Title
stringlengths 1
395
⌀ | abstractText
stringlengths 57
5.98k
| meshMajor
stringlengths 14
1.03k
| pmid
int64 22
33.2M
| meshid
stringlengths 2
3.14k
| meshroot
stringlengths 2
421
| A
int64 0
1
| B
int64 0
1
| C
int64 0
1
| D
int64 0
1
| E
int64 0
1
| F
int64 0
1
| G
int64 0
1
| H
int64 0
1
| I
int64 0
1
| J
int64 0
1
| L
int64 0
1
| M
int64 0
1
| N
int64 0
1
| Z
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Publication rates of abstracts presented at the 1993 annual Academy meeting.
|
What percent of abstracts presented at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons annual meeting are submitted, survive peer review, and eventually are published? The answer to this fundamental question is important because many national meeting attendees use the unscrutinized information that is presented to alter their surgical practices. At the 1993 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons meeting, 573 abstracts were presented. After a 5-year period, 44% of abstracts presented were published as papers in a peer reviewed journal. The results suggest that for various reasons, the majority of presented material at the Academy meeting has not been authenticated scientifically to be as accurate as papers that survive the rigors of peer review.
|
['Abstracting and Indexing', 'Congresses as Topic', 'Humans', 'Orthopedics', 'Publishing', 'United States']
| 10,078,150
|
[['L01.453.245.100'], ['N03.540.199'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.810.494'], ['L01.737'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Effectiveness of a low contrast load CT angiography protocol in octogenarians and nonagenarians being evaluated for transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
|
INTRODUCTION: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) typically requires computed tomographic angiography (CTA) for aortoiliofemoral assessment to determine feasibility of a transfemoral approach, although many candidates being considered for TAVR are at increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility and safety of a load contrast load CTA protocol in octogenarians and nonagenarians at risk of CIN.APPROACH: We evaluated 54 consecutive octogenarians and nonagenarians considered for TAVR who underwent CTA using a standard contrast protocol (n=21) versus a protocol incorporating low-dose contrast in patients at risk of CIN (n=33). We compared clinical characteristics, CTA image quality (score 1-4) and interpretability, and clinical outcomes, including CIN and vascular complications.RESULTS: The mean age was 88.5±4.0 years, 37% were male, and chronic renal insufficiency was common in both the standard and low-dose contrast cohorts (57% vs. 70%, P=.39). The low-dose contrast protocol was associated with a significantly less contrast volume compared to standard contrast protocol (127±18 ml vs 76±55 ml, P<.001). Individuals imaged using low-dose (n=16) versus standard (n=17) contrast protocols received 80% less contrast volume (23±10 vs. 125±23 ml, P<.001). There was similar graded image quality (3.8±0.4 vs. 3.9±0.3, P=.76) and interpretability (100% for each, P=1.0) between standard and low-dose contrast protocol groups. There was no significant difference in rates of CIN after CTA between standard and low-dose contrast protocol groups (10% vs. 3%, P=.55), with no CIN events in those imaged by low-dose CTA. There were no major vascular injuries associated with TAVR or pigtail insertion, no major bleeding for CTA, and no noninterpretable studies in all patients.CONCLUSION: In this proof-of-principle study, a low-dose contrast protocol appears feasible and safe in octogenarians and nonagenarians undergoing screening for TAVR, and results in significant reduction in contrast load as compared to a standard contrast protocol without observed differences in image quality or safety.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiography', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Contrast Media', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement']
| 25,982,494
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['E04.100.376.485.500', 'E04.650.410.500', 'E04.928.220.410.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Systemic bleeding including pulmonary haemorrhage following hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale hypnale) envenoming: A case report from Sri Lanka.
|
Out of seven venomous land snake species of Sri Lanka, hump-nosed pit viper (Hypnale spp.) causes the commonest venomous snakebites. It is widely distributed all over the country except in the peninsula of Jaffna. The genus has three species naming H. hypnale, H. zara and H. nepa. They frequently cause local envenoming and rarely cause coagulopathy and acute kidney injury. Systemic bleeding is the most trivial complication associated with coagulopathy caused by these snakes and pulmonary haemorrhages are one of them which are rarely reported. Antivenoms are currently not available for genus Hypnale bites in Sri Lanka. We describe a fatal case of pulmonary haemorrhage caused by a proven hump-nosed viper (Hypnale hypnale) bite associated with other systemic bleeding manifestations and thrombotic microangiopathy. This is the first known case of pulmonary and intracranial haemorrhages caused by hump-nosed viper bite.
|
['Aged', 'Animals', 'Crotalid Venoms', 'Crotalinae', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Lung Diseases', 'Male', 'Snake Bites', 'Sri Lanka']
| 31,513,811
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D20.888.850.960.200', 'D23.946.833.850.960.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.833.672.125.937.240'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381'], ['C25.723.127.442', 'C26.176.724'], ['Z01.252.245.840', 'Z01.639.520.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Mutations in TRAPPC12 Manifest in Progressive Childhood Encephalopathy and Golgi Dysfunction.
|
Progressive childhood encephalopathy is an etiologically heterogeneous condition characterized by progressive central nervous system dysfunction in association with a broad range of morbidity and mortality. The causes of encephalopathy can be either non-genetic or genetic. Identifying the genetic causes and dissecting the underlying mechanisms are critical to understanding brain development and improving treatments. Here, we report that variants in TRAPPC12 result in progressive childhood encephalopathy. Three individuals from two unrelated families have either a homozygous deleterious variant (c.145delG [p.Glu49Argfs?14]) or compound-heterozygous variants (c.360dupC [p.Glu121Argfs?7] and c.1880C>T [p. Ala627Val]). The clinical phenotypes of the three individuals are strikingly similar: severe disability, microcephaly, hearing loss, spasticity, and characteristic brain imaging findings. Fibroblasts derived from all three individuals showed a fragmented Golgi that could be rescued by expression of wild-type TRAPPC12. Protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to and through the Golgi was delayed. TRAPPC12 is a member of the TRAPP protein complex, which functions in membrane trafficking. Variants in several other genes encoding members of the TRAPP complex have been associated with overlapping clinical presentations, indicating shared and distinct functions for each complex member. Detailed understanding of the TRAPP-opathies will illuminate the role of membrane protein transport in human disease.
|
['Atrophy', 'Base Sequence', 'Brain', 'Brain Diseases', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Child, Preschool', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Exome', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Golgi Apparatus', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Membrane Transport Proteins', 'Protein Transport', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Transcription Factors']
| 28,777,934
|
[['C23.300.070'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A08.186.211'], ['C10.228.140'], ['A11.251'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['G05.360.340.011'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D12.776.157.530', 'D12.776.543.585'], ['G03.143.700'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Systemic uptake of 5-aminosalicylic acid from olsalazine and eudragit L coated mesalazine in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission.
|
UNLABELLED: Aminosalicylates are used to maintain remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. Since there are potential systemic side effects of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and long term treatment is necessary for maintenance therapy preparations with low rates of absorption in the small intestine would be optimal for this indication. In this trial olsalazine (Dipentum), a 5-ASA dimer, and an eudragit L coated mesalazine preparation (Salofalk) were compared.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical and endoscopical remission were randomized in a cross over design. They either received a 2 x 2 capsules of olsalazine 250 mg or 3 x 2 tablets mesalazine 250 mg, these being the doses recommended for maintenance therapy. After a five days equilibration period morning pre-dose serum samples and 24 hour urine were collected on two consecutive days and analyzed for 5-ASA and acetylated 5-ASA. Subsequently, patients were crossed over to receive the alternative preparation and were evaluated after five days correspondingly.RESULTS: Uptake of 5-ASA from mesalazine was significantly higher than from olsalazine (p < 0.0001). Plasma concentrations of 5-ASA were 3.4 times and of acetyl-5-ASA 3.2 times higher after mesalazine administration than after olsalazine. The same applies to the 24 hour 5-ASA and acetyl-5-ASA urinary excretion (median: 3.2 versus 1.0 mmol/24 hr) as well as to the percentage of administered dose (32.4 versus 17.7%). All patients finished the trial and no major systemic side effects occured with either preparation.CONCLUSION: Systemic uptake of 5-ASA from olsalazine was significantly lower than from eudragit L coated mesalazine. Therefore, olsalazine is less likely to produce side effects and seems to be especially suited for maintenance therapy in ulcerative colitis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aminosalicylic Acids', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal', 'Biotransformation', 'Colitis, Ulcerative', 'Convalescence', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Absorption', 'Male', 'Mesalamine', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymethacrylic Acids']
| 8,686,349
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D02.241.223.100.300.595.100', 'D02.241.511.390.595.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.100', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.100'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040.500', 'D27.505.954.158.030', 'D27.505.954.329.030'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['C06.405.205.265.231', 'C06.405.205.731.249', 'C06.405.469.158.188.231', 'C06.405.469.432.249'], ['C23.550.291.562'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G03.015.500.374.500', 'G03.787.024.500.374.500', 'G07.203.650.372.500', 'G07.690.725.015.500.374.500', 'G10.261.353.500'], ['D02.241.223.100.050.300.500', 'D02.241.223.100.300.595.100.540', 'D02.241.511.390.595.100.540', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.020.452.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.127.281.595.100.540', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.100.540'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.241.081.069.800', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The subcellular localization of transglutaminase in normal liver and in glucagon-treated and partial hepatectomized rats.
|
Rat liver was homogenized in isotonic sucrose and subjected to analytical subcellular fractionation by sucrose density-gradient centrifugation. Transglutaminase, when assayed with putrescine and dimethylcasein as substrates, showed three distinct localizations, cytosol (73%), plasma membrane (20%), and nuclei (7%). The distribution was unaffected by homogenization in the presence of potassium chloride, indicating that the particulate activity was not due to adsorbed cytosolic enzyme. The specific activity and subcellular distribution of transglutaminase in rats which had received intra-peritoneal glucagon, stimulating endocytosis, or which had been subjected to sub-total hepatectomy 2, 16, or 32 h previously, showed no significant difference from control animals.
|
['Acyltransferases', 'Animals', 'Cell Fractionation', 'Cell Membrane', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Cytosol', 'Glucagon', 'Hepatectomy', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Transglutaminases']
| 6,141,821
|
[['D08.811.913.050'], ['B01.050'], ['E05.242.251'], ['A11.284.149'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['E04.210.556'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D08.811.913.050.200.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Atopic keratoconjunctivitis: probably a risk factor for the development of conjuntival carcinoma].
|
BACKGROUND: Almost half of the patients with atopic dermatitis experience chronic inflammation of the eyelids, the conjunctiva and the cornea. Chronic inflammation is a possible cause for the development of malignancies, especially if associated with some kind of immunological defect as in atopic patients. So far, a correlation between atopic conjunctivitis and conjunctival malignancies has not yet been reported. Here, we present 7 atopic patients with conjunctival carcinoma or carcinoma in situ detected between February 2000 and August 2001.PATIENTS: All 7 patients had a long history of atopic dermatitis and chronic of inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea. In all patients smears were examined by cytology and DNA cytometry. Furthermore, in 6 of the 7 patients a histopathological examination of conjunctival biopsies was performed.RESULTS: In 4 of the 7 patients invasive conjunctival carcinoma and in 2 carcinoma in situ were detected. Cytology and cytometry revealed conjunctival carcinoma or carcinoma in situ in the remaining patient. Histopathological examination could not be performed since the patient refused to have a conjunctival biopsy.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that atopic keratoconjunctivitis might be a risk factor for the development of conjunctival carcinoma.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Conjunctival Neoplasms', 'Conjunctivitis, Allergic', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Keratoconjunctivitis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Precancerous Conditions', 'Risk Assessment', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 14,618,353
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.364.235', 'C11.187.169', 'C11.319.217'], ['C11.187.183.200', 'C20.543.480.200'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C11.187.183.394', 'C11.204.564.585'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.834'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Media coverage and children's reactions to disaster with implications for primary care and public health.
|
To address the potential for media coverage of traumatic events to generate fear reactions in children, we examined exposure and reactions to media coverage of the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing in children attending a middle school 100 miles from the disaster site two and three years after the event. Many of the children studied recalled feeling "afraid," "sad," or "mad" in relation to initial media coverage. Overall exposure and reactions to bomb-related media coverage declined over the three years. However, these reactions persisted for some children and, when they did, the reactions were related to exposure to coverage right after the bombing. Approximately one-fourth of the children recalled that the bombing made them feel "a lot" less safe in their home, school, and/or neighborhood. These perceptions persisted for approximately 10% of the children. Our Findings suggest the importance of primary care and public health interventions to determine and monitor children's reactions.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Age Factors', 'Child', 'Child Welfare', 'Disasters', 'Humans', 'Mass Media', 'Primary Health Care', 'Psychometrics', 'Public Health', 'Social Perception', 'Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Terrorism']
| 19,177,993
|
[['F01.058'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.880.787.293'], ['N06.230.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.178.590'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['F04.711.780'], ['H02.403.720', 'N01.400.550', 'N06.850'], ['F02.463.593.752'], ['F03.950.750.500'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['I01.198.240.856.800', 'I01.880.735.900.800']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ecological engineering practices for the reduction of excess nitrogen in human-influenced landscapes: a guide for watershed managers.
|
Excess nitrogen (N) in freshwater systems, estuaries, and coastal areas has well-documented deleterious effects on ecosystems. Ecological engineering practices (EEPs) may be effective at decreasing nonpoint source N leaching to surface and groundwater. However, few studies have synthesized current knowledge about the functioning principles, performance, and cost of common EEPs used to mitigate N pollution at the watershed scale. Our review describes seven EEPs known to decrease N to help watershed managers select the most effective techniques from among the following approaches: advanced-treatment septic systems, low-impact development (LID) structures, permeable reactive barriers, treatment wetlands, riparian buffers, artificial lakes and reservoirs, and stream restoration. Our results show a broad range of N-removal effectiveness but suggest that all techniques could be optimized for N removal by promoting and sustaining conditions conducive to biological transformations (e.g., denitrification). Generally, N-removal efficiency is particularly affected by hydraulic residence time, organic carbon availability, and establishment of anaerobic conditions. There remains a critical need for systematic empirical studies documenting N-removal efficiency among EEPs and potential environmental and economic tradeoffs associated with the widespread use of these techniques. Under current trajectories of N inputs, land use, and climate change, ecological engineering alone may be insufficient to manage N in many watersheds, suggesting that N-pollution source prevention remains a critical need. Improved understanding of N-removal effectiveness and modeling efforts will be critical in building decision support tools to help guide the selection and application of best EEPs for N management.
|
['Ecology', 'Ecosystem', 'Nitrogen', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Supply', 'Wetlands']
| 23,180,248
|
[['H01.158.273.248', 'H01.277.249'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['J01.293.821.500'], ['G16.500.275.157.812', 'N06.230.124.625']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A simple chromatographic method for purification of egg lecithin.
|
Egg lecithin was purified from the CdCl2-lecithin complex by column chromatography on Alumina. The yield from 5 eggs was 2.8 g. The purified lecithin had correct chemical values for pure lecithin and a fatty acid composition similar to lecithin prepared by other methods. The method probably can be adapted for purification of other lipids containing the phosphocholine moiety and for purification of synthetic lecithin.
|
['Aluminum Oxide', 'Chromatography, Gas', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Egg Yolk', 'Fatty Acids', 'Female', 'Phosphatidylcholines']
| 7,190,638
|
[['D01.056.050', 'D01.650.550.050'], ['E05.196.181.349'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['A16.690.325', 'G07.203.300.470.800', 'J02.500.470.800'], ['D10.251'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dose reduction in helical CT: dynamically adjustable z-axis X-ray beam collimation.
|
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to measure the dose reduction achieved with dynamically adjustable z-axis collimation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A commercial CT system was used to acquire CT scans with and without dynamic z-axis collimation. Dose reduction was measured as a function of pitch, scan length, and position for total incident radiation in air at isocenter, accumulated dose to the center of the scan volume, and accumulated dose to a point at varying distances from a scan volume of fixed length. Image noise was measured at the beginning and center of the scan.RESULTS: The reduction in total incident radiation in air at isocenter varied between 27% and 3% (pitch, 0.5) and 46% and 8% (pitch, 1.5) for scan lengths of 20 and 500 mm, respectively. Reductions in accumulated dose to the center of the scan were 15% and 29% for pitches of 0.5 and 1.5 for 20-mm scans. For scan lengths greater than 300 mm, dose savings were less than 3% for all pitches. Dose reductions 80 mm or farther from a 100-mm scan range were 15% and 40% for pitches of 0.5 and 1.5. With dynamic z-axis collimation, noise at the extremes of a helical scan was unchanged relative to noise at the center. Estimated reductions in effective dose were 16% (0.4 mSv) for the head, 10% (0.8 and 1.4 mSv) for the chest and liver, 6% (0.8 mSv) for the abdomen and pelvis, and 4% (0.4 mSv) and 55% (1.0 mSv) for coronary CT angiography at pitches of 0.2 and 3.4.CONCLUSION: Use of dynamic z-axis collimation reduces dose in helical CT by minimizing overscanning. Percentage dose reductions are larger for shorter scan lengths and greater pitch values.
|
['Humans', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Radiation Dosage', 'Radiation Protection', 'Tomography, Spiral Computed']
| 20,028,890
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.671'], ['E05.799.513', 'G01.750.740', 'N06.850.810.250'], ['N06.850.810.425'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.800', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.800', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.800', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Establishment of bovine mammary epithelial cells (MAC-T): an in vitro model for bovine lactation.
|
The hallmark of differentiated mammary epithelial cells is a copious secretion of milk-specific components regulated by lactogenic hormones. We describe an established clonal cell line produced from primary bovine mammary alveolar cells (MAC-T) by stable transfection with SV-40 large T-antigen. MAC-T cells show a population doubling time of approximately 17 h and have been cultured more than 350 passages without showing any sign of senescence. They show the characteristic "cobblestone" morphology of epithelial cells when grown on plastic substratum. Differentiation was induced by augmenting cell-cell interaction on a floating collagen gel in the presence of prolactin. The differentiated phenotype was characterized to include (1) increased abundance in beta-casein mRNA, (2) increased number and size of indirect immunofluorescent casein secretory vesicles in each cell and (3) alpha s- and beta-casein protein secretion. The clonal nature of the cells, their immortality, and their ability to uniformly differentiate and secrete casein proteins make this cell line unique.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming', 'Caseins', 'Cattle', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Clone Cells', 'Culture Techniques', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Female', 'Kinetics', 'Lactation', 'Mammary Glands, Animal', 'Models, Biological', 'Molecular Weight', 'Simian virus 40', 'Temperature', 'Transfection']
| 1,659,986
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.624.664.520.090', 'D12.776.964.700.090', 'D23.050.285.062.090', 'D23.050.327.062.090'], ['D12.776.256.159.750.207', 'D12.776.744.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['A11.251.353'], ['E05.481.500'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['A10.336.482', 'A13.589'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G02.494'], ['B04.280.210.700.615.700', 'B04.613.204.670.615.700'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Acting and Feeling Like a Vulnerable Child, an Internalized "Bad" Parent, or a Healthy Person: The Assessment of Schema Modes in Non-Clinical Adolescents.
|
Schema modes are strong, predominant, momentary (state-like) emotional and cognitive states, and maladaptive coping responses that occur when underlying personality schemas are activated by emotional events. The current study employed the Schema Mode Inventory for Adolescents (SMI-A) to assess such schema modes in a sample of non-clinical adolescents (n = 530). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the hypothesized model of the SMI-A with 14 separate schema modes provided a good fit for the data. Reliability coefficients for the various schema modes were all in the adequate to good range. Finally, the validity of the SMI-A was supported by significant and meaningful relations between schema modes on the one hand and early maladaptive schema domains, symptoms of psychopathology, and quality of life on the other. Taken together, the psychometric properties of the SMI-A are promising, and the SMI-A can be considered a viable instrument to assess schema modes in adolescents.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adolescent', 'Child', 'Defense Mechanisms', 'Emotions', 'Factor Analysis, Statistical', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Parenting', 'Parents', 'Personality', 'Personality Disorders', 'Personality Inventory', 'Psychometrics', 'Quality of Life', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Vulnerable Populations']
| 26,305,395
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.393'], ['F01.470'], ['E05.318.740.400', 'N05.715.360.750.350', 'N06.850.520.830.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.263.370.310'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F01.752'], ['F03.675'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['M01.965']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Correlation between pigment production and amino acid requirements in Bacillus subtilis.
|
Several Bacillus subtilis W-23 auxotrophs were unable to produce wild-type pigment normally on minimal agars supplemented sufficiently for growth. This offers a reliable means for scoring genotypes.
|
['Agar', 'Amino Acids', 'Bacillus subtilis', 'Genetics, Microbial', 'Genotype', 'Mutation', 'Pigments, Biological', 'Transduction, Genetic']
| 4,988,046
|
[['D09.698.360.041'], ['D12.125'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['H01.158.273.343.330', 'H01.158.273.540.367'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D23.767'], ['E05.393.350.800', 'G05.728.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Isotopic findings in anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery: report of an adult case.
|
Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the main pulmonary trunk results in myocardial ischemia or infarction, and may be a cause of death in the first months of life. Some patients, however, develop satisfactory coronary collateral circulation and remain asymptomatic into adulthood. In these patients, myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function are not well understood. We report the case of a 17-yr-old female patient, suffering from anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the main pulmonary trunk, who underwent reimplantation of the left coronary artery to the aorta. The preoperative permanent 201Tl defect of the left antero-lateral ventricular wall and the abnormal regional wall motion induced by stress exercise testing were fully reversed after the operation.
|
['Adolescent', 'Coronary Vessel Anomalies', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Gated Blood-Pool Imaging', 'Heart Defects, Congenital', 'Humans', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Syndrome', 'Technetium', 'Thallium Radioisotopes', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon']
| 1,880,581
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C14.240.400.210', 'C14.280.400.210', 'C16.131.240.400.210'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['E01.370.350.130.500.750', 'E01.370.350.130.937.350', 'E01.370.350.710.715.710.350', 'E01.370.370.050.650.650.350', 'E01.370.370.380.710.350', 'E01.370.384.730.715.710.350'], ['C14.240.400', 'C14.280.400', 'C16.131.240.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['D01.268.271.870', 'D01.268.556.843', 'D01.268.956.875', 'D01.496.749.305.870', 'D01.552.544.843'], ['D01.496.749.900'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A comparative analysis of the transcriptome profiles of liver and muscle tissue in pigs divergent for feed efficiency.
|
BACKGROUND: The improvement of feed efficiency is a key economic goal within the pig production industry. The objective of this study was to examine transcriptomic differences in both the liver and muscle of pigs divergent for feed efficiency, thus improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms influencing feed efficiency and enabling the identification of candidate biomarkers. Residual feed intake (RFI) was calculated for two populations of pigs from two different farms of origin/genotype. The 6 most efficient (LRFI) and 6 least efficient (HRFI) animals from each population were selected for further analysis of Longissimus Dorsi muscle (n = 22) and liver (n = 23). Transcriptomic data were generated from liver and muscle collected post-slaughter.RESULTS: The transcriptomic data segregated based on the RFI value of the pig rather than genotype/farm of origin. A total of 6463 genes were identified as being differentially expressed (DE) in muscle, while 964 genes were identified as being DE in liver. Genes that were commonly DE between muscle and liver (n = 526) were used for the multi-tissue analysis. These 526 genes were associated with protein targeting to membrane, extracellular matrix organisation and immune function. In the muscle-only analysis, genes associated with RNA processing, protein synthesis and energy metabolism were down regulated in the LRFI animals while in the liver-only analysis, genes associated with cell signalling and lipid homeostasis were up regulated in the LRFI animals.CONCLUSIONS: Differences in the transcriptome segregated on pig RFI value rather than the genotype/farm of origin. Multi-tissue analysis identified that genes associated with GO terms protein targeting to membrane, extracellular matrix organisation and a range of terms relating to immune function were over represented in the differentially expressed genes of both liver and muscle.
|
['Animals', 'Eating', 'Liver', 'Muscles', 'Swine', 'Transcriptome']
| 31,170,913
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['A03.620'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Silencing GhNDR1 and GhMKK2 compromises cotton resistance to Verticillium wilt.
|
Cotton is an important cash crop worldwide, and is a significant source of fiber, feed, foodstuff, oil and biofuel products. Considerable effort has been expended to increase sustainable yield and quality through molecular breeding and genetic engineering of new cotton cultivars. Given the recent availability of the whole-genome sequence of cotton, it is necessary to develop molecular tools and resources for large-scale analysis of gene functions at the genome-wide level. We have successfully developed an Agrobacterium-mediated virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay in several cotton cultivars with various genetic backgrounds. The genes of interest were potently and readily silenced within 2 weeks after inoculation at the seedling stage. Importantly, we showed that silencing GhNDR1 and GhMKK2 compromised cotton resistance to the infection by Verticillium dahliae, a fungal pathogen causing Verticillium wilt. Furthermore, we developed a cotton protoplast system for transient gene expression to study gene functions by a gain-of-function approach. The viable protoplasts were isolated from green cotyledons, etiolated cotyledons and true leaves, and responded to a wide range of pathogen elicitors and phytohormones. Remarkably, cotton plants possess conserved, but also distinct, MAP kinase activation with Arabidopsis upon bacterial elicitor flagellin perception. Thus, using gene silencing assays, we have shown that GhNDR1 and GhMKK2 are required for Verticillium resistance in cotton, and have developed high throughput loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays for functional genomic studies in cotton.
|
['DNA, Plant', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Gene Silencing', 'Genes, Plant', 'Gossypium', 'Immunity, Innate', 'Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Proteins', 'Protoplasts', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transfection', 'Verticillium']
| 21,219,508
|
[['D13.444.308.435'], ['G05.308.375'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.393', 'G05.360.340.365.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500.244'], ['G12.450.564'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.565', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.200', 'D12.644.360.440', 'D12.776.476.440'], ['G15.610'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A11.789'], ['D12.776.930'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['B01.300.381.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Negative-FLAIR vascular hyperintensities serve as a marker of no recanalization during hospitalization in acute stroke.
|
BACKGROUND: Since acute fluid-attenuated inversion recovery vascular hyperintensity (FVH) is indicative of disordered blood flow, FVH is considered a marker of acute major arterial occlusion. Conversely, the role of the absence of FVH (negative-FVH) remains unknown.METHODS: Consecutive stroke patients were studied via magnetic resonance angiography, within 24 h of onset and major arterial occlusion. All patients were examined using serial angiography to evaluate the presence of recanalization. Patients were classified into negative-FVH and positive-FVH groups.RESULTS: A total of 72 patients (49 [68%] male patients, aged 76 [66-83] years) were enrolled. Ten patients were allocated to the negative-FVH group and 62 to the positive-FVH group. Initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 4 (2-8) in the negative-FVH group and 10 (4-21) in the positive-FVH group (p = 0.012). Recanalization was achieved in 1 (10%) of the 10 patients in the negative-FVH group and in 49 (79%) of the 62 patients in the positive-FVH group during hospitalization (p < 0.001). Patients with recanalization were older (p = 0.023), had higher NIHSS score (p = 0.008), were admitted earlier (p = 0.014), exhibited a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation (p = 0.010) and anterior circulation occlusion (p = 0.021), and were more frequently treated with hyperacute recanalization therapy (p = 0.004). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that negative-FVH (odds ratio 0.087, 95% confidential interval [0.008-0.988], p = 0.049) was a negative independent factor associated with recanalization during hospitalization.CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, negative-FVH in acute stroke was associated with lack of recanalization during hospitalization.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stroke']
| 31,836,384
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.907.137'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of sodium hydroxide exposure on esophageal epithelial cells in an in vitro ovine model: implications for esophagus tissue engineering.
|
BACKGROUND: Esophagus tissue engineering holds promises for esophageal replacement after severe caustic injuries. The aim of this study was to determine whether viable esophageal epithelial cells could be isolated from an esophagus exposed to varying concentrations of alkali with regard to number, viability, and morphology during in vitro culture.METHODS: Ovine esophagi were exposed to phosphate-buffered saline 2.5%, 15%, or 25% sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The effect of NaOH concentrations on epithelial damage was assessed histologically. Esophageal epithelial cells were then isolated, and cell count and viability were investigated. Finally, cell number, viability, and morphology of esophageal epithelial cells were determined for 24 days of in vitro culture.RESULTS: Histologic analysis showed a progressive destruction of the epithelium proportional to increasing NaOH concentrations. Esophagi treated with phosphate-buffered saline and 2.5% NaOH showed significantly higher viable cell counts after isolation and culture in comparison with those treated with 15% to 5% NaOH.CONCLUSION: The evidence presented in this study indicates that epithelial biopsies from an esophagus exposed to low concentrations (2.5%) of NaOH will still yield large numbers of viable cells suitable for tissue engineering applications. In cases of exposure to higher concentrations (15%-25%), alternative cell sources for epithelial regeneration, such as stem cells, will be necessary for tissue engineering applications.
|
['Animals', 'Biopsy', 'Caustics', 'Cell Count', 'Cell Survival', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Esophagus', 'Sheep', 'Sodium Hydroxide', 'Tissue Engineering']
| 22,595,564
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['D27.720.185', 'D27.888.569.185'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['G04.346'], ['A11.251'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.436'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D01.045.250.750', 'D01.248.497.158.459.475', 'D01.857.745'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of blueberry juice on clearance of buspirone and flurbiprofen in human volunteers.
|
AIM: The present study evaluated the possibility of drug interactions involving blueberry juice (BBJ) and substrate drugs whose clearance is dependent on cytochromes P4503A (CYP3A) and P4502C9 (CYP2C9).METHODS: A 50:50 mixture of lowbush and highbush BBJ was evaluated in vitro as an inhibitor of CYP3A activity (hydroxylation of triazolam and dealkylation of buspirone) and of CYP2C9 activity (flurbiprofen hydroxylation) using human liver microsomes. In clinical studies, clearance of oral buspirone and oral flurbiprofen was studied in healthy volunteers with and without co-treatment with BBJ.RESULTS: BBJ inhibited CYP3A and CYP2C9 activity in vitro, with 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) of less than 2%, but without evidence of mechanism-based (irreversible) inhibition. Grapefruit juice (GFJ) also inhibited CYP3A activity, but inhibitory potency was increased by pre-incubation, consistent with mechanism-based inhibition. In clinical studies, GFJ significantly increased area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for the CYP3A substrate buspirone. The geometric mean ratio (GMR = AUC with GFJ divided by AUC with water) was 2.12. In contrast, the effect of BBJ (GMR = 1.39) was not significant. In the study of flurbiprofen (CYP2C9 substrate), the positive control inhibitor fluconazole significantly increased flurbiprofen AUC (GMR = 1.71), but BBJ had no significant effect (GMR = 1.03).CONCLUSION: The increased buspirone AUC associated with BBJ is quantitatively small and could have occurred by chance. BBJ has no effect on flurbiprofen AUC. The studies provide no evidence for concern about clinically important pharmacokinetic drug interactions of BBJ with substrate drugs metabolized by CYP3A or CYP2C9.
|
['Adult', 'Anthocyanins', 'Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases', 'Beverages', 'Blueberry Plants', 'Buspirone', 'Citrus paradisi', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A', 'Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors', 'Drug Interactions', 'Female', 'Fluconazole', 'Flurbiprofen', 'Food-Drug Interactions', 'Furocoumarins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Microsomes, Liver', 'Middle Aged', 'Phenols']
| 22,943,633
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450.087', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.087', 'D09.408.084', 'D23.767.124'], ['D08.244.453.005', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.010', 'D12.776.422.220.453.010'], ['G07.203.100', 'J02.200'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.341.937.774.249'], ['D02.455.426.779.120', 'D03.383.606.210', 'D03.383.742.120', 'D04.711.120'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.875.177.538'], ['D08.244.453.491.500.500', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.450.500.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.491.500.500'], ['D08.244.453.860.500', 'D08.811.682.662.582.353', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170.495.500', 'D12.776.422.220.453.860.500'], ['D27.505.389.500.503', 'D27.505.519.389.335.503'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D03.383.129.799.450'], ['D02.241.081.751.161', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.350'], ['G07.690.773.968.511'], ['D03.383.663.283.446.794', 'D03.633.100.150.446.794', 'D03.633.300.770'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.284.835.540.541'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Age dependence of serum beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (NAG) activity.
|
Serum N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG; EC 3.2.1.30) is a hexosaminidase and may be a predictor of vascular injury, e.g., in infant respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, broncho-pulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis. To estimate the new diagnostic prospects we have modified our urinary NAG assay. In this sensitive colorimetric micro-assay, VRA-GlcNAc was used as a substrate. In the present study the age dependence of serum NAG activity was investigated in newborn babies, infants (1-24 months), children (2-18 years) and adults (19-80 years). Serum NAG activity was found to be age-dependent; it is higher in early childhood (11-59 U/l) but decreases to a constant value at the age of 1-2 years. After the age of 2 years it is similar to adults' NAG (10-30 U/l). In pediatrics age-matched reference ranges must be taken into consideration.
|
['Acetylglucosamine', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Catalysis', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Clinical Enzyme Tests', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Spectrum Analysis', 'Statistical Distributions', 'Thiazoles', 'beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases']
| 15,080,564
|
[['D09.067.342.531.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G02.130'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.225.124.200', 'E05.196.427.200', 'E05.200.124.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.196.867'], ['E05.318.740.994', 'G17.820', 'N05.715.360.750.750', 'N06.850.520.830.994'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['D08.811.277.450.483.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
ROCK-1 mediates diabetes-induced retinal pigment epithelial and endothelial cell blebbing: Contribution to diabetic retinopathy.
|
In diabetic retinopathy, the exact mechanisms leading to retinal capillary closure and to retinal barriers breakdown remain imperfectly understood. Rho-associated kinase (ROCK), an effector of the small GTPase Rho, involved in cytoskeleton dynamic regulation and cell polarity is activated by hyperglycemia. In one year-old Goto Kakizaki (GK) type 2 diabetic rats retina, ROCK-1 activation was assessed by its cellular distribution and by phosphorylation of its substrates, MYPT1 and MLC. In both GK rat and in human type 2 diabetic retinas, ROCK-1 is activated and associated with non-apoptotic membrane blebbing in retinal vessels and in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) that respectively form the inner and the outer barriers. Activation of ROCK-1 induces focal vascular constrictions, endoluminal blebbing and subsequent retinal hypoxia. In RPE cells, actin cytoskeleton remodeling and membrane blebs in RPE cells contributes to outer barrier breakdown. Intraocular injection of fasudil, significantly reduces both retinal hypoxia and RPE barrier breakdown. Diabetes-induced cell blebbing may contribute to ischemic maculopathy and represent an intervention target.
|
['1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine', 'Aged', 'Animals', 'Biomarkers', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endothelial Cells', 'Female', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Rats', 'Retinal Pigment Epithelium', 'Retinal Vessels', 'rho-Associated Kinases']
| 28,821,742
|
[['D02.886.590.700.545', 'D03.383.606.527', 'D03.633.100.531.400'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D23.101'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.436.275'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A09.371.670.500', 'A09.371.729.887'], ['A07.015.611'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.814', 'D12.644.360.590', 'D12.776.476.595']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fluorometric detection of silver(I) using cytosine-Ag(I)-cytosine pair formation, DNA assembly and the AND logic operation of a multiple-component DNAzyme.
|
A nonenzymatic fluorometric assay is described for highly sensitive and selective detection of silver ion. It is making use of a controlled DNA assembly and an AND logic operation of a multiple-component DNAzyme (MNAzyme). It corresponds to an Ag(I)-responsive three-way junction (3-WJ) assembly. The tailored probes of the 3-WJ architecture were designed with complementary domains for subsequent assembly. Cytosine (C)-cytosine mismatches at one-way junction were set as the sensing element for Ag(I). Upon exposure to Ag(I) as an input, C-Ag(I)-C pairs are being formed. This enhances the binding energy between these separate probes and thus promotes the formation of a nanostructure that represents an AND logic assembly of MNAzyme with an amplified output signal. This results in an Ag(I)-induced increase in fluorescence which is measured best at excitation/emission maxima of 645/670 nm. The method displays high selectivity and sensitivity, has a 5 pM detection limit at 3ó and a dynamic range that extends from 10 pM to 100 nM. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of a new fluorescence system for determining silver ion by making use of cytosine-Ag(I)-cytosine pair formation, precisely-controlled DNA assembly and "AND" logic operation of multiple components DNAzyme (MNAzyme).
|
['Biosensing Techniques', 'Cytosine', 'DNA, Catalytic', 'Drinking Water', 'Fluorescence', 'Fluorometry', 'Limit of Detection', 'Logic', 'Rivers', 'Silver', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 31,292,764
|
[['E05.601.043'], ['D03.383.742.698.421'], ['D08.811.165', 'D08.811.913.696.445.735.265', 'D13.444.308.243'], ['D01.045.250.875.300', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650.300', 'D01.650.550.925.199', 'G07.203.100.418', 'J02.200.418'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['E05.196.712.516.600'], ['E05.318.740.872.374', 'N05.715.360.750.725.500', 'N06.850.520.830.872.500'], ['K01.752.448'], ['G01.311.750', 'G16.500.275.280.650', 'N06.230.232.650'], ['D01.268.556.812', 'D01.268.956.843', 'D01.552.544.812'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The surgical treatment of bronchial carcinoid adenoma: a personal experience.
|
Clinical and pathological observations on 7 resected cases of bronchial carcinoid have been reviewed. Bronchoscopy was the most definitive diagnostic procedure. Bronchoplastic procedures were the treatment of choice for these low-grade potentially malignant lesions. Indications for extensive lung resection were distal suppuration and tumor extention into the parenchyma. There were no operative deaths or major complications. All the patients are still alive (mean follow-up 39.4 months) with no recurrence of tumor.
|
['Adult', 'Bronchial Neoplasms', 'Carcinoid Tumor', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis']
| 6,671,894
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109', 'C08.127.265', 'C08.785.520.100'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.200', 'C04.557.470.200.025.200', 'C04.557.580.625.650.200'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Natural history of lesions with the MR imaging appearance of multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor.
|
PURPOSE: Multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) have been recently added to the WHO classification of CNS tumors and has not been extensively reported upon in the radiological literature. We report the first radiological and the largest series of cases, aiming to highlight the natural history of lesions with the imaging appearance of MVNT with long follow-up time.METHODS: In this retrospective study, we collected cases with the imaging appearance of MVNT. All lesions were evaluated by using routine MR imaging, with follow-up of up to 93 months. Patient demographics, clinical course, and MRI features of the lesions were recorded.RESULTS: Twenty-four subjects were enrolled, f/m = 16:8, age range 24-59 years, with a median age of 45 years. The patients' symptoms were often episodic and most frequently due to headaches in 12 (50%), visual symptoms in 6 (25%), seizures in 5 ± 1 (20-25%), paresthesia in 4 (~17%), cognitive difficulties in 4 (~17%), in addition to other variable neurological symptoms, or incidental. A total of 30 lesions identified, 77% of the lesions had gadolinium-enhanced MRI and only 13% showed enhancement. A 6.7% of the lesions that had MRI followed up showed progression, while the rest remained stable up to 93 months interval. All patients had intact neurological examinations (except one case that was diagnosed with optic neuritis), were managed conservatively, and did well.CONCLUSION: The natural history of lesions with imaging features of MVNT is overall stable from a clinical and imaging appearance over time.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Neoplasms', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms, Neuroepithelial', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 28,752,311
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.614.250.195', 'C10.228.140.211', 'C10.551.240.250'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.557.465.625.600', 'C04.557.470.670', 'C04.557.580.625.600'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Real-time orthogonal mode scanning of the heart. I. System design.
|
A necessary percursor to real-time three-dimensional echocardiographic imaging is the ability to obtain multiple planes of acoustic data simultaneously. A new ultrasound imaging technique facilitates the display of two real-time orthogonal B-mode images (O-mode). The O-mode technique uses a novel two-dimensional transducer and system processor to interrogate the two perpendicular planes simultaneously, yielding sector arcs that share one origin. It permits simultaneous display of two sector arcs on a single monitor either side by side or in a two-dimensional projection designed to convey the three-dimensional nature of the acoustic data. Clinical results from the first 50 patients undergoing O-mode evaluation indicate that image quality in the two simultaneously obtained planes is equal to that of a single plane when the system is operating in its conventional format. These data confirm the feasibility of real-time multiplane imaging. The system design offers the potential for the future addition of more simultaneous planes and, thus, the possibility of real-time three-dimensional ultrasound imaging.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Echocardiography', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pericardial Effusion']
| 3,711,484
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C14.280.695']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mutation analysis in spinal muscular atrophy using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction.
|
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by restriction digestion is universally used for molecular diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). In the present study, we have used a modified strategy based on amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR) to develop a rapid and reliable method for mutation detection and prenatal diagnosis in SMA patients. The telomeric (SMN1) and centromeric (SMN2) copies of exon 7 of the survival motor neuron (SMN) gene were amplified by ARMS-PCR, using primers specific to SMN1 and SMN2 nucleotide sequence with the exonic mismatch G (for SMN1) and A (for SMN2) at the 3' end. The PCR products were analyzed on agarose gels. All the patients who had homozygous deletion of exon 7 of SMN1 gene by conventional PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method showed the same deletion status by ARMS-PCR. This procedure showed a 100% concordance between PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR methods for the detection of SMN1/SMN2 status in patients with SMA. An artifact due to incomplete digestion is not a problem while using ARMS-PCR. The modified protocol is specific, rapid and highly reliable for use in prenatal diagnosis as well.
|
['Alleles', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Muscular Atrophy, Spinal', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis']
| 22,900,372
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.854.468', 'C10.574.562.500', 'C10.668.467.500'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.378.630']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical prediction score for identifying patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease/pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis.
|
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD) and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH) are rare causes of pulmonary hypertension. Although diagnosis is based on pathological findings, an early diagnosis is crucial because of poor prognosis compared to other types of pulmonary hypertension. Furthermore, vasodilators may cause fatal pulmonary edema in patients with PVOD/PCH. This study aimed to identify specific characteristics for patients with PVOD/PCH to clinically diagnose PVOD/PCH.METHODS: Clinical data were obtained at baseline and were compared between 19 patients with PVOD/PCH and 55 patients with idiopathic/heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were used to determine characteristics specific for patients with PVOD/PCH and a scoring system to diagnose PVOD/PCH was developed.RESULTS: Patients with PVOD/PCH had a smoking history and were predominantly male. Six-minute walk distance was significantly lower and oxygen desaturation was severe during the walk. Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide was significantly low. Radiological findings included ground glass opacity on chest high-resolution computed tomography (CT) in all patients with PVOD/PCH, and thickened septal lines in 90% of the patients. Lung perfusion scintigraphy showed defect in >70% of the patients. Pulmonary edema after initiation of vasodilation therapy was frequently observed in PVOD/PCH patients. Based on these results, we identified nine important clinical characteristics and a novel scoring system was designed to clinically diagnose PVOD/PCH: male sex, smoking history, 6-minute walk distance<285m, minimum SpO2<92% during the 6-minute walk test, %DLco<34%, ground glass opacity and thickening of the interlobular septa in high-resolution CT, defects in the perfusion lung scan, and pulmonary edema due to vasodilators. Score?5 points had 95% sensitivity and 98% specificity to predict PVOD/PCH (area under the curve: 0.991; 95% CI: 0.976-1.000).CONCLUSIONS: Our novel prediction rule for diagnosing PVOD/PCH may offer an early clinical diagnosis of these diseases.
|
['Adult', 'Area Under Curve', 'Early Diagnosis', 'Female', 'Hemangioma, Capillary', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Pulmonary', 'Lung', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pulmonary Artery', 'Pulmonary Edema', 'Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Smoking', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Vasodilator Agents', 'Walk Test']
| 29,548,663
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.740.200', 'G03.787.101', 'G07.690.725.064', 'N06.850.520.830.200'], ['E01.390'], ['C04.557.645.375.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.423', 'C14.907.489.556'], ['A04.411'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['A07.015.114.715'], ['C08.381.742'], ['C08.381.780', 'C14.907.690'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['D27.505.954.411.918'], ['E01.370.370.380.250.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
EIF3D silencing suppresses renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis via inducing G2/M arrest through downregulation of Cyclin B1/CDK1 signaling.
|
There are no effective therapies for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC), except for VEGFR inhibitors with only ~50% response rate. To identify novel targets and biomarkers for RCC is of great importance in treating RCC. In this study, we observed that eukaryotic initiation factor 3d (EIF3D) expression was significantly increased in RCC compared with paracarcinoma tissue using immunohistochemistry staining and western blot analysis. Furthermore, bioinformatics meta-analysis using ONCOMINE microarray datasets showed that EIF3D mRNA expressions in CCRCC tissue specimens were significantly higher than that in normal tissue specimens. In addition, RCC tissue microarray demonstrated that elevated EIF3D expression was positively correlated with TNM stage and tumor size. EIF3D silencing in human 786-O and ACHN CCRCC cell lines by RNA interference demonstrated that EIF3D knockdown obviously inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, caused G2/M arrest through downregulation of Cyclin B1 and Cdk1 and upregulation of p21, and induced apoptosis shown by sub-G1 accumulation and RARP cleavage. Moreover, correlation analysis using ONCOMINE microarray datasets indicated that increased EIF3D mRNA expression was positively correlated to PCNA, Cyclin B1 and CDK1 mRNA expression in RCC. Collectively, these results provide reasonable evidences that EIF3D may function as a potential proto-oncogene that participates in the occurrence and progression of RCC.
|
['CDC2 Protein Kinase', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cyclin B1', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinases', 'Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-3', 'G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Gene Silencing', 'Humans', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'RNA Interference', 'Signal Transduction']
| 27,035,563
|
[['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.500.250', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500.984.500', 'D12.644.360.250.067.249', 'D12.644.360.250.580.500', 'D12.776.167.200.067.249', 'D12.776.167.200.580.500', 'D12.776.476.250.067.249', 'D12.776.476.250.580.500', 'D12.776.744.360'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D12.644.360.262.120.100', 'D12.776.167.218.120.100', 'D12.776.476.262.120.100'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.500', 'D12.644.360.250', 'D12.776.167.200', 'D12.776.476.250'], ['D12.776.835.725.868.437'], ['G04.144.109.500', 'G04.144.500.340.500'], ['G05.308.370'], ['G05.308.203.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['E01.789.625'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Temporal variation in bacterial disease frequency: molecular population genetic analysis of scarlet fever epidemics in Ottawa and in eastern Germany.
|
In an effort to understand the molecular genetic basis of temporal variation in frequency and severity of bacterial disease, genetic relationships among strains of Streptococcus pyogenes that caused scarlet fever epidemics in Canada in the early 1940s and in eastern Germany in the 1960s to 1980s were studied. Application of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis and comparative sequencing of the gene (speA) encoding streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A (scarlet fever toxin) revealed that new waves of scarlet fever are associated with an increase in frequency of S. pyogenes clones carrying variant speA alleles. This finding suggests that the occurrence of new scarlet fever epidemics can be predicted by comprehensive monitoring of the frequency of S. pyogenes clones with variant toxin alleles.
|
['Alleles', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Disease Outbreaks', 'Electrophoresis', 'Exotoxins', 'Germany, East', 'Humans', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Ontario', 'Pyrogens', 'Scarlet Fever', 'Streptococcus pyogenes', 'Time Factors']
| 8,440,944
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['D12.776.097'], ['N06.850.290'], ['E05.196.401', 'E05.301.300'], ['D23.946.350'], ['Z01.586.338'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543'], ['Z01.107.567.176.639'], ['D27.888.569.673'], ['C01.150.252.410.890.823'], ['B03.353.750.737.872.575', 'B03.510.400.800.872.575', 'B03.510.550.737.872.575'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Epigenetic modifications in cutaneous malignant melanoma: EZH2, H3K4me2, and H3K27me3 immunohistochemical expression is enhanced at the invasion front of the tumor.
|
Cancer stem cells and the misregulation of epigenetic modifications have been identified to possess a determinative role in carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression profile of EZH2 and H3K4me2 and H3K27me3, which constitute stem cell-like "bivalent" domains, in cutaneous malignant melanoma. A comparative analysis of their immunohistochemical expression between the invasion front (IF) and the inner tumor mass was also evaluated. Immunohistochemical methodology was performed on sections of 89 melanoma lesions from 79 patients. The 3 markers studied were identified in the cell nuclei of melanoma cells, nevus cells, and normal epidermal keratinocytes. A specific distribution pattern of H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 was found, as stronger levels were localized at the IF of the tumor (P = 0.034 and P < 0.01, respectively). In general, H3K4me2 and H3K27me3 levels were lower in metastatic with respect to primary melanoma cases (P = 0.0065 and P = 0.027, respectively). Advanced melanoma demonstrated significantly lower H3K4 immunohistochemical expression than did cases of lowest Clark level (I) (P = 0.038) or low Breslow depth (?1 mm; P < 0.001). Furthermore, EZH2 expression in melanoma cells was higher compared with that in nevus cells (P = 0.02). A positive correlation between EZH2-H3K27me3 (P = 0.03) and H3K4me2-H3K27me3 (P < 0.01) in melanoma cells was also found. Our results suggest the possibility that combined immunohistochemical expression of EZH2, H3K4me2, and H3K27me3 might identify cancer cells with potential stem cell properties, particularly at the IF of this malignancy. This hypothesis should be further investigated, as many of the epigenetic changes are reversible via pharmacologic manipulations and new therapies, overpassing the resistance of advanced melanoma, may be developed.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein', 'Epigenesis, Genetic', 'Female', 'Histones', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Methylation', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplastic Stem Cells', 'Polycomb Repressive Complex 2', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 25,614,949
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D05.500.781.750.250', 'D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.600.200.250', 'D12.776.664.235.800.200.250', 'D12.776.930.780.890.200.250'], ['G05.308.203'], ['D12.776.157.687.485', 'D12.776.660.720.485', 'D12.776.664.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['G02.111.035.538', 'G02.607.094.538', 'G03.059.538'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['A11.872.650'], ['D05.500.781.750', 'D08.811.913.555.500.800.200.500.500', 'D12.776.660.235.600.200', 'D12.776.664.235.800.200', 'D12.776.930.780.890.200'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Dissolution behavior and in vitro evaluation of sputtered hydroxyapatite films subject to a low temperature hydrothermal treatment.
|
Hydroxyapatite (HA) was coated onto titanium substrates using radio frequency sputtering. Some of the as-sputtered films were hydrothermally recrystallized at 110 degrees C. In immersion tests, the as-sputtered film completely dissolved after 2 days in a culture medium, whereas the thickness of hydrothermally treated films increased with an increase in immersion period, reaching a thickness of 127% after a period of 4 weeks. The proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells on the as-sputtered and hydrothermally treated films were investigated, and the cell morphology was also observed using scanning electron microscopy. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the as-sputtered films was suppressed, whereas proliferation on the hydrothermally treated films was comparable to that on control and titanium substrate. The suppression of cell proliferation is associated with an increase in pH of the culture medium caused by dissolution of the as-sputtered film. After a 96-h culture time, the ALP activity of the cells on the hydrothermally treated film was higher than that on the control, titanium substrate, and as-sputtered film samples. From scanning electron microscopic observations, it was found that the MC3T3-E1 cells on the hydrothermally treated films were elongated and had established more intricate filopodia networks with each other, which were also observed for MC3T3-E1 cells on the as-sputtered films after a period of 24 h.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Crystallization', 'Durapatite', 'Hot Temperature', 'Materials Testing', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Osteoblasts', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Surface Properties', 'Titanium']
| 16,278,871
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['E05.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['A11.329.629'], ['E07.695'], ['G02.860'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Inducible proteinase of Candida albicans in diagnostic serology and in the pathogenesis of systemic candidosis.
|
The extracellular acid proteinase of Candida albicans was purified from culture filtrates by a single-column chromatographic step. The purity of the enzyme and its unique antigenic properties were confirmed by polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and by reaction with homologous and heterologous anti-sera. The purified enzyme (PP), which was a carboxyl proteinase, contained mannan as an integral part of the molecule. C. albicans proteinase was detected in experimental candida kidney lesions by indirect immunoflourescence. Precipitating antibodies to PP and to cytoplasmic extract (CE) were detected in sera from rabbits with chronic, experimental, systemic candidosis; however precipitins to PP were not found in sera from infected rabbits in which tissue invasion was prevented by antifungal treatment. In retrospective tests with sera from healthy subjects and from patients with and without proven systemic candidosis a qualitative distinction between true and false-positive precipitins to PP was not found; however, whereas 72% of sera from proven cases of deep-seated candida infection had anti-PP titres greater than 4 and greater than or equal to anti-CE titres, these same quantitative criteria were met by only 15% of sera from patients for whom information of a diagnosis of candidosis was not available. The purified proteinase was therefore a more specific antigen than the widely used cytoplasmic extract for detection of antibodies in cases of candidosis.
|
['Animals', 'Candida albicans', 'Candidiasis', 'Endopeptidases', 'Enzyme Induction', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Rabbits', 'Serologic Tests']
| 6,997,486
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.300.107.795.095.326', 'B01.300.381.147.326', 'B01.300.930.176.326'], ['C01.150.703.160'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['G05.308.320.200'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E01.370.225.812.735', 'E05.200.812.735', 'E05.478.594.760']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of the efficacy of cetirizine and terfenadine. A double-blind, controlled study of chronic idiopathic urticaria.
|
In a 20-d, double-blind, randomized, parallel study, the efficacy of cetirizine and terfenadine was compared in 30 patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria. Subjects were randomly divided into two 15-patient groups. The first group was given cetirizine (10 mg once daily); the second terfenadine (60 mg twice daily). Cetirizine proved to be more effective than terfenadine in controlling urticaria symptoms. In fact, the score of the investigators' overall assessment was significantly lower in the cetirizine-treated group than in the terfenadine-treated group. Moreover, patient evaluation by a visual analog scale and symptoms assessed on a 4-point scale showed a better improvement in the cetirizine group. The number and severity of side-effects were similar in both treatment groups.
|
['Adult', 'Cetirizine', 'Chronic Disease', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Humans', 'Terfenadine', 'Urticaria']
| 8,368,464
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D03.383.606.515.200'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.115.800', 'D03.383.621.855'], ['C17.800.862.945', 'C20.543.480.904']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Methylbromide intoxication: a case report.
|
This work focuses on the neurophysiological features in a patient with action myoclonus and mental deterioration following methylbromide intoxication. The patient is a 28-year-old man, without respiratory distress or exposure to other toxics. Myoclonus improved with polytherapy (clonazepam, 5-HT, carbidopa, GABA). The neurophysiological and neuropsychological evidence in this patient suggests a possible double site of action of methylbromide at cortical and subcortical levels.
|
['Adult', 'Carbidopa', 'Clonazepam', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsies, Myoclonic', 'Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Humans', 'Hydrocarbons, Brominated', 'Male', 'Myoclonus', 'Reaction Time', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 1,373,251
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.092.311.200.538.200', 'D02.442.200', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.538.200'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.150'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.130', 'C10.228.140.490.493.063'], ['C10.228.140.490.375.290'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.455.526.368'], ['C10.597.350.500', 'C23.888.592.350.500'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[In vitro emergence of ertapenem resistance in Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum â-lactamase].
|
INTRODUCTION: The occurrence of community-associated infections due to extended-spectrum â-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli is increasing worldwide. These organisms are frequently resistant to many of the antimicrobial agents but remain susceptible to carbapenems. We investigated the in vitro emergence of carbapenem resistance in a collection of clinical isolates of ESBL -producing E. coli.MATERIAL AND METHODS: First and second-step resistant mutants were obtained from E. coli with ESBL. Aliquots of 50 ìl containing > 109 CFU were applied to Mueller-Hinton plates containing meropenem, imipenem or ertapenem. MICs for native strains and mutants were determined using the epsilometric test (E-test).RESULTS: Resistant mutants were not selected with imipenem or meropenem. E. coli growth was observed on ertapenem (0.5 mg/L)-containing plates in 13 of 57 clinical isolates (22.8 %).The ertapenem MIC for these first-step mutants were ? 1 mg/L, remaining susceptible to imipenem and meropenem. The first-step mutants were used as native strains. Six second-step resistant mutants were selected with ertapenem. All were fully resistant (CMI ? 8 mg/L) to ertapenem, three were resistant to meropenem and one to imipenem. Four second-step resistant mutants were selected with meropenem. All were resistant to ertapenem, meropenem, and two of them were resistant to imipenem.CONCLUSIONS: Stable resistant mutants were easy to select with ertapenem among ESBL-producing E. coli. Two steps were necessary to select resistant mutants to meropenem or imipenem. The use of ertapenem in high-inoculum infections or in undrained focus of infection should be monitored to reduce the risk on selection of resistance.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Ertapenem', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Imipenem', 'Meropenem', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Mutation', 'Thienamycins', 'beta-Lactamases', 'beta-Lactams']
| 24,676,243
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.225', 'D03.633.100.300.124.225'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.500', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.500'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.750', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.750'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300'], ['D08.811.277.087.180'], ['D02.065.589.099', 'D02.886.108', 'D03.633.100.300']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nitric oxide increases the migratory activity of non-small cell lung cancer cells via AKT-mediated integrin áv and â1 upregulation.
|
BACKGROUND: Previously, nitric oxide (NO) has been found to affect the metastatic behavior of various types of cancer. In addition, it has been found that alterations in integrin expression may have profound effects on cancer cell survival and migration. Here, we aimed at assessing the effects of non-toxic concentrations of NO on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, including the expression of integrins and the migration of these cells.METHODS: The cytotoxic and proliferative effects of NO on human NSCLC-derived H460, H292 and H23 cells were tested by MTT assay. The migration capacities of these cells was evaluated by wound healing and transwell migration assays. The expression of integrins and migration-associated proteins was determined by Western blot analyses.RESULTS: We found that NO treatment caused a significant increase in the expression of integrin áv and â1 in all three NSCLC-derived cell lines tested. Known migration-associated proteins acting downstream of these integrins, including focal adhesion kinase (FAK), active RhoA (Rho-GTP) and active cell division control 42 (Cdc42-GTP), were found to be significantly activated in response to NO. In addition, we found that NO-treated cells showed an increased motility and that this motility was associated with a significant increase in the number of filopodia per cell. We also found that NO-treated cells exhibited increased active protein kinase G (PKG), protein kinase B (AKT) and FAK expression levels. Using a pharmacological approach, we found that the integrin-modulating effect of NO is most likely brought about by a PKG/AKT-dependent mechanism, since the observed changes in integrin expression were abolished by AKT inhibitors, but not by FAK inhibitors.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest a novel role of NO in the regulation of integrin expression and, concomitantly, the migratory capacity of NSCLC cells.
|
['Blotting, Western', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Humans', 'Integrin alphaV', 'Integrin beta1', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Up-Regulation']
| 27,376,838
|
[['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.200.500'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Abnormal conformation and impaired degradation of propylthiouracil-induced neutrophil extracellular traps: implications of disordered neutrophil extracellular traps in a rat model of myeloperoxidase antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.
|
OBJECTIVE: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are composed of DNA and antimicrobial proteins, including myeloperoxidase (MPO). Recent studies have demonstrated that impaired regulation of NETs could trigger an autoimmune response. Propylthiouracil (PTU), an antithyroid drug, is associated with a risk of MPO antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) production and MPO ANCA-associated vasculitis (MPO AAV). This study was undertaken to clarify the mechanism of MPO ANCA production, using the PTU-induced model of MPO AAV.METHODS: NETs were induced by treating human neutrophils with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in vitro. We examined whether the addition of PTU influenced the NET formation induced by PMA and the degradation of NETs by DNase I, which is regarded as a regulator of NETs. Furthermore, we examined whether NETs generated by the combination of PMA and PTU induced MPO ANCA and MPO AAV in vivo in rats.RESULTS: When NETs were induced by PMA with PTU using human neutrophils in vitro, abnormal conformation of NETs was observed. Interestingly, the abnormal NETs were hardly digested by DNase I. Moreover, rats immunized with the abnormal NETs, which had been induced by PMA with PTU using rat neutrophils, produced MPO ANCA and developed pulmonary capillaritis. When rats were given oral PTU with intraperitoneal injection of PMA, pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and pulmonary capillaritis occurred with MPO ANCA production in the serum.CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that abnormal conformation and impaired degradation of NETs induced by PTU are involved in the pathogenesis of PTU-induced MPO ANCA production and MPO AAV. These findings suggest that disordered NETs can be critically implicated in the pathogenesis of MPO AAV.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis', 'Antimetabolites', 'Carcinogens', 'DNA', 'Deoxyribonuclease I', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Humans', 'Neutrophils', 'Nucleic Acid Conformation', 'Peroxidase', 'Propylthiouracil', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred WKY', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'alpha-Defensins']
| 22,777,766
|
[['B01.050'], ['C14.907.940.897.249', 'C20.111.193'], ['D27.505.519.186', 'D27.888.569.042'], ['D27.888.569.100'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.277.352.335.350.250'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['G02.111.570.820.486', 'G05.360.580'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.842.708'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.390', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.390'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['D12.644.050.200.050', 'D12.776.543.695.054.200.050']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A knee-specific finite element analysis of the human anterior cruciate ligament impingement against the femoral intercondylar notch.
|
This work presents a finite element analysis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) impingement against the intercondylar notch during tibial external rotation and abduction, as a mechanism of noncontact ACL injuries. Experimentally, ACL impingement was measured in a cadaveric knee in terms of impingement contact pressure and six degrees-of-freedom tibiofemoral kinematics. Three-dimensional geometries of the ACL, femur and tibia were incorporated into the finite element model of the individual knee specimen. A fiber-reinforced model was adopted, which accounts for the anisotropy, large deformation, nonlinearity and incompressibility of the ACL. With boundary conditions specified based on the experimental tibiofemoral kinematics, the finite element analysis showed that impingement between the ligament and the lateral wall of intercondylar notch could occur when qthe knee at 45 degrees was externally rotated at 29.1 degrees and abducted at 10.0 degrees . Strong contact pressure and tensile stress occurred at the impinging and nonimpinging sides of the ligament, respectively. The impingement force and contact area estimated from the model matched their counterparts from the corresponding cadaver experiment. The modeling and experimental approach provides a useful tool to characterize potential ACL impingement on a knee-specific basis, which may help elucidate the ACL injury mechanism and develop more effective treatments.
|
['Anterior Cruciate Ligament', 'Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Femur', 'Finite Element Analysis', 'Humans', 'Knee', 'Stress, Mechanical']
| 20,413,123
|
[['A02.513.514.100', 'A02.835.583.512.100', 'A10.165.669.514.100'], ['C26.558.554.213'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E05.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.450'], ['G01.374.835']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impact of ecological doses of the most widespread phthalate on a terrestrial species, the ant Lasius niger.
|
Phthalates are synthetic contaminants released into the environment notably by plastic waste. Semi-volatile, they adsorb to atmospheric particles and get distributed in all ecosystems. Effects of this major anthropogenic pollution in economical species in aquatic habitats have attracted large interest. On the contrary, very few studies have focused on wild terrestrial species. Yet, these lipophilic molecules are easily trapped by insect cuticle; ants and other insects have been shown to permanently bear among their cuticular components a non-negligible proportion of phthalates, meaning that they suffer from chronic exposure to these pollutants. Oral route could also be an additional way of contamination, as phthalates tend to stick to any organic particle. We show here via a food choice experiment that Lasius niger workers can detect, and avoid feeding on, food contaminated with DEHP (DiEthyl Hexyl Phthalate), the most widespread phthalate found in nature. This suggests that the main source of contamination for ants is atmosphere and that doses measured on the cuticle correspond to the chronic exposure levels for these animals. Such an ecologically relevant dose of DEHP was used to contaminate ants in lab and to investigate their physiological impact. Over a chronic exposure (1 dose per week for 5 weeks), the egg-laying rate of queens was significantly reduced lending credence to endocrine disruptive properties of such a pollutant, as also described for aquatic invertebrates. On the contrary, short term exposure (24h) to a single dose of DEHP does not induce oxidative stress in ant workers as expected, but leads to activation of the immune system. Because of their very large distribution, their presence in virtually all terrestrial ecosystems and their representation at all trophic levels, ants could be useful indicators of contamination by phthalates, especially via monitoring the level of activation of their immune state.
|
['Animals', 'Ants', 'Diethylhexyl Phthalate', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Gene Expression', 'Oviparity', 'Oxidative Stress']
| 24,713,390
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.205'], ['D02.241.223.805.250'], ['D27.888.284'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G05.297'], ['G08.686.650'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Age and cohort rise in diabetes prevalence among older Australian women: Case ascertainment using survey and healthcare administrative data.
|
BACKGROUND: Due to the absence and or costliness of biological measures such as glycated haemoglobin, diabetes case ascertainment and prevalence studies are usually conducted using surveys or routine health service use databases. However, the use of each of these sources is associated with its limitations potentially impacting the quality of the case ascertainment and prevalence estimation. This study aimed at ascertaining diabetes cases and estimating prevalence among mid- and older-age women through simultaneous use of a longitudinal survey and multiple healthcare administrative data sources.METHODS: Data were available for 12,432 and 13,714 women born in 1921-26 and 1946-51 from the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH). Diabetes was ascertained using the ALSWH survey, health service use, and cause of death data. Parsimonious multiple logistic regression analyses tested associations between sociodemographic and health variables and the presence of diabetes.RESULTS: In both cohorts, two or more of the sources captured more than 80% of the women with diabetes. The point prevalence of diabetes increased from 8.4% when the mean age of the women were aged 73, to 22.0% of surviving women at age 90 in the 1921-26 cohort; and from 2.6% at age 48 to 15.8% at age 68 in the 1946-51 cohort. In the 1921-26 cohort, women who were obese (OR: 3.56; 95 CI: 3.04-4.17) and women who were sedentary (OR: 1.18; 95 CI: 1.09-1.40) were more likely to have diabetes compared to those who had a normal weight and engaged in a moderate level of physical activity. In the 1946-51 cohort, the odds of diabetes increased three times (OR: 2.99; 95 CI: 2.54-3.52) for overweight women and nine times (OR: 8.78; 95 CI: 7.46-10.33) for obese women compared to those who had normal weight.CONCLUSIONS: The simultaneous use of multiple data sources improved the validity of diabetes case ascertainment. Application of this methodology in future studies may have important benefits including estimation of disease burden, health service needs, and resource allocation with improved precision. Diabetes prevalence increased with age, was much higher in the 1946-51 cohort than in 1921-26 at similar ages, and was significantly associated with physical inactivity and obesity. Interventions to promote physical activity and a healthy weight are needed to prevent the rising prevalence of diabetes across successive generations.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Australia', 'Cohort Studies', 'Diabetes Complications', 'Diabetes Mellitus', 'Exercise', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Prevalence', "Women's Health"]
| 32,555,738
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.639.100', 'Z01.678.100.373'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C19.246.099'], ['C18.452.394.750', 'C19.246'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['N01.400.900']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Congenital nephrotic syndrome, an uncommon presentation of cytomegalovirus infection.
|
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a very rare infection in children as well as in infancy. In CMV infection extra renal manifestations in central nervous system (CNS), eyes and hematological are prominent and common than renal manifestation. We are describing two case reports one at the age of 5 months and another at one month with features of both extra renal and renal manifestations of nephritic syndrome. Our first case presented with predominant features of CNS manifestations like convulsion and spastic monoplegia, sensory type of deafness and absence of light reflexes along with nephritic features. Deafness and absence of light reflex were confirmed by audiometric and ophthalmological examination and brain atrophy was confirmed by CT scan. Our second case had features of hypothyroidism along with nephritic features. Hypothyroid status was confirmed by elevated serum TSH level and reduced T4 level. In both cases nephritic features were confirmed at bed site urine examination by heat coagulation test and other relevant investigations. CMV infection was confirmed in both cases by detecting anti CMV IgM by ELISA method. Both patients were clinically improved with intravenous gangcyclovir therapy. In these two cases reports, clinical, serological and therapeutic observation established the causal relationship between the CMV infection and nephrotic syndrome.
|
['Cytomegalovirus Infections', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypothyroidism', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Nephrotic Syndrome']
| 18,626,461
|
[['C01.925.256.466.245'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.874.482'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C12.777.419.630.643', 'C13.351.968.419.630.643']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Automating digital leaf measurement: the tooth, the whole tooth, and nothing but the tooth.
|
Many species of plants produce leaves with distinct teeth around their margins. The presence and nature of these teeth can often help botanists to identify species. Moreover, it has long been known that more species native to colder regions have teeth than species native to warmer regions. It has therefore been suggested that fossilized remains of leaves can be used as a proxy for ancient climate reconstruction. Similar studies on living plants can help our understanding of the relationships. The required analysis of leaves typically involves considerable manual effort, which in practice limits the number of leaves that are analyzed, potentially reducing the power of the results. In this work, we describe a novel algorithm to automate the marginal tooth analysis of leaves found in digital images. We demonstrate our methods on a large set of images of whole herbarium specimens collected from Tilia trees (also known as lime, linden or basswood). We chose the genus Tilia as its constituent species have toothed leaves of varied size and shape. In a previous study we extracted c.1600 leaves automatically from a set of c.1100 images. Our new algorithm locates teeth on the margins of such leaves and extracts features such as each tooth's area, perimeter and internal angles, as well as counting them. We evaluate an implementation of our algorithm's performance against a manually analyzed subset of the images. We found that the algorithm achieves an accuracy of 85% for counting teeth and 75% for estimating tooth area. We also demonstrate that the automatically extracted features are sufficient to identify different species of Tilia using a simple linear discriminant analysis, and that the features relating to teeth are the most useful.
|
['Algorithms', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Plant Leaves', 'Tilia']
| 22,870,286
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.308'], ['A18.024.812'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.821.500.944']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Erysiphe abbreviata on cherry bark oak--morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy.
|
Powdery mildew on cherry bark oak (Quercus falcate var. pagodifolia) collected in Tennessee, USA, was determined to be Erysiphe abbreviata, a species confined to North America. The diagnostically important anamorph of this species is described for the first time. Sequence analyses of the rDNA ITS region and D1/D2 domains of the 28S rDNA were used to obtain phylogenetic data for and taxonomic conclusions about this species. The structure of the anamorph (Oidium subgen. Pseudoidium) and the molecular data support the placement of this species in Erysiphe emend. (including Microsphaera) as a species separate from the Eurasian Erysiphe alphitoides.
|
['Ascomycota', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA, Fungal', 'DNA, Ribosomal Spacer', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Phylogeny', 'Plant Diseases', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Quercus', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 28S', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 18,268,900
|
[['B01.300.107'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.444.308.300'], ['D13.444.308.324.230', 'D13.444.308.475.230'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.697', 'G16.075.605', 'L01.100.697'], ['G15.610'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.859.750.300.500'], ['D13.444.735.686.690'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Recent demography drives changes in linked selection across the maize genome.
|
Genetic diversity is shaped by the interaction of drift and selection, but the details of this interaction are not well understood. The impact of genetic drift in a population is largely determined by its demographic history, typically summarized by its long-term effective population size (Ne). Rapidly changing population demographics complicate this relationship, however. To better understand how changing demography impacts selection, we used whole-genome sequencing data to investigate patterns of linked selection in domesticated and wild maize (teosinte). We produce the first whole-genome estimate of the demography of maize domestication, showing that maize was reduced to approximately 5% the population size of teosinte before it experienced rapid expansion post-domestication to population sizes much larger than its ancestor. Evaluation of patterns of nucleotide diversity in and near genes shows little evidence of selection on beneficial amino acid substitutions, and that the domestication bottleneck led to a decline in the efficiency of purifying selection in maize. Young alleles, however, show evidence of much stronger purifying selection in maize, reflecting the much larger effective size of present day populations. Our results demonstrate that recent demographic change-a hall-mark of many species including both humans and crops-can have immediate and wide-ranging impacts on diversity that conflict with expectations based on long-term Ne alone.
|
['Crops, Agricultural', 'Domestication', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Genome, Plant', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Whole Genome Sequencing', 'Zea mays']
| 27,294,617
|
[['B01.650.160', 'G07.203.300.300', 'J02.500.300'], ['J01.040.330'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.360.340.365'], ['G05.783'], ['E05.393.760.700.825'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in the synthesis, distribution and sulphation of glycosaminoglycans of cultured human skin fibroblasts upon ascorbate feeding.
|
The effect of ascorbic acid on the synthesis, distribution and sulphation of glycosaminoglycans by human skin fibroblasts has been examined. Medium was supplemented with ascorbate over several days, and cultures incubated with [3H]glucosamine and Na2(35)SO4 for 48 h, followed by analysis of the glycosaminoglycans in the medium, in collagenase and trypsin extracts, and in cell fractions. Ascorbate feeding resulted in a reduction in hyaluronate synthesis, which was the main 3H-labelled component and was distributed mainly in the medium fractions. Sulphated glycosaminoglycans showed a reduction in incorporation of 3H label, but increased sulphation following ascorbate feeding. In control cultures 53% of 3H-labelled sulphated glycosaminoglycans and 63% of 35S-labelled glycosaminoglycans were present in the medium fraction, while in ascorbate-fed cultures, 41% of 3H label and 38% 35S label were incorporated into medium-sulphated glycosaminoglycans. Ascorbate also caused an increase in cell density and in collagen production and deposition.
|
['Ascorbic Acid', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chondroitin Sulfates', 'Dermatan Sulfate', 'Fibroblasts', 'Glycosaminoglycans', 'Heparitin Sulfate', 'Humans', 'Hyaluronic Acid', 'Skin', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 6,420,422
|
[['D02.241.081.844.107', 'D02.241.511.902.107', 'D09.811.100'], ['A11.251'], ['D09.698.373.200.300'], ['D09.698.373.200.380'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D09.698.373'], ['D09.698.373.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.698.373.475'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A multicentre in vitro evaluation of piperacillin/tazobactam in Germany.
|
In a multicentre study in Germany 10584 fresh clinical aerobic isolates were tested for susceptibility to piperacillin (30 micrograms or 100 micrograms discs) and piperacillin/tazobactam (30 micrograms/10 micrograms or 100 micrograms/10 micrograms discs). Preliminary breakpoints for piperacillin/tazobactam according to the German standard methods (Deutsches Institute f?r Normung) were: Resistant: inhibition zone < or = 14 mm; MIC > or = 64 mg/l. Susceptible: inhibition zone > or = 22 mm; MIC D or = 4 mg/l. For comparison, the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (USA) breakpoints for enterobacteria (100/10 micrograms/disc) are: Resistant: inhibition zone < or = 17 mm; MIC > or = 128/4 mg/l. Susceptible: inhibition zone > or = 21 mm; MIC < or = 6/4 mg/l. Using the DIN criteria, 73.2% of Enterobacteriaceae tested were susceptible to piperacillin and 91.2% to piperacillin/tazobactam. Of Staphylococcus aureus strains tested (including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA), 20.8% were susceptible to piperacillin and 78.7% to piperacillin/tazobactam. The MIC of piperacillin/tazobactam for most staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae that had been classified on the first test as having intermediate susceptibility or resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam by DIN criteria were re-evaluated to solve methodological problems and inconsistencies among the participating laboratories. This second study resulted in a reduction of the zone diameter for susceptibility of staphylococci to > 14 mm and found that an additional 55.7% of resistant/intermediate Enterobacteriaceae and 91.0% of resistant/intermediate S aureus were susceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam, giving totals for susceptibility of 96.1% for Enterobacteriaceae and 98.1% for S aureus.
|
['Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Germany', 'Gram-Negative Bacteria', 'Gram-Positive Bacteria', 'Humans', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Penicillanic Acid', 'Piperacillin', 'Tazobactam', 'beta-Lactamase Inhibitors']
| 7,524,792
|
[['E02.319.310'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['B03.440'], ['B03.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.687', 'D02.886.108.750.687', 'D03.633.100.300.750.687'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.750.050.650', 'D02.886.108.750.750.050.650', 'D03.633.100.300.750.750.050.650'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.687.750', 'D02.886.108.750.687.750', 'D02.886.590.841', 'D03.633.100.300.750.687.750'], ['D27.505.519.389.400', 'D27.505.954.122.085.516']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Detection of an aortoenteric fistula in a patient with intermittent bleeding.
|
BACKGROUND: A 57-year-old male with an aortobifemoral bypass graft presented to a gastroenterology clinic with a 3-month history of intermittent hematemesis, melena and fever. The patient had received antibiotic therapy 2 months before for the same symptoms; however, following brief regression ( approximately 3 weeks) the symptoms had returned.INVESTIGATIONS: Physical examination; analysis of full blood count; measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein levels, liver enzymes, electrolytes, renal function, serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride; HIV serology; blood, sputum, urine and stool culture analysis; performance of esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, abdominal ultrasonography and multidetector CT scanning.DIAGNOSIS: Aortoenteric fistula with an inflammatory mass surrounding the aortobifemoral bypass graft.MANAGEMENT: Laparotomy with removal of the aortobifemoral bypass graft, performance of an extra-anatomic right axillofemoral bypass graft and an extra-anatomic right-left femorofemoral bypass graft.
|
['Aortic Diseases', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Hematemesis', 'Humans', 'Intestinal Fistula', 'Male', 'Melena', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Fistula']
| 18,332,903
|
[['C14.907.109'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['C06.405.227.400', 'C23.550.414.788.400', 'C23.888.821.937.019'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.267.550', 'C06.405.469.471', 'C23.300.575.185.550'], ['A12.459.764', 'C06.405.227.600', 'C23.550.414.788.600'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C14.240.850.984', 'C14.907.933', 'C23.300.575.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The relationship between isthmic and degenerative spondylolisthesis and the configuration of the lamina and facet joints.
|
Advanced degenerative change in the facet joints leads to displacement of the vertebral body, and the configuration of facet joints and lamina is closely related to the development of degenerative spondylolisthesis. For this study 103 patients and 25 controls were examined with respect to the configuration of the lamina, anteroposterior diameter of the vertebral canal, interarticular distance, interlaminar distance, disc degeneration, and degree of arthritic changes of facet joint, all as shown of plain radiography, and facet angle, interfacet distance, and contour of the canal side of the inferior articular process and lamina, as shown on computed axial tomography. The results of this study showed that those patients with a narrow facet angle were more likely to have developed degenerative spondylolisthesis. If the sum of both facet angles was less than 77.9 degree, the risk of development of degenerative spondylolisthesis was 2.5 times higher than if the sum was greater than 77.9 degree. Those with type N lamina, detected on plain radiographs, were especially likely to have developed degenerative spondylolisthesis. This suggested that degenerative spondylolisthesis may be due to the less effective check mechanism preventing a vertebra from slipping forward on the vertebra below. We recommend fusion of the degenerated spinal segments when operation is considered in cases of acute facet angle with symptoms.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intervertebral Disc', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Spondylolisthesis', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 7,552,647
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.165.308.410', 'A02.835.232.834.432', 'A10.165.382.350.050'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.116.900.938.500.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Effects of chronic hypoxia on microcirculation of the central nervous system during embryonic development].
|
In the attempt to know the factors influencing the vasculogenesis and to verify whether the vessel formation and growth are influenced, during different ontogenetic periods, by oxygen deficiency, the intraneural vascular network has been morphometrically analyzed in chicken embryo optic tectum under conditions of aerogenic hypoxia. Chicken eggs, incubated under routine conditions, have been half-painted with melted wax at the 2nd incubation day (i.d.). Fragments of optic tectum, isolated from living embryos at the 8th, 14th and 17th i.d., have been fixed and embedded according to the usual E/M procedures. A parallel series of normally developed embryos of 8, 14 and 17 incubation days has been likewise prepared. On semithin sections from the hypoxic specimens and normal control embryos the area occupied by vessels (Av), the number of vessels (Nv) and the diameter of the radially directed ones (Dv) have been evaluated. The preliminary results indicate that hypoxia evokes, from the 8th to the 17th i.d., an increment of the Av parameter, due first to microvessel neoformation and enlargement from the 8th to the 14th i.d., then from the 14th to the 17th i.d. only to a growth of new capillary branches. The response of the vascular network to the hypoxic condition is more marked from the 8th to the 14th i.d., t.i. when, in relation to the differentiation and the stratification of the neurons, the metabolic requirements of the developing tectum are presumably increased. O2 deficiency causes severe developmental disorders of the cyto- and mieloarchitecture of the tectum: the vascular response can apparently prevent actual damages only when the hypoxic condition lasts for a relatively short time.
|
['Animals', 'Chick Embryo', 'Hypoxia', 'Microcirculation', 'Superior Colliculi', 'Time Factors']
| 6,704,252
|
[['B01.050'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['A08.186.211.132.659.800.816'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Haemodynamic response to abdominal decompression in acute Budd-Chiari syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome commonly occur in patients with liver disease.AIMS: We compared haemodynamic variables pre- and post-abdominal decompression in patients with acute Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) and patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), ascites and IAH.METHODS: Patients with IAH admitted to the Liver ICU, King's College Hospital were studied. Transpulmonary thermodilution cardiac output (CO) monitoring was performed with the PiCCO(®) system.RESULTS: Ten patients with decompensated BCS (median age 39 years, 20-52) and eight patients with CLD (59 years, 33-65) and tense ascites requiring paracentesis were studied. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) was raised in both groups pre-intervention (BSC 23 mmHg, 17-40; CLD 26, 20-40). Intrathoracic blood volume (ITBVI) was persistently low in the BCS group (632 ml/m(2) , 453-924) despite volume resuscitation. Post-intervention, reduction in IAP was noted in both groups (BCS P<0.001, CLD P<0.0001). The ITBVI increased (P=0.001) in the BCS group only. An increase in cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume index (SVI) was noted in both groups (BCS: CI P=0.003, SVI: P=0.007; CLD: CI P=0.005, SVI P=0.02). The central venous pressure did not change in either group and did not correlate with markers of flow (CI, SVI) or IAP. Both groups demonstrated an inverse relationship between IAP, CI and SVI.CONCLUSION: Patients with BCS and IAH have evidence of central hypovolaemia. In addition to raised IAP, hepatic venous obstruction and caudate lobe hypertrophy limit venous return in patients with BCS. Reduction in IAP and re-establishment of caval flow restores preload with improvement in CO.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Ascites', 'Blood Volume', 'Budd-Chiari Syndrome', 'Cardiac Output', 'Central Venous Pressure', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'End Stage Liver Disease', 'Female', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Hypovolemia', 'Intra-Abdominal Hypertension', 'Liver Transplantation', 'London', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Paracentesis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thermodilution', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Young Adult']
| 21,745,299
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.081'], ['G09.188.130', 'G09.330.380.092'], ['C06.552.347', 'C14.907.355.830.925.275'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['G09.330.380.076.732.336'], ['E04.188'], ['C06.552.308.500.177'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.455'], ['C05.651.180.297', 'C14.907.303.297'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['Z01.433.553', 'Z01.542.363.300.553'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520'], ['E01.370.225.998.329', 'E02.309.805', 'E02.800.550', 'E04.237.667', 'E04.665.600', 'E05.200.998.329'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.484.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Analysis of 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB)-releasing DNA adducts in human exfoliated oral mucosa cells by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry.
|
Quantitation of DNA adducts could provide critical information on the relationship between exposure to tobacco smoke and cancer risk in smokers. In this study, we developed a robust and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the analysis of 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB)-releasing DNA adducts in human oral cells, a noninvasive source of DNA for biomarker studies. Isolated DNA undergoes acid hydrolysis, after which samples are purified by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by LC-ESI-MS/MS. The developed method was applied to the analysis of samples obtained via collection with a commercial mouthwash from 30 smokers and 15 nonsmokers. In smokers, the levels of HPB-releasing DNA adducts averaged 12.0 pmol HPB/mg DNA (detected in 20 out of 28 samples with quantifiable DNA yield), and in nonsmokers, the levels of adducts averaged 0.23 pmol/mg DNA (detected in 3 out of 15 samples). For the 30 smoking subjects, matching buccal brushings were also analyzed, and HPB-releasing DNA adducts were detected in 24 out of 27 samples with quantifiable DNA yield, averaging 44.7 pmol HPB/mg DNA. The levels of adducts in buccal brushings correlated with those in mouthwash samples of smokers (R = 0.73, p < 0.0001). Potentially, the method can be applied in studies of individual susceptibility to tobacco-induced cancers in humans.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Butanones', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'DNA', 'DNA Adducts', 'Humans', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Mouthwashes', 'Nitrosamines', 'Pyridines', 'Smoking', 'Solid Phase Extraction', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization']
| 23,252,610
|
[['D23.101'], ['D02.522.296'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.135', 'G05.200.104'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['D25.583', 'D27.720.102.583', 'D27.720.269.583', 'J01.637.051.583'], ['D02.654.442'], ['D03.383.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['E05.196.155.800'], ['E05.196.566.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of a bench-top nephelometric immunoassay analyzer.
|
We evaluated the Technicon DPA-1 immunoassay analyzer on its analytical characteristics. Therefore we studied three assays: albumin in cerebrospinal fluid and IgG and transferrin in serum. When tested with the Cusum test for linearity albumin, IgG, and transferrin measurements showed no deviation from linearity. Closer examination revealed an abrupt difference of recovery (from 99 to 87%) in the albumin assay when the automatic dilution changed over from the primary analytical to the high analytical concentration range. One calibration was found sufficient for at least 14 days of measurement. Imprecision was well below the critical limits for reproducibility. We found reasonable agreement between the results from the DPA-1 and the results from comparison methods. However, the correlation plot of IgG showed lack of fit at a distinct segment of the regression line. This appeared to be caused by the poor recovery of the DPA-1 at the lower limit of the high analytical concentration range. The assays of IgG and transferrin were found insensitive for interference by hemoglobin, triglycerides, urea, and bilirubin. The albumin assay was found sensitive for bilirubin and triglycerides. No reagent- and sample-to-sample carry-over could be detected in the assays evaluated.
|
['Albumins', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Humans', 'Immunoassay', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Nephelometry and Turbidimetry', 'Proteins', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Transferrin']
| 1,999,760
|
[['D12.776.034'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.196.712.650'], ['D12.776'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D12.776.124.050.800', 'D12.776.124.790.223.839', 'D12.776.157.427.750.500', 'D12.776.377.715.182.839', 'D12.776.556.579.750.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Intramuscular progesterone versus 8% Crinone vaginal gel for luteal phase support for day 3 cryopreserved embryo transfer.
|
OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes after intramuscular progesterone (IMP) or 8% Crinone vaginal gel for luteal support for day 3 cryopreserved embryo transfer (CET).DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study with multivariable analysis.SETTING: Academic medical center.PATIENT(S): All autologous and donor egg in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients who had a day 3 CET from January 1, 2008, to April 30, 2011, with luteal support using 25-50 mg/d IMP or 8% Crinone twice daily, initiated 3 days before the CET.INTERVENTION(S): None.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Implantation rate, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rates per CET.RESULT(S): IMP (n = 440) and Crinone (n = 298) recipients were similar for all demographic characteristics and cycle parameters assessed. Although implantation rates did not differ significantly between the two groups (Crinone vs. IMP: 19.6% vs. 30.4%), women supplemented with Crinone had significantly lower rates of clinical pregnancy (36.9% vs. 51.1%) and live birth (24.4% vs. 39.1%) compared with those on IMP.CONCLUSION(S): We observed that day 3 CET cycles with 8% Crinone luteal support had a 44% and 49% lower odds of clinical pregnancy and live birth, respectively, compared with those with IMP support. Further studies are required to identify the optimal timing and dose of 8% Crinone vaginal gel for use in CET cycles.
|
['Adult', 'Cryopreservation', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intramuscular', 'Luteal Phase', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Progesterone', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies']
| 22,959,457
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['E02.875.800.500', 'E05.820.800.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.460'], ['G08.686.605.410'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.829', 'D06.472.334.734.623', 'D06.472.334.851.687.750'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D26.255.955', 'E07.357.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Haemostatic agent etamsylate in vitro and in vivo antagonizes anti-coagulant activity of heparin.
|
Etamsylate is indicated for several anti-hemorrhagic indications in human and veterinary medicine. However, etamsylate has been shown to be effective only in specific hemorrhagic situations. Furthermore, mechanism of action of etamsylate is not known but recent research has shown its ability to inhibit heparin binding to several growth factors. We have evaluated the ability of etamsylate to interfere with the activities of heparin. Effects of etamsylate on vasodilatory activity of heparin were evaluated in rat aortic segments. Influence of etamsylate on anticoagulant activity of heparin was evaluated in vitro by determining prothrombin (PT) time and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in dog blood and in vivo by determining the interference of systemic and topical etamsylate on heparin-induced extension in bleeding time (BT) in rats. Despite failing to inhibit heparin-induced vasodilation of rat aorta, etamsylate significantly reduced the increase in aPTT caused by heparin (+30.4 ± 6.7% vs. +15.0 ± 2.8% for etamsylate at 100 µM, P < 0.05). Etamsylate also antagonized the anticoagulant effects driven by heparin in vivo since prevented the heparin-induced increase in BT when systemically (i.p.) administered (+94.6 ± 7.5% vs. +57.9 ± 9.2% at 10 mg/kg, P < 0.05, vs. +22.2 ± 16.8% at 30 mg/kg, P < 0.01). Additionally, topically applied etamsylate (125 mg/ml) significantly reduced heparin-induced BT increase (+102.5 ± 3.2% vs. +54.0 ± 5.8%, P < 0.01). These evidences show a pharmacological interference by etamsylate on heparin activities antagonizing pro-hemorrhagic effects of heparin in vitro and in vivo without inhibiting its vasodilatory properties. This ability could help to explain pharmacological effects of etamsylate and proposes its role for reversing pro-hemorrhagic states.
|
['Animals', 'Anticoagulants', 'Dogs', 'Drug Antagonism', 'Ethamsylate', 'Female', 'Hemostatics', 'Heparin', 'Heparin Antagonists', 'Male', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Vasodilation']
| 29,555,505
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G07.690.773.968.310'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.097.250', 'D02.886.645.600.080.050.100.300'], ['D27.505.954.502.270.463'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D27.505.519.452', 'D27.505.954.502.270.546'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G09.330.380.928']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sex-specific splicing and polyadenylation of dsx pre-mRNA requires a sequence that binds specifically to tra-2 protein in vitro.
|
Somatic sex determination in Drosophila involves a hierarchy of regulated alternative pre-mRNA processing. Female-specific splicing and/or polyadenylation of doublesex (dsx) pre-mRNA, the final gene in this pathway, requires transformer (tra) and transformer-2 (tra-2) proteins. The mechanisms by which these proteins regulate RNA processing has not been characterized. In this paper we show that tra-2 produced in Escherichia coli binds specifically to a site within the female-specific exon of dsx pre-mRNA. This site, which contains six copies of a 13 nucleotide repeat, is required not only for female-specific splicing, but also for female-specific polyadenylation. These observations suggest that tra-2 is a positive regulator of dsx pre-mRNA processing.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cell Line', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Exons', 'Female', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plasmids', 'Poly A', 'RNA Precursors', 'RNA Probes', 'RNA Splicing', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Ribonucleoproteins', 'Sex Determination Analysis', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 1,674,449
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.137.232'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D13.695.578.550.500'], ['D13.400.730', 'D13.444.735.640'], ['D13.444.600.723', 'D27.505.259.750.600.825', 'D27.720.470.530.600.825'], ['G02.111.760.700', 'G03.839.700', 'G05.308.700.700'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['D12.776.157.725.500', 'D12.776.664.962.500'], ['E01.370.225.996', 'E05.200.996', 'E05.393.285.830'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Leaching of nitrogen, phosphorus, TOC and COD from the biosolids of the municipal wastewater treatment plant of Thessaloniki.
|
Biosolids from the WWTP of Thessaloniki were examined for the leaching of phosphorus (as PO4(3-) -P), nitrogen (as NH4+ (-N) and NO3- (-N)), and organic matter (as TOC and COD), using two tests: (1) a pH static leaching test and (2) a characterization test, relating contaminant release to the liquid to solid (L/S) ratio. Moreover, a Microtox toxicity test was conducted, to examine the pH dependency of the toxicity of the sludge leachate on the Vibrio fischeri bacterium. Maximum phosphorus release was observed at pH < 3 and at pH > 10. Ammonium nitrogen exhibited maximum leachability at near neutral pH conditions, while nitrate nitrogen exhibited a mild increase in the leachate, as the leachant pH increased from 2 to 12. Both TOC and COD exhibited an increase in the leachate concentration, as the leachant pH was increased from 2 to 12. Ecotoxicological analysis showed that maximum toxicity occurred at very low and very high pH-conditions. As liquid-to-solid ratio increased, the leachate concentration (in mg/l) of all parameters studied decreased. The results of the study were used to conduct a release assessment estimate for the case of Thessaloniki.
|
['Aliivibrio fischeri', 'Greece', 'Nitrogen', 'Oxygen', 'Phosphorus', 'Sewage', 'Water Pollutants']
| 17,764,030
|
[['B03.440.450.900.050.860', 'B03.660.250.830.050.860'], ['Z01.542.383'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D01.268.666'], ['D20.944.932.500'], ['D27.888.284.903']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Behavioral considerations for engaging youth in HIV clinical research.
|
From both scientific and ethical perspectives, it is important that youth be enrolled in biomedical HIV prevention clinical trials. At the same time, adolescents, as minors, are considered a vulnerable population requiring particular attention to the reduction of potential harm associated with participation in such trials. In this article, we review the evidence supporting enrollment of youth in HIV clinical trials, including data on HIV infection rates, sexual behavior, and cognitive, psychosocial, and neurophysiological development. Next, we address the potential risks associated with clinical trial participation, with a focus on the concept of preventive misconception, the tendencies to (1) overestimate the probability of assignment to the experimental condition, as opposed to the placebo, and (2) assume that the experimental intervention is efficacious. Finally, we discuss targeted interventions to reduce preventive misconception and the importance of developing and testing adolescent-friendly risk-reduction interventions that are tailored to the structure and time frame of a biomedical HIV prevention clinical trial. The very issues that make inclusion of youth in HIV prevention clinical trials necessary also demand that particularly intensive efforts be made to protect participating minors from the harm that could accrue from a clinical trial.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adolescent Behavior', 'Adolescent Development', 'Biomedical Research', 'Clinical Trials as Topic', 'HIV Infections', 'Humans', 'Informed Consent', 'Risk Factors', 'Risk-Taking', 'Young Adult']
| 20,571,420
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.022'], ['F01.525.049', 'G07.345.374.500'], ['H01.770.644.145'], ['E05.318.372.250.250', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.880.604.473.650.718', 'I01.880.604.583.427', 'N03.706.437.650.312', 'N03.706.535.489'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.722'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Association between dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes, dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio and bone mass in the Korean population.
|
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis has become a major public health issue. Among various factors affected bone health, not only dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes, but also the dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio could relate to bone health. Therefore, we evaluated whether dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes, and dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio are associated with bone mass in Korean adults ? 20 years of age.METHODS: The analysis used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a cross-sectional survey of Korean civilians, conducted from January to December 2010. A total of 4,935 participants (2,309 men and 2,626 women) were analyzed in this study. Dietary calcium and phosphorus intakes of the participants were estimated using 24-h dietary recall. Bone mass densities for the whole body, femoral neck, and lumbar spine were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.RESULTS: Dietary calcium intake and dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio were positively related to bone mass density for femoral neck in men ? 50 years of age (p = 0.046 and 0.041, respectively). Dietary calcium intake showed positive associations with bone mass density for whole body in premenopausal women (p = 0.022).CONCLUSIONS: Increased calcium intake and high dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio might have favorable effects on bone mass in Korean adults. Additional gender- and age-specific studies are needed to further identify the influence of calcium and phosphorus intakes, and the dietary calcium/phosphorus ratio on bone mass.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Bone Density', 'Calcium, Dietary', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Femur Neck', 'Humans', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Nutrition Surveys', 'Phosphorus, Dietary', 'Premenopause', 'Republic of Korea', 'Sex Factors']
| 25,496,564
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G11.427.100'], ['D01.146.395'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['A02.835.232.043.150.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.485', 'N05.715.360.300.800.469', 'N06.850.505.616', 'N06.850.520.308.980.469'], ['D01.695.635'], ['G08.686.157.500.812', 'G08.686.841.249.500.812'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Use of propranolol in the treatment of idiopathic orthostatic hypotension.
|
Five patients with idiopathic orthostatic hypotension who had physiologic and biochemical evidence of severe autonomic dysfunction were included in the study. They all exhibited markedly reduced plasma catecholamines and plasma renin activity in both recumbent and upright positions and had marked hypersensitivity to the pressor effects of infused norepinephrine. Treatment with propanolol administered intravenously (1-5 mg) produced increases in supine and upright blood pressure in 4 of the 5 individuals with rises ranging from 11/6 to 22/11 mmHg. Chronic oral administration of propranolol (40-160 mg/day) also elevated the blood pressures of these individuals with increases in the order of 20-35/15-25 mmg being observed. In 1 patient, marked hypertension was induced by propranolol and the drug had to be withdrawn. It otherwise was well tolerated and no important side effects were observed. Treatment has been continued in 3 individuals for 6-13 months with persistence of the pressor effect, although there appears to have been some decrease in the degree of response with time. Hemodynamic measurements in 1 of the patients demonstrated an increase in total peripheral resistance and essentially no change in cardiac output following propranolol therapy. The studies suggest that propranolol is a useful drug in selected patients with severe idiopathic orthostatic hypotension.
|
['Aged', 'Blood Pressure', 'Catecholamines', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypotension, Orthostatic', 'Middle Aged', 'Norepinephrine', 'Posture', 'Propranolol', 'Renin']
| 611,664
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D02.092.311', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.177.575.600.450', 'C14.907.514.482'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['G11.427.695'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Multiple sclerosis: prospective analysis of TNF-alpha and 55 kDa TNF receptor in CSF and serum in correlation with clinical and MRI activity.
|
The possibility of antagonizing tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in vivo with antibodies or soluble TNF receptor has focused much interest on the role of this cytokine in the natural course of MS. We studied nine patients prospectively and serially for one year (14 time points, 131 observations). TNF-alpha and the 55 kDa soluble TNF receptor were measured every 4 weeks in the serum and at defined time points in the CSF. Each value was correlated to clinical symptoms and to MRI measurements obtained on the same day. All patients with relapsing-remitting disease showed periodic increases of TNF concentrations. Overall, the association between serum TNF-alpha levels and bursts of Gd-DTPA enhancement on cranial MRI was not sufficiently tight to reach statistical significance. However, serum TNF levels > 50 pg/ml and measurable CSF levels were always associated with Gd-DTPA enhancing MRI lesions. Isolated high serum TNF peaks were noted during episodes of infection, hay fever or psychic stress. After treatment with glucocorticoids, TNF levels were suppressed for several months, whereas new Gd-DTPA enhancing lesions continued to appear. The concentrations of the soluble 55 kDa TNF receptor did not show marked fluctuations. These results are consistent with an active role of TNF-alpha in MS during periods of disease activity and provide further support for the clinical evaluation of anti-TNF therapies.
|
['Adult', 'Contrast Media', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Gadolinium DTPA', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Middle Aged', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Organometallic Compounds', 'Pentetic Acid', 'Prospective Studies', 'Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor', 'Recurrence', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 8,964,914
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['D02.092.782.590.401', 'D02.241.081.018.639.400', 'D02.257.141'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['D02.691'], ['D02.092.782.590', 'D02.241.081.018.639'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.760'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
SLC26A7 can function as a chloride-loading mechanism in parietal cells.
|
To date three potential candidates for parietal cell basolateral Cl(-) entry have been described: the highly 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS)-sensitive Cl(-)/HCO(3)(-) exchanger AE2, the HCO(3)(-) and lowly DIDS-sensitive SLC26A7 protein, and the Na(+)-2Cl(-)K(+) cotransporter (NKCC1). In this study we investigate the contribution of these pathways to secretagogue stimulated acid secretion. Individually hand-dissected rat gastric glands were microfluorimetrically monitored for Cl(-) influx and pH(i) changes. Transporter activity was determined by varying ion content and through the use of pharmacological inhibitors. Expression of SLC26A7 in rat parietal cells was shown by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. SLC26A7 was inhibited by 5-Nitro-2-(3-phenylpropyl-amino)benzoic acid (NPPB) (100 microM) in the Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system. Cl(-) influx in parietal cells was enhanced by histamine, depended partially on endogenous HCO(3)(-) synthesis and completely on extracellular Na(+). Removal and subsequent readdition of Cl(-) revealed a low and a high DIDS-sensitive HCO(3)(-) extrusion system contributing to Cl(-) uptake. At acidic pH(i), however, H(+) extrusion via the H(+),K(+)-ATPase depending on Cl(-) uptake was abolished only in the presence of 100 microM (NPPB) and at high (250 microM) DIDS concentration. There was no effect of the NKCC inhibitor bumetanide on stimulated H(+) extrusion. These results would be compatible with SLC26A7 as a Cl(-) uptake system under histamine stimulation.
|
["4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid", 'Animals', 'Antiporters', 'Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters', 'Chlorides', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gastric Acid', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Oocytes', 'Parietal Cells, Gastric', 'Patch-Clamp Techniques', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sodium', 'Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters', 'Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 2', 'Sulfate Transporters', 'Xenopus']
| 17,404,755
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.200', 'D02.500.375.125', 'D02.886.250.125'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.162', 'D12.776.543.550.190', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.162.193', 'D12.776.157.530.450.437.249', 'D12.776.157.530.937.656.249', 'D12.776.543.550.190.276', 'D12.776.543.550.779.249', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.193', 'D12.776.543.585.450.437.249', 'D12.776.543.585.937.776.249'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['A12.200.307.603'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E05.481'], ['A05.360.490.690.680', 'A11.497.497.600'], ['A03.556.875.875.440.708', 'A10.615.550.291.650', 'A11.436.708'], ['E05.200.500.905', 'E05.242.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.750', 'D12.776.157.530.937.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.750', 'D12.776.543.585.937.875'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.625.750.625', 'D12.776.157.530.937.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.450.625.750.625', 'D12.776.543.585.937.875.625'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.074.875', 'D12.776.157.530.937.929', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.875', 'D12.776.543.585.937.963'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.610.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of feeding green onions (Allium ascalonicum) to White Chinese geese (Threskiornis spinicollis).
|
Sudden increase in mortality was observed in 2 different flocks of mature breeder geese fed green onions. At necropsy, birds had pale epicardium with random petechiation, sanguinous fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac, and mild swelling of the liver and spleen. Histologically, there was accumulation of hemosiderin in hepatocytes, Kupffer cells of the liver, macrophages, and renal tubules. There was also moderate to severe hepatic necrosis, vacuolation of hepatocytes, splenitis, and renal tubular nephrosis. To assess the effects of green onion ingestion, 2 feeding trials were carried out in 3 mature White Chinese geese. In the first trial, onions were thoroughly mixed with pellet maintenance ration. In the second trial, onions were offered in a separate trough from the pelleted diet. During the 21 days of experiments, the red blood cell count and hematocrit decreased, whereas the polychromasia and reticulocyte estimate increased. The blood changes were more marked in birds from the second feeding trial. Gross and histologic changes were similar in both trials. Mild swelling and severe darkening of the liver were the only significant findings at necropsy. Histologically, the liver looked similar to that seen from the field outbreak. The liver contained moderate amounts of hemosiderin in the hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, and had centrolobular necrosis and vacuolation of hepatocytes. This experimental study demonstrated that anemia and liver pathology could be caused by ingestion of onions. Furthermore, Heinz bodies are not a consistent finding in the blood of geese fed onions.
|
['Anemia', 'Animal Feed', 'Animals', 'Geese', 'Liver', 'Liver Diseases', 'Plants, Edible', 'Poisoning', 'Poultry Diseases', 'Shallots']
| 15,305,744
|
[['C15.378.071'], ['G07.203.300.300.100', 'J02.500.300.100'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.050.350', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.492'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552'], ['B01.650.510'], ['C25.723'], ['C22.131.728'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.050.060.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[The radiobiological aspects in the blocking of sensitive structures from the irradiation field].
|
BACKGROUND: In some cases the total dose has to be reduced in a section of an irradiation field by means of a transmission block. This can be performed in 2 different ways: 1. A part of the planned fractions is blocked. 2. The dose of each fraction is reduced using a transmission block (transmission < 100%).METHOD: For both methods the biological tumor and normal tissue doses were calculated using the linear-quadratic model. A clinical case is discussed.RESULT AND CONCLUSION: With transmission blocks a therapeutic gain can be obtained.
|
['Carcinoma, Bronchogenic', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Lymphatic Metastasis', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Care Planning', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Radiotherapy Dosage']
| 7,740,409
|
[['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220', 'C08.381.540.140', 'C08.785.520.100.220'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.697.650.560', 'C23.550.727.650.560'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N04.590.233.624'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['E02.815.639']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of transnational migration on drug use: an ethnographic study of Nepali female heroin users in Hong Kong.
|
BACKGROUND: Past studies of female drug users in South Asia tend to focus on their plights, for instance, how they have been driven to drug use and encounter more problems than their male counterparts, such as HIV/AIDS and sexual abuse. Few studies focus on their active role--how they actively make use of resources in the external environment to construct their desired femininity through drug consumption. Furthermore, little is known about the situation of female South Asian drug users who are living overseas. This paper is a study of transnational migration, drug use and gender--how transnational migration influences the drug use of female transnational migrants.METHODS: An 18-month ethnography has been carried out in a Nepali community in Hong Kong and 13 informants were interviewed. Data were coded and analyzed by using the grounded-theory approach. Themes related to the drug use of the female Nepali heroin users were identified.RESULTS: The findings show that there are three important themes that significantly affect the drug use of female Nepali heroin users, which include (1) their relationships with intimate partners, (2) their means of support, and (3) their legal status in migration.CONCLUSIONS: The findings are consistent with the concept of post-structuralism in gender and transnationalism theories. Female Nepali heroin users in Hong Kong are neither active agents nor passive victims; their active/passive role is largely dependent on their reconfigured opportunities and constraints in transnational migration. Thus, transnationalism should be taken as an important perspective to study the situation of female drug users in a globalized context.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Data Collection', 'Female', 'Grounded Theory', 'Heroin Dependence', 'Hong Kong', 'Humans', 'Nepal', 'Sexual Partners', 'Transients and Migrants', 'Young Adult']
| 25,060,613
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['H01.770.644.241.424'], ['C25.775.643.500.400', 'F03.900.647.500.300'], ['Z01.252.474.164.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.674'], ['M01.778'], ['M01.920'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cadaveric anatomy of pelvic fracture urethral distraction injury: most injuries are distal to the external urinary sphincter.
|
PURPOSE: The anatomy of posterior urethral distraction injuries is controversial. We present a cadaver study of posterior urethral distraction injuries. To our knowledge this is the first study that establishes that the most common location is distal to the external urinary sphincter.MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an autopsy review of 10 male patients with posterior urethral distraction injuries.RESULTS: Urethral disruption occurred distal to the external urinary sphincter in 7 of 10 patients. It appeared to occur when the anterior pelvic ring and urogenital diaphragm complex were displaced caudal and rostrally, tearing the urogenital diaphragm off of the urethra. The average inner mucosal defect +/- SD was 3.5 +/- 0.5 cm, while the defect between the outer urethral layer (tunica of the spongiosum) was 2.0 +/- 0.2 cm due to mucosal retraction. Simple and complex injuries could be observed, according to the clinical classification proposed by Turner-Warwick in 1989. Simple injuries had less significant dislocation of the symphysis, general maintenance of urethral continuity and slightly shorter mucosal distraction (3.3 cm). Complex disruptions had significant symphyseal dislocation, complete disassociation of the urethral ends (often with interposition of other tissues) and a slightly longer mucosal distraction (3.8 cm).CONCLUSIONS: Posterior urethral distraction injuries appear to most commonly occur distal to the urogenital diaphragm, contrary to classic teaching. These injuries are on average between 3 and 4 cm, and they are more significant dorsal than ventral. They appear to occur as simple or complex injuries, mirroring the clinical findings seen in clinically simple and complex urethral strictures.
|
['Cadaver', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pelvic Bones', 'Urethra']
| 15,711,300
|
[['C23.550.260.224'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.043.825'], ['A05.360.444.492.726', 'A05.810.876']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Web-based training: readiness and perceptions of nurses.
|
This study was conducted as a descriptive study in order to determine the views of nurses working a university hospital on web-based training. Population consisted of all the nurses working in the hospital. It was found out that nurses use computer at the moderate level (46.5 %), they benefit from Internet at a good level (46.5 %), almost all of them use Internet to make searches about professional issues (94.6%), they want to update their professional knowledge (90.1%) and they find it difficult to reach information on such grounds as time constraint (81.1 %) and lack of appropriate environment (62.1 %) and they want to receive a web-based training (87.1 %). It is important that web-based training programmes be generalised in the field of nursing where there exists a time problem, studies as regards to how to integrate these programmes into continuing education be increased and their results be reflected on the practices.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Attitude to Computers', 'Computer Literacy', 'Computer-Assisted Instruction', 'Education, Distance', 'Education, Nursing', 'Educational Measurement', 'Internet', 'Nursing Staff, Hospital', 'Turkey']
| 25,160,169
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F01.100.100'], ['L01.143.256'], ['I02.903.771.500.208'], ['I02.195'], ['I02.358.462'], ['I02.399'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['M01.526.485.680.490', 'M01.526.485.740.523', 'N02.360.680.490', 'N02.360.740.523'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Interaction of the vanadyl (IV) cation with carnosine and related ligands.
|
The interaction of the vanadyl (IV) (VO2+) cation with carnosine (the dipeptide beta-alanyl-histidine) has been investigated by electron absorption spectroscopy at high ligand-to-metal ratios and at different pH values. The results show that in the range 6.0-8.5, the cation interacts with the imidazole group of four different carnosine molecules and points to the presence of an axially coordinated water molecule. These suppositions were confirmed by the behavior of the VO2+/imidazole system, which was investigated under similar experimental conditions, and supported by previous ENDOR (electron-nuclear double resonance) results. The study was complemented with additional measurements using the glycylglycine, glycylglycine/imidazole, and histidine systems as ligands.
|
['Carnosine', 'Glycylglycine', 'Histidine', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Imidazoles', 'Ligands', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Vanadates']
| 8,971,356
|
[['D12.644.400.100', 'D12.644.456.345.331', 'D12.776.631.650.100'], ['D12.644.456.345.575'], ['D12.125.072.329', 'D12.125.142.308'], ['G02.300'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['D01.248.497.158.952', 'D01.960.960']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interatrial shunt flow profiles in newborn infants: a colour flow and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic study.
|
Interatrial shunt flow profiles in 36 normal term infants were examined serially by colour flow and pulsed Doppler echocardiographic techniques from within an hour of birth to four or five days after birth. Shunt flow across the foramen ovale was detected in 33 normal infants (92%) within an hour of birth (mean 40 minutes). The occurrence of interatrial shunting decreased with age, but a shunt signal was still detected in 17 infants (47%) on the fourth or fifth day of life, by then the ductus arteriosus had already closed in all the normal infants. The direction of interatrial shunt flow was predominantly left-to-right, but in 64% there was a coexistent small right-to-left shunt in diastole within an hour of birth; by four to five days it was found in 19%. In the six patients with persistent fetal circulation the direction of the interatrial shunt flow was predominantly right-to-left with biphasic peaks in diastole and systole at the early stage of the disease, and the period of right-to-left shunt flow during each cardiac cycle was significantly longer than that in normal infants examined within 1 hour of birth. In all patients the ductus closed before the foramen ovale. At the time of ductal closure in all patients with persistent fetal circulation right-to-left shunt flow was seen during diastole and its period was still prolonged. These findings suggest that interatrial shunting, predominantly left-to-right, is common in normal newborn infants. Evaluation of the characteristics of the interatrial shunt by Doppler echocardiography may be useful for predicting the progress of or improvement in neonates with persistent fetal circulation.
|
['Blood Flow Velocity', 'Ductus Arteriosus', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Heart Atria', 'Heart Septum', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome', 'Time Factors']
| 1,993,129
|
[['E01.370.370.130', 'G09.330.380.630.080'], ['A07.541.278.395', 'A16.378.303.395'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['A07.541.358'], ['A07.541.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['C08.381.423.694', 'C16.614.694'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Evaluation of genetic variability and mutation drift equilibrium of Banni buffalo using multi locus microsatellite markers.
|
The present study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity of Banni buffalo and its relationship/differentiation with Murrah using genotypic data on 24 heterologus bovine specific microsatellite marker loci. A total of 138 alleles were observed with a mean of 5.75 alleles/locus across two populations. The mean observed and expected heterozygosities were found to be 0.441 and 0.572 respectively in Banni buffaloes while it was 0.464 and 0.610 respectively in Murrah buffaloes. The average heterozygosity deficit was significantly positive with substantially higher values observed in Banni (22.3%) and Murrah (24%) buffalo populations. Banni buffalo population, when evaluated for mutation drift equilibrium revealed significant heterozygosity excess under IAM while no such excess was observed under SMM and TPM. The qualitative graphical test revealed a normal L-shaped distribution of allele frequencies indicating the absence of genetic bottleneck in Banni buffaloes. The mean estimates of F-statistics over all the loci were 0.376 for F(IT), 0.187 for F(ST) and 0.232 for F(IS) respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed 18.95% of the total variation being explained by between breed differences while 14.36% of the variation explained differences between individuals within each breed. Genotype assignment test revealed distinct clustering of Banni and Murrah buffaloes. Genetic distance was estimated using three different methods, the results of which revealed considerable genetic differentiation between these two buffalo populations. The divergence time between Banni and Murrah buffaloes was estimated to be around 7286 years. The results of the present study may be helpful in decision making for conservation programs as Banni buffalo population is on decline.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Buffaloes', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genetic Drift', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Genotype', 'India', 'Mutation', 'Species Specificity']
| 19,130,283
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.135'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.045.300', 'G05.330.320'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G05.380'], ['Z01.252.245.393'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Morphological and molecular studies on life cycle stages of Diphtherostomum brusinae (Digenea: Zoogonidae) from northern Portugal.
|
Diphtherostomum brusinae was first recorded by the present study in the north of Portugal. Sporocysts, containing cercariae and encysted metacercariae, were observed in the gonads and digestive gland of the gastropod Nassarius reticulatus. Metacercariae were also found infecting the foot, mantle border and gills of the cockle Cerastoderma edule. The adult form was lodged in the rectum of the definitive host Diplodus sargus. The morphology of the three parasitic stages was studied by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Despite the close similarity between cercaria and metacercaria, SEM data provided information that allowed their differentiation, namely the presence of a dense crown of microvilli around the oral cavity of the cercariae, which was absent in the metacercariae. In addition, the metacercariae presented a specific pre-acetabular rectangular band with conspicuous triangular spines. The adult showed characteristics of D. brusinae species, in particular the presence of acetabular lips, compact vitellaria and large elliptical eggs. Sequenced ITS1 data clearly demonstrated that the cercariae and metacercarial cysts from N. reticulatus, the cysts from C. edule and the adult isolated from D. sargus were life cycle stages that belonged to the same species, i.e. D. brusinae. Two transmission strategies in the life cycle of this species were observed: (1) cercariae encyst within the sporocysts of N. reticulatus and await ingestion by the definitive host; and (2) N. reticulatus naturally emits cercariae; they encyst in C. edule or the environment and are ingested by the definitive host.
|
['Animals', 'Cardiidae', 'DNA, Helminth', 'DNA, Ribosomal', 'Larva', 'Life Cycle Stages', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Portugal', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Trematoda', 'Trematode Infections']
| 19,265,558
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.644.080.150'], ['D13.444.308.315'], ['D13.444.308.475'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['B05.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['Z01.542.727'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['B01.050.500.500.736.715'], ['C01.610.335.865']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Neo-tanshinlactone inspired synthesis, in vitro evaluation of novel substituted benzocoumarin derivatives as potent anti-breast cancer agents.
|
A small library of novel benzocoumarin derivatives based on naturally occurring neo-tanshinlactone scaffold was constructed and their antiproliferative activities against breast cancer cells MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 were evaluated. A number of derivatives showed good anti-breast cancer activity, in some cases higher to that of the reference compound tamoxifen. In particular, benzocoumarins Bc-5, Bc-8 and Bc-9 strongly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cancer cell line with the IC(50) values of 3.8, 7.9 and 6.5 ìM, respectively. The compounds were capable of inducing nuclear fragmentation, cell cycle arrest and caspase dependent apoptosis in MCF-7 cell lines. In addition, these derivatives were devoid of cytotoxic effect against normal osteoblast cells. These synthetic benzocoumarins hold promises for developing safer alternative to the existing anti-breast cancer agents.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Coumarins', 'Female', 'Furans', 'Humans', 'Pyrones', 'Small Molecule Libraries']
| 20,951,035
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['D03.383.663.283.446', 'D03.633.100.150.446'], ['D03.383.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.663.718'], ['D27.720.470.765']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Role of dual pacemaker mechanisms in sinoatrial node discharge.
|
We investigated whether in the sinoatrial node (SAN) there are two different pacemaker mechanisms and whether either one can maintain spontaneous discharge. These questions were studied by means of an electrophysiological technique and of blockers of different diastolic currents in rabbit and guinea pig isolated SAN. In SAN subsidiary pacemakers of both species, Cs(+) (5-10 mM) or high [K(+)](o) (10-12 mM) decreased the maximum diastolic potential, abolished diastolic depolarization (DD) at polarized levels (subsidiary DD), unmasked a U-shaped dominant DD at depolarized levels, but did not stop the SAN. In rabbit SAN, E4031 (1 microM) and d-sotalol (100 microM) did not stop discharge, but did so after block of subsidiary DD by high [K(+)](o) or Cs(+). In guinea pig SAN, in Tyrode solution E4031, d-sotalol or indapamide (100 microM) did not stop SAN discharge. In the presence of Cs(+) or high [K(+)](o) indapamide (but not E4031 or d-sotalol) stopped the SAN. Ba(2+) (1-5 mM) led to stoppage of discharge both in Tyrode solution and in high [K(+)](o) or Cs(+). Depolarization by blockers of DD unmasked sinusoidal fluctuations, which during recovery were responsible for resumption of discharge. We conclude that in rabbit and guinea pig SAN, two different pacemaker mechanisms (Cs(+)- and K(+)-sensitive subsidiary DD, and Cs(+)- and K(+)-insensitive dominant DD) can independently sustain discharge, but block of both mechanisms leads to quiescence. Abolition of dominant DD by blockers of I(K) is consistent with a decay of I(K) as the dominant pacemaking mechanism, I(Kr) being more important in rabbit and I(Ks) in guinea pig. Sinusoidal fluctuations appear to be an essential component of the pacemaking process.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Anti-Arrhythmia Agents', 'Barium Compounds', 'Cesium', 'Chlorides', 'Female', 'Guinea Pigs', 'Heart Rate', 'Indapamide', 'Isotonic Solutions', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Piperidines', 'Potassium', 'Pyridines', 'Rabbits', 'Sinoatrial Node', 'Tetrodotoxin']
| 10,754,384
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.411.097'], ['D01.103'], ['D01.268.549.125', 'D01.268.556.165', 'D01.552.528.160', 'D01.552.544.165'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.550'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['D02.065.884.540', 'D02.886.590.700.540', 'D03.633.100.473.391'], ['D26.776.498'], ['E05.599.395'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['D03.383.621'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['D03.383.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A07.541.409.819'], ['D03.633.100.786.910', 'D23.946.580.910']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biosynthesis and secretion of the third component of complement by human endothelial cells in vitro.
|
The third component of complement (C3) is synthesized and released by cultured human capillary endothelial cells. After the incubation of cells in a methionine-free medium containing 35S-methionine for 48 hr, culture supernatants were immunoprecipitated with anti-human C3 serum. SDS solubilization and 2-ME reduction of the immunoprecipitates, followed by separation with SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography, revealed two major bands comparable to those of the alpha and beta chains of human C3. The content of C3 in the culture medium harvested at different time-intervals was determined by ELISA. The C3 secretion rate was about 250 ng/10(6) cells/5 days in the primary culture medium and 75 ng/10(6) cells/5 days after seven passages. The capillary endothelial cells described here have factor VIIIRAg specific for endothelial cells, and exhibit ring formation resembling capillary lumina, but they lack Weibel-Palade bodies.
|
['Antigens', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Child', 'Complement C3', 'Cycloheximide', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Endothelium', 'Factor VIII', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Male', 'von Willebrand Factor']
| 3,108,140
|
[['D23.050'], ['A11.251'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D12.776.124.050.140', 'D12.776.124.486.274.250'], ['D03.383.621.808.240'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['A10.272.491'], ['D12.776.124.125.350', 'D12.776.811.286', 'D23.119.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.125.920', 'D23.119.985']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Locus of control, life events and treatment outcome in alcohol dependent patients.
|
We investigated the relationship of locus of control and life events to outcome of treatment at 6 months in 67 patients with alcohol dependence. Outcome was less favourable in patients with pre-treatment scores indicating external locus of control than in those with internal locus of control. Furthermore, patients with relapse in the follow-up period experienced more independent life events with moderate to severe objective negative impact than those with more favourable outcome. These results suggest that locus of control may be of clinical use in formulating treatment and prognosis, and that the occurrence of life events may influence outcome. The results are discussed in relation to strategies for treatment and prevention of relapse.
|
['Adult', 'Alcoholism', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Internal-External Control', 'Life Change Events', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Recurrence']
| 3,176,993
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.379'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Correlation analysis between diabetic retinopathy and early atherosclerotic changes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes -- preliminary report].
|
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies have shown a correlation between advanced diabetic retinopathy and late stages of atherosclerosis. There are no findings on a possible relation between diabetic retinopathy and diseases of the cardiovascular system at their earliest stage in young people with diabetes type 1. The purpose of the study was to analyze a correlation between diabetic retinopathy and early atherosclerotic changes in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The study included 28 adolescents aged 17.6+/-1.4 years suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus for 7.9+/-3.1 years, the mean age of the disease onset - 9.5+/-3.7 years, a mean level of HbA1c - 8.6+/-1.9%. Eight patients with developing simple retinopathy, were separated from the whole group of young people. First control group consisted of the remaining patients with type 1 diabetes chosen with regard to age and sex, without disease complications. Second control group consisted of 11 healthy young people. The function of endothelium by measuring the brachial artery dilatation -- FMD and the intima-media complex thickness of the common carotid arteries were evaluated ultrasonographically.RESULTS: Young people with retinopathy had higher systolic pressure: 133+/-19 mmHg in comparison with patients without complications: 117+/-14 mmHg (p<0.05) and healthy people: 115+/-8 mmHg (p<0.05). All patients with diabetes showed significantly lower FMD (7.6+/-5.1%, p<0.05). In the group with retinopathy, FMD equaled 7.8+/-4.1% (p=0.04) and in the group without retinopathy - 7.6+/-5.5% (p<0.05) in comparison with 12.1+/-5.1% in healthy volunteers. Significantly higher IMT was found in all patients with diabetes in comparison with healthy young people: 0.49+/-0.06 vs. 0.42+/-0.03 mm (p<0.001). Patients with retinopathy had a significantly higher value of IMT in comparison not only with controls but also with patients without complications: 0.56+/-0.06 vs. 0.47+/-0.03 mm (p<0.001).CONCLUSIONS: 1. Young people with type 1 diabetes had a significantly impaired function of endothelium and higher IMT in comparison with healthy young people. 2. Adolescents with retinopathy were characterized by significantly higher values of systolic arterial blood pressure when compared to patients without complications 3. Higher IMT was found in patients with diabetic retinopathy in comparison with patients without complications, which may suggest that macrovascular changes are more advanced in case of complications than in patients without retinopathy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Brachial Artery', 'Carotid Artery, Common', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Tunica Intima', 'Tunica Media', 'Ultrasonography']
| 16,813,713
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A07.015.114.139'], ['A07.015.114.186.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['A07.015.700'], ['A07.015.733'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of abdominal vagotomy at proestrus on ovarian weight, ovarian antral follicles, and serum levels of gonadotropins, estradiol, and testosterone in the rat.
|
The effects of abdominal vagotomy at proestrus on ovarian weight and antral follicles greater than 150 microns diameter and on serum levels of gonadotropins and testosterone were assessed 24 and 48 h and 4 and 8 days after surgery. Serum levels of estradiol were assessed at 4 and 8 days. Vagotomy increased ovarian weight at 48 h, decreased ovarian weight at 4 days, but had no effect by day 8. Vagotomy increased healthy antral follicles 151-394 microns diameter at 24 and 48 h and increased atresia in this size range at 4 and 8 days. Vagotomy decreased healthy follicles 151-384 microns at day 8. Vagotomy decreased healthy follicles 395-570 microns at 24 h and decreased atretic follicles at 48 h. Vagotomy decreased the largest (over 570 micron diameter) healthy follicles at 24 h and 8 days. Vagotomy decreased basal serum LH levels at 48 h and 8 days. (In contrast, vagotomy increased FSH at 24 h). There was no effect on blood levels of estradiol and testosterone. These findings are discussed in relation to the hypothesis that the vagus nerve is a component of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis.
|
['Animals', 'Estradiol', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Gonadotropins, Pituitary', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Organ Size', 'Ovary', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Testosterone', 'Vagotomy', 'Vagus Nerve']
| 3,084,987
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['D06.472.699.322.576', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984'], ['E04.525.210.105.600.850'], ['A08.800.050.050.925', 'A08.800.050.600.825', 'A08.800.800.060.920', 'A08.800.800.120.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Meningeal leukemia complicating chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
|
Two patients with classic chronic lymphocytic leukemia had meningeal leukemia as a complication of their disease. Intrathecal chemotherapy was successful in eradicating signs and symptoms of meningeal involvement. One of these patients is alive without evidence of central nervous system leukemia 30 months after diagnosis of meningeal leukemia, and 5 1/2 years after the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Although uncommon, meningeal involvement in chronic lymphocytic leukemia may occur at various times in the course of the disease, it responds to conventional therapy.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Injections, Spinal', 'Leukemia, Lymphoid', 'Male', 'Meningeal Neoplasms', 'Methotrexate', 'Middle Aged']
| 6,895,047
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.580'], ['C04.557.337.428', 'C15.604.515.560', 'C20.683.515.528'], ['C04.588.614.250.580', 'C10.551.240.500'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Making light work: illuminating the future of biomedical optics.
|
In 1996, the Royal Society held a Discussion Meeting entitled 'Near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging of living systems'. In 2010, this topic was revisited in a Theo Murphy Royal Society Scientific Discussion Meeting entitled 'Making light work: illuminating the future of biomedical optics'. The second meeting provided the opportunity for leading researchers to reflect on how the technology, methods and applications have evolved over the past 14 years and assess where they have made a major impact. Particular emphasis was placed on discussions of future prospects and associated challenges. This Introduction provides an overview of the state of the art of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and biomedical optics, with specific reference to the contributed papers from the invited speakers included in this issue. Importantly, we also reflect on the contributions from all of the attendees by highlighting the issues raised during oral presentations, facilitated panel sessions and discussions, and use these to summarize the current opinion on the development and application of optical systems for use in the clinical and life sciences. A notable outcome from the meeting was a plan to establish a biennial international conference for developers and users of NIRS technologies.
|
['Biomedical Engineering', 'Brain', 'Diagnostic Imaging', 'Equipment Design', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Muscles', 'Optics and Photonics', 'Oximetry', 'Oxygen', 'Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared', 'Time Factors']
| 22,006,895
|
[['H02.070', 'J01.293.140'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350'], ['E05.320'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['H01.671.617', 'J01.293.688'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100.600', 'E01.370.370.380.600', 'E01.370.386.700.100.600', 'E05.200.124.100.100.600'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E01.370.350.750', 'E05.196.867.851'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel immunochromatographic assay using ultramarine blue particles as visible label for quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen.
|
Ultramarine blue particles as a novel visible label has been used to develop immunochromatographic assay (ICA). The ultramarine blue particles, as a sodalite mineral with formula: (Na,Ca)8[(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2(Al6Si6O24)], can generate a blue visible signal were used as a label for ICA. Ultramarine blue particles were applied to a sandwich immunoassay to detect hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg). Ultramarine blue particles were separated from ultramarine blue industrial product by centrifugation. The polyacrylic acid (PAA) was used to modify the carboxyl group on the surface of ultramarine blue particles. The goat anti-HBsAg monoclonal antibody was modified on ultramarine blue particles by EDC/NHS activation of the carboxyl groups. In the presence of HBsAg, the immune ultramarine blue particles were bound on test line zone and forming a blue line on ICA strip which was directly readout by naked eye and quantitatively measured by Image J software. Under optimal conditions, the color depth of test line was linearly correlated with the concentration of HBsAg in concentration range from 1 to 50 ng mL-1. The calibration equation was y = 385.796 + 97.2298x (R2 = 0.9872), with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.37 ng mL -1(S/N = 3). The sensitivity of this novel ICA was better than that of ICA based on traditional gold nanoparticles as reporter probe. The ultramarine blue particles offer an alternative type of visible label nanomaterial for the development of ICA.
|
['Hepatitis B Surface Antigens', 'Immunoassay', 'Particle Size', 'Pigments, Biological', 'Surface Properties']
| 31,948,577
|
[['D23.050.327.495.500.475'], ['E05.478.566', 'E05.601.470'], ['G02.712'], ['D23.767'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A sterically stabilized immunolipoplex for systemic administration of a therapeutic gene.
|
A sterically stabilized immunolipoplex (TsPLP), containing an antitransferrin receptor single-chain antibody fragment (TfRscFv)-PEG molecule, has been developed to specifically and efficiently deliver a therapeutic gene to tumor cells. A postcoating preparation strategy was employed in which a DNA/lipid complex (lipoplex) was formed first and then sequentially conjugated with PEG and TfRscFv. The complex prepared by this method was shown to be superior in ability to deliver genes to tumor cells than when prepared by a common precoating strategy, in which DNA is mixed with TfRscFv-PEG conjugated liposome. Using prostate cancer cell line DU145, a comparison was made between the in vitro and in vivo gene delivery efficiencies of four complexes, Lipoplex (LP), PEG-Lipoplex (PLP), TfRscFv-PEG-Lipoplex (TsPLP) and our standard TfRscFv-Lipoplex (TsLP). In vitro, the order of transfection efficiency was TsLP>LP approximately TsPLP>PLP. However, in vivo the order of transfection efficiency, after systemic administration via the tail vein, was TsPLP>TsLP>LP or PLP with TsPLP-mediated exogenous gene expression in tumor being two-fold higher than when mediated by TsLP. This suggests that the in vitro transfection efficiency of TsPLP was not indicative of its in vivo efficiency. In addition, it was found that the level of exogenous gene expression in the tumor mediated by TsPLP was higher than that mediated by TsLP and did not decrease over the time. More importantly, high exogenous gene expression in tumor, but low expression in liver, was observed after an i.v. delivery of TsPLP carrying either the GFP reporter gene or the p53 gene, indicating that tumor preferential targeting was maintained by this complex in the presence of PEG. These findings show that incorporation of PEG into our targeted lipoplex results in a more efficient delivery of the complex to the tumor cells, possibly by inhibiting the first pass clearance observed with non-PEG containing liposomes. Therefore, these data demonstrate that TsPLP is a improvement over our previously established tumor targeted gene delivery complex for systemic gene therapy of cancer.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'DNA', 'Female', 'Gene Targeting', 'Genetic Engineering', 'Genetic Therapy', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intravenous', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Receptors, Transferrin', 'Transfection', 'Transplantation, Heterologous']
| 15,229,629
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E05.393.335'], ['E05.393.420'], ['E02.095.301', 'E05.393.420.301'], ['G05.360.337'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.750', 'E02.319.267.530.540'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['E05.624'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D12.776.157.905.500', 'D12.776.543.750.800'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860'], ['E04.936.764']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Using Social Media to Measure the Contribution of Red List Species to the Nature-Based Tourism Potential of African Protected Areas.
|
Cultural ecosystem services are defined by people's perception of the environment, which make them hard to quantify systematically. Methods to describe cultural benefits from ecosystems typically include resource-demanding survey techniques, which are not suitable to assess cultural ecosystem services for large areas. In this paper we explore a method to quantify cultural benefits through the enjoyment of natured-based tourism, by assessing the potential tourism attractiveness of species for each protected area in Africa using the IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species. We use the number of pictures of wildlife posted on a photo sharing website as a proxy for charisma, popularity, and ease of observation, as these factors combined are assumed to determine how attractive species are for the global wildlife tourist. Based on photo counts of 2473 African animals and plants, species that seem most attractive to nature-based tourism are the Lion, African Elephant and Leopard. Combining the photo counts with species range data, African protected areas with the highest potential to attract wildlife tourists based on attractive species occurrence were Samburu National Reserve in Kenya, Mukogodo Forest Reserve located just north of Mount Kenya, and Addo Elephant National Park in South-Africa. The proposed method requires only three data sources which are freely accessible and available online, which could make the proposed index tractable for large scale quantitative ecosystem service assessments. The index directly links species presence to the tourism potential of protected areas, making the connection between nature and human benefits explicit, but excludes other important contributing factors for tourism, such as accessibility and safety. This social media based index provides a broad understanding of those species that are popular globally; in many cases these are not the species of highest conservation concern.
|
['Africa', 'Endangered Species', 'Refugium', 'Social Media', 'Travel', 'Wilderness']
| 26,068,111
|
[['Z01.058'], ['B01.050.050.565', 'G16.500.275.157.049.250', 'N06.230.080.200', 'N06.230.124.049.250'], ['G16.500.275.683', 'G16.500.819'], ['L01.178.751', 'L01.224.230.110.500.750'], ['I03.883'], ['G16.500.275.965']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Application of new coatings for vascular grafts based on polyacrylic systems with antiaggregating activity.
|
A study has been made of the behaviour of knitted and woven Dacron mesh used in the preparation of vascular grafts when coated with either a layer of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) or co-polymers of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with 5, 10 or 20 wt% of an acrylic derivative of salicylic acid, 2-methacryloyloxybenzoic acid. In vitro studies were carried out to quantify the loss of polymer under flow conditions, and ex vivo studies were done in dogs to quantify the deposition of 111In-oxine-labelled platelets. The treated materials showed a lesser deposition of platelet thrombi when compared with the control group.
|
['Animals', 'Biocompatible Materials', 'Blood Platelets', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Dogs', 'Materials Testing', 'Methacrylates', 'Platelet Aggregation', 'Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors', 'Polyethylene Terephthalates', 'Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate']
| 7,986,939
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130', 'D27.720.102.130', 'J01.637.051.130'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['E07.695.110'], ['G04.022'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.570'], ['D02.241.081.069.600'], ['G09.188.370.687', 'G09.188.390.600.640'], ['D27.505.954.502.780'], ['D05.750.728.764', 'D25.720.728.764', 'J01.637.051.720.728.764'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.685', 'D02.241.081.069.800.700', 'D05.750.716.822.111.650.750', 'D05.750.741.685', 'D25.720.716.822.111.650.750', 'D25.720.741.685', 'J01.637.051.720.716.822.111.650.750', 'J01.637.051.720.741.685']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of estrous synchronization on response to nitric oxide donors, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, and endothelin-1 in vitro.
|
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of nitric oxide (NO) donors, endothelin-(ET-1), and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitors on bovine luteal function in vitro. In experiment 1, estrus in Brahman cows was synchronized with Synchro-Mate-B (SMB) and day-13-14 corpora luteal slices were weighed, diced and incubated in vitro. Treatments (100 ng/ml) were: vehicle, N[see symbol in text]-nitro-L-arginine-L-methyl ester (L-NAME), N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine acetate (L-NMMA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), DETA-NONOate, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), or ET-1. In experiment 2, estrus was synchronized with Lutalyse, a Controlled Intravaginal Progesterone Releasing Device (CIDR), or cows were not synchronized. Corpora lutea were collected, weighed, and luteal slices were weighed, diced and incubated in vitro with treatments. Treatments (100ng/ml) were: vehicle, L- NAME, L-NMMA, DETA, DETA-NONOate, sodium nitroprusside, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP) or endothelin-1. Tissues were incubated in M- 199 for 1 h without treatments and for 4 and 8 h in both experiments with treatments in both experiments. Media were analyzed for progesterone, prostaglandins E2 and F2alpha (PGE2, PGF2alpha) by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Hormone data in experiments 1 and 2 were analyzed by 2 x 7 and 3 x 2 x 8 factorial design for analysis of variance (ANOVA), respectively. Luteal weights in experiment 2 were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA. Concentrations of progesterone in media were similar (P > or = 0.05) among treatments within experiments. Concentrations of PGE2 in media in experiment 1 were undetectable in 90 and 57% of the samples at 4 and 8 h, respectively. PGF2alpha increased (P < or = 0.05) with time, but did not differ (P > or = 0.05) among treatments. Secretion of PGF2alpha was not affected by treatments (P > or = 0.05). In experiment 2, luteal weights of the induced estrous cycle were decreased (P < or = 0.05) by Lutalyse. Concentrations of PGE2 and PGF2alpha increased (P < or = 0.05) with time in control of all three synchronization regimens. DETA-NONOate, SNAP, sodium nitroprusside (NO donors) and ET-1 increased (P < or = 0.05) PGE2 except in the CIDR synchronized group (P > or = 0.05). No treatment increased (P > or = 0.05) PGF2alpha in any synchronization regimen. It is concluded that either SMB containing norgestomet or a CIDR containing progesterone alters luteal secretion of PGE2, Lutalyse lowers luteal weights in the induced estrous cycle, and NO or ET-1 given alone are not luteolytic agents. It is suggested that NO and ET-1 could have indirect antiluteolytic/luteotropic effects via increasing PGE2 secretion by luteal tissue rather than being luteolytic.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Endothelin-1', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Estrus', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase', 'Radioimmunoassay']
| 15,560,115
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['D12.644.276.400.225', 'D12.776.467.400.225', 'D23.529.400.225'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G08.686.195.500'], ['E05.481'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bacteriuria increases the risk of edematous attacks in hereditary angioedema with C1-inhibitor deficiency.
|
Urinary tract infections are considered among the most common infectious disorders in humans. Various infections may have a role in inducing HAE attacks. Our study intended to evaluate bacteriuria in the urinalysis of patients with C1-INH-HAE. Urine specimens contributed by 139 patients with C1-INH-HAE at the annual control visits were studied retrospectively for microorganisms. We analyzed the presence of bacteriuria in relation to the clinical symptoms. Taking into account three randomly selected urine specimens, we found that the cumulative number of edematous attacks was higher in patients with bacteriuria than in those without (P = 0.019, P = 0.022, P = 0.014). Considering the same patients, attack number was significantly higher (14.51 vs 8.63) in patients with bacteriuria than in those without (P < 0.0001). In patients with bacteriuria, we found a higher incidence of edema formation during the year before evaluation, which may suggest the triggering role of bacteriuria in the occurrence of edematous episodes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bacteriuria', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Risk', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Young Adult']
| 27,548,887
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C01.915.219', 'C12.777.892.219', 'C13.351.968.892.219'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.907.079.500.750', 'C17.800.862.945.066.500.750', 'C20.543.480.904.066.500.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Conservation genetics of neotropical pollinators revisited: microsatellite analysis suggests that diploid males are rare in orchid bees.
|
Allozyme analyses have suggested that Neotropical orchid bee (Euglossini) pollinators are vulnerable because of putative high frequencies of diploid males, a result of loss of sex allele diversity in small hymenopteran populations with single locus complementary sex determination. Our analysis of 1010 males from 27 species of euglossine bees sampled across the Neotropics at 2–11 polymorphic microsatellite loci revealed only five diploid males at an overall frequency of 0.005 (95% CIs 0.002–0.010); errors through genetic nondetection of diploid males were likely small. In contrast to allozyme-based studies, we detected very weak or insignificant population genetic structure, even for a pair of populations >500 km apart, possibly accounting for low diploid male frequencies. Technical flaws in previous allozyme-based analyses have probably led to considerable overestimation of diploid male production in orchid bees. Other factors may have a more immediate impact on population persistence than the genetic load imposed by diploid males on these important Neotropical pollinators.
|
['Alleles', 'Animals', 'Bees', 'Diploidy', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Female', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genetics, Population', 'Male', 'Microsatellite Repeats', 'Models, Genetic', 'Models, Statistical', 'Orchidaceae', 'Pollination', 'Sex Factors', 'Species Specificity']
| 20,662,922
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.875.387'], ['G05.700.264'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['G05.365'], ['H01.158.273.343.335'], ['G02.111.570.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.080.708.800.500', 'G05.360.340.024.850.500'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.618.100.640'], ['G08.686.784.743', 'G15.776'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['G16.824']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of two novel clusters of ultrahigh-sulfur keratin-associated protein genes on human chromosome 11.
|
We analyzed two novel clusters of keratin-associated protein (KAP) genes on human chromosome 11 (11p15.5 and 11q13.5) in which we identified two known human KRTAP5 genes, KerA (=KRN1) and KerB, and nine novel KRTAP5 family genes. RT-PCR analysis of these KAP genes showed preferential expression in human hair root, suggesting these gene products are required for hair formation. Based on the deduced amino acid sequences, all these KAP proteins were classified into an ultrahigh-sulfur (UHS) type KAP with high cysteine content (> 30 mol%). These KAPs also showed high glycine and serine contents (average 24.30 and 21.13 mol%, respectively), distinguishing from other UHS/HS KAP families located on human chromosomes 17 and 21. Dot-matrix analysis revealed a significant similarity between these two KAP gene clusters. We postulated a mechanism by which these two KAP gene clusters are generated via genomic duplication of a primordial gene cluster followed by genetic modification during evolution.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11', 'Cysteine', 'Gene Expression', 'Genome, Human', 'Glycine', 'Hair Follicle', 'Humans', 'Keratins', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Multigene Family', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Serine', 'Skin', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 15,144,888
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.355', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.355'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['G05.297'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['D12.125.481'], ['A10.272.497.500', 'A17.360.710', 'A17.815.250.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['E05.393.751'], ['D12.125.154.800'], ['A17.815'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Structure-activity relationship of boronic acid derivatives of tyropeptin: proteasome inhibitors.
|
The structure-activity relationship of the boronic acid derivatives of tyropeptin, a proteasome inhibitor, was studied. Based on the structure of a previously reported boronate analog of tyropeptin (2), 41 derivatives, which have varying substructure at the N-terminal acyl moiety and P2 position, were synthesized. Among them, 3-phenoxyphenylacetamide 6 and 3-fluoro picolinamide 22 displayed the most potent inhibitory activity toward chymotryptic activity of proteasome and cytotoxicity, respectively. The replacement of the isopropyl group in the P2 side chain to H or Me had negligible effects on the biological activities examined in this study.
|
['Boron Compounds', 'Boronic Acids', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Dipeptides', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Humans', 'Oligopeptides', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Proteasome Inhibitors', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 20,727,746
|
[['D01.132', 'D02.203'], ['D01.029.260.110', 'D01.132.285', 'D02.203.200'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D12.644.456.345'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.456'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.705'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A newly identified polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum attenuates hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia.
|
A polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum (PSG-1) was purified and characterized, and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects were investigated in high fat diet- and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral administration of PSG-1 at 200 or 400 mg/kg body weight significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and serum insulin levels. PSG-1 significantly decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, free fatty acid and insulin resistance, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and insulin sensitivity. In addition, PSG-1 inhibited the expression of pro-apoptotic protein, Bax and increased the expression of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2 in pancreatic cells, suggesting that PSG-1 exerted a protective role in the pancreas of diabetic rats. These results indicated that PSG-1 may have a potential for the treatment of hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes.
|
['Animals', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Fungal Polysaccharides', 'Ganoderma', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hyperlipidemias', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Hypolipidemic Agents', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'bcl-2-Associated X Protein']
| 23,500,445
|
[['B01.050'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['D09.698.357', 'D23.050.202.283'], ['B01.300.179.120.760.338'], ['G05.308'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C18.452.584.500.500'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D27.505.519.186.071', 'D27.505.954.557.500'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['D10'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.644.360.075.718.400', 'D12.776.476.075.718.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Radiation pneumopathy. Our experience in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease with mantle-shaped field radiotherapy].
|
The literature of the radiation pneumonitis is reviewed from the standpoint of the pathogenesis, histopathology and dependent parameters of the disease. A series of 125 patients treated with mantle fields for Hodgkin's disease between 1972/80 is studied. The radiation pneumonitis developed radiologically in 28 patients (22,4%); in 20 (72%) was asymptomatic. The incidence of pneumonitis against the time of onset of the disease, reveals a peak about the first three months after the end of radiotherapy. No significative variations of incidence of disease are seen in two groups of patients treated respectively with and without chemotherapy (20% and 26%). Frequency diagrams of pneumonitis as a function of the calculate values of the dose for TD, rets, TDF, show a significant correlation with the ranges of doses expressed in TDF.
|
['Animals', 'Hodgkin Disease', 'Humans', 'Pneumonia', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Radiography', 'Radiotherapy', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 6,535,171
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.557.386.355', 'C15.604.515.569.355', 'C20.683.515.761.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C01.748.610', 'C08.381.677', 'C08.730.610'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E02.815'], ['E02.815.639'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
MR imaging depicts oxidative stress induced by methemoglobin.
|
PURPOSE: To correlate the effect of red blood cell hemoglobin on signal generation during magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and local oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL).MATERIALS AND METHODS: Informed consent was obtained from all volunteers participating in this study, which was approved by the research ethics board. T1 relaxometry of blood samples from six volunteers was performed. Lipid peroxidation was assayed by using thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and fluorescence quenching of cis-parinaric acid. Two-tailed Student t tests were used to detect differences between means. A Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the linearity of the data.RESULTS: Lipid oxidation was significantly enhanced after addition of blood, according to results of the TBARS assay; greater oxidation occurred with ferric than with ferrous blood. The cis-parinaric acid assay demonstrated increased oxidative stress caused by extracellular as compared with intracellular ferric hemoglobin. MR imaging measures showed a T1 relaxivity that was 10 times higher for ferric than for ferrous forms of hemoglobin.CONCLUSION: Extracellular ferric hemoglobin is significantly more pro-oxidant and has higher T1 relaxivity than its ferrous counterparts. These results support the hypothesis that ferric methemoglobin-generated T1 high signal intensity reflects a pro-oxidant environment that, in the setting of vessel wall disease, might be proatherogenic.
|
['Fatty Acids, Unsaturated', 'Humans', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Methemoglobin', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances']
| 20,829,533
|
[['D10.251.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['D12.776.124.400.599', 'D12.776.422.316.762.571'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Social disclosure among coworkers without disabilities in supported employment settings.
|
The depth and breadth of reported self-disclosure by workers without disabilities (respondents) for three types of coworkers (i.e., work acquaintances, work friends, and social friends) were assessed. Reported self-disclosure of coworkers to supported employees was also compared, and the extent to which self-disclosure by respondents to job coaches correlated with intimacy of relationships between supported employees and respondents was analyzed. Results indicated that depth of self-disclosure can contribute to friendship formation, but coworkers did little self-disclosing to supported employees. Self-disclosure to job coaches did not correlate significantly with the development of relationships between the coworkers and supported employees. There is a need to teach supported employees to self-disclose to their coworkers and to prompt coworkers to talk about themselves in depth.
|
['Adult', 'Employment, Supported', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Interpersonal Relations', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Peer Group', 'Rehabilitation, Vocational', 'Self Disclosure']
| 10,028,817
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N01.824.245.350', 'N02.421.784.644.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['F01.829.401'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.782', 'E02.831.782', 'N02.421.784.644'], ['F01.752.747.792.662']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A novel presentation of cryptococcal infection in a renal allograft recipient.
|
The population of immunosuppressed patients is growing rapidly because of the HIV epidemic and the rapid expansion in transplant medicine. These patients may present to a variety of clinical specialties with seemingly innocuous infections. We present here the first Irish case of primary cryptococcal cellulitis. The patient was a 62-year old renal transplant recipient and was immunosuppressed with Cyclosporine, Azathioprine and Prednisolone. He presented with an apparent bacterial cellulitis on the dorsum of the hand that had failed to respond to a 3-week course of oral antibiotics. There was no clinical evidence of systemic infection. There was tissue necrosis present and the area was debrided surgically. Histological examination of debrided tissue revealed necrotic granulomata and budding yeast-like organisms. Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from this specimen. The patient was treated with oral fluconazole 400 mg daily for 6 weeks with complete healing of the infected area and no evidence of recurrence after 12 months of follow up. This case emphasises the need for a high index of suspicion for atypical infection in the immunocompromised patient.
|
['Antifungal Agents', 'Cryptococcosis', 'Cryptococcus', 'Dermatomycoses', 'Fluconazole', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Kidney Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Risk Factors', 'Skin']
| 10,967,854
|
[['D27.505.954.122.136'], ['C01.150.703.248'], ['B01.300.381.258', 'B01.300.930.316'], ['C01.150.703.302', 'C01.800.200', 'C17.800.838.208'], ['D03.383.129.799.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['E02.870.500', 'E04.936.450.485', 'E04.950.774.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Implementation of the Canadian C-spine rule reduces cervical spine x-ray rate for alert patients with potential neck injury.
|
The objectives of this before-and-after study of alert, stable adult patients presenting to the Emergency Department of Western Hospital with potential neck injuries who were immobilized in hard cervical collars were to determine the impact of implementation of the Canadian C-spine rule on x-ray ordering rates and whether implementation of the rule reduced time in hard collars for patients with potential neck injury. Data collected included demographics, mechanism of injury, x-ray rate, and time in hard collar. Data analysis was by chi-square test for proportions and Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables. There were 211 patients studied. The x-ray ordering rate decreased from 67% to 50% (25% relative reduction, p = 0.0187). Time in hard collar was also reduced from a median of 128 min to a median of 103 min (effect size 25.5 min), but this did not reach statistical significance. Implementation of the Canadian C-spine rule reduced x-ray ordering by 25%.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cervical Vertebrae', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Emergency Medicine', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immobilization', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neck Injuries', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care', 'Radiography', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Victoria']
| 15,707,805
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A02.835.232.834.151'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['H02.403.250'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.472'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.700'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Altered directionality in the Cre-LoxP site-specific recombination pathway.
|
The site-specific recombinase Cre must employ control mechanisms to impose directionality on recombination. When two recombination sites (locus of crossing over in phage P1, loxP) are placed as direct repeats on the same DNA molecule, collision between loxP-bound Cre dimers leads to excision of intervening DNA. If two sites are placed as inverted repeats, the intervening segment is flipped around. Cre catalyzes these reactions in the absence of protein co-factors. Current models suggest that directionality is controlled at two steps in the recombination pathway: the juxtaposition of loxP sites and the single-strand-transfer reactions within the synaptic complex. Here, we show that in Escherichia coli strain 294-Cre, directionality for recombination is altered when the expression of Cre is increased. This leads to deletion instead of inversion on substrates carrying two loxP sites as inverted repeats. The nucleotide sequence composition of loxP sites remaining in aberrant products indicates that site alignment and/or DNA strand transfer in the in vivo Cre-loxP recombination pathway are not always tightly controlled.
|
['Attachment Sites, Microbiological', 'Bacteriophage P1', 'Base Sequence', 'Blotting, Western', 'Dimerization', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Reporter', 'Genes, Viral', 'Integrases', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Recombination, Genetic', 'Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Viral Proteins']
| 11,492,999
|
[['G05.360.340.024.079'], ['B04.123.150.500.300', 'B04.123.205.300', 'B04.280.090.500.300'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['G02.206', 'G03.230'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.435'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['D08.811.739.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.728'], ['G02.111.570.080.708', 'G05.360.080.708'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Is muscle glycogenolysis impaired in X-linked phosphorylase b kinase deficiency?
|
OBJECTIVE: It is unclear to what extent muscle phosphorylase b kinase (PHK) deficiency is associated with exercise-related symptoms and impaired muscle metabolism, because 1) only four patients have been characterized at the molecular level, 2) reported symptoms have been nonspecific, and 3) lactate responses to ischemic handgrip exercise have been normal.METHODS: We studied a 50-year-old man with X-linked PHK deficiency using ischemic forearm and cycle ergometry exercise tests to define the derangement of muscle metabolism. We compared our findings with those in patients with McArdle disease and in healthy subjects.RESULTS: Sequencing of PHKA1 showed a novel pathogenic mutation (c.831G>A) in exon 7. There was a normal increase of plasma lactate during forearm ischemic exercise, but lactate did not change during dynamic, submaximal exercise in contrast to the fourfold increase in healthy subjects. Constant workload elicited a second wind in all patients with McArdle disease, but not in the patient with PHK deficiency. IV glucose administration appeared to improve exercise tolerance in the patient with PHK deficiency, but not to the same extent as in the patients with McArdle disease. Lipolysis was higher in the patient with PHK deficiency than in controls.CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that X-linked PHK deficiency causes a mild metabolic myopathy with blunted muscle glycogen breakdown and impaired lactate production during dynamic exercise, which impairs oxidative capacity only marginally. The different response of lactate to submaximal and maximal exercise is likely related to differential activation mechanisms for myophosphorylase.
|
['Chromosomes, Human, X', 'Exercise Test', 'Glycogen', 'Glycogen Storage Disease Type V', 'Glycogen Storage Disease Type VIII', 'Glycogenolysis', 'Humans', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Weakness', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phosphorylase Kinase', 'Physical Exertion', 'Point Mutation', 'Protein Subunits']
| 18,401,027
|
[['A11.284.187.520.300.325.680', 'A11.284.187.865.982.500', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.680', 'G05.360.162.865.982.500'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['D05.750.078.562.388', 'D09.698.365.388'], ['C16.320.565.202.449.560', 'C18.452.648.202.449.560'], ['C16.320.322.217', 'C16.320.565.202.449.620', 'C18.452.648.202.449.620'], ['G02.111.158.625', 'G03.191.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651.515', 'C10.597.613.593', 'C23.550.695', 'C23.888.592.608.593'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.650'], ['G11.427.683'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['D12.776.813']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fasting Enhances the Contrast of Bone Metastatic Lesions in 18
|
18F-fluciclovine (trans-1-amino-3-18F-fluorocyclobutanecarboxylic acid) is an amino acid positron emission tomography (PET) tracer used for cancer staging (e.g., prostate and breast). Patients scheduled to undergo amino acid-PET are usually required to fast before PET tracer administration. However, there have been no reports addressing whether fasting improves fluciclovine-PET imaging. In this study, the authors investigated the influence of fasting on fluciclovine-PET using triple-tracer autoradiography with 14C-fluciclovine, [5,6-³H]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (³H-FDG), and 99mTc-hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (99mTc-HMDP) in a rat breast cancer model of mixed osteolytic/osteoblastic bone metastases in which the animals fasted overnight. Lesion accumulation of each tracer was evaluated using the target-to-background (muscle) ratio. The mean ratios of 14C-fluciclovine in osteolytic lesions were 4.6 ± 0.8 and 2.8 ± 0.6, respectively, with and without fasting, while those for ³H-FDG were 6.9 ± 2.5 and 5.1 ± 2.0, respectively. In the peri-tumor bone formation regions (osteoblastic), where 99mTc-HMDP accumulated, the ratios of 14C-fluciclovine were 4.3 ± 1.4 and 2.4 ± 0.7, respectively, and those of ³H-FDG were 6.2 ± 3.8 and 3.3 ± 2.2, respectively, with and without fasting. These results suggest that fasting before 18F-fluciclovine-PET improves the contrast between osteolytic and osteoblastic bone metastatic lesions and background, as well as 18F-FDG-PET.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Bone and Bones', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carboxylic Acids', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Contrast Media', 'Cyclobutanes', 'Fasting', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Male', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Technetium Tc 99m Medronate']
| 28,468,238
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['A02.835.232', 'A10.165.265'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['D02.241'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D27.505.259.500', 'D27.720.259'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.201'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D02.691.825.750', 'D02.705.429.500.885']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A histomorphological study of tendon reconstruction to a hydroxyapatite-coated implant: regeneration of a neo-enthesis in vivo.
|
The attachment of tendons and ligaments to massive endoprostheses remains a clinical challenge due to the difficulty in achieving a soft tissue implant interface with a mechanical strength sufficient to transmit the forces necessary for locomotion. We have used an in vivo animal model to study patellar tendon attachment to an implant surface. The interface generated when the patellar tendon was attached to a hydroxyapatite (HA) coated implant was examined using light microscopy and a quantitative histomorphological analysis was performed. In the Autograft Group, the interface was augmented with autogenous cancellous bone and marrow graft, and at six weeks an indirect-like insertion was observed. At twelve weeks, the interface was observed to be a layered neo-enthesis, whose morphology was similar to a normal direct tendon insertion. In the HA Group, the tendon-implant interface was not augmented, and the implant was enveloped by a dense collagenous fibrous tissue. This study shows that a tendon-implant neo-enthesis can develop in situ by employing a suitable implant surface in association with biological augmentation.
|
['Animals', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Durapatite', 'Female', 'Knee Joint', 'Models, Animal', 'Osseointegration', 'Patella', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prostheses and Implants', 'Sheep', 'Tendons']
| 15,475,215
|
[['B01.050'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['A02.835.583.475'], ['E05.598'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['A02.835.232.043.650.624', 'A02.835.232.730.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E07.695'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A02.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Early spontaneous ileal perforations in preterm infants: report of 4 cases].
|
An ileal perforation occurred shortly after birth in 4 very premature newborns. Diagnosis was made on an abdominal distension with a pneumoperitoneum on X-ray. There were no biological, radiological nor histological signs of necrotizing enterocolitis. There were no digestive short- or long-term complications. According to the few authors who described this syndrome, there are some risk factors, but they were not clearly involved in our cases. Ileal perforation in the absence of signs of necrotizing enterocolitis is rarely reported but should be well known because of its good prognosis.
|
['Diagnosis, Differential', 'Humans', 'Ileal Diseases', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Intestinal Perforation', 'Prognosis', 'Risk Factors']
| 16,084,073
|
[['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.420'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['C06.405.469.557'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism mutation D923N of the Na+, K+-ATPase alpha3 isoform disrupts Na+ interaction at the third Na+ site.
|
Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), a rare neurological disorder, is caused by mutation of the neuron-specific alpha3-isoform of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. Here, we present the functional consequences of RDP mutation D923N. Relative to the wild type, the mutant exhibits a remarkable approximately 200-fold reduction of Na(+) affinity for activation of phosphorylation from ATP, reflecting a defective interaction of the E(1) form with intracellular Na(+). This is the largest effect on Na(+) affinity reported so far for any Na(+), K(+)-ATPase mutant. D923N also affects the interaction with extracellular Na(+) normally driving the E(1)P to E(2)P conformational transition backward. However, no impairment of K(+) binding was observed for D923N, leading to the conclusion that Asp(923) is specifically associated with the third Na(+) site that is selective toward Na(+). The crystal structure of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in E(2) form shows that Asp(923) is located in the cytoplasmic half of transmembrane helix M8 inside a putative transport channel, which is lined by residues from the transmembrane helices M5, M7, M8, and M10 and capped by the C terminus, recently found involved in recognition of the third Na(+) ion. Structural modeling of the E(1) form of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase based on the Ca(2+)-ATPase crystal structure is consistent with the hypothesis that Asp(923) contributes to a site binding the third Na(+) ion. These results in conjunction with our previous findings with other RDP mutants suggest that a selective defect in the handling of Na(+) may be a general feature of the RDP disorder.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'COS Cells', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Dystonic Disorders', 'Humans', 'Mutation, Missense', 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'Potassium', 'Protein Binding', 'Sodium', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 20,576,601
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251.210.172.500', 'A11.329.228.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['C10.228.662.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590.650'], ['C10.228.140.079.862', 'C10.228.662.600'], ['D01.268.549.550', 'D01.268.557.575', 'D01.552.528.652', 'D01.552.547.650'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.