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Reduction in FSH Throughout the Menstrual Cycle After Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Young Normal Weight but not Obese Women.
|
Dietary fish oil restores ovarian function in subfertile rats, which is thought to be associated with decreased transcription of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) â-subunit. We have previously demonstrated a reduction in early follicular serum FSH levels in normal weight but not obese women after treatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Herein, we report the effect of supplementation with omega-3 PUFA on urinary reproductive hormones across the whole menstrual cycle. This interventional study included 17 eumenorrheic women, aged 24-41 years. One month of daily morning urine was collected before and after 1 month of omega-3 PUFA supplementation with 4 g of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid daily. Measurements included urinary FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH) and estrogen and progesterone metabolites, plasma fatty acid composition, and markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Compliance with dietary supplementation was verified by significantly reduced ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 PUFA for all subjects after treatment (P < .01). After 1 month of omega-3 PUFA supplementation, urinary FSH was significantly decreased in normal weight, but not obese women, in both follicular and luteal phases (-28.4% and -12.6%, respectively, both P = .04). No significant changes were seen in LH or sex steroids for either weight group. The selective and specific decrease in FSH suggests that omega-3 PUFA supplementation merits further investigation in normal weight women with decreased fertility and/or diminished ovarian reserve.
|
['Adult', 'Dietary Supplements', 'Docosahexaenoic Acids', 'Eicosapentaenoic Acid', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Follicle Stimulating Hormone', 'Humans', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Menstrual Cycle', 'Obesity', 'Progestins', 'Young Adult']
| 30,773,100
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G07.203.300.456', 'J02.500.456'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.210', 'D10.251.355.337.250', 'D10.627.430.450.375'], ['D10.212.302.380.410.385', 'D10.251.355.255.200', 'D10.251.355.337.290', 'D10.627.430.450.390'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.288', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.288', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.288'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['G08.686.605'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.858'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
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|
Studies on hemoglobinuria produced by venom from the Australian snake Tropidechis carinatus (rough-scaled snake).
|
Hemoglobinuria occurs in rats, but not in mice, after i.p. application of Tropidechis carinatus venom. By gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 and G-50 and chromatography on SP-Sephadex C-25 and DEAE-cellulose, a coagulant factor and a phospholipase A were isolated from the venom which in combination only, produced hemoglobinuria.
|
['Animals', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Coagulants', 'Elapid Venoms', 'Hemoglobinuria', 'Phospholipases A', 'Rats']
| 7,164,111
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D27.505.954.502.270'], ['D20.888.850.325', 'D23.946.833.850.325'], ['C12.777.934.734.634', 'C13.351.968.934.734.634', 'C23.888.942.750.634'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Clozapine treatment of bipolar disorder in a young adolescent.
|
A 13-year-old boy with a 4-year history of bipolar disorder and concomitant obsessive-compulsive disorder required four hospitalizations and two partial hospitalizations due to inadequate responses to combinations of neuroleptics and traditional treatments for bipolar disorder. The use of clozapine in combination with lithium and clomipramine facilitated successful discharge from the hospital and return to a structured school setting. Significant adverse affects from interactions between valproic acid and clozapine necessitated discontinuation of valproic acid.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Clozapine', 'Drug Interactions', 'Hallucinations', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Valproic Acid']
| 7,995,796
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.084.500'], ['D03.633.300.240.220'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['C10.597.606.762.300', 'C23.888.592.604.764.300', 'F01.700.750.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.080.600'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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| 1
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Efficacy of clobazam as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.
|
PURPOSE: Clobazam (CLB) has an important antiepileptic effect and is less expensive than the new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), but still has not been considered as first-line drug in the treatment of epilepsy. We evaluated the efficacy of CLB as add-on therapy in patients with refractory partial epilepsy.METHODS: This was an open, retrospective study, conducted at the epilepsy clinic of our university hospital. All patients had chronic epilepsy and were being evaluated for epilepsy surgery. CLB was introduced as add-on therapy (starting with 10 mg/ day) in patients with previous failure of at least two AEDs. Information was obtained from clinical notes and follow-up visits.RESULTS: We evaluated 97 patients, 37 men and 60 women. Ages ranged from 15 to 70 years (mean, 35.8 years). Etiology of epilepsy was hippocampal atrophy in 67 (69%), cortical dysgenesis in nine (9.3%), and other etiologies in nine (9.3%). In 12 (12.3%) patients, the etiology of epilepsy was not identified despite clinical and neurologic investigation. Patients used CLB for a period ranging from 1 month to 7 years and 9 months (mean, 16.7 months) with doses ranging from 10 to 60 mg/day (mean, 29.7 mg/day). Seven (7.2%) patients were seizure free, 48 (49.4%) had > or =50% of improvement in seizure control, 39 (40.2%) had <50% of improvement in seizure control, and in three (3.1%), no data were available.CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that CLB may have efficacy equivalent to that of the new AEDs when used as add-on therapy in patients with refractory epilepsy. CLB should be considered an economic alternative in the treatment of patients with refractory epilepsy.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anti-Anxiety Agents', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Benzodiazepines', 'Clobazam', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Epilepsies, Partial', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Survival Analysis', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 11,440,350
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.210.950.015', 'D27.505.954.427.700.872.015'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['D03.633.100.079.080'], ['D03.633.100.079.080.165'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['C10.228.140.490.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A Novel and Faster Method to Obtain a Differentiated 3-Dimensional Tissue Engineered Bladder.
|
PURPOSE: We report what is to our knowledge a novel approach that led to the rapid development of a 3-dimensional bladder model, including a differentiated urothelium reconstructed without a period of exposure to the air-liquid interface.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Bilayered bladder constructs were produced using anchored mesenchymal cell seeded collagen gels to create the mesenchymal layer. Gels were coated with urine for 20 minutes before urothelial cell seeding. The 3-dimensional bladder models were cultured under submerged conditions for 15 days.RESULTS: Pure urine coating of the collagen matrix surface combined with its intermittent presence during urothelial development was found to be best to maintain urothelial cell properties. Immunohistological and ultrastructural analyses showed the formation of a pseudostratified urothelium devoid of abnormal K14 expression, allowing for uroplakin trafficking and forming an asymmetrical unit membrane at the apical surface.CONCLUSIONS: Such tissues could be adapted for clinical applications, including bladder repair. In the context of basic science this model could serve as a good alternative to animal use for fundamental and pharmacological studies of normal or pathological bladder tissues.
|
['Cell Differentiation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Humans', 'Time Factors', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Urinary Bladder', 'Urothelium']
| 25,758,608
|
[['G04.152'], ['A11.251'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['A05.810.890'], ['A10.272.850']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
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Decreased plasma brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in unmedicated bipolar patients during manic episode.
|
BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been increasingly associated with abnormalities in neuroplasticity and cellular resilience. Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) gene has been considered an important candidate marker for the development of bipolar disorder and this neurotrophin seems involved in intracellular pathways modulated by mood stabilizers. Also, previous studies demonstrated a role for BDNF in the pathophysiology and clinical presentation of mood disorders.METHODS: We investigated whether BDNF levels are altered during mania. Sixty subjects (14 M and 46 F) were selected and included in the study. Thirty patients meeting SCID-I criteria for manic episode were age and gender matched with thirty healthy controls. Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) evaluated the severity of manic episode and its possible association with the neurotrophin levels.RESULTS: Mean BDNF levels were significantly decreased in drug free/naive (224.8 +/- 76.5 pg/ml) compared to healthy controls (318.5 +/- 114.2), p < .001]. Severity of the manic episode presented a significant negatively correlation to plasma BDNF levels (r= .78; p < .001; Pearson test).CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these results suggest that the decreased plasma BDNF levels may be directly associated with the pathophysiology and severity of manic symptoms in BD. Further studies are necessary to clarify the role of BDNF as a putative biological marker in BD.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers', 'Bipolar Disorder', 'Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychiatric Status Rating Scales', 'Reference Values', 'Statistics as Topic']
| 16,893,527
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101'], ['F03.084.500'], ['D12.644.276.860.100', 'D12.776.467.860.100', 'D12.776.631.600.100', 'D23.529.850.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.711.513.653'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Anomeric configuration, glycosidic linkage, and the solution conformational entropy of O-linked disaccharides.
|
Oligosaccharides perform a large number of biological roles, as dictated by their chemical structure and spatial arrangement. While conformational entropies are usually determined in vacuo by computer modeling, molecular recognition processes normally take place in solution. Here I show results of experiments using size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), an entropically driven solution technique. These clearly differentiate the individual contributions of the alpha and beta anomeric configurations and of the (1 --> 4) and (1 --> 6) glycosidic linkages to the solution conformational entropy of O-linked disaccharides. I also distinguish between the members of the epimeric disaccharide pair isomaltose-melibiose and trace the difference to that between their constituent monosaccharides, alpha-glucose and alpha-galactose.
|
['Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Disaccharides', 'Entropy', 'Glycosides']
| 12,670,236
|
[['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['D09.698.629.305', 'D09.947.750'], ['G01.906.345'], ['D09.408']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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MagiProbe: a novel fluorescence quenching-based oligonucleotide probe carrying a fluorophore and an intercalator (II).
|
MagiProbe is a fluorescence quenching-based oligonucleotide probe and applicable to homogeneous nucleic acid assays. Further advantage of this probe is its inherent ability to discriminate between matched and mismatched duplex without reliance on the difference of thermal stability. To improve discriminating ability, the relationships between a position of mismatch in MagiProbe and a power of discrimination were studied. This resulted that intercalation of pyrene was destabilized by a mismatch but still stabilized by neighboring matched base pairs. To afford multiplexing capacity of nucleic acid detection assays to MagiProbe, a variety of differently colored fluorophores were tested in this system. Although each fluorophore showed a different response to hybridization, a couple of promising fluorophores were founded.
|
['Base Sequence', 'Fluorescence', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Heteroduplex Analysis', 'Intercalating Agents', 'Oligonucleotide Probes']
| 12,836,324
|
[['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['E05.393.661.250'], ['D27.720.470.410.360'], ['D13.444.600.601', 'D27.505.259.750.600.650', 'D27.720.470.530.600.650']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis of new conformationally constrained pentasaccharides as molecular probes to investigate the biological activity of heparin.
|
We have synthesized three new antithrombin activating pentasaccharides displaying various sulfation patterns on the reducing end unit (H). We found that when L-iduronic acid stands in the 2S(0) conformation, the sulfate groups at positions 3 and 6 of the reducing end unit are practically devoid of influence on the activation of antithrombin. This suggests that the positive role of these sulfates is more related to their ability to shift the conformational equilibrium of L-iduronic acid towards 3S(0) than to directly interact with the protein.
|
['Antithrombin III', 'Antithrombins', 'Binding Sites', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Carbohydrate Sequence', 'Glycoproteins', 'Heparin', 'Iduronic Acid', 'Molecular Probes', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligosaccharides', 'Structure-Activity Relationship', 'Sulfates']
| 12,765,779
|
[['D12.644.861.060.500', 'D12.776.124.790.106.125', 'D12.776.377.715.085.125', 'D12.776.872.060.500', 'D23.113.025'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.800.449', 'D27.505.954.502.119.500'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['G02.111.570.160', 'L01.453.245.667.160'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400.500', 'D02.241.152.811.400.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400.500', 'D09.811.922.400.500'], ['D27.505.259.750', 'D27.720.470.530'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D09.698.629'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The in vitro and in vivo validation of a mobile non-contact camera-based digital imaging system for tooth colour measurement.
|
OBJECTIVE: To assess the reproducibility of a mobile non-contact camera-based digital imaging system (DIS) for measuring tooth colour under in vitro and in vivo conditions.METHODS: One in vitro and two in vivo studies were performed using a mobile non-contact camera-based digital imaging system. In vitro study: two operators used the DIS to image 10 dry tooth specimens in a randomised order on three occasions. In vivo study 1:25 subjects with two natural, normally aligned, upper central incisors had their teeth imaged using the DIS on four consecutive days by one operator to measure day-to-day variability. On one of the four test days, duplicate images were collected by three different operators to measure inter- and intra-operator variability. In vivo study 2:11 subjects with two natural, normally aligned, upper central incisors had their teeth imaged using the DIS twice daily over three days within the same week to assess day-to-day variability. Three operators collected images from subjects in a randomised order to measure inter- and intra-operator variability.RESULTS: Subject-to-subject variability was the largest source of variation within the data. Pairwise correlations and concordance coefficients were > 0.7 for each operator, demonstrating good precision and excellent operator agreement in each of the studies. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for each operator indicate that day-to-day reliability was good to excellent, where all ICC's where > 0.75 for each operator.CONCLUSION: The mobile non-contact camera-based digital imaging system was shown to be a reproducible means of measuring tooth colour in both in vitro and in vivo experiments.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Color', 'Colorimetry', 'Cuspid', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Incisor', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Observer Variation', 'Photography, Dental', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Time Factors', 'Tooth']
| 18,646,365
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['E05.196.922.250'], ['A14.549.167.860.200'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['A14.549.167.860.425'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.354.753', 'N02.421.450.600', 'N05.715.350.150.675', 'N06.850.490.500.250'], ['E01.370.350.600.631', 'E05.712.315', 'E06.342.488'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A14.549.167.860']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Materials used in drinking water distribution systems: contribution to taste-and-odor.
|
In order to assist drinking water utilities with identifying the possible sources and causes of taste-and-odor conditions associated with materials used in distribution systems, we evaluated information from case studies and a database from the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF), International. This database identified chemicals that had leached from drinking water system components during testing of materials under ANSI/NSF Standard 61, which provides information to water utilities on potential taste-and-odor and health concerns from the use of new materials. The data were arranged to provide a process for locating the potential source of a taste-and-odor event. After a sensory analysis is conducted on the drinking water samples, the descriptor can be matched with categories on the "Drinking Water Taste and Odor Wheel 2000" in order to suggest the candidate material.
|
['Databases, Factual', 'Equipment Design', 'Materials Testing', 'Odorants', 'Reference Values', 'Sanitation', 'Taste', 'Water Supply']
| 15,237,628
|
[['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E05.320'], ['E05.570'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['E05.978.810'], ['H02.229.782', 'N06.850.780.200.800', 'N06.850.860'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Peri-implant osseointegration after low-level laser therapy: micro-computed tomography and resonance frequency analysis in an animal model.
|
The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy on the osseointegration process by comparing resonance frequency analysis measurements performed at implant placement and after 30 days and micro-computed tomography images in irradiated vs nonirradiated rabbits. Fourteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of seven animals each, one control group (nonirradiated animals) and one experimental group that received low-level laser therapy (Thera Lase®, aluminum-gallium-arsenide laser diode, 10 J per spot, two spots per session, seven sessions, 830 nm, 50 mW, CW, ? 0.0028 cm2). The mandibular left incisor was surgically extracted in all animals, and one osseointegrated implant was placed immediately afterward (3.25? ? 11.5 mm; NanoTite, BIOMET 3i). Resonance frequency analysis was performed with the Osstell® device at implant placement and at 30 days (immediately before euthanasia). Micro-computed tomography analyses were then conducted using a high-resolution scanner (SkyScan 1172 X-ray Micro-CT) to evaluate the amount of newly formed bone around the implants. Irradiated animals showed significantly higher implant stability quotients at 30 days (64.286 ± 1.596; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 60.808-67.764) than controls (56.357 ± 1.596; 95 %CI 52.879-59.835) (P = .000). The percentage of newly formed bone around the implants was also significantly higher in irradiated animals (75.523 ± 8.510; 95 %CI 61.893-89.155) than in controls (55.012 ± 19.840; 95 %CI 41.380-68.643) (P = .027). Laser therapy, based on the irradiation protocol used in this study, was able to provide greater implant stability and increase the volume of peri-implant newly formed bone, indicating that laser irradiation effected an improvement in the osseointegration process.
|
['Animals', 'Dental Implantation, Endosseous', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Lasers, Semiconductor', 'Low-Level Light Therapy', 'Male', 'Mandible', 'Osseointegration', 'Rabbits', 'Random Allocation', 'X-Ray Microtomography']
| 27,534,769
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.545.550.280.280', 'E04.650.230.500', 'E06.645.550.280.280', 'E06.780.314.310'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E07.632.490.480', 'E07.710.520.480'], ['E02.594.540', 'E02.774.500'], ['A02.835.232.781.324.502.632', 'A14.521.632'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['E01.370.350.700.810.810.900', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Reversible male sterility: a novel system for the production of hybrid corn.
|
Hybrid corn seed is traditionally produced using either mechanical/hand detasseling or cytoplasmic male sterility, or a combination of both. In recent years, the development of transgenic systems to produce hybrid seed in several crops has attracted much attention. Here we describe a transgenic mechanism for production of hybrid corn, reversible male sterility (RMS), in which the action of the cytotoxic gene used to introduce male sterility is suppressed by the application of a chemical to the plant. Reversion of the sterility allows the RMS parent to be self-fertilized, a step which overcomes the need to remove fertile sib plants prior to making the hybrid cross. The key enabling technology in RMS is the use of a plant gene promoter which is specifically induced by chemical application. We have exemplified RMS in transgenic corn plants and believe that it provides specific benefits in the production of hybrid corn seed.
|
['Hybridization, Genetic', 'Phenotype', 'Plants, Genetically Modified', 'Reproduction', 'Zea mays']
| 10,645,437
|
[['E05.820.150.390', 'G05.090.390'], ['G05.695'], ['B01.650.520', 'B05.620.600'], ['G08.686.784'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Microtubule-dependent plus- and minus end-directed motilities are competing processes for nuclear targeting of adenovirus.
|
Adenovirus (Ad) enters target cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis, escapes to the cytosol, and then delivers its DNA genome into the nucleus. Here we analyzed the trafficking of fluorophore-tagged viruses in HeLa and TC7 cells by time-lapse microscopy. Our results show that native or taxol-stabilized microtubules (MTs) support alternating minus- and plus end-directed movements of cytosolic virus with elementary speeds up to 2.6 micrometer/s. No directed movement was observed in nocodazole-treated cells. Switching between plus- and minus end-directed elementary speeds at frequencies up to 1 Hz was observed in the periphery and near the MT organizing center (MTOC) after recovery from nocodazole treatment. MT-dependent motilities allowed virus accumulation near the MTOC at population speeds of 1-10 micrometer/min, depending on the cell type. Overexpression of p50/dynamitin, which is known to affect dynein-dependent minus end-directed vesicular transport, significantly reduced the extent and the frequency of minus end-directed migration of cytosolic virus, and increased the frequency, but not the extent of plus end-directed motility. The data imply that a single cytosolic Ad particle engages with two types of MT-dependent motor activities, the minus end- directed cytoplasmic dynein and an unknown plus end- directed activity.
|
['Adenoviruses, Human', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Nucleus', 'Chlorocebus aethiops', 'Cytosol', 'DNA Primers', 'Dynactin Complex', 'Dyneins', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Luminescent Proteins', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Microtubule-Associated Proteins', 'Microtubules', 'Molecular Motor Proteins', 'Movement', 'Nocodazole', 'Paclitaxel', 'Virus Replication']
| 10,037,788
|
[['B04.280.030.500.350'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['A11.251.210'], ['A11.284.430.106', 'A11.284.430.214.190.875.117'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.126.110'], ['A11.284.430.214.200', 'A11.284.430.429.200', 'A11.284.835.450.200'], ['D13.695.578.424.450.275', 'D27.720.470.530.600.223.600'], ['D05.500.142', 'D12.776.220.600.450.150', 'D12.776.631.560.225'], ['D08.811.277.040.013.500.063', 'D08.811.277.040.025.024.063', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193.249', 'D12.776.157.025.750.063', 'D12.776.220.600.200'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.532'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['D12.776.220.600.450', 'D12.776.631.560'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.750.602'], ['D05.500.500', 'D08.811.277.040.025.193'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['D03.633.100.103.637'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['G06.920.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A comparison of mental health of multiple sclerosis patients with silver/mercury dental fillings and those with fillings removed.
|
In this study was compared the mental health status of 47 multiple sclerosis patients with silver/mercury tooth fillings (amalgams) to that of 50 patients with their fillings removed. On the Beck Depression Inventory the multiple sclerosis subjects with amalgams suffered significantly more depression while their scores on the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory indicated the former group also exhibited significantly more anger. On the SCL-90 Revised, subjects with amalgam fillings had significantly more symptoms of depression, hostility, psychotism, and were more obsessive-compulsive than the patients with such fillings removed. On a questionnaire containing 18 mental health symptoms multiple sclerosis subjects with amalgam fillings reported a history of 43% more symptoms than those without amalgam fillings over the past 12 months. These data suggested that the poorer mental health status exhibited by multiple sclerosis subjects with dental amalgam fillings may be associated with mercury toxicity from the amalgam.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Dental Amalgam', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mercury Poisoning', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Personality Inventory', 'Risk Factors', 'Sick Role', 'Substance-Related Disorders']
| 1,496,084
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D25.339.208.291', 'J01.637.051.339.208.291'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C25.723.522.875'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.829.316.616.751'], ['C25.775', 'F03.900']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Modulating estrogen receptor-related receptor-alpha activity inhibits cell proliferation.
|
High expression of the estrogen receptor-related receptor (ERR)-alpha in human tumors is correlated to a poor prognosis, suggesting an involvement of the receptor in cell proliferation. In this study, we show that a synthetic compound (XCT790) that modulates the activity of ERRalpha reduces the proliferation of various cell lines and blocks the G(1)/S transition of the cell cycle in an ERRalpha-dependent manner. XCT790 induces, in a p53-independent manner, the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21(waf/cip)(1) at the protein, mRNA, and promoter level, leading to an accumulation of hypophosphorylated Rb. Finally, XCT790 reduces cell tumorigenicity in Nude mice.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Cycle', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Down-Regulation', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Neoplasms', 'Nitriles', 'Receptors, Estrogen', 'Thiazoles']
| 19,546,226
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.144'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G02.111.240', 'G05.308.200', 'G07.690.773.937'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04'], ['D02.626'], ['D12.776.826.750.350', 'D12.776.930.778.350'], ['D02.886.675', 'D03.383.129.708']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Suppressive effect of prolactin on oestrogen-induced secretion of LH by sequentially perifused rat hypothalamus-pituitary.
|
The effect of prolactin (Prl) on oestrogen-induced gonadotrophin secretion was examined in vitro in a sequential double chamber perfusion system. As control groups, mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH)-pituitary pairs or pituitaries without the MBHs were perifused with Medium 199. As an experimental group, MBH-pituitary pairs were perifused with Medium 199 containing 1 micrograms/ml of rat Prl. These groups were stimulated with 10(-7) M oestradiol-17 beta (E2) for 30 min, and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the serial fractions of effluent was measured. In the control group of MBH-pituitary pairs perifused with medium without Prl, secretion of LH began to rise within 30 min after the beginning of stimulation, reached a peak 30 min after the end of stimulation and then remained at a plateau for the rest of the experimental period, whereas in the control group of pituitaries alone no significant response was observed. In the experimental group perifused with medium containing Prl, LH-secretion showed peaks 20 and 80 min after the end of E2-stimulation, respectively, and the first peak was significantly (P less than 0.01) less than the level in the control group. These data demonstrate that Prl at this concentration suppressed the rapid LH release induced by E2. Its site of action is suggested to be at the hypothalamic level, and its possible mechanism of action is discussed.
|
['Animals', 'Culture Media', 'Estradiol', 'Female', 'Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System', 'Luteinizing Hormone', 'Perfusion', 'Prolactin', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains']
| 3,969,813
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.720.470.305', 'E07.206'], ['D04.210.500.365.415.248', 'D06.472.334.851.437.500'], ['A06.688.357', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435', 'A08.713.357'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.463', 'D06.472.699.631.525.343.463', 'D12.644.548.691.525.343.463'], ['E05.680'], ['D06.472.699.322.576.773', 'D06.472.699.631.525.525', 'D12.644.548.691.525.525'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Relationships between wheelchair skills, wheelchair mobility and level of injury in individuals with spinal cord injury.
|
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional.OBJECTIVES: To describe the manual wheelchair (MWC) skill profiles of experienced MWC users with spinal cord injury and their wheeled mobility (distance and speed) while considering their level of injury and age.SETTING: Rehabilitation centers, participant's home and the community.METHODS: MWC skills were evaluated using the wheelchair skills test (WST) and wheeled mobility data were collected in the participants' own environment over a 7-day period, using a Cateye cycle computer (VELO 8). A total of 54 participants took part in the study.RESULTS: The mean total performance score of the sample on the WST was 80.7±11.8%, with a significant difference between participants with tetraplegia (C4-C8) and those with low-level paraplegia (T7-L2) (P<0.01). The average daily distance covered was 2.5±2.1 km at 1.7±0.9 km h(-1), with no significant difference between participants with paraplegia and those with tetraplegia (wheeled distance: P=0.70; speed: P=0.65). Significant relationships were found between MWC skills and daily wheeled distance (r=-0.32, P<0.05), but the correlation between these variables did not remain significant when controlling for age (partial r=0.26, P=0.07).CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the level of injury is related to MWC skills but not wheeled mobility. MWC skills are related to greater wheeled distance, but to a lesser extent when controlling for age.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Exercise Tolerance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Skills', 'Paraplegia', 'Spinal Cord Injuries', 'Trauma Severity Indices', 'Wheelchairs', 'Young Adult']
| 21,931,330
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G11.427.680.270'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.808.260'], ['C10.597.622.669', 'C23.888.592.636.637'], ['C10.228.854.763', 'C10.900.850', 'C26.819'], ['E05.318.308.940.968.875', 'E05.944', 'N04.452.859.564.800', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500.800', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968.875'], ['E07.796.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A comparison of thalamocortical and other synaptic inputs to dendrites of two non-spiny neurons in a single barrel of mouse SmI cortex.
|
A Golgi impregnated, non-spiny multipolar cell whose soma occurred in layer V of the region of mouse SmI cortex containing the posteromedial barrel subfield (PMBSF) (Woolsey and Van der Loos, '70) was gold-toned and deimpregnated (Fairen et al., '77). Two of its dendrites, contained within a single PMBSF barrel, were serial thin-sectioned and then reconstructed in three dimensions. Dendrites of an unimpregnated, non-spiny layer IV bitufted cell, present within the same barrel, were also reconstructed in three dimensions from the series of thin sections. This approach permitted a comparison of the distribution of synapses along dendrites of the two non-spiny neurons. Results showed dendrites of the layer IV bitufted cell formed about twice as many synapses per unit length as those of the multipolar cell. Particularly striking was the contrast between the large number of synapses made by degenerating thalamocortical axon terminals with the dendrites of the bitufted cell and the rarity with which such synapses occur on dendrites of the multipolar cell. Furthermore, the proportion of the total number of synapses made by thalamocortical axons terminals onto dendrites of the bitufted cell was six times greater than the proportion of the thalamocortical synapses onto the multipolar cell dendrites.
|
['Animals', 'Brain Mapping', 'Dendrites', 'Mice', 'Microscopy, Electron', 'Neural Pathways', 'Neurons', 'Somatosensory Cortex', 'Synapses', 'Thalamic Nuclei']
| 7,251,926
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['A08.675.256', 'A11.284.180.225', 'A11.671.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.515.402', 'E05.595.402'], ['A08.612'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.670.675', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.906'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transcriptional co-activator PGC-1 alpha drives the formation of slow-twitch muscle fibres.
|
The biochemical basis for the regulation of fibre-type determination in skeletal muscle is not well understood. In addition to the expression of particular myofibrillar proteins, type I (slow-twitch) fibres are much higher in mitochondrial content and are more dependent on oxidative metabolism than type II (fast-twitch) fibres. We have previously identified a transcriptional co-activator, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-1 (PGC-1 alpha), which is expressed in several tissues including brown fat and skeletal muscle, and that activates mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism. We show here that PGC-1 alpha is expressed preferentially in muscle enriched in type I fibres. When PGC-1 alpha is expressed at physiological levels in transgenic mice driven by a muscle creatine kinase (MCK) promoter, a fibre type conversion is observed: muscles normally rich in type II fibres are redder and activate genes of mitochondrial oxidative metabolism. Notably, putative type II muscles from PGC-1 alpha transgenic mice also express proteins characteristic of type I fibres, such as troponin I (slow) and myoglobin, and show a much greater resistance to electrically stimulated fatigue. Using fibre-type-specific promoters, we show in cultured muscle cells that PGC-1 alpha activates transcription in cooperation with Mef2 proteins and serves as a target for calcineurin signalling, which has been implicated in slow fibre gene expression. These data indicate that PGC-1 alpha is a principal factor regulating muscle fibre type determination.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Line', 'Creatine Kinase', 'Creatine Kinase, MM Form', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Isoenzymes', 'MEF2 Transcription Factors', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Muscle Fatigue', 'Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch', 'Muscle, Skeletal', 'Myogenic Regulatory Factors', 'Myoglobin', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Transcriptional Activation', 'Transgenes', 'Troponin I']
| 12,181,572
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150'], ['D08.811.913.696.640.150.875'], ['D12.776.260'], ['E05.723.402'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['D12.776.210.500.570.294', 'D12.776.260.103.750.294', 'D12.776.260.400.249.624', 'D12.776.930.125.750.294', 'D12.776.930.397.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['G11.427.550'], ['A10.690.552.500.500.700', 'A11.620.249.700'], ['A02.633.567', 'A10.690.552.500'], ['D12.776.210.500.570', 'D12.776.260.103.750', 'D12.776.930.125.750'], ['D12.776.210.500.588', 'D12.776.422.316.940'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['D12.776.930'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G05.308.800'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.825'], ['D05.500.945.925', 'D05.750.078.730.825.925', 'D12.776.210.500.910.925', 'D12.776.220.525.825.925']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Targeted metabolome analysis of the dog brain exposed to PCBs suggests inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation by hydroxylated PCBs.
|
Canis lupus familiaris (domestic dog) possess a high capacity to metabolize higher-chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) to thyroid hormone (TH)-like hydroxylated PCB metabolites (OH-PCBs). As a result, the brain could be at high risk of toxicity caused by OH-PCBs. To evaluate the effect of OH-PCBs on dog brain, we analyzed OH-PCB levels in the brain and the metabolome of the frontal cortex following exposure to a mixture of PCBs (CB18, 28, 70, 77, 99, 101, 118, 138, 153, 180, 187, and 202). 4-OH-CB202 and 4-OH-CB107 were major OH-PCBs in the brain of PCB-exposed dogs. These OH-PCBs were associated with metabolites involved in urea cycle, proline-related compounds, and purine, pyrimidine, glutathione, and amino-acid metabolism in dog brain. Moreover, adenosine triphosphate levels in the PCBs exposure group were significantly lower than in the control group. These results suggest that OH-PCB exposure is associated with a disruption in TH homeostasis, generation of reactive oxygen species, and/or disruption of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in brain cells. Among them, OXPHOS disturbance could be associated with both disruptions in cellular amino-acid metabolism and urea cycle. Therefore, an OXPHOS activity assay was performed to evaluate the disruption of OXPHOS by OH-PCBs. The results indicated that 4-OH-CB107 inhibits the function of Complexes III, IV, and V of the electron transport chain, suggesting that 4-OH-CB107 inhibit these complexes in OXPHOS. The neurotoxic effects of PCB exposure may be mediated through mitochondrial toxicity of OH-PCBs in the brain.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphate', 'Animals', 'Brain Chemistry', 'Dogs', 'Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Hydroxylation', 'Male', 'Metabolome', 'Neurotoxins', 'Oxidative Phosphorylation', 'Polychlorinated Biphenyls', 'Reactive Oxygen Species', 'Thyroid Hormones', 'Urea']
| 31,195,005
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138.236', 'D13.695.667.138.236', 'D13.695.827.068.236'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.150', 'G03.185'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D08.811.600.250', 'D12.776.543.277'], ['D27.888.284'], ['G02.111.385', 'G02.607.348', 'G03.425'], ['G03.500'], ['D27.888.569.504'], ['G02.111.665.550', 'G03.295.631', 'G03.796.550'], ['D02.309.750', 'D02.455.426.559.389.185.698', 'D02.455.526.439.773'], ['D01.339.431', 'D01.650.775'], ['D06.472.931'], ['D02.065.950']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Alcohol and coronary artery calcium prevalence, incidence, and progression: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).
|
BACKGROUND: Alcohol use has been consistently found to have a J-shaped association with coronary heart disease, with moderate drinkers exhibiting a decreased risk compared with both heavy drinkers and nondrinkers. However, results of studies of the association between alcohol use and subclinical coronary artery disease are conflicting.OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine whether alcohol is associated with the presence, amount, or progression of coronary calcium over a 2- to 4-y period.DESIGN: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a prospective community-based cohort study of subclinical cardiovascular disease in a multi-ethnic cohort. In 2000-2002, 6814 participants free of clinical cardiovascular disease were enrolled at 6 participating centers.RESULTS: The subjects consisted of 3766 (55.5%) current drinkers, 1635 (24.1%) former drinkers, and 1390 (20.5%) never drinkers. Although light-to-moderate alcohol consumption was associated with lower coronary heart disease risk, we found no evidence of a protective or J-shaped association of alcohol and coronary artery calcium (CAC). In fact, there was evidence that heavy consumption of hard liquor was associated with greater CAC accumulation. Other alcoholic beverages were not associated with CAC prevalence, incidence, or progression.CONCLUSIONS: This was the first large study to evaluate the association of alcohol with CAC in 4 racial-ethnic groups and to evaluate the progression of calcification. These results suggest that the cardiovascular benefits that may be derived from light-to-moderate alcohol consumption are not mediated through reduced CAC accumulation.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Calcinosis', 'Cohort Studies', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Coronary Vessels', 'Disease Progression', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'United States']
| 19,064,520
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['A07.015.114.269', 'A07.015.908.194'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Feasibility of two low-cost organic substrates for inducing denitrification in artificial recharge ponds: Batch and flow-through experiments.
|
Anaerobic batch and flow-through experiments were performed to assess the capacity of two organic substrates to promote denitrification of nitrate-contaminated groundwater within managed artificial recharge systems (MAR) in arid or semi-arid regions. Denitrification in MAR systems can be achieved through artificial recharge ponds coupled with a permeable reactive barrier in the form of a reactive organic layer. In arid or semi-arid regions, short-term efficient organic substrates are required due to the short recharge periods. We examined the effectiveness of two low-cost, easily available and easily handled organic substrates, commercial plant-based compost and crushed palm tree leaves, to determine the feasibility of using them in these systems. Chemical and multi-isotopic monitoring (ä15NNO3, ä18ONO3, ä34SSO4, ä18OSO4) of the laboratory experiments confirmed that both organic substrates induced denitrification. Complete nitrate removal was achieved in all the experiments with a slight transient nitrite accumulation. In the flow-through experiments, ammonium release was observed at the beginning of both experiments and lasted longer for the experiment with palm tree leaves. Isotopic characterisation of the released ammonium suggested ammonium leaching from both organic substrates at the beginning of the experiments and pointed to ammonium production by DNRA for the palm tree leaves experiment, which would only account for a maximum of 15% of the nitrate attenuation. Sulphate reduction was achieved in both column experiments. The amount of organic carbon consumed during denitrification and sulphate reduction was 0.8‰ of the total organic carbon present in commercial compost and 4.4% for the palm tree leaves. The N and O isotopic fractionation values obtained (åN and åO) were -10.4‰ and -9.0‰ for the commercial compost (combining data from both batch and column experiments), and -9.9‰ and -8.6‰ for the palm tree column, respectively. Both materials showed a satisfactory capacity for denitrification, but the palm tree leaves gave a higher denitrification rate and yield (amount of nitrate consumed per amount of available C) than commercial compost.
|
['Algeria', 'Ammonium Compounds', 'Arecaceae', 'Chemical Fractionation', 'Denitrification', 'Environmental Monitoring', 'Groundwater', 'Nitrates', 'Nitrogen Isotopes', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxygen Isotopes', 'Plant Leaves', 'Ponds', 'Spain', 'Sulfates', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification']
| 28,131,436
|
[['Z01.058.266.104'], ['D01.625.062'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.093'], ['E05.196.155'], ['G02.111.587.250', 'G02.607.560.250', 'G16.500.768.249'], ['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['G01.311.355'], ['D01.248.497.158.606', 'D01.625.525.550', 'D02.583'], ['D01.268.604.500', 'D01.362.625.500', 'D01.496.586'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.268.185.550.500', 'D01.362.670.300', 'D01.496.625'], ['A18.024.812'], ['G01.311.718', 'G16.500.275.280.625', 'N06.230.232.625'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Multiple integrin ligands provide a highly adhesive and osteoinductive surface that improves selective cell retention technology.
|
Among various bone tissue engineering strategies, selective cell retention (SCR) technology has been used as a practical clinical method for bone graft manufacturing in real time. The more mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are retained, the better the osteoinductive microenvironment provided by the scaffold, which in turn promotes the osteogenesis of the SCR-fabricated bone grafts. Integrin receptors are crucial to cell-matrix adhesion and signal transduction. We designed a collagen-binding domain (CBD)-containing IKVAV-cRGD peptide (CBD-IKVAV-cRGD peptide) to complement the collagen-based demineralized bone matrix (DBM) with a functionalized surface containing multiple integrin ligands, which correspond to the highly expressed integrin subtypes on MSCs. This DBM/CBD-IKVAV-cRGD composite exhibited superior in vitro adhesion capacity to cultured MSCs, as determined by oscillatory cell adhesion assay, centrifugal cell adhesion assay and mimetic SCR. Moreover, it promoted the retention of MSC-like CD271+ cells and MSC-like CD90+/CD105+ cells in the clinical SCR method. Furthermore, the DBM/CBD-IKVAV-cRGD composite induced robust MSC osteogenesis, coupled with the activation of the downstream FAK-ERK1/2 signaling pathway of integrins. The SCR-prepared DBM/CBD-IKVAV-cRGD composite displayed superior in vivo osteogenesis, indicating that it may be potentially utilized as a biomaterial in SCR-mediated bone transplantation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Selective cell retention technology (SCR) has been utilized in clinical settings to manufacture bioactive bone grafts. Specifically, demineralized bone matrix (DBM) is a widely-used SCR clinical biomaterial but it displays poor adhesion performance and osteoinduction. Improvements of the DBM that promote cell adhesion and osteoinduction will benefit SCR-prepared implants. In this work, we developed a novel peptide that complements the DBM with a functionalized surface of multiple integrin ligands, which are corresponding to integrin subtypes available on human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Our results indicate this novel functionalized bioscaffold greatly increases SCR-mediated MSC adhesion and in vivo osteogenesis. Overall, this novel material has promising SCR applications and may likely provide highly bioactive bone implants in clinical settings.
|
['Adult', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Bone Matrix', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Differentiation', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Collagen', 'Humans', 'Implants, Experimental', 'Integrins', 'Ligands', 'Male', 'Mesenchymal Stem Cells', 'Mice', 'Osseointegration', 'Osteogenesis', 'Peptides', 'Surface Properties', 'Tissue Engineering', 'Tissue Scaffolds', 'Young Adult']
| 30,557,698
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['A10.165.265.166'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.152'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.695.340'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['D27.720.470.480'], ['A11.329.830.500', 'A11.872.590.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G11.427.213.140.570', 'G16.762.150.150.570'], ['G07.345.500.325.377.625.050.500.729', 'G11.427.578.050.500.729'], ['D12.644'], ['G02.860'], ['E05.481.500.311.500', 'J01.293.069.249.500'], ['E07.206.627', 'E07.695.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Carrots, carotene and seeing in the dark.
|
Should older people eat more carrots, or at least increase their carotene intake to prevent loss of night vision? Participants in the Blue Mountains Eye Study were asked about their ability to see in the dark. Nutrient and food intake were estimated from a food frequency questionnaire. Associations between self-reported poor night vision and estimated nutrient intake were investigated using logistic regression. Poor night vision among women was associated with higher beta-carotene (P for trend = 0.03) and total vitamin A intake (P for trend = 0.048). Increased consumption of carrots, but no other food high in beta-carotene, was associated with significant increased reporting of poor night vision among women (P for trend = 0.04). While carrot intake may protect against difficulty in seeing at night, it is probable that people attributing poor driving ability to their vision may be eating more carrots in the hope of reversing this decline.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Darkness', 'Daucus carota', 'Diet', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vision, Ocular', 'Vitamin A', 'beta Carotene']
| 10,484,191
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G01.590.540.233'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.075.278'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F02.830.816.964', 'G02.111.820.480.900', 'G04.835.480.900', 'G11.561.790.964', 'G14.935'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.495.818', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.700.860', 'D02.455.849.131.495.818', 'D02.455.849.291.925', 'D23.767.261.700.860'], ['D02.455.326.271.665.202.123', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.050', 'D02.455.849.131.123', 'D23.767.261.050']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Mitochondrial DNA polymorphism in the French population.
|
One hundred unrelated individuals of French origin were screened for mtDNA variation as restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) with the restriction enzymes HpaI, BamHI, HaeII, MspI, AvaII and HincII. Twenty enzyme morphs were detected, four of which (AvaII-37Fr, -38Fr, HincII-18Fr and -19Fr) are new. Of the 17 mitotypes detected, five are new and they were named 1-19Fr, 6-18Fr, 100Fr-2 (2-1-2-4-1-2), 101Fr-2 (2-1-1-1-38Fr-2) and 102Fr-2 (2-1-1-4-37Fr-2). All new morphs and mitotypes derive from those already known due to a single nucleotide substitution. The French population was compared with other European, Mediterranean and Caucasian populations. Calculation of the genetic distances showed close genetic affinity with European-Mediterranean populations and especially with Calabrians, Majorcans and northern Italians (at negative values).
|
['DNA Restriction Enzymes', 'DNA, Mitochondrial', 'Europe', 'European Continental Ancestry Group', 'France', 'Genetic Variation', 'Humans', 'Polymorphism, Genetic', 'Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length']
| 10,392,292
|
[['D08.811.150.280', 'D08.811.277.352.335.350.300', 'D08.811.277.352.355.325.300'], ['D13.444.308.283.225'], ['Z01.542'], ['M01.686.508.400'], ['Z01.542.286'], ['G05.365'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.795'], ['G05.365.795.595']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Negative Beliefs about Voices in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder Are Associated with Distress: A Plea for Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy?
|
BACKGROUND: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are experienced by 21-54% of patients diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder (BPD), and ensuing distress is often high. Little is known about the beliefs these patients foster about their voices, and the influence thereof on distress and need for hospitalisation.METHODS: In a convenience sample of 38 BPD outpatients with AVH, data were collected with the aid of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales (PSYRATS), Beliefs about Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ), Social Comparison Rating Scale (SCRS), and Voice Power Differential Scale (VPDS).RESULTS: The majority of patients with BPD who experience AVH rate their voices as malevolent and omnipotent, and higher in social rank than themselves. Moreover, their resistance against them tends to be high. These parameters correlate positively and significantly with high levels of distress experienced in relation to these AVH. The need for hospitalisation, in turn, is associated with high scores for omnipotence of the voices and distress due to AVH. However, these findings could not be confirmed in regression analyses.CONCLUSIONS: As negative beliefs can be altered with cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT), we expect CBT to be beneficial in the treatment of AVH in BPD patients, whether or not in combination with antipsychotic medication.
|
['Adult', 'Borderline Personality Disorder', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Hallucinations', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Psychotic Disorders']
| 28,738,347
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F03.675.100'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['C10.597.606.762.300', 'C23.888.592.604.764.300', 'F01.700.750.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03.700.675']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Survey of the prevalence and methodology of quality assurance for B-mode ultrasound image quality among veterinary sonographers.
|
Image quality in B-mode ultrasound is important as it reflects the diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic information provided during clinical scanning. Quality assurance programs for B-mode ultrasound systems/components are comprised of initial quality acceptance testing and subsequent regularly scheduled quality control testing. The importance of quality assurance programs for B-mode ultrasound image quality using ultrasound phantoms is well documented in the human medical and medical physics literature. The purpose of this prospective, cross-sectional, survey study was to determine the prevalence and methodology of quality acceptance testing and quality control testing of image quality for ultrasound system/components among veterinary sonographers. An online electronic survey was sent to 1497 members of veterinary imaging organizations: the American College of Veterinary Radiology, the Veterinary Ultrasound Society, and the European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging, and a total of 167 responses were received. The results showed that the percentages of veterinary sonographers performing quality acceptance testing and quality control testing are 42% (64/151; 95% confidence interval 34-52%) and 26% (40/156: 95% confidence interval 19-33%) respectively. Of the respondents who claimed to have quality acceptance testing or quality control testing of image quality in place for their ultrasound system/components, 0% have performed quality acceptance testing or quality control testing correctly (quality acceptance testing 95% confidence interval: 0-6%, quality control testing 95% confidence interval: 0-11%). Further education and guidelines are recommended for veterinary sonographers in the area of quality acceptance testing and quality control testing for B-mode ultrasound equipment/components.
|
['Animal Technicians', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality Control', 'Ultrasonography', 'Veterinarians']
| 29,528,172
|
[['M01.526.485.067.040', 'N02.360.067.040'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E01.370.350.850'], ['M01.526.485.905', 'N02.360.905']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Oral Mucosa Model for Electrochemotherapy Treatment of Dog Mouth Cancer: Ex Vivo, In Silico, and In Vivo Experiments.
|
Electrochemotherapy (EQT) is a local cancer treatment well established to cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors. Electric fields are applied to biological tissue in order to improve membrane permeability for cytotoxic drugs. This phenomenon is called electroporation or electropermeabilization. Studies have reported that tissue conductivity is electric field dependent. Electroporation numerical models of biological tissues are essential in treatment planning. Tumors of the mouth are very common in dogs. Inadequate EQT treatment of oral tumor may be caused by significant anatomic variations between dogs and tumor position. Numerical models of oral mucosa and tumor allow the treatment planning and optimization of electrodes for each patient. In this work, oral mucosa conductivity during electroporation was characterized by measuring applied voltage and current of ex vivo rats. This electroporation model was used with a spontaneous canine oral melanoma. The model outcomes of oral tumor EQT is applied in different parts of the oral cavity including near bones and the hard palate. The numerical modeling for treatment planning will help the development of new electrodes and increase the EQT effectiveness.
|
['Animals', 'Computer Simulation', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Electrochemotherapy', 'Electrodes', 'Electroporation', 'Equipment Design', 'Male', 'Melanoma', 'Models, Biological', 'Mouth Mucosa', 'Mouth Neoplasms', 'Rats, Wistar']
| 29,027,689
|
[['B01.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['E02.319.341', 'E05.200.500.454.500', 'E05.242.448.500', 'E05.301.500.500'], ['E07.305.250'], ['E05.200.500.454', 'E05.242.448', 'E05.301.500'], ['E05.320'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['E05.599.395'], ['A10.615.550.599', 'A14.549.512'], ['C04.588.443.591', 'C07.465.530'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Spectrum of corrosive esophageal injury after intentional paraquat ingestion.
|
INTRODUCTION: This is an observational study that examines the clinical features, the degrees of esophageal injury, physiological markers, and clinical outcomes after paraquat ingestion and seeks to determine what association, if any, may exist between these findings.METHODS: The study included 16 of 1410 paraquat subjects who underwent endoscopies at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital between 1980 and 2007.RESULTS: Corrosive esophageal injuries were classified as grade 1 in 8, 2a in 5, and 2b in 3 patients. No patients had grade 0, 3a, or 3b esophageal injuries. After paraquat ingestion, systemic toxicity occurred, with rapid development of hypoxia, hepatitis, and renal failure in many cases. Hypoxia occurred in 1 (12.5%), 5 (100%), and 3 (100%) patients with grades 1, 2a, and 2b esophageal injury, respectively. There were more hypoxic patients with grades 2a and 2b than those with grade 1 esophageal injury (P < .05). The nadir Pao(2) was lower in patients with grades 2a and 2b than those with grade 1 esophageal injury (P < .05). However, there were no significant differences in terms of acute hepatitis, peak serum alanine aminotransferase, acute renal failure, and peak serum creatinine between the 3 groups (P > .05). Kaplan-Meier analysis did not find any difference in survival between the groups (P > .05).CONCLUSION: Paraquat, a mild caustic agent, produces only grades 1, 2a, and 2b esophageal injury. Our findings showed a potential relationship between the degree of hypoxia, mortality, and degree of esophageal injury, although such a low number of study subjects limits the conclusions that can be made by this study.
|
['Adult', 'Burns, Chemical', 'Cohort Studies', 'Emergency Service, Hospital', 'Endoscopy', 'Esophagus', 'Female', 'Herbicides', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Paraquat', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Young Adult']
| 20,637,392
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C26.200.156'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.336', 'N02.421.297.195', 'N04.452.442.452.422.336'], ['E01.370.388.250', 'E04.502.250'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['D27.720.031.700.366', 'D27.888.723.366'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.725.762.621'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Malignant effusion of chromophobe renal-cell carcinoma: cytological and immunohistochemical findings.
|
Malignant effusions because of renal-cell carcinoma (RCC) are an unusual event and occur in patients with papillary and clear cell tumors. We have studied a 65-year-old man who underwent right renal tumorectomy, diagnosed as chromophobe RCC (pT1). After 16 months, the patient presented cough and fever. Positron emission computed tomography demonstrated extensive mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Chest radiograph showed right pleural effusion. The cytological examination of the fluid showed malignant cells. Immunohistochemistry had been performed on primary renal tumor and on cell block of pleural effusion. The renal tumor showed positivity for parvalbumin, cytokeratin (CK) 7, C-kit (CD117), E-cadherin, and RCC marker. The neoplastic cells of pleural effusion showed positive immunohistochemical staining for parvalbumin, RCC marker, pancytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, CK7, C-kit (CD117), E-cadherin, and CD10. They were negative for thyroid transcription factor-1, CK20, calretinin, CK5, D2-40 podoplanin, CDX2, and Wilms' tumor suppressor gene. Malignant effusion secondary to RCC is rare. In several studies, RCC had been the cause of 1-2.2% of malignant pleural fluids. Chromophobe RCC tends to be localized into the kidney and to be of nuclear grade 2 at presentation, factors that probably explain its more favorable outlook. In our case, the chromophobe RCC was asymptomatic and was discovered because abdominal pain due to stone in the gallbladder. The tumor had an unusual aggressive clinical behavior. Immunohistochemistry performed on the cell block let to establish the renal origin and the chromophobe histotype of malignant cells found in the pleural fluid.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Renal Cell', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Kidney Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Pleural Effusion, Malignant']
| 22,180,239
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.390', 'C04.588.945.947.535.160', 'C12.758.820.750.160', 'C12.777.419.473.160', 'C13.351.937.820.535.160', 'C13.351.968.419.473.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.588.945.947.535', 'C12.758.820.750', 'C12.777.419.473', 'C13.351.937.820.535', 'C13.351.968.419.473'], ['C04.588.894.797.640.700', 'C08.528.652.700', 'C08.528.694.700', 'C08.785.640.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Height Error Correction for Shoe-Mounted Inertial Sensors Exploiting Foot Dynamics.
|
Shoe-mounted inertial sensors are widespread deployed in satellite-denied scenarios because of the possibility to re-calibrate stepwise the estimated position. These re-calibrations, known as zero-velocity corrections, prevent an accumulated positioning error growth over time caused by the noise of current medium- and low-cost sensors. However, the error accumulated over time in the height estimation is still an issue under study. The objective of this article is to propose a height correction that is based on the dynamics of the foot. The presented algorithm analyzes the movement of the foot, which is different when walking on horizontal surfaces and stairs. The identification of horizontal surfaces and stairs is detailed in this article. For the assessment of the performance of the proposed height correction, a dataset of approximately 5 h recorded with 10 volunteers walking in a five-story building is employed. The error is evaluated using pre-defined ground truth points. We compare the height error estimated with and without applying the proposed correction and show that the height correction improves the vertical positioning accuracy up to 85.
|
['Algorithms', 'Calibration', 'Foot', 'Humans', 'Shoes', 'Walking']
| 29,547,581
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.978.155'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.637.215.800'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression and topography of integrins and basement membrane proteins in epidermal carcinomas: basal but not squamous cell carcinomas display loss of alpha 6 beta 4 and BM-600/nicein.
|
The expression and topography of some integrins and basement membrane proteins in cutaneous basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) have been studied by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. It has been shown that the typical cell-to-cell distribution of alpha 2 beta 1 and alpha 3 beta 1 found in normal epidermis is replaced by pericellular distribution in both BCC and SCC cells. BCC and SCC also showed different patterns of expression of alpha 6 beta 4, an integrin heterodimer normally lining the basal surface of basal epidermal keratinocytes: whereas SCC showed high expression and pericellular distribution of alpha 6 beta 4, BCC cells did not express this integrin at all. The absence of alpha 6 and beta 4 subunits from BCC extracts was confirmed by Western blotting. The molecular composition of the basement membrane was markedly different in the two types of epidermal tumors. Whereas laminin and collagen type IV were conserved in the basement membrane zone of both tumors, the molecular complex BM-600/nicein, which is recognized by the monoclonal antibody GB3 and is possibly identical to the previously described basement membrane glycoproteins kalinin and epiligrin, was absent from BCC cells. Then, the simultaneous loss of expression of alpha 6 beta 4 and BM-600/nicein in BCC cells but not in SCC cells indicates that alpha 6 beta 4 integrin and one of its potential ligands may be co-regulated in both BCC and SCC, thus suggesting a role for this phenomenon in the pathogenesis and clinical behavior of these epidermal tumors.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Basement Membrane', 'Blotting, Western', 'Carcinoma, Basal Cell', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Adhesion Molecules', 'Humans', 'Immunoenzyme Techniques', 'Integrins', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured']
| 8,370,973
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['A10.272.220', 'A10.615.179'], ['E05.196.401.143', 'E05.301.300.096', 'E05.478.566.320.200', 'E05.601.262', 'E05.601.470.320.200'], ['C04.557.470.200.165', 'C04.557.470.565.165'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.776.395.550.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200', 'D23.050.301.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.478.566.350', 'E05.478.583.400', 'E05.601.470.350'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['A11.251.860']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Home apnea monitoring: mothers' mood states, family functioning, and support systems.
|
Home apnea monitoring has been used increasingly for infants with or at high risk for apnea. This study examined mood states, perceived family functioning, and perceived support systems of mothers with infants on home apnea monitors from the first week on the monitor through three months after discharge. It also compared these factors in mothers receiving care through an established home monitor program or through their own physicians. Greatest discrepancies in all three areas of study occurred during the first week at home. During this time the group receiving care through private physicians reported higher discrepancy in professional support than that in the home monitoring program. No other significant differences were found between the two groups across time periods. Community health nurses have an important role in assessing and providing counseling concerning the mood disturbance and changes in family functioning that may take place when infants are receiving this therapy, particularly in the initial time at home.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Apnea', 'Community Health Nursing', 'Counseling', 'Family', 'Female', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Mothers', 'Social Support', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 1,946,149
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['C08.618.085', 'C23.888.852.130'], ['H02.478.676.150', 'N02.421.143.150'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.520'], ['F01.829.263.500.320.200', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340.270', 'M01.620.630'], ['I01.880.853.500.600'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Effects of chronic heat and cold stressors on plasma immunoglobulin and mitogen-induced blastogenesis in calves.
|
Fifty-six Holstein calves were used to investigate effects of heat and cold stressors on mitogen-induced blastogenesis of isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and immunoglobulins G1 and M in blood plasma. Calves were exposed to constant hot (35 degrees C), constant cold (-5 degrees C), or thermoneutral (23 degrees C) ambient conditions in environmentally-controlled chambers. Immune responses were measured soon after introduction into environmental chambers (3 days) and after various degrees of adaptation (7 and 14 days). Mortality was greater among heat- and cold-exposed calves than among thermoneutral calves. Neither heat nor cold exposure had a direct effect on blastogenesis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by phytohemagglutinin or concanavalin A. Plasma from heat- and cold-exposed calves then was incorporated into the culture medium at a final concentration of 5% and tested in a mitogenesis assay on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a single healthy donor. Plasma from heat-exposed calves consistently enhanced tritiated thymidine incorporation into normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells by phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A as compared to plasma from cold-exposed calves. After heat exposure for 3 to 14 days, immunoglobulin G1 averaged 27% less in heat-exposed calves than in calves that were held at thermoneutrality, but M was unaffected. Cold exposure did not have a consistent effect on G1 or M. These data demonstrate that chronic heat and cold stressors affect calves by altering both antibody- and cell-mediated immunity.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Cold Temperature', 'Concanavalin A', 'Hot Temperature', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Immunoglobulins', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Male', 'Mitogens', 'Phytohemagglutinins', 'Stress, Physiological']
| 7,142,529
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['D12.776.124.486.485', 'D12.776.124.790.651', 'D12.776.377.715.548'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['D27.505.519.593.624'], ['D12.776.395.560.825', 'D12.776.503.499.750', 'D12.776.765.678.750'], ['G07.775']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Robust joint entropy regularization of limited view transmission tomography using Gaussian approximations to the joint histogram.
|
Information theoretic measures to incorporate anatomical priors have been explored in the field of emission tomography, but not in transmission tomography. In this work, we apply the joint entropy prior to the case of limited angle transmission tomography. Due to the data insufficiency problem, the joint entropy prior is found to be very sensitive to local optima. Two methods for robust joint entropy minimization are proposed. The first approximates the joint probability density function by a single 2D Gaussian, and is found to be appropriate for reconstructions where the ground truth joint histogram is dominated by two clusters, or multiple clusters that are roughly aligned. The second method is an extension to the case of multiple Gaussians. The intended application for the single Gaussian approximation is digital breast tomosynthesis, where reconstructed volumes are approximately bimodal, consisting mainly of fatty and fibroglandular tissues.
|
['Algorithms', 'Computer Simulation', 'Humans', 'Image Enhancement', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Imaging, Three-Dimensional', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Statistical', 'Normal Distribution', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 19,694,300
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['L01.224.160'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.600.350', 'L01.224.308.380'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['E01.370.350.400', 'L01.224.308.410'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.318.740.500', 'E05.599.835', 'N05.715.360.750.530', 'N06.850.520.830.500'], ['E05.318.740.994.500', 'G17.820.500', 'N05.715.360.750.750.565', 'N06.850.520.830.994.500'], ['L01.399.750'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Pleiotropy analysis of quantitative traits at gene level by multivariate functional linear models.
|
In genetics, pleiotropy describes the genetic effect of a single gene on multiple phenotypic traits. A common approach is to analyze the phenotypic traits separately using univariate analyses and combine the test results through multiple comparisons. This approach may lead to low power. Multivariate functional linear models are developed to connect genetic variant data to multiple quantitative traits adjusting for covariates for a unified analysis. Three types of approximate F-distribution tests based on Pillai-Bartlett trace, Hotelling-Lawley trace, and Wilks's Lambda are introduced to test for association between multiple quantitative traits and multiple genetic variants in one genetic region. The approximate F-distribution tests provide much more significant results than those of F-tests of univariate analysis and optimal sequence kernel association test (SKAT-O). Extensive simulations were performed to evaluate the false positive rates and power performance of the proposed models and tests. We show that the approximate F-distribution tests control the type I error rates very well. Overall, simultaneous analysis of multiple traits can increase power performance compared to an individual test of each trait. The proposed methods were applied to analyze (1) four lipid traits in eight European cohorts, and (2) three biochemical traits in the Trinity Students Study. The approximate F-distribution tests provide much more significant results than those of F-tests of univariate analysis and SKAT-O for the three biochemical traits. The approximate F-distribution tests of the proposed functional linear models are more sensitive than those of the traditional multivariate linear models that in turn are more sensitive than SKAT-O in the univariate case. The analysis of the four lipid traits and the three biochemical traits detects more association than SKAT-O in the univariate case.
|
['Cohort Studies', 'Genetic Markers', 'Genetic Pleiotropy', 'Genetic Variation', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Linear Models', 'Models, Genetic', 'Phenotype', 'Quantitative Trait Loci', 'Software']
| 25,809,955
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['D23.101.387', 'G05.695.450'], ['G05.420.556', 'G05.695.550'], ['G05.365'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.500', 'E05.318.740.750.425', 'E05.599.835.750', 'N05.715.360.750.530.460', 'N05.715.360.750.695.460', 'N06.850.520.830.500.500', 'N06.850.520.830.750.425'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['G05.695'], ['G05.360.340.024.380.937'], ['L01.224.900']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Hereditary progressive atrioventricular conduction defect.
|
New data on genetics, including an extensive pedigree and certain aspects of natural history, have been compiled on Family S, which is characterized by a hereditary progressive atrioventricular (A-V) conduction defect. Concordance analysis of heart block in affected parents and their offspring suggests as a working hypothesis transmission of diathesis for the defect by means of a Mendelian autosomal dominant factor. Regression of the defect in several relatives, including reversion from first degree heart block to normal A-V conduction, defies explanation at this time. However, rapport established with the unusually large (1,067 members) and cooperative kindred will permit longitudinal evaluation of these findings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Atrioventricular Node', 'Child', 'Female', 'Genes, Dominant', 'Heart Block', 'Heart Conduction System', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pedigree', 'Risk', 'Sex Factors']
| 1,166,834
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A07.541.409.147'], ['M01.060.406'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.240', 'G05.420.320'], ['C14.280.067.558', 'C14.280.123.500', 'C23.550.073.425'], ['A07.541.409'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.673'], ['E05.318.740.600.800', 'G17.680.750', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) is active neutral endopeptidase 24.11 ("enkephalinase"): direct evidence by cDNA transfection analysis.
|
The common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) is a 749-amino acid type II integral membrane protein expressed by most acute lymphoblastic leukemias, certain other lymphoid malignancies with an immature phenotype, and normal lymphoid progenitors. A computer search against the most recent GenBank release (no. 56) indicates that human CALLA cDNA encodes a protein nearly identical to the rat and rabbit neutral endopeptidase 24.11 ("enkephalinase;" EC 3.4.24.11). This zinc metalloendopeptidase, which has been shown to inactivate a variety of peptide hormones including enkephalin, chemotactic peptide, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, bradykinin, and angiotensins I and II, had not been identified in lymphoid cells. To determine whether CALLA cDNA derived from human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (Nalm-6 cell line) encodes functional neutral endopeptidase activity, we generated CALLA+ stable transfectants in the CALLA- murine myeloma cell line J558 and analyzed them for enzymatic activity in a fluorometric assay based upon cleavage of the substrate glutaryl-Ala-Ala-Phe 4-methoxy-2-naphthylamide at the Ala-Phe bond. Total lysates as well as whole-cell suspensions of the Nalm-6 line and of the CALLA+ transfectants, but not of the CALLA- J558 cells, possessed neutral endopeptidase activity. This enzymatic activity was associated with the cellular membrane fraction and was abrogated by the specific neutral endopeptidase inhibitor phosphoramidon. The unequivocal identification of CALLA as a functional neutral endopeptidase provides insight into its potential role in both normal and malignant lymphoid function.
|
['Animals', 'Antigens, Differentiation', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Cell Line', 'DNA, Neoplasm', 'Glycopeptides', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Neprilysin', 'Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma', 'Restriction Mapping', 'Transfection']
| 2,521,388
|
[['B01.050'], ['D23.050.301.264', 'D23.101.100'], ['D23.050.285'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D13.444.308.425'], ['D09.400.420', 'D12.644.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.600', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.600', 'D23.050.285.550', 'D23.101.140.500'], ['C04.557.337.428.600', 'C15.604.515.560.600', 'C20.683.515.528.600'], ['E05.393.183.620.650', 'E05.393.712'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Angioarchitectural structure and functional distributive pattern of the filiform papillae on the meso-dorsal surface of the rabbit tongue.
|
The angioarchitectural classification and distributive patterns were investigated in the filiform papillae (FiP) on the meso-dorsal surface of the rabbit tongue by using microvascular cast specimens (MVCS) and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The author examined the microvascular network structures, which consisted of ascending and descending branches entering the FiP. They inclined in a posterior (pharynx) direction, and densely and geometrically covered the meso-dorsal surface, directing the spoon-like concave face in an anterior direction. FiPs could be classified into three types: a small filiform papilla (SfP) covering on the meso-dorsal surface except for the marginal part of the intermolar eminence (MIME) and the intermolar eminence itself (IME): a spoon-like concave structure facing in an anterior (apex) direction with an arrowhead-like top: a middle filiform papilla (MfP) on the MIME, made up of a long triangle-like concave structure with a sharp arrowhead-like top and inclined at right angles to the IME. A large filiform papilla (LfP) on the whole swelling dorsal area of the IME was formed by a long triangle-like concave structure with a sharper arrowhead-like top. LfPs are longer and larger than MfPs and inclined towards the pharynx.
|
['Animals', 'Microcirculation', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Models, Structural', 'Rabbits', 'Tongue']
| 9,862,035
|
[['B01.050'], ['G09.330.100.645'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['J01.897.280.500.545', 'L01.178.820.090.545'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['A03.556.500.885', 'A14.549.885']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prospective evaluation of lactose malabsorption by lactose hydrogen breath test in individuals infected with Entamoeba histolytica and passing cysts.
|
The aim of the present prospective study was to detect lactose malabsorption in subjects in northern India infected with Entamoeba histolytica and passing cysts. The study group included forty-one patients with E. histolytica cysts in at least one of three consecutive faecal samples. Lactose malabsorption was detected by a lactose H2 breath test. The results were compared with those of forty controls subjects. Thirty-two of forty-one (78.0 %) subjects passing E. histolytica cysts had lactose malabsorption compared with seventeen of forty (42.5 %) control subjects (P<0.01). In conclusion, the present study shows that lactose malabsorption is significantly more common in individuals infected with E. histolytica and passing cysts compared with control subjects.
|
['Adult', 'Breath Tests', 'Cysts', 'Entamoebiasis', 'Feces', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lactose Intolerance', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Prospective Studies']
| 15,333,150
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.100'], ['C04.182', 'C23.300.306'], ['C01.610.752.049.407'], ['A12.459'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.405.469.637.506', 'C16.320.565.202.589', 'C18.452.603.506', 'C18.452.648.202.589'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Liposomes Coloaded with Elacridar and Tariquidar To Modulate the P-Glycoprotein at the Blood-Brain Barrier.
|
This study prepared three liposomal formulations coloaded with elacridar and tariquidar to overcome the P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the blood-brain barrier. Their pharmacokinetics, brain distribution, and impact on the model P-glycoprotein substrate, loperamide, were compared to those for the coadministration of free elacridar plus free tariquidar. After intravenous administration in rats, elacridar and tariquidar in conventional liposomes were rapidly cleared from the bloodstream. Their low levels in the brain did not improve the loperamide brain distribution. Although elacridar and tariquidar in PEGylated liposomes exhibited 2.6 and 1.9 longer half-lives than free elacridar and free tariquidar, respectively, neither their Kp for the brain nor the loperamide brain distribution was improved. However, the conjugation of OX26 F(ab')2 fragments to PEGylated liposomes increased the Kps for the brain of elacridar and tariquidar by 1.4- and 2.1-fold, respectively, in comparison to both free P-gp modulators. Consequently, the Kp for the brain of loperamide increased by 2.7-fold. Moreover, the plasma pharmacokinetic parameters and liver distribution of loperamide were not modified by the PEGylated OX26 F(ab')2 immunoliposomes. Thus, this formulation represents a promising tool for modulating the P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux at the blood-brain barrier and could improve the brain uptake of any P-glycoprotein substrate that is intended to treat central nervous system diseases.
|
['ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B', 'Acridines', 'Animals', 'Antidiarrheals', 'Biological Transport', 'Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Brain', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Liposomes', 'Loperamide', 'Male', 'Quinolines', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization', 'Tetrahydroisoquinolines', 'Tissue Distribution']
| 26,390,138
|
[['D12.776.157.530.100.075', 'D12.776.157.530.450.074.500.500.250', 'D12.776.395.550.020.400', 'D12.776.543.550.192.400', 'D12.776.543.585.100.200', 'D12.776.543.585.450.074.500.500.250'], ['D03.633.300.046'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.483.161'], ['G03.143'], ['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.310'], ['G05.308'], ['D25.479.517', 'D26.255.260.517', 'J01.637.051.479.517', 'J01.637.087.500.517'], ['D03.383.621.440'], ['D03.633.100.810'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['E05.196.566.755'], ['D03.633.100.531.820'], ['G03.787.917', 'G07.690.725.949']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The sources of convergence between measures of apathy and depression.
|
Apathy and depression are discriminable but related dimensions of behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the source of the overlap between measures of apathy and depression. We evaluated the intercorrelations between the Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HamD) in 107 subjects, aged 53-85, who met research criteria for normal aging, left or right cerebral hemisphere stroke, probable Alzheimer's disease, or major depression. We determined the correlation between the individual items on the HamD and the total scores on the AES and the HamD. The HamD items having the strongest correlations with AES total score were diminished work/interest, psychomotor retardation, anergy, and lack of insight. The correlation between AES and HamD total scores was nonsignificant when major depression subjects and these variables most closely related to apathy were excluded from consideration. These findings indicate that the convergence between HamD and AES is attributable to (i) a subset of HamD items which are consistent with the syndrome of apathy and (ii) the fact that major depression is associated with both apathy and depression. Clinical and research applications of these results are discussed.
|
['Aged', 'Alzheimer Disease', 'Arousal', 'Cerebrovascular Disorders', 'Dementia, Multi-Infarct', 'Depression', 'Depressive Disorder', 'Dominance, Cerebral', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Personality Inventory', 'Psychometrics', 'Reference Values']
| 8,326,082
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C10.228.140.380.100', 'C10.574.945.249', 'F03.615.400.100'], ['F02.830.104', 'G11.561.035'], ['C10.228.140.300', 'C14.907.253'], ['C10.228.140.300.150.477.200.199', 'C10.228.140.300.400.408', 'C10.228.140.300.775.200.200.199', 'C10.228.140.380.230.250', 'C14.907.253.092.477.200.199', 'C14.907.253.855.200.200.199', 'C23.550.513.355.250.200.199', 'C23.550.717.489.250.200.199', 'F03.615.400.350.400'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F03.600.300'], ['F02.830.297', 'G11.561.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['F04.711.647.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
V-cluster algorithm: a new algorithm for clustering molecules based upon numeric data.
|
Clustering molecules based on numeric data such as, gene-expression data, physiochemical properties, or theoretical data is very important in drug discovery and other life sciences. Most approaches use hierarchical clustering algorithms, non-hierarchical algorithms (for examples, K-mean and K-nearest neighbor), and other similar methods (for examples, the Self-Organization Mapping (SOM) and the Support Vector Machine (SVM)). These approaches are non-robust (results are not consistent) and, computationally expensive. This paper will report a new, non-hierarchical algorithm called the V-Cluster (V stands for vector) Algorithm. This algorithm produces rational, robust results while reducing computing complexity. Similarity measurement and data normalization rules are also discussed along with case studies. When molecules are represented in a set of numeric vectors, the V-Cluster Algorithm clusters the molecules in three steps: (1) ranking the vectors based upon their overall intensity levels, (2) computing cluster centers based upon neighboring density, and (3) assigning molecules to their nearest cluster center. The program is written in C/C++ language, and runs on Window95/NT and UNIX platforms. With the V-Cluster program, the user can quickly complete the clustering process and, easily examine the results by use of thumbnail graphs, superimposed intensity curves of vectors, and spreadsheets. Multi-functional query tools have also been implemented.
|
['Algorithms', 'Cluster Analysis', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Models, Biological', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Pattern Recognition, Automated']
| 16,896,541
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['E05.318.740.250', 'N05.715.360.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.250'], ['E05.393.332'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.599'], ['L01.399.750']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Determination of the enterotoxigenicity of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms using the method of suppressing the dehydrogenase activity of the UV mutant Staphylococcus aureus 209 P].
|
The S. aureus 209P UF mutant dehydrogenase activity suppression method was used for detection of enterotoxin of Enterobacteriaceae opportunistic bacteria. Comparison of V. cholerae non 01, E coli and K. pneumonia toxigenic and nontoxigenic strains, neutralization test with antitoxic anticholera serum, comparative study of toxigenicities in paw edema test (according to Yu. P. Vartanyan) have shown that Escherichia and Klebsiella toxigenic strains can suppress S. aureus 209P UF mutant dehydrogenase activity, which fact permits the employment of this method for the detection of opportunistic bacteria enterotoxigenicity.
|
['Bacteriological Techniques', 'Enterobacteriaceae', 'Enterotoxins']
| 1,699,048
|
[['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['B03.440.450.425', 'B03.660.250.150'], ['D23.946.330']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A new biomedical sensor for measuring PCO2.
|
Measuring PCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) in an organ can enable early detection of ischemia. However, there are few clinical applicable solutions for measuring PCO2. Based upon the requirement for clinical applications, a conductivity based PCO2 sensor is proposed. A conductivity based PCO2 sensor measures conductance in an aqueous solution separated from the measured object by a gas-permeable membrane. A bridge design with two cavities is favored for such a sensor. A planar and a cylindrical macro prototype based upon the bridge design were studied. The design criteria were based on the contribution from the electrode polarization, stray capacitances, contact area with the sample and design ability to miniaturize the sensor. The cylindrical sensor is favored because of its large contact area and advantages for miniaturization. Further investigation has to be done to confirm the functionality of such a design in a miniaturized form and its clinical performance.
|
['Biomedical Technology', 'Biosensing Techniques', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Partial Pressure']
| 15,132,308
|
[['J01.897.120.050'], ['E05.601.043'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['G01.374.715.714']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Inward-facing conformation of the zinc transporter YiiP revealed by cryoelectron microscopy.
|
YiiP is a dimeric Zn(2+)/H(+) antiporter from Escherichia coli belonging to the cation diffusion facilitator family. We used cryoelectron microscopy to determine a 13-? resolution structure of a YiiP homolog from Shewanella oneidensis within a lipid bilayer in the absence of Zn(2+). Starting from the X-ray structure in the presence of Zn(2+), we used molecular dynamics flexible fitting to build a model consistent with our map. Comparison of the structures suggests a conformational change that involves pivoting of a transmembrane, four-helix bundle (M1, M2, M4, and M5) relative to the M3-M6 helix pair. Although accessibility of transport sites in the X-ray model indicates that it represents an outward-facing state, our model is consistent with an inward-facing state, suggesting that the conformational change is relevant to the alternating access mechanism for transport. Molecular dynamics simulation of YiiP in a lipid environment was used to address the feasibility of this conformational change. Association of the C-terminal domains is the same in both states, and we speculate that this association is responsible for stabilizing the dimer that, in turn, may coordinate the rearrangement of the transmembrane helices.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Bacterial Proteins', 'Cation Transport Proteins', 'Cryoelectron Microscopy', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Protein Conformation', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Sequence Homology, Amino Acid', 'Shewanella', 'Zinc']
| 23,341,604
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.097'], ['D12.776.157.530.450.250', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.150', 'E05.595.402.150'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E05.599.595'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G02.111.810.200', 'G05.810.200'], ['B03.440.450.690', 'B03.660.250.021.755'], ['D01.268.556.940', 'D01.268.956.906', 'D01.552.544.940']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The mucosal collar in hypospadias surgery.
|
Formation of a mucosal collar from the inner surface of the prepuce offers the surgeon who performs hypospadias repairs the opportunity to create a cosmetically normal-appearing phallus. This technique results in transposition of mucosal membrane type of tissue to the subglandular area to complete the normal repair.
|
['Humans', 'Hypospadias', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Penis', 'Surgery, Plastic']
| 3,795,371
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C12.294.494.400', 'C12.706.516', 'C13.351.875.466', 'C16.131.939.516'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A05.360.444.492'], ['H02.403.810.788']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Diagnosis of obstructive level in pharynx with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome with multiple detector-row spiral CT].
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic significance of multiple detector-row spiral CT(MSCT) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).METHOD: Sixty-seven patients with OSAHS and 40 volunteers were scanned. The CT imagings from the nasopharyngeal floor to the glottis obtained. The relevant dimensions of area, diameter, thickness of retropharyngeal tissue were measured in some regions in imagings including nasopharynx, oral pharynx and hypopharynx, as well as the narrowest region in pharynx.RESULT: 1) The values of area, left-right diameter and front-back diameter of oral pharyngeal imagings of patients with OSAHS were narrowest regions which were (133.5 +/- 32. 9) mm2, (12.5 +/- 2.0) mm, (10.4 +/- 1.8) mm respectively. The value of above parameters of oral pharyngeal imagings of volunteers were (238.5 +/- 46.5) mm2, (20.4 +/- 3.1) mm, (21.1 +/- 4.0) mm respectively. The values of two groups had marked difference by statistics (P< 0.01). 2) The narrowest regions were located in oral pharynx in the imagings of 58 patients with OSAHS, which located in soft palate site in 19 patients, in oral pharynx site in 11 patients and in retro-lingua site in 28 patients. The narrowest regions were located in nasopharynx in the imagings of 3 patients. None of the narrowest region was found in hypopharynx. The narrowest regions, which all located in oral pharynx, were measured in the imagings of 24 volunteers. 3) The values of area, left-right and front-back diameter of the narrowest regions of imaging of 58 patients with OSAHS among 67 patients were (75.6 +/- 17.9) mm2, (10.6 +/- 2.1) mm, (6.9 +/- 1.0) mm respectively. The values of bove parameter of the most narrowest regions of imagings of volunteer were (187.3 +/- 35.6) mm2, (21.4 +/- 4.3) mm, (15.6 +/- 2.7) mm respectively. There were significant difference in statistics among the data of these groups (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: The imagings of MSCT may provide accurate diagnosis in OSAHS. Patients with OSAHS always had anatomically narrow in pharynx, especially in oral pharynx.
|
['Adult', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pharynx', 'Sleep Apnea, Obstructive', 'Tomography, Spiral Computed']
| 18,839,879
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A03.556.750', 'A04.623', 'A14.724'], ['C08.618.085.852.850', 'C10.886.425.800.750.850'], ['E01.370.350.350.810.800', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.800', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.800', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.800', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Hypnotherapy and cognitive behaviour therapy of acute stress disorder: a 3-year follow-up.
|
The long-term benefits of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) for trauma survivors with acute stress disorder were investigated by assessing patients 3 years after treatment. Civilian trauma survivors (n=87) were randomly allocated to six sessions of CBT, CBT combined with hypnosis, or supportive counselling (SC), 69 completed treatment, and 53 were assessed 2 years post-treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. In terms of treatment completers, 2 CBT patients (10%), 4 CBT/hypnosis patients (22%), and 10 SC patients (63%) met PTSD criteria at 2-years follow-up. Intent-to-treat analyses indicated that 12 CBT patients (36%), 14 CBT/hypnosis patients (46%), and 16 SC patients (67%) met PTSD criteria at 2-year follow-up. Patients who received CBT and CBT/hypnosis reported less re-experiencing and less avoidance symptoms than patients who received SC. These findings point to the long-term benefits of early provision of CBT in the initial month after trauma.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Cognitive Behavioral Therapy', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Counseling', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Hypnosis', 'Middle Aged', 'Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 16,368,074
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F04.754.137.350'], ['E02.186'], ['F02.784.176', 'F04.408.413', 'N02.421.143.303', 'N02.421.461.363'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.190.525.217', 'F04.754.424'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.950.750.550'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Unicortical PEEK inset locking fixation for metacarpal fractures: a biomechanical study.
|
PURPOSE: There are numerous constructs employed in the treatment of metacarpal fractures with varying degrees of success. While plate fixation commonly involves dorsal application of a bicortical non-locking plate, there has been recent exploration of other fixation options including unicortical locked plating. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biomechanical integrity of a polyetheretherketone (PEEK) inset locking plate and, in doing so, compare it to standard plate fixation (utilizing a clinically proven bicortical non-locking titanium plate) in a simulated porcine metacarpal fracture model.METHODS: Reproducible mid-shaft fractures were created in porcine second metacarpals. The fractured specimens were reduced and plated with either a bicortical non-locking plate or a unicortical locking plate with a PEEK locking design. Constructs were then loaded to failure in the same fashion as performed to create the fracture. Peak load was measured as the apex on the load-to-failure deflection curve. Stiffness was calculated as the linear slope on the load-to-failure deflection curve. Data were analyzed via Student's t test.RESULTS: Unicortical locking constructs failed at 344 ± 119 N, while bicortical non-locking constructs were found to fail at 277 ± 101 N (p = 0.19). The unicortical locking constructs demonstrated a stiffness of 80 ± 36 N/mm compared with the bicortical non-locking constructs (69 ± 36 N/mm) although again the difference was not found to be statistically different (p = 0.49).CONCLUSION: Based on this study, a locked plating construct using a polymer mechanism provides an interesting new locking fixation method for small bone fractures and with our limited number of specimens tested, provided at least a similar strength and rigidity profile in comparison with bicortical fixation in the treatment of metacarpal fractures.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Bone Plates', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Fractures, Bone', 'Humans', 'Metacarpal Bones', 'Swine']
| 24,121,825
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E07.695.370.374', 'E07.858.442.660.460.374', 'E07.858.690.725.460.374'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['C26.404'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A02.835.232.087.319.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effect of the administration of a single dose of nateglinide on insulin secretion at two different concentrations of glucose in healthy individuals.
|
BACKGROUND: Nateglinide is a D-phenylalanine derivative that stimulates fast insulin secretion with a short activity span. It has been suggested that the hypoglycemic effect of nateglinide is related to the glucose concentration, an aspect that still has not been completely evaluated in human beings.OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of nateglinide on the insulin secretion at two different concentrations of glucose level.PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, cross-over, placebo-controlled clinical trial with two parallel groups was carried out; each group was made up by six healthy volunteers who were submitted to a hyperglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique on two different occasions, one of them prior to the administration of 120 mg nateglinide and the other one prior to the administration of an homologated placebo. One group was submitted to and maintained at a hyperglycemia of 6.9 mmol/l above the fasting glucose level and the other group at a hyperglycemia of 4.1 mmol/l above the baseline of fasting glucose level.RESULTS: In volunteers submitted to the clamp at 4.1 mmol/l above the baseline of glucose level, the insulin secretion in the early phase was 212.4+/-55.8 pmol/l in the placebo test versus 338.4+/-124.8 pmol/l in the nateglinide test (P<.05), whereas in the group submitted at 6.9 mmol/l over the baseline, no significant differences were observed.CONCLUSION: Nateglinide increased the early insulin secretion in healthy individuals submitted to a mild hyperglycemia, but not at high glucose concentrations.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Mass Index', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Cyclohexanes', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Hypoglycemic Agents', 'Insulin', 'Insulin Secretion', 'Male', 'Nateglinide', 'Phenylalanine', 'Placebos']
| 16,260,353
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['D27.505.696.422'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['G03.442', 'G07.475'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.367.745', 'D12.125.072.050.685.448'], ['D12.125.072.050.685', 'D12.125.142.666'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The Associations of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in miR196a2, miR-499, and miR-608 With Breast Cancer Susceptibility: A STROBE-Compliant Observational Study.
|
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role as regulators of tumor suppressors and oncogenes in cancer-related processes. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in miRNAs have been shown to be relevant to various different cancers, including breast cancer (BC). The aim of this study was to estimate the associations between miRNA-related gene polymorphisms (miR-196a2, miR-499, and miR-608) and the risk of BC in a Chinese population. Gene polymorphisms were analyzed in 1143 subjects (controls = 583; BC = 560). The 3 SNPs were genotyped using the Sequenom Mass-ARRAY platform. The associations between the SNP frequencies and BC were assessed by computing odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), as well as by applying Chi-square tests. The miR-196a2 (rs11614913) T allele was associated with a decreased risk of BC based on results from dominant (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.52-0.86), recessive (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.48-0.86), and allele models (OR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.62-0.86). In contrast, the miR-499 (rs3746444) AG/GG genotypes were associated with an increased risk of BC (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.10-1.91), and miR-608 (rs4919510) was not significantly associated with BC risk. Our study suggested that the polymorphisms of rs11614913 and rs3746444 may be associated with BC risk in Chinese individuals.
|
['Adult', 'Asian Continental Ancestry Group', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Case-Control Studies', 'China', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'MicroRNAs', 'Middle Aged', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide']
| 26,886,638
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.200'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D13.150.650.319', 'D13.444.735.150.319', 'D13.444.735.790.552.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G05.365.795.598']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[The Neuro-Mental Index. An addition to the Barthel Index for detection of impairments in basic psychological-mental diemsnions in neurorehabilitation].
|
The Barthel Index (BI) is the most commonly used scale for assessing impairment of activities of daily living (ADL). For a global view of patients' abilities and the care needed in everyday neurorehabilitation practice, additional information about basic psychological and cognitive functions is essential. We therefore designed a new disability scale comprised of assessments of consciousness, approachability, orientation, memory, behaviour, emotions, communication, problem solving, perception, and behaviour at night. The scale shows exactly the same inner structure as the BI, with ten items and a score of up to 20 in steps from 0-100% (or 0-20 points). By a careful weighing of the items, the final score of the neuromental index (NMI) should create a clearer picture of both the disabilities and the needed resources. A second aim was to cover a broad range of patients including those in coma and coma remission states and those with only slight neuropsychological or behavioural symptoms. The NMI was examined with a group of 179 neurorehabilitation inpatients and proved to be highly valid, reliable, and practicable. It was designed to enable a global assessment of disability as well as the care resources needed, even in patients with different disability levels in ADL and psychological and cognitive functions.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nervous System Diseases', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Psychometrics', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 11,139,992
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F03.615.250'], ['E01.370.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C10'], ['F04.711.513'], ['F04.711.780'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
mTM-align: a server for fast protein structure database search and multiple protein structure alignment.
|
With the rapid increase of the number of protein structures in the Protein Data Bank, it becomes urgent to develop algorithms for efficient protein structure comparisons. In this article, we present the mTM-align server, which consists of two closely related modules: one for structure database search and the other for multiple structure alignment. The database search is speeded up based on a heuristic algorithm and a hierarchical organization of the structures in the database. The multiple structure alignment is performed using the recently developed algorithm mTM-align. Benchmark tests demonstrate that our algorithms outperform other peering methods for both modules, in terms of speed and accuracy. One of the unique features for the server is the interplay between database search and multiple structure alignment. The server provides service not only for performing fast database search, but also for making accurate multiple structure alignment with the structures found by the search. For the database search, it takes about 2-5 min for a structure of a medium size (?300 residues). For the multiple structure alignment, it takes a few seconds for ?10 structures of medium sizes. The server is freely available at: http://yanglab.nankai.edu.cn/mTM-align/.
|
['Algorithms', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Benchmarking', 'Databases as Topic', 'Databases, Protein', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Models, Molecular', 'Protein Structure, Secondary', 'Proteins', 'Software', 'Structural Homology, Protein', 'Time Factors']
| 29,788,129
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['N04.452.500.150', 'N04.761.685.150', 'N04.761.700.150', 'N05.700.150', 'N05.715.360.650.150'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188', 'L01.470.750'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.300.750', 'L01.313.500.750.300.188.400.325.710', 'L01.470.750.750.300.750', 'L01.470.750.750.325.710'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.600'], ['D12.776'], ['L01.224.900'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.805', 'G02.111.810.200.820', 'G05.820'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Substrate relay in an Hsp70-cochaperone cascade safeguards tail-anchored membrane protein targeting.
|
Membrane proteins are aggregation-prone in aqueous environments, and their biogenesis poses acute challenges to cellular protein homeostasis. How the chaperone network effectively protects integral membrane proteins during their post-translational targeting is not well understood. Here, biochemical reconstitutions showed that the yeast cytosolic Hsp70 is responsible for capturing newly synthesized tail-anchored membrane proteins (TAs) in the soluble form. Moreover, direct interaction of Hsp70 with the cochaperone Sgt2 initiates a sequential series of TA relays to the dedicated TA targeting factor Get3. In contrast to direct loading of TAs to downstream chaperones, stepwise substrate loading via Hsp70 maintains the solubility and targeting competence of TAs, ensuring their efficient delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Inactivation of cytosolic Hsp70 severely impairs TA translocation in vivo Our results demonstrate a new role of cytosolic Hsp70 in directly assisting the targeting of an essential class of integral membrane proteins and provide a paradigm for how "substrate funneling" through a chaperone cascade preserves the conformational quality of nascent membrane proteins during their biogenesis.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Protein Transport', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins']
| 29,973,361
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['D12.776.157'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['D12.644.360.325.300', 'D12.776.476.325.300'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['D12.776.543'], ['G03.143.700'], ['B01.300.107.795.785.800', 'B01.300.930.705.655'], ['D12.776.354.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of tadalafil on platelets and endothelium in patients with erectile dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors: a pilot study.
|
Activation of endothelial cells and platelets is an initial step toward the development of cardiovascular disease. Erectile dysfunction (ED) may be an early manifestation of endotheliopathy. We evaluated the effects of tadalafil on cyclic nucleotides (cGMP and cAMP) and soluble adhesion molecules (E- and P-selectin [ES and PS]). The patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the presence (10 patients) or absence (9 patients) of cardiovascular risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, and smoking). Nitric oxide (NO) was unmeasurable in all the patients. Tadalafil administration induced a significant increase in cGMP levels in both groups (P < .01). In contrast, cAMP significantly increased (P < .05) and PS decreased (P < .01) only in patients without cardiovascular risk factors. Tadalafil induced a beneficial effect on platelet activation in patients with ED without cardiovascular risk factors; this effect was not mediated by NO.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Blood Platelets', 'Carbolines', 'Cyclic AMP', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Dyslipidemias', 'E-Selectin', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Erectile Dysfunction', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nitric Oxide', 'P-Selectin', 'Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors', 'Pilot Projects', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking', 'Tadalafil']
| 20,395,237
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['D03.383.725.150', 'D03.633.100.473.155', 'D03.633.300.154'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.138.395', 'D13.695.462.200', 'D13.695.667.138.395', 'D13.695.827.068.395'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['C18.452.584.500'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.300', 'D12.776.503.843.300', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.300', 'D23.050.301.350.700.300'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['C12.294.644.486', 'F03.835.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.395.550.625.905', 'D12.776.503.843.775', 'D12.776.543.550.200.700.775', 'D12.776.543.550.625.905', 'D23.050.301.350.700.775'], ['D27.505.519.389.735'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805'], ['D03.383.725.150.500', 'D03.633.100.473.155.500', 'D03.633.300.154.672']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Generalization of distribution--free confidence intervals for bioavailability ratios.
|
The confidence interval approach to bioavailability assessment depends first on selection of the confidence level, usually 95%, and then determination of the confidence limits for the expected bioavailability ratio AUC(Test)/AUC(Reference). In practice, however, it is sometimes of greater interest to know the probability that the expected bioavailability will fall below a critical value, for example 0.75, or within a clinically set bioequivalence range, for example 0.80 to 1.25. Up to now, posterior probability distributions have been suggested, based on classical analysis of variance (ANOVA) with its rather restrictive assumptions, including that of a (logarithmic) normal distribution. In this report, a distribution-free confidence interval based on the Wilcoxon signed-rank statistic has been generalized so that confidence probabilities can be obtained for any given confidence limits. In the case of unimodal and almost symmetrical sampling distributions, the results obtained are very similar to those of the ANOVA-based posterior probability distribution. However, skewed or multimodal sampling distributions are better reflected by the proposed distribution-free method, and more valid information is obtained in these cases, as demonstrated by examples.
|
['Biological Availability', 'Delayed-Action Preparations', 'Digoxin', 'Food', 'Humans', 'Models, Biological', 'Reference Values', 'Statistics as Topic', 'Theophylline']
| 3,987,790
|
[['G03.787.151', 'G07.690.725.129'], ['D26.255.210', 'E02.319.300.253'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.500.436', 'D04.210.500.155.580.130.688', 'D09.408.180.261.436'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.978.810'], ['E05.318.740', 'H01.548.832', 'N05.715.360.750', 'N06.850.520.830'], ['D03.132.960.751', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.751']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Foetal hepatic calcification.
|
Thirty-three cases of 1,500 spontaneously-aborted foetuses showed hepatic calcifications. The exact location of these calcifications were confirmed by contrast studies, anatomic dissection, and further histology when necessary. Of them, 18 were calcified hepatic vein thrombi (CHVT), 12 were calcified portal vein thrombi (CPVT), 2 were parenchymal calcifications, and one was mixed. Associated anomalies were high (85% of cases). No significant difference was found between the type and percentage of anomalies of those with CHVT and those with CPVT. The most common anomalies encountered in all cases were meconium intraluminal calcification (27%), cystic hygroma (18%), and metaphyseal defect (18%). In view of this, it is suggested that a variety of severe foetal illnesses predispose to CHVT and CPVT. At correlation with maternal factors, it was found that the highest incidence was in the third decade. A significant high percentage of mothers (33%) had been on contraceptive pills, and there was interesting inverse relationship of hepatic calcification with gravidity. Practically, it is also hoped that the awareness of the presence of various types of hepatic calcifications will help in their detection prenatally by ultrasound.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Budd-Chiari Syndrome', 'Calcinosis', 'Congenital Abnormalities', 'Contraceptives, Oral', 'Female', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Liver', 'Liver Diseases', 'Maternal Age', 'Parity', 'Portal Vein', 'Pregnancy', 'Radiography', 'Thrombosis']
| 2,216,588
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['C06.552.347', 'C14.907.355.830.925.275'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['C16.131'], ['D27.505.696.875.360.276.210', 'D27.505.954.705.360.276.210'], ['C13.703.277', 'C16.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.620'], ['C06.552'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['A07.015.908.670.567'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C14.907.355.830']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Epiphyseal distraction for preservation of epiphysis of osteosarcoma in children].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of the preservation of the epiphysis and joint function of the distal femur in children with osteosarcoma with epiphyseal distraction by external fixator.METHODS: Between July 2007 and May 2011, 6 children with osteoblastic osteosarcoma of the distal femur underwent epiphyseal distraction by external fixator, combined with tumor resection and repair with massive allograft bone transplantation to preserve the epiphysis and joint function of the distal femur. There were 4 boys and 2 girls, aged from 9 to 14 years (mean, 10.5 years). According to Enneking clinical staging, 4 cases were in stage II A and 2 cases in stage II B. According to San-Julian et al. typing for metaphyseal tumor invasion, 3 cases were in type I and 3 cases in type II. The size of tumor ranged from 6 cm x 4 cm to 12 cm x 9 cm. All patients received 2 cycles of COSS 86 chemotherapy before operation and 4 cycles after operation.RESULTS: Poor healing of incision was observed in 1 case because of rejection of allograft bone and good healing was obtained after the symptomatic treatment, healing of incision by first intention was achieved in the other children. All 6 cases were followed up 11 to 56 months (mean, 37.5 months). One case died of lung metastasis at 2 years after operation. X-ray films showed no complication of internal fixator loosening and broken or bone nonunion. According to the functional evaluation criteria of International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) at last follow-up, the results were excellent in 3 cases, good in 2 cases, and fair in 1 case; the excellent and good rate was 83.3%. The length of operated limb was (62.97 +/- 7.51) cm, showing significant difference when compared with that of normal limb [(64.03 +/- 7.47) cm] (t=0.246 6, P=0.813 4).CONCLUSION: On the premise of adaptable indication, effective chemotherapy, and thoroughly tumor resection, the epiphyseal distraction by external fixator can obtain satisfactory results in limb-length and limb function in children with osteoblastic osteosarcoma of the distal femur.
|
['Adolescent', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Bone Transplantation', 'Child', 'Epiphyses', 'External Fixators', 'Female', 'Femur', 'Fracture Fixation, Internal', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Transplantation, Homologous', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 23,230,659
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['E02.095.147.725.052', 'E04.555.130', 'E04.936.580.052'], ['M01.060.406'], ['A02.835.232.251'], ['E07.858.442.660.430', 'E07.858.690.725.430'], ['A02.835.232.043.150'], ['E04.555.300.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.789.625'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E04.936.864'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Electromyographic changes in automechanics with increased heavy metal levels.
|
Twenty automechanics possessing increased whole blood values of one or more of the following heavy metals; chromium, copper, lead, manganese and nickel, were studied for peripheral nerve affection by means of electromyography (both sensoric and motoric nerve potentials were recorded). The heavy metal contents were related to the findings of denervation, distal motor latency, distal sensory latency, motoric and sensoric conduction velocities. Apart from two workers, in whom only lead was assayed, the remaining group of 18 were assayed for all heavy metals under study. Six workers showed increased distal motor and/or sensory latency and seven decreased nerve conduction velocity (four motoric and three sensoric affections). Of the workers with nerve affection, three showed increased levels of lead (nickel and chromium also raised). Four workers showed increased lead, nickel and chromium and one of lead, chromium and manganese. All in all, 10 out of 20 workers (50 percent) with elevated lead levels showed definite signs of peripheral neuropathy and seven out of 14 with raised nickel values showed these signs but they could all be accounted for by the increased lead levels. All except seven workers with raised lead levels in the whole group showed values above the critical limit of 80.0 mug/100 ml in whole blood. The data argue for the highly toxic effect of lead and other heavy metals on the peripheral nervous system and stress the diverse toxic exposure which automechanics undergo during their work. The possibility of there being a synergistic action between heavy metals and components of mineral oil and petroleum is discussed.
|
['Action Potentials', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Chromium', 'Copper', 'Electromyography', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Erythrocytes', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lead', 'Levulinic Acids', 'Male', 'Manganese', 'Metals', 'Middle Aged', 'Neural Conduction', 'Nickel', 'Occupational Diseases', 'Oils', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Peripheral Nervous System Diseases']
| 183,452
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D01.268.556.175', 'D01.268.956.124', 'D01.552.544.175'], ['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['D02.241.755.547'], ['D01.268.556.484', 'D01.268.956.374', 'D01.552.544.484'], ['D01.552'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G07.265.753', 'G11.561.601'], ['D01.268.556.607', 'D01.268.956.625', 'D01.552.544.607'], ['C24'], ['D10.627'], ['D08.811.682'], ['C10.668.829']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
An adolescent with chronic giardiasis mimicking anorexia nervosa.
|
A 13-year-old Hispanic female presented with symptoms of abdominal pain, amenorrhea, and unintentional weight loss of 11 kg. Preliminary investigation yielded no immediate causes, and an initial differential included inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), celiac disease, as well as viral, bacterial, or parasitic gastrointestinal infection. Evaluation of these potential diagnoses yielded negative results; thus, the team thought that the patient may be suffering from anorexia nervosa. The patient was discharged to outpatient care, and was treated in our adolescent health clinic, where repeat laboratory testing yielded a positive Giardia-antigen test. The patient was placed on metronidazole, rapidly gained weight, and resumed menstruation soon after. The final diagnosis was chronic giardiasis. Chronic giardiasis is a rare and enigmatic disease that presents with many symptoms similar to chronic gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. IBD and celiac disease) and anorexia nervosa. Practitioners involved in the diagnosis and treatment of anorexia nervosa should be aware of this disorder and include it in differential diagnoses of patients presenting with anorexia nervosa symptoms.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anorexia Nervosa', 'Antiprotozoal Agents', 'Chronic Disease', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Giardiasis', 'Humans', 'Metronidazole', 'Missouri']
| 23,893,673
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F03.400.125'], ['D27.505.954.122.250.100'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['E01.171'], ['C01.610.432.481', 'C01.610.752.400', 'C06.405.469.452.481'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.640.672.500', 'D03.383.129.308.658.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510.515']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Passive sampling coupled to ultraviolet irradiation: a useful analytical approach for studying oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation in bioavailable mixtures.
|
The authors investigated coupling passive sampling technologies with ultraviolet irradiation experiments to study polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and oxygenated PAH transformation processes in real-world bioavailable mixtures. Passive sampling device (PSD) extracts were obtained from coastal waters impacted by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and Superfund sites in Portland, Oregon, USA. Oxygenated PAHs were found in the contaminated waters with our PSDs. All mixtures were subsequently exposed to a mild dose of ultraviolet B (UVB). A reduction in PAH levels and simultaneous formation of several oxygenated PAHs were measured. Site-specific differences were observed with UVB-exposed PSD mixtures.
|
['Environmental Monitoring', 'Gulf of Mexico', 'Oregon', 'Oxygen', 'Petroleum Pollution', 'Photolysis', 'Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons', 'Ultraviolet Rays', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical']
| 24,123,227
|
[['N06.850.460.350.080', 'N06.850.780.375'], ['Z01.756.092.325'], ['Z01.107.567.875.560.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.580.550'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['N06.850.460.660'], ['G02.740.685'], ['D02.455.426.559.847', 'D04.615'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.891', 'G01.590.540.891', 'G01.750.250.650.891', 'G01.750.750.659', 'G01.750.770.578.891', 'G16.500.275.063.725.525.600', 'G16.500.750.775.525.600', 'N06.230.300.100.725.525.600'], ['D27.888.284.903.655']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Kainate activated single channel currents as revealed by domoic acid.
|
We have studied the properties of kainic acid receptor-activated channels using domoic acid as an agonist. Similarities of the electrophysiological, pharmacological and noise properties of domoic acid and kainic acid-evoked currents confirm that domoate is a potent and specific agonist of the kainate receptor. Single-channel properties of domoic acid-evoked currents were directly determined from outside-out membrane patches for the first time, and results were compared with those obtained by fluctuation analysis of macroscopic currents. Small conductance cationic-selective channels of approximately 4 pS and a mean open time of 2 to 3 ms were detected using both methods.
|
['Animals', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cerebellum', 'Electrophysiology', 'Ion Channels', 'Kainic Acid', 'Magnesium', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Receptors, Kainic Acid', 'Receptors, Neurotransmitter']
| 1,705,880
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.251'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['H01.158.344.528', 'H01.158.782.236'], ['D12.776.157.530.400', 'D12.776.543.550.450', 'D12.776.543.585.400'], ['D03.383.773.400'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D27.505.696.663.700.710.550'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.400.500.200', 'D12.776.543.550.450.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.585.400.500.200.200', 'D12.776.543.750.720.200.450.400.200'], ['D12.776.543.750.720']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dynamic mechanical analysis of collagen fibrils at the nanoscale.
|
Low frequency (0.1-2 Hz) dynamic mechanical analysis on individual type I collagen fibrils has been carried out using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Both the elastic (static) and viscous (dynamic) responses are correlated to the characteristic axial banding, gap and overlap regions. The elastic modulus (?5 GPa) on the overlap region, where the density of tropocollagen is highest, is 160% that of the gap region. The amount of dissipation on each region is frequency dependent, with the gap region dissipating most energy at the lowest frequencies (0.1 Hz) and crossing over with the overlap region at ?0.75 Hz. This may reflect an ability of collagen fibrils to absorb energy over a range of frequencies using more than one mechanism, which is suggested as an evolutionary driver for the mechanical role of type I collagen in connective tissues and organs.
|
['Animals', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Collagen Type I', 'Elasticity', 'Hardness Tests', 'Mechanical Phenomena', 'Nanostructures', 'Rats', 'Tendons', 'Viscosity']
| 22,100,091
|
[['B01.050'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['D05.750.078.280.300.100', 'D12.776.860.300.250.300.100'], ['G01.374.590'], ['E05.417', 'E05.570.500.500', 'G01.374.647.457', 'G01.374.687.500'], ['G01.374'], ['J01.637.512'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['A02.880'], ['G02.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Neurophysiological findings among workers exposed to organic solvents.
|
Neurophysiological findings among patients with solvent poisoning and among groups with long-term occupational exposure to various solvents are reviewed. Hydrocarbons with six carbon atoms have been shown to cause peripheral neuropathy, which can be revealed with electroneurography and electromyography. Various mixtures of solvents and carbon disulfide have caused similar types of abnormalities. Abnormal electroencephalograms have been reported for patients with solvent poisoning and also connected to occupational exposure. Visual evoked potentials have rarely been applied to study of solvent effects, latency increases have been reported. Multiple lesions within the central and peripheral nervous system should arouse a thought of possible toxic etiology.
|
['Central Nervous System', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Electroencephalography', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Evoked Potentials, Visual', 'Humans', 'Nervous System', 'Nervous System Physiological Phenomena', 'Peripheral Nerves', 'Solvents', 'Time Factors']
| 6,962,646
|
[['A08.186'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['G07.265.216.500.425', 'G11.561.200.500.425', 'G14.330'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08'], ['G11.561'], ['A08.800.800'], ['D27.720.844'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Diagnosis of the presence of meconium in amniotic fluid by dispersion curves of the longitudinal relaxations of protons].
|
Dispersion curves of the longitudinal relaxation T1 of protons in healthy amniotic fluid in a meconium solution are distinct at low Larmor frequencies (V0 less than 100 kHz). We are thus able to distinguish these fluids by T1 measurements in this range.
|
['Amniotic Fluid', 'Female', 'Fetal Diseases', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Meconium', 'Pregnancy', 'Prenatal Diagnosis']
| 120,784
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Distinct effects of tetragastrin in rat gastroduodenal mucosa on mucin content and mucosal protective action against histamine-induced injury.
|
We examined the effects of tetragastrin on mucin (mucus glycoprotein) content and mucosal damage in the rat stomach and duodenum. Following an injection of tetragastrin (12, 120, or 400 microg/kg subcutaneously), no macroscopic damage was found to the gastric mucosa but an increase in corpus mucin content was noted, whereas mucosal lesions appeared and the mucin content decreased in the duodenum in a dose-related manner. In the groups with histamine (0.8, 8, or 80 mg/kg intraperitoneally) administration, the extent of mucosal damage and the decrease in mucin content were dose-related in both these regions. For assessment of the effect of tetragastrin on the protective action in gastroduodenal mucosa, changes in mucin content and mucosal damage with histamine (80 mg/kg) -induced injury were examined. Coadministration of tetragastrin prevented the gastric mucosal damage and inhibited the decrease in corpus mucin content. In the duodenum, tetragastrin aggravated the histamine-induced mucosal damage and did not inhibit the reduction of the mucin content. From the present results, the increase in gastric mucins induced by tetragastrin might be related to the protective effect of gastric mucosa against injury. Tetragastrin did not protect the duodenal mucosa, and histamine-induced injury occurring in this region would be aggravated by the increase in HCl secretion and the decrease in mucin content induced by tetragastrin.
|
['Animals', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Duodenum', 'Gastric Mucosa', 'Histamine', 'Intestinal Mucosa', 'Male', 'Mucins', 'Rats', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Tetragastrin']
| 9,590,421
|
[['B01.050'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['A03.556.124.684.124', 'A03.556.875.249'], ['A03.556.875.875.440', 'A10.615.550.291'], ['D02.092.211.215.501', 'D02.092.471.440', 'D03.383.129.308.373', 'D23.469.050.300'], ['A03.556.124.369', 'A10.615.550.444'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['D06.472.317.413.800', 'D12.644.456.830']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The Cytokinin Oxidase/Dehydrogenase CKX1 Is a Membrane-Bound Protein Requiring Homooligomerization in the Endoplasmic Reticulum for Its Cellular Activity.
|
Degradation of the plant hormone cytokinin is controlled by cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) enzymes. The molecular and cellular behavior of these proteins is still largely unknown. In this study, we show that CKX1 is a type II single-pass membrane protein that localizes predominantly to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). This indicates that this CKX isoform is a bona fide ER protein directly controlling the cytokinin, which triggers the signaling from the ER. By using various approaches, we demonstrate that CKX1 forms homodimers and homooligomers in vivo. The amino-terminal part of CKX1 was necessary and sufficient for the protein oligomerization as well as for targeting and retention in the ER. Moreover, we show that protein-protein interaction is largely facilitated by transmembrane helices and depends on a functional GxxxG-like interaction motif. Importantly, mutations rendering CKX1 monomeric interfere with its steady-state localization in the ER and cause a loss of the CKX1 biological activity by increasing its ER-associated degradation. Therefore, our study provides evidence that oligomerization is a crucial parameter regulating CKX1 biological activity and the cytokinin concentration in the ER. The work also lends strong support for the cytokinin signaling from the ER and for the functional relevance of the cytokinin pool in this compartment.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Arabidopsis', 'Arabidopsis Proteins', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum', 'Green Fluorescent Proteins', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Oxidoreductases', 'Protein Domains', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Protein Sorting Signals', 'Protein Stability', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins']
| 29,301,955
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.157.100'], ['D12.776.765.149'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.248'], ['D12.776.532.265'], ['D12.776.543'], ['D08.811.682'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.275.750', 'G02.111.570.820.709.610.500'], ['G02.111.694'], ['D12.644.770', 'G02.111.570.060.670'], ['G02.111.700'], ['D12.776.828.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
High-level expression of three members of the murine angiogenin family in Escherichia coli and purification of the recombinant proteins.
|
Angiogenin (Ang) is a small basic protein which belongs to the pancreatic ribonuclease superfamily. It potently induces the formation of new blood vessels and has emerged as a promising anticancer target. Mice possess genes encoding one ortholog (mAng) and three homologs of Ang, designated angiogenin-related protein (mAngrp), angiogenin-3 (mAng-3), and angiogenin-4 (mAng-4). Structural and functional study of these homologs has been hampered by the low yield of protein from the existing heterologous expression system. In the experiments described, we used a pET expression vector to express these proteins in the cytoplasm of Escherichia coli BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIL cells, whereupon substantial amounts of each accumulated in the form of insoluble aggregates. The proteins were renatured using an arginine-assisted procedure and subsequently purified by cation-exchange chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC; each purified protein was shown to be enzymatically active toward tRNA. The yields of pure mAngrp and mAng-3 were 7.6 and 12 mg/liter culture, respectively, representing substantial increases over previously reported experiments. This is also the first report of the expression and purification of mAng-4, obtained here in a yield of 30 mg/liter culture. The ready availability of milligram quantities of these proteins will enable further functional studies and high-resolution structural analyses to be conducted.
|
['Angiogenesis Inducing Agents', 'Animals', 'Escherichia coli', 'Mice', 'Multigene Family', 'Protein Biosynthesis', 'Proteins', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Ribonuclease, Pancreatic', 'Ribonucleases']
| 11,437,607
|
[['D27.505.696.377.077.077'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.645'], ['G02.111.660.871', 'G03.734.871', 'G05.297.670'], ['D12.776'], ['D12.776.828'], ['D08.811.277.352.355.350.715', 'D08.811.277.352.700.350.715'], ['D08.811.277.352.700']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
ASHP guidelines on surgery and anesthesiology pharmaceutical services. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
|
Pharmaceutical services in surgery and anesthesiology should be the standard of practice in health care organizations across the United States. Although not essential, an onsite satellite pharmacy would help in the provision of these services. A majority of distribution-related activities should be done by technicians. The availability of automated devices and other technology may lessen, to some extent, the time devoted to drug distribution. It is important for the OR pharmacist to concentrate on the provision of clinical services, such as medication-use management, drug information services, medication-use evaluations, formulary management, and pharmacoeconomic analyses of anesthesia-related medications. These activities provide the best opportunity for the pharmacist to contribute to improving patient care and outcomes and containing costs. Finally, pharmaceutical services in surgery and anesthesiology should be periodically assessed for patient care and financial effectiveness.
|
['Anesthesiology', 'Drug Compounding', 'Economics, Hospital', 'General Surgery', 'Humans', 'Pharmaceutical Services', 'Public Policy']
| 10,344,614
|
[['H02.403.066'], ['E05.916.270'], ['N03.219.262'], ['H02.403.810.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.421.668'], ['I01.655.500.608', 'I01.880.604.825.608', 'N03.623.500.608']]
|
['Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Bio-inspired motifs via tandem assembly of polypeptides for mineralization of stable CaCO3 structures.
|
A macromolecular-assembly of polypeptides constructs a network of anionic and cationic charges vital for recognizing and coassembling Ca(2+) and CO(3)(2-) ions to mineralize and stabilize different mineral forms of CaCO(3) with core-shell or solid morphologies in an aqueous solution.
|
['Calcium Carbonate', 'Crystallization', 'Microscopy, Electron, Scanning', 'Peptides']
| 22,792,540
|
[['D01.146.275', 'D01.200.275.150.150', 'D01.578.200'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.541', 'E05.595.402.541'], ['D12.644']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Matrix-driven translocation: dependence on interaction of amino-terminal domain of fibronectin with heparin-like surface components of cells or particles.
|
During the process of matrix-driven translocation, certain types of cells or polystyrene latex beads are transported between compositionally different regions of a collagen matrix. Under appropriate conditions this translocation depends on an interaction between the cell or particle surface and fibronectin. We now show that this interaction takes place at a site located within the first 31 kDa of the amino-terminal end of the fibronectin molecule. Using defined fibronectin fragments and monoclonal antibodies directed against specific fibronectin domains, this site is established as both necessary and sufficient for the promotion of matrix-driven translocation. Competition experiments using heparin, heparan sulfate, and other sulfated polysaccharides show that this fibronectin site interacts with heparin-like cell or particle surface components in promoting matrix-driven translocation. Treatment of cells with heparinase renders them unresponsive to the translocational effect. An antibody directed against the amino-terminal domain of fibronectin completely inhibits matrix-driven translocation without interfering with heparin binding, suggesting that a post-binding conformational change in fibronectin may be required for promotion of the effect.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Binding Sites', 'Biophysical Phenomena', 'Biophysics', 'Collagen', 'Dextran Sulfate', 'Dextrans', 'Epitopes', 'Fibronectins', 'Gels', 'Heparin', 'Heparitin Sulfate', 'Humans', 'Latex', 'Microspheres', 'Motion', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Binding', 'Surface Properties']
| 2,440,029
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['G01.154'], ['H01.158.344', 'H01.671.100'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['D09.698.365.272.300'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['D23.050.550'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['D20.280.320', 'D26.255.165.320'], ['D09.698.373.400'], ['D09.698.373.425'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D05.750.078.625', 'D20.215.721.124', 'D25.720.099.625', 'D25.720.099.750.500', 'D25.720.327.840.239', 'J01.637.051.720.099.625', 'J01.637.051.720.540'], ['E07.565'], ['G01.482'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.860']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effects of maternal genetic polymorphisms in vitamin D-binding protein and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration on infant birth weight.
|
OBJECTIVE: Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem during pregnancy and might contribute to adverse birth outcomes. Vitamin D-binding protein plays a key role in regulating vitamin D metabolism. We investigated whether maternal genetic variation in GC, the gene encoding vitamin-D binding protein, modulates the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and infant birth weight.METHODS: We measured 25(OH)D concentrations in maternal and umbilical cord blood from 356 pregnant women and their infants by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We extracted DNA from the maternal blood for genotyping GC single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).RESULTS: The 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly higher in the maternal blood than in the cord blood, although the concentrations from each source were positively correlated with one another among individuals. Maternal GC SNPs rs12512631 and rs7041 were not significantly associated with infant birth weight. On the other hand, the GC SNPs rs12512631 and rs7041 significantly modified the relationships between the maternal and cord-blood concentrations of 25(OH)D and birth weight. Low 25(OH)D levels in the maternal and cord blood were significantly associated with decreased birth weight among infants born to mothers carrying the rs12512631 'C' allele but not in those born to mothers homozygous for the 'T' allele (P-interaction = 0.043 and 0.0008 for the maternal and cord blood, respectively). Low 25(OH)D levels in the cord blood were significantly associated with decreased birth weight only among infants born to mothers carrying the rs7041 'G' allele (P-interaction = 0.009).CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the interaction between 25(OH)D status and some maternal GC variants influence the birth weight of infants.
|
['Adult', 'Alleles', 'Birth Weight', 'Body Mass Index', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genotype', 'Genotyping Techniques', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Pregnancy', 'Prospective Studies', 'Regression Analysis', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency', 'Vitamin D-Binding Protein', 'Young Adult']
| 28,241,988
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.030'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.380'], ['E05.393.442'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G07.203.650.566'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770'], ['D12.776.157.920'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Purification and characterization of fish surface mucin.
|
Fish surface mucin from Pampus argenteus was extracted with different organic solvents and the residue passed through Sephadex G-200. The major peak was purified by DEAE-Cellulose chromatography and five fractions were obtained. Carbohydrate and protein contents showed that major peak is a glycoprotein. Rechromatography of this component on the Sephadex G-200 column gave a single peak, with an estimated minimal molecular weight of 6.9 X 10(5). Analysis of individual sugar components revealed the presence of galactose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl galactosamine and sialic acid. The most represented amino acids are threonine, serine, proline, glutamic acid and glycine. The N-terminal amino acid end was blocked. Nearly 47% of sulphate was acid labile. Sialic acid and fucose were released rapidly by mild acid hydrolysis. The presence of blood group-A activity suggests that some kind of terminal alpha-Gal-NAC may be present.
|
['Amino Acids', 'Animals', 'Carbohydrate Conformation', 'Carbohydrates', 'Chemical Fractionation', 'Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Fishes', 'Fucose', 'Hydrolysis', 'Mucins', 'N-Acetylneuraminic Acid', 'Sialic Acids', 'Sulfates']
| 3,610,597
|
[['D12.125'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.820.235'], ['D09'], ['E05.196.155'], ['E05.196.181.400.383.349'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['D09.254.488'], ['G02.380'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['D02.241.081.844.562.668.050', 'D02.241.511.902.562.668.050', 'D09.067.687.668.030', 'D09.811.589.668.030'], ['D02.241.081.844.562.668', 'D02.241.511.902.562.668', 'D09.067.687.668', 'D09.811.589.668'], ['D01.248.497.158.845', 'D01.875.800.800.850']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pigment sludge and stone formation in the acutely ligated dog gallbladder.
|
We studied the effects of stasis of gallbladder bile in a dog model. Three days after cystic duct ligation, all gallbladders contained sludge, and the mucosa was covered by densely adherent mucus with solid particles 1-4 mm in diameter (gravel). Thirty percent of the animals developed stones (greater than 4 mm), which appeared grossly like human pigment stones and microscopically like condensed biliary sludge. Centrifugation of bile yielded colorless pellets (3.8 +/- 3.2 mg/ml) at day 0 and pigmented pellets (33.1 +/- 11.0 mg/ml) at day 3 (p less than 0.05). Pellets contained 73 +/- 8% mucin by weight. Dissolved mucin in supernatant bile increased from 7.46 +/- 1.19 mg/ml (day 0) to 27.36 +/- 3.05 mg/ml (day 3) (p less than 0.001), while bilirubin concentration decreased from 127 +/- 12 mg/dl (day 0) to 71 +/- 16 mg/dl (day 3) (p less than 0.001). Cholesterol concentration increased but did not reach saturation, while the concentration of bile salt and phospholipid did not change. Mucin-bilirubin complexes formed and remained suspended as sludge initially. As bile mucin content increased, sludge particles coalesced, precipitated, and eventually formed gravel and stones. We suspect that stone formation in this setting occurs because of sequestration of biliary lipids by mucin.
|
['Animals', 'Bile Acids and Salts', 'Bile Pigments', 'Bilirubin', 'Cholelithiasis', 'Cholestasis', 'Cholesterol', 'Cystic Duct', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Gallbladder', 'Ligation', 'Male', 'Mucins', 'Time Factors']
| 6,618,107
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.105'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249', 'D03.633.400.909.249', 'D04.345.783.249', 'D23.767.193'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.249.184', 'D03.633.400.909.249.184', 'D04.345.783.249.184', 'D23.767.193.184'], ['C06.130.409'], ['C06.130.120.135'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.284', 'D04.210.500.247.808.197', 'D10.570.938.208'], ['A03.159.183.079.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['A03.159.439'], ['E04.426'], ['D12.776.395.560.631'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Studies on the mechanism of action of 2-beta-D-ribofuranosylthiazole-4-carboxamide--V. Factors governing the response of murine tumors to tiazofurin.
|
The pharmacological effects and metabolism of tiazofurin have been compared in the six transplantable tumors comprising the NCI rodent tumor panel, viz. the P388 leukemia (S); the L1210 leukemia (S); the Lewis lung carcinoma (S); the B16 melanoma (R); the colon 38 carcinoma (R); and the M5076 sarcoma (R), where (S) denotes sensitivity and (R) resistance to tiazofurin. In addition, a variant of the P388 leukemia rendered resistant to the drug in vitro, and maintaining stable resistance in vivo, P388/TR, was also studied. Intraperitoneal administration of tiazofurin (100 mg/kg) resulted in a 3- to 30-fold greater accumulation of thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), the proposed active metabolite of the drug in S versus R lines. In general, levels of TAD, percent inhibition of IMP dehydrogenase (mean 40% in S versus 10% in R), depression in the concentration of guanosine nucleotides, (50% in S versus 20% in R) and percent elevation of levels of IMP (500% in S versus 60% in R) correlated well with sensitivity or resistance. However, the B16 melanoma, although resistant to tiazofurin treatment, showed certain biochemical features characteristic of an S line. The sensitive and resistant tumors displayed comparable abilities to phosphorylate tiazofurin, but there was significant depression only in the R lines of the pyrophosphorylase which converts tiazofurin-5'-monophosphate to TAD (mean 78 nmoles/mg protein/hr in S versus 22 nmoles/mg protein/hr in R). The naturally resistant tumors were also found to exhibit a greater ability to degrade synthetic TAD than the sensitive lines (mean 102 nmoles/mg protein/hr in R versus 29 nmoles/mg protein/hr in S lines). The state of sensitivity or resistance could not be attributed to the basal levels of IMP dehydrogenase, to the specific activities of the enzymes of purine salvage, or to the basal concentration of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides. Moreover, treatment with tiazofurin did not influence the enzymes of TAD synthesis or of purine salvage.
|
['Adenine Nucleotides', 'Animals', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Biotransformation', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Resistance', 'Female', 'IMP Dehydrogenase', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Nucleotides', 'Ribavirin', 'Ribonucleosides']
| 6,143,562
|
[['D03.633.100.759.646.138', 'D13.695.667.138', 'D13.695.827.068'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['D08.811.682.047.820.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['D09.408.620', 'D13.695'], ['D13.570.800.790'], ['D13.570.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Methadone conversion in infants and children: Retrospective cohort study of 199 pediatric inpatients.
|
OBJECTIVE: Methadone administration has increased in pediatric clinical settings. This review is an attempt to ascertain an equianalgesic dose ratio for methadone in the pediatric population using standard adult dose conversion guidelines.SETTING: US tertiary children's hospital.PATIENTS: Hospitalized pediatric patients, 0-18 years of age.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A retrospective chart review was conducted for patients who were converted from their initial opioid therapy regimen (morphine, hydromorphone, and/or fentanyl) to methadone. The primary endpoint was whether or not a dose correction was needed for methadone in the 6 days following conversion using standard dose conversion charts for adults. Documented clinical signs of withdrawal, unrelieved pain, or oversedation were examined.RESULTS: The majority (53.7 percent) of the 199 children were converted to methadone on intensive care units prior extubation or postextubation. The mean conversion ratio was 23.7 mg of oral morphine to 1 mg of oral methadone (median, 18.8 mg:1 mg, SD=25.7). Most patients experienced an adequate conversion (n=115, 57.8 percent), while 83 (41.7 percent) appeared undermedicated, and one child was oversedated. There were no associations found with conversion ratios for initial morphine dose, days to conversion, or effect of withdrawal of concomitant agents with potential for withdrawal.CONCLUSIONS: Opioid conversion to methadone is commonly practiced at our institution; however, dosing was significantly lower compared to adult conversion ratios, and more than 40 percent of children were undermedicated. The majority of children in this study received opioids for sedation while intubated and ventilated; therefore, safe and efficacious pediatric methadone conversion rates remain unclear. Prospective studies are needed.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Analgesics, Opioid', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Consciousness', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Dosage Calculations', 'Drug Monitoring', 'Drug Overdose', 'Drug Substitution', 'Hospitals, Pediatric', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Inpatients', 'Intubation, Intratracheal', 'Methadone', 'Minnesota', 'Pain', 'Pharmacy Service, Hospital', 'Respiration, Artificial', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Substance Withdrawal Syndrome', 'Tertiary Care Centers', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 27,194,197
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['D27.505.696.277.600.500', 'D27.505.696.663.850.014.760.500', 'D27.505.954.427.040.550.500', 'D27.505.954.427.210.600.500'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['F02.463.188.409', 'F02.830.233'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.305'], ['E01.370.520.200'], ['C25.775.383', 'E02.319.306.500.500'], ['E02.319.307.312', 'N02.421.668.778.500.312'], ['N02.278.421.556.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.643.470'], ['E02.041.500', 'E02.585.578', 'E05.497.578'], ['D02.522.675'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.510', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.510'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.603', 'N02.421.668.556', 'N04.452.442.452.422.603'], ['E02.041.625', 'E02.365.647.729', 'E02.880.820'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C25.775.835', 'F03.900.825'], ['N02.278.421.830'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
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| 1
| 1
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| 0
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress and glycogen synthase kinase-3â activation in apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse models of accelerated atherosclerosis.
|
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to examine the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling and the contribution of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3â activation in hyperglycemic, hyperhomocysteinemic, and high-fat-fed apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mouse models of accelerated atherosclerosis.METHODS AND RESULTS: Female apoE(-/-) mice received multiple low-dose injections of streptozotocin (40 ìg/kg) to induce hyperglycemia, methionine-supplemented drinking water (0.5% wt/vol) to induce hyperhomocysteinemia, or a high-fat (21% milk fat+0.2% cholesterol) diet to induce relative dyslipidemia. A subset of mice from each group was supplemented with sodium valproate (625 mg/kg), a compound with GSK3 inhibitory activity. At 15 and 24 weeks of age, markers of ER stress, lipid accumulation, GSK3â phosphorylation, and GSK3â activity were analyzed in liver and aorta. Atherosclerotic lesions were examined and quantified. Hyperglycemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, and high-fat diet significantly enhanced GSK3â activity and also increased hepatic steatosis and atherosclerotic lesion volume compared with controls. Valproate supplementation blocked GSK3â activation and attenuated the development of atherosclerosis and the accumulation of hepatic lipids in each of the models examined. The mechanism by which GSK3â activity is regulated in these models likely involves alterations in phosphorylation at serine 9 and tyrosine 216.CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the existence of a common mechanism of accelerated atherosclerosis involving ER stress signaling through activation of GSK3â. Furthermore, our results suggest that atherosclerosis can be attenuated by modulating GSK3â phosphorylation.
|
['Animals', 'Aorta', 'Apolipoproteins E', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Diet, High-Fat', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress', 'Enzyme Activation', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fatty Liver', 'Female', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3', 'Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hyperhomocysteinemia', 'Lipid Metabolism', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Phosphorylation', 'Signal Transduction', 'Valproic Acid']
| 21,998,135
|
[['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D10.532.091.500', 'D12.776.070.400.500', 'D12.776.521.120.500'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['G07.203.650.240.267'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G04.434'], ['G02.111.263', 'G03.328'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['C06.552.241'], ['D05.500.117.875', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625', 'D12.644.360.300.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875', 'D12.776.476.300.500'], ['D05.500.117.875.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.429.500.500', 'D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.646.625.500', 'D12.644.360.300.500.500', 'D12.776.476.081.875.500', 'D12.776.476.300.500.500'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C16.320.565.100.480', 'C18.452.603.378', 'C18.452.648.100.480', 'C18.654.521.500.133.699.418'], ['G03.458'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['G02.111.665', 'G02.607.780', 'G03.796'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.241.081.944.509.900', 'D10.251.400.895.593.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Effects of formaldehyde on the isolated phrenic nerve and the phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation of the rat, in vitro.
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Formaldehyde, 0.5-4.5 mM, increased the threshold for electrical excitation of the nerve, and led to a partial and reversible inhibition of the compound action potential (cAP). The depression was not enhanced by high frequency stimulation. At 8.9 mM or higher, the depression of the nerve excitability could not be reversed. The inhibition of the nerve developed more slowly than that of the muscle, and the nerve was unaffected after 10 min exposure to 2.2 mM. Formaldehyde, 2.2 mM, caused an immediate depression of the indirectly (through the nerve) and directory (at the muscle) elicited twitch tension. After 10 min the tensions were reduced to respectively, 56% and 49% of control. However, the electromyogram was not changed, indicating that the effect was localized to the excitation-contraction coupling. Tetanic tension (100 Hz in 5 sec) was inhibited more than twitch tension during indirect stimulation, whereas the opposite was found during direct stimulation of the muscle. Thus, during high frequency stimulation, formaldehyde must have an additional effect on the neuromuscular transmission. This effect was localized presynaptically since a fall out of endplate potentials was observed in the formaldehyde-treated diaphragm. In 6.7 mM or higher concentrations the directly or indirectly induced contractions were irreversibly blocked. The resting membrane potential of the muscle cells was unchanged after exposure to formaldehyde. Formaldehyde caused myotonia-like contractions of the diaphragm, occasionally after exposure to low concentrations (2.2 mM), and always after exposure to higher concentrations.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
['Action Potentials', 'Animals', 'Diaphragm', 'Electric Stimulation', 'Electromyography', 'Female', 'Formaldehyde', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Male', 'Microelectrodes', 'Neuromuscular Junction', 'Phrenic Nerve', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Synaptic Transmission']
| 2,995,883
|
[['G04.580.100', 'G07.265.675.100', 'G11.561.570.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A02.633.567.900.300'], ['E05.723.402'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['D02.047.407'], ['E05.481'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['A08.800.550.550.550', 'A08.850.550.550', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780.550.550'], ['A08.800.800.720.150.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.111.820.850', 'G04.835.850', 'G07.265.880', 'G11.561.830']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
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Mortality among residents of Uravan, Colorado who lived near a uranium mill, 1936-84.
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A cohort mortality study was conducted of all adult residents who ever lived in Uravan, Colorado, a company town built around a uranium mill. Vital status was determined through 2004 and standardised mortality analyses conducted for 1905 men and women alive after 1978 who lived for at least 6 months between 1936 and 1984 in Uravan. Overall, mortality from all causes (standardised mortality ratio (SMR) 0.90) and all cancers (SMR 1.00) was less than or as expected based on US mortality rates. Among the 459 residents who had worked in underground uranium mines, a significant increase in lung cancer was found (SMR 2.00; 95% CI 1.39-2.78). No significant elevation in lung cancer was seen among the 767 female residents of Uravan or the 622 uranium mill workers. No cause of death of a priori interest was significantly increased in any group, i.e. cancers of the kidney, liver, breast, lymphoma or leukaemia or non-malignant respiratory disease, renal disease or liver disease. This community cohort study revealed a significant excess of lung cancer among males who had been employed as underground miners. We attribute this excess to the historically high levels of radon in uranium mines of the Colorado Plateau, coupled with the heavy use of tobacco products. There was no evidence that environmental radiation exposures above natural background associated with the uranium mill operations increased the risk of cancer. Although the population studied was relatively small, the follow-up was long, extending up to 65 years after first residence in Uravan, and nearly half of the study subjects had died.
|
['Adult', 'Causality', 'Cohort Studies', 'Colorado', 'Demography', 'Environmental Exposure', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Mining', 'Occupational Exposure', 'Radon', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sex Distribution', 'Uranium']
| 17,768,330
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.200', 'N06.850.490.625'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['Z01.107.567.875.760.210'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['N06.850.460.350'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['J01.576.655.875.500'], ['N06.850.460.350.600'], ['D01.268.271.800', 'D01.268.613.700', 'D01.362.641.745', 'D01.496.749.305.800'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['D01.268.271.100.950', 'D01.268.556.900', 'D01.496.749.305.100.950', 'D01.552.020.940', 'D01.552.544.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
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Human apolipoprotein A-II enrichment displaces paraoxonase from HDL and impairs its antioxidant properties: a new mechanism linking HDL protein composition and antiatherogenic potential.
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Apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II), the second major high-density lipoprotein (HDL) apolipoprotein, has been linked to familial combined hyperlipidemia. Human apoA-II transgenic mice constitute an animal model for this proatherogenic disease. We studied the ability of human apoA-II transgenic mice HDL to protect against oxidative modification of apoB-containing lipoproteins. When challenged with an atherogenic diet, antigens related to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation were markedly increased in the aorta of 11.1 transgenic mice (high human apoA-II expressor). HDL from control mice and 11.1 transgenic mice were coincubated with autologous very LDL (VLDL) or LDL, or with human LDL under oxidative conditions. The degree of oxidative modification of apoB lipoproteins was then evaluated by measuring relative electrophoretic mobility, dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, 9- and 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid content, and conjugated diene kinetics. In all these different approaches, and in contrast to control mice, HDL from 11.1 transgenic mice failed to protect LDL from oxidative modification. A decreased content of apoA-I, paraoxonase (PON1), and platelet-activated factor acetyl-hydrolase activities was found in HDL of 11.1 transgenic mice. Liver gene expression of these HDL-associated proteins did not differ from that of control mice. In contrast, incubation of isolated human apoA-II with control mouse plasma at 37 degrees C decreased PON1 activity and displaced the enzyme from HDL. Thus, overexpression of human apoA-II in mice impairs the ability of HDL to protect apoB-containing lipoproteins from oxidation. Further, the displacement of PON1 by apoA-II could explain in part why PON1 is mostly found in HDL particles with apoA-I and without apoA-II, as well as the poor antiatherogenic properties of apoA-II-rich HDL.
|
['1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase', 'Animals', 'Aorta', 'Aortic Diseases', 'Apolipoprotein A-I', 'Apolipoprotein A-II', 'Arteriosclerosis', 'Aryldialkylphosphatase', 'Cholesterol, HDL', 'Diet, Atherogenic', 'Dinoprost', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II', 'Lipoproteins, HDL', 'Lipoproteins, LDL', 'Lipoproteins, VLDL', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Mice', 'Mice, Transgenic', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances']
| 15,388,641
|
[['D08.811.277.352.100.680.750.937.249'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['C14.907.109'], ['D10.532.091.200.100', 'D12.776.070.400.200.100', 'D12.776.521.120.200.100'], ['D10.532.091.200.150', 'D12.776.070.400.200.150', 'D12.776.521.120.200.150'], ['C14.907.137.126'], ['D08.811.277.352.660.500'], ['D04.210.500.247.808.197.238', 'D10.532.432.400', 'D10.570.938.208.270', 'D12.776.521.479.470'], ['G07.203.650.240.242'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.400.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.400.200'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C16.320.565.398.481', 'C18.452.584.500.500.644.475', 'C18.452.648.398.481'], ['D10.532.432', 'D12.776.521.479'], ['D10.532.515', 'D12.776.521.550'], ['D10.532.599', 'D12.776.521.622'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D02.047.700.700', 'D27.720.470.410.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Metabonomics applied in exploring the antitumour mechanism of physapubenolide on hepatocellular carcinoma cells by targeting glycolysis through the Akt-p53 pathway.
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Metabolomics can be used to identify potential markers and discover new targets for future therapeutic interventions. Here, we developed a novel application of the metabonomics method based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) for rapidly exploring the anticancer mechanism of physapubenolide (PB), a cytotoxic withanolide isolated from Physalis species. PB inhibited the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo, accompanied by apoptosis-related biochemical events, including the cleavage of caspase-3/7/9 and PARP. Metabolic profiling analysis revealed that PB disturbed the metabolic pattern and significantly decreased lactate production. This suggests that the suppression of glycolysis plays an important role in the anti-tumour effects induced by PB, which is further supported by the decreased expression of glycolysis-related genes and proteins. Furthermore, the increased level of p53 and decreased expression of p-Akt were observed, and the attenuated glycolysis and enhanced apoptosis were reversed in the presence of Akt cDNA or p53 siRNA. These results confirm that PB exhibits anti-cancer activities through the Akt-p53 pathway. Our study not only reports for the first time the anti-tumour mechanism of PB, but also suggests that PB is a promising therapeutic agent for use in cancer treatments and that metabolomic approaches provide a new strategy to effectively explore the molecular mechanisms of promising anticancer compounds.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Apoptosis', 'Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Glycolysis', 'Hep G2 Cells', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Metabolomics', 'Mitochondria', 'Models, Biological', 'Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt', 'Signal Transduction', 'Tumor Suppressor Protein p53', 'Withanolides']
| 27,416,811
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G02.111.158.750', 'G03.191.750', 'G03.295.436', 'G03.493.360'], ['A11.251.860.180.432', 'A11.436.348.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['H01.158.201.586', 'H01.158.273.180.599', 'H01.181.122.638'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.755', 'D12.776.476.565', 'D12.776.624.664.700.168'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.157.687.650', 'D12.776.260.820', 'D12.776.624.776.775', 'D12.776.660.720.650', 'D12.776.744.845'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.537.888', 'D04.210.500.247.808.756.904', 'D10.570.938.795.904', 'D23.704.500.904']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Routes to improving the reliability of low level DNA analysis using real-time PCR.
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BACKGROUND: Accurate quantification of DNA using quantitative real-time PCR at low levels is increasingly important for clinical, environmental and forensic applications. At low concentration levels (here referring to under 100 target copies) DNA quantification is sensitive to losses during preparation, and suffers from appreciable valid non-detection rates for sampling reasons. This paper reports studies on a real-time quantitative PCR assay targeting a region of the human SRY gene over a concentration range of 0.5 to 1000 target copies. The effects of different sample preparation and calibration methods on quantitative accuracy were investigated.RESULTS: At very low target concentrations of 0.5-10 genome equivalents (g.e.) eliminating any replicates within each DNA standard concentration with no measurable signal (non-detects) compromised calibration. Improved calibration could be achieved by eliminating all calibration replicates for any calibration standard concentration with non-detects ('elimination by sample'). Test samples also showed positive bias if non-detects were removed prior to averaging; less biased results were obtained by converting to concentration, including non-detects as zero concentration, and averaging all values. Tube plastic proved to have a strongly significant effect on DNA quantitation at low levels (p = 1.8 x 10(-4)). At low concentrations (under 10 g.e.), results for assays prepared in standard plastic were reduced by about 50% compared to the low-retention plastic. Preparation solution (carrier DNA or stabiliser) was not found to have a significant effect in this study.Detection probabilities were calculated using logistic regression. Logistic regression over large concentration ranges proved sensitive to non-detected replicate reactions due to amplification failure at high concentrations; the effect could be reduced by regression against log (concentration) or, better, by eliminating invalid responses.CONCLUSION: Use of low-retention plastic tubes is advised for quantification of DNA solutions at levels below 100 g.e. For low-level calibration using linear least squares, it is better to eliminate the entire replicate group for any standard that shows non-detects reasonably attributable to sampling effects than to either eliminate non-detects or to assign arbitrary high Ct values. In calculating concentrations for low-level test samples with non-detects, concentrations should be calculated for each replicate, zero concentration assigned to non-detects, and all resulting concentration values averaged. Logistic regression is a useful method of estimating detection probability at low DNA concentrations.
|
['Artifacts', 'Base Sequence', 'Computer Simulation', 'Computer Systems', 'Microchemistry', 'Models, Genetic', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis', 'Quality Control', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA', 'Specimen Handling']
| 16,824,215
|
[['E05.047'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['L01.224.160'], ['L01.224.230'], ['E05.196.620', 'H01.181.650'], ['E05.599.395.397'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.661.640', 'E05.393.760.640', 'E05.588.570.660', 'E05.601.640'], ['J01.897.608'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.393.760.700'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Topographic anatomy of the lingual nerve and variations in communication pattern of the mandibular nerve branches.
|
We made a thorough observation of the morphology and course of the lingual nerve (LN) and inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) to clarify their topographical relationships in the infratemporal fossa and in the paralingual area. Thirty-two Korean hemi-sectioned heads were dissected macroscopically and microscopically from a clinical viewpoint. On the 32 tracings on the radiograph, the average distance between the retromolar portion and the LN was 7.8 mm, and no case was found where the LN ran above the alveolar crest as passing along the mandibular lingual plate. The bifurcation of the LN and IAN was located around the mandibular notch, inferior to the otic ganglion in 66% of the cases, and a plexiform branching pattern of the mandibular nerve was observed in only two cases. The bifurcation spot of the LN and IAN was located 14.3 mm inferior to the foramen ovale and 16.5 mm superior to the tip of hamulus. Collateral nerve twigs from the LN to the retromolar area were observed in 26 cases (81.2%), with an average of one nerve twig. We observed four types of variations in terms of communication pattern. In four specimens, the mylohyoid nerve passed through the mylohyoid muscle and connected with the LN. In other four specimens, the IAN communicated with the auriculotemporal nerve. We also observed another type of variational communication between the IAN and the nerve to the lateral pterygoid (LPt); this was observed in only one specimen, and it could be predicted that motor innervation from the nerve to the LPt was transmitted via the mental nerve to the depressor anguli oris. Another type was observed where the IAN divided into two branches with the posterior branch being partially entrapped by the LPt muscle fibers.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cadaver', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lingual Nerve', 'Male', 'Mandibular Nerve', 'Middle Aged']
| 14,586,562
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.260.224'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A08.800.800.120.760.500.450'], ['A08.800.800.120.760.500'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Genomic aberrations in the HTPAP promoter affect tumor metastasis and clinical prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
|
We previously reported that the intronic tagSNP +357G/C in the metastasis suppressor HTPAP is associated with metastasis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate whether SNPs in the HTPAP promoter modulate HTPAP expression and prognosis of HCC. Genomic DNA from 572 microdissected HCCs were genotyped by pyrosequencing and verified by direct sequencing. Haplotype blocks were analyzed. Reporter plasmids were constructed and transfected into HCC cell lines. Transcriptional activities of plasmids were analyzed by dual-luciferase reporter systems. HTPAP expression was measured by real-time quantitative PCR, western blots, and tissue microarrays. Invasion was assessed by Matrigel assays. The prognostic values of HTPAP promoter SNPs in HCC were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. We identified six SNPs, including -1053A/G and +64G/C, in the HTPAP promoter. The SNPs were in complete linkage disequilibrium, resulting in three promoter haplotypes (promoter I:-1053AA/+64GG, promoter II: -1053AG/+64GC, and promoter III: -1053GG/+64CC). Promoter I manifested the highest luciferase index (p<0.005). However, no significant difference was observed between promoters II and III. We consistently found that HTPAP mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in promoter I than that of promoter II+III (p<0.001). Invasion was increased in HCC cells transfected with promoters II+III compared to those transfected with promoter I (p<0.05). The HTPAP promoter II+III haplotype was associated with significantly increased metastasis compared to that of promoter I (p = 0.023). The postoperative five-year overall survival of patients with promoters II+III was lower than that of patients with promoter I (p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis showed that the promoter II+III haplotype was an adverse prognostic marker in HCC. The genetic variants at loci -1053 and +64 of the HTPAP promoter affect the expression of HTPAP, which might be a novel determinant and target for HCC prognosis.
|
['Carcinoma, Hepatocellular', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Genomics', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Liver Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Invasiveness', 'Neoplasm Metastasis', 'Phosphatidate Phosphatase', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Prognosis', 'Promoter Regions, Genetic', 'Transcription, Genetic']
| 24,603,412
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025.255', 'C04.588.274.623.160', 'C06.301.623.160', 'C06.552.697.160'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G05.308.370'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.274.623', 'C06.301.623', 'C06.552.697'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.645', 'C23.550.727.645'], ['C04.697.650', 'C23.550.727.650'], ['D08.811.277.352.650.620'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['E01.789'], ['G02.111.570.080.689.675', 'G05.360.080.689.675', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.750.680'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Is elderspeak appropriate? A survey of certified nursing assistants.
|
Elderspeak is a form of patronizing speech that is sometimes used with older adults and can result in unintended negative consequences. Certified nursing assistants (CNAs) working in long-term care facilities may be particularly prone to using elderspeak because they frequently interact with vulnerable and frail older adults who require assistance with activities of daily living. The purpose of the current study was to assess contextual variables that may prompt the use of elderspeak by CNAs. One hundred thirty-four CNAs completed a 36-item questionnaire intended to determine their evaluations of the appropriateness of elderspeak in a variety of contexts. Results indicated that specific resident-related variables (e.g., age, cognitive impairment) and situational variables (e.g., the absence of others during a CNA-resident interaction) were associated with higher ratings of appropriateness of elderspeak. These findings may have implications for improving communication training for CNAs.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Attitude of Health Personnel', 'Communication', 'Female', 'Geriatric Nursing', 'Homes for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Language', 'Long-Term Care', 'Male', 'Midwestern United States', 'Nurse-Patient Relations', 'Nursing Assistants', 'Nursing Homes', 'Paternalism']
| 24,716,644
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F01.100.050', 'N05.300.100'], ['F01.145.209', 'L01.143'], ['H02.478.676.236', 'N02.421.533.245'], ['J03.775.462', 'N02.278.825.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.209.399', 'L01.559'], ['E02.760.476', 'N02.421.585.476'], ['Z01.107.567.875.510'], ['F01.829.401.650.600', 'N05.300.660.560'], ['M01.526.485.067.652', 'N02.360.067.652'], ['N02.278.825.610'], ['F01.829.547']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Application of transglutaminase and fermizyme for sensory quality improvement of pastry.
|
The objective of the model experiment was to find out the improving effect of two selected enzymes, transglutaminase (i) and fermizyme (ii), added at different concentrations of 4.5 mg and 7.5 mg/300 g flour (i) and 15 mg and 60 mg/300 g flour (ii) to the pastry dough on the quality of end products. The investigation was aimed to observe some changes of the sensory parameters (sensory profile) of pastry produced from the freezer-stored dough (-18 +/- 2 degrees C/0, 1, 7 and 14 days), namely shape (camber), odour, taste, crust colour (thickness/hardness), crumb elasticity (porosity, colour, hardness), adhesiveness to palate, etc. It has been ascertained that the sensory quality is favourably affected by the addition of the lower concentration of both enzymes: transglutaminase, 4.5 mg/300 g flour and fermizyme, 15 mg/300 g flour in comparison to the control without enzymes. The cambering ratio values and other sensory profile parameters of pastry gradually decreased during the freezer storage of dough. The best sensory evaluation of both kinds of pastry was achieved after a one-day storage of doughs.
|
['Amylases', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry, Physical', 'Color', 'Cooking', 'Endopeptidases', 'Flour', 'Food Handling', 'Food Preservation', 'Food Technology', 'Food-Processing Industry', 'Glycoside Hydrolases', 'Humans', 'Odorants', 'Taste', 'Time Factors', 'Transglutaminases']
| 12,866,618
|
[['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['G02'], ['H01.181.529'], ['G01.590.540.199'], ['J01.576.423.200.200'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['G07.203.300.484', 'J02.500.484'], ['J01.576.423.200'], ['J01.576.423.850.700'], ['J01.576.423.850'], ['J01.576.423.200.400'], ['D08.811.277.450'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G16.500.275.640', 'N06.230.480'], ['F02.830.816.724', 'G11.561.790.724'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D08.811.913.050.200.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Antitumor effect of TAT-oxygen-dependent degradation-caspase-3 fusion protein specifically stabilized and activated in hypoxic tumor cells.
|
Human solid tumors contain hypoxic regions that have considerably lower oxygen tension than normal tissues. These impart resistance to radiotherapy and anticancer chemotherapy, as well as predisposing to increased tumor metastases. To develop a potentially therapeutic protein drug highly specific for solid tumors, we constructed fusion proteins selectively stabilized in hypoxic tumor cells. A model fusion protein, oxygen-dependent degradation (ODD)-beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal), composed of a part of the ODD domain of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha fused to beta-Gal, showed increased stability in cultured cells under a hypoxia-mimic condition. When ODD-beta-Gal was further fused to the HIV-TAT protein transduction domain (TAT(47-57)) and i.p. injected to a tumor-bearing mouse, the biologically active fusion protein was specifically stabilized in solid tumors but was hardly detected in the normal tissue. Furthermore, when wild-type (WT) caspase-3 (Casp3(WT)) or its catalytically inactive mutant was fused to TAT-ODD and i.p. injected to a tumor-bearing mouse, the size of tumors was reduced by the administration of TAT-ODD-Casp3(WT) but not by TAT-ODD-mutant Casp3. TAT-ODD-Casp3(WT) did not cause any obvious side effects on tumor-bearing mice, suggesting specific stabilization and activation of the fusion protein in the hypoxic tumor cells. These results suggest that the combination of protein therapy using a cytotoxic TAT-ODD fusion protein with radiotherapy and chemotherapy may provide a new strategy for annihilating solid tumors.
|
['3T3 Cells', 'Adenocarcinoma', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Caspase 3', 'Caspases', 'Cell Hypoxia', 'Gene Products, tat', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Mice', 'Mice, Nude', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Oxygen', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Transcription Factors', 'Tumor Cells, Cultured', 'Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays', 'beta-Galactosidase']
| 11,929,818
|
[['A11.251.210.100', 'A11.329.228.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126.350.300', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126.350.300', 'D12.644.360.075.405.350.300', 'D12.776.476.075.405.350.300'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['G03.197.300', 'G04.270.300'], ['D12.776.260.755.199', 'D12.776.930.900.199', 'D12.776.964.900.750.750', 'D12.776.964.925.984.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.260.103.625.750', 'D12.776.930.125.625.750'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['D12.776.930'], ['A11.251.860'], ['E05.337.550.200.900', 'E05.624.850'], ['D08.811.277.450.410.100']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Continued expansion of aortic necks after endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms. EVT Investigators. EndoVascular Technologies, Inc.
|
BACKGROUND: Longitudinal studies have revealed that the aortic segment proximal to an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is at risk for continued enlargement after a standard aneurysm repair. Similarly, preliminary reports have shown expansion of one or both aortic necks after endovascular repair. Although some investigators have suggested that this may be a transient effect, continued dilatation at the endograft attachment site could effect the overall device stability.METHODS: As part of a multi-institutional trial of endovascular grafting for the treatment of AAA, 59 patients were successfully implanted with straight endografts between February 1993 and January 1995. A morphometric analysis of aortic neck size was undertaken with serial review of computed tomography scans available through April 1997. The neck sizes at both graft attachment sites were measured, with investigators blinded to patient identity and date of scan. Changes in minor diameter were defined, annual interval expansion rates were calculated, and the data were correlated with endoleak, device migration, aneurysm size change, endograft diameter, attachment system fractures, and initial preimplant neck size.RESULTS: Significant aortic neck enlargement, particularly at the level of the distal neck, was observed for at least 24 months after AAA repair. The annual interval dilation rates of the proximal aortic neck were 0.7 +/- 2.1 mm/year (P = .023) and 0.9 +/- 1.9 (P = .008) mm/year during the first and second years, respectively. Enlargement of the distal neck during the observation period was more marked, with corresponding annual expansion rates of 1.7 +/- 2.9 mm/year (P < .001) and 1.9 +/- 2.5 (P < .001) mm/year. In 5 patients (14%), the minor diameter of the distal neck was at least 6 mm larger than the preimplant diameter of the graft. Migration of the distal attachment system was observed in 3 of these 5 patients. Expansion rates did not have a statistically significant correlation with initial neck size, endograft dimensions, aneurysm size change, presence of endoleak, or attachment system fracture.CONCLUSIONS: Aortic neck enlargement was observed for at least 2 years after endovascular grafting. Close patient follow-up remains mandatory in lieu of the potential risk of late failure as a result of continued aortic expansion. The relative contribution of device design to this phenomenon will need to be defined.
|
['Aged', 'Aorta, Abdominal', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Dilatation, Pathologic', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Reoperation', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed']
| 9,737,451
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114.056.205'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['C23.300.325'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E04.690'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Born captive: A survey of the lion breeding, keeping and hunting industries in South Africa.
|
Commercial captive breeding and trade in body parts of threatened wild carnivores is an issue of significant concern to conservation scientists and policy-makers. Following a 2016 decision by Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, South Africa must establish an annual export quota for lion skeletons from captive sources, such that threats to wild lions are mitigated. As input to the quota-setting process, South Africa's Scientific Authority initiated interdisciplinary collaborative research on the captive lion industry and its potential links to wild lion conservation. A National Captive Lion Survey was conducted as one of the inputs to this research; the survey was launched in August 2017 and completed in May 2018. The structured semi-quantitative questionnaire elicited 117 usable responses, representing a substantial proportion of the industry. The survey results clearly illustrate the impact of a USA suspension on trophy imports from captive-bred South African lions, which affected 82% of respondents and economically destabilised the industry. Respondents are adapting in various ways, with many euthanizing lions and becoming increasingly reliant on income from skeleton export sales. With rising consumer demand for lion body parts, notably skulls, the export quota presents a further challenge to the industry, regulators and conservationists alike, with 52% of respondents indicating they would adapt by seeking 'alternative markets' for lion bones if the export quota allocation restricted their business. Recognizing that trade policy toward large carnivores represents a 'wicked problem', we anticipate that these results will inform future deliberations, which must nonetheless also be informed by challenging inclusive engagements with all relevant stakeholders.
|
['Animals', 'Animals, Wild', 'Breeding', 'Commerce', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Endangered Species', 'Female', 'Industry', 'Internationality', 'Lions', 'Male', 'Population Density', 'Pregnancy', 'South Africa', 'Sports', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 31,136,596
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.300'], ['E05.820.150', 'G05.090'], ['J01.219'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['B01.050.050.565', 'G16.500.275.157.049.250', 'N06.230.080.200', 'N06.230.124.049.250'], ['J01.576'], ['I01.615'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.377.750.600.500'], ['N01.224.600', 'N06.850.505.400.600'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['Z01.058.290.175.735'], ['I03.450.642.845'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Expression of á-crystallin in the retina of human sympathetic ophthalmia.
|
Sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) is a bilateral, granulomatous, intraocular inflammation that occurs following a penetrating injury to one eye, and has the potential to cause blindness of both eyes. The aim of this study was to examine the expression of á-crystallin and to detect apoptotic cells in the retina of human eyes with SO. Five globes, including three with SO and two age-matched normal appearing retinae, were examined. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were submitted to hematoxylin and eosin staining and immuno-histochemistry with anti-áA and áB-crystallin antibodies. Apoptotic cells were detected using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method, and double-staining immunohistochemistry was conducted together with the TUNEL reaction. In normal-appearing retina, áA-crystallin immunoreactivity was predominantly detected in the cytoplasm of photoreceptors, where áB-crystallin was less marked. In SO globes, granulomatous inflammation was noted in the choroid, whereas the retina and choriocapillaris were preserved. Immunoreactivity for áA-crystallin was detected in the retina, as well as in the cytoplasm and inner/outer photoreceptor segments. By contrast, áB-crystallin was weakly noted in the SO retina. Double-staining immuno-histochemistry revealed no TUNEL-positive photoreceptors in the retina displaying high immunoreactivity for áA-crystallin, but photoreceptor apoptosis was noted where expression of áA-crystallin was relatively low. The present study demonstrated that áA-crystallin was up-regulated in the cytoplasm of photoreceptors in the SO retina. This may play a protective role in the suppression of photoreceptor apoptosis associated with intraocular inflammation.
|
['Apoptosis', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Nick-End Labeling', 'Ophthalmia, Sympathetic', 'Photoreceptor Cells', 'Retina', 'alpha-Crystallin A Chain', 'alpha-Crystallin B Chain', 'alpha-Crystallins']
| 22,052,021
|
[['G04.146.954.035'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E05.393.475'], ['C11.941.879.780.500', 'C20.111.709'], ['A08.675.650.850.625', 'A08.675.650.915.937', 'A08.800.950.937', 'A09.371.729.831.625', 'A11.671.650.850.625', 'A11.671.650.915.937'], ['A09.371.729'], ['D12.776.306.366.100.149', 'D12.776.580.157.149'], ['D12.776.306.366.100.300', 'D12.776.580.157.300'], ['D12.776.306.366.100', 'D12.776.580.157']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Procedural risks versus theology: chorionic villus sampling for Orthodox Jews at less than 8 weeks' gestation.
|
OBJECTIVE: According to Orthodox Jewish law, abortion is only permitted before 40 days post conception. This evaluation was performed to determine the feasibility and safety of performing chorionic villus sampling (CVS) at 7 to 8 weeks' gestation so that genetic results would be useful for these patients.STUDY DESIGN: We evaluated a sequential series of 82 Orthodox Jewish patients who chose CVS at <63 days' gestation. Outcome measures included procedure success rates, laboratory success rates, pregnancy outcomes, and complications.RESULTS: CVS was successful in all cases. Ninety-one percent were performed transcervically, with 30% requiring 2 or more insertions. Abnormal results were found in 16 (20%). Of 61 cases with normal genetic and ultrasound results, spontaneous losses at less than 28 weeks occurred in 3 (5%). These rates are higher than the 2.3% loss rate and the 1.2% multiple insertion rate seen at our center when sampling is performed at the usual gestational ages of 10 to 12 weeks. One baby had a severe limb reduction defect (1.6%).CONCLUSION: In very experienced hands, CVS can be safely and reliably performed at very early gestational ages. The ability to obtain an early diagnosis may be associated with increased but acceptable complication rates, including a 1% to 2% risk of limb reduction defects. There are patients for whom the usual paradigms do not suffice, and obtaining an early disgnosis provides them the opportunity to trade increased risks for reproductive choice. The ethical issues are complex, but such decisions can be supported by extensive and detailed informed consent.
|
['Abortion, Spontaneous', 'Chorionic Villi Sampling', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Judaism', 'Limb Deformities, Congenital', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Outcome', 'Pregnancy Trimester, First', 'Risk Assessment']
| 12,066,086
|
[['C13.703.039', 'G08.686.784.769.496.125'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100.149', 'E01.370.225.998.054.149', 'E01.370.378.630.150', 'E01.370.388.100.150', 'E04.074.149', 'E05.200.500.384.100.149', 'E05.200.998.054.149', 'E05.242.384.100.149'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['K01.844.385'], ['C05.660.585', 'C16.131.621.585'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['E01.789.700', 'G08.686.784.769.496'], ['G08.686.707.408'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
IgG4-Aortopathy: An Underappreciated Cause of Non-Infectious Thoracic Aortitis.
|
IgG4 related thoracic aortitis is a recent addition to the differential diagnosis for inflammatory aortic disease - a condition which is often underappreciated until complications arise such as aneurysmal formation or aortic dissection. Currently, IgG4 aortitis remains a post-surgical diagnosis reliant on positive immunohistochemistry findings. Management is guided by the extent of disease involvement, which can be gauged by serum IgG4 levels and radiological findings. Options include surgical resection, corticosteroid therapy and steroid-sparing agents to prevent relapses.
|
['Adrenal Cortex Hormones', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic', 'Aortic Rupture', 'Aortitis', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Middle Aged']
| 28,511,923
|
[['D06.472.040'], ['C14.907.055.239.125', 'C14.907.109.139.125'], ['C14.907.055.185.125', 'C14.907.055.239.175', 'C14.907.109.139.175', 'C26.761.125'], ['C14.907.109.320', 'C14.907.940.080'], ['C20.111'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['M01.060.116.630']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Are Doctors familiar with enteral nutrition at home? Opinion poll in the province of Tarragona].
|
At our hospital, there is an At-Home Enteral Nutrition programme (NED in its Spanish acronym) with participation of the Clinical Nutrition Unit and the Pharmacy Service. The products and all necessary material are dispensed directly to the patient's home and nutritional follow-up is carried out. As a lack of information on various aspects of NED was detected among prescribing doctors, we decided to carry out a survey to assess the level of awareness and the opinion of doctors in the province of Tarragona with regard to NED. They were asked if they knew the indications and characteristics of the different enteral nutrition preparations, as well as their opinion on who should do the follow-up of the patients and on how dispensation should be organized. With the results obtained, we conclude that doctors rarely prescribe NED and are not familiar with the indications nor with enteral nutrition preparations (77.5% and 89%, respectively), although they are interested in the subject. They feel that dispensation should be done directly at the patient's home (43%) and that follow-up should be through a specialized team (57.6%).
|
['Enteral Nutrition', 'Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice', 'Home Care Services', 'Humans', 'Spain', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 14,682,180
|
[['E02.421.360', 'E02.642.500.360'], ['F01.100.150.500', 'N05.300.150.410'], ['N02.421.143.524', 'N02.421.539.089'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['Z01.542.846'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Lung function abnormalities after acute bronchiolitis.
|
Measurements of thoracic gas volume, airways resistance, and total respiratory resistance were measured in a group of babies with acute severe bronchiolitis. Assessments were made at convalescence, three to four months later, and after 12 months. Clinical histories were also taken 12 months after the acute episode. Results at this time showed that 35% of the infants had coughing attacks, 50% episodes of wheezing, 50% had dry skin or eczema, and that over 75% had lung function abnormality.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Airway Resistance', 'Bronchiolitis, Viral', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Lung Diseases, Obstructive', 'Lung Volume Measurements']
| 7,229,787
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['C01.748.099.135.321', 'C01.925.109', 'C08.127.446.135.321', 'C08.381.495.146.135.321', 'C08.730.099.135.321'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C08.381.495'], ['E01.370.386.700.485']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
TRPV1 and TRPA1 channels in inflammatory pain: elucidating mechanisms.
|
Transient receptor potential (TRP) receptors are ion channels that mediate pain and inflammation. We provide evidence for the distinct roles of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in arthritis.
|
['Animals', 'Arthritis, Experimental', 'Disease Models, Animal', "Freund's Adjuvant", 'Humans', 'Inflammation', 'Mice', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Pain', 'TRPA1 Cation Channel', 'TRPV Cation Channels', 'Transient Receptor Potential Channels']
| 22,211,974
|
[['B01.050'], ['C05.550.114.015', 'E05.598.500.249'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D20.475'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.470'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.250', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901.250'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901.888'], ['D12.776.157.530.400.901', 'D12.776.543.585.400.901']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The influence of team experience on outcomes of endovascular stenting of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
|
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the experience of the specialist team was associated with adverse events following endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms.METHODS: The EUROSTAR database is a voluntary registry of 2863 patients admitted to 93 hospitals in Europe with an abdominal aortic aneurysm treated with endovascular stenting. Mortality, rupture and the need for secondary interventions were the main outcomes.RESULTS: In patients who underwent endovascular stenting by the most experienced specialist teams the mortality rate was 40% lower than in those treated by the least experienced teams (adjusted hazard ratio 0.60, 95% confidence interval: 0.4-1.0; p = 0.05). Also patients treated by the most experienced specialist teams were 68% less likely to have adverse events necessitating a secondary intervention than those treated by the least experienced teams (adjusted hazard ratio 0.32, 95% confidence interval: 0.2-0.5; p < 0.001). The crude rupture rate was 0.1% among patients treated by the most experienced specialist teams and 0.8% among those treated by the least experienced teams (p = 0.74).CONCLUSIONS: Specialist teams with a high level of experience of endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm stenting encounter lower mortality rates and fewer adverse events leading to secondary interventions.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal', 'Aortic Rupture', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation', 'Clinical Competence', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Outcome Assessment, Health Care', 'Patient Care Team', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stents', 'Survival Rate', 'Time Factors']
| 12,389,234
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.055.239.075', 'C14.907.109.139.075'], ['C14.907.055.185.125', 'C14.907.055.239.175', 'C14.907.109.139.175', 'C26.761.125'], ['E04.100.814.868.500', 'E04.650.200'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['H01.770.644.145.431', 'N04.761.559.590', 'N05.715.360.575.575'], ['N04.590.715'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E07.695.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Phase II study of a combination of S-1 and paclitaxel in patients with unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer.
|
OBJECTIVES: A phase II study of weekly paclitaxel combined with S-1, a novel oral fluoropyrimidine, was performed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability in unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine patients with unresectable and/or metastatic gastric cancer were enrolled in the study. Paclitaxel 50 mg/m(2) was administered on days 1 and 8. S-1 was administered orally at 40 mg/m(2) b.i.d. for 14 consecutive days, followed by a 1-week rest. The primary endpoint was the response rate. Secondary endpoints were safety and overall survival.RESULTS: The overall response rate in 29 patients was 48.3%, differentiated 36.4% and undifferentiated 55.6%. The median survival time was 13.9 months. Grade 3 or higher toxicity was observed in neutropenia (3.4%), diarrhea (3.4%), bilirubin (3.4%) and neuropathy (3.4%).CONCLUSIONS: Combination chemotherapy of weekly paclitaxel and S-1 demonstrated tolerable toxicity and efficacy. This regimen will be one of the initial treatment options for unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Drug Combinations', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxonic Acid', 'Paclitaxel', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tegafur', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 18,544,958
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D26.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.931.640'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.242.888.777', 'D02.455.849.291.850.777'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['D03.383.742.698.875.404.850'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
"Referred visual sensations": rapid perceptual elongation after visual cortical deprivation.
|
Visual perceptual distortion (i.e., elongation) has been demonstrated in a single case study after several months of cortical deprivation after a stroke. Here we asked whether similar perceptual elongation can be observed in healthy participants after deprivation and, crucially, how soon after deprivation this elongation occurs. To answer this question, we patched one eye, thus noninvasively and reversibly depriving bottom-up input to the region of primary visual cortex (V1) corresponding to the blind spot (BS) in the unpatched eye, and tested whether and how quickly elongation occurs after the onset of deprivation. Within seconds of eye patching, participants perceived rectangles adjacent to the BS to be elongated toward the BS. We attribute this perceptual elongation to rapid receptive field expansion within the deprived V1 as reported in electrophysiological studies after retinal lesions and refer to it as "referred visual sensations" (RVS). This RVS is too fast to be the result of structural changes in the cortex (e.g., the growth of new connections), instead implicating unmasking of preexisting connections as the underlying neural mechanism. These findings may shed light on other reported perceptual distortions, as well as the phenomena of "filling-in."
|
['Adult', 'Dominance, Ocular', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Judgment', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Optic Disk', 'Pattern Recognition, Visual', 'Reaction Time', 'Sensory Deprivation', 'Time Factors', 'Visual Cortex', 'Visual Fields', 'Young Adult']
| 19,605,633
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G11.561.225.425.500', 'G14.264'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.785.626'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A08.800.800.120.680.660', 'A09.371.729.690'], ['F02.463.593.524.500', 'F02.463.593.932.622'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['F02.463.593.696'], ['G01.910.857'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['F02.463.593.932.934', 'G14.950'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
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