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Familial interstitial nephritis.
|
We report a family in whom sixteen members in three consecutive generations have died or currently suffer from chronic renal failure. Histology revealed an interstitial nephritis. One patient also had medullary cysts. The condition appears to be similar to familial juvenile nephronophthisis.
|
['Adult', 'Biopsy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Kidney Failure, Chronic', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Nephritis, Interstitial', 'Pedigree', 'Polycystic Kidney Diseases']
| 1,009,697
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['C12.777.419.780.750.500', 'C13.351.968.419.780.750.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C12.777.419.570.643', 'C13.351.968.419.570.643'], ['E05.393.673'], ['C12.777.419.403.875', 'C13.351.968.419.403.875', 'C16.131.077.717', 'C16.320.184.625']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
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[Identification of the nucleotide sequences specific for the 5'-flanking regions of the genes regulated by glucocorticoids by a computer analysis method].
|
Nucleotide sequences of 5'-flanking regions of 11 glucocorticoid-regulated genes and 14 genes non-regulated by these hormones were studied using context computer analysis. Consensus TGTTCT, previously found in DNA fragments protected by glucocorticoid-receptor complexes from DNAase I digestion, was shown to be nonspecific for glucocorticoid-regulated genes. However, the analysis of sequences flanking the TGTTCT consensus has revealed that only glucocorticoid-regulated genes contain four regularly distributed cytosine residues, one of them belonging to TGTTCT consensus. Three of cytosine residues are separated by 8-10 bp, which provides their close neighbourhood at one side of DNA double helix; the fourth extreme cytosine residue is located 6 bp from the nearest one and therefore, the complementary guanine residue is adjacent to the consensus in DNA helix. It is suggested that the consensus itself and two flanking cytosine and one guanine residues form a specific site for the interaction with glucocorticoid-receptor complex.
|
['Animals', 'Base Sequence', 'Binding Sites', 'Cattle', 'Computers', 'Cytosine', 'DNA', 'DNA, Viral', 'Genes', 'Glucocorticoids', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse', 'Mice', 'Rabbits', 'Rats', 'Receptors, Glucocorticoid']
| 3,008,884
|
[['B01.050'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['G02.111.570.120'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.271'], ['L01.224.230.260'], ['D03.383.742.698.421'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D13.444.308.568'], ['G05.360.340.024.340'], ['D06.472.040.543', 'D27.505.696.399.472.488'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B04.613.807.124.500', 'B04.820.650.124.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.968.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['D12.776.826.750.430']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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Hybrid volumetric modulated arc therapy for chest wall irradiation: For a good plan, get the right mixture.
|
PURPOSE: To find the optimal dose weighting for hybrid volumetric modulated arc therapy (H-VMAT), a combination of conventional 3DCRT and VMAT plans for left sided chest wall and supraclavicular radiation therapy.METHODS & MATERIALS: 20 left-sided breast cancer patients who received adjuvant radiotherapy were considered for this study. To find the optimal weighting, 5 H-VMAT plans were generated for each study case by combining different dose proportions of 3DCRT and VMAT plans including: 90% 3DCRT/10% VMAT, 80% 3DCRT/20% VMAT, 70% 3DCRT/30% VMAT, 60% 3DCRT/40% VMAT, 50% 3DCRT/50% VMAT. Further field-in-field, optimal H-VMAT and VMAT alone plans were compared.RESULTS: All H-VMAT plans achieved the expected target coverage. A higher conformity index was achieved for 50% 3DCRT/50% VMAT plan, while better homogeneity index was achieved for 80% 3DCRT/20% VMAT plan. Mean and low doses were less in 90% 3DCRT/10% VMAT plan. Compared with other proportions, 80% 3DCRT/20% VMAT and 70% 3DCRT/30% VMAT weighted H-VMAT plans achieved balanced results for PTVs and OARs.CONCLUSION: The optimal dose mixture for H-VMAT technique is 70% to 80% for 3DCRT and 20% to 30% for VMAT. The optimal H-VMAT achieved balanced results for the PTVs and OARs compared with field-in-field and VMAT alone plans.
|
['Humans', 'Organs at Risk', 'Proton Therapy', 'Radiometry', 'Radiotherapy Dosage', 'Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated', 'Respiration', 'Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thoracic Wall', 'Tomography, X-Ray Computed', 'Unilateral Breast Neoplasms']
| 30,139,614
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A01.635'], ['E02.815.250.500'], ['E05.799'], ['E02.815.639'], ['E02.815.635.700.700', 'L01.313.500.750.100.710.600.550.700'], ['G09.772.705'], ['E01.370.350.730', 'E01.370.386.730'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['A01.923.761.850'], ['E01.370.350.350.810', 'E01.370.350.600.350.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.700.810', 'E01.370.350.700.810.810', 'E01.370.350.825.810.810'], ['C04.588.180.800', 'C17.800.090.500.682']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Using willingness to pay to measure family members' preferences in mental health.
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BACKGROUND: Willingness to pay is a valuation technique that has rarely been applied in mental health economics. First used in environmental economics to measure the intangible value of environmental improvements, WTP has increasingly been used in health care economics. The technique may be useful in mental health policy research where it can be critical to include the intangible impact of mental health treatment on individuals other than the person with illness, such as family members, in cost-benefit analyses.AIMS OF THE STUDY: The goal of the study was to test the application of WTP in a sample of individuals who have family members with serious mental illness. This paper describes the survey development process and the feasibility analysis that was conducted as part of the study.METHODS: A mail survey was designed by the author in two phases and utilized cognitive pretests and focus group pretests in the process of development. Qualitative analysis of this process resulted in a revised survey instrument that was then distributed to a random sample of 2000 individuals who have family members with mental illness. Feasibility was evaluated based upon the study response rate, the willingness to pay item response rate and an outlier response analysis.RESULTS: Qualitative analysis during the survey development process found that it was critical to consider two areas of concern in the application of WTP with this population in the mental health field. Some respondents experienced a highly emotional response to the initial versions of the survey, and complex probabilities were difficult for the respondents to answer. These findings resulted in significant modifications in the survey design. The analysis of response rate, WTP item non-response rate, and outlier responses found no significant concerns regarding overall feasibility of WTP with this population.DISCUSSION: Based upon the results from this study, WTP is a potentially useful tool for further research in the mental health policy and economics field. However, significant accommodations must be made in survey design to account for a possibility of a high level of emotional distress for those dealing with the illness of a family member. Some of these modifications may be in contrast to the recommendations currently being followed in health care economics. Face-to-face surveys may be preferred in some cases, such as with elderly respondents. Limitations of this study include the lack of targeted follow-up due to the anonymous study design and the fact that there are so few models for WTP studies in mental health. IMPLICATIONS FOR MENTAL HEALTH POLICY: Given that effective mental health programs can be matched with additional expenditures, it is important to explore comprehensive measures of value for treatment in cost-benefit analysis. The values of persons whose family members have serious mental illness are important to consider in setting policy. The success of this study suggests that WTP could be used in other settings, e.g., to understand community preferences for mental health treatment programs, to understand differences in preferences across multiple stakeholder groups.
|
['Consumer Behavior', 'Cost-Benefit Analysis', 'Data Collection', 'Family', 'Financing, Personal', 'Humans', 'Mental Disorders', 'Mental Health Services', 'Patient Admission', 'United States']
| 15,998,979
|
[['F01.145.236'], ['N03.219.151.125'], ['E05.318.308', 'L01.399.250', 'N05.715.360.300', 'N06.850.520.308'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['N03.219.559'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F03'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['E02.760.400.600', 'N02.421.585.400.600'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
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| 0
| 1
| 1
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Analgesic nephropathy: clinical syndrome and prognosis.
|
Over a five-year period 86 patients presented to a renal unit with a history of prolonged analgesic abuse and no other obvious cause of renal damage. Anaemia and peptic ulceration were common, and neurological states suggestive of chronic analgesic intoxication occurred in 22 patients. Thirty-two patients died during follow-up, but the prognosis was much better in patients who ceased abuse of compound analgesics, and improvement could occur even in advanced renal failure. While 84 patients had taken mixtures containing both aspirin and phenacetin, papillary necrosis was also found in two patients who had abused only aspirin, and when phenacetin was withdrawn from several leading compound analgesics, renal function continued to deteriorate in patients ingesting those preparations.
|
['Acetaminophen', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Anemia', 'Aspirin', 'Humans']
| 5,101,354
|
[['D02.065.199.092.040', 'D02.092.146.113.092.040'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.071'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.657.410.595.176'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
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Steady increment of immature platelet fraction is suppressed by irradiation in single-donor platelet components during storage.
|
Circulating immature platelet fraction (IPF) reflects real-time thrombopoiesis and correlates with platelet recovery from thrombocytopenic presentations. To understand the dynamics of IPF in platelet transfusions, we quantified the %-IPF in single-donor platelet components (SDP) during prolonged storage. %-IPF significantly increased from baseline by day 5 post-donation. Absolute IPF counts (A-IPC) had similar significant increments. However, gamma-irradiation suppressed the increments of %-IPF and A-IPC by >50%. Ultrastructural analysis of SDP units at day 10 showed well preserved morphology of immature platelets. Our findings suggest that IPF might actively expand ex-vivo and may have a longer shelf life than their mature counterparts. Closer study of IPF may be of critical clinical importance for transfusion practices.
|
['Blood Platelets', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Gamma Rays', 'Humans', 'Microscopy, Electron, Transmission', 'Platelet Count', 'Platelet Transfusion', 'Temperature', 'Thrombocytopenia', 'Thrombopoiesis', 'Time Factors']
| 24,416,412
|
[['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['G01.358.500.505.300', 'G01.750.250.300', 'G01.750.750.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.515.402.580', 'E05.595.402.580'], ['E01.370.225.500.195.107.740', 'E01.370.225.625.107.700', 'E01.370.225.625.625.625', 'E05.200.500.195.107.740', 'E05.200.625.107.700', 'E05.200.625.625.625', 'E05.242.195.107.740', 'G04.140.107.740', 'G09.188.105.700'], ['E02.095.135.140.650'], ['G01.906.595', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710', 'G16.500.750.775.710', 'N06.230.150.450', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710'], ['C15.378.140.855'], ['G04.152.825.798', 'G09.188.343.798'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
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[Rheumatoid arthritis among the rural population of southern Bulgaria (transitory morbidity established using the Rome and New York diagnostic criteria)].
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Examinations of 5021 subjects (2779 females and 2242 males) were carried out with a view to rheumatoid arthritis. En masse examinations of the population over the age of 20 were carried out in eight villages of South Bulgaria. Making use of the Roman diagnostic criteria, rheumatoid arthritis--probable form, was found in 1.47 per cent of the males and 1.40 per cent of the females (mean for both sexes-1.43%), confirmed form (including the classical) in 0.80 per cent of the males and 1.12 per cent of the females (a total of 0.98% for both sexes). With two positive New York diagnostic criteria are 1.12 per cent of the males and 1.30 per cent of the females (a total of 1.21% for both sexes). With three and four positive New York criteria are 0.45 per cent of the males and 0.76 per cent of the females (a total of 0.62% for both sexes). Only 60 per cent of the subjects with confirmed (including the classical) rheumatoid arthritis are with three or four New York diagnostic criteria. The Roman diagnostic criteria define sometimes subjects with polyarthritis as patients with rheumatoid arthritis, whereas New York criteria fail to detect the cases with rheumatoid arthritis with asymmetric joint involvement.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'Bulgaria', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'New York City', 'Rome', 'Rural Population', 'Sex Factors']
| 898,925
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['C05.550.114.154', 'C05.799.114', 'C17.300.775.099', 'C20.111.199'], ['Z01.542.248.180'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['Z01.107.567.875.350.530.530', 'Z01.107.567.875.500.530.530', 'Z01.433.741'], ['Z01.433.850', 'Z01.542.489.569'], ['N01.600.725'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
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Type IV collagen immunostaining is a simple, reliable diagnostic tool for distinguishing between adenomatous and normal pituitary glands.
|
CONTEXT: Pituitary adenomas are clinically diagnosed based on radiologic studies and/or secondary effects of hormone production. Definitive pathologic identification relies on immunohistochemical detection of a clonal population of hormone-producing cells. However, not all adenomas secrete hormones, so performing a battery of stains is inefficient. Reports have shown decreased type IV collagen in the stroma of other epithelial tumors.OBJECTIVE: To validate type IV collagen immunohistochemistry as a diagnostic method.DESIGN: We immunostained 27 adenomas and 19 normal pituitaries. The areas with the sparsest type IV collagen fibers were viewed at 3 magnifications (x10, x20, and x40 objectives), counting 1, 3, or 10 microscopic fields. A field was scored as "traversable" if a path existed from any point on the periphery of the field to a point on the approximately opposite periphery that did not cross any stained fibers. Results were compared with reticulin staining and to the existing diagnosis previously determined by histology, hormone immunostaining, and clinical correlation.RESULTS: Adenomas have less type IV collagen in their basement membranes, leading to sparser, trabecular staining in neoplasms versus a more rigid meshwork pattern in normal glands. One might envision the stained fibers as maze walls--one can traverse medium-powered fields in an adenoma, but one hits dead ends and gets trapped in those of a normal gland. Finding a single representative x10 field to be traversable was 97.5% sensitive and 96.5% specific for an adenoma. Reticulin staining yielded identical results.CONCLUSIONS: Type IV collagen immunostaining is a simple and reliable method of diagnosing pituitary adenomas.
|
['Adenoma', 'Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Child', 'Collagen Type IV', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Infant', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pituitary Gland', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Predictive Value of Tests', 'Reticulin']
| 17,550,321
|
[['C04.557.470.035'], ['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['M01.060.406'], ['D12.776.860.300.250.400.100'], ['E01.171'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A06.300.747', 'A06.688.357.750', 'A08.186.211.180.497.352.435.500', 'A08.186.211.200.317.357.352.435.500', 'A08.713.357.750'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['E05.318.370.800.650', 'N05.715.360.325.700.640', 'N06.850.520.445.800.650'], ['D05.750.078.850', 'D12.776.860.823']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
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|
Postoperative D-dimer elevation affects tumor recurrence and the long-term survival in gastric cancer patients who undergo gastrectomy.
|
INTRODUCTION: We retrospectively evaluated the blood coagulation activity using the D-dimer level in the early period after gastrectomy and investigated whether postoperative hypercoagulation affects tumor recurrence and long-term survival in gastric cancer patients.METHODS: The study involved 650 patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer at Kanagawa Cancer Center between July 2009 and July 2013. They were divided into a low-D-dimer group (LD group) and high-D-dimer group (HD group) according to the median D-dimer level on postoperative day (POD) 7. The risk factors for overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) were identified.RESULTS: Of the 448 enrolled patients, 218 were classified into the LD group and 230 into the HD group. The 5-year OS rates after surgery were 90.8% and 81.3% in the LD and HD groups, respectively (p < 0.001). The 5-year RFS rates after surgery were 89.9% and 76.1% in the LD and HD groups, respectively (p < 0.001). A high D-dimer level on POD 7 (? 4.9 ìg/ml) was identified as an independent predictive factor for both the OS (hazard ratio [HR] 1.955, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.158-3.303, p = 0.012) and RFS (HR 2.182, 95% CI 1.327-3.589, p = 0.002). Furthermore, hematological recurrence was significantly more frequent in the HD group than in the LD group (p = 0.014).CONCLUSION: A high D-dimer level on POD 7 may predict tumor recurrence and the long-term survival in patients who undergo gastrectomy for locally advanced gastric cancer. Patients with an elevated postoperative D-dimer level need careful observation and diagnostic imaging to timely detect tumor recurrence.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'Female', 'Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Gastrectomy', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Postoperative Period', 'Proportional Hazards Models', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Stomach Neoplasms', 'Survival Rate']
| 31,865,480
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.124.270.300', 'D12.776.811.300.290'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['E04.210.419'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E05.318.740.500.700', 'E05.318.740.600.700', 'E05.318.740.750.725', 'E05.318.740.998.825', 'E05.599.835.900', 'N05.715.360.750.530.650', 'N05.715.360.750.625.650', 'N05.715.360.750.695.650', 'N05.715.360.750.795.825', 'N06.850.520.830.500.700', 'N06.850.520.830.600.700', 'N06.850.520.830.750.725', 'N06.850.520.830.998.912'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['C04.588.274.476.767', 'C06.301.371.767', 'C06.405.249.767', 'C06.405.748.789'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
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Establishment of time-action profiles for regular and NPH insulin using pharmacodynamic modeling.
|
OBJECTIVE: To provide distinct definitions and quantify the establishment of onset, peak, and duration of action for insulins.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We administered single subcutaneous doses of 10 U regular insulin to 10 volunteer subjects and 25 U NPH insulin to 6 healthy male volunteer subjects on separate occasions. Each dose was given after an overnight fast during a glucose clamp to maintain an euglycemic state. We measured serum insulin concentrations and glucose infusion rates (GIR) from frequent blood sampling after each treatment. Serum insulin concentrations were related to GIR values at each collection time and a counter-clockwise hysteresis resulted. An effect compartment model was used to simultaneously describe the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of each insulin and to resolve the hysteresis.RESULTS: From the resulting relationship, GIR could then be predicted, with onset and duration of action reflecting the time when effect compartment concentrations initially exceeded then declined below a 10% maximum possible effect (Emax) level. Ninety-five percent confidence intervals were constructed allowing a predictive range of values. For regular insulin, a mean onset of 0.75 h, peak of 2 h, and duration of 6 h was estimated. Mean values were also produced with NPH, with an onset of 3 h, peak of 6-7 h, and a duration of 13 h estimated.CONCLUSIONS: This method estimates the onset, peak, and duration of insulin action. Although these estimates were from single doses, we believe they can provide good estimations of insulin activity.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Glucose Clamp Technique', 'Humans', 'Injections, Subcutaneous', 'Insulin', 'Insulin, Isophane', 'Male', 'Models, Biological', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Time Factors']
| 8,112,192
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.225.124.100.350', 'E05.196.500', 'E05.200.124.100.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.300.200', 'D12.644.548.586.200.300.200'], ['E05.599.395'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D12.776.828'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Explorative search of distributed bio-data to answer complex biomedical questions.
|
BACKGROUND: The huge amount of biomedical-molecular data increasingly produced is providing scientists with potentially valuable information. Yet, such data quantity makes difficult to find and extract those data that are most reliable and most related to the biomedical questions to be answered, which are increasingly complex and often involve many different biomedical-molecular aspects. Such questions can be addressed only by comprehensively searching and exploring different types of data, which frequently are ordered and provided by different data sources. Search Computing has been proposed for the management and integration of ranked results from heterogeneous search services. Here, we present its novel application to the explorative search of distributed biomedical-molecular data and the integration of the search results to answer complex biomedical questions.RESULTS: A set of available bioinformatics search services has been modelled and registered in the Search Computing framework, and a Bioinformatics Search Computing application (Bio-SeCo) using such services has been created and made publicly available at http://www.bioinformatics.deib.polimi.it/bio-seco/seco/. It offers an integrated environment which eases search, exploration and ranking-aware combination of heterogeneous data provided by the available registered services, and supplies global results that can support answering complex multi-topic biomedical questions.CONCLUSIONS: By using Bio-SeCo, scientists can explore the very large and very heterogeneous biomedical-molecular data available. They can easily make different explorative search attempts, inspect obtained results, select the most appropriate, expand or refine them and move forward and backward in the construction of a global complex biomedical query on multiple distributed sources that could eventually find the most relevant results. Thus, it provides an extremely useful automated support for exploratory integrated bio search, which is fundamental for Life Science data driven knowledge discovery.
|
['Algorithms', 'Biomedical Technology', 'Computational Biology', 'Genomics', 'High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing', 'Humans', 'Sequence Analysis, DNA']
| 24,564,278
|
[['G17.035', 'L01.224.050'], ['J01.897.120.050'], ['H01.158.273.180', 'L01.313.124'], ['H01.158.273.180.350', 'H01.158.273.343.350'], ['E05.393.760.319'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.393.760.700']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Duration of the first agonist EMG burst in ballistic arm movements.
|
In normal subjects, fast arm movements are accomplished by a diphasic or triphasic EMG activation of the agonist and antagonist muscles. The duration of the first agonist burst (Ag1) has been said to be constant for movements of different size, whilst its amplitude is variable. Previous studies focused on relatively small movements (10-40 degrees). We have studied the behaviour of the Ag1 duration over the full physiological range of wrist and elbow flexion movements in normal subjects. The results showed that the principle of invariance of Ag1 duration was true when small movements of about 15-30 degrees were studied, but when larger movements were made burst length increased. A similar increase in Ag1 burst duration also was seen during movements performed against a load and in contractions made with fatigued muscles. Changes in duration of the Ag1 burst appear to be part of the normal mechanism for increasing the impulsive force provided in rapid contractions.
|
['Adult', 'Elbow', 'Electromyography', 'Humans', 'Movement', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscles', 'Wrist']
| 6,744,037
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A01.378.800.420'], ['E01.370.405.255', 'E01.370.530.255'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G07.568', 'G11.427.410'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['A01.378.800.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Preoperative imaging in patients undergoing trachelectomy for cervical cancer: validation of a combined T2- and diffusion-weighted endovaginal MRI technique at 3.0 T.
|
AIM: The aim of this study is to validate high-resolution endovaginal T2- and diffusion-weighted MRI measurements (tumour size, volume and length of uninvolved cervical canal) against histology in patients undergoing trachelectomy.PATIENTS/INTERVENTIONS: 55 consecutive patients 25-44 years with cervical cancer being considered for trachelectomy were prospectively assessed with endovaginal T2-W and diffusion-weighted MRI. Two independent observers blinded to histology recorded maximum tumour dimension, volume and distance from the superior aspect of the tumour to the internal os. Following trachelectomy, pathologist-outlined tumour sections were photographed with a set scale and similar measurements were recorded.RESULTS: Fifteen of 45 patients subsequently treated with fertility-sparing surgery had residual tumour (median histological volume: 0.28 cm(3), IQR=0.14-1.06 cm(3)). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for detecting tumour: Observer 1: 86.7%, 80.0%, 68.4%, and 92.3%, respectively; Observer 2: 86.7%, 90.0%, 81.0%, and 93.1%, respectively. Size and volume correlated between observers (r=0.96, 0.84, respectively, p<0.0001). Size correlated between each observer and histology (observer 1 r=0.91, p<0.0001; observer 2 r=0.93, p<0.0001), volume did not (observer 1: r=0.08, p=0.6; observer 2: r=0.21, p=0.16); however, differences between observer measurements and histology were not significant (size p=0.09, volume p=0.15). Differences between MRI and histology estimates of endocervical canal length were not significant (p=0.1 both observers).CONCLUSION: In subcentimetre cervical cancers, endovaginal MRI correlates with pathology and is invaluable in assessing patients for fertility-sparing surgery.
|
['Adult', 'Carcinoma', 'Cervix Uteri', 'Cohort Studies', 'Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Female', 'Fertility Preservation', 'Humans', 'Hysterectomy', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Organ Sparing Treatments', 'Preoperative Care', 'Sensitivity and Specificity', 'Tumor Burden', 'Uterine Cervical Neoplasms']
| 24,582,988
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['C04.557.470.200'], ['A05.360.319.679.256'], ['E05.318.372.500.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.150'], ['E02.875.800.625', 'E04.936.537.562', 'E05.820.800.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.950.300.399'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['E02.674'], ['E02.760.795', 'E04.604.750', 'N02.421.585.795'], ['E05.318.370.800', 'E05.318.740.872', 'G17.800', 'N05.715.360.325.700', 'N05.715.360.750.725', 'N06.850.520.445.800', 'N06.850.520.830.872'], ['E05.041.124.892'], ['C04.588.945.418.948.850', 'C13.351.500.852.593.131', 'C13.351.500.852.762.850', 'C13.351.937.418.875.850']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Characterization of the universal stress protein F from atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and its prevalence in Enterobacteriaceae.
|
Atypical enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (aEPEC) are heterogeneous strains in terms of serotypes, adherence patterns and the presence of novel virulence factors. This heterogeneity is intriguing, promoting studies trying to characterize these novel proteins and to better comprehend this pathotype group. In a previous study analyzing low-molecular mass proteomes of four representative aEPEC strains of three different adhesion phenotypes, we classified proteins according to their annotated function, with most of them being involved in metabolism and transport; while some of them were classified as hypothetical proteins. The majority of the hypothetical proteins were homologue products of genes identified in the genome of enterohemorrhagic E. coli. One of the hypothetical proteins was annotated as Z2335, with orthologue in EPEC, and by bioinformatics analysis, this protein was revealed to be the universal stress protein F (UspF). Thus, herein we successfully obtained a recombinant UspF protein from aEPEC, which is a á/â, ATP-binding protein involved in stress response, with comparable protein production among the four studied strains, but showing noteworthy differences when cultivated in different stress conditions, also present in other enterobacterial species, such as Shigella sonnei and Citrobacter freundii. Furthermore, our results confirm that the Usp protein superfamily encompasses a conserved group of proteins involved in stress resistance in aEPEC and other Enterobacteriaceae.
|
['Citrobacter freundii', 'Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Proteins', 'Heat-Shock Proteins', 'Shigella sonnei']
| 27,616,205
|
[['B03.440.450.425.200.275', 'B03.660.250.150.100.210'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300.330', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100.330'], ['D12.776.097.275'], ['D12.776.580.216'], ['B03.440.450.425.850.800', 'B03.660.250.150.730.710']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D with blood pressure in predominantly 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficient Hispanic and African Americans.
|
BACKGROUND: Several observational studies have recently suggested an inverse association of circulating levels of vitamin D with blood pressure. These findings have been based mainly on Caucasian populations; whether this association also exists among Hispanic and African Americans has yet to be definitively determined. This study investigates the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) with blood pressure in Hispanic and African Americans.METHODS: The data source for this study is the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Family Study (IRASFS), which consists of Hispanic- and African-American families from three US recruitment centers (n =1,334). A variance components model was used to analyze the association of plasma 25[OH]D levels with blood pressure.RESULTS: An inverse association was found between 25[OH]D and both systolic (beta for 10 ng/ml difference = -2.05; P < 0.01) and diastolic (beta for 10 ng/ml difference = -1.35; P < 0.001) blood pressure in all populations combined, after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and season of blood draw. Further adjustment for body mass index (BMI) weakened this association (beta for 10 ng/ml difference = -0.94; P = 0.14 and beta for 10 ng/ml difference = -0.64; P = 0.09, respectively).CONCLUSIONS: 25[OH]D levels are significantly inversely associated with blood pressure in Hispanic and African Americans from the IRASFS. However, this association was not significant after adjustment for BMI. Further research is needed to determine the role of BMI in this association. Large, well-designed prospective studies of the effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure may be warranted.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'African Americans', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Atherosclerosis', 'Blood Pressure', 'Body Mass Index', 'Female', 'Hispanic Americans', 'Humans', 'Insulin Resistance', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Motor Activity', 'Phenotype', 'Rural Population', 'Seasons', 'Smoking', 'United States', 'Urban Population', 'Vitamin D', 'Vitamin D Deficiency', 'Young Adult']
| 19,444,222
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.907.137.126.307'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['M01.686.754.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.968.500', 'G07.690.773.984.617'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['G05.695'], ['N01.600.725'], ['G01.910.645.661', 'G16.500.275.071.590', 'N06.230.300.100.250.525'], ['F01.145.805'], ['Z01.107.567.875'], ['N01.600.900'], ['D04.210.500.812.768'], ['C18.654.521.500.133.770'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Practice patterns and family life--a survey of Melbourne medical graduates.
|
To investigate sex differences in the professional achievements and personal life-styles of graduates, a questionnaire survey was conducted. The sample comprised surviving female medical graduates of the University of Melbourne and an equal number of male medical graduates who were matched by year of graduation. The final response rate was 70% (1764 subjects returned questionnaires) and was representative for both age and sex. This article describes the practice patterns and family lives of graduates. Considerable sex-related differences were found in the professional achievements and personal life-styles of the surveyed medical graduates. Women's professional careers tended to be more circumscribed than were those of male colleagues. Women were less involved in areas outside clinical practice such as teaching or lecturing, committees, medical administration, and research and its publication. Female doctors earned significantly (P less than 0.0001) less than did male doctors and were more likely to work as employees, locums or in sessional employment (P less than 0.0001). Women were more involved in all aspects of household activities, especially during midlife (40-60 years of age)--the peak career years for male doctors. The career underachievement of female doctors is likely to continue unless considerable changes are made to current postgraduate training schemes and career structures.
|
['Adult', 'Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Child', 'Child Care', 'Education, Medical, Continuing', 'Employment', 'Family', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Income', 'Life Style', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Personal Satisfaction', 'Physicians, Women', 'Professional Practice', 'Retirement', 'Sampling Studies', 'Sex Factors', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Victoria']
| 2,796,814
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['M01.060.406'], ['I01.880.787.293.360', 'N02.421.088'], ['I02.358.212.350', 'I02.358.399.250'], ['N01.824.245'], ['F01.829.263', 'I01.880.853.150'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N01.824.417'], ['F01.829.458'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.145.677'], ['M01.526.485.810.820', 'M01.975.790', 'N02.360.810.820'], ['N04.452.758'], ['I03.702'], ['E05.318.372.875', 'N05.715.360.330.875', 'N06.850.520.450.875'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['Z01.639.100.992', 'Z01.678.100.373.992']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Heart failure-related hospitalization in the U.S., 1979 to 2004.
|
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine hospitalizations for heart failure in the U.S. during the past 26 years.BACKGROUND: Heart failure increased in the U.S.; however, little is known about the long-term trends in diseases leading to hospitalizations among patients with heart failure.METHODS: Using National Hospital Discharge Survey data from 1979 to 2004, we assessed trends in hospitalizations for heart failure as either a first-listed or additional (2nd to 7th) diagnosis. Among hospitalizations with any mention of heart failure, we assessed the distribution of first-listed diagnoses.RESULTS: The number of hospitalizations with any mention of heart failure tripled from 1,274,000 in 1979 to 3,860,000 in 2004; 65% to 70% of admissions were patients with additional diagnoses of heart failure. Heart failure hospitalization rates increased sharply with age. More than 80% of hospitalizations were among patients of at least 65 years and were paid by Medicare/Medicaid. Age-adjusted hospitalization rates between 1979 and 2004 increased for heart failure as either the first-listed or additional diagnosis. Whereas heart failure was the first-listed diagnosis for 30% to 35% of these hospitalizations, the proportion with respiratory diseases and noncardiovascular, nonrespiratory diseases as the first-listed diagnoses increased. Heart failure hospitalizations that resulted in transfers to long-term care facilities increased, and in-hospital mortality and length of hospital stay declined.CONCLUSIONS: With the increased aging of the U.S. population and advanced therapeutic interventions that improve survival, it is expected that heart failure hospitalizations at older ages and the associated economic burden to Medicare will continue to increase in the future.
|
['Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Female', 'Heart Failure', 'Hospitalization', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Discharge', 'Risk Factors', 'Time Factors', 'United States']
| 18,672,162
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C14.280.434'], ['E02.760.400', 'N02.421.585.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.760.169.125', 'E02.760.400.610', 'N02.421.585.169.125', 'N02.421.585.400.610', 'N04.590.233.727.210.125'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['G01.910.857'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone on ACTH, cortisol and 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin E2 in patients with diabetes insipidus before and after captopril treatment.
|
A corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) test was performed on 7 patients with central diabetes insipidus (DI) and on 7 healthy subjects. The test was repeated on the patients with DI after 3 days of oral treatment with captopril at a dose of 100 mg daily. No significant difference in the responses of plasma ACTH and cortisol to CRH between the patients and the controls was found. The short-term captopril treatment resulted in a significant decrease of both basal and CRH-stimulated ACTH and cortisol levels in the patients with DI. CRH did not induce any changes in the stable metabolite of prostaglandin E2 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin E2 (PGE2-M) in the patients with DI before or after the captopril treatment. The results obtained suggest that vasopressin is not an obligatory factor for a normal ACTH response to CRH. Angiotensin II (A II) is involved in the regulation of ACTH. This study confirmed our previous data showing the lack of any specific effect of CRH on PGE2 production.
|
['Adrenocorticotropic Hormone', 'Adult', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Captopril', 'Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone', 'Diabetes Insipidus', 'Dinoprostone', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Hydrocortisone', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Vasopressins']
| 8,888,355
|
[['D06.472.699.327.935.531.500', 'D06.472.699.631.525.600.531.500', 'D12.644.400.400.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.365.935.531.500', 'D12.644.548.691.525.690.531.500', 'D12.776.631.650.405.935.531.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['D12.125.072.401.623.270'], ['D06.472.699.327.740.140', 'D12.644.400.400.740.140', 'D12.644.548.365.740.140', 'D12.776.631.650.405.740.140'], ['C12.777.419.135', 'C13.351.968.419.135', 'C19.700.159'], ['D10.251.355.255.550.250.200', 'D23.469.050.175.725.250.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.600', 'D06.472.040.585.353.476', 'D06.472.040.585.478.392'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781', 'D12.644.400.900', 'D12.644.456.925', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781', 'D12.776.631.650.937']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
[Prognosis of functional healing of infantile strabismus].
|
One hundred and forth-three patients suffering from infantile strabismus, who had undergone surgery on the horizontal eye muscles between the ages of 0 and 6 years were re-examined with the aim of establishing a correlation between the date of operation and functional healing (binocular single vision in space). In 89 patients (62%) a cosmetically satisfactory result (alignment) was achieved. The number of operations and functional healing (binocular single vision in space). In 89 patients (62%) a cosmetically satisfactory result (alignment) was achieved. The number of operations needed decreased with increasing age. Of the 89 patients with alignment, 61 (69%) were found to have binocular single vision in space, while 13 (15%) patients presented with stereopsis. Impairment of functional results was found to correlate with higher age at the first operation or on the date when alignment was reached for the first time, respectively. In cases with amblyopia or vertical divergences which had received insufficient postoperative treatment, attainment of binocular single vision or, respectively, the stability thereof was impaired. Therefore, with respect to functional healing, early surgical correction of strabismus is only recommended if adequate postoperative conservative and/or surgical after-treatment is assured. The postulate that successful functional healing can only be achieved by operations up to the second year (early surgery) is not supported by our data.
|
['Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Prognosis', 'Strabismus']
| 7,347,788
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E01.789'], ['C10.292.562.887', 'C11.590.810']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
TMPRSS2-ERG fusion co-opts master transcription factors and activates NOTCH signaling in primary prostate cancer.
|
TMPRSS2-ERG (T2E) structural rearrangements typify ?50% of prostate tumors and result in overexpression of the ERG transcription factor. Using chromatin, genomic and expression data, we show distinct cis-regulatory landscapes between T2E-positive and non-T2E primary prostate tumors, which include clusters of regulatory elements (COREs). This difference is mediated by ERG co-option of HOXB13 and FOXA1, implementing a T2E-specific transcriptional profile. We also report a T2E-specific CORE on the structurally rearranged ERG locus arising from spreading of the TMPRSS2 locus pre-existing CORE, assisting in its overexpression. Finally, we show that the T2E-specific cis-regulatory landscape underlies a vulnerability against the NOTCH pathway. Indeed, NOTCH pathway inhibition antagonizes the growth and invasion of T2E-positive prostate cancer cells. Taken together, our work shows that overexpressed ERG co-opts master transcription factors to deploy a unique cis-regulatory landscape, inducing a druggable dependency on NOTCH signaling in T2E-positive prostate tumors.
|
['Cell Line, Tumor', 'Cell Movement', 'Gene Expression Profiling', 'Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic', 'Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha', 'Homeodomain Proteins', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Oncogene Proteins, Fusion', 'Prostatic Neoplasms', 'RNA Interference', 'Receptors, Notch', 'Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid', 'Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription Factors', 'Transcriptional Regulator ERG']
| 28,783,165
|
[['A11.251.210.190', 'A11.251.860.180'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['E05.393.332'], ['G05.308.370'], ['D12.776.260.262.750', 'D12.776.260.950.249.500', 'D12.776.660.352.750', 'D12.776.930.318.750', 'D12.776.930.977.249.500'], ['D12.776.260.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.602.500.500', 'D12.776.624.664.500'], ['C04.588.945.440.770', 'C12.294.260.750', 'C12.294.565.625', 'C12.758.409.750'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['D12.776.543.750.725', 'D12.776.930.770'], ['G02.111.570.080.689', 'G05.360.080.689'], ['E05.393.620.500.725'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['D12.776.930'], ['D12.776.260.755.100', 'D12.776.930.900.625']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Effectiveness of steam sterilization of reusable medical devices in primary and secondary care public hospitals in Nepal and factors associated with ineffective sterilization: A nation-wide cross-sectional study.
|
BACKGROUND: Inadequate sterilization of reusable medical devices can lead to healthcare associated infections (HAIs) through person-to-person or environmental transmission of pathogens. Autoclaving (steam sterilization) is most commonly used for sterilizing medical devices in healthcare facilities. We conducted a nation-wide cross-sectional study to evaluate the effectiveness of steam sterilization practices in primary and secondary care public hospitals in Nepal and to identify factors associated with ineffective sterilization.METHODS: Using a stratified clustered random sampling, 13 primary- and secondary-care public hospitals in Nepal were selected. 189 steam sterilization cycles from these hospitals were evaluated for their effectiveness using self-contained biological indicators, class-5 chemical indicators, autoclave indicator tape and physical parameters. Information about the hospitals and the types of autoclaves being used was also collected. Data were analysed to estimate the proportion of ineffective steam sterilization cycles. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with ineffective sterilization.FINDINGS: In primary and secondary care public hospitals in Nepal, 71.0% (95% CI 46.8% - 87.2%) of the autoclave cycles were ineffective (i.e. showed positive results) when tested with biological indicators and 69.8% (95% CI 44.4% - 87.0%) showed 'reject' results with class 5 chemical indicators. There was no statistically significant difference in proportions showing positive or reject results by hospital types for either biological (p = 0.51) or class 5 chemical (p = 0.87) indicators. Autoclave type and pressure achieved during sterilization were statistically significantly associated with steam sterilization failures, adjusted for holding period, evenness of pressure and barrier system used.CONCLUSION: Primary and secondary care hospitals in Nepal have a high proportion of steam sterilization failure, indicating a risk of person-to-person transmission of pathogens through reusable medical devices. There is an urgent need to improve steam sterilization processes in these hospitals.
|
['Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Equipment Contamination', 'Equipment and Supplies', 'Hospitals, Public', 'Humans', 'Logistic Models', 'Nepal', 'Secondary Care Centers', 'Sterilization']
| 31,751,421
|
[['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['N06.850.540'], ['E07'], ['N02.278.421.510'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['Z01.252.245.674'], ['N02.278.421.745'], ['N06.850.780.200.450.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Inhibition of Atypical Protein Kinase C Reduces Inflammation-Induced Retinal Vascular Permeability.
|
Changes in permeability of retinal blood vessels contribute to macular edema and the pathophysiology of numerous ocular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, retinal vein occlusions, and macular degeneration. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induces retinal permeability and macular thickening in these diseases. However, inflammatory agents, such as tumor necrosis factor-á (TNF-á), also may drive vascular permeability, specifically in patients unresponsive to anti-VEGF therapy. Recent evidence suggests VEGF and TNF-á induce permeability through distinct mechanisms; however, both require the activation of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). We provide evidence, using genetic mouse models and therapeutic intervention with small molecules, that inhibition of aPKC prevented or reduced vascular permeability in animal models of retinal inflammation. Expression of a kinase-dead aPKC transgene, driven by a vascular and hematopoietic restricted promoter, reduced retinal vascular permeability in an ischemia-reperfusion model of retinal injury. This effect was recapitulated with a small-molecule inhibitor of aPKC. Expression of the kinase-dead aPKC transgene dramatically reduced the expression of inflammatory factors and blocked the attraction of inflammatory monocytes and granulocytes after ischemic injury. Coinjection of VEGF with TNF-á was sufficient to induce permeability, edema, and retinal inflammation, and treatment with an aPKC inhibitor prevented VEGF/TNF-á-induced permeability. These data suggest that aPKC contributes to inflammation-driven retinal vascular pathology and may be an attractive target for therapeutic intervention.
|
['Animals', 'Capillary Permeability', 'Male', 'Mice, Inbred C57BL', 'Papilledema', 'Protein Kinase C', 'Rats, Long-Evans', 'Recombinant Proteins', 'Reperfusion Injury', 'Retinal Vessels', 'Retinitis', 'Tight Junctions', 'Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A']
| 30,220,554
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.143.330', 'G09.330.165'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.420', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.420'], ['C10.292.700.900', 'C11.640.710'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.700.725'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.500'], ['D12.776.828'], ['C14.907.725', 'C23.550.767.877'], ['A07.015.611'], ['C11.768.773'], ['A11.284.149.165.420.820'], ['D12.644.276.374.500.800', 'D12.644.276.374.750.626', 'D12.776.124.900', 'D12.776.395.930', 'D12.776.467.374.500.800', 'D12.776.467.374.750.626', 'D23.529.374.500.800', 'D23.529.374.750.626'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Expression of cellular components in granulomatous inflammatory response in Piaractus mesopotamicus model.
|
The present study aimed to describe and characterize the cellular components during the evolution of chronic granulomatous inflammation in the teleost fish pacus (P. mesopotamicus) induced by Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), using S-100, iNOS and cytokeratin antibodies. 50 fish (120±5.0 g) were anesthetized and 45 inoculated with 20 ìL (40 mg/mL) (2.0 x 10(6) CFU/mg) and five inoculated with saline (0,65%) into muscle tissue in the laterodorsal region. To evaluate the inflammatory process, nine fish inoculated with BCG and one control were sampled in five periods: 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 33rd days post-inoculation (DPI). Immunohistochemical examination showed that the marking with anti-S-100 protein and anti-iNOS antibodies was weak, with a diffuse pattern, between the third and seventh DPI. From the 14th to the 33rd day, the marking became stronger and marked the cytoplasm of the macrophages. Positivity for cytokeratin was initially observed in the 14th DPI, and the stronger immunostaining in the 33rd day, period in which the epithelioid cells were more evident and the granuloma was fully formed. Also after the 14th day, a certain degree of cellular organization was observed, due to the arrangement of the macrophages around the inoculated material, with little evidence of edema. The arrangement of the macrophages around the inoculum, the fibroblasts, the lymphocytes and, in most cases, the presence of melanomacrophages formed the granuloma and kept the inoculum isolated in the 33rd DPI. The present study suggested that the granulomatous experimental model using teleost fish P. mesopotamicus presented a similar response to those observed in mammals, confirming its importance for studies of chronic inflammatory reaction.
|
['Animals', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Fishes', 'Granuloma', 'Keratins', 'Muscles', 'Mycobacterium bovis', 'Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II', 'S100 Proteins']
| 25,811,875
|
[['B01.050'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['C15.604.515.292', 'C23.550.382'], ['D05.750.078.593.450', 'D12.776.220.475.450', 'D12.776.860.607'], ['A02.633', 'A10.690'], ['B03.510.024.962.500.402', 'B03.510.460.400.410.552.552.402'], ['D08.811.682.664.500.772.500', 'D12.776.157.687.575', 'D12.776.660.720.575'], ['D12.776.157.125.750', 'D12.776.631.655']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The interface of mental health and human rights in Indigenous peoples: triple jeopardy and triple opportunity.
|
OBJECTIVE: Insufficient understanding of the reciprocal interactions between health and human rights, mental health and human rights and the realization of all human rights by Indigenous peoples constitute a triple jeopardy in how these topics are currently being addressed and/or openly antagonized. This paper will attempt to show how a combined health and human rights approach to mental health in Indigenous peoples can transform a triple jeopardy into a triple opportunity.METHODS: The vast and growing body of literature on mental health, health as a whole, and human rights as these relate to health and to Indigenous peoples will be used to frame the discussion.RESULTS: Attention to the complex interactions of health and human rights can guide policy formulation and action by offering a method of analysis, a process of participatory decision and a framework for accountability. In addition, mental health can find its rightful place in the health and human rights discourse through efforts to help policymakers and practitioners broaden their vision of mental illness to holistically encompass aspects of physical, social, emotional and cultural wellbeing. Finally, connecting the role that rights realization plays in determining health and wellbeing will add power to the rightful claims by Indigenous peoples to the promotion and protection of all their human rights--civil, political, economic, social and cultural. Broadening the research agenda by applying systematically a health and human rights analytical framework to the understanding of social determinants of health would minimize the risk of assigning health outcome merely to behaviours, practices and lifestyles, uncovering structural determinants of holistic health entrenched in policies and governmental conduct.CONCLUSIONS: Building the evidence of the negative impact of human rights violation on health and the negative impact of ill-health on the fulfilment of other human rights can help in designing comprehensive interventions, building on the synergy between the promotion of health and the promotion of rights. A way forward is proposed for which it is essential that work be carried out across ethnic lines and professional boundaries to further advance the claim of Indigenous peoples for better health and greater enjoyment of human rights.
|
['Decision Making', 'Health Policy', 'Human Rights', 'Humans', 'Mental Health', 'Policy Making', 'Population Groups']
| 18,027,129
|
[['F02.463.785.373'], ['I01.655.500.608.400', 'I01.880.604.825.608.400', 'N03.623.500.608.428'], ['I01.880.604.473', 'N03.706.437'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.418', 'N01.400.500'], ['N03.706.742'], ['M01.686', 'N01.224.708']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Selective cytokine production by epithelial cells following exposure to Escherichia coli.
|
This study compared the repertoire of cytokines produced by epithelial cell lines and human peripheral blood monocytes in response to Escherichia coli. The A-498 and J82 urinary tract epithelial cell lines and human peripheral blood monocytes were exposed to E. coli Hu734. The cytokine content of single cells was detected by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies to interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), TNF-beta, IL-6, IL-8, and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor, and the number of positive cells was used to quantitate the response. The J82 bladder cell line stained positive for IL-6, IL-8, and IL-1 alpha. The IL-8 and IL-6 response peaked at 2 h, while the number of IL-1 alpha-positive cells reached a peak 6 h after E. coli stimulation. The A-498 kidney cell line stained for IL-8 with a peak at 2 h and IL-6 with a peak at 6 h after E. coli stimulation. Peripheral blood monocytes stained for the cytokines IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-alpha but not for TNF-beta and granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor after stimulation with E. coli. The results demonstrated that bacteria activated a cytokine response in the epithelial cell lines and monocytes. The epithelial cell lines had a more limited cytokine response profile than circulating monocytes, which may serve to limit the consequences of microbial exposure at the mucosal surface and help maintain the integrity of other tissue compartments.
|
['Adult', 'Cell Line', 'Cytokines', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Epithelium', 'Escherichia coli', 'Fluorescent Antibody Technique', 'Humans', 'Kidney', 'Monocytes', 'Neutrophils', 'Urinary Bladder']
| 8,423,089
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['A11.436'], ['A10.272'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512.240', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512.240', 'E05.200.500.607.512.240', 'E05.200.750.551.512.240', 'E05.478.583.375'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['A05.810.453'], ['A11.118.637.555.652', 'A11.148.580', 'A11.627.624', 'A11.733.547', 'A15.145.229.637.555.652', 'A15.378.316.580', 'A15.382.490.555.652', 'A15.382.670.547', 'A15.382.680.547'], ['A11.118.637.415.583', 'A11.627.340.583', 'A11.733.689', 'A15.145.229.637.415.583', 'A15.382.490.315.583', 'A15.382.680.689'], ['A05.810.890']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
TTF1-positive Papillary Epithelial Tumor of Pituitary: An Epithelial Variant of Pituicytoma?
|
Low-grade epithelial tumor of pituitary region with dominant papillary architecture is extremely rare. We describe a case of 20-year female who had a recurrent nonfunctioning pituitary tumor. Histologic examination revealed a low-grade epithelial tumor with predominant papillary architecture, lined by cuboidal to columnar epithelial cells. The tumor cells were immunpositive for cytokeratin (CK), CK7, epithelial membrane antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen and showed diffuse and strong nuclear positivity for thyroid transcription factor 1. They were negative for neuroendocrine markers and pituitary hormones. Ki-67 proliferation index was low (1%). Ultrastructural examination revealed presence of microvilli, intercellular tight junctions, and keratin filaments within the tumor cells and lack of neurosecretory granules. No lesion was identified in thyroid or lung on systemic evaluation. On the basis of the morphology, immunophenotype, ultrastructural findings, and diffuse thyroid transcription factor 1 positivity, this tumor may represent an epithelial variant of pituicytoma with dominant papillary architecture. This type of differentiation is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge, has not been described previously in the literature.
|
['Adult', 'Biomarkers, Tumor', 'DNA-Binding Proteins', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Neoplasm Proteins', 'Pituitary Hormones', 'Pituitary Neoplasms', 'Transcription Factors']
| 31,809,313
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.101.140'], ['D12.776.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.776.624'], ['D06.472.699.631', 'D12.644.548.691'], ['C04.588.322.609', 'C04.588.614.250.195.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.211.885.500.600', 'C10.228.140.617.477.600', 'C10.228.140.617.738.675', 'C10.551.240.250.700.500.500', 'C19.344.609', 'C19.700.734'], ['D12.776.930']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Development of geniculocortical projections to visual cortex in rat: evidence early ingrowth and synaptogenesis.
|
Anterograde movement of DiI and transneuronal transport of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) were used to study the temporal and laminar patterns of ingrowth of the geniculocortical projection to visual cortex in fetal and postnatal rats. The development of this projection was compared to patterns of migration and settling of [3H]-thymidine-labeled neurons destined for cortical layer IV, and to geniculocortical synapse formation. DiI-labeled geniculocortical axons were found in the intermediate zone beneath the lateral cerebral mantle at embryonic day (E)17 and in the subplate layer underlying visual cortex by E18. On E19 they appeared to accumulate and grow radially into an expanding subplate layer and into the deep part of developing cortical layer VI. By postnatal day (P)0, DiI or WGA-HRP-labeled geniculocortical axons were found in developing cortical layers VI and V. By P1, they invaded the deep portion of the cell-dense cortical plate, where they were in position to make initial contact with neurons that would later form layer IV. A few axons traversed the cortical plate to reach the marginal zone. Layer IV became an identifiable layer on P2, and a clear projection to layer IV was evident by P3. These results suggest that geniculocortical afferents grow continuously from the intermediate zone, initially into an expanding subplate layer and then sequentially into each of the developing cortical layers without evidence of "waiting." Electron microscopic data suggest that geniculocortical axons begin to form immature synapses with dendrites and neuronal perikarya as they first encounter cortical neurons, first in the subplate layer and then in developing layers VI, V and marginal zone, in addition to the primary target layer IV. The precise targeting and overall temporal and laminar patterns of ingrowth and synaptogenesis suggest that geniculocortical axons are directed to the visual cortex by guidance cues within the internal capsule and subplate. Further, they reach the occipital pole early enough to influence the specification and histogenesis of cortical area 17, perhaps by exerting an influence on the deep-to-superficial "wave" of neuronal differentiation in sequentially developing subplate and cortical layers VI, V and IV.
|
['Afferent Pathways', 'Animals', 'Animals, Newborn', 'Axons', 'Carbocyanines', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Geniculate Bodies', 'Horseradish Peroxidase', 'Neural Pathways', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Synapses', 'Visual Cortex', 'Wheat Germ Agglutinin-Horseradish Peroxidase Conjugate', 'Wheat Germ Agglutinins']
| 7,691,903
|
[['A08.612.220'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.282'], ['A08.675.542.145', 'A11.284.180.075', 'A11.671.137', 'A11.671.501.145'], ['D02.455.326.397.300'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['A08.186.211.200.317.826.701.444'], ['D08.811.682.732.512'], ['A08.612'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780'], ['A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.571.735', 'A08.186.211.200.885.287.500.814.953'], ['D08.811.682.732.512.900', 'D12.776.503.499.968.900', 'D12.776.765.678.968.900'], ['D12.776.503.499.968', 'D12.776.765.678.968']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Understanding the binding mode and function of BMS-488043 against HIV-1 viral entry.
|
A recently discovered small-molecule inhibitor, BMS-488043 (BMS-488), for the invasion of Human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1), shows a high activity against the entry of diversified HIV-1. Docking and molecular dynamic studies have been carried out to understand the binding mode of BMS-488 to gp120 as well as the effect of the small molecule on the conformational change of gp120 induced by CD4 binding. The results indicate that BMS-488 can accommodate in the CD4 binding pocket and interfere the CD4 binding in a noncompetitive mode. The piperazine group of BMS-488 prevents the bridging sheet formation of gp120 induced by the CD4 binding mainly through blocking the rotation of the Trp112 located on the á1 helix of gp120. The bridging sheet formation cannot be blocked for the W112A mutant of gp120 due to the reduced steric hindrance, in agreement with its significant resistance to the BMS inhibitor. The aza-indole ring is likely to interfere the exposure of gp41 by stacking within the â3-â5 and LB loops to disrupt the close packing of Pro212-His66-Phe210. The mode of action of BMS-488 also accommodates many mutagenesis results related to BMS-488 activity.
|
['CD4 Antigens', 'HIV Envelope Protein gp120', 'HIV Fusion Inhibitors', 'HIV Infections', 'HIV-1', 'Humans', 'Indoles', 'Molecular Dynamics Simulation', 'Piperazines', 'Protein Binding', 'Protein Conformation', 'Pyruvic Acid', 'Virus Internalization']
| 21,465,559
|
[['D12.776.543.750.705.852.420.810.500', 'D12.776.543.750.830.700.025', 'D23.050.301.264.894.100', 'D23.101.100.894.100'], ['D12.776.964.775.325.164.249', 'D12.776.964.775.562.500.500', 'D12.776.964.970.880.325.164.249', 'D23.050.327.520.350'], ['D27.505.519.957.500', 'D27.505.954.122.388.077.088.209', 'D27.505.954.122.388.538.500'], ['C01.221.250.875', 'C01.221.812.640.400', 'C01.778.640.400', 'C01.925.782.815.616.400', 'C01.925.813.400', 'C20.673.480'], ['B04.820.650.589.650.350.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.633.100.473'], ['E05.599.595.500', 'G02.111.570.895', 'L01.224.160.500'], ['D03.383.606'], ['G02.111.679', 'G03.808'], ['G02.111.570.820.709'], ['D02.241.755.812.800'], ['G06.920.881']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The most common chromosome aberration detected by high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is not seen in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma.
|
We analyzed genetic changes in condylomas (four cases), vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia I-III (VIN I-III, eleven cases), and primary vulvar squamous cell carcinomas (VSCC, ten cases) by high-resolution comparative genomic hybridization (HR-CGH) and flowcytometry. All samples were also human papilloma virus (HPV)-genotyped. Gain of chromosome 1, the aberration most often seen in VIN III (67%), was not seen in HPV-positive or -negative VSCCs (0%). Both VIN III and VSCC frequently showed gain of 3q (56 and 70%, respectively). The VIN III samples often demonstrated gain of 20q (56%) and 20p (44%), and the VSCC samples gain of 8q (60%), loss of 3p (50%), and 8p (40%). None of the four most frequent changes in the VSCC samples occurred exclusively in the HPV-positive or -negative samples. As expected, we did not find any cytogenetic changes in condylomas and nearly any changes in VIN I-II.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aneuploidy', 'Carcinoma in Situ', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Chromosome Aberrations', 'Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1', 'Condylomata Acuminata', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Genotype', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Middle Aged', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Papillomaviridae', 'Papillomavirus Infections', 'Trisomy', 'Vulvar Neoplasms']
| 15,218,240
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['C23.550.210.050', 'G05.365.590.175.050', 'G05.700.131'], ['C04.557.470.200.240'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C23.550.210', 'G05.365.590.175'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.235.240', 'G05.360.162.520.300.235.240'], ['C01.221.812.640.220', 'C01.778.640.220', 'C01.925.256.650.810.217', 'C01.925.813.220', 'C01.925.825.810.110', 'C01.925.928.914.217', 'C17.800.838.790.810.110'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['G05.380'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['B04.280.210.655', 'B04.613.204.655'], ['C01.925.256.650', 'C01.925.928.725'], ['C23.550.210.050.750', 'C23.550.210.182.500', 'G05.365.590.175.050.750', 'G05.365.590.175.183.500', 'G05.700.131.750'], ['C04.588.945.418.968', 'C13.351.500.944.819', 'C13.351.937.418.968']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Isobavachalcone and bavachinin from Psoraleae Fructus modulate Aâ42 aggregation process through different mechanisms in vitro.
|
Spontaneous aggregation of Aâ is a key factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease. In searching for Aâ aggregation inhibitors from traditional Chinese herbal medicines, we identified two active compounds from Psoraleae Fructus, namely isobavachalcone and bavachinin. We further demonstrated that the two compounds modulate Aâ42 aggregation process through different mechanisms. Isobavachalcone significantly inhibits both oligomerization and fibrillization of Aâ42, whereas bavachinin inhibits fibrillization and leads to off-pathway aggregation. Both of the compounds attenuated Aâ42-induced toxicity in a SH-SY5Y cell model. These findings may provide valuable information for new drug development and Alzheimer's therapy in the future.
|
['Amyloid beta-Peptides', 'Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'Chalcones', 'Drugs, Chinese Herbal', 'Flavonoids', 'Fruit', 'Humans', 'Peptide Fragments', 'Protein Multimerization', 'Psoralea']
| 23,907,009
|
[['D12.644.024', 'D12.776.049.407.249.500', 'D12.776.543.039.500'], ['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['D02.522.818.222', 'D03.383.663.283.266.450.221', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450.221'], ['D20.215.784.500.350', 'D26.335'], ['D03.383.663.283.266.450', 'D03.633.100.150.266.450'], ['A18.024.500', 'G07.203.300.562', 'J02.500.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.541'], ['G02.111.694'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.401.710']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Two linear rules relate the latencies of visual responses to their critical durations.
|
The latency of a neural response sets a limit on its critical duration since stimulation delivered after a response has already occurred can no longer affect that response. However, this tautologic upper limit does not uniquely define the critical duration. Intracellular recordings from the lateral eye of Limulus yield two linear rules which empirically relate the critical duration of a neural response to its latency: When response magnitude (peak amplitude, spike frequency) is used to construct the temporal summation function, the critical duration is equal to the latency minus a constant. When response latency is used instead, the critical duration of the response latency is equal to the latency divided by a constant.
|
['Animals', 'Horseshoe Crabs', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Optic Nerve', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Photoreceptor Cells', 'Reaction Time', 'Recruitment, Neurophysiological', 'Retina', 'Visual Perception']
| 705,352
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.500.131.450'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['A08.800.800.120.680'], ['E05.723.729'], ['A08.675.650.850.625', 'A08.675.650.915.937', 'A08.800.950.937', 'A09.371.729.831.625', 'A11.671.650.850.625', 'A11.671.650.915.937'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['G07.265.753.760', 'G11.561.601.760'], ['A09.371.729'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium contents of human milk during early lactation.
|
Early milk samples from 102 American mothers were examined for Ca, P, and Mg contents in relation to stage of lactation, intake of prenatal mineral supplements, maternal age, parity, and previous history of lactation. A total of 415 samples were collected at three stages of lactation: early transitional (4-7 days postpartum); transitional (10-14 days postpartum); and mature (30-45 days postpartum). No diurnal variations in element concentrations were observed in representative samples of late evening (PM) and early morning (AM) feedings collected during the transitional and mature stages. The mean concentrations for the major elements were highest in early transitional milk and in some cases decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) as lactation progressed. Ca, P, and Mg contents (means +/- SEM) were 26.3 +/- 0.6, 14.6 +/- 0.4, 5.3 +/- 0.1 mg/100 g in early transitional milk and 26.2 +/- 0.5, 13.3 +/- 0.3, and 5.0 +/- 0.1 in mature milk, respectively. Increasing uniformity in the elemental content of milk was noted among the mothers as lactation became established. No significant relationship was found between intake of dietary supplements containing Ca and Mg and levels of these elements in milk. Also, no significant correlations were found between maternal age, parity, or previous history of lactation and the elemental content of milk. From these data, it was estimated that fully breast-fed infants would receive approximately 33, 18, and 6.5 mg/kg/day of Ca, P, and Mg, respectively, during the neonatal period.
|
['Calcium', 'Circadian Rhythm', 'Female', 'Food, Fortified', 'Humans', 'Lactation', 'Magnesium', 'Maternal Age', 'Milk, Human', 'Parity', 'Phosphorus', 'Pregnancy', 'Time Factors']
| 6,683,754
|
[['D01.268.552.100', 'D01.552.539.288', 'D23.119.100'], ['G07.180.562.190'], ['G07.203.300.515', 'J02.500.515'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G08.686.523', 'G08.686.702.500'], ['D01.268.552.437', 'D01.268.557.500', 'D01.552.547.500'], ['G08.686.560', 'N05.715.350.075.550', 'N06.850.490.250.550'], ['A12.200.467', 'A12.790.500', 'G07.203.100.700.500', 'G07.203.300.350.525.500', 'J02.200.700.500', 'J02.500.350.525.500'], ['G08.686.677', 'G08.686.784.769.472', 'N06.850.490.812.600'], ['D01.268.666'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Biological regeneration of manganese (IV) and iron (III) for anaerobic metal oxide-mediated removal of pharmaceuticals from water.
|
Applying manganese(IV)- or iron(III)-(hydr)oxides to remove pharmaceuticals from water could be attractive, due to the capacity of these metal oxides to remove pharmaceuticals and be regenerated. As pharmaceutical removal under anaerobic conditions is foreseen, Mn(IV) or Fe(III) regeneration under anaerobic conditions, or with minimum oxygen dosage, is preferred. In this study, batch experiments are performed to investigate (1) Mn(IV) and Fe(III) regeneration from Mn(II) and Fe(II); (2) the pharmaceutical removal during biological Mn(IV) and Fe(III) regeneration; and (3) anaerobic abiotic pharmaceutical removal with different Mn(IV) or Fe(III) species. Results show that biological re-oxidation of reduced Mn(II) to Mn(IV) occurs under oxygen-limiting conditions. Biological re-oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III) is obtained with nitrate under anaerobic conditions. Both bio-regenerated Mn(IV)-oxides and Fe(III)-hydroxides are amorphous. The pharmaceutical removal is insignificant by Mn(II)- or Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria during regeneration. Finally, pharmaceutical removal is investigated with various Mn(IV) and Fe(III) sources. Anaerobic abiotic removal using Mn(IV) produced from drinking water treatment plants results in 23% metoprolol and 44% propranolol removal, similar to chemically synthesized Mn(IV). In contrast, Fe(III) from drinking water treatment plants outperformed chemically or biologically synthesized Fe(III); Fe (III) from drinking water treatment can remove 31-43% of propranolol via anaerobic abiotic process. In addition, one of the Fe(III)-based sorbents tested, FerroSorp®RW, can also remove propranolol (20-25%). Biological regeneration of Mn(IV) and Fe(III) from the reduced species Mn(II) and Fe(II) could be more effective in terms of cost and treatment efficiency.
|
['Anaerobiosis', 'Ferric Compounds', 'Manganese Compounds', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Oxides', 'Pharmaceutical Preparations', 'Water Pollutants, Chemical', 'Water Purification']
| 29,864,703
|
[['G02.111.062', 'G03.078'], ['D01.490.100'], ['D01.530'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['D01.248.497.158.685', 'D01.650.550'], ['D26'], ['D27.888.284.903.655'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900.900']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Distribution of RNA editing sites in Oenothera mitochondrial mRNAs and rRNAs.
|
To investigate whether RNA editing in plant mitochondria modifies structural RNAs as well as protein-coding RNAs we compared the genomic-encoded information with the respective transcripts of several genes in Oenothera. The genes analysed are the 5S, 18S and 26 S rRNAs, the alpha-subunit of ATPase (atpA), cytochrome b (cytb), orfB, which is located upstream of cytochrome oxidase subunit III, and the respective leader, trailer and spacer sequences. All open reading frames were found to be edited to some degree. The atpA coding region has the least edited mRNA in Oenothera mitochondria, with only four nucleotides altered in the 1533 nucleotide open reading frame. From this analysis we conclude that frequent RNA editing is indicative of functional protein coding regions in plant mitochondria. The extensive editing in orfB, for example, suggests that this orf codes for a mitochondrial protein. No RNA editing event was found in the 5S rRNA or in the 1824 nucleotides analysed of the 18S rRNA, but two nucleotides were found to be altered in the 1970 nucleotides compared for the 26S rRNA. One nucleotide alteration has changed C to U, the other in reverse U to C. However, only one of five cDNA clones covering this region shows the modifications, similar to many silent editing events in open reading frames. RNA editing in the structural RNAs thus does not seem to be essential for their function in the mitochondrial ribosome.
|
['Adenosine Triphosphatases', 'Amino Acid Sequence', 'Base Sequence', 'Cytochrome b Group', 'DNA', 'Electron Transport Complex IV', 'Mitochondria', 'Molecular Sequence Data', 'Open Reading Frames', 'Plants', 'RNA', 'RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional', 'RNA, Mitochondrial', 'RNA, Ribosomal', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 18S', 'RNA, Ribosomal, 5S']
| 1,725,505
|
[['D08.811.277.040.025'], ['G02.111.570.060', 'L01.453.245.667.060'], ['G02.111.570.080', 'G05.360.080', 'L01.453.245.667.080'], ['D08.244.187', 'D12.776.422.220.187'], ['D13.444.308'], ['D05.500.562.374', 'D08.811.600.250.687', 'D08.811.682.285', 'D12.776.157.530.450.250.875.304', 'D12.776.543.277.687', 'D12.776.543.585.450.250.875.484'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['L01.453.245.667'], ['G05.360.335.760.640', 'G05.360.340.024.340.137.650'], ['B01.650'], ['D13.444.735'], ['G02.111.760', 'G03.839', 'G05.308.700'], ['D13.444.735.580'], ['D13.444.735.686'], ['D13.444.735.686.675'], ['D13.444.735.686.650']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Variable threshold as a model for selective attention, (de)sensitization, and anesthesia in associative neural networks.
|
We study the influence of a variable neuronal threshold on fixed points and convergence rates of an associative neural network in the presence of noise. We allow a random distribution in the activity levels of the patterns stored, and a modification to the standard Hebbian learning rule is proposed for this purpose. There is a threshold at which the retrieval ability, including the average final overlap and the convergence rate, is optimized for patterns with a particular activity level at a given noise level. This type of selective attention to one class of patterns with a certain activity level may be obtained at the cost of reducing the retrieval ability of the network for patterns with different activity levels. The effects of a constant threshold independent of noise, time, and pattern are discussed. For high-(low-) activity patterns, the average final overlap is shown to be increased at high noise levels and decreased at low noise levels by a negative (positive) constant threshold, whereas a positive (negative) threshold always reduces the final average overlap. When the magnitude of the constant threshold exceeds a critical value, there is no retrieval. Rates of convergence towards the stored pattern with negative (positive) thresholds are greater than those with positive (negative) thresholds. These results are related to (de)sensitization and anesthesia. For certain threshold values and patterns with certain activity levels, hysteresis appears in the plot of the average final overlap versus the noise level, even for first order interactions. We make the analogy between the pattern-dependent neuronal threshold proposed in the present paper and the "task-related" modulation in neuronal excitability determined by cognitive factors, such as the attentional state of a higher animal. A constant threshold is associated with overall changes in neuronal excitability caused, e.g., by various drugs and physical injuries. Neurophysiological evidence of a dynamically variable neuronal threshold, such as accommodation and potentiation, is presented.
|
['Anesthesia', 'Animals', 'Attention', 'Humans', 'Learning', 'Mathematics', 'Models, Neurological', 'Neurons', 'Probability', 'Synapses']
| 2,004,134
|
[['E03.155'], ['B01.050'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F02.463.425', 'F02.784.629.529'], ['H01.548'], ['E05.599.395.642'], ['A08.675', 'A11.671'], ['E05.318.740.600', 'G17.680', 'N05.715.360.750.625', 'N06.850.520.830.600'], ['A08.850', 'A11.284.149.165.420.780']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Application of vasopressin radioimmunoassay to clinical study: role of vasopressin in hypo- and hypernatremia and some other disorders of water metabolism.
|
Plasma and urinary arginine vasopressin (AVP) in normal subjects and in patients with various water metabolism disorders was measured using a sensitive, specific radioimmunoassay. The AVP plasma levels in normal subjects were 3.1 +/- 1.2 pg/ml. The parallel changes in plasma osmolality, plasma AVP concentration, and urinary osmolality were observed after water load. In patients with various kinds of hyponatremia and impaired water excretion, plasma AVP concentrations were within or over normal levels, suggesting that persistent secretion of AVP may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hyponatremia. Variable levels of plasma AVP were observed in patients with essential hypernatremia, which in turn suggested that osmoreceptors may be selectively damaged in some patients, and that ADH-secreting neurons are also involved in others. Our radioimmunoassay facility made it possible for us to measure plasma and urinary DDAVP in the treatment of diabetes insipidus.
|
['Adrenal Insufficiency', 'Adult', 'Animals', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Ascites', 'Diabetes Insipidus', 'Dogs', 'Edema', 'Humans', 'Hypernatremia', 'Hyponatremia', 'Hypotension, Orthostatic', 'Infant', 'Neoplasms', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Radioimmunoassay', 'Vasopressins', 'Water']
| 668,388
|
[['C19.053.500'], ['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['C23.550.081'], ['C12.777.419.135', 'C13.351.968.419.135', 'C19.700.159'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['C23.888.277'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.950.452'], ['C18.452.950.620'], ['C10.177.575.600.450', 'C14.907.514.482'], ['M01.060.703'], ['C04'], ['G02.640'], ['E01.370.384.700', 'E05.478.566.639', 'E05.601.470.639'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781', 'D12.644.400.900', 'D12.644.456.925', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781', 'D12.776.631.650.937'], ['D01.045.250.875', 'D01.248.497.158.459.650', 'D01.650.550.925']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Ian4 is required for mitochondrial integrity and T cell survival.
|
Apoptosis is a regulated cell death program controlled by extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways. The intrinsic pathway involves stress signals that activate pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, inducing permeabilization of mitochondria and release of apoptogenic factors. These proteins localize to the outer mitochondrial membrane. Ian4, a mitochondrial outer membrane protein with GTP-binding activity, is normally present in thymocytes, T cells, and B cells. We and others have recently discovered that a mutation in the rat Ian4 gene results in severe T cell lymphopenia that is associated with the expression of autoimmune diabetes. The mechanism by which Ian4 controls T cell homeostasis is unknown. Here we show that the absence of Ian4 in T cells causes mitochondrial dysfunction, increased mitochondrial levels of stress-inducible chaperonins and a leucine-rich protein, and T cell-specific spontaneous apoptosis. T cell activation and caspase 8 inhibition both prevented apoptosis, whereas transfection of T cells with Ian4-specific small interfering RNA recapitulated the apoptotic phenotype. The findings establish Ian4 as a tissue-specific regulator of mitochondrial integrity.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Caspases', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Fragmentation', 'Female', 'GTP-Binding Proteins', 'Male', 'Membrane Potentials', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Mitochondria', 'Mitochondrial Proteins', 'RNA, Small Interfering', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred WF', 'T-Lymphocytes']
| 12,930,893
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D08.811.277.656.262.500.126', 'D08.811.277.656.300.200.126', 'D12.644.360.075.405', 'D12.776.476.075.405'], ['G04.346'], ['G05.200.230'], ['D08.811.277.040.330.300', 'D12.776.157.325'], ['G01.154.535', 'G04.580', 'G07.265.675', 'G11.561.570'], ['D12.776.543'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.564', 'A11.284.835.626'], ['D12.776.575'], ['D13.150.650.700', 'D13.444.735.150.700', 'D13.444.735.790.552.875'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760.360', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400.360'], ['A11.118.637.555.567.569', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.569', 'A15.382.490.555.567.569']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Psychological issues in geriatric oncology.
|
Optimism about improved survival from cancer has increased. However, even with tremendous improvements in screening techniques and treatment, a cancer diagnosis may shatter the dream of a dignified old age for elderly patients. Cancer diagnosis and treatment often produce psychological stresses resulting from the actual symptoms of the disease, as well as the patient and family's perceptions of the disease and its stigma. Concerns related to cancer have particular meaning for aging individuals who undergo these situations in the context of retirement, widowhood, other medical disabilities, and other losses. Today, patients and families are more interested in treatment issues and quality of life, both during and after treatment. In this article we discuss late life depression, anxiety, and delirium and treatments related to elderly patients coping with cancer.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Aging', 'Anxiety', 'Delirium', 'Dementia', 'Depression', 'Female', 'Geriatric Psychiatry', 'Health Services for the Aged', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Mental Health Services', 'Neoplasms']
| 19,761,071
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['G07.345.124'], ['F01.470.132'], ['C10.597.606.337.500', 'C23.888.592.604.339.500', 'F01.700.250.500', 'F03.615.350'], ['C10.228.140.380', 'F03.615.400'], ['F01.145.126.350'], ['F04.096.544.380', 'H02.403.690.260'], ['N02.421.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F04.408', 'N02.421.461'], ['C04']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
A new, automated and accurate in vitro method to quantify endothelial cells attached to vascular prostheses.
|
Over a decade ago the idea of endothelial cell seeding was introduced in an attempt to improve the function of small caliber vascular prostheses. Although endothelial cell seeding is currently being applied clinically, several questions regarding the functional properties of the seeded endothelial cells remain. Evaluation of functional properties of endothelial cells on various types of vascular prostheses can be performed partly in vitro, but it is hampered by the fact that commonly used methods to quantify endothelial cells do not adequately apply to these cells on prosthetic materials. An accurate quantification method is described that is rapidly and easily applicable to endothelial cells attached to vascular prostheses. The method can also be used to quantify endothelial cells attached to culture dishes or microcarriers. Colorless, non-fluorescing, fluorescein-diacetate was used, which was taken up by the attached endothelial cells, and which was then intracellularly converted to yellow fluorescein, emitting green fluorescence. Subsequently, triton-X-100 was applicated to release fluorescein and levels of fluorescence were measured with the automated aperture-defined microvolume (ADM) method, using an inverted fluorescence microscope to which a photometer was connected. The measured level of fluorescence is linearly related to endothelial cell numbers attached to prostheses. The accuracy and the reproducibility of cell countings are high.
|
['Automation', 'Blood Vessel Prosthesis', 'Cell Count', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Endothelium, Vascular', 'Fluoresceins', 'Humans', 'Reproducibility of Results']
| 7,974,363
|
[['J01.897.104'], ['E07.695.110'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['A11.251'], ['A07.015.700.500', 'A10.272.491.355'], ['D02.455.426.779.347', 'D03.633.300.953.275', 'D04.711.347'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.318.370.725', 'E05.337.851', 'N05.715.360.325.685', 'N06.850.520.445.725']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Naltrexone in the short-term decreases antiparkinsonian response to l-Dopa and in the long-term increases dyskinesias in drug-na?ve parkinsonian monkeys.
|
Nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation and levodopa therapy in animal models and in parkinsonian patients are associated with an enhanced opioid transmission in the striatum. The functional role of this increase has always been a subject of debate. In this study two groups of drug-na?ve macaque monkeys with MPTP-induced parkinsonism were treated daily, during four weeks, with l-Dopa alone or l-Dopa plus naltrexone, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist. The improvement of parkinsonism in all animals treated with l-Dopa alone was clearly displayed from the first day of treatment. By contrast, naltrexone co-treatment blocked the antiparkinsonian action of l-Dopa for 7-14 days. As soon as the therapeutical action of l-Dopa appeared in naltrexone-treated monkeys, the magnitude and duration of the antiparkinsonian response were similar in both groups. Furthermore, in animals treated with l-Dopa plus naltrexone the beginning of the therapeutical effect of l-Dopa was accompanied by the appearance of dyskinesias. In this group, the severity of dyskinesias during the third and fourth weeks of treatment was significantly higher than the group treated with l-Dopa alone. The results of the present study demonstrate that in de novo MPTP parkinsonian monkeys antagonizing the action of opioid receptors worsens the motor response to l-Dopa.
|
['1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine', 'Analysis of Variance', 'Animals', 'Antiparkinson Agents', 'Behavior, Animal', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Dyskinesias', 'Female', 'Levodopa', 'Macaca fascicularis', 'Motor Activity', 'Naltrexone', 'Narcotic Antagonists', 'Ovariectomy', 'Parkinsonian Disorders', 'Statistics, Nonparametric', 'Time Factors']
| 15,996,565
|
[['D03.383.725.450'], ['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['B01.050'], ['D27.505.954.427.090.050'], ['F01.145.113'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['C10.228.662.262', 'C10.597.350', 'C23.888.592.350'], ['D02.092.311.200.480', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.175.200.480', 'D12.125.072.050.685.400.500', 'D12.125.072.050.875.130.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.510.520'], ['F01.145.632', 'G11.427.410.698'], ['D03.132.577.249.706.550', 'D03.605.497.750.550', 'D03.633.400.686.750.550', 'D04.615.723.795.706.550'], ['D27.505.696.543', 'D27.505.696.663.850.512', 'D27.505.954.427.550'], ['E04.270.282.685', 'E04.950.165.685', 'E04.950.300.680'], ['C10.228.140.079.862', 'C10.228.662.600'], ['E05.318.740.995', 'N05.715.360.750.760', 'N06.850.520.830.995'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Calcium antagonistic properties of the sesquiterpene T-cadinol: a comparison with nimodipine in the isolated rat aorta.
|
(+)-T-Cadinol is a sesquiterpene with smooth muscle relaxing properties. In the isolated rat aorta, T-cadinol relaxed contractions induced by 60 mM K+ in a concentration-dependent fashion. The dihydropyridine calcium antagonist nimodipine was approximately 4,000 times more potent than T-cadinol. While both drugs nearly abolished the K(+)-induced contractions, they only partially relaxed contractions induced by phenylephrine. The relaxation induced by T-cadinol and nimodipine in K(+)-contracted aortic rings, was completely reversed by the calcium channel activator Bay K8644. In aortic preparations partially depolarized by 20 mM K+, Bay K8644 induced a concentration-dependent contraction. Nimodipine shifted the Bay K8644 concentration-response curve to the right in a parallel manner, consistent with a competitive mode of inhibition. T-cadinol at concentrations less than 10(-3.5) M also produced a right-ward shift of the Bay K8644 concentration-response curve with a maintained maximum response. However, the highest T-cadinol concentration used 10(-3.5 M) significantly reduced the maximum response. In conclusion, although T-cadinol and nimodipine display marked structural differences, their pharmacological profiles of action have several features in common, suggesting that T-cadinol is a calcium antagonist, possibly interacting with the dihydropyridine binding sites on the calcium channels.
|
['3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester', 'Animals', 'Aorta', 'Calcium Channel Blockers', 'Muscle Contraction', 'Muscle, Smooth, Vascular', 'Nimodipine', 'Rats', 'Rats, Inbred Strains', 'Sesquiterpenes']
| 1,724,563
|
[['D03.383.725.203.600', 'D03.383.725.547.900'], ['B01.050'], ['A07.015.114.056'], ['D27.505.519.562.249', 'D27.505.696.260.500', 'D27.505.954.411.192'], ['G11.427.494'], ['A02.633.570.491', 'A07.015.733.500', 'A10.690.467.491'], ['D03.383.725.203.570', 'D03.383.725.547.570'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.760', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.400'], ['D02.455.849.765']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Wound repair and proliferation of bronchial epithelial cells regulated by CTNNAL1.
|
Adhesion molecules play vital roles in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) or airway inflammation. Our previous study indicated that adhesion molecule catenin alpha-like 1 (CTNNAL1) is relevant closely to asthma susceptibility, but its biological function or significance is still unclear. In the present study, we observed the temporal and spatial distribution of CTNNAL1 expression in mouse lung tissue with the OVA-sensitized asthma model and found that the level of CTNNAL1 mRNA showed a prominent negative correlation with pulmonary resistance (R(L)). To study the function of CTNNAL1 in airway, effects of CTNNAL1 on proliferation and wound repair activity of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) was investigated with antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) technique. The results showed that: (1) CTNNAL1 ASO could decelerate the repairing velocity and proliferation of HBEC; (2) CTNNAL1 expression was increased on the edge cells of mechanic wounded area in culture; (3) extracellular matrix component fibronectin (Fn) obviously promoted wound repair activity and proliferation of HBEC, which could be blocked by CTNNAL1 ASO; (4) Western blot showed that Fn could promote FAK phosphorylation, which also be inhibited by CTNNAL1 ASO. In conclusion, the level of CTNNAL1 mRNA expression is highly correlated to airway resistance; CTNNAL1 may contribute to the wound repair and proliferation of HBEC. Furthermore, it may serve to Fn mediated cell-extracellular adhesion and its signal transduction.
|
['Airway Resistance', 'Animals', 'Asthma', 'Bronchi', 'Cell Adhesion', 'Cell Movement', 'Cell Proliferation', 'Cells, Cultured', 'Cytoskeletal Proteins', 'Disease Models, Animal', 'Epithelial Cells', 'Fibronectins', 'Focal Adhesion Kinase 1', 'Gene Expression', 'Humans', 'Mice', 'Mice, Inbred BALB C', 'Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense', 'RNA, Messenger', 'Random Allocation', 'Signal Transduction', 'Transcription, Genetic', 'Wound Healing', 'alpha Catenin']
| 17,647,259
|
[['E01.370.386.700.050', 'G09.772.060'], ['B01.050'], ['C08.127.108', 'C08.381.495.108', 'C08.674.095', 'C20.543.480.680.095'], ['A04.411.125'], ['G04.022'], ['G04.198', 'G07.568.500.180'], ['G04.161.750', 'G07.345.249.410.750'], ['A11.251'], ['D12.776.220'], ['C22.232', 'E05.598.500', 'E05.599.395.080'], ['A11.436'], ['D12.776.377.715.390', 'D12.776.395.550.350', 'D12.776.543.550.350', 'D12.776.860.300.450'], ['D08.811.913.696.620.682.725.049.500', 'D12.776.744.493'], ['G05.297'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['B01.050.050.199.520.520.338', 'B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500.400.338'], ['D13.150.200.640', 'D13.150.480.640', 'D13.444.308.150.640', 'D13.444.600.150.200.640', 'D13.444.600.150.640.640', 'D13.695.578.424.480.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.200.640', 'D27.720.470.530.600.150.640.640'], ['D13.444.735.544'], ['E05.318.370.700', 'E05.581.500.805', 'N05.715.360.325.675', 'N06.850.520.445.700'], ['G02.111.820', 'G04.835'], ['G02.111.873', 'G05.297.700'], ['G16.762.891'], ['D12.776.220.145.249']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
Clinically determined type of 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose uptake as an alternative prognostic marker in resectable pancreatic cancer.
|
PURPOSE: To investigate the association between clinical PET (positron emission tomography) type and oncologic outcome in resectable pancreatic cancer.METHODS: Between January 2008 and October 2012, patients who underwent potentially curative resection for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma without neoadjuvant treatment were retrospectively investigated. Clinical PET type was defined as follows: pancreatic cancer with similar 18FDG uptake to renal calyx was determined as kidney-type (K-type), and relatively lower 18FDG uptake than that of renal calyx was regarded as Non-K type.RESULTS: A total of 53 patients were enrolled. After agreement-based reclassification, agreement based K-type (aK-type) was noted in 34 patients (64.2%), and agreement based Non-K type (aNon K-type) was found in 19 patients (35.8%). There was a significant difference between aK-type and aNon K-type pancreatic cancer (tumor size (P = 0.030), adjusted CA 19-9 (P = 0.007), maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax,P<0.001), metabolic tumor volume (MTV2.5, P<0.001), total lesion glycolysis (TLG, P<0.001)). K-type pancreatic cancer (n = 31) showed a significantly shorter disease-free time compared with Non-K type (n = 16) (10.8 vs. 24.1 months, P = 0.013). It was also noted that aK-type showed inferior disease-free survival to that of aNon-K type pancreatic cancer (11.9 vs. 28.6 months, P = 0.012).CONCLUSIONS: Clinical PET type is a reliable clinical marker to estimate aggressive tumor biology and can be utilized in predicting tumor recurrence and necessity for postoperative chemotherapy.
|
['Aged', 'Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal', 'Disease-Free Survival', 'Female', 'Fluorodeoxyglucose F18', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Pancreatectomy', 'Pancreatic Neoplasms', 'Positron-Emission Tomography', 'Prognosis', 'Radiopharmaceuticals', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Tumor Burden']
| 28,235,029
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C04.557.470.200.025.232.750', 'C04.557.470.615.132.750', 'C04.588.274.761.750', 'C04.588.322.475.750', 'C06.301.761.750', 'C06.689.667.625', 'C19.344.421.750'], ['E01.789.800.190', 'E05.318.740.998.300', 'N04.761.559.590.800.190', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800.190', 'N05.715.360.750.795.300', 'N06.850.520.830.998.300'], ['D09.254.229.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.210.752'], ['C04.588.274.761', 'C04.588.322.475', 'C06.301.761', 'C06.689.667', 'C19.344.421'], ['E01.370.350.350.800.700', 'E01.370.350.600.350.800.399', 'E01.370.350.710.800.399', 'E01.370.350.825.800.399', 'E01.370.384.730.800.399'], ['E01.789'], ['D27.505.259.843', 'D27.505.519.871', 'D27.720.470.410.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.041.124.892']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
3,3'-bimorpholine derivatives as a new class of organocatalysts for asymmetric Michael addition.
|
New N-alkyl-3,3'-bimorpholine derivatives (iPBM) were revealed to be efficient organocatalysts for the asymmetric direct Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins and a vinyl sulfone. In these transformations using iPBM, 1,4-adducts were afforded in high yields, with good to high levels of diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The stereochemical outcome of the reaction could be explained by an acyclic synclinal model. [reaction: see text]
|
['Aldehydes', 'Alkenes', 'Catalysis', 'Models, Molecular', 'Molecular Structure', 'Morpholines', 'Nitro Compounds', 'Stereoisomerism', 'Vinyl Compounds']
| 16,737,313
|
[['D02.047'], ['D02.455.326.271'], ['G02.130'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.111.570', 'G02.466'], ['D03.383.533.640'], ['D02.640'], ['G02.607.445.682'], ['D02.455.326.271.884']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors Interfering with Delineation on MRCP of Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction in Paediatric Patients.
|
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess factors for delineating the pancreaticobiliary junction in the presence of pediatric congenital choledochal cysts (CCC) using Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP).METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records for 48 patients with CCC was conducted, including demographics, biliary amylase and MRCP findings if available. With univariate and multivariate logistic regression, we measured significant factors affecting pancreaticobiliary maljunction(PBM) diagnoses by MRCP.RESULTS: Of the subjects enrolled with CCC. Twenty-eight cases had PBM according to MRCP. Univariate analysis confirmed that age, cyst diameter > 30 mm and cysts that descended to the introitus pelvis affected junctional delineation and detection of PBM (P<0.05). Stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed large cysts in the introitus pelvis predicted pancreaticobiliary junctional delineation in MRCP and these data agreed with the literature. A correlation between cyst diameter and the length of the common channel was found as was cyst diameter and biliary amylase although there were no significant differences between them.CONCLUSIONS: Age, cyst diameter >30 mm and descending cysts into the introitus pelvis affected junctional delineation of the pancreatic and bile duct in PBM with MRCP. Large cyst descension into the introitus pelvis was an independent factors affecting PBM detection.
|
['Adolescent', 'Age Factors', 'Bile Ducts', 'Child', 'Child, Preschool', 'Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde', 'Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance', 'Choledochal Cyst', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Logistic Models', 'Male', 'Multivariate Analysis', 'Pancreatic Ducts', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors']
| 27,104,956
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['A03.159.183'], ['M01.060.406'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['E01.370.350.700.715.200.200', 'E01.370.372.200.200', 'E01.370.372.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.160', 'E04.502.250.250.160'], ['E01.370.350.825.500.100', 'E01.370.372.207'], ['C04.182.198', 'C06.130.120.127', 'C06.198.184', 'C16.131.314.184'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['E05.318.740.500.525', 'E05.318.740.600.800.450', 'E05.318.740.750.450', 'E05.599.835.875', 'N05.715.360.750.530.480', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.450', 'N05.715.360.750.695.470', 'N06.850.520.830.500.525', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.450', 'N06.850.520.830.750.450'], ['E05.318.740.150.500', 'N05.715.360.750.125.500', 'N06.850.520.830.150.500'], ['A03.734.667'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Novel approach for overcoming the stability challenges of lipid-based excipients. Part 2: Application of polyglycerol esters of fatty acids as hot melt coating excipients.
|
The application of hot melt coating (HMC) as an economic and solvent-free technology is restricted in pharmaceutical development, due to the instable solid-state of HMC excipients resulting in drug release instability. We have previously introduced polyglycerol esters of fatty acids (PGFAs) with stable solid-state (Part 1). In this work we showed a novel application of PGFAs as HMC excipients with stable performance. Three PGFA compounds with a HLB range of 5.1-6.2 were selected for developing immediate-release formulations. The HMC properties were investigated. The viscosity of molten lipids at 100 °C was suitable for atomizing. The DSC data showed the absence of low solidification fractions, thus reduced risk of agglomeration during the coating process. The driving force for crystallization of selected compounds was lower and the heat flow exotherms were broader compared to conventional HMC formulations, indicating a lower energy barrier for nucleation and lower crystallization rate. Lower spray rates and a process temperature close to solidification temperature were desired to provide homogeneous coating. DSC and X-ray diffraction data revealed stable solid state during 6 months storage at 40 °C. API release was directly proportional to HLB and indirectly proportional to crystalline network density and was stable during investigated 3 months. Cytotoxicity was assessed by dehydrogenase activity and no in vitro cytotoxic effect was observed.
|
['Calorimetry, Differential Scanning', 'Chemistry, Pharmaceutical', 'Crystallization', 'Drug Stability', 'Drug Storage', 'Esters', 'Excipients', 'Fatty Acids', 'Glycerol', 'Hot Temperature', 'Lipids', 'Polymers', 'Technology, Pharmaceutical', 'X-Ray Diffraction']
| 31,982,575
|
[['E05.196.131.310', 'E05.196.370.310'], ['H01.158.703.007', 'H01.181.466'], ['E05.196.300', 'G02.171'], ['E05.916.330'], ['E05.916.350'], ['D02.241.400'], ['D26.650.700.419', 'D27.720.744.770.419'], ['D10.251'], ['D02.033.800.875.500', 'D09.853.875.500'], ['G01.906.595.543', 'G16.500.275.063.725.710.380', 'G16.500.750.775.710.380', 'N06.230.300.100.725.232', 'N06.230.300.100.725.710.380'], ['D10'], ['D05.750', 'D25.720', 'J01.637.051.720'], ['E05.916', 'J01.897.836'], ['E05.196.309.742', 'E05.196.822.950', 'G01.867.950', 'G02.965']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
|
A study of patient acceptance of double-contrast barium enema and colonoscopy. Which procedure is preferred by patients?
|
To our knowledge, no previous study has addressed the question of which method of evaluation of the lower gastrointestinal tract is preferred by patients, air-contrast barium enema or colonoscopy. Over a four-month period, we asked 189 consecutive patients who had undergone colonoscopy to express their preference for either air-contrast barium enema or colonoscopy. A clear preference for colonoscopy was expressed by our patients in terms of comfort and polyp detection despite higher cost. Time lost from work and post-procedure constipation were significantly less for colonoscopy than for barium enema. These factors should be considered in the evaluation of suspected lower gastrointestinal tract disease.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Barium', 'Colonoscopy', 'Enema', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Patient Acceptance of Health Care']
| 3,689,069
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D01.268.552.050', 'D01.268.556.062', 'D01.552.539.124', 'D01.552.544.062'], ['E01.370.372.250.250.200', 'E01.370.388.250.250.250.160', 'E04.210.240.250.160', 'E04.502.250.250.250.160'], ['E02.319.347'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F01.100.150.750.500', 'F01.145.488.887.500', 'N05.300.150.800.500']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Differential relationships between sub-traits of BIS-11 impulsivity and executive processes: an ERP study.
|
There is mixed evidence for a relationship between impulsivity and executive functions. Although impulsivity is heterogeneous, previous research did not examine partial relationships controlling for shared variance across sub-traits to evaluate the specificity of these associations. Eighty-five undergraduates completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) and the AX-expectancy version of the Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT). This task engenders a conflict between two response tendencies by manipulating the frequency of specific trial types. We conducted mixed model analyses to determine the unique variance in behavioral and electrophysiological indices of relevant cognitive functions accounted for by the facets of BIS-11. Motor Impulsiveness was associated with smaller P3 across sites and conditions suggesting a general cognitive limitation not specific to the condition requiring the most inhibition, and larger N2 in some conditions indicating heightened conflict detection. Non-Planning Impulsiveness was related to smaller N2 when inhibiting a primed response and with greater P3 in some contexts. Attentional Impulsiveness appeared to be associated with an inefficient conflict detection system indicated by relatively normal engagement in trials involving the non-potent response, but relatively over engagement in the prepotent condition. Our findings suggest that sub-traits of impulsivity are differentially related to executive processes.
|
['Adolescent', 'Attention', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Conflict, Psychological', 'Electroencephalography', 'Evoked Potentials', 'Executive Function', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Impulsive Behavior', 'Inhibition, Psychological', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Photic Stimulation', 'Principal Component Analysis', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Reaction Time', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Young Adult']
| 22,659,220
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['F02.830.104.214'], ['F03.615.250'], ['F01.658.209'], ['E01.370.376.300', 'E01.370.405.245'], ['G07.265.216.500', 'G11.561.200.500'], ['F02.463.217'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.145.527'], ['F01.145.544', 'F02.463.425.475', 'F02.739.794.405'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.723.729'], ['E05.318.740.562'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['E05.796.817', 'F02.830.650', 'F04.669.817', 'G11.561.677'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
[Biomass flow and structure of a tropical upwelling ecosystem in La Guajira, Colombian Caribbean].
|
La Guajira is an exploited tropical upwelling ecosystem in the Colombian Caribbean coast. A trophic model of 27 functional groups was constructed using the ECOPATH 5.0 Beta software to integrate the available information on the ecosystem. The model allowed a comparison with other trophic flow models of upwelling ecosystems. Total system biomass (68 t/km2/year), net system production (1,248.5 t/km2/year), and total system throughput (3,275 t/km2/year) make La Guajira moderate when compared with other systems. The largest amount of energy throughput is achieved from trophic level I to II (68.93 %), although an important proportion of the total flow originates from detritus (32 %). The production/respiration ratio exceeds 1, suggesting that La Guajira is an immature ecosystem and is in development, as determined by its low ascendency (33.7 %) and high development capacity (66.3 %), similar to other upwellings that have values of ascendency between 20 % and 35 %. Although the basic input data were good and covered 1995 to 2000, appropriate information is still not available on some trophic groups such as biomass (for phytoplankton, invertebrates, catfishes and pelagic predator fishes), secondary production data (invertebrates, pelagic predator fishes, and small pelagic fishes), and seabird and mammal populations, which are top trophic levels and an essential part of upwelling ecosystems.
|
['Animals', 'Biomass', 'Caribbean Region', 'Colombia', 'Ecosystem', 'Fishes', 'Invertebrates', 'Marine Biology', 'Models, Biological', 'Phytoplankton']
| 18,457,163
|
[['B01.050'], ['G16.500.275.157.100', 'N06.230.124.100'], ['Z01.107.084'], ['Z01.107.757.284'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.050.150.900.493'], ['B01.050.500'], ['H01.158.273.248.750.500', 'H01.277.249.750.500', 'H01.277.750.500'], ['E05.599.395'], ['B05.080.500.600']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Conditional inhibition of autophagy genes in adult Drosophila impairs immunity without compromising longevity.
|
Immune function declines with age in Drosophila and humans, and autophagy is implicated in immune function. In addition, autophagy genes are required for life span extension caused by reduced insulin/IGF1-like signaling and dietary restriction in Caenorhabditiselegans. To test if the autophagy pathway might be limiting for immunity and/or life span in adult Drosophila, the Geneswitch system was used to cause conditional inactivation of the autophagy genes Atg5, Atg7 and Atg12 by RNAi. Conditional inhibition of Atg genes in adult flies reduced lysotracker staining of adult tissues, and reduced resistance to injected Escherichia coli, as evidenced by increased bacterial titers and reduced fly survival. However, survival of uninjected flies was unaffected by Atg gene inactivation. The data indicate that Atg gene activity is required for normal immune function in adult flies, and suggest that neither autophagy nor immune function are limiting for adult life span under typical laboratory conditions.
|
['Aging', 'Animals', 'Animals, Genetically Modified', 'Autophagy', 'Drosophila', 'Drosophila Proteins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Escherichia coli Infections', 'Fasting', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Immunity', 'Longevity', 'Male', 'Staining and Labeling']
| 18,955,126
|
[['G07.345.124'], ['B01.050'], ['B01.050.050.136', 'B05.620.136'], ['G04.011'], ['B01.050.500.131.617.720.500.500.750.310.250'], ['D12.776.093.500.462'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C01.150.252.400.310.330'], ['F01.145.407.400', 'G07.203.650.240.587', 'G07.203.650.353.400'], ['G05.308'], ['G12.450'], ['G07.345.124.519', 'G07.540'], ['E01.370.225.500.620.670', 'E01.370.225.750.600.670', 'E05.200.500.620.670', 'E05.200.750.600.670']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Electron-transport components of the 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine delta 12-desaturase (delta 12-desaturase) in microsomal preparations from developing safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cotyledons.
|
The major cytochrome in microsomal membrane preparations from developing seeds of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius, var High Linoleate), has a reduced-minus-oxidized difference spectrum characteristic of a b-type cytochrome, and was identified from its midpoint-potential (E'7.2) value as cytochrome b5. Cytochromes P-450 and P-420 were also present. The cytochrome b5 content of microsomal preparations from a number of oilseed species was found to be in the order of 200-300 pmol/mg of protein. The cytochrome b5 was reduced in the membrane preparations by NADH, demonstrating the presence of an NADH: cytochrome b5 reductase; NADPH was a less effective donor. Microsomal membranes catalysed the NAD(P)H-dependent conversion of radioactive oleate into linoleate, indicating acyl-CoA: lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase and 1-acyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine delta 12-desaturase (delta 12-desaturase) activity. Desaturation of oleate to linoleate was unaffected by CO, but inhibited by CN-. The addition of oleoyl-CoA to the NADH-reduced membranes resulted in the CN(-)-sensitive partial re-oxidation of cytochrome b5, indicating that electrons from NADH were transferred to the site of desaturation via this cytochrome. The delta 12-desaturase in safflower, therefore, is CN(-)-sensitive and appears to require cytochrome b5 and NADH: cytochrome b5 reductase for activity.
|
['Cytochromes b5', 'Electron Transport', 'Fatty Acid Desaturases', 'Kinetics', 'Microsomes', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Plants', 'Spectrophotometry']
| 2,264,826
|
[['D08.244.187.500', 'D12.776.422.220.187.500'], ['G02.111.248', 'G03.295.531.403', 'G03.493.350'], ['D08.811.682.690.708.392'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['A11.284.835.540'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B01.650'], ['E05.196.712.726', 'E05.196.867.826']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Patterns of gastro-intestinal parasites and commensals as an index of population and ecosystem health: the case of sympatric western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and guinea baboons (Papio hamadryas papio) at Fongoli, Senegal.
|
The exponential decline of great apes over the past 50 years has resulted in an urgent need for data to inform population viability assessment and conservation strategies. Health monitoring of remaining ape populations is an important component of this process. In support of this effort, we examined endoparasitic and commensal prevalence and richness as proxies of population health for western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) and sympatric guinea baboons (Papio hamadryas papio) at Fongoli, Senegal, a site dominated by woodland-savanna at the northwestern extent of chimpanzees' geographic range. The small population size and extreme environmental pressures experienced by Fongoli chimpanzees make them particularly sensitive to the potential impact of pathogens. One hundred thirty-two chimpanzee and seventeen baboon fecal samples were processed using sodium nitrate floatation and fecal sedimentation to isolate helminth eggs, larvae, and protozoal cysts. Six nematodes (Physaloptera sp., Ascaris sp., Stronglyloides fuelleborni, Trichuris sp., an unidentified hookworm, and an unidentified larvated nematode), one cestode (Bertiella sp.), and five protozoans (Iodamoeba buetschlii, Entamoeba coli, Troglodytella abrassarti, Troglocorys cava, and an unidentified ciliate) were detected in chimpanzee fecal samples. Four nematodes (Necator sp., S. fuelleborni, Trichuris sp., and an unidentified hookworm sp.), two trematodes (Shistosoma mansoni and an unidentified fluke), and six protozoans (Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, E. coli, Chilomastix mesnili, Balantidium coli, T. abrassarti, and T. cava) were detected in baboon fecal samples. The low prevalence of pathogenic parasite species and high prevalence of symbiotic protozoa in Fongoli chimpanzees are indicative of good overall population health. However, the high prevalence of pathogenic parasites in baboons, who may serve as transport hosts, highlight the need for ongoing pathogen surveillance of the Fongoli chimpanzee population and point to the need for further research into the epidemiology and cross-species transmission ecology of zoonotic pathogens at this site.
|
['Animals', 'Ciliophora', 'Ecosystem', 'Entamoeba', 'Feces', 'Helminthiasis, Animal', 'Helminths', 'Host-Parasite Interactions', 'Pan troglodytes', 'Papio papio', 'Prevalence', 'Protozoan Infections, Animal', 'Senegal', 'Symbiosis']
| 20,853,397
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.043.185'], ['G16.500.275.157', 'N06.230.124'], ['B01.046.500.100.700.335'], ['A12.459'], ['C01.610.335.349', 'C01.610.701.377', 'C22.674.377'], ['B01.050.500.500'], ['G16.527.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.199.120.610.600'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['C01.610.701.688', 'C01.610.752.625', 'C22.674.710'], ['Z01.058.290.190.710'], ['G06.550.800', 'G16.840']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
Teratogenic effects of endotoxin on the golden hamster.
|
Gram-negative urinary tract infections in pregnant women have been implicated as causes of maternal endotoxemia and a subsequent higher incidence of malformations in their offspring. A study was performed to evaluate the effects of endotoxin on the development of the golden hamster. Endotoxin was shown to be extremely embryolethal at higher doses and to produce several malformations at lower doses. The pregnant hamster and its developing embryos were observed to be far more sensitive to endotoxin than species examined by other investigators.
|
['Animals', 'Cricetinae', 'Endotoxins', 'Escherichia coli', 'Female', 'Fetal Resorption', 'Mesocricetus', 'Pregnancy', 'Teratogens']
| 6,133,368
|
[['B01.050'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250'], ['D23.946.123.329'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['C13.703.223.300', 'C23.550.260.585.260'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.075.250.500'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['D27.888.569.864']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Interest and participation in a college student alcohol intervention study as a function of typical drinking.
|
OBJECTIVE: This research explored the relationship between typical alcohol consumption and interest in participating in a brief alcohol intervention study and between typical consumption and actual participation in the study among students recruited to participate in an intervention study. We predicted a curvilinear relationship as a potential explanation for mixed findings from previous examinations of risk status and participation in alcohol intervention research. That is, we expected an inverted U-shaped relationship, with those at the lowest and highest ends of the drinking spectrum expressing the least interest in participation. We expected the same pattern to hold for likelihood of actual participation among study invitees.METHOD: Self-reported typical consumption and interest in participating in an alcohol intervention study were assessed among 1,115 (59.7% female) college students. A subsample of these students (n = 377) who expressed interest and reported at least one heavy-drinking episode in the previous month were subsequently invited to participate in a brief intervention study.RESULTS: Drinkers were more likely than nondrinkers to report interest in participating, and there was a positive relationship between likelihood of expressing interest and typical consumption. However, the predicted quadratic relationship was evident with those at the lowest and highest ends of the drinking spectrum expressing the least interest in participation. The same pattern was also evident for actual participation among the heavy-drinking subsample invited to participate in the alcohol intervention study.CONCLUSIONS: A nonlinear relationship may account for mixed findings regarding the relationship between risk status and participation in alcohol intervention studies. Results are interpreted in terms of psychological relevance and defensiveness. Findings highlight the need for added effort in recruiting, and/or alternative recruitment strategies for, those at highest risk.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Alcohol Drinking', 'Chi-Square Distribution', 'Confidence Intervals', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Motivation', 'Students', 'Universities']
| 15,700,511
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['F01.145.317.269'], ['E05.318.740.994.300', 'G17.820.300', 'N05.715.360.750.750.200', 'N06.850.520.830.994.300'], ['E05.318.740.275', 'N05.715.360.750.220', 'N06.850.520.830.275'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['F01.658', 'F01.752.543.500.750'], ['M01.848'], ['I02.783.830', 'J03.832.830']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Cauliflower growths in trophic ulcers of leprosy--a 10 year study.
|
A 10 year study of cauliflower growths in trophic ulcers of leprosy patients was done. Seventy five cases were seen, out of which seventy two were in foot and three in hand. Eventhough appearance was like that of malignancy, malignant change was seen only in four cases and in other seventy one cases it was pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia. Various surgical procedures were done. Wide excision appears to be the procedure of choice where feasible as per our studies.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Biopsy', 'Female', 'Foot Diseases', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Leprosy', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Skin Ulcer']
| 3,745,997
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.370.225.500.384.100', 'E01.370.225.998.054', 'E01.370.388.100', 'E04.074', 'E05.200.500.384.100', 'E05.200.998.054', 'E05.242.384.100'], ['C05.360', 'C17.800.321'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['C01.150.252.410.040.552.475.371'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C17.800.893']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Gender Disparities in Patients With Alcoholic Liver Disease Evaluated for Liver Transplantation.
|
BACKGROUND: The morbidity and mortality from alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is increasing in the United States. However, little is known about gender differences in evaluation and listing for liver transplantation (LT) in patients with ALD.METHODS: This is a retrospective review of adult patients with ALD evaluated for LT at a single transplant center from January 1, 2010, to March 1, 2017. Univariate, multivariate, and time-series analyses were performed.RESULTS: Among the 949 patients with ALD evaluated, mean age was 53 years, 84% were Caucasian, and 33% were women. The median model for end-stage liver disease score was similar between the genders. Women were less likely to be listed for LT (10% versus 19%; P < 0.05). The proportion of women not listed due to active substance use was significantly higher versus men (42% versus 35%; P < 0.05), while the frequency of medical contraindications was comparable between the genders. During a median follow-up of 416 days (range: 0-2784), listed women with ALD were less likely to undergo transplantation (42% versus 47%; P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Men with ALD were 95% more likely to be listed and 105% more likely to be transplanted compared to women with ALD. While men had more lifetime substance use and related consequences, women had more psychiatric comorbidities and were less likely to be listed due to active alcohol and opioid use. Early detection and effective treatment of psychiatric and substance use disorders in women with ALD may improve their transplant eligibility.
|
['Female', 'Follow-Up Studies', 'Humans', 'Liver Diseases, Alcoholic', 'Liver Transplantation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Morbidity', 'Prognosis', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Sex Distribution', 'Sex Factors', 'Survival Rate', 'Transplant Recipients', 'United States']
| 31,283,683
|
[['E05.318.372.500.750.249', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.350', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C06.552.645', 'C25.775.100.087.645'], ['E02.095.147.725.490', 'E04.210.650', 'E04.936.450.490', 'E04.936.580.490'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.308.985.525', 'N01.224.935.597', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525'], ['E01.789'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['I01.240.800', 'N01.224.803', 'N06.850.505.400.850'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.900', 'N01.224.935.698.826', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.900', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.900'], ['M01.925'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Relationships Among Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Plasma Cytokines in African American Women.
|
OBJECTIVE: The principal objective of this investigation was to identify novel cytokine associations with BMI and type 2 diabetes (T2D).METHODS: Cytokines were profiled from African American women with obesity who donated plasma to the Komen Tissue Bank. Multiplex bead arrays of analytes were used to quantify 88 cytokines and chemokines in association with clinical diagnoses of metabolic health. Regression models were generated after elimination of outliers.RESULTS: Among women with obesity, T2D was associated with breast adipocyte hypertrophy and with six plasma analytes, including four chemokines (chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 2, chemokine [C-C motif] ligand 16, chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 1, and chemokine [C-X-C motif] ligand 16) and two growth factors (interleukin 2 and epidermal growth factor). In addition, three analytes were associated with obesity independently of diabetes: interleukin 4, soluble CD40 ligand, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3.CONCLUSIONS: Profiling of inflammatory cytokines combined with measures of BMI may produce a more personalized risk assessment for obesity-associated disease in African American women.
|
['African Americans', 'Chemokines', 'Cytokines', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'United States']
| 28,840,653
|
[['M01.686.508.100.100', 'M01.686.754.100'], ['D12.644.276.374.200', 'D12.776.467.374.200', 'D23.125.300', 'D23.469.200', 'D23.529.374.200'], ['D12.644.276.374', 'D12.776.467.374', 'D23.529.374'], ['C18.452.394.750.149', 'C19.246.300'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['Z01.107.567.875']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
|
Hand arterial blood flow responses to local venous congestion.
|
Hand and forearm blood flows were measured in 12 subjects by means of a range-gated D?ppler velocimeter, in basal conditions and after inflation (30, 50, 60, 70, and 90 mmHg) of a venous occlusion cuff on the middle part of the forearm. In basal conditions, there were significant decreases in radial, ulnar, and brachial blood flow after cuff inflation (up to -78, -69, and -31%, respectively). Minimal values were reached in less than 7 s. After occlusion of the circulation of the hand, control brachial blood flow was lowered but not significantly affected by venous distension. The results must be considered and accounted where venous occlusion plethysmography is used to measure segmental blood flow.
|
['Adult', 'Arteries', 'Blood Pressure', 'Hand', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Regional Blood Flow', 'Veins']
| 7,246,758
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A07.015.114'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['A01.378.800.667'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['G09.330.100.780'], ['A07.015.908']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Demonstration by a novel genetic technique that leader peptidase is an essential enzyme of Escherichia coli.
|
It was previously shown that two separate regions of DNA are required for expression of the cloned leader peptidase gene on plasmid pTD101 (T. Date and W. Wickner, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:6106-6110, 1981). Both loci have been mapped in detail, and their roles have been established. A 1.3-kilobase region, termed the L region, encodes the 37,000-dalton leader peptidase protein. Another region, termed the P region, is about 1.5 kilobases away from the L region and is less than 350 base pairs long. The P region acts in cis to the L region, suggesting that it plays a role as a promoter. A technique for inactivation of the leader peptidase gene on the Escherichia coli chromosome has been developed to examine whether the leader peptidase which we had cloned is essential for cell growth. A specific plasmid (P(-) L(-)) which deletes both the P region and a substantial portion of the L region was constructed and transformed into a polA mutant strain. The plasmid cannot replicate in this strain; thus, the plasmid-borne ampicillin resistance is lost unless the plasmid DNA recombines into the chromosome. Integration of the P(-) L(-) plasmid did not yield any viable ampicillin-resistant cells, whereas the three control plasmids, P(+) L(+), P(+) L(-), and P(-) L(+), did. When the P(-) L(-) plasmid was transformed into the polA(Ts) strain, the strain could only grow in the presence of ampicillin at a permissive temperature, suggesting that integration of the plasmid into the host chromosome leads to inactivation of the chromosomal leader peptidase gene. Southern hybridization analysis demonstrated that the integration of plasmids into the chromosome occurred at the homologous site. This study demonstrates that expression of the leader peptidase gene is critical for cell growth.
|
['Chromosome Mapping', 'Chromosomes, Bacterial', 'DNA, Bacterial', 'Endopeptidases', 'Escherichia coli', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Genes, Bacterial', 'Membrane Proteins', 'Nucleic Acid Hybridization', 'Plasmids', 'Serine Endopeptidases', 'Transformation, Bacterial']
| 6,339,483
|
[['E05.393.183'], ['A11.284.187.190', 'A20.812', 'G05.360.162.190'], ['D13.444.308.212'], ['D08.811.277.656.300'], ['B03.440.450.425.325.300', 'B03.660.250.150.180.100'], ['G05.308'], ['G05.360.340.024.340.364.249', 'G05.360.340.358.024.249', 'G05.360.340.358.207.249'], ['D12.776.543'], ['E05.393.661', 'G02.111.611'], ['G05.360.600'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350'], ['E05.393.350.810.500', 'G05.728.860.500', 'G05.728.865.820', 'G06.099.850']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Tetrazolium agar overlay in test for Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
|
In this rapid presumptive test for Mycoplasma pneumoniae, subculture is not required, and tetrazolium reduction is evident in 1 hr or less.
|
['Aerobiosis', 'Agar', 'Bacteriological Techniques', 'Cell Count', 'Chlorides', 'Mycoplasma', 'Tetrazolium Salts', 'Time Factors']
| 4,560,467
|
[['G02.111.017', 'G03.049'], ['D09.698.360.041'], ['E01.370.225.875.150', 'E05.200.875.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.195', 'E05.200.500.195', 'E05.242.195', 'G04.140'], ['D01.210.450.150', 'D01.248.497.158.215'], ['B03.440.860.580.553.553'], ['D03.383.129.617.700'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The 'extremely ancient' chromosome that isn't: a forensic bioinformatic investigation of Albert Perry's X-degenerate portion of the Y chromosome.
|
Mendez and colleagues reported the identification of a Y chromosome haplotype (the A00 lineage) that lies at the basal position of the Y chromosome phylogenetic tree. Incorporating this haplotype, the authors estimated the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for the Y tree to be 338,000 years ago (95% CI=237,000-581,000). Such an extraordinarily early estimate contradicts all previous estimates in the literature and is over a 100,000 years older than the earliest fossils of anatomically modern humans. This estimate raises two astonishing possibilities, either the novel Y chromosome was inherited after ancestral humans interbred with another species, or anatomically modern Homo sapiens emerged earlier than previously estimated and quickly became subdivided into genetically differentiated subpopulations. We demonstrate that the TMRCA estimate was reached through inadequate statistical and analytical methods, each of which contributed to its inflation. We show that the authors ignored previously inferred Y-specific rates of substitution, incorrectly derived the Y-specific substitution rate from autosomal mutation rates, and compared unequal lengths of the novel Y chromosome with the previously recognized basal lineage. Our analysis indicates that the A00 lineage was derived from all the other lineages 208,300 (95% CI=163,900-260,200) years ago.
|
['Chromosomes, Human, X', 'Chromosomes, Human, Y', 'Evolution, Molecular', 'Fossils', 'Haplotypes', 'Humans', 'Mutation', 'Polymorphism, Genetic']
| 24,448,544
|
[['A11.284.187.520.300.325.680', 'A11.284.187.865.982.500', 'G05.360.162.520.300.325.680', 'G05.360.162.865.982.500'], ['A11.284.187.520.300.505.757', 'A11.284.187.865.983.500', 'G05.360.162.520.300.505.757', 'G05.360.162.865.983.500'], ['G05.045.250', 'G16.075.250'], ['I01.076.368.584.311'], ['G05.380.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G05.365.590'], ['G05.365.795']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Prediction of survival with squamous cell carcinoma antigen in patients with resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
|
BACKGROUND: Increased preoperative serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) concentrations have been found to be associated with advanced stage and poor prognosis in lung and cervical cancers. Because little was known about the significance of SCC-Ag concentration in patients with esophageal cancer, the aim of this study was to analyze the clinicopathologic significance of SCC-Ag in patients with esophageal SCC. PATIENTS AND METHODS. Preoperative SCC-Ag concentration was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 309 patients with primary esophageal SCC. All patients underwent curative radical surgery without any preoperative therapy. In 215 of 309 patients, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was also measured to compare clinical significance of CEA with that of SCC-Ag. The prognostic significance for survival of SCC-Ag concentrations was studied with multivariate analysis with Cox proportional hazards model.RESULTS: The SCC-Ag concentration and the positivity rate of SCC-Ag were significantly elevated in patients associated with tumor progression. Statistically significant differences in SCC-Ag concentrations and SCC-Ag positivity rates were observed depending on tumor size, tumor depth, lymph node status, and distant metastasis. Although CEA was not a prognostic factor (P =.21), a high SCC-Ag concentration was a significant prognostic factor (P <.01). Multivariate analyses indicated that T factor had the best predictive power, but SCC-Ag concentration contained additional, independent prognostic information.CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that preoperative serum SCC-Ag concentrations might provide a predictive information for tumor progression and survival in patients with esophageal SCC.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Antigens, Neoplasm', 'Carcinoembryonic Antigen', 'Carcinoma, Squamous Cell', 'Disease Progression', 'Esophageal Neoplasms', 'Esophagectomy', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Lymph Node Excision', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Neoplasm Staging', 'Osmolar Concentration', 'Postoperative Period', 'Prognosis', 'Serpins', 'Survival Analysis']
| 12,773,976
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['D23.050.285'], ['D12.776.395.550.200.210', 'D12.776.543.550.200.210', 'D23.050.285.329', 'D23.050.301.350.210', 'D23.101.140.300'], ['C04.557.470.200.400', 'C04.557.470.700.400'], ['C23.550.291.656'], ['C04.588.274.476.205', 'C04.588.443.353', 'C06.301.371.205', 'C06.405.117.430', 'C06.405.249.205'], ['E04.210.346'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E04.446'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.789.625'], ['G02.640'], ['E04.614.750', 'N02.421.585.753.750'], ['E01.789'], ['D12.644.861', 'D12.776.872', 'D27.505.519.389.745.800.675'], ['E05.318.740.998', 'N05.715.360.750.795', 'N06.850.520.830.998']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Role of vitamin D3 in regulation of interleukin-6 and osteopontin expression in liver of diabetic mice.
|
OBJECTIVE: To study the link between hepatic interleukin-6 (IL-6) and osteopontin (OPN) gene expression and vitamin D3 status associated with type 1 diabetes in mice; and to evaluate the effects of vitamin D3 treatment (800 IU/kg of body weight for 6 weeks) on diabetes-induced impairments.MATERIALS AND METHODS: mRNA levels of IL-6 and OPN were measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Blood serum 25OHD3 was assayed by ELISA.RESULTS: It was shown that induction of IL-6 in diabetic liver is accompanied by increased expression of OPN. Changes in OPN and IL-6 RNA levels correlated with a lack of 25OHD3 in serum. Vitamin D3 treatment restored 25OHD3 that led to a substantial reduction of OPN and IL-6 mRNA levels.CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes-induced vitamin D3 deficiency was associated with increased hepatic levels of IL-6 and OPN mRNA and these changes were countered by vitamin D3 administration.
|
['Animals', 'Cholecalciferol', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Gene Expression Regulation', 'Interleukin-6', 'Liver', 'Mice', 'Osteopontin']
| 27,424,994
|
[['B01.050'], ['D04.210.500.247.222.159', 'D04.210.500.247.808.146', 'D04.210.500.812.768.196', 'D10.570.938.146'], ['C18.452.394.750.074', 'C19.246.240', 'E05.598.500.374'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['G05.308'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.224', 'D12.776.467.374.465.202', 'D23.529.374.465.224'], ['A03.620'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.644.276.374.625', 'D12.776.395.700.837', 'D12.776.467.374.625', 'D12.776.860.300.762', 'D23.529.374.625']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Updating reactivated memories in infancy: I. Passive- and active-exposure effects.
|
This study examined the vulnerability of infants' reactivated memories to modification. In three experiments, one hundred eight 3-month-olds learned to move a distinctive mobile by kicking. After the operant task was forgotten, its memory was recovered by a reactivation treatment. Immediately afterward, attempts were made to modify the reactivated memory by exposing infants to a novel mobile. Exposing the novel mobile immediately after the reactivation treatment did not affect the reactivated memory (Experiment 1). When exposure to the novel mobile was delayed for 24 hr, the novel mobile temporarily interfered with recognition of the original mobile, but did not modify the reactivated memory (Experiment 2). Only when the contingency was briefly associated with the novel mobile (an active-exposure procedure) was the reactivated memory modified (Experiment 3). These data reveal that infants' recently reactivated memories are surprisingly resistant to updating unless the operant contingency that established the original memory accompanies the new information.
|
['Analysis of Variance', 'Conditioning, Psychological', 'Cues', 'Discrimination Learning', 'Female', 'Habituation, Psychophysiologic', 'Humans', 'Infant', 'Inhibition, Psychological', 'Male', 'Memory, Short-Term', 'Mental Recall', 'Psychomotor Performance', 'Recognition, Psychology', 'Retention, Psychology', 'Task Performance and Analysis', 'Time Factors']
| 15,959,898
|
[['E05.318.740.150', 'N05.715.360.750.125', 'N06.850.520.830.150'], ['F02.463.425.179'], ['F02.463.425.234'], ['F02.463.425.280'], ['F02.463.425.393', 'F02.830.422', 'G11.561.312'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703'], ['F01.145.544', 'F02.463.425.475', 'F02.739.794.405'], ['F02.463.425.540.407'], ['F02.463.425.540.641'], ['F02.808', 'G11.427.700', 'G11.561.660'], ['F02.463.425.540.706'], ['F02.463.425.540.772'], ['F02.784.412.846', 'F02.784.692.746', 'F02.808.600'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
The stay-green phenotype of TaNAM-RNAi wheat plants is associated with maintenance of chloroplast structure and high enzymatic antioxidant activity.
|
TaNAM transcription factors play an important role in controlling senescence, which in turn, influences the delivery of nitrogen, iron and other elements to the grain of wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants, thus contributing to grain nutritional value. While lack or diminished expression of TaNAMs determines a stay-green phenotype, the precise effect of these factors on chloroplast structure has not been studied. In this work we focused on the events undergone by chloroplasts in two wheat lines having either control or diminished TaNAM expression due to RNA interference (RNAi). It was found that in RNAi plants maintenance of chlorophyll levels and maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II were associated with lack of chloroplast dismantling. Flow cytometer studies and electron microscope analysis showed that RNAi plants conserved organelle ultrastructure and complexity. It was also found that senescence in control plants was accompanied by a low leaf enzymatic antioxidant activity. Lack of chloroplast dismantling in RNAi plants was associated with maintenance of protein and iron concentration in the flag leaf, the opposite being observed in control plants. These data provide a structural basis for the observation that down regulation of TaNAMs confers a functional stay-green phenotype and indicate that the low export of iron and nitrogen from the flag leaf of these plants is concomitant, within the developmental window studied, with lack of chloroplast degradation and high enzymatic antioxidant activity.
|
['Antioxidants', 'Carbohydrates', 'Chlorophyll', 'Chloroplasts', 'Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel', 'Iron', 'Oxidative Stress', 'Phenotype', 'Photosystem II Protein Complex', 'Plant Leaves', 'Plant Proteins', 'RNA Interference', 'Solubility', 'Sulfhydryl Compounds', 'Transcription Factors', 'Triticum']
| 27,061,370
|
[['D27.505.519.217', 'D27.505.696.706.125', 'D27.720.799.047'], ['D09'], ['D03.383.129.578.840.374', 'D03.633.400.909.374', 'D04.345.783.374'], ['A11.284.430.214.190.875.700.140'], ['E05.196.401.402', 'E05.301.300.319'], ['D01.268.556.412', 'D01.268.956.287', 'D01.552.544.412'], ['G03.673', 'G07.775.750'], ['G05.695'], ['D05.500.562.488.750', 'D08.811.600.710.750', 'D12.776.543.930.500.750', 'D12.776.765.199.750.750.750'], ['A18.024.812'], ['D12.776.765'], ['G05.308.203.374.790'], ['G02.805'], ['D02.886.489'], ['D12.776.930'], ['B01.650.940.800.575.912.250.822.918']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Lymphatic clearance of the human skin in patients with acute deep vein thrombosis using a novel fluorescent technique.
|
The purpose of this study was to investigate lymphatic clearance of the human skin in patients with acute deep thrombosis of the femoral vein. In 13 patients with deep vein thrombosis and no other cause for swelling of the limbs, lymphatic clearance of the skin at the foot was measured. Ten microliters of fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran 150,000 were injected intradermally and the fluorescent light intensity of the deposit measured 10 min and 24 hours after injection by window densitometry. In addition, intralymphatic pressure was measured by the servo-nulling system. The results were compared with a sex- and age-matched control group. Fluorescent light intensity decreased by 23.8 +/- 12.3 arbitrary units or by a factor of 1.8 +/- 0.5 in patients with DVT after 24 hours, which was significantly less than in healthy controls (33.7 +/- 8.9 arbitrary units or by factor 5.0 +/- 4.1, p < 0.013). Intralymphatic pressure was not different between the two groups. These results indicate that lymphatic clearance is significantly reduced in the acute phase of deep venous thrombosis.
|
['Adult', 'Aged', 'Dextrans', 'Female', 'Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate', 'Fluorescence', 'Fluorescent Dyes', 'Humans', 'Injections, Intradermal', 'Lymph', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Plasma Substitutes', 'Skin', 'Venous Thrombosis']
| 17,036,633
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D05.750.078.562.272', 'D09.698.365.272'], ['D02.455.426.779.347.400', 'D02.500.375.250', 'D02.886.250.250', 'D03.633.300.953.275.400', 'D04.711.347.400'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['D27.720.233.348', 'D27.720.470.410.505.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.620.410'], ['A12.207.270.606', 'A15.382.520.150'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E01.370.520'], ['D27.505.954.502.140.500'], ['A17.815'], ['C14.907.355.830.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Generic data modelling and use of XML standard for home telemonitoring of chronically ill patients.
|
In recent years, internet-based home telemonitoring systems that allow transmission of patient data to a central database and offer immediate access to the data by the care providers have become available. The adoption of Extensible Mark-up Language (XML) as a W3C standard has generated a lot of interest in the potential value of this language in health informatics. However the telemonitoring systems often work with only one or a few types of medical devices and thus are limited in the types of diseases they can monitor. This is because different medical devices produce different types of data and the existing telemonitoring systems are generally built around a proprietary data schema specific for the device used. In this paper, we describe a generic data schema for a telemonitoring system that is applicable to different types of medical devices and different diseases, and then we present an architecture for the exchange of clinical information as data, signals of telemonitoring and clinical reports in the XML standard, up-to-date information in each electronic patient record and integration in real time with the information collected during the telemonitoring activities in the XML schema, between all the structures involved in the health care process of the patient.
|
['Chronic Disease', 'Humans', 'Internet', 'Italy', 'Monitoring, Physiologic', 'Programming Languages']
| 15,460,681
|
[['C23.550.291.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.230.110.500'], ['Z01.542.489'], ['E01.370.520'], ['L01.224.900.780']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
An extracorporeal shunt for the measurement of coronary flow in the closed-chest dog.
|
An extracorporeal shunt circuit interposed between the left carotid artery and the left coronary ostium employs an electromagnetic flowmeter to measure coronary blood flow in the closed-chest anesthetized dog. Flow may be measured with the animal's arterial pressure as the driving force; introduction of a roller pump, or a roller pump and a negative feedback pressure controller allows for constant flow or constant pressure modes. During occlusion of the circuit or cessation of pump flow, retrograde coronary blood flow can be collected for measurement. The construction of the circuit is relatively simple and inexpensive, using common laboratory materials and a commercially available electromagnetic flowmeter and probe.
|
['Animals', 'Assisted Circulation', 'Blood Pressure', 'Coronary Circulation', 'Dogs', 'Methods', 'Rheology']
| 141,892
|
[['B01.050'], ['E04.050'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['G09.330.100.324'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.750.250.216.200'], ['E05.581'], ['E05.830', 'H01.671.808']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
The association of DNA methylation and brain volume in healthy individuals and schizophrenia patients.
|
Both methylation and brain volume patterns hold important biological information for the development and prognosis of schizophrenia (SZ). A combined study to probe the association between them provides a new perspective to understanding SZ. Genomic methylation of peripheral blood and regional brain volumes derived from magnetic resonance imaging were analyzed using parallel independent component analyses in this study. Nine methylation components and five brain volumetric components were extracted for 94 SZ patients and 106 healthy controls. After controlling for age, sex, race, and substance use, a component comprised primarily of bilateral cerebellar volumes was significantly correlated to a methylation component from 14 CpG sites in 13 genes. Both patients and healthy controls demonstrated similar associations, but patients had significantly smaller cerebellar volumes and dysmethylation in the associated epigenetic component compared to controls. The 13 genes are enriched in cellular growth and proliferation with some genes involved in neuronal growth and cerebellum development (GATA4, ADRA1D, EPHA3, and KCNK10), and these genes are prominently associated with neurological and psychological disorders. Such findings suggest that the methylation pattern of the genes coding for cellular growth may influence the cerebellar development through regulating gene expression, and the alteration in the methylation of these genes in SZ patients may contribute to the cerebellar volume reduction observed in patients.
|
['Adult', 'Brain', 'Cerebellum', 'CpG Islands', 'DNA Methylation', 'Female', 'Genetic Association Studies', 'Genome, Human', 'Humans', 'Image Processing, Computer-Assisted', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Schizophrenia', 'Young Adult']
| 26,381,449
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['A08.186.211'], ['A08.186.211.132.810.428.200'], ['G02.111.570.080.380.160', 'G05.360.080.380.160', 'G05.360.340.024.159'], ['G02.111.035.538.161', 'G02.111.218', 'G03.059.538.161', 'G05.206'], ['E05.393.385'], ['G05.360.340.350'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['L01.224.308'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['F03.700.750'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
"Giant" senile sebaceous hyperplasia.
|
Although the usual size of senile sebaceous hyperplasia is 2 to 3 mm in diameter, we report one "giant" nodular case on the face. The patient is a 75-year-old Japanese man with a dome-shaped, skin-colored nodule on his right cheek. The lesion was 10 mm in diameter and had multiple small umbilications on its surface. He also had several small, yellow-colored, asymptomatic papules with central umbilication on his cheeks. Histologically, the giant nodule and the papule on the right cheek showed the same architectural pattern, a sharply demarcated hyperplasia of grouped mature sebaceous glands with a sebaceous converging duct, whose opening to the surface epithelium corresponded to the clinical umbilication. The reason for the giant growth of this senile sebaceous hyperplasia in our case is obscure; the patient had not been stressed by inductive agents or factors such as systemic corticosteroid and hemodialysis except for electrocoagulation on the lesion. In spite of the extraordinarily large size of the nodule, the conservative proliferating pattern seemed to show the benign hyperplastic character of senile sebaceous hyperplasia.
|
['Age Factors', 'Aged', 'Diagnosis, Differential', 'Facial Dermatoses', 'Humans', 'Hyperplasia', 'Male', 'Sebaceous Glands']
| 1,607,487
|
[['N05.715.350.075', 'N06.850.490.250'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['E01.171'], ['C17.800.271'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.550.444'], ['A10.336.827', 'A17.815.805']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Bridging the gender gap: interventions with aggressive girls and their parents.
|
In response to a gap in gender-sensitive programming for young aggressive girls (5-11) and their families, the SNAP Girls Connection (GC) was developed in 1996. This multi-systemic intervention is built on a developmental model of risk and protective factors within the girl and her relationships. We evaluated the SNAP(R) GC using a prospective quasi-experimental design, randomly assigning 80 girls to treatment (N = 45) and waiting-list groups (N = 35) over 2 years. Fifty-five parents completed measures at assessment periods 1, 2 and 3. Results showed significant positive changes on girls' problem behavior and parenting skills for the treatment versus the waiting-list groups, as well as maintenance of treatment gains. Implications of the findings on treatment effectiveness of this gender-sensitive intervention are discussed.
|
['Aggression', 'Child', 'Child Behavior', 'Child, Preschool', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Models, Theoretical', 'Parents', 'Sex Factors']
| 20,107,897
|
[['F01.145.126.125', 'F01.145.813.045'], ['M01.060.406'], ['F01.145.179'], ['M01.060.406.448'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599'], ['F01.829.263.500.320', 'I01.880.853.150.500.340', 'M01.620'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Flour mill lung: a pneumoconiosis of mixed aetiology.
|
We report two cases of mixed dust fibrosis which occurred in the setting of poorly ventilated flour mills where various kinds of grain, chiefly wheat, were ground using stones whose silica content was analysed to be greater than 80 percent. While one patient was a non-smoker and the other was an ex-smoker, both cooked on kerosene stoves in the same room. We propose the term 'Flour mill lung' for this form of pneumoconiosis. A larger study would be required to establish the entity and its incidence among flour mill workers.
|
['Adult', 'Agriculture', 'Flour', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Pneumoconiosis', 'Silicosis']
| 12,206,482
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['J01.040'], ['G07.203.300.484', 'J02.500.484'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C08.381.483.581', 'C08.381.520.702', 'C24.800'], ['C08.381.483.581.760', 'C08.381.520.702.760', 'C24.800.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Plasma kallikrein amidolytic activity in patients with urticaria.
|
We have studied the plasma kallikrein amidolytic activity in healthy control subjects (inactive), patients with chronic urticaria (active) and patients with acute urticaria (active) from their admission to the emergency room (active) to the time after which their clinical symptomatology had disappeared (inactive). We found statistically significant differences (p < 0.01) in the active groups of urticaria patients. This leads us to believe that kallikrein participates in the development of symptomatology in these patients.
|
['Female', 'Humans', 'Kallikreins', 'Kinetics', 'Male', 'Urticaria']
| 8,281,344
|
[['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.277.656.300.760.442', 'D08.811.277.656.959.350.442', 'D12.776.124.125.597', 'D23.119.597'], ['G01.374.661', 'G02.111.490'], ['C17.800.862.945', 'C20.543.480.904']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Follicular lymphoma in situ in the spleen of a patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia and carrying HCV was associated with more clonal B-cells than t(14;18) positive B-cells.
|
Certain autoimmune conditions are associated with an increased risk of lymphoid malignancy. We report a 65-year old patient with autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) complicated by a follicular lymphoma (FL) in situ and other B-cell clones in the spleen. This diagnosis was made by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and Southern blot analysis of the B-cell receptor. Chromosomal analysis revealed 46,XX,t(14;18)(q32;q21) 2/20, 46,XX,del(7)(q?),del(11)(q?) 2/20, and 46,XX 16/20. It has been speculated that these preneoplastic conditions do not progress to overt FL and other lymphomas without a second lymphomagenic insult. However, AIHA confers a 27.4-fold higher risk of such an insult leading to lymphoma compared with the normal healthy population. Without any therapy after splenectomy, our current study patient remained healthy with no lymphoma development for 28 months. Based on this case, we discuss the pathophysiology of lymphomagenesis in a spleen with AIHA and the roles of a splenectomy for preventing further lymphomagenesis in AIHA patients.
|
['Aged', 'Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune', 'B-Lymphocytes', 'Blotting, Southern', 'Female', 'Flow Cytometry', 'Hepatitis C', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Lymphoma, Follicular', 'Spleen', 'Splenectomy']
| 28,215,645
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C15.378.071.141.125', 'C20.111.175'], ['A11.063.438', 'A11.118.637.555.567.562', 'A15.145.229.637.555.567.562', 'A15.382.032.438', 'A15.382.490.555.567.562'], ['E05.196.401.114', 'E05.301.300.087', 'E05.601.150'], ['E01.370.225.500.363.342', 'E01.370.225.500.386.350', 'E05.196.712.516.600.240.350', 'E05.200.500.363.342', 'E05.200.500.386.350', 'E05.242.363.342', 'E05.242.386.350'], ['C01.221.250.750', 'C01.925.440.440', 'C01.925.782.350.350', 'C06.552.380.705.440'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C04.557.386.480.350', 'C15.604.515.569.480.350', 'C20.683.515.761.480.350'], ['A10.549.700', 'A15.382.520.604.700'], ['E04.726']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Floating spine after pedicle subtraction osteotomy for post-traumatic kyphosis.
|
PURPOSE: Pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) was developed to achieve significant correction of a deformity. It was initially used to correct sagittal plane deformities associated with ankylosing spondylitis, but recently it has also been performed in patients with post-traumatic kyphosis. Our aim was to report a case of a floating spine after PSO for post-traumatic kyphosis.METHODS: A 50-year-old man was injured after a fall. He had a compression fracture at T12 and an open fracture of the right lower limb. Although he presented with focal back pain, his open fracture was treated first by surgical intervention. The T12 compression fracture was treated conservatively. One year later, he had lower limb numbness and muscle weakness. His imaging demonstrated focal kyphosis on T12 and spinal cord compression. The diagnosis was post-traumatic kyphosis, which was treated with PSO. We performed osteotomy at T12, discectomy and bone graft at T11-T12, and posterior fusion from T10 to L2.RESULTS: One year after PSO, we removed the instruments because he complained of pain around them and found complete bony union between T11 and T12. He immediately experienced worse pain and could not walk or stand for more than 10 min. Imaging showed a floating spine between T12 and L1. He underwent anterior fusion at T12-L1, after which his severe back pain disappeared.CONCLUSIONS: This case points out a pitfall of PSO. Although it is a powerful tool for correcting an imbalanced spine, we should recognize its pitfalls and try to avoid them.
|
['Accidental Falls', 'Back Pain', 'Humans', 'Kyphosis', 'Lumbar Vertebrae', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Osteotomy', 'Radiography', 'Spinal Fusion', 'Thoracic Vertebrae']
| 24,722,882
|
[['N06.850.135.122'], ['C23.888.592.612.107'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C05.116.900.800.500'], ['A02.835.232.834.519'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E04.555.580'], ['E01.370.350.700'], ['E04.555.100.700'], ['A02.835.232.834.892']]
|
['Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Proton inhibition of [3H]resiniferatoxin binding to vanilloid (capsaicin) receptors in rat spinal cord.
|
Protons and capsaicin activate overlapping subsets of sensory nerves by opening ion conductances of similar properties. We have used the [3H]resiniferatoxin binding assay utilizing rat spinal cord membranes to elucidate the possible interaction of protons at the vanilloid (capsaicin) receptor. Using low pH (pH 6.0 and pH 5.0) buffers, a time-dependent gradual decrease was observed in specific resiniferatoxin binding. Protons inhibited resiniferatoxin binding with an IC50 of pH 5.3 +/- 0.1. In experiments in which the concentration of [3H]resiniferatoxin was varied, protons reduced the Bmax value by approximately 40% with a corresponding 2-fold decrease in affinity. No change however, was observed in binding cooperativity (the Hill coefficients were 1.7 +/- 0.1 and 1.6 +/- 0.2 in the presence of pH 7.4 and pH 5.0 buffers, respectively). These changes in binding parameters are consistent with a non-competitive or, alternatively, mixed inhibitory mechanism. The remaining resiniferatoxin binding sites bound capsaicin with an affinity (Ki = 5.0 +/- 1.0 microM) very similar to that determined in the presence of a pH 7.4 buffer (Ki = 3.0 +/- 1.5 microM). A cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (up to 10 microM), did not prevent the action of protons on resiniferatoxin binding; neither was it mimicked by prostanoids (prostaglandin I2 and E1, both at 100 microM). We conclude that protons interact at vanilloid receptors in the rat spinal cord; this interaction is either non-competitive or mixed in nature, and probably is not related to prostanoid generation. Protons and/or putative proton-generated mediators might represent endogenous modulators of the vanilloid receptor.
|
['Animals', 'Binding, Competitive', 'Capsaicin', 'Diterpenes', 'Dose-Response Relationship, Drug', 'Female', 'Hydrogen-Ion Concentration', 'Protons', 'Rats', 'Rats, Sprague-Dawley', 'Receptors, Drug', 'Spinal Cord', 'Time Factors']
| 7,621,890
|
[['B01.050'], ['E05.196.080', 'G02.111.084', 'G02.111.570.120.309'], ['D02.065.690.500', 'D02.455.326.271.690.222', 'D02.455.426.559.389.657.166.099', 'D03.132.760.200', 'D10.251.355.325.190'], ['D02.455.849.291'], ['G07.690.773.875', 'G07.690.936.500'], ['G02.300'], ['D01.248.497.300.459.700', 'D01.268.406.750', 'D01.362.340.750', 'G01.249.660.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700.750'], ['D12.776.827'], ['A08.186.854'], ['G01.910.857']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Associations of built environment and proximity of food outlets with weight status: Analysis from 14 cities in 10 countries.
|
The study aimed to examine associations of neighborhood built environments and proximity of food outlets (BE measures) with body weight status using pooled data from an international study (IPEN Adult). Objective BE measures were calculated using geographic information systems for 10,008 participants (4463 male, 45%) aged 16-66 years in 14 cities. Participants self-reported proximity to three types of food outlets. Outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and overweight/obesity status. Male and female weight status associations with BE measures were estimated by generalized additive mixed models. Proportion (95% CI) of overweight (BMI 25 to <30) ranged from 16.6% (13.1, 19.8) to 41.1% (37.3, 44.7), and obesity (BMI ? 30) from 2.9% (1.3, 4.4) to 31.3% (27.7, 34.7), with Hong Kong being the lowest and Cuernavaca, Mexico highest for both proportions. Results differed by sex. Greater street intersection density, public transport density and perceived proximity to restaurants (males) were associated with lower odds of overweight/obesity (BMI ? 25). Proximity to public transport stops (females) was associated with higher odds of overweight/obesity. Composite BE measures were more strongly related to BMI and overweight/obesity status than single variables among men but not women. One standard deviation improvement in the composite measures of BE was associated with small reductions of 0.1-0.5% in BMI but meaningful reductions of 2.5-5.3% in the odds of overweight/obesity. Effects were linear and generalizable across cities. Neighborhoods designed to support public transport, with food outlets within walking distance, may contribute to global obesity control.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Body Mass Index', 'Built Environment', 'Cities', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Food', 'Geographic Information Systems', 'Humans', 'Internationality', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Obesity', 'Residence Characteristics', 'Restaurants', 'Sex Factors', 'Transportation', 'Young Adult']
| 31,654,731
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['N06.230.145.500'], ['G16.500.275.069', 'N06.230.069', 'Z01.433'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['G07.203.300', 'J02.500'], ['L01.313.500.750.300.314', 'L01.470.750.750.462'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['I01.615'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['N01.224.791', 'N06.850.505.400.800'], ['J01.576.423.500.700', 'J03.813'], ['N05.715.350.675', 'N06.850.490.875'], ['J01.937'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Information Science [L]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Correlation between the Length of Ovarian Ligament and Ovarian Torsion: A Prospective Study.
|
STUDY OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to evaluate whether there is an association between the ovarian ligament length and ovarian torsion.DESIGN: This is a prospective cohort study. Design Classification: II.2.SETTING: The study was conducted in the gynecology department of a university affiliated hospital.INTERVENTION: We measured the length of the ovarian ligaments during laparoscopy.PATIENTS: A total of 56 women were recruited, of which 28 women were operated for ovarian torsion (torsion group) and 28 others for other gynecologic conditions (control group).MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: The study found correlations between ovarian ligament length and ovarian torsion. The length of the right (2.2 ± 0.6 cm) and left ovarian ligament (2.3 ± 0.8 cm) in the control patients were similar. Ovarian torsions occurred mainly on the right side (67.9 %). The right ovarian ligament was significantly longer in the torsion group (3.2 ± 0.9 cm) than in the control group (2.2 ± 0.6 cm; p < 0.001). Even after exclusion of patients with ovarian cyst, the ovarian ligament was still significantly longer in the torsion group as compared to the control group (3.2 ± 1.1 vs. 2.2 ± 0.6 cm respectively, p = 0.01).CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that increased length of ovarian ligament might be correlated with the development of ovarian torsion. This could be a basis for ovarian ligament fixation or oophoropexy at the time of conservative surgery for ovarian torsion.
|
['Adult', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Laparoscopy', 'Ligaments', 'Organ Size', 'Ovarian Diseases', 'Prospective Studies', 'Torsion Abnormality', 'Young Adult']
| 30,071,512
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.388.250.520', 'E04.502.250.520'], ['A02.513', 'A10.165.669'], ['E01.370.600.115.100.660', 'E05.041.124.715', 'G07.100.100.660', 'G07.345.249.690'], ['C13.351.500.056.630', 'C19.391.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.750.625', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.650', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.650'], ['C23.300.970'], ['M01.060.116.815']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Metabolic nitrite formation from N-nitrosamines: evidence for a cytochrome P-450 dependent reaction.
|
Nitrite was formed on incubation of N-nitrosamines with a reconstituted monooxygenase system, consisting of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) and NADPH P-450 reductase from pig liver. Nitrite was not obtained when the nitrosamines were incubated with NADPH P-450 reductase alone or when molecular oxygen or NADPH were omitted. Interaction of nitrosamines with the reconstituted P-450 system or with hemoglobin under reducing conditions resulted in optical spectra identical with those obtained with nitrite. It is proposed that N-nitrosamines are denitrosated by electron transfer from the hemoprotein iron to the nitrosamine molecule.
|
['Animals', 'Biotransformation', 'Chemical Phenomena', 'Chemistry', 'Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System', 'Hemoglobins', 'In Vitro Techniques', 'Liver', 'NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase', 'Nitrites', 'Nitrosamines', 'Oxidation-Reduction', 'Rats', 'Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet', 'Swine']
| 6,805,975
|
[['B01.050'], ['G03.171', 'G03.787.225', 'G07.690.725.225'], ['G02'], ['H01.181'], ['D08.244.453', 'D08.811.682.690.708.170', 'D12.776.422.220.453'], ['D12.776.124.400', 'D12.776.422.316.762'], ['E05.481'], ['A03.620'], ['D08.811.682.608.191.500'], ['D01.248.497.158.635', 'D01.625.600.600', 'D02.633'], ['D02.654.442'], ['G02.700', 'G03.295.531'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.700'], ['E05.196.712.726.802', 'E05.196.867.826.802'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.880']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Sociodemographic factors and functional capacity of elderly affected by stroke.
|
Introduction:: Diseases of old age have shown increasing prevalence in society. One of them is stroke, which can be conceptualized as the interruption of cerebral blood supply due to a leakage or blood vessel obstruction caused by clots.Objective:: To verify the associations between sociodemographic factors and the functional capacity of elderly affected by stroke.Methods:: This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional, and quantitative study, including 118 elderly people with paralyses due to stroke, who were registered in one of the Family Health Strategies units of Campina Grande, Para?ba, Brazil. Data were collected by means of home interviews. Two questionnaires were used, in which one was directed for assessment of sociodemographic variables and the second was called Barthel index for assessing the functional capacity of the subjects regarding the activities of daily life. The analysis was conducted using the statistical program SPSS.Results:: There was a predominance of the female gender, widowed, without schooling, and with household income of up to one Brazilian minimum wage. The average age was 65 years (± 9.63). The Barthel index internal consistency was satisfactory, presenting values of Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the range of 0.897-0.918. Total correlation of corrected items was greater than 0.4, and Cronbach's alpha with a deleted item was also greater than 0.8. The activities with higher level of achievement difficulty were urination and evacuation. Association between functional capacity with race, age range, and schooling was found.Conclusion:: It was seen that demographic factors might interfere with the functional capacity of elderly affected by stroke. Hence, it is believed that this investigation might have contributed to the reflection on this issue, thus supporting the promotion of these people's access to health assistance programs.
|
['Activities of Daily Living', 'Aged', 'Aged, 80 and over', 'Brazil', 'Cross-Sectional Studies', 'Female', 'Geriatric Assessment', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Socioeconomic Factors', 'Stroke']
| 28,513,800
|
[['E02.760.169.063.500.067', 'E02.831.067', 'I03.050', 'N02.421.784.110'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['M01.060.116.100.080'], ['Z01.107.757.176'], ['E05.318.372.500.875', 'N05.715.360.330.500.875', 'N06.850.520.450.500.875'], ['E05.318.308.225', 'I01.240.425.350', 'N01.224.425.350', 'N05.715.360.300.360', 'N06.850.505.400.425.350', 'N06.850.520.308.225'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['I01.880.853.996', 'N01.824'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
|
Post-transfusion platelet responses in critically ill cancer patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia.
|
BACKGROUND: Platelet transfusion is aimed at increasing platelet counts to prevent or treat bleeding. Critically ill cancer patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia are high consumers of blood products. We herein described their post-transfusion platelet responses in the intensive care unit (ICU) and analyzed the determinants of poor post-transfusion increments.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a single-center 9-year (2009-2017) retrospective observational study. Patients with malignancies and presumed or proven hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia who had received at least one platelet transfusion in the ICU were included. Poor post-transfusion platelet increments were defined as body surface-adjusted corrected count increment (CCI) <7, or alternatively as weight-adjusted platelet transfusion recovery (PTR) <0.2. Patients were deemed refractory to platelet transfusions when two consecutive ABO-compatible transfusions resulted in poor platelet increments.RESULTS: A total of 1470 platelet transfusions received by 326 patients were analyzed. Indications for platelet transfusions were distributed into prophylactic (44.5%), peri-procedural (18.1%) and therapeutic (37.4%). Regardless of indications, 54.6% and 55.4% of transfusion episodes were associated with a CCI <7 or a PTR <0.2. Factors independently associated with poor post-transfusion increments were lower body mass index, spleen enlargement, concurrent severity of clinical condition, fever ?39°C, antibiotic therapy and increased storage duration of platelet concentrates. Eventually, 48 patients developed refractoriness to platelet transfusion, which was associated increased incidence of bleeding events.CONCLUSION: Platelet transfusions are often associated with poor increments in critically ill cancer patients with hypoproliferative thrombocytopenia. The findings suggest amenable interventions to improve the platelet transfusion practices in this setting.
|
['Aged', 'Critical Illness', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intensive Care Units', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Platelet Transfusion', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Thrombocytopenia']
| 31,724,828
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C23.550.291.625'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['N02.278.388.493'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.095.135.140.650'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C15.378.140.855']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Recurrent incisional hernia, enterocutaneous fistula and loss of the substance of the abdominal wall: plastic with organic prosthesis, skin graft and VAC therapy. Clinical case.
|
Surgical wounds dehiscence is a serious post-operatory complication, with an incidence between 0.4% and 3.5%. Mortality is more than 45%. Complex wounds treatment may require a multidisciplinary management. VAC Therapy could be an alternative treatment regarding complex wound. VAC therapy has been recently introduced on skin's graft tissue management reducing skin graft rejection. The use of biological prosthesis has been tested in a contaminated field, better than synthetic meshes, which often need to be removed. The Permacol is more resistant to degradation by proteases due to its cross-links. Surgery is still considered the best treatment for digestive fistula. A 58 years old obese woman come to our attention, she was operated for an abdominal hernia. She had a post-operatory entero-cutaneous fistula. She was submitted to bowel resection, the anastomosis has been tailored and the hernia of the abdominal wall has been repaired with biological mesh for managing such condition. She had a wound dehiscence with loss of substance and the exposure of the biological prosthesis, nearly 20 cm diameter. She was treated first with antibiotic therapy and simple medications. In addiction, antibiotic therapy was necessary late associated to 7 months with advanced medications allowed a small reduction's defect. Because of its, treatment went on for two more months using VAC therapy. Antibiotic's therapy was finally suspended. The VAC therapy allowed the reduction of the gap, between skin and subcutaneous tissue, and the defect's size preparing a suitable ground for the skin graft. The graft, managed with the vac therapy, was necessary to complete the healing process.
|
['Body Mass Index', 'Collagen', 'Female', 'Hernia, Abdominal', 'Humans', 'Incisional Hernia', 'Intestinal Fistula', 'Middle Aged', 'Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy', 'Obesity', 'Skin Transplantation', 'Surgical Mesh', 'Treatment Outcome']
| 25,953,007
|
[['E01.370.600.115.100.125', 'E05.041.124.125', 'G07.100.100.125', 'N06.850.505.200.100.175'], ['D05.750.078.280', 'D12.776.860.300.250'], ['C23.300.707.374'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C23.300.707.945', 'C23.550.767.500'], ['C06.267.550', 'C06.405.469.471', 'C23.300.575.185.550'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E02.309.610', 'E04.237.444', 'E04.987.550'], ['C18.654.726.500', 'C23.888.144.699.500', 'E01.370.600.115.100.160.120.699.500', 'G07.100.100.160.120.699.500'], ['E02.095.147.725.700', 'E04.680.275.850', 'E04.936.580.700'], ['E07.858.708'], ['E01.789.800', 'N04.761.559.590.800', 'N05.715.360.575.575.800']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Named Groups [M]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Microcatheter navigation and thrombolysis in acute symptomatic cervical internal carotid occlusion.
|
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The treatment of acute stroke distal to an occluded cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) presents a challenge. We report our results of endovascular therapy in 7 patients presenting with acute symptomatic cervical ICA occlusion.PATIENTS AND TECHNIQUES: Among patients presenting with acute stroke at our institution from June 2001 to June 2005, we retrospectively identified 7 patients who underwent endovascular therapy of acute cervical ICA occlusion. The techniques used for vessel recanalization were analyzed. Postprocedure CT scans were reviewed for hemorrhage. The clinical outcomes were assessed by using the modified Rankin scale (mRS) with good outcomes assigned scores of < or =2.RESULTS: All 7 patients revealed cervical ICA occlusion, with additional intracranial thrombus in 6 of the 7 patients. In all patients, a guiding catheter was placed in the ipsilateral common carotid artery proximal to the occlusion and a microcatheter advanced through the ICA clot to deliver intra-arterial (IA) tissue plasminogen activator (in 6 patients, the microcatheter was also advanced intracranially for thrombolysis). Successful recanalization of the occluded ICA was achieved in 6 patients. In 3 patients, balloon angioplasty and stent placement of the cervical ICA was also performed. Follow-up CT in 6 patients showed small basal ganglia infarcts in 4, patchy parietal infarcts in one, and frontal lobe hematoma in one patient. At 1 month after the procedure, 5 patients had good clinical outcomes (mRS of 0 in 4 patients and 1 in one patient).CONCLUSION: Performance of IA thrombolysis by passing a microcatheter through an acutely occluded internal carotid artery may be an effective therapy in acute stroke.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Carotid Artery, Internal', 'Carotid Stenosis', 'Catheterization', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Equipment Design', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Stroke', 'Thrombolytic Therapy']
| 16,611,763
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['A07.015.114.186.200.230'], ['C10.228.140.300.200.360', 'C14.907.137.230', 'C14.907.253.123.360'], ['E02.148', 'E05.157'], ['E02.186'], ['E05.320'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['C10.228.140.300.775', 'C14.907.253.855'], ['E02.319.913']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Platelet-binding immunoglobulins in pregnancy-induced hypertension. I. Platelet-associated IgM on fetal platelets: evidence of a fetal autoimmune reaction?
|
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) can be complicated by maternal or fetal thrombocytopenia, or both. In order to investigate possible immunologic causes of these thrombocytopenias, platelet-associated IgG (PAIgG) and IgM (PAIgM) were measured in mothers with PIH and in their infants and compared with those from patients with autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP), a known immunodestructive platelet disorder. Many PIH patients (33.3%) and most ATP patients (68.1%) had elevated levels of maternal PAIgG. In both diseases, the amount of PAIgG was directly proportional with the degree of thrombocytopenia (r = 0.446 in PIH and r = 0.668 for ATP). But in neither disease did the degree of maternal thrombocytopenia correlate with the degree of neonatal thrombocytopenia (r = 0.153 for PIH and r = 0.175 for ATP). Umbilical cord samples from PIH patients contained PAIgG (53.3%) and PAIgM (53.8%), whereas the umbilical cord samples from ATP patients had elevated amounts of PAIgG but not PAIgM. PAIgM in the umbilical cord blood could not be accounted for by IgM rheumatoid factors, IgM-containing immune complexes, or non-specific adsorption because of elevated total IgM levels. The umbilical cord blood PAIgM was probably not of maternal origin because it was observed even when the maternal blood contained no PAIgM and maternal IgM is not normally transported transplacentally. Therefore, the PAIgM appears to be of fetal origin. These results suggest that both maternal and fetal immunologic mechanisms may be involved in PIH-induced thrombocytopenia; if so, this is one of the first reported examples of a possible fetal autoimmune response.
|
['Autoantibodies', 'Autoimmune Diseases', 'Blood Platelets', 'Female', 'Fetal Blood', 'Humans', 'Hypertension', 'Immunoglobulin G', 'Immunoglobulin M', 'Pregnancy', 'Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular', 'Purpura, Thrombocytopenic']
| 3,625,600
|
[['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['C20.111'], ['A11.118.188', 'A15.145.229.188'], ['A12.207.152.200', 'A15.145.300', 'A16.378.200'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C14.907.489'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.393', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.393', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.393'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.619.574', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.619.574', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.619.574'], ['G08.686.784.769'], ['C13.703.634', 'C14.583'], ['C15.378.100.802.687', 'C15.378.140.855.925.750', 'C20.841', 'C23.550.414.950.687', 'C23.888.885.687.687']]
|
['Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
New Microbial Lineages Capable of Carbon Fixation and Nutrient Cycling in Deep-Sea Sediments of the Northern South China Sea.
|
Metagenomics of marine sediments has uncovered a broad diversity of new uncultured taxa and provided insights into their metabolic capabilities. Here, we detected microbial lineages from a sediment core near the Jiulong methane reef of the northern South China Sea (at 1,100-m depth). Assembly and binning of the metagenomes resulted in 11 genomes (>85% complete) that represented nine distinct phyla, including candidate phyla TA06 and LCP-89, Lokiarchaeota, Heimdallarchaeota, and a newly described globally distributed phylum (B38). The genome of LCP-89 has pathways for nitrate, selenate, and sulfate reduction, suggesting that they may be involved in mediating these important processes. B38 are able to participate in the cycling of hydrogen and selenocompounds. Many of these uncultured microbes may also be capable of autotrophic CO2 fixation, as exemplified by identification of the Wood-Ljungdahl (W-L) pathway. Genes encoding carbohydrate degradation, W-L pathway, Rnf-dependent energy conservation, and Ni/Fe hydrogenases were detected in the transcriptomes of these novel members. Characterization of these new lineages provides insight to the undescribed branches in the tree of life.IMPORTANCE Sedimentary microorganisms in the South China Sea (SCS) remain largely unknown due to the complexity of sediment communities impacted by continent rifting and extension. Distinct geochemical environments may breed special microbial communities including microbes that are still enigmatic. Functional inference of their metabolisms and transcriptional activity provides insight in the ecological roles and substrate-based interactivity of these uncultured Archaea and Bacteria These microorganisms play different roles in utilizing inorganic carbon and scavenging diverse organic compounds involved in the deep-sea carbon cycle. The genomes recovered here contributed undescribed species to the tree of life and laid the foundation for future study on these novel phyla persisting in marginal sediments of the SCS.
|
['Archaea', 'Bacteria', 'Carbon Cycle', 'China', 'Genome, Archaeal', 'Genome, Bacterial', 'Metagenome', 'Nutrients', 'Seawater', 'Taiwan']
| 31,126,943
|
[['B02'], ['B03'], ['G02.607.125', 'G16.500.150'], ['Z01.252.474.164'], ['G05.360.340.358.050'], ['G05.360.340.358.207'], ['G05.360.340.550'], ['G07.203.300.681', 'J02.500.681'], ['G16.500.275.725.500'], ['Z01.252.474.872', 'Z01.639.850']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
|
Effect of ACE inhibition on pressor, renal vascular, and adrenal responses to infusion of angiotensin I in normal subjects eating a low-salt diet.
|
To examine the influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on pressor, renal vascular, and adrenal responses during angiotensin I (Ang I) infusion, we studied 10 normotensive, healthy men. Each was in balance with a 10-mEq sodium, 100-mEq potassium intake and was studied before and during ACE inhibition with enalapril. Ang I (3, 10, and 30 ng/kg/min) was infused in each subject. Then ACE inhibition was instituted with enalapril for 3 days, which induced the anticipated fall in blood pressure, plasma Ang II, and aldosterone concentration, and rise in renal plasma flow. During ACE inhibition only the 30-ng/kg/min Ang I dose raised plasma Ang II levels. There was a spectrum, however, in the end-organ response to Ang I during ACE inhibition. Responses of plasma aldosterone concentration and blood pressure were in excellent accord with the reduction in Ang II formation. On the other hand, responses of the renal blood supply were substantially less inhibited than anticipated. Under the conditions of this study, ACE inhibition led to nonuniform changes in the response to exogenous Ang I, suggesting intrarenal conversion of Ang I to Ang II.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adrenal Glands', 'Adult', 'Aldosterone', 'Angiotensin I', 'Angiotensin II', 'Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors', 'Blood Pressure', 'Diet, Sodium-Restricted', 'Enalapril', 'Humans', 'Infusions, Intravenous', 'Kidney', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Reference Values', 'Renal Artery', 'Renal Plasma Flow', 'Renal Veins', 'Vasoconstriction']
| 10,826,400
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['A06.300.071'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D04.210.500.745.745.654.062', 'D06.472.040.585.353.118'], ['D06.472.699.094.075', 'D12.644.400.070.075', 'D12.644.456.073.021', 'D12.644.548.058.075', 'D12.776.631.650.070.075', 'D23.469.050.050.025'], ['D06.472.699.094.078', 'D12.644.400.070.078', 'D12.644.456.073.041', 'D12.644.548.058.078', 'D12.776.631.650.070.078', 'D23.469.050.050.050'], ['D27.505.519.389.745.085'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['E02.642.249.290', 'G07.203.650.240.290'], ['D12.644.456.345.360'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.082.500', 'E02.319.267.510.590'], ['A05.810.453'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['E05.978.810'], ['A07.015.114.745'], ['G08.852.725.740', 'G09.330.100.812.740'], ['A07.015.908.752'], ['G09.330.380.925']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Vasopressin receptors in islets enhance glucose tolerance, pancreatic beta-cell secretory function, proliferation and survival.
|
Arginine vasopressin (AVP), a peptide secreted from the posterior pituitary, is chiefly regarded as a hormone involved in the regulation of body fluid balance and osmolality. However, recent evidence has revealed that posterior pituitary hormones can exert important actions on endocrine pancreatic function. In the present study, the presence of AVP receptors, namely Avpr1a (V1a), Avpr1b (V1b) and Avpr2 (V2) was demonstrated in murine islets as well as rodent BRIN BD11 and human 1.1B4 beta-cells. Further to this, AVP was shown to induce significant concentration-dependent (10-12 - 10-6 M) increases of insulin release from both rodent and human beta-cells, as well as mouse islets. Insulinotropic actions of AVP were completely annulled by specific V1a or V1b receptor antagonists, and partially abolished by an oxytocin receptor antagonist. In addition, beta-cell insulin secretory actions of AVP were augmented by both IBMX (200 ìM) and KCl (30 mM) and linked to significantly increased cAMP production and [Ca2+]i. AVP substantially increased proliferation of rodent and human beta-cells. Moreover, AVP fully protected against cytokine-induced beta-cell apoptosis. AVP had no effect on glucagon secretion. Immunohistochemical examination of beta- and alpha-cells revealed co-expression of AVP with glucagon, and particularly insulin. Finally, administration of AVP in combination with glucose to mice significantly reduced blood glucose, which was associated with increased plasma insulin. These data indicate that AVP possesses novel and potentially important effects on pancreatic endocrine function. Understanding disturbances in islet AVP receptor signalling could reveal insight into the beta-cell defects associated with diabetes.
|
['Animals', 'Apoptosis', 'Arginine Vasopressin', 'Cell Line', 'Glucagon', 'Humans', 'Insulin', 'Insulin-Secreting Cells', 'Mice', 'Receptors, Vasopressin']
| 30,677,431
|
[['B01.050'], ['G04.146.954.035'], ['D06.472.699.631.692.781.100', 'D12.644.400.900.100', 'D12.644.456.925.100', 'D12.644.548.691.692.781.100', 'D12.776.631.650.937.100'], ['A11.251.210'], ['D06.472.699.587.730.500', 'D12.644.548.586.730.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D06.472.699.587.200.500.625', 'D12.644.548.586.200.500.625'], ['A03.734.414.131', 'A06.300.414.087', 'A06.390.131', 'A11.382.625.092', 'A11.436.294.092'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.992.635.505.500'], ['D12.776.543.750.695.910', 'D12.776.543.750.720.600.925', 'D12.776.543.750.750.555.925', 'D12.776.543.750.750.660.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Factors affecting the mobilization of primitive and committed hematopoietic progenitors into the peripheral blood of cancer patients.
|
Rapid hematopoietic reconstitution following peripheral blood progenitor cell (PBPC) autotransplantation is thought to result from reinfusion of committed progenitor cells. This has raised concern that PBPC autografts might be rich in committed hematopoietic progentors responsible for early engraftment, but deficient in more primitive progenitors required for long-term hematopoietic reconstitution. The granulomonocytic colony-forming unit (CFU-GM) assay measures committed progenitors responsive to a single species of colony-stimulating activity such as granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), whereas the pre-CFU assay identifies more primitive progenitors by measuring interleukin-3 (IL-3) and kit ligand (KL) induced generation of secondary CFU-GM from CD34+, 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide resistant progenitors that require multiple cytokine stimuli. Paired bone marrow (BM) and PBPC samples from 17 breast and ovarian cancer patients participating in four separate clinical trials were compared in these assay systems. In seven of nine patients, PBPC autografts mobilized with cyclophosphamide rebound and G-CSF compared favorably with paired BM autografts in both committed and primitive progenitor capacity. Failure to mobilize substantial primitive progenitor cell numbers occurred in two of nine patients undergoing this mobilization regimen and could not have been predicted by either circulating CFU-GM or CD34+ cell number. Prior myelosuppressive treatment experiences reduced peripheral progenitor yields somewhat, but still allowed for the collection of PBPC autografts which compared favorably with BM autografts in total CFU-GM and Pre-CFU. Mobilization of PBPC with G-CSF or GM-CSF alone in patients who had received prior myelosuppressive therapies produced autografts which were relatively deficient in committed progenitors, but absolutely deficient in primitive progenitors. We conclude that optimization of patient characteristics and mobilization parameters can achieve PBPC autografts rich in both the primitive and committed hematopoietic progenitor cells.
|
['Adult', 'Antigens, CD', 'Antigens, CD34', 'Blood Cells', 'Bone Marrow Cells', 'Bone Marrow Transplantation', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cell Separation', 'Combined Modality Therapy', 'Cyclophosphamide', 'Female', 'Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor', 'Hematopoiesis', 'Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation', 'Hematopoietic Stem Cells', 'Humans', 'Interleukin-1', 'Middle Aged', 'Ovarian Neoplasms', 'Stem Cell Factor']
| 7,536,069
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D23.050.301.264.035', 'D23.101.100.110'], ['D23.050.301.264.035.134', 'D23.101.100.110.134'], ['A11.118', 'A15.145.229'], ['A11.148', 'A15.378.316'], ['E02.095.147.725.040', 'E04.936.580.040'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['E01.370.225.500.363', 'E05.200.500.363', 'E05.242.363'], ['E02.186'], ['D02.455.526.728.650.730.243', 'D02.705.672.500.243'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.240.375', 'D12.776.395.240.300', 'D12.776.467.374.410.240.375', 'D23.529.374.410.240.375'], ['G04.152.825', 'G09.188.343'], ['D12.644.276.374.410', 'D12.776.467.374.410', 'D23.529.374.410'], ['E02.095.147.500.500.500', 'E04.936.225.687.500'], ['A11.148.378', 'A11.872.378', 'A15.378.316.378'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D12.644.276.374.465.010', 'D12.644.276.374.500.400', 'D12.776.467.374.465.010', 'D12.776.467.374.500.400', 'D23.529.374.465.131', 'D23.529.374.500.400'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C04.588.322.455', 'C13.351.500.056.630.705', 'C13.351.937.418.685', 'C19.344.410', 'C19.391.630.705'], ['D12.644.276.374.410.800', 'D12.776.467.374.410.800', 'D23.529.374.410.800']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anatomy [A]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Late neuropsychological outcomes in preterm infants of normal IQ: selective vulnerability of the visual system.
|
Evaluated neuropsychological outcomes in 635 children, ages 7 to 10 years, in relation to birth weight group: < or = 1,000 g; 1,001-1,500 g; 1,501-2,500 g, and > 2,500 g. The prevalence of low IQ (< 85) was related to birth weight. Among children with IQ > 84 (N = 475): (a) Birth weight was unrelated to Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, Full-scale IQ, or reading achievement; (b) extremely low birth weight (ELBW) children achieved more poorly in mathematics than did other birth weight groups (p < .05); (c) ELBW and very low birth weight children performed more poorly on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure, a complex visual processing task, than did heavier birth weight children (p < .05), but performance on the Beery Test of Visuomotor Integration was not related to birth weight. Results are consistent with heightened neurobehavioral vulnerability of visual processing to preterm birth.
|
['Child', 'Cognition Disorders', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Infant, Low Birth Weight', 'Infant, Newborn', 'Infant, Premature', 'Intelligence', 'Intelligence Tests', 'Male', 'Neuropsychological Tests', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Visual Perception']
| 8,558,374
|
[['M01.060.406'], ['F03.615.250'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['M01.060.703.520.460'], ['M01.060.703.520'], ['M01.060.703.520.520'], ['F01.752.543'], ['F04.711.141.493'], ['F04.711.513'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['F02.463.593.932']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Myopathy with anti-Jo-1 antibodies: pathology in perimysium and neighbouring muscle fibres.
|
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate muscle pathology and clinical characteristics in patients with a myopathy and serum antibodies to the Jo-1 antigen (histidyl t-RNA synthetase).BACKGROUND: Anti-Jo-1 antibodies occur in syndromes that may include muscle weakness and pain, Raynaud's phenomenon, interstitial lung disease, arthritis, and a skin rash different from that seen in dermatomyositis. The muscle pathology is not well defined.METHODS: Case series. Review of charts, muscle biopsies, and laboratory records. Features of myopathology in 11 patients with anti-Jo-1 antibody associated myopathies were compared with other types of inflammatory myopathies.RESULTS: Myopathology in patients with anti-Jo-1 antibodies consistently included fragmentation of, and macrophage predominant inflammation in, perimysial connective tissue. Perifascicular myopathic changes, including atrophy, regenerating muscle fibres, and some muscle fibre necrosis, were most common in regions near the connective tissue pathology and were most prominent in patients with more severe weakness. Unlike many other inflammatory myopathies, inflammation in endomysial and perivascular regions was uncommon. By contrast with dermatomyositis, capillary density was normal.CONCLUSIONS: Myopathological changes in the anti-Jo-1 antibody syndrome include perimysial connective tissue fragmentation and inflammation, with muscle fibre pathology in neighbouring perifascicular regions. Myositis with anti-Jo-1 antibodies may result from an immune mediated disorder of connective tissue.
|
['Adolescent', 'Adult', 'Autoantibodies', 'Female', 'Histidine-tRNA Ligase', 'Humans', 'Immunohistochemistry', 'Inflammation', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Muscle Fibers, Skeletal', 'Muscular Diseases']
| 10,727,483
|
[['M01.060.057'], ['M01.060.116'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.323', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.323', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.323'], ['D08.811.464.263.200.400'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.225.500.607.512', 'E01.370.225.750.551.512', 'E05.200.500.607.512', 'E05.200.750.551.512', 'E05.478.583', 'H01.158.100.656.234.512', 'H01.158.201.344.512', 'H01.158.201.486.512', 'H01.181.122.573.512', 'H01.181.122.605.512'], ['C23.550.470'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A10.690.552.500.500', 'A11.620.249'], ['C05.651', 'C10.668.491']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
|
Natriuretic peptides maintain sodium homoeostasis during chronic volume loading post-myocardial infarction in sheep.
|
The impaired ability to excrete sodium is a key feature of established congestive heart failure and is also apparent in asymptomatic left ventricular (LV) impairment. However, few studies have examined responses to chronic volume loading immediately post-myocardial infarction (MI). Experimental MI was induced in six sheep by thrombogenic coil coronary artery occlusion, and resulted in significant LV dysfunction with reduced LV ejection fraction ( P =0.001) and subsequent remodelling (increased LV volumes, P =0.015). Chronic volume loading with 2, 3 and 4 litres/day intravenous saline (each for 7 days) showed no evidence of renal sodium or volume retention in sheep with experimental MI compared with six normal control sheep. Plasma levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), N-terminal pro-BNP and cGMP (all P <0.05) were higher in the MI group compared with normal control sheep. There were no differences in haemodynamics, body mass or renin-aldosterone levels between groups. This study provides evidence that natriuretic peptides play a pivotal role in preserving volume/electrolyte balance in the early stages of post-MI cardiac dysfunction.
|
['Animals', 'Chronic Disease', 'Cyclic GMP', 'Female', 'Homeostasis', 'Models, Animal', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'Natriuretic Peptide, Brain', 'Sheep', 'Sodium', 'Sodium Chloride', 'Ventricular Dysfunction, Left']
| 12,653,689
|
[['B01.050'], ['C23.550.291.500'], ['D03.633.100.759.646.454.160', 'D13.695.462.275', 'D13.695.667.454.160', 'D13.695.827.426.160'], ['G07.410'], ['E05.598'], ['C14.280.647.500', 'C14.907.585.500', 'C23.550.513.355.750', 'C23.550.717.489.750'], ['D06.472.699.584.625', 'D12.644.548.585.625', 'D12.776.631.590'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.500.380.791'], ['D01.268.549.750', 'D01.268.557.650', 'D01.552.528.850', 'D01.552.547.725'], ['D01.210.450.150.875', 'D01.857.650'], ['C14.280.945.900']]
|
['Organisms [B]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Micro-analysis for quinidine in serum by thin-layer chromatography followed by fluorescence densitometry.
|
We report a thin-layer-chromatographic micro-analysis for quinidine in serum, with detection by fluorescence densitometry. Quinidine is extracted from 20 microL of serum at pH 13 into 3 mL of hexane/acetone solution (80/20 by vol) containing N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine as internal standard. The extract is concentrated and applied to silica-gel-impregnated plates for conventional thin-layer chromatography. Quinidine is identified from its RF value and quantified from the peak-height ratio between quinidine and the internal standard, relative to that of simultaneously extracted serum standards. The proposed assay is sensitive (to 0.2 mg/L), specific for unmetabolized quinidine, precise (between-run coefficients of variation less than 6%), and readily adaptable to large-scale "batch" analysis. Peak-height ratio is linearly related to concentration to at least 20 mg/L. Quinidine concentrations in the serum of patients, as measured by the proposed method (x) and by a traditional double-extraction spectrofluorometric assay (y), were related as follows: y = 0.994x + 0.276 (r = 0.989, n = 20).
|
['Chromatography, Thin Layer', 'Fluorescence', 'Humans', 'Quinidine', 'Spectrometry, Fluorescence']
| 6,640,909
|
[['E05.196.181.400.537'], ['G01.358.500.505.650.665.500', 'G01.590.540.665.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D03.132.206.636', 'D03.605.687.637', 'D03.633.100.810.699'], ['E05.196.712.516.600.676', 'E05.196.867.726']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Bevacizumab treatment for acute branch retinal vein occlusion accompanied by subretinal hemorrhage.
|
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) in the treatment of acute (<3 months [mo]. duration) macular edema (ME), with or without subretinal hemorrhage (SRH), resulting from branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 33 consecutive patients (n = 33 eyes) with ME caused by acute BRVO. All patients received an injection of IVB at baseline examination. All patients were followed monthly, with administration of additional IVB injections if there was persistent or recurrent ME. Specific patterns of ME were investigated using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).RESULTS: SD-OCT revealed serous retinal detachments in the fovea of 15 eyes, 10 of which had accompanying foveal SRH. Based on initial detection of foveal SRH, patients were divided into SRH-negative (n = 23 eyes) or SRH-positive (n = 10 eyes) groups. Initial best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) did not differ between the two groups. In the SRH-negative group, both BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) improved significantly after IVB injections (mean, 2.3 injections) at the 6-mo. follow-up examination. In the SRH-positive group, there was no significant improvement in BCVA after IVB injections (mean, 2.0 injections), although there was a significant decrease in CMT. The final BCVA of the SRH-positive group was significantly poorer than that of the SRH-negative group (p = 0.001).CONCLUSION: The presence of foveal SRH may be a negative predictor of IVB treatment outcomes for BRVO patients with ME.
|
['Acute Disease', 'Adult', 'Aged', 'Angiogenesis Inhibitors', 'Bevacizumab', 'Female', 'Humans', 'Intravitreal Injections', 'Macular Edema', 'Male', 'Middle Aged', 'Retinal Hemorrhage', 'Retinal Vein Occlusion', 'Retrospective Studies', 'Risk Factors', 'Tomography, Optical Coherence', 'Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A', 'Visual Acuity']
| 25,330,134
|
[['C23.550.291.125'], ['M01.060.116'], ['M01.060.116.100'], ['D27.505.696.377.077.099', 'D27.505.696.377.450.100', 'D27.505.954.248.025'], ['D12.776.124.486.485.114.224.060.375', 'D12.776.124.790.651.114.224.060.438', 'D12.776.377.715.548.114.224.200.438'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E02.319.267.530.475.500'], ['C11.768.585.439.245'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['C11.290.807', 'C11.768.710', 'C23.550.414.756.775'], ['C11.768.760', 'C14.907.355.830.925.650', 'C14.907.760'], ['E05.318.372.500.500.500', 'E05.318.372.500.750.750', 'N05.715.360.330.500.500.500', 'N05.715.360.330.500.750.825', 'N06.850.520.450.500.500.500', 'N06.850.520.450.500.750.825'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['E01.370.350.589.249.500', 'E01.370.350.825.805.500', 'E05.642.249.500'], ['D12.644.276.100.800.200', 'D12.776.467.100.800.200', 'D23.529.100.800.200'], ['E01.370.380.850.950', 'F02.463.593.932.901', 'G14.940']]
|
['Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Tankyrase1-mediated poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of TRF1 maintains cell survival after telomeric DNA damage.
|
Oxidative DNA damage triggers telomere erosion and cellular senescence. However, how repair is initiated at telomeres is largely unknown. Here, we found unlike PARP1-mediated Poly-ADP-Ribosylation (PARylation) at genomic damage sites, PARylation at telomeres is mainly dependent on tankyrase1 (TNKS1). TNKS1 is recruited to damaged telomeres via its interaction with TRF1, which subsequently facilitates the PARylation of TRF1 after damage. TNKS inhibition abolishes the recruitment of the repair proteins XRCC1 and polymerase â at damaged telomeres, while the PARP1/2 inhibitor only has such an effect at non-telomeric damage sites. The ANK domain of TNKS1 is essential for the telomeric damage response and TRF1 interaction. Mutation of the tankyrase-binding motif (TBM) on TRF1 (13R/18G to AA) disrupts its interaction with TNKS1 concomitant recruitment of TNKS1 and repair proteins after damage. Either TNKS1 inhibition or TBM mutated TRF1 expression markedly sensitizes cells to telomere oxidative damage as well as XRCC1 inhibition. Together, our data reveal a novel role of TNKS1 in facilitating SSBR at damaged telomeres through PARylation of TRF1, thereby protecting genome stability and cell viability.
|
['Cell Line', 'Cell Survival', 'DNA Damage', 'DNA Repair', 'Genomic Instability', 'Humans', 'Tankyrases', 'Telomere', 'Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 1']
| 28,160,604
|
[['A11.251.210'], ['G04.346'], ['G05.200'], ['G02.111.222', 'G05.219'], ['C23.550.362', 'G05.365.590.335', 'G05.370'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['D08.811.913.400.725.115.690.840'], ['A11.284.430.106.279.345.190.160.845', 'G05.360.160.845'], ['D12.776.260.735.750', 'D12.776.660.235.700.750']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
[Fatal giant cell arteritis with severe bilateral involvement of the vertebral arteries].
|
With steroid therapy, it is commonly considered that prognosis is good in giant cell arteritis. However serious or even fatal complications may occur. Here we report the case of a patient who developed fatal giant cell arteritis with severe stenosis of both vertebral arteries and right carotid siphon. Several similar cases have been reported in the literature. Initially diagnosis may be difficult because neurological manifestations are intermittent and classical signs of giant cell arteritis may be lacking. In such condition the reason of poor outcome is unknown and therapy remains empiric.
|
['Aged', 'Arterial Occlusive Diseases', 'Fatal Outcome', 'Functional Laterality', 'Giant Cell Arteritis', 'Humans', 'Magnetic Resonance Imaging', 'Middle Aged', 'Spine']
| 17,028,553
|
[['M01.060.116.100'], ['C14.907.137'], ['E05.318.308.985.550.325', 'N01.224.935.698.201', 'N06.850.505.400.975.550.325', 'N06.850.520.308.985.550.325'], ['F02.830.297.425', 'G11.561.225.425'], ['C10.114.875.700', 'C10.228.140.300.850.500', 'C14.907.253.946.700', 'C14.907.940.090.530', 'C14.907.940.907.700', 'C17.800.862.252', 'C20.111.258.962.800'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E01.370.350.825.500'], ['M01.060.116.630'], ['A02.835.232.834']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Influence of caffeine on the frequency and perception of hypoglycemia in free-living patients with type 1 diabetes.
|
OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of caffeine on the frequency and perception of hypoglycemia in "free-living" patients with type 1 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 34 patients with type 1 diabetes were recruited for a prospective randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study. After a lead-in phase and while adhering to a low-caffeine diet, subjects were randomized to capsules containing either 200 mg caffeine or matched placebo with crossover at 3 months. Hypoglycemic episodes were monitored throughout with capillary blood glucose readings and a symptom questionnaire. During the study, measurements of blood pressure, middle cerebral artery blood velocity (a surrogate measure of cerebral blood flow), cognitive function (via a four-choice reaction time test), HbAlc levels, and lipid profiles were taken at the beginning and end of each phase.RESULTS: Throughout the study, no changes were evident regarding glycemic control or lipid profile. The number of symptomatic episodes was greater with caffeine (1.3 vs. 0.9 episodes/week; P < 0.03) and was associated with more intense warning symptoms (29 vs. 26 total symptom score; P < 0.05). For women, caffeine ingestion caused a modest pressor response (115 vs. 110 mmHg; P < 0.01). Four-choice reaction time improved slightly with caffeine supplementation (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Ingestion of modest amounts of caffeine enhances the intensity of hypoglycemia warning symptoms in patients with type 1 diabetes without altering the prevailing standard of glycemic control or increasing the incidence of severe hypoglycemic episodes.
|
['Adult', 'Blood Glucose', 'Blood Pressure', 'Caffeine', 'Cerebrovascular Circulation', 'Cognition', 'Cross-Over Studies', 'Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1', 'Double-Blind Method', 'Female', 'Heart Rate', 'Humans', 'Hypoglycemia', 'Male', 'Perception', 'Placebos', 'Sex Characteristics', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 10,857,934
|
[['M01.060.116'], ['D09.947.875.359.448.500'], ['E01.370.600.875.249', 'G09.330.380.076'], ['D03.132.960.175', 'D03.633.100.759.758.824.175'], ['G09.330.100.159'], ['F02.463.188'], ['E05.318.370.150', 'N05.715.360.325.150', 'N06.850.520.445.150'], ['C18.452.394.750.124', 'C19.246.267', 'C20.111.327'], ['E05.318.370.300', 'E05.581.500.300', 'N05.715.360.325.320', 'N06.850.520.445.300'], ['E01.370.600.875.500', 'G09.330.380.500'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C18.452.394.984'], ['F02.463.593'], ['D26.660', 'E02.785'], ['G08.686.815'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Named Groups [M]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
SAR for gastro-intestinal absorption and blood-brain barrier permeation of pesticides.
|
The CORAL software has been applied to the development of classification models for pesticides relative to two pharmacokinetic properties in humans: (i) gastro-intestinal absorption; and (ii) blood-brain barrier permeation. These models were built up using categorical data on pesticide absorption and brain permeation split into training, invisible training, calibration and external validation sets using Monte Carlo simulations. The models were assessed using several random splits into the training and validation sets. Optimal SMILES-based descriptors sensitive to the presence of different chemical elements and types of covalent bonds have been used to build up models. The range of Matthews correlation coefficient for suggested models is 0.64-0.75. The perspectives of studied approach as a tool to build up models for pharmacokinetic properties of chemicals is discussed. The models are built up according to OECD principles.
|
['Blood-Brain Barrier', 'Gastrointestinal Tract', 'Half-Life', 'Humans', 'Models, Molecular', 'Permeability', 'Pesticides', 'Software', 'Structure-Activity Relationship']
| 29,753,609
|
[['A07.035', 'A08.186.211.035'], ['A03.556'], ['G01.910.405'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['E05.599.595'], ['G02.723'], ['D27.720.031.700', 'D27.888.723'], ['L01.224.900'], ['G02.111.830', 'G07.690.773.997']]
|
['Anatomy [A]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Information Science [L]']
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 0
|
Vaginal Atrophy in Breast Cancer Survivors: Attitude and Approaches Among Oncologists.
|
BACKGROUND: Vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) is a relevant problem for breast cancer survivors (BCSs), in particular for those who receive aromatase inhibitors (AIs). We conducted a survey, to assess the attitude of oncologists toward the diagnosis and treatment of VVA in BCSs.MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 2015, 120 computer-assisted Web interviews were performed among breast oncologists.RESULTS: According to oncologists' perceptions, 60% of postmenopausal BCSs and 39.4% of premenopausal BCSs will suffer from VVA. Despite that none of the physicians considered VVA as a transient event or a secondary problem in BCSs, only half of the oncologists (48%) directly illustrated VVA to the patients as a possible consequence. Forty-one percent of the oncologists refer BCSs to gynaecologist to define VVA treatment, whereas 35.1% manages it alone. Nonhormonal treatments are preferred by most oncologists (71%). The main reason not to prescribe vaginal estrogen therapy in BCSs is the fear of increased cancer recurrence, the possible interference with tamoxifen, or AIs and the fear of medical litigation.CONCLUSION: VVA is a relevant problem for BCSs. Great effort should be done to correctly inform health care providers about VVA problems and on the different possible available treatments.
|
['Administration, Intravaginal', 'Antineoplastic Agents', 'Aromatase Inhibitors', 'Atrophy', 'Breast Neoplasms', 'Cancer Survivors', 'Chemotherapy, Adjuvant', 'Clinical Competence', 'Drug Interactions', 'Estrogens', 'Female', 'Gynecology', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Neoplasm Recurrence, Local', 'Oncologists', 'Physician-Patient Relations', 'Postmenopause', 'Surveys and Questionnaires', 'Tamoxifen', 'Vagina', 'Vulva']
| 28,655,486
|
[['E02.319.267.120.500'], ['D27.505.954.248'], ['D27.505.519.389.870.300', 'D27.505.696.399.450.327.149', 'D27.505.696.399.450.855.300'], ['C23.300.070'], ['C04.588.180', 'C17.800.090.500'], ['M01.860.350'], ['E02.186.170', 'E02.319.170'], ['I02.399.630.210', 'N04.761.210', 'N05.715.175'], ['G07.690.773.968'], ['D27.505.696.399.472.277'], ['H02.403.763.750', 'H02.403.810.310'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['C04.697.655', 'C23.550.727.655'], ['M01.526.485.810.699', 'N02.360.810.699'], ['F01.829.401.650.675', 'N05.300.660.625'], ['G08.686.157.500.625', 'G08.686.841.249.500.625'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980'], ['D02.455.426.559.389.150.700.900'], ['A05.360.319.779'], ['A05.360.319.887']]
|
['Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Anatomy [A]']
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Precipitating or aggravating factors for headache in patients with major depressive disorder.
|
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the common precipitating or aggravating factors for headache among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and to compare precipitating or aggravating factors specifically for migraine with those for other headaches.METHODS: Consecutive psychiatric outpatients with MDD in a medical center were enrolled. Headaches were diagnosed based on the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd Edition. A 21-item self-report questionnaire was used to identify precipitating or aggravating factors. Subjects were divided into migraine and other-headache groups.RESULTS: Of 122 subjects (76% female) with headache, 63 (51.6%) were diagnosed with migraine. Mental stress and depressive symptoms were the most common precipitating or aggravating factors, and 17 factors affected >50% of the subjects. Compared with other-headache groups, the migraine group was more sensitive to emotional and perceptional stimuli and to the stress of daily activities.CONCLUSION: Treatment of depression and education of depressed patients about how to cope with mental stress might help to eliminate the negative impact of headache.
|
['Adaptation, Psychological', 'Adult', 'Demography', 'Depressive Disorder, Major', 'Female', 'Headache', 'Humans', 'Male', 'Periodicity', 'Prevalence', 'Risk Factors', 'Stress, Psychological', 'Surveys and Questionnaires']
| 18,222,138
|
[['F01.058'], ['M01.060.116'], ['I01.240', 'N01.224', 'N06.850.505.400'], ['F03.600.300.375'], ['C23.888.592.612.441'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['G01.910.645', 'G07.180.562'], ['E05.318.308.985.525.750', 'N01.224.935.597.750', 'N06.850.505.400.975.525.750', 'N06.850.520.308.985.525.750'], ['E05.318.740.600.800.725', 'N05.715.350.200.700', 'N05.715.360.750.625.700.700', 'N06.850.490.625.750', 'N06.850.520.830.600.800.725'], ['F01.145.126.990', 'F02.830.900'], ['E05.318.308.980', 'N05.715.360.300.800', 'N06.850.520.308.980']]
|
['Psychiatry and Psychology [F]', 'Named Groups [M]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Diseases [C]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques, and Equipment [E]']
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 0
|
Assessment of ground water vulnerability and its application to the development of protection strategy for the water supply aquifer in Owerri, Southeastern Nigeria.
|
Pollution vulnerability of the Owerri regional water supply aquifer was evaluated as a basis for developing appropriate protection strategy for the groundwater resource. The assessment was accomplished using Legrand, GOD, Siga and DRASTIC models. Techniques of the models generally involved parameters rating and point count systems, which are based on the evaluation of various parameter in relation to their capacity for enhancing or attenuating contaminants in the groundwater system. Field and laboratory evaluations of the parameters indicate that the Owerri area generally occupies a nearly, flat topography with a relatively high groundwater recharge. The area is underlain by predominantly sandy facies in the Northern area which grades into gravelly sequences towards the southwest. The Southeastern area is distinguished by thick clayey facies that thin westwards towards the Owerri metropolis. Effective hydraulic conductivity (Kz) in the downward direction ranges from 1.44 x 10(-3) to 5.6 x 10(-9) m s(-1); with the upper limits reflecting coarse sands and gravelly units. The amount of clay and clay-size particles in the sandy and gravelly units is negligible, suggesting that the sorptive capacity of the units is low. Depth to water table decreases southwards while hydraulic head gradients vary between 0.09 and 0.22. Groundwater occurs in unconfined conditions in most places except in the southeastern zone where it is semi-confined due to the presence of a clayey unit. The groundwater vulnerability map developed on the basis of the models and several other thematic maps shows that the Owerri metropolis and the southwest area of Owerri have high vulnerability, indicating groundwater pollution. The existing waste disposal sites in these sub-areas should be abandoned and rehabilitated to forstall further pollution of the groundwater system. Areas to the North and Southeast of Owerri have moderate and low vulnerabilities, respectively, indicating the relatively lower sensitivity of the groundwater system in the sub-areas to contamination. The lower sensitivity could further be matched with properly engineered sanitary landfills in the event of choice of sites, as an additional protective strategy for the groundwater system.
|
['Agriculture', 'Conservation of Natural Resources', 'Fresh Water', 'Geological Phenomena', 'Geology', 'Humans', 'Industry', 'Nigeria', 'Soil', 'Urbanization', 'Waste Management', 'Water Pollution', 'Water Supply']
| 11,334,446
|
[['J01.040'], ['J01.256', 'N06.230.080'], ['G16.500.275.280', 'N06.230.232'], ['G01.311'], ['H01.277.562'], ['B01.050.150.900.649.313.988.400.112.400.400'], ['J01.576'], ['Z01.058.290.190.565'], ['D20.721', 'G01.311.820', 'G16.500.275.815', 'N06.230.600'], ['I01.880.853.400.726'], ['N06.850.780.200.800.800.900', 'N06.850.860.510.900'], ['N06.850.460.790'], ['J01.293.821.500']]
|
['Technology, Industry, and Agriculture [J]', 'Health Care [N]', 'Phenomena and Processes [G]', 'Disciplines and Occupations [H]', 'Organisms [B]', 'Geographicals [Z]', 'Chemicals and Drugs [D]', 'Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena [I]']
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 1
| 1
|
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