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Pediatric cutaneous angiosarcomas: a clinicopathologic study of 10 cases.
|
Cutaneous angiosarcomas are rare tumors, which predominantly arise in the sun-exposed skin of the head and neck of adult and elderly patients. Rarely, these tumors can be seen in children. We identified cutaneous angiosarcomas in 10 children and assessed clinical (patient age, tumor site, tumor size, and tumor focality) and histologic features including growth pattern (vasoformative vs. solid), mitotic rate (mitotic figures per 10 high power field), necrosis (present vs. absent), and cell shape (epithelioid vs. nonepithelioid). Tumors predominated in the lower extremities (6 of 10) of female patients (2 male and 8 female); age at diagnosis ranged from 1.5 months to 15 years. Four patients had preexisting conditions: congenital hemihypertrophy of the contralateral limb, the Aicardi syndrome, congenital lymphedema, and congenital hemangioma treated with radiation therapy. Tumors were located in the lower extremity (6), flank (1), elbow (1), and buccal mucosa (1), and ranged in size from 0.6 to 6.5 cm. Eight cases showed predominantly epithelioid morphology, 1 case showed mixed epithelioid and spindled morphology and 1 case was entirely spindled. Mitotic activity ranged from 1 to 55 mitotic figures per 10 high power field. Necrosis was seen in 5 cases. Clinical follow-up was obtained for 9 patients: 4 died of disease (range, 12 to 49 mo; mean, 25 mo) and 5 patients were alive without disease (18 mo to 28 y). Five patients had metastatic disease; sites of involvement included the lung, soft tissue, lymph node, pleura, liver, and bone. Cutaneous angiosarcomas in children are rare tumors, which are commonly associated with a preexisting condition, suggesting a greater role for genetics as opposed to environmental factors in the pathogenesis of these tumors.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Epithelioid Cells', 'Extremities', 'Female', 'Hemangiosarcoma', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Mitosis', 'Necrosis', 'Skin Neoplasms', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,164,289
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['A11.329.372.300', 'A11.627.482.300', 'A11.733.397.300', 'A15.382.670.522.300', 'A15.382.680.397.300'], ['A01.378'], ['C04.557.450.795.390', 'C04.557.645.390'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.703'], ['G04.144.220.220.781', 'G05.113.220.781'], ['C23.550.717'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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| 0
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| 1
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|
AZGP-1 immunohistochemical marker in prostate cancer: potential predictive marker of biochemical recurrence in post radical prostatectomy specimens.
|
One of the major challenges in prostate cancer research is to identify prognostic/predictive factors to distinguish aggressive disease from indolent one. To select prognostic/predictive markers of postoperative biochemical recurrence (BCR) that could be easily performed in daily pathology practice, the expression of 6 immunohistochemical markers including zinc-á-2-glycoprotein (AZGP-1), hCAP-D3, mucin 1, vimentin, E-cadherin, and ERG was assessed in a tissue microarray of 400 radical prostatectomy specimens. The expression levels were correlated with clinicopathologic factors and BCR. During the median follow-up period of 55 months, BCR occurred in 70 cases (17.5%). Low expression of AZGP-1 was noted in 76 cases (19.0%), whereas high expression of hCAP-D3, mucin 1, vimentin, and ERG was observed in 205 (51.3%), 81 (20.3%), 33 (8.3%), and 58 (14.5%) cases, respectively. Aberrant E-cadherin expression was noted in 29 cases (7.3%). By univariate analysis, BCR was associated with low expression of AZGP-1, high expression of hCAP-D3, and aberrant expression of E-cadherin. By multivariate analysis, only AZGP-1 remained an independent immunohistochemical factor, in addition to age, preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen level, Gleason score, tumor stage, and resection margin status. These results show that AZGP-1, hCAP-D3, and E-cadherin are potentially useful immunohistochemical markers to predict BCR, and that AZGP-1 can be used as an independent prognostic marker of aggressive prostate cancer.
|
['Adipokines', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Cadherins', 'Carrier Proteins', 'Glycoproteins', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Mucin-1', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Prostatectomy', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Trans-Activators', 'Transcriptional Regulator ERG', 'Vimentin']
| 24,508,823
|
[['D06.472.699.042', 'D12.644.276.024', 'D12.644.548.011', 'D12.776.467.024', 'D23.529.024'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.200', 'D12.776.543.550.200.200', 'D23.050.301.350.200'], ['D12.776.157'], ['D09.400.430', 'D12.776.395'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D12.776.395.550.560', 'D12.776.395.560.631.115', 'D12.776.543.550.530', 'D23.050.285.050.300', 'D23.050.550.325.300', 'D23.101.140.075.300'], ['D12.776.624'], ['E04.950.774.860.625'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D12.776.260.755', 'D12.776.930.900', 'D12.776.964.925.984'], ['D12.776.260.755.100', 'D12.776.930.900.625'], ['D05.750.078.593.900', 'D12.776.220.475.900']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Alteration of sensitivity of intratumor quiescent and total cells to gamma-rays following thermal neutron irradiation with or without 10B-compound.
|
PURPOSE: Changes in the sensitivity of intratumor quiescent (Q) and total cells to gamma-rays following thermal neutron irradiation with or without 10B-compound were examined.METHODS AND MATERIALS: 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) was injected to SCC VII tumor-bearing mice intraperitoneally 10 times to label all the proliferating (P) tumor cells. As priming irradiation, thermal neutrons alone or thermal neutrons with 10B-labeled sodium borocaptate (BSH) or dl-p-boronophenylalanine (BPA) were administered. The tumor-bearing mice then received a series of gamma-ray radiation doses, 0 through 24 h after the priming irradiation. During this period, no BrdU was administered. Immediately after the second irradiation, the tumors were excised, minced, and trypsinized. Following incubation of tumor cells with cytokinesis blocker, the micronucleus (MN) frequency in cells without BrdU labeling (= Q cells at the time of priming irradiation) was determined using immunofluorescence staining for BrdU. The MN frequency in the total (P + Q) tumor cells was determined from the tumors that were not pretreated with BrdU before the priming irradiation. To determine the BrdU-labeled cell ratios in the tumors at the time of the second irradiation, each group also included mice that were continuously administered BrdU until just before the second irradiation using mini-osmotic pumps which had been implanted subcutaneously 5 days before the priming irradiation.RESULTS: In total cells, during the interval between the two irradiations, the tumor sensitivity to gamma-rays relative to that immediately after priming irradiation decreased with the priming irradiation ranking in the following order: thermal neutrons only > thermal neutrons with BSH > thermal neutrons with BPA. In contrast, in Q cells, during that time the sensitivity increased in the following order: thermal neutrons only < thermal neutrons with BSH < thermal neutrons with BPA. The longer the interval between the two irradiations, the higher was the BrdU-labeled cell ratio at the second irradiation. The labeled cell ratio at the same time point after each priming irradiation increased in the following order: thermal neutrons only < thermal neutrons with BSH < thermal neutrons with BPA.CONCLUSION: These findings indicated that the use of 10B-compound, especially BPA, in thermal neutron irradiation causes the recruitment from the Q to P population.
|
['Animals', 'Boron Neutron Capture Therapy', 'Bromodeoxyuridine', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Cell Division', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation', 'Female', 'Gamma Rays', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C3H', 'Micronucleus Tests', 'Neoplasms, Experimental', 'Radiation Tolerance', 'Radiation-Sensitizing Agents', 'Radiobiology']
| 10,701,745
|
[['B01.050'], ['E02.815.722.500.100'], ['D03.383.742.680.852.300.150', 'D13.570.230.430.196', 'D13.570.685.852.300.150'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['G04.144.220', 'G04.161.750.500', 'G05.113', 'G07.345.249.410.750.500'], ['E05.799.513.500', 'G01.750.740.500', 'G04.712.500', 'G07.225', 'G07.738.500', 'N06.850.810.250.180'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.388', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.388'], ['E05.393.560.598'], ['C04.619', 'E05.598.500.496'], ['G04.712', 'G07.738'], ['D27.505.954.600'], ['H01.158.273.789']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of the state of body fluids in anuric hyperglycemic humans.
|
Based on mathematical analysis, a method computing deviations from normal in body weight, water and sodium, and requiring only presenting body weight and hyperglycemic and euglycemic plasma glucose and sodium concentrations in anuria was developed. Data from 18 hyperglycemic episodes (12 anuric patients) treated with insulin alone were analyzed by this method and were compared to clinical estimates. When normal body water and extracellular volume were assumed to be 0.579 and 0.213 of dry weight, respectively, deviations of presenting weight from dry weight (in kg) were as follows (x = clinical estimate, y = new method estimate): x: -2.5 to +17.2 (+4.6 +/- 5.1, SD); y: -4.1 to +16.7 (+4.2 +/- 5.4, NS); y = -0.4 + 1.0008x, r = 0.96 (p less than 0.01). Similar comparisons were obtained for deviation of body sodium from normal and for euglycemic extracellular volume. Estimates by the two methods agreed when normal body water was assumed to vary between 0.525 and 0.625 of dry weight and when normal extracellular volume was assumed to vary between 0.31 and 0.40 of normal body water.
|
['Anuria', 'Blood Glucose', 'Body Fluids', 'Body Water', 'Extracellular Space', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Intracellular Fluid', 'Osmolar Concentration']
| 3,696,091
|
[['C12.777.419.078', 'C12.777.934.141', 'C13.351.968.419.078', 'C13.351.968.934.070'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['A12.207'], ['A12.207.200'], ['A10.082.500', 'A11.284.295'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['A11.284.430.429', 'A11.284.835.450', 'A12.207.515'], ['G02.640']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The deep inferior epigastric artery free skin flap: anatomic study and clinical application.
|
We carried out an anatomic study to create the efficient surgical technique of elevating the inferior epigastric artery free skin flap. The deep inferior epigastric artery bifurcates into the lateral and medial branches. The former usually is larger in diameter and has many skin perforators slightly lateral to the midline of musculature. When a vascular pedicle skin flap is lifted without attaching the rectus abdominis muscle or its anterior sheath, it seems more efficient if the flap uses the skin perforator belonging to the lateral branch. This is so because entry of the inferior epigastric artery is from the lateral side of the rectus abdominis muscle and the lateral branch runs slightly lateral to the midline of the musculature and parallel to the run of the muscular fibers. This would be easier technically and would minimize the damage to the muscle when detaching the lateral branch.
|
['Abdominal Muscles', 'Adult', 'Arteries', 'Child', 'Dermatologic Surgical Procedures', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Skin', 'Surgical Flaps']
| 8,460,189
|
[['A02.633.567.050'], ['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E04.680.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A17.815'], ['A10.850.710', 'E07.862.710']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Correlation of apparent molecular weight and antigenicity of viral proteins: an SDS-page separation followed by acrylamide-agarose electrophoresis and immunoprecipitation.
|
A simple method is described which combines a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SOS-PAGE) in the first demension with a second electrophoresis, at right angles to the first, into an agarose matrix. The proteins, separated by SDS-PAGE, are exposed to appropriate antisera after the second stage electrophoresis and immunoprecipitates form in the agarose corresponding to the relative electrophoretic mobilities of proteins in the first stage SDS-PAGE separation. The method thus provides a simple, reproducible means for correlating antigenicity with apparent molecular weight of proteins. The technique is qualtitative, but requires smaller quantities of antisera than more conventional immunoelectrophoretic methods such as rocket electrophoresis.
|
['Antigens, Viral', 'Avian Myeloblastosis Virus', 'Avian Sarcoma Viruses', 'Chemical Precipitation', 'Electrophoresis, Agar Gel', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Friend murine leukemia virus', 'Immunologic Techniques', 'Molecular Weight', 'Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate', 'Viral Proteins']
| 190,321
|
[['D23.050.327'], ['B04.613.807.070.110', 'B04.820.650.070.110'], ['B04.613.807.070.120', 'B04.820.650.070.120'], ['E05.196.150', 'G02.159'], ['E05.196.401.153', 'E05.301.300.100'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B04.613.807.375.525.225', 'B04.820.650.375.525.225'], ['E05.478'], ['G02.494'], ['D02.033.415.220.720', 'D02.886.645.600.055.050.632', 'D10.289.220.720'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nitric oxide accelerates seed germination in warm-season grasses.
|
The nitric oxide (NO) donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) significantly promoted germination of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L. cv Kanlow) in the light and in the dark at 25 degrees C, across a broad range of concentrations. SNP also promoted seed germination in two other warm-season grasses. A chemical scavenger of NO inhibited germination and blocked SNP stimulation of seed germination. The phenolic (+)-catechin acted synergistically with SNP and nitrite in promoting seed germination. Acidified nitrite, an alternate NO donor also significantly stimulated seed germination. Interestingly, sodium cyanide, potassium ferricyanide and potassium ferrocyanide at 200 microM strongly enhanced seed germination as well, whereas potassium chloride was without effect. Ferrocyanide and cyanide stimulation of seed germination was blocked by an NO scavenger. Incubation of seeds with a fluorescent NO-specific probe provided evidence for NO production in germinating switchgrass seeds. Abscisic acid (ABA) at 10 microM depressed germination, inhibited root elongation and essentially abolished coleoptile emergence. SNP partially overcame ABA effects on radicle emergence but did not overcome the effects of ABA on coleoptile elongation. Light microscopy indicated extension of the radicle and coleoptiles in seeds maintained on water or on SNP after 2 days. In contrast, there was minimal growth of the radicle and coleoptile in ABA-treated seeds even after 3-4 days. These data indicate that seed germination of warm-season grasses is significantly influenced by NO signaling pathways and document that NO could be an endogenous trigger for release from dormancy in these species.
|
['Abscisic Acid', 'Catechin', 'Cotyledon', 'Cyclic N-Oxides', 'Ferricyanides', 'Ferrocyanides', 'Free Radical Scavengers', 'Germination', 'Imidazoles', 'Light', 'Nitric Oxide', 'Nitric Oxide Donors', 'Nitrites', 'Nitroprusside', 'Panicum', 'Poaceae', 'Seasons', 'Seeds', 'Temperature']
| 16,369,800
|
[['D02.241.223.268.034', 'D02.455.326.271.665.202.061', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.379.249.024', 'D02.455.849.131.061', 'D02.455.849.765.521.500'], ['D03.383.663.283.240.190', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.206', 'D03.633.100.150.240.190', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.206'], ['A18.024.500.750.333', 'A18.024.875.500'], ['D03.661.243'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350', 'D01.490.100.300', 'D01.625.400.100.325'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.370', 'D01.490.200.250', 'D01.625.400.100.350'], ['D27.505.519.217.500'], ['G07.345.625.249', 'G15.357'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['G01.358.500.505.650', 'G01.590.540', 'G01.750.250.650', 'G01.750.770.578'], ['D01.339.387', 'D01.625.550.500', 'D01.625.700.500', 'D01.650.550.587.600'], ['D27.505.519.656', 'D27.505.954.411.590'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D01.248.497.158.291.350.550', 'D01.490.100.300.550', 'D01.625.400.100.325.550'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.680'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['A18.024.500.750', 'G07.203.300.775', 'J02.500.775'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Blood lactate thresholds and walking/running economy are determinants of backpack-running performance in trained soldiers.
|
We developed a standardized laboratory treadmill protocol for assessing physiological responses to a simulated backpack load-carriage task in trained soldiers, and assessed the efficacy of blood lactate thresholds (LTs) and economy in predicting future backpack running success over an 8-mile course in field conditions. LTs and corresponding physiological responses were determined in 17 elite British soldiers who completed an incremental treadmill walk/run protocol to exhaustion carrying 20 kg backpack load. Treadmill velocity at the breakpoint (r = -0.85) and Ä 1 mmol l(-1) (r = -0.80) LTs, and relative V?O2 at 4 mmol l(-1) (r = 0.76) and treadmill walk/run velocities of 6.4 (r = 0.76), 7.4 (r = 0.80), 11.4 (r = 0.66) and 12.4 (r = 0.65) km h(-1) were significantly associated with field test completion time. We report for the first time that LTs and backpack walk/run economy are major determinants of backpack load-carriage performance in trained soldiers.
|
['Adult', 'Anaerobic Threshold', 'Exercise Test', 'Humans', 'Lactic Acid', 'Male', 'Military Personnel', 'Physical Exertion', 'Running', 'United Kingdom', 'Walking', 'Weight-Bearing', 'Young Adult']
| 27,154,276
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['G03.680.110', 'G11.427.680.134'], ['E01.370.370.380.250', 'E01.370.386.700.250', 'E05.333.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['M01.526.625'], ['G11.427.683'], ['G11.427.410.568.610', 'G11.427.410.698.277.750', 'I03.350.750', 'I03.450.642.845.610'], ['Z01.542.363'], ['G11.427.410.568.900', 'G11.427.410.698.277.937', 'I03.350.937', 'I03.450.642.845.940'], ['G01.374.965'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Experimental verification of effectiveness and harmlessness of the Qigong maneuver.
|
A series of experiments involving the Qigong (Q-G) maneuver were conducted after our preliminary studies in 1986. Eighteen active fighter pilots served as subjects. After mastery of the Q-G maneuver in 5-7 sessions of training, tests at +1 Gz further verified that the blood pressure raising effect of this maneuver has the characteristics of rapid rising, minimal fluctuation and being readily maintained. The 18 subjects then underwent centrifuge tests. The tolerance to Rapid Onset Rate (ROR) (1 G/s) G-load in a relaxed, unprotected condition was 3.82 G on average; performing the Q-G maneuver, the tolerance rose to 6.64 G, an improvement of 2.82 G. One to two days later, 5 subjects with anti-G suits on and performing the Q-G maneuver tolerated 7.80 G on average (ROR 1 G/s), a gain of 3.95 G. Another 9 subjects performing the Q-G maneuver endured high sustained G (HSG) (ROR 3 G/s) of 6.5 G for 74.4 s on average (max 96 s) and 3 subjects endured HSG of 7.0 G for 57 s on average (max 82 s). During centrifuge tests, recorded physiological values showed good tolerance of the subjects; the respiratory pattern was basically different from that of M-1 or L-1 maneuvers. In further testing the harmlessness of the Q-G maneuver, gas metabolism, ear lobe oximetry and 8-channel EEG were carried out on these subjects. All these indices plus close monitoring during centrifuge tests proved that the Q-G maneuver does not lead to hypoxia or hyperventilation. It has been shown that the Q-G maneuver is an innovative G-protective maneuver that is remarkably effective, theoretically interesting, reliable, and practical. Its mechanism warrants investigation.
|
['Adult', 'Aerospace Medicine', 'Blood Pressure', 'Breathing Exercises', 'Electroencephalography', 'Gravitation', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hyperventilation', 'Male', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Oxygen Consumption', 'Physical Endurance', 'Reference Values', 'Respiration']
| 1,996,931
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['H02.403.029'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E02.190.525.186', 'E02.779.474.124'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G01.060.350'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.618.501', 'C23.888.852.591'], ['G11.427.494'], ['G03.680'], ['G11.427.680', 'I03.450.642.845.054.600'], ['E05.978.810'], ['G09.772.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Expression and hypoxic regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in esophageal carcinoma].
|
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the the expression and hypoxic regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase-9.METHODS: VEGF mRNA and MMP-9 mRNA were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 43 esophageal carcinoma specimens including 18 para-tumorous esophageal tissues. The expression of VEGF protein and mean microvessel density (MVD) in 56 specimens were examined by immunohistochemical stain. The effect of hypoxia on VEGF and MMP-9 expression in esophageal cancer cell lines was quantitatively determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: The VEGF expression in the tumorous tissue, being significantly correlated with MVD in the tumor, was remarkably higher than that in the para-tumorous tissue. VEGF and MVD expression in the tumor was significantly associated with stage and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma. The MMP-9 expression in the tumorous tissue, being uncorrelated with vessel count and clinicopathologic features in esophageal carcinoma, was significantly higher than that in the para-tumorous tissue. Hypoxia significantly increased the VEGF expression in esophageal cancer cell lines but did not affect the MMP-9 expression.CONCLUSIONS: The expression of VEGF plays an important role in the angiogenesis and metastasis of esophageal cancer, which is regulated by hypoxia. VEGF may serve as a predictor of progression in esophageal carcinoma and a potential target for antiangiogenic therapy of esophageal carcinoma.
|
['Endothelial Growth Factors', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Female', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Humans', 'Hypoxia', 'Lymphokines', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 9', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxygen', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors']
| 11,977,637
|
[['D12.644.276.390', 'D12.776.467.390', 'D23.529.390'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['G05.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.888.852.079'], ['D12.644.276.374.480', 'D12.776.467.374.480', 'D23.529.374.480'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.350', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.205.360', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.252.445', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.350', 'D12.644.276.848.350', 'D12.776.467.836.350'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['D12.644.276.100.800', 'D12.776.467.100.800', 'D23.529.100.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Improved FcãRIIb targeting functionally translates into enhanced inhibition of basophil activation.
|
BACKGROUND: Mast cells and basophils express the high-affinity IgE receptor, FcåRI, as well as the low-affinity IgG receptor, FcãRIIb. While FcåRI is responsible for IgE-dependent degranulation upon coaggregation with allergens, FcãRIIb has been shown to downregulate degranulation through cross-linking with FcåRI. A previously developed fusion protein consisting of an anti-IgE DARPin linked to the human IgG1-Fc part (DE53-Fc) has been shown to simultaneously target FcåRI and FcãRIIb with low affinity and to thereby prevent basophil activation. The affinity of a ligand for its receptor is known to be critical for the functional consequences of the binding. So we generated two mutated DE53-Fc molecules with either an improved (DE53-Fc mut+) or a reduced (DE53-Fc mut-) binding to FcãRIIb and assessed their potential to inhibit IgE-dependent basophil activation.METHODS: DE53-Fc was modified by introducing single site-directed point mutations in the Fc part. The mutated constructs were used to assess kinetic parameters as well as the inhibitory capacity on basophil activation and the production of leukotriene C4 (LTC4) and IL-13.RESULTS: DE53-Fc mut+ showed increased affinity for FcãRIIb as well as an enhanced potential to inhibit IgG1 binding to FcãRIIb, resulting in improved efficacy in functional assays. Furthermore, DE53-Fc mut+ decreased de novo-synthesized LTC4 as well as the cytokine IL-13, suggesting that it might be an inhibitor of the allergic late-phase reaction.CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that improved binding to FcãRIIb at constant low-affinity binding to IgE leads to more efficient coaggregation of FcåRI-FcãRIIb and results in the enhanced inhibition of basophil activation.
|
['Antibody Affinity', 'Basophils', 'Cell Degranulation', 'Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin E', 'Receptors, IgE', 'Receptors, IgG', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins']
| 24,557,487
|
[['G12.040', 'G12.122.125'], ['A11.118.637.415.120', 'A11.627.340.120', 'A15.145.229.637.415.120', 'A15.382.490.315.120'], ['G04.468.160'], ['E05.478.566.350.170', 'E05.478.566.380.360', 'E05.478.583.400.170', 'E05.601.470.350.170', 'E05.601.470.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.312', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.312', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.312'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.280'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.871.300'], ['D12.776.828.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
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The appreciation of affect in alcoholic Korsakoff patients.
|
The purpose of this study is to assess the appreciation of affective components of words in patients with insult to diencephalic and subcortical brain structures thought to subserve emotional expression. Six alcoholic Korsakoff patients were presented with triadic comparisons composed of names of birds, predators, and birds of prey. The principal findings revealed that normal control subjects associate birds of prey with both birds and predators, but Korsakoff patients associate the birds of prey significantly more often with birds than predators. Three-dimensional spatial representations of patients' associations revealed that normals cluster birds at one extreme of a dimension and predators at the other extreme, with birds of prey lying in an intermediate position. Korsakoff patients also clearly separate the birds from the predators and form tight clusters within each of these groups, but they associate the birds of prey noticeably with the birds. Moreover, Korsakoff patients displayed, on another dimension of the spatial representation, their difficulty appreciating that a word could possess multiple category memberships. The findings are discussed with respect to the multifaceted dementia seen in Korsakoff Syndrome, and are interpreted to provide guarded support for the claim that insult to particular diencephalic and subcortical brain structures interferes with the appreciation of affective material in particular circumstances.
|
['Adult', 'Affect', 'Alcohol Amnestic Disorder', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Word Association Tests']
| 3,744,704
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['F01.470.047'], ['C10.720.112.100', 'C25.723.705.150.100', 'C25.775.100.087.193.100', 'F03.900.100.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.647.905']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Surgical treatment of postop large size abdominal hernia in patients with obesity].
|
There were 140 patients with morbid obesity operated on for postoperative abdominal hernia. In 2 (1.4%) patients an acute cardiopulmonary insufficiency occurred, and in another 2 (1.4%) an acute thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities veins. Two patients died. The hernia recurrence have occurred in 3 (2.1%) patients operated according to Mayo method in terms from 1 to 5 years later.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Hernia, Ventral', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Retrospective Studies']
| 10,370,314
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.300.707.374.937'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Gestational exposure to persistent organic pollutants: maternal liver residues, pregnancy outcome, and effects on hepatic gene expression profiles in the dam and fetus.
|
Dietary exposure of Inuit people to a mixture of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, or persistent organic pollutants (POPs), during pregnancy is a public health concern. We examined the consequences of administering the mixture of 28 POPs found in the Inuit diet (at doses representing 10-1000 times dietary levels) by gavage to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats either during gestation days 0-19 or 8-19. The levels of individual components of the POPs mixture in the maternal liver were measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry. On gestation day 20, dams were sacrificed and pregnancy outcome determined. RNA isolated from maternal and fetal livers was 32P-labeled for gene expression profiling. The concentrations of individual POPs were increased in maternal livers of dams gavaged with the 1000x POPs mixture by 10- to 500-fold. While exposure to POPs had no significant effects on pregnancy outcome, dramatic changes were observed in the gene expression profiles of both the maternal and fetal livers. The gene expression profiles of maternal and fetal female and male liver were distinct with respect to the numbers of transcripts detected, the genes expressed exclusively in control or POPs-exposed livers, and those for which expression was up- or downregulated. While different genes were affected in each group, the overall consequence of POPs exposure on hepatic gene expression profiles was to decrease both the numbers of genes expressed and the relative intensity of expression. Thus, in utero exposure to POPs alters hepatic gene expression in the dam and the fetus; these changes may have functional implications.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Diet', 'Environmental Pollutants', 'Female', 'Fetus', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated', 'Insecticides', 'Inuits', 'Liver', 'Male', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy, Animal', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Rats']
| 12,655,031
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['G07.203.650.240'], ['D27.888.284'], ['A16.378'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308'], ['D02.455.526.439'], ['D27.720.031.700.491', 'D27.888.723.491'], ['M01.686.508.150.600.375.500', 'M01.686.508.150.675', 'M01.686.754.254.500.500'], ['A03.620'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G08.686.784.769.498'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Artificial intelligence models to predict acute phytotoxicity in petroleum contaminated soils.
|
Environment pollutants, especially those from total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), have a highly complex chemical, biological and physical impact on soils. Here we study this influence via modelling the TPH acute phytotoxicity effects on eleven samples of soils from Sakhalin island in greenhouse conditions. The soils were contaminated with crude oil in different doses ranging from the 3.0-100.0 g kg-1. Measuring the Hordeum vulgare root elongation, the crucial ecotoxicity parameter, we have estimated. We have also investigated the contrast effect in different soils. To predict TPH phytotoxicity different machine learning models were used, namely artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM). The models under discussion were proved to be valid using the mean absolute error method (MAE), the root mean square error method (RMSE), and the coefficient of determination (R2). We have shown that ANN and SVR can successfully predict barley response based on soil chemical properties (pH, LOI, N, P, K, clay, TPH). The best achieved accuracy was as following: MAE - 8.44, RMSE -11.05, and R2 -0.80.
|
['Artificial Intelligence', 'Hordeum', 'Hydrocarbons', 'Islands', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Neural Networks, Computer', 'Petroleum', 'Russia', 'Soil', 'Soil Microbiology', 'Soil Pollutants']
| 32,163,774
|
[['G17.035.250', 'L01.224.050.375'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.481'], ['D02.455'], ['G16.500.275.505', 'N06.230.295', 'Z01.639'], ['E05.599'], ['G17.485', 'L01.224.050.375.605'], ['D20.345.630', 'N06.230.132.258.630'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['H01.158.273.540.274.555', 'N06.850.425.300'], ['D27.888.284.756']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Role of proximal convoluted tubule in pressure diuresis in the rat.
|
The role of different nephron segments in the diuretic response to acute arterial hypertension was studied with tubular microperfusion. Early proximal convolutes were perfused with synthetic glomerular ultrafiltrate; fluid was collected from the last visible loop of the same proximal or from the first loop of the distal tubule. In late proximal collections, an increase of arterial pressure of 24 +/- 2 mmHg reduced reabsorption of tubular fluid 44 +/- 4%. Perfusate chloride concentration fell, but only 2 meq/liter, so that chloride reabsorption was inhibited in proportion to the inhibition of fluid reabsorptions, with a corresponding increase in chloride delivery to the loop of Henle. In early distal collections, there was no significant difference of the early distal flow rate with hypertension, but early distal chloride concentration increased 31 +/- 8% and chloride load increased 45 +/- 12%. Qualitatively similar increases were obtained from paired collections made from free-flowing early distal tubules. Inhibition of proximal fluid reabsorption is a primary response to acute hypertension and may contribute to pressure diuresis. In addition, this inhibition increases the strength of the luminal signal to the macula densa, enhancing the autoregulatory response to hypertension.
|
['Absorption', 'Animals', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Fluids', 'Chlorides', 'Diuresis', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Homeostasis', 'Hypertension', 'Kidney Tubules, Proximal', 'Male', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Renal Circulation']
| 3,740,275
|
[['G01.015', 'G02.010', 'G03.015', 'G03.787.024', 'G07.690.725.015'], ['B01.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A12.207'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['G08.852.179'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['G07.410'], ['C14.907.489'], ['A05.810.453.736.560.570'], ['G02.640'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G08.852.725', 'G09.330.100.812']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of macrolide resistance in Bordetella bronchiseptica is associated with the loss of virulence.
|
Background: Why resistance to specific antibiotics emerges and spreads rapidly in some bacteria confronting these drugs but not others remains a mystery. Resistance to erythromycin in the respiratory pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae emerged rapidly and increased problematically. However, resistance is uncommon amongst the classic Bordetella species despite infections being treated with this macrolide for decades.Objectives: We examined whether the apparent progenitor of the classic Bordetella spp., Bordetella bronchiseptica, is able to rapidly generate de novo resistance to antibiotics and, if so, why such resistance might not persist and propagate.Methods: Independent strains of B. bronchiseptica resistant to erythromycin were generated in vitro by successively passaging them in increasing subinhibitory concentrations of this macrolide. Resistant mutants obtained were evaluated for their capacity to infect mice, and for other virulence properties including adherence, cytotoxicity and induction of cytokines.Results: B. bronchiseptica rapidly developed stable and persistent antibiotic resistance de novo. Unlike the previously reported trade-off in fitness, multiple independent resistant mutants were not defective in their rates of growth in vitro but were consistently defective in colonizing mice and lost a variety of virulence phenotypes. These changes rendered them avirulent but phenotypically similar to the previously described growth phase associated with the ability to survive in soil, water and/or other extra-mammalian environments.Conclusions: These observations raise the possibility that antibiotic resistance in some organisms results in trade-offs that are not quantifiable in routine measures of general fitness such as growth in vitro, but are pronounced in various aspects of infection in the natural host.
|
['Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacterial Adhesion', 'Bacterial Toxins', 'Bordetella Infections', 'Bordetella bronchiseptica', 'Cell Survival', 'Cytokines', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Resistance, Bacterial', 'Erythromycin', 'Mice', 'Mutation', 'Selection, Genetic', 'Serial Passage', 'Virulence']
| 30,107,601
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['G06.099.050'], ['D23.946.123'], ['C01.150.252.400.143'], ['B03.440.400.425.115.425.050', 'B03.660.075.090.344.425.050'], ['G04.346'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['G06.099.225', 'G06.225.347', 'G07.690.773.984.269.347'], ['D02.540.576.500.992'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.783'], ['E01.370.225.875.837', 'E05.200.875.837'], ['G06.930']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
A double-blind switch study of paroxetine and venlafaxine in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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BACKGROUND: The treatment guidelines for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) propose to switch serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) in case of refractoriness. However, no controlled research has been published yet that prospectively examined the effects of changing SRIs. This article describes the first double-blind switch study of 2 SRIs in patients with OCD.METHOD: 150 patients with primary OCD, according to DSM-IV criteria, were randomly assigned in a 12-week, double-blind trial to receive dosages titrated upward to 300 mg/day of venlafaxine (N = 75) or 60 mg/day of paroxetine (N = 75). Primary efficacy was assessed by the change from baseline on the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and nonresponse was defined as less than 25% reduction on the Y-BOCS. After a 4-week tapering phase, 43 nonresponders were switched to 12 additional weeks of the alternate antidepressant, of which 16 patients received venlafaxine and 27 received paroxetine.RESULTS: Eighteen of 43 patients benefited from a switch to the alternate SRI with a mean +/- SD decrease of at least 25% on the Y-BOCS. At the end of 12 weeks, responder rates were 56% for paroxetine (15/27) and 19% for venlafaxine (3/16). An intent-to-treat, last-observation-carried-forward analysis demonstrated a mean decrease on the Y-BOCS of 1.8 +/- 3.5 in the venlafaxine group and 6.5 +/- 7.1 in the paroxetine group. After 2 consecutive SRI trials, 109 of 150 patients (73%) achieved a Y-BOCS decrease of at least 25%.CONCLUSION: The results of the current study show that 42% of the nonresponders benefited from a crossover to the other SRI, and that paroxetine was more efficacious than venlafaxine in the treatment of nonresponders to a previous SRI trial. Switching SRIs in case of refractoriness may be considered a useful strategy for patients with OCD.
|
['Administration, Oral', 'Adult', 'Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Cyclohexanols', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Drug Resistance', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder', 'Paroxetine', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Venlafaxine Hydrochloride']
| 14,744,166
|
[['E02.319.267.100'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.427.700.122.050'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['D02.033.415.510.500', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318', 'D10.289.510.500'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.080.600'], ['D03.383.621.600'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['D02.033.415.510.500.901', 'D02.092.471.683.948', 'D02.455.426.392.368.367.318.750', 'D10.289.510.500.901']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[The effect of space flight factors on the peripheral blood in the newt Pleurodeles waltlii].
|
The effects of space flight factors (SFF) on the peripheral blood in Pleurodeles waltlii were assessed after 12-day flight on board of the biosatellite "Kosmos-2229". These animals were also used to study regeneration of the limb, tail and lens. The corresponding control groups of animals allowed to distinguish between the effects of the operation, non-specific and specific SFFs: (1) basal control-operated animals; (2) synchronous control-operated animals kept on the Earth under the same conditions as the flight group, and (3) intact animals. It has been shown that the relative content of neutrophils (mostly, young forms) increased and the proportion of lymphocytes and eosinophils decreased under the influence of SFFs, while the capacity of blood cells for DNA synthesis was not affected. A conclusion has been drawn that the Spanish newts can be used for adequate studies of the SFF effects on the hemopoietic tissue.
|
['Animals', 'Blood Cells', 'DNA', 'Female', 'Forelimb', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Lens, Crystalline', 'Pleurodeles', 'Regeneration', 'Russia', 'Space Flight', 'Tail', 'Time Factors']
| 7,987,203
|
[['B01.050'], ['A11.118', 'A15.145.229'], ['D13.444.308'], ['A13.395'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['A09.371.060.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.090.608.700.540'], ['G16.762'], ['Z01.252.122.500', 'Z01.542.248.775'], ['J01.937.285.850'], ['A13.895'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Evolutionary Expression of HER2 Conferred by Chromosome Aneuploidy on Circulating Gastric Cancer Cells Contributes to Developing Targeted and Chemotherapeutic Resistance.
|
Purpose: Previous human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-derived resistance studies were based on ex vivo models, which could not mirror evolutionary expression of HER2 during therapy. To investigate dynamic expression of HER2 and its contribution to developing therapeutic resistance conferred by chromosome aneuploidy, both the HER2 phenotype and chromosome 8 (Chr 8) aneuploidy on circulating tumor cells (CTC) were coexamined in advanced gastric cancer (AGC) patients.Experimental Design: A total of 115 AGC patients, including 56 of histopathologic HER2+ (hHER2+) subjects who received first-line HER2-targeted therapy plus chemotherapy, and 59 of hHER2- patients who received chemotherapy alone, were prospectively enrolled. Both HER2 phenotype and Chr8 aneuploidy of CTCs in patients were coexamined by HER2-iFISH during therapy.Results: A fluctuated positive HER2 phenotype on CTCs (cHER2+) was revealed, showing cHER2+ at different time intervals during treatment. Acquisition of the cHER2+ phenotype in 91.0% of hHER2+ and 76.2% hHER2- patients was demonstrated to correlate with development of resistance to trastuzumab-targeted therapy for hHER2+ patients and chemotherapy alone for hHER2- patients. Aneuploid Chr8 was demonstrated to participate in the acquisition of the cHER2+ phenotype, which provides a growth advantage to HER2+ CTCs against therapeutic pressure, leading to the development of therapeutic resistance.Conclusions: Compared with low positivity of conventional histopathologic hHER2 examination routinely performed once, significant higher positivity of cHER2+ on CTCs was observed. Continuously examining cHER2 shows unique advantages with respect to monitoring therapeutic resistance in real time in carcinoma patients. Moreover, contribution of chromosome aneuploidy to the phenotypic evolution of HER2 expression on CTCs may help elucidate underlying mechanisms of developing therapeutic resistance. Clin Cancer Res; 24(21); 5261-71. ©2018 AACR.
|
['Aneuploidy', 'Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8', 'Drug Resistance, Neoplasm', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence', 'Kaplan-Meier Estimate', 'Neoplastic Cells, Circulating', 'Prognosis', 'Receptor, ErbB-2', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Trastuzumab', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 30,012,565
|
[['C23.550.210.050', 'G05.365.590.175.050', 'G05.700.131'], ['E02.183.750.500', 'E02.319.077.500', 'E02.319.310.037'], ['D23.101.140'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.325.340', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.340'], ['G07.690.773.984.395'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['G05.308.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670.325.350', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.200.500.620.670.325.350', 'E05.200.750.600.670.325.350', 'E05.393.285.350', 'E05.393.661.475.350'], ['E05.318.740.998.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.650', 'N06.850.520.830.998.650'], ['A11.642', 'C04.697.650.900', 'C23.550.727.650.900'], ['E01.789'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.400.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.630.009.400', 'D12.776.543.750.750.400.074.400', 'D12.776.624.664.700.642', 'D23.050.301.500.600.700', 'D23.050.705.552.600.550', 'D23.101.140.642'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.875', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.875', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.875'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Alginate-chaperoned facile refolding of Chromobacterium viscosum lipase.
|
Urea denatured lipase from Chromobacterium viscosum lipase could be refolded by addition of alginate with high guluronic acid content. The refolded molecule could be recovered by affinity precipitation. This approach resulted in recovery of 80% (of original activity) as compared to classical dilution method which gave only 21% activity recovery. Dynamic light scattering showed that binding required about 45 min and activity data obtained from affinity precipitation experiments indicated that refolding was almost instantaneous after binding. Circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence data showed that refolded molecule was identical to the native molecule. It also showed that refolding takes place at the binding stage and not at the precipitation stage. Preliminary studies showed that the refolding strategy worked equally well with lipases from wheat germ and porcine pancreas.
|
['Alginates', 'Animals', 'Chromobacterium', 'Glucuronic Acid', 'Hexuronic Acids', 'Lipase', 'Pancreas', 'Protein Denaturation', 'Protein Folding', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Swine', 'Triticum']
| 16,624,637
|
[['D09.698.068'], ['B01.050'], ['B03.440.450.360', 'B03.660.075.525.100'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.162.249', 'D02.241.152.811.162.500', 'D02.241.511.902.915.162.500', 'D09.811.922.162.500'], ['D02.241.081.844.915.400', 'D02.241.152.811.400', 'D02.241.511.902.915.400', 'D09.811.922.400'], ['D08.811.277.352.100.400'], ['A03.734'], ['G01.154.651.750.500', 'G02.111.688.750.500'], ['G01.154.651', 'G02.111.688'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The application of plasma tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase to assess changes in bone resorption in response to artificial menopause and its treatment with estrogen or norethisterone.
|
Plasma tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TR ACP), urinary hydroxyproline excretion (UH), serum osteocalcin, and bone alkaline phosphatase isozyme were determined in a prospective study in 31 women who had undergone bilateral ovariectomy (OOX). Nine patients were followed up for 1 year without treatment and for the following 3 years when on mestranol (M) substitution. On the basis of UH, 22 patients were identified as having increased bone resorption (BR) within 3 months of OOX. Subsequently, 11 patients were treated with transdermal estradiol (E2) and 11 patients with norethisterone (norethindrone, NE). In untreated patients, the biochemical indices of BR peaked 3-6 months following OOX and biochemical indices of bone formation (BF) continued to increase from 3 until 12 months. The substitution with both E2 or M resulted in normalization in serum and urinary calcium, serum phosphate, renal threshold phosphate concentration (TmPO4/GRF), and biochemical indices of BR within 4 months of treatment. Biochemical indices of BF normalized within 6 months of treatment. In the M-treated group, these effects continued for 3 years of the follow-up. The hormonal substitution had a protective effect on cortical and lumbar spine bone mass. A significant decrease, but not to normal values, in biochemical indices of BR and a persistent elevation in indices of BF were found in NE-treated patients. Unlike E2, NE does not depress osteoblastic function. There is strong evidence supporting the utility of measurements of TR ACP in plasma in examination of women who had ovariectomies and in assessement of the efficacy of treatment.
|
['Acid Phosphatase', 'Adult', 'Bone Resorption', 'Drug Resistance', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Menopause', 'Middle Aged', 'Norethindrone', 'Ovariectomy', 'Tartrates']
| 2,509,014
|
[['D08.811.277.352.650.025'], ['M01.060.116'], ['C05.116.264', 'G11.427.213.150'], ['G07.690.773.984'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.157.500', 'G08.686.841.249.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D04.210.500.668.651.693.651'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['D02.241.081.337.864', 'D02.241.081.844.759', 'D02.241.511.902.759', 'D09.811.779']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Clinical effect of human fibroblast interferon on malignant cancer. (2) Immunological study of the patients under treatment].
|
Several immunological studies were performed in patients with various malignant diseases under treatment of human fibroblast interferon (HFIF). Lymphocyte natural killer (NK) activity against culture cell lines was measured before and at various time after HFIF treatment. The majority of patients reached the highest level of NK activity at 18-24 hours, mostly at 24 hours after initiating HFIF. In one group of patients, thereafter, NK activity remained the highest level during HFIF treatment, and in another group of patients, NK activity declined even with daily infusion of HFIF but usually remained above pre-treatment level. There seemed to be no correlation between NK activity and clinical activity. In contrast to NK activity against culture cell lines, an increase in lymphocyte cytotoxic activity against autologous tumor cells was not observed following HFIF treatment. Mixed lymphocyte tumor cell reaction performed in 6 patients showed that a slight increase of 3H-thymidine uptake was seen in one patient, but the rest of them had no change. In vitro sensitization to assess the in vitro generation of cytotoxic cells were negative in all 6 patients. Lymphocyte blastogenic responses to non-specific mitogens showed no significant change. Delayed type hypersensitivity reaction to recall antigens was increased in about half of the patients after HFIF treatment.
|
['Cytotoxicity, Immunologic', 'Humans', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Interferon Type I', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Lymphocyte Activation', 'Lymphocytes', 'Neoplasms']
| 7,184,400
|
[['G12.287'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C20.543.418'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.890', 'D12.776.467.374.440.890', 'D23.529.374.440.890'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['E01.370.225.812.482', 'E05.200.812.482', 'E05.478.594.530', 'G12.450.050.400.545', 'G12.565'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C04']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Visual and portable strategy for copper(II) detection based on a striplike poly(thymine)-caged and microwell-printed hydrogel.
|
Due to its importance to develop strategies for copper(II) (Cu(2+)) detection, we here report a visual and portable strategy for Cu(2+) detection based on designing and using a strip-like hydrogel. The hydrogel is functionalized through caging poly(thymine) as probes, which can effectively template the formation of fluorescent copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) in the presence of the reductant (ascorbate) and Cu(2+). On the hydrogel's surface, uniform wells of microliter volume (microwells) are printed for sample-injection. When the injected sample is stained by Cu(2+), fluorescent CuNPs will be in situ templated by poly T in the hydrogel. With ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, the red fluorescence of CuNPs can be observed by naked-eye and recorded by a common camera without complicated instruments. Thus, the strategy integrates sample-injection, reaction and indication with fast signal response, providing an add-and-read manner for visual and portable detection of Cu(2+), as well as a strip-like strategy. Detection ability with a detectable minimum concentration of 20 ìM and practically applicable properties have been demonstrated, such as resistance to environmental interference and good constancy, indicating that the strategy holds great potential and significance for popular detection of Cu(2+), especially in remote regions. We believe that the strip-like hydrogel-based methodology is also applicable to other targets by virtue of altering probes.
|
['Copper', 'Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate', 'Poly T']
| 25,325,821
|
[['D01.268.556.195', 'D01.268.956.170', 'D01.552.544.195'], ['D02.033.455.250.700.485', 'D05.750.219.500', 'D05.750.741.485', 'D20.280.320.609.500', 'D25.720.532.500', 'D25.720.741.485', 'D26.255.165.320.375.375', 'J01.637.051.720.584.500', 'J01.637.051.720.741.485'], ['D13.695.578.500.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Animal experiment, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of intraperitoneal therapy with interleukin-2 (n Il-2) in patients with ovarian carcinoma].
|
OBJECTIVE: In an orthotopic transplantation model using human ovarian cancer xenografts we evaluated antitumor effects of nIL-2 as well as its side effects in a clinical phase I/II study.METHODS: In patients with advanced ovarian cancer nIL-2 was administered i.p. in escalating doses every two days by means of a Tenckhoff-catheter.RESULTS: Considerable stimulation of intraperitoneal immune cells was observed without severe toxic side effect WHO grade III/IV.CONCLUSIONS: Due to pharmacological-pharmacokinetic advantages using the i.p. route nIL-2 was very well tolerated and showed considerable stimulation of local immune cells.
|
['Adult', 'Animals', 'Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immune Tolerance', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Injections, Intraperitoneal', 'Interleukin-2', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Ovarian Neoplasms']
| 8,672,926
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['E02.319.267.200', 'E04.292.425'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['E02.319.283'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.535.425'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.490'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.021', 'D12.644.276.374.480.372', 'D12.776.467.374.465.021', 'D12.776.467.374.480.372', 'D23.529.374.465.155', 'D23.529.374.480.372'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.624'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Reduced catheter sepsis and prolonged catheter life using a tunnelled silicone rubber catheter for total parenteral nutrition.
|
One hundred and five patients were given total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for an average of 15 days via centrally placed venous catheters. Thirty-seven polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and 80 silicone rubber catheters were used. All the silicone rubber and 8 of the PVC catheters were buried in a subcutaneous tunnel. When silicone rubber catheters were used, there was significantly less catheter sepsis (P much less than 0.01), catheter life was prolonged by 50 per cent and fewer catheter insertions per patient were necessary.
|
['Catheterization', 'Humans', 'Parenteral Nutrition', 'Parenteral Nutrition, Total', 'Polyvinyl Chloride', 'Prospective Studies', 'Silicone Elastomers', 'Staphylococcal Infections']
| 6,809,094
|
[['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.421.505', 'E02.642.500.505'], ['E02.421.505.575', 'E02.642.500.505.750'], ['D02.455.326.271.884.533.565', 'D05.750.716.721.812', 'D25.720.327.811', 'D25.720.716.721.812', 'J01.637.051.720.716.721.812'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D05.750.900.850.900', 'D25.720.327.900', 'D25.720.900.850.900', 'J01.637.051.720.327.900', 'J01.637.051.720.900.850.900', 'J01.637.412.900'], ['C01.150.252.410.868']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Secretion of GOB metallo-beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli depends strictly on the cooperation between the cytoplasmic DnaK chaperone system and the Sec machinery: completion of folding and Zn(II) ion acquisition occur in the bacterial periplasm.
|
Metallo-beta-lactamases (MbetaLs) are zinc-dependent enzymes produced by many clinically relevant gram-negative pathogens that can hydrolyze most beta-lactam antibiotics. MbetaLs are synthesized in the bacterial cytoplasm as precursors and are secreted into the periplasm. Here, we report that the biogenesis process of the recently characterized MbetaL GOB-18 demands cooperation between a main chaperone system of the bacterial cytoplasm, DnaK, and the Sec secretion machinery. Using the expression of the complete gob-18 gene from the gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Elizabethkingia meningoseptica in Escherichia coli as a model system, we found that the precursor of this metalloenzyme is secreted by the Sec pathway and reduces cell susceptibility to different beta-lactam antibiotics. Moreover, acting with different J proteins such as cytoplasmic DnaJ and membrane-associated DjlA as cochaperones, DnaK plays an essential role in the cytoplasmic transit of the GOB-18 precursor to the Sec translocon. Our studies also revealed a less relevant role, that of assisting in GOB-18 secretion, for trigger factor, while no significant functions were found for other main cytoplasmic chaperones such as SecB or GroEL/ES. The overall findings indicate that the biogenesis of GOB-18 involves cytoplasmic interaction of the precursor protein mainly with DnaK, secretion by the Sec system, and final folding and incorporation of Zn(II) ions into the bacterial periplasm.
|
['Bacterial Proteins', 'Cefotaxime', 'Cytoplasm', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Flavobacteriaceae', 'HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Models, Biological', 'beta-Lactamases']
| 19,433,552
|
[['D12.776.097'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.190.190', 'D02.886.665.074.190.190', 'D03.633.100.300.249.190.190'], ['A11.284.430.214'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['B03.440.080.190', 'B03.440.400.425.310'], ['D12.776.580.216.375'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D08.811.277.087.180']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lead and cadmium contamination and exposure risk assessment via consumption of vegetables grown in agricultural soils of five-selected regions of Pakistan.
|
Rapid urbanization and industrialization result in serious contamination of soil with toxic metals such as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), which can lead to deleterious health impacts in the exposed population. This study aimed to investigate Pb and Cd contamination in agricultural soils and vegetables in five different agricultural sites in Pakistan. The metal transfer from soil-to-plant, average daily intake of metals, and health risk index (HRI) were also characterized. The Pb concentrations for all soils were below the maximum allowable limits (MAL 350 mg kg-1) set by State Environmental Protection Administration of China (SEPA), for soils in China, while Cd concentrations in the soils were exceeded the MAL (61.7-73.7% and 4.39-34.3%) set by SEPA (0.6 mg kg-), and European Union, (1.5 mg kg-1) respectively. The mean Pb concentration in edible parts of vegetables ranged from 1.8 to 11 mg kg-1. The Pb concentrations for leafy vegetables were higher than the fruiting and pulpy vegetables. The Pb concentrations exceeded the MAL (0.3 mg kg-1) for leafy vegetables and the 0.1 mg kg-1 MAL for fruity and rooty/tuber vegetables set by FAO/WHO-CODEX. Likewise, all vegetables except Pisum sativum (0.12 mg kg-1) contained Cd concentrations that exceeded the MAL set by SEPA. The HRI values for Pb and Cd were <1 for both adults and children for most of the vegetable species except Luffa acutangula, Solanum lycopersicum, Benincasa hispada, Momordi charantia, Aesculantus malvaceae, Cucumis sativus, Praecitrullus fistulosus, Brassica oleracea, and Colocasia esculanta for children. Based on these results, consumption of these Pb and Cd contaminated vegetables poses a potential health risk to the local consumers.
|
['Adult', 'Cadmium', 'Child', 'China', 'Consumer Product Safety', 'Female', 'Food Contamination', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Lead', 'Male', 'Pakistan', 'Risk Assessment', 'Soil', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Vegetables']
| 27,939,659
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D01.268.556.137', 'D01.268.956.061', 'D01.552.544.137'], ['M01.060.406'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['N06.850.210'], ['J01.576.423.850.730.500.249', 'N06.850.460.400', 'N06.850.601.500.249'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D01.268.556.435', 'D01.552.544.435'], ['Z01.252.245.723'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.715', 'N04.452.871.715', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.690', 'N06.850.505.715', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.715'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['B01.650.160.956', 'B01.650.510.956', 'G07.203.300.850', 'J02.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Systematic structure modifications of imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine to reduce metabolism mediated by aldehyde oxidase (AO).
|
N-{trans-3-[(5-Cyano-6-methylpyridin-2-yl)oxy]-2,2,4,4-tetramethylcyclobutyl}imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide (1) was recently identified as a full antagonist of the androgen receptor, demonstrating excellent in vivo tumor growth inhibition in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine moiety is rapidly metabolized by aldehyde oxidase (AO). The present paper describes a number of medicinal chemistry strategies taken to avoid the AO-mediated oxidation of this particular system. Guided by an AO protein structure-based model, our investigation revealed the most probable site of AO oxidation and the observation that altering the heterocycle or blocking the reactive site are two of the more effective strategies for reducing AO metabolism. These strategies may be useful for other drug discovery programs.
|
['Aldehyde Oxidase', 'Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic', 'Catalytic Domain', 'Cyclobutanes', 'Humans', 'Imidazoles', 'Models, Molecular', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Protein Binding', 'Pyrimidines', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 21,955,208
|
[['D08.811.682.657.163.311'], ['D03.605.084'], ['G02.111.570.120.704', 'G02.111.570.820.709.275.750.188'], ['D02.455.426.392.368.201'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.383.129.308'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['D03.383.742'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Improving rheumatoid arthritis comparative effectiveness research through causal inference principles: systematic review using a target trial emulation framework.
|
OBJECTIVES: Target trial emulation is an intuitive design framework that encourages investigators to formulate their comparative effectiveness research (CER) question as a hypothetical randomised controlled trial (RCT). Our aim was to systematically review CER studies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to provide examples of design limitations that could be avoided using target trial emulation, and how these limitations might introduce bias.METHODS: We searched for head-to-head CER studies of biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in RA. Study designs were reviewed for seven components of the target trial emulation framework: eligibility criteria, treatment strategies, assignment procedures, follow-up period, outcome, causal contrasts of interest (ie, intention-to-treat (ITT) or per-protocol effect) and analysis plan. Hypothetical trials corresponding to the reported methods were assessed to identify design limitations that would have been avoided with an explicit target trial protocol. Analysis of the primary effectiveness outcome was chosen where multiple analyses were performed.RESULTS: We found 31 CER studies, of which 29 (94%) had at least one design limitation belonging to seven components. The most common limitations related to: (1) eligibility criteria: 19/31 (61%) studies used post-baseline information to define baseline eligibility; (2) causal contrasts: 25 (81%) did not define whether ITT or per-protocol effects were estimated and (3) assignment procedures: 13 (42%) studies did not account for confounding by indication or relied solely on statistical confounder selection.CONCLUSIONS: Design limitations were found in 94% of observational CER studies in RA. Target trial emulation is a structured approach for designing observational CER studies that helps to avoid potential sources of bias.
|
['Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Comparative Effectiveness Research', 'Humans', 'Observational Studies as Topic', 'Research Design']
| 32,381,560
|
[['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['H01.770.644.145.360.500', 'N05.425.157'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.250.500', 'N05.715.360.330.250.500', 'N06.850.520.450.250.500'], ['E05.581.500', 'H01.770.644.728']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Modeling transcription factor binding sites with Gibbs Sampling and Minimum Description Length encoding.
|
Transcription factors, proteins required for the regulation of gene expression, recognize and bind short stretches of DNA on the order of 4 to 10 bases in length. In general, each factor recognizes a family of "similar" sequences rather than a single unique sequence. Ultimately, the transcriptional state of a gene is determined by the cooperative interaction of several bound factors. We have developed a method using Gibbs Sampling and the Minimum Description Length principle for automatically and reliably creating weight matrix models of binding sites from a database (TRANSFAC) of known binding site sequences. Determining the relationship between sequence and binding affinity for a particular factor is an important first step in predicting whether a given uncharacterized sequence is part of a promoter site or other control region. Here we describe the foundation for the methods we will use to develop weight matrix models for transcription factor binding sites.
|
['Algorithms', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'DNA', 'Databases, Factual', 'Markov Chains', 'Models, Biological', 'Sequence Alignment', 'Stochastic Processes', 'Transcription Factors']
| 9,322,048
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['D13.444.308'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.188.400', 'L01.470.750.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.500', 'E05.318.740.996.500', 'G17.830.500', 'N05.715.360.750.625.500', 'N05.715.360.750.770.500', 'N06.850.520.830.600.500', 'N06.850.520.830.996.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.393.751'], ['E05.318.740.996', 'G17.830', 'N05.715.360.750.770', 'N06.850.520.830.996'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Evolutionary Computing Enriched Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Survey.
|
Complications caused due to diabetes mellitus result in significant microvasculature that eventually causes diabetic retinopathy (DR) that keeps on increasing with time, and eventually causes complete vision loss. Identifying subtle variations in morphological changes in retinal blood vessels, optic disk, exudates, microaneurysms, hemorrhage, etc., is complicated and requires a robust computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system so as to enable earlier and efficient DR diagnosis practices. In the majority of the existing CAD systems, functional enhancements have been realized time and again to ensure accurate and efficient diagnosis of DR. In this survey paper, a number of existing literature presenting DR CAD systems are discussed and analyzed. Both traditional and varoius evolutionary approaches, including genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, bee colony optimization, etc., based DR CAD have also been studied and their respective efficiencies have been discussed. Our survey revealed that evolutionary computing methods can play a vital role for optimizing DR-CAD functional components, such as proprocessing by enhancing filters coefficient, segmentation by enriching clustering, feature extraction, feature selection, and dimensional reduction, as well as classification.
|
['Algorithms', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted', 'Humans', 'Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 28,534,786
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['E01.158', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.158.600', 'E01.370.350.350', 'L01.313.500.750.100.158.600'], ['A07.015.611'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Farnesyltransferase regulates neutrophil recruitment and tissue damage in acute pancreatitis.
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OBJECTIVES: The signaling mechanisms controlling organ damage in the pancreas in severe acute pancreatitis (AP) remain elusive. Herein, we examined the role of farnesyltransferase signaling in AP.METHODS: Pancreatitis was provoked by the infusion of taurocholate into the pancreatic duct in C57BL/6 mice. Animals were treated with a farnesyltransferase inhibitor FTI-277 (25 mg/kg) before pancreatitis induction.RESULTS: FTI-277 decreased the blood amylase levels, pancreatic neutrophil infiltration, hemorrhage, and edema formation in the pancreas in mice challenged with taurocholate. Farnesyltransferase inhibition reduced the myeloperoxidase levels in the pancreas and lungs in response to taurocholate infusion. However, FTI-277 had no effect on the taurocholate-provoked formation of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in the pancreas. Interestingly, farnesyltransferase inhibition abolished the neutrophil expression of macrophage-1 antigen in mice with pancreatitis. In addition, FTI-277 decreased the taurocholate-induced activation of the rat sarcoma protein in the pancreas. An important role of farnesyltransferase was confirmed in L-arginine-induced pancreatitis.CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that farnesyltransferase signaling plays a significant role in AP by regulating neutrophil infiltration and tissue injury via the neutrophil expression of macrophage-1 antigen. Thus, our findings not only elucidate novel signaling mechanisms in pancreatitis but also suggest that farnesyltransferase might constitute a target in the management of severe AP.
|
['Acinar Cells', 'Acute Disease', 'Amylases', 'Animals', 'Arginine', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chemokine CXCL2', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Farnesyltranstransferase', 'Lung', 'Macrophage-1 Antigen', 'Male', 'Methionine', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Neutrophil Infiltration', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatitis', 'Peroxidase', 'Signal Transduction', 'Taurocholic Acid', 'Trypsin', 'Trypsinogen']
| 24,622,074
|
[['A11.031'], ['C23.550.291.125'], ['D08.811.277.450.066'], ['B01.050'], ['D12.125.068.050', 'D12.125.095.104', 'D12.125.142.087'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.644.276.374.200.120.100', 'D12.644.276.374.200.600.940', 'D12.776.467.374.200.120.100', 'D12.776.467.374.200.600.940', 'D23.125.300.120.100', 'D23.125.300.600.940', 'D23.469.200.120.100', 'D23.469.200.600.940', 'D23.529.374.200.120.100', 'D23.529.374.200.600.940'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D08.811.913.225.437'], ['A04.411'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.408.495.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.408.600.500', 'D12.776.543.750.705.833.500'], ['D02.886.030.676', 'D12.125.142.557', 'D12.125.154.549', 'D12.125.166.676'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['G12.632'], ['A03.734'], ['C06.689.750'], ['D08.811.682.732.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D02.455.326.146.100.850.875', 'D02.886.645.600.055.850.800', 'D04.210.500.105.225.900', 'D04.210.500.221.430.873'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.895', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.895'], ['D08.622.885', 'D12.776.811.243.885']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Progressive multiple sclerosis: abnormal immune functions in vitro and aberrant correlation with enumeration of lymphocyte subpopulations.
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In a series of 27 consecutive progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) patients under age 50 we have simultaneously measured 3 in vitro immune functions and 6 markers and compared their results to a group of 21 controls. We have confirmed a reduction of concanavalin A (Con A) -induced suppression and NK function contrasting with increased IgG secretion in response to pokeweed mitogen (PWM). Among 6 monoclonal antibody-recognized subpopulation (Leu 1, Leu 2, OKT8, Leu 3, Leu 7 and Leu 11) only Leu 2+ lymphocytes were statistically reduced. OKT8+ were slightly reduced, Leu 3+ were slightly increased. Discriminant analysis revealed that the 3 immune functions together with the results of OKT8 and Leu 3 enumeration were sufficient to appropriately classify most of the individuals. Only 3 MS and 4 controls were misclassified. Correlation analysis suggested disappearance of the doubly labelled OKT8/Leu 7 population in MS patients. In MS as opposed to controls Con A-induced suppression did not correlate with suppressor cell markers but correlated with NK cell markers suggesting that in MS this population mediates Con A-induced suppression. IgG secretion and Con A suppressor cell function were inversely correlated in MS patients but not in controls, suggesting that in chronic progressive multiple sclerosis a common abnormality underlies both increased response to PWM and decreased induction of suppression by Con A.
|
['Adult', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte', 'Antigens, Surface', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunity, Cellular', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Killer Cells, Natural', 'Lymphocytes', 'Male', 'Multiple Sclerosis', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 2,940,262
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.301.264.894', 'D23.101.100.894'], ['D23.050.301'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.450.050.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['E05.481'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.537', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.537', 'A15.382.490.555.567.537'], ['A11.118.637.555.567', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567', 'A15.382.490.555.567'], ['C10.114.375.500', 'C10.314.350.500', 'C20.111.258.250.500'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Study of patient-reported morbidity following V-beam pulsed-dye laser treatment of port wine stains.
|
The V-beam pulsed-dye laser (PDL) (595 nm) has gained popularity in the treatment of port wine stains (PWS). It uses longer pulse durations than the standard flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser (FPDL) (585 nm) and has an in-built cooling system to protect the epidermis. This should, theoretically, reduce the treatment-associated side effects, including discomfort. The aim of this questionnaire-based study was to confirm the clinical impression that V-beam PDL is well tolerated. The results were compared with a historical group of 62 PWS patients treated with FPDL. Fifty-one patients took part in the current study. Only 35.7% (vs. 81% in the historical comparison group) required topical anaesthetic prior to laser treatment. A shortening in the duration of bruising (8 vs. 10 days) and of symptoms such as burning and tightness (3 vs. 10 days) was recorded. Lifestyle change after treatment was recorded by fewer patients (39 vs. 57%). We conclude that V-beam PDL is better tolerated than FPDL when used at therapeutic levels in patients with PWS.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anesthetics, Local', 'Child', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Low-Level Light Therapy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pain', 'Port-Wine Stain', 'Quality of Life', 'Skin Diseases', 'Social Behavior', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Time Factors']
| 16,047,083
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['M01.060.406'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.594.540', 'E02.774.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['C16.131.831.675', 'C17.800.804.675'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C17.800'], ['F01.145.813'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
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Association of genetic dependences between lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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INTRODUCTION: Recent studies have shown an increased risk of lung cancer in patients with bronchial obstructive changes, including patients with COPD. It seems that there are common factors of pathogenesis of both diseases associated with oxidative stress. In the present paper the genes linked to the repair of oxidative damage of DNA, associated with cancer, of iron metabolism and coding proteolytic enzymes were assessed.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was conducted in two groups of patients: 53 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 54 patients only with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The polymorphisms of the single nucleotide were determined in the case of the majority of genes using the PCR-RFLP method. The statistical analysis of quantitative variables was executed using the Mann-Withney U-test and the test of medians; the analysis of genetic variables was executed using the chi² test.RESULTS: Regarding the polymorphisms of genes involved in iron metabolism, statistically significant differences between the two groups have been demonstrated only in the case of haptoglobin gene HP1/2. A higher incidence of form 1/1 was found in patients with COPD and a higher incidence of form 1/2 in patients with lung cancer and COPD. Analysis of gene polymorphisms of proteolytic enzymes and inhibitors of the enzyme gene showed statistically significant differences between the two groups only for the MMP3 gene 6A/5A. In the case of the MMP12 gene polymorphism (A-82G) a tendency toward differences in the occurrence of specific alleles was identified.CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that patients with coincidence of COPD and lung cancer have disorders of the genes involved in iron metabolism, and they have different genetic polymorphisms of proteolytic enzymes comparing to COPD patients.
|
['Adenocarcinoma', 'Aged', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone', 'Comorbidity', 'Female', 'Genetic Predisposition to Disease', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Iron', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Male', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 12', 'Matrix Metalloproteinase 3', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Peptide Hydrolases', 'Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide', 'Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive', 'Risk Factors', 'Smoking']
| 23,744,166
|
[['C04.557.470.200.025'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['D12.776.660.235', 'D12.776.664.235'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['C23.550.291.687.500', 'G05.380.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.500', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.500', 'D12.644.276.848.500', 'D12.776.467.836.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.480.525.700.200', 'D08.811.277.656.675.374.525.700.200', 'D12.644.276.848.200', 'D12.776.467.836.200'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['D08.811.277.656'], ['G05.365.795.598'], ['C08.381.495.389'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.805']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Regulation of IFN-ã by IL-13 dictates susceptibility to secondary postinfluenza MRSA pneumonia.
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Superinfection in mice at day 7 postinfluenza infection exacerbates bacterial pneumonia at least in part via downstream effects of increased IFN-ã signaling. Here we show that up to 3 days postinfluenza infection, mice have reduced susceptibility to superinfection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), but that superinfection during that time exacerbated influenza disease. This was due to IL-13 signaling that was advantageous for resolving MRSA infection via inhibition of IFN-ã, but was detrimental to the clearance of influenza virus. However, if superinfection did not occur until the near resolution of influenza infection (day 7), IL-13 signaling was inhibited, at least in part by upregulation of IL-13 decoy receptor (IL-13Rá2), which in turn caused increases in IFN-ã signaling and exacerbation of bacterial infection. Understanding these cytokine sequelae is critical to development of immunotherapies for influenza-MRSA coinfection since perturbations of these sequelae at the wrong time could increase susceptibility to MRSA and/or influenza.
|
['Animals', 'Bacterial Load', 'Coinfection', 'Disease Susceptibility', 'Interferon-gamma', 'Interleukin-13', 'Interleukin-13 Receptor alpha2 Subunit', 'Lung', 'Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Mice, Knockout', 'Orthomyxoviridae Infections', 'Pneumonia, Bacterial', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Staphylococcal Infections', 'Superinfection', 'Viral Load']
| 25,091,976
|
[['B01.050'], ['E01.370.225.875.150.115', 'E01.370.225.875.220.115', 'E05.200.875.150.115', 'E05.200.875.220.115', 'G06.099.100'], ['C01.218'], ['C23.550.291.687', 'G07.100.250'], ['D12.644.276.374.440.893', 'D12.644.276.374.480.615.350', 'D12.776.467.374.440.893', 'D12.776.467.374.480.615.350', 'D23.529.374.440.893', 'D23.529.374.480.615.350'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.513', 'D12.776.467.374.465.513', 'D23.529.374.465.513'], ['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.600.300'], ['A04.411'], ['B03.300.390.400.800.750.100.500', 'B03.353.500.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.100.750.750.100.500', 'B03.510.400.790.750.100.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['B01.050.050.136.500.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.550.455', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.800.500'], ['C01.925.782.620'], ['C01.150.252.620', 'C01.748.610.540', 'C08.381.677.540', 'C08.730.610.540'], ['D12.776.828'], ['C01.150.252.410.868'], ['C01.597.880', 'C01.610.684.880', 'C01.925.597.880'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Ethnic discrimination and psychological distress: a study of Sami and non-Sami populations in Norway.
|
The prevalence of psychological distress and its association with ethnic discrimination was examined among 13,703 participants (36 to 79 years of age) in a population-based study of health and living conditions in areas with indigenous Sami, Kven (descendants of Finnish immigrants), and Ethnic Norwegian populations (the SAMINOR study). Sami and Kven males reported greater levels of stress than Ethnic Norwegians. Ethnic discrimination was strongly associated with elevated levels of psychological distress. Results suggest that ethnic discrimination is a major potential risk factor for poor mental health, and may contribute to ethnicity-related differences in mental health between Sami and non-Sami populations.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Bullying', 'Ethnic Groups', 'Female', 'Finland', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Minority Groups', 'Norway', 'Population Groups', 'Prejudice', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 22,334,242
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['F01.145.126.125.550', 'F01.145.813.213.500', 'I01.880.735.070'], ['M01.686.754', 'N01.224.317'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.853.300'], ['Z01.542.816.374'], ['M01.686', 'N01.224.708'], ['F01.145.813.550', 'F01.829.595'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Retinopathy and hypertension affect serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in Type 2 diabetic patients.
|
Several studies suggest that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, as well as atherosclerosis, and acute-phase reactants have been proposed as monitors for the ongoing process of these diseases. We studied the clinical significance of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in relation to chronic diabetic complications using 114 Japanese patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. The hs-CRP values were normalized by logarithmic transformation for statistical analysis. Retinopathy and hypertension were extracted as significant modulators for the hs-CRP value in the diabetic patients, in addition to previously known factors, age, and body mass index (BMI), by multivariate analysis. The hs-CRP level in normotensive diabetic patients without retinopathy was not significantly different from that of normal control participants after adjustment for age and BMI. The hs-CRP value was significantly high in the patients with hypertension, despite the existence or absence of diabetes. On the other hand, the hs-CRP level of the diabetic patients complicated with retinopathy was low especially in those with hypertension. The frequency of patients having an hs-CRP value above 1.0 mg/l who are thought to be at risk for cardiovascular diseases was also high in the patients complicated with hypertension and low in the diabetic patients with retinopathy. These results indicate that the presence or absence of hypertension and retinopathy should be taken into consideration for the interpretation of the serum hs-CRP in diabetic patients.
|
['Biomarkers', 'Body Mass Index', 'C-Reactive Protein', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Diabetic Angiopathies', 'Diabetic Retinopathy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Inflammation', 'Japan', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regression Analysis']
| 15,866,055
|
[['D23.101'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D12.776.034.145', 'D12.776.124.050.120', 'D12.776.124.486.157'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['C14.907.320', 'C19.246.099.500'], ['C11.768.257', 'C14.907.320.382', 'C19.246.099.500.382'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C23.550.470'], ['Z01.252.474.463', 'Z01.639.595'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.740.750', 'N05.715.360.750.695', 'N06.850.520.830.750']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Central venous catheter related infections. Inter-Societies update and recommendations].
|
Representatives of the Argentine Society of Infectious Diseases (SADI) and the Argentine Society of Intensive Therapy (SATI) joined together to issue specific recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of intravascular catheter related infections (CRI). The methodology used was the analysis of the literature published in the last 10 years, complemented with the opinion of experts and local data. This document aims to promote effective measures to reduce the risk of CRI and to offer basic tools for diagnosis optimization based on clinical and microbiological criteria, orientation on empirical and targeted antibiotic schemes, posology, and administration of antibiotics in critical patients. It also offers a diagnostic and treatment algorithm for use in the care activity, as well as considerations on the dosage of antibiotics. The joint work of both societies highlights the concern for the management of CRI and the importance of ensuring improvement in daily practices. Through this recommendation, local guidelines are established to optimize the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of CRI in order to reduce morbidity and mortality, days of hospitalization, costs, and antimicrobial resistance.
|
['Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Bacteremia', 'Catheter-Related Infections', 'Catheterization, Central Venous', 'Central Venous Catheters', 'Humans', 'Practice Guidelines as Topic']
| 30,694,189
|
[['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['C01.150.252.100', 'C01.757.100', 'C23.550.470.790.500.100'], ['C01.195'], ['E02.148.167', 'E04.100.814.529.875', 'E04.502.382.875', 'E05.157.313'], ['E07.132.750.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N04.761.700.350.650', 'N05.700.350.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Surgical costs in an otorhinolaryngology department].
|
OBJECTIVE: To describe the costs of the surgical procedures most frequently performed in an Otorhinolaryngology Department.MATERIALS AND METHOD: A descriptive economic analysis of the 5 most frequent surgical procedures performed during 2006, based on the following variables: human resources, non-structural equipment, medication, diagnostic tests and hospitalization during pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative phases.RESULTS: Of the 1108 procedures, the most common was tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy with 25.45 % (282), followed by thyroidectomy/hemithyroidectomy with 8.39 % (93), septoplasty with 8.3 % (92), endoscopic CO2 laser with 8.21 % (91) and tympanoplasty with 7.85 % (87). The total cost for each surgical procedure was 301.02 euro, 1422.09 euro, 315.57 euro, 1245.29 euro, and 1454.04 euro, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of costs shows a direct relationship between the complexity of the procedure and its cost, in terms of human resources, equipment and hospitalization. The use of ambulatory surgery units positively influenced by reducing costs.
|
['Ambulatory Care', 'Costs and Cost Analysis', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Health Expenditures', 'Health Services', 'Humans', 'Otolaryngology', 'Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures', 'Spain']
| 18,928,676
|
[['E02.760.106', 'N02.421.585.106'], ['N03.219.151'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N03.219.151.450', 'N05.300.385'], ['N02.421'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['H02.403.810.526'], ['E04.580'], ['Z01.542.846']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Inhibition of Aortic Valve Calcification by Local Delivery of Zoledronic Acid-an Experimental Study.
|
The aim of this study was to evaluate in an experimental model of aortic valve (AV) stenosis the effectiveness of zoledronate on the inhibition of calcification. Sixteen New Zealand rabbits were placed on vitamin D-enriched diet for 3 weeks. All animals underwent PET/CT at baseline and before euthanasia to assess calcification. Thereafter, the AVs of eight animals were treated with local delivery of 500 ìg/l zoledronate. A placebo mixture was administered in the remaining eight animals. Standardized uptake values were corrected for blood pool activity, providing mean tissue to background ratios (TBRmean). In the zoledronate group, there was no progression of AV calcification (TBRmean 1.20 ± 0.12 vs 1.17 ± 0.78,p = 0.29), while AV calcification progressed in the placebo group (1.22 ± 0.15 vs 1.53 ± 0.23,p = 0.006). Ascending aorta (AA) calcification progressed in both zoledronate and placebo groups. Histology confirmed the results of the PET/CT. Inhibition of AV calcification by local delivery of zoledronate is feasible and effective.
|
['Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary', 'Animals', 'Aortic Valve', 'Aortic Valve Stenosis', 'Bone Density Conservation Agents', 'Calcinosis', 'Cardiac Catheters', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Drug Delivery Systems', 'Echocardiography', 'Male', 'Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography', 'Rabbits', 'Time Factors', 'Zoledronic Acid']
| 29,582,395
|
[['E02.148.050.060.100', 'E04.100.376.719.100', 'E04.100.814.529.124.060.100', 'E04.100.814.529.968.050', 'E04.502.382.124.060.100', 'E04.502.382.968.050', 'E04.928.220.520.100', 'E05.157.016.060.100'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.541.510.110'], ['C14.280.484.048.750', 'C14.280.955.249'], ['D27.505.696.242'], ['C18.452.174.130'], ['E07.132.750.249'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['E02.319.300'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700.500', 'E01.370.350.350.810.645', 'E01.370.350.567.500', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810.490', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810.645', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810.723', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399.500', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810.700', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['G01.910.857'], ['D02.705.429.500.942', 'D03.383.129.308.990']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lactic acid inhibition of gap junctional intercellular communication in in vitro astrocytes as measured by fluorescence recovery after laser photobleaching.
|
Lactic acid can permeate plasma membranes, causing intracellular acidosis. Gap junctions are sensitive to pHi and can be reversibly uncoupled by weak acids. In this study, dye coupling between in vitro astrocytes, presumably mediated by gap junctions, was measured in the absence and presence of lactic acid. Fluorescence recovery after laser photobleaching (gap-FRAP analysis) was used to measure dye coupling. Astrocytes bathed in Eagle's minimum essential medium (EMEM) with lactic acid, pHo 5.5-6, showed no difference in their dye coupling (mean recovery of fluorescence 30%) when compared to control astrocytes (mean recovery of fluorescence 26%). However, 24 mM lactic acid in EMEM, pHo 4.5, decreased dye coupling (mean recovery of fluorescence 2.0%). This effect occurred within 5 min of treatment. When lactic acid-EMEM, pH 4.5, was removed from astrocytes after 30 min and the cells were incubated in EMEM for 24 hr, decreased coupling was not reversed (mean recovery 4.0%). When lactic acid-treated astrocytes were incubated in EMEM for 48 hr, the mean recovery of fluorescence increased to 15% (i.e., 42% of the recovery seen in controls). These observations suggest that brief exposure to high concentrations of lactic acid can have immediate and long-lasting effects on glial gap junctional communication. Under pathological circumstances, such a sequence could be initiated, and this might impair astrocytic control of the central nervous system microenvironment mediated by spatial buffering.
|
['Animals', 'Astrocytes', 'Cell Communication', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Intercellular Junctions', 'Lactates', 'Lactic Acid', 'Lasers', 'Microscopy, Fluorescence', 'Time Factors']
| 2,976,397
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.637.200', 'A11.650.200'], ['G04.085'], ['A11.251'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['A11.284.149.165.420'], ['D02.241.511.459'], ['D02.241.511.459.450'], ['E07.632.490', 'E07.710.520'], ['E01.370.350.515.458', 'E05.595.458'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Dumping syndrome after combined pyloroplasty and fundoplication.
|
Dumping syndrome in infancy is a rare complication following gastric surgery. We describe an 11-month-old infant affected by recurrent peptic oesophagitis who underwent a combined Nissen fundoplication and pyloroplasty. Early dumping symptoms such as irritability, pallor, sweating, abdominal distension and watery diarrhoea were observed postoperatively after bolus feeding. Gastric emptying, measured after the administration of 150 ml of regular cow milk mixed with 200 microCi (8 MBq) of technetium-99m sulfur colloid (99mTc-SC), demonstrated an early rapid and massive emptying of the isotopes into the small intestine, followed by duodenogastric reflux and a second wave of emptying and reflux at 9 min. The initial pattern of gastric emptying and duodenogastric reflux was followed by a slow emptying phase with half-emptying time of 81 min. Isotope studies should be used to investigate motility disorders caused by this type of anti-reflux operation.
|
['Dumping Syndrome', 'Duodenogastric Reflux', 'Esophagus', 'Gastric Emptying', 'Gastric Fundus', 'Gastroesophageal Reflux', 'Glucose Tolerance Test', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Pylorus', 'Radionuclide Imaging', 'Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid']
| 2,040,349
|
[['C06.405.748.630.310', 'C23.550.767.812.500'], ['C06.405.469.275.700', 'C06.405.748.240'], ['A03.556.875.500'], ['G10.261.360.400'], ['A03.556.875.875.419'], ['C06.405.117.119.500.484'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.355', 'E01.370.374.355', 'E05.200.124.100.355'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['A03.556.875.875.799'], ['E01.370.350.710', 'E01.370.384.730'], ['D01.875.900', 'D01.925.950']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Clinical career ladders: Hamot Medical Center.
|
The clinical career ladder program for pharmacists at Hamot Medical Center (HMC), a 500-bed not-for-profit community teaching hospital, is described. Between 1980 and 1989 a career ladder at HMC evolved from an idea to an established program with parallel administrative, business, and clinical tracks. The development of the career ladder mirrored the growth of clinical programs and the diversification of pharmaceutical services. A formal plan for a clinical ladder was developed when the first satellite pharmacy opened in 1984. An entry-level pharmacist at HMC starts with a six-month period during which he or she learns the drug distribution system and prepares for several certification tests. The employee is then promoted to staff pharmacist. Staff pharmacists are promoted to clinical pharmacist II (CP II) upon meeting requirements for competence in a broad range of clinical skills and knowledge. Candidates for the position of clinical pharmacist specialist (CP I) must have either a minimum of three years of experience as a CP II or a Pharm.D. degree and have established an area of clinical expertise. A CP I can progress to assistant and associate director positions as vacancies occur. The clinical ladder has enhanced job satisfaction and encouraged the development of clinical practitioners who provide improved care. Problems have included time constraints, competition for positions, and management of incentives. A parallel career ladder program with a clinical track has enhanced the growth of pharmacy practice at HMC and improved the quality of pharmaceutical care.
|
['Career Mobility', 'Hospital Bed Capacity, 500 and over', 'Hospitals, Community', 'Pennsylvania', 'Pharmacists', 'Pharmacy Administration', 'Pharmacy Service, Hospital', 'Workforce']
| 2,589,340
|
[['N01.824.245.175', 'N01.824.547.330'], ['N02.278.306.472.300'], ['N02.278.421.306'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.550', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.550'], ['M01.526.485.780', 'N02.360.780'], ['N04.452.706'], ['N02.278.216.500.968.603', 'N02.421.668.556', 'N04.452.442.452.422.603'], ['N04.452.525']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Factors influencing activation of B-cells in immunity.
|
The hypotheses so far advanced for B-cell activation by antigen are based on the assumption that the interaction between antigen and the Ig receptors delivers at least the initial triggering signal. There are few, if any, experimental findings to support this assumption. On the contrary, a variety of findings indicate that the Ig receptors do not deliver any signal to the cells, whereas activation can be regularly achieved without participation ofIg receptors. The available evidence forces us to suggest that antigen-induced B-cell triggering is always caused by one nonspecific signal, which is delivered to the cells by surface structures, which are not the Ig receptors. For distinctive features of this hypothesis see One Nonspecific Triggering Signal. Various competing hypotheses for B-cell activation have been analyzed, but none of them appears to satisfy the experimental findings.
|
['Animals', 'Antibody Formation', 'Antibody-Producing Cells', 'Antigens', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Binding Sites, Antibody', 'Cell-Free System', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Concanavalin A', 'Dinitrophenols', 'Epitopes', 'Erythrocytes', 'Fibroblasts', 'Hemocyanins', 'Macrophages', 'Mitogens', 'Poly A-U', 'Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell', 'Sheep', 'Spleen', 'T-Lymphocytes', 'Thymus Gland']
| 48,356
|
[['B01.050'], ['G12.450.050.370.250'], ['A11.063', 'A15.382.032'], ['D23.050'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['G02.111.570.060.425.079', 'G02.111.570.120.408', 'G12.122.232', 'G12.125'], ['A11.284.835.168'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.503.499.500', 'D12.776.765.678.500'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.566.304', 'D02.640.743.304'], ['D23.050.550'], ['A11.118.290', 'A11.443.240', 'A15.145.229.334'], ['A11.329.228'], ['D12.776.093.375', 'D12.776.556.462', 'D23.767.482'], ['A11.329.372', 'A11.627.482', 'A11.733.397', 'A15.382.670.522', 'A15.382.680.397'], ['D27.505.519.593.624'], ['D13.695.578.550.500.510', 'D13.695.578.550.750.510'], ['D12.776.124.790.651.950', 'D12.776.377.715.548.950', 'D12.776.543.750.705.816.821'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569'], ['A10.549.750', 'A15.382.520.604.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The relationship between Apgar score and umbilical arterial blood gas values in newborns.
|
The data for this report were derived from 61 newborns and their mothers. Of the newborns 45.9 percent had one-minute Apgar scores of less than seven, and 54.1 percent had Apgar scores of seven or greater. The five-minute Apgar score was less than 7 in 6.6 percent of cases. While 23 percent of newborns had pH values of less than 7.20, 77 percent had pH of 7.20 or greater. Only 39.3 percent of the 28 newborns with one-minute Apgar score of less than 7 and 75 percent of the four newborns with five minute Apgar scores of less than 7 had pH values less than 7.20. Of 33 newborns, 9.1 percent who had Apgar scores of seven or more had pH of less than 7.20. We determined the sensitivity of the one minute Apgar score in acidemia to be 78 percent, the specificity to be 63 percent, the positive predictive value as 39 percent, and the negative predictive value as 90 percent. The one minute score is very poor for detecting acidosis when present but is rarely misleading when acidosis is absent. There was a positive correlation between the Apgar score and pH (p < 0.001). The best correlation with umbilical artery pH values was observed with base excess (-BE) values (p < 0.001). Severe acidosis (pH < 7.11) was detected in eight cases. As delta pH increases, pH, pO2 and HCO3 decrease and pCO2 increases. Of 11 infants with delta pH > or = 0.20, 63.6 percent were sick infants and only one (9%) had normal Apgar scores.
|
['Acid-Base Equilibrium', 'Acidosis', 'Apgar Score', 'Carbon Dioxide', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Hematocrit', 'Hemoglobins', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Oxygen', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 8,993,174
|
[['G02.111.007', 'G02.300.176', 'G03.030', 'G07.410.110', 'G09.188.050'], ['C18.452.076.176'], ['E01.370.600.050'], ['D01.200.200', 'D01.362.150', 'D01.650.550.200'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['E01.370.225.625.400', 'E05.200.625.400', 'G09.188.370.374'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Site-directed mutagenesis and structural studies suggest that the germination protease, GPR, in spores of Bacillus species is an atypical aspartic acid protease.
|
Germination protease (GPR) initiates the degradation of small, acid-soluble spore proteins (SASP) during germination of spores of Bacillus and Clostridium species. The GPR amino acid sequence is not homologous to members of the major protease families, and previous work has not identified residues involved in GPR catalysis. The current work has focused on identifying catalytically essential amino acids by mutagenesis of Bacillus megaterium gpr. A residue was selected for alteration if it (i) was conserved among spore-forming bacteria, (ii) was a potential nucleophile, and (iii) had not been ruled out as inessential for catalysis. GPR variants were overexpressed in Escherichia coli, and the active form (P41) was assayed for activity against SASP and the zymogen form (P46) was assayed for the ability to autoprocess to P41. Variants inactive against SASP and unable to autoprocess were analyzed by circular dichroism spectroscopy and multi-angle laser light scattering to determine whether the variant's inactivity was due to loss of secondary or quaternary structure, respectively. Variation of D127 and D193, but no other residues, resulted in inactive P46 and P41, while variants of each form were well structured and tetrameric, suggesting that D127 and D193 are essential for activity and autoprocessing. Mapping these two aspartate residues and a highly conserved lysine onto the B. megaterium P46 crystal structure revealed a striking similarity to the catalytic residues and propeptide lysine of aspartic acid proteases. These data indicate that GPR is an atypical aspartic acid protease.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Aspartic Acid', 'Bacillus megaterium', 'Endopeptidases', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Mutagenesis, Site-Directed', 'Protein Structure, Tertiary', 'Spores, Bacterial']
| 16,199,582
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['D12.125.067.500', 'D12.125.119.170', 'D12.125.427.040'], ['B03.300.390.400.158.218.500', 'B03.353.500.100.218.500', 'B03.510.100.100.218.500', 'B03.510.415.400.158.218.500', 'B03.510.460.410.158.218.500'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['E05.393.420.601.575'], ['G02.111.570.820.709.610'], ['A11.870.700', 'B05.775.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Pump activated by a foot switch pedal for controlled administration of local anaesthetic drugs.
|
We describe a newly designed syringe pump which is electrically controlled by a dual foot switch pedal. The device enables the scrubbed anaesthetist performing the regional block to aspirate, as well as to inject, the local anaesthetic without the need for any additional personnel.
|
['Anesthetics, Local', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Electronics, Medical', 'Equipment Design', 'Foot', 'Humans', 'Infusion Pumps', 'Nerve Block', 'Suction', 'Syringes']
| 11,939,996
|
[['D27.505.696.277.100.200', 'D27.505.696.663.850.025', 'D27.505.954.427.210.100.200'], ['E02.319.283'], ['H01.671.293.319'], ['E05.320'], ['A01.378.610.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E07.505', 'E07.858.082.505'], ['E03.155.086.711', 'E04.525.210.550'], ['E04.237.890'], ['E07.877']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Rituximab for the treatment of Churg-Strauss syndrome with renal involvement.
|
INTRODUCTION: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a small vessel systemic vasculitis associated with asthma and eosinophilia that causes glomerulonephritis (GN) in ?25% of patients. Rituximab (RTX) is a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody that depletes B cells and is effective in numerous autoimmune diseases including antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. We aim to evaluate the safety and efficacy of RTX in inducing remission of renal disease activity in patients with CSS.METHODS: We conducted a single-center, open-label pilot study using RTX (375 mg/m(2)/week ? 4) for induction of remission in CSS patients with renal involvement [defined as having >25% dysmorphic red cells, red blood cell casts or pauci-immune GN on biopsy]. Written informed consent was obtained from all individuals. Patients were eligible if they were untreated, had failed glucocorticoid therapy or had failed glucocorticoid dose reductions because of disease relapses. The primary outcome was remission of renal disease activity defined as stability or improvement of creatinine clearance, absence of active urinary sediment and reduction of the glucocorticoid dose to <50% of the average dose received over 3 months before enrollment or <10 mg/day (whichever is smaller) at 6 months. Patients were followed up for 1 year.RESULTS: Only three patients (two females; ages 54, 55 and 65) were enrolled. All patients had positive myeloperoxidase-ANCA and renal involvement. Two patients had biopsy-proven pauci-immune crescentic GN. All achieved the primary end point of renal remission within the first 3 months and remained in renal remission during the year following RTX treatment. One patient experienced a nonrenal relapse (eye and joint involvement) at 6 months coinciding with the reconstitution of CD19+ cells and eosinophilia. He was retreated with RTX and achieved remission within 6 weeks. No major adverse effects were recorded.CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, RTX was safe and successful in controlling renal disease activity in three patients with CSS. This agent deserves further study in CSS.
|
['Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived', 'Churg-Strauss Syndrome', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Immunologic Factors', 'Kidney Diseases', 'Kidney Function Tests', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pilot Projects', 'Remission Induction', 'Rituximab', 'Survival Rate', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 21,325,353
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284'], ['C14.907.940.897.249.249', 'C15.604.515.292.015', 'C20.111.193.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D27.505.696.477'], ['C12.777.419', 'C13.351.968.419'], ['E01.370.390.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.750', 'E05.337.737', 'N05.715.360.330.720', 'N06.850.520.450.720'], ['E02.860'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.075.785', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.284.785'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Aberrant cerebral network topology and mild cognitive impairment in early Parkinson's disease.
|
The aim of this study was to assess whether mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with disruption in large-scale structural networks in newly diagnosed, drug-na?ve patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Graph theoretical analyses were applied to 3T MRI data from 123 PD patients and 56 controls from the Parkinson's progression markers initiative (PPMI). Thirty-three patients were classified as having Parkinson's disease with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) using the Movement Disorders Society Task Force criteria, while the remaining 90 PD patients were classified as cognitively normal (PD-CN). Global measures (clustering coefficient, characteristic path length, global efficiency, small-worldness) and regional measures (regional clustering coefficient, regional efficiency, hubs) were assessed in the structural networks that were constructed based on cortical thickness and subcortical volume data. PD-MCI patients showed a marked reduction in the average correlation strength between cortical and subcortical regions compared with controls. These patients had a larger characteristic path length and reduced global efficiency in addition to a lower regional efficiency in frontal and parietal regions compared with PD-CN patients and controls. A reorganization of the highly connected regions in the network was observed in both groups of patients. This study shows that the earliest stages of cognitive decline in PD are associated with a disruption in the large-scale coordination of the brain network and with a decrease of the efficiency of parallel information processing. These changes are likely to signal further cognitive decline and provide support to the role of aberrant network topology in cognitive impairment in patients with early PD.
|
['Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Cognitive Dysfunction', 'Disease Progression', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Parkinson Disease']
| 25,950,288
|
[['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['F03.615.250.700'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F04.711.513'], ['C10.228.140.079.862.500', 'C10.228.662.600.400', 'C10.574.928.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance related metabolic syndrome.
|
BACKGROUND: A cross-sectional study in northern Taiwan was conducted to investigate the role of serum insulin level on the development of hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia.METHODS: Demographic data (age, gender), body mass index, blood pressure, and laboratory blood tests (uric acid, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and immunoreactive insulin when fasting and two hours after loading 75 gm glucose) were collected. A logistic model or polychotomous model, treating each chronic disease (hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia) as a dependent variable, were fitted to study the effect of serum insulin level.RESULTS: Four hundred and twenty one volunteers (women:men = 237:184) were recruited from 1991 to 1993. Women were more obese and had more hyperglycemia, while the frequency of hyperuricemia was lower than of men. Women with a higher level of the sum of fasting and 2-hour post glucose load insulin (SIRI) levels had higher frequencies of glucose intolerance, hypertension, obesity and hyperlipidemia, whereas SIRI was related to only obesity and hyperlipidemia in men. The high plasma SIRI was a risk factor for both impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and obesity in women. Men with a high plasma SIRI showed a more than three-fold risk of obesity.CONCLUSIONS: We have observed that a higher serum insulin level was significantly associated with the development of metabolic manifestations (glycemic status and obesity) in a suburban community in northern Taiwan. Men and women with a higher serum insulin level probably had a greater chance of developing obesity, and women had a greater chance of developing IGT.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hyperglycemia', 'Hyperinsulinism', 'Hyperlipidemias', 'Hypertension', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Uric Acid']
| 11,299,972
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.952'], ['C18.452.394.968'], ['C18.452.584.500.500'], ['C14.907.489'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['D03.132.960.877', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.877']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Relative inhibition of insect phenoloxidase by cyclic fungal metabolites from insect and plant pathogens.
|
The fungal metabolite kojic acid, which is produced by Aspergillus and Penicillium species fungi that may be pathogens of both insects and plants, was a significant inhibitor of phenoloxidase of different representative beetle and caterpillar insect species. Fusaric acid and picolinic acid, produced by Fusarium spp., were also significant inhibitors of phenoloxidase, while dipicolinic acid and beauvericin were ineffective at concentrations tested. Previous reports of the ability of kojic and fusaric acid to inhibit defensive enzymes of plants suggest that these compounds may be important in allowing the producing fungi to be pathogens of both insects and plants.
|
['Animals', 'Aspergillus', 'Chitin', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Fusaric Acid', 'Fusarium', 'Hemolymph', 'Insect Proteins', 'Insecta', 'Monophenol Monooxygenase', 'Penicillium', 'Picolinic Acids', 'Pyrones', 'Spodoptera']
| 11,122,526
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.300.381.081'], ['D05.750.078.139', 'D09.698.211'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['D27.505.519.389'], ['D03.066.707.200', 'D03.383.725.705.200'], ['B01.300.381.366'], ['A13.453'], ['D12.776.093.500'], ['B01.050.500.131.617'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.125.500'], ['B01.300.381.662'], ['D03.066.707', 'D03.383.725.705'], ['D03.383.663.718'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.937.650.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Nonbridging external fixation in the treatment of unstable fractures of the distal forearm.
|
INTRODUCTION: Unstable fractures of the distal forearm often require surgical treatment to restore the normal anatomy and function. We have used a relatively new technique, nonbridging external fixation, in the treatment of these fractures in our hospital during the past few years. Our results are presented here.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients (41 female, 11 male) with an unstable fracture of the distal forearm were treated using nonbridging external fixation at Oulu University Hospital during 1996-1999. The patients' mean age was 57 years. There were 45 Colles-type fractures, and 7 distal radius fractures had a concomitant distal ulna fracture. Forty-three patients were reviewed after a mean of 16 months of follow-up to assess radiological, functional, and subjective results.RESULTS: The fixation device maintained reduction well during healing, and the final radiological result was good. Range-of-motion and grip strength were restored to levels of 87-98% compared with the uninjured forearm. The subjective result was rated as 8 (mean) on a scale of 0-10. Pin-tract infection was a common complication (19%), but such cases were easily treated with antibiotics.CONCLUSION: Nonbridging external fixation offers an easy, minimally invasive, and reliable technique in the treatment of unstable fractures of the distal forearm.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', "Colles' Fracture", 'Female', 'Fracture Fixation', 'Fractures, Malunited', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Radiography', 'Radius Fractures', 'Range of Motion, Articular', 'Wrist Joint']
| 12,955,539
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C05.550.518.336.500', 'C26.289.336.500', 'C26.404.562.356'], ['E04.555.300'], ['C26.404.249'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['C26.088.268.556', 'C26.404.562'], ['E01.370.600.700', 'G11.427.760'], ['A02.835.583.405.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
A general vector, pASK84, for cloning, bacterial production, and single-step purification of antibody Fab fragments.
|
The expression vector pASK84 was designed for the convenient cloning of immunoglobulin variable domain genes, as well as periplasmic secretion of the corresponding F(ab) fragment in Escherichia coli. The plasmid provides the constant domain genes of mouse IgG1/kappa with a hexa-histidine tag fused to the C terminus of the heavy chain. This strategy enables the rapid and efficient purification of the functional recombinant F(ab) fragment via immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The versatility of this expression and purification system is demonstrated using the variable domains of the well-characterized anti-lysozyme antibody D1.3.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Chromatography, Affinity', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Escherichia coli', 'Genes, Immunoglobulin', 'Genetic Vectors', 'Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins']
| 8,163,179
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.196.181.400.170'], ['E05.393.220'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.335', 'G12.500.299'], ['G05.360.337'], ['D12.644.541.500.650', 'D12.776.124.486.485.680.650', 'D12.776.124.790.651.680.650', 'D12.776.377.715.548.680.650'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['D12.776.828.300']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Antitumor activity of small double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides targeting telomerase RNA in malignant melanoma cells.
|
Human telomerase RNA (hTR) is an intrinsic component of telomerase enzyme. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and single-stranded antisense oligonucleotides have been used previously for silencing of the hTR. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of partially double-stranded oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), in vitro and in vivo in comparison to single-stranded antisense ODNs and siRNAs. ODNs were designed on the basis of structural properties of an ODN from previous studies on HIV, to target the hTR in the human cervical carcinoma HeLa cell line and mouse telomerase RNA (mTR) in the murine metastatic melanoma B16-F10 cell line, respectively. Our results indicate that ODNs were able to inhibit the hTR by 68% and the mTR by 81% in the respective cell lines. This correlated with ODN-mediated rapid inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis excluding slow effects on telomerase function. The inhibition of the hTR was decreased by knock-down of the cellular RNases H suggesting their contribution. Furthermore, we showed a reduction in numbers of metastases by 70% after intravenous administration of ODN-transfected B16-F10 cells in C57BL/6 mice. Our study demonstrates the potential utility of these hairpin-loop-structured ODNs as a different group of nucleic acids for telomerase-based antiproliferative strategies.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cell Survival', 'Female', 'Gene Knockdown Techniques', 'HeLa Cells', 'Humans', 'Lung Neoplasms', 'Melanoma', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides', 'RNA', 'Telomerase', 'Transfection']
| 19,441,892
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['G04.346'], ['E05.393.335.500'], ['A11.251.210.190.400', 'A11.251.860.180.400', 'A11.436.340'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.588.894.797.520', 'C08.381.540', 'C08.785.520'], ['C04.557.465.625.650.510', 'C04.557.580.625.650.510', 'C04.557.665.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['D13.695.578.424.450'], ['D13.444.735'], ['D08.811.913.696.445.308.300.750.750', 'D12.776.157.687.613', 'D12.776.157.725.500.921', 'D12.776.660.720.613', 'D12.776.664.962.500.921'], ['E05.393.350.810', 'G05.728.860']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
HIV RNA persists in rectal tissue despite rapid plasma virologic suppression with dolutegravir-based therapy.
|
OBJECTIVES: Despite plasma virologic suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in gut tissue. The objectives of this study were to compare plasma and rectal tissue HIV RNA dynamics and to assess relationships with dolutegravir (DTG) plasma and tissue concentrations.DESIGN: A longitudinal cohort study of HIV-infected treatment-na?ve individuals initiating DTG-based ART was conducted over 12 weeks with plasma and rectal tissue sampling (Clinicaltrials.gov:NCT02924389).METHODS: HIV RNA and DTG concentrations were quantified in plasma and rectal tissue samples collected pre-ART (baseline) and post-ART at weeks 2, 6, and 12 using Abbott Real-Time HIV-1 assays and high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy, respectively. Relationships between rectal tissue RNA and DTG concentrations were modeled using binary logistic regression, controlling for repeated measures.RESULTS: Twelve participants were enrolled: six (50.0%) women, nine (75.0%) black, median age 42.0 years (Q1 31.2, Q3 52.0). All attained plasma virologic suppression by week 6. 11 of 12 (91.7%) had detectable rectal tissue HIV RNA at baseline, and only three of 11 (27.3%) achieved rectal tissue virologic suppression at any time-point. Compared with rectal tissue nonsuppressors, three of three (100.0%) of rectal tissue suppressors were women, had higher BMI, 35.9 kg/m (range 24.9-38.5) versus 20.6 (17.7-29.9), P = 0.05, and lower baseline log plasma HIV RNA: 3.7 copies/ml (range 3.6-4.4) versus 4.7 (3.8-5.4), P = 0.02. No significant relationships between rectal tissue RNA suppression and DTG concentrations were seen.CONCLUSION: Rectal tissue HIV RNA persisted in most participants and was not predicted by DTG concentrations. Impact of host factors, particularly sex, on tissue HIV viral dynamics warrants further exploration.
|
['Adult', 'Anti-HIV Agents', 'Chromatography, Liquid', 'Female', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring', 'Humans', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Oxazines', 'Piperazines', 'Plasma', 'Prospective Studies', 'Pyridones', 'RNA, Viral', 'Rectum', 'Tandem Mass Spectrometry', 'Viral Load']
| 30,005,011
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.954.122.388.077.088'], ['E05.196.181.400'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['D03.633.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D03.383.533'], ['D03.383.606'], ['A12.207.152.693', 'A12.207.270.695', 'A15.145.693'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['D03.383.725.791'], ['D13.444.735.828'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['E05.196.566.880'], ['E01.370.225.875.950', 'E05.200.875.950', 'G06.920.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Nonisotopic single strand conformation analysis of the 5 alpha-reductase type 2 gene for the diagnosis of 5 alpha-reductase deficiency.
|
5 alpha-Reductase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of defective virilization in karyotypic males due to reduced conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone. The gene encoding the affected 5 alpha-reductase type 2 enzyme has recently been cloned, and mutations within the coding region have been discovered as the cause of this disease. We address the possibility of a rapid nonradioactive molecular genetic screening technique for initial diagnosis and report different point mutations in this gene in eight unrelated patients with clinical features of 5 alpha-reductase deficiency. For molecular genetic analysis, DNA from peripheral blood leukocytes was studied. The coding region of the 5 alpha-reductase type 2 gene was characterized by exon-specific PCR amplification, nonradioactive single strand conformation analysis, and direct sequencing. In seven patients, homozygous point mutations were identified (Leu55-Gln, delta Met157, Gly196-Ser, Arg227-Gln, Ala228-Thr, and His231-Arg). One individual was a compound heterozygote carrier of two mutations (Ile112-Asn and Gln126-Arg). We conclude that molecular genetic characterization of point mutations in the 5 alpha-reductase type 2 gene may be used as an additional valuable procedure for the diagnosis of this disorder.
|
['3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Consanguinity', 'DNA', 'Humans', 'Isoenzymes', 'Leukocytes', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Point Mutation', 'Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational']
| 8,784,107
|
[['D08.811.682.660.465'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G05.090.403.180', 'G05.180'], ['D13.444.308'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.348', 'D12.776.800.300'], ['A11.118.637', 'A15.145.229.637', 'A15.382.490'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.365.590.675'], ['E05.393.620.500'], ['G05.365.795.600']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Development of an orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenograft model using ultrasound guided injection of cells.
|
Mice have been employed as models of cancer for over a century, providing significant advances in our understanding of this multifaceted family of diseases. In particular, orthotopic tumor xenograft mouse models are emerging as the preference for cancer research due to increased clinical relevance over subcutaneous mouse models. In the current study, we developed orthotopic pancreatic cancer xenograft models in mice by a minimally invasive method, ultrasound guided injection (USGI) comparable to highly invasive surgical orthotopic injection (SOI) methods. This optimized method prevented injection complications such as recoil of cells through the injection canal or leakage of cells out of the pancreas into the peritoneal cavity. Tumor growth was monitored in vivo and quantified by ultrasound imaging weekly, tumors were also detected by in vivo fluorescence imaging using a tumor targeted molecular probe. The mean tumor volumes for the USGI and SOI models after 2 weeks of tumor growth were 205 mm(3) and 178 mm(3) respectively. By USGI of human pancreatic cancer cell lines, human orthotopic pancreatic cancer xenografts were established. Based on ultrasound imaging, the orthotopic human pancreatic cancer xenograft take rate was 100% for both human pancreatic cancer cell lines used, MiaPaCa-2 and Su86.86, with mean tumor volumes of 28 mm(3)and 30 mm(3). We demonstrated that this USGI method is feasible, reproducible, facile, minimally invasive and improved compared to the highly-invasive SOI method for establishing orthotopic pancreatic tumor xenograft models suitable for molecular imaging.
|
['Animals', 'Cell Transformation, Neoplastic', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Female', 'HCT116 Cells', 'Humans', 'Immunocompromised Host', 'Injections', 'Mice', 'Molecular Imaging', 'Pancreas', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Peritoneal Neoplasms', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Surgery, Computer-Assisted', 'Ultrasonics']
| 21,647,423
|
[['B01.050'], ['C04.697.098.500', 'C23.550.727.098.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.251.210.190.380', 'A11.251.860.180.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G12.470'], ['E02.319.267.530'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['E01.370.350.557', 'E05.601.555'], ['A03.734'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['C04.588.033.513', 'C04.588.274.780', 'C06.301.780', 'C06.844.620'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E04.749'], ['H01.671.031.849']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Photosynthetic action spectra of the energy storage in bundle sheath cells of Zea mays.
|
Photosynthetic action spectra (Formula: see text), (Carpentier, R., Larue, B. and Leblanc, R. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 228, 534-543.), from 400 to 750 nm were studied in bundle sheath cells of maize. Photosynthetic action spectra in the presence of 10 mM ascorbate or 4 mM ribose-5-phosphate were increased and shifted through all the spectra. After the addition of 10 microM DCMU photosynthetic action spectra were remarkably diminished. On the basis of these results we suggest that the role of PSII in BS chloroplasts will be to prevent the overoxidation of PSI. It appears that in addition to PSII some endogen electron donor may regulate the PSI activity in bundle sheath cells.
|
['Chloroplasts', 'Energy Metabolism', 'Photosynthesis', 'Plants', 'Spectrophotometry', 'Zea mays']
| 3,579,902
|
[['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['G03.295'], ['G02.111.158.937', 'G02.111.669.700', 'G02.740.921', 'G03.191.937', 'G03.493.700', 'G03.800.700', 'G15.568'], ['B01.650'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.966']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Retention of tocilizumab with and without methotrexate during maintenance therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: the ACTRA-RI cohort study.
|
OBJECTIVES: To compare retention of tocilizumab (TCZ) as monotherapy vs combination therapy with MTX in RA patients achieving clinical improvements during the first year.METHODS: We performed a multicentre cohort study using a real-life registry containing RA patients who had begun TCZ with or without MTX between April 2008 and November 2016. Among patients with ?50% improvement of clinical disease activity index (CDAI) during the first year (CDAI50 responders), we evaluated whether MTX use may have affected TCZ discontinuation during the second and subsequent years (maintenance therapy).RESULTS: Among 510 patients with high or moderate CDAI, 328 (64.3%) were CDAI50 responders. The rate of MTX use was 53.0% among responders and 54.4% among non-responders. During maintenance therapy (mean follow-up 30.7 months), 43.9% of CDAI50 responders discontinued TCZ. The most common cause was efficacy loss followed by adverse events. Kaplan-Meier estimates for TCZ retention were 48.3 months (95% CI 42.0, 54.5) for monotherapy and 50.0 months (95% CI 45.9, 54.0) for combination therapy. According to Gray's test, there was no significant impact of MTX use on cumulative incidence of efficacy loss or adverse events. In the Fine-Gray competing risk regression model, CDAI >10 at the start of maintenance therapy and age were predictive factors for TCZ discontinuation due to efficacy loss (hazard ratio 2.58, 95% CI 1.41, 4.72) and adverse events (hazard ratio 1.04, 95% CI 1.01, 1.08), respectively.CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in TCZ retention between monotherapy and combination therapy with MTX.
|
['Aged', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized', 'Antirheumatic Agents', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Cohort Studies', 'Drug Administration Schedule', 'Drug Therapy, Combination', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Maintenance Chemotherapy', 'Male', 'Methotrexate', 'Middle Aged', 'Registries', 'Remission Induction', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Treatment Outcome', 'Withholding Treatment']
| 30,793,749
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200'], ['D27.505.954.329'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E02.319.283'], ['E02.319.310'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.509'], ['D03.633.100.733.631.192.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E02.860'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800'], ['E02.760.952', 'N02.421.585.952']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Screening of genetic parameters for soluble protein expression in Escherichia coli.
|
Soluble expression of proteins in a relevant form for functional and structural investigations still often remains a challenge. Although many biochemical factors are known to affect solubility, a thorough investigation of yield-limiting factors is normally not feasible in high-throughput efforts. Here we present a screening strategy for expression of biomedically relevant proteins in Escherichia coli using a panel of six different genetic variations. These include engineered strains for rare codon supplementation, increased disulfide bond formation in the cytoplasm and novel vectors for secretion to the periplasm or culture medium. Combining these variants with expression construct truncations design, we report on parallel cloning and expression of more than 300 constructs representing 24 selected proteins; including full-length variants of human growth factors, interleukins and growth factor binding proteins. This rapid screening approach appears highly suitable for high-throughput efforts targeting either large sets of proteins or more focused investigations regarding individual high-profile targets.
|
['Cloning, Molecular', 'Codon', 'Disulfides', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Humans', 'Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins', 'Interleukins', 'Plasmids', 'Protein Engineering', 'Recombinant Fusion Proteins', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Solubility', 'Surface Plasmon Resonance']
| 21,130,169
|
[['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D01.248.497.158.874.390', 'D01.875.350.850.150', 'D02.886.520.150'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276', 'D12.776.467', 'D23.529'], ['D12.644.276.374.465', 'D12.776.467.374.465', 'D23.529.374.465'], ['G05.360.600'], ['E05.393.420.601'], ['D12.776.828.300'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['G02.805'], ['E05.196.890', 'E05.601.043.700']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Apparent affinity of the Na/K pump for ouabain in cultured chick cardiac myocytes. Effects of Nai and Ko.
|
The measured apparent affinity (K0.5) of the Na/K pump for ouabain has been reported to vary over a wide range. In a previous report we found that changing Nai could alter apparent affinity by at least an order of magnitude and that the model presented predicted this variability. To increase our understanding of this variability, isolated cells or two- to three-cell clusters of cardiac myocytes from 11-d embryonic chick were used to measure the effects of Nai and Ko on the K0.5 of the Na/K pump for ouabain. Myocytes were whole-cell patch clamped and Na/K pump current (Ip) was measured in preparations exposed to a Ca-free modified Hank's solution (HBSS) that contained 1 mM Ba, 10 mM Cs, and 0.1 mM Cd. Under these conditions there are no Ko-sensitive currents other than Ip because removal of Ko in the presence of ouabain had no effect on the current-voltage (I-V) relation. The I-V relation for Ip showed that in the presence of 5.4 mM Ko and 51 mM Nai, Ip has a slight voltage dependence, decreasing approximately 30% from 0 to -130 mV. Increasing Nai in the patch pipette from 6 to 51 mM (Ko = 5.4 mM) caused Ip to increase from 0.46 +/- 0.07 (n = 5) to 1.34 +/- 0.08 microA/cm2 (n = 13) with a K0.5 for Nai of 17.4 mM and decreased the K0.5 for ouabain from 18.5 +/- 1.8 (n = 4) to 3.1 +/- 0.4 microM (n = 3). Similarly, varying Ko between 0.3 and 10.8 mM (Nai = 24 mM) increased Ip from 0.13 +/- 0.01 (n = 5) to 0.90 +/- 0.05 microA/cm2 (n = 5) with a K0.5 for Ko of 1.94 mM and increased K0.5 for ouabain from 0.56 +/- 0.14 (n = 3-6) to 10.0 +/- 1.1 microM (n = 6). All of these changes are predicted by the model presented. A qualitative explanation of these results is that Nai and Ko interact with the Na/K pump to shift the steady-state distribution of the Na/K pump molecules among the kinetic states. This shift in state distribution alters the probability that the Na/K pump will be in the conformation that binds ouabain with high affinity, thus altering the apparent affinity. In intact cells, the measured apparent affinity represents a combination of all the rate constants in the model and does not equate to simple first-order binding kinetics.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
['Animals', 'Barium', 'Binding Sites', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Chick Embryo', 'Electric Conductivity', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Microelectrodes', 'Models, Biological', 'Monensin', 'Myocardium', 'Ouabain', 'Protein Conformation', 'Sodium', 'Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase']
| 1,660,063
|
[['B01.050'], ['D01.268.552.050', 'D01.268.556.062', 'D01.552.539.124', 'D01.552.544.062'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['A11.251'], ['A13.350.150', 'A16.331.200'], ['G01.358.500.249.277'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['E07.305.250.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['D03.383.312.600'], ['A02.633.580', 'A07.541.704', 'A10.690.552.750'], ['D04.210.500.155.580.130.750.600', 'D09.408.180.810.600'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D08.811.277.040.025.314.750', 'D12.776.157.530.450.162.780', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.880', 'D12.776.157.530.813.750', 'D12.776.543.585.450.162.800', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.890', 'D12.776.543.585.813.750']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bully victimization and child and adolescent health: new evidence from the 2016 NSCH.
|
PURPOSE: To explore whether children with diagnosable health conditions are at greater risk of bully victimization and whether, among these children, bully victimization further elevates the risk of an array of health difficulties.METHODS: We examined a recent, nationally representative sample of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years who participated in the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health. Survey data pertaining to the children and adolescents covering bully victimization, health difficulties, and diagnosable health conditions were obtained from primary caregivers.RESULTS: The results suggest that children with diagnosable conditions are at significantly higher risk of being bullied, particularly among children with birth defects and developmental disorders (e.g., 50% or more are victims of bullying). Furthermore, the findings reveal that, among children with diagnosable conditions, those who are victims of bullying are significantly more likely to experience various health challenges, relative to nonvictims. While these findings are significant across age groups, 12- to 17-year-old youth are more likely to experience bullying in the presence of multiple developmental disorders, and when this occurs, these youth are more likely to manifest health difficulties than younger children.CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that children with disabilities and chronic health conditions, who are at a significantly greater risk of being bullied, also suffer from further health difficulties when they are victimized by their peers. In conjunction with school-based interventions, primary care physicians may be ideally positioned to assess youth for victimization risk, provide counseling to youth victims, and reduce future victimization through office-based youth violence interventions.
|
['Adolescent', 'Aggression', 'Bullying', 'Child', 'Chronic Disease', 'Crime Victims', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Developmental Disabilities', 'Disabled Children', 'Female', 'Health Surveys', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Peer Group', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Schools', 'Students', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'United States']
| 30,287,165
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['F01.145.126.125.550', 'F01.145.813.213.500', 'I01.880.735.070'], ['M01.060.406'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['M01.135'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['F03.625.421'], ['M01.150.200'], ['E05.318.308.980.438', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.316.483'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I02.783', 'J03.832'], ['M01.848'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
[Orthoses in patients with poliomyelitis].
|
Poliomyelitis, in spite of vaccination, is still a problem: in the third world as well as for the victims of the epidemics of the first half of this century, who now, becoming older, have growing difficulties to overcome their paralyses. They needed and still need orthoses for walking. How do they manage? And what can orthopedic technique offer them today?
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Braces', 'Child', 'Female', 'Gait', 'Humans', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Poliomyelitis']
| 7,631,282
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E07.858.442.743.319'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.600.250', 'G11.427.410.568.900.750'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568.500', 'G11.427.410.568'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C01.207.618.750', 'C01.925.782.687.359.764', 'C10.228.228.618.750', 'C10.228.854.525.850', 'C10.668.864']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Characterization of the suppressor cell(s) responsible for anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) induced in BALB/c mice by P815 cells.
|
Anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) is a complex set of immune responses induced by the inoculation of antigens into the anterior chamber of the eye. Histocompatibility antigens, tumor-specific antigens, reactive haptens, and viral antigens have been shown to induce this phenomenon, which comprises the following specific host responses: high titer humoral antibodies, primed cytotoxic T cells, but specifically, impaired skin graft rejection and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). Using the model system of ACAID induced by inoculation of P815 mastocytoma cells into the anterior chambers of H-2-compatible, but minor H-incompatible, BALB/c mice, we demonstrate that the impaired capacity of these animals to develop and express DTH is due to the activation of suppressor T cells. Generation of these cells requires an intact spleen, is not inhibited by cyclophosphamide pretreatment, and is abrogated by systemic treatment of the host with anti-I-J monoclonal antibodies. This splenic suppressor cell(s) can transfer suppression of DTH adoptively to naive syngeneic mice. One suppressor cell is Thy-1.2, Lyt-2.2, and I-Jd positive. A minority of these cells (or a second population of suppressor cells) also expresses the L3T4 surface marker. Suppression is exerted on the efferent limb of DTH expression, although afferent suppression is not excluded. P815-induced ACAID suppressor cells resemble similar cells induced by haptenated spleen cells inoculated into the anterior chamber of the eye. We propose that induction of these suppressor cells, whose target of action is selective for T DTH cells, but not for other types of T cells, is responsible for the phenomenon of immune privilege in the anterior chamber of the eye.
|
['Animals', 'Anterior Chamber', 'Antibodies, Monoclonal', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Female', 'Histocompatibility Antigens Class II', 'Hypersensitivity, Delayed', 'Immunization, Passive', 'Lymphocyte Transfusion', 'Mast-Cell Sarcoma', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Mice, Inbred DBA', 'Models, Biological', 'Neoplasm Transplantation', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Spleen', 'T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory']
| 3,155,766
|
[['B01.050'], ['A09.371.060.067'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D12.776.395.550.509', 'D12.776.543.550.440', 'D23.050.301.500.400', 'D23.050.705.552.410'], ['C20.543.418'], ['E02.095.465.425.400.330', 'E05.478.550.520'], ['E02.095.135.140.425.445'], ['C04.557.450.565.465.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.500', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E05.624'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A11.118.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.550.500.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.200.700', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569.500.700']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Microwave assisted solvent extraction and coupled-column reversed-phase liquid chromatography with UV detection use of an analytical restricted-access-medium column for the efficient multi-residue analysis of acidic pesticides in soils.
|
A screening method has been developed for the determination of acidic pesticides in various types of soils. Methodology is based on the use of microwave assisted solvent extraction (MASE) for fast and efficient extraction of the analytes from the soils and coupled-column reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC-LC) with UV detection at 228 nm for the instrumental analysis of uncleaned extracts. Four types of soils, including sand, clay and peat, with a range in organic matter content of 0.3-13% and ten acidic pesticides of different chemical families (bentazone, bromoxynil, metsulfuron-methyl, 2,4-D, MCPA, MCPP, 2,4-DP, 2,4,5-T, 2,4-DB and MCPB) were selected as matrices and analytes, respectively. The method developed included the selection of suitable MASE and LC-LC conditions. The latter consisted of the selection of a 5-microm GFF-II internal surface reversed-phase (ISRP, Pinkerton) analytical column (50 x 4.6 mm, I.D.) as the first column in the RAM-C18 configuration in combination with an optimised linear gradient elution including on-line cleanup of sample extracts and reconditioning of the columns. The method was validated with the analysis of freshly spiked samples and samples with aged residues (120 days). The four types of soils were spiked with the ten acidic pesticides at levels between 20 and 200 microg/kg. Weighted regression of the recovery data showed for most analyte-matrix combinations, including freshly spiked samples and aged residues, that the method provides overall recoveries between 60 and 90% with relative standard deviations of the intra-laboratory reproducibility's between 5 and 25%; LODs were obtained between 5 and 50 microg/kg. Evaluation of the data set with principal component analysis revealed that the parameters (i) increase of organic matter content of the soil samples and (ii) aged residues negatively effect the recovery of the analytes.
|
['Chromatography, Liquid', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Microwaves', 'Pesticide Residues', 'Soil Pollutants', 'Solvents', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet']
| 11,771,842
|
[['E05.196.181.400'], ['G02.300'], ['G01.358.500.505.810.500', 'G01.750.250.810.500', 'G01.750.770.721.500'], ['D27.720.031.700.672', 'D27.888.723.697', 'N06.850.460.200.700'], ['D27.888.284.756'], ['D27.720.844'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Do learning handicaps and headache cluster?
|
Children who are brought to medical attention because of frequently recurring or disabling headaches appear to have an increased prevalence of learning handicaps. Some of this increase might reflect Berkson's principle--the selection bias of an overrepresentation of patients with two disorders. Consideration is given to five models that show a relationship between learning handicap and headache. Two of the models are dismissed as too simple. Studies are needed to determine whether learning handicap and headache are indeed associated, and, if so, how. Clinicians are advised not to wait until these studies have been completed before implementing therapeutic programs that might prove helpful to those children with both headache and learning handicap.
|
['Child', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Learning Disabilities', 'Models, Neurological', 'Models, Psychological', 'Probability']
| 3,598,136
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C10.597.606.150.550', 'C23.888.592.604.150.550', 'F03.625.562'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['E05.599.695'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Femoropopliteal and femorotibial arterial reconstructive surgery. Special reference to the autogenous venous bypass procedure using unreversed vein after eversion valvectomy.
|
The outcome of 127 femoropopliteal and 23 femorotibial arterial reconstructions carried out between January 1960 and December 1972 has been reviewed. The operative method was autogenous saphenous vein bypass in 109 cases, 82 of which were performed using unreversed vein with eversion valvectomy. The indication for reconstruction was advanced ischemia in 39%. Two patients died primarily and 23 late deaths have occurred subsequently. 19 grafts or reconstructed segments became occluded primarily. Most of them were femorotibial reconstructions of Dacron bypass reconstructions. Most of the failures occurred within 1 year of surgery. Using eversion valvectomy technique, the 1- and 5-year patency rates were 57 and 50% respectively. In femorotibial reconstructions the 1-year patency rate was 36%. There was a distinct difference in patency between the cases with excellent of good outflow and those with fiar or poor outflow. The difference was less distinct between patients with claudication and those with advanced ischemia. Eight limbs needed major amputation.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Amputation', 'Angiography', 'Arteries', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Finland', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Hemorrhage', 'Humans', 'Intermittent Claudication', 'Ischemia', 'Leg', 'Leg Ulcer', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyethylene Terephthalates', 'Popliteal Artery', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Wound Infection']
| 127,495
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.080'], ['E01.370.350.700.060', 'E01.370.370.050'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E07.695.110'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['Z01.542.816.186'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C23.550.414'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.137.126.669', 'C23.888.531'], ['C23.550.513'], ['A01.378.610.500'], ['C17.800.893.592'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D05.750.728.764', 'D25.720.728.764', 'J01.637.051.720.728.764'], ['A07.015.114.681'], ['C23.550.767'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C01.947']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
The network of antigen-antibody reactions in adult women with breast cancer or benign breast pathology or without breast pathology.
|
The Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response to different protein antigens of the mammary ductal carcinoma by adult women affected by Breast Cancer (BC) distinguishes at least 103 proteins that differ in their molecular weights (MW). The IgG producing cell clones (nodes) coexist with each other in each individual organism and share energy resources among themselves, as well as factors that control the level of expression and Specificity of their IgG antibodies. So, it can be proposed that among them there is a Network of interconnections (links) unveiled by the antigens, which specifically react with the IgG antibodies produced by the clones. This Network possibly regulates IgG antibodies' activity and effectiveness. We describe the Network of nodes and links that exists between the different antigens and their respective IgG producing cell clones against the extracted protein antigens from the cells of the T47D Cell-Line, in 50 women with BC, 50 women with Benign Breast Pathology (BBP) and 50 women without breast pathology (H). We have found that women with BBP have the highest number of Links, followed by the H group and, lastly, the women with BC, a finding which suggests that cancer interferes with the Connectivity between the IgG producing cell clones and blocks the expression of 322 links in women with BBP and 32 links in women with H. It is also plausible that the largest number of links in the women with BBP indicates the Network's state of arousal that provides protection against BC. On the other hand, there were many missing links in the BC group of women; the clone which lost more links in the BC group was the hub 24, which point to some of the antigens of T47D as potentially useful as vaccines, as the immune system of women with BBP is well aware of them.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Antigen-Antibody Reactions', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Breast', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast', 'Carcinoma, Lobular', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gene Regulatory Networks', 'Humans', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Prognosis', 'Young Adult']
| 25,781,932
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['G12.122'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D23.101.140'], ['A01.236'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.500', 'C04.557.470.615.132.500', 'C04.588.180.390', 'C17.800.090.500.390'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.305', 'C04.557.470.615.305', 'C04.588.180.437', 'C17.800.090.500.437'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G05.360.080.689.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['E01.789'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Rheumatoid factor in the serum of hepatitis C virus-infected patients: an increase in the titre during cold storage.
|
Storage of serum at 4 degrees C elevated the titre of rheumatoid factor (RF) as measured by nephelometry with IgG-coated latex in 12 of 38 specimens positive for hepatitis C virus. Increased RF following cold storage was not detected in HCV-negative sera. Most of the sera showing the cold-dependent elevation of RF had decreased complement hemolytic activity (CH50) after the cold storage. The RF titre elevated by cold storage decreased to the level of fresh serum by the addition of guinea pig serum as a complement supplement in a dose-dependent fashion. Thus, in the serum of some HCV-infected patients, the affinity of RF appears to be weak, and the binding between the RF and IgG coated on latex may be inhibited by the complement components of fresh serum.
|
['Cold Temperature', 'Complement Activation', 'Cryoglobulins', 'Hepatitis C', 'Hepatitis C Antibodies', 'Humans', 'Nephelometry and Turbidimetry', 'Rheumatoid Factor', 'Specimen Handling']
| 8,888,977
|
[['G01.906.595.272', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.300', 'G16.500.750.775.710.300', 'N06.230.300.100.725.154', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.300'], ['G12.274'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.900.225', 'D12.776.124.790.651.900.225', 'D12.776.377.715.548.900.225'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.254.450.510', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.254.450.510', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.254.450.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.196.712.650'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323.732', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323.732', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323.732'], ['E01.370.225.998', 'E05.200.998']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Jejunal pouch with nerve preservation and interposition after total gastrectomy.
|
BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this paper, we describe operative technique details and our results with a modified technique for jejunal pouch formation and interposition after total gastrectomy, with an overall aim to achieve results superior to jejunal pouch and Roux-en-Y reconstruction, as reported in the literature.METHODOLOGY: Following total gastrectomy, the jejunum was divided approximately 20 cm distal to the ligament of Treitz. Marginal vessels were not divided in order to preserve the nerves in the 50 cm of distal jejunum which would be used for pouch construction. The pouch was constructed using a linear stapler (Endo GiA, United States Surgical Corp., Norwalk, Conn). A total of 15 gastric cancer patients underwent construction of a nerve-preserving jejunal pouch and interposition following total gastrectomy.RESULTS: None of the patients experienced postoperative complications due to pouch construction. Additionally, discomforts such as dumping or stagnation were not observed. Mild reflux esophagitis occurred in five of the 15 patients and was resolved by oral administration of camostat mesilate. Six months after surgery, the average patient's diet volume and body weight had gradually increased to 79% and 86%, respectively, of the presurgical levels. A dual phase, dual isotope radionucleid pouch emptying study was also performed six months after surgery. The intra-pouch RI retention rate was 47% for liquid food and 53% for solid food 120 minutes after intake. The emptying rate was slower for both solid and liquid food, as compared with healthy individuals.CONCLUSIONS: The pouch-emptying test demonstrated a satisfactory retention capacity and an acceptable emptying time as a gastric substitute. The patients who underwent gastric reconstruction with a nerve-preserving jejunal pouch with interposition have experienced a reasonably good quality of life.
|
['Female', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Jejunum', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Quality of Life', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Surgical Stapling', 'Surgically-Created Structures', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 9,638,451
|
[['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A03.556.124.684.500', 'A03.556.249.750'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.550.767'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E04.987.775.800'], ['A10.850', 'E07.862'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The effect of load on biomechanics during an overhead lift in the WorkHab Functional Capacity Evaluation.
|
OBJECTIVE: The role of biomechanics during the overhead lift has not been widely investigated. This study aimed to evaluate any change in biomechanics between safe minimum and safe maximum overhead lifts during the WorkHab Functional Capacity Evaluation.METHOD: Thirty healthy participants (age range 18-22 years) were videotaped completing the overhead lift. Images at the beginning (0/3), one-third (1/3), two-thirds (2/3), and end of lift (3/3) were collected for the minimum and safe maximum lifts Measurement of joint angles of the wrist, elbow, shoulder and sagittal spine using Dartfish Prosuite software was completed. Paired t-tests were used to analyse the differences in joint angles between lifts.RESULTS: Participants' biomechanics changed between the minimum and maximum lifts In comparison to minimum lifts, there was increased wrist ulnar deviation (10.50, 95% CI 4.39, 16.61, p=0.002), increased shoulder flexion (7.26, 95% CI 0.50, 14.01, p=0.036), increased thoracic extension (-3.40, 95% CI -5.36, -1.45, p=0.001), increased lumbar extension (3.75, 95% CI 1.39, 6.12, p=0.003), and decreased elbow flexion (-11.28, 95% CI -18.57, -4.00, p=0.004) in the maximum lifts.CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provide insight into biomechanical changes during the overhead lifting, and support the clinical judgements made by the WorkHab assessor in determining safe maximal lift.
|
['Adolescent', 'Biomechanical Phenomena', 'Disability Evaluation', 'Elbow Joint', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lifting', 'Male', 'Reproducibility of Results', 'Shoulder Joint', 'Spine', 'Video Recording', 'Weight-Bearing', 'Work Capacity Evaluation', 'Young Adult']
| 22,927,589
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['G01.154.090', 'G01.374.089'], ['E01.370.400'], ['A02.835.583.290'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.374.669'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725'], ['A02.835.583.748'], ['A02.835.232.834'], ['L01.280.960'], ['G01.374.965'], ['E01.370.400.925'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Transcriptomic analysis of Shiga-toxigenic bacteriophage carriage reveals a profound regulatory effect on acid resistance in Escherichia coli.
|
Shiga-toxigenic bacteriophages are converting lambdoid phages that impart the ability to produce Shiga toxin to their hosts. Little is known about the function of most of the genes carried by these phages or the impact that lysogeny has on the Escherichia coli host. Here we use next-generation sequencing to compare the transcriptomes of E. coli strains infected with an Stx phage, before and after triggering of the bacterial SOS response that initiates the lytic cycle of the phage. We were able to discriminate between bacteriophage genes expressed in the lysogenic and lytic cycles, and we describe transcriptional changes that occur in the bacterial host as a consequence of Stx phage carriage. Having identified upregulation of the glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) operon, confirmed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we used phenotypic assays to establish the ability of the Stx prophage to confer a greater acid resistance phenotype on the E. coli host. Known phage regulators were overexpressed in E. coli, and the acid resistance of the recombinant strains was tested. The phage-encoded transcriptional regulator CII was identified as the controller of the acid response in the lysogen. Infection of an E. coli O157 strain, from which integrated Stx prophages were previously removed, showed increased acid resistance following infection with a nontoxigenic phage, ?24B. In addition to demonstrating this link between Stx phage carriage and E. coli acid resistance, with its implications for survival postingestion, the data set provides a number of other potential insights into the impact of lambdoid phage carriage on the biology of E. coli.
|
['Bacteriophages', 'Escherichia coli O157', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Prophages', 'Sequence Analysis, RNA', 'Transcriptome', 'Viral Proteins']
| 26,386,055
|
[['B04.123'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.800.250.500', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.800.250.500'], ['E05.393.332'], ['B04.123.655'], ['E05.393.760.710'], ['G02.111.873.750', 'G05.297.700.750', 'G05.360.920'], ['D12.776.964']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Svelte integrated delivery system performance examined through diagnostic catheter delivery: the SPEED registry.
|
AIMS: The multi-center SPEED registry evaluated the procedural success and in-hospital clinical outcomes of direct stenting with the Svelte 'all-in-one' coronary stent Integrated Delivery System (IDS) through diagnostic catheters to identify the clinical indications for which this approach is appropriately suited.METHODS & RESULTS: Forty-eight (48) patients with 54 lesions of lengths ?20 mm and RVD 2.5-3.5 mm were targeted for direct stenting through diagnostic catheters (4-6F) via radial or femoral approach. Procedural characteristics early in an investigator's experience (28 lesions) were compared with outcomes following experience (26 lesions). Procedure, device and strategy success were realized in 54 (100%), 50 (93%) and 46 (85%) lesions, respectively, with strategy success significantly related to RVD (P = 0.05), lesion location (P = 0.01), and diagnostic catheter size (P = 0.05). Significant improvement in crossing and intervention time and trends toward improvement in device and strategy success, reductions in procedure and radiation time and contrast use were observed.CONCLUSIONS: Direct stenting through diagnostic catheters via radial or femoral approach using the Svelte IDS is feasible and associated with good in-hospital outcomes. This approach offers the attractive option of assessing lesions via diagnostic catheter and, depending upon vessel anatomy and lesion morphology, continuing with ad-hoc interventional treatment using the same diagnostic catheter. Improvements in strategy success and procedural efficiencies, based on operator experience, facilitate catheter downsizing and reduce intervention time, ancillary product use and overall procedure costs. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
|
['Aged', 'Cardiac Catheterization', 'Cardiac Catheters', 'Clinical Competence', 'Coronary Artery Disease', 'Cost Savings', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Equipment Design', 'Europe', 'Feasibility Studies', 'Female', 'Femoral Artery', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Learning Curve', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Percutaneous Coronary Intervention', 'Prospective Studies', 'Radial Artery', 'Registries', 'Stents', 'Time Factors', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,130,948
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.370.380.140', 'E02.148.442', 'E05.157.250'], ['E07.132.750.249'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['C14.280.647.250.260', 'C14.907.137.126.339', 'C14.907.585.250.260'], ['N03.219.151.160.200'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['E05.320'], ['Z01.542'], ['E05.318.372.550', 'E05.337.675', 'N05.715.360.330.550', 'N06.850.520.450.550'], ['A07.015.114.351'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.784.629.529.274'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.100.814.529.968', 'E04.502.382.968'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['A07.015.114.740'], ['E05.318.308.970', 'N04.452.859.819', 'N05.715.360.300.715.700', 'N06.850.520.308.970'], ['E07.695.750'], ['G01.910.857'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Risk for developmental coordination disorder correlates with gestational age at birth.
|
BACKGROUND: Studies suggest that children born very preterm have a high risk of developmental coordination disorder (DCD). We examined the relation between the larger spectrum of gestational age at birth and the risk of DCD.METHODS: We used the 7-year follow-up data from 22898 singletons in the Danish National Birth Cohort. We calculated a total score from the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ), incorporated in the 7-year follow-up, and defined children with a score of 46 or below as having probable DCD. Information on gestational age was obtained from the Medical Birth Register.RESULTS: Gestational age at birth was inversely associated with the risk of DCD; a decline in gestational age by a week was associated with a 19% [95% confidence interval 14%, 25%] increased risk of DCD screening positive among children delivered before 40 weeks. No significant increased risk of DCD was seen for children born post-term.CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that short gestational age at birth in a range up to gestational week 37 is related to an increased risk of DCD.
|
['Adolescent', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Denmark', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gestational Age', 'Humans', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Postmature', 'Infant, Premature', 'Longitudinal Studies', 'Motor Skills Disorders', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 23,061,693
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['Z01.542.816.124'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.500'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.500'], ['F03.625.813'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Pain and quality of life (QoL) in elderly: the Turkish experience.
|
PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of demographic and clinical determinants on pain and to investigate the possible risk factors that disrupt QoL.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The design of this research was a prospective study performed in tertiary care hospital-based physical medicine and rehabilitation departments. A comprehensive geriatric pain assessment (Geriatric Pain Scale, GPS) and health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) assessment (Nottingham Health Profile, NHP) were performed.RESULTS: Of the 275 patients, 76% were female and 59.6% were older than 70 years of age. Two hundred seventy four patients (99.7%) had various levels of pain. The mean age of the patent group was 72.77 ± 5.7 (min: 65, max: 96) years. The overall GPS was 60.41 ± 22 (min: 0, max: 99.9), and the total NHP score was 49.01 ± 22.4 (min: 0, max: 100). Correlation analyses showed that for the total GPS score, female gender, lower education, and economic status were significant determinants of higher levels of pain. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the NHP, GPS, Self-Reported Disability Index (SRDI), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were significant determinants of poorer HR-QOL.CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of pain and being female, having low income, having low social support, having a higher rate of disability with related multiple comorbidities, and depression as related factors of HR-QOL. Strengthening these negative predictors of HR-QOL might enhance the efficiency of pain therapies in this population.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Comorbidity', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Incidence', 'Male', 'Pain', 'Pain Measurement', 'Prevalence', 'Prospective Studies', 'Quality of Life', 'Risk Factors', 'Social Class', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tertiary Healthcare', 'Turkey']
| 22,104,759
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['N05.715.350.225', 'N06.850.490.687'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.375', 'N01.224.935.597.500', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.375', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.375'], ['C23.888.592.612', 'F02.830.816.444', 'G11.561.790.444'], ['E01.370.600.550.324'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['I01.800', 'K01.752.400.750', 'N06.850.505.400.425.837'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.880.853.996.755', 'N01.824.782'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['N04.452.758.849.887', 'N05.300.787'], ['Z01.252.245.500.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Humanities [K]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Congenital myopathies are mainly associated with a mild cardiac phenotype.
|
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the prevalence of cardiac involvement in patients with congenital myopathies and the association to specific genotypes.METHODS: We evaluated patients with physical examination, electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and 48-h Holter monitoring. Follow-up was performed for major events.RESULTS: We included 130 patients, 55 men (42%), with a mean age of 34 ± 17 years. A genetic diagnosis was established in 97 patients (75%). Right bundle branch block was observed in three patients: 2/34 patients with a ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) and 1/6 with a tropomyosin two gene (TPM2) gene mutation. Echocardiography showed left-ventricular hypertrophy in five patients: 2/17 and 3/34 patients with a Dynamin 2 (DNM2) and a RYR1 mutation, respectively. One patient with a myosin heavy-chain (MYH7) mutation had dilated cardiomyopathy and heart failure. On Holter monitoring, frequent ventricular premature contractions were observed in one patient with a DNM2 mutation. Two patients with a TPM2 and a RYR1 mutation, respectively, had a single short run of non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia was observed in a 20-year-old man with an actin 1 gene mutation. During follow-up (median 8.4 years), four patients died, all of non-cardiac causes.CONCLUSION: Congenital myopathies are generally associated with a mild cardiac phenotype. Our findings substantiate the literature and indicate that, except for patients with specific genotypes, such as MYH7 and TTN mutations, repeated cardiac assessments can be minimized, given a normal initial cardiac screening at time of diagnosis.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Echocardiography', 'Electrocardiography, Ambulatory', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Heart Diseases', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscular Diseases', 'Phenotype', 'Young Adult']
| 30,874,888
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['E01.370.350.130.750', 'E01.370.350.850.220', 'E01.370.370.380.220'], ['E01.370.370.380.240.230', 'E01.370.405.240.230', 'E01.370.520.500.230'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['C14.280'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491'], ['G05.695'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Molecular cloning of cDNA coding for rat plasma glutathione peroxidase.
|
The plasma glutathione peroxidase (PGSH-PO), which is different from erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (EGSH-PO) in immunochemical property and substrate specificity, was purified from male Wistar rat serum. The amino acid sequence of 5 independent peptides were determined and a cDNA clone for this enzyme was isolated from placental cDNA library. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA revealed that, similar to EGSH-PO cDNA, the seleno-cysteine was genetically encoded by "TGA" codon. On comparing the nucleotide sequences of EGSH-PO and PGSH-PO, no significant homology was found in the vicinities of "TGA" codons of both enzymes.
|
['Amino Acid Sequence', 'Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Cloning, Molecular', 'Codon', 'DNA', 'Glutathione Peroxidase', 'Male', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid']
| 2,101,919
|
[['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['E05.393.220'], ['D13.444.735.544.355', 'G05.360.335.355', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.190'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D08.811.682.732.500'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['G02.111.810.550', 'G05.810.550']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
An assessment of a system to monitor the activity of patients in a rehabilitation programme.
|
The need for an objective quantitative method of monitoring performance in the natural environment for use in a rehabilitation programme is discussed. A system of monitoring the number of steps taken has been developed for an amputee programme as a first attempt towards this goal. Instrumentation consists of an inexpensive foot switch, a storage unit and a retrieval unit. Early clinical experience indicates this system may be of value in the rehabilitation programme by (1) indicating low or unusual activity and alerting clinical staff to identify the cause. (2) Restricting the over-anxious patient when excessive activity is contra-indicated. (3) Identifying poor use of the prosthesis in the home environment. (4) Providing motivation for patients to set personal goals. (5) Acting as a base line for the evaluation of research and development of new techniques.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Amputees', 'Artificial Limbs', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Information Systems', 'Locomotion', 'Male', 'Monitoring, Physiologic']
| 503,802
|
[]
|
[]
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Successful treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with gefitinib after severe erlotinib-related hepatotoxicity.
|
Gefitinib and erlotinib are first-generation small molecular inhibitors of EGFR tyrosine kinase activity. To the best of our knowledge, to date, two reports have stated that patients with NSCLC who develop severe hepatotoxicity secondary to gefitinib treatment can be safely switched to erlotinib. However, the reverse situation has not been reported. Here, we present the first case with non-small cell lung cancer harboring EGFR mutation who developed grade 3/4 hepatotoxicity after initiation of erlotinib, which resolved when therapy was changed to gefitinib. As far as we know, this is the first report showing the efficacy of gefitinib for a non-small cell lung cancer patient who developed severe hepatotoxicity while under erlotinib therapy.
|
['Antineoplastic Agents', 'Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung', 'Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury', 'Erlotinib Hydrochloride', 'Female', 'Gefitinib', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Quinazolines', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 22,333,382
|
[['D27.505.954.248'], ['C04.588.894.797.520.109.220.249', 'C08.381.540.140.500', 'C08.785.520.100.220.500'], ['C06.552.100', 'C25.100.562', 'C25.723.260'], ['D03.633.100.786.375'], ['D03.633.100.786.469'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D27.505.519.389.755'], ['D03.633.100.786'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Mediterranean diet, kidney function, and mortality in men with CKD.
|
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adherence to a Mediterranean diet may link to a better preserved kidney function in the community as well as a favorable cardiometabolic profile and reduced mortality risk in individuals with manifest CKD.DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS: Dietary habits were determined by 7-day dietary records in a population-based cohort of 1110 Swedish men (age 70 years) from 1991 to 1995, 506 of whom were considered to have CKD because of a GFR<60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). A Mediterranean Diet Score was calculated, and participants were categorized as having low, medium, or high adherence. Adequate dietary reporters were identified with Goldberg cutoffs (n=597). Deaths were registered during a median follow-up of 9.9 years.RESULTS: Compared with low adherents, medium and high adherents were 23% and 42% less likely to have CKD, respectively (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=0.77 [0.57 to 1.05] and 0.58 [0.38 to 0.87], respectively, P for trend=0.04). Among those individuals with CKD, phosphate intake and net endogenous acid production were progressively lower across increasing adherence groups. No differences were observed regarding other cardiometabolic risk factors across adherence groups. As many as 168 (33%) CKD individuals died during follow-up. Compared with low adherents, proportional hazards regression associated medium and high adherents to a 25% and 23% lower mortality risk, respectively (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]=0.75 [0.52 to 1.06] and 0.77 [0.44 to 1.36], respectively, P for trend=0.10). Sensitivity analyses showed significant and stronger associations when only adequate dietary reporters were considered.CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern is associated with lower likelihood of CKD in elderly men. A greater adherence to this diet independently predicted survival in those patients with manifest CKD. Clinical trials are warranted to test the hypothesis that following such a diet could improve outcomes (independent of other healthy lifestyles) in CKD patients.
|
['Aged', 'Case-Control Studies', 'Diet, Mediterranean', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Patient Compliance', 'Renal Insufficiency, Chronic', 'Survival Rate', 'Sweden']
| 23,744,002
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500'], ['E02.642.249.270', 'G07.203.650.240.270'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['F01.100.150.750.500.600', 'F01.145.488.887.500.600', 'N05.300.150.800.500.600'], ['C12.777.419.780.750', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['Z01.542.816.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Cost-effectiveness of pediatric epilepsy surgery compared to medical treatment in children with intractable epilepsy.
|
PURPOSE: Due to differences in epilepsy types and surgery, economic evaluations of epilepsy treatment in adults cannot be extrapolated to children. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of epilepsy surgery compared to medical treatment in children with intractable epilepsy.METHOD: Decision tree analysis was used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of surgery relative to medical management. Fifteen patients had surgery and 15 had medical treatment. Cost data included inpatient and outpatient costs for the period April 2007 to September 2009, physician fee, and medication costs. Outcome measure was percentage seizure reduction at one-year follow-up. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was assessed. Sensitivity analysis was performed for different probabilities of surgical and medical treatment outcomes and costs, and surgical mortality or morbidity.RESULTS: More patients managed surgically experienced Engel class I and II outcomes compared to medical treatment at one-year follow-up. Base-case analysis yielded an ICER of $369 per patient for each percentage reduction in seizures for the surgery group relative to medical group. Sensitivity analysis showed robustness for the different probabilities tested.CONCLUSION: Surgical treatment resulted in greater reduction in seizure frequency compared to medical therapy and was a cost-effective treatment option in children with intractable epilepsy who were evaluated for epilepsy surgery and subsequently underwent surgery compared to continuing medical therapy. However, larger sample size and long-term follow-up are needed to validate these findings.
|
['Adolescent', 'Anticonvulsants', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Epilepsy', 'Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Health Care Costs', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neurosurgical Procedures', 'Pediatrics', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Sensitivity and Specificity']
| 21,306,874
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['D27.505.954.427.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['C10.228.140.490'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['N03.219.151.400', 'N05.300.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.525'], ['H02.403.670'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Radio-necrosis of the temporal bone presenting as cerebellopontine angle lesion.
|
We report a case of osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone which presented with symptoms and signs of cerebellopontine angle lesion. The clinical, radiological, histological and bacteriological findings are reported. The occurrence of osteoradionecrosis of the temporal bone and the factors which predispose to it are discussed with particular emphasis on the time lapse between radiotherapy and its development. This presentation has not previously been reported.
|
['Bone Diseases', 'Cerebellar Diseases', 'Cerebellopontine Angle', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteoradionecrosis', 'Radiation Injuries', 'Temporal Bone', 'Time Factors']
| 2,370,472
|
[['C05.116'], ['C10.228.140.252'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200.462'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C26.733.579', 'G01.750.748.500.579'], ['C26.733', 'G01.750.748.500', 'N06.850.460.350.850.500', 'N06.850.810.300.360'], ['A02.835.232.781.885'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
In Vivo Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging of Mammalian Cortex Using "Blue" Dyes.
|
Optical recording of membrane potential allows simultaneous measurements to be taken from many different locations in the nervous system. This is important in studies of the nervous system in which simultaneous activity can occur at the regional, cellular, and subcellular levels. New "blue" dyes, developed by Amiram Grinvald's group, are a great advance for in vivo voltage-sensitive dye imaging of mammalian cortex. The blue dyes are excited by red light (630 nm) that does not overlap with light absorption of hemoglobin (510-590 nm). This virtually eliminates the heart pulsation artifact.
|
['Animals', 'Cerebral Cortex', 'Coloring Agents', 'Rats, Long-Evans', 'Rats, Wistar', 'Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging']
| 26,527,769
|
[['B01.050'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500'], ['D27.720.233'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.900'], ['E01.370.350.887']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Transformation of dissolved organic matters in swine, cow and chicken manures during composting.
|
The changes of dissolved organic matters (DOMs) extracted from swine, cow and chicken manures were assessed by Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence (EEM-FL), Biolog Eco and (1)H NMR during 60-day composting. Pumice was adopted to eliminate the disturbing of common organic bulking agents. The results showed chicken manure had the highest DOC, DTN (dissolved total nitrogen) and lowest DOC/DTN among the three manures; cow manure had the highest volatile solids, lowest DTN, slowest DOMs hydrolysis rate and the fastest bio-stabilization rate. (1)H NMR showed the decrease rates of OC band and saturated carbon chain were distinctly faster than that of olefinic and aromatic structures. The molecular size distribution of DOMs in the three manures was in the range of 1-10 kDa detected by GPC. Microbial carbon utilization capacity decreased in cow manure with composting time, but the contrast was observed in the chicken and swine manures.
|
['Animals', 'Cattle', 'Chickens', 'Chromatography, Gel', 'Manure', 'Nitrogen', 'Organic Chemicals', 'Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy', 'Soil', 'Solubility', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared', 'Swine', 'Volatilization']
| 24,813,566
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['B01.050.150.900.248.350.150', 'B01.050.150.900.248.690.192'], ['E05.196.181.400.250'], ['D20.601'], ['D01.268.604', 'D01.362.625'], ['D02'], ['E05.196.867.519.775'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['G02.805'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['E05.196.712.726.676.700', 'E05.196.867.826.676.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880'], ['G01.645.750', 'G02.734.933']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Cerebral activation related to the control of mastication during changes in food hardness.
|
To investigate the neural network involved in the control of mastication during changes in food hardness, we employed functional magnetic resonance imaging while 15 healthy subjects chewed gum whose hardness was changed by chewing. By comparing the areas activated when the hardness of the bolus varied widely with those seen when the hardness of the bolus had stabilized, we identified selective activations of the supplementary motor area, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the superior temporal gyrus of the left hemisphere, and the premotor area and inferior parietal lobule of the right hemisphere. These findings indicate that these areas are probably related to processes linking sensory input and motor output involved in the change of hardness food during mastication.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Brain Mapping', 'Eating', 'Female', 'Food', 'Functional Laterality', 'Hardness', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Mastication', 'Reference Values']
| 17,320,301
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['E01.370.350.578.875.500', 'E01.370.376.537.625.500', 'E05.629.875.500'], ['G07.203.650.283', 'G10.261.330'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['G01.374.647'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['G07.203.650.283.500', 'G10.261.330.500'], ['E05.978.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Microscopic skin laceration segmentation and classification: A framework of statistical normal distribution and optimal feature selection.
|
Among precision medical techniques, medical image processing is rapidly growing as a successful tool for cancer detection. Skin cancer is one of the crucial cancer types. It is identified through computer vision (CV) techniques using dermoscopic images. The early diagnosis skin cancer from dermoscopic images can be decrease the mortality rate. We propose an automated system for skin lesion detection and classification based on statistical normal distribution and optimal feature selection. Local contrast is controlled using a brighter channel enhancement technique, and segmentation is performed through a statistical normal distribution approach. The multiplication law of probability is implemented for the fusion of segmented images. In the feature extraction phase, optimized histogram, optimized color, and gray level co-occurrences matrices features are extracted and covariance-based fusion is performed. Subsequently, optimal features are selected through a binary grasshopper optimization algorithm. The selected optimal features are finally fed to a classifier and evaluated on the ISBI 2016 and ISBI 2017 data sets. Classification accuracy is computed using different Support Vector Machine (SVM) kernel functions, and the best accuracy is obtained for the cubic function. The average accuracies of the proposed segmentation on the PH2 and ISBI 2016 data sets are 93.79 and 96.04%, respectively, for an image size 512 ? 512. The accuracies of the proposed classification on the ISBI 2016 and ISBI 2017 data sets are 93.80 and 93.70%, respectively. The proposed system outperforms existing methods on selected data sets.
|
['Automation, Laboratory', 'Biostatistics', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Lacerations', 'Normal Distribution', 'Optical Imaging', 'Skin', 'Skin Neoplasms']
| 31,168,871
|
[['E05.064', 'J01.897.104.416'], ['E05.318.740.237'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['C26.540'], ['E05.318.740.994.500', 'G17.820.500', 'N05.715.360.750.750.565', 'N06.850.520.830.994.500'], ['E01.370.350.589', 'E05.642'], ['A17.815'], ['C04.588.805', 'C17.800.882']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
[Capacities of transabdominal ultrasound study in the diagnosis of polyps of the stomach and colon].
|
The data obtained from studies of 84 patients with polyps of the stomach and colonic were used to consider the capacities of transabdominal and transrectal ultrasound studies and their diagnostic efficiency in the diagnosis of polyps of the stomach and colon. The ultrasound semiotics of polyps of the gastric and colon was described. A place of transabdominal ultrasound sonography (US) in the algorithm of radiation and endoscopic studies was established. This investigation led to the conclusion that transabdominal US, along with indirect diagnosis, permits solution of number of fundamental problems facing prior to polypectomy--these are primarily to define the nature of a detected polyp (epithelial and non-epithelial), based on an analysis of the laminar structure of the wall of an organ at the polyp base, a possible polyp malignancy and the degree of invasion into the depths of the gastric wall, as well as to detect a feeding vessel (in the CDC mode) and to predict the likelihood of possible complications. It is advisable to use transabdominal US in a complex of diagnostic techniques for polyps of the stomach and colon.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Colonic Polyps', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Polyps', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Ultrasonography']
| 12,577,664
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.300.825.411.235'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C23.300.825'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E01.370.350.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Pyoderma caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in dogs: 20 cases.
|
In this report we describe the historical, clinical, histopathological and microbiological features, as well as treatments and clinical outcome, of pyoderma where Pseudomonas aeruginosa alone was isolated on bacterial culture from lesional skin. Twenty dogs were included in this retrospective study. Seven dogs without prior history of systemic or skin disease presented with acute deep pseudomonal pyoderma characterized by a sudden onset of dorsal truncal pain. Skin lesions in these dogs consisted of erythematous papules, haemorrhagic bullae, ulcers and haemorrhagic crusts confined to the dorsum. An excellent clinical response was achieved with 3-4 weeks of treatment with oral fluoroquinolones. Thirteen dogs with a more gradual onset of skin lesions associated with pseudomonal pyoderma had a history of prior skin, ear or systemic disease and had previously been treated with antibiotics and/or immunomodulatory drugs. Skin lesions in these dogs were variable and similar to those described for superficial and deep staphylococcal pyoderma. In this group, one dog was euthanized prior to commencement of treatment, two dogs were lost to follow up, and 9 had resolution of lesions following treatment with topical silver sulfadiazine (one dog), fluoroquinolones (six dogs) or cephalexin (two dogs) administered orally for 3 to 12 weeks. Rod-shaped bacteria were not always detected on cytology. Histopathology of dogs with deep pseudomonal pyoderma was characterized by severe perforating suppurative folliculitis and furunculosis.
|
['Administration, Cutaneous', 'Administration, Oral', 'Animals', 'Anti-Bacterial Agents', 'Cephalexin', 'Dog Diseases', 'Dogs', 'Female', 'Fluoroquinolones', 'Male', 'Medical Records', 'Ohio', 'Pseudomonas Infections', 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'Pyoderma', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Silver Sulfadiazine']
| 17,083,575
|
[['E02.319.267.120.060'], ['E02.319.267.100'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.122.085'], ['D02.065.589.099.249.200', 'D02.886.665.074.200', 'D03.633.100.300.249.200'], ['C22.268'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['D03.633.100.810.835.322'], ['E05.318.308.940.968', 'N04.452.859.564', 'N05.715.360.300.715.500', 'N06.850.520.308.940.968'], ['Z01.107.567.875.075.512', 'Z01.107.567.875.350.540', 'Z01.107.567.875.510.540'], ['C01.150.252.400.739'], ['B03.440.400.425.625.625.100', 'B03.660.250.580.590.050'], ['C17.800.695'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['D02.065.884.725.755.800', 'D02.092.146.807.755.800', 'D02.886.590.700.725.755.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Late recurrent hemarthrosis following knee arthroplasty associated with epithelioid angiosarcoma of bone.
|
We report a case of recurrent hemarthrosis 1 year following total knee arthroplasty in a patient with no bleeding diathesis, the hemarthrosis was found to be related to, and led to the diagnosis of high grade sarcoma of the proximal tibia. Twenty five years earlier, he sustained a lateral tibial plateau fracture and was treated with open reduction and plating. Sarcoma developing in association with a metallic orthopedic prosthesis or hardware is an uncommon, but well-recognized complication. Sarcomas that occur adjacent to orthopaedic prostheses or hardware are of varied types, but are usually osteosarcoma or malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
|
['Aged', 'Amputation', 'Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee', 'Bone Neoplasms', 'Epithelioid Cells', 'Hemarthrosis', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Osteosarcoma', 'Postoperative Complications', 'Radiotherapy', 'Recurrence']
| 19,945,286
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['E04.555.080'], ['E04.555.110.110.115', 'E04.650.110.115', 'E04.680.101.110.115'], ['C04.588.149', 'C05.116.231'], ['A11.329.372.300', 'A11.627.482.300', 'A11.733.397.300', 'A15.382.670.522.300', 'A15.382.680.397.300'], ['C05.550.459', 'C23.550.414.794'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.557.450.565.575.650', 'C04.557.450.795.620'], ['C23.550.767'], ['E02.815'], ['C23.550.291.937']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Synthesis, structure, and antiproliferative activity of ruthenium(II) arene complexes with N,O-chelating pyrazolone-based â-ketoamine ligands.
|
Novel ruthenium half-sandwich complexes containing (N,O)-bound pyrazolone-based â-ketoamine ligands have been prepared, and the solid-state structures of one ligand and five complexes have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Some of the complexes display moderate cytotoxicity toward the human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and A2780cisR, the latter line having acquired resistance to cisplatin.
|
['Amination', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Cell Line, Tumor', 'Chelating Agents', 'Coordination Complexes', 'Crystallography, X-Ray', 'Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Pyrazolones', 'Ruthenium']
| 25,412,203
|
[['G02.111.053', 'G02.607.110', 'G03.068'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['D27.505.519.914.500', 'D27.720.832.500'], ['D01.234', 'D02.257'], ['E05.196.309.742.225'], ['E01.370.225.500.388', 'E05.200.500.388', 'E05.242.417', 'E05.337.550.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D03.383.129.539.850'], ['D01.268.556.805', 'D01.268.956.812', 'D01.552.544.805']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Mechanism and kinetics of low-temperature oxidation of a biodiesel surrogate: methyl propanoate radicals with oxygen molecule.
|
This paper presents a computational study on the low-temperature mechanism and kinetics of the reaction between molecular oxygen and alkyl radicals of methyl propanoate (MP), which plays an important role in low-temperature oxidation and/or autoignition processes of the title fuel. Their multiple reaction pathways either accelerate the oxidation process via chain branching or inhibit it by forming relatively stable products. The potential energy surfaces of the reactions between three primary MP radicals and molecular oxygen, namely, C(•)H2CH2COOCH3 + O2, CH3C(•)HCOOCH3 + O2, and CH3CH2COOC(•)H2 + O2, were constructed using the accurate composite CBS-QB3 method. Thermodynamic properties of all species as well as high-pressure rate constants of all reaction channels were derived with explicit corrections for tunneling and hindered internal rotations. Our calculation results are in good agreement with a limited number of scattered data in the literature. Furthermore, pressure- and temperature-dependent rate constants for all reaction channels on the multiwell-multichannel potential energy surfaces were computed with the quantum Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel (QRRK) and the modified strong collision (MSC) theories. This procedure resulted in a thermodynamically consistent detailed kinetic submechanism for low-temperature oxidation governed by the title process. A simplified mechanism, which consists of important reactions, is also suggested for low-temperature combustion at engine-like conditions.
|
['Free Radicals', 'Kinetics', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxygen', 'Propionates', 'Quantum Theory', 'Temperature']
| 25,822,662
|
[['D01.339', 'D02.389'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.268.185.550', 'D01.362.670'], ['D02.241.081.751', 'D10.251.400.706'], ['H01.671.579.800'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol decreases masticatory muscle sensitization in female rats through peripheral cannabinoid receptor activation.
|
BACKGROUND: This study investigated whether intramuscular injection of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), by acting on peripheral cannabinoid (CB) receptors, could decrease nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced sensitization in female rat masseter muscle; a model which mimics the symptoms of myofascial temporomandibular disorders.METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was used to explore the peripheral expression of cannabinoid receptors in the masseter muscle while behavioural and electrophysiology experiments were employed to assess the functional effects of intramuscular injection of THC.RESULTS: It was found that CB1 and CB2 receptors are expressed by trigeminal ganglion neurons that innervate the masseter muscle and also on their peripheral endings. Their expression was greater in TRPV1-positive ganglion neurons. Three days after intramuscular injection of NGF, ganglion neuron expression of CB1 and CB2, but not TPRV1, was decreased. In behavioural experiments, intramuscular injection (10 ìL) of THC (1 mg/mL) attenuated NGF-induced mechanical sensitization. No change in mechanical threshold was observed in the contralateral masseter muscles and no impairment of motor function was found after intramuscular injections of THC. In anaesthetized rats, the same concentration of THC increased the mechanical thresholds of masseter muscle mechanoreceptors. Co-administration of the CB1 antagonist AM251 blocked the effect of THC on masseter muscle mechanoreceptors while the CB2 antagonist AM630 had no effect.CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that reduced inhibitory input from the peripheral cannabinoid system may contribute to NGF-induced local myofascial sensitization of mechanoreceptors. Peripheral application of THC may counter this effect by activating the CB1 receptors on masseter muscle mechanoreceptors to provide analgesic relief without central side effects.SIGNIFICANCE: Our results suggest THC could reduce masticatory muscle pain through activating peripheral CB1 receptors. Peripheral application of cannabinoids could be a novel approach to provide analgesic relief without central side effects.
|
['Animals', 'Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dronabinol', 'Female', 'Masseter Muscle', 'Mechanoreceptors', 'Myofascial Pain Syndromes', 'Nerve Growth Factor', 'Neurons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1', 'Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2', 'Trigeminal Ganglion']
| 28,722,246
|
[['B01.050'], ['D27.505.519.625.085.500', 'D27.505.696.399.472.188.500'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['D02.455.849.090.810'], ['A02.633.567.600.500', 'A14.530.630'], ['A08.675.650.915.750', 'A08.800.950.750', 'A11.671.650.915.750'], ['C05.651.550'], ['D12.644.276.860.437', 'D12.776.467.860.437', 'D12.776.631.600.437', 'D23.529.850.437'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.100'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.125.200'], ['A08.340.390.850', 'A08.800.350.850', 'A08.800.800.120.760.825']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The use of CRIB (clinical risk index for babies) score in auditing the performance of one neonatal intensive care unit.
|
The CRIB (clinical risk index of babies) score was developed to overcome the disadvantages of birthweight-specific comparisons between neonatal units. The aims of this study were to assess the ability of CRIB score compared to birthweight and gestational age to predict hospital mortality in very low birthweight infants and to use CRIB score in auditing one unit's performance during a prolonged time period. The charts of 335 infants with birthweight < or = 1500 g born between 1980 and 1995 were reviewed retrospectively. CRIB predicted hospital mortality significantly better than birthweight and gestation and performed equally well, whether the infants were treated with synthetic surfactant or not. When adjusting for CRIB score there was a significant improvement in the unit's performance, probably owing to the introduction of surfactant. As small samples tend to be associated with wide confidence intervals, use of CRIB is recommended in comparing risk adjusted mortality in a single unit over several years, as in this study, or between large groups of neonatal units over shorter periods.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Birth Weight', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Gestational Age', 'Hospital Mortality', 'Humans', 'Infant Mortality', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Very Low Birth Weight', 'Intensive Care Units, Neonatal', 'Logistic Models', 'Medical Audit', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'ROC Curve', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Severity of Illness Index', 'Survival Analysis']
| 9,512,208
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['C23.888.144.186', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.186', 'E05.041.124.160.750.149', 'G07.100.100.160.120.186', 'G07.345.249.314.120.186'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.400', 'N01.224.935.698.400', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.400', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.475', 'N01.224.935.698.489', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.475', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.475'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.460.600'], ['N02.278.388.493.390.380'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['N04.761.700.250.500', 'N05.700.175.500'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['E05.318.370.800.750', 'E05.318.740.872.750', 'N05.715.360.325.700.680', 'N06.850.520.445.800.750'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E05.318.308.980.438.475.456.500', 'N05.715.360.300.800.438.375.364.500', 'N06.850.520.308.980.438.475.364.500'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Descending perineum syndrome: are abdominal hysterectomy and bowel habits linked?
|
PURPOSE: This retrospective study evaluates the effect of abdominal hysterectomy on patients affected by descending perineum syndrome.METHODS: Eighty-nine female patients affected by descending perineum syndrome and one group of 10 healthy women with normal bowel habits were studied retrospectively. Thirty-two descending perineum syndrome patients (Group 1) had received an abdominal hysterectomy for benign diseases, while 57 descending perineum syndrome patients (Group 2) had not undergone this surgery. All 99 subjects underwent clinical evaluation, computerized anorectal manometry, and defecography.RESULTS: Dyschezia was found predominantly in Group 2 subjects (P < 0.05). Fecal incontinence was significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (P < 0.05). The worst anal resting pressure was found in the incontinent Group 1 patients (P < 0.01). Rectoanal intussusception was a significant defecographic sign in Group 1 subjects (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Clinical evaluation and instrumental data suggested a possible link between fecal incontinence and abdominal hysterectomy in patients affected by descending perineum syndrome.
|
['Aged', 'Constipation', 'Defecography', 'Fecal Incontinence', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Intussusception', 'Manometry', 'Middle Aged', 'Pelvic Floor', 'Perineum', 'Rectum', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Syndrome']
| 16,228,840
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.888.821.150'], ['E01.370.350.700.715.250'], ['C06.405.469.860.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['C06.405.469.531.577'], ['E05.559'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A01.923.600.600', 'A02.633.567.050.750'], ['A01.719'], ['A03.556.124.526.767', 'A03.556.249.249.767'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C23.550.288.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Successful Example of How to Implement and Develop a Deceased Organ Donation System in the Caribbean Region: Five-Year Experience of the SEUSA Program in Trinidad and Tobago.
|
BACKGROUND: The SEUSA program, the Donation and Transplantation Institute foundation consultancy program, was implemented in Trinidad and Tobago (T&T) in 2010 with the support of the National Organ Transplant Unit (NOTU) and the Ministry of Health of T&T.METHODS: The SEUSA program included (1) diagnosis of the current situation using the ODDS (Organ Donation Diagnostic Surveys); (2) creation of a human resources structure through Transplant Procurement Management (TPM); (3) detection of all brain and cardiac deaths in the hospitals implementing the DAS (Decease Alert System); (4) in-hospital awareness based on the EODS (Essentials in Organ Donation); and (5) external hospital audits. Additionally continued monitoring is performed.RESULTS: Thus far, thanks to implementation of the SEUSA program in Trinidad and Tobago 175, healthcare professionals have been exposed to training programs in the organ donation field. The Living Kidney Program was reinforced and the structure of the Deceased Donation (DD) network was defined. Since 2010, 485 potential organ donors have been detected, and 9 have become actual organ donors; 74 patients have received a kidney transplant (59 from living and 15 from deceased donors).CONCLUSIONS: This project results demonstrate that the application of the SEUSA program is an efficient methodology to develop DD programs that increase and consolidate transplant programs in the Caribbean region.
|
['Humans', 'Organ Transplantation', 'Program Development', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tissue Donors', 'Tissue and Organ Procurement', 'Trinidad and Tobago']
| 26,518,918
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.936.450'], ['N04.452.760'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.898'], ['N02.421.911'], ['Z01.107.084.900.900', 'Z01.639.880.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Clinical pharmacology of non opioid analgesics in neonates.
|
An integrated approach of neonatal analgesia starts with the systematic evaluation of pain and should be followed by effective interventions, mainly based on the appropriate (i.e. safe and effective) administration of analgesics. In contrast to the more potent opioids, data on the pharmacokinetics and -dynamics of non-opioid analgesics in this specific population are still rare or even lacking. We therefore evaluated various aspects of developmental pharmacology of non-opioid analgesics (paracetamol, ibuprofen, acetylsalicyl acid) in neonates. We first performed a single dose propacetamol study in preterm and term neonates. Based on these preliminary findings, a repeated dose administration scheme was developed and tested and maturational aspects from preterm till teenage were documented. Although non-selective COX-inhibitors might be effective in the treatment of postoperative or inflammatory pain syndromes in neonates, potential efficacy should be balanced against the drugs' safety profile. Neonatal renal clearance strongly depends on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and GFR itself strongly depends on the vaso-dilatative of prostaglandins on the afferent arterioli. We therefore evaluated the impact of the administration of ibuprofen or acetylsalicylic acid on renal clearance in preterm infants and hereby used amikacin clearance as a surrogate marker. We hereby documented the negative effect of ibuprofen on glomerular filtration rate in preterm infants up to 34 weeks and we were able to show that ibuprofen and acetylsalicylic acid had an equal impact on the glomerular filtration rate.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Analgesia', 'Analgesics, Non-Narcotic', 'Cohort Studies', 'Female', 'Gestational Age', 'Glomerular Filtration Rate', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Male', 'Metabolic Clearance Rate']
| 16,408,826
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['E03.091'], ['D27.505.696.663.850.014.040', 'D27.505.954.427.040.100'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['G07.345.500.325.235.968', 'G08.686.320'], ['E01.370.390.400.300', 'G08.852.357'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['E01.370.225.843', 'E05.200.843', 'G03.490', 'G07.690.595', 'G07.690.725.513']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The care and feeding of your high-profile patients.
|
Doctors and practices enjoy, for the most part, taking care of a high-profile patient. However, with the gratification and ego boost that come from being "chosen" to care for these individuals, there are potential risks and decision-making principles that must not be compromised. As a physician, a high-profile patient is a patient and an individual in need of care and expertise, and medically is no different than any other patient who seeks evaluation and treatment. As a practice, there is a need to understand how to interact and manage the expectations of the high-profile patient. This article will discuss the advantages, risks, and obstacles of and staff preparation for managing such patients.
|
['Famous Persons', 'Humans', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Practice Management, Medical', 'Privacy']
| 23,767,122
|
[['K01.517.211.506', 'M01.228'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['N04.452.758.708.450'], ['I01.880.604.473.352.500', 'N03.706.437.352.500', 'N03.706.615.862']]
|
['Humanities [K]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Preferential inhibition of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase by staurosporine.
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Ligand stimulation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) results in rapid activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase, stimulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis, an increase in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), and, ultimately, cellular proliferation. In a previous study, we demonstrated that staurosporine, a known inhibitor of protein kinase C, blocked PDGF-induced [Ca2+]i increases in Swiss mouse 3T3 fibroblasts by a mechanism that appeared unrelated to inhibition of protein kinase activity (Olsen, R., Melder, D., Seewald, M., Abraham, R., and Powis, G. (1990) Biochem. Pharmacol. 39, 968-972). In the present study, we report that staurosporine inhibits ligand-dependent PDGF-R tyrosine kinase activation in cell-free receptor preparations and in intact Swiss 3T3 cells. At the same concentrations (10(-8)-10(-6) M), staurosporine suppressed both the tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C activity and the hydrolysis of phosphoinositides induced by PDGF stimulation of intact cells. In contrast, guanine nucleotide-binding protein-dependent phospholipase C activation induced by bradykinin or fluoroaluminate anion was relatively insensitive to staurosporine. A preferential inhibitory effect of staurosporine on signal generation by the PDGF-R was indicated by findings that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) tyrosine kinase activity and EGF-dependent phospholipase C in A-431 carcinoma cells were approximately 100-fold less sensitive to this drug. These data indicate that submicromolar concentrations of staurosporine inhibit PDGF-dependent phosphoinositide hydrolysis and Ca2+ mobilization through a proximal inhibitory effect on ligand-induced activation of the PDGF-R tyrosine kinase.
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['Alkaloids', 'Animals', 'Calcium', 'Cell Line', 'Fibroblasts', 'Humans', 'Inositol', 'Inositol Phosphates', 'Kinetics', 'Mice', 'Phosphatidylinositols', 'Phosphorylation', 'Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Protein Kinase Inhibitors', 'Receptors, Cell Surface', 'Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor', 'Staurosporine', 'Type C Phospholipases']
| 2,173,705
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['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
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