hb/heme ligand transfer to apoHb-Hp. The apoHb-Hp complex reverses Hb- and heme-induced systemic hypertension and microvascular vasoconstriction, preserves microvascular blood flow, and functional capillary density. In summary, the unique properties of the apoHb-Hp complex prevent adverse systemic and microvascular responses to Hb and heme-albumin exposure and introduce a novel therapeutic approach to facilitate simultaneous removal of extracellular Hb and heme.
|
['Animals', 'Apoproteins', 'Blood Transfusion', 'Cricetinae', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Haptoglobins', 'Heme', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Mesocricetus', 'Microcirculation', 'Protein Binding', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 32,302,494
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.070'], ['E02.095.135'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['D12.776.124.050.300', 'D12.776.124.790.106.394', 'D12.776.377.715.085.394', 'D12.776.395.560.373'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.500.640.587', 'D03.633.400.909.500.640.587', 'D04.345.783.500.640.587', 'D23.767.727.640.587'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Anteromedial versus central single-bundle graft position: which anatomic graft position to choose?
|
PURPOSE: To compare the time-zero stability of an anatomic anteromedial (AM) single-bundle ACL reconstruction to an anatomic central (CTR) single-bundle ACL reconstruction.METHODS: Twelve (6 paired) hip to knee cadaveric specimens were studied. Using custom ACL computer navigation software, a Lachman test and a previously validated, navigated mechanized pivot shift test were performed on 4 separate experimental groups in each specimen: (1) intact ACL, (2) ACL deficient with total medial and lateral meniscectomy, (3) following anatomic AM single-bundle ACL reconstruction, and (4) after anatomic CTR single-bundle ACL reconstruction. Maximum anterior tibial translation in each group was measured.RESULTS: Lachman: No significant difference was observed between the AM and CTR reconstructions (n.s.) or between reconstruction and the intact ACL (3.4 ± 1.7 mm) (n.s.). Pivot Shift: Both the AM and CTR ACL reconstructions significantly reduced anterior translation relative to the ACL/menisci-deficient condition (lateral compartment: 8.9 ± 3.8 mm and 6.75 ± 4.6 mm vs. 17.25 ± 3.5 mm, respectively; P < 0.001 and medial compartment: -3.0 ± 5.3 mm vs. -3.7 ± 5.7 mm vs. 6.2 ± 6.7 mm, P < 0.05). There was also a significant difference between the AM (P < 0.001) and CTR (P < 0.05) ACL reconstructions and the intact ACL (2.8 ± 4.4 mm) for lateral compartment translation. Further, no difference was found between lateral or medial compartment translations in the AM versus CTR reconstructions (n.s.).CONCLUSIONS: It has been shown that there was no difference in the time-zero biomechanical stability between an anatomic anteromedial and anatomic central single-bundle ACL reconstruction. Given the current debate on the best anatomic ACL reconstruction technique, anatomic socket position in either the anteromedial or central locations provides similar time-zero biomechanics.
|
['Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cadaver', 'Humans', 'Knee Joint', 'Menisci, Tibial', 'Tendons']
| 22,057,352
|
[['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['E04.555.110.026', 'E04.680.101.026'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['A02.165.308.538.500', 'A02.835.583.475.590', 'A10.165.382.350.163.500'], ['A02.880']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Reiter's syndrome in uremia: report of a case.
|
A 35-year-old male uremic patient developed the classical presentation of Reiter's syndrome after 3 years of regular hemodialysis. He had painful swelling of the left knee, sacroilitis, urethritis, balanitis, painless oral ulcers, acute uveitis and positive HLA-B27. Disease activity persisted and was aggravated although immune function studies showed depressed cellular immunity. The clinical course of this patient seemed to contradict our belief that activity of immunologically mediated disease will abate after uremia, but it concurred with the report that Reiter's activity was unchanged in AIDS despite the significant immunodeficiency of AIDS patients.
|
['Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome', 'Adult', 'Arthritis, Reactive', 'Humans', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Male', 'Uremia']
| 2,769,218
|
[['C01.221.250.875.040', 'C01.221.812.640.400.040', 'C01.778.640.400.040', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400.040', 'C01.925.813.400.040', 'C01.925.839.040', 'C20.673.480.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.100.500', 'C05.116.900.853.625.800.637', 'C05.550.114.099.500', 'C05.550.114.865.800.637'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.535.425'], ['C12.777.419.936', 'C13.351.968.419.936']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mammalian sperm contain a Ca(2+)-sensitive phospholipase C activity that can generate InsP(3) from PIP(2) associated with intracellular organelles.
|
We have previously described a phospholipase C (PLC) activity in mammalian sperm cytosolic extracts. Here we have examined the Ca(2+) dependency of the enzyme, whether there is enough in a single sperm to account for Ca(2+) release at fertilization, and finally where in the egg is the phosphatidyl 4,5-bisphosphate, the substrate for the enzyme. As for all PLCs examined so far in vitro, we found that the boar sperm PLC activity was Ca(2+) dependent. Specific activity increased when free Ca(2+) levels were micromolar. However, even at nanomolar free Ca(2+) concentration the boar sperm PLC activity was considerable, being two orders of magnitude greater than PLC activities in other tissues. We calculated that PLC activity of a single boar sperm in a mammalian egg is enough to generate 400 nM inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP(3)) in 1 min, which may be sufficient to account for the observed Ca(2+) changes in an egg at fertilization. We fractionated sea urchin egg homogenate and examined the ability of boar sperm extract to generate InsP(3) from these fractions. The sperm PLC activity triggered InsP(3) production from a PIP(2)-enriched nonmicrosomal egg compartment that contained yolk platelets. We propose that this sperm PLC activity, which is active at nanomolar Ca(2+) levels and hydrolyzes PIP(2) from intracellular membranes, could be involved in the Ca(2+) changes observed at fertilization.
|
['Aniline Compounds', 'Animals', 'Biological Factors', 'Calcium', 'Calcium Signaling', 'Cell Extracts', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Oocytes', 'Organelles', 'Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate', 'Sea Urchins', 'Spermatozoa', 'Swine', 'Type C Phospholipases', 'Xanthenes']
| 11,087,632
|
[['D02.092.146'], ['B01.050'], ['D23'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G02.111.820.800.100', 'G03.143.500.100', 'G04.835.800.100'], ['D20.777.162'], ['E05.242.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.033.800.519.400.350', 'D09.853.519.400.350', 'D09.894.480.350'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.942.625.900'], ['B01.050.500.408.578'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.700'], ['D03.633.300.953']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of impaired testosterone metabolism during prenatal ontogenesis on the level of anxiety and behavior of rats in a novel environment.
|
The effects of administration of the aromatase inhibitor 1,4,6-androstatrien-3.17-dione (ATD) to female rats during the last third of pregnancy on the formation of behavior of offspring of both genders in a novel environment were studied. Animal behavior was assessed in the open field and elevated cross maze tests. Inhibition of testosterone aromatization during the prenatal period of development resulted in increases in anxiety and emotionality in experimental rats at age one month; increases in these measures in adult animals were seen in both males and females exposed to prenatal ATD. Intergender differences between control males and experimental females, in terms of behavioral measures in the novel environment such as motor activity, the duration of the freezing and grooming reactions, as well as well the level of anxiety, disappeared. It is concluded that impairment of testosterone metabolism during the prenatal period of development affects the formation of the behavior of rats in a novel environment as determined by genetic gender.
|
['Androstatrienes', 'Animals', 'Anxiety', 'Aromatase Inhibitors', 'Brain', 'Emotions', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Female', 'Male', 'Organogenesis', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Sex Differentiation', 'Sex Factors', 'Testosterone']
| 17,505,792
|
[['D04.210.500.054.079.229'], ['B01.050'], ['F01.470.132'], ['D27.505.519.389.870.300', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327.149', 'D27.505.696.399.450.855.300'], ['A08.186.211'], ['F01.470'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['G07.345.500.325.377', 'G08.686.784.170.450'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.843', 'G07.345.750.500', 'G08.686.841.500'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Endocytic pathway is required for Drosophila Toll innate immune signaling.
|
The Toll signaling pathway is required for the innate immune response against fungi and Gram-positive bacteria in Drosophila. Here we show that the endosomal proteins Myopic (Mop) and Hepatocyte growth factor-regulated tyrosine kinase substrate (Hrs) are required for the activation of the Toll signaling pathway. This requirement is observed in cultured cells and in flies, and epistasis experiments show that the Mop protein functions upstream of the MyD88 adaptor and the Pelle kinase. Mop and Hrs, which are critical components of the ESCRT-0 endocytosis complex, colocalize with the Toll receptor in endosomes. We conclude that endocytosis is required for the activation of the Toll signaling pathway.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Drosophila melanogaster', 'Endocytosis', 'Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Phosphoproteins', 'Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases', 'RNA Interference', 'Signal Transduction', 'Toll-Like Receptors']
| 20,404,143
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250.500'], ['G04.417'], ['D05.500.199', 'D12.776.543.990.493'], ['G12.450.564'], ['D12.776.744'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.775'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Putative glucosensing property in rat and human activated microglia.
|
Microglial cells involved in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative diseases acquire the features of cytotoxic and phagocytic cells in response to certain pathogens and inflammatory signals. K(ATP) channels are energy sensors of ATP availability that link the cell's metabolic state to its membrane excitability. In pancreatic beta cells, they promote glucose-dependent insulin secretion, and in neurones, hyperpolarization that protects against hypoxic damage. This study analyses activated microglia in an in vivo rat neurodegenerative model based on acute hippocampal glutamate receptor overactivation and in postmortem samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease. We demonstrate that in activated microglia the K(ATP) channel components SUR-1 or SUR-2 are present together with glucokinase. Our results indicate that, according to glucose availability, these channels may modify microglia membrane potential. The functional relevance of these channels is seen as a new mechanism modulating the effects of external signals on microglia.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Glucokinase', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microglia', 'Neurodegenerative Diseases', 'Potassium Channels', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley']
| 15,350,960
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.250'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.637.400', 'A11.650.400'], ['C10.574'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Rectal and Urethral Sexually Transmitted Infections From Self-Collected Samples Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men Participating in the Keep It Up! 2.0 Randomized Controlled Trial.
|
BACKGROUND: Despite recommendations that sexually active men who have sex with men be regularly tested for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and that testing reflect anatomical sites of potential exposure, regular testing is not widely performed, especially for rectal STIs. As such, little is known about the prevalence of rectal and urethral STIs among young men who have sex with men (YMSM).METHODS: The current study examined the prevalence and risk factors for rectal and urethral chlamydia and gonorrhea in a sample of 1113 YMSM ages 18 to 29 years (mean, 24.07 years). Before participating in a randomized controlled trial for an online human immunodeficiency virus prevention program (Keep It Up! 2.0), participants completed self-report measures and self-collected urine and rectal samples. Participants mailed samples to a laboratory for nucleic acid amplification testing. Viability of self-collected samples was examined as a potential method to increase STI screening for MSM without access to STI testing clinics.RESULTS: Results indicated that 15.1% of participants tested positive for an STI, 13.0% for a rectal STI, 3.4% for a urethral STI, and 1.2% for both rectal and urethral STIs. Rectal chlamydia was significantly more common (8.8%) than rectal gonorrhea (5.0%). Rectal STIs were higher among black YMSM compared with white YMSM. Additionally, rectal STIs were positively associated with condomless receptive anal sex with casual partners.CONCLUSIONS: Findings call attention to the need for health care providers to test YMSM for rectal STIs. This study also demonstrates the viability of including self-collected samples for STI testing in an eHealth program.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Chlamydia Infections', 'Gonorrhea', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prevalence', 'Rectal Diseases', 'Rectum', 'Risk Factors', 'Sexually Transmitted Diseases', 'Specimen Handling', 'Urethra', 'Urethral Diseases', 'Young Adult']
| 28,703,727
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.150.252.400.210.125', 'C01.150.252.734.301', 'C01.221.812.281.301', 'C01.778.281.301', 'C12.294.668.281.301', 'C13.351.500.711.281.301'], ['C01.150.252.400.625.275', 'C01.150.252.734.401', 'C01.221.812.281.401', 'C01.778.281.401', 'C12.294.668.281.401', 'C13.351.500.711.281.401'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C06.405.469.860'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C01.221.812', 'C01.778', 'C12.294.668', 'C13.351.500.711', 'C23.550.291.531.937'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876'], ['C12.777.767', 'C13.351.968.767'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mechanical signaling in a pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell monolayer.
|
The mechanical microenvironment of an endothelial cell includes a stable protein scaffold on the basal side, flowing blood on the apical side and contractile cells on the lateral sides. Interaction with the protein scaffold and flowing blood modulates the ability of endothelial cells to migrate, align and maintain barrier function. Interaction with neighbors provides the endothelial monolayer unique "collective" properties. However, the nature of local mechanical signaling - i.e., the local functional consequence of a cell interacting with its contractile neighbors - remains unclear. Using an advancing sheet of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells, here we examine the mechanical properties of an individual cell and its neighboring region. By combining Monolayer Stress Microscopy (MSM) with a novel analysis, we assessed several mechanical properties of an individual cell and its neighboring region. Across the monolayer, mechanical properties of the neighboring region defined multicellular "subdivisions" wherein constituent cells were exposed to a similar mechanical microenvironment. Adjacent subdivisions were separated by a narrow interface where adjoining cells were exposed to remarkably different mechanical microenvironments. Comparison of temporal fluctuations in mechanical properties of individual cells and those of their neighboring regions suggested three distinct intercellular mechanical signaling processes. These processes indicated that change in size, shape and speed of individual cells is associated with change in contractile forces in their neighboring regions. In summary, we present a novel approach to assess the mechanical interactions of individual cells with their contractile neighbors and identify potential functional consequences of such interactions.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Lung', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Rats', 'Signal Transduction', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 31,514,994
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A11.436.275'], ['A04.411'], ['G09.330.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ornithine decarboxylase activity of L929 cells after exposure to continuous wave or 50 Hz modulated radiofrequency radiation--a replication study.
|
A replication study with some extensions was made to confirm enhancement of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in murine L929 fibroblasts after radiofrequency (RF) field exposure reported in earlier studies. L929 cells purchased from two cell banks were exposed for 2, 8, or 24 h to continuous wave or DAMPS (burst modulated at 50 Hz, with 33% duty cycle) signals at specific absorption rate (SAR) levels of 2.5 or 6.0 W/kg. Exposures were carried out in Crawford and waveguide chambers, at frequencies 835 and 872 MHz, respectively. The results did not confirm findings of previous studies reporting increased ODC activity in RF-exposed cells. When Crawford cell exposure system was used, ODC activity was either not affected (in the case of 8 or 24 h exposures) or decreased after 2 h exposure at the highest SAR level (6 W/kg). The decrease was most pronounced when cooling with air flow was not used, and is most likely related to increased temperature. The minor methodological differences (use of antibiotics, increased sensitivity of ODC assay) are not likely to explain the inconsistency of the findings of the present and previous studies. Different results were obtained in experiments with the waveguide system that involves more efficient temperature control. In this exposure system, ODC activity was increased after 8 h exposure at 6 W/kg. Further studies are warranted to explore whether this finding reflects a true non-thermal effect. The present study did not provide evidence for modulation-specific effects reported in earlier studies.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Electricity', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Fibroblasts', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Mice', 'Ornithine Decarboxylase', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radio Waves', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 17,508,405
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['G01.358.500.249'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['A11.329.228'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.520.224.125.425'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['G01.358.500.505.810', 'G01.750.250.810', 'G01.750.770.721'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Improving needle visualization by novice residents during an in-plane ultrasound nerve block simulation using an in-plane multiangle needle guide.
|
OBJECTIVE: Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia with in-plane needle approaches can be challenging due to difficult needle visualization. We hypothesized that an in-plane, multiangle needle guide can help reduce the time it takes novice regional anesthesiologists to perform a simulated ultrasound-guided nerve-targeting procedure and enhance the visualization of the needle.DESIGN: Crossover simulation study.SETTING: Simulation environment at an academic institution.SUBJECTS: Volunteer trainees in their postgraduate years 1 and 2.METHODS: Sixteen subjects were randomized to repeat a single nerve targeting simulation task four times with and four times without a needle guide. End points were time to complete the nerve targeting, needle visualization, number of passes, and needle approximation to the target.RESULTS: The needle guide reduced median time to complete the task by 27% (95% confidence interval: 4-44%) and increased the odds of an acceptable needle visualization by 355% (95% confidence interval: 171-737%). A learning benefit for the time outcome was also noted, with multiple attempts regardless of whether the needle guide was used or not.CONCLUSIONS: A needle guide can help reduce the time needed to complete a simulated nerve targeting procedure and enhance needle visualization for the novice sonographer in a phantom gel simulation. There was no significant reduction in the number of needle passes or in improvement of target approximation noted.
|
['Adult', 'Anesthesiology', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Internship and Residency', 'Male', 'Needles', 'Nerve Block', 'Ultrasonography, Interventional']
| 23,758,955
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['H02.403.066'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I02.358.337.350.500', 'I02.358.399.350.750'], ['E07.612'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['E01.370.350.850.855', 'E04.502.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of transportation on early embryonic death in mares.
|
Incidence of early embryonic death (EED) and associated changes in serum cortisol, progesterone and plasma ascorbic acid (AA) in transported mares were investigated. Mares were transported for 472 km (9 h) during either d 16 to 22 (T-3 wk, n = 15) or d 32 to 38 (T-5 wk, n = 15) of gestation. Blood samples were drawn from control, nontransported mares (NT-3 wk, NT-5 wk, n = 24) and transported mares pre-trip, midtrip, and at 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h post-transport and daily for the next 2 wk. Incidence of EED between transported and nontransported mares was not different (P greater than .05). Serum cortisol in all transported mares increased (P less than .05) relative to pre-trip values at midtrip and 0 h post-transport. Relative to NT mares, serum cortisol was higher (P less than .05) at midtrip in T-3 wk mares and 0 h post-transport in T-5 wk mares. Serum progesterone in all T mares increased (P less than .05) at midtrip relative to pre-trip values and was higher (P less than .05) in T-3 wk mares than in NT-3 wk mares at midtrip and 0 h post-transport. Post-transport decreases (P less than .05) in concentrations of progesterone were observed in mares that aborted. Plasma AA in transported mares increased (P less than .05) at midtrip in T-5 wk mares and decreased (P less than .05) relative to pre-trip values at 24 and 48 h post-transport (T-3 wk and T-5 wk mares, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Female', 'Fetal Death', 'Horse Diseases', 'Horses', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Pregnancy', 'Progesterone', 'Stress, Physiological', 'Transportation']
| 2,312,427
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['C13.703.223', 'C23.550.260.585'], ['C22.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.984.235.472'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['G07.775'], ['J01.937']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pharmacodynamic effects of cangrelor and clopidogrel: the platelet function substudy from the cangrelor versus standard therapy to achieve optimal management of platelet inhibition (CHAMPION) trials.
|
Cangrelor is an intravenous antagonist of the P2Y(12) receptor characterized by rapid, potent, predictable, and reversible platelet inhibition. However, cangrelor was not superior to clopidogrel in reducing the incidence of ischemic events in the cangrelor versus standard therapy to achieve optimal management of platelet inhibition (CHAMPION) trials. A prospectively designed platelet function substudy was performed in a selected cohort of patients to provide insight into the pharmacodynamic effects of cangrelor, particularly in regard to whether cangrelor therapy may interfere with the inhibitory effects of clopidogrel. This pre-defined substudy was conducted in a subset of patients from the CHAMPION-PCI trial (n = 230) comparing cangrelor with 600 mg of clopidogrel administered before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and from the CHAMPION-PLATFORM trial (n = 4) comparing cangrelor at the time of PCI and 600 mg clopidogrel given after the PCI. Pharmacodynamic measures included P2Y12 reaction units (PRU) assessed by VerifyNow P2Y12 testing (primary endpoint marker), platelet aggregation by light transmittance aggregometry following 5 and 20 ìmol/L adenosine diphosphate stimuli, and markers of platelet activation determined by flow cytometry. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients who achieved <20 % change in PRU between baseline and >10 h after PCI. The main trial was stopped early limiting enrollment in the platelet substudy. A total of 167 patients had valid pharmacodynamic assessments for the primary endpoint. The percent of individuals achieving <20 % change in PRU between baseline and >10 h after PCI was higher with cangrelor + clopidogrel (32/84, 38.1 %) compared with placebo + clopidogrel (21/83, 25.3 %), but this was not statistically significant (difference:12.79 %, 95 % CI: -1.18 %, 26.77 %;p = 0.076). All pharmacodynamic markers as well as the prevalence of patients with high on-treatment platelet reactivity were significantly lower in patients treated with cangrelor. A rapid platelet inhibitory effect was achieved during cangrelor infusion and a rapid offset of action after treatment discontinuation. This CHAMPION platelet function substudy represents the largest pharmacodynamic experience with cangrelor, demonstrating its potent P2Y(12) receptor inhibitory effects, and rapid onset/offset of action. Although there was no significant pharmacodynamic interaction when transitioning to clopidogrel therapy, further studies are warranted given that enrollment in this study was limited due to premature interruption of the main trial.
|
['Adenosine Monophosphate', 'Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Clopidogrel', 'Drug Antagonism', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Function Tests', 'Preoperative Care', 'Prospective Studies', 'Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists', 'Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12', 'Ticlopidine']
| 22,569,899
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.180', 'D13.695.667.138.180', 'D13.695.827.068.180'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['D02.886.778.823.500.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500.500'], ['G07.690.773.968.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['E01.370.225.625.625', 'E05.200.625.625'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.725.400.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.725.400.200.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.700.720.500.300', 'D12.776.543.750.720.700.720.750.300'], ['D02.886.778.823.500', 'D03.383.725.849.500', 'D03.383.903.830.500', 'D03.633.100.928.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Increased cerebellar volume in the early stage of fucosidosis: a case control study.
|
INTRODUCTION: Yet unreported in this lysosomal storage disease, we aimed to quantify our observation that patients with fucosidosis may show abnormally increased cerebellar volumes during early childhood.METHODS: Five normocephalic fucosidosis patients (age range 2-25 months, three males) were included in this retrospective case control study. The control cohort consisted of 25 children (age range 0-36 months, 15 males). Image postprocessing was performed independently by two radiologists. Using validated software, manual tracing of contours on contiguous sagittal magnetic resonance images was allowed for cerebellar volumetry. We tested the null hypothesis that mean cerebellar volumes of four fucosidosis patients (age 16, 20, 21, and 25 months) and of an age-matched control cohort (n = 8, age range 13-26 months) were equal based on a two-tailed unpaired t-test.RESULTS: Interobserver agreement was excellent (R = 1, p < 0.01). A rough trajectory of normal cerebellar development appeared to flatten around the age of 1 year. With mean volumes of 121.36 and 102.30 ml, respectively, cerebellar volumes of fucosidosis patients with a mean age of 21 months were significantly increased compared to age-matched controls (p < 0.05). In a single patient, longer-term follow-up with MRI at the age of 47 months was available and showed cerebellar atrophy.CONCLUSION: Increased cerebellar volume was shown to be an additional feature in the early stage of fucosidosis. The combination with a confirmed tendency toward atrophy of the cerebellum during later course of the disease is probably unique in the context of metabolic disorders of the brain.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Cerebellum', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Fucosidosis', 'Humans', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Organ Size', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 21,384,124
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.435.295', 'C16.320.565.189.435.295', 'C16.320.565.202.303', 'C16.320.565.595.554.295', 'C18.452.132.100.435.295', 'C18.452.648.189.435.295', 'C18.452.648.202.303', 'C18.452.648.595.554.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Practical legal and ethical considerations for the provision of acute disaster mental health services.
|
Mental health professionals who provide emergency psychosocial assistance in the immediate aftermath of disasters do so in the midst of crisis and chaos. Common roles undertaken by disaster mental health professionals include treating existing conditions of disaster survivors and providing psychosocial support to front line responders and those acutely affected. Other roles include participating in multidisciplinary health care teams as well as monitoring and supporting team members' mental health. When, in the immediate aftermath of a disaster, mental health professionals provide such assistance, they may take on legal and ethical responsibilities that they are not fully aware of or do not fully comprehend. Unfortunately, not much has been written about these obligations, and professional organizations have provided little guidance. Thus, the purpose of the present article is to outline and discuss an analysis framework and suggest recommendations that mental health professionals can use to help guide their actions during the chaos immediate post disaster.
|
['Clinical Competence', 'Codes of Ethics', 'Confidentiality', 'Disasters', 'Emergency Medical Services', 'Evidence-Based Practice', 'Guidelines as Topic', 'Humans', 'Interprofessional Relations', 'Liability, Legal', 'Licensure', 'Mental Health Services', 'Patient Care Team', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Professional Role', 'Psychology', 'Survivors', 'Terminology as Topic']
| 23,244,009
|
[['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['K01.752.566.479.068', 'K01.752.566.479.171.066', 'N04.761.700.350.324', 'N05.350.213', 'N05.350.340.080', 'N05.700.350.324'], ['F04.096.544.335.240', 'I01.880.604.473.650.500', 'I01.880.604.583.080', 'N03.706.437.650.124', 'N03.706.535.230'], ['N06.230.100'], ['N02.421.297'], ['H02.249'], ['N04.761.700.350', 'N05.700.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.205'], ['I01.880.604.583.490', 'N03.706.535.547'], ['N03.706.110.510', 'N05.700.200.450'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['N04.590.715'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['F01.829.316.616.625'], ['F04.096.628'], ['M01.860'], ['L01.559.598.400']]
|
['Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Head waving in Aplysia californica. II. Functional anatomy and muscular activity during behaviour.
|
Bending and twisting movements of the body during head-waving behaviour of the sea hare Aplysia californica are produced by the concerted action of the muscles of the body wall on the hydrostatic skeleton formed by the haemocoel and internal organs. In this study, we describe the orientations and possible mechanical actions of muscles in the body wall. We also describe the spatial and temporal patterns of longitudinal muscle activity during different head-waving movements in a freely moving animal. The body-wall muscles are arranged as a network of longitudinal, circular and left- and right-handed helical muscle fascicles. Each fascicle consists of a few to several hundred muscle fibres enclosed in a connective tissue sheath. The sheath also connects muscle fascicles of different orientations at the points where they cross, forming a tightly connected network. In addition, a series of large longitudinal muscle fascicles, including the lateral columellar muscles, lies against the inside wall of the dorsal hemicylinder of the animal. In animals with hydrostatic skeletons, longitudinal and circular muscles are necessary for producing all basic elongation, shortening and bending movements, and in Aplysia, the extensive distribution of helical muscles provides the animal with the ability to twist its body about the longitudinal axis, as is observed during horizontal head-waving movements. Muscle activity in the lateral muscles is antiphasically coordinated during horizontal bends, and when the animal is bent to one side, movement towards the centre is accompanied by muscle activity on the side of shortening, i.e. there is no passive return to centre. The muscles near the holdfast are the most active during head-waving movements, with relatively little activity in the head region. The activity of dorsal muscles corresponds to both the existing vertical posture of the body and to discrete dorsal bending movements. In most cases, depression of the head is passive, i.e. both dorsal and ventral longitudinal muscles relax, although foot muscles may also be involved. These observations, together with the constancy of the hydrostatic pressure in the haemocoel during all movements in animals attached to the substratum, suggest specific patterns of motor neurone coordination during different movements.
|
['Animals', 'Aplysia', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Electromyography', 'Head', 'Histocytochemistry', 'Hydrostatic Pressure', 'Motor Activity', 'Movement', 'Muscles']
| 7,964,419
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.400.060'], ['F01.145.113'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['A01.456'], ['E01.370.225.500.607', 'E01.370.225.750.551', 'E05.200.500.607', 'E05.200.750.551', 'H01.158.100.656.234', 'H01.158.201.344', 'H01.181.122.573'], ['G01.374.715.352'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Primary malignant lymphoma of the rectum--a case report].
|
The patient was a 69-year-old woman who complained of bloody stools and abdominal pain. A tumor was removed with abdominoperineal excision, and histologic examination revealed malignant lymphoma associated with reactive lymphoreticular hyperplasia. The lesion was of the diffuse, medium-sized cell type according to the classification of the Japan Lymphoma Study Group.
|
['Aged', 'Colostomy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphoma', 'Prognosis', 'Rectal Neoplasms']
| 3,712,777
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.210.338.225', 'E04.579.338.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.386', 'C15.604.515.569', 'C20.683.515.761'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.274.476.411.307.790', 'C06.301.371.411.307.790', 'C06.405.249.411.307.790', 'C06.405.469.491.307.790', 'C06.405.469.860.180.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Intrathecal morphine for intractable pain secondary to cancer of pelvic organs.
|
Sixty-two patients with intractable pain secondary to cancer of the pelvic organs were managed with intrathecal injections of morphine. Forty-six patients experienced pain relief from an initial test dose that ranged from 0.5 to 2.0 mg. In order to provide long-term pain relief, these 46 patients were further treated with repeated single injections (14 patients), external catheter (28 patients), or implanted pump (4 patients). Twenty-four of the 46 patients received pain relief without developing tolerance or side effects or experiencing mechanical failure of the application systems. When side effects developed, they were generally itching, sphincter disorder and somnolence. No serious respiratory depression was noted. Intrathecal morphine offers a hopeful alternative to systemic narcotics or ablative neurosurgical procedures in the management of terminal cancer pain.
|
['Humans', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Morphine', 'Pain, Intractable', 'Pelvic Neoplasms']
| 3,838,582
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['C23.888.592.612.776'], ['C04.588.699']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Redundancy in ascending and descending pathways mediating head turning elicited by entopenducular stimulation in the cat.
|
Contraversive turning movements of the head were elicited in alert cats by unilateral electrical stimulation of the entopeduncular nucleus. To determine the relative functional importance of ascending and descending pathways activated by the stimulation, the animals were submitted to thalamocortical or midbrain lesions and to combinations of the two lesions interrupting the pathways. Head turning was hindered considerably only after combinations of the two lesions and not after either lesion alone. Taking into account the results of previous studies, showing that most efferent fibers of the entopeduncular nucleus branch to the thalamus and to the midbrain, it is concluded that not only one but two main efferent pathways, corresponding to each branch, are used by the entopeduncular nucleus to control motoneurons, each pathway carrying enough redundant information to mediate head turning.
|
['Afferent Pathways', 'Animals', 'Efferent Pathways', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Female', 'Globus Pallidus', 'Head', 'Male', 'Movement']
| 6,646,420
|
[['A08.612.220'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.612.380'], ['E05.723.402'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.487.397'], ['A01.456'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structural Articulation of Biochemical Reactions Using Restrained Geometries and Topology Switching.
|
A strategy named "restrained geometries and topology switching" (RGATS) is presented to obtain detailed trajectories for complex biochemical reactions using molecular mechanics (MM) methods. It enables prediction of realistic dynamical pathways for chemical reactions, especially for accurately characterizing the structural adjustments of highly complex environments to any proximal biochemical reaction. It can be used to generate reactive conformations, model stepwise or concerted reactions in complex environments, and probe the influence of changes in the environment. Its ability to take reactively nonoptimal conformations and generate favorable starting conformations for a biochemical reaction is illustrated for a proton transfer between two model compounds. Its ability to study concerted reactions in explicit solvent is illustrated using proton transfers between an ammonium ion and two conserved histidines in an ammonia transporter channel embedded in a lipid membrane. Its ability to characterize the changes induced by subtle differences in the active site environment is illustrated using nucleotide addition by a DNA polymerase in the presence of two versus three Mg2+ ions. RGATS can be employed within any MM program and requires no additional software implementation. This allows the full assortment of computational methods implemented in all available MM programs to be used to tackle virtually any question about biochemical reactions that is answerable without using a quantum mechanical (QM) model. It can also be applied to generate reasonable starting structures for more detailed and expensive QM or QM/MM methods. In particular, this strategy enables rapid prediction of reactant, intermediary, or product state structures in any macromolecular context, with the only requirement being that the structure in any one of these states is either known or can be accurately modeled.
|
['Ammonium Compounds', 'Biochemical Phenomena', 'Catalytic Domain', 'DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase', 'Histidine', 'Imidazoles', 'Lipid Bilayers', 'Magnesium', 'Models, Chemical', 'Nucleotides', 'Protons', 'Quantum Theory', 'Software']
| 29,357,231
|
[['D01.625.062'], ['G02.111'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D10.570.510', 'J01.637.087.500.510'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['E05.599.495'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial pathogens in long-term manured greenhouse soils as revealed by metagenomic survey.
|
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), human pathogenic bacteria (HPB), and HPB carrying ARGs pose a high risk to soil ecology and public health. Here, we used a metagenomic approach to investigate their diversity and abundance in chicken manures and greenhouse soils collected from Guli, Pulangke, and Hushu vegetable bases with different greenhouse planting years in Nanjing, Eastern China. There was a positive correlation between the levels of antibiotics, ARGs, HPB, and HPB carrying ARGs in manures and greenhouse soils. In total, 156.2–5001.4 ìg/kg of antibiotic residues, 22 classes of ARGs, 32 HPB species, and 46 species of HPB carrying ARGs were found. The highest relative abundance was tetracycline resistance genes (manures) and multidrug resistance genes (greenhouse soils). The dominant HPB and HPB carrying ARGs in the manures were Bacillus anthracis, Bordetella pertussis, and B. anthracis (sulfonamide resistance gene, sul1), respectively. The corresponding findings in greenhouse soils were Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. ulcerans, M. tuberculosis (macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin resistance protein, MLSRP), and B. anthracis (sul1), respectively. Our findings confirmed high levels of antibiotics, ARGs, HPB, and HPB carrying ARGs in the manured greenhouse soils compared with those in the field soils, and their relative abundance increased with the extension of greenhouse planting years.
|
['Animals', 'Bacteria', 'Chickens', 'China', 'DNA', 'Drug Resistance, Microbial', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Manure', 'Metagenomics', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Tetracycline Resistance']
| 25,514,174
|
[['B01.050'], ['B03'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.308'], ['G06.225', 'G07.690.773.984.269'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D20.601'], ['H01.158.273.343.350.261'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['G06.099.225.937', 'G06.225.347.937', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347.937']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
The role of membrane structure in the activation of mitochondrial phospholipases. 1. Activation of mitochondrial phospholipases by lipid peroxidation products.
|
Induction of lipid peroxidation is shown to alter the structure of mitochondrial membrane and to activate endogenous phospholipases A2, C, D, and lysophospholipase A. Fe(2+)-, cumene hydroperoxide- and ultraviolet-induced lipid peroxidation results in the activation of mitochondrial phospholipases.
|
['Animals', 'Ascorbic Acid', 'Benzene Derivatives', 'Calcium', 'Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Intracellular Membranes', 'Isoenzymes', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Membrane Lipids', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Oxidants', 'Phospholipases', 'Phospholipids', 'Rats', 'Ultraviolet Rays']
| 9,829,257
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['D02.455.426.559.389'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['E05.196.867.519.274'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['A11.284.149.450', 'A11.284.835.514'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D10.570'], ['D12.776.543'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680', 'D08.811.277.352.640.700'], ['D10.570.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Variable effects of dispersal on productivity of bacterial communities due to changes in functional trait composition.
|
Previous studies have shown variable relationships between dispersal rate and ecosystem functioning, but the reasons for and mechanisms behind variable dispersal rate-functioning patterns are currently unknown. In this study we used six bacterial lake water communities in a laboratory experiment in order to investigate how dispersal among communities influences community productivity by evaluating three different mechanisms: 1) changes in taxonomic diversity, 2) changes in phylogenetic diversity or 3) changes in the composition of functional traits. The experiment was conducted in two phases; (A) a dialysis bag experiment where the dispersal rate among six communities was manipulated and the subsequent change in bacterial diversity and growth rate was recorded, and (B) a regrowth experiment where we manipulated available resources to study how well a taxon grows on certain organic carbon resources, i.e. their functional traits. From experiment (B) we could thus estimate changes in functional traits in communities in experiment (A). Bacterial production was affected by dispersal, but not consistently among lakes. Neither change in taxonomic or phylogenetic diversity with dispersal could explain the observed dispersal-productivity relationships. Instead, changes in trait composition with dispersal, especially the communities' ability to use p-coumaric acid, an aromatic compound, could explain the observed dispersal-productivity relationships. Changes in this trait caused by dispersal seemed especially important for bacterial productivity in waters with a high aromaticity of the organic matter pool. We conclude that the effect of dispersal on bacterial communities can affect ecosystem functioning in different ways, through changes in functional key-traits which are important for the local environment.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biodiversity', 'Coumaric Acids', 'Ecosystem', 'Lakes', 'Leucine', 'Microbial Consortia', 'Phylogeny', 'Propionates', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 16S', 'Regression Analysis', 'Tritium', 'Water Microbiology']
| 24,324,633
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G16.500.275.157.049', 'N06.230.124.049'], ['D02.241.223.200.210'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['G01.311.580', 'G16.500.275.280.500', 'N06.230.232.500'], ['D12.125.070.637', 'D12.125.142.441'], ['G06.591.750', 'G16.500.275.157.049.100.500.750', 'N06.230.124.049.100.500.500'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['D13.444.735.686.670'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D01.268.406.875', 'D01.362.340.875', 'D01.496.749.925'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.777', 'N06.850.425.450']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biomechanical and morphometric properties of the arterial wall referenced to the zero-stress state in experimental diabetes.
|
Morphometric and passive biomechanical properties were studied in isolated segments of the thoracic and abdominal aorta, left common carotid artery, left femoral artery and the left pulmonary artery in 20 non-diabetic and 28 streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic and non-diabetic rats were divided into groups living 1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the induction of diabetes (n = 7 for each diabetic group) or sham injection (n = 5 for each group). The mechanical test was performed as a distension experiment where the proximal end of the arterial segment was connected via a tube to the container used for applying pressures to the segment and the distal end was left free. The vessel diameter and length were obtained from digitized images of the arterial segments at pre-selected pressures and at no-load and zero-stress states. Circumferential and longitudinal stresses (force per area) and strains (deformation) were computed from the length, diameter and pressure data and from the zero-stress state data. The zero-stress state was obtained by cutting vessel rings radially causing the rings to open up into a sector. Diabetes was associated with pronounced morphometric changes, e.g., wall thickness. With respect to the biomechanical data, the opening angle increased and reached a plateau in 4 weeks after which it decreased again (p < 0.05). The opening angle was smallest in the thoracic aorta and largest in the pulmonary artery. Furthermore, it was found that the circumferential stiffness of the arteries studied increased with the duration of diabetes. In the longitudinal direction significant differences were found 8 weeks after injection of STZ in all arteries except the pulmonary artery. In the 12 weeks group, the femoral artery was stiffest in the circumferential direction whereas the thoracic aorta was stiffest in the longitudinal direction. The accumulated serum glucose level correlated with the arterial wall thickness and elastic modulus (correlation coefficient between 0.56 and 0.81).
|
['Animals', 'Arteries', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Weight', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 11,204,544
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electrostatic redesign of the [myoglobin, cytochrome b5] interface to create a well-defined docked complex with rapid interprotein electron transfer.
|
Cyt b(5) is the electron-carrier "repair" protein that reduces met-Mb and met-Hb to their O(2)-carrying ferroheme forms. Studies of electron transfer (ET) between Mb and cyt b(5) revealed that they react on a "Dynamic Docking" (DD) energy landscape on which binding and reactivity are uncoupled: binding is weak and involves an ensemble of nearly isoenergetic configurations, only a few of which are reactive; those few contribute negligibly to binding. We set the task of redesigning the surface of Mb so that its reaction with cyt b(5) instead would occur on a conventional "simple docking" (SD) energy landscape, on which a complex exhibits a well-defined (set of) reactive binding configuration(s), with binding and reactivity thus no longer being decoupled. We prepared a myoglobin (Mb) triple mutant (D44K/D60K/E85K; Mb(+6)) substituted with Zn-deuteroporphyrin and monitored cytochrome b(5) (cyt b(5)) binding and electron transfer (ET) quenching of the (3)ZnMb(+6) triplet state. In contrast, to Mb(WT), the three charge reversals around the "front-face" heme edge of Mb(+6) have directed cyt b(5) to a surface area of Mb adjacent to its heme, created a well-defined, most-stable structure that supports good ET pathways, and apparently coupled binding and ET: both K(a) and k(et) are increased by the same factor of approximately 2 x 10(2), creating a complex that exhibits a large ET rate constant, k(et) = 10(6 1) s(-1), and is in slow exchange (k(off) << k(et)). In short, these mutations indeed appear to have created the sought-for conversion from DD to simple docking (SD) energy landscapes.
|
['Computer Simulation', 'Cytochromes b5', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Myoglobin', 'Protein Binding', 'Static Electricity', 'Thermodynamics']
| 19,419,145
|
[['L01.224.160'], ['D08.244.187.500', 'D12.776.422.220.187.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G01.358.500.249.820'], ['G01.906']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The coalescent in a continuous, finite, linear population.
|
In this article we present a model for analyzing patterns of genetic diversity in a continuous, finite, linear habitat with restricted gene flow. The distribution of coalescent times and locations is derived for a pair of sequences sampled from arbitrary locations along the habitat. The results for mean time to coalescence are compared to simulated data. As expected, mean time to common ancestry increases with the distance separating the two sequences. Additionally, this mean time is greater near the center of the habitat than near the ends. In the distant past, lineages that have not undergone coalescence are more likely to have been at opposite ends of the population range, whereas coalescent events in the distant past are biased toward the center. All of these effects are more pronounced when gene flow is more limited. The pattern of pairwise nucleotide differences predicted by the model is compared to data collected from sardine populations. The sardine data are used to illustrate how demographic parameters can be estimated using the model.
|
['Animals', 'Fishes', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Models, Genetic', 'Monte Carlo Method']
| 12,072,481
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.525', 'L01.906.394.422', 'N05.715.360.750.540', 'N06.850.520.830.525']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Changes in hair properties by Eucalyptus extract.
|
A long-term usage investigation of a scalp lotion containing Eucalyptus extract, which increases the amount of ceramide in the skin, was carried out to explore the change in physical properties of the hair fiber. Half-head or whole-head usage studies of a scalp lotion with Eucalyptus extract were carried out for the following groups: Japanese female, Japanese senior female, Japanese male, and Caucasian female panelists. As a result, the improvement in hair luster and bounce in the root part of the hair were recognized by the panelists after the long-term application of the scalp lotion with Eucalyptus extract. Measurement of hair gloss intensity and bending stress at the root suggests that this improvement is based on changes in these physical properties. These results indicate that the recognition of panelists is based on an actual change in the hair fiber properties. The efficacy of Eucalyptus extract is expressed regardless of race, age, or gender, since similar results were confirmed in all panelist groups. In order to investigate the cause of these phenomena, we measured the elasticity (Young's modulus) of the new-growth part of the cortex in Eucalyptus extract-treated hair and placebo hair by the nano-indentation method of atomic force microscopy (AFM). These results suggest that the Young's modulus of the new-growth part of the cortex in Eucalyptus extract treated-hair increases in comparison with placebo hair. The IR spectra of treated samples of hair show changes that appear to confirm a decrease in the alpha-helix structure and an increase in the beta-sheet structure.
|
['Adult', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Elastic Modulus', 'Eucalyptus', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Hair', 'Hair Preparations', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Plant Extracts', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Spectrophotometry, Infrared', 'Young Adult']
| 19,156,331
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['G01.374.590.605'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.773.366'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['A17.360'], ['D27.720.269.430'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['E05.196.712.726.676', 'E05.196.867.826.676'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pre-eclampsia in a second pregnancy.
|
The incidence of pre-eclampsia in a second pregnancy has been studied in 6,637 women for Aberdeen City whose pregnancies occurred between 1969 and 1978. The rate of pre-eclampsia in second pregnancy is less than in first pregnancy, but this is altered by the outcome of the first pregnancy with reference to length of gestation, occurrence of pre-eclampsia and abortion.
|
['Abortion, Induced', 'Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Parity', 'Pre-Eclampsia', 'Pregnancy', 'Proteinuria', 'Scotland']
| 6,872,288
|
[['E04.520.050'], ['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['C13.703.395.249'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C12.777.934.734', 'C13.351.968.934.734', 'C23.888.942.750'], ['Z01.542.363.766']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate counteracts guanidinium chloride-, thermal-, and ATP-induced dissociation of skeletal muscle key glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase: A structural mechanism for PFK allosteric regulation.
|
Rabbit muscle 6-phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK) is the key glycolytic enzyme being regulated by diverse molecules and signals. This enzyme may undergo a reversible dissociation from a fully active homotetramer to a quite inactive dimer. There are evidences that some positive and negative modulators of PFK, such as ADP and citrate, may interfere with the enzyme oligomeric structure shifting the tetramer-dimer equilibrium towards opposite orientations, where the negative modulators favor the dissociation of tetramers into dimers and vice versa. PFK is allosterically inhibited by ATP at its physiological range of concentration, an effect counteracted by fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (F2,6BP). However, the structural molecular mechanism by which ATP and F2,6BP regulate PFK is hitherto demonstrated. The present paper aimed at demonstrating that either the ATP-induced inhibition of PFK and the reversion of this inhibition by F2,6BP occur through the same molecular mechanism, i.e., the displacement of the oligomeric equilibrium of the enzyme. This conclusion is arrived assessing the effects of ATP and F2,6BP on PFK inactivation through two distinct ways to dissociate the enzyme: (a) upon incubation at 50 degrees C, or (b) incubating the enzyme with guanidinium hydrochloride (GdmCl). Our results reveal that temperature- and GdmCl-induced inactivation of PFK prove remarkably more effective in the presence 5mM ATP than in the absence of additives. On the other hand, the presence of 100 nM F2,6BP attenuate the effects of both high-temperature exposition and GdmCl on PFK, even in the simultaneous presence of 5mM ATP. These data support the hypothesis that ATP shifts the oligomeric equilibrium of PFK towards the smaller conformations, while F2,6BP acts in the opposite direction. This conclusion leads to important information about the molecular mechanism by which PFK is regulated by these modulators.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Fructosediphosphates', 'Glycolysis', 'Guanidine', 'Isomerism', 'Models, Chemical', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Phosphofructokinase-1', 'Phosphoprotein Phosphatases', 'Rabbits', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Temperature']
| 17,923,106
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D09.894.417.313.300', 'D09.894.417.592.300'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['D02.078.370.472'], ['G02.111.570.685', 'G02.607.445'], ['E05.599.495'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.225.850.500'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Purification of cytotoxic enterotoxin of Aeromonas sobria by use of monoclonal antibodies.
|
Cytotoxic enterotoxin of Aeromonas sobria was purified by affinity chromatography with monoclonal antibodies. The purified enterotoxin gave a single protein band in polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis and its mol. wt estimated by this technique was 63,000; it had a pI of 6.2. The purified enterotoxin caused fluid accumulation in rat ileal loops and in infant mice, was cytotoxic to cultured cells, was haemolytic to human erythrocytes, and was lethal to mice after intravenous injection. The relative concentrations of enterotoxic, cytotoxic and haemolytic activities were approximately the same in a culture filtrate and in purified, electrophoretically homogeneous enterotoxin. The three activities were also inactivated to the same extent after incubation for 10 min at 56 degrees C. There was no immunological cross-reactivity with cholera toxin (CT) nor did antiserum to CT neutralise the biological effects of the toxin.
|
['Aeromonas', 'Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Cell Line', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Cytotoxins', 'Enterotoxins', 'Hemolysin Proteins', 'Immunodiffusion', 'Molecular Weight']
| 3,104,592
|
[['B03.440.450.019.025'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.946.123'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['D27.888.569.213'], ['D23.946.330'], ['D12.776.543.695.444'], ['E01.370.225.812.735.645.350', 'E05.200.812.735.645.350', 'E05.478.594.760.645.350', 'E05.478.605.492.350'], ['G02.494']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transgenic mouse á- and â-cardiac myosins containing the R403Q mutation show isoform-dependent transient kinetic differences.
|
Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes. The discovery in 1990 that a point mutation at residue 403 (R403Q) in the â-myosin heavy chain (MHC) caused a severe form of FHC was the first of many demonstrations linking FHC to mutations in muscle proteins. A mouse model for FHC has been widely used to study the mechanochemical properties of mutated cardiac myosin, but mouse hearts express á-MHC, whereas the ventricles of larger mammals express predominantly â-MHC. To address the role of the isoform backbone on function, we generated a transgenic mouse in which the endogenous á-MHC was partially replaced with transgenically encoded â-MHC or á-MHC. A His6 tag was cloned at the N terminus, along with R403Q, to facilitate isolation of myosin subfragment 1 (S1). Stopped flow kinetics were used to measure the equilibrium constants and rates of nucleotide binding and release for the mouse S1 isoforms bound to actin. For the wild-type isoforms, we found that the affinity of MgADP for á-S1 (100 ìM) is ~ 4-fold weaker than for â-S1 (25 ìM). Correspondingly, the MgADP release rate for á-S1 (350 s(-1)) is ~3-fold greater than for â-S1 (120 s(-1)). Introducing the R403Q mutation caused only a minor reduction in kinetics for â-S1, but R403Q in á-S1 caused the ADP release rate to increase by 20% (430 s(-1)). These transient kinetic studies on mouse cardiac myosins provide strong evidence that the functional impact of an FHC mutation on myosin depends on the isoform backbone.
|
['Adenosine Diphosphate', 'Amino Acid Substitution', 'Animals', 'Kinetics', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Myosin Heavy Chains', 'Protein Binding', 'Ventricular Myosins']
| 23,580,644
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.124', 'D13.695.667.138.124', 'D13.695.827.068.124'], ['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['B01.050'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.100', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750.249', 'D12.776.210.500.600.100', 'D12.776.220.525.475.100'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D05.750.078.730.475.475.124.500', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.750.750.124.500', 'D12.776.210.500.600.470.249.500', 'D12.776.220.525.475.475.124.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effectiveness of ozone against endodontopathogenic microorganisms in a root canal biofilm model.
|
AIM: To assess the antimicrobial efficacy of aqueous (1.25-20 microg mL(-1)) and gaseous ozone (1-53 g m(-3)) as an alternative antiseptic against endodontic pathogens in suspension and a biofilm model.METHODOLOGY: Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, Peptostreptococcus micros and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were grown in planctonic culture or in mono-species biofilms in root canals for 3 weeks. Cultures were exposed to ozone, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl; 5.25%, 2.25%), chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX; 2%), hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2); 3%) and phosphate buffered saline (control) for 1 min and the remaining colony forming units counted. Ozone gas was applied to the biofilms in two experimental settings, resembling canal areas either difficult (setting 1) or easy (setting 2) to reach. Time-course experiments up to 10 min were included. To compare the tested samples, data were analysed by one-way anova.RESULTS: Concentrations of gaseous ozone down to 1 g m(-3) almost and aqueous ozone down to 5 microg mL(-1) completely eliminated the suspended microorganisms as did NaOCl and CHX. Hydrogen peroxide and lower aqueous ozone concentrations were less effective. Aqueous and gaseous ozone were dose- and strain-dependently effective against the biofilm microorganisms. Total elimination was achieved by high-concentrated ozone gas (setting 2) and by NaOCl after 1 min or a lower gas concentration (4 g m(-3)) after at least 2.5 min. High-concentrated aqueous ozone (20 microg mL(-1)) and CHX almost completely eliminated the biofilm cells, whilst H(2)O(2) was less effective.CONCLUSION: High-concentrated gaseous and aqueous ozone was dose-, strain- and time-dependently effective against the tested microorganisms in suspension and the biofilm test model.
|
['Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Biofilms', 'Buffers', 'Candida albicans', 'Chlorhexidine', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Dental Pulp Cavity', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enterococcus faecalis', 'Gases', 'Humans', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Oxidants', 'Oxidants, Photochemical', 'Ozone', 'Peptostreptococcus', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Root Canal Irrigants', 'Sodium Hypochlorite', 'Solutions', 'Time Factors']
| 19,125,975
|
[['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['A20.593', 'G06.120'], ['D27.720.470.280'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['D02.078.370.141.100'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['A14.549.167.900.265'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B03.353.750.250.250.280', 'B03.510.550.250.250.280'], ['D01.362'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['D27.720.642.631', 'D27.888.569.540.631'], ['D01.362.670.600'], ['B03.353.625.798', 'B03.510.400.625'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['D25.800', 'D27.505.954.122.425.300.500', 'D27.720.274.300.500', 'J01.637.051.800'], ['D01.210.465.800', 'D01.650.550.400.800', 'D01.857.750'], ['D26.776'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improved operational stability of chloroperoxidase through use of antioxidants.
|
Chloroperoxidase (CPO) from Caldariomyces fumago is a potentially very useful enzyme due to its ability to catalyze a large variety of stereoselective oxidation reactions, but poor operational stability is a main limitation for commercial use. In the present study, the possibility of increasing the operational stability by use of antioxidants was investigated using the oxidation of indole as model reaction. Caffeic acid was the antioxidant showing the strongest positive effects, reaching a total turnover number (TTN) of 135,000 at pH 4 and 4 mM hydrogen peroxide, compared to 28,700 in the absence of antioxidant. Portion-wise addition of hydrogen peroxide in the presence of caffeic acid caused a further increase in TTN to 171,000. An alternative way to reach high TTN was to use tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidant instead of hydrogen peroxide: a TTN of 600,000 was achieved although the reaction was quite slow. In this case, antioxidants did not have any positive effect. Possible mechanisms for the observed inactivation of CPO are discussed.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Caffeic Acids', 'Catalysis', 'Chloride Peroxidase', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Hydrogen Peroxide', 'Kinetics', 'Mitosporic Fungi', 'Molecular Structure', 'Oxidants', 'tert-Butylhydroperoxide']
| 18,479,771
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D02.241.223.200.054'], ['G02.130'], ['D08.811.682.732.360'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.424', 'D01.339.431.374.424', 'D01.650.550.750.400', 'D02.389.338.253'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['B01.300.381'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D27.720.642', 'D27.888.569.540'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.925', 'D01.339.431.374.925', 'D01.650.550.750.900', 'D02.389.338.825']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Photoaffinity labeling of the nucleotide-binding site of the uncoupling protein from hamster brown adipose tissue.
|
The nucleotide binding center of the uncoupling protein from brown adipose tissue (UCP) was probed by photoaffinity labeling with 8-azido-ATP. The isolated dimeric UCP in non-ionic detergent was used. 8-azido-ATP binds to UCP with a Kd = 3 microM, i.e. with an only threefold lower affinity than ATP and a maximum number of binding sites of about 12 mumol/g protein corresponding to about 1 mol/mol dimer UCP. UCP is rapidly degraded by ultraviolet radiation, and therefore only near ultraviolet and visible light can be used for photoaffinity labeling. The total covalent incorporation is shown to be dependent on the concentration of azido-ATP and on competing phospholipids. The specific, i.e. ATP-sensitive incorporation only to the binding site depends on the presence of cysteine. With CNBr cleavage the 8-azido-[gamma-32P]ATP insertion within the primary structure was located by identifying ATP-sensitive labeled peptides in SDS/PAGE. A major specific 8-azido-ATP incorporation was found by autoradiography in the smallest CNBr fragments. Identification of the radioactive peptides was difficult since 8-azido-ATP insertion causes a distinct shift in the gels from the stained peptides. Identification was possible by specific disulfide formation at the C-terminal within the UCP dimer which only removed the CB7 (CB, CNBr fragment) portion of the low-molecular-mass peptides but did not move the radioactive band. This excludes the C-terminal CB7 and identifies the labeled peptide as CB6. Also, limited tryptic cleavage of intact UCP at Lys293 did not remove the radioactivity. Cleavage of tryptophanes support localization of 8-azido-ATP between residues 173-280 which includes CB6. Solid-phase sequencing of the labeled CB6 both after serine lactone and carboxyl coupling suggest incorporation into Thr260. These results indicate that the adenine-binding site is within the third domain of the tripartite UCP structure at a putative hydrophilic channel which can be assessed both from the cytosol and matrix of mitochondria.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Adipose Tissue, Brown', 'Affinity Labels', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Autoradiography', 'Azides', 'Binding Sites', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Cricetinae', 'Cyanogen Bromide', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Ion Channels', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Nucleotides', 'Photochemistry', 'Uncoupling Protein 1']
| 1,730,236
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['A10.165.114.322'], ['D27.720.470.410.080'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.750.132', 'E05.200.750.132', 'E05.799.256'], ['D01.625.100', 'D02.159'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D12.776.157'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D01.139.300.050.100', 'D01.625.175'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D12.776.575'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['D12.776.157.530.937.598.500', 'D12.776.543.585.475.688.500', 'D12.776.543.585.937.696.500', 'D12.776.575.750.688.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of in vitro organic nitrate tolerance on relaxation, cyclic GMP accumulation, and guanylate cyclase activation by glyceryl trinitrate and the enantiomers of isoidide dinitrate.
|
Previously, it was shown that the D enantiomer of isoidide dinitrate was 10-fold more potent than the L enantiomer and 10-fold less potent than glyceryl trinitrate for stimulating cyclic GMP accumulation and relaxation of isolated rat aorta. In the present study, these organic nitrates were tested for their ability to induce tolerance to organic nitrate-induced relaxation, cyclic GMP accumulation, and guanylate cyclase activation in rat aorta in vitro. To compensate for the differences in vasodilator potency, tolerance was induced by incubating isolated rat aorta with concentrations of organic nitrates 1,000-fold greater than the EC50 for relaxation. Under these conditions, the EC50 for relaxation was increased significantly for each organic nitrate and to a similar degree on subsequent reexposure. These data suggest that the potential for inducing in vitro tolerance to relaxation was the same for the three organic nitrates tested. When activation of soluble guanylate cyclase by these compounds was assessed, the enantiomers of isoidide dinitrate were equipotent, but less potent than glyceryl trinitrate, suggesting that the site of enantioselectivity is not guanylate cyclase itself. In blood vessels made tolerant to organic nitrates by pretreatment with glyceryl trinitrate, vasodilator activity, cyclic GMP accumulation, and guanylate cyclase activation were attenuated on reexposure to each organic nitrate. In addition, differences in the potency of the three organic nitrates and the enantioselectivity of isoidide dinitrate for relaxation were abolished in tolerant tissue, whereas the potency difference between glyceryl trinitrate and isoidide dinitrate for activation of guanylate cyclase was unchanged.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Tolerance', 'Guanylate Cyclase', 'Male', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Nitrates', 'Nitroglycerin', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Sugar Alcohols', 'Vasodilation']
| 2,901,920
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.992'], ['D08.811.520.650.600', 'D12.644.360.350', 'D12.776.476.350'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D02.640.636'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D02.033.800', 'D09.853'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neonatal polycythemia: I. Criteria for diagnosis and treatment.
|
In order to better define criteria for diagnosis and treatment of neonatal polycythemia, 74 neonates with peripheral venous hematocrit levels greater than or equal to 65% were studied. The hematocrit levels of capillary (Cap Hct), peripheral venous (PV Hct), and umbilical venous (UV Hct) blood was measured. Viscosity of umbilical venous blood (UV eta) was determined. Mean +/- SE Cap Hct (75 +/- 0.5%) was significantly higher than PV Hct (71 +/- 1.0%, P less than .001) and PV Hct was higher than mean UV Hct (63 +/- 0.6%, P less than .001). Cap Hct correlated with neither PV Hct nor UV Hct, but PV Hct and UV Hct correlated moderately (r = .54, P less than .001). Of the neonates with UV Hct greater than or equal to 63%, 80% and UV eta in excess of 3 SD above the normal mean (in excess of 14.6 cps at shear rate 11.5 sec(-1)), whereas 94% of the neonates with UV Hct less than 63% had UV eta within normal range. Neonates with hyperviscosity were seen with two or more clinical symptoms more often than their peers with normal viscosity (P less than .04). Partial exchange transfusion in 21 neonates reduced mean UV Hct from 61 +/- 1.1% to 50 +/- 1.0% (P less than .001) and mean UV eta from 13.0 +/- 0.64 cps to 8.6 +/- 0.54 cps (P less than .001). These data suggest that Cap Hct and PV Hct may be used to screen neonates for polycythemia, but that the final diagnosis and therapeutic decisions should be based on UV Hct or even preferably on UV eta. They further suggest that UV Hct greater than or equal to 63% is strongly indicative of hyperviscosity and should be treated by partial exchange transfusion.
|
['Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Hematocrit', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Newborn, Diseases', 'Male', 'Polycythemia']
| 7,267,222
|
[['E02.095.135.469'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C16.614'], ['C15.378.738']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Incidence of unanticipated uterine pathology at the time of minimally invasive abdominal sacrocolpopexy.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence of unanticipated uterine pathologic findings in women undergoing hysterectomy concomitant with minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.DESIGN: Retrospective case series (Canadian Task Force classification III).SETTING: Four institutions in the United States.PATIENTS: Women undergoing laparoscopic or robotically assisted sacrocolpopexy with hysterectomy.INTERVENTIONS: Concurrent hysterectomy and minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy.MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We measured the incidence of clinically important uterine disease at minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy. A total of 324 women underwent concurrent hysterectomy and minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy. Their mean age was 56.1 years, and body mass index was 26.9 kg/m(2). Sixty-four percent were postmenopausal. Only 3 patients (0.92%) had abnormal uterine pathologic findings. No significant differences were noted in age, body mass index, or parity between the women with normal and abnormal uterine pathologic findings. None of the 3 women reported abnormal uterine bleeding before surgery. All lesions were premalignant and focal. No invasive carcinomas were identified. No patients required further follow-up or treatment of abnormal pathologic findings.CONCLUSION: The risk of unanticipated uterine pathologic findings during minimally invasive sacrocolpopexy to treat pelvic organ prolapse is low.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Incidence', 'Incidental Findings', 'Middle Aged', 'Pelvic Organ Prolapse', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Uterine Diseases']
| 23,911,564
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E01.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.842.624'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C13.351.500.852']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Should surgeons still be implanting pacemakers?
|
Cardiac pacing has undergone major changes in the areas of manpower, technology, and cost over the past 10 years. Arguments have been made to eliminate cardiac surgical involvement in pacing on the basis of these three areas of change: implantations are increasingly performed by nonsurgeons, surgeons have not kept up with the technologic advances in pacing, and consolidation of bradypacing resources is necessary during a time when reimbursement has declined significantly. This study examined two eras of pacing therapy at an institution where pacemaker implantation has always been performed by cardiothoracic surgeons. The purpose of the study was to critically analyze (1) the current role (if any) of cardiothoracic surgeons in delivery of pacemaker therapy and (2) the current results of cardiothoracic surgical involvement in pacemaker implantation. In 1,562 procedures performed between 1986 and 1992, the infection rate was 0.51% and the overall complication rate (both short-term and long-term) was 5.2%. During era 1 (1/1/86 to 6/30/89), 80% of implants were single-chamber and follow-up was incomplete and dependent in many instances on the referring cardiologist/internist. For the implantations performed in the second era (7/1/89 to 12/31/92) as part of an established Pacemaker Service, complete clinical and transtelephonic follow-up services were provided by this coordinated medical-surgical approach. During era 2, 53.9% of implants were dual-chamber (79% during 1992). Total and infectious complication rates remained low in era 2 despite this change in technology.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Cardiac Surgical Procedures', 'Humans', 'Pacemaker, Artificial', "Physician's Role", 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prostheses and Implants']
| 8,147,626
|
[['E02.331.200'], ['E04.100.376', 'E04.928.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.305.250.750'], ['F01.829.316.616.625.600'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E07.695']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of natural and recombinant cholera toxin B subunit as stimulatory factors in intranasal immunization.
|
Cholera toxin B (CTB) is often envisaged and used as an immune stimulating agent in protocols for mucosal immunization. However, the nature of the CTB used (natural vs recombinant) is frequently not taken in consideration. This is important since the usage of natural CTB in mucosal immunization regimen and the mucosal response resulting from such an immunization can be effected by the presence of the CTA subunit in commercial CTB preparations. To clarify this, we have compared natural vs recombinant CTB in an intranasal (i.n.) mucosal immunization procedure using ovalbumin (OVA) as antigen. The results show that recombinant CTB induces similar immune responses like natural CTB. Furthermore, our experiments show that covalent coupling of OVA to CTB is not required for the induction of OVA specific mucosal and systemic immune responses upon i.n. immunization.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Administration, Intranasal', 'Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antigens', 'Cholera Toxin', 'Immunity, Mucosal', 'Immunization', 'Immunoglobulin A', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Ovalbumin', 'Recombinant Proteins']
| 9,269,054
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['E02.319.267.120.655.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['D23.050'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.180', 'D23.946.123.194', 'D23.946.330.150'], ['G12.450.573'], ['E02.095.465.425.400', 'E05.478.550', 'N02.421.726.758.310', 'N06.850.780.200.425', 'N06.850.780.680.310'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.026', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.026', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.026'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557'], ['D12.776.828']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Channel selection for optimizing feature extraction in an electrocorticogram-based brain-computer interface.
|
Feature extractor and classifier are two major components in a brain-computer interface system, in which the feature extractor plays a critical role. To increase the discriminability of features or feature vectors used for classification, it is necessary to select a suitable number of task-related data recording channels. In this article, a machine-learning algorithm is proposed for optimizing feature extraction in an electrocorticogram-based brain-computer interface. Common spatial pattern was used for feature extraction, and channel selection was performed by genetic algorithm for optimizing the feature extraction. Fisher discriminant analysis was used as classifier, and the channel subset chosen at each generation was evaluated by classification accuracy. The algorithm was applied to three electrocorticogram datasets that were recorded during two kinds of motor imagery tasks. The results suggest that the channel number used for building a brain-computer interface system could be significantly decreased without losing classification accuracy, and the accuracy rate could be noticeably improved by using the optimal channel subsets chosen by genetic algorithm.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artificial Intelligence', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Discriminant Analysis', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsies, Partial', 'Humans', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'User-Computer Interface']
| 20,844,441
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['E05.318.740.350', 'N05.715.360.750.325', 'N06.850.520.830.350'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.399.750'], ['L01.224.900.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Asymptomatic Helicobacter pylori infection and iron deficiency are not associated with decreased growth among Alaska Native children aged 7-11 years.
|
INTRODUCTION: Alaska Native children have high Helicobacter pylori infection and iron deficiency prevalences, and their average height-for-age is lower than US reference populations. During a clinical trial to determine the impact of H. pylori treatment on iron deficiency, we evaluated the effects of H. pylori infection and treatment on growth.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured height and weight for children aged 7-11 years in western Alaska using village-based measuring devices. H. pylori infection was determined by urea breath test and iron deficiency using serum ferritin. Children with H. pylori infection and iron deficiency entered the treatment phase and received iron alone or iron plus triple therapy for H. pylori. Follow-up evaluations occurred at 2, 8, and 14 months. We evaluated the association between baseline H. pylori infection and growth; among children in the treatment phase, we also assessed the effect of H. pylori resolution on growth.RESULTS: At baseline, 566 (87.1%) of 650 children were infected with H. pylori. Neither height and weight, nor body mass index differed by H. pylori infection status. Of 189 children in the treatment phase, 20 (10.6%) were uninfected at all three follow-up periods, and 54 (28.6%) were uninfected for one or two periods. Compared with continuously infected children, children in these two groups had little evidence of improvements in any of the measured growth outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori infection is not related to growth among Alaska Native children aged 7-11 years. Growth deficiency should not be considered an indication for H. pylori therapy.
|
['Alaska', 'Anemia, Iron-Deficiency', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Body Height', 'Body Mass Index', 'Body Weight', 'Child', 'Ferritins', 'Growth Disorders', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Inuits', 'Iron Metabolism Disorders', 'Rural Population', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,684,263
|
[['Z01.107.567.875.580.100'], ['C15.378.071.196.300', 'C18.452.565.100'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.160.100', 'E05.041.124.160.500', 'G07.100.100.160.100', 'G07.345.249.314.100'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C23.888.144', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120', 'E05.041.124.160.750', 'G07.100.100.160.120', 'G07.345.249.314.120'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D12.776.157.427.249', 'D12.776.556.579.249'], ['C23.550.393'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.686.508.150.600.375.500', 'M01.686.508.150.675', 'M01.686.754.254.500.500'], ['C18.452.565'], ['N01.600.725'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Husbandry, health and biosecurity of the smallholder and pet pig population in England.
|
Three hundred and thirteen pet and smallholder pig owners in England responded to an online questionnaire regarding husbandry and healthcare of their pigs. There was a lack of knowledge of the legislation regarding Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) registration, animal movements and feeding of domestic food waste. Only 83.8 per cent of respondents had registered their pigs with DEFRA, while 17.7 per cent were not familiar with the movement regulations, and 23.9 per cent were feeding their pigs with household scraps. Contact with veterinary surgeons may be positively associated with DEFRA registration, legal feeding practices and knowledge of vaccination. Furthermore, the veterinary surgeon was considered to be the primary source of husbandry and healthcare knowledge. This paper identifies the pet and smallholder pig population as a potential risk for the incursion and spread of infectious disease, while highlighting the need for improved owner education.
|
['Animal Husbandry', 'Animal Welfare', 'Animals', 'Communicable Diseases', 'England', 'Feeding Methods', 'Government Agencies', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Legislation, Veterinary', 'Pets', 'Registries', 'Risk Assessment', 'Security Measures', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Swine', 'Travel', 'Vaccination']
| 26,116,269
|
[['J01.040.090'], ['I01.880.604.100'], ['B01.050'], ['C01.221', 'C23.550.291.531'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E02.421'], ['I01.409.418', 'N03.540.400'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N03.706.615.686'], ['B01.050.050.116.600'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['N04.452.910'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['I03.883'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.530.890', 'E05.478.550.600.890', 'N02.421.726.758.310.890', 'N06.850.780.200.425.900', 'N06.850.780.680.310.890']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
A new method for the direct estimation of blood oxygen content.
|
Identical blood samples were estimated for oxygen content by a fuel cell analyser (the "Lex-O2-Con'), and by the Van Slyke manometric technique. The new instrument was found to be accurate and repeatable, as well as quicker and easier to operate. Its response to oxygen was found to be unaffected by the presence of common anaesthetic agents.
|
['Blood Gas Analysis', 'Halothane', 'Humans', 'Manometry', 'Nitrous Oxide', 'Oxygen']
| 1,175,189
|
[['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['D02.455.526.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.559'], ['D01.362.635.625', 'D01.625.550.550', 'D01.650.550.587.650'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Photoaffinity labeling of steroid binding proteins with unmodified ligands.
|
Photoactivation of the alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones of natural and synthetic steroid molecules by light of lambda greater than or equal to 330 nm allows their covalent attachment to steroid-binding proteins. The general validity of this method is demonstrated with two steroid hormone receptors and the steroid-binding protein uteroglobin. Progesterone can be covalently attached to the partially purified progesterone receptor and to uteroglobin, and comigrates with the binding proteins upon electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. Similarly the synthetic glucocorticoid triamcinolone acetonide can be covalently bound to the partially purified glucocorticoid of rat liver. This method allows the identification of steroid hormone receptors after electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. Labeling with radioactive steroids is specific since it can be prevented by the addition of an excess of non-radioactive ligand. Digestion of the labeled binding proteins with trypsin or chymotrypsin yields a defined pattern of radioactive peptides, demonstrating that covalent attachment takes place at specific binding sites.
|
['Affinity Labels', 'Glycoproteins', 'Ligands', 'Light', 'Peptides', 'Photochemistry', 'Receptors, Progesterone', 'Receptors, Steroid', 'Uteroglobin']
| 7,341,237
|
[['D27.720.470.410.080'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D12.644'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['D12.776.826.750.765'], ['D12.776.826.750', 'D12.776.930.778'], ['D12.776.861.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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