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Identification and characterization of mechanistically distinct inducers of gamma-globin transcription.
|
Inhibition of HbS polymerization is a major target for therapeutic approaches in sickle cell anemia. Toward this goal, initial efforts at pharmacological elevation of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has shown therapeutic efficacy. In order to identify well-tolerated, novel agents that induce HbF in patients, we developed a high-throughput screening approach based on induction of gamma-globin gene expression in erythroid cells. We measured gamma-globin transcription in K562 cells transfected with either gamma promoter elements fused with the locus control region hypersensitivity site 2 and luciferase reporter gene (HS2 gamma) or a beta-yeast artificial chromosome in which the luciferase reporter gene was recombined into the gamma-globin coding sequences (gamma YAC). Corresponding pharmacological increases in HbF protein were confirmed in both K562 cells and in human primary erythroid progenitor cells. Approximately 186,000 defined chemicals and fungal extracts were evaluated for their ability to increase gamma gene transcription in either HS2 gamma or gamma YAC models. Eleven distinct classes of compounds were identified, the majority of which were active within 24-48 hr. The short chain hydroxamate-containing class generally exhibited delayed maximal activity, which continued to increase transcription up to 120 hr. The cyclic tetrapeptide OSI-2040 and the hydroxamates were shown to have histone deacetylase inhibitory activity. In primary hematopoietic progenitor cell cultures, OSI-2040 increased HbF by 4.5-fold at a concentration of only 40 nM, comparable to the effects of hydroxyurea at 100 microM. This screening methodology successfully identifies active compounds for further mechanistic and preclinical evaluation as potential therapeutic agents for sickle cell anemia.
|
['Anemia, Sickle Cell', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Erythroid Precursor Cells', 'Fetal Hemoglobin', 'Globins', 'Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Humans', 'K562 Cells', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 14,563,486
|
[['C15.378.071.141.150.150', 'C15.378.420.155', 'C16.320.070.150', 'C16.320.365.155'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['A11.148.378.590.837.250', 'A11.443.240.497', 'A11.872.378.590.817.250', 'A15.378.316.378.590.837.250'], ['D12.776.124.400.303', 'D12.776.422.316.762.320'], ['D12.776.422.316'], ['D27.505.519.389.360'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.251.210.190.510', 'A11.251.860.180.510', 'A11.443.240.497.480'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Influence of the endothelium on contractile responses of arteries from diabetic rats.
|
Contractile responses of aortas and mesenteric arteries from control and 3 month streptozotocin-diabetic rats to alpha-adrenoceptor agonists were compared in the presence and absence of endothelium. In the presence of endothelium, responses of both arteries from diabetic animals to norepinephrine and methoxamine were enhanced compared to control, although no response to clonidine could be detected in arteries from either control or diabetic animals. Following endothelium removal, no significant differences were found between control and diabetic arteries in maximum contractile responses to noradrenaline or methoxamine. However, the sensitivity (pD2) of diabetic aortas to these two agonists was significantly increased, while maximum responses of diabetic aortas and mesenteric arteries to clonidine were much greater than control. In addition, no differences between control and diabetic aortas were detected when cGMP levels were measured in the absence and presence of acetylcholine. These results suggest that enhanced responsiveness of arteries from diabetic animals to alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation is not the result of a decrease in endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) release in diabetic blood vessels.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Arteries', 'Clonidine', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Mesenteric Arteries', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 2,850,927
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['A07.015.114'], ['D03.383.129.308.436.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['E05.481'], ['A07.015.114.565'], ['G11.427.494'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Stream macroinvertebrate response models for bioassessment metrics: addressing the issue of spatial scale.
|
We developed independent predictive disturbance models for a full regional data set and four individual ecoregions (Full Region vs. Individual Ecoregion models) to evaluate effects of spatial scale on the assessment of human landscape modification, on predicted response of stream biota, and the effect of other possible confounding factors, such as watershed size and elevation, on model performance. We selected macroinvertebrate sampling sites for model development (n = 591) and validation (n = 467) that met strict screening criteria from four proximal ecoregions in the northeastern U.S.: North Central Appalachians, Ridge and Valley, Northeastern Highlands, and Northern Piedmont. Models were developed using boosted regression tree (BRT) techniques for four macroinvertebrate metrics; results were compared among ecoregions and metrics. Comparing within a region but across the four macroinvertebrate metrics, the average richness of tolerant taxa (RichTOL) had the highest R(2) for BRT models. Across the four metrics, final BRT models had between four and seven explanatory variables and always included a variable related to urbanization (e.g., population density, percent urban, or percent manmade channels), and either a measure of hydrologic runoff (e.g., minimum April, average December, or maximum monthly runoff) and(or) a natural landscape factor (e.g., riparian slope, precipitation, and elevation), or a measure of riparian disturbance. Contrary to our expectations, Full Region models explained nearly as much variance in the macroinvertebrate data as Individual Ecoregion models, and taking into account watershed size or elevation did not appear to improve model performance. As a result, it may be advantageous for bioassessment programs to develop large regional models as a preliminary assessment of overall disturbance conditions as long as the range in natural landscape variability is not excessive.
|
['Animals', 'Invertebrates', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 24,675,770
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500'], ['E05.599'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reduced expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 in non-small cell lung carcinoma: a prognostic factor independent of Ras.
|
Levels of p27 have been found to have independent prognostic significance in a variety of tumors including breast, colon, prostate, ovary, and gastric carcinomas. We investigated p27 levels and determined ras mutational status in 136 non-small cell lung cancers. We found reduced levels of p27 in 86% of cases and showed a statistically significant inverse correlation between p27 levels and tumor grade. ras mutations were found exclusively in adenocarcinomas and showed no relationship to p27 levels. Clinical data on a subset of the patients studied indicated that all 16 patients who died of disease and 21 of 22 patients who relapsed had low p27 levels, whereas all patients with high p27 levels were alive at last follow up. These findings suggest that alteration in p27 levels plays an important role in lung tumor progression and that p27 levels may have independent prognostic significance in non-small cell lung cancer.
|
['Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27', 'Genes, ras', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Mutation', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 9,973,218
|
[['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['G04.144'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D12.644.360.225.600', 'D12.776.167.187.600', 'D12.776.476.225.600', 'D12.776.624.776.355.600'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['G05.365.590'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Fusarium graminearum
|
Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat and barley caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum reduces crop yield and contaminates grain with mycotoxins. In this study, we investigated two exo-1,5-á-L-arabinanases (Arb93A and Arb93B) secreted by F. graminearum and their effect on wheat head blight development. Arabinan is an important component of plant cell walls but it was not known whether these arabinanases play a role in FHB. Both ARB93A and ARB93B were induced during the early stages of infection. arb93A mutants did not exhibit a detectable change in ability to cause FHB, whereas arb93B mutants caused lower levels of FHB symptoms and deoxynivalenol contamination compared with the wild type. Furthermore, virulence and deoxynivalenol contamination were restored to wild-type levels in ARB93B complemented mutants. Fusion proteins of green fluorescent protein (GFP) with the predicted chloroplast peptide or the mature protein of Arb93B were not observed in the chloroplast. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was reduced in the infiltrated zones of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves expressing ARB93B-GFP. Coexpression of ARB93B-GFP and Bax in N. benthamiana leaves significantly suppressed Bax-programmed cell death. Our results indicate that Arb93B enhances plant disease susceptibility by suppressing ROS-associated plant defense responses.
|
['Fungal Proteins', 'Fusarium', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Mutation', 'Mycotoxins', 'Plant Diseases', 'Plant Immunity', 'Triticum']
| 30,759,350
|
[['D12.776.354'], ['B01.300.381.366'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D23.946.587'], ['G15.610'], ['G12.450.800', 'G15.630'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Yields and nutrient content of selected fresh fruits.
|
Proximate composition, edible yields, and selected nutrients were measured in cantaloupe, cherries, grapes, nectarines, plums, and watermelon sampled in six major U.S. markets. Yields were lowest (about 55%) for the melons, but were much higher (about 90% or above) for other fruits. Fruits were high in moisture, low in protein, fat, and energy. The estimated carbohydrate content ranged from about 8% for the melons to 17% for cherries. Vitamins A and C were present in moderate concentrations, but fruits were found to be low in vitamin B-6, folic acid, and pantothenic acid, as well as in the mineral elements.
|
['Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Fruit', 'Trace Elements', 'Vitamins']
| 3,998,345
|
[['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['D01.268.811', 'D27.505.696.494.555', 'G07.203.300.681.500.555', 'J02.500.681.500.555'], ['D27.505.696.494.600', 'G07.203.300.681.500.600', 'J02.500.681.500.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of working environment contaminated with organic solvents on the activity of acid phosphatase in lymphocytes.
|
In 108 workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents containing benzene, toluene and xylene, the activity of acid phosphatase (AP) was determined in the peripheral blood lymphocytes. A positive correlation was found between the number of lymphocytes exhibiting redistribution of AP from lysosomes into the cytoplasm and the exposure time to the solvents. The cytochemical estimation of the lymphocyte AP activity might practically be used as a screening test for the early detection of the toxic effects of exposure to the above solvents.
|
['Acid Phosphatase', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Air Pollutants', 'Air Pollutants, Occupational', 'Benzene', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Solvents', 'Toluene', 'Xylenes']
| 6,844,841
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.888.284.101'], ['D27.888.284.101.268'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.023'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.720.844'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.832'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.948']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Increasing the Morphological Stability of DNA-Templated Nanostructures with Surface Hydrophobicity.
|
DNA has been extensively used as a versatile template to assemble inorganic nanoparticles into complex architectures; thanks to its programmability, stability, and long persistence length. But the geometry of self-assembled nanostructures depends on a complex combination of attractive and repulsive forces that can override the shape of a molecular scaffold. In this report, an approach to increase the morphological stability of DNA-templated gold nanoparticle (AuNP) groupings against electrostatic interactions is demonstrated by introducing hydrophobicity on the particle surface. Using single nanostructure spectroscopy, the nanometer-scale distortions of 40 nm diameter AuNP dimers are compared with different hydrophilic, amphiphilic, neutral, and negatively charged surface chemistries, when modifying the local ionic strength. It is observed that, with most ligands, a majority of studied nanostructures deform freely from a stretched geometry to touching particles when increasing the salt concentration while hydrophobicity strongly limits the dimer distortions. Furthermore, an amphiphilic surface chemistry provides DNA-linked AuNP dimers with a high long-term stability against internal aggregation.
|
['DNA', 'Drug Stability', 'Gold', 'Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions', 'Metal Nanoparticles', 'Nanostructures', 'Nanotechnology', 'Particle Size', 'Polyethylene Glycols', 'Polymerization', 'Polymers', 'Surface Properties']
| 26,395,441
|
[['D13.444.308'], ['E05.916.330'], ['D01.268.556.322', 'D01.268.956.186', 'D01.552.544.322'], ['G02.409'], ['J01.637.512.600.500'], ['J01.637.512'], ['H01.603', 'J01.897.520.600'], ['G02.712'], ['D02.033.455.250.700', 'D05.750.741', 'D25.720.741', 'J01.637.051.720.741'], ['G02.750'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dendritic cells derived from murine colonic mucosa have unique functional and phenotypic characteristics.
|
Dendritic cells (DCs) residing in different tissues and exposed to different organisms are likely to have different reactivities to their surrounding environment. Many studies use in vitro generated DCs to examine functions of these cells, but such cells may not truly reflect the nature of DCs and their in situ activities in vivo. We have used magnetic label-based technique to isolate colonic DCs to conduct derailed characterization of these cells. Colonic DCs comprise mainly CD11b+ DCs with few CD8alpha+ DCs or plasmacytoid DCs. Functionally, isolated colonic DCs are able to endocytose and process proteins, undergo maturation, and stimulate T cells to proliferate. Importantly, expression of TLRs by colonic DCs is significantly lower than that of their spleen counterparts; however, they appear to be as, or more, responsive to stimulation by oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motif based on their cytokine production. We speculate that colonic DCs have unique reactivities differing from DCs residing in other lymphoid tissues and are adapted for the unique microenvironment of the colonic mucosa and that these cells react uniquely to their environment.
|
['Animals', 'CD11b Antigen', 'CD11c Antigen', 'Colon', 'DNA', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Female', 'Gene Expression', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred Strains', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides', 'Phenotype', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Toll-Like Receptors']
| 17,548,635
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.750', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.750', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.062', 'D23.050.301.350.074.049'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.074.875', 'D12.776.395.550.200.275.500', 'D12.776.543.550.200.093.875', 'D12.776.543.550.200.275.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.200', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.100.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.249.500', 'D23.050.301.350.074.074', 'D23.050.301.350.275.500'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['G05.297'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400'], ['D13.695.578.424.450'], ['G05.695'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.910.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of water stress on lupin stem protein analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
|
Lupinus albus plants can withstand severe drought stress and show signs of recovery 24 h after rewatering (RW). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was used to evaluate the effect of water deficit (WD) on the protein composition of the two components of the lupin stem (stele and cortex). This was performed at three distinct stress levels: an early stage, a severe WD, and early recovery. Protein characterisation was performed through mass spectrometric partial sequencing. Modifications in the protein expression were first noticed at 3 days of withholding water, when the plant water status was still unaffected but some decrease in the relative soil water content had already occurred. An increase in serine proteases, possibly associated with WD sensing, was an early alteration induced by WD. When the stress severity increased, a larger number of stem proteins were affected. Immunophilin, serine protease and cysteine protease (well-known components of animal sensing pathways) were some of these proteins. The simultaneous expression of proteases and protease inhibitors that reacted differently to the stress level and to RW was found. Although the level of protease inhibitors was significantly raised, RW did not cause de novo expression of proteins. Many amino acid sequences did not match known sequences of either protein or expressed sequence tag databases. This emphasises the largely unknown nature of stem proteins. Nevertheless, some important clues regarding the way the lupin plant copes with WD were revealed.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Plant', 'Lupinus', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Plant Proteins', 'Plant Stems', 'Water']
| 15,668,768
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.375'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.571'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.765'], ['A18.024.937'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The unfolded protein response has a protective role in yeast models of classic galactosemia.
|
Classic galactosemia is a human autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the GALT gene (GAL7 in yeast), which encodes the enzyme galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase. Here we show that the unfolded protein response pathway is triggered by galactose in two yeast models of galactosemia: lithium-treated cells and the gal7Ä mutant. The synthesis of galactose-1-phosphate is essential to trigger the unfolded protein response under these conditions because the deletion of the galactokinase-encoding gene GAL1 completely abolishes unfolded protein response activation and galactose toxicity. Impairment of the unfolded protein response in both yeast models makes cells even more sensitive to galactose, unmasking its cytotoxic effect. These results indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress is induced under galactosemic conditions and underscores the importance of the unfolded protein response pathway to cellular adaptation in these models of classic galactosemia.
|
['Alternative Splicing', 'Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Galactokinase', 'Galactose', 'Galactosemias', 'Galactosephosphates', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal', 'Glycoproteins', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors', 'Protein Folding', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Repressor Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Unfolded Protein Response']
| 24,077,966
|
[['G02.111.760.700.100', 'G03.839.700.100', 'G05.308.700.700.100'], ['D12.776.260.108', 'D12.776.930.127'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.240'], ['D09.947.875.359.377'], ['C10.228.140.163.100.320', 'C16.320.565.189.320', 'C16.320.565.202.355', 'C18.452.132.100.320', 'C18.452.648.189.320', 'C18.452.648.202.355'], ['D09.894.417.370'], ['G05.308.330'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['D08.811.682.667'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['D12.776.260.703', 'D12.776.930.780'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.962', 'G02.111.691.600.850', 'G03.734.871.790.600.850', 'G05.308.670.600.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Health-Related Quality of Life and Psychological Adjustment of Children and Adolescents with Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators: A Systematic Review.
|
The absence of cardiac symptoms, the improved exercise tolerance and the increased life expectancy are the advantages of a successful cardiac device therapy. Nevertheless, the fact of a lifelong device dependency, the inherent possibility of device malfunction and the progression of the underlying heart disease may impact the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the psychological adjustment of these individuals. To date, an overview of findings on these topics is lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate and summarize the current evidence on generic and disease-specific HRQoL and psychological adjustment in paediatric patients with a pacemaker (PM) or an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). A systematic literature search was conducted using relevant databases and predefined keywords. Study selection was conducted based on predefined inclusion criteria. Fourteen studies were selected which were of varying methodological quality. Overall, the studies indicated that PM/ICD patients themselves and their parents scored lower than healthy controls on generic HRQoL scales and reported similar disease-related HRQoL as patients with severe forms of congenital heart disease. Regarding psychological adjustment outcome, PM recipients and norms were not significantly different with respect to anxiety and depression symptoms, while ICD patients showed more signs of anxiety than depression. HRQoL and psychological health should be considered when setting therapy goals and evaluating medical treatment success. This approach allows an early intervention in patients at risk of maladaptation, which is especially important in the young patient undergoing crucial developmental stages.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anxiety', 'Child', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Depression', 'Emotional Adjustment', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pacemaker, Artificial', 'Quality of Life']
| 30,539,238
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.470.132'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F01.058.144', 'F01.752.543.500.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.305.250.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Study on surgical treatment of intractable childhood epilepsy.
|
We studied the clinical details of 14 children with intractable epilepsies, all of whom underwent epilepsy surgery before age 18 years. All 14 suffered catastrophic seizures, which were resistant to the full range of available medical treatments. The ages at operation ranged from 4 years 7 months to 17 years 2 months, with a mean of 9 years 11 months. In nine patients, the age at onset of epilepsy was less than 2 years. The seizure disorders were classified as temporal lobe epilepsy in two patients, extratemporal lobe epilepsy in 10, and symptomatic generalized epilepsy in two. Eight patients had a hemicorporeal deficit (hemiparesis or hemiplegia) preoperatively. All 14 patients showed localized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission computer tomography (SPECT) and/or positron emission tomography (PET) abnormalities, providing crucial information regarding the epileptic focus. As to the surgical outcomes, four patients became seizure-free and the other 10 showed significant improvement during a mean follow-up period of 2 years 5 months. As to etiology, cortical dysplasia was identified in seven patients. Epilepsy surgery should be considered for intractable childhood epilepsy based on individual clinical characteristics, including seizure status, cognitive development, and evidence indicating location of the seizure focus, rather than age.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Brain', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Electroencephalography', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Prognosis', 'Radiography', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,628,191
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E01.789'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Single high dose dexamethasone treatment decreases the pathological score and increases the survival rate of paraquat-intoxicated rats.
|
Dexamethasone (DEX), a synthetic corticosteroid, has been successfully used in clinical practice during paraquat (PQ) poisonings due to its anti-inflammatory activity, although, as recently observed, its effects related to de novo synthesis of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), may also strongly contribute for its healing effects. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single high dose DEX administration, which induces de novo synthesis of P-gp, in the histological and biochemical parameters in lung, liver, kidney and spleen of acute PQ-intoxicated rats. Four groups of rats were constituted: (i) control group, (ii) DEX group (100 mg/kg i.p.), (iii) PQ group (25mg/kg i.p.) and (iv) PQ+DEX group (DEX injected 2h after PQ). The obtained results showed that DEX ameliorated the biochemical and histological lung and liver alterations induced by PQ in Wistar rats at the end of 24 hours. This was evidenced by a significant reduction in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and carbonyl groups content, as well as by normalization of the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities. Moreover, DEX prevented the increase of relative lung weight. On the other hand, these improvements were not observed in kidney and spleen of DEX treated rats. Conversely, an increase of LPO and carbonyl groups content and aggravation of histological damages were observed in the latter tissues. In addition, MPO activity increased in the spleen of PQ+DEX group and urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity, a biomarker of renal tubular proximal damage, also augmented in this group. Nevertheless, it is legitimate to hypothesize that the apparent protection of high dosage DEX treatment awards to the lungs of the PQ-intoxicated animals outweighs the increased damage to their spleens and kidneys, because a higher survival rate was observed, indicating that DEX treatment may constitute an important and valuable therapeutic drug to be used against PQ-induced toxicity.
|
['Acetylglucosaminidase', 'Animals', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Dexamethasone', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Herbicides', 'Kidney', 'Lipid Peroxidation', 'Liver', 'Lung', 'Male', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Organ Size', 'Paraquat', 'Peroxidase', 'Protein Carbonylation', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Spleen']
| 16,956,706
|
[['D08.811.277.450.483.180.500'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.344', 'D04.210.500.908.238'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['A05.810.453'], ['G02.111.515', 'G03.295.531.587'], ['A03.620'], ['A04.411'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['D03.383.725.762.621'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.350', 'G02.111.691.600.350', 'G03.673.690', 'G03.734.871.790.600.350', 'G05.308.670.600.350', 'G07.775.750.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Asymmetric synthesis of (+)-altholactone: a styryllactone isolated from various Goniothalamus species.
|
The asymmetric total synthesis of (+)-altholactone (1), a member of the styryllactone family of natural products displaying cytotoxic and antitumor activities, is described. Key steps include a RAMP-hydrazone alpha-alkylation (RAMP=(R)-1-amino-2-methoxymethylpyrrolidine) of 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxan-5-one, a boron-mediated aldol reaction, a six- to five-membered ring acetonide shuffling, an oxidative 1,5-diol to delta-lactone conversion and a stereoselective ring-closure to generate the annulated tetrahydrofuran moiety with inversion of configuration.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Furans', 'Goniothalamus', 'Molecular Conformation', 'Pyrones', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 18,219,645
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['D03.383.312'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.065.812'], ['G02.111.570.820'], ['D03.383.663.718'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of chitin synthase 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. II: Both full size and processed enzymes are active for chitin synthesis.
|
When chitin synthase 2 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was overexpressed in yeast cells using GAL1 promoter, deletion of the N-terminal 193 amino acids significantly increased the level of the protein without affecting its characteristics. We partially purified N-terminally truncated chitin synthase 2 by product entrapment and ion exchange column chromatography, and found that it was active even without trypsin treatment when appropriate divalent cations were present in the reaction mixture. This chitin synthase activity was independent of the N-terminal 193 amino acid truncation, because partially purified full length enzyme also exhibited the activity without trypsin treatment in the presence of appropriate cations. Furthermore, the molecular weights of these two forms of chitin synthase 2 were coincident with those estimated from the deduced amino acid sequence, and most of the chitin synthase 2 in the yeast membrane was present as an unprocessed form, as judged from its molecular weight. Treatment of either full length or truncated enzyme with trypsin, however, further increased the enzyme activity by four to fivefold, and produced a 35 kDa polypeptide that specifically reacted with monoclonal antibody raised against the region containing the putative active site of chitin synthase 2. Thus, it appears that predominant native (unprocessed) chitin synthase 2 is active, but the 35 kDa region encompassing the active site is sufficient for the catalytic activity.
|
['Antibodies, Fungal', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cations, Divalent', 'Cell Membrane', 'Chitin', 'Chitin Synthase', 'Chymotrypsin', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Precursors', 'Gene Expression', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Molecular Weight', 'Protein Processing, Post-Translational', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Sequence Deletion', 'Trypsin']
| 8,743,566
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.179', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.179', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.179'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D01.248.497.300.333'], ['A11.284.149'], ['D05.750.078.139', 'D09.698.211'], ['D08.811.913.400.450.460.200'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.176', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.176'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D08.622', 'D12.776.811.243'], ['G05.297'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.494'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600', 'G02.111.691.600', 'G03.734.871.790.600', 'G05.308.670.600'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['G05.365.590.762', 'G05.558.800'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
One stage percutaneous transhepatic biliary stenting for malignant jaundice: a safe, quick and economical option of treatment.
|
OBJECTIVE: Patients with proximal malignant jaundices are often diagnosed in an advanced stage and need biliary decompression treatments, such as percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) and bare metal stenting (BMS), to improve the hepatic function. Whether it is better to perform those two procedures together or in a separate time, it is not well understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and cost-benefit of a combined "one-stage" PTBD/BMS procedure in patients with malignant jaundices.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-five patients with malignant jaundice treated with "one-stage" PTBD/BMS were retrospectively enrolled to evaluate technical success, complications, survival, and length of hospitalization.RESULTS: A full technical success of the procedures was reported for all patients, with only one major complication among 45 treated patients. A better performance in terms of hospitalization rate was achieved by the one-stage procedure compared to the two-stage, also resulting in global saving of costs. A high survival rate was observed at the 3rd and 6th month (97.7% and 86.6%, respectively), with a median overall survival time of 271,58 days.CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that performing PTBD/BMS as a "one-stage" procedure is useful, safe, and cost-effective with a high percentage of technical success and a similar occurrence of complications compared to the two-stage procedure.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Bile Duct Neoplasms', 'Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures', 'Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Decompression, Surgical', 'Drainage', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Jaundice, Obstructive', 'Klatskin Tumor', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Survival Rate']
| 31,539,161
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C04.588.274.120.250', 'C06.130.120.120', 'C06.130.320.120', 'C06.301.120.250'], ['E04.210.120'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.100', 'E01.370.372.207'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['E04.188'], ['E02.309', 'E04.237'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.429.500.755', 'C23.888.885.375.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.450.500'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura complicating staphylococcal endocarditis in a heroin addict.
|
A 21-year-old heroin addict with right-sided staphylococcal endocarditis developed skin purpura, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, proteinuria and microscopic hematuria. Skin biopsy showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis with IgA deposits in dermal vessels and renal biopsy disclosed proliferative glomerulonephritis with granular mesangial IgA and fibrinogen deposition. These features are typical of Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura. Symptoms abated spontaneously. Since the syndrome appeared during cloxacillin therapy, both this drug or the infectious disease itself could have triggered the immune response. Henoch-Sch?nlein purpura is a distinct clinical entity that can complicate the course of staphylococcal endocarditis.
|
['Adult', 'Cloxacillin', 'Endocarditis, Bacterial', 'Heroin Dependence', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 3,605,234
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D02.065.589.099.750.625.150', 'D02.886.108.750.625.150', 'D03.633.100.300.750.625.150'], ['C01.150.252.245', 'C01.190.249', 'C14.260.249', 'C14.280.282.407'], ['C25.775.643.500.400', 'F03.900.647.500.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.940.777', 'C15.378.100.802.375', 'C15.378.463.515.580', 'C20.543.520.600', 'C23.550.414.950.375', 'C23.888.885.687.375'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Trans-sternal titanium fixation bars: an initial experience with 28 patients.
|
A clinical experience is described with the use of titanium trans-sternal fixation bars to achieve either primary or secondary sternal closure and stability using the principle of rigid fixation in high-risk and wound salvage sternotomy patients. The purpose of rigid fixation in those situations is not only to achieve rapid strong bone healing, but to improve respiratory function by restoring compliance and thoracic support for the lungs, especially in patients with severe pulmonary compromise. The system may be difficult and expensive to apply, but the positive results in most if not all the initial 28 patients appear to justify its use. Our earlier article (Schulman NH, Subramanian V. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2004;114:44) categorized the wounds, and by use of an outlined algorithm, it outlined the desired treatment. This report deals primarily with the use and purpose of rigid fixation of sternotomy wounds.
|
['Adult', 'Humans', 'Internal Fixators', 'Middle Aged', 'Sternotomy', 'Surgical Wound Dehiscence', 'Surgical Wound Infection', 'Titanium', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Wound Closure Techniques']
| 22,722,643
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.370', 'E07.858.442.660.460', 'E07.858.690.725.460'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.928.710'], ['C23.550.767.887'], ['C01.947.692', 'C23.550.767.925'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E04.987']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Bimatoprost in the treatment of ocular hypertension and chronic glaucoma].
|
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of bimatoprost in an outpatient glaucoma practice and to correlate the responsiveness to this treatment with the central corneal thickness.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our retrospective analysis included 55 consecutive patients (mean age, 66 years). Bimatoprost was administered in monotherapy in 32 patients and in combined treatment in 23. Mean follow-up was 5.5 months. In bilateral treatments (33/55 patients), only one eye (with the more severe defect and/or the higher IOP) was included in the analysis. The patients were considered as responders to bimatoprost when the observed reduction of IOP was > or = 20% and/or at least 3 mmHg compared with the pretreatment IOP. The mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was extrapolated from five consecutive measurements with the ultrasonic pachymeter Pachette.RESULTS: Overall, the mean IOP was reduced from a pretreatment value of 21.1 mmHg to 17.3 mmHg at the last visit (mean IOP decrease, 3.6 mmHg, or 17%) (p < 0.05). Except for four patients (7.3%) who discontinued bimatoprost secondary to local or systemic adverse effects, ocular tolerance of bimatoprost was excellent in 62%. Moderate conjunctival hyperemia was present in 18%. The mean IOP reduction was 19% in monotherapy and 15% in combined treatments. Concomitantly, the percentage of responders was slightly higher in patients only receiving bimatoprost than in patients receiving bimatoprost associated with other medication (s). In monotherapy, bimatoprost induced a further IOP decrease of 12% compared with a previous association of two medications that did not include a prostaglandin (10 patients). In the 20 patients in whom bimatoprost had replaced another prostaglandin, a further mean IOP reduction of 11% was observed. The frequency of distribution of the responders to bimatoprost was not correlated with CCT (chi2, p > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limits of this study, our results suggested that bimatoprost was effective and well tolerated in most patients. The decrease in IOP and responsiveness to treatment appeared to be slightly higher in monotherapy than in combined treatments, equivalent to a combination of two medications without prostaglandin and equivalent to or slightly higher than other prostaglandins. The degree of responsiveness did not seem to be correlated with CCT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenergic beta-Antagonists', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Amides', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Antihypertensive Agents', 'Bimatoprost', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Cloprostenol', 'Cornea', 'Corneal Topography', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glaucoma, Open-Angle', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Lipids', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ocular Hypertension', 'Prostaglandins', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Time Factors']
| 15,883,493
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.519.625.050.200.200', 'D27.505.696.577.050.200.200'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D02.065'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['D27.505.954.411.162'], ['D02.065.141', 'D10.251.355.255.550.775.500.175.250', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.500.175.250', 'D23.469.700.670.175.250'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.775.500.175', 'D23.469.050.175.725.775.500.175', 'D23.469.700.670.175'], ['A09.371.060.217'], ['E01.370.380.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C11.525.381.407'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['D10'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.525'], ['D10.251.355.255.550', 'D23.469.050.175.725'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Ex situ preparation of left split-liver grafts with left vascular pedicle only: is it safe? A comparative single-center study.
|
The procurement of left-lateral-segment grafts from living donors for transplantation in children is performed by retaining only the left branches of the artery and veins. New techniques and the implementation of microsurgery in the transplant operation made this procedure a successful approach. However, controversy persists about using such an approach for division of liver grafts from cadaveric donors, and many teams prefer retaining the main arterial trunk with the left split graft, with or without the main portal vein trunk. Since 1998, in our center, when a donor-liver graft is divided we prefer retaining the main vessels with the right split graft if graft vascular anatomy is favorable. After 1998, 40 liver grafts from cadaveric donors were divided, and all divisions were performed ex situ. This experience was retrospectively reviewed to compare the outcome of left split grafts prepared for implantation with the left vasculature only (group A), or with the main arterial supply (group B). A single vascular complication occurred (one hepatic artery thrombosis in group B). Three patients died (one in group A and two in group B) and three other grafts were lost (one in group A and two in group B). One-year and 3-year graft survival rates were 94% and 86% in group A, and 83% and 83% in group B, respectively (not significantly [NS] different). We conclude that left split grafts can be safely transplanted with the left vascular supply only, provided that division is guided by careful anatomical evaluation and that vascular reconstructions are adequate.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Graft Survival', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Middle Aged']
| 12,451,236
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G12.875.545.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A longitudinal laser fluorescence study of white spot lesions in orthodontic patients.
|
Orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances increases the caries risk in young persons. The aim of this study was to apply a new caries diagnostic method, quantitative laser fluorescence, for longitudinal in vivo quantification of changes in incipient enamel lesions related to fixed orthodontic appliances. Seven young patients with active caries lesions disclosed at removal of the orthodontic brackets and bands were enrolled in the study. Caries preventive measures were intensified, including dietary advice, oral hygiene instructions, and the regular use of a fluoride dentifrice. The caries lesions were monitored with the quantitative laser fluorescence method after removal of the brackets and once a month thereafter. For each lesion, three quantities were measured: lesion area (mm2), mean fluorescence loss (%) over the lesion, and maximum loss of fluorescence (%) in the lesion. During a 1-year follow-up period, the areas of the lesions decreased and the enamel fluorescence lost was partly regained indicating that a remineralization process had occurred. It was concluded that quantitative laser fluorescence seems suitable for in vivo monitoring of mineral changes in incipient enamel lesions, and useful for the evaluation of preventive measures in caries prone persons, such as orthodontic patients.
|
['Adolescent', 'Cariostatic Agents', 'Counseling', 'Dental Caries', 'Dental Caries Susceptibility', 'Dental Enamel', 'Dentifrices', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Fluorescence', 'Fluorides', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Lasers', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Oral Hygiene', 'Orthodontic Brackets', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Risk Factors', 'Tooth Demineralization', 'Tooth Remineralization']
| 9,637,561
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D25.223', 'D27.505.696.706.222', 'D27.720.102.223', 'D27.720.799.113', 'J01.637.051.223'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['C07.793.720.210'], ['G10.549.140'], ['A14.549.167.900.255'], ['D25.376', 'D27.720.269.380', 'J01.637.051.376'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.380', 'D01.303.350.300'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['E02.547.600', 'E06.761.726'], ['E06.658.453.255.500'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C07.793.720'], ['E06.950']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Identification of resected root-end dentinal cracks: a comparative study of visual magnification.
|
The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of visual enhancements as aids in identifying artificially created dentinal cracks in resected root ends. Fifty human maxillary central incisors were decoronated, and the root canals were instrumented to ISO size 50 at the working length. The apical 3 mm of the roots were resected, and cracks were artificially created in the apical dentin with an average load of 5.6 kg using a cylindrical wedge in a miniature drill press. A video microscope at x65 magnification was used to observe the cracks as they developed. Four independent examiners evaluated the root specimens using unaided/corrected vision (group 1), loupes at x3.3 magnification (group 2), a surgical operating microscope at x10 magnification (group 3), and the Orascope at x35 magnification (group 4). The examiners' proficiency at correctly identifying root ends with and without cracks was evaluated. The data were compared to the predetermined standard (27 cracked, 23 not cracked) with a one-tailed Fisher's exact test (alpha = 0.05). Statistically, the Orascope (p = 0.02) was significantly superior, whereas using unaided/corrected vision (p = 0.99), loupes (p = 0.88), or the microscope (p = 0.14) was not significantly better than guessing. The accuracy of correct identification for unaided/ corrected vision, loupes, the microscope, and the Orascope was 39%, 45%, 53%, and 58%, respectively. A two-way analysis of variance of the accuracy of crack identification showed a significant difference among the four visualization techniques (p = 0.0007) and also among the four evaluators (p = 0.006).
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Dentin', 'Endoscopes', 'Humans', 'Incisor', 'Lenses', 'Microscopy', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Root Canal Preparation', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tooth Apex', 'Tooth Fractures', 'Vision, Ocular']
| 12,929,699
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['A14.549.167.900.280'], ['E07.230.220', 'E07.858.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['E07.632.500'], ['E01.370.350.515', 'E05.595', 'H01.671.617.562'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E06.397.778.889', 'E06.931.625'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['A14.549.167.900.750.700'], ['C07.793.850.750', 'C26.900.750'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Loss of TRIM29 Alters Keratin Distribution to Promote Cell Invasion in Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
|
: TRIM29 (tripartite motif-containing protein 29) is a TRIM family protein that has been implicated in breast, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. However, its role in stratified squamous epithelial cells and tumors has not been elucidated. Here, we investigate the expression of TRIM29 in cutaneous head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) and its functions in the tumorigenesis of such cancers. TRIM29 expression was lower in malignant SCC lesions than in adjacent normal epithelial tissue or benign tumors. Lower expression of TRIM29 was associated with higher SCC invasiveness. Primary tumors of cutaneous SCC showed aberrant hypermethylation of TRIM29. Depletion of TRIM29 increased cancer cell migration and invasion; conversely, overexpression of TRIM29 suppressed these. Comprehensive proteomics and immunoprecipitation analyses identified keratins and keratin-interacting protein FAM83H as TRIM29 interactors. Knockdown of TRIM29 led to ectopic keratin localization of keratinocytes. In primary tumors, lower TRIM29 expression correlated with the altered expression of keratins. Our findings reveal an unexpected role for TRIM29 in regulating the distribution of keratins, as well as in the migration and invasion of SCC. They also suggest that the TRIM29-keratin axis could serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in stratified epithelial tumors and may provide a target for SCC therapeutics. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings identify TRIM29 as a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker in stratified epithelial tissues.
|
['Animals', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Carcinogenesis', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'DNA Methylation', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Head and Neck Neoplasms', 'Humans', 'Keratinocytes', 'Keratins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Prognosis', 'Proteins', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Transcription Factors']
| 30,389,700
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.101.140'], ['C04.697.098', 'C23.550.727.098'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['D12.776.260'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C04.588.443'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.409.500', 'A11.436.397'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['E05.624'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.776'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prenatal diagnosis of methotrexate embryopathy.
|
BACKGROUND: Methotrexate is an antineoplastic agent used by obstetrician-gynecologists for termination of early pregnancy. The drug is not always successful and is associated with a known array of malformations.CASE: We present a case of a failed pregnancy termination with methotrexate, which resulted in fetal anomalies. Ultrasound revealed absent or markedly shortened long bones, abnormal positioning of the hands, micrognathia, echogenic bowel, and a two-vessel umbilical cord. The patient elected to undergo pregnancy termination, and the ultrasound findings were confirmed at autopsy.CONCLUSION: Because of methotrexate's teratogenic potential, follow-up to confirm successful termination is necessary. Ultrasound evaluation of the fetus is indicated if pregnancy termination is unsuccessful.
|
['Abnormalities, Drug-Induced', 'Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal', 'Abortion, Induced', 'Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Methotrexate', 'Pregnancy', 'Treatment Failure', 'Ultrasonography, Prenatal']
| 12,738,117
|
[['C16.131.042'], ['D27.505.696.875.131.100', 'D27.505.954.705.131.100'], ['E04.520.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.800.760', 'N04.761.559.590.800.760', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.760'], ['E01.370.350.850.865', 'E01.370.378.630.865']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Investigation of heavy metal pollution in eastern Aegean Sea coastal waters by using Cystoseira barbata, Patella caerulea, and Liza aurata as biological indicators.
|
In order to have an extensive contamination profile of heavy metal levels (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn), seawater, sediment, Patella caerulea, Cystoseira barbata, and Liza aurata were investigated by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Samples were collected from five coastal stations along the eastern Aegean Sea coast (Turkey) on a monthly basis from July 2002 through May 2003. According to the results of this study, heavy metal levels were arranged in the following sequence: Fe > Pb > Zn > Mn > Ni > Cu > Cd for water, Fe > Cu > Mn > Ni > Zn > Pb > Cd for sediment, Fe > Zn > Mn > Pb > Ni > Cd > Cu for C. barbata, Fe > Zn > Mn > Ni > Pb > Cu > Cd for P. caerulea, and Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Ni > Pb > Cd for L. aurata. Moreover, positive relationships between Fe in water and Mn in water, Fe in sediment and Mn in sediment, Fe in C. barbata and Mn in C. barbata, Fe in P. caerulea and Mn in P. caerulea, and Fe in L. aurata and Mn in L. aurata may suggest that these metals could be originated from the same anthropogenic source. C. barbata represented with higher bioconcentration factor (BCF) values, especially for Fe, Mn, and Zn values. This observation may support that C. barbata can be used as an indicator species for the determinations of Fe, Mn, and Zn levels. Regarding Turkish Food Codex Regulation's residue limits, metal values in L. aurata were found to be lower than the maximum permissible levels issued by Turkish legislation and also the recommended limits set by FAO/WHO guidelines. The results of the investigation indicated that P. caerulea, L. aurata, and especially C. barbata are quantitative water-quality bioindicators and biomonitoring subjects for biologically available metal accumulation for Aegean Sea coastal waters.
|
['Animals', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Fishes', 'Gastropoda', 'Metals, Heavy', 'Phaeophyta', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 28,105,592
|
[['B01.050'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['B01.050.500.644.400'], ['D01.268.556', 'D01.552.544'], ['B01.750.600'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Metabolic syndrome and mortality in the elderly: a time-dependent association.
|
AIMS: To evaluate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and mortality over time.METHODS: 3086 residents aged ?49 years were followed in the Blue Mountains Eye Study, Australia. MetS components as defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria were measured at baseline (1992-1994), 5-year (1997-1999) and 10-year (2002-2004). Using Cox proportional hazards and competing risks models with MetS as a time-dependent covariate, we estimated the effects of MetS on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Time-dependent receiver-operating-characteristic curve, integrated-discrimination-improvement and net-reclassification-improvement tests assessed predicting abilities of individual and combined MetS components.RESULTS: Effect of MetS on mortality increased with time: all cause: 2-year: adjusted hazard ratio 0.96 [95% confidence interval 0.69-1.34]; 5-year: 1.06 [0.84-1.32]; 10-year: 1.23 [1.01-1.51]; and CHD: 2-year: 0.46 [0.20-1.03]; 5-year: 0.70 [0.41-1.21]; 10-year: 1.62 [1.02-2.59]. Conversely, MetS was associated with an increased risk of cancer death at 2-year only: 1.62 [1.01-2.62]; but not 5-year: 1.30 [0.94-1.81] or 10-year: 0.90 [0.57-1.44]. The discrimination analyses showed that different MetS components were associated with different causes of death.CONCLUSIONS: The long-term effect of MetS on all-cause and CHD mortality in an older population was detected using time-dependent models while simulating the real scenarios of MetS changes over time.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metabolic Syndrome', 'Middle Aged', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Risk Factors']
| 23,206,672
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500.570', 'C18.452.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Object correspondence: Using perceived causality to infer how the visual system knows what went where.
|
Anne Treisman and colleagues developed an influential theoretical framework surrounding the construct of "object files" as a means of understanding the functional need for an episodic representation of objects as they move, change, disappear, and reappear from view (Kahneman, Treisman, & Gibbs, Cognitive Psychology, 24, 175-219, 1992; Treisman, The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 40, 201-237, 1988). Within that framework, object files are defined through the process of object correspondence, whereby stimuli are associated with and represented as later instantiations of existing object representations and are used to selectively update those representations. A central assertion of the object file framework is that object correspondence is established on the basis of spatiotemporal continuity, without regard to feature information. We tested this assertion by investigating whether feature information, separate from spatiotemporal information, can determine how object correspondence is resolved. We used the perception of causality in simple dynamic displays, which provides a means of inferring how object correspondence is resolved. We found that, contrary to the spatiotemporal dominance assertion, feature information is used to resolve object correspondence. We suggest that the object-file framework be extended to reflect the importance of both feature and spatiotemporal information in establishing and maintaining episodic object representations.
|
['Humans', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Psychological Theory']
| 31,214,971
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['F02.739']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An observational registry on efficacy and safety of the right ventricular outflow tract as a site for ICD leads: results of the EFFORT (EFFicacy Of Right ventricular outflow Tract as site for ICD leads) registry.
|
BACKGROUND: Although pacing from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) has been shown to be safe and feasible in terms of sensing and pacing thresholds, its use as a site for implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) leads is not common. This is probably due to physicians' concerns about defibrillation efficacy. To date, only one randomized trial, involving 87 enrolled patients, has evaluated this issue.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this observational study has been to compare safety (primary combined end point: efficacy of a 14-J shock in restoring sinus rhythm, R wave amplitude >4 mV and pacing threshold <1 V at 0.5 ms) and efficacy (in terms of effectiveness of a 14-J shock in restoring sinus rhythm after induction of VF, secondary end point) of two different sites for ICD lead positioning: RVOT and right ventricular apex (RVA).METHODS: The study involved 185 patients (153 males; aged 67 ± 10 years; range, 28-82 years). Site of implant was left to physician's decision. After implant, VF was induced with a 1-J shock over the T wave or--if this method was ineffective--with a 50-Hz burst, and a 14-J shock was tested in order to restore sinus rhythm. If this energy was ineffective, a second shock at 21 J was administered and--eventually--a 31-J shock followed--in case of inefficacy--by a 360-J biphasic external DC shock. Sensing and pacing thresholds were recorded in the database at implant, together with acute (within 3 days of implant) dislodgement rate.RESULTS: The combined primary end point was reached in 57 patients in the RVOT group (0.70%) and in 81 patients in the RVA group (0.79%). The 14-J shock was effective in 159 patients, 63 in the RVOT group (77%) and 86 in the RVA group (83%). Both the primary and the secondary end points are not statistically different. R wave amplitude was significantly lower in the RVOT group (10.9 ± 5.2 mV vs. 15.6 ± 6.4 mV, p < 0.0001), and pacing threshold at 0.5 ms was significantly higher (0.64 ± 0.25 V vs. 0.52 ± 0.20 V, p < 0.01), but these differences do not seem to have a clinical meaning, given that the lower values are well above the accepted limits in clinical practice.CONCLUSIONS: Efficacy and safety of ICD lead positioning in RVOT is comparable to RVA. Even if we observed statistically significant differences in sensing and pacing threshold, the clinical meaning of these differences is--in our opinion--irrelevant.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cardiac Pacing, Artificial', 'Cardiomyopathies', 'Defibrillators, Implantable', 'Electric Countershock', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Heart Ventricles', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies', 'Registries', 'Ventricular Function, Right']
| 20,577,792
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.331.200'], ['C14.280.238'], ['E07.305.250.159.175', 'E07.305.250.319.175', 'E07.695.202.175'], ['E02.331.350'], ['E05.320'], ['A07.541.560'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['G09.330.955.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Consumers' increasing influence on health care.
|
The individual consumer's new predominance in the health care marketplace is increasingly influencing policy, strategy, operations, and investment decisions of health care organizations within all segments of the industry. A recent survey has some surprising things to say about the consumer's increasingly influential role.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Community Participation', 'Consumer Behavior', 'Health Care Sector', 'Health Care Surveys', 'Humans', 'United States']
| 10,181,303
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['N02.421.143.212', 'N03.540.245.360'], ['F01.145.236'], ['J01.576.489', 'N03.219.650'], ['E05.318.308.980.344', 'N03.349.380.210', 'N05.425.210', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
[Are diurnal and nocturnal intraocular pressure measurements over 48 h justified?].
|
PURPOSE: Diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements are recommended in cases of visual field deterioration in glaucoma patients. In this study the rationale of 24 h versus 48 h IOP measurements was investigated.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Mean IOP and maximum IOP values were obtained in 80 patients over a period of 48 h. The IOP measurements (Goldmann tonometry) of day 1 and 2 (taken every 4 h) were compared. To reduce interindividual and intraindividual differences of measurements the statistical calculation took a tolerance level of ± 2 mmHg and ± 1 mmHg into account.RESULTS: Maximum IOP measurements were found to differ between 37.5 % and 65.0% respectively for right eyes and 28.8 % and 47.5% respectively for left eyes depending on the measurement tolerance (±2 mmHg or ±1 mmHg) between day 1 and day 2. Mean IOP values were found to differ by 25 % and 51.3 % respectively for right eyes and 26.3 % and 46.3% respectively for left eyes (± 2 or ± 1 mmHg in) between day 1 and day 2. A time-related clustering of extreme deviations could not be found but the maximum values from all patients were found to be roughly equally distributed over daytime and nighttime hours.CONCLUSIONS: Both maximum IOP and mean IOP measurements were found to differ by at least ± 2 or ± 1 mmHg between day 1 and 2 at a significant percentage and the maximum values did not peak at a predictable time point during the 48 h. Therefore, 48 h IOP measurements appear to be more reliable than 24 h measurements.
|
['Aged', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Female', 'Glaucoma', 'Humans', 'Intraocular Pressure', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Ocular Hypertension', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tonometry, Ocular']
| 23,354,356
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['C11.525.381'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G14.440'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.525'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.380.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines as multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antiangiogenic agents.
|
Direct and indirect involvement of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in tumor growth and metastasis makes them ideal targets for anticancer therapy. A paradigm shift from inhibition of single RTK to inhibition of multiple RTKs has been recently demonstrated. We designed and synthesized eight N(4)-phenylsubstituted-6-(2-phenylethylsubstituted)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diamines as homologated series of our previously published RTK inhibitors. We reasoned that increased flexibility of the side chain, which determines potency and selectivity, would improve the spectrum of RTK inhibition. These compounds were synthesized using a bis-electrophilic cyclization to afford substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines followed by chlorination and substitution at the 4-position with various anilines. Five additional compounds of this series were previously reported by Gangjee et al.(1) with activities against IGFR only. Their synthesis, characterization and biological activities against a variety of other RTKs are reported in this study for the first time. The biological evaluation, in whole cell assays, showed several analogs had remarkable inhibitory activity against epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1), platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta (PDGFR-beta), the growth of A431 cells in culture, and in the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) angiogenesis assay. The inhibitory data against the RTKs in this study demonstrate that variation of the 6-ethylaryl substituents as well as the N(4)-phenyl substituents of these analogs does indeed control both the potency and specificity of inhibitory activity against RTKs. In addition, homologation of the chain length of the 6-substituent from a methylene to an ethyl increases the spectrum of RTK inhibition. New multi-RTK inhibitors (8, 12) and potent inhibitors of angiogenesis (15, 19) were identified with the best compound, N(4)-(3-trifluromethylphenyl)-6-(2-phenylethyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine (15), with an IC(50) value of 30nM in the CAM angiogenesis inhibition assay.
|
['Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Animals', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Chick Embryo', 'Chorioallantoic Membrane', 'Drug Design', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'ErbB Receptors', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Structure', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Pyrimidines', 'Pyrroles', 'Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases', 'Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1']
| 18,467,105
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['A10.615.284.375', 'A13.350.575', 'A16.331.400'], ['E05.290.500', 'H01.158.703.007.338.500', 'H01.181.466.338.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D03.383.742'], ['D03.383.129.578'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.900.750', 'D12.776.543.750.630.625.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.630.400'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.950.100', 'D12.776.543.750.630.750.100', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.910.100']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Toxicological study of Semecarpus anacardium nut extract.
|
Toxicological study was carried out in rats with chloroform-soluble fraction of the nuts of Semecarpus anacardium to determine its safe non-toxic dose. The fraction produced toxicity at all levels tested (50-400 mg/kg) but the extent of toxicity was found dose-dependent. At lower doses this fraction induced partial growth inhibition over 36 days and higher doses proved fatal within 6 days. It was observed that 230 mg/kg caused 50% mortality in rats and this value is 1380 mg/m2 when expressed for body surface area. This work will be of some use in the cancer chemotherapy study of the fraction.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Body Weight', 'Lethal Dose 50', 'Male', 'Nuts', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal', 'Rats', 'Time Factors']
| 489,092
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The reinforcing efficacy of alcohol mediates associations between impulsivity and negative drinking outcomes.
|
OBJECTIVE: One predictor of negative drinking outcomes in college populations is impulsivity. Individual differences in the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol, which reflects willingness to drink despite potential costs, may serve as a mechanism by which impulsivity is associated with alcohol-related problems. The purpose of this study was to determine whether two measures of the reinforcing efficacy of alcohol-demand intensity (consumption when drinks are free) and Omax (maximum expenditure on alcohol)-statistically mediated the associations between four facets of impulsivity and negative drinking outcomes.METHOD: We gave 202 undergraduate social drinkers a hypothetical task in which they indicated how many drinks they would consume across a range of prices. They also completed measures of impulsivity, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems.RESULTS: Path models revealed that two facets of impulsivity-sensation seeking and urgency-were associated with higher reinforcing efficacy and worse alcohol problems. Moreover, the associations between both of these impulsivity facets and alcohol-related problems were sequentially mediated by reinforcing efficacy and alcohol use.CONCLUSIONS: Individuals who respond impulsively to negative emotions or have sensation-seeking tendencies may exhibit greater willingness to consume and purchase alcohol. As a result, they may in fact drink more, leading to worse drinking-related problems. These findings suggest a need for more research into the mechanisms of interventions that successfully reduce problem drinking. They also indicate that more study is needed on whether decreasing the availability of low-cost alcohol reduces alcohol-related problems in impulsive individuals.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Alcohol-Related Disorders', 'Alcoholic Beverages', 'Commerce', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Male', 'Reinforcement, Psychology', 'Students', 'Universities', 'Young Adult']
| 23,490,580
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C25.775.100', 'F03.900.100'], ['G07.203.100.100', 'J02.200.100'], ['J01.219'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['F02.463.425.770'], ['M01.848'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Feasibility and Impact of a Multicomponent Exercise Intervention in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Pilot Study.
|
This quasi-experimental, nonrandomized study examined the feasibility and impact of a multicomponent (MT) intervention on 7 community-dwelling individuals diagnosed with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) at mild to moderate stage. During 6 months, patients with AD and their caregivers were submitted to a biweekly exercise program, including muscle strengthening, aerobics, balance, and postural exercises. The following tests were used: Senior Fitness Test and Incremental Treadmill Test, Disability Assessment for Dementia Scale, Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive, and Quality of Life-Alzheimer's. Attendance and retention mean rates were high (86% and 78%, respectively). No adverse events occurred. Results revealed a significant beneficial effect on cardiorespiratory fitness ( P = .028), upper ( P = .018) and lower ( P = .026) body muscle strength, agility ( P = .018), and ability to perform daily activities ( P = .018). Data suggest that a biweekly MT intervention is feasible to conduct in patients with AD. Findings also suggest a potential positive effect on mitigating cognitive decline and in positively influencing quality of life.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Cardiorespiratory Fitness', 'Caregivers', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Strength', 'Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care']
| 30,525,876
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['G11.427.685.500', 'I03.450.642.845.054.300', 'I03.450.642.845.054.800.500', 'N01.400.150', 'N01.400.545.500'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.600.425', 'G11.427.560'], ['N04.761.559', 'N05.715.360.575']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alcohol consumption, masculinity, and alcohol-related violence and anti-social behaviour in sportspeople.
|
OBJECTIVES: There is no research examining alcohol-related aggression and anti-social behaviour in UK or European sportspeople (athletes), and no research has examined relationships between masculinity, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related aggression and antisocial behaviour in sportspeople (athletes). This study addresses this gap.DESIGN: Cross-sectional.METHODS: A sample (N=2048; women=892, 44%) of in season sportspeople enrolled at UK universities (response 83%), completed measures of masculinity, alcohol consumption, within-sport (on-field) violence, and having been the perpetrator and/or victim of alcohol-related violent/aggressive and antisocial behaviour (e.g., hit/assaulted, vandalism, sexual assault). Logistic regressions examined predictors of alcohol-related violence/aggression and anti-social behaviours.RESULTS: Significant bivariate relationships between masculinity, within-sport violence, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related aggression and anti-social behaviour were found for both men and women (p's<.001). Logistic regression adjusting for all variables showed that higher levels of masculinity and alcohol consumption in men and women were related to an increased odds of having conducted an aggressive, violent and/or anti-social act in the past 12 months when intoxicated. Odds ratios were largest for relationships between masculinity, alcohol consumption, within-sport violence, and interpersonal violence/aggression (p's<.001). A similar pattern of results was found for having been the victim of aggression and anti-social behaviour.CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol-related aggression and anti-social behaviour appear to be problematic in UK university sportspeople, and is related to masculinity and excessive drinking. Interventions that reduce excessive alcohol consumption, masculine norms and associated within-sport violence, could be effective in reducing alcohol-related aggression and antisocial behaviour in UK sportspeople.
|
['Aggression', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Athletes', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Masculinity', 'United Kingdom', 'Universities', 'Violence', 'Young Adult']
| 29,338,922
|
[['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['M01.072'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.813.376', 'F01.393.446.250.750', 'F01.752.747.385.200.750'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830'], ['I01.198.240.856', 'I01.880.735.900'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Annual injection of vitamin D and fractures of aged bones.
|
In order to investigate the effect of a supplementation of vitamin D in the prophylaxis of fractures of the bones of aged people, an annual intramuscular injection of ergocalciferol (150,000-300,000 IU) was given to two series of aged subjects: first to 199 (45 male) of 479 subjects (110 male) aged more than 85 years who were living in their own home, and second to 142 (29 male) of 320 (58 male) subjects aged 75-84 and living in a home for aged people. This prospective series was divided into treatment groups according to month of birth. These injections were given annually from September to December in the years 1985-1989, two to five times to each participant. The fracture rates, laboratory values, vitamin D levels, possible side effects, and mortality were followed until October 1990. A total of 56 fractures occurred in the 341 vitamin D recipients (16.4%) and 100 in 458 controls (21.8%) (P = 0.034). The fracture rate was about the same in both outpatient and municipal home series. Fractures of the upper limb were fewer in the vitamin D recipients, 10/341 = 2.9% (P = 0.025), than in the controls, 28/458 = 6.1%, during the follow-up. A similar result was obtained in fractures of ribs, 3/341 = 0.9% and 12/458 = 2.6%, respectively. Fractures of the lower limbs occurred almost as frequently, 31/341 = 9.1%, among the vitamin D recipients as among the controls, 49/458 = 10.7%. The fracture rate was higher in females (22.2%) than in males (9.5%). The fractures were fewer in the vitamin D recipients only in females.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Aged', 'Aging', 'Ergocalciferols', 'Female', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal', 'Prospective Studies', 'Sex Factors']
| 1,422,948
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.474', 'D04.210.500.247.808.412', 'D04.210.500.812.768.462', 'D10.570.938.439'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C05.116.198.579.610', 'C18.452.104.579.610'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phase I clinical trial of an injectable contraceptive for the male.
|
Earlier studies on the rat and the monkey had demonstrated that an injection of styrene maleic anhydride (SMA) in a solvent vehicle of dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) into the lumen of the vas deferens is toxicologically safe and has contraceptive action. Phase I clinical trial was therefore undertaken on 38 male volunteers giving varying doses of SMA, ranging between 5 mg and 140 mg, into each vas deferens. A dose of 70 mg is the predicted therapeutic dose based on animal data. That the compound is within the vas deferens lumen during the period of the safety assessment is inferred from the effect on the spermatozoa count in ejaculates which reach azoospermic levels in the higher dose ranges. The treatment is well tolerated with only minimal side effects in a few cases and no long-term adverse effects.
|
['Adult', 'Contraceptive Agents, Male', 'Dimethyl Sulfoxide', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Male', 'Sperm Count', 'Styrenes', 'Vas Deferens']
| 8,222,664
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.443', 'D27.505.954.705.360.443'], ['D02.886.640.150'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.870', 'E01.370.225.992.624', 'E05.200.500.195.870', 'E05.200.992.624', 'E05.242.195.870', 'G04.140.870'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.750'], ['A05.360.444.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Entamoeba histolytica modulates TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha/beta and c-fos gene expression in macrophages.
|
E. histolytica infections induce a state of transient suppression of cell-mediated immunity. As macrophages are involved in host defense in amebiasis, we determined whether soluble amebic lysates (Eh) can modulate TNF-alpha, IL-1 alpha/beta and c-fos gene expression in naive bone marrow-derived macrophages (BM delta). By Northern analysis, the RNA production of these genes after 0, 0.5, 1 and 3 h exposure to Eh was determined and compared to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. In response to Eh, TNF-alpha mRNA was increased two fold while IL-1 alpha/beta RNA levels were increased 6- and 19-fold, respectively. Pretreatment of BM delta with H7, a PKC inhibitor, abrogated Eh induced TNF-delta gene expression and reduced IL-1 alpha/beta gene expression 3.5- to 4-fold over control levels. We conclude that E. histolytica stimulates BM delta to induce TNF-alpha gene expression through a PKC-dependent pathway and IL-1 alpha/beta gene expression partially through PKC and another yet undetermined pathway(s).
|
['Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Cell Extracts', 'Entamoeba histolytica', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, fos', 'Interleukin-1', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Macrophages', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 1,340,279
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['D20.777.162'], ['B01.046.500.100.700.335.330'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.375.500.791.330'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['G12.287.500'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.776.260.108.765', 'D12.776.624.664.700.179', 'D12.776.660.760', 'D12.776.930.127.765'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Changes in pulmonary blood flow during gaseous and partial liquid ventilation in experimental acute lung injury.
|
BACKGROUND: It has been proposed that partial liquid ventilation (PLV) causes a compression of the pulmonary vasculature by the dense perfluorocarbons and a subsequent redistribution of pulmonary blood flow from dorsal to better-ventilated middle and ventral lung regions, thereby improving arterial oxygenation in situations of acute lung injury.METHODS: After induction of acute lung injury by repeated lung lavage with saline, 20 pigs were randomly assigned to partial liquid ventilation with two sequential doses of 15 ml/kg perfluorocarbon (PLV group, n = 10) or to continued gaseous ventilation (GV group, n = 10). Single-photon emission computed tomography was used to study regional pulmonary blood flow. Gas exchange, hemodynamics, and pulmonary blood flow were determined in both groups before and after the induction of acute lung injury and at corresponding time points 1 and 2 h after each instillation of perfluorocarbon in the PLV group.RESULTS: During partial liquid ventilation, there were no changes in pulmonary blood flow distribution when compared with values obtained after induction of acute lung injury in the PLV group or to the animals submitted to gaseous ventilation. Arterial oxygenation improved significantly in the PLV group after instillation of the second dose of perfluorocarbon.CONCLUSIONS: In the surfactant washout animal model of acute lung injury, redistribution of pulmonary blood flow does not seem to be a major factor for the observed increase of arterial oxygen tension during partial liquid ventilation.
|
['Animals', 'Fluorocarbons', 'Hemodynamics', 'Liquid Ventilation', 'Lung', 'Lung Injury', 'Models, Animal', 'Pulmonary Circulation', 'Pulmonary Gas Exchange', 'Respiratory Distress Syndrome', 'Swine', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon']
| 11,149,439
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.455.526.510.435'], ['G09.330.380'], ['E02.041.625.525', 'E02.880.820.525'], ['A04.411'], ['C08.381.520', 'C26.891.554'], ['E05.598'], ['G09.330.100.770', 'G09.772.593'], ['E01.370.386.700.650', 'G03.143.775.602', 'G09.772.705.760.602'], ['C08.381.840', 'C08.618.840'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biodegradation of propargite by Pseudomonas putida, isolated from tea rhizosphere.
|
Biodegradation of miticide propargite was carried out in vitro by selected Pseudomonas strains isolated from tea rhizosphere. A total number of 13 strains were isolated and further screened based on their tolerance level to different concentrations of propargite. Five best strains were selected and further tested for their nutritional requirements. Among the different carbon sources tested glucose exhibited the highest growth promoting capacity and among nitrogen sources ammonium nitrate supported the growth to the maximum. The five selected Pseudomonas strain exhibited a range of degradation capabilities. Mineral salts medium (MSM) amended with glucose provided better environment for degradation with the highest degradation potential in strain SPR 13 followed by SPR 8 (71.9% and 69.0% respectively).
|
['Culture Media', 'Cyclohexanes', 'Pseudomonas putida', 'Tea']
| 19,892,461
|
[['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.675', 'B03.660.250.580.590.580'], ['D20.215.784.844', 'G07.203.100.831', 'J02.200.831']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Knockout of CTNNB1 by CRISPR-Cas9 technology inhibits cell proliferation through the Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway.
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of CTNNB1 gene knockout by CRISPR-Cas9 technology on cell adhesion, proliferation, apoptosis, and Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway.RESULTS: CTNNB1 gene of HEK 293T cells was knocked out by CRISPR-Cas9. This was confirmed by sequencing and western blotting. Methylthiazolyl-tetrazolium bromide assays indicated that deletion of â-catenin significantly weakened adhesion ability and inhibited proliferation rate (P < 0.01) of HEK 293T cells. Nevertheless, deletion of â-catenin did not affect apoptosis of HEK 293T cells, which was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide double staining. In addition, expression level of GSK-3â, CCND1, and CCNE1 detected by qPCR and expression level of N-Cadherin and cyclin D1 detected by western blotting were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) while expression of ã-catenin detected by western blotting was significantly increased (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: Knockout of CTNNB1 disturbed Wnt/â-catenin signaling pathway and significantly inhibited adhesion and proliferation of HEK 293T cells.
|
['Apoptosis', 'CRISPR-Cas Systems', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Gene Editing', 'HEK293 Cells', 'Humans', 'Wnt Signaling Pathway', 'beta Catenin']
| 29,249,062
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['G05.308.203.374.394'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['E05.393.420.270'], ['A11.251.210.172.750', 'A11.436.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.111.820.925', 'G04.835.925'], ['D12.776.091.249', 'D12.776.220.145.500', 'D12.776.930.130']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Identification of a series of tricyclic natural products as potent broad-spectrum inhibitors of metallo-beta-lactamases.
|
This work describes the discovery and characterization of a novel series of tricyclic natural product-derived metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitors. Natural product screening of the Bacillus cereus II enzyme identified an extract from a strain of Chaetomium funicola with inhibitory activity against metallo-beta-lactamases. SB236050, SB238569, and SB236049 were successfully extracted and purified from this extract. The most active of these compounds was SB238569, which possessed K(i) values of 79, 17, and 3.4 microM for the Bacillus cereus II, Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMP-1, and Bacteroides fragilis CfiA metallo-beta-lactamases, respectively, yet none of the compounds exhibited any inhibitory activity against the Stenotrophomonas maltophilia L-1 metallo-beta-lactamase (50% inhibitory concentration > 1,000 microM). The lack of activity against angiotensin-converting enzyme and serine beta-lactamases demonstrated the selective nature of these compounds. The crystal structure of SB236050 complexed in the active site of CfiA has been obtained to a resolution of 2.5 A. SB236050 exhibits key polar interactions with Lys184, Asn193, and His162 and a stacking interaction with the indole ring of Trp49 in the flap, which is in the closed conformation over the active site groove. SB236050 and SB238569 also demonstrate good antibacterial synergy with meropenem. Eight micrograms of SB236050 per ml gave rise to an eightfold drop in the MIC of meropenem for two clinical isolates of B. fragilis producing CfiA, making these strains sensitive to meropenem (MIC < or = 4 microg/ml). Consequently, this series of metallo-beta-lactamase inhibitors exhibit the most promising antibacterial synergy activity so far observed against organisms producing metallo-beta-lactamases.
|
['Bacillus', 'Bacillus cereus', 'Binding Sites', 'Chaetomium', 'Drug Synergism', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fermentation', 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring', 'Kinetics', 'Meropenem', 'Microbial Sensitivity Tests', 'Models, Molecular', 'Thienamycins', 'beta-Lactamase Inhibitors', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 12,019,104
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218', 'B03.353.500.100.218', 'B03.510.100.100.218', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.252', 'B03.353.500.100.218.252', 'B03.510.100.100.218.252', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.252', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.252'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.300.107.800.150'], ['G07.690.773.968.477'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['G02.111.158.249', 'G03.191.249'], ['D03.633.300'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300.750', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300.750'], ['E01.370.225.875.595', 'E05.200.875.595', 'E05.337.550.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D02.065.589.099.124.300', 'D03.633.100.300.124.300'], ['D27.505.519.389.400', 'D27.505.954.122.085.516'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Treatment of resistance to change in children with autism.
|
"Resistance to change" represents a core symptom of autism that we conceptualized and assessed as resulting in part due to factors known to govern free-operant choice. During a free-choice baseline, participants chose between problematic, resistive responses and an appropriate alternative response. During the asymmetrical-choice condition, we delivered their most highly preferred item if the participant chose the alternative response (i.e., differential reinforcement of alternative behavior [DRA]). During the guided- (Experiment 1) and singular- (Experiment 2) choice conditions, we prompted participants to choose the alternative response and then delivered their most highly preferred item (i.e., DRA with escape extinction). All participants learned to tolerate (Experiment 1) or choose (Experiment 2) the alternative response when we combined DRA with escape extinction. After exposure to escape extinction, two participants showed strong maintenance effects with DRA alone. We discuss these finding relative to the effects of DRA and escape extinction on resistance to change.
|
['Autistic Disorder', 'Behavior Therapy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Reinforcement, Psychology']
| 31,219,184
|
[['F03.625.164.113.500'], ['F04.754.137'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.770']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Improved method to quantify intracellular zidovudine mono- and triphosphate in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
|
The determination of intracellular triphosphate metabolites of nucleoside analogs used in anti-HIV therapy is very challenging. Despite the well-known sensitivity and selectivity of LC-MS/MS, the measurement of the triphosphate metabolite of zidovudine (AZT-TP) remains difficult because of the interferences induced by endogenous nucleotides triphosphates. We describe a new approach that allows improved determination of AZT-TP simultaneously with AZT-monophosphate (MP). This was obtained, first, by monitoring a transition from the molecular ion of AZT-TP to a minor but very specific product ion. Then, the spiking of samples with a constant amount of AZT-TP allowed the signal to emerge from background, leading to increased sensitivity. Finally, the analytical run time was reduced to less than 10 min. The low limits of quantification were at 150 and 300 fmol per sample for AZT-TP and AZT-MP, respectively. Recoveries were higher than 85%. Inaccuracy and precision were lower than 10% and 15% (17% at the limit of quantification), respectively. The new method offers the possibility of determining simultaneously other nucleotide phosphates, as shown here for d4T-TP (the triphosphate metabolite of another nucleoside analog, stavudine or d4T) and 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate or dTTP (the corresponding natural nucleotide triphosphate).
|
['Cells, Cultured', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Dideoxynucleotides', 'Humans', 'Leukocytes, Mononuclear', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization', 'Thymine Nucleotides', 'Zidovudine']
| 17,238,240
|
[['A11.251'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D13.695.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.118.637.555', 'A15.145.229.637.555', 'A15.382.490.555'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.196.566.600'], ['D03.383.742.686.706', 'D13.695.201.789', 'D13.695.740.706'], ['D03.383.742.680.705.950', 'D13.570.230.500.950', 'D13.570.230.855.950', 'D13.570.685.705.950']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Neuronal localization of the TNFalpha converting enzyme (TACE) in brain tissue and its correlation to amyloid plaques.
|
The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) can cleave the cell-surface ectodomain of the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP), thus decreasing the generation of amyloid-beta (Abeta) by cultured non-neuronal cells. While the amyloidogenic processing of APP in neurons is linked to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the expression of TACE in neurons has not yet been examined. Thus, we assessed TACE expression in a series of neuronal and non-neuronal cell types by Western blots. We found that TACE was present in neurons and was only faintly detectable in lysates of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglial cells. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to determine the cellular localization of TACE in the human brain, and its expression was detected in distinct neuronal populations, including pyramidal neurons of the cerebral cortex and granular cell layer neurons in the hippocampus. Very low levels of TACE were seen in the cerebellum, with Purkinje cells at the granular-molecular boundary staining faintly. Because TACE was localized predominantly in areas of the brain that are affected by amyloid plaques in AD, we examined its expression in a series of AD brains. We found that AD and control brains showed similar levels of TACE staining, as well as similar patterns of TACE expression. By double labeling for Abeta plaques and TACE, we found that TACE-positive neurons often colocalized with amyloid plaques in AD brains. These observations support a neuronal role for TACE and suggest a mechanism for its involvement in AD pathogenesis as an antagonist of Abeta formation.
|
['ADAM Proteins', 'ADAM17 Protein', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Brain', 'Cell Extracts', 'Humans', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Neurons', 'Plaque, Amyloid', 'Reference Values', 'Tissue Distribution', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 11,536,196
|
[['D08.811.277.656.675.374.102', 'D09.400.430.500', 'D12.776.395.033'], ['D08.811.277.656.675.374.102.375', 'D09.400.430.500.375', 'D12.776.395.033.375'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D20.777.162'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['C23.300.821'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Behavioural effects of quinpirole following withdrawal of chronic treatment with the CB1 agonist, HU-210, in rats.
|
The present study investigated spontaneous and quinpirole-induced motor responses of in rats, following withdrawal from chronic treatment with the potent cannabinoid agonist HU-210. Withdrawal from chronic HU-210 (20 microg/kg daily, 14 days) produced a decrease in spontaneous activity at 1 and 2 days and enhanced the hyperactivity induced by acute administration of the dopamine D2 agonist quinpirole (0.5 mg/kg) at 4 days after the end of HU-210 treatment. Administration of quinpirole on day 4 of withdrawal from chronic HU-210 enhanced stereotyped responses and induced jumping behaviour. These results suggest that withdrawal from chronic exposure to cannabinoid agonists could induce a time-dependent alteration in dopamine D2 psychomotor function, leading to a behavioural disorganization, comparable to acute psychotic episodes after continuous cannabinoids.
|
['Animals', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Dopamine Agonists', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Dronabinol', 'Male', 'Motor Activity', 'Quinpirole', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'Time Factors']
| 16,148,449
|
[['B01.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['D27.505.519.625.150.151', 'D27.505.696.577.150.151'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D02.455.849.090.810'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D03.633.100.810.842', 'D03.633.300.802'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.100'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Preparation of 20-HETE using multifunctional enzyme type 2-negative Starmerella bombicola.
|
The metabolism of arachidonic acid (ARA) by cytochrome P450 ù/ù-1-hydroxylases leads to the formation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), which is an important lipid-signaling molecule involved in regulation of vascular tone, angiogenesis, and inflammation. Development of a simple method to prepare 20-HETE would greatly facilitate the investigation of its biological activities. The nonpathogenic yeast Starmerella bombicola has been shown to convert exogenously added arachidonic acid to 20-HETE via the biosynthetic pathway of sophorolipids; however, the yield was low. Here we demonstrate that genetic knockout of multifunctional enzyme type 2 (MFE-2), which is involved in the â-oxidation of fatty acids, significantly increases the yield of ARA conversion to 20-HETE and allows practical preparation of 20-HETE.
|
['Animals', 'Arachidonic Acid', 'Ascomycota', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Gene Knockout Techniques', 'Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids', 'Hydroxylation', 'Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases', 'Mice', 'Neovascularization, Physiologic', 'Oxidation-Reduction']
| 23,966,667
|
[['B01.050'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.100', 'D10.251.355.310.166.100'], ['B01.300.107'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['E05.393.335.750'], ['D10.251.355.255.100.300', 'D10.251.355.310.166.550'], ['G02.111.385', 'G02.607.348', 'G03.425'], ['D08.811.682.047.436'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G09.330.630'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Terbium binding to ribosomes and ribosomal RNA.
|
Terbium binding to rat liver ribosomes and ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was examined by equilibrium dialysis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Upon binding to ribosomes and rRNA, the enhancement of terbium fluorescence emission at both 488 and 541 nm was dependent only upon the amount of bound terbium and independent of ionic strength. Binding profiles for ribosomes and rRNA suggested that terbium was bound to ribosomes primarily through rRNA interactions. Data suggested that terbium mimicked characteristics previously described for interactions between ribosomes and magnesium. It is proposed, therefore, that fluorescence of terbium bound to ribosomes may prove useful in studies on the nature and extent of interactions between ribosomes and magnesium.
|
['Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Dialysis', 'Female', 'Liver', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Potassium Chloride', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'Rats', 'Ribosomes', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Terbium']
| 1,182,126
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['E05.196.353', 'G02.186'], ['A03.620'], ['G02.640'], ['D01.210.450.150.750', 'D01.745.625'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.811'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D01.268.558.362.968', 'D01.552.550.399.968']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Functionalized core/shell nanofibers for the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells for vascular tissue engineering.
|
AIM: Atherosclerosis is a common cardiovascular disease causing medical problems globally leading to coronary artery bypass surgery. The present study is to fabricate core/shell nanofibers to encapsulate VEGF for the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into smooth muscle cells to develop vascular grafts.MATERIALS & METHODS: The fabricated core/shell nanofibers contained polycaprolactone/gelatin as the shell, and silk fibroin/VEGF as the core materials.RESULTS: The results observed that the core/shell nanofibers interact to differentiate MSCs into smooth muscle cells by the expression of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) contractile proteins á-actinin, myosin and F-actin.CONCLUSION: The functionalized polycaprolactone/gelatin/silk fibroin/VEGF (250 ng) core/shell nanofibers were fabricated for the controlled release of VEGF in a persistent manner for the differentiation of MSCs into smooth muscle cells for vascular tissue engineering.
|
['Blood Vessels', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Fibroins', 'Humans', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Myocytes, Smooth Muscle', 'Nanofibers', 'Polyesters', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 30,526,272
|
[['A07.015'], ['G04.152'], ['D05.750.078.875.500', 'D12.776.093.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['A11.620.520'], ['J01.637.512.300'], ['D05.750.728', 'D25.720.728', 'J01.637.051.720.728'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Survival patterns for malignant mesothelioma: the SEER experience.
|
Statistical analyses of 1,475 histologically confirmed cases of malignant mesothelioma ascertained through the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Program of the National Cancer Institute for the years 1973-1984 showed age at diagnosis, sex, stage of disease, type of treatment, and geographic area of residence to be important predictors of patient survival, although type of treatment may be confounded with prognostic factors (patients selected for surgical treatment tended to have better performance status than other patients). Women below the age of 50 had an unusually long survival, even after adjustment for the effects of other variables in the model. A relatively large proportion of female cases had site of disease designated as peritoneum, but site was not a significant prognostic factor. These results suggest that age, gender and stage of disease should be carefully considered in designing and analyzing clinical trials for persons with mesothelioma. Survival was shorter in the 4 SEER registries which had shipbuilding as a major industry than in the others with less potential asbestos exposure, offering weak support for the hypothesis that asbestos-exposed cases of mesothelioma have worse survival experience than other cases.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Asbestos', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mesothelioma', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Factors']
| 3,356,487
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.578.725.050', 'D01.837.725.700.760.070'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.470.035.510', 'C04.557.470.660.510'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Visceral adiposity in the first half of pregnancy predicts newborn weight among adolescent mothers.
|
OBJECTIVE: Maternal obesity is a strong risk factor for gestational diabetes mellitus and fetal macrosomia. We assessed the association between maternal visceral adiposity tissue (VAT) depth in the first half of pregnancy and both glucose tolerance in late pregnancy and newborn weight in pregnant adolescents.METHODS: We completed a prospective cohort study of 73 pregnant adolescents aged 10 to 19 years, without pre-pregnancy diabetes. VAT depth was measured by ultrasound at 12 to 20 weeks' gestation, followed by a two-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test at 36 to 39 weeks' gestation, to determine the glucose area under the curve (AUC glucose0-120). The association between VAT depth and newborn weight was evaluated by multiple linear regression analysis, controlling for maternal age, parity, smoking, gestational age at delivery, infant sex, pre-pregnancy BMI, weight gain in pregnancy, and fasting serum glucose at 36 to 39 weeks' gestation. The relation between VAT depth and AUC glucose0-120 was assessed by linear regression analysis, adjusting for maternal age, parity, smoking, pre-pregnancy BMI, and weight gain in pregnancy.RESULTS: A 1 cm increase in VAT depth was associated with a 206 g (95% CI 101 to 311) adjusted increase in mean birth weight. VAT depth and the other model covariates together explained more of the variance in birth weight (r(2) = 0.282; P < 0.001) than pre-pregnancy BMI with the other covariates in the same model (r(2) = 0.081; P = 0.076). All three glucose tolerance test measures were performed at 36 to 39 weeks' gestation in 51 of the 73 participants. The relationship between VAT depth and AUC glucose0-120 was not significant (P = 0.43).CONCLUSION: VAT depth in the first half of pregnancy predicts newborn weight better than BMI, but is not associated with glucose tolerance in late pregnancy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Birth Weight', 'Body Mass Index', 'Brazil', 'Cohort Studies', 'Comparative Effectiveness Research', 'Female', 'Fetal Weight', 'Gestational Age', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Intra-Abdominal Fat', 'Obesity', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications', 'Pregnancy Trimesters', 'Pregnant Women', 'Risk Factors', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Ultrasonography', 'Young Adult']
| 24,007,705
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['H01.770.644.145.360.500', 'N05.425.157'], ['C23.888.144.300', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.300', 'E05.041.124.160.750.300', 'G07.100.100.160.120.300', 'G07.345.249.314.120.300', 'G07.345.500.325.235.937', 'G08.686.280'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['A10.165.114.830.500.500'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703'], ['G08.686.707'], ['M01.975.807'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gastrointestinal microbiota and local inflammation during oxazolone-induced dermatitis in BALB/cA mice.
|
At present, laboratory animals are not standardized with regard to the gastrointestinal microbiota (GM), but differences in this feature may alter various parameters in animal models. We hypothesized that variation in the GM correlated with variation in clinical parameters of a murine oxazolone-induced skin inflammation model of atopic dermatitis. BALB/cA mice were sensitized with oxazolone over a 28-d period and variation in gastrointestinal microbiota in fecal and cecal samples was assessed by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Clinical parameters included transepidermal water loss, ear thickness, inflammatory factors in ear tissue and plasma, and histopathologic evaluation. The fecal microbiota before induction of skin inflammation strongly correlated with the levels of some proinflammatory cytokines (IFNã, IL1â, IL12, and TNFá), the antiinflammatory cytokines IL4 and IL10, and the chemokine KC/GRO that were measured in ear samples at study termination. Cecal microbiota at termination correlated with ear thickness and transepidermal water loss. There was no correlation between cytokine responses and ear thickness or transepidermal water loss. In addition, GM changed during the study period in the oxazolone-treated mice, whereas this was not the case for the control mice. The current study shows that the GM of mice influences the development of oxazolone-induced skin inflammation and that the model itself likely induces a pathophysiologic response that alters the composition of the GM.
|
['Animals', 'Cecum', 'Cytokines', 'Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis', 'Dermatitis, Atopic', 'Ear', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Metagenome', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Oxazolone', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Regression Analysis', 'Water Loss, Insensible']
| 23,114,040
|
[['B01.050'], ['A03.556.124.526.209', 'A03.556.249.249.209'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E05.196.401.402.117', 'E05.301.300.319.201'], ['C16.320.850.210', 'C17.800.174.193', 'C17.800.815.193', 'C17.800.827.210', 'C20.543.480.343'], ['A01.456.313', 'A09.246'], ['A12.459'], ['A03.556'], ['G05.360.340.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D03.383.129.462.620'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['G02.111.635.500.750', 'G03.615.500.750', 'G07.410.810.500.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Differential effects of dendritic cell transfer on airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation.
|
Dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to be the most efficient antigen-presenting cells. Intratracheal administration of allergen-pulsed bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) before allergen challenge induces airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation. Ovalbumin (OVA)-pulsed BMDCs from wild-type (WT) mice were transferred into naive WT, CD4(-/-), CD8(-/-), or IL-13(-/-) mice. Two days (short protocol) or 10 days (long protocol) after BMDC transfer, mice were challenged with 1% OVA for 3 days and assayed 2 days later. Transfer of OVA-primed BMDCs into BALB/c or C57BL/6 mice elicited AHR in both protocols. Airway eosinophilia, Th2 cytokines, or goblet cell metaplasia were increased in the long but not short protocol. Lung T cells from both protocols produced Th2 cytokines in response to OVA in vitro. Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidylester-labeled BMDCs were observed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung parenchyma at early time points, and were detected in draining lymph nodes 48 hours after transfer. CD8(-/-) mice developed AHR comparable to WT mice in the short protocol, but decreased levels of AHR, airway eosinophilia, Th2 cytokines in BAL fluid, and goblet cell metaplasia compared with WT mice in the long protocol. CD4(-/-) or IL-13(-/-) mice did not develop AHR or airway inflammation in either protocol. These data suggest that allergen-pulsed BMDCs initiate development of AHR that is dependent initially on CD4(+) T cells, and at later time periods on CD8+ T cells and IL-13. Thus, the timing of allergen challenge after transfer of allergen-pulsed BMDC affects the development of AHR and airway inflammation.
|
['Animals', 'Bronchial Hyperreactivity', 'Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid', 'CD4 Antigens', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8 Antigens', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cytokines', 'Dendritic Cells', 'Female', 'Goblet Cells', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-13', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Subsets', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Ovalbumin']
| 19,151,321
|
[['B01.050'], ['C08.127.210'], ['E05.927.100.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.810.500', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.025', 'D23.050.301.264.894.100', 'D23.101.100.894.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['D23.050.301.264.894.108', 'D23.101.100.894.108'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A11.066.270', 'A11.436.270', 'A15.382.066.270', 'A15.382.670.260'], ['A03.556.124.369.320', 'A04.329.597.320', 'A04.531.520.320', 'A04.760.259', 'A10.615.550.444.321', 'A10.615.550.760.520.320', 'A10.615.550.760.600.320', 'A11.436.298'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.513', 'D12.776.467.374.465.513', 'D23.529.374.465.513'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.644.861.557', 'D12.776.034.614', 'D12.776.256.159.157.663', 'D12.776.290.663', 'D12.776.872.557']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impaired response of human pancreatic polypeptide to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in chronic pancreatitis without diabetes mellitus.
|
In order to clarify the pancreatic endocrine functions in mild chronic pancreatitis, the response of insulin to oral glucose load and the response of glucagon and human pancreatic polypeptide (HPP) to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were investigated in five normal controls and eight patients with chronic pancreatitis but without diabetes mellitus. Although insulin and glucagon responses in patients with chronic pancreatitis tended to be lower than those in normal subjects, the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant. In contrast, HPP response to hypoglycemia in the patients was markedly impaired and significantly lower than that in normals (p less than 0.02). This finding indicates that the impairment of HP response is the earliest and most definite manifestation among pancreatic endocrine abnormalities in chronic pancreatitis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Blood Glucose', 'Chronic Disease', 'Female', 'Glucagon', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Insulin', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatic Polypeptide', 'Pancreatitis', 'Radioimmunoassay']
| 6,763,560
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.587.700', 'D12.644.400.600', 'D12.644.548.586.700', 'D12.776.631.650.600'], ['C06.689.750'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Stent implantation in an adult with coarctation of the aorta in the presence of advanced secondary heart failure.
|
We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with congenital coarctation of the aorta, who presented in critical clinical condition with advanced secondary cardiomyopathy and heart failure. We successfully applied an unusual technique to pass the aortic obstruction, and then implanted a PALMAZ stent. The procedure resulted in prompt clinical improvement and completely resolved the coarctation. The patient's improved clinical condition was still evident 11 months after the procedure.
|
['Aortic Coarctation', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Catheterization', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Stents']
| 10,397,440
|
[['C14.240.400.090', 'C14.280.400.090', 'C16.131.240.400.090'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.434'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E07.695.750']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Thickness-dependent crystallization on thermal anneal for titania/silica nm-layer composites deposited by ion beam sputter method.
|
Crystallization following thermal annealing of thin film stacks consisting of alternating nm-thick titania/silica layers was investigated. Several prototypes were designed, featuring a different number of titania/silica layer pairs, and different thicknesses (in the range from 4 to 40 nm, for the titania layers), but the same nominal refractive index (2.09) and optical thickness (a quarter of wavelength at 1064 nm). The prototypes were deposited by ion beam sputtering on silicon substrates. All prototypes were found to be amorphous as-deposited. Thermal annealing in air at progressive temperatures was subsequently performed. It was found that the titania layers eventually crystallized forming the anatase phase, while the silica layers remained always amorphous. However, progressively thinner layers exhibited progressively higher threshold temperatures for crystallization onset. Accordingly it can be expected that composites with thinner layers will be able to sustain higher annealing temperatures without crystallizing, and likely yielding better optical and mechanical properties for advanced coatings application. These results open the way to the use of materials like titania and hafnia, that crystallize easily under thermal anneal, but ARE otherwise promising candidate materials for HR coatings necessary for cryogenic 3rd generation laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors.
|
['Crystallization', 'Nanostructures', 'Silicon Dioxide', 'Temperature', 'Titanium', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 25,606,914
|
[['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['J01.637.512'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evaluation of mitochondrial DNA coding region assays for increased discrimination in forensic analysis.
|
There is an increasing trend to use mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis in criminal investigations where only limited amounts of DNA are available. However, analysis of the mtDNA control region has the drawback of low discrimination power, due to the lack of recombination that results from uniparental (maternal) inheritance. As a strategy to increase discrimination, a number of typing assays detecting variation in the mitochondrial coding region have been developed. In this study, several of these assays are evaluated for their discriminatory capacity using data obtained from 495 complete Caucasian mtDNA sequences. In order to add a local geographic perspective to this evaluation, we have also sequenced and analysed the entire mtDNA from 20 individuals of Swedish origin. We find that the coding region assays are very useful for resolving sequences with identical HVI/HVII regions. The best-performing coding region assay was able to discriminate 46% of the resolvable sequences, compared to 20-30% for the other coding region assays we evaluated.
|
['DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Databases, Genetic', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Forensic Medicine', 'Genetic Variation', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Sweden']
| 19,083,783
|
[['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['H02.403.330', 'I01.198.780.937'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Craving for cocaine in addicted users. Role of serotonergic mechanisms.
|
Very few studies have examined the role of serotonin (5-HT) in the modulation of craving for cocaine in cocaine-addicted persons. The authors evaluated whether the acute increase in serotonergic neurotransmission after the administration of a challenging dose of the 5-HT partial agonist meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-CPP) had an effect on spontaneous cocaine craving. Male inpatients (N = 31) who met DSM-III-R criteria for cocaine dependence completed 2 days of testing (separated by 48 hours) that involved the oral administration of m-CPP (0.5 mg/kg of body weight) or placebo in random order and under double-blind conditions. Patients' craving for cocaine was found to decrease significantly after the administration of m-CPP. These data could provide evidence for a modulation of cocaine craving by 5-HT systems.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Cocaine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Piperazines', 'Serotonin', 'Serotonin Receptor Agonists', 'Substance-Related Disorders', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 9,097,873
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D02.145.074.722.388', 'D03.132.889.354', 'D03.605.084.500.722.388', 'D03.605.869.388'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.606'], ['D02.092.211.215.801.852', 'D03.633.100.473.914.814', 'D23.469.050.650'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.800', 'D27.505.696.577.850.800'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Regression of left hyperschematia after prism adaptation: A single case study.
|
Prism adaptation (PA) is a promising treatment in the rehabilitation of post-stroke cognitive disorders such as unilateral spatial neglect or constructional deficits. Right brain damage can bring about another representational spatial disorder, termed «hyperschematia», and defined by a left-sided disproportionate expansion of drawings by copy and from memory, and by an overestimation of left lateral extent when a leftward movement is required. This case study aimed at evaluating the effect of PA induced by prismatic lenses creating a shift to the left on hyperschematia signs. A 63-year-old woman with left hyperschematia, consecutive to a right fronto-temporo-parietal hematoma, was exposed to a leftward optical deviation produced by prismatic lenses. An anatomical MRI studied topography of the brain lesion; the patient's lesion was then mapped onto tractography reconstructions of white matter pathways. Results showed that PA significantly reduced the left-sided expansion of drawing by copy and from memory, and the overestimation of left lateral extent, immediately after prism removal and 4 days later, indicating a persistent long lasting cognitive effect. MRI showed a right hemisphere disconnection of the posterior and long segments of the arcuate fasciculus, and of the inferior longitudinal and fronto-occipital fasciculi. Overall, these findings suggest that: i) PA is effective also in hyperschematia by re-orientating spatial attention towards the right side of space, with a relative rightward PA-induced unbalance, and re-setting the spatial representation to the left side of space, contralateral to the side of the lesion; ii) the left misrepresentation of lateral extent may be related to a disconnection between visual coordinates and attentional networks to the frontal lobe.
|
['Adaptation, Physiological', 'Attention', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Net', 'Orientation', 'Perceptual Disorders', 'Space Perception']
| 31,125,738
|
[['G07.025', 'G16.012.500'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.511'], ['F01.058.577', 'F02.830.606'], ['C10.597.606.762', 'C23.888.592.604.764', 'F01.700.750'], ['F02.463.593.778']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Seasonal variation in the occurrence of venous thromboembolism: a report from the Korean Venous Thromboembolism Working Party.
|
There have been conflicting results on seasonal variation in the occurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE). It also has never been studied in Asian population. To address these issues, we investigated seasonal changes of the incidence of VTE in Korean population using 1,495 patients with VTE between January 2001 and December 2010. VTE occurred most frequently in the winter and least frequently in the summer (÷2=11.83, P=0.008). In the subset analyses, the same trend was shown in the PE±DVT group, the unprovoked VTE group, and the VTE without malignancy group. The monthly occurrence rate peaked in December and was at its lowest in July (P=0.004). In conclusion, our study provides evidence that there is an increased risk for VTE in Korean population in the winter season.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Factors', 'Seasons', 'Veins', 'Venous Thromboembolism']
| 22,901,545
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['A07.015.908'], ['C14.907.355.590.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Altered motion repulsion in Alzheimer's disease.
|
Recent research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) indicates that perceptual impairments may occur before the onset of cognitive declines, and can thus serve as an early noninvasive indicator for AD. In this study, we focused on visual motion processing and explored whether AD induces changes in the properties of direction repulsion between two competing motions. We used random dot kinematograms (RDKs) and measured the magnitudes of direction repulsion between two overlapping RDKs moving different directions in three groups of participants: an AD group, an age-matched old control group, and a young control group. We showed that motion direction repulsion was significantly weaker in AD patients as comparing to both healthy controls. More importantly, we found that the magnitude of motion repulsion was predictive of the assessment of clinical severity in the AD group. Our results implicate that AD pathology is associated with altered neural functions in visual cortical areas and that motion repulsion deficit is a behavioral biomarker for the tracking of AD development.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motion Perception', 'Visual Cortex', 'Visual Perception', 'Young Adult']
| 28,106,153
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.463.593.932.567'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['F02.463.593.932'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
The effects of disease awareness on lifestyle changes and the use of preventive measures in asthma patients.
|
Reduction in asthma incidences and mortality, as well as improved quality of life, can be achieved via a wide use of prevention methods. A number of randomized cohort studies demonstrated the effectiveness of such management and the need for multiple treatments. Here, we evaluate whether asthma awareness influences the lifestyle and the use of prevention, as well as the effects of age, sex, economic status, and education on the use of prophylaxis. A total of 18,617 (53.8% female; 24.2% 6-7 years old, 25.4% 13-14 years old, and 50.4% 20-44 years old) were selected by a stratified cluster sampling method in eight cities and one rural area, each over 150,000 citizens. The sample was selected based on the methods and questionnaires of International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood and European Community Respiratory Health Survey. Patients aware of asthma significantly less often (p < 0.05) reported owning asthma-inducing items and significantly more often reported behaviors minimizing the number of allergens (p < 0.05). Patients aware of asthma took all actions reducing their exposure to in-house allergens significantly more often than the healthy (p < 0.05) and individuals with symptoms only (p < 0.05). Allergy prevention was used more often in children (p < 0.0005), responders aware of diseases (p < 0.05), higher levels of education (p < 0.05), and higher household income (p < 0.05). The most common type of prophylaxis used is prophylactic actions, which are undertaken by patients diagnosed with asthma and who are aware of their disease. Adults do not use preventive measures as often as children or adolescents do. Higher rates of prevention-oriented behavior were observed in groups characterized by higher levels of education and higher household income.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Allergens', 'Animals', 'Asthma', 'Child', 'Environmental Exposure', 'European Union', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Patient Education as Topic', 'Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic', 'Risk Reduction Behavior', 'Sex Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Young Adult']
| 25,715,234
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.063'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['M01.060.406'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['I01.615.500.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['I02.233.332.500', 'N02.421.726.407.680'], ['E05.318.372.250.250.365.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.250.365.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.250.365.500'], ['F01.145.699'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mental stress-induced increase in blood pressure is not related to baroreflex sensitivity in middle-aged healthy men.
|
The baroreflex that acts to blunt blood pressure (BP) variations through opposite variations in heart rate should limit the BP increase produced by an emotional challenge. However, relations between baroreflex sensitivity and BP reactivity induced by a psychological stress in a large group of adults have never been firmly established. In 280 healthy men, rest (10 minutes) and stress (5 minutes) BP and heart rate were recorded beat to beat by a blood pressure monitor. The mental stress was elicited by a well-standardized computerized version of a word color conflict stress test (Stroop Color Test). Rest and stress baroreflex sensitivity was assessed by the cross-spectral analysis of BP and heart rate and by the sequence method. The stress-induced increase in systolic BP (22.4+/-0.1 mm Hg) was not correlated with resting baroreflex sensitivity but was slightly correlated (r=0.2, P<0.001) with BP variability assessed either by standard deviation or by mid-frequency band spectral power. Our results suggested that a centrally mediated sympathetic stimulation overcame cardiac autonomic regulation and emphasized the role of the sympathetic vasoconstriction in the pressure response at the onset of the stressing stimulation. During the sustained sympathoexcitatory phase, the cardiac baroreflex blunts BP variations but at a lower sensitivity.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Baroreflex', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cohort Studies', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Sympathetic Nervous System']
| 10,775,556
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['G09.330.380.057', 'G11.561.731.063'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['A08.800.050.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
INK4a knockout mice exhibit increased fibrosis under normal conditions and in response to unilateral ureteral obstruction.
|
The INK4a proteins p16(INK4a) and p19(ARF) regulate cell cycle arrest and senescence. However, the role of these proteins in controlling these processes in the normal kidney and following injury is unknown. We performed unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) to induce fibrosis in 2- to 3-mo-old wild-type (WT) C57/B6 and INK4a knockout mice. By quantitative RT-PCR, p16(INK4a) levels were increased sixfold in WT mice 7 days after UUO and p19(ARF) remained undetectable. Kidney sections were examined to determine levels and localization of p16(INK4a), apoptosis, fibrosis, and senescent cells. INK4a knockout mice displayed mesangial cell proliferation, increased matrix deposition, and myofibroblast differentiation under normal conditions. Following UUO, INK4a knockout mice displayed 10-fold increased tubular and interstitial cell proliferation, 75% decreased collecting duct apoptosis, 2-fold greater collagen and fibronectin deposition, and no cell senescence by senescence-associated â-galactosidase staining compared with WT mice. Both INK4a knockout mesangial cells and kidney lysates from knockout mice following injury showed elevated levels of IL-6 by ELISA compared with WT samples. INK4a knockout epithelial cell cultures displayed increased mesenchymal cell markers when exposed to transforming growth factor-â. These results confirm that p16(INK4a) controls cell proliferation and matrix production and mitigates fibrosis following injury and suggest that the mechanism involves a role in limiting inflammation and cell proliferation.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cellular Senescence', 'Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16', 'Fibrosis', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Ureteral Obstruction']
| 20,861,074
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.043'], ['D12.644.360.225.200', 'D12.776.167.187.200', 'D12.776.476.225.200', 'D12.776.624.776.355.200'], ['C23.550.355'], ['A05.810.453'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['C12.777.725.776', 'C13.351.968.725.776']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Exploring the association between genetic variation in the SUMO isopeptidase gene USPL1 and breast cancer through integration of data from the population-based GENICA study and external genetic databases.
|
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins are covalently attached to target proteins to modify their function. SUMO conjugation participates in processes tightly linked to tumorigenesis. Recently USPL1 (ubiquitin-specific peptidase-like (1) was identified as a SUMO isopeptidase. We report here on the first exploratory study investigating the relationship between genetic variability in USPL1 and breast cancer. Three potentially functional nonsynonymous coding SNPs (rs3742303, rs17609459, rs7984952) were genotyped in 1,021 breast cancer cases and 1,015 controls from the population-based GENICA study. We took advantage of multiple genotype imputation based on HapMap and the 1000 Genomes Project data to refine the association screening in the investigated region. Public genetic databases were also used to investigate the relationship with USPL1 expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines and breast tissue. Women homozygous for the minor C allele of rs7984952 showed a lower risk of Grade 3 breast tumors compared to TT homozygotes (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30-0.81). Case-only analyses confirmed the association between rs7984952 and tumor grade (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.39-0.93). Imputation results in a 238 kb region around rs7984952 based on HapMap and the 1000 Genomes Project data were similar. No imputed variant showed an association signal stronger than rs7984952. USPL1 expression in tumor breast tissue increased with the number of C alleles. The present study illustrates the contribution of multiple imputation of genotypes using public data repositories to standard genotyping laboratory. The provided information may facilitate the design of independent studies to validate the association between USPL1 rs7984952 and risk of Grade 3 breast tumors.
|
['Alleles', 'Body Mass Index', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Databases, Genetic', 'Endopeptidases', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genotype', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Quantitative Trait Loci', 'Regression Analysis', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins', 'Time Factors', 'Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases']
| 23,338,788
|
[['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325', 'L01.470.750.750.325'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['G05.308.370'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['G05.380'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['D12.776.947.249'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.811.037.750', 'D08.811.277.656.300.887']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Childhood deafness in Cape Town.
|
An aetiological survey of a Cape Peninsula school for the deaf, in which 366 Cape Coloured and Asiatic children were examined, is reported. The relevant hereditary factors and the abnormal clinical findings are documented, and the more important of these are discussed. In 20% (74) of the children, the deafness was genetic; in 36% (132) it was acquired, and in 44% (160) it was cryptogenic.
|
['Abducens Nerve', 'Abnormalities, Multiple', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Deafness', 'Eye Diseases', 'Facial Paralysis', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Genes, Recessive', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Nails, Malformed', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Pulmonary Valve Stenosis', 'Retinitis Pigmentosa', 'Sex Chromosomes', 'South Africa', 'Stapes', 'Syndrome', 'Thumb', 'Waardenburg Syndrome']
| 1,154,167
|
[['A08.800.800.120.030'], ['C16.131.077'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C09.218.458.341.186', 'C10.597.751.418.341.186', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.186'], ['C11'], ['C07.465.327', 'C10.597.622.214', 'C23.888.592.636.214'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.415', 'G05.420.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.300.820'], ['C10'], ['C14.280.484.716', 'C14.280.955.750'], ['C11.270.684', 'C11.768.585.658.500', 'C16.320.290.684'], ['A11.284.187.865', 'G05.360.162.865'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['A09.246.397.247.806'], ['C23.550.288.500'], ['A01.378.800.667.430.705'], ['C16.131.077.938']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
[Short account of the history of thyroid surgery].
|
Historical writings have described abnormalities of the thyroid gland for more than 3500 years. The relationship between the thyroid gland and goiter has been unknown until the XX century. Originally, what we know today as goiter was described as bronchocele. It was Wharton who in 1656 named the gland "thyroid", not because of the shape of the gland but because of the proximity to the thyroid cartilage. Rare attempts at thyroidectomy were made early on primarily for prevention of suffocation secondary to goiter with little success and a mortality rate as high as 40%. In 1791, Desault performed the first successful partial thyroidectomy. The most notable surgeon of 20th-century was Emil Theodore Kocher, who is considered the father of thyroid surgery. Christian Albert Theodor Billroth also made significant contributions to thyroid surgery.
|
['Europe', 'Goiter', 'History, 15th Century', 'History, 16th Century', 'History, 17th Century', 'History, 18th Century', 'History, 19th Century', 'History, 20th Century', 'History, Ancient', 'History, Medieval', 'Humans', 'Thyroidectomy']
| 16,035,664
|
[['Z01.542'], ['C19.874.283'], ['K01.400.475.500'], ['K01.400.475.750'], ['K01.400.504.750'], ['K01.400.504.875'], ['K01.400.504.937'], ['K01.400.504.968'], ['K01.400.470'], ['K01.400.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.270.856']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Framingham Risk Score as a Prognostic Predictor of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Preliminary Study.
|
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Predicting the prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) remains challenging. This investigation aimed to apply Framingham Risk Scores (FRS) to assess the combination of prognostic factors following ISSHL and investigate the predictive role of FRS in patients with multiple comorbidities including hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study.METHODS: Twenty-one patients presenting with unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and multiple comorbidities were surveyed. Framingham Risk Score was calculated, and patients were assigned into high-risk (FRS ?20%) and low-risk (FRS <20%) groups. Mean pure tone audiometry (PTA) threshold of both groups and hearing outcomes following established criteria were investigated. All patients were treated with the same protocol of oral methylprednisolone.RESULTS: Overall successful recovery rate (complete + marked recovery) was 23.81%. The mean PTA threshold of the low-risk group showed significant improvement (mean PTA ± standard error, SE: pretreatment, 73.23 ± 11.80; posttreatment, 54.89 ± 10.25, P = .002), while the high-risk group did not show significant improvement in mean PTA threshold (mean PTA ± SE: pretreatment, 71.94 ± 11.77; posttreatment, 68.89 ± 12.81, P = .73).CONCLUSION: Framingham Risk Scores may be useful in predicting outcomes for ISSHL patients with multiple comorbidities.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Audiometry, Pure-Tone', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Hearing Loss, Sensorineural', 'Hearing Loss, Sudden', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Methylprednisolone', 'Middle Aged', 'Prognosis', 'Republic of Korea', 'Risk Assessment', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 28,397,567
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.382.375.060.055'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['C09.218.458.341.887', 'C10.597.751.418.341.887', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.887'], ['C09.218.458.341.900', 'C10.597.751.418.341.900', 'C23.888.592.763.393.341.900'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Extending the viability of sea urchin gametes.
|
The sea urchin is the material of choice for studying many early developmental events. Methods to extend the viability of sea urchin gametes have not received much attention, but it is well known that the eggs are easily damaged by freezing. This study was designed to extend the viability of Lytechinus pictus eggs and sperm without freezing. Gamete viability measurements were based on relative numbers of fertilized vs unfertilized eggs, percentage fertilization, and on observations of embryonic development. Results indicate that gametes can be stored longer and at lower temperatures than previously described. Sperm were consistently kept viable for at least 12 days with little decrease in viability when stored in glass test tubes or plastic petri dishes and submerged in ice inside a refrigerator at 0 +/- 1 degree C. In one experiment, sperm stored in glass test tubes on ice remained viable up to 20 days after extraction. Eggs were maintained from 1 to 7 days, rather than the 1 day or so previously reported, when stored in glass test tubes submerged in ice in a refrigerator at 0 +/- 1 degree C. Results of egg and sperm experiments varied at different times in the season. Such variations may be caused by seasonal cytoplasmic changes, population differences, or the time mature individuals were maintained unfed in aquaria prior to use. Results from this study should be useful for a variety of research, mariculture, and teaching applications in which sea urchin supplies are limited or when the same gamete population is required for subsequent experiments.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Survival', 'Cryopreservation', 'Evaluation Studies as Topic', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Ovum', 'Sea Urchins', 'Spermatozoa', 'Time Factors']
| 7,743,818
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.346'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['E05.337', 'N05.715.360.335'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['E05.481'], ['A05.360.490.690', 'A11.497.497', 'A16.690'], ['B01.050.500.408.578'], ['A05.360.490.890', 'A11.497.760'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of copper interactions with alzheimer amyloid beta peptides: identification of an attomolar-affinity copper binding site on amyloid beta1-42.
|
Cu and Zn have been shown to accumulate in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients. We have previously reported that Cu(2+) and Zn(2+) bind amyloid beta (Abeta), explaining their enrichment in plaque pathology. Here we detail the stoichiometries and binding affinities of multiple cooperative Cu(2+)-binding sites on synthetic Abeta1-40 and Abeta1-42. We have developed a ligand displacement technique (competitive metal capture analysis) that uses metal-chelator complexes to evaluate metal ion binding to Abeta, a notoriously self-aggregating peptide. This analysis indicated that there is a very-high-affinity Cu(2+)-binding site on Abeta1-42 (log K(app) = 17.2) that mediates peptide precipitation and that the tendency of this peptide to self-aggregate in aqueous solutions is due to the presence of trace Cu(2+) contamination (customarily approximately 0.1 microM). In contrast, Abeta1-40 has much lower affinity for Cu(2+) at this site (estimated log K(app) = 10.3), explaining why this peptide is less self-aggregating. The greater Cu(2+)-binding affinity of Abeta1-42 compared with Abeta1-40 is associated with significantly diminished negative cooperativity. The role of trace metal contamination in inducing Abeta precipitation was confirmed by the demonstration that Abeta peptide (10 microM) remained soluble for 5 days only in the presence of high-affinity Cu(2+)-selective chelators.
|
['Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Chelating Agents', 'Copper', 'Dogs', 'Humans', 'Kinetics', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Regression Analysis', 'Serum Albumin', 'Zinc']
| 10,936,205
|
[['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['D12.644.541'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['D12.776.034.841', 'D12.776.124.727'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Volatile and biogenic amines, microbiological counts, and bacterial amino acid decarboxylase activity throughout the salt-ripening process of anchovies (Engraulis encrasicholus).
|
Chemical and microbiological parameters were studied during the industrial production of salt-ripened anchovies (Engraulis encrasicholus). Gradual acidification and increases in the proteolysis index and in total volatile basic nitrogen were observed. At the end of the maturing process, the values reached pH 5.55 +/- 0.03, 21.33 +/- 5.82%, and 44.06 +/- 12.47 mg/ 100 g, respectively. In the three studied anchovy batches, the biogenic amines tyramine, histamine, putrescine, cadaverine, and agmatine increased during ripening. The highest values were found in the batch where initial microbial load was highest (batch 1), especially for enterobacteria and enterococci. Tyramine was the most abundant amine, reaching values from nondetectable to 90 mg/kg, whereas histamine did not surpass 20 mg/kg. Among the microorganisms isolated, Enterobacter cloacae, Aerococcus viridans, Kocuria varians, and Staphylococcus chromogenes were able to decarboxylate amino acids and produce biogenic amines in vitro. Most (70.59%) of the microorganisms identified were able to produce histamine, 23.53% were able to produce the diamines putrescine and cadaverine, and only 11.76% were able to produce tyramine, although this substance was the major biogenic amine found in anchovy samples.
|
['Animals', 'Biogenic Amines', 'Carboxy-Lyases', 'Colony Count, Microbial', 'Consumer Product Safety', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Enterococcus', 'Food Contamination', 'Food Microbiology', 'Humans', 'Salts', 'Seafood', 'Volatilization']
| 21,132,979
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.092.211'], ['D08.811.520.224.125'], ['E01.370.225.875.220', 'E05.200.875.220'], ['N06.850.210'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['B03.353.750.250.250', 'B03.510.550.250.250'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.332', 'J01.576.423.850.730.500.249.300', 'N06.850.425.200', 'N06.850.460.400.300', 'N06.850.601.500.249.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.786'], ['G07.203.300.600.875', 'J02.500.600.875'], ['G01.645.750', 'G02.734.933']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antagonism by d,1-propranolol of imipramine effects in mice.
|
Three agents with known or suspected antidepressant activity, imipramine, salbutamol and dexamphetamine, were active in animal tests predictive of an antidepressant effect in man: antagonism of the hypothermia induced by reserpine, by oxotremorine or by a high dose of apomorphine, and the potentiation of the yohimbine-induced toxicity. These effects were antagonized by d,1-propranolol, suggesting that the stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors could be a common mechanism underlying their effects. These results agree with the noradrenergic hypothesis of the pathophysiology of affective disorders.
|
['Albuterol', 'Animals', 'Apomorphine', 'Body Temperature', 'Dextroamphetamine', 'Drug Interactions', 'Imipramine', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Oxotremorine', 'Propranolol', 'Reserpine', 'Yohimbine']
| 520,412
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The intrapancreatic anatomy as an index of adequacy of pancreatic arteriography.
|
Analysis of 100 pancreatic arteriograms in respect of intrapancreatic arteries shown has been performed. The results have been compared with Michels' classic series of 200 cadaveric dissections. Excellent correlation has been found. The degree of demonstration of small intrapancreatic arteries in our view is an index of the adequancy of pancreatic arteriography.
|
['Angiography', 'Humans', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Prognosis']
| 589,913
|
[['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.734'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E01.789']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development and Validation of a Prediction Model for Pain and Functional Outcomes After Lumbar Spine Surgery.
|
Importance: Functional impairment and pain are common indications for the initiation of lumbar spine surgery, but information about expected improvement in these patient-reported outcome (PRO) domains is not readily available to most patients and clinicians considering this type of surgery.Objective: To assess population-level PRO response after lumbar spine surgery, and develop/validate a prediction tool for PRO improvement.Design, Setting, and Participants: This statewide multicenter cohort was based at 15 Washington state hospitals representing approximately 75% of the state's spine fusion procedures. The Spine Surgical Care and Outcomes Assessment Program and the survey center at the Comparative Effectiveness Translational Network prospectively collected clinical and PRO data from adult candidates for lumbar surgery, preoperatively and postoperatively, between 2012 and 2016. Prediction models were derived for PRO improvement 1 year after lumbar fusion surgeries on a random sample of 85% of the data and were validated in the remaining 15%. Surgical candidates from 2012 through 2015 were included; follow-up surveying continued until December 31, 2016, and data analysis was completed from July 2016 to April 2017.Main Outcomes and Measures: Functional improvement, defined as a reduction in Oswestry Disability Index score of 15 points or more; and back pain and leg pain improvement, defined a reduction in Numeric Rating Scale score of 2 points or more.Results: A total of 1965 adult lumbar surgical candidates (mean [SD] age, 61.3 [12.5] years; 944 [59.6%] female) completed baseline surveys before surgery and at least 1 postoperative follow-up survey within 3 years. Of these, 1583 (80.6%) underwent elective lumbar fusion procedures; 1223 (77.3%) had stenosis, and 1033 (65.3%) had spondylolisthesis. Twelve-month follow-up participation rates for each outcome were between 66% and 70%. Improvements were reported in function, back pain, and leg pain at 12 months by 306 of 528 surgical patients (58.0%), 616 of 899 patients (68.5%), and 355 of 464 patients (76.5%), respectively, whose baseline scores indicated moderate to severe symptoms. Among nonoperative patients, 35 (43.8%), 47 (53.4%), and 53 (63.9%) reported improvements in function, back pain, and leg pain, respectively. Demographic and clinical characteristics included in the final prediction models were age, sex, race, insurance status, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, smoking status, diagnoses, prior surgery, prescription opioid use, asthma, and baseline PRO scores. The models had good predictive performance in the validation cohort (concordance statistic, 0.66-0.79) and were incorporated into a patient-facing, web-based interactive tool (https://becertain.shinyapps.io/lumbar_fusion_calculator).Conclusions and Relevance: The PRO response prediction tool, informed by population-level data, explained most of the variability in pain reduction and functional improvement after surgery. Giving patients accurate information about their likelihood of outcomes may be a helpful component in surgery decision making.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', 'Leg', 'Low Back Pain', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Pain', 'Patient Reported Outcome Measures', 'Recovery of Function', 'Spinal Fusion', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 29,516,096
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['C23.888.592.612.107.400'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.599'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E05.318.308.980.344.500', 'N03.349.380.210.750', 'N04.761.559.590.399.875', 'N05.425.210.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.344.500', 'N05.715.360.575.575.399.875', 'N06.850.520.308.980.344.500'], ['G16.757'], ['E04.555.100.700'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Evolving Alignment in International Continuing Professional Development Accreditation.
|
Several of the world's accreditation systems for continuing professional development (CPD) are evolving to encourage continuous improvement in the competence and performance of health care providers and in the organizations in which they provide patient care. Clinicians learn best when they can to choose from a diverse array of activities and formats that are relevant and meet their needs. Since choice and diversity are key to meeting clinicians' needs, several CPD accreditors have been engaging in deliberate, concerted efforts to identify a core set of principles that can serve as the basis for determining substantive equivalency between CPD accreditation systems. Substantive equivalency is intended to support the mobility of learners, allowing them to access accredited learning activities that are recognized by various CPD accreditation systems in a manner that maximizes the value of those accreditation systems, while minimizing the burden of adhering to their requirements. In this article, we propose a set of core principles that all CPD accreditation systems must express as the basis for determining substantive equivalency between CPD accreditation systems. The article will illustrate how five CPD accreditation systems (two in the USA, two in Canada, and one in Qatar), differing in focus (activity-based versus provider-based), context, and culture, express these values and metrics, and concludes by identifying the value of substantive equivalency for learners, medical regulators, and CPD accreditation systems.
|
['Accreditation', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Education, Continuing', 'Health Personnel', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Staff Development', 'Workforce']
| 27,584,065
|
[['N03.706.110.070', 'N05.700.200.100'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['I02.358.212'], ['M01.526.485', 'N02.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['I02.574.700', 'N04.452.677.822'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Structural characterization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae prion-like protein Ure2.
|
Sacchromyces cerevisiae prion-like protein Ure2 was expressed in Escherichia coli and was purified to homogeneity. We show here that Ure2p is a soluble protein that can assemble into fibers that are similar to the fibers observed in the case of PrP in its scrapie prion filaments form or that form on Sup35 self-assembly. Ure2p self-assembly is a cooperative process where one can distinguish a lag phase followed by an elongation phase preceding a plateau. A combination of size exclusion chromatography, sedimentation velocity, and electron microscopy demonstrates that the soluble form of Ure2p consists at least of three forms of the protein as follows: a monomeric, dimeric, and tetrameric form whose abundance is concentration-dependent. By the use of limited proteolysis, intrinsic fluorescence, and circular dichroism measurements, we bring strong evidence for the existence of at least two structural domains in Ure2p molecules. Indeed, Ure2p NH2-terminal region is found poorly structured, whereas its COOH-terminal domain appears to be compactly folded. Finally, we show that only slight conformational changes accompany Ure2p assembly into insoluble high molecular weight oligomers. These changes essentially affect the COOH-terminal part of the molecule. The properties of Ure2p are compared in the discussion to that of other prion-like proteins such as Sup35 and mammalian prion protein PrP.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Biopolymers', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'DNA Primers', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fungal Proteins', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Molecular Weight', 'Prions', 'Protein Conformation', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins', 'Solubility']
| 10,224,139
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D05.750.078', 'D25.720.099', 'J01.637.051.720.099'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.354'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['G02.494'], ['D12.776.785'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Serum PLR and LMR in Beh?et's disease: Can they show the disease activity?
|
The aim of this study is to determine platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and lymphocytes to monocytes ratio (LMR) levels in Beh?et's disease (BD) and to investigate their relationships with disease activity.Hematological and inflammatory parameters including high-sensitivity C-reactive proteins (hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), PLR, and LMR were examined in BD and healthy controls.Data from 140 patients with BD (108 with active and 32 with inactive disease) and 107 controls were enrolled. PLR (153.21 ± 65.44, 106.20 ± 28.91, P <.001, respectively) was remarkably higher, whereas LMR (5.37 ± 5.47, 8.95 ± 5.84, P <.001, respectively) was significantly lower in BD than in controls. Active BD patients had significantly higher PLR (159.20 vs 131.14, P = .037), ESR (38.30 vs 24.55, P = .017), and hs-CRP (30.20 vs 17.21, P = .027) than those with inactive BD. However, no significant difference in LMR was found between the groups. Moreover, PLR was positively correlated with BDCAF (r = 0.193, P <.05), hs-CRP (r = 0.402, P <.01), and ESR (r = 0.284, P <.01), whereas LMR was negatively correlated with BDCAF (r = -0.175, P <.05), hs-CPR (r = -0.263, P <.01), and ESR (r = -0.175, P <.05). Additionally, both PLR and LMR were shown to be independent factors for BD by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Furthermore, a PLR level of 124.63 was determined as the best cut-off value by ROC analysis (sensitivity 64.3%, specificity 78.0%, and the area under the ROC curve 0. 753).PLR was elevated in active BD as compared to inactive BD. PLR may be a reliable, cost-effective, and novel potential parameter to help evaluate disease activity in BD.
|
['Adult', 'Behcet Syndrome', 'Biomarkers', 'Blood Platelets', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'ROC Curve', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Severity of Illness Index']
| 28,538,403
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C07.465.075', 'C11.941.879.780.880.200', 'C14.907.940.100', 'C16.320.382.250', 'C17.800.827.368.250', 'C17.800.862.150'], ['D23.101'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Community-based persons with mental retardation: opportunities for health promotion.
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The public policy of supporting the mentally retarded in community-based, group home environments provides an exciting opportunity for nurses to develop health promotion and self-care programs to increase the independent living capacity of this population. This article discusses the issues raised and solutions developed by nurse practitioners working with adults with serious medical problems and diminished cognitive capacity.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aging', 'Caregivers', 'Communication', 'Community Mental Health Services', 'Female', 'Group Processes', 'Health Promotion', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nurse Practitioners', 'Self Care', "Women's Health"]
| 9,325,894
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['M01.085', 'M01.526.485.200', 'N02.360.200'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['F04.408.307', 'N02.421.143.183', 'N02.421.461.232'], ['F01.829.316'], ['I02.233.332.445', 'N02.421.726.407.579'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.526.485.650.640', 'N02.360.650.640'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['N01.400.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Antioxidant compounds EGB-761 and BN-52021 attenuate brain edema formation and hemeoxygenase expression following hyperthermic brain injury in the rat.
|
Role of carbon monoxide (CO) in hyperthermic brain injury induced brain pathology was examined in a rat model using immunohistochemistry of the hemeoxygenase-2 (HO-2) enzyme. Exposure of rats to 4 h heat stress at 38 degrees C resulted in profound hyperthermia, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), brain edema formation, cell damage and expression of HO-2 in several brain regions. Pretreatment with potent antioxidant compounds EGB-761 and BN-52021 markedly reduced the HO-2 expression, BBB breakdown, brain edema formation and cell damage without attenuating the hyperthermic response. This effect was most marked in animals treated with EGB-761. These observations suggest that upregulation of HO-2 representing generation of CO plays important roles in hyperthermic brain injury, and oxidative stress seems to be one of the most important signals in inducing HO-2 expression in hyperthermia, not reported earlier.
|
['Animals', 'Antioxidants', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain Edema', 'Brain Injuries', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Diterpenes', 'Fever', 'Ginkgo biloba', 'Ginkgolides', 'Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing)', 'Hot Temperature', 'Lactones', 'Male', 'Plant Extracts', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 14,753,460
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['C10.228.140.187'], ['C10.228.140.199', 'C10.900.300.087', 'C26.915.300.200'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['C23.888.119.344'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.125'], ['D02.455.849.291.400'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.410'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D02.540'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Buserelin as primary therapy in advanced prostatic carcinoma.
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The effectiveness of buserelin, a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist, was tested in 28 patients with Stages C or D adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Of 24 evaluable patients, there were 13 partial responses (54%) by National Prostatic Cancer Project criteria, median duration greater than 6 months. Nine patients had stable disease (38%), median duration greater than 5 months, and only two patients progressed. Performance status improved in 38%, patient-scored pain improved in 46%, and quality of life improved in 57%. Symptoms occurring during treatment consisted of hot flashes, loss of libido, and impotence. A flare of symptoms was observed in only one patient, despite a transient 25% increase in testosterone in 36% of patients. Buserelin is an effective treatment for inducing frequent and meaningful remissions in advanced prostatic cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Buserelin', 'Castration', 'Diethylstilbestrol', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Quality of Life', 'Testosterone']
| 3,930,064
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.320.100', 'D12.644.400.400.740.320.100', 'D12.644.456.460.150', 'D12.644.548.365.740.320.100', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.320.100'], ['E04.270.282', 'E04.950.165'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.725.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.429.824', 'D06.472.334.851.968.984']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fluoxetine for migraine prophylaxis: a double-blind trial.
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UNLABELLED: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have recently been used in the treatment of migraine.OBJECTIVE: We studied the safety and efficacy of fluoxetine in the prevention of migraine.PATIENTS: Between February 1997 and December 1997, we examined 52 patients (33 women) at the Headache Diagnosis and Therapy Service of the Second University of Naples. Ages ranged from 18 to 65 years, and all patients suffered from migraine without aura according to IHS 1988 criteria. The sample was divided into two groups: group A included 32 patients (19 women; mean age, 36.8 years [SD 12.4]) who received fluoxetine at a dosage of 20 mg per day; group B included 20 patients (14 women; mean age, 38.8 years [SD 15.6]) who received placebo.METHODS: Our study was a single-center, randomized, double-blind, parallel study of fluoxetine for the prophylactic control of migraine and consisted of two phases: 30 days of pharmacological wash out and 6 months of therapy with monthly follow-up. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: A, fluoxetine or B, placebo. At the first visit, patients provided a detailed history and underwent neurological evaluation and a Zung test for depression. No pathological values were revealed. In order to monitor symptomatology, all patients received a form for the calculation of the total pain index at monthly follow-up.RESULTS: A comparison of the total pain index between basal values (calculated during the period of wash out) and monthly follow-up (calculated monthly during the period of 6 months of the therapy) showed significant reduction (P < .05) beginning from the third month of treatment in the fluoxetine group and no significant reduction in the placebo group.CONCLUSION: Even if preliminary and to be confirmed, these data seem to support the use of fluoxetine in the treatment of migraine.
|
['Adult', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Fluoxetine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Migraine Disorders', 'Preventive Medicine', 'Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors']
| 11,279,947
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D02.092.831.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10.228.140.546.399.750'], ['H02.403.720.750'], ['D27.505.519.562.437.850', 'D27.505.519.625.600.850', 'D27.505.519.625.850.900', 'D27.505.696.577.600.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Inhibitory action of extracts of Maclura aurantiaca and Epilobium hirsutum on tumour models in mice.
|
Primary screening of alcohol extracts of fruits of Maclura aurantiaca (Moraceae) and the overground part of Epilobium hirsutum (Onagraceae) was conducted in order to test the anti-tumour action on models in mice. Applied in doses of 100 mg/kg and 90 mg/kg, Maclura extract increased the life span of the mice by 158 and 152% accordingly in leucosis P-388 and ascitic tumour of Ehrich. In doses of 1 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg the Epilobium extract prolonged the life span of the mice by 156 and 158% accordingly in leucosis P-388 and ascitic tumour of Ehrlich.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic', 'Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor', 'Female', 'Leukemia P388', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Plant Extracts', 'Plants, Medicinal']
| 1,841,518
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248.179'], ['C04.557.470.200.200', 'C04.619.169'], ['C04.557.337.372.782', 'C04.619.531.782'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['B01.650.560']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence of and risk factors for suicide-related outcomes in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys Japan.
|
AIM: Suicide is a major public health concern in Japan but little is known about the prevalence of and risk factors for suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts. The aim of the present study was to clarify the prevalence of and risk factors for important suicide-related outcomes.METHODS: Important suicide-related outcomes and risk factors were assessed in face-to-face interviews with 2436 adult respondents in seven areas as part of the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health Survey Initiative. Mental disorders were assessed with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI).RESULTS: The lifetime prevalence estimates of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were 10.9%, 2.1%, and 1.9%, respectively. Risk of suicide plans and attempts was highest when suicidal ideation occurred at an early age and within the first year of ideation. In middle-aged individuals, the period after first employment and the presence of mental disorders were risk factors.CONCLUSIONS: Risk of suicide plans and attempts is highest when suicidal ideation occurred at an earlier age and within the first year of ideation. Mental disorders are as predictive of the suicide-related outcomes examined here, and comorbidity is an important predictor.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Cohort Studies', 'Comorbidity', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mood Disorders', 'Risk Factors', 'Rural Population', 'Suicide, Attempted', 'Urban Population', 'World Health Organization', 'Young Adult']
| 18,778,442
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.600'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N01.600.725'], ['F01.145.126.980.875.600', 'I01.880.735.856.600'], ['N01.600.900'], ['N03.540.514.718.800'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Gesture production and comprehension in children with specific language impairment.
|
Children with specific language impairment (SLI) have difficulties with spoken language. However, some recent research suggests that these impairments reflect underlying cognitive limitations. Studying gesture may inform us clinically and theoretically about the nature of the association between language and cognition. A total of 20 children with SLI and 19 typically developing (TD) peers were assessed on a novel measure of gesture production. Children were also assessed for sentence comprehension errors in a speech-gesture integration task. Children with SLI performed equally to peers on gesture production but performed less well when comprehending integrated speech and gesture. Error patterns revealed a significant group interaction: children with SLI made more gesture-based errors, whilst TD children made semantically based ones. Children with SLI accessed and produced lexically encoded gestures despite having impaired spoken vocabulary and this group also showed stronger associations between gesture and language than TD children. When SLI comprehension breaks down, gesture may be relied on over speech, whilst TD children have a preference for spoken cues. The findings suggest that for children with SLI, gesture scaffolds are still more related to language development than for TD peers who have out-grown earlier reliance on gestures. Future clinical implications may include standardized assessment of symbolic gesture and classroom based gesture support for clinical groups.
|
['Child', 'Child Behavior', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cognition', 'Comprehension', 'Cues', 'Female', 'Gestures', 'Humans', 'Language Development Disorders', 'Male', 'Reading', 'Semantics', 'Speech', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Verbal Behavior', 'Vocabulary']
| 20,306,625
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.179'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188'], ['F02.463.188.357'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F01.145.209.530.538.445'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.550'], ['L01.559.423.557'], ['L01.559.598.745'], ['F01.145.209.908.677', 'G11.561.812', 'L01.559.423.676'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['F01.145.209.908'], ['L01.559.598.901']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Food habits of adults in France. Epidemiological data].
|
During the year 1990, 43,440 men and women aged from 17 to 69 years accepted to fill the NAQA questionnaire (18 items) on feeding habits, as part of a routine health examination. The frequency of consumptions and the amounts of food consumed are reported here according to sex. Mean energy intake was 2,586 kcal for men and 1,758 kcal for women and consisted of: fats 102 and 74 g respectively, sucrose 60 and 35 g, proteins 95 and 72 g, alcohol 24 and 4 g, calcium 1,128 and 982 mg and cholesterol 457 and 341 mg. For both men and women 16 percent and 16.8 percent respectively of non-alcohol intakes were made of proteins and 38 percent and 38.6 percent of lipids. Calcium intake was low in 7.5 percent of the subjects. Data analysis by sex and 10-year age groups showed a decrease of fats and sucrose rations and stability of protein rations as the subjects were growing older. These results were similar to those of a recent survey performed with the food history technique. The data obtained by us are an interesting source of information for Public Health epidemiology. They are compared with those found in the literature and discussed.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'France', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Sex Factors', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 1,387,949
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Does Suture Technique Affect Re-Rupture in Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair? A Meta-analysis.
|
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of suture configuration, repair method, and tear size on rotator cuff (RC) repair healing.METHODS: We conducted a literature search of articles that examined surgical treatment of RC tears published between January 2003 and September 2014. For single-row (SR) repairs, we calculated rerupture rates for simple, mattress, and modified Mason-Allen sutures while stratifying by tear size. All double-row repairs-those using 2 rows of suture anchors (DA) and those using a suture bridge (SB)--were performed using mattress sutures, and we compared rerupture rates by repair method while stratifying by tear size. A random-effects model with pooled estimates for between-study variance was used to estimate the overall rerupture proportion and corresponding 95% confidence interval for each group. Statistical significance was defined as P < .05.RESULTS: A total of 682 RC repairs from 13 studies were included. For SR repairs of tears measuring less than 3 cm, there was no significant difference in rerupture rates for modified Mason-Allen sutures versus simple sutures (P = .18). For SR repairs of tears measuring 3 cm or more, there was no significant difference in rerupture rates for mattress sutures versus simple sutures (P = .23). The rates of rerupture did not differ between SB and DA repairs for tears measuring less than 3 cm (P = .29) and 3 cm or more (P = .50).CONCLUSIONS: For SR repairs, there were no significant differences in rerupture rates between suture techniques for any repair method or tear size. All DA and SB repairs were secured with mattress sutures, and there were no differences in the rates of rerupture between these methods for either size category. These findings suggest that suture technique may not affect rerupture rates after RC repair.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, systematic review of Level I through IV studies.
|
['Arthroplasty', 'Arthroscopy', 'Humans', 'Lacerations', 'Recurrence', 'Rotator Cuff', 'Rotator Cuff Injuries', 'Rupture', 'Suture Techniques', 'Sutures', 'Wound Healing']
| 25,828,166
|
[['E04.555.110', 'E04.680.101'], ['E01.370.388.250.070', 'E04.502.250.070', 'E04.555.113'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C26.540'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['A02.633.567.912', 'A02.880.700'], ['C26.761.340', 'C26.803.063', 'C26.874.400'], ['C26.761'], ['E04.987.775'], ['E07.858.690.820'], ['G16.762.891']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Acute rolipram/thalidomide treatment improves tissue sparing and locomotion after experimental spinal cord injury.
|
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) causes severe and permanent functional deficits due to the primary mechanical insult followed by secondary tissue degeneration. The cascade of secondary degenerative events constitutes a range of therapeutic targets which, if successfully treated, could significantly ameliorate functional loss after traumatic SCI. During the early hours after injury, potent pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) are synthesized and released, playing key roles in secondary tissue degeneration. In the present investigation, the ability of rolipram and thalidomide (FDA approved drugs) to reduce secondary tissue degeneration and improve motor function was assessed in an experimental model of spinal cord contusion injury. The combined acute single intraperitoneal administration of both drugs attenuated TNF-alpha and IL-1beta production and improved white matter sparing at the lesion epicenter. This was accompanied by a significant (2.6 point) improvement in the BBB locomotor score by 6 weeks. There is, at present, no widely accepted intervention strategy that is appropriate for the early treatment of human SCI. The present data suggest that clinical trials for the acute combined application of rolipram and thalidomide may be warranted. The use of such "established drugs" could facilitate the early initiation of trials.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Disease Progression', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Immunosuppressive Agents', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Myelin Basic Protein', 'Nerve Regeneration', 'Neurofilament Proteins', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Lew', 'Recovery of Function', 'Rolipram', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Thalidomide', 'Time Factors', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha']
| 19,320,007
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['G05.308'], ['D27.505.696.477.656'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['D12.776.543.620.540', 'D12.776.631.580.510'], ['G11.561.585', 'G16.762.611'], ['D05.750.078.593.630', 'D12.776.220.475.630', 'D12.776.631.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.280', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.280'], ['G16.757'], ['D03.383.773.812.785'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['D02.241.223.805.810.800', 'D03.383.621.808.800', 'D03.633.100.513.750.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition in fat-storing cell multiplication by a factor produced by normal cultured murine hepatocytes.
|
In this study we demonstrate that hepatocytes isolated from normal mice may efficiently inhibit the multiplication of fat-storing cells (FSC) in culture, either in a coculture system where both cell types are separated by a filter of 0.45 microns pore size or via their conditioned medium. The inhibition may be completely reversed when the hepatocytes are removed and the culture medium is renewed. The inhibitory factor appears as early as 8 h in the medium with an almost maximum effect being reached after 24 h, as long as protein synthesis is allowed. It rapidly loses its efficiency through dilution. The inhibitory capacity of the conditioned medium is maintained after heating at 56 degrees C, dialysis of 100,000 x g centrifugation, but reduced after trypsin treatment. The infection of the hepatocytes by ectromelia virus causes an almost total suppression of the synthesis of the inhibitory factor. This latter result suggests that the multiplication of FSC, which may be inhibited by normal hepatocytes, would no longer be hindered in case of disregulation.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Communication', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Separation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelium', 'Kupffer Cells', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Proteins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 2,290,024
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.085'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['A11.251'], ['A10.272.491'], ['A11.329.372.588', 'A11.627.482.588', 'A11.733.397.588', 'A15.382.670.522.588', 'A15.382.680.397.588'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D12.776'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Minimum effective release rate of antifoulants. 2. Effects of TBTCI, 2-furyl-n-pentyl ketone and coumaric acid at Snug harbor, Hawaii.
|
Minimum effective release rate (MERR) of three antifoulants was examined at Snug harbor, Hawaii using a dynamic diffusion system. Among the three antifoulants tested TBTCI was found to be effective in preventing the settlement of Hydroides elegans and Crisea sp at 0.5 microg cm(-2) d(-1) flux rate. At a maximum flux rate of 10 microg cm(-2) d(-1) of 2-furyl-n-pentyl ketone larval settlement of both the test species were 32-36% reduced. More or less similar effect was seen at 10 microg cm(-2) d(-1) of coumaric acid. Non-toxic antifoulants, 2-furyl-n-pentyl ketone and coumaric acid exhibit specific activity against target species. MERR obtainedfor the three antifoulants is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Coumaric Acids', 'Invertebrates', 'Ketones', 'Larva', 'Manufactured Materials', 'Pest Control', 'Ships', 'Trialkyltin Compounds']
| 12,617,321
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.223.200.210'], ['B01.050.500'], ['D02.522'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['J01.637'], ['N06.850.780.200.650'], ['J01.937.817'], ['D02.691.850.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Increased susceptibility to proactive interference in adults with dyslexia?
|
Recent findings show that people with dyslexia have an impairment in serial-order memory. Based on these findings, the present study aimed to test the hypothesis that people with dyslexia have difficulties dealing with proactive interference (PI) in recognition memory. A group of 25 adults with dyslexia and a group of matched controls were subjected to a 2-back recognition task, which required participants to indicate whether an item (mis)matched the item that had been presented 2 trials before. PI was elicited using lure trials in which the item matched the item in the 3-back position instead of the targeted 2-back position. Our results demonstrate that the introduction of lure trials affected 2-back recognition performance more severely in the dyslexic group than in the control group, suggesting greater difficulty in resisting PI in dyslexia.
|
['Case-Control Studies', 'Dyslexia', 'Humans', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Proactive Inhibition', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Young Adult']
| 24,521,515
|
[['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['C10.597.606.150.500.300', 'C10.597.606.150.550.200', 'C23.888.592.604.150.500.300', 'C23.888.592.604.150.550.200', 'F03.625.562.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F01.145.544.538', 'F02.463.425.475.538'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Single-molecule dissection of the high-affinity cohesin-dockerin complex.
|
Cellulose-degrading enzyme systems are of significant interest from both a scientific and technological perspective due to the diversity of cellulase families, their unique assembly and substrate binding mechanisms, and their potential applications in several key industrial sectors, notably cellulose hydrolysis for second-generation biofuel production. Particularly fascinating are cellulosomes, the multimodular extracellular complexes produced by numerous anaerobic bacteria. Using single-molecule force spectroscopy, we analyzed the mechanical stability of the intermolecular interfaces between the cohesin and the dockerin modules responsible for self-assembly of the cellulosomal components into the multienzyme complex. The observed cohesin-dockerin rupture forces (>120 pN) are among the highest reported for a receptor-ligand system to date. Using an atomic force microscope protocol that quantified single-molecule binding activity, we observed force-induced dissociation of calcium ions from the duplicated loop-helix F-hand motif located within the dockerin module, which in the presence of EDTA resulted in loss of affinity to the cohesin partner. A cohesin amino acid mutation (D39A) that eliminated hydrogen bonding with the dockerin's critically conserved serine residues reduced the observed rupture forces. Consequently, no calcium loss occurred and dockerin activity was maintained throughout multiple forced dissociation events. These results offer insights at the single-molecule level into the stability and folding of an exquisite class of high-affinity protein-protein interactions that dictate fabrication and architecture of cellulose-degrading molecular machines.
|
['Amino Acid Substitution', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Biophysics', 'Calcium', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Clostridium thermocellum', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Hydrogen Bonding', 'Microscopy, Atomic Force', 'Models, Molecular', 'Multiprotein Complexes', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Stability', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Thermodynamics', 'Unfolded Protein Response']
| 23,188,794
|
[['E05.393.420.601.035', 'G05.558.109'], ['D12.776.097'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D12.776.167'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['B03.300.390.400.200.770', 'B03.353.625.375.500.770', 'B03.510.415.400.200.770'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['G02.282'], ['E01.370.350.515.666.400', 'E05.595.666.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['D05.500'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.500'], ['G02.111.694'], ['G02.111.700'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['G01.906'], ['G02.111.660.871.790.600.962', 'G02.111.691.600.850', 'G03.734.871.790.600.850', 'G05.308.670.600.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Comparative electrophysiological and hemodynamic measures of neural activation during memory-retrieval.
|
The spatial and temporal characteristics of the brain processes underlying memory retrieval were studied with both event-related potentials (ERP) and positron emission tomography (PET) techniques. Subjects studied lists of 20 words and then performed episodic (old/new judgment) or semantic (living/nonliving decision) retrieval tasks on multiple four-item test lists, each lasting 10 sec. The PET and ERP measurements at test were assessed in relation to both the task (episodic vs. semantic) and the item (old vs. new or living vs. nonliving). Episodic retrieval was associated with increased blood flow in the right frontal lobe (Brodmann Area 10) and a sustained, slowly developing positive ERP shift recorded from the right frontopolar scalp. Semantic retrieval was associated with increased blood flow in the left frontal (Area 45) and temporal (Area 21) lobes but no clear ERP concomitant. The two retrieval tasks also differed from each other in the ERPs to single items in an early (300-500 ms) time window. Item-related comparisons yielded convergent results mainly if the retrieved information was relevant to the given task (e.g., old/new items during episodic retrieval and living/nonliving items during semantic retrieval). Episodically retrieved old items were associated with increased blood flow in the left medial temporal lobe and a transient increase in the amplitude of the late positive component (500-700 ms) of the ERP. Semantically retrieved living items were associated with increased blood flow in the left frontal cortex and anterior cingulate and a transient late frontal slow wave (700-1,500 ms) in the ERPs. These results indicate that the brain regions engaged in memory retrieval are active in either a sustained or transient manner. They map task-related processes to sustained and item-related processes to transient neural activity. But they also suggest that task-related factors can transiently affect early stages of item processing.
|
['Adult', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Female', 'Functional Laterality', 'Hemodynamics', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Memory', 'Neurons', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed', 'Verbal Behavior']
| 11,346,889
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['G09.330.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425.540'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800'], ['F01.145.209.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of continuous insulin infusion therapy on lipoprotein surface and core lipid composition in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
|
To determine whether intensive insulin therapy has the same beneficial effects on lipoprotein composition that it has been shown to have in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) on the routinely measured plasma lipids, we studied 10 patients after 6 months of conventional therapy (CIT) and again after 6 months of therapy with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). While the mean of home blood glucose levels (8.1 +/- 0.5 v 7.9 +/- 0.5 mmol/L) decreased no further, plasma triglycerides (TG) (CIT, 102.7 +/- 25.0; CSII, 89.6 +/- 27.1 mg/dL; P less than .001) decreased after CSII, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly, primarily as a consequence of an increase in HDL2 (CIT, 12.2 +/- 6.0; CSII, 18.1 +/- 6.3 mg/dL; P less than .02). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was unchanged (CIT, 82.2 +/- 32; CSII, 84.0 +/- 27.8 mg/dL). After CIT, two indices of lipoprotein surface composition were altered: (1) the free cholesterol (FC) to lecithin ratio, which is a new cardiovascular risk factor, was abnormally increased in plasma, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) + LDL, and HDL, and (2) the sphingomyelin to lecithin ratio, an index of the surface rigidity of lipoproteins, was increased in the HDL subfractions. While CSII treatment resulted in favorable changes in whole plasma lipids, it failed to correct these disturbances in composition. Since the participation of lipoproteins in certain steps in reverse cholesterol transport appears to be impaired when their surface constituents are altered, persistence of these disturbances may sustain the increased cardiovascular risk of IDDM patients, even when their clinical control is very good and their plasma lipids are normal.
|
['Adult', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Injections', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Infusion Systems', 'Lipids', 'Lipoproteins', 'Male', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Phospholipids']
| 2,023,530
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['E02.319.300.508', 'E07.505.508', 'E07.858.082.505.508'], ['D10'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['G02.640'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D10.570.755']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of ritanserin on the rewarding properties of d-amphetamine, morphine and diazepam revealed by conditioned place preference in rats.
|
The possibility that 5-HT2 receptors mediate the reinforcing properties of d-amphetamine, morphine and diazepam was investigated in rats, using ritanserin, a 5-HT2 antagonist, and the conditioned place preference paradigm. Ritanserin 1 or 2.5 mg/kg did not cause place conditioning. Place preference induced by 1.5 mg/kg d-amphetamine and 2 mg/kg morphine was inhibited and attenuated respectively by pretreatment with 2.5 mg/kg ritanserin. Diazepam- (1 mg/kg) induced place preference was completely blocked by both doses of ritanserin. Ritanserin pretreatment failed to influence amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion, morphine-induced analgesia and diazepam-induced increased open arm exploration of rats on the elevated plus maze. These data are discussed in terms of (a) the possibility that serotoninergic mechanisms have a role in mediating reinforcement and (b) the relationship between appetitive properties and specific behavioral effects of psychostimulants, opiates and anxiolytics.
|
['Analgesia', 'Animals', 'Conditioning, Operant', 'Dextroamphetamine', 'Diazepam', 'Exploratory Behavior', 'Male', 'Morphine', 'Motor Activity', 'Piperidines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Reference Values', 'Reinforcement, Psychology', 'Reward', 'Ritanserin', 'Serotonin Antagonists']
| 3,147,460
|
[['E03.091'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.463.425.179.509'], ['D02.092.471.683.152.110.200'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.070.216'], ['F01.145.387', 'F01.658.370'], ['D03.132.577.249.562.571', 'D03.605.497.607.587', 'D03.633.400.686.607.587', 'D04.615.723.795.576.571'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D03.383.621'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['E05.978.810'], ['F02.463.425.770'], ['F02.463.425.770.836'], ['D03.383.621.840', 'D03.383.742.698.700'], ['D27.505.519.625.850.850', 'D27.505.696.577.850.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Models of tibial fracture healing in normal and Nf1-deficient mice.
|
Delayed union and nonunion are common complications associated with tibial fractures, particularly in the distal tibia. Existing mouse tibial fracture models are typically closed and middiaphyseal, and thus poorly recapitulate the prevailing conditions following surgery on a human open distal tibial fracture. This report describes our development of two open tibial fracture models in the mouse, where the bone is broken either in the tibial midshaft (mid-diaphysis) or in the distal tibia. Fractures in the distal tibial model showed delayed repair compared to fractures in the tibial midshaft. These tibial fracture models were applied to both wild-type and Nf1-deficient (Nf1+/-) mice. Bone repair has been reported to be exceptionally problematic in human NF1 patients, and these patients can also spontaneously develop tibial nonunions (known as congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia), which are recalcitrant to even vigorous intervention. pQCT analysis confirmed no fundamental differences in cortical or cancellous bone in Nf1-deficient mouse tibiae compared to wild-type mice. Although no difference in bone healing was seen in the tibial midshaft fracture model, the healing of distal tibial fractures was found to be impaired in Nf1+/- mice. The histological features associated with nonunited Nf1+/- fractures were variable, but included delayed cartilage removal, disproportionate fibrous invasion, insufficient new bone anabolism, and excessive catabolism. These findings imply that the pathology of tibial pseudarthrosis in human NF1 is complex and likely to be multifactorial.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Density', 'Bony Callus', 'Cartilage', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fracture Healing', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Neurofibromin 1', 'Periosteum', 'Pseudarthrosis', 'Radiography', 'Tibial Fractures']
| 18,383,150
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.100'], ['A10.165.265.200'], ['A02.165', 'A10.165.382'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G16.762.891.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['D12.644.360.325.150.500.460', 'D12.776.476.325.150.500.460', 'D12.776.624.776.610'], ['A10.165.265.746'], ['C26.404.468.627'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C26.404.875', 'C26.558.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antioxidant properties and chemical characterization of Spanish Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. cladodes and fruits.
|
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that consumption of Opuntia ficus-indica Mill. has an important positive health benefit, mainly due to antioxidant properties, which justifies this research. This study examined antioxidant activity, organic acid and sugar profile, total phenolic, and physicochemical characteristics of six O. ficus-indica cultivars growing in the Spanish Mediterranean. It should be noted that, in this study, both cladodes (young and adult) and fruits (peel and pulp) were analyzed.RESULTS: The antioxidant activity (2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl methods) was higher in fruit peel than in cladodes. The young cladodes presented an important antioxidant activity by the ferric-reducing ability of plasma method as well as a higher total phenolic content (18.90 g gallic acid equivalent per kilogram). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode-array detector analysis revealed the absence of sucrose and the presence of glucose and fructose, which the values were higher in pulp fruits. HPLC with refractive index detector analysis showed that citric, malic, and succinic acids were the main organic acids in all cultivars, with a significant higher content in old cladodes.CONCLUSION: These investigations valorize O. ficus-indica fruits in comparison with cladodes. In general, this plant can be considered as an ingredient for the production of health-promoting food, highlighting mainly in the antioxidant activity and total polyphenols content found in young cladodes and peel fruits. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Flavonoids', 'Fruit', 'Opuntia', 'Phenols', 'Plant Extracts', 'Spain']
| 28,833,143
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.198.500.200.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657'], ['D20.215.784.500', 'D26.667'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
EPA-coated titanium implants promote osteoconduction in white New Zealand rabbits.
|
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-coated Ti implants on osteoconduction in white New Zealand rabbit mandibles.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sandblasted and cleansed planar titanium specimens with a size of 5 ? 5 ? 1 mm were coated on one side with 0.25 vol% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The other side of the specimens was kept highly polished (the control side). These specimens were inserted in rabbit mandibles. Twelve rabbits were randomly assigned into three study groups (n = 4). The rabbits were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. The harvested specimens with the implants were assessed for new bone formation on both sides of the implant using CBCT, conventional radiographs, and the biaxial pullout test. The results were statistically analyzed by a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test and Friedman's test as multiple comparisons and by Brunner-Langer nonparametric mixed model approach (R Software).RESULTS: A significant osteoconductive bone formation was found on the EPA-coated Ti implant surface (P < 0.05) at 8 weeks when compared to the polished surface (control). Biaxial pullout test results showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) after 8 and 12 weeks with a maximum force of 243.8 N, compared to 143.25 N after 4 week.CONCLUSION: EPA implant coating promoted osteoconduction on the Ti implant surfaces, enhancing the anchorage of the implant to the surrounding bone in white New Zealand rabbits.
|
['Animals', 'Bone Regeneration', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Cone-Beam Computed Tomography', 'Dental Implantation, Endosseous', 'Dental Implants', 'Eicosapentaenoic Acid', 'Implants, Experimental', 'Mandible', 'Rabbits', 'Random Allocation', 'Surface Properties', 'Titanium']
| 25,393,376
|
[['B01.050'], ['G11.427.213.140', 'G16.762.150.150'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.490', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.399'], ['E04.545.550.280.280', 'E04.650.230.500', 'E06.645.550.280.280', 'E06.780.314.310'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.385', 'D10.251.355.255.200', 'D10.251.355.337.290', 'D10.627.430.450.390'], ['E07.695.340'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['G02.860'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Robust misinterpretation of confidence intervals.
|
Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) is undoubtedly the most common inferential technique used to justify claims in the social sciences. However, even staunch defenders of NHST agree that its outcomes are often misinterpreted. Confidence intervals (CIs) have frequently been proposed as a more useful alternative to NHST, and their use is strongly encouraged in the APA Manual. Nevertheless, little is known about how researchers interpret CIs. In this study, 120 researchers and 442 students-all in the field of psychology-were asked to assess the truth value of six particular statements involving different interpretations of a CI. Although all six statements were false, both researchers and students endorsed, on average, more than three statements, indicating a gross misunderstanding of CIs. Self-declared experience with statistics was not related to researchers' performance, and, even more surprisingly, researchers hardly outperformed the students, even though the students had not received any education on statistical inference whatsoever. Our findings suggest that many researchers do not know the correct interpretation of a CI. The misunderstandings surrounding p-values and CIs are particularly unfortunate because they constitute the main tools by which psychologists draw conclusions from data.
|
['Behavioral Research', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Data Interpretation, Statistical', 'Educational Status', 'Humans', 'Probability', 'Psychology', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 24,420,726
|
[['F04.096.144', 'H01.770.644.108'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['E05.245.380', 'E05.318.740.300', 'L01.313.500.750.190.380', 'N05.715.360.750.300', 'N06.850.520.830.300'], ['N01.824.196'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['F04.096.628'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Fibrinogen is degraded and internalized during incubation with neutrophils, and fibrinogen products localize to electron lucent vesicles.
|
A biologically relevant relationship exists between neutrophils and coagulation processes. Several studies have focused on the ability of neutrophil proteases (both intracellular and membrane-associated) to degrade fibrinogen. The present study investigates the events following the interaction of activated neutrophils with soluble fibrinogen. During incubation of PMA-stimulated neutrophils with fibrinogen at 37 degrees C, fibrinogenolysis occurred, and degraded fibrinogen became associated with the neutrophil. Immunoelectron microscopy identified these fibrinogen products to be located within electron lucent vesicles, and not on the surface of the cell, suggesting that they are internalized. Although a specific interaction between fibrinogen and the neutrophil membrane might assist uptake, in the presence of physiological concentrations of fibrinogen, internalization occurred largely via a non-specific pinocytic process. Studies at low temperature revealed that both intact and degraded forms of fibrinogen can associate with neutrophils. The fibrinogen products detected intracellularly in experiments performed at 37 degrees C might represent uptake of degraded as well as intact forms of fibrinogen, the latter being rapidly degraded intracellularly. This route of fibrinogenolysis contributes minimally to the overall extent of the degradation process, the majority occurring extracellularly. Neutrophils thus possess a proteolytic mechanism for preventing accumulation of surface ligand, perhaps allowing them to evade the immunomodulatory effects of such ligands during inflammation.
|
['Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Endocytosis', 'Fibrinogen', 'Humans', 'Hydrolysis', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neutrophils', 'Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate', 'Up-Regulation']
| 12,023,883
|
[['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['G04.417'], ['D12.776.124.050.250', 'D12.776.124.125.500', 'D12.776.811.300', 'D23.119.490'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G02.380'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D02.455.849.291.500.510.850'], ['G02.111.905', 'G05.308.850', 'G07.690.773.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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