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Ethanol-induced lowering of arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation during hypoxia.
|
Nine fasting, healthy, adult male volunteers were given oral carbohydrate before exposures to normoxia (PIO2 = 149 torr) and mild hypoxia (PIO2 = 98 torr). Following recovery, they were given oral ethanol before similar exposure to normoxia and mild hypoxia. Repeated measures of arterial blood and expired gases were made. Ethanol diminished respiratory gas exchange (R), causing lower alveolar and arterial oxygen pressures during normoxia and mild hypoxia and a reduction in arterial oxygen saturation from 89.9 to 87.4% during mild hypoxia. It is suggested that carbohydrates are preferable to ethanol and fats as nutrients during limited oxygen transport situations, such as high-altitude, carbon monoxide exposure, or during heavy exertion, and for patients with cardiovascular or pulmonary disease.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Carbohydrate Metabolism', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Depression, Chemical', 'Ethanol', 'Fats', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Male', 'Oxygen', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Oxyhemoglobins', 'Spirometry', 'Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio']
| 1,164,347
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.158', 'G03.191'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['G07.690.773.750'], ['D02.033.375'], ['D10.212'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G03.680'], ['D12.776.124.400.707', 'D12.776.422.316.762.687'], ['E01.370.386.700.750'], ['E01.370.386.700.650.900', 'G09.772.920']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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|
The dose-dependent tumor targeting of antibody-IFNã fusion proteins reveals an unexpected receptor-trapping mechanism in vivo.
|
Cytokines often display substantial toxicities at low concentrations, preventing their escalation for therapeutic treatment of cancer. Fusion proteins comprising cytokines and recombinant antibodies may improve the anticancer activity of proinflammatory cytokines. Murine IFNã was appended in the diabody format at the C-terminus of the F8 antibody, generating the F8-IFNã fusion protein. The F8 antibody is specific for the extra-domain A (EDA) of fibronectin, a tumor-associated antigen that is expressed in the vasculature and stroma of almost all tumor types. Tumor-targeting properties were measured in vivo using a radioiodinated preparation of the fusion protein. Therapy experiments were performed in three syngeneic murine models of cancer [F9 teratocarcinoma, WEHI-164 fibrosarcoma, and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)]. F8-IFNã retained the biologic activity of both the antibody and the cytokine moiety in vitro, but, unlike the parental F8 antibody, it did not preferentially localize to the tumors in vivo. However, when unlabeled F8-IFNã was administered before radioiodinated F8-IFNã, a selective accumulation at the tumor site was observed. F8-IFNã showed dose-dependent anticancer activity with a clear superiority over untargeted recombinant IFNã. The anticancer activity was potentiated by combining with F8-IL4 without additional toxicities, whereas combination of F8-IFNã with F8-TNF was lethal in all mice. Unlike other antibody-cytokine fusions, the use of IFNã as payload for anticancer therapy is associated with a receptor-trapping mechanism, which can be overcome by the administration of a sufficiently large amount of the fusion protein without any detectable toxicity at the doses used.
|
['Animals', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antibodies, Neoplasm', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biological Availability', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cricetinae', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic', 'Female', 'Fibronectins', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neoplasms', 'Receptors, Interferon', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 24,795,141
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.240', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.240', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.240'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D23.101.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['G12.300'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C04'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.400'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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|
Sertoli cells promote proliferation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in co-culture.
|
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a major source for cell transplantation. The proliferative ability of BMSCs is an important determinant of the efficiency of transplant therapy. Sertoli cells are "nurse" cells for development of sperm cells. Our recent study showed that Sertoli cells promoted proliferation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) in co-culture. Studies by other groups also showed that Sertoli cells promoted growth of endothelial cells and neural stem cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of Sertoli cells on proliferation of BMSCs. Our results showed that Sertoli cells in co-culture significantly enhanced proliferation of BMSCs (P < 0.01). Moreover, co-culture with Sertoli cells also markedly increased mRNA and/or protein expressions of Mdm2, p-Akt and Cyclin D1, and decreased p53 expression in BMSCs (P < 0.01 or < 0.05). These findings indicate that Sertoli cells have the potential to enhance proliferation of BMSCs.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Cycle Proteins', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Male', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Mice', 'Paracrine Communication', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Sertoli Cells', 'Signal Transduction']
| 27,319,049
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.776.167'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['G05.308'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G04.085.600'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['A05.360.444.849.789', 'A11.382.952', 'A11.436.837'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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|
[Fatal diltiazem poisoning].
|
The diagnosis at postmortem examination and the results of the chemical analysis in a case of a diltiazem intoxication are presented. Two metabolites were identified as desacetyldiltiazem and N-desmethyldiltiazem.
|
['Alcoholism', 'Biotransformation', 'Diltiazem', 'Ethanol', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Suicide', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 3,176,717
|
[['C25.775.100.250', 'F03.900.100.350'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['D03.633.100.079.150'], ['D02.033.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.126.980.875', 'I01.880.735.856'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
DSM-III compulsive personality disorder: an epidemiological survey.
|
A two-stage probability sample of community subjects was developed with a full psychiatric examination employing DSM-III criteria in conjunction with the Epidemiological Catchment Area (ECA) survey conducted in Baltimore, MD. This report details the observation on those subjects diagnosed with compulsive personality disorder and compulsive personality traits. The results indicate that this condition has a prevalence of 1.7% in a general population. Male, white, married and employed individuals receive this diagnosis most often. Our data suggest a dimensional rather than categorical character for this disorder. The disorder imparts a vulnerability for the development of anxiety disorders.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Baltimore', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Life Change Events', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales']
| 1,876,651
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['Z01.107.567.875.500.500.100', 'Z01.433.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['F01.829.458.410'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.600'], ['F04.711.513.653']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
RNA-seq and flow-cytometry of conventional, scalp, and palmoplantar psoriasis reveal shared and distinct molecular pathways.
|
It has long been recognized that anatomic location is an important feature for defining distinct subtypes of plaque psoriasis. However, little is known about the molecular differences between scalp, palmoplantar, and conventional plaque psoriasis. To investigate the molecular heterogeneity of these psoriasis subtypes, we performed RNA-seq and flow cytometry on skin samples from individuals with scalp, palmoplantar, and conventional plaque psoriasis, along with samples from healthy control patients. We performed differential expression analysis and network analysis using weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Our analysis revealed a core set of 763 differentially expressed genes common to all sub-types of psoriasis. In contrast, we identified 605, 632, and 262 genes uniquely differentially expressed in conventional, scalp, and palmoplantar psoriasis, respectively. WGCNA and pathway analysis revealed biological processes for the core genes as well as subtype-specific genes. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a shared increase in the percentage of CD4+ T regulatory cells in all psoriasis subtypes relative to controls, whereas distinct psoriasis subtypes displayed differences in IL-17A, IFN-gamma, and IL-22 production. This work reveals the molecular heterogeneity of plaque psoriasis and identifies subtype-specific signaling pathways that will aid in the development of therapy that is appropriate for each subtype of plaque psoriasis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Cytokines', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Psoriasis', 'Scalp', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcriptome']
| 30,054,515
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.220', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.220'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['C17.800.859.675'], ['A01.456.810'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Maternal perceptions of BRCA genetic counseling communication processes about disclosing cancer risk information to children and adult relatives.
|
OBJECTIVES: Using a novel measure, examine maternal perceptions of the process by which issues pertaining to family communication of BRCA test results are addressed during cancer genetic counseling.METHODS: After receiving BRCA results, mothers (N = 211) of minor-age children reported on their counseling experiences with providers using a communication process measure as well as other psychosocial variables.RESULTS: The novel Genetic Counseling Communication Process measure demonstrated good internal consistency of its 2 factors: patient-led communication (Cronbach's á = 0.73) and provider-led communication (Cronbach's á = 0.82). Participants most often reported that discussions about family communication of BRCA test results to children and adult relatives were led only by their providers (38.2%-39.2%), as opposed to being led by the patient, both parties, or neither party. Providers were most likely to lead these discussions when mothers had stronger family histories of cancer and expressed more confidence about making a decision to talk to their children about BRCA. However, mothers typically led such discussions if they were raising older children and held more positive attitudes about pediatric BRCA testing.CONCLUSIONS: When the assessment of BRCA genetic counseling outcomes includes family communication to potentially at-risk relatives, we learned that most but not all sessions addressed this topic. Cancer family history, child age, and maternal attitudes are important co-factors in these patient-provider communication exchanges. Providers delivering BRCA genetic counseling should be attentive to mothers' information and support needs regarding communicating cancer genetic test results to at-risk relatives, including children.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Child', 'Decision Making', 'Disclosure', 'Female', 'Genetic Counseling', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Genetic Testing', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Mother-Child Relations', 'Ovarian Neoplasms']
| 29,645,321
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F02.463.785.373'], ['F01.829.401.046', 'I01.880.604.583.080.134', 'L01.143.335'], ['H01.158.273.343.385.500.384', 'N02.421.308.400'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['E01.370.225.562', 'E05.200.562', 'E05.393.435', 'N02.421.308.430', 'N02.421.726.233.221'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.829.263.370.290.170'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of fluticasone propionate, triamcinolone acetonide, prednisone, and placebo on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
|
BACKGROUND: Many clinicians are reluctant to prescribe inhaled corticosteroids because of concerns over potential effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the adrenal responses to 6-hour cosyntropin infusion after treatment with fluticasone propionate aerosol, triamcinolone acetonide aerosol, prednisone, and placebo for 4 weeks, a sufficient time interval to assess any effects on the adrenal response to stress.METHODS: This double-blind, triple-dummy, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted in 128 patients to evaluate adrenal response to 6-hour cosyntropin infusion (a clinically relevant method for evaluating adrenal function) after 28 days of treatment with fluticasone propionate aerosol 88 microg or 220 microg twice daily, triamcinolone acetonide aerosol 200 microg 4 times daily or 400 microg twice daily, prednisone 10 mg once daily, and placebo.RESULTS: After 28 days of treatment, mean plasma cortisol response to cosyntropin over 12 hours after initiation of the 6-hour infusion was similar among fluticasone, triamcinolone, and placebo groups; cortisol response was significantly (P <.05) reduced after treatment with prednisone compared with the other treatment groups. Mean 8-hour area under the plasma cortisol concentration-time curves and peak plasma cortisol concentrations were significantly (P </=.003) lower with prednisone than any other treatment; no significant differences were noted between placebo and either of the fluticasone groups in any assessment. Mean reductions from baseline in area under the plasma cortisol concentration time curves and peak cortisol concentrations were significantly (P <.05) greater with triamcinolone 400 microg twice daily compared with placebo.CONCLUSION: These results suggest that fluticasone propionate at therapeutic doses has effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis comparable to that of placebo and has significantly less effect than prednisone as measured by 6-hour cosyntropin infusion after 28 days of treatment.
|
['Administration, Inhalation', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Androstadienes', 'Anti-Inflammatory Agents', 'Asthma', 'Cosyntropin', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Fluticasone', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary-Adrenal System', 'Prednisone', 'Time Factors', 'Triamcinolone Acetonide']
| 10,200,011
|
[['E02.319.267.050'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.129'], ['D27.505.954.158'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500.200', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500.200', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500.200', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500.200', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500.200', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500.200'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.129.114'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['A06.688.357', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435', 'A08.713.357'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A06.300.691'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.719.702'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.915.715', 'D04.210.500.908.891.927']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A longitudinal clinical comparison of plaque-induced inflammation between gingival and peri-implant soft tissues in the maxilla.
|
BACKGROUND: Little information exists concerning the periimplant soft tissue response to plaque compared to the gingiva of the dentition. The purpose of this study was to compare this relative tissue response to plaque in humans over time.METHODS: Two hundred seventy-five (275) hydroxyapatite-coated implants were placed in the maxillae of 50 subjects followed by prosthetic rehabilitation. Baseline gingival (GI) and plaque (PI) index scores were obtained for all implants. Two to 4 teeth per subject were similarly measured, serving as controls. Measurements were repeated at 6-month intervals over 30-months. GI scores were evaluated relative to PI scores at 4 separate sites for each implant, to implant location within the oral cavity, and to length of time that each implant was in function.RESULTS: The peri-implant mucosa demonstrated a significantly greater likelihood of having elevated GI scores relative to PI scores when compared to the gingiva (chi-square for combined PI scores of 0 and 1 = 85.0, df = 1, P <0.001; for combined P1 scores of 2 and 3 = 114.6, df = 1, P <0.001). A logistic generalized linear model confirmed the significance of these results (Student t for implant effect = 21.602). It further demonstrated significantly elevated GI scores for implant sites over time and for implants located in the posterior oral cavity.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that maxillary peri-implant soft tissues are at increased risk for plaque-induced inflammation relative to the gingiva of the dentition. Hygiene recall standards and treatment regimens may require revisions to minimize peri-implantitis and prevent bone loss.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Dental Implantation, Endosseous', 'Dental Implants', 'Dental Plaque', 'Dental Plaque Index', 'Dental Prosthesis Design', 'Durapatite', 'Female', 'Gingivitis', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Male', 'Maxilla', 'Middle Aged', 'Periodontal Index', 'Periodontitis', 'Prospective Studies']
| 11,577,943
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['E04.545.550.280.280', 'E04.650.230.500', 'E06.645.550.280.280', 'E06.780.314.310'], ['D25.339.312', 'E06.780.346.593', 'E07.695.185', 'J01.637.051.339.312'], ['C07.793.208.377'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.300', 'E06.208.250', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.325', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.300', 'N06.890.160.090'], ['E06.780.346.625', 'E06.912.145'], ['D01.029.260.700.675.374.075.025.300.150', 'D01.146.360.050.300.200', 'D01.578.122.477.300', 'D01.695.625.675.650.075.025.300.150'], ['C01.408', 'C07.465.714.258.480'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.645', 'A14.521.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.300.725', 'E06.208.720', 'E06.721.658', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.300.690', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.300.725', 'N06.890.160.215'], ['C07.465.714.533'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Prognostic value of miR-29a expression in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.
|
OBJECTIVES: As a member of miR-29 family, miR-29a can act as either oncogene or tumor suppressor. However, its expression patterns in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are controversial according to previous studies. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the expression and clinical significance of miR-29a in pediatric AML.METHODS: Expression levels of miR-29a in bone marrow mononuclear cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR in a cohort of 106 patients with newly diagnosed pediatric AML. The prognostic values of miR-29a in pediatric AML were also analyzed.RESULTS: Compared with normal controls, we demonstrated a significantly decreased expression of miR-29a in the bone marrow of pediatric AML patients (P<0.001). The expression levels of miR-29a were significantly lower in French-American-British classification subtype M7 than in other subtypes (P<0.001) and differed significantly across cytogenetic risk groups (P=0.002) with high miR-29a expression among those with favorable karyotypes. Moreover, low miR-29a expression was significantly associated with shorter relapse-free (P<0.001) and overall (P=0.008) survival in pediatric AML patients. Cox proportional hazards multivariate analysis of the univariate predictors identified cytogenetic risk and miR-29a expression as independent prognostic factors for relapse-free survival and overall survival. More interestingly, the prognostic value of miR-29a expression was more obvious in the subgroup of patients with intermediate-risk cytogenetics.CONCLUSION: Our data indicate for the first time that the down-regulation of miR-29a was associated with advanced clinical features and poor prognosis of pediatric AML patients, suggesting that miR-29a down-regulation may be used as an unfavorable prognostic marker in pediatric AML.
|
['Bone Marrow Cells', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute', 'Male', 'MicroRNAs', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Reference Values', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,981,932
|
[['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['G05.308.370.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.539.275'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Young adults admitted for asthma: does gender influence outcomes?
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess any outcome differences between young men and women who are admitted for asthma.METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study based on hospitalizations. An inclusion criterion was admission for asthma between January 1, 1998 and July 1, 2001. Exclusion criteria included age >45, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and emphysema. Data were collected on 10 potential confounding variables. Four outcome variables were assessed, including length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, mortality, and respiratory failure.RESULTS: Patients admitted for asthma were significantly more likely to be female (374 females vs. 106 males, p <0.05). There was no difference between the genders comparing month of admission. The women were significantly older, with more Medicaid insured, and more anxiety/depression (p <0.05). There was no difference between the genders for obesity, race, tobacco history, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), hypertension, diabetes, and pneumonia. There was no reported mortality. Using regression analysis, there was no difference between the genders for length of stay (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97-1.17) and respiratory failure (OR = 1.58, 95% CI 0.53-4.76). Men stayed significantly longer in the ICU (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.01-1.38).CONCLUSIONS: Patients admitted with asthma are significantly more likely to be female. Males stay significantly longer in the ICU. There is no difference between the genders for length of stay and respiratory failure. There was no reported mortality for either gender.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Asthma', 'Cohort Studies', 'Demography', 'Female', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Hospitalization', 'Hospitals, Urban', 'Humans', 'Length of Stay', 'Male', 'Ohio', 'Respiratory Care Units', 'Respiratory Insufficiency', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 12,869,295
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['N02.278.421.660'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.760.400.480', 'N02.421.585.400.480'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.512', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.540', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.540'], ['N02.278.388.493.696'], ['C08.618.846'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Contribution of cardiac and arterial baroreceptors to enhanced vasopressin release during hemorrhage with autonomic blockade.
|
During episodes of blood loss, several apparently redundant mechanisms are activated to maintain arterial blood pressure. This study was designed to examine one such compensatory mechanism involving enhanced vasopressin release during hemorrhage when the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is pharmacologically blocked. First, to confirm that this compensatory mechanism exists in canines, conscious dogs were hemorrhaged under normal conditions and during ANS blockade. In dogs with intact cardiac nerves (intact, n = 7), hemorrhage at 0.8 ml/kg/min increased plasma vasopressin (PAVP) from 3.0 +/- 0.7 to 6.6 +/- 2.4 and 78 +/- 50 pg/ml at blood losses of 10 and 20 ml/kg, respectively. At the same amount of blood loss during hemorrhage with ANS blockage, PAVP was enhanced significantly from 33 +/- 17 to 230 +/- 90 and 610 +/- 270 pg/ml. ANS blockade did not, however, alter the hemorrhage-induced increases in plasma renin activity. Next, to examine the afferent mechanisms responsible for the enhanced PAVP response, cardiac-denervated dogs (CD, n = 9) were hemorrhaged with and without ANS blockade. Without blockade, PAVP increased from 3.7 +/- 0.9 to 5.2 +/- 0.8 and 26 +/- 11 pg/ml at blood losses of 10 and 20 ml/kg. PAVP was significantly higher in response to hemorrhage with ANS blockade, increasing from 17 +/- 6 to 76 +/- 18 and 330 +/- 80 pg/ml. The rise in PAVP in the CD dogs suggested that peripheral baroreceptors were involved in eliciting vasopressin release under these conditions. Therefore, the influence of arterial baroreceptors was examined by infusing norepinephrine during hemorrhage in order to maintain blood pressure constant. Under these conditions, PAVP increased significantly in the intact dogs at 10 ml/kg blood loss, but did not change in the CD dogs. These results demonstrate that the enhanced release of AVP during hemorrhage with ANS blockade can be mediated either by cardiac or arterial baroreceptors; however, the maximum response is elicited only when both sets of receptors are functioning normally.
|
['Afferent Pathways', 'Animals', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Autonomic Nervous System', 'Blood Pressure', 'Cardiac Output', 'Denervation', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Heart', 'Heart Rate', 'Hemorrhage', 'Hexamethonium', 'N-Methylscopolamine', 'Norepinephrine', 'Pressoreceptors', 'Reference Values', 'Renin', 'Scopolamine Derivatives']
| 7,700,884
|
[['A08.612.220'], ['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['A08.800.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.370.380.150', 'G09.330.380.124'], ['E04.525.210'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A07.541'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['C23.550.414'], ['D02.092.877.250.592.400', 'D02.675.276.558.592.500'], ['D02.145.074.722.822.550', 'D03.132.889.601.550', 'D03.605.084.500.722.822.550', 'D03.605.869.822.550'], ['D02.033.100.291.502', 'D02.092.063.480', 'D02.092.211.215.746', 'D02.092.311.830', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.830'], ['A08.675.650.915.750.750', 'A08.800.050.800.900.700', 'A08.800.950.750.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750.750'], ['E05.978.810'], ['D08.811.277.656.074.500.780', 'D08.811.277.656.300.048.780', 'D08.811.277.656.837.750'], ['D02.145.074.722.822', 'D03.132.889.601', 'D03.605.084.500.722.822', 'D03.605.869.822']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New isostructural transition metal complexes with a non-innocent dithiolate ligand.
|
Three new complexes with 3,6-dichlorobenzene-1,2-dithiol (bdtCl2), namely methyltriphenylphosphonium bis(3,6-dichlorobenzene-1,2-dithiolato-ê(2)S,S')cobaltate(1-), (C19H18P)[Co(C6H2Cl2S2)2], (I), bis(methyltriphenylphosphonium) bis(3,6-dichlorobenzene-1,2-dithiolato-ê(2)S,S')cuprate(2-) dimethyl sulfoxide disolvate, (C19H18P)2[Cu(C6H2Cl2S2)2]·2C2H6OS, (II), and methyltriphenylphosphonium bis(3,6-dichlorobenzene-1,2-dithiolato-ê(2)S,S')cuprate(1-), (C19H18P)[Cu(C6H2Cl2S2)2], (III), have been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The X-ray structure analyses of all three complexes confirm that the four donor S atoms form a slightly distorted square-planar coordination arrangement around the central metal atom. An interesting finding for both the Cu(II) and Cu(III) complexes, i.e. (II) and (III), respectively, is that the coordination polyhedra are principally the same and differ only slightly with respect to the interatomic distances.
|
['Coordination Complexes', 'Copper', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Ligands', 'Metals', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds']
| 25,652,286
|
[['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['D01.552'], ['D02.886.489']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Biogenesis of L-glyceric aciduria, oxalosis and renal injury in rats simulating type II primary hyperoxaluria.
|
Tracer experiments in rats mimicking type II primary hyperoxaluria, with an expanded intracellular pool of hydroxypyruvate, showed that the excess formation of oxalate did not originate from its immediate precursor glyoxylate. In these animals, the hepatic and kidney activities of oxalate synthesising enzymes such as lactate dehydrogenase and glycolate oxidase were normal, but tissue lipid peroxidation was significantly higher. In vitro experiments established that in a mild alkaline solution, hydroxypyruvate underwent auto-oxidation to form oxalate and H2O2 and also inhibited lactate dehydrogenase and glycolate oxidase from oxidising glyoxylate to oxalate. On the basis of the experimental evidence, we suggest that in type II primary hyperoxaluria, the accumulating hydroxypyruvate could reduce the intracellular pool of glyoxylate and on ageing, give rise to excess oxalate and H2O2, to cause oxalosis in the former and free radical mediated-cell injuries in the latter.
|
['Animals', 'Glyceric Acids', 'Glyoxylates', 'Hyperoxaluria', 'Kidney Diseases', 'L-Lactate Dehydrogenase', 'Lipid Peroxides', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Oxalates', 'Oxalic Acid', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 9,540,839
|
[['B01.050'], ['D02.241.081.844.387', 'D02.241.511.902.387', 'D09.811.366'], ['D02.241.152.367'], ['C12.777.419.313', 'C13.351.968.419.313'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['D08.811.682.047.551.400', 'D08.811.682.047.820.493'], ['D01.248.497.158.685.750.637', 'D01.339.431.374.637', 'D01.650.550.750.600', 'D02.389.338.450', 'D10.440'], ['A03.620'], ['D02.241.081.337.593'], ['D02.241.081.337.593.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An assessment of the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for the analysis of cesium in liquid samples of biological origin.
|
The present study describes the development of an analytical method for the determination of cesium in biological fluid samples (human urine and blood samples) by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The developed method is based on sample presentation by liquid-to-solid conversion, enhancing the emission signal by drying the liquid into small "pockets" created in a metal support (zinc plate), and allows the analysis to be carried out on as little as 1 ìL of sample volume, in a closed sample cell. Absolute detection limits on the Cs I 852.1 nm spectral line were calculated by the IUPAC 3ó method to be 6 ng in the urine sample and 27 ng in the blood serum sample. It is estimated that LIBS may be used to detect highly elevated concentration levels of Cs in fluid samples taken from people potentially exposed to surges of Cs from non-natural sources.
|
['Blood Chemical Analysis', 'Calibration', 'Cesium', 'Cesium Radioisotopes', 'Chlorides', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Equipment Design', 'Humans', 'Lasers', 'Plasma', 'Radioactive Hazard Release', 'Radioactive Pollutants', 'Reference Standards', 'Safety Management', 'Specimen Handling', 'Spectrophotometry, Atomic', 'Urinalysis', 'Zinc']
| 25,014,845
|
[['E01.370.225.124.100', 'E05.200.124.100'], ['E05.978.155'], ['D01.268.549.125', 'D01.268.556.165', 'D01.552.528.160', 'D01.552.544.165'], ['D01.268.549.125.500.300', 'D01.268.556.165.500.300', 'D01.496.180.300', 'D01.496.749.190', 'D01.552.528.160.500.300', 'D01.552.544.165.500.300'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['N06.850.135.848'], ['D20.693'], ['E05.978.808'], ['N04.452.871.900', 'N06.850.135.060.075.800'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998'], ['E05.196.712.726.551', 'E05.196.867.826.551'], ['E01.370.225.124.810', 'E01.370.390.810', 'E05.200.124.810'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels correlate with ovarian response in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
|
PURPOSE: The role of serum AMH levels in prediction of ovarian response in idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) was evaluated. MATERIAL METHOD(S): Twelve patients with IHH underwent controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for IVF were enrolled in this prospective study. Serum AMH levels were studied on the 2nd or 3rd day of an induced menstrual cycle by a preceding low-dose oral contraceptive pill treatment. A fixed dose (150-300 IU/day) of hMG was given in all COH cycles. Correlations between serum AMH levels, COH outcomes and embryological data were investigated.RESULTS: Mean serum AMH levels was 3.47 ± 2.15 ng/mL and mean serum peak estradiol was 2196 ± 1705 pg/mL. Mean number of follicles >14 mm, >17 mm on hCG day and MII oocytes were 4.14 ± 3.2, 4 ± 2.5 and 7.28 ± 3.5, respectively. Mean number of grade A embryos and transferred embryos were 3.28 ± 2.4 and 2.5 ± 0.7, respectively. The clinical pregnancy rate per patient was 41.6 % (5/12). Positive correlations were observed between serum AMH levels and MII oocytes (r = 0.84), grade A embryos (r = 0.85), serum peak estradiol levels (r = 0.87), and number of follicles >14 mm (r = 0.83) and >17 mm (r = 0.81) on hCG day, respectively.CONCLUSION: AMH appears as a promising marker of ovarian response in patients with IHH undergoing IVF.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Mullerian Hormone', 'Female', 'Fertilization in Vitro', 'Gonadotropins', 'Humans', 'Hypogonadism', 'Ovarian Follicle', 'Ovary', 'Ovulation Induction', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies']
| 22,547,042
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D06.472.334.984.500', 'D09.400.430.625', 'D12.776.395.089'], ['E02.875.800.750', 'E05.820.800.750'], ['D06.472.699.322'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C19.391.482'], ['A05.360.319.114.630.535', 'A06.300.312.497.535'], ['A05.360.319.114.630', 'A05.360.576.497', 'A06.300.312.497'], ['E02.875.800.984', 'E05.820.800.984'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regional and cellular distribution of bleomycin hydrolase mRNA in human brain: comparison between Alzheimer's diseased and control brains.
|
Genetic polymorphism of human bleomycin hydrolase (hBH) has been reported to be associated with the risk of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD). The regional and cellular distribution of mRNA encoding hBH in the brain from controls and patients with AD was examined using in situ hybridization. A hybridization signal, in the form of clusters of single cells, was observed in the white matter. Our results indicate a predominantly astrocytic expression of hBH in the investigated human brain regions. Although the signal intensity was generally reduced in AD brains, the large variability among controls rendered this trend statistically insignificant.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Brain', 'Cysteine Endopeptidases', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic', 'Humans', 'In Situ Hybridization', 'Male', 'RNA, Messenger']
| 10,686,410
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200'], ['G05.308.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325', 'E05.393.661.475'], ['D13.444.735.544']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Health visitor risk assessment for preventing falls in elderly people.
|
This study was undertaken to look at the feasibility of a health visitor risk assessment for falls at the time of the routine health check for people aged 75 years and above. A total of 162 people were eligible for inclusion in the study. The standard over-75 assessment check was carried out either in the GP surgery or the person's home. A questionnaire was developed to obtain additional information not collected in the routine health check. The results identified two key risk areas: a history of polypharmacy and living in sheltered housing. There were no differences for a range of physical, emotional and environmental factors between people who had fallen and those who had not. A larger study is required to look at the identification of risk factors for falling at the routine over-75 health check, and appropriate referrals that can be put into place to deal with any problems uncovered. Education of health professionals on the risk factors of falls is also required.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Office Visits', 'Risk Assessment']
| 11,904,560
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.452.758.635'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Pathological and endocrinological study of epithelial ovarian tumors in post-menopausal women].
|
We have studied 37 cases of ovarian epithelial tumors in post-menopausal women, histopathologically and endocrinologically. The normal values for androstenedione, estrone, estradiol and progesterone in healthy post-menopausal women were less than 83 ng/dl, 75 pg/ml, 30 pg/ml and 0.6 ng/ml, respectively. The numbers of cases, the serum values for which were higher than normal, were 9 of 16 (androstenedione), 9 of 16 (estrone), 22 of 29 (estradiol) and 14 of 20 (progesterone). The serum levels of these 4 sex hormones in cases with ovarian stromal condensation (stromal cell hyperplasia) were higher than normal in 8 of 11 (androstenedione), 8 of 11 (estrone), 17 of 19 (estradiol) and 9 of 12 (progesterone), whereas those in cases with no stromal condensation were elevated in 1 of 5, 1 of 5, 5 of 8 and 5 of 7, respectively. After complete removal of the tumors, these elevated sex hormone levels dropped to normal. After the dexamethasone suppression test, the suppression rates for cortisol, 17-OHCS and 17-KS were 4 times as great as those of DHEA-S (dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate), estrone, estradiol and progesterone. 17 beta-estradiol was localized in hyperplastic ovarian stromal cells in all cases with stromal condensation. We concluded that many of the ovarian epithelial tumors produce these sex hormones and that hyperplastic stromal cells are the source an increased amount of serum estradiol.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Androstenedione', 'Cystadenocarcinoma', 'Cystadenoma', 'Estradiol', 'Estrone', 'Female', 'Gonadal Steroid Hormones', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms']
| 3,722,949
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D04.210.500.054.079.329', 'D04.210.500.578.502.112', 'D06.472.040.502.112', 'D06.472.334.851.968.875'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.480', 'C04.557.470.590.480'], ['C04.557.470.035.320', 'C04.557.470.590.485'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.414', 'D04.210.500.578.502.497', 'D06.472.040.502.497', 'D06.472.334.851.437.996'], ['D06.472.334.851'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Suture contamination in strabismus surgery.
|
PURPOSE: To document the contamination rate of sutures used in strabismus surgery and evaluate the reduction of contamination using antibiotic-coated and antiseptic/antibiotic-coated sutures.METHODS: This was a prospective randomized analysis of suture contamination and potential prophylaxis measures after strabismus surgery. Muscle sutures (6-0 polyglactin) used in 302 consecutive cases of strabismus from October 2008 to May 2009 were collected and randomly assigned to three groups: (1) a control without pretreatment sutures (61); (2) antibiotic/steroid-coated sutures (200); and (3) antiseptic-soaked and antibiotic/steroid-coated sutures (141). The sutures were used under sterile conditions and then cut into pieces and transferred to blood agar plates, which were incubated for 48 hours and then checked for growth.RESULTS: Group 1 had bacterial growth in 17 of 61 (28%) sutures; group 2 had growth in 44 of 200 (22%) sutures; and group 3 had growth in 12 of 141 (9%) sutures. The reduction in bacterial growth using the antibiotic/antiseptic coating was significant (P = .006). One patient developed coagulase-negative Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis 1 week after surgery, which was promptly diagnosed and successfully treated. No complications from the antibiotic-coated or antiseptic-soaked sutures were noted.CONCLUSIONS: Although endophthalmitis after strabismus surgery is rare, estimated at 1 in 35,000 to 1 in 185,000, visual outcome is uniformly poor. The authors hypothesize that strabismus sutures can be contaminated via contact with the eyelashes and skin, providing a possible conduit for endophthalmitis. Bacterial contamination of strabismus sutures is high (28%) and can be reduced significantly if sutures are soaked in antiseptic before use.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-Infective Agents, Local', 'Coated Materials, Biocompatible', 'Disinfection', 'Drug Combinations', 'Endophthalmitis', 'Equipment Contamination', 'Eye Infections, Bacterial', 'Female', 'Fluprednisolone', 'Humans', 'Neomycin', 'Oculomotor Muscles', 'Polyglactin 910', 'Polymyxin B', 'Povidone-Iodine', 'Prospective Studies', 'Staphylococcus epidermidis', 'Strabismus', 'Suture Techniques', 'Sutures', 'Triclosan', 'Visual Acuity']
| 22,909,077
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.187'], ['D25.130.420', 'J01.637.051.130.420'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850.375'], ['D26.310'], ['C01.375.265', 'C11.294.265'], ['N06.850.540'], ['C01.150.252.289', 'C01.375.354', 'C11.294.354'], ['D04.210.500.745.432.769.795.307', 'D04.210.500.908.502'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D09.408.051.623'], ['A02.633.567.700'], ['D05.750.728.772', 'D25.720.728.772', 'J01.637.051.720.728.772'], ['D04.345.566.780.750', 'D10.477.750.750', 'D12.644.050.600.750', 'D12.644.641.780.750', 'D12.776.543.695.054.600.750'], ['D01.475.557.500', 'D02.455.326.271.884.533.710', 'D03.383.773.812.615.630', 'D05.750.716.721.838.745', 'D25.720.716.721.838.745', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.838.745'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.343', 'B03.353.500.750.750.343', 'B03.510.100.750.750.343', 'B03.510.400.790.750.343'], ['C10.292.562.887', 'C11.590.810'], ['E04.987.775'], ['E07.858.690.820'], ['D02.355.726.900', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.654.900'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Determination of lymphocyte subpopulations, defined with monoclonal antibodies, in patients with iron deficiency anemia].
|
Lymphocytary subpopulations have been determined, by means of monoclonal antibodies, in 24 patients afflicted with iron deficient anaemia, repeating the determination in 15 of the patients after an adequate iron therapy. In iron deficient patients a significant reduction of the percentage of lymphocytes T (OKT3+) has been observed, in comparison with normal controls, as well as a significant reduction of the percentage of cells OKT8+, with a significant increase of the OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio. In the 10 patients who at the moment of the revaluation did not present any longer either anaemia or iron deficiency, the percentage of lymphocytes OKT3+ and OKT8+ had returned to normal values, as well as the OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio. The 5 patients still resulting anaemic in course of control presented, on the contrary, a significant reduction of cells OKT3+ and OKT8+, while the OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio resulted lightly increased, however not significantly.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anemia, Hypochromic', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'CD4-CD8 Ratio', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Leukocyte Count', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'T-Lymphocyte Subsets']
| 1,945,004
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.071.196'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500.150.160', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500.150.160', 'G04.140.107.595.500.150.160', 'G09.188.105.595.500.150.160', 'G12.248'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595', 'E05.200.625.107.595', 'E05.242.195.107.595', 'G04.140.107.595', 'G09.188.105.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Fate of asialofetuin endocytosed by rat liver.
|
We have investigated the endocytosis by rat liver of asialofetuin coupled to [125I] tyramine cellobiose: [125I] TCASF. Subcellular distribution of radioactive compounds was established after differential and isopycnic centrifugation and by analysing the fractions by SDS electrophoresis. Labelling secondary lysosomes was performed by injecting rats with Triton WR 1339 four days before injecting the protein. Results show that after being associated with endosomes [125I] TCASF is recovered in organelles where they are subjected to a first degradation, the density of these organelles is practically not affected by Triton WR 1339 injection. Later the degradation products are associated with lysosomes whose density is markedly lowered by Triton WR 1339 treatment. These observations suggest that the first intracellular organelles where [125I] TCASF is subjected to digestion are distinct from the secondary lysosome population. This could be in agreement with the hypothesis that supposes that endosomes acquire enzymes from primary lysosomes before fusion with secondary lysosomes.
|
['Alkaline Phosphatase', 'Animals', 'Asialoglycoproteins', 'Cathepsin C', 'Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases', 'Endocytosis', 'Fetuins', 'Iodine Radioisotopes', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mitochondria, Liver', 'Organelles', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Subcellular Fractions', 'alpha-Fetoproteins']
| 2,463,836
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.035'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.395.140'], ['D08.811.277.656.224.130', 'D08.811.277.656.262.186', 'D08.811.277.656.350.350.100'], ['D08.811.277.656.350.350'], ['G04.417'], ['D12.776.124.790.106.304', 'D12.776.157.125.283', 'D12.776.215.625', 'D12.776.377.715.085.304'], ['D01.268.380.400.500.496', 'D01.496.448.496', 'D01.496.749.474'], ['A03.620'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564.461', 'A11.284.835.626.461'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['A11.284.835'], ['D12.776.124.790.106.092', 'D12.776.320.525.500', 'D12.776.377.228.500', 'D12.776.377.715.085.092', 'D23.101.140.050']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Endolymphatic hydrops in asymptomatic ears in unilateral M?ni?re's disease.
|
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of our study was the objective assessment of endolymphatic hydrops in asymptomatic ears in unilateral M?ni?re's disease with a noninvasive electrophysiological test and investigation of significant clinical signs. The null hypothesis was that there would be no signs of endolymphatic hydrops in the asymptomatic ear.STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study using the traveling wave velocity test for endolymphatic hydrops.METHODS: The traveling wave velocity test was used in conjunction with standard audiological tests to investigate both ears of 181 M?ni?re's patients attending the Medical Research Council Institute of Hearing Research in Southampton, United Kingdom. The test uses derived auditory brainstem responses to estimate the velocity of the cochlear traveling wave that is altered in endolymphatic hydrops. M?ni?re's disease was assessed using Arenberg's five staging criteria. Significant correlations were evaluated using standard statistical methods.RESULTS: Of 100 patients with clinically unilateral M?ni?re's disease, 27% showed evidence of endolymphatic hydrops in their asymptomatic ear. There was a significant correlation between signs of hydrops and the mean air-conduction threshold at 500 Hz.CONCLUSIONS: We recommend that a full assessment of incipient disease in the asymptomatic ear in unilateral M?ni?re's disease should be undertaken before offering any treatment options to patients. Any suspicion of early disease in the asymptomatic ear in unilateral M?ni?re's disease should lead to full electrophysiological assessment to assess the evidence of endolymphatic hydrops in that ear.
|
['Endolymphatic Hydrops', 'Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Meniere Disease', 'Prospective Studies']
| 11,359,166
|
[['C09.218.568.217'], ['G07.265.216.500.370.300', 'G07.888.250.300', 'G11.561.200.500.370.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C09.218.568.217.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
The relationship of modern health worries to depression, symptom reporting and quality of life in a general population survey.
|
OBJECTIVE: Worries about the risk to personal health from new technology and features of modern life have been shown to be associated with the use of health care services, health behaviours, mood and reporting of physical symptoms. We examined the frequency and nature of these concerns in a large national sample and the relationship of modern health worries to demographic factors, depression, symptom reporting and health-related quality of life.METHODS: A representative sample of the German population (n=2485) completed a face-to-face survey which included demographic information, the Modern Health Worries Scale, as well as measures of depression, symptom reporting, and health-related quality of life.RESULTS: The majority of the population reports high or extremely high concerns about aspects of modernity affecting their personal health, while only six percent reported no concerns at all. Higher levels of modern health worries were found in females but were not associated with income or age. Higher levels of modern health worries were significantly associated with depression, symptom reporting and lower health-related quality of life. We found the relationship between modern health worries and both symptom reporting and health-related quality of life was only partially explained by depression for most outcome variables, while the association between MHW and physical component (SF-12) was fully mediated by depression.CONCLUSIONS: Concerns about aspects of modernity affecting health are common in a general population sample and associated with depression, symptom reporting and quality of life.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Anxiety Disorders', 'Attitude to Health', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Female', 'Germany', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Illness Behavior', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality Inventory', 'Quality of Life', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Factors', 'Social Change', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Somatoform Disorders']
| 22,405,228
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.080'], ['F01.100.150', 'N05.300.150'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F03.600.300'], ['Z01.542.315'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.499'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['I01.076.201.450.776', 'I01.880.853.400', 'N01.824.737'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['F03.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of dopamine and dobutamine on hyperoxic and hypoxic pulmonary vascular tone in dogs.
|
The pulmonary vascular effects of dopamine and of dobutamine have been reported variably in the literature. We investigated the effects of dopamine and of dobutamine, at doses of 10 and 20 micrograms/kg/min, on the relationships of overall mean pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa) to cardiac index (Cl) in 14 dogs ventilated alternatively in hyperoxic (FIO2, 0.4) and in hypoxic (FIO2, 0.1) conditions. Five-point Ppa/Cl plots were constructed by opening an arteriovenous femoral fistula or by stepwise inflations of a balloon in the inferior vena cava. These Ppa/Cl plots were rectilinear in all experimental conditions. Hypoxia was associated with an increase in Ppa over the entire range of Cl studied (2 to 5 L/min/m2). A deterioration in arterial oxygenation and an increase in O2 consumption constantly occurred after dopamine as well as after dobutamine administration. At 10 micrograms/kg/min (n = 6 dogs) neither drug affected Ppa over the entire range of Cl at both 0.4 and 0.1 FIO2. At 20 micrograms/kg/min (n = 8 dogs), dopamine and dobutamine increased Ppa at the lowest Cl (2 to 4 and 2 to 3 L/min/m2, respectively) at 0.4 FIO2, and attenuated hypoxia-induced increases in Ppa over the entire range of Cl. Two repetitions of alternated 0.4 and 0.1 FIO2 exposures had no effect on Ppa/Cl plots in 6 additional dogs given no drug. We concluded that at dosages as great as 20 micrograms/kg/min, as generally given in clinical practice, dopamine and dobutamine exerted similar effects upon the pulmonary circulation of intact dogs; either no change or an increase in hyperoxic pulmonary vascular tone and either no change or an attenuation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Gas Analysis', 'Dobutamine', 'Dogs', 'Dopamine', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Hemodynamics', 'Hypoxia', 'Lung', 'Oxygen', 'Pulmonary Circulation', 'Vascular Resistance', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 3,605,836
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.100', 'E01.370.386.700.100', 'E05.200.124.100.100'], ['D02.092.311.220', 'D02.092.471.683.410', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.220'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D02.092.211.215.406', 'D02.092.311.342', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.342'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G09.330.380'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['A04.411'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['G09.330.100.770', 'G09.772.593'], ['G09.330.380.921'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Caenorhabditis elegans as a platform to study the mechanism of action of synthetic antitumor lipids.
|
Drugs capable of specifically recognizing and killing cancer cells while sparing healthy cells are of great interest in anti-cancer therapy. An example of such a drug is edelfosine, the prototype molecule of a family of synthetic lipids collectively known as antitumor lipids (ATLs). A better understanding of the selectivity and the mechanism of action of these compounds would lead to better anticancer treatments. Using Caenorhabditis elegans, we modeled key features of the ATL selectivity against cancer cells. Edelfosine induced a selective and direct killing action on C. elegans embryos, which was dependent on cholesterol, without affecting adult worms and larvae. Distinct ATLs ranked differently in their embryonic lethal effect with edelfosine > perifosine > erucylphosphocholine >> miltefosine. Following a biased screening of 57 C. elegans mutants we found that inactivation of components of the insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway led to resistance against the ATL edelfosine in both C. elegans and human tumor cells. This paper shows that C. elegans can be used as a rapid platform to facilitate ATL research and to further understand the mechanism of action of edelfosine and other synthetic ATLs.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Caenorhabditis elegans', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cholesterol', 'Drug Resistance', 'Embryo, Nonmammalian', 'Embryonic Development', 'Humans', 'Insulin-Like Growth Factor I', 'Larva', 'Membrane Microdomains', 'Phospholipid Ethers', 'Phosphorylcholine']
| 25,485,582
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['B01.050.500.500.294.400.875.660.250.250'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['A13.350', 'A16.331'], ['G07.345.500.325.180', 'G08.686.784.170.104'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.937.400', 'D12.776.124.862.400', 'D12.776.467.937.400', 'D23.529.937.400'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['A11.284.149.165.570'], ['D02.033.800.875.875.750', 'D02.355.460.750', 'D10.570.755.375.760.400.985'], ['D02.092.877.883.333.700', 'D02.675.276.232.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Combining intensity, edge and shape information for 2D and 3D segmentation of cell nuclei in tissue sections.
|
We present a region-based segmentation method in which seeds representing both object and background pixels are created by combining morphological filtering of both the original image and the gradient magnitude of the image. The seeds are then used as starting points for watershed segmentation of the gradient magnitude image. The fully automatic seeding is done in a generous fashion, so that at least one seed will be set in each foreground object. If more than one seed is placed in a single object, the watershed segmentation will lead to an initial over-segmentation, i.e. a boundary is created where there is no strong edge. Thus, the result of the initial segmentation is further refined by merging based on the gradient magnitude along the boundary separating neighbouring objects. This step also makes it easy to remove objects with poor contrast. As a final step, clusters of nuclei are separated, based on the shape of the cluster. The number of input parameters to the full segmentation procedure is only five. These parameters can be set manually using a test image and thereafter be used on a large number of images created under similar imaging conditions. This automated system was verified by comparison with manual counts from the same image fields. About 90% correct segmentation was achieved for two- as well as three-dimensional images.
|
['Automation', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 15,230,877
|
[['J01.897.104'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Direct binding and functional studies on muscarinic cholinoceptors in porcine coronary artery.
|
The muscarinic cholinoceptors in porcine coronary artery were identified and characterized by a binding assay using (-)-[3H]quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) and also by pharmacological method. Specific (-)-[3H]QNB binding in the coronary artery was saturable and of high affinity (Kd = 0.08 nM), and it showed a pharmacological specificity as well as stereoselectivity which characterized muscarinic receptors. Muscarinic antagonists competed with the (-)-[3H]QNB binding in order: nonlabeled QNB greater than dexetimide greater than atropine greater than pirenzepine greater than AF-DX 116 greater than levetimide greater than gallamine. Dexetimide was approximately 2000 times as potent as levetimide. The potencies (pKi) of these muscarinic antagonists in competing for (-)-[3H]QNB binding sites in porcine coronary artery correlated well with their pharmacological potencies (pA2 for antagonistic effect of acetylcholine-induced contraction of coronary artery). The decrease in the (-)-[3H]QNB binding by atropine and pirenzepine was due to a reduction in the apparent affinity with little change in the number of maximal binding sites, suggesting a competitive antagonism. Specific (-)-[3H]QNB binding (Kd and maximal number of binding sites) in porcine coronary artery was not changed by the removal of endothelium. We conclude: 1) (-)-[3H]QNB selectively labels the physiologically relevant muscarinic receptors in porcine coronary artery and 2) the majority of these receptors is localized on vascular smooth muscles and the receptors mediate the acetylcholine-induced contractile response of coronary artery.
|
['Acetylcholine', 'Animals', 'Binding Sites', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Female', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Quinuclidinyl Benzilate', 'Receptors, Muscarinic', 'Swine', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 2,313,599
|
[['D02.092.211.111'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['E05.481'], ['D02.241.223.601.238.306.740', 'D02.241.511.085.740', 'D03.605.687.800'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.475', 'D12.776.543.750.720.360.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Analysis of immediate-early transcripts of equine cytomegalovirus.
|
Equine cytomegalovirus (ECMV) contains a linear, double-stranded DNA genome composed of a 146-kbp unique region flanked by a pair of 18-kbp direct repeat (DR) sequences at the termini. Cycloheximide, actinomycin D, and phosphonoacetic acid were applied to infected cell cultures to divide viral transcription into immediate-early (IE), early, and late phases. Eight IE transcripts were identified and mapped to two regions (I and II) of the viral genome. Two of these IE RNAs (13.0 and 5.5 kb in size) were transcribed from region I, which is located within the DR regions; these IE genes are diploid. The other IE transcripts (17.0, 9.0, 7.2, 6.8, 4.5, and 4.2 kb) originated from region II. IE region II is adjacent to region I and spans both unique and DR sequences at the left terminus of the genome. Region II IE transcripts are spliced and transcribed in the opposite direction from region I IE transcripts. IE transcripts from region I were present throughout the replication cycle, whereas those from region II were more abundant during the IE stage than at the early and late stages of infection. These studies demonstrate that ECMV differs from other herpesviruses in the organization and unusually large transcription units of its IE genes.
|
['Antigens, Viral', 'Blotting, Northern', 'Cell Line', 'Cytomegalovirus', 'Genes, Viral', 'Immediate-Early Proteins', 'Protein Precursors', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 1,310,181
|
[['D23.050.327'], ['E05.196.401.095', 'E05.301.300.074', 'E05.601.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['B04.280.382.150.150'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500'], ['D12.776.460', 'D12.776.964.925.968'], ['D12.776.811'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Clinical features and epidemiological survey of perianal warts in 72 males].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical features and epidemiological data of 72 cases of male perianal warts.METHODS: Seventy-two cases of perianal warts in our clinic dated from June, 2004 to April, 2006 were enrolled in the study, whose clinical information and epidemiological data were collected and analyzed.RESULTS: Perianal warts were most commonly seen in young and middle-aged men aged from 18 to 45, only 12.5% of whom had homosexual behaviors. Sauna was another predisposing factor of perianal warts in males in China (chi2 = 5.03, P < 0.05). Primary eruptions of the anus and rectum, like perianal pruritus, eczema, anus fissure, and haemorrhoids, often impaired the local integrity of skin/mucosa. Classical condyloma acuminate was found in 61 (84.72%) of patients, who were susceptive to the infections of HPV 6/11, and were flat condylomas related to HPV16/18. Cryotherapy was believed to be one of the most efficient therapeutic choices for flat perianal warts. Suppression of cellular immune response was identified in the patients by comparison between the subgroups of peripheral T cells and the normal control.CONCLUSION: Sauna is an essential predisposing factor of perianal warts in males, while anus sexual intercourse is not the main route of HPV infection. Classical condylomata acuminate constitute the majority of the eruptions, and flat condylomata come next. The study also provides some useful data for understanding the clinical and epidemiological features of perianal warts in Chinese males for the sake of prevention and treatment of the disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Anus Diseases', 'Condylomata Acuminata', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 17,121,025
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C06.405.469.860.101'], ['C01.221.812.640.220', 'C01.778.640.220', 'C01.925.256.650.810.217', 'C01.925.813.220', 'C01.925.825.810.110', 'C01.925.928.914.217', 'C17.800.838.790.810.110'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Preservation and phallotoxin-staining of the microfilament system in Amoeba proteus.
|
The spatial organization of the microfilament system as the main component of the cytoskeleton in Amoeba proteus was preserved by a glutaraldehyde-lysine-fixation and visualized with fluorescent phallotoxins (NBD- phallacidin , R-phalloidin). Results obtained by means of this method coincide exactly with observations gained from immunocytochemical, ultrastructural and molecular cytochemical studies, i.e., the microfilament system is mainly displayed beneath the cell membrane, at the hyalo - granuloplasmic border and around the cell nucleus. The preparation procedure employed is suitable for the rapid demonstration of cytoplasmic microfilaments in cells difficult to preserve by chemical fixation.
|
['Amanitins', 'Amoeba', 'Animals', 'Cytoskeleton', 'Fixatives', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 6,202,428
|
[['D04.345.566.050', 'D12.644.456.050', 'D12.644.641.050', 'D23.946.587.175'], ['B01.046.500.100.700.089'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750'], ['D27.720.355'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prevalence and spatial distribution of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Giardia lamblia among schoolchildren in Agboville area (C?te d'Ivoire).
|
BACKGROUND: New efforts are being made to improve understanding of the epidemiology of the helminths and intensifying the control efforts against these parasites. In contrast, relatively few studies are being carried out in this direction for the intestinal protozoa. To contribute to a better comprehension of the epidemiology of the intestinal protozoa, prevalence, and spatial distribution of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar and Giardia lamblia, and their association with drinking water supplies, were determined in the Agboville department in southeast C?te d'Ivoire.METHODS/FINDINGS: Stool samples were taken from more than 1,300 schoolchildren in the third year of primary education (CE1) from 30 primary schools and preserved in SAF (sodium acetate-acetic acid-formalin). The samples were analyzed by formalin-ether concentration. Then, a survey questionnaire addressed to schoolchildren and school directors was used to collect data on water supplies. Prevalence of E. histolytica/dispar and G. lamblia were, respectively, 18.8% and 13.9%. No particular focus zone was observed in the spatial distribution of the two species. Significant negative association was observed between use of tap water and high prevalence of E. histolytica/dispar infection (OR = 0.83, p = 0.01). High prevalence of G. lamblia infection was positively associated with use of ponds as the source of drinking water (OR = 1.28, p = 0.009).CONCLUSION: These two species of pathogenic protozoa are present with substantial prevalence in this area of C?te d'Ivoire. Although their spatial distribution is not focused in any one place, determination of the population segments with the highest levels of infection will help to target the chemotherapeutic fight. To reinforce treatment with chemotherapeutic agents, tap water should be made available in all the localities of this area.
|
['Animals', 'Child', "Cote d'Ivoire", 'Entamoeba histolytica', 'Entamoebiasis', 'Female', 'Giardia lamblia', 'Giardiasis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prevalence']
| 20,087,416
|
[['B01.050'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.058.290.190.272'], ['B01.046.500.100.700.335.330'], ['C01.610.752.049.407'], ['B01.237.385.400'], ['C01.610.432.481', 'C01.610.752.400', 'C06.405.469.452.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Associations of High Intensities on Magnetization-Prepared Rapid Acquisition with Gradient Echo with Aortic Complicated Lesions in Ischemic Stroke Patients.
|
BACKGROUND: Aortic complicated lesions (ACLs) are key parameters for evaluating aortic embolic sources in embolic stroke, and are usually diagnosed using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). However, alternative methods for diagnosing ACLs have not been well established. We investigated associations between high-intensity areas on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) with magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition with gradient echo (MPRAGE) and ACLs on TEE among ischemic stroke patients.METHODS: Participants comprised 135 patients (mean age, 71 years; 35 women) with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack who underwent TEE for evaluation of embolic sources and plaque imaging using MPRAGE for evaluation of aortic or carotid plaques. Aortic plaque with signal intensity ?200% of sternocleidomastoid intensity on MPRAGE was categorized as "high intensity". ACLs on TEE were defined by focal increases in intima-media thickness (IMT) ?4.0 mm or the presence of ulcerated or mobile plaques.RESULTS: Fifty-six patients (42%) showed high-intensity areas on MPRAGE at the aortic arch. Aortic maximum IMT was significantly higher in patients with high intensities than in those without (p < 0.001). Incidences of ACLs (66 vs. 20%, p < 0.001) or ulcerated or mobile plaques (30 vs. 6%, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in patients with high intensities than in patients without. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that high intensities on MPRAGE were independently associated with the presence of ACLs (OR 5.72; 95% CI 2.38-13.70) and ulcerated or mobile plaques (OR 4.18; 95% CI 1.29-13.50).CONCLUSIONS: High intensities on T1WI with MPRAGE in the aortic arch were significantly associated with the presence of ACLs. An evaluation of the aortic arch using MPRAGE may be useful for predicting ACLs.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aorta, Thoracic', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Brain Ischemia', 'Databases, Factual', 'Echocardiography, Transesophageal', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intracranial Embolism', 'Magnetic Resonance Angiography', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Plaque, Atherosclerotic', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Registries', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Assessment', 'Risk Factors', 'Stroke']
| 30,763,926
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['A07.015.114.056.372'], ['C14.907.109'], ['C10.228.140.300.150', 'C14.907.253.092'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.235', 'E01.370.350.850.220.235', 'E01.370.370.380.220.235'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.300.525.400', 'C14.907.253.566.300', 'C14.907.355.590.213.300'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.500', 'E01.370.370.050.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.823'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Variants of serum cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8) in mentally retarded children].
|
Using screening, electrophoretic and spectrophotometric examinations, the authors studied the polymorphism of serum cholinesterase (CE) (CP 3.1.1.8) in children with undifferentiated oligophrenia. The rates of the identified phenotypes were as follows: CHE1U--0.769; CHE1UD--0.039; CHE1UF--0.192; CHE2(5-)-1.000. The incidence of the CHE1UF variant of the enzyme considerably exceeded that in the control groups (u = 2.44; u = 3.23) while the frequency of the CHE1U variant detection was significantly below that in the control groups (u = 2.70; u = 3.01; u = 3.46). The author discusses the advisability of the identification of CE variants in patients with psychoneurological diseases in order to prevent the development of side effects of myorelaxants and local anesthetics.
|
['Adolescent', 'Alleles', 'Child', 'Cholinesterases', 'Female', 'Gene Frequency', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Intellectual Disability', 'Isoenzymes', 'Male']
| 3,705,846
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.170'], ['G05.330'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.360', 'C23.888.592.604.646', 'F01.700.687', 'F03.625.539'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
New aspect of plant-rhizobia interaction: alkaloid biosynthesis in Crotalaria depends on nodulation.
|
Infection of legume hosts by rhizobial bacteria results in the formation of a specialized organ, the nodule, in which atmospheric nitrogen is reduced to ammonia. Nodulation requires the reprogramming of the plant cell, allowing the microsymbiont to enter the plant tissue in a highly controlled manner. We have found that, in Crotalaria (Fabaceae), this reprogramming is associated with the biosynthesis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). These compounds are part of the plant's chemical defense against herbivores and cannot be regarded as being functionally involved in the symbiosis. PAs in Crotalaria are detectable only when the plants form nodules after infection with their rhizobial partner. The identification of a plant-derived sequence encoding homospermidine synthase (HSS), the first pathway-specific enzyme of PA biosynthesis, suggests that the plant and not the microbiont is the producer of PAs. Transcripts of HSS are detectable exclusively in the nodules, the tissue with the highest concentration of PAs, indicating that PA biosynthesis is restricted to the nodules and that the nodules are the source from which the alkaloids are transported to the above ground parts of the plant. The link between nodulation and the biosynthesis of nitrogen-containing alkaloids in Crotalaria highlights a further facet of the effect of symbiosis with rhizobia on the ecologically important trait of the plant's chemical defense.
|
['Alkyl and Aryl Transferases', 'Crotalaria', 'DNA, Complementary', 'Nitrogen', 'Plant Root Nodulation', 'Plant Roots', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Rhizobium', 'Symbiosis']
| 25,775,562
|
[['D08.811.913.225'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.175'], ['D13.444.308.497.220', 'D13.444.600.223.500', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.260'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['G15.682'], ['A18.400'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['D03.132.716', 'D03.633.100.772'], ['D12.776.828'], ['B03.440.400.425.700.800', 'B03.585.900', 'B03.660.050.662.670'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Impairment of p53 acetylation, stability and function by an oncogenic transcription factor.
|
Mutations of p53 are remarkably rare in acute promyelocytic leukemias (APLs). Here, we demonstrate that the APL-associated fusion proteins PML-RAR and PLZF-RAR directly inhibit p53, allowing leukemic blasts to evade p53-dependent cancer surveillance pathways. PML-RAR causes deacetylation and degradation of p53, resulting in repression of p53 transcriptional activity, and protection from p53-dependent responses to genotoxic stress. These phenomena are dependent on the expression of wild-type PML, acting as a bridge between p53 and PML-RAR. Recruitment of histone deacetylase (HDAC) to p53 and inhibition of p53 activity were abrogated by conditions that either inactivate HDACs or trigger HDAC release from the fusion protein, implicating recruitment of HDAC by PML-RAR as the mechanism underlying p53 inhibition.
|
['Acetylation', 'Alleles', 'Animals', 'Cell Line', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Histone Deacetylases', 'Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors', 'Mice', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Nuclear Proteins', 'Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein', 'Promyelocytic Leukemia Zinc Finger Protein', 'Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2', 'Receptors, Retinoic Acid', 'Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Tumor Suppressor Proteins']
| 14,976,551
|
[['G02.111.012.052', 'G02.607.063.052', 'G03.040.052'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.776.260'], ['D08.811.277.087.520'], ['D12.776.260.522', 'D12.776.930.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D12.776.660'], ['D12.776.624.776.654', 'D12.776.660.745', 'D12.776.930.713', 'D12.776.934.500'], ['D12.776.260.522.625', 'D12.776.930.375.625'], ['D05.500.562.500', 'D08.811.277.656.918', 'D08.811.600.730'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['D08.811.464.938.750.562', 'D12.776.624.664.700.185', 'D12.776.660.764'], ['D12.776.826.701', 'D12.776.930.775'], ['D12.776.826.701.250', 'D12.776.930.775.250'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D12.776.624.776']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ammonium uptake by phytoplankton regulates nitrification in the sunlit ocean.
|
Nitrification, the microbial oxidation of ammonium to nitrate, is a central part of the nitrogen cycle. In the ocean's surface layer, the process alters the distribution of inorganic nitrogen species available to phytoplankton and produces nitrous oxide. A widely held idea among oceanographers is that nitrification is inhibited by light in the ocean. However, recent evidence that the primary organisms involved in nitrification, the ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), are present and active throughout the surface ocean has challenged this idea. Here we show, through field experiments coupling molecular genetic and biogeochemical approaches, that competition for ammonium with phytoplankton is the strongest regulator of nitrification in the photic zone. During multiday experiments at high irradiance a single ecotype of AOA remained active in the presence of rapidly growing phytoplankton. Over the course of this three day experiment, variability in the intensity of competition with phytoplankton caused nitrification rates to decline from those typical of the lower photic zone (60 nmol L-1 d-1) to those in well-lit layers (<1 nmol L-1 d-1). During another set of experiments, nitrification rates exhibited a diel periodicity throughout much of the photic zone, with the highest rates occurring at night when competition with phytoplankton is lowest. Together, the results of our experiments indicate that nitrification rates in the photic zone are more strongly regulated by competition with phytoplankton for ammonium than they are by light itself. This finding advances our ability to model the impact of nitrification on estimates of new primary production, and emphasizes the need to more strongly consider the effects of organismal interactions on nutrient standing stocks and biogeochemical cycling in the surface of the ocean.
|
['Ammonium Compounds', 'Archaea', 'Nitrification', 'Nitrogen Cycle', 'Oceans and Seas', 'Phytoplankton', 'Sunlight']
| 25,251,022
|
[['D01.625.062'], ['B02'], ['G02.111.587.500', 'G02.607.560.500', 'G16.500.768.500'], ['G02.111.587', 'G02.607.560', 'G16.500.768'], ['G01.311.625', 'G16.500.275.725.500.650', 'Z01.756'], ['B05.080.500.600'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.836', 'G01.750.250.650.836', 'G01.750.770.578.836', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525', 'G16.500.750.775.525', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Endoscopic findings in Yersinia enterocolitica enterocolitis.
|
The endoscopic findings in the colon and terminal ileum in eight cases of Yersinia enterocolitica enterocolitis infection were studied. The diagnosis was based on the isolation of Y. enterocolitica in the feces and/or elevated serum antibody titers to the organism. Total colonoscopy was performed between 7 and 38 days (mean, 24 days) after the onset of symptoms. In all patients, the terminal ileum was affected, followed by frequent involvement of the ileocecal valve and the cecum, and less frequently, the ascending colon. In the terminal ileum, round or oval elevations with or without ulcers were detected. Small ulcers were detected on the ileocecal valve and in the cecum. These findings were observed even 4 to 5 weeks after the onset of symptoms, suggesting a relatively long course for this disease.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Child', 'Colon', 'Colonoscopy', 'Enterocolitis', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Ileocecal Valve', 'Ileum', 'Male', 'Yersinia Infections', 'Yersinia enterocolitica']
| 2,279,647
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A03.556.124.526.356', 'A03.556.249.249.356'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['C06.405.205.596', 'C06.405.469.363'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.249.400', 'A03.556.249.124.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.249', 'A03.556.249.124'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.980'], ['B03.440.450.425.900.300', 'B03.660.250.150.950.160']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinic-based Debridement of Chronic Ulcers Has Minimal Impact on Bacteria.
|
Outpatient-based sharp debridement is considered an important element for the care of a chronic ulcer.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the change in bacterial amounts with sharp debridement in a clinical setting.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bacterial autofluorescence, quantitative cultures, semiquantitative cultures, and qualitative speciation were performed predebridement and postdebridement during a single clinic visit.RESULTS: Thirty-six wounds were included in the analysis. The mean patient age was 62 years (range, 27-83 years), and there were 13 (36.11%) women and 23 (63.89%) men with an average body mass index of 33.8 kg/m² (range, 16.7-55.9 kg/m²). Of the 36 patients, 24 (66.67%) had type 2 diabetes and 19 (52.78%) had a prior history of lower extremity amputation. Majority of the ulcers were diabetic neuropathic (27, 75%); the most common location was on the plantar aspect of the foot (14, 41.67%) with a mean ulcer duration of 10 months (range, 1-36), mean ulcer area of 6.3 ± 12.8 cm² (range, 0.18-62.06 cm²), and mean volume of 2.2 ± 4.4 cm³ (range, 0.05-9.66 cm³). There was no statistically significant difference in bacterial autofluorescence between the predebridement (4.15 ± 8.82) and the postdebridement (4.65 ± 9.48) images (P = .32). There was a statistically significant difference in quantitative culture results between the predebridement (6.7 x 104 ± 1.4 x 106 CFU/cm²) and the postdebridement (1.7 x 104 ± 3.1 x 106 CFU/cm²) cultures (P = .04), although this is not a log reduction.CONCLUSIONS: There is no statistically significant difference between the predebridement versus postdebridement semiquantitative culture results or a detectable pattern of change for the most common bacterial species encountered. These results suggest little impact of clinic-based sharp debridement on bacteria.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Chronic Disease', 'Debridement', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Ulcer', 'Wound Healing', 'Wound Infection']
| 29,521,643
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E04.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['C23.550.891'], ['G16.762.891'], ['C01.947']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Anatomy of papilla and intra-renal reflux: microradiographic and histologic investigations (author's transl)].
|
After a group of autoptic kidneys, taken from new-born babies, had been injected via the ureter with micronised barium at various pressures, they were examined micro-radiographically and histologically in order to observe the appearance of intra-renal reflux and the anatomical structures involved. The radiological patterns, clinically observed during cysto-uretrography, were also considered. The intra-renal reflux is tubular, when injection is carried out at a low pressure, whereas at higher pressures one can observe the erosion of the fornices of the calyces and the following sino-lymphatic and/or venous drainage.
|
['Histological Techniques', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Microradiography', 'Urinary Tract Infections', 'Vesico-Ureteral Reflux']
| 398,541
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The effect of media changes on the rate of cellulose solubilisation by rumen and digester derived microbial communities.
|
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rumen fluid and leachate-based media on the ability of rumen and anaerobic digester derived microorganisms to degrade cellulose. The results demonstrated that rumen microorganisms are not capable of solubilising cellulose, or generating biomass, at an optimal rate when grown in leachate-based media when compared to the rates achieved when grown in rumen-based media. In contrast, the rate of biomass generation and cellulose solubilisation by digester microorganisms was not strongly affected by a change in media type. Several authors have theorised that cellulose degradation rates in anaerobic digesters can be increased by inoculation with rumen-derived microorganisms. The results from this study show that this approach is unlikely to be successful, because the rumen microorganisms would likely be unable to solubilise and out-compete native solid waste microorganisms for the cellulose in a foreign (leachate based) medium.
|
['Animals', 'Bioreactors', 'Cellulose', 'Culture Media', 'Refuse Disposal', 'Rumen', 'Solubility']
| 17,161,596
|
[['B01.050'], ['E07.115', 'J01.897.120.115'], ['D05.750.078.562.180', 'D09.698.365.180', 'D25.720.099.500', 'J01.637.051.720.099.500'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.700', 'N06.850.860.510.900.600'], ['A13.869.804'], ['G02.805']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Crystal structure of the MHC class I homolog MIC-A, a gammadelta T cell ligand.
|
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I homolog MIC-A functions as a stress-inducible antigen that is recognized by a subset of gammadelta T cells independent of beta2-microglobulin and bound peptides. Its crystal structure reveals a dramatically altered MHC class I fold, both in detail and overall domain organization. The only remnant of a peptide-binding groove is a small cavity formed as the result of disordering a large section of one of the groove-defining helices. Loss of beta2-microglobulin binding is due to a restructuring of the interaction interfaces. Structural mapping of sequence variation suggests potential receptor binding sites on the underside of the platform on the side opposite of the surface recognized by alphabeta T cell receptors on MHC class I-peptide complexes.
|
['Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class I', 'Humans', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Conformation', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'beta 2-Microglobulin']
| 10,367,903
|
[['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['D12.776.395.550.489', 'D12.776.543.550.439', 'D23.050.301.500.100', 'D23.050.705.552.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.124.790.223.100', 'D12.776.377.715.182.100', 'D12.776.395.550.489.100', 'D12.776.543.550.439.100', 'D23.050.301.500.100.175', 'D23.050.705.552.100.175']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Severity of somatization and its relationship to psychiatric disorders and personality.
|
Medical patients' (75 with chronic fatigue complaints, 61 with dizziness, and 88 with disabling tinnitus; N = 224) current and past psychiatric diagnoses and personality characteristics were assessed to determine if they could independently explain the number of medically unexplained physical symptoms that the patients had experienced. Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ) and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule based on DSM-III-R were used to assess the personality and psychiatric diagnoses, respectively. The results revealed that the number of lifetime medically unexplained symptoms were significantly, independently, and positively related to increasing numbers of current and past anxiety and depressive disorders and to the harm avoidance dimension of the TPQ. In a second analysis, the "worry/pessimism" and "impulsiveness" subscales were positively related to the number of medically unexplained symptoms. The results suggest that somatization is associated with current and past history of psychiatric illnesses and harm avoidance in this sample of medical patients.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Personality', 'Personality Assessment', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Somatoform Disorders', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 7,809,357
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.752'], ['F04.513'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['F03.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Taking account of quality. Discussion.
|
Another report from the Institute of Medicine in March 2001 has joined a large body of literature documenting serious quality and safety problems. Eight health care leaders discuss ways in which organizations can reduce medical errors and improve patient outcomes.
|
['Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Chief Executive Officers, Hospital', 'Humans', 'Leadership', 'Medical Errors', 'Physicians', 'Power, Psychological', 'Quality Assurance, Health Care', 'Social Responsibility', 'United States']
| 11,464,634
|
[['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['M01.526.070.490.490.100', 'M01.526.485.430.490.100', 'M01.526.485.740.380.100', 'N02.360.430.490.100', 'N02.360.740.380.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.752.609'], ['N02.421.450'], ['M01.526.485.810', 'N02.360.810'], ['F01.658.780'], ['N04.761.700', 'N05.700'], ['F01.829.500.760', 'K01.752.566.869'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Improving survival of malignant hypertension patients over 40 years.
|
BACKGROUND: To examine changing demography and survival of patients with malignant phase hypertension (MHT) over 40 years.METHODS: Patients from our MHT registry whose survival status on 31 December 2006 was known were included, with analyses conducted based on decade of MHT diagnosis.RESULTS: Four-hundred and forty-six patients with MHT (overall mean (s.d.) age 48.2 (12.9), years; 65.5% male; 64.7% white-European; 20.4% African Caribbean, and 14.8% South-Asian) were included. No significant demographic differences at diagnosis were evident over the 40 years, with the exception of a significant increase (P = 0.001) in the proportion of MHT among ethnic minorities (South-Asian and Afro-Caribbeans). There were no significant differences in mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) at presentation but baseline diastolic BP (DBP) was significantly lower after 1976 (P < 0.0001). The total number of person-years of observation was 5,725.5 years, with a median (interquartile range (IQR)) length of follow-up of 103.8 (31.3-251.2) months. Overall 203 patients (55.6%) died, 125 (32.0%) within 5 years of diagnosis. There was a significant improvement in 5-year survival from 32.0% prior to 1977 to 91.0% for patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2006. SBP and DBP improved significantly during follow-up (P < 0.0001). Multivariate analyses revealed that age, decade of MHT diagnosis, baseline creatinine, and follow-up SBP were independent predictors of survival (all P < 0.0001).CONCLUSIONS: Demography and number of new cases of MHT have not changed dramatically over the past 40 years. Five-year post-MHT survival has improved significantly, possibly related to lower BP targets, tighter BP control, and availability of new classes of antihypertensive drugs.
|
['Adult', 'African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Demography', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Female', 'Forecasting', 'Humans', 'Hypertension, Malignant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regression Analysis']
| 19,696,746
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['I01.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489.330'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anesthesia for foreign bodies in the tracheo-bronchial tree in children.
|
The authors present the anesthetic and ventilation techniques, used in 106 children, who were suspected of foreign body aspiration in the respiratory tract. In 62 children a foreign body was found. The youngest child was 8 months old and the oldest 13 years, with an age distribution peak in the 1 to 2 years age group. A predominance for the male sex (60%) was present. Foreign bodies of organic nature were found most frequently (80%), 39 of them consisting of peanuts. The bronchi were involved more often than the trachea and the foreign body was located more frequently at the right bronchus (38 pt). The children were ventilated initially with an intermittent oxygen jet injection technique, using a home made apparatus, but since 1978 with HFPPV, using the AGA Bronchovent. Induction of anesthesia was done with halothane and maintenance with etomidate infusion (10-20 micrograms/kg/min.) or thiopental increments (2 to 3 mg/kg). The technique so far used, proved to be satisfactory, specially since HFPPV is used. Few complications occurred. One child died during the bronchoscopic procedure and in an other child a tracheostomy had to be performed for extraction of the foreign body.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anesthesia, Inhalation', 'Bronchi', 'Bronchoscopy', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Foreign Bodies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Positive-Pressure Respiration', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Trachea']
| 3,904,303
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['E03.155.197.197'], ['A04.411.125'], ['E01.370.386.105', 'E01.370.388.250.100', 'E04.502.250.100', 'E04.928.600.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['C26.392'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['E02.041.625.790', 'E02.880.820.790'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A04.889']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Seasonal climatic variations influence the efficacy of predatory mites used for control of western flower thrips in greenhouse ornamental crops.
|
The influence of seasonal greenhouse climate on the efficacy of predatory mites for thrips control was determined for potted chrysanthemum. Trials in controlled environment chambers, small-scale greenhouses and commercial greenhouses were conducted to determine which biological control agent-that is, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot or Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans)-is more efficacious for control of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), in different seasons. Under simulated summer conditions, no differences were observed in the predation and oviposition rates of both predatory mites in the laboratory trials. However, small-scale greenhouse trials showed that A. swirskii performed better than N. cucumeris in summer (i.e., more efficacious thrips control, higher predator abundance and less overall damage to the crop). Under simulated winter conditions, laboratory trials demonstrated variable differences in predation rates of the two predatory mites. The small-scale greenhouse trials in winter showed no differences in thrips control and predatory mite abundance between the two predatory mites, but plants with A. swirskii had less damage overall. The results from the small-scale trials were validated and confirmed in commercial greenhouse trials. Overall, A. swirskii performed better in the summer and equally good or better (less damage overall) under winter conditions, whereas N. cucumeris is a more cost effective biological control agent for winter months.
|
['Agriculture', 'Animals', 'Climate', 'Flowers', 'Mites', 'Pest Control, Biological', 'Predatory Behavior', 'Seasons', 'Species Specificity', 'Thysanoptera']
| 25,408,478
|
[['J01.040'], ['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.071', 'N06.230.300.100.250'], ['A18.024.249.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.166.132.419'], ['N06.850.780.200.650.650'], ['F01.145.113.111.600', 'F01.145.113.252.520'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['G16.824'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.800']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Lack of association between scleroderma and types I and III procollagen gene restriction fragment length polymorphisms.
|
Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) in types I and III procollagen genes were studied in 62 scleroderma patients and 138 healthy controls. Allelic frequencies were determined for each RFLP, and comparisons were made between the 2 populations, stratifying them by race when appropriate. No statistically significant differences were observed for the frequencies of any of the RFLPs studied.
|
['African Continental Ancestry Group', 'Alleles', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'Genes', 'Humans', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length', 'Procollagen', 'Scleroderma, Systemic']
| 2,574,578
|
[['M01.686.508.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795.595'], ['D12.776.811.690', 'D12.776.860.300.250.600'], ['C17.300.799', 'C17.800.784']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Compensation of gradient related effects when using capillary liquid chromatography and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for the absolute quantification of phosphorylated peptides.
|
The application of reversed phase liquid chromatography (RP-LC) hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for the accurate quantification of bio-molecules via covalently bound hetero atoms such as phosphorus is restricted, due to the known effects of increasing amounts of organic solvents on the ionization behavior of certain elements. An approach for the compensation of variations in the elemental response, due to changes in the solvent composition during the RP gradient separation of phosphorylated peptides is described, which includes the application of a second, matched reversed gradient, that is mixed post-column with the RP column outflow before entering the LC-ICP-MS interface. The experimental design allows the application of gradient separations, while the element-specific detection is carried out under isocratic conditions with a constant organic solvent intake into the plasma. A constant elemental response is a general pre-requisite for the application of ICP-MS for the absolute quantification of peptides via their hetero atom content, especially when no corresponding high purity standards are available or natural mono-isotopic hetero element tags are utilized. As complementary technique LC-electrospray ionization linear ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI-QTRAP-MS) has been used for peptide identification and to elucidate their phosphorus stoichiometry. Highly reproducible separations have been obtained with retention time and peak area RSDs of 0.05% and 7.6% (n=6), respectively. Detection limits for phosphorus of 6 microg L(-1) (6 pg absolute), have been realized, which corresponds to approximately 200 fmol of an average molecular weight, singly phosphorylated peptide. In addition an automatic routine for flow injection analysis (FIA) at the end of each chromatographic separation has been developed, to calibrate each chromatographic separation, which allows absolute quantification of the separated species, whenever their tag stoichiometry is known. Phosphorylated peptides as well as tryptic protein digests have been used as model compounds for method development and to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed setup for phosphopeptide quantification on the basis of simple inorganic phosphorus standards.
|
['Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Phosphopeptides']
| 19,709,666
|
[['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['E05.196.566'], ['D12.644.717']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Chest physicians' knowledge of appropriate thromboprophylaxis: insights from the PROMOTE study.
|
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of in-hospital mortality. Several international guidelines provide thromboprophylaxis recommendations; however, guidelines adherence is missing worldwide. We evaluated the chest physicians' knowledge regarding VTE prophylaxis, using a systematically developed questionnaire. The Prophylaxis-foR-venOus-throMbOembolism-assessmenT-questionnairE (PROMOTE) questionnaire was developed using an algorithm encompassing the most important VTE prophylaxis topics and included 13 clinical scenarios. Responses were evaluated with reference to the eighth edition of American College of Chest Physicians guidelines for VTE prevention to assess thromboprophylaxis appropriateness. The questionnaires were distributed during the fourth International Congress on Pulmonary Disease, Intensive Care and Tuberculosis. From the 88 received questionnaires (response rate: 39.8%), 82 were acceptable (62 men, 20 women). The most commonly cited VTE risk factors were immobility (79.2%), surgery (68.2%), and cancer (60.9%). The mean correct response ratio to the questions was 67% [95% confidence interval (CI) 64-70%] with highest appropriateness ratios amongst cardiologists (77.1 ± 5.8%) and lowest ratios among thoracic surgeons (59.2 ± 5%). Physicians' specialty had a significant effect on the overall appropriateness (P = 0.04) and most of appropriateness subcategories. Thoracic surgeons had the lowest rate of over-prophylaxis (P = 0.02). Years passed from graduation were inversely associated with overall appropriateness (P = 0.006). Physicians with academic engagements had a higher overall appropriateness (P = 0.04). We found a wide gap between the guideline recommendations and the responses. PROMOTE is the first systematically developed questionnaire that addresses chest physicians' thromboprophylaxis knowledge and could be useful to strategies to improve VTE prophylaxis. Because of the dissimilar prophylaxis pitfalls of different specialists, distinct educational programs seem necessary to improve their knowledge of proper VTE prophylaxis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Algorithms', 'Anticoagulants', 'Disease Management', 'Female', 'Guideline Adherence', 'Humans', 'Immobilization', 'Internal Medicine', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasms', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic', 'Risk Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Thoracoscopy', 'Venous Thromboembolism']
| 21,986,466
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['D27.505.954.502.119'], ['N04.590.607'], ['N04.761.337', 'N05.715.360.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.472'], ['H02.403.429'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['E01.370.388.250.840', 'E04.502.250.840', 'E04.928.752'], ['C14.907.355.590.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Methodological considerations to determine the effect of exercise on brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels.
|
OBJECTIVES: Physical exercise up-regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain and blood. However, there is yet no consensus about the adequate blood processing conditions to standardize its assessment. We aimed to find a reliable blood sample processing method to determine changes in BDNF due to exercise.DESIGN AND METHODS: Twelve healthy university students performed an incremental cycling test to exhaustion. At baseline, immediately after exercise, and 30 and 60 min of recovery, venous blood was drawn and processed under different conditions, i.e. whole blood, serum coagulated for 10 min and 24 h, total plasma, and platelet-free plasma. BDNF concentration was measured by ELISA.RESULTS: Exercise increased BDNF in whole blood and in serum coagulated for 24 h when corrected by hemoconcentration. We did not find effects of exercise on BDNF in serum coagulated for 10 min or in plasma samples. Plasma shows heterogeneous BDNF values in response to exercise that are not prevented when platelets are eliminated while homogeneous BDNF levels were found in whole blood or serum coagulated for 24 hour samples.CONCLUSIONS: In exercise studies, BDNF levels should be adjusted by hemoconcentration. Our data highlight the importance of blood sample selection since the differences between each one affect significantly the BDNF factor changes due to exercise.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Specimen Collection', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Exercise', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Serum', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 25,464,018
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.998.110', 'E04.665.150', 'E05.200.998.110'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['G03.295'], ['G11.427.410.698.277', 'I03.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A12.207.152.846', 'A15.145.846'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Production of transgenic mice from DNA-injected embryos cryopreserved by vitrification in microdrops.
|
Transgenic mice were produced from DNA-injected embryos stored for 2 to 30 days in liquid nitrogen. Of the 500 zygotes collected from (C57BL/6 x CBA)F1 mice, 363 (73%) survived DNA injection into pronuclei and 246 (82%) morphologically normal 4- and 8-cell embryos were flushed from temporary recipients 48 h later. Of the 200 DNA-injected 8-cell embryos cryopreserved by vitrification in microdrops, 194 (97%) were recovered and 188 (94%) embryos were intact one hour after thawing. Of the 50 DNA-injected and frozen/thawed embryos, 48 (96%) developed to morulae or blastocysts within 30 h of in vitro culture. Transfer of 100 DNA-injected and cryopreserved 8-cell embryos into 20 day-1 recipients resulted in 47 young born. Two mice were transgenic.
|
['Animals', 'Cryopreservation', 'DNA', 'Embryo Transfer', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Erythropoietin', 'Gene Expression', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Inbred CBA', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Microinjections', 'Survival Rate', 'Transfection']
| 1,597,250
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['D13.444.308'], ['E02.875.800.500', 'E05.820.800.500'], ['A16.254'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.150', 'D12.776.395.240.150', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.150', 'D23.529.374.410.240.150'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.440', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.440'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['E02.319.267.530.690', 'E05.591.570'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Aging--a potential pitfall of continent urinary diversions.
|
We report three cases of patients with Kock-pouches, who developed late complications related to old age. Based on these findings, the fate of aging patients with continent urinary diversions is discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Aging', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Quality of Life', 'Self Care', 'Urinary Bladder Neoplasms', 'Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic', 'Urinary Catheterization', 'Urinary Reservoirs, Continent']
| 8,908,657
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E02.900', 'I03.050.563', 'N02.421.784.680'], ['C04.588.945.947.960', 'C12.758.820.968', 'C12.777.829.813', 'C13.351.937.820.945', 'C13.351.968.829.707'], ['C10.597.900', 'C12.777.829.839', 'C13.351.968.829.760', 'C23.888.592.900'], ['E01.370.390.820', 'E02.148.947', 'E05.157.500'], ['A10.850.750', 'E07.862.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Long-term outcome of bifurcation stenting with drug-eluting stents.
|
There are little long-term clinical data regarding the safety and efficacy of using 2 drug-eluting stents (DESs) to treat coronary bifurcation lesions. We obtained clinical follow-up for 124 consecutive patients who underwent bifurcation stenting with 2 DESs. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were defined as cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and target vessel revascularization (TVR). Sixty-four (52%) patients underwent ''crush,'' 42 (34%) patients underwent T stent, and 18 (14%) patients underwent kissing stent. Major adverse cardiac events were observed in 19 patients (17%) at 1 year: 6 (5%) AMI, 13 (12%) TVR, and no deaths, and 29 patients (26 %) at a mean follow-up of 22 months: 7 (6%) AMI, 21 (19%) TVR, and 1 (1%) death. No statistically significant risk factors for long-term MACEs were identified. It appears that treating bifurcation lesions with 2 DESs when necessary can be performed with an acceptable MACE rate.
|
['Aged', 'Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Coronary Angiography', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Coronary Stenosis', 'Drug-Eluting Stents', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prosthesis Design', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 20,529,974
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['E01.370.350.130.625', 'E01.370.350.700.060.200', 'E01.370.370.050.200', 'E01.370.370.380.200'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['C14.280.647.250.285', 'C14.907.585.250.285'], ['E07.695.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.320.550', 'E07.695.680'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Predominant phage types of coagulase positive staphylococci in hospital infections.
|
360 strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from various clinical specimens were subjected to bacteriophage typing. 247(68.6%) strains were typable. Among the typable strains 75(20.83%) belonged to phage group I, 45(12.5%) belonged to phage group III, 6(1.67%) belonged to phage group II and 14(3.89%) strains belonged to miscellaneous group. By far, the largest was the mixed group having 107(29.72%) strains. 113 strains (31.4%) were untypable. All the strains were tested for antibiotic sensitivity test. 287 (79.7%) were multiple drug resistant strains.
|
['Bacteriophage Typing', 'Coagulase', 'Cross Infection', 'Humans', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Staphylococcus Phages', 'Staphylococcus aureus']
| 10,798,018
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150.125.150', 'E05.200.875.150.125.150'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.174', 'D12.776.097.181'], ['C01.248', 'C23.550.291.875.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['B04.123.831'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Darwin and the neural bases of emotion and affective style.
|
This article presents an overview of ways to think about the brain and emotion and consider the role of evolution and expression in shaping the neural circuitry of affective processing. Issues pertaining to whether there are separate unique neural modules hard-wired for emotion processing or whether affective processing uses more generalized circuitry are considered. Relations between affect and cognition--specifically, memory--are examined from the perspective of overlapping neural systems. The role of individual differences in neural function in affective style are discussed, and the concepts of affective chronometry, or the time course of emotional responding and emotion regulation, are introduced. Finally, the extent to which certain emotional traits can be viewed as trainable skills is considered, and the relevance of work on neural plasticity to the skill framework is addressed. Data from a variety of sources using different types of measures is brought to bear on these questions, including neuroimaging and psychophysiological measures, studies of individuals of different ages ranging from early childhood to old age, studies of nonhuman primates, and observations of patients with localized brain damage. Emotions are viewed as varying in both type and dimension. Honoring brain circuitry in parsing the domain of affects will result in distinctions and differentiations that are not currently incorporated in traditional classification schemes.
|
['Affect', 'Amygdala', 'Biological Evolution', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Humans', 'Neurons', 'Prefrontal Cortex', 'Receptors, Serotonin']
| 14,766,646
|
[['F01.470.047'], ['A08.186.211.180.090', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.249.152'], ['G05.045', 'G16.075'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.270.700'], ['D12.776.543.750.670.800', 'D12.776.543.750.695.800', 'D12.776.543.750.720.850']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Diagnostic Validity of Citric Acid-Free, High Dose (13)C-Urea Breath Test After Helicobacter pylori Eradication in Korea.
|
BACKGROUND: The (13)C-urea breath test ((13)C-UBT) is a noninvasive method for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The aims of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic validity of the (13)C-UBT cutoff value and to identify influencing clinical factors responsible for aberrant results.METHODS: (13)C-UBT (UBiTkit; Otsuka Pharmaceutical, cutoff value: 2.5‰) results in the range 2.0‰ to 10.0‰ after H. pylori eradication therapy were compared with the results of endoscopic biopsy results of the antrum and body. Factors considered to affect test results adversely were analyzed.RESULTS: Among patients with a positive (13)C-UBT result (2.5‰ to 10.0‰, n = 223) or a negative (13)C-UBT result (2.0‰ to < 2.5‰, n = 66) after H. pylori eradication, 73 patients (34.0%) were false positive, and one (1.5%) was false negative as determined by endoscopic biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, false-positive rate, and false-negative rate for a cutoff value of 2.5‰ were 99.3%, 47.1%, 52.9%, and 0.7%, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of the (13)C-UBT were 67.3% and 98.5%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that a history of two or more previous H. pylori eradication therapies (OR = 2.455, 95%CI = 1.299-4.641) and moderate to severe gastric intestinal metaplasia (OR = 3.359, 95%CI = 1.572-7.178) were associated with a false-positive (13)C-UBT result.CONCLUSION: The (13)C-UBT cutoff value currently used has poor specificity for confirming H. pylori status after eradication, and this lack of specificity is exacerbated in patients that have undergone multiple prior eradication therapies and in patients with moderate to severe gastric intestinal metaplasia. In addition, the citric-free (13)C-UBT would increase a false-positive (13)C-UBT result.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biopsy', 'Breath Tests', 'Carbon Isotopes', 'Citric Acid', 'Endoscopy', 'False Positive Reactions', 'Female', 'Helicobacter Infections', 'Helicobacter pylori', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Republic of Korea', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Urea', 'Young Adult']
| 25,640,474
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['E01.370.100'], ['D01.268.150.075', 'D01.496.123'], ['D02.241.081.901.434.249'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['E01.354.506'], ['C01.150.252.400.466'], ['B03.440.500.550', 'B03.660.150.235.500.250.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.252.474.557.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['D02.065.950'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Immunomodulatory effects of NIM-76, a volatile fraction from Neem oil.
|
The immunomodulatory properties of NIM-76 have been described in this paper. Pre-treatment of rats with a single i.p. injection of NIM-76 resulted in an increase in polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes with a concomitant decrease in lymphocyte counts. The immunomodulatory activity of NIM-76 was found to be concentration-dependent. At 120 mg/kg body weight, there was an enhanced macrophage activity and lymphocyte proliferation response, while the humoral component of immunity was unaffected. At higher concentrations of NIM-76 (300 mg/kg body weight), there was a stimulation of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation, while macrophage activity remained unaffected. However, a fall in primary and secondary antibody titres was observed. The study indicates that NIM-76 acts through cell-mediated mechanisms by activating macrophages and lymphocytes.
|
['Adjuvants, Immunologic', 'Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Erythrocytes', 'Glycerides', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocyte Count', 'Macrophage Activation', 'Male', 'Neutrophils', 'Oils, Volatile', 'Phagocytosis', 'Plant Oils', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Sheep', 'Terpenes']
| 9,032,626
|
[['D27.505.696.477.067'], ['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['D10.351'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.595.500', 'E01.370.225.625.107.595.500', 'E05.200.500.195.107.595.500', 'E05.200.625.107.595.500', 'E05.242.195.107.595.500', 'G04.140.107.595.500', 'G09.188.105.595.500'], ['G12.287.500'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['D10.627.675'], ['G04.417.350', 'G09.188.665', 'G12.450.564.809', 'G12.688'], ['D10.627.700', 'D20.215.784.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D02.455.849']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patients' Illness Perception as a Tool to Improve Individual Disease Management in Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas.
|
The Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R) has been shown to assess illness perception reproducibly in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Illness perception reflects patients' individual concepts of understanding and interpretation of the disease, influencing illness behaviour and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study investigated the clinical relevance of the relationships between illness perception, illness behaviour, and HRQOL in CTCL and cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCL). A total of 92 patients completed the IPQ-R, the Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behavior (SAIB), and a skin-specific HRQOL tool (Skindex-29). Data on illness behaviour were not evidently related to illness perception, whereas illness perception was significantly associated with HRQOL. Both, IPQ-R and HRQOL results correlated with disease entity, stage, and socio-demographics. Only IPQ-R results provided practical information on patients' needs to train personal coping strategies. IPQ-R assessment in CTCL and CBCL might be a useful instrument to improve individual disease management.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cost of Illness', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Humans', 'Illness Behavior', 'Lymphoma, B-Cell', 'Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patients', 'Perception', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Prognosis', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 29,048,099
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['N03.219.151.165', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.182', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.046'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.499'], ['C04.557.386.480.150', 'C15.604.515.569.480.150', 'C20.683.515.761.480.150'], ['C04.557.386.480.750.800', 'C15.604.515.569.480.750.800', 'C20.683.515.761.480.750.800'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['M01.643'], ['F02.463.593'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E01.789'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cohort differences in exercise adherence among primary care patients referred for mental health versus physical health conditions.
|
Aim To compare the characteristics of mental health and physical health participants attending an exercise referral scheme (ERS) and investigate associations with their adherence to exercise.BACKGROUND: While people referred to an ERS with a mental health diagnosis have similar initial rates of uptake as physical health participants, they are more likely to drop out. Comparisons of the groups to understand their differences and how these might impact on their adherence have been limited by the typically low numbers of mental health referrals in many schemes.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a participant cohort. Data were extracted on all participants enrolled over a 12- month period (n = 701) and included measurements at baseline, mid-point (13 weeks) and end of programme (20-26 weeks). Differences were explored between the mental health (n=141) and physical health (n=560) subcohorts, and between adherers and non-adherers in each group. Binomial logistic regression estimated the effect of group-level factors associated with adherence. Findings Mental health referrals were more likely to be younger, White and unemployed, and had a lower mean body mass index and lower proportion of participants with high blood pressure. They were also more likely to drop out. While occupation was associated with exercise adherence among the physical health group, no predictive factors were identified in the mental health group.CONCLUSION: Participants referred for mental health disorders are more likely to drop out of exercise referral schemes than those with physical health problems. While no factors were found to be predictive of their exercise adherence, an understanding of their distinguishing characteristics and attendance behaviour can guide in making better referral decisions concerning them and planning more appropriately tailored support.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Exercise Therapy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Disorders', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Compliance', 'Primary Health Care', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 28,653,595
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E02.760.169.063.500.387', 'E02.779.483', 'E02.831.535.483'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['N04.590.233.727'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Detection of human endogenous retrovirus type K-specific transcripts in testicular parenchyma and testicular germ cell tumors of adolescents and adults: clinical and biological implications.
|
Testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) of adolescents and adults have been shown to contain proteins of the human endogenous retrovirus type K family. In a recent study, expression of these retroviral sequences was confirmed using in situ hybridization, which also showed expression in carcinoma in situ, the precursor of all TGCTs. Because of the clinical significance of a test for early diagnosis of TGCTs, we studied whether expression of human endogenous retrovirus type K genes could be an informative parameter. Therefore, we investigated TGCTs of various histologies and testicular parenchyma with and without carcinoma in situ using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for expression of the gag, env, and prt genes. The gag and prt genes were expressed in all samples tested. The env transcripts were not found in TGCTs showing somatic differentiation only but could be detected in most normal testicular parenchyma samples. Therefore, detection of human endogenous retrovirus type K transcripts cannot be used for early diagnosis of TGCTs. Simultaneous expression of multiple gag sequences was found both in normal parenchyma and TGCTs, and we demonstrated that expression of gag sequences with an extra G, necessary to generate a functional protein, was not limited to TGCTs.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Base Sequence', 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'DNA Primers', 'DNA, Viral', 'Endogenous Retroviruses', 'Genes, env', 'Genes, gag', 'Germinoma', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Metalloendopeptidases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Testicular Neoplasms', 'Testis', 'Viral Envelope Proteins']
| 9,777,959
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.097'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['C04.557.470.200.240'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['B04.613.807.250', 'B04.820.650.250', 'G02.111.570.080.708.330.800.175', 'G05.360.080.708.330.800.175', 'G05.360.340.024.425.800.175'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875.172', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875.172', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500.172'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.875.258', 'G05.360.340.358.024.875.258', 'G05.360.340.358.840.500.258'], ['C04.557.465.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['C04.588.322.762', 'C04.588.945.440.915', 'C12.294.260.937', 'C12.758.409.937', 'C19.344.762', 'C19.391.829.782'], ['A05.360.444.849', 'A05.360.576.782', 'A06.300.312.782'], ['D09.400.430.968', 'D12.776.395.550.993', 'D12.776.543.550.993', 'D12.776.964.970.880']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Involvement of phospholipase D in caerulein-induced phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis in rat pancreatic acini.
|
Phosphatidylcholine (PC) metabolism stimulated by caerulein (Cae), a cholecystokinin analogue, was investigated in rat pancreatic acini prelabeled with [3H]choline or [3H]-myristic acid. Both labels were incorporated mostly into PC. An inhibition of choline incorporation into PC was first observed in response to Cae (100 and 500 pM) stimulation, as indicated by reduced [3H]choline incorporation into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material. Whereas choline incorporation was reduced in PC, Cae (500 pM) significantly increased [3H]choline metabolites release in the incubation medium. Separation of these metabolites by thin-layer chromatography showed that approximately 90% of the labeled products released into the medium was phosphocholine; however, Cae caused significant increases of [3H]choline release after 5, 15, and 30 min. In response to Cae, manoalide, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, totally prevented phosphocholine release into the medium but did not affect choline release. Staurosporine, a protein kinase C inhibitor, did not influence basal and Cae-induced choline release. In cells prelabeled with [3H]myristic acid, Cae stimulated within 5 min a rapid increase in intracellular [3H]phosphatidic acid (PA) levels in the presence of the PA phosphohydrolase inhibitor, propranolol; this PA production was further increased after 15 and 30 min of stimulation. The time course of [3H]PA formation in the presence of propranolol was similar to that of choline release in the medium. Staurosporine partially blocked PA accumulation stimulated by Cae after 30 min. In contrast, manoalide significantly reduced basal PA accumulation but did not prevent its production in response to Cae. In the presence of ethanol, Cae also significantly stimulated above control values the formation of [3H]phosphatidylethanol. These data indicate that Cae-induced PC hydrolysis in rat pancreatic acini is mediated mostly by phospholipase D (PLD) to produce PA and choline; they suggest a direct action of Cae on PLD activation, an effect independent of PLC activation.
|
['Animals', 'Ceruletide', 'Choline', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Glycerophospholipids', 'Hydrolysis', 'Pancreas', 'Phosphatidic Acids', 'Phosphatidylcholines', 'Phospholipase D', 'Phospholipids', 'Rats']
| 8,238,356
|
[['B01.050'], ['D12.644.456.241'], ['D02.033.100.291.211', 'D02.092.063.291.211', 'D02.092.877.883.333', 'D02.675.276.232'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400'], ['G02.380'], ['A03.734'], ['D10.570.755.375.760'], ['D10.570.755.375.760.400.800'], ['D08.811.277.352.640.700.710'], ['D10.570.755'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel anatomical ceramic root canal simulator for endodontic training.
|
INTRODUCTION: Endodontic therapy is often complicated and technically demanding. The aim of this study was to develop a reproducible biomimetic root canal model for pre-clinical and postgraduate endodontic training.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A specific ceramic shaping technique (3D printing and slip casting of a root canal mould) was developed to reproduce canal systems with the desired shape and complexity using a microporous hydroxyapatite (HAp)-based matrix. The microstructural morphology, pore size and porosity, as well as the Vickers microhardness of the ceramic simulators (CS) were assessed and were compared with natural dentin and commercial resin blocks. The reproducibility of the root canal shapes was assessed using the Dice-S?rensen similarity index. Endodontic treatments, from refitting the access cavity to obturation, were performed on the CS. Each step was controlled by radiography.RESULTS: Many properties of the CS were similar to those of natural dental roots, including the mineral component (HAp), porosity (20%, porous CS), pore size (3.4 ± 2.6 ìm) and hardness (120.3 ± 18.4 HV).DISCUSSION: We showed that it is possible to reproduce the radio-opacity of a tooth and variations in root canal morphology. The endodontic treatments confirmed that the CS provided good tactile sensation during instrumentation and displayed suitable radiological behaviour.CONCLUSIONS: This novel anatomic root canal simulator is well suited for training undergraduate and postgraduate students in endodontic procedures.
|
['Ceramics', 'Dental Pulp Cavity', 'Endodontics', 'Models, Anatomic', 'Printing, Three-Dimensional', 'Simulation Training']
| 27,146,633
|
[['J01.637.153'], ['A14.549.167.900.265'], ['E06.397', 'H02.163.876.213'], ['J01.897.280.500.545.129', 'L01.178.820.090.545.129'], ['J01.897.564', 'L01.224.108.150.500', 'L01.296.110.150.500'], ['I02.903.847']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Determination of deoxynivalenol in wheat, barley, and malt by column cleanup and gas chromatography with electron capture detection.
|
A rapid and reliable method to determine deoxynivalenol (DON) in wheat, barley, and malt is described. Samples are extracted with acetonitrile-water (84 + 16). Extracts are eluted through a C18-alumina (1 + 3) column, evaporated to dryness, and derivatized with trimethylsilylimidazole-trimethylchlorosilane (100 + 1). DON is identified and quantitated by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection. This method can quantitate DON levels from 0.2 to 40 ppm. Multiple analyses of wheat spiked at 2 ppm and of naturally contaminated wheat, malt, and barley resulted in coefficients of variation of 5.1, 5.1, 6.0, and 9.8%, respectively. Recoveries of DON spikes at 3 levels were 94-100% for wheat, 100-105% for barley, and 100-105% for malt. Results for wheat sample analyzed with this procedure (1.9 +/- 0.1 ppm DON) compared well with results for the same sample analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (1.9 ppm DON) and by liquid chromatography (1.7 ppm DON).
|
['Chromatography, Gas', 'Edible Grain', 'Food Analysis', 'Food Contamination', 'Hordeum', 'Trichothecenes', 'Triticum']
| 8,920,135
|
[['E05.196.181.349'], ['A18.024.500.750.500', 'B01.650.160.250', 'B01.650.510.250', 'G07.203.300.300.550', 'G07.203.300.775.500', 'J02.500.300.550', 'J02.500.775.500'], ['E05.362', 'J01.576.423.850.100'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['D02.455.849.765.850', 'D04.345.891', 'D23.946.587.933'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Improved matrix inversion in image plane parallel MRI.
|
A new 3D parallel magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method named Generalized Unaliasing Incorporating Support constraint and sensitivity Encoding (GUISE) is presented. GUISE allows direct image recovery from arbitrary Cartesian k-space trajectories. However, periodic k-space sampling patterns are considered for reconstruction efficiency. Image recovery methods such as 2D SENSE (SENSitivity Encoding) and 2D CAIPIRINHA (Controlled Aliasing In Parallel Imaging Results IN Higher Acceleration) are special instances of GUISE where specific restrictions are placed on the k-space sampling patterns used. It is shown that the sampling pattern has large impacts on the image reconstruction error due to noise. An efficient sampling pattern design method that incorporates prior knowledge of object support and coil sensitivity profile is proposed. It requires no experimental trials and could be used in clinical imaging. Comparison of the proposed sampling pattern design method with 2D SENSE and 2D CAIPIRINHA are made based on both simulation and experiment results. It is seen that this new adaptive sampling pattern design method results in a lower noise level in reconstructions due to better exploitation of the coil sensitivity variation and object support constraint. In addition, elimination of the non-object region from reconstruction potentially allows an acceleration factor higher than the number of receiver coils used.
|
['Algorithms', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 19,269,768
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Quantitative outcome of registration methods for correcting cardiac drift in cardiac PET/CT imaging.
|
Myocardial perfusion studies suffer from artifacts caused by misalignment of the transmission and emission data due to the influences of voluntary and involuntary patient motion. Regardless of 68Ge or respiratory-averaged CT based attenuation correction and good patient cooperation, approximately 21% of perfusion studies exhibit artifacts arising from misalignment that cannot be corrected by manipulating the attenuation acquisition protocol. This misalignment, termed cardiac drift, is caused by slow-moving abdominal cavity contents that reposition the heart in the thorax and appear as myocardial uptake overlying the left CT lung in fused PET/CT images. This study evaluates three postimaging registration techniques to correct PET/CT misalignment by altering the transmission map to match myo-cardial uptake. Simulated misalignment studies were performed with a cardiac torso phantom filled with [18F]FDG at 10:1 myocardium/background. An air-filled saline bag affixed to the medial left lung surface served as a distensible lung. An initial CT acquisition was followed by successive PET acquisitions consisting of small displacements of the cardiac insert into the left lung. Phantom transmission scans were aligned to the myocardial uptake in the emission scans by applying 1) full rigid-body translations and rotations, 2) rigid-body restricted to medial / lateral and superior / inferior translation, or 3) an emission-driven method that adds myocardial tissue to the transmission scan. These methods were also applied to 10 low-likelihood coronary artery disease (CAD) patients showing signs of cardiac drift. Full rigid-body registration showed significant over-correction (p < 0.004) of activity concentrations in the artifact areas of the phantom data due the relocation of highly attenuating structures (i.e., spine). Inaccurate regional activity distributions were also observed as streaks extending from the spine and these results were replicated in the patient population. There was no significant difference between the true phantom activity concentration after correction with the emission-driven method. Misalignment corrected with the rigid-body registration results in an increase in activity concentration but fails to accurately recover the true concentration. These data suggest that a nonlinear image registration approach such as an emission-driven method results in a more uniform activity distribution throughout the myocardium, and is more appropriate for addressing the cardiac drift misalignment problem.
|
['Algorithms', 'Artifacts', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Heart', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Movement', 'Patient Positioning', 'Phantoms, Imaging', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Respiratory Mechanics']
| 27,074,462
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.047'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['A07.541'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['E02.760.670', 'N02.421.585.700'], ['E07.671'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['G09.772.705.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of pindolol in hastening response to fluoxetine in the treatment of major depression: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
|
OBJECTIVE: In two preliminary studies, pindolol produced robust results in hastening clinical response to antidepressant drugs in depressed patients. Validity of those pilot studies was limited by use of an open-label, unblinded study design, and so the authors conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of pindolol in hastening response to fluoxetine.METHOD: Drug-free outpatients with major depression were concurrently treated with fluoxetine (20 mg/day) and either placebo or pindolol (5.0 mg b.i.d. or 2.5 mg t.i.d.), for 6 weeks, in a randomized, double-blind manner. After 6 weeks, all patients received fluoxetine and placebo and were followed for 3 further weeks in a single-blind manner.RESULTS: Forty-three patients completed at least 1 week of the protocol. Rates of partial remission after 2 weeks of treatment with fluoxetine and either pindolol or placebo were 17% (four of 23 patients) and 20% (four of 20 patients), respectively. At study completion, 65% of the patients (N = 28) demonstrated at least a partial remission, and there was no difference between treatment groups. The pindolol group, but not the placebo group, demonstrated significant reductions in blood pressure and pulse rate. The average time to remission and the rates of attrition, overall response, and side effects were similar in the two groups.CONCLUSIONS: These findings do not support the efficacy of pindolol in hastening clinical response in patients treated with fluoxetine.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Ambulatory Care', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Interactions', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Fluoxetine', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pindolol', 'Placebos', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 8,988,956
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['F03.600.300'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E02.319.310'], ['D02.092.831.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.699', 'D02.033.755.624.698.699', 'D02.092.063.624.698.699'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Changes in contents of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca, Mg in serum, urine and blister fluid after burn injury].
|
106 burned patients were divided into two groups: group L consisted of 57 patients with burns larger than 30% TBSA, and group S consisted of 49 patients with burns smaller than 30% TBSA. The contents of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca, Mg in serum, urine and blister fluid were determined on 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after burn injury. The results indicated that all of the elements in serum were decreased except serum Fe on first day, and the levels were much lower in group L than in group S. The contents of Zn, Cu, Fe in urine were increased significantly and Ca, Mg in urine decreased. The contents of Zn, Fe, Ca in blister fluid were similar to normal values of serum, and Cu, Mg in blister fluid were less than that of serum. The studies indicated that the decrease in contents of Zn, Cu, Fe, Ca, Mg after burn injury was propably related to loss of these elements from urine and wound.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Blister', 'Burns', 'Calcium', 'Copper', 'Exudates and Transudates', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Zinc']
| 10,451,999
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C17.800.865.187', 'C23.300.122'], ['C26.200'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['A12.383'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Palatability and intake relationships in free-living humans. characterization and independence of influence in North Americans.
|
In order to investigate palatability influences on the ad lib eating behavior of free-living humans, 564 participants were paid to maintain food intake diaries for 7 days. They recorded their intake along with a global rating of the palatability of the entire meal on a seven-point scale. It was found that most meals that are self-selected are palatable and that only 9.3% are rated as unpalatable. Meals that were highest in palatability were 44% larger than meals that were low in palatability, but palatability only accounted for around 4% of the variance in meal sizes. Multiple regression demonstrated that palatability appears to act on intake independent of the levels of other influential factors. These results were very similar to those observed for the French and suggest that palatability operates similarly on intake regardless of culture. Palatability appears to be an influence on the amounts ingested by free-living humans in their natural environments but appears to be only one of many influential factors and accounts for only a small proportion of the variance in intake.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Diet', 'Dietary Carbohydrates', 'Dietary Fats', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Eating', 'Feeding Behavior', 'Female', 'Food Preferences', 'Humans', 'Hunger', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'North America', 'Regression Analysis']
| 11,006,433
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D09.301', 'G07.203.300.362', 'J02.500.362'], ['D10.212.302', 'G07.203.300.375', 'J02.500.375'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['F01.145.113.547', 'F01.145.407', 'G07.203.650.353'], ['F01.145.407.516', 'G07.203.650.353.516'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658.293.391', 'G07.203.650.390', 'G10.261.390'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Diminished reactive hyperemia in the skin of critically ill patients.
|
Reactive hyperemia (RH) in the forearm skin after an arterial occlusion of 5 min was investigated in 29 ICU patients and 17 age-matched healthy control subjects using a transcutaneous PO2/PCO2 electrode heated to 37 degrees C. There was no difference in preocclusive baseline PtCO2 between patients (8 +/- 5 torr) and control subjects (8 +/- 4 torr). Patients exhibited a significantly decreased RH (16 +/- 9 torr) in comparison with control subjects (26 +/- 8 torr) and a diminished CO2 elimination. There was no correlation between the RH response and the oxygen extraction ratio, Hgb concentration, and hemodynamic and blood gas variables in patients. In contrast with control subjects, there was a significant correlation between CO2 elimination from the skin and the amount of RH in patients. The finding of a diminished RH in the patients was not related to a specific disease but correlated with the degree of physiologic derangement as assessed by the APACHE II score.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Critical Care', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperemia', 'Male', 'Microcirculation', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Skin']
| 2,379,393
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.760.190', 'N02.421.585.190'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.474'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.680'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['A17.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Proteomics of arsenic stress in the gram-positive organism Exiguobacterium sp. PS NCIM 5463.
|
The general responses of microorganisms to environmental onslaughts are modulated by altering the gene expression pattern to reduce damage in the cell and produce compensating stress responses. The present study attempts to unravel the response of the Gram-positive Exiguobacterium sp. PS NCIM 5463 in the presence of [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)] using comparative proteomics via two-dimension gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with identification of proteins using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation (MALDI-TOF/MALDI-TOF/TOF). Out of 926 Coomassie-stained proteins, 45 were differentially expressed (p < 0.05). Considering the resolution and abundance level, 24 spots (peptides) were subjected to MALDI analysis, identified and categorised into several functional categories, viz., nitrogen metabolism, energy and stress regulators, carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis components and others. A functional role of each protein is discussed in Exiguobacterium sp. PS 5463 under arsenic stress and validated at their transcript level using a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Unlike previous reports that unravel the responses toward arsenic stress in Gram-negative organisms, the present study identified new proteins under arsenic stress in a Gram-positive organism, Exiguobacterium sp. PS NCIM 5463, which could elucidate the physiology of organisms under arsenic stress.
|
['Arsenates', 'Arsenic', 'Bacillaceae', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional', 'Mass Spectrometry', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Proteomics']
| 24,931,308
|
[['D01.075.025', 'D01.248.497.158.050'], ['D01.268.513.249'], ['B03.300.390.400.158', 'B03.353.500.100', 'B03.510.100.100', 'B03.510.415.400.158', 'B03.510.460.410.158'], ['D12.776.097'], ['E05.196.401.250', 'E05.301.300.230'], ['E05.196.566'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['H01.158.201.843', 'H01.158.273.180.350.700', 'H01.158.273.343.350.700', 'H01.181.122.738']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of atrial contraction frequency on atrial natriuretic peptide secretion.
|
Paroxysms of atrial tachycardia are oftentimes associated with polyuria. The plasma levels of the potent diuretic hormone, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), are elevated during episodes of atrial tachycardia, suggesting that ANP may play a role in mediating the diuresis. The mechanism of enhanced ANP secretion associated with atrial tachycardia is not known. We examined the effect of altering the pacing frequency of isolated left rat atria on ANP secretion. Atria were suspended between an electrode and hook connected to a force transducer and superfused with medium 199. The ANP content of the superfusate was measured by radioimmunoassay. Increasing the frequency of pacing from 2 to 4 Hz resulted in a 46 +/- 5% (means +/- SE, n = 9) rise in immunoreactive ANP secretion above base line (P less than 0.01). Lowering the frequency from 4 to 2 Hz lowered immunoreactive ANP secretion by 36 +/- 3% (n = 6) relative to base line (P less than 0.02). Incremental increases in the pacing frequency from 2 to 8 Hz resulted in a continual rise in immunoreactive ANP with a peak increase of 191 +/- 6% of base line (n = 8) at 8 Hz. To examine the possibility that release of norepinephrine or acetylcholine from endogenous nerves mediated this effect, the atria were superfused with the combination of 0.1 microM propranolol, 1.0 microM phentolamine, and 10 microM atropine. The concentrations of the antagonists were 125-fold or higher than the dissociation constant for binding to receptors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Atrial Natriuretic Factor', 'Atropine', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Myocardial Contraction', 'Perfusion', 'Phentolamine', 'Propranolol', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Time Factors']
| 2,946,242
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.584.500', 'D12.644.548.585.500'], ['D02.145.074.722.229.199', 'D03.132.760.180.572.199', 'D03.132.889.180.648.199', 'D03.605.084.500.722.229.199', 'D03.605.869.229.199'], ['A07.541.358'], ['G09.330.580', 'G11.427.494.570'], ['E05.680'], ['D03.383.129.308.754'], ['D02.033.100.624.698.711', 'D02.033.755.624.698.711', 'D02.092.063.624.698.711', 'D02.455.426.559.847.638.945', 'D04.615.638.945'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Assessment of Atrial Electromechanical Delay in Patients With Acromegaly.
|
BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate whether atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) measured by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), which is an indicator for structural and electrical remodelling of the atria, is prolonged in patients with active or inactive acromegaly, or both, compared with a control group.METHODS: A total of 34 patients with acromegaly (18 active/16 inactive) and 35 patients as a control group were enrolled. Both intra- and inter-AEMD were calculated by TDI. The correlation between clinical variables and AEMD were analyzed.RESULTS: Both inter-AEMD and right and left intra-AEMD were prolonged in patients with acromegaly compared with the control group (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.004, respectively). Also, patients with active acromegaly showed higher inter-AEMD and right intra-AEMD compared with patients with inactive acromegaly (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in left intra-AEMD between patients with active acromegaly and those with inactive acromegaly (P = 0.977). The growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) levels positively correlated with inter-AEMD (r = 0.577; P < 0.001; r = 0.614; P < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, we found that inter-AEMD was significantly and positively correlated with relationship between maximal values of passive mitral inflow (E, PW-Doppler) and lateral early diastolic mitral annular velocities (e', TDI) (r = 0.316; P = 0.008). Only the serum IGF-1 level was independently associated with inter-AEMD in multivariate linear regression analysis (â = 0.500; P = 0.011).CONCLUSIONS: Our study findings showed that both inter- and intra-AEMD are prolonged in patients with acromegaly. Also, AEMD was observed to be more prolonged in patients with active acromegaly than in those with inactive acromegaly. IGF-1 was an independent predictor of inter- AEMD in patients with acromegaly. Being a noninvasive, inexpensive, and simple technique, AEMD may be used as an indicator for atrial electrical and structural remodelling in patients with acromegaly.
|
['Acromegaly', 'Atrial Function', 'Atrial Premature Complexes', 'Echocardiography, Doppler', 'Electrocardiography', 'Female', 'Heart Atria', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged']
| 26,117,621
|
[['C05.116.132.082', 'C10.228.140.617.738.250.100', 'C19.700.355.179'], ['G09.330.040'], ['C14.280.067.325.250', 'C14.280.123.375.250', 'C23.550.073.325.050'], ['E01.370.350.130.750.220', 'E01.370.350.850.220.220', 'E01.370.350.850.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240', 'E01.370.405.240'], ['A07.541.358'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Metabolic reorganization in winter: Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) during long-term freezing and anoxia.
|
Wood frogs, Rana sylvatica, can undergo prolonged periods of whole body freezing during winter, locking as much as 65-70% of total body water into extracellular ice and imposing both anoxia and dehydration on their cells. Metabolic rate depression (MRD) is an adaptation used by R. sylvatica to survive these environmental stresses, where a finite amount of ATP generated through anaerobic metabolism is directed towards maintaining pro-survival functions, while most ATP-expensive cellular processes are temporarily reduced in function. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) is a vital metabolic enzyme that links anaerobic glycolysis to the aerobic TCA cycle and is an important regulatory site in MRD. PDH enzymatic activity is regulated via reversible protein phosphorylation in response to energetic demands of cells. This study explored the posttranslational regulation of PDH at three serine sites (S232, S293, S300) on the catalytic E1á subunit along with protein expression of four pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDHK1-4) in response to 24 h Freezing, 8 h Thaw, 24 h Anoxia, and 4 h Recovery in the liver and skeletal muscle of R. sylvatica using Luminex multiplex technology and western immunoblotting. Overall, inhibitory regulation of PDH was evident during 24 h Freezing and 24 h Anoxia, which could indicate a notable reduction in glycoytic flux and carbon entry into the tricarboxylic acid cycle as part of MRD. Furthermore, the expression of PDHK1-4 and phosphorylation of PDH at S232, S293, and S300 were highly tissue and stress-specific, indicative of how different tissues respond differently to stress within the same organism.
|
['Acclimatization', 'Animals', 'Basal Metabolism', 'Cryopreservation', 'Dehydration', 'Freezing', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hypoxia', 'Liver', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Phosphorylation', 'Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase', 'Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex', 'Ranidae', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 30,639,451
|
[['G07.025.133', 'G16.012.500.133'], ['B01.050'], ['G03.295.154'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.760.160', 'E01.370.225.750.600.760.160', 'E02.792.156', 'E05.200.500.620.760.160', 'E05.200.750.600.760.160', 'E05.760.156'], ['C18.452.950.179', 'C23.550.274'], ['G01.645.500', 'G01.906.595.272.437', 'G02.734.466'], ['G05.308'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['A03.620'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.783'], ['D05.500.562.625', 'D08.811.600.741'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.180.708'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Palladium-Catalyzed Enantioselective Redox-Relay Heck Arylation of 1,1-Disubstituted Homoallylic Alcohols.
|
An enantioselective redox-relay oxidative Heck arylation of 1,1-disubstituted alkenes to construct â-stereocenters was developed using a new pyridyl-oxazoline ligand. Various 1,2-diaryl carbonyl compounds were readily obtained in moderate yield and good to excellent enantioselectivity. Additionally, analysis of the reaction outcomes using multidimensional correlations revealed that enantioselectivity is tied to specific electronic features of the 1,1-disubstituted alkenol and the extent of polarizability of the ligand.
|
['Alcohols', 'Alkenes', 'Catalysis', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Palladium', 'Stereoisomerism']
| 27,571,167
|
[['D02.033'], ['D02.455.326.271'], ['G02.130'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.268.556.680', 'D01.268.956.718', 'D01.552.544.680'], ['G02.607.445.682']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Adverse effect of cyclophosphamide at moderate dose in combination with standard drugs on intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma in mice.
|
Adverse (tumor-enhancing) effects of cyclophosphamide at moderate dose (50 mg/kg) given therapeutically were confirmed on the intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) in allogeneic DBA/2 and BALB/c mice. It was recently demonstrated that antitumor effects of five standard drugs (actinomycin D, adriamycin, BCNU, 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate) were abolished or diminished when cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg) was therapeutically combined with such drugs against intraperitoneally implanted LLC both in syngeneic C56BL/6 and allogeneic DBA/2 and BALB/c mice, while the effects of three drugs (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum, 5-thioguanine and vincristine) were not affected by the cyclophosphamide therapy. It is suggested that cyclophosphamide therapy at adjusted lower doses in man might not only be effective but also have a risk to enhance tumor growth and diminish the beneficial effects of other drugs in combination chemotherapy.
|
['Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Drug Interactions', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neoplasm Transplantation']
| 3,996,089
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['E05.624']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New Quinolone-Based Thiosemicarbazones Showing Activity Against Plasmodium falciparum
|
Co-infection of malaria and tuberculosis, although not thoroughly investigated, has been noted. With the increasing prevalence of tuberculosis in the African region, wherein malaria is endemic, it is intuitive to suggest that the probability of co-infection with these diseases is likely to increase. To avoid the issue of drug-drug interactions when managing co-infections, it is imperative to investigate new molecules with dual activities against the causal agents of these diseases. To this effect, a small library of quinolone-thiosemicarbazones was synthesised and evaluated in vitro against Plasmodium falciparum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causal agents of malaria and tuberculosis, respectively. The compounds were also evaluated against HeLa cells for overt cytotoxicity. Most compounds in this series exhibited activities against both organisms, with compound 10, emerging as the hit; with an MIC90 of 2 µM against H37Rv strain of M. tuberculosis and an IC50 of 1 µM against the 3D7 strain of P. falciparum. This study highlights quinolone-thiosemicarabazones as a class of compounds that can be exploited further in search of novel, safe agents with potent activities against both the causal agents of malaria and tuberculosis.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Infective Agents', 'Candy', 'Drug Interactions', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Inhibitory Concentration 50', 'Malaria, Falciparum', 'Molecular Structure', 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis', 'Plasmodium falciparum', 'Quinolones', 'Small Molecule Libraries', 'Thiosemicarbazones', 'Tuberculosis']
| 31,060,249
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122'], ['G07.203.300.140', 'J02.500.140'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.940.350', 'G07.690.936.563'], ['C01.610.752.530.650', 'C01.920.875.650'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.702', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.702'], ['B01.043.075.380.611.561'], ['D03.633.100.810.835'], ['D27.720.470.765'], ['D02.845.746.703', 'D02.886.803'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.846']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A novel, homozygous nonsense variant of the CDHR1 gene in a Chinese family causes autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy by NGS-based genetic diagnosis.
|
Retinal dystrophy is an inherited, heterogeneous, chronic and progressive disorder of visual functions. The mutations of patients with autosomal recessive retinal retinopathy cone-and-rod dysfunction and macular dystrophy have not been well described in the Chinese population. In this study, a three-generation Chinese retinal dystrophy family was recruited. Ophthalmic examinations were performed. Targeted next generation sequencing (TGS) was used to identify causative genes, and Sanger sequencing was conducted to verify candidate mutations and co-segregation. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was applied to investigate the spatial and temporal expression patterns of cdhr1 gene in mouse. A novel, homozygous, deleterious and nonsense variant (c.T1641A; p.Y547*) in the CDHR1 gene was identified in the family with autosomal recessive retinal dystrophy, which was co-segregated with the clinical phenotypes in this family. RT-PCR analysis revealed that cdhr1 is ubiquitously expressed in eye, particularly very high expression in retina; high expression in lens, sclera, and cornea; and high expression in brain. In conclusion, our study is the first to indicate that the novel homozygous variant c.T1641A (p.Y547*) in the CHDR1 gene might be the disease-causing mutation for retinal dystrophy in our patient, extending its mutation spectrums. These findings further the understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of this disease and provide new insights for diagnosis as well as new implications for genetic counselling.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Cadherins', 'China', 'Codon, Nonsense', 'DNA Mutational Analysis', 'Female', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Homozygote', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Middle Aged', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Pedigree', 'Phenotype', 'Retina', 'Retinal Dystrophies']
| 30,160,356
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['D13.444.735.544.355.250.235', 'G05.360.335.355.250.235', 'G05.365.590.195'], ['E05.393.760.700.300'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['G05.380.554'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.631'], ['E05.393.673'], ['G05.695'], ['A09.371.729'], ['C11.768.585.658']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Design and synthesis of novel chiral dendritic species derived from bile acids.
|
Bile acids have been used for the first time as the building block for the construction of dendritic units. Orthogonally functionalized 7-deoxycholic and cholic acid derivatives were synthesized. The construction of a bile acid heptamer, a nonamer, and a decamer using the convergent strategy are described in detail. Chromatographic, spectral, and optical properties of these molecules have been investigated. Molecular modeling suggests that these molecules have globular shapes with nanometric dimensions.
|
['Bile Acids and Salts', 'Cholic Acid', 'Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid', 'Deoxycholic Acid', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Molecular Weight', 'Polymers', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 11,325,268
|
[['D04.210.500.105'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.130', 'D04.210.500.221.430.130'], ['E05.196.181.400.300'], ['D04.210.500.105.225.272', 'D04.210.500.221.430.342'], ['E05.196.867.519'], ['G02.494'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor NVP-BKM120 overcomes resistance signals derived from microenvironment by regulating the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim axis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells.
|
Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase pathway is constitutively activated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia mainly due to microenvironment signals, including stromal cell interaction and CXCR4 and B-cell receptor activation. Because of the importance of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, we investigated the activity of the NVP-BKM120, an orally available pan class I phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase inhibitor. Sensitivity to NVP-BKM120 was analyzed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia primary samples in the context of B-cell receptor and microenvironment stimulation. NVP-BKM120 promoted mitochondrial apoptosis in most primary cells independently of common prognostic markers. NVP-BKM120 activity induced the blockage of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling, decreased Akt and FoxO3a phosphorylation leading to concomitant Mcl-1 downregulation and Bim induction. Accordingly, selective knockdown of BIM rescued cells from NVP-BKM120-induced apoptosis, while the kinase inhibitor synergistically enhanced the apoptosis induced by the BH3-mimetic ABT-263. We also found NVP-BKM120 to inhibit B-cell receptor- and stroma-dependent Akt pathway activation, thus sensitizing chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to bendamustine and fludarabine. Furthermore, NVP-BKM120 down-regulated secretion of chemokines after B-cell receptor stimulation and inhibited cell chemotaxis and actin polymerization upon CXCR4 triggering by CXCL12. Our findings establish that NVP-BKM120 effectively inhibits the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling pathway and disturbs the protective effect of the tumor microenvironment with the subsequent apoptosis induction through the Akt/FoxO3a/Bim axis. We provide here a strong rationale for undertaking clinical trials of NVP-BKM120 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients alone or in combination therapies.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aminopyridines', 'Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins', 'Bcl-2-Like Protein 11', 'Cell Movement', 'Coculture Techniques', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Forkhead Box Protein O3', 'Forkhead Transcription Factors', 'Humans', 'Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Middle Aged', 'Morpholines', 'Oncogene Protein v-akt', 'Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases', 'Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins', 'Tumor Microenvironment']
| 23,850,807
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D02.092.080', 'D03.383.725.050'], ['D12.644.360.075', 'D12.776.476.075'], ['D12.644.360.075.323', 'D12.776.476.075.323', 'D12.776.543.116', 'D12.776.624.664.700.025'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['E05.481.500.374'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['D12.776.260.950.249.125', 'D12.776.930.977.249.125'], ['D12.776.260.950.249', 'D12.776.930.977.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.337.428.080.125', 'C15.604.515.560.080.125', 'C20.683.515.528.080.125'], ['D12.776.543'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.586', 'D12.776.624.664.520.750.788'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.500'], ['D27.505.519.389.736'], ['D12.776.624.664.700'], ['G04.366.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Relationship between brain electrical activity and cortical perfusion in normal subjects.
|
Cerebral glucose uptake and perfusion are accepted as tightly coupled measures of energy utilization in both normal and diseased brain. The coupling of brain electrical activity to perfusion has been demonstrated, however, only in the presence of chronic brain disease. Very few studies have examined the relationship between cerebral electrical activity and energy utilization in normal brain tissue. To clarify this relationship, we performed 33 H2(15)O-positron emission tomography (PET) scans in six normal subjects both at rest and during a simple motor task, and acquired surface-recorded quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) data simultaneously with isotope injection. We examined the associations between cerebral perfusion directly underlying each recording electrode and three QEEG measures (absolute power, relative power, and cordance). All EEG measures had moderately strong coupling with perfusion at most frequency bands, although the directions of the associations differed from those previously reported in subjects with stroke or dementia. Of the three QEEG measures examined, cordance had the strongest relationship with perfusion (multiple R2 = 0.58). Cordance and PET were equally effective in detecting lateralized activation associated with the motor task, while EEG power did not detect this activation. Electrodes in the concordant state had a significantly higher mean perfusion than those in the discordant state. These results indicate that normal brain electrical activity has a moderately strong association with cerebral perfusion. Cordance may be the most useful QEEG measure for monitoring cerebral perfusion in subjects without chronic brain disease.
|
['Adult', 'Algorithms', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Electroencephalography', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reference Values', 'Tomography, Emission-Computed']
| 10,482,384
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E01.370.350.350.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800', 'E01.370.350.710.800', 'E01.370.350.825.800', 'E01.370.384.730.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Regional glucose metabolic reduction in dementia with Lewy bodies is independent of amyloid deposition.
|
PURPOSE: There is evidence that some cases of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) can demonstrate Alzheimer disease (AD) like reduced glucose metabolism without amyloid deposition. The aim of this study was to clarify whether regional hypometabolism is related to amyloid deposits in the DLB brain and measure the degree of regional hypometabolism.METHODS: Ten consecutive subjects with DLB and 10 AD patients who underwent both Pittsburgh compound B (PiB)-PET and (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG)-PET were included in this study. Regional standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR)s normalised to cerebellar cortices were calculated in the FDG- and PiB-PET images.RESULTS: All AD patients and five DLB patients showed amyloid deposits (PiB positive). In the DLB group the parietotemporal and occipital metabolism were significantly lower than those in the AD group but there was no difference between the posterior cingulate hypometabolism between DLB and AD groups. There were no differences in regional glucose metabolism between PiB positive and negative DLB patients.CONCLUSIONS: In the DLB brain, it is suggested that decreased regional glucose metabolism is unrelated to amyloid deposits, although the hypometabolic area overlaps with the AD hypometabolic area and the degree of parietotemporal and occipital hypometabolism in DLB brain is much larger than that in AD brain.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Amyloid', 'Aniline Compounds', 'Benzothiazoles', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Glucose', 'Humans', 'Lewy Body Disease', 'Male', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Thiazoles']
| 25,270,712
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['D05.500.049', 'D12.776.049'], ['D02.092.146'], ['D03.383.129.708.089', 'D03.633.100.185'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.400', 'C10.228.140.380.422', 'C10.228.662.600.200', 'C10.574.928.500', 'F03.615.400.512'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Expression analysis of thirty one Y chromosome genes in human prostate cancer.
|
Rapid advances in positional cloning studies have identified most of the genes on the human Y chromosome, thereby providing resources for studying the expression of its genes in prostate cancer. Using a semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure, we had examined the expression of the Y chromosome genes in a panel of prostate samples diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), low and/or high grade carcinoma, and the prostatic cell line, LNCaP, stimulated by androgen treatment. Results from this expression analysis of 31 of the 33 genes, isolated so far from the Y chromosome, revealed three types of expression patterns: i) specific expression in other tissues (e.g., AMELY, BPY1, BPY2, CDY, and RBM); ii) ubiquitous expression among prostate and control testis samples, similar to those of house-keeping genes (e.g., ANT3, XE7,ASMTL, IL3RA, SYBL1, TRAMP, MIC2, DBY, RPS4Y, and SMCY); iii) differential expression in prostate and testis samples. The last group includes X-Y homologous (e.g., ZFY, PRKY, DFFRY, TB4Y, EIF1AY, and UTY) and Y-specific genes (e.g., SRY, TSPY, PRY, and XKRY). Androgen stimulation of the LNCaP cells resulted in up-regulation of PGPL, CSFR2A, IL3RA, TSPY, and IL9R and down regulation of SRY, ZFY, and DFFRY. The heterogeneous and differential expression patterns of the Y chromosome genes raise the possibility that some of these genes are either involved in or are affected by the oncogenic processes of the prostate. The up- and down-regulation of several Y chromosome genes by androgen suggest that they may play a role(s) in the hormonally stimulated proliferation of the responsive LNCaP cells.
|
['Androgens', 'Base Sequence', 'DNA Primers', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Y Chromosome']
| 10,747,295
|
[['D27.505.696.399.472.161'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['A11.284.187.865.983', 'G05.360.162.865.983']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
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| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inhibition of the Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E1 subunit and its tyrosine 177 variants by thiamin 2-thiazolone and thiamin 2-thiothiazolone diphosphates. Evidence for reversible tight-binding inhibition.
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Variants of the pyruvate dehydrogenase subunit (E1; EC ) of the Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex with Y177A and Y177F substitutions were created. Both variants displayed pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex activity at levels of 11% (Y177A E1) and 7% (Y177F E1) of the parental enzyme. The K(m) values for thiamin diphosphate (ThDP) were 1.58 microm (parental E1) and 6.65 microm (Y177A E1), whereas the Y177F E1 variant was not saturated at 200 microm. According to fluorescence studies, binding of ThDP was unaffected by the Tyr(177) substitutions. The ThDP analogs thiamin 2-thiazolone diphosphate (ThTDP) and thiamin 2-thiothiazolone diphosphate (ThTTDP) behaved as tight-binding inhibitors of parental E1 (K(i) = 0.003 microm for ThTDP and K(i) = 0.064 microm for ThTTDP) and the Y177A and Y177F variants. This analysis revealed that ThTDP and ThTTDP bound to parental E1 via a two-step mechanism, but that ThTDP bound to the Y177A variant via a one-step mechanism. Binding of ThTDP was affected and that of ThTTDP was unaffected by substitutions at Tyr(177). Addition of ThDP or ThTDP to parental E1 resulted in similar CD spectral changes in the near-UV region. In contrast, binding of ThTTDP to either parental E1 or the Y177A and Y177F variants was accompanied by the appearance of a positive band at 330 nm, indicating that ThTTDP was bound in a chiral environment. In combination with x-ray structural evidence on the location of Tyr(177), the kinetic and spectroscopic data suggest that Tyr(177) has a role in stabilization of some transition state(s) in the reaction pathway, starting with the free enzyme and culminating with the first irreversible step (decarboxylation), as well as in reductive acetylation of the dihydrolipoamide acetyltransferase component.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Circular Dichroism', 'DNA Primers', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Escherichia coli', 'Kinetics', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Thiamine', 'Thiazoles', 'Tyrosine']
| 11,583,990
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.867.151'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['D05.500.562.625', 'D08.811.600.741'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['D02.886.675.900', 'D03.383.129.708.900', 'D03.383.742.795'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708'], ['D12.125.072.050.875']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Will That Pulmonary Nodule Become Cancerous? A Risk Prediction Model for Incident Lung Cancer.
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This prospective investigation derived a prediction model for identifying risk of incident lung cancer among patients with visible lung nodules identified on computed tomography (CT). Among 2,924 eligible patients referred for evaluation of a pulmonary nodule to the Stony Brook Lung Cancer Evaluation Center between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2015, 171 developed incident lung cancer during the observation period. Cox proportional hazard models were used to model time until disease onset. The sample was randomly divided into discovery (n = 1,469) and replication (n = 1,455) samples. In the replication sample, concordance was computed to indicate predictive accuracy and risk scores were calculated using the linear predictions. Youden index was used to identify high-risk versus low-risk patients and cumulative lung cancer incidence was examined for high-risk and low-risk groups. Multivariable analyses identified a combination of clinical and radiologic predictors for incident lung cancer including ln-age, ln-pack-years smoking, a history of cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and several radiologic markers including spiculation, ground glass opacity, and nodule size. The final model reliably detected patients who developed lung cancer in the replication sample (C = 0.86, sensitivity/specificity = 0.73/0.81). Cumulative incidence of lung cancer was elevated in high-risk versus low-risk groups [HR = 14.34; 95% confidence interval (CI), 8.17-25.18]. Quantification of reliable risk scores has high clinical utility, enabling physicians to better stratify treatment protocols to manage patient care. The final model is among the first tools developed to predict incident lung cancer in patients presenting with a concerning pulmonary nodule.
|
['Aged', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Models, Statistical', 'New York', 'Prognosis', 'ROC Curve', 'Smoking', 'Solitary Pulmonary Nodule']
| 31,248,853
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.437', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['F01.145.805'], ['C08.381.884']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Prolonged neuroinflammation after lipopolysaccharide exposure in aged rats.
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Inflammation is a hallmark of several disease states ranging from neurodegeneration to sepsis but is also implicated in physiological processes like ageing. Non-resolving inflammation and prolonged neuroinflammation are unclear processes implicated in several conditions, including ageing. In this study we studied the long-term effects of endotoxemia, as systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection, focusing on the role of astrocyte activation and cytokine release in the brain of aged rats. A single dose of LPS (2 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline was injected intraperitoneally in aged rats. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNFá and IL-1â) and NF-êB p65 activation were measured systemically and in hippocampal tissue. Astrocytes and cytokines release in the CNS were detected via double immunofluorescence staining at different time-points up to day 30. Serum levels of TNFá and IL-1â were significantly increased acutely after 30 minutes (p<0.001) and up to 6 hours (p<0.001) following LPS-injection. Centrally, LPS-treated rats showed up-regulated mRNA expression and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus. These changes associated with astrogliosis in the hippocampus dentate gyrus (DG), IL-1â immunoreactivity and elevated NF-êB p65 expression up to day 30 post LPS exposure. Overall, these data demonstrate that LPS induces prolonged neuroinflammation and astrocyte activation in the hippocampus of aged rats. Hippocampal NF-êB p65 and excessive astrocytes-derived IL-1â release may play a pivotal role in regulating long-lasting neuroinflammation.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hippocampus', 'Inflammation', 'Interleukin-1beta', 'Lipopolysaccharides', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factor RelA']
| 25,170,959
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['G05.308'], ['A08.186.211.180.405', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.345'], ['C23.550.470'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010.600', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400.600', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010.600', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400.600', 'D23.529.374.465.131.600', 'D23.529.374.500.400.600'], ['D09.400.500', 'D09.698.718.450', 'D10.494', 'D23.050.161.616.525', 'D23.946.123.329.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.260.600.249', 'D12.776.660.600.249', 'D12.776.930.600.249']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Expression dynamics of genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) cascade and their responses to 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3) highlights potential vulnerability to thyroid-disrupting chemicals in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo-larvae.
|
Some chemicals in the environment disrupt thyroid hormone (TH) systems leading to alterations in organism development, but their effect mechanisms are poorly understood. In fish, this has been limited by a lack of fundamental knowledge on thyroid gene ontogeny and tissue expression in early life stages. Here we established detailed expression profiles for a suite of genes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis of zebrafish (Danio rerio) between 24-120 h post fertilisation (hpf) and quantified their responses following exposure to 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine (T3) using whole mount in situ hybridisation (WISH) and qRT-PCR (using whole-body extracts). All of the selected genes in the HPT axis demonstrated dynamic transcript expression profiles across the developmental stages examined. The expression of thyroid receptor alpha (thraa) was observed in the brain, gastrointestinal tract, craniofacial tissues and pectoral fins, while thyroid receptor beta (thrb) expression occurred in the brain, otic vesicles, liver and lower jaw. The TH deiodinases (dio1, dio2 and dio3b) were expressed in the liver, pronephric ducts and brain and the patterns differed depending on life stage. Both dio1 and dio2 were also expressed in the intestinal bulb (96-120 hpf), and dio2 expression occurred also in the pituitary (48-120 hpf). Exposure of zebrafish embryo-larvae to T3 (30 and 100 ìg L-1) for periods of 48, 96 or 120 hpf resulted in the up-regulation of thraa, thrb, dio3b, thyroid follicle synthesis proteins (pax8) and corticotropin-releasing hormone (crhb) and down-regulation of dio1, dio2, glucuronidation enzymes (ugt1ab) and thyroid stimulating hormone (tshb) (assessed via qRT-PCR) and responses differed across life stage and tissues. T3 induced thraa expression in the pineal gland, pectoral fins, brain, somites, gastrointestinal tract, craniofacial tissues, liver and pronephric ducts. T3 enhanced thrb expression in the brain, jaw cartilage and intestine, while thrb expression was suppressed in the liver. T3 exposure suppressed the transcript levels of dio1 and dio2 in the liver, brain, gastrointestinal tract and craniofacial tissues, while dio2 signalling was also suppressed in the pituitary gland. Dio3b expression was induced by T3 exposure in the jaw cartilage, pectoral fins and brain. The involvement of THs in the development of numerous body tissues and the responsiveness of these tissues to T3 in zebrafish highlights their potential vulnerability to exposure to environmental thyroid-disrupting chemicals.
|
['Animals', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Hypothalamus', 'Larva', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Thyroid Gland', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Thyronines', 'Thyrotropin', 'Triiodothyronine', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Zebrafish', 'Zebrafish Proteins']
| 32,623,180
|
[['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['B05.500.500', 'G07.345.500.550.500.500'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['A06.300.900'], ['D06.472.931'], ['D06.472.931.740', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741'], ['D06.472.699.631.525.883', 'D12.644.548.691.525.883'], ['D06.472.931.740.385', 'D12.125.072.050.767.741.894'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['B01.050.150.900.493.200.244.828'], ['D12.776.325.500']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The effects of melatonin and pinealectomy upon local cerebral glucose utilization in awake unrestrained rats are restricted to a few specific regions.
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The effects of the infusion of melatonin (MT) and/or of pinealectomy upon glucose utilization in anatomically discrete regions of the brain of freely moving rats have been studied by the quantitative autoradiographic 2-deoxy-D-[1-14C]glucose technique. The experiments were made from 14.00 to 16.00 h, when MT is normally not secreted by the pineal gland, in order to compare the local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) response to MT from animals with long-term (pinealectomized) or short-term (pineal intact) absence of MT secretion. The majority of the 98 brain areas examined showed no change in LCGU after MT administration and/or pinealectomy. Pinealectomy increased the LCGU in the median mammillary nucleus only, whereas following MT administration, an increase in LCGU was observed in 3 cerebral regions of intact rats (paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, nucleus of the solitary tract, choroid plexus of the third ventricle) and in 5 cerebral regions of pinealectomized rats (paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, nucleus of the solitary tract, choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles, third and fourth ventricles). Except for the choroid plexuses of the fourth ventricle, there was no difference in LCGU response to MT between pinealectomized and intact animals. This does not favor the hypothesis of receptor supersensitivity under the conditions of this experiment. Our results suggest that the hypothalamus, nucleus of the solitary tract and choroid plexuses represent a neural substrate through which MT could influence the activity of the central nervous system when administered at a low dose under near-physiological conditions.
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['Animals', 'Brain', 'Cerebral Ventricles', 'Deoxyglucose', 'Glucose', 'Hypothalamus', 'Male', 'Medulla Oblongata', 'Melatonin', 'Pineal Gland', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 2,743,157
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.140'], ['D09.254.229'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['A08.186.211.180.497', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.591.500'], ['D03.633.100.473.914.481', 'D06.472.506'], ['A06.300.635', 'A06.688.733', 'A08.186.211.180.200.680', 'A08.186.211.200.317.200.620', 'A08.713.733'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Endo180 expression with cofunctional partners MT1-MMP and uPAR-uPA is correlated with prostate cancer progression.
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Endo180 (CD280; MRC2; uPARAP) regulates collagen remodelling and chemotactic cell migration through cooperation with membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP), urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). One hundred and sixty nine prostate tissue sections clinically graded as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) (n=29) or prostate cancer (PCA) with Gleason scores indicating low (< or =7(3+4); n=26), intermediate (7(4+3)-8; n=96) or high (9-10; n=19) clinical risk were immunofluorescently stained for Endo180, pan-cytokeratin (pCk), vimentin, MT1-MMP and uPAR-uPA. Quantification of % Endo180(+)/pCk(-) and Endo180(+)/pCk(+) cells in entire tissue cores revealed stromal (p=0.0001) and epithelial (p=0.0001) upregulation of Endo180 in PCA compared to BPH. Epithelial Endo180 expression was significantly different between the three clinical risk groups of PCA (p<0.05). Correlations with MT1-MMP and uPAR-uPA confirmed the functionality of Endo180 during PCA progression. This molecular evaluation is the first step in the exploration of Endo180 in PCA diagnosis and therapy.
|
['Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Chemotaxis', 'Collagen', 'Disease Progression', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mannose-Binding Lectins', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 14', 'Membrane Glycoproteins', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Prognosis', 'Prostate-Specific Antigen', 'Prostatic Hyperplasia', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, Mitogen', 'Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator']
| 19,112,015
|
[['D23.101.140'], ['F01.145.113.780.500', 'F01.145.875.439.500.500', 'G04.198.424', 'G07.568.500.590.500', 'G11.427.410.568.850.500'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.503.311'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.300.500', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.300.500'], ['D12.776.395.550', 'D12.776.543.550'], ['D12.776.624'], ['E01.789'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442.750', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442.750', 'D12.776.866.249.500', 'D23.050.285.625', 'D23.101.140.625'], ['C12.294.565.500'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['D12.776.543.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.880'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.910', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.910', 'D12.776.124.125.662.884']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Characterisation of stationary phases in subcritical fluid chromatography with the solvation parameter model IV. Aromatic stationary phases.
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The purpose of the present work was to systematically study the chromatographic behaviour of different aromatic stationary phases in a subcritical fluid mobile phase. We attempted to assess the chemical origin of the differences in retention characteristics between the different columns. Various types of aromatic stationary phases, all commercially available, were investigated. The effect of the nature of the aromatic bonding on interactions between solute and stationary phases and between solute and carbon dioxide-methanol mobile phase was studied by the use of a linear solvation energy relationship (LSER): the solvation parameter model. This study was performed to provide a greater knowledge of the properties of these phases in subcritical fluid chromatography, and to allow a more rapid and efficient choice of aromatic stationary phase in regard of the chemical nature of the solutes to be separated. Charge transfer interactions naturally contribute to the retention on all these stationary phases but are completed by various other types of interactions, depending on the nature of the aromatic group. The solvation vectors were used to compare the different phase properties. In particular, the similarities in the chromatographic behaviour of porous graphitic carbon (PGC), polystyrene-divinylbenzene (PS-DVB) and aromatic-bonded silica stationary phases are evidenced.
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['Benzene Derivatives', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Graphite', 'Silicon Dioxide']
| 16,529,759
|
[['D02.455.426.559.389'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['D01.268.150.300', 'D01.578.300'], ['D01.578.750', 'D01.650.550.825', 'D01.837.725']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Rational design of catechol-2, 3-dioxygenase for improving the enzyme characteristics.
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Catechol-2, 3-dioxygenase (C23O) from Pseudomonas sp. CGMCC2953 identified in our laboratory, which is one of the key enzymes responsible for phenanthrene biodegradation, was expected to get better characteristics tolerant to environment for its further application. With the aim of improving the enzyme properties by introducing intermolecular disulfide bonds, X-ray structure of a C23O from Pseudomonas putida MT-2, a highly conserved homologous with the C23O from Pseudomonas sp. CGMCC2953, was directly used to find the potential sites for forming disulfide bonds between two monomers of the target C23O. Two sites, Ala229 and His294, were identified and mutated to cysteine, respectively, by using site mutagenesis. The expected disulfide bond between these two CYS residues was confirmed with both molecular modeling and experimental results. The optimum temperature of the mutated enzyme was widened from 40 to 40 approximately 50 degrees C. The mutated C23O became more alkalescency stable compared with the wild-type enzyme, e.g., 75% of the maximal enzyme activity retained even under pH 9.5 while 50% residue for the wild-type one. Improvement of thermostability of the mutated C230 with the redesigned disulfide was also confirmed.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Catechol 2,3-Dioxygenase', 'Conserved Sequence', 'Disulfides', 'Enzyme Stability', 'Escherichia coli', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Internet', 'Kinetics', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Mutation', 'Protein Conformation', 'Pseudomonas', 'Temperature']
| 19,688,300
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D08.811.682.690.416.305'], ['G02.111.570.580'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['E05.916.360', 'G02.111.700.500'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G02.300'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['E05.599.595'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625', 'B03.660.250.580.590'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Multiple origins of Cajal-Retzius cells at the borders of the developing pallium.
|
Cajal-Retzius cells are critical in cortical lamination, but very little is known about their origin and development. The homeodomain transcription factor Dbx1 is expressed in restricted progenitor domains of the developing pallium: the ventral pallium (VP) and the septum. Using genetic tracing and ablation experiments in mice, we show that two subpopulations of Reelin(+) Cajal-Retzius cells are generated from Dbx1-expressing progenitors. VP- and septum-derived Reelin(+) neurons differ in their onset of appearance, migration routes, destination and expression of molecular markers. Together with reported data supporting the generation of Reelin(+) cells in the cortical hem, our results show that Cajal-Retzius cells are generated at least at three focal sites at the borders of the developing pallium and are redistributed by tangential migration. Our data also strongly suggest that distinct Cajal-Retzius subtypes exist and that their presence in different territories of the developing cortex might contribute to region-specific properties.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Calbindin 2', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal', 'Cell Division', 'Cell Movement', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Embryo, Mammalian', 'Extracellular Matrix Proteins', 'Genetic Techniques', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Mice', 'Mice, Neurologic Mutants', 'Nerve Tissue Proteins', 'Neurons', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'S100 Calcium Binding Protein G', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Telencephalon', 'Tissue Distribution', 'tau Proteins']
| 16,041,369
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['D12.776.157.125.090.249'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.250', 'D12.776.543.550.200.250', 'D23.050.301.350.250'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['A16.254'], ['D12.776.860.300'], ['E05.393'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.480'], ['D12.776.631'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.157.125.090.500', 'D12.776.157.125.750.750'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['A08.186.211.200.885'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949'], ['D12.776.220.600.450.510', 'D12.776.631.560.510']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Percutaneous aspiration embolectomy of the popliteal artery].
|
Twenty-eight patients (17 women, 11 men, average age 67 years, range 40-85 years) with embolic occlusions of the popliteal arteries were treated by aspiration embolectomy. 6 patients were in clinical stage IIb and 22 in stage III. In 25 of the 28 patients the occlusion was treated successfully. Complications could be treated non-surgically at the same time. 2 of the patients died within the first week of cerebral emboli, 2 further patients suffered recurrent emboli in the treated extremity during the first month. 17 patients who were followed up for six months were free of recurrences.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Angiography, Digital Subtraction', 'Embolectomy', 'Embolism', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Popliteal Artery', 'Radiography, Interventional', 'Recurrence', 'Suction', 'Ultrasonography']
| 1,391,840
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E01.370.350.600.350.700.060', 'E01.370.350.700.060.060', 'E01.370.350.700.700.060', 'E01.370.350.760.060', 'E01.370.370.050.060'], ['E04.100.814.445'], ['C14.907.355.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A07.015.114.681'], ['E01.370.350.700.725', 'E04.502.780'], ['C23.550.291.937'], ['E04.237.890'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
On the binding of BODIPY-GTP by the photosensory protein YtvA from the common soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
|
The YtvA protein, which is one of the proteins that comprises the network carrying out the signal transfer inducing the general stress response in Bacillus subtilis, is composed of an N-terminal LOV domain (that binds a flavin [FMN]) and a C-terminal STAS domain. This latter domain shows sequence features typical for a nucleotide (NTP) binding protein. It has been proposed (FEBS Lett., 580 [2006], 3818) that BODIPY-GTP can be used as a reporter for nucleotide binding to this site and that activation of the LOV domain by blue light is reflected in an alteration of the BODIPY-GTP fluorescence. Here we confirm that BODIPY-GTP indeed binds to YtvA, but rather nonspecifically, and not limited to the STAS domain. Blue-light modulation of fluorescence emission of YtvA-bound BODIPY-GTP is observed both in the full-length YtvA protein and in a truncated protein composed of the LOV-domain plus the LOV-STAS linker region (YtvA(1-147)) as a light-induced decrease in fluorescence emission. The isolated LOV domain (i.e. without the linker region) does not show such BODIPY-GTP fluorescence changes. Dialysis experiments have confirmed the blue-light-induced release of BODIPY-GTP from YtvA.
|
['Bacillus subtilis', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Boron Compounds', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Escherichia coli', 'Flavin Mononucleotide', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Guanosine Triphosphate', 'Light', 'Models, Molecular', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Photochemistry', 'Photoreceptors, Microbial', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 21,388,385
|
[['B03.300.390.400.158.218.725', 'B03.353.500.100.218.725', 'B03.510.100.100.218.725', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.725', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.725'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D01.132', 'D02.203'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D03.633.100.733.315.650.500', 'D03.633.300.507.650.500', 'D08.211.474.650.500', 'D13.695.827.349', 'D23.767.405.650.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.504', 'D13.695.667.454.504', 'D13.695.827.426.504'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['H01.181.529.711'], ['D12.776.752'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.828'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Leading causes of death in England and Wales--how should we group causes?
|
This article examines how best to identify the leading causes of mortality in England an Wales, by using different way of grouping causes of death, based on a list developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Four different versions of this list are compared. The leading cause of death across all age groups depends on the ways in which common diseases and external causes are aggregated or disaggregated into groups. Areas of particular debate, examined in this article, are the grouping or splitting of accidents by mechanism and cancers by site within leading cause lists. These affect which causes appear in the top ten, and their order in different age groups.
|
['Age Factors', 'Cause of Death', 'England', 'Epidemiologic Methods', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Risk Factors', 'Wales', 'World Health Organization']
| 16,315,552
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.250', 'N01.224.935.698.100', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.250', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.250'], ['Z01.542.363.300'], ['E05.318', 'N06.850.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.542.363.914'], ['N03.540.514.718.800']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Effect of dietary proteins on hepatic and plasma lipids, and some properties of major plasma lipoprotein fractions during dietary-induced hypercholesterolemia in male rats.
|
In order to characterize further the cholesterolemic effect of casein compared with soybean protein isolate, each of these proteins were fed to male rats at different levels of dietary cholesterol administration. An increase in the dietary cholesterol level from zero to 0.25% led to a several-fold increase in plasma triacylglycerols with a comparatively small rise in plasma cholesterol. Further increase in the cholesterol content of diet to 0.5, 1 and 2% resulted in a return of plasma triacylglycerols to normal or even subnormal values, whereas the plasma cholesterol values rose progressively. The triacylglycerolemic and cholesterolemic effects were 2-3-fold higher with casein diet than with soybean protein diet, respectively. A major part of the increased plasma cholesterol value was accounted for by cholesterol in the very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction. Even at moderate levels (0.05-0.5%), the dietary cholesterol administration produced a series of changes in the electrophoretic pattern of plasma lipoproteins. These changes were more prominent in the rats fed casein diet, which often showed an enhanced VLDL band even on a cholesterol-free diet. An additional lipoprotein band, localized between VLDL and the LDL/HDL1 band, was observed in several rats fed casein diet with 0.05 or 0.1% cholesterol, and in rats fed soybean protein diet containing 0.25 or 0.5% cholesterol. In contrast, at the 0.25 and 0.5% levels of dietary cholesterol, plasma of casein-fed rats contained only one broad band within the VLDL-LDL/HDL1 region. All these findings indicate that casein diet promotes the appearance of one or more specific type(s) of cholesterol-induced plasma lipoprotein particles even at a comparatively low level of dietary cholesterol.
|
['Animals', 'Cholesterol', 'Cholesterol, Dietary', 'Dietary Proteins', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Hypercholesterolemia', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Lipids', 'Lipoproteins', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Triglycerides', 'Ultracentrifugation']
| 3,718,994
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.225', 'D10.212.302.347', 'D10.570.938.208.222'], ['D12.776.256', 'G07.203.300.428', 'J02.500.428'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['C18.452.584.500.500.396'], ['G03.458'], ['D10'], ['D10.532', 'D12.776.521'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D10.351.801'], ['E05.181.724', 'E05.196.941']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Cross-Cultural Validation and Normative Data of the Social Responsiveness Scale in a Group of Iranian General Child Population.
|
This study aimed to assess the validity and normative statistics of the Farsi version of the Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2). Among the mainstream elementary schools, 191 boys and 342 girls with a mean age of 9.46 (+ 1.72) years were recruited. Teachers and parents completed the SRS-2. The parents also answered the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) and the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale (VABS). There were not any significant differences regarding the parents' and teachers' ratings of the SRS mean scores in terms of gender, academic level, and age. The SRS was significantly correlated with the SCQ (0.438) and VABS (- 0.142) mean scores. The study supported the validity of the SRS as a screening instrument for social communication problems in Farsi-speaking school-aged children.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child Development Disorders, Pervasive', 'Cross-Cultural Comparison', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Iran', 'Male', 'Parents', 'Psychological Tests', 'Social Behavior', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 30,334,127
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F03.625.164'], ['I01.076.201.450.281', 'I01.880.853.100.257'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.252.245.500.350'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['F04.711'], ['F01.145.813'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Glucose regulation of insulin secretion independent of the opening or closure of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ channels in beta cells.
|
Two major pathways are implicated in the stimulation of insulin secretion by glucose. The K+-ATP channel-dependent pathway involves closure of these channels, depolarization of the beta-cell membrane, acceleration of Ca2+ influx, and a rise in cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). The K+-ATP channel-independent pathway potentiates the stimulation of exocytosis by high [Ca2+]i. To determine whether this second pathway is influenced by the configuration of the channel, we compared the effects of glucose on [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion in mouse islets under three conditions. First, in the presence of 20, 25, and 30 mM K+, i.e. without pharmacological action on K+-ATP channels, [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion were already elevated at 3 mM glucose. High glucose (20 mM) caused a transient decrease in [Ca2+]i followed by an ascent to slightly above control levels, and rapidly stimulated insulin secretion. Second, opening of K+-ATP channels with diazoxide did not influence [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion at 3 mM glucose and high K+. However, high glucose now caused a sustained lowering of [Ca2+]i accompanied by a slow increase in secretion that augmented with the K+ concentration. Third, when K+-ATP channels were blocked and beta-cells depolarized by high concentrations of tolbutamide or glibenclamide, [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion were elevated even in low glucose. High glucose transiently lowered [Ca2+]i, which then increased to or slightly above control levels, while insulin secretion was rapidly stimulated. Under all conditions the correlation between [Ca2+]i and insulin secretion was excellent at low and high glucose levels, and high glucose increased release at all [Ca2+]i. The potentiation of Ca2+-induced exocytosis by glucose is thus independent of the closed or open state of K+-ATP channels. It is only when the channels are opened by diazoxide that the increase in release is a strict amplification of the action of Ca2+. When the channels are closed (sulfonylureas) or still closable (high K+ alone), the effect of glucose on secretion also comprises a slight increase in [Ca2+]i and, in the latter case, is not strictly K+-ATP channel independent.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Diazoxide', 'Exocytosis', 'Female', 'Glucose', 'Glyburide', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Ion Channel Gating', 'Islets of Langerhans', 'Mice', 'Potassium Channels', 'Sulfonylurea Compounds', 'Tolbutamide']
| 10,218,978
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['D02.886.590.700.135.300', 'D02.886.655.500.300', 'D03.633.100.174.300'], ['G04.468'], ['D09.947.875.359.448'], ['D02.065.950.828.575', 'D02.886.590.795.575'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['G02.111.820.400', 'G04.835.400', 'G07.265.625'], ['A03.734.414', 'A06.300.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.600', 'D12.776.543.550.450.750', 'D12.776.543.585.400.750'], ['D02.065.950.828', 'D02.886.590.795'], ['D02.065.950.828.896', 'D02.886.590.795.896']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Methylmercury speciation influences brain gene expression and behavior in gestationally-exposed mice pups.
|
The greatest source of human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) is the diet, in particular the consumption of seafood. To investigate the importance of dietary MeHg speciation on neurotoxicity, balb/c mice dams were exposed to MeHgCys (the naturally-occurring salt) and MeHgCl (the laboratory salt), at concentrations up to 4.5 mg/kg, for 11 weeks (inclusive of 3 weeks gestational and 2 weeks post-partum exposure). Impacts of developmental exposure were assessed in their offspring by monitoring transcriptomic (brain gene expression via microarray and quantitative PCR), tissue mercury (Hg) accumulation, and neurobehavioral endpoints. There were no differences in tissue Hg accumulation between the two forms of MeHg presented, but differences in pup behavior and gene expression endpoints were noted. For example, MeHgCl, but not MeHgCys, impaired pup activity in an open field assessment. Similar impacts of MeHgCl were noted in adults. A total of 131 genes were differentially-regulated in pup brains following maternal exposure to MeHg, 50 of which were specific to MeHgCys and 35 specific to MeHgCl. Regulated genes were significantly enriched for several annotation categories including metal/zinc-binding and transcription regulation. In contrast few antioxidant genes were differentially regulated. This analysis provided insight into mechanisms by which MeHg may impair cellular processes in addition to behavioral impairments such as those associated with learning and memory. The results show differences between the toxic impacts of MeHg species, and also highlight the potential utility of an integrated approach incorporating gene expression with behavioral endpoints.
|
['Aging', 'Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Body Burden', 'Brain', 'Cysteine', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Food Contamination', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Gestational Age', 'Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System', 'Methylmercury Compounds', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reflex', 'Reproduction', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 19,465,457
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['G07.203.650.161'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['F01.145.113'], ['E05.799.638.231', 'N06.850.460.200'], ['A08.186.211'], ['D02.886.030.230', 'D02.886.489.155', 'D12.125.154.299', 'D12.125.166.230'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['G07.203.650.566'], ['C10.720.475.600', 'C25.723.522.875.500'], ['D02.691.750.100.738'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.824.500'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E01.370.376.550.650', 'E01.370.600.550.650', 'F02.830.702', 'G11.561.731'], ['G08.686.784'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Effect of a titanium cage as a stand-alone device on biomechanical stability in the lumbosacral spine of canine cadavers.
|
Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis is a common disease in dogs characterised by intervertebral disc herniation, loss of disc height and stenosis. Decompressive dorsal laminectomy and partial discectomy can cause spinal instability and worsen foraminal stenosis. Pedicle screw and rod fixation (PSRF) with an intervertebral body cage allows for distraction and restoration of disc height and restores foraminal apertures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo biomechanical properties of a titanium intervertebral cage alone and in combination with PSRF in the lumbosacral spine of dogs. The range of motion, neutral zone, neutral zone stiffness and elastic zone stiffness of the lumbosacral joint (L7-S1) of nine canine cadavers were determined in flexion/extension, lateral bending and axial rotation for four conditions: (1) native (unmodified) spine; (2) dorsal laminectomy and discectomy; (3) stand-alone cage; and (4) cage in combination with PSRF. The intervertebral disc height decreased after dorsal laminectomy, but increased after insertion of the cage. Insertion of the stand-alone cage decreased the range of motion and neutral zone compared to the laminectomy-discectomy and increased neutral zone stiffness in all directions. The range of motion further decreased after PSRF. From a biomechanical point of view, the use of a stand-alone intervertebral cage is a potential alternative to dorsal fixation of the lumbosacral junction, since it increases spinal stability and restores disc height.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Cadaver', 'Diskectomy', 'Dogs', 'Intervertebral Disc', 'Laminectomy', 'Lumbosacral Region', 'Pedicle Screws', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Titanium']
| 28,190,488
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['E02.718.444', 'E04.188.350', 'E04.555.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A02.165.308.410', 'A02.835.232.834.432', 'A10.165.382.350.050'], ['E02.718.563', 'E04.188.400', 'E04.525.450', 'E04.555.350'], ['A01.923.176.519'], ['E07.695.370.437.500', 'E07.858.442.660.460.437.500', 'E07.858.690.725.460.437.500'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['D01.268.557.800', 'D01.268.956.878', 'D01.552.547.800']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
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